alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects usage of cmdkey to look for cached credentials on the system
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of cmdkey to look for cached credentials on the system. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Reconnaissance For Cached Credentials Via Cmdkey.EXE id: 07f8bdc2-c9b3-472a-9817-5a670b872f53 status: test description: Detects usage of cmdkey to look for cached credentials on the system references: - https://www.peew.pw/blog/2017/11/26/exploring-cmdkey-an-edge-case-for-privilege-escalation - https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc754243(v=ws.11).aspx - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/b27a3cb25025161d49ac861cb216db68c46a3537/atomics/T1003.005/T1003.005.md#atomic-test-1---cached-credential-dump-via-cmdkey author: jmallette, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-01-16 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \cmdkey.exe - OriginalFileName: cmdkey.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -l' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative tasks level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_cmdkey_recon/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Cached Credential Dump via Cmdkey technique: T1003.005 atomic_guid: 56506854-89d6-46a3-9804-b7fde90791f9
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of bitsadmin downloading a file using an URL that contains an IP. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Download From Direct IP Via Bitsadmin id: 99c840f2-2012-46fd-9141-c761987550ef related: - id: 90f138c1-f578-4ac3-8c49-eecfd847c8b7 type: similar status: test description: Detects usage of bitsadmin downloading a file using an URL that contains an IP references: - https://blog.netspi.com/15-ways-to-download-a-file/#bitsadmin - https://isc.sans.edu/diary/22264 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Bitsadmin/ - https://blog.talosintelligence.com/breaking-the-silence-recent-truebot-activity/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-28 modified: 2023-02-15 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1197 - attack.s0190 - attack.t1036.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \bitsadmin.exe - OriginalFileName: bitsadmin.exe selection_flags: CommandLine|contains: - ' /transfer ' - ' /create ' - ' /addfile ' selection_extension: CommandLine|contains: - ://1 - ://2 - ://3 - ://4 - ://5 - ://6 - ://7 - ://8 - ://9 filter_seven_zip: CommandLine|contains: ://7- condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_bitsadmin_download_direct_ip/info.yml
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1317
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1317. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in Oxide before 1.5.6 and 1.6.x before 1.6.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code by deleting all WebContents while a RenderProcessHost instance still exists.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3146. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The (1) SSH_MSG_NEWKEYS and (2) SSH_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY packet handlers in package_cb.c in libssh before 0.6.5 do not properly validate state, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and crash) via a crafted SSH packet.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1856
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1856. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.5. OpenStack Object Storage (Swift) before 2.3.0, when allow_version is configured, allows remote authenticated users to delete the latest version of an object by leveraging listing access to the x-versions-location container.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7371. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. Revive Adserver before 3.2.2 does not restrict access to run-mpe.php, which allows remote attackers to run the Maintenance Priority Engine and possibly cause a denial of service (resource consumption) via a direct request.
Query: vulnerability: The kernel in Cisco NX-OS 5.2(9)N1(1) on Nexus 5000 devices allows local users to cause a denial of service (device crash) via crafted USB parameters, aka Bug ID CSCus89408.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6394. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The kernel in Cisco NX-OS 5.2(9)N1(1) on Nexus 5000 devices allows local users to cause a denial of service (device crash) via crafted USB parameters, aka Bug ID CSCus89408.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1074. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: playbook for alert: Suspicious Container Administration Command execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: Playbook for T1609 Container Administration Command. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1609. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: execution. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may abuse a container administration service to execute commands within a container. A container administration service such as the Docker daemon, the Kubernetes API server, or the kubelet may allow remote management of containers within an environment.(Citation: Docker Daemon CLI)(Citation: Kubernetes API)(Citation: Kubernetes Kubelet) In Docker, adversaries may specify an entrypoint
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1569.001 Launchctl. Different response path focused on execution.
Query: mitigate Pluggable Authentication Modules
Matching passage: T1556.003 Pluggable Authentication Modules. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may modify pluggable authentication modules (PAM) to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. PAM is a modular system of configuration files, libraries, and executable files which guide authentication for many services. The most common authentication module is <code>pam_unix.so</code>, which retrieves, sets, and verifies account authentication information in <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code>.(Citation: Apple PAM)(Citation: Man Pam_Unix)(Citation: Red Hat PAM) Adversaries may modify components of the PAM system to create backdoors. PAM components, such as <code>pam_unix.so</code>, can be patched to accept arbitrary adversary supplied values as legitimate credentials.(Citation: PAM Backdoor) Malicious modifications to the PAM system may also be abused to steal credentials. Adversaries may infect PAM resources with code to harvest user credentials, since the values exchanged with PAM components may be plain-text since PAM does not store passwords.(Citation: PAM Creds)(Citation: Apple PAM)
Near-miss passage: T1556.009 Conditional Access Policies. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify conditional access policies to enable persistent access to compromised accounts. Conditional access policies are additional verifications used by identity providers and identity and access management systems to determine whether a user should be granted access to a resource. For example, in Entra ID, Okta, and JumpCloud, users can be denied access to applications based on their IP address, device enrollment status, and use of multi-factor authentication.(Citation: Microsoft Conditional Access)(Citation: JumpCloud Conditional Access Policies)(Citation: Okta Conditional Access Policies) In some cases, identity providers may also support the use of risk-based metrics to deny sign-ins based on a variety of indicators. In AWS and GCP, IAM policies can contain `condition` attributes that verify arbitrary constraints such as the source IP, the date the request was made, and the nature of the resources or regions being requested.(Citation: AWS IAM Conditions)(Citation: GCP IAM Conditions) These measures help to prevent compromised credentials from resulting in unauthorized access to data or resources, as well as limit user permissions to only those required. By modifying conditional access policies, such as adding additional trusted IP ranges, removing [Multi-Factor Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/006) requirements, or allowing additional [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535), adversaries may be able to ensure persistent access to accounts and circumvent defensive measures.
