alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for Account Discovery activity
Matching passage: T1087 Account Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.(Citation: AWS List Users)(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API) On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system’s files.
Near-miss passage: T1087.003 Email Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists) In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the <code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016) In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)
Query: exploit IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 5.2 allows local users to obtain sensitive cleartext web-services information by leveraging database access.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7438. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 5.2 allows local users to obtain sensitive cleartext web-services information by leveraging database access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8007. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The Echo extension for MediWiki does not properly implement the hideuser functionality, which allows remote authenticated users to see hidden usernames in "non-revision based" notifications, as demonstrated by viewing a hidden username in a Thanks notification.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4866
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4866. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.23 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : InnoDB.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4438. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4435, CVE-2015-4441, CVE-2015-4445, CVE-2015-4447, CVE-2015-4451, CVE-2015-4452, CVE-2015-5085, and CVE-2015-5086.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0169
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0169. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 4.0. IBM Security SiteProtector System 3.0 before 3.0.0.7, 3.1 before 3.1.0.4, and 3.1.1 before 3.1.1.2 allows remote authenticated users to inject arguments via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2180. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The DBMail driver in the Password plugin in Roundcube before 1.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the password.
Query: indicators of Cloud Storage Object Discovery
Matching passage: T1619 Cloud Storage Object Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may enumerate objects in cloud storage infrastructure. Adversaries may use this information during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including requesting all or specific objects from cloud storage. Similar to [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) on a local host, after identifying available storage services (i.e. [Cloud Infrastructure Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1580)) adversaries may access the contents/objects stored in cloud infrastructure. Cloud service providers offer APIs allowing users to enumerate objects stored within cloud storage. Examples include ListObjectsV2 in AWS (Citation: ListObjectsV2) and List Blobs in Azure(Citation: List Blobs) .
Near-miss passage: T1497 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) Adversaries may use several methods to accomplish [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) such as checking for security monitoring tools (e.g., Sysinternals, Wireshark, etc.) or other system artifacts associated with analysis or virtualization. Adversaries may also check for legitimate user activity to help determine if it is in an analysis environment. Additional methods include use of sleep timers or loops within malware code to avoid operating within a temporary sandbox.(Citation: Unit 42 Pirpi July 2015)
Query: exploit libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka inter
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3872. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka internal bug 23346388.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3905. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer overflow in the set_cs_start function in t1disasm.c in t1utils before 1.39 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted font file.
Query: detection rule: Detects potentially suspicious file downloads directly from IP addresses using Wget.exe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potentially suspicious file downloads directly from IP addresses using Wget.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious File Download From IP Via Wget.EXE id: 17f0c0a8-8bd5-4ee0-8c5f-a342c0199f35 status: test description: Detects potentially suspicious file downloads directly from IP addresses using Wget.exe references: - https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/wget.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-27 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \wget.exe - OriginalFileName: wget.exe selection_ip: CommandLine|re: ://[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3} selection_http: CommandLine|contains: http selection_flag: - CommandLine|re: \s-O\s - CommandLine|contains: --output-document selection_ext: CommandLine|endswith: - .ps1 - .ps1' - .ps1" - .dat - .dat' - .dat" - .msi - .msi' - .msi" - .bat - .bat' - .bat" - .exe - .exe' - .exe" - .vbs - .vbs' - .vbs" - .vbe - .vbe' - .vbe" - .hta - .hta' - .hta" - .dll - .dll' - .dll" - .psm1 - .psm1' - .psm1" condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of cmdkey to look for cached credentials on the system. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Reconnaissance For Cached Credentials Via Cmdkey.EXE id: 07f8bdc2-c9b3-472a-9817-5a670b872f53 status: test description: Detects usage of cmdkey to look for cached credentials on the system references: - https://www.peew.pw/blog/2017/11/26/exploring-cmdkey-an-edge-case-for-privilege-escalation - https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc754243(v=ws.11).aspx - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/b27a3cb25025161d49ac861cb216db68c46a3537/atomics/T1003.005/T1003.005.md#atomic-test-1---cached-credential-dump-via-cmdkey author: jmallette, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-01-16 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \cmdkey.exe - OriginalFileName: cmdkey.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -l' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative tasks level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_cmdkey_recon/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Cached Credential Dump via Cmdkey technique: T1003.005 atomic_guid: 56506854-89d6-46a3-9804-b7fde90791f9
Query: describe CVE-2015-6469
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6469. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The interpreter in IBC Solar ServeMaster TLP+ and Danfoss TLX Pro+ allows remote attackers to discover script source code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3373. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Amazon AWS module before 7.x-1.3 for Drupal uses the base URL and AWS access key to generate the access token, which makes it easier for remote attackers to guess the token value and create backups via a crafted URL.
