alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects the occurrence of numerous space characters in RunMRU registry paths, which may indicate execution via phishing
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the occurrence of numerous space characters in RunMRU registry paths, which may indicate execution via phishing. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Suspicious Space Characters in RunMRU Registry Path - ClickFix id: 7a1b4c5e-8f3d-4b9a-7c2e-1f4a5b8c6d9e related: - id: 3ae9974a-eb09-4044-8e70-8980a50c12c8 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the occurrence of numerous space characters in RunMRU registry paths, which may indicate execution via phishing lures using clickfix techniques to hide malicious commands in the Windows Run dialog box from naked eyes. ' references: - https://expel.com/blog/cache-smuggling-when-a-picture-isnt-a-thousand-words/ - https://github.com/JohnHammond/recaptcha-phish author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-11-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1204.004 - attack.t1027.010 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_key: TargetObject|contains: \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RunMRU\ Details|contains: '#' selection_space_variation: Details|contains: - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls to create or execute a scheduled task. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Remote Schedule Task Lateral Movement via ITaskSchedulerService id: ace3ff54-e7fd-46bd-8ea0-74b49a0aca1d status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls to create or execute a scheduled task references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-tsch/d1058a28-7e02-4948-8b8d-4a347fa64931 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-TSCH.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1053 - attack.t1053.002 logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:86d35949-83c9-4044-b424-db363231fd0c"' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 86d35949-83c9-4044-b424-db363231fd0c OpNum: - 1 - 3 - 4 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - 15 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Command and Scripting Interpreter
Matching passage: T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: Remote Shell Execution in Python)
Near-miss passage: T1059.008 Network Device CLI. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse scripting or built-in command line interpreters (CLI) on network devices to execute malicious command and payloads. The CLI is the primary means through which users and administrators interact with the device in order to view system information, modify device operations, or perform diagnostic and administrative functions. CLIs typically contain various permission levels required for different commands. Scripting interpreters automate tasks and extend functionality beyond the command set included in the network OS. The CLI and scripting interpreter are accessible through a direct console connection, or through remote means, such as telnet or [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). Adversaries can use the network CLI to change how network devices behave and operate. The CLI may be used to manipulate traffic flows to intercept or manipulate data, modify startup configuration parameters to load malicious system software, or to disable security features or logging to avoid detection.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution)
Query: alert when Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Msiexec Execute Arbitrary DLL id: 6f4191bb-912b-48a8-9ce7-682769541e6d status: test description: 'Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi) ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/msiexec - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1218.007/T1218.007.md - https://twitter.com/_st0pp3r_/status/1583914515996897281 author: frack113 date: 2022-01-16 modified: 2026-01-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.007 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \msiexec.exe CommandLine|contains|windash: ' /Y' filter_main_legit_path: CommandLine|contains: - \MsiExec.exe" /Y "C:\Program Files\ - \MsiExec.exe" /Y "C:\Program Files (x86)\ - \MsiExec.exe" /Y "C:\Windows\System32\ - \MsiExec.exe" /Y "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate script level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execition of commands and binaries from the context of The program compatibility assistant (Pcalua.exe). This ca. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Use of Pcalua For Execution id: 0955e4e1-c281-4fb9-9ee1-5ee7b4b754d2 related: - id: fa47597e-90e9-41cd-ab72-c3b74cfb0d02 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects execition of commands and binaries from the context of The program compatibility assistant (Pcalua.exe). This can be used as a LOLBIN in order to bypass application whitelisting. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Pcalua/ - https://pentestlab.blog/2020/07/06/indirect-command-execution/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), E.M. Anhaus (originally from Atomic Blue Detections, Endgame), oscd.community date: 2022-06-14 modified: 2023-01-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \pcalua.exe CommandLine|contains: ' -a' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use by a via a batch script or by an administrator. level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5811
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5811. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1495. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in Motorola Scanner SDK allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted string to the Open method in (1) IOPOSScanner.ocx or (2) IOPOSScale.ocx.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1211
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1211. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The OriginCanAccessServiceWorkers function in content/browser/service_worker/service_worker_dispatcher_host.cc in Google Chrome before 40.0.2214.111 on Windows, OS X, and Linux and before 40.0.2214.109 on Android does not properly restrict the URI scheme during a ServiceWorker registration, which allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a filesystem: URI.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2763. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Websense TRITON AP-EMAIL before 8.0.0 has unknown impact and attack vectors, related to port 17703.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Authentication Package
Matching passage: T1547.002 Authentication Package. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse authentication packages to execute DLLs when the system boots. Windows authentication package DLLs are loaded by the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. They provide support for multiple logon processes and multiple security protocols to the operating system.(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages) Adversaries can use the autostart mechanism provided by LSA authentication packages for persistence by placing a reference to a binary in the Windows Registry location <code>HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\</code> with the key value of <code>"Authentication Packages"=&lt;target binary&gt;</code>. The binary will then be executed by the system when the authentication packages are loaded.
