alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Msiexec
Matching passage: T1218.007 Msiexec. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft. Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)
Near-miss passage: T1218 System Binary Proxy Execution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)
Query: risk of WAGO IO 750-849 01.01.27 and WAGO IO 750-881 01.02.05 do not contain privilege separation.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6473. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. WAGO IO 750-849 01.01.27 and WAGO IO 750-881 01.02.05 do not contain privilege separation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9331. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.5. The wp-all-import plugin before 3.2.4 for WordPress has no prevention of unauthenticated requests to adminInit.
Query: risk of The Services module 7.x-3.x before 7.x-3.12 for Drupal allows remote attackers to bypass the field_access restriction and obtain sensitive private field information via unspecified
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4394. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. The Services module 7.x-3.x before 7.x-3.12 for Drupal allows remote attackers to bypass the field_access restriction and obtain sensitive private field information via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1170. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The NVIDIA Display Driver R304 before 309.08, R340 before 341.44, R343 before 345.20, and R346 before 347.52 does not properly validate local client impersonation levels when performing a "kernel administrator check," which allows local users to gain administrator privileges via unspecified API calls.
Query: write Sigma for Detects CSExec service installation and execution events
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects CSExec service installation and execution events. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: CSExec Service Installation id: a27e5fa9-c35e-4e3d-b7e0-1ce2af66ad12 status: test description: Detects CSExec service installation and execution events references: - https://github.com/malcomvetter/CSExec author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-07 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_eid: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 selection_service: - ServiceName: csexecsvc - ImagePath|endswith: \csexecsvc.exe condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls useb by SharpHound to map remote connections and local group membership.. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: SharpHound Recon Sessions id: 6d580420-ff3f-4e0e-b6b0-41b90c787e28 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls useb by SharpHound to map remote connections and local group membership. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-srvs/02b1f559-fda2-4ba3-94c2-806eb2777183 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-SRVS.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1033 logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:4b324fc8-1670-01d3-1278-5a47bf6ee188 opnum:12' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 4b324fc8-1670-01d3-1278-5a47bf6ee188 OpNum: 12 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: risk of Race condition in the LoadBalancer module in the Atlassian Floodlight Controller before 1.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and threa
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6569. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. Race condition in the LoadBalancer module in the Atlassian Floodlight Controller before 1.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and thread crash) via a state manipulation attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0632. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 5.699999809265137. Race condition in the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol implementation in Cisco IOS and IOS XE allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a flood of Router Solicitation messages on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCuo67770.
Query: risk of Synology Video Station before 1.5-0763 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands via shell metacharacters in the subtitle_codepage parameter to subtitle.cgi.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6912. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 10.0. Synology Video Station before 1.5-0763 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands via shell metacharacters in the subtitle_codepage parameter to subtitle.cgi.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1877. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The open_generic_xdg_mime function in xdg-open in xdg-utils 1.1.0 rc1 in Debian, when using dash, does not properly handle local variables, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted file.
Query: what is T1127.003
Matching passage: T1127.003 JamPlus. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may use `JamPlus` to proxy the execution of a malicious script. `JamPlus` is a build utility tool for code and data build systems. It works with several popular compilers and can be used for generating workspaces in code editors such as Visual Studio.(Citation: JamPlus manual) Adversaries may abuse the `JamPlus` build utility to execute malicious scripts via a `.jam` file, which describes the build process and required dependencies. Because the malicious script is executed from a reputable developer tool, it may subvert application control security systems such as Smart App Control.(Citation: Cyble)(Citation: Elastic Security Labs)
Near-miss passage: T1127.001 MSBuild. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. MSBuild.exe (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)
Query: explain CWE-441
Matching passage: CWE-441 Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy'). The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-110 Struts: Validator Without Form Field. Validation fields that do not appear in forms they are associated with indicate that the validation logic is out of date.
Query: rule covering Detects the command line executed when TeamViewer starts a session started by a remote host. Once a connection has been
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the command line executed when TeamViewer starts a session started by a remote host. Once a connection has been. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Remote Access Tool - Team Viewer Session Started On MacOS Host id: f459ccb4-9805-41ea-b5b2-55e279e2424a related: - id: ab70c354-d9ac-4e11-bbb6-ec8e3b153357 type: similar - id: 1f6b8cd4-3e60-47cc-b282-5aa1cbc9182d type: similar status: test description: 'Detects the command line executed when TeamViewer starts a session started by a remote host. Once a connection has been started, an investigator can verify the connection details by viewing the "incoming_connections.txt" log file in the TeamViewer folder. ' references: - Internal Research author: Josh Nickels, Qi Nan date: 2024-03-11 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.t1133 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: /TeamViewer_Service Image|endswith: /TeamViewer_Desktop CommandLine|endswith: /TeamViewer_Desktop --IPCport 5939 --Module 1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of TeamViewer level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious child process of Script Event Consumer (scrcons.exe).. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Script Event Consumer Spawning Process id: f6d1dd2f-b8ce-40ca-bc23-062efb686b34 status: test description: Detects a suspicious child process of Script Event Consumer (scrcons.exe). references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/child-processes/ - https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr/cortex-xdr-analytics-alert-reference/cortex-xdr-analytics-alert-reference/scrcons-exe-rare-child-process.html author: Sittikorn S date: 2021-06-21 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \scrcons.exe Image|endswith: - \svchost.exe - \dllhost.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \wscript.exe - \cscript.exe - \schtasks.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \mshta.exe - \rundll32.exe - \msiexec.exe - \msbuild.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: explain T1069.002 Domain Groups
Matching passage: T1069.002 Domain Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. Commands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.
