alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: campaign using Scheduled Transfer
Matching passage: T1029 Scheduled Transfer. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may schedule data exfiltration to be performed only at certain times of day or at certain intervals. This could be done to blend traffic patterns with normal activity or availability. When scheduled exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) or [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).
Near-miss passage: T1020.001 Traffic Duplication. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.
Query: detect User has indicated they haven't instigated the MFA prompt and could indicate an attacker has the password for the accoun in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: User has indicated they haven't instigated the MFA prompt and could indicate an attacker has the password for the accoun. Logsource: azure / signinlogs. Rule: title: Multifactor Authentication Denied id: e40f4962-b02b-4192-9bfe-245f7ece1f99 status: test description: User has indicated they haven't instigated the MFA prompt and could indicate an attacker has the password for the account. references: - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/03/22/dev-0537-criminal-actor-targeting-organizations-for-data-exfiltration-and-destruction/ author: AlertIQ date: 2022-03-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 - attack.t1110 - attack.t1621 logsource: product: azure service: signinlogs detection: selection: AuthenticationRequirement: multiFactorAuthentication Status|contains: MFA Denied condition: selection falsepositives: - Users actually login but miss-click into the Deny button when MFA prompt. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious Microsoft desktopimgdownldr execution with parameters used to download files from the Internet. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Desktopimgdownldr Command id: bb58aa4a-b80b-415a-a2c0-2f65a4c81009 status: test description: Detects a suspicious Microsoft desktopimgdownldr execution with parameters used to download files from the Internet references: - https://labs.sentinelone.com/living-off-windows-land-a-new-native-file-downldr/ - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1278977301745741825 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-07-03 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains: ' /lockscreenurl:' selection1_filter: CommandLine|contains: - .jpg - .jpeg - .png selection_reg: CommandLine|contains|all: - reg delete - \PersonalizationCSP condition: ( selection1 and not selection1_filter ) or selection_reg falsepositives: - False positives depend on scripts and administrative tools used in the monitored environment level: high
Query: actor TTPs: Udev Rules
Matching passage: T1546.017 Udev Rules. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may maintain persistence through executing malicious content triggered using udev rules. Udev is the Linux kernel device manager that dynamically manages device nodes, handles access to pseudo-device files in the `/dev` directory, and responds to hardware events, such as when external devices like hard drives or keyboards are plugged in or removed. Udev uses rule files with `match keys` to specify the conditions a hardware event must meet and `action keys` to define the actions that should follow. Root permissions are required to create, modify, or delete rule files located in `/etc/udev/rules.d/`, `/run/udev/rules.d/`, `/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/`, `/usr/local/lib/udev/rules.d/`, and `/lib/udev/rules.d/`. Rule priority is determined by both directory and by the digit prefix in the rule filename.(Citation: Ignacio Udev research 2024)(Citation: Elastic Linux Persistence 2024) Adversaries may abuse the udev subsystem by adding or modifying rules in udev rule files to execute malicious content. For example, an adversary may configure a rule to execute their binary each time the pseudo-device file, such as `/dev/random`, is accessed by an application. Although udev is limited to running short tasks and is restricted by systemd-udevd's sandbox (blocking network and filesystem access), attackers may use scripting commands under the action key `RUN+=` to detach and run the malicious content’s process in the background to bypass these controls.(Citation: Reichert aon sedexp 2024)
Near-miss passage: T1546.010 AppInit DLLs. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)
Query: threat report mentioning Create Cloud Instance
Matching passage: T1578.002 Create Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may create a new instance or virtual machine (VM) within the compute service of a cloud account to evade defenses. Creating a new instance may allow an adversary to bypass firewall rules and permissions that exist on instances currently residing within an account. An adversary may [Create Snapshot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001) of one or more volumes in an account, create a new instance, mount the snapshots, and then apply a less restrictive security policy to collect [Data from Local System](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1005) or for [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002).(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) Creating a new instance may also allow an adversary to carry out malicious activity within an environment without affecting the execution of current running instances.
Near-miss passage: T1578.001 Create Snapshot. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)
Query: exploit Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous befo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5089. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-8450, CVE-2015-4449, CVE-2015-4450, CVE-2015-5088, and CVE-2015-5092.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1165. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. RT (aka Request Tracker) 3.8.8 through 4.x before 4.0.23 and 4.2.x before 4.2.10 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive RSS feed URLs and ticket data via unspecified vectors.
