alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: vulnerability: Apple OS X before 10.11 does not ensure that the keychain's lock state is displayed correctly, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5915. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 5.0. Apple OS X before 10.11 does not ensure that the keychain's lock state is displayed correctly, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7192. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. The accessibility-tools feature in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 on OS X improperly interacts with the implementation of the TABLE element, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code by using an NSAccessibilityIndexAttribute value to reference a row index.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1373
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1373. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in admin.php in ferretCMS 1.0.4-alpha allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) action parameter in a search request, (2) username in a login request, which is not properly handled when logging the event, or (3) page title in an insert action.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5347. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the getWindowOpenJavaScript function in org.apache.wicket.extensions.ajax.markup.html.modal.ModalWindow in Apache Wicket 1.5.x before 1.5.15, 6.x before 6.22.0, and 7.x before 7.2.0 might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a ModalWindow title.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0522
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0522. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in EMC RSA Certificate Manager (RCM) before 6.9 build 558 and RSA Registration Manager (RRM) before 6.9 build 558 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors related to the email address parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7348. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in zTree 3.5.19.1 and possibly earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the id parameter to demo/en/asyncData/getNodesForBigData.php.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Mass Contact module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.6 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "adminis
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6807. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Mass Contact module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.6 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "administer mass contact" permission to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a category label.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0766. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the administrative web interface in the Management Center component in Cisco FireSIGHT System Software 6.0.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified fields, aka Bug IDs CSCus93566, CSCut31557, and CSCut47196.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2456
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2456. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, Windows 10, Office 2007 SP3 and 2010 SP2, Live Meeting 2007 Console, Lync 2010, Lync 2010 Attendee, Lync 2013 SP1, Lync Basic 2013 SP1, Silverlight before 5.1.40728, and .NET Framework 3.0 SP2, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, and 4.6 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TrueType font, aka "TrueType Font Parsing Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2455.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8000. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. db.c in named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.8-P2 and 9.10.x before 9.10.3-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (REQUIRE assertion failure and daemon exit) via a malformed class attribute.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.24 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via vectors related to DML.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2611. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.24 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via vectors related to DML.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8644. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.233, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.233, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.233 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6637
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6637. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The MediaTek misc-sd driver in Android before 5.1.1 LMY49F and 6.0 before 2016-01-01 allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 25307013.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6614. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Telephony in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY48X allows attackers to gain privileges, and consequently bypass intended network-interface restrictions, perform expensive data transfers, or cause a denial of service (call-reception outage or mute manipulation), via a crafted application, aka internal bug 21900139.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1332
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1332. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The oxide::JavaScriptDialogManager function in oxide-qt before 1.9.1 as packaged in Ubuntu 15.04 and Ubuntu 14.04 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or execute arbitrary code via a crafted website.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7009. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. FontParser in Apple iOS before 9.1 and OS X before 10.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6976, CVE-2015-6977, CVE-2015-6978, CVE-2015-6990, CVE-2015-6991, CVE-2015-6993, CVE-2015-7008, CVE-2015-7010, and CVE-2015-7018.
Query: explain CWE-566
Matching passage: CWE-566 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled SQL Primary Key. The product uses a database table that includes records that should not be accessible to an actor, but it executes a SQL statement with a primary key that can be controlled by that actor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-453 Insecure Default Variable Initialization. The product, by default, initializes an internal variable with an insecure or less secure value than is possible.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2922
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2922. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The ndisc_router_discovery function in net/ipv6/ndisc.c in the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol implementation in the IPv6 stack in the Linux kernel before 3.19.6 allows remote attackers to reconfigure a hop-limit setting via a small hop_limit value in a Router Advertisement (RA) message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4943. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. IBM WebSphere MQ Light 1.x before 1.0.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (MQXR service crash) via a series of connect and disconnect actions, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4942.
Query: vulnerability: Kaspersky Total Security 2015 15.0.2.361 allocates memory with Read, Write, Execute (RWX) permissions at predictable addresses when protecting user-mode processes, which allows att
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8579. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Kaspersky Total Security 2015 15.0.2.361 allocates memory with Read, Write, Execute (RWX) permissions at predictable addresses when protecting user-mode processes, which allows attackers to bypass the DEP and ASLR protection mechanisms via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3435. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 10.0. Samsung Security Manager (SSM) before 1.31 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with an HTTP (1) PUT or (2) MOVE request.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects direct modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry using reg.exe.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Direct Autorun Keys Modification id: 24357373-078f-44ed-9ac4-6d334a668a11 status: test description: Detects direct modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry using reg.exe. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md - https://github.com/HackTricks-wiki/hacktricks/blob/e4c7b21b8f36c97c35b7c622732b38a189ce18f7/src/windows-hardening/windows-local-privilege-escalation/privilege-escalation-with-autorun-binaries.md author: Victor Sergeev, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2026-01-05 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_cli_add: CommandLine|contains: add selection_cli_keys: CommandLine|contains: - \software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run - \software\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run - \software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run - \software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Userinit - \software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Shell - \software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows - \system\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot\AlternateShell condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate software automatically (mostly, during installation) sets up autorun keys for legitimate reasons. - Legitimate administrator sets up autorun keys for legitimate reasons. - Discord level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of winget to add new additional download sources. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Add New Download Source To Winget id: 05ebafc8-7aa2-4bcd-a269-2aec93f9e842 related: - id: 81a0ecb5-0a41-4ba1-b2ba-c944eb92bfa2 type: similar - id: c15a46a0-07d4-4c87-b4b6-89207835a83b type: similar status: test description: Detects usage of winget to add new additional download sources references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget/source - https://github.com/nasbench/Misc-Research/tree/b9596e8109dcdb16ec353f316678927e507a5b8d/LOLBINs/Winget author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \winget.exe - OriginalFileName: winget.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'source ' - 'add ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - False positive are expected with legitimate sources level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1068
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1068. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0885. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. checkpw 1.02 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a -- (dash dash) in a username.
Query: common weakness: Improper Neutralization of Comment Delimiters
Matching passage: CWE-151 Improper Neutralization of Comment Delimiters. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as comment delimiters when they are sent to a downstream component.
Near-miss passage: CWE-496 Public Data Assigned to Private Array-Typed Field. Assigning public data to a private array is equivalent to giving public access to the array.
Query: what is T1125
Matching passage: T1125 Video Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., integrated cameras or webcams) or applications (e.g., video call services) to capture video recordings for the purpose of gathering information. Images may also be captured from devices or applications, potentially in specified intervals, in lieu of video files. Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture video or images. Video or image files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later. This technique differs from [Screen Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113) due to use of specific devices or applications for video recording rather than capturing the victim's screen. In macOS, there are a few different malware samples that record the user's webcam such as FruitFly and Proton. (Citation: objective-see 2017 review)
Near-miss passage: T1114.003 Email Forwarding Rule. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim’s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface. Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules) Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more. Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsof
Query: risk of TPview.dll in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.6 and 11.x before 11.1.1, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.6 and 7.x before 7.1.1, and VMware Horizon Client 3.2.x before 3.2.1, 3.3.x
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2338. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. TPview.dll in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.6 and 11.x before 11.1.1, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.6 and 7.x before 7.1.1, and VMware Horizon Client 3.2.x before 3.2.1, 3.3.x, and 5.x local-mode before 5.4.2 on Windows does not properly allocate memory, which allows guest OS users to cause a host OS denial of service via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2339.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4145. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. The EAP-pwd server and peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 does not validate a fragment is already being processed, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory leak) via a crafted message.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple integer overflows in the (1) get_time_t_max and (2) get_time_t_min functions in archive_read_support_format_mtree.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allow remote attackers to ha
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8931. CWE: CWE-190. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Multiple integer overflows in the (1) get_time_t_max and (2) get_time_t_min functions in archive_read_support_format_mtree.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allow remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted mtree file, which triggers undefined behavior.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1529. CWE: CWE-190. CVSS: 7.5. Integer overflow in soundtrigger/ISoundTriggerHwService.cpp in Android allows attacks to cause a denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2121
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2121. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. HP Network Virtualization for LoadRunner and Performance Center 8.61 and 11.52 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted filename in a URL to the (1) HttpServlet or (2) NetworkEditorController component, aka ZDI-CAN-2569.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0943. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Basware Banking (Maksuliikenne) before 9.10.0.0 does not encrypt communication between the client and the backend server, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to obtain encryption keys, user credentials, and other sensitive information by sniffing the network or modify this traffic by inserting packets into the client-server data stream.
Query: adversary uses Process Argument Spoofing
Matching passage: T1564.010 Process Argument Spoofing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to hide process command-line arguments by overwriting process memory. Process command-line arguments are stored in the process environment block (PEB), a data structure used by Windows to store various information about/used by a process. The PEB includes the process command-line arguments that are referenced when executing the process. When a process is created, defensive tools/sensors that monitor process creations may retrieve the process arguments from the PEB.(Citation: Microsoft PEB 2021)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019) Adversaries may manipulate a process PEB to evade defenses. For example, [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) can be abused to spawn a process in a suspended state with benign arguments. After the process is spawned and the PEB is initialized (and process information is potentially logged by tools/sensors), adversaries may override the PEB to modify the command-line arguments (ex: using the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) <code>WriteProcessMemory()</code> function) then resume process execution with malicious arguments.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Arguments 2019)(Citation: Xpn Argue Like Cobalt 2019)(Citation: Nviso Spoof Command Line 2020) Adversaries may also execute a process with malicious command-line arguments then patch the memory with benign arguments that may bypass subsequent process memory analysis.(Citation: FireEye FiveHands April 2021) This behavior may also be combined with other tricks (such as [Parent PID Spoofing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/004)) to manipulate or further evade process-based detections.
Near-miss passage: T1564.011 Ignore Process Interrupts. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals. Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior. Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man) These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes. Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue) This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection. Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Obfuscated Files or Information
Matching passage: T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses. Payloads may be compressed, archived, or encrypted in order to avoid detection. These payloads may be used during Initial Access or later to mitigate detection. Sometimes a user's action may be required to open and [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016) Adversaries may also use compressed or archived scripts, such as JavaScript. Portions of files can also be encoded to hide the plain-text strings that would otherwise help defenders with discovery.(Citation: Linux/Cdorked.A We Live Security Analysis) Payloads may also be split into separate, seemingly benign files that only reveal malicious functionality when reassembled.(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016) Adversaries may also abuse [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010) to obscure commands executed from payloads or directly via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). Environment variables, aliases, characters, and other platform/language specific semantics can be used to evade signature based detections and application control mechanisms.(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017)(Citation: FireEye Revoke-Obfuscation July 2017)(Citation: PaloAlto EncodedCommand March 2017)
Near-miss passage: T1027.002 Software Packing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: Awesome Executable Packing)