alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2626
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2626. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in the Data Store component in Oracle Berkeley DB 11.2.5.1.29, 11.2.5.2.42, 11.2.5.3.28, and 12.1.6.0.35 allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2583, CVE-2015-2624, CVE-2015-2640, CVE-2015-2654, CVE-2015-2656, CVE-2015-4754, CVE-2015-4764, CVE-2015-4775, CVE-2015-4776, CVE-2015-4777, CVE-2015-4778, CVE-2015-4780, CVE-2015-4781, CVE-2015-4782, CVE-2015-4783, CVE-2015-4784, CVE-2015-4785, CVE-2015-4786, CVE-2015-4787, CVE-2015-4789, and CVE-2015-4790.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0511. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.799999952316284. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.23 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : SP.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects loading of "Amsi.dll" by a living of the land process. This could be an indication of a "PowerShell without Powe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects loading of "Amsi.dll" by a living of the land process. This could be an indication of a "PowerShell without Powe. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Amsi.DLL Loaded Via LOLBIN Process id: 6ec86d9e-912e-4726-91a2-209359b999b9 status: test description: Detects loading of "Amsi.dll" by a living of the land process. This could be an indication of a "PowerShell without PowerShell" attack references: - Internal Research - https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/security-operations/stopping-powershell-without-powershell/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-01 modified: 2025-10-07 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \amsi.dll Image|endswith: - \ExtExport.exe - \odbcconf.exe - \rundll32.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of the PowerShell console History logs which may indicate an attempt to destroy forensic evidence. Logsource: windows / file_delete. Rule: title: PowerShell Console History Logs Deleted id: ff301988-c231-4bd0-834c-ac9d73b86586 status: test description: Detects the deletion of the PowerShell console History logs which may indicate an attempt to destroy forensic evidence references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-15 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070 logsource: category: file_delete product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: \PSReadLine\ConsoleHost_history.txt condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: adversary uses Network Provider DLL
Matching passage: T1556.008 Network Provider DLL. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may register malicious network provider dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to capture cleartext user credentials during the authentication process. Network provider DLLs allow Windows to interface with specific network protocols and can also support add-on credential management functions.(Citation: Network Provider API) During the logon process, Winlogon (the interactive logon module) sends credentials to the local `mpnotify.exe` process via RPC. The `mpnotify.exe` process then shares the credentials in cleartext with registered credential managers when notifying that a logon event is happening.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)(Citation: NPPSPY Video)(Citation: NPLogonNotify) Adversaries can configure a malicious network provider DLL to receive credentials from `mpnotify.exe`.(Citation: NPPSPY) Once installed as a credential manager (via the Registry), a malicious DLL can receive and save credentials each time a user logs onto a Windows workstation or domain via the `NPLogonNotify()` function.(Citation: NPLogonNotify) Adversaries may target planting malicious network provider DLLs on systems known to have increased logon activity and/or administrator logon activity, such as servers and domain controllers.(Citation: NPPSPY - Huntress)
Near-miss passage: T1556.002 Password Filter DLL. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated. Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)
Query: vulnerability: Buffer overflow in the lldp_decode function in daemon/protocols/lldp.c in lldpd before 0.8.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) and possibly execut
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8011. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Buffer overflow in the lldp_decode function in daemon/protocols/lldp.c in lldpd before 0.8.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via vectors involving large management addresses and TLV boundaries.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2099. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Multiple buffer overflows in WebGate Control Center allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors to the (1) GetRecFileInfo function in the FileConverter.FileConverterCtrl.1 control, (2) Login function in the LoginContoller.LoginControllerCtrl.1 control, or (3) GetThumbnail function in the WESPPlayback.WESPPlaybackCtrl.1 control.
Query: risk of afpserver in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3674. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. afpserver in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5871. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5872, CVE-2015-5873, and CVE-2015-5890.
Query: describe CVE-2015-5448
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5448. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. HP Asset Manager 9.40 and 9.41 before 9.41.11103 P4-rev1 and 9.50 before 9.50.11925 P3 allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7915. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Sauter EY-WS505F0x0 moduWeb Vision before 1.6.0 sends cleartext credentials, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network.
Query: campaign using Group Policy Discovery
Matching passage: T1615 Group Policy Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may gather information on Group Policy settings to identify paths for privilege escalation, security measures applied within a domain, and to discover patterns in domain objects that can be manipulated or used to blend in the environment. Group Policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). Group policy objects (GPOs) are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predictable network path `\<DOMAIN>\SYSVOL\<DOMAIN>\Policies\`.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) Adversaries may use commands such as <code>gpresult</code> or various publicly available PowerShell functions, such as <code>Get-DomainGPO</code> and <code>Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup</code>, to gather information on Group Policy settings.(Citation: Microsoft gpresult)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire) Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining potential attack paths within the target network as well as opportunities to manipulate Group Policy settings (i.e. [Domain or Tenant Policy Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484)) for their benefit.
Near-miss passage: T1069.001 Local Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings. The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group. Commands such as <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscl . -list /Groups</code> on macOS, and <code>groups</code> on Linux can list local groups.