Near-miss passage: T1069.003 Cloud Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings. The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group. With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups. The <code>Get-MsolRole</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts (Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation: GitHub Raindance). Azure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups. The command <code>az ad user get-member-groups</code> will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint <code>GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups</code> lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation) In AWS, the commands `ListRolePolicies` and `ListAttachedRolePolicies` allow users to enumerate the policies attached to a role.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022) Adversaries may attempt to list ACLs for objects to determine the owner and other accounts with access to the object, for example, via the AWS <code>GetBucketAcl</code> API (Citation: AWS Get Bucket ACL). Using this information an adversary can target accounts with permissions to a given object or leverage accounts they have already compromised to access the object.
Query: exploit VideoLAN VLC media player 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted 3GP file, which triggers the freeing 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5949. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. VideoLAN VLC media player 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted 3GP file, which triggers the freeing of arbitrary pointers.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3697. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Buffer overflow in the Intel Graphics Driver in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3695, CVE-2015-3696, CVE-2015-3698, CVE-2015-3699, CVE-2015-3700, CVE-2015-3701, and CVE-2015-3702.
Query: detect Indicates that there are abnormal characteristics in the token such as an unusual token lifetime or a token that is play in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Indicates that there are abnormal characteristics in the token such as an unusual token lifetime or a token that is play. Logsource: azure / riskdetection. Rule: title: Anomalous Token id: 6555754e-5e7f-4a67-ad1c-4041c413a007 status: test description: Indicates that there are abnormal characteristics in the token such as an unusual token lifetime or a token that is played from an unfamiliar location. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/concept-identity-protection-risks#anomalous-token - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#unusual-sign-ins author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow' date: 2023-08-07 tags: - attack.t1528 - attack.credential-access logsource: product: azure service: riskdetection detection: selection: riskEventType: anomalousToken condition: selection falsepositives: - We recommend investigating the sessions flagged by this detection in the context of other sign-ins from the user. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects path traversal exploitation attempts. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Path Traversal Exploitation Attempts id: 7745c2ea-24a5-4290-b680-04359cb84b35 status: test description: Detects path traversal exploitation attempts references: - https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates - https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-web/file-inclusion author: Subhash Popuri (@pbssubhash), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Thurein Oo, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-09-25 modified: 2023-08-31 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: category: webserver detection: selection: cs-uri-query|contains: - ../../../../../lib/password - ../../../../windows/ - ../../../etc/ - ..%252f..%252f..%252fetc%252f - ..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afetc%c0%af - '%252e%252e%252fetc%252f' condition: selection falsepositives: - Expected to be continuously seen on systems exposed to the Internet - Internal vulnerability scanners level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3075
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3075. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3053, CVE-2015-3054, CVE-2015-3055, and CVE-2015-3059.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7687. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in OpenSMTPD before 5.7.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execute arbitrary code via vectors involving req_ca_vrfy_smtp and req_ca_vrfy_mta.
Query: detection rule: Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitra
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitra. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Visual Studio NodejsTools PressAnyKey Renamed Execution id: 65c3ca2c-525f-4ced-968e-246a713d164f related: - id: a20391f8-76fb-437b-abc0-dba2df1952c6 type: similar status: test description: Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitrary binaries references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1463526834918854661 - https://gist.github.com/nasbench/a989ce64cefa8081bd50cf6ad8c491b5 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-11 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe filter_main_legit_name: Image|endswith: \Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects application popup reporting a failure of the Sysmon service. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Sysmon Application Crashed id: 4d7f1827-1637-4def-8d8a-fd254f9454df status: test description: Detects application popup reporting a failure of the Sysmon service references: - https://github.com/nasbench/EVTX-ETW-Resources/blob/f1b010ce0ee1b71e3024180de1a3e67f99701fe4/ETWProvidersManifests/Windows10/1803/W10_1803_Pro_19700101_17134.1/WEPExplorer/Application%20Popup.xml#L36 author: Tim Shelton date: 2022-04-26 modified: 2024-01-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Application Popup EventID: 26 Caption: - sysmon64.exe - Application Error - sysmon.exe - Application Error condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2630
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2630. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Technology stack component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, and 12.1.3 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Applet startup.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9216. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 808, and SD 810, improper handling of simultaneous interrupt in USB module during USB RESET and EP COMPLETE.
Query: detect LSA Secrets
Matching passage: T1003.004 LSA Secrets. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.(Citation: Passcape LSA Secrets)(Citation: Microsoft AD Admin Tier Model)(Citation: Tilbury Windows Credentials) LSA secrets are stored in the registry at <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY\Policy\Secrets</code>. LSA secrets can also be dumped from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets) [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) can be used to extract from the Registry. [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) can be used to extract secrets from memory.(Citation: ired Dumping LSA Secrets)
Near-miss passage: T1003.002 Security Account Manager. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command. Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access. A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques: * pwdumpx.exe * [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008) * [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) * secretsdump.py Alternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg: * <code>reg save HKLM\sam sam</code> * <code>reg save HKLM\system system</code> Creddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: GitHub Creddump7) Notes: * RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator. * RID 501 is the guest account. * User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.