alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: alert when Detect suspicious Kerberos TGT requests. Once an attacer obtains a computer certificate by abusing Active Directory Cert
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect suspicious Kerberos TGT requests. Once an attacer obtains a computer certificate by abusing Active Directory Cert. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: PetitPotam Suspicious Kerberos TGT Request id: 6a53d871-682d-40b6-83e0-b7c1a6c4e3a5 status: test description: 'Detect suspicious Kerberos TGT requests. Once an attacer obtains a computer certificate by abusing Active Directory Certificate Services in combination with PetitPotam, the next step would be to leverage the certificate for malicious purposes. One way of doing this is to request a Kerberos Ticket Granting Ticket using a tool like Rubeus. This request will generate a 4768 event with some unusual fields depending on the environment. This analytic will require tuning, we recommend filtering Account_Name to the Domain Controller computer accounts. ' references: - https://github.com/topotam/PetitPotam - https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Active+Directory+Certificate+Services+ADCS+PKI+domain+admin+vulnerability/27668/ - https://github.com/splunk/security_content/blob/88d689fe8a055d8284337b9fad5d9152b42043db/detections/endpoint/petitpotam_suspicious_kerberos_tgt_request.yml author: Mauricio Velazco, Michael Haag date: 2021-09-02 modified: 2022-10-05 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1187 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The advanced audit policy setting "Account Logon > Kerberos Authentication Service" must be configured for Success/Failure detection: selection: EventID: 4768 TargetUserName|endswith: $ CertThumbprint|contains: '*' filter_local: IpAddress: ::1 filter_thumbprint: CertThumbprint: '' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - False positives are possible if the environment is using certificates for authentication. We recommend filtering Account_Name to the Domain Controller computer accounts. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation VAR+ Launcher - Security id: dcf2db1f-f091-425b-a821-c05875b8925a related: - id: 8ca7004b-e620-4ecb-870e-86129b5b8e75 type: derived status: test description: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Jonathan Cheong, oscd.community date: 2020-10-15 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The 'System Security Extension' audit subcategory need to be enabled to log the EID 4697 detection: selection: EventID: 4697 ServiceFileName|contains|all: - cmd - '"set' - -f ServiceFileName|contains: - /c - /r condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the addition of a key 'MiniNt' to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing event
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the addition of a key 'MiniNt' to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing event. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Disable Security Events Logging Adding Reg Key MiniNt id: 919f2ef0-be2d-4a7a-b635-eb2b41fde044 status: test description: Detects the addition of a key 'MiniNt' to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing events. references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1182516740955226112 - https://www.hackingarticles.in/defense-evasion-windows-event-logging-t1562-002/ author: Ilyas Ochkov, oscd.community date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 - attack.t1112 - car.2022-03-001 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: - TargetObject: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\MiniNt EventType: CreateKey - NewName: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\MiniNt condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects disabling of Multi Factor Authentication.. Logsource: m365 / audit. Rule: title: Disabling Multi Factor Authentication id: 60de9b57-dc4d-48b9-a6a0-b39e0469f876 status: test description: Detects disabling of Multi Factor Authentication. references: - https://research.splunk.com/cloud/c783dd98-c703-4252-9e8a-f19d9f5c949e/ author: Splunk Threat Research Team (original rule), Harjot Singh @cyb3rjy0t (sigma rule) date: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556.006 logsource: service: audit product: m365 detection: selection: Operation|contains: Disable Strong Authentication. condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: write Sigma for Detects a network connection initiated by the certutil.exe utility. Attackers can abuse the utility in order to download
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a network connection initiated by the certutil.exe utility. Attackers can abuse the utility in order to download. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Uncommon Network Connection Initiated By Certutil.EXE id: 0dba975d-a193-4ed1-a067-424df57570d1 status: test description: 'Detects a network connection initiated by the certutil.exe utility. Attackers can abuse the utility in order to download malware or additional payloads. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil author: frack113, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-02 modified: 2024-05-31 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \certutil.exe Initiated: 'true' DestinationPort: - 80 - 135 - 443 - 445 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Windows update errors including installation failures and connection issues. Defenders should observe this in ca. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Windows Update Error id: 13cfeb75-9e33-4d04-b0f7-ab8faaa95a59 status: stable description: 'Detects Windows update errors including installation failures and connection issues. Defenders should observe this in case critical update KBs aren''t installed. ' references: - https://github.com/nasbench/EVTX-ETW-Resources/blob/f1b010ce0ee1b71e3024180de1a3e67f99701fe4/ETWProvidersManifests/Windows10/1903/W10_1903_Pro_20200714_18362.959/WEPExplorer/Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient.xml author: frack113 date: 2021-12-04 modified: 2023-09-07 tags: - attack.impact - attack.resource-development - attack.t1584 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient EventID: - 16 - 20 - 24 - 213 - 217 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: informational
Query: what is T1518.001
Matching passage: T1518.001 Security Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as cloud monitoring agents and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for. It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software. Adversaries may also utilize the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) to discover cloud-native security software installed on compute infrastructure, such as the AWS CloudWatch agent, Azure VM Agent, and Google Cloud Monitor agent. These agents may collect metrics and logs from the VM, which may be centrally aggregated in a cloud-based monitoring platform.
