alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in the d2i_ECPrivateKey function in crypto/ec/ec_asn1.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zf, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0r, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1m, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a mi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0209. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the d2i_ECPrivateKey function in crypto/ec/ec_asn1.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zf, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0r, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1m, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a malformed Elliptic Curve (EC) private-key file that is improperly handled during import.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3707. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The FireWire driver in IOFireWireFamily in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via a crafted app.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8920
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8920. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 5.5. The _ar_read_header function in archive_read_support_format_ar.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds stack read) via a crafted ar file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8783. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 6.5. tif_luv.c in libtiff allows attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds reads) via a crafted TIFF image.
Query: write Sigma for Detects the creation of a registry hive file (UsrClass.dat or NTUSER.DAT) outside of the standard user profile path. The
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a registry hive file (UsrClass.dat or NTUSER.DAT) outside of the standard user profile path. The. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Registry Hive File Staged Outside Standard User Profile Path id: a7f3c891-2e4d-4b6a-9f8c-d5e2a1b04c73 status: experimental description: 'Detects the creation of a registry hive file (UsrClass.dat or NTUSER.DAT) outside of the standard user profile path. These files generally contain various user-specific registry settings and are typically located in the user''s profile directory. Staging these files outside of the standard path can be indicative of an attacker attempting to manipulate user registry settings for persistence, privilege escalation, or dump user registry hives for credential harvesting. ' references: - https://github.com/MSNightmare/LegacyHive - https://git.projectnightcrawler.dev/NightmareEclipse/LegacyHive author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2026-07-23 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548 - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: - \UsrClass.dat - \NTUSER.DAT filter_main_usrclass: TargetFilename|endswith: \AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat filter_main_ntuser: TargetFilename|re|i: ^C:\\Users\\[^\\]+\\NTUSER\.DAT$ filter_main_system: TargetFilename|startswith: - C:\Windows\System32\config\ - C:\Windows\SYSVOL\ - C:\Windows\ServiceProfiles\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Backup or profile migration software - Forensic acquisition tools level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_susp_registry_hive_file_creation/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PAExec service installation. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: PAExec Service Installation id: de7ce410-b3fb-4e8a-b38c-3b999e2c3420 status: test description: Detects PAExec service installation references: - https://www.poweradmin.com/paexec/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-26 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_eid: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 selection_image: - ServiceName|startswith: PAExec- - ImagePath|startswith: C:\WINDOWS\PAExec- condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6307
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6307. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cisco FirePOWER (formerly Sourcefire) 7000 and 8000 devices with software 5.4.0.1 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (inspection-engine outage) via crafted packets, aka Bug ID CSCuu10871.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1079. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: SIEM correlation: defense impairment activity consistent with Network Device Firewall
Matching passage: T1686.002 Network Device Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable network device-based firewall mechanisms entirely or add, delete, or modify particular rules in order to bypass controls limiting network usage. Adversaries may obtain access to devices such as routers, switches, or other perimeter/network devices and change access control lists (ACLs), security zones, or policy rules to permit otherwise blocked traffic. For example, adversaries may add new network firewall rules to allow access to all internal network subnets without restrictions. Allowing access to internal network subsets may enable unrestricted inbound/outbound connectivity or open paths for command and control and lateral movement. Adversaries may obtain access to network device management interfaces via [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or by exploiting vulnerabilities. In some cases, threat actors may target firewalls and other network infrastructure that are exposed to the internet by leveraging weaknesses in public-facing applications ([Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).(Citation: CVE-2024-55591 Detail) Adversaries may also modify host networking configurations that indirectly manipulate system firewalls, such as adjusting interface bandwidth or network connection request thresholds.
Near-miss passage: T1686.001 Cloud Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources. Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols. An adversary with appropriate permissions may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment and/or move laterally from the cloud control plane to the data plane. For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups (or creates new security groups entirely) to allow any TCP/IP connectivity to a cloud-hosted instance. They may also remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)(Citation: Expel AWS)
Query: rule covering Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack.. Logsource: azure / pim. Rule: title: Roles Assigned Outside PIM id: b1bc08d1-8224-4758-a0e6-fbcfc98c73bb status: test description: Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/privileged-identity-management/pim-how-to-configure-security-alerts#roles-are-being-assigned-outside-of-privileged-identity-management author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-14 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: azure service: pim detection: selection: riskEventType: rolesAssignedOutsidePrivilegedIdentityManagementAlertConfiguration condition: selection falsepositives: - Investigate where users are being assigned privileged roles outside of Privileged Identity Management and prohibit future assignments from there. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects successful logon from public IP address via SMB. This can indicate a publicly-exposed SMB port.. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: External Remote SMB Logon from Public IP id: 78d5cab4-557e-454f-9fb9-a222bd0d5edc related: - id: 259a9cdf-c4dd-4fa2-b243-2269e5ab18a2 type: derived status: test description: Detects successful logon from public IP address via SMB. This can indicate a publicly-exposed SMB port. references: - https://www.inversecos.com/2020/04/successful-4624-anonymous-logons-to.html - https://twitter.com/Purp1eW0lf/status/1616144561965002752 author: Micah Babinski (@micahbabinski), Zach Mathis (@yamatosecurity) date: 2023-01-19 modified: 2024-03-11 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1133 - attack.t1078 - attack.t1110 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 3 filter_main_local_ranges: IpAddress|cidr: - ::1/128 - 10.0.0.0/8 - 127.0.0.0/8 - 172.16.0.0/12 - 192.168.0.0/16 - 169.254.0.0/16 - fc00::/7 - fe80::/10 filter_main_empty: IpAddress: '-' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate or intentional inbound connections from public IP addresses on the SMB port. level: high
Query: risk of Cisco Prime Collaboration Assurance 10.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (HTTP service outage) via a crafted HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCum38844.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4280. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco Prime Collaboration Assurance 10.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (HTTP service outage) via a crafted HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCum38844.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1072. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: how to detect Log Enumeration
Matching passage: T1654 Log Enumeration. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may enumerate system and service logs to find useful data. These logs may highlight various types of valuable insights for an adversary, such as user authentication records ([Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087)), security or vulnerable software ([Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518)), or hosts within a compromised network ([Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018)). Host binaries may be leveraged to collect system logs. Examples include using `wevtutil.exe` or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) on Windows to access and/or export security event information.(Citation: WithSecure Lazarus-NoPineapple Threat Intel Report 2023)(Citation: Cadet Blizzard emerges as novel threat actor) In cloud environments, adversaries may leverage utilities such as the Azure VM Agent’s `CollectGuestLogs.exe` to collect security logs from cloud hosted infrastructure.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) Adversaries may also target centralized logging infrastructure such as SIEMs. Logs may also be bulk exported and sent to adversary-controlled infrastructure for offline analysis. In addition to gaining a better understanding of the environment, adversaries may also monitor logs in real time to track incident response procedures. This may allow them to adjust their techniques in order to maintain persistence or evade defenses.(Citation: Permiso GUI-Vil 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1615 Group Policy Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may gather information on Group Policy settings to identify paths for privilege escalation, security measures applied within a domain, and to discover patterns in domain objects that can be manipulated or used to blend in the environment. Group Policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). Group policy objects (GPOs) are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\<DOMAIN>\SYSVOL\<DOMAIN>\Policies\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) Adversaries may use commands such as <code>gpresult</code> or various publicly available PowerShell functions, such as <code>Get-DomainGPO</code> and <code>Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup</code>, to gather information on Group Policy settings.(Citation: Microsoft gpresult)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire) Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining potential attack paths within the target network as well as opportunities to manipulate Group Policy settings (i.e. [Domain or Tenant Policy Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484)) for their benefit.