Query: indicators of Encrypted/Encoded File
Matching passage: T1027.013 Encrypted/Encoded File. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may encrypt or encode files to obfuscate strings, bytes, and other specific patterns to impede detection. Encrypting and/or encoding file content aims to conceal malicious artifacts within a file used in an intrusion. Many other techniques, such as [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), [Steganography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/003), and [Embedded Payloads](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/009), share this same broad objective. Encrypting and/or encoding files could lead to a lapse in detection of static signatures, only for this malicious content to be revealed (i.e., [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)) at the time of execution/use. This type of file obfuscation can be applied to many file artifacts present on victim hosts, such as malware log/configuration and payload files.(Citation: File obfuscation) Files can be encrypted with a hardcoded or user-supplied key, as well as otherwise obfuscated using standard encoding schemes such as Base64. The entire content of a file may be obfuscated, or just specific functions or values (such as C2 addresses). Encryption and encoding may also be applied in redundant layers for additional protection. For example, adversaries may abuse password-protected Word documents or self-extracting (SFX) archives as a method of encrypting/encoding a file such as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) payload. These files typically function by attaching the intended archived content to a decompressor stub that is executed when the file is invoked (e.g., [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204)).(Citation: SFX - Encrypted/Encoded File) Adversaries may also abuse file-specific as well as custom encoding schemes. For example, Byte Order Mark (BOM) headers in text files may be abused to manipulate and obfuscate file content until [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techn
Near-miss passage: T1027.002 Software Packing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: Awesome Executable Packing)
Query: risk of Blue Coat Unified Agent before 4.6.2 does not prevent modification of its configuration files when running in local enforcement mode, which allows local administrators to unblock c
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8482. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Blue Coat Unified Agent before 4.6.2 does not prevent modification of its configuration files when running in local enforcement mode, which allows local administrators to unblock categories or disable the agent via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5897. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. The Address Book framework in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges by using an environment variable to inject code into processes that rely on this framework.
Query: detect Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line i in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line i. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: PowerShell Remote Session Creation id: a0edd39f-a0c6-4c17-8141-261f958e8d8f status: test description: 'Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution. PowerShell is a powerful interactive command-line interface and scripting environment included in the Windows operating system ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1059.001/T1059.001.md#atomic-test-10---powershell-invoke-downloadcradle - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/new-pssession?view=powershell-7.4 author: frack113 date: 2022-01-06 modified: 2023-01-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - New-PSSession - '-ComputerName ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative script level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using a WoW64 logger DLL hijack (UACMe 30). Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: UAC Bypass Using WOW64 Logger DLL Hijack id: 4f6c43e2-f989-4ea5-bcd8-843b49a0317c status: test description: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using a WoW64 logger DLL hijack (UACMe 30) references: - https://github.com/hfiref0x/UACME author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-08-23 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548.002 logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection: SourceImage|contains: :\Windows\SysWOW64\ GrantedAccess: '0x1fffff' CallTrace|startswith: UNKNOWN(0000000000000000)|UNKNOWN(0000000000000000)| condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: alert when Detects when an user account is locked or suspended.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an user account is locked or suspended.. Logsource: onelogin / onelogin.events. Rule: title: OneLogin User Account Locked id: a717c561-d117-437e-b2d9-0118a7035d01 status: test description: Detects when an user account is locked or suspended. references: - https://developers.onelogin.com/api-docs/1/events/event-resource/ author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-10-12 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.impact logsource: product: onelogin service: onelogin.events detection: selection1: event_type_id: 532 selection2: event_type_id: 553 selection3: event_type_id: 551 condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - System may lock or suspend user accounts. level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects regsvr32 execution to download and install DLLs located remotely where the address is an IP address.