Query: detect Detects the execution of the "msxsl" binary with an "http" keyword in the command line. This might indicate a potential in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of the "msxsl" binary with an "http" keyword in the command line. This might indicate a potential. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Remote XSL Execution Via Msxsl.EXE id: 75d0a94e-6252-448d-a7be-d953dff527bb status: test description: Detects the execution of the "msxsl" binary with an "http" keyword in the command line. This might indicate a potential remote execution of XSL files. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1220/T1220.md - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Msxsl/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1220 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \msxsl.exe CommandLine|contains: http condition: selection falsepositives: - Msxsl is not installed by default and is deprecated, so unlikely on most systems. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Well-known TAP software installation. Possible preparation for data exfiltration using tunnelling techniques. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Tap Driver Installation id: 8e4cf0e5-aa5d-4dc3-beff-dc26917744a9 status: test description: Well-known TAP software installation. Possible preparation for data exfiltration using tunnelling techniques references: - https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/ManagingWindowsTAPDrivers author: Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Ian Davis, oscd.community date: 2019-10-24 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ImagePath|contains: tap0901 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate OpenVPN TAP installation level: medium
Query: detect This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Account Tampering - Suspicious Failed Logon Reasons id: 9eb99343-d336-4020-a3cd-67f3819e68ee status: test description: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that have been disabled or somehow restricted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4625 - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1101431884540710913 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection_eid: EventID: - 4625 - 4776 selection_status: - Status: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' - SubStatus: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' filter: SubjectUserSid: S-1-0-0 condition: all of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - User using a disabled account level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential suspicious child processes of "jamf". Could be a sign of potential abuse of Jamf as a C2 server as see. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: JAMF MDM Potential Suspicious Child Process id: 2316929c-01aa-438c-970f-099145ab1ee6 status: test description: Detects potential suspicious child processes of "jamf". Could be a sign of potential abuse of Jamf as a C2 server as seen by Typhon MythicAgent. references: - https://github.com/MythicAgents/typhon/ - https://www.zoocoup.org/casper/jamf_cheatsheet.pdf - https://docs.jamf.com/10.30.0/jamf-pro/administrator-guide/Components_Installed_on_Managed_Computers.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-22 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: /jamf Image|endswith: - /bash - /sh condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate execution of custom scripts or commands by Jamf administrators. Apply additional filters accordingly level: medium
Query: mitigate Modify System Image
Matching passage: T1601 Modify System Image. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may make changes to the operating system of embedded network devices to weaken defenses and provide new capabilities for themselves. On such devices, the operating systems are typically monolithic and most of the device functionality and capabilities are contained within a single file. To change the operating system, the adversary typically only needs to affect this one file, replacing or modifying it. This can either be done live in memory during system runtime for immediate effect, or in storage to implement the change on the next boot of the network device.
Near-miss passage: T1601.002 Downgrade System Image. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may install an older version of the operating system of a network device to weaken security. Older operating system versions on network devices often have weaker encryption ciphers and, in general, fewer/less updated defensive features. (Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) On embedded devices, downgrading the version typically only requires replacing the operating system file in storage. With most embedded devices, this can be achieved by downloading a copy of the desired version of the operating system file and reconfiguring the device to boot from that file on next system restart. The adversary could then restart the device to implement the change immediately or they could wait until the next time the system restarts. Downgrading the system image to an older versions may allow an adversary to evade defenses by enabling behaviors such as [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600). Downgrading of a system image can be done on its own, or it can be used in conjunction with [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in e107_admin/filemanager.php in e107 1.0.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the e107_files/ file path in
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1041. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in e107_admin/filemanager.php in e107 1.0.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the e107_files/ file path in the QUERY_STRING.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0690. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HTML help system on Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) devices before 8.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCun95178.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6774
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6774. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the GetLoadTimes function in renderer/loadtimes_extension_bindings.cc in the Extensions implementation in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted JavaScript code that modifies a pointer used for reporting loadTimes data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5408. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.0. HP CentralView Fraud Risk Management 11.1, 11.2, and 11.3; CentralView Revenue Leakage Control 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3; CentralView Dealer Performance Audit 2.0 and 2.1; CentralView Credit Risk Control 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3; CentralView Roaming Fraud Control 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3; and CentralView Subscription Fraud Prevention 2.0 and 2.1 allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5406 and CVE-2015-5407.