Near-miss passage: T1547.006 Kernel Modules and Extensions. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot. Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) When used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0).(Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide) Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors, and enabling root access to non-privileged users.(Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview) Kernel extensions, also called kext, are used in macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. Since the kernel is responsible for enforcing security and the kernel extensions run as apart of the kernel, kexts are not governed by macOS security policies. Kexts are loaded and unloaded through <code>kextload</code> and <code>kextunload</code> commands. Kexts need to be signed with a developer ID that is granted privileges by Apple allowing it to sign Kernel extensions. Developers without these privileges may still sign kexts but they will not load unless SIP is disabled. If SIP is enabled, the kext signature is verified before being added to the AuxKC.(Citation: System and kernel extensions in macOS) Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated in favor of System Extensions. However, kexts are still allowed as "Legacy System Extensions" since there is no System Extension for Kernel Programming Interfaces.(Citation: Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation) Adversaries can use LKMs and kexts to conduct [Persistence](https
Query: detect Detects blocked load events that did not meet the authenticode signing level requirements or violated the code integrity in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects blocked load events that did not meet the authenticode signing level requirements or violated the code integrity. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Blocked Image/Driver Load For Policy Violation id: e4be5675-4a53-426a-8c81-a8bb2387e947 status: test description: Detects blocked load events that did not meet the authenticode signing level requirements or violated the code integrity policy. references: - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1590434950335320065 - https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-itpro-docs/blob/40fe118976734578f83e5e839b9c63ae7a4af82d/windows/security/threat-protection/windows-defender-application-control/event-id-explanations.md#windows-codeintegrity-operational-log - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-11-10 modified: 2023-06-07 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543 logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3077 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects calls to "LoadAssemblyFromPath" or "LoadAssemblyFromNS" that are part of the "CL_LoadAssembly.ps1" script. This. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Assembly Loading Via CL_LoadAssembly.ps1 id: c57872c7-614f-4d7f-a40d-b78c8df2d30d status: test description: Detects calls to "LoadAssemblyFromPath" or "LoadAssemblyFromNS" that are part of the "CL_LoadAssembly.ps1" script. This can be abused to load different assemblies and bypass App locker controls. references: - https://bohops.com/2018/01/07/executing-commands-and-bypassing-applocker-with-powershell-diagnostic-scripts/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Scripts/CL_LoadAssembly/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-05-21 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1216 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - 'LoadAssemblyFromPath ' - 'LoadAssemblyFromNS ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: detection rule: Detects known sensitive file extensions accessed on a network share
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects known sensitive file extensions accessed on a network share. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Suspicious Access to Sensitive File Extensions id: 91c945bc-2ad1-4799-a591-4d00198a1215 related: - id: 286b47ed-f6fe-40b3-b3a8-35129acd43bc type: similar status: test description: Detects known sensitive file extensions accessed on a network share references: - Internal Research author: Samir Bousseaden date: 2019-04-03 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1039 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 5145 RelativeTargetName|endswith: - .bak - .dmp - .edb - .kirbi - .msg - .nsf - .nst - .oab - .ost - .pst - .rdp condition: selection falsepositives: - Help Desk operator doing backup or re-imaging end user machine or backup software - Users working with these data types or exchanging message files level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading activity via the Aruba Networks Virtual Intranet Access "arubanetsvc.exe" process usin. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Aruba Network Service Potential DLL Sideloading id: 90ae0469-0cee-4509-b67f-e5efcef040f7 status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading activity via the Aruba Networks Virtual Intranet Access "arubanetsvc.exe" process using DLL Search Order Hijacking references: - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1616581559892545537?t=XLCBO9BziGzD7Bmbt8oMEQ&s=09 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-22 modified: 2023-03-15 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \arubanetsvc.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: - \wtsapi32.dll - \msvcr100.dll - \msvcp100.dll - \dbghelp.dll - \dbgcore.dll - \wininet.dll - \iphlpapi.dll - \version.dll - \cryptsp.dll - \cryptbase.dll - \wldp.dll - \profapi.dll - \sspicli.dll - \winsta.dll - \dpapi.dll filter: ImageLoaded|startswith: - C:\Windows\System32\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ - C:\Windows\WinSxS\ condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: common weakness: Exposure of Sensitive Information Through Data Queries
Matching passage: CWE-202 Exposure of Sensitive Information Through Data Queries. When trying to keep information confidential, an attacker can often infer some of the information by using statistics.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1314 Missing Write Protection for Parametric Data Values. The device does not write-protect the parametric data values for sensors that scale the sensor value, allowing untrusted software to manipulate the apparent result and potentially damage hardware or cause operational failure.
