alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Suspicious Portable Executable Injection execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1055.002 Portable Executable Injection. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. PE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> or additional code (ex: shellcode). The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.
Near-miss passage: T1055.003 Thread Execution Hijacking. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. Thread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL. A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as <code>OpenThread</code>. At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via <code>SuspendThread </code>, <code>VirtualAllocEx</code>, <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, <code>SetThreadContext</code>, then <code>ResumeThread</code> respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) This is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state. Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2984
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2984. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. I-O DATA DEVICE WN-G54/R2 routers with firmware before 1.03 and NP-BBRS routers allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (SSDP reflection) via UPnP requests.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4331. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 3.5. Cisco Prime Infrastructure (PI) 1.4(0.45) and earlier, when AAA authentication is used, allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions via a username with a modified composition of lowercase and uppercase characters, aka Bug ID CSum59958.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Exfiltration over USB
Matching passage: T1052.001 Exfiltration over USB. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user. The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Near-miss passage: T1052 Exfiltration Over Physical Medium. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user. Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device. The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Query: detection rule: Monitor and alert on conditional access changes where non approved actor removed CA Policy.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Monitor and alert on conditional access changes where non approved actor removed CA Policy.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: CA Policy Removed by Non Approved Actor id: 26e7c5e2-6545-481e-b7e6-050143459635 status: test description: Monitor and alert on conditional access changes where non approved actor removed CA Policy. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-infrastructure#conditional-access author: Corissa Koopmans, '@corissalea' date: 2022-07-19 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1548 - attack.t1556 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: Delete conditional access policy condition: selection falsepositives: - Misconfigured role permissions - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of SysmonEnte, a tool to attack the integrity of Sysmon. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: HackTool - SysmonEnte Execution id: d29ada0f-af45-4f27-8f32-f7b77c3dbc4e status: test description: Detects the use of SysmonEnte, a tool to attack the integrity of Sysmon references: - https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2022/09/attacks-on-sysmon-revisited-sysmonente.html - https://github.com/codewhitesec/SysmonEnte/ - https://github.com/codewhitesec/SysmonEnte/blob/fe267690fcc799fbda15398243615a30451d9099/screens/1.png author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-07 modified: 2026-06-29 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection_sysmon: TargetImage|contains: - :\Windows\Sysmon.exe - :\Windows\Sysmon64.exe - :\Windows\Sysmon64a.exe GrantedAccess: '0x1400' selection_calltrace: CallTrace: Ente filter_main_generic: SourceImage|contains: - :\Program Files (x86)\ - :\Program Files\ - :\Windows\System32\ - :\Windows\SysWOW64\ filter_main_msdefender: SourceImage|contains: :\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\ SourceImage|endswith: \MsMpEng.exe condition: ( selection_sysmon and not 1 of filter_main_* ) or selection_calltrace falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: detection rule: Detects the creation or modification of files within the "sudoers.d" directory on Linux systems. Such activity may indic
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation or modification of files within the "sudoers.d" directory on Linux systems. Such activity may indic. Logsource: linux / file_event. Rule: title: Persistence Via Sudoers.d Files id: ddb26b76-4447-4807-871f-1b035b2bfa5d status: test description: 'Detects the creation or modification of files within the "sudoers.d" directory on Linux systems. Such activity may indicate an attempt to establish or maintain privilege escalation by granting specific users elevated permissions. Unauthorized changes to sudoers files are a common technique used by attackers to persist administrative access. ' references: - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross/blob/1f1c3e0958af8ad9f6ebe10ab442e75de33e91de/apps/deployer.sh author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-05 modified: 2026-03-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1548.003 logsource: product: linux category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|startswith: /etc/sudoers.d/ filter_main_dpkg: Image|endswith: /usr/bin/dpkg TargetFilename: /etc/sudoers.d/README.dpkg-new condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Creation of legitimate files in sudoers.d folder as part of administrator work level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects presence of a potentially xor encoded powershell command. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious XOR Encoded PowerShell Command id: bb780e0c-16cf-4383-8383-1e5471db6cf9 related: - id: 5b572dcf-254b-425c-a8c5-d9af6bea35a6 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects presence of a potentially xor encoded powershell command references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse?slide=65 - https://redcanary.com/blog/yellow-cockatoo/ - https://zero2auto.com/2020/05/19/netwalker-re/ - https://mez0.cc/posts/cobaltstrike-powershell-exec/ author: Sami Ruohonen, Harish Segar, Tim Shelton, Teymur Kheirkhabarov, Vasiliy Burov, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali date: 2018-09-05 modified: 2023-01-30 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1140 - attack.t1027 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll - Description: Windows PowerShell - Product: PowerShell Core 6 selection_cli_xor: CommandLine|contains: bxor selection_cli_other: CommandLine|contains: - ForEach - for( - 'for ' - '-join ' - -join' - -join" - -join` - ::Join - '[char]' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-4330
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4330. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. A local file script in Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway X8.5.2 allows local users to gain privileges for OS command execution via invalid parameters, aka Bug ID CSCuv10556.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7698. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 9.0. icewind1991 SMB before 1.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SMB commands via shell metacharacters in the user argument in the (1) listShares function in Server.php or the (2) connect or (3) read function in Share.php.
Query: exploit Apple OS X before 10.10.5 does not properly restrict access to the Date & Time preferences pane, which allows local users to spoof the time by visiting this pane.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3757. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Apple OS X before 10.10.5 does not properly restrict access to the Date & Time preferences pane, which allows local users to spoof the time by visiting this pane.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4034. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.900000095367432. The createFromParcel method in the com.absolute.android.persistence.MethodSpec class in Samsung Galaxy S5s allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary files via a crafted Parcelable object in a serialized MethodSpec object.
Query: rule covering Detects disabling Windows Defender Exploit Guard Network Protection
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects disabling Windows Defender Exploit Guard Network Protection. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Disable Exploit Guard Network Protection on Windows Defender id: bf9e1387-b040-4393-9851-1598f8ecfae9 status: test description: Detects disabling Windows Defender Exploit Guard Network Protection references: - https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/105533-enable-disable-windows-defender-exploit-protection-settings.html author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-04 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender Security Center\App and Browser protection\DisallowExploitProtectionOverride Details: DWORD (00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a Microsoft Cloud App Security reported when a user signs into your sanctioned apps from a risky IP address. Logsource: m365 / threat_management. Rule: title: Logon from a Risky IP Address id: c191e2fa-f9d6-4ccf-82af-4f2aba08359f status: test description: Detects when a Microsoft Cloud App Security reported when a user signs into your sanctioned apps from a risky IP address. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-cloud-apps/anomaly-detection-policy - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-cloud-apps/policy-template-reference author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-23 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: service: threat_management product: m365 detection: selection: eventSource: SecurityComplianceCenter eventName: Log on from a risky IP address status: success condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: detection engineering for Security Software Discovery
Matching passage: T1518.001 Security Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as cloud monitoring agents and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Example commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), <code>reg query</code> with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), <code>dir</code> with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for. It is becoming more common to see macOS malware perform checks for LittleSnitch and KnockKnock software. Adversaries may also utilize the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009) to discover cloud-native security software installed on compute infrastructure, such as the AWS CloudWatch agent, Azure VM Agent, and Google Cloud Monitor agent. These agents may collect metrics and logs from the VM, which may be centrally aggregated in a cloud-based monitoring platform.