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious Regsvr32 HTTP IP Pattern id: 2dd2c217-bf68-437a-b57c-fe9fd01d5de8 status: test description: Detects regsvr32 execution to download and install DLLs located remotely where the address is an IP address. references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1461041276514623491 - https://twitter.com/tccontre18/status/1480950986650832903 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Regsvr32/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-11 modified: 2023-05-24 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.010 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \regsvr32.exe - OriginalFileName: REGSVR32.EXE selection_ip: CommandLine|contains: - ' /i:http://1' - ' /i:http://2' - ' /i:http://3' - ' /i:http://4' - ' /i:http://5' - ' /i:http://6' - ' /i:http://7' - ' /i:http://8' - ' /i:http://9' - ' /i:https://1' - ' /i:https://2' - ' /i:https://3' - ' /i:https://4' - ' /i:https://5' - ' /i:https://6' - ' /i:https://7' - ' /i:https://8' - ' /i:https://9' - ' -i:http://1' - ' -i:http://2' - ' -i:http://3' - ' -i:http://4' - ' -i:http://5' - ' -i:http://6' - ' -i:http://7' - ' -i:http://8' - ' -i:http://9' - ' -i:https://1' - ' -i:https://2' - ' -i:https://3' - ' -i:https://4' - ' -i:https://5' - ' -i:https://6' - ' -i:https://7' - ' -i:https://8' - ' -i:https://9' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - FQDNs that start with a number such as "7-Zip" level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-2897
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2897. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 10.0. Sierra Wireless ALEOS before 4.4.2 on AirLink ES, GX, and LS devices has hardcoded root accounts, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain administrative access via a (1) SSH or (2) TELNET session.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7514. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. OpenStack Ironic 4.2.0 through 4.2.1 does not "clean" the disk after use, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5563
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5563. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5550, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5564, and CVE-2015-5565.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2652. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Marketing component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.1, 12.1.2, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Web Management.
Query: detection rule: Detects a method to load DLL via LSASS process using an undocumented Registry key
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a method to load DLL via LSASS process using an undocumented Registry key. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: DLL Load via LSASS id: b3503044-60ce-4bf4-bbcb-e3db98788823 status: test description: Detects a method to load DLL via LSASS process using an undocumented Registry key references: - https://blog.xpnsec.com/exploring-mimikatz-part-1/ - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1183745981189427200 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-10-16 modified: 2022-04-21 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.008 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\DirectoryServiceExtPt - \CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\LsaDbExtPt filter_domain_controller: Image: C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe Details: - '%%systemroot%%\system32\ntdsa.dll' - '%%systemroot%%\system32\lsadb.dll' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects uses of the SysInternals ProcDump utility in which ProcDump or its output get renamed, or a dump file is moved o. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential SysInternals ProcDump Evasion id: 79b06761-465f-4f88-9ef2-150e24d3d737 status: test description: Detects uses of the SysInternals ProcDump utility in which ProcDump or its output get renamed, or a dump file is moved or copied to a different name references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1480785527901204481 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-11 modified: 2023-05-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.credential-access logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: - copy procdump - move procdump selection_2: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'copy ' - '.dmp ' CommandLine|contains: - 2.dmp - lsass - out.dmp selection_3: CommandLine|contains: - copy lsass.exe_ - move lsass.exe_ condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - False positives are expected in cases in which ProcDump just gets copied to a different directory without any renaming level: high
Query: detect Detects the creation of files created by mimikatz such as ".kirbi", "mimilsa.log", etc. in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of files created by mimikatz such as ".kirbi", "mimilsa.log", etc.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: HackTool - Mimikatz Kirbi File Creation id: 9e099d99-44c2-42b6-a6d8-54c3545cab29 related: - id: 034affe8-6170-11ec-844f-0f78aa0c4d66 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the creation of files created by mimikatz such as ".kirbi", "mimilsa.log", etc. references: - https://cobalt.io/blog/kerberoast-attack-techniques - https://pentestlab.blog/2019/10/21/persistence-security-support-provider/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), David ANDRE date: 2021-11-08 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1558 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: - .kirbi - mimilsa.log condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Identifies user account which has been locked because the user tried to sign in too many times with an incorrect user ID. Logsource: azure / signinlogs. Rule: title: Account Lockout id: 2b7d6fc0-71ac-4cf7-8ed1-b5788ee5257a status: test description: Identifies user account which has been locked because the user tried to sign in too many times with an incorrect user ID or password. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-privileged-accounts author: AlertIQ date: 2021-10-10 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1110 logsource: product: azure service: signinlogs detection: selection: ResultType: 50053 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium