alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma YAML for aws / cloudtrail
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects successful AWS console logins that were performed without Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). This alert can be u. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS Successful Console Login Without MFA id: 77caf516-34e5-4df9-b4db-20744fea0a60 status: experimental description: 'Detects successful AWS console logins that were performed without Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). This alert can be used to identify potential unauthorized access attempts, as logging in without MFA can indicate compromised credentials or misconfigured security settings. ' references: - https://securitylabs.datadoghq.com/cloud-security-atlas/vulnerabilities/iam-user-without-mfa/ - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-event-reference-aws-console-sign-in-events.html author: Thuya@Hacktilizer, Ivan Saakov date: 2025-10-18 modified: 2025-10-21 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventName: ConsoleLogin additionalEventData.MFAUsed: 'NO' responseElements.ConsoleLogin: Success condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of format.com with an uncommon filesystem selection that could indicate a defense evasion activity. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon FileSystem Load Attempt By Format.com id: 9fb6b26e-7f9e-4517-a48b-8cac4a1b6c60 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of format.com with an uncommon filesystem selection that could indicate a defense evasion activity in which "format.com" is used to load malicious DLL files or other programs. ' references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1477925112561209344 - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1478011052130459653?s=20 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-04 modified: 2024-05-13 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \format.com CommandLine|contains: '/fs:' filter_main_known_fs: CommandLine|contains: - /fs:exFAT - /fs:FAT - /fs:NTFS - /fs:ReFS - /fs:UDF condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: intelligence brief on T1590.005
Matching passage: T1590.005 IP Addresses. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Near-miss passage: T1590.003 Network Trust Dependencies. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-10059
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10059. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability has been found in s134328 Webapplication-Veganguide and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file p05-integration/app/shared/api/apiService.js. The manipulation of the argument country/city leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is 2aa760fa4e779e40a28206a32ac22ac10356f519. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218416.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0072. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy and inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors involving an IFRAME element that triggers a redirect, a second IFRAME element that does not trigger a redirect, and an eval of a WindowProxy object, aka "Universal XSS (UXSS)."
Query: Sigma rule for Detects file renames where the target filename uses an uncommon double extension. Could indicate potential ransomware ac
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects file renames where the target filename uses an uncommon double extension. Could indicate potential ransomware ac. Logsource: windows / file_rename. Rule: title: Suspicious Appended Extension id: e3f673b3-65d1-4d80-9146-466f8b63fa99 status: test description: Detects file renames where the target filename uses an uncommon double extension. Could indicate potential ransomware activity renaming files and adding a custom extension to the encrypted files, such as ".jpg.crypted", ".docx.locky", etc. references: - https://app.any.run/tasks/d66ead5a-faf4-4437-93aa-65785afaf9e5/ - https://blog.cyble.com/2022/08/10/onyx-ransomware-renames-its-leak-site-to-vsop/ author: frack113 date: 2022-07-16 modified: 2023-11-11 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1486 logsource: product: windows category: file_rename definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-File Provider with at least the KERNEL_FILE_KEYWORD_RENAME_SETLINK_PATH keyword' detection: selection: SourceFilename|endswith: - .doc - .docx - .jpeg - .jpg - .lnk - .pdf - .png - .pst - .rtf - .xls - .xlsx TargetFilename|contains: - .doc. - .docx. - .jpeg. - .jpg. - .lnk. - .pdf. - .png. - .pst. - .rtf. - .xls. - .xlsx. filter_main_generic: TargetFilename|endswith: - .backup - .bak - .old - .orig - .temp - .tmp filter_optional_anaconda: TargetFilename|contains: :\ProgramData\Anaconda3\ TargetFilename|endswith: .c~ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Backup software level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects commandline keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory re. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - WinPwn Execution id: d557dc06-62e8-4468-a8e8-7984124908ce related: - id: 851fd622-b675-4d26-b803-14bc7baa517a type: similar status: test description: 'Detects commandline keywords indicative of potential usge of the tool WinPwn. A tool for Windows and Active Directory reconnaissance and exploitation. ' author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-12-04 references: - https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/WinPwn - https://www.publicnow.com/view/EB87DB49C654D9B63995FAD4C9DE3D3CC4F6C3ED?1671634841 - https://reconshell.com/winpwn-tool-for-internal-windows-pentesting-and-ad-security/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/4d6c4e8e23d465af7a2388620cfe3f8c76e16cf0/atomics/T1082/T1082.md - https://grep.app/search?q=winpwn&filter[repo][0]=redcanaryco/atomic-red-team tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.discovery - attack.execution - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1046 - attack.t1082 - attack.t1106 - attack.t1518 - attack.t1548.002 - attack.t1552.001 - attack.t1555 - attack.t1555.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - Offline_Winpwn - 'WinPwn ' - WinPwn.exe - WinPwn.ps1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5575. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5577, CVE-2015-5578, CVE-2015-5580, CVE-2015-5582, CVE-2015-5588, and CVE-2015-6677.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5772. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in SceneKit in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Collada file.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Mail Protocols
Matching passage: T1071.003 Mail Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments. Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: FireEye APT28)
Near-miss passage: T1071.001 Web Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments. HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.
