alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0741
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0741. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Cisco Prime Central for Hosted Collaboration Solution (PC4HCS) 10.6(1) and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCut04596.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2143. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Issuetracker phpBugTracker before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that cause an unspecified impact via unknown parameters.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2411
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2411. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1733 and CVE-2015-2389.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9206. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 650/52, SD 808, and SD 810, during XML encoding of a message in the Playready module, a buffer overread may occur if the message passed is large.
Query: risk of The wp-stats-dashboard plugin through 2.9.4 for WordPress has admin/graph_trend.php type SQL injection.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9399. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The wp-stats-dashboard plugin through 2.9.4 for WordPress has admin/graph_trend.php type SQL injection.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10056. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in 2071174A vinylmap. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function contact of the file recordstoreapp/views.py. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The name of the patch is b07b79a1e92cc62574ba0492cce000ef4a7bd25f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218400.
Query: weakness Use of Uninitialized Variable
Matching passage: CWE-457 Use of Uninitialized Variable. The code uses a variable that has not been initialized, leading to unpredictable or unintended results.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1254 Incorrect Comparison Logic Granularity. The product's comparison logic is performed over a series of steps rather than across the entire string in one operation. If there is a comparison logic failure on one of these steps, the operation may be vulnerable to a timing attack that can result in the interception of the process for nefarious purposes.
Query: detection rule: Detects the use of DefenderCheck, a tool to evaluate the signatures used in Microsoft Defender. It can be used to figure
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of DefenderCheck, a tool to evaluate the signatures used in Microsoft Defender. It can be used to figure. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - DefenderCheck Execution id: f0ca6c24-3225-47d5-b1f5-352bf07ecfa7 status: test description: Detects the use of DefenderCheck, a tool to evaluate the signatures used in Microsoft Defender. It can be used to figure out the strings / byte chains used in Microsoft Defender to detect a tool and thus used for AV evasion. references: - https://github.com/matterpreter/DefenderCheck author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-30 modified: 2023-02-04 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \DefenderCheck.exe - Description: DefenderCheck condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: HackTool - HandleKatz Duplicating LSASS Handle id: b1bd3a59-c1fd-4860-9f40-4dd161a7d1f5 status: test description: Detects HandleKatz opening LSASS to duplicate its handle to later dump the memory without opening any new handles references: - https://github.com/codewhitesec/HandleKatz author: Bhabesh Raj (rule), @thefLinkk date: 2022-06-27 modified: 2023-11-28 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1106 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.credential-access logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection: TargetImage|endswith: \lsass.exe GrantedAccess: '0x1440' CallTrace|startswith: C:\Windows\System32\ntdll.dll+ CallTrace|contains: '|UNKNOWN(' CallTrace|endswith: ) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1961
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1961. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 9.0. The REST API in IBM Business Process Manager (BPM) 7.5.x through 7.5.1.2, 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0 through 8.5.0.1, 8.5.5 through 8.5.5.0, and 8.5.6 through 8.5.6.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and execute arbitrary JavaScript code on the server via an unspecified API call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5623. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 4.0. WordPress before 4.2.3 does not properly verify the edit_posts capability, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and create drafts by leveraging the Subscriber role, as demonstrated by a post-quickdraft-save action to wp-admin/post.php.
Query: detect Masquerade Task or Service
Matching passage: T1036.004 Masquerade Task or Service. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to manipulate the name of a task or service to make it appear legitimate or benign. Tasks/services executed by the Task Scheduler or systemd will typically be given a name and/or description.(Citation: TechNet Schtasks)(Citation: Systemd Service Units) Windows services will have a service name as well as a display name. Many benign tasks and services exist that have commonly associated names. Adversaries may give tasks or services names that are similar or identical to those of legitimate ones. Tasks or services contain other fields, such as a description, that adversaries may attempt to make appear legitimate.(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Fysbis Dr Web Analysis)
Near-miss passage: T1036.006 Space after Filename. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.