Near-miss passage: T1518.002 Backup Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of backup software or configurations that are installed on a system. Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485), [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490), or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486). Commands that can be used to obtain security software information are [netsh](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0108), `reg query` with [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), `dir` with [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106), and [Tasklist](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0057), but other indicators of discovery behavior may be more specific to the type of software or security system the adversary is looking for, such as Veeam, Acronis, Dropbox, or Paragon.(Citation: Symantec Play Ransomware 2023)
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Enterprise Manager for Oracle Database component in Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control EM Base Platform 11.1.0.1, and EM DB Control 11.2.0.3 an
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4735. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Enterprise Manager for Oracle Database component in Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control EM Base Platform 11.1.0.1, and EM DB Control 11.2.0.3 and 11.2.0.4, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via vectors related to RAC Management.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2136. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. HP ArcSight Logger before 6.0 P2 allows remote authenticated users to bypass the intended authorization policy via unspecified vectors.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0030
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0030. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0017, CVE-2015-0020, CVE-2015-0022, CVE-2015-0026, CVE-2015-0031, CVE-2015-0036, and CVE-2015-0041.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0646. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Memory leak in the TCP input module in Cisco IOS 12.2, 12.4, 15.0, 15.2, 15.3, and 15.4 and IOS XE 3.3.xXO, 3.5.xE, 3.6.xE, 3.8.xS through 3.10.xS before 3.10.5S, and 3.11.xS and 3.12.xS before 3.12.3S allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption or device reload) by sending crafted TCP packets over (1) IPv4 or (2) IPv6, aka Bug ID CSCum94811.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / registry_set
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect use of scrobj.dll as this DLL looks for the ScriptletURL key to get the location of the script to execute. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via Scrobj.dll COM Hijacking id: fe20dda1-6f37-4379-bbe0-a98d400cae90 status: test description: Detect use of scrobj.dll as this DLL looks for the ScriptletURL key to get the location of the script to execute references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1546.015/T1546.015.md author: frack113 date: 2022-08-20 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1546.015 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: InprocServer32\(Default) Details: C:\WINDOWS\system32\scrobj.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the dll. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed MegaSync.exe as seen used by ransomware families like Nefilim, Sodinokibi, Pysa, and. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed MegaSync Execution id: 643bdcac-8b82-49f4-9fd9-25a90b929f3b status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed MegaSync.exe as seen used by ransomware families like Nefilim, Sodinokibi, Pysa, and Conti. references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/rclone-mega-extortion/ author: Sittikorn S date: 2021-06-22 modified: 2023-02-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: OriginalFileName: megasync.exe filter: Image|endswith: \megasync.exe condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Software that illegally integrates MegaSync in a renamed form - Administrators that have renamed MegaSync level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1084
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1084. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 5.0. The user interface in WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, does not display URLs consistently, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct phishing attacks via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6823. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. The allocate_buffers function in libavcodec/alac.c in FFmpeg before 2.7.2 does not initialize certain context data, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation violation) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC) data.
Query: exploit The web interface on Janitza UMG 508, 509, 511, 604, and 605 devices supports only short PIN values for authentication, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3972. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 10.0. The web interface on Janitza UMG 508, 509, 511, 604, and 605 devices supports only short PIN values for authentication, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via a brute-force attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4476. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 on Android allows user-assisted remote attackers to spoof address-bar attributes by leveraging lack of navigation after a paste of a URL with a nonstandard scheme, as demonstrated by spoofing an SSL attribute.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8818
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8818. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.5. The cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal function in exec.c in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) does not properly skip MMIO regions, which allows local privileged guest users to cause a denial of service (guest crash) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4851. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle iSupplier Portal component in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to XML input. NOTE: the previous information is from the October 2015 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability, which allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files, cause a denial of service, or conduct SMB Relay attacks via a crafted DTD in an XML request to OA_HTML/oramipp_lpr.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4664
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4664. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. An improper input validation vulnerability in CA Privileged Access Manager 2.4.4.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5248. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. Reflected file download vulnerability in Red Hat Feedhenry Enterprise Mobile Application Platform.
Query: SOC runbook when seeing Persistence mechanism resembling Browser Fingerprint
Matching passage: Playbook for T1036.012 Browser Fingerprint. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1036.012. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may attempt to blend in with legitimate traffic by spoofing browser and system attributes like operating system, system language, platform, user-agent string, resolution, time zone, etc. The HTTP User-Agent request header is a string that lets servers and network peers identify the application, operating system, vendor, and/or version of the requesting user agent.(Citation: Mozilla Use
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1036.004 Masquerade Task or Service. Different response path focused on stealth.