alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma rule for Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: User Risk and MFA Registration Policy Updated id: d4c7758e-9417-4f2e-9109-6125d66dabef status: test description: 'Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass MFA, weaken security thresholds, facilitate further attacks, maintain persistence. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/howto-identity-protection-configure-mfa-policy - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/monitoring-health/reference-audit-activities author: Harjot Singh (@cyb3rjy0t) date: 2024-08-13 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: LoggedByService: AAD Management UX Category: Policy OperationName: Update User Risk and MFA Registration Policy condition: selection falsepositives: - Known updates by administrators. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects disabling of the Windows Defender feature of scanning for malware and other potentially unwanted software. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: Windows Defender Malware And PUA Scanning Disabled id: bc275be9-0bec-4d77-8c8f-281a2df6710f related: - id: fe34868f-6e0e-4882-81f6-c43aa8f15b62 type: obsolete status: stable description: Detects disabling of the Windows Defender feature of scanning for malware and other potentially unwanted software references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/troubleshoot-microsoft-defender-antivirus?view=o365-worldwide#event-id-5010 - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://craigclouditpro.wordpress.com/2020/03/04/hunting-malicious-windows-defender-activity/ author: Ján Trenčanský, frack113 date: 2020-07-28 modified: 2023-11-22 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: windefend detection: selection: EventID: 5010 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: explain CWE-401
Matching passage: CWE-401 Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime. The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.
Near-miss passage: CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion'). The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects Rclone config files being created
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Rclone config files being created. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Rclone Config File Creation id: 34986307-b7f4-49be-92f3-e7a4d01ac5db status: test description: Detects Rclone config files being created references: - https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/05/27/detecting-rclone-an-effective-tool-for-exfiltration/ author: Aaron Greetham (@beardofbinary) - NCC Group date: 2021-05-26 modified: 2023-05-09 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567.002 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \.config\rclone\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate Rclone usage level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects uncommon outbound network activity via Kerberos default port indicating possible lateral movement or first stage. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Uncommon Outbound Kerberos Connection - Security id: eca91c7c-9214-47b9-b4c5-cb1d7e4f2350 related: - id: e54979bd-c5f9-4d6c-967b-a04b19ac4c74 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects uncommon outbound network activity via Kerberos default port indicating possible lateral movement or first stage PrivEsc via delegation. ' references: - https://github.com/GhostPack/Rubeus author: Ilyas Ochkov, oscd.community date: 2019-10-24 modified: 2024-03-15 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.credential-access - attack.t1558.003 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 5156 DestPort: 88 filter_main_lsass: Application|startswith: - \device\harddiskvolume - 'C:' Application|endswith: \Windows\System32\lsass.exe filter_optional_chrome: Application|startswith: - \device\harddiskvolume - 'C:' Application|endswith: - \Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe - \Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe filter_optional_firefox: Application|startswith: - \device\harddiskvolume - 'C:' Application|endswith: - \Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe - \Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe filter_optional_tomcat: Application|endswith: \tomcat\bin\tomcat8.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Web Browsers and third party application might generate similar activity. An initial baseline is required. level: medium
Query: CWE for Insufficient Precision or Accuracy of a Real Number
Matching passage: CWE-1339 Insufficient Precision or Accuracy of a Real Number. The product processes a real number with an implementation in which the number's representation does not preserve required accuracy and precision in its fractional part, causing an incorrect result.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1248 Semiconductor Defects in Hardware Logic with Security-Sensitive Implications. The security-sensitive hardware module contains semiconductor defects.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of SharpEvtHook, a tool that tampers with the Windows event logs. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - SharpEvtMute Execution id: bedfc8ad-d1c7-4e37-a20e-e2b0dbee759c related: - id: 49329257-089d-46e6-af37-4afce4290685 type: similar status: test description: Detects the use of SharpEvtHook, a tool that tampers with the Windows event logs references: - https://github.com/bats3c/EvtMute author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-07 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \SharpEvtMute.exe - Description: SharpEvtMute - CommandLine|contains: - '--Filter "rule ' - --Encoded --Filter \" condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious command sequence that JexBoss. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: JexBoss Command Sequence id: 8ec2c8b4-557a-4121-b87c-5dfb3a602fae status: test description: Detects suspicious command sequence that JexBoss references: - https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/AR18-312A author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-08-24 modified: 2025-11-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.004 logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: '|all': - bash -c /bin/bash - '&/dev/tcp/' condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit The wp-slimstat (aka Slimstat Analytics) plugin before 4.1.6.1 for WordPress has XSS via an HTTP Referer header, or via a field associated with JavaScript-based Referer tracking.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9273. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The wp-slimstat (aka Slimstat Analytics) plugin before 4.1.6.1 for WordPress has XSS via an HTTP Referer header, or via a field associated with JavaScript-based Referer tracking.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10080. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability was found in NREL api-umbrella-web 0.7.1. It has been classified as problematic. This affects an unknown part of the component Admin Data Table Handler. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 0.8.0 is able to address this issue. The patch is named f53a9fb87e10c457f0f3dd4f2af24d3b2f21b3ca. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221487.
Query: explain CWE-374
Matching passage: CWE-374 Passing Mutable Objects to an Untrusted Method. The product sends non-cloned mutable data as an argument to a method or function.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1106 Insufficient Use of Symbolic Constants. The source code uses literal constants that may need to change or evolve over time, instead of using symbolic constants.
Query: detection engineering for Compromise Software Supply Chain
Matching passage: T1195.002 Compromise Software Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version. Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)
Near-miss passage: T1195.003 Compromise Hardware Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.
Query: privilege escalation using Application Shimming
Matching passage: T1546.011 Application Shimming. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Within the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. A list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in: * <code>%WINDIR%\AppPatch\sysmain.sdb</code> and * <code>hklm\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\appcompatflags\installedsdb</code> Custom databases are stored in: * <code>%WINDIR%\AppPatch\custom & %WINDIR%\AppPatch\AppPatch64\Custom</code> and * <code>hklm\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\appcompatflags\custom</code> To keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress). Utilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdo
Near-miss passage: T1546.005 Trap. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal. The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals. A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>. Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism. Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where "command list" will be executed when "signals" are received.(Citation: Trap Manual)(Citation: Cyberciti Trap Statements)
Query: incident response steps for Suspicious Exfiltration to Cloud Storage execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: Playbook for T1567.002 Exfiltration to Cloud Storage. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1567.002. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: exfiltration. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cove
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1567 Exfiltration Over Web Service. Different response path focused on exfiltration.
Query: CWE for Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm
Matching passage: CWE-303 Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm. The requirements for the product dictate the use of an established authentication algorithm, but the implementation of the algorithm is incorrect.
Near-miss passage: CWE-332 Insufficient Entropy in PRNG. The lack of entropy available for, or used by, a Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) can be a stability and security threat.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7044
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7044. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.599999904632568. The System Integrity Protection feature in Apple OS X before 10.11.2 mishandles union mounts, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app with root privileges.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7435. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 2.5. IBM Tivoli Common Reporting (TCR) 2.1 before IF14, 2.1.1 before IF22, 2.1.1.2 before IF9, 3.1.0.0 through 3.1.2 as used in Cognos Business Intelligence before 10.2 IF16, and 3.1.2.1 as used in Cognos Business Intelligence before 10.2.1.1 IF12 allows local users to bypass the Cognos Application Firewall (CAF) protection mechanism via leading whitespace in the BackURL field.
Query: risk of McAfee Enterprise Security Manager (ESM), Enterprise Security Manager/Log Manager (ESMLM), and Enterprise Security Manager/Receiver (ESMREC) 9.3.x before 9.3.2MR19, 9.4.x before 9.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8024. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. McAfee Enterprise Security Manager (ESM), Enterprise Security Manager/Log Manager (ESMLM), and Enterprise Security Manager/Receiver (ESMREC) 9.3.x before 9.3.2MR19, 9.4.x before 9.4.2MR9, and 9.5.x before 9.5.0MR8, when configured to use Active Directory or LDAP authentication sources, allow remote attackers to bypass authentication by logging in with the username "NGCP|NGCP|NGCP;" and any password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6396. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The CLI command parser on Cisco RV110W, RV130W, and RV215W devices allows local users to execute arbitrary shell commands as an administrator via crafted parameters, aka Bug IDs CSCuv90134, CSCux58161, and CSCux73567.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1285
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1285. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The XSSAuditor::canonicalize function in core/html/parser/XSSAuditor.cpp in the XSS auditor in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, does not properly choose a truncation point, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via an unspecified linear-time attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7456. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. IBM Spectrum Scale 4.1.1 before 4.1.1.4, and 4.2.0.0, allows remote authenticated users to discover object-storage admin passwords via unspecified vectors.