Query: explain CWE-293
Matching passage: CWE-293 Using Referer Field for Authentication. The referer field in HTTP requests can be easily modified and, as such, is not a valid means of message integrity checking.
Near-miss passage: CWE-837 Improper Enforcement of a Single, Unique Action. The product requires that an actor should only be able to perform an action once, or to have only one unique action, but the product does not enforce or improperly enforces this restriction.
Query: detection rule: Detects the load of a signed WinRing0 driver often used by threat actors, crypto miners (XMRIG) or malware for privilege
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the load of a signed WinRing0 driver often used by threat actors, crypto miners (XMRIG) or malware for privilege. Logsource: windows / driver_load. Rule: title: Vulnerable WinRing0 Driver Load id: 1a42dfa6-6cb2-4df9-9b48-295be477e835 status: test description: Detects the load of a signed WinRing0 driver often used by threat actors, crypto miners (XMRIG) or malware for privilege escalation references: - https://github.com/xmrig/xmrig/tree/master/bin/WinRing0 - https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2021/12/13/driver-based-attacks-past-and-present/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-26 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows category: driver_load detection: selection: - Hashes|contains: IMPHASH=D41FA95D4642DC981F10DE36F4DC8CD7 - ImageLoaded|endswith: - \WinRing0x64.sys - \WinRing0.sys - \WinRing0.dll - \WinRing0x64.dll - \winring00x64.sys condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the suspicious use of the Velociraptor DFIR tool to execute other tools or download additional payloads, as seen. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Velociraptor Child Process id: 4bc90587-e6ca-4b41-be0b-ed4d04e4ed0c status: experimental description: Detects the suspicious use of the Velociraptor DFIR tool to execute other tools or download additional payloads, as seen in a campaign where it was abused for remote access and to stage further attacks. references: - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2025/08/26/velociraptor-incident-response-tool-abused-for-remote-access/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-08-29 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.persistence - attack.t1219 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: \Velociraptor.exe selection_child_vscode_tunnel: CommandLine|contains|all: - code.exe - tunnel - --accept-server-license-terms selection_child_msiexec: CommandLine|contains|all: - msiexec - /i - http selection_child_powershell: Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \powershell_ise.exe - \pwsh.exe CommandLine|contains: - 'Invoke-WebRequest ' - 'IWR ' - .DownloadFile - .DownloadString condition: selection_parent and 1 of selection_child_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrators or incident responders might use Velociraptor to execute scripts or tools. However, the combination of Velociraptor spawning these specific processes with these command lines is suspicious. Tuning may be required to exclude known administrative actions or specific scripts. level: high
Query: exploit Schneider Electric InduSoft Web Studio before 8.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unhandled runtime exception and application crash)
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7375. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Schneider Electric InduSoft Web Studio before 8.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (unhandled runtime exception and application crash) via a crafted Indusoft Project file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7704. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The ntpd client in NTP 4.x before 4.2.8p4 and 4.3.x before 4.3.77 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a number of crafted "KOD" messages.
Query: describe CVE-2015-10129
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10129. CWE: CWE-697. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. A vulnerability was found in planet-freo up to 20150116 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file admin/inc/auth.inc.php. The manipulation of the argument auth leads to incorrect comparison. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The name of the patch is 6ad38c58a45642eb8c7844e2f272ef199f59550d. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252716.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9238. CWE: CWE-697. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. secure-compare 3.0.0 and below do not actually compare two strings properly. compare was actually comparing the first argument with itself, meaning the check passed for any two strings of the same length.
Query: vulnerability: named in ISC BIND 9.7.0 through 9.9.6 before 9.9.6-P2 and 9.10.x before 9.10.1-P2, when DNSSEC validation and the managed-keys feature are enabled, allows remote attackers to cause
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1349. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. named in ISC BIND 9.7.0 through 9.9.6 before 9.9.6-P2 and 9.10.x before 9.10.1-P2, when DNSSEC validation and the managed-keys feature are enabled, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon exit, or daemon crash) by triggering an incorrect trust-anchor management scenario in which no key is ready for use.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6320. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. The IP ingress packet handler on Cisco Aironet 1800 devices with software 8.1(112.3) and 8.1(112.4) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted header in an IP packet, aka Bug ID CSCuv63138.
Query: vulnerability: Off-by-one error in the dwarf_to_unw_regnum function in include/dwarf_i.h in libunwind 1.1 allows local users to have unspecified impact via invalid dwarf opcodes.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3239. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Off-by-one error in the dwarf_to_unw_regnum function in include/dwarf_i.h in libunwind 1.1 allows local users to have unspecified impact via invalid dwarf opcodes.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2192. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 5.0. Integer overflow in the dissect_osd2_cdb_continuation function in epan/dissectors/packet-scsi-osd.c in the SCSI OSD dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted length field in a packet.