alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit Cisco Unified SIP 3905 phones allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption and functionality loss) via a large amount of network traffic, aka Bug ID CS
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6391. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco Unified SIP 3905 phones allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption and functionality loss) via a large amount of network traffic, aka Bug ID CSCuh51331.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6271. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE 2.1.0 through 2.4.3 and 2.5.0 on ASR 1000 devices, when NAT Application Layer Gateway is used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted SIP packet, aka Bug IDs CSCta74749 and CSCta77008.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2523
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2523. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Excel 2010 SP2, Excel 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, Excel for Mac 2011 and 2016, Office Compatibility Pack SP3, and Excel Viewer allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6073. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Microsoft Browser Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6068, CVE-2015-6072, CVE-2015-6075, CVE-2015-6077, CVE-2015-6079, CVE-2015-6080, and CVE-2015-6082.
Query: Sigma YAML for linux / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a new named pipe using the "mkfifo" utility. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Named Pipe Created Via Mkfifo id: 9d779ce8-5256-4b13-8b6f-b91c602b43f4 status: test description: Detects the creation of a new named pipe using the "mkfifo" utility references: - https://dev.to/0xbf/use-mkfifo-to-create-named-pipe-linux-tips-5bbk - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/barracuda-esg-exploited-globally author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-16 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /mkfifo condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "jamf" binary to create user accounts and run commands. For example, the binary can be abused b. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: JAMF MDM Execution id: be2e3a5c-9cc7-4d02-842a-68e9cb26ec49 status: test description: 'Detects execution of the "jamf" binary to create user accounts and run commands. For example, the binary can be abused by attackers on the system in order to bypass security controls or remove application control polices. ' references: - https://github.com/MythicAgents/typhon/ - https://www.zoocoup.org/casper/jamf_cheatsheet.pdf - https://docs.jamf.com/10.30.0/jamf-pro/administrator-guide/Components_Installed_on_Managed_Computers.html author: Jay Pandit date: 2023-08-22 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: Image|endswith: /jamf CommandLine|contains: - createAccount - manage - removeFramework - removeMdmProfile - resetPassword - setComputerName condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the JAMF CLI tool by IT support and administrators level: low
Query: intelligence brief on T1525
Matching passage: T1525 Implant Internal Image. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may implant cloud or container images with malicious code to establish persistence after gaining access to an environment. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be implanted or backdoored. Unlike [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), this technique focuses on adversaries implanting an image in a registry within a victim’s environment. Depending on how the infrastructure is provisioned, this could provide persistent access if the infrastructure provisioning tool is instructed to always use the latest image.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019) A tool has been developed to facilitate planting backdoors in cloud container images.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Backdoor September 2019) If an adversary has access to a compromised AWS instance, and permissions to list the available container images, they may implant a backdoor such as a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003).(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)
Near-miss passage: T1205.001 Port Knocking. Tactics: stealth, persistence, command and control. Description: Adversaries may use port knocking to hide open ports used for persistence or command and control. To enable a port, an adversary sends a series of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports. After the sequence is completed, opening a port is often accomplished by the host based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software. This technique has been observed both for the dynamic opening of a listening port as well as the initiating of a connection to a listening server on a different system. The observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.
Query: exploit Directory traversal vulnerability in the Management Server in Symantec Embedded Security: Critical System Protection (SES:CSP) 1.0.x before 1.0 MP5, Embedded Security: Critical Sys
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8798. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 8.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the Management Server in Symantec Embedded Security: Critical System Protection (SES:CSP) 1.0.x before 1.0 MP5, Embedded Security: Critical System Protection for Controllers and Devices (SES:CSP) 6.5.0 before MP1, Critical System Protection (SCSP) before 5.2.9 MP6, Data Center Security: Server Advanced Server (DCS:SA) 6.x before 6.5 MP1 and 6.6 before MP1, and Data Center Security: Server Advanced Server and Agents (DCS:SA) through 6.6 MP1 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7780. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in ManageEngine Firewall Analyzer before 8.0.
Query: weakness Improper Export of Android Application Components
Matching passage: CWE-926 Improper Export of Android Application Components. The Android application exports a component for use by other applications, but does not properly restrict which applications can launch the component or access the data it contains.