Query: detection rule: Detects triggering of AMSI by Windows Defender.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects triggering of AMSI by Windows Defender.. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: Windows Defender AMSI Trigger Detected id: ea9bf0fa-edec-4fb8-8b78-b119f2528186 status: stable description: Detects triggering of AMSI by Windows Defender. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/amsi/how-amsi-helps author: Bhabesh Raj date: 2020-09-14 modified: 2022-12-07 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: product: windows service: windefend detection: selection: EventID: 1116 SourceName: AMSI condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when an admission controller is executed in Azure Kubernetes. A Kubernetes Admission controller intercepts, a. Logsource: azure / activitylogs. Rule: title: Azure Kubernetes Admission Controller id: a61a3c56-4ce2-4351-a079-88ae4cbd2b58 status: test description: 'Identifies when an admission controller is executed in Azure Kubernetes. A Kubernetes Admission controller intercepts, and possibly modifies, requests to the Kubernetes API server. The behavior of this admission controller is determined by an admission webhook (MutatingAdmissionWebhook or ValidatingAdmissionWebhook) that the user deploys in the cluster. An adversary can use such webhooks as the MutatingAdmissionWebhook for obtaining persistence in the cluster. For example, attackers can intercept and modify the pod creation operations in the cluster and add their malicious container to every created pod. An adversary can use the webhook ValidatingAdmissionWebhook, which could be used to obtain access credentials. An adversary could use the webhook to intercept the requests to the API server, record secrets, and other sensitive information. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#microsoftkubernetes author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-11-25 modified: 2022-12-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.credential-access - attack.t1552 - attack.t1552.007 logsource: product: azure service: activitylogs detection: selection: operationName|startswith: - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/ADMISSIONREGISTRATION.K8S.IO - MICROSOFT.CONTAINERSERVICE/MANAGEDCLUSTERS/ADMISSIONREGISTRATION.K8S.IO operationName|endswith: - /MUTATINGWEBHOOKCONFIGURATIONS/WRITE - /VALIDATINGWEBHOOKCONFIGURATIONS/WRITE condition: selection falsepositives: - Azure Kubernetes Admissions Controller may be done by a system administrator. - If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Query: risk of Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Elasticsearch Kibana before 4.1.3 and 4.2.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified vict
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8131. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Elasticsearch Kibana before 4.1.3 and 4.2.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0218. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in auth/shibboleth/logout.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.7, 2.7.x before 2.7.4, and 2.8.x before 2.8.2 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that trigger a logout.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7905
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7905. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 7.5. Unitronics VisiLogic OPLC IDE before 9.8.02 allows remote attackers to execute unspecified code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0090. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted (1) web site or (2) file, aka "Adobe Font Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0088, CVE-2015-0091, CVE-2015-0092, and CVE-2015-0093.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver by a process image other than "livekd.exe".
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver by a process image other than "livekd.exe".. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: LiveKD Driver Creation By Uncommon Process id: 059c5af9-5131-4d8d-92b2-de4ad6146712 related: - id: 16fe46bb-4f64-46aa-817d-ff7bec4a2352 type: similar status: test description: Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver by a process image other than "livekd.exe". references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-16 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\LiveKdD.SYS filter_main_legit_name: Image|endswith: - \livekd.exe - \livek64.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Administrators might rename LiveKD before its usage which could trigger this. Add additional names you use to the filter level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects System Information Discovery commands. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: System Information Discovery - Auditd id: f34047d9-20d3-4e8b-8672-0a35cc50dc71 status: test description: Detects System Information Discovery commands references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f296668303c29d3f4c07e42bdd2b28d8dd6625f9/atomics/T1082/T1082.md author: Pawel Mazur date: 2021-09-03 modified: 2023-03-06 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1082 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection_1: type: PATH name: - /etc/lsb-release - /etc/redhat-release - /etc/issue selection_2: type: EXECVE a0: - uname - uptime - lsmod - hostname - env selection_3: type: EXECVE a0: grep a1|contains: - vbox - vm - xen - virtio - hv selection_4: type: EXECVE a0: kmod a1: list condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Likely level: low
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in HP KeyView before 10.23.0.1 and 10.24.x before 10.24.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2884.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5423. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in HP KeyView before 10.23.0.1 and 10.24.x before 10.24.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2884.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4739. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Application Object Library component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Help screens.
Query: what is T1048.001
Matching passage: T1048.001 Exfiltration Over Symmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel. This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data. Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES) vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP).
Near-miss passage: T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Query: risk of AppleGraphicsControl in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information via a crafted app.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3676. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. AppleGraphicsControl in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information via a crafted app.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5448. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. HP Asset Manager 9.40 and 9.41 before 9.41.11103 P4-rev1 and 9.50 before 9.50.11925 P3 allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: EDR alert: possible Security Account Manager (T1003.002)
Matching passage: T1003.002 Security Account Manager. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command. Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access. A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques: * pwdumpx.exe * [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008) * [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) * secretsdump.py Alternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg: * <code>reg save HKLM\sam sam</code> * <code>reg save HKLM\system system</code> Creddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: GitHub Creddump7) Notes: * RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator. * RID 501 is the guest account. * User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.
Near-miss passage: T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking. Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information, including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Linux stores user information such as user ID, group ID, home directory path, and login shell in <code>/etc/passwd</code>. A "user" on the system may belong to a person or a service. All password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/shadow</code> - including entries for users with no passwords and users with locked or disabled accounts.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Adversaries may attempt to read or dump the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> files on Linux systems via command line utilities such as the <code>cat</code> command.(Citation: Arctic Wolf) Additionally, the Linux utility <code>unshadow</code> can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper - for example, via the command <code>/usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code>(Citation: nixCraft - John the Ripper). Since the user information stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> are linked to the password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>, an adversary would need to have access to both.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2576
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2576. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Unspecified vulnerability in the MySQL Utilities component in Oracle MySQL 1.5.1 and earlier, when running on Windows, allows local users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Installation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2853. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Session fixation vulnerability in the WebUI component in Blue Coat SSL Visibility Appliance SV800, SV1800, SV2800, and SV3800 3.6.x through 3.8.x before 3.8.4 allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions by providing a session ID.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4676
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4676. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in ticket.php in TickFa 1.x allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the tid parameter in a read action.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6331. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the web framework in Cisco Prime Collaboration Assurance 10.5(1) allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCus39887.