alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7791
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7791. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.300000190734863. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in admin.php in the Collne Welcart plugin before 1.5.3 for WordPress allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) search[column] or (2) switch parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7517. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Double Opt-In for Download plugin before 2.0.9 for WordPress allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the ver parameter to (1) class-doifd-download.php or (2) class-doifd-landing-page.php in public/includes/.
Query: SOC alert related to IDE Tunneling
Matching passage: T1219.001 IDE Tunneling. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may abuse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) software with remote development features to establish an interactive command and control channel on target systems within a network. IDE tunneling combines SSH, port forwarding, file sharing, and debugging into a single secure connection, letting developers work on remote systems as if they were local. Unlike SSH and port forwarding, IDE tunneling encapsulates an entire session and may use proprietary tunneling protocols alongside SSH, allowing adversaries to blend in with legitimate development workflows. Some IDEs, like Visual Studio Code, also provide CLI tools (e.g., `code tunnel`) that adversaries may use to programmatically establish tunnels and generate web-accessible URLs for remote access. These tunnels can be authenticated through accounts such as GitHub, enabling the adversary to control the compromised system via a legitimate developer portal.(Citation: sentinelone operationDigitalEye Dec 2024)(Citation: Unit42 Chinese VSCode 06 September 2024)(Citation: Thornton tutorial VSCode shell September 2023) Additionally, adversaries may use IDE tunneling for persistence. Some IDEs, such as Visual Studio Code and JetBrains, support automatic reconnection. Adversaries may configure the IDE to auto-launch at startup, re-establishing the tunnel upon execution. Compromised developer machines may also be exploited as jump hosts to move further into the network. IDE tunneling tools may be built-in or installed as [IDE Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/002).
Near-miss passage: T1219.003 Remote Access Hardware. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate remote access hardware to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. These services, including IP-based keyboard, video, or mouse (KVM) devices such as TinyPilot and PiKVM, are commonly used as legitimate tools and may be allowed by peripheral device policies within a target environment. Remote access hardware may be physically installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or as a way to establish an interactive remote session with the target system. Using hardware-based remote access tools may allow threat actors to bypass software security solutions and gain more control over the compromised device(s).(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 North Korean IT Workers 2024)(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence DPRK IT Workers 2024)
Query: hunt for DNS activity
Matching passage: T1071.004 DNS. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling) DNS beaconing may be used to send commands to remote systems via DNS queries. A DNS beacon is created by tunneling DNS traffic (i.e. [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572)). The commands may be embedded into different DNS records, for example, TXT or A records.(Citation: OilRig Uses Updated BONDUPDATER to Target Middle Eastern Government) DNS beacons may be difficult to detect because the beacons infrequently communicate with infected devices.(Citation: DNS Beacons) Infrequent communication conceals the malicious DNS traffic with normal DNS traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1071 Application Layer Protocol. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, DNS, or publishing/subscribing. For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Eye Spy Email Nov 22)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2152
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2152. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. Xen 4.5.x and earlier enables certain default backends when emulating a VGA device for an x86 HVM guest qemu even when the configuration disables them, which allows local guest users to obtain access to the VGA console by (1) setting the DISPLAY environment variable, when compiled with SDL support, or connecting to the VNC server on (2) ::1 or (3) 127.0.0.1, when not compiled with SDL support.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1688. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: explain CWE-40
Matching passage: CWE-40 Path Traversal: 'UNCsharename' (Windows UNC Share). The product accepts input that identifies a Windows UNC share ('UNCsharename') that potentially redirects access to an unintended location or arbitrary file.
Near-miss passage: CWE-494 Download of Code Without Integrity Check. The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6517
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6517. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in phpLiteAdmin 1.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that drop database tables via the droptable parameter to phpliteadmin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2770. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the command line page in Websense TRITON V-Series appliances before 8.0.0 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims via unknown vectors.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0673
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0673. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. Cisco Mobility Services Engine (MSE) 8.0(110.0) allows remote authenticated users to discover the passwords of arbitrary users by (1) reading log files or (2) using an unspecified GUI feature, aka Bug ID CSCut24792.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5383. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Roundcube Webmail 1.1.x before 1.1.2 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading files in the (1) config, (2) temp, or (3) logs directory.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Host On-Demand 11.0 through 11.0.14 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5002. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Host On-Demand 11.0 through 11.0.14 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9300. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The events-manager plugin before 5.5.7 for WordPress has multiple XSS issues.