Near-miss passage: CWE-605 Multiple Binds to the Same Port. When multiple sockets are allowed to bind to the same port, other services on that port may be stolen or spoofed.
Query: EDR alert: possible Revert Cloud Instance (T1578.004)
Matching passage: T1578.004 Revert Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)
Near-miss passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Query: detect Detects the execution of the MSXSL utility. This can be used to execute Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files. Thes in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of the MSXSL utility. This can be used to execute Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files. Thes. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Msxsl.EXE Execution id: 9e50a8b3-dd05-4eb8-9153-bdb6b79d50b0 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of the MSXSL utility. This can be used to execute Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files. These files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application whitelisting defenses. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1220/T1220.md - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Msxsl/ author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2019-10-21 modified: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1220 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \msxsl.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Msxsl is not installed by default and is deprecated, so unlikely on most systems. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of "msedge_proxy.exe" to download arbitrary files. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Arbitrary File Download Via MSEDGE_PROXY.EXE id: e84d89c4-f544-41ca-a6af-4b92fd38b023 status: test description: Detects usage of "msedge_proxy.exe" to download arbitrary files references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/msedge_proxy/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \msedge_proxy.exe - OriginalFileName: msedge_proxy.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - http:// - https:// condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: detect Detects loaded unsigned image on the system in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects loaded unsigned image on the system. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Unsigned Image Loaded id: c92c24e7-f595-493f-9c98-53d5142f5c18 status: test description: Detects loaded unsigned image on the system references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-tag-explanations - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3037 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect change of the user account associated with the FAX service to avoid the escalation problem.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Change User Account Associated with the FAX Service id: e3fdf743-f05b-4051-990a-b66919be1743 status: test description: Detect change of the user account associated with the FAX service to avoid the escalation problem. references: - https://twitter.com/dottor_morte/status/1544652325570191361 - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RiccardoAncarani/talks/master/F-Secure/unorthodox-lateral-movement.pdf author: frack113 date: 2022-07-17 modified: 2022-12-30 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject: HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Fax\ObjectName filter: Details|contains: NetworkService condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: alert when Detects nltest commands that can be used for information discovery
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects nltest commands that can be used for information discovery. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Nltest.EXE Execution id: 903076ff-f442-475a-b667-4f246bcc203b related: - id: 5cc90652-4cbd-4241-aa3b-4b462fa5a248 type: similar - id: eeb66bbb-3dde-4582-815a-584aee9fe6d1 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects nltest commands that can be used for information discovery references: - https://jpcertcc.github.io/ToolAnalysisResultSheet/details/nltest.htm author: Arun Chauhan date: 2023-02-03 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1016 - attack.t1018 - attack.t1482 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \nltest.exe - OriginalFileName: nltestrk.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activity level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects instances where an SSH service on an OpenCanary node has had a login attempt.. Logsource: opencanary / application. Rule: title: OpenCanary - SSH Login Attempt id: ff7139bc-fdb1-4437-92f2-6afefe8884cb status: test description: Detects instances where an SSH service on an OpenCanary node has had a login attempt. references: - https://opencanary.readthedocs.io/en/latest/starting/configuration.html#services-configuration - https://github.com/thinkst/opencanary/blob/a0896adfcaf0328cfd5829fe10d2878c7445138e/opencanary/logger.py#L52 author: Security Onion Solutions date: 2024-03-08 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.lateral-movement - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1133 - attack.t1021 - attack.t1078 logsource: category: application product: opencanary detection: selection: logtype: 4002 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: weakness Use of Web Link to Untrusted Target with window.opener Access
Matching passage: CWE-1022 Use of Web Link to Untrusted Target with window.opener Access. The web application produces links to untrusted external sites outside of its sphere of control, but it does not properly prevent the external site from modifying security-critical properties of the window.opener object, such as the location property.