Query: detect Detects commonly-used chained commands and strings in the most recent 'url' value of the 'TypedPaths' key, which could b in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects commonly-used chained commands and strings in the most recent 'url' value of the 'TypedPaths' key, which could b. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: FileFix - Command Evidence in TypedPaths id: 4fee3d51-8069-4a4c-a0f7-924fcaff2c70 related: - id: 4be03877-d5b6-4520-85c9-a5911c0a656c type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects commonly-used chained commands and strings in the most recent ''url'' value of the ''TypedPaths'' key, which could be indicative of a user being targeted by the FileFix technique. ' references: - https://x.com/russianpanda9xx/status/1940831134759506029 - https://mrd0x.com/filefix-clickfix-alternative/ - https://www.scpx.com.au/2025/11/16/decades-old-finger-protocol-abused-in-clickfix-malware-attacks/ author: Alfie Champion (delivr.to), Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-07-05 modified: 2025-11-19 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1204.004 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_base: TargetObject|endswith: \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\TypedPaths\url1 Details|contains|all: - '#' - http selection_cmd: - Details|contains: - account - anti-bot - botcheck - captcha - challenge - confirmation - fraud - human - identification - identificator - identity - robot - validation - verification - verify - Details|contains: - '%comspec%' - bitsadmin - certutil - cmd - cscript - curl - finger - mshta - powershell - pwsh - regsvr32 - rundll32 - schtasks - wget - wscript condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Looks for potential enumeration of AWS buckets via ListBuckets.. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: Potential Bucket Enumeration on AWS id: f305fd62-beca-47da-ad95-7690a0620084 related: - id: 4723218f-2048-41f6-bcb0-417f2d784f61 type: similar status: test description: Looks for potential enumeration of AWS buckets via ListBuckets. references: - https://github.com/Lifka/hacking-resources/blob/c2ae355d381bd0c9f0b32c4ead049f44e5b1573f/cloud-hacking-cheat-sheets.md - https://jamesonhacking.blogspot.com/2020/12/pivoting-to-private-aws-s3-buckets.html - https://securitycafe.ro/2022/12/14/aws-enumeration-part-ii-practical-enumeration/ author: Christopher Peacock @securepeacock, SCYTHE @scythe_io date: 2023-01-06 modified: 2024-07-10 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1580 - attack.t1619 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: s3.amazonaws.com eventName: ListBuckets filter: userIdentity.type: AssumedRole condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Administrators listing buckets, it may be necessary to filter out users who commonly conduct this activity. level: low
Query: exploit In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a buffer over-read vulnerability exists in a TrustZone syscall.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9071. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a buffer over-read vulnerability exists in a TrustZone syscall.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6693. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The signatureSetSeedValue method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via crafted arguments, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6685, CVE-2015-6686, CVE-2015-6694, CVE-2015-6695, and CVE-2015-7622.
Query: risk of Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway X8.5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via invalid variables in an authentication packet, aka Bu
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4317. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway X8.5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via invalid variables in an authentication packet, aka Bug ID CSCuv40469.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4651. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. The dissect_wccp2r1_address_table_info function in epan/dissectors/packet-wccp.c in the WCCP dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.6 does not properly determine whether enough memory is available for storing IP address strings, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted packet.
Query: Sigma YAML for macos / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects enumeration of local or remote network services.. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: MacOS Network Service Scanning id: 84bae5d4-b518-4ae0-b331-6d4afd34d00f status: test description: Detects enumeration of local or remote network services. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1046/T1046.md author: Alejandro Ortuno, oscd.community date: 2020-10-21 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1046 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection_1: Image|endswith: - /nc - /netcat selection_2: Image|endswith: - /nmap - /telnet filter: CommandLine|contains: l condition: (selection_1 and not filter) or selection_2 falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects SyncAppvPublishingServer process execution which usually utilized by adversaries to bypass PowerShell execution. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: SyncAppvPublishingServer Execution to Bypass Powershell Restriction id: dddfebae-c46f-439c-af7a-fdb6bde90218 related: - id: fde7929d-8beb-4a4c-b922-be9974671667 type: derived - id: 9f7aa113-9da6-4a8d-907c-5f1a4b908299 type: derived status: test description: Detects SyncAppvPublishingServer process execution which usually utilized by adversaries to bypass PowerShell execution restrictions. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Syncappvpublishingserver/ author: Ensar Şamil, @sblmsrsn, OSCD Community date: 2020-10-05 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: SyncAppvPublishingServer.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - App-V clients level: medium
Query: risk of The ehci_process_itd function in hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c in QEMU allows local guest OS administrators to cause a denial of service (infinite loop and CPU consumption) via a circular isoc
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8558. CWE: CWE-835. CVSS: 5.5. The ehci_process_itd function in hw/usb/hcd-ehci.c in QEMU allows local guest OS administrators to cause a denial of service (infinite loop and CPU consumption) via a circular isochronous transfer descriptor (iTD) list.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8900. CWE: CWE-835. CVSS: 5.5. The ReadHDRImage function in coders/hdr.c in ImageMagick 6.x and 7.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted HDR file.