Near-miss passage: T1518.002 Backup Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of backup software or configurations that are installed on a system. Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485), [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490), or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486). Commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), `reg query` with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), `dir` with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for, such as Veeam, Acronis, Dropbox, or Paragon.(Citation: Symantec Play Ransomware 2023)
Query: indicators of Clipboard Data
Matching passage: T1115 Clipboard Data. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may collect data stored in the clipboard from users copying information within or between applications. For example, on Windows adversaries can access clipboard data by using <code>clip.exe</code> or <code>Get-Clipboard</code>.(Citation: MSDN Clipboard)(Citation: clip_win_server)(Citation: CISA_AA21_200B) Additionally, adversaries may monitor then replace users’ clipboard with their data (e.g., [Transmitted Data Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1565/002)).(Citation: mining_ruby_reversinglabs) macOS and Linux also have commands, such as <code>pbpaste</code>, to grab clipboard contents.(Citation: Operating with EmPyre)
Near-miss passage: T1213.002 Sharepoint. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information. SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems. For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint: * Policies, procedures, and standards * Physical / logical network diagrams * System architecture diagrams * Technical system documentation * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)) * Work / project schedules * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources
Query: describe CVE-2015-8843
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8843. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. The Foxit Cloud Update Service (FoxitCloudUpdateService) in Foxit Reader 6.1 through 6.2.x and 7.x before 7.2.2, when an update to the Cloud plugin is available, allows local users to gain privileges by writing crafted data to a shared memory region, which triggers memory corruption.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1547. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.5. The NeXTDecode function in tif_next.c in LibTIFF allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (uninitialized memory access) via a crafted TIFF image, as demonstrated by libtiff5.tif.
Query: vulnerability: Integer underflow in Sandstorm Cap'n Proto before 0.4.1.1 and 0.5.x before 0.5.1.1 might allow remote peers to cause a denial of service or possibly obtain sensitive information fr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2311. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer underflow in Sandstorm Cap'n Proto before 0.4.1.1 and 0.5.x before 0.5.1.1 might allow remote peers to cause a denial of service or possibly obtain sensitive information from memory or execute arbitrary code via a crafted message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1208. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 5.5. Integer underflow in the mov_read_default function in libavformat/mov.c in FFmpeg before 2.4.6 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from heap and/or stack memory via a crafted MP4 file.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4163
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4163. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. GNTTABOP_swap_grant_ref in Xen 4.2 through 4.5 does not check the grant table operation version, which allows local guest domains to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via a hypercall without a GNTTABOP_setup_table or GNTTABOP_set_version.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2975. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Research Artisan Lite before 1.18 does not ensure that a user has authenticated, which allows remote attackers to perform unspecified actions via unknown vectors.
Query: vulnerability: Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the proxy endpoint (api/v1/proxy) in Apache Ambari before 2.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to conduct port scans and acce
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1775. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.5. Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the proxy endpoint (api/v1/proxy) in Apache Ambari before 2.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to conduct port scans and access unsecured services via a crafted REST call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8630. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The (1) kadm5_create_principal_3 and (2) kadm5_modify_principal functions in lib/kadm5/srv/svr_principal.c in kadmind in MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) 1.12.x and 1.13.x before 1.13.4 and 1.14.x before 1.14.1 allow remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and daemon crash) by specifying KADM5_POLICY with a NULL policy name.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-10044
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10044. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in gophergala sqldump. This vulnerability affects unknown code. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The patch is identified as 76db54e9073b5248b8863e71a63d66a32d567d21. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-218350 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4109. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the ratings module in the Users Ultra plugin before 1.5.16 for WordPress allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) data_target or (2) data_vote parameter in a rating_vote (wp_ajax_nopriv_rating_vote) action to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling PowerShell
Matching passage: T1059.001 PowerShell. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system.(Citation: TechNet PowerShell) Adversaries can use PowerShell to perform a number of actions, including discovery of information and execution of code. Examples include the <code>Start-Process</code> cmdlet which can be used to run an executable and the <code>Invoke-Command</code> cmdlet which runs a command locally or on a remote computer (though administrator permissions are required to use PowerShell to connect to remote systems). PowerShell may also be used to download and run executables from the Internet, which can be executed from disk or in memory without touching disk. A number of PowerShell-based offensive testing tools are available, including [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363), [PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194), [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378), and PSAttack.(Citation: Github PSAttack) PowerShell commands/scripts can also be executed without directly invoking the <code>powershell.exe</code> binary through interfaces to PowerShell's underlying <code>System.Management.Automation</code> assembly DLL exposed through the .NET framework and Windows Common Language Interface (CLI).(Citation: Sixdub PowerPick Jan 2016)(Citation: SilentBreak Offensive PS Dec 2015)(Citation: Microsoft PSfromCsharp APR 2014)
Near-miss passage: T1059.009 Cloud API. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.