Query: alert when Detects potential DLL sideloading of "CCleanerDU.dll"
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "CCleanerDU.dll". Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential CCleanerDU.DLL Sideloading id: 1fbc0671-5596-4e17-8682-f020a0b995dc status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "CCleanerDU.dll" references: - https://lab52.io/blog/2344-2/ author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-13 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \CCleanerDU.dll filter_main_path: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files\CCleaner\ - C:\Program Files (x86)\CCleaner\ Image|endswith: - \CCleaner.exe - \CCleaner64.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - False positives could occur from other custom installation paths. Apply additional filters accordingly. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of devcon.exe with commands that disable the VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) dev. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Devcon Execution Disabling VMware VMCI Device id: 85f520e7-6f5e-43ca-874c-222e5bf9c0de status: experimental description: 'Detects execution of devcon.exe with commands that disable the VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) device. This can be legitimate during VMware Tools troubleshooting or driver conflicts, but may also indicate malware attempting to hijack communication with the hardware via the VMCI device. This has been used to facilitate VMware ESXi vulnerability exploits to escape VMs and execute code on the ESXi host. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/devtest/devcon - https://communities.vmware.com/t5/VMware-Workstation-Pro/VMCI-driver-issues/td-p/2866060 - https://github.com/search?q=devcon+disable+VMWVMCIHOSTDEV - https://huntress.com/blog/esxi-vm-escape-exploit author: Matt Anderson, Dray Agha, Anna Pham (Huntress) date: 2026-01-02 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1543.003 - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \devcon.exe - OriginalFileName: DevCon.exe selection_action: CommandLine|contains: ' disable ' selection_vmci_pci: CommandLine|contains: - 15AD&DEV_0740 - VMWVMCIHOSTDEV condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate VMware administration, Tools installation/uninstallation, or troubleshooting driver conflicts. - Automated scripts in virtualized environments for device cleanup. level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_devcon_disable_vmci_driver/info.yml
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Masquerade Account Name
Matching passage: T1036.010 Masquerade Account Name. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may match or approximate the names of legitimate accounts to make newly created ones appear benign. This will typically occur during [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), although accounts may also be renamed at a later date. This may also coincide with [Account Access Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1531) if the actor first deletes an account before re-creating one with the same name.(Citation: Huntress MOVEit 2023) Often, adversaries will attempt to masquerade as service accounts, such as those associated with legitimate software, data backups, or container cluster management.(Citation: Elastic CUBA Ransomware 2022)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023) They may also give accounts generic, trustworthy names, such as “admin”, “help”, or “root.”(Citation: Invictus IR Cloud Ransomware 2024) Sometimes adversaries may model account names off of those already existing in the system, as a follow-on behavior to [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087). Note that this is distinct from [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/001), which describes impersonating specific trusted individuals or organizations, rather than user or service account names.
Near-miss passage: T1036.001 Invalid Code Signature. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to mimic features of valid code signatures to increase the chance of deceiving a user, analyst, or tool. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. Adversaries can copy the metadata and signature information from a signed program, then use it as a template for an unsigned program. Files with invalid code signatures will fail digital signature validation checks, but they may appear more legitimate to users and security tools may improperly handle these files.(Citation: Threatexpress MetaTwin 2017) Unlike [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), this activity will not result in a valid signature.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in International Components for Unicode (ICU) before 53.1.0, as used in Apple OS X before 10.11 and watchOS before 2, has unknown impact and attack vector
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5922. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in International Components for Unicode (ICU) before 53.1.0, as used in Apple OS X before 10.11 and watchOS before 2, has unknown impact and attack vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4808. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 8.5.0, 8.5.1, and 8.5.2 allows local users to affect availability via vectors related to Outside In Filters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6013, CVE-2015-6014, CVE-2015-6015, and CVE-2016-0432.