Query: intelligence brief on T1070.010
Matching passage: T1070.010 Relocate Malware. Tactics: stealth. Description: Once a payload is delivered, adversaries may reproduce copies of the same malware on the victim system to remove evidence of their presence and/or avoid defenses. Copying malware payloads to new locations may also be combined with [File Deletion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070/004) to cleanup older artifacts. Relocating malware may be a part of many actions intended to evade defenses. For example, adversaries may copy and rename payloads to better blend into the local environment (i.e., [Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: DFIR Report Trickbot June 2023) Payloads may also be repositioned to target [File/Path Exclusions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564/012) as well as specific locations associated with establishing [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003).(Citation: Latrodectus APR 2024) Relocating malicious payloads may also hinder defensive analysis, especially to separate these payloads from earlier events (such as [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) and [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)) that may have generated alerts or otherwise drawn attention from defenders. Moving payloads into target directories does not alter the Creation timestamp, thereby evading detection logic reliant on modifications to this artifact (i.e., [Timestomp](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070/006)).
Near-miss passage: T1070.009 Clear Persistence. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may clear artifacts associated with previously established persistence on a host system to remove evidence of their activity. This may involve various actions, such as removing services, deleting executables, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), [Plist File Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1647), or other methods of cleanup to prevent defenders from collecting evidence of their persistent presence.(Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) Adversaries may also delete accounts previously created to maintain persistence (i.e. [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136)).(Citation: Talos - Cisco Attack 2022) In some instances, artifacts of persistence may also be removed once an adversary’s persistence is executed in order to prevent errors with the new instance of the malware.(Citation: NCC Group Team9 June 2020)
Query: detect Identifies when a service account is disabled or deleted in Google Cloud. in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a service account is disabled or deleted in Google Cloud.. Logsource: gcp / gcp.audit. Rule: title: Google Cloud Service Account Disabled or Deleted id: 13f81a90-a69c-4fab-8f07-b5bb55416a9f status: test description: Identifies when a service account is disabled or deleted in Google Cloud. references: - https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects.serviceAccounts author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-14 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1531 logsource: product: gcp service: gcp.audit detection: selection: gcp.audit.method_name|endswith: - .serviceAccounts.disable - .serviceAccounts.delete condition: selection falsepositives: - Service Account being disabled or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - Service Account disabled or deleted from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed "ftp.exe" binary based on the PE metadata fields. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed FTP.EXE Execution id: 277a4393-446c-449a-b0ed-7fdc7795244c status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed "ftp.exe" binary based on the PE metadata fields references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Ftp/ author: Victor Sergeev, oscd.community date: 2020-10-09 modified: 2023-02-03 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059 - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_original: OriginalFileName: ftp.exe filter_img: Image|endswith: \ftp.exe condition: selection_original and not filter_img falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_renamed_ftp/info.yml
Query: actor TTPs: Automated Exfiltration
Matching passage: T1020 Automated Exfiltration. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection.(Citation: ESET Gamaredon June 2020) When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).
