Factors Female sex Education Completed secondary Completed elementary Illiterates Rural residence Marital status Married Single Divorced/widowed Type of disease: Sputum smear negative Sputum smear positive Use of alternative treatment before first consultation: No prior treatment Holy water Traditional healer Private practitioner Private drug stores Patients' perception about the cause of their illness: Contact from PTB patient Evil or bad lack Exposure to cold I do not know 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) 1 2.5 (1.9, 3.5) 1.9(1.3, 2.8) 1.9(1.45, 2.5) 1 0.85(0.6, 1.1) 0.77(0.52, 1.13) 1 1.5 (1.2, 1.9) 1 3.9(2.8, 5.5) 2.2(0.9, 4.8) 1.6(1.1, 2.4) 1.8(1.03, 3) 1 2.1(1.15, 3.6) 1.2 (0.84, 1.7) 1.1(0.65, 1.78) 1.4 (0.9, 1.8) 1 1.1 (0.77, 1.6) 1.7 (1.2, 2.4) 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) 1 1.1 (0.82, 1.6) 0.67(0.44, 1.02) 1 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) 1 3.5 (2.4, 5) 2 (0.9, 4.5) 1.7 (1.14, 2.6) 1.9 (1.1, 3.5) 1 2 (1.2, 3.8) 1.4 (0.95, 2.1) 1.6 (1.1, 2.8) 0.06 0.6 0.004 0.02 0.4 0.06 0.02 0.0001 0.1 0.01 002 0.01 0.08 0.05 BMC Public Health 2009, 9:53 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/53 Table 6: Multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with prolonged patient delay among pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 924) in Ethiopia during 2005–2006. Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI) Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) P-value Onset of illness: N=924 Used alternative treatment: n=428 (46%) Never used alternative treatment: n=496 (54%) The number of patients stratified according to nearest health facilities (potential health access) Clinics: n= 286 (31%) Health centr es: n=506 (55%) Hospitals: n= 132 (14%) n=82 n=48 n=18 n=156 n=178 n=310 n=5 n =127 The number of patients according to type of health facilities first visited. Clinics: 82 (29%) used nearby clinic 18 bypassed nearby health centres Health centr es: 178 (35%) used nearby health centre 48 bypassed nearby clinics 5 bypassed nearby hospitals Hospitals: .127 (96%) used nearby hospital 156 by passed nearby clinics 310 bypassed nearby health centres Shows patients’ use of nearby health facilities Shows patients’ first visit at distant health facilities bypassing the nearby one. pFHuiegbaullitcrhehse1eaeltkhinfgacbielithiaevsi oinurEtohfioppuilamdounrainryg t2u0b0e5r–c2u0lo0s6is patients (n = 924) according to attendance at alternative providers and Health seeking behaviour of pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 924) according to attendance at alternative providers and public health facilities in Ethiopia during 2005–2006. Page 8 of 10 (page number not for citation purposes)