Near-miss passage: CWE-758 Reliance on Undefined, Unspecified, or Implementation-Defined Behavior. The product uses an API function, data structure, or other entity in a way that relies on properties that are not always guaranteed to hold for that entity.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_access
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: HackTool - HandleKatz Duplicating LSASS Handle id: b1bd3a59-c1fd-4860-9f40-4dd161a7d1f5 status: test description: Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles references: - https://github.com/codewhitesec/HandleKatz author: Bhabesh Raj (rule), @thefLinkk date: 2022-06-27 modified: 2023-11-28 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1106 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.credential-access logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection: TargetImage|endswith: \lsass.exe GrantedAccess: '0x1440' CallTrace|startswith: C:\Windows\System32\ntdll.dll+ CallTrace|contains: '|UNKNOWN(' CallTrace|endswith: ) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious VSFTPD error messages that indicate a fatal or suspicious error that could be caused by exploiting at. Logsource: linux / vsftpd. Rule: title: Suspicious VSFTPD Error Messages id: 377f33a1-4b36-4ee1-acee-1dbe4b43cfbe status: test description: Detects suspicious VSFTPD error messages that indicate a fatal or suspicious error that could be caused by exploiting attempts references: - https://github.com/dagwieers/vsftpd/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-07-05 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: product: linux service: vsftpd detection: keywords: - 'Connection refused: too many sessions for this address.' - 'Connection refused: tcp_wrappers denial.' - Bad HTTP verb. - port and pasv both active - pasv and port both active - Transfer done (but failed to open directory). - Could not set file modification time. - 'bug: pid active in ptrace_sandbox_free' - PTRACE_SETOPTIONS failure - 'weird status:' - couldn't handle sandbox event - syscall * out of bounds - 'syscall not permitted:' - 'syscall validate failed:' - Input line too long. - poor buffer accounting in str_netfd_alloc - vsf_sysutil_read_loop condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: risk of Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8451. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8045, CVE-2015-8047, CVE-2015-8060, CVE-2015-8408, CVE-2015-8416, CVE-2015-8417, CVE-2015-8418, CVE-2015-8419, CVE-2015-8443, CVE-2015-8444, and CVE-2015-8455.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5156. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The virtnet_probe function in drivers/net/virtio_net.c in the Linux kernel before 4.2 attempts to support a FRAGLIST feature without proper memory allocation, which allows guest OS users to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow and memory corruption) via a crafted sequence of fragmented packets.
Query: SIEM correlation: exfiltration activity consistent with Exfiltration to Code Repository
Matching passage: T1567.001 Exfiltration to Code Repository. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel. Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com). Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network.
Near-miss passage: T1567.002 Exfiltration to Cloud Storage. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Windows Management Instrumentation
Matching passage: T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads. WMI is designed for programmers and is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows systems.(Citation: WMI 1-3) WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components. The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) and [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).(Citation: WMI 1-3) Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.(Citation: WMI 1-3) (Citation: Mandiant WMI) An adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to execute various behaviors, such as gathering information for [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0007) as well as [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) of commands and payloads.(Citation: Mandiant WMI) For example, `wmic.exe` can be abused by an adversary to delete shadow copies with the command `wmic.exe Shadowcopy Delete` (i.e., [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)).(Citation: WMI 6) **Note:** `wmic.exe` is deprecated as of January of 2024, with the WMIC feature being “disabled by default” on Windows 11+. WMIC will be removed from subsequent Windows releases and replaced by [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) as the primary WMI interface.(Citation: WMI 7,8) In addition to PowerShell and tools like `wbemtool.exe`, COM APIs can also be used to programmatically interact with WMI via C++, .NET, VBScript, etc.(Citation: WMI 7,8)
Near-miss passage: T1651 Cloud Administration Command. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse cloud management services to execute commands within virtual machines. Resources such as AWS Systems Manager, Azure RunCommand, and Runbooks allow users to remotely run scripts in virtual machines by leveraging installed virtual machine agents. (Citation: AWS Systems Manager Run Command)(Citation: Microsoft Run Command) If an adversary gains administrative access to a cloud environment, they may be able to abuse cloud management services to execute commands in the environment’s virtual machines. Additionally, an adversary that compromises a service provider or delegated administrator account may similarly be able to leverage a [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) to execute commands in connected virtual machines.(Citation: MSTIC Nobelium Oct 2021)