Near-miss passage: T1020.001 Traffic Duplication. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6349
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6349. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web interface in the Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0696. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the login page in Cisco TC Software before 7.1.0 on Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Desk and Room Endpoints devices allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq94977.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6932
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6932. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. VMware vCenter Server 5.5 before u3 and 6.0 before u1 does not verify X.509 certificates from TLS LDAP servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4550. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Cavium cryptographic-module firmware on Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) devices with software 9.3(3) and 9.4(1.1) does not verify the AES-GCM Integrity Check Value (ICV) octets, which makes it easier for man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof IPSec and IKEv2 traffic by modifying packet data, aka Bug ID CSCuu66218.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects uses of a renamed legitimate createdump.exe LOLOBIN utility to dump process memory
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects uses of a renamed legitimate createdump.exe LOLOBIN utility to dump process memory. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed CreateDump Utility Execution id: 1a1ed54a-2ba4-4221-94d5-01dee560d71e related: - id: 515c8be5-e5df-4c5e-8f6d-a4a2f05e4b48 type: similar status: test description: Detects uses of a renamed legitimate createdump.exe LOLOBIN utility to dump process memory references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/overwatch-exposes-aquatic-panda-in-possession-of-log-4-shell-exploit-tools/ - https://twitter.com/bopin2020/status/1366400799199272960 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-20 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.credential-access logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_pe: OriginalFileName: FX_VER_INTERNALNAME_STR selection_cli: - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -u ' - ' -f ' - .dmp - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' --full ' - ' --name ' - .dmp filter: Image|endswith: \createdump.exe condition: 1 of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - Command lines that use the same flags level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a new Outlook form which can contain malicious code. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via Outlook Form id: c3edc6a5-d9d4-48d8-930e-aab518390917 status: test description: Detects the creation of a new Outlook form which can contain malicious code references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-persistence-via-microsoft-exchange-server-or-outlook?slide=76 - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-persistence-via-microsoft-exchange-server-or-outlook?slide=79 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/outlook/concepts/outlook-forms/create-an-outlook-form - https://www.slipstick.com/developer/custom-form/clean-outlooks-forms-cache/ author: Tobias Michalski (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-06-10 modified: 2023-02-22 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1137.003 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: Image|endswith: \outlook.exe TargetFilename|contains: - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\FORMS\IPM - \Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Forms condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of outlook forms level: high
Query: EDR alert: possible Archive via Custom Method (T1560.003)
Matching passage: T1560.003 Archive via Custom Method. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)
Near-miss passage: T1560.001 Archive via Utility. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration. Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport. Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration. Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems. On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code> makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file. <code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options. Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration. Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage)
Query: Sigma YAML for aws / cloudtrail
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a transfer lock was removed from a Route 53 domain. It is recommended to refrain from performing this actio. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS Route 53 Domain Transfer Lock Disabled id: 3940b5f1-3f46-44aa-b746-ebe615b879e0 status: test description: Detects when a transfer lock was removed from a Route 53 domain. It is recommended to refrain from performing this action unless intending to transfer the domain to a different registrar. references: - https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/blob/c76a39796972ecde44cb1da6df47f1b6562c9770/rules/integrations/aws/persistence_route_53_domain_transfer_lock_disabled.toml - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/APIReference/API_Operations_Amazon_Route_53.html - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/APIReference/API_domains_DisableDomainTransferLock.html author: Elastic, Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-07-22 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.credential-access - attack.t1098 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: route53.amazonaws.com eventName: DisableDomainTransferLock condition: selection falsepositives: - A domain transfer lock may be disabled by a system or network administrator. Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. Activity from unfamiliar users or hosts should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed Gpg.EXE Execution id: ec0722a3-eb5c-4a56-8ab2-bf6f20708592 status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data. references: - https://securelist.com/locked-out/68960/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2023-08-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1486 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: gpg.exe filter_main_img: Image|endswith: - \gpg.exe - \gpg2.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* level: high
Query: vulnerability: The match function in pcre_exec.c in PCRE before 8.37 mishandles the /(?:((abcd))|(((?:(?:(?:(?:abc|(?:abcdef))))b)abcdefghi)abc)|((*ACCEPT)))/ pattern and related patterns involvi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8382. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. The match function in pcre_exec.c in PCRE before 8.37 mishandles the /(?:((abcd))|(((?:(?:(?:(?:abc|(?:abcdef))))b)abcdefghi)abc)|((*ACCEPT)))/ pattern and related patterns involving (*ACCEPT), which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory or cause a denial of service (partially initialized memory and application crash) via a crafted regular expression, as demonstrated by a JavaScript RegExp object encountered by Konqueror, aka ZDI-CAN-2547.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8083. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. An unspecified module in Huawei eSpace U1910, U1911, U1930, U1960, U1980, and U1981 unified gateways with software before V200R003C00SPC300 does not properly initialize memory when processing timeout messages, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access and device restart) via unknown vectors.
Query: explain CWE-1060
Matching passage: CWE-1060 Excessive Number of Inefficient Server-Side Data Accesses. The product performs too many data queries without using efficient data processing functionality such as stored procedures.
Near-miss passage: CWE-252 Unchecked Return Value. The product does not check the return value from a method or function, which can prevent it from detecting unexpected states and conditions.