Query: indicators of Credential Stuffing
Matching passage: T1110.004 Credential Stuffing. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use credentials obtained from breach dumps of unrelated accounts to gain access to target accounts through credential overlap. Occasionally, large numbers of username and password pairs are dumped online when a website or service is compromised and the user account credentials accessed. The information may be useful to an adversary attempting to compromise accounts by taking advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts. Credential stuffing is a risky option because it could cause numerous authentication failures and account lockouts, depending on the organization's login failure policies. Typically, management services over commonly used ports are used when stuffing credentials. Commonly targeted services include the following: * SSH (22/TCP) * Telnet (23/TCP) * FTP (21/TCP) * NetBIOS / SMB / Samba (139/TCP & 445/TCP) * LDAP (389/TCP) * Kerberos (88/TCP) * RDP / Terminal Services (3389/TCP) * HTTP/HTTP Management Services (80/TCP & 443/TCP) * MSSQL (1433/TCP) * Oracle (1521/TCP) * MySQL (3306/TCP) * VNC (5900/TCP) In addition to management services, adversaries may "target single sign-on (SSO) and cloud-based applications utilizing federated authentication protocols," as well as externally facing email applications, such as Office 365.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018)
Near-miss passage: T1110.002 Password Cracking. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained. [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option. Further, adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) Techniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes. Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking) The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access.
Query: vulnerability: D-Link DIR-815 devices with firmware before 2.07.B01 allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging cleartext storage of the administrative password.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0152. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. D-Link DIR-815 devices with firmware before 2.07.B01 allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging cleartext storage of the administrative password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0602. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The mobility extension on Cisco Unified IP 9900 phones with firmware 9.4(.1) and earlier allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network, aka Bug ID CSCuq12117.
Query: vulnerability: Integer overflow in the ftp_genlist function in ext/ftp/ftp.c in PHP before 5.4.42, 5.5.x before 5.5.26, and 5.6.x before 5.6.10 allows remote FTP servers to execute arbitrary code
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4643. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the ftp_genlist function in ext/ftp/ftp.c in PHP before 5.4.42, 5.5.x before 5.5.26, and 5.6.x before 5.6.10 allows remote FTP servers to execute arbitrary code via a long reply to a LIST command, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-4022.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2493. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The (1) VBScript and (2) JScript engines in Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: explain CWE-832
Matching passage: CWE-832 Unlock of a Resource that is not Locked. The product attempts to unlock a resource that is not locked.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1104 Use of Unmaintained Third Party Components. The product relies on third-party components that are not actively supported or maintained by the original developer or a trusted proxy for the original developer.
Query: vulnerability: SysAid Help Desk before 15.2 uses a hardcoded encryption key, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, as demonstrated by decrypting the database
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2998. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. SysAid Help Desk before 15.2 uses a hardcoded encryption key, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information, as demonstrated by decrypting the database password in WEB-INF/conf/serverConf.xml.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5884. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The Mail Drop feature in Mail in Apple OS X before 10.11 mishandles encryption parameters for attachments, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network during transmission of an S/MIME e-mail message with a large attachment.
Query: detect Transmitted Data Manipulation
Matching passage: T1565.002 Transmitted Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.
Near-miss passage: T1565.001 Stored Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.
Query: vulnerability: The (1) Manager and (2) Host Manager applications in Apache Tomcat 7.x before 7.0.68, 8.x before 8.0.31, and 9.x before 9.0.0.M2 establish sessions and send CSRF tokens for arbitra
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5351. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The (1) Manager and (2) Host Manager applications in Apache Tomcat 7.x before 7.0.68, 8.x before 8.0.31, and 9.x before 9.0.0.M2 establish sessions and send CSRF tokens for arbitrary new requests, which allows remote attackers to bypass a CSRF protection mechanism by using a token.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2293. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in admin/class-bulk-editor-list-table.php in the WordPress SEO by Yoast plugin before 1.5.7, 1.6.x before 1.6.4, and 1.7.x before 1.7.4 for WordPress allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of certain users for requests that conduct SQL injection attacks via the (1) order_by or (2) order parameter in the wpseo_bulk-editor page.