Query: explain CWE-1086
Matching passage: CWE-1086 Class with Excessive Number of Child Classes. A class contains an unnecessarily large number of children.
Near-miss passage: CWE-235 Improper Handling of Extra Parameters. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when the number of parameters, fields, or arguments with the same name exceeds the expected amount.
Query: rule covering Detects usage of a PowerShell command to dump the live memory of a Windows machine
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of a PowerShell command to dump the live memory of a Windows machine. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Live Memory Dump Using Powershell id: cd185561-4760-45d6-a63e-a51325112cae status: test description: Detects usage of a PowerShell command to dump the live memory of a Windows machine references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/storage/get-storagediagnosticinfo?view=windowsserver2022-ps author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-09-21 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - Get-StorageDiagnosticInfo - -IncludeLiveDump condition: selection falsepositives: - Diagnostics level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an executable, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for th. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Masquerading as Linux Crond Process id: 9d4548fa-bba0-4e88-bd66-5d5bf516cda0 status: test description: 'Masquerading occurs when the name or location of an executable, legitimate or malicious, is manipulated or abused for the sake of evading defenses and observation. Several different variations of this technique have been observed. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/8a82e9b66a5b4f4bc5b91089e9f24e0544f20ad7/atomics/T1036.003/T1036.003.md#atomic-test-2---masquerading-as-linux-crond-process author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2019-10-21 modified: 2023-08-22 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036.003 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection: type: execve a0: cp a1: /bin/sh a2|endswith: /crond condition: selection level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-7069
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7069. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Mobile Replayer in GPUTools Framework in Apple iOS before 9.2 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via an app that provides a crafted pathname, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7070.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8597. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Open redirect vulnerability in Blue Coat ProxySG 6.5 before 6.5.8.8 and 6.6 and Advanced Secure Gateway (ASG) 6.6 might allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a base64-encoded URL in conjunction with a "clear text" one in a coaching page, as demonstrated by "http://www.%humbug-URL%.local/bluecoat-splash-API?%BASE64-URL%."
Query: describe CVE-2015-7458
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7458. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Connections 3.0.1.1 and earlier, 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0 before CR4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors. IBM X-Force ID: 108354.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9321. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The shortcode-factory plugin before 1.1.1 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application cra
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4501. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7510. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the getpwnam and getgrnam functions of the NSS module nss-mymachines in systemd.
Query: risk of cifs-ao in the CIFS optimization functionality on Cisco Wide Area Application Service (WAAS) and Virtual WAAS (vWAAS) devices 5.x before 5.3.5d and 5.4 and 5.5 before 5.5.3 allows 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6421. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. cifs-ao in the CIFS optimization functionality on Cisco Wide Area Application Service (WAAS) and Virtual WAAS (vWAAS) devices 5.x before 5.3.5d and 5.4 and 5.5 before 5.5.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption and device reload) via crafted network traffic, aka Bug ID CSCus85330.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1622. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: risk of Kaseya Virtual System Administrator (VSA) 7.x before 7.0.0.33, 8.x before 8.0.0.23, 9.0 before 9.0.0.19, and 9.1 before 9.1.0.9 does not properly require authentication, which allo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6922. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Kaseya Virtual System Administrator (VSA) 7.x before 7.0.0.33, 8.x before 8.0.0.23, 9.0 before 9.0.0.19, and 9.1 before 9.1.0.9 does not properly require authentication, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and (1) add an administrative account via crafted request to LocalAuth/setAccount.aspx or (2) write to and execute arbitrary files via a full pathname in the PathData parameter to ConfigTab/uploader.aspx.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2033. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 10.0. Anyterm Daemon in Infoblox Network Automation NetMRI before NETMRI-23483 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges via a crafted terminal/anyterm-module request.