Query: exploit The TCP implementation in the kernel in Apple iOS before 8.3, Apple OS X before 10.10.3, and Apple TV before 7.2 does not properly implement the Urgent (aka out-of-band data) mecha
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1105. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The TCP implementation in the kernel in Apple iOS before 8.3, Apple OS X before 10.10.3, and Apple TV before 7.2 does not properly implement the Urgent (aka out-of-band data) mechanism, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted packets.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2463. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, Office 2007 SP3 and 2010 SP2, Live Meeting 2007 Console, Lync 2010, Lync 2010 Attendee, Lync 2013 SP1, Lync Basic 2013 SP1, Silverlight before 5.1.40728, and .NET Framework 3.0 SP2, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, and 4.6 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TrueType font, aka "TrueType Font Parsing Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2464.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects when multi-factor authentication (MFA) is disabled.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when multi-factor authentication (MFA) is disabled.. Logsource: gcp / google_workspace.admin. Rule: title: Google Workspace MFA Disabled id: 780601d1-6376-4f2a-884e-b8d45599f78c status: test description: Detects when multi-factor authentication (MFA) is disabled. references: - https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging#3 - https://developers.google.com/admin-sdk/reports/v1/appendix/activity/admin-security-settings#ENFORCE_STRONG_AUTHENTICATION - https://developers.google.com/admin-sdk/reports/v1/appendix/activity/admin-security-settings?hl=en#ALLOW_STRONG_AUTHENTICATION author: Austin Songer date: 2021-08-26 modified: 2023-10-11 tags: - attack.impact logsource: product: gcp service: google_workspace.admin detection: selection_base: eventService: admin.googleapis.com eventName: - ENFORCE_STRONG_AUTHENTICATION - ALLOW_STRONG_AUTHENTICATION selection_eventValue: new_value: 'false' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - MFA may be disabled and performed by a system administrator. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing wh. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Python Function Execution Security Warning Disabled In Excel - Registry id: 17e53739-a1fc-4a62-b1b9-87711c2d5e44 related: - id: 023c654f-8f16-44d9-bb2b-00ff36a62af9 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing when Python functions are about to be executed. Threat actors could run malicious code through the new Microsoft Excel feature that allows Python to run within the spreadsheet. ' references: - https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/data-security-and-python-in-excel-33cc88a4-4a87-485e-9ff9-f35958278327 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), @Kostastsale date: 2024-08-23 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Office\ TargetObject|endswith: \Excel\Security\PythonFunctionWarnings Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: alert when Detects extraction of files with usage of steghide binary, the adversaries may use this technique to prevent the detecti
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects extraction of files with usage of steghide binary, the adversaries may use this technique to prevent the detecti. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Steganography Extract Files with Steghide id: a5a827d9-1bbe-4952-9293-c59d897eb41b status: test description: Detects extraction of files with usage of steghide binary, the adversaries may use this technique to prevent the detection of hidden information. references: - https://vitux.com/how-to-hide-confidential-files-in-images-on-debian-using-steganography/ author: Pawel Mazur date: 2021-09-11 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.003 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection: type: EXECVE a0: steghide a1: extract a2: -sf a3|endswith: - .jpg - .png condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy the execution of malicious payloads. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious MsiExec Embedding Parent id: 4a2a2c3e-209f-4d01-b513-4155a540b469 status: test description: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy the execution of malicious payloads references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1218.007/T1218.007.md author: frack113 date: 2022-04-16 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.007 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \cmd.exe ParentCommandLine|contains|all: - MsiExec.exe - '-Embedding ' filter_splunk_ufw: Image|endswith: :\Windows\System32\cmd.exe CommandLine|contains: C:\Program Files\SplunkUniversalForwarder\bin\ filter_vs: - CommandLine|contains: \DismFoDInstall.cmd - ParentCommandLine|contains|all: - '\MsiExec.exe -Embedding ' - Global\MSI0000 condition: selection and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1043
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1043. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The Host Guest File System (HGFS) in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.5, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.5, and VMware Fusion 6.x before 6.0.5 and 7.x before 7.0.1 allows guest OS users to cause a guest OS denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3204. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. libreswan 3.9 through 3.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon restart) via an IKEv1 packet with (1) unassigned bits set in the IPSEC DOI value or (2) the next payload value set to ISAKMP_NEXT_SAK.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3723
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3723. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. CoreGraphics in Apple iOS before 8.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted ICC profile in a PDF document, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3724.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2869. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. The FileInfo plugin before 2.22 for Ghisler Total Commander allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via (1) a large Size value in the Archive Member Header of a COFF Archive Library file, (2) a large Number Of Symbols value in the 1st Linker Member of a COFF Archive Library file, (3) a large Resource Table Count value in the LE Header of a Linear Executable file, or (4) a large value in a certain Object field in a Resource Table Entry in a Linear Executable file.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7312
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7312. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 4.400000095367432. Multiple race conditions in the Advanced Union Filesystem (aufs) aufs3-mmap.patch and aufs4-mmap.patch patches for the Linux kernel 3.x and 4.x allow local users to cause a denial of service (use-after-free and BUG) or possibly gain privileges via a (1) madvise or (2) msync system call, related to mm/madvise.c and mm/msync.c.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0654. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Race condition in the TLS implementation in MainApp in the management interface in Cisco Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) Software before 7.3(3)E4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process hang) by establishing many HTTPS sessions, aka Bug ID CSCuq40652.
Query: vulnerability: Cybozu Office 9.9.0 through 10.3.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and read arbitrary report titles via unspecified vectors, a different vu
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8486. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cybozu Office 9.9.0 through 10.3.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and read arbitrary report titles via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8484, CVE-2015-8485, and CVE-2016-1152.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8577. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. The Buffer Overflow Protection (BOP) feature in McAfee VirusScan Enterprise before 8.8 Patch 6 allocates memory with Read, Write, Execute (RWX) permissions at predictable addresses on 32-bit platforms when protecting another application, which allows attackers to bypass the DEP and ASLR protection mechanisms via unspecified vectors.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5721
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5721. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Malware Information Sharing Platform (MISP) before 2.3.90 allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks via crafted serialized data, related to TemplatesController.php and populate_event_from_template_attributes.ctp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5643. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The installer in ICZ MATCHA INVOICE before 2.5.7 does not properly configure the database, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors.
Query: how to detect SSH
Matching passage: T1021.004 SSH. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers. Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it. On ESXi, SSH can be enabled either directly on the host (e.g., via `vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh`) or via vCenter.(Citation: Sygnia ESXi Ransomware 2025)(Citation: TrendMicro ESXI Ransomware)(Citation: Sygnia Abyss Locker 2025) The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password. In this authentication scenario, the user’s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user (i.e., [SSH Authorized Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/004)).
Near-miss passage: T1021.008 Direct Cloud VM Connections. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods. Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager). Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys. These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access. Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)).