Query: vulnerability: HP ArcSight Logger 6.0.0.7307.1, ArcSight Command Center 6.8.0.1896.0, and ArcSight Connector Appliance 6.4.0.6881.3 use the root account to execute files owned by the arcsight use
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6030. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. HP ArcSight Logger 6.0.0.7307.1, ArcSight Command Center 6.8.0.1896.0, and ArcSight Connector Appliance 6.4.0.6881.3 use the root account to execute files owned by the arcsight user, which might allow local users to gain privileges by leveraging arcsight account access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0223. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Apache Qpid 0.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions on qpidd via unknown vectors, related to 0-10 connection handling.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2450
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2450. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2451.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7937. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Stack-based buffer overflow in the GoAhead Web Server on Schneider Electric Modicon M340 PLC BMXNOx and BMXPx devices allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long password in HTTP Basic Authentication data.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1702
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1702. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. The Service Control Manager (SCM) in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly constrain impersonation levels, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Service Control Manager Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0054. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1441
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1441. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Piwigo before 2.5.6, 2.6.x before 2.6.5, and 2.7.x before 2.7.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7725. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Web-based Development Workbench in SAP HANA DB 1.00.091.00.1418659308 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) remoteSourceName in the dropCredentials function or unspecified vectors in the (2) setTraceLevelsForXsApps, (3) _modifyUser, or (4) _newUser function, aka SAP Security Notes 2153898 and 2153765.
Query: hunt for Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion activity
Matching passage: T1497 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)
Near-miss passage: T1497.003 Time Based Checks. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect virtualization and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock. Adversaries may use calls like `GetTickCount` and `GetSystemTimeAsFileTime` to discover if they are operating within a virtual machine or sandbox, or may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in pfSense before 2.2.3 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the descr parameter in a "new" action to system_
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6508. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in pfSense before 2.2.3 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the descr parameter in a "new" action to system_authservers.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4388. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Current Search Links module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal, when the "Append the keywords passed by the user to the list" option is disabled, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted search query.
Query: threat report mentioning External Defacement
Matching passage: T1491.002 External Defacement. Tactics: impact. Description: An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users. [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system’s integrity. Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site) [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government. Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation: Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement)
Near-miss passage: T1491 Defacement. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may modify visual content available internally or externally to an enterprise network, thus affecting the integrity of the original content. Reasons for [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) include delivering messaging, intimidation, or claiming (possibly false) credit for an intrusion. Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages.
Query: Sigma rule for Identifies an event where there are there are too many accounts assigned the Global Administrator role.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies an event where there are there are too many accounts assigned the Global Administrator role.. Logsource: azure / pim. Rule: title: Too Many Global Admins id: 7bbc309f-e2b1-4eb1-8369-131a367d67d3 status: test description: Identifies an event where there are there are too many accounts assigned the Global Administrator role. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/privileged-identity-management/pim-how-to-configure-security-alerts#there-are-too-many-global-administrators author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-14 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: azure service: pim detection: selection: riskEventType: tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident condition: selection falsepositives: - Investigate if threshold setting in PIM is too low. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potentially suspicious file downloads directly from IP addresses using curl.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious File Download From IP Via Curl.EXE id: 5cb299fc-5fb1-4d07-b989-0644c68b6043 status: test description: Detects potentially suspicious file downloads directly from IP addresses using curl.exe references: - https://labs.withsecure.com/publications/fin7-target-veeam-servers - https://github.com/WithSecureLabs/iocs/blob/344203de742bb7e68bd56618f66d34be95a9f9fc/FIN7VEEAM/iocs.csv - https://github.com/pr0xylife/IcedID/blob/8dd1e218460db4f750d955b4c65b2f918a1db906/icedID_09.28.2023.txt author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-27 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \curl.exe - OriginalFileName: curl.exe selection_ip: CommandLine|re: ://[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3} selection_http: CommandLine|contains: http selection_flag: CommandLine|contains: - ' -O' - --remote-name - --output selection_ext: CommandLine|endswith: - .bat - .bat" - .dat - .dat" - .dll - .dll" - .exe - .exe" - .gif - .gif" - .hta - .hta" - .jpeg - .jpeg" - .log - .log" - .msi - .msi" - .png - .png" - .ps1 - .ps1" - .psm1 - .psm1" - .vbe - .vbe" - .vbs - .vbs" - .bat' - .dat' - .dll' - .exe' - .gif' - .hta' - .jpeg' - .log' - .msi' - .png' - .ps1' - .psm1' - .vbe' - .vbs' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_curl_download_direct_ip_susp_extensions/info.yml