Query: explain T1027.002 Software Packing
Matching passage: T1027.002 Software Packing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: Awesome Executable Packing)
Near-miss passage: T1027.014 Polymorphic Code. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may utilize polymorphic code (also known as metamorphic or mutating code) to evade detection. Polymorphic code is a type of software capable of changing its runtime footprint during code execution.(Citation: polymorphic-blackberry) With each execution of the software, the code is mutated into a different version of itself that achieves the same purpose or objective as the original. This functionality enables the malware to evade traditional signature-based defenses, such as antivirus and antimalware tools.(Citation: polymorphic-sentinelone) Other obfuscation techniques can be used in conjunction with polymorphic code to accomplish the intended effects, including using mutation engines to conduct actions such as [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010), or [Encrypted/Encoded File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/013).(Citation: polymorphic-linkedin)(Citation: polymorphic-medium)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6750
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6750. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer overflow in Ricoh DL FTP Server 1.1.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long USER command.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5818. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Query: detect Hardware Additions
Matching passage: T1200 Hardware Additions. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may physically introduce computer accessories, networking hardware, or other computing devices into a system or network that can be used as a vector to gain access. Rather than just connecting and distributing payloads via removable storage (i.e. [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091)), more robust hardware additions can be used to introduce new functionalities and/or features into a system that can then be abused. While public references of usage by threat actors are scarce, many red teams/penetration testers leverage hardware additions for initial access. Commercial and open source products can be leveraged with capabilities such as passive network tapping, network traffic modification (i.e. [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)), keystroke injection, kernel memory reading via DMA, addition of new wireless access points to an existing network, and others.(Citation: Ossmann Star Feb 2011)(Citation: Aleks Weapons Nov 2015)(Citation: Frisk DMA August 2016)(Citation: McMillan Pwn March 2012)
Near-miss passage: T1566.004 Spearphishing Voice. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may use voice communications to ultimately gain access to victim systems. Spearphishing voice is a specific variant of spearphishing. It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of manipulating a user into providing access to systems through a phone call or other forms of voice communications. Spearphishing frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source (ex: [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/001)) and/or creating a sense of urgency or alarm for the recipient. All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. In this scenario, adversaries are not directly sending malware to a victim vice relying on [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) for delivery and execution. For example, victims may receive phishing messages that instruct them to call a phone number where they are directed to visit a malicious URL, download malware,(Citation: sygnia Luna Month)(Citation: CISA Remote Monitoring and Management Software) or install adversary-accessible remote management tools ([Remote Access Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219)) onto their computer.(Citation: Unit42 Luna Moth) Adversaries may also combine voice phishing with [Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1621) in order to trick users into divulging MFA credentials or accepting authentication prompts.(Citation: Proofpoint Vishing)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0073
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0073. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Windows Registry Virtualization feature in the kernel in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly restrict changes to virtual stores, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Registry Virtualization Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3335. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.5. The NaClSandbox::InitializeLayerTwoSandbox function in components/nacl/loader/sandbox_linux/nacl_sandbox_linux.cc in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90 does not have RLIMIT_AS and RLIMIT_DATA limits for Native Client (aka NaCl) processes, which might make it easier for remote attackers to conduct row-hammer attacks or have unspecified other impact by leveraging the ability to run a crafted program in the NaCl sandbox.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a child process spawned by 'winrshost.exe', which suggests remote command execution through Windows Remote Shell
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a child process spawned by 'winrshost.exe', which suggests remote command execution through Windows Remote Shell. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Lateral Movement via Windows Remote Shell id: 79df3f68-dccb-48e9-9171-b75cbc37c51d status: experimental description: 'Detects a child process spawned by ''winrshost.exe'', which suggests remote command execution through Windows Remote Shell (WinRs) and may indicate potential lateral movement activity. ' references: - https://cardinalops.com/blog/living-off-winrm-abusing-complexity-in-remote-management/ - https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/lateral-movement/winrs-for-lateral-movement author: Liran Ravich date: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.006 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \winrshost.exe filter_main_conhost: Image: C:\Windows\System32\conhost.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of WinRM within the organization level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects an appx package deployment that was blocked by the local computer policy. The following events indicate that an. Logsource: windows / appxdeployment-server. Rule: title: Deployment Of The AppX Package Was Blocked By The Policy id: e021bbb5-407f-41f5-9dc9-1864c45a7a51 status: test description: 'Detects an appx package deployment that was blocked by the local computer policy. The following events indicate that an AppX package deployment was blocked by a policy: - Event ID 441: The package deployment operation is blocked by the "Allow deployment operations in special profiles" policy - Event ID 442: Deployments to non-system volumes are blocked by the "Disable deployment of Windows Store apps to non-system volumes" policy." - Event ID 453: Package blocked by a platform policy. - Event ID 454: Package blocked by a platform policy. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/appxpkg/troubleshooting - https://github.com/nasbench/EVTX-ETW-Resources/blob/7a806a148b3d9d381193d4a80356016e6e8b1ee8/ETWEventsList/CSV/Windows11/22H2/W11_22H2_Pro_20220920_22621.382/Providers/Microsoft-Windows-AppXDeployment-Server.csv author: frack113 date: 2023-01-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: product: windows service: appxdeployment-server detection: selection: EventID: - 441 - 442 - 453 - 454 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely, since this event notifies about blocked application deployment. Tune your applocker rules to avoid blocking legitimate applications. level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports password dumpers and stealers. This event must not be ignored jus
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports password dumpers and stealers. This event must not be ignored jus. Logsource: antivirus. Rule: title: Antivirus - Password Dumper Signature id: 78cc2dd2-7d20-4d32-93ff-057084c38b93 status: stable description: 'Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports password dumpers and stealers. This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place and check if passwords need to be reset. ' references: - https://www.nextron-systems.com/?s=antivirus - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/5fcda49ee7f202559a6cbbb34edb65c33c9a1e0bde9fa2af06a6f11b55ded619 - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/a4edfbd42595d5bddb442c82a02cf0aaa10893c1bf79ea08b9ce576f82749448 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Arnim Rupp date: 2018-09-09 modified: 2026-06-15 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 - attack.t1558 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.t1003.002 logsource: category: antivirus detection: selection: - Signature|startswith: PWS - Signature|contains: - Certify - DCSync - Creddump - DumpCreds - DumpLsass - DumpPert - FormBook - HTool/WCE - Kekeo - Lazagne - LsassDump - Lummast - Mimikatz - MultiDump - Multiverze - Nanodump - NativeDump - Outflank - PShlSpy - PSWTool - PWCrack - PWDump - PWS. - PWSX - pypykatz - Rubeus - SafetyKatz - SecurityTool - SharpChrome - SharpDPAPI - SharpDump - SharpKatz - SharpS. - ShpKatz - Steal - TrickDump - wsass condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the restoration of files from the defender quarantine. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: Win Defender Restored Quarantine File id: bc92ca75-cd42-4d61-9a37-9d5aa259c88b status: test description: Detects the restoration of files from the defender quarantine references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/troubleshoot-microsoft-defender-antivirus?view=o365-worldwide author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-06 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: windefend detection: selection: EventID: 1009 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrator activity restoring a file level: high