Query: detection rule: Detects the pattern of a pipe name as used by the hack tool CoercedPotato
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the pattern of a pipe name as used by the hack tool CoercedPotato. Logsource: windows / pipe_created. Rule: title: HackTool - CoercedPotato Named Pipe Creation id: 4d0083b3-580b-40da-9bba-626c19fe4033 status: test description: Detects the pattern of a pipe name as used by the hack tool CoercedPotato references: - https://blog.hackvens.fr/articles/CoercedPotato.html - https://github.com/hackvens/CoercedPotato author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-10-11 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1055 logsource: product: windows category: pipe_created definition: Note that you have to configure logging for Named Pipe Events in Sysmon config (Event ID 17 and Event ID 18). The basic configuration is in popular sysmon configuration (https://github.com/SwiftOnSecurity/sysmon-config), but it is worth verifying. You can also use other repo, e.g. https://github.com/Neo23x0/sysmon-config, https://github.com/olafhartong/sysmon-modular. How to test detection? You can check powershell script from this site https://svch0st.medium.com/guide-to-named-pipes-and-hunting-for-cobalt-strike-pipes-dc46b2c5f575 detection: selection: PipeName|contains: \coerced\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects alternate PowerShell hosts potentially bypassing detections looking for powershell.exe. Logsource: windows / ps_module. Rule: title: Alternate PowerShell Hosts - PowerShell Module id: 64e8e417-c19a-475a-8d19-98ea705394cc status: test description: Detects alternate PowerShell hosts potentially bypassing detections looking for powershell.exe references: - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/190610-PwshAlternateHosts/notebook.html author: Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g date: 2019-08-11 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_module definition: 0ad03ef1-f21b-4a79-8ce8-e6900c54b65b detection: selection: ContextInfo|contains: '*' filter_powershell: ContextInfo|contains: - = powershell - = C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell - = C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell - = C:/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell - = C:/Windows/SysWOW64/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell - = \\\?\?\C:Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell - = \\\?\?\C:Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell filter_sdiagnhost: ContextInfo|contains: = C:\WINDOWS\System32\sdiagnhost.exe -Embedding filter_citrix: ContextInfo|contains: ConfigSyncRun.exe filter_adace: ContextInfo|contains: C:\Windows\system32\dsac.exe filter_winrm: ContextInfo|contains: C:\Windows\system32\wsmprovhost.exe -Embedding filter_help_update: Payload|contains: - Update-Help - Failed to update Help for the module condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Programs using PowerShell directly without invocation of a dedicated interpreter - MSP Detection Searcher - Citrix ConfigSync.ps1 level: medium
Query: alert when Detects "svchost.exe" spawning "rundll32.exe" with command arguments like C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects "svchost.exe" spawning "rundll32.exe" with command arguments like C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious WebDav Client Execution Via Rundll32.EXE id: 982e9f2d-1a85-4d5b-aea4-31f5e97c6555 status: test description: 'Detects "svchost.exe" spawning "rundll32.exe" with command arguments like C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie. This could be an indicator of exfiltration or use of WebDav to launch code (hosted on WebDav Server) or potentially a sign of exploitation of CVE-2023-23397 ' references: - https://twitter.com/aceresponder/status/1636116096506818562 - https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2023/03/exploiting-cve-2023-23397-microsoft-outlook-elevation-of-privilege-vulnerability/ - https://www.pwndefend.com/2023/03/15/the-long-game-persistent-hash-theft/ - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Figure-7-sample-webdav-process-create-event.png - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/03/24/guidance-for-investigating-attacks-using-cve-2023-23397/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-03-16 modified: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048.003 - cve.2023-23397 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \svchost.exe ParentCommandLine|contains: -s WebClient Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe CommandLine|contains: C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie CommandLine|re: ://\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3} filter_local_ips: CommandLine|contains: - ://10. - ://192.168. - ://172.16. - ://172.17. - ://172.18. - ://172.19. - ://172.20. - ://172.21. - ://172.22. - ://172.23. - ://172.24. - ://172.25. - ://172.26. - ://172.27. - ://172.28. - ://172.29. - ://172.30. - ://172.31. - ://127. - ://169.254. condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects attempts to create and/or add an account to the admin group, thus granting admin privileges.. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: User Added To Admin Group Via DseditGroup id: 5d0fdb62-f225-42fb-8402-3dfe64da468a status: test description: Detects attempts to create and/or add an account to the admin group, thus granting admin privileges. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/atomics/T1078.003/T1078.003.md#atomic-test-5---add-a-newexisting-user-to-the-admin-group-using-dseditgroup-utility---macos - https://ss64.com/osx/dseditgroup.html author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r) date: 2023-08-22 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: Image|endswith: /dseditgroup CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -o edit ' - ' -a ' - ' -t user' - admin condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium