alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CWE for Unprotected Transport of Credentials
Matching passage: CWE-523 Unprotected Transport of Credentials. Login pages do not use adequate measures to protect the user name and password while they are in transit from the client to the server.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1288 Improper Validation of Consistency within Input. The product receives a complex input with multiple elements or fields that must be consistent with each other, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input is actually consistent.
Query: intelligence brief on T1027.010
Matching passage: T1027.010 Command Obfuscation. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection. Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns within commands and scripts more difficult to signature and analyze. This type of obfuscation can be included within commands executed by delivered payloads (e.g., [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)) or interactively via [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059).(Citation: Akamai JS)(Citation: Malware Monday VBE) For example, adversaries may abuse syntax that utilizes various symbols and escape characters (such as spacing, `^`, `+`. `$`, and `%`) to make commands difficult to analyze while maintaining the same intended functionality.(Citation: RC PowerShell) Many languages support built-in obfuscation in the form of base64 or URL encoding.(Citation: Microsoft PowerShellB64) Adversaries may also manually implement command obfuscation via string splitting (`“Wor”+“d.Application”`), order and casing of characters (`rev <<<'dwssap/cte/ tac'`), globing (`mkdir -p '/tmp/:&$NiA'`), as well as various tricks involving passing strings through tokens/environment variables/input streams.(Citation: Bashfuscator Command Obfuscators)(Citation: FireEye Obfuscation June 2017) Adversaries may also use tricks such as directory traversals to obfuscate references to the binary being invoked by a command (`C:\voi\pcw\..\..\Windows\tei\qs\k\..\..\..\system32\erool\..\wbem\wg\je\..\..\wmic.exe shadowcopy delete`).(Citation: Twitter Richard WMIC) Tools such as <code>Invoke-Obfuscation</code> and <code>Invoke-DOSfucation</code> have also been used to obfuscate commands.(Citation: Invoke-DOSfuscation)(Citation: Invoke-Obfuscation)
Near-miss passage: T1027.002 Software Packing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: Awesome Executable Packing)
Query: risk of mdeploy.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.9, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, and 2.8.x before 2.8.4 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and ext
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2267. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 4.0. mdeploy.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.9, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, and 2.8.x before 2.8.4 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and extract archives to arbitrary directories via a crafted dataroot value.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7184. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The fetch API implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0.2 does not restrict access to the HTTP response body in certain situations where user credentials are supplied but the CORS cross-origin request algorithm is improperly followed, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via a crafted web site.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1870
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1870. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.5. The event scripts in Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (ABRT) uses world-readable permission on a copy of sosreport file in problem directories, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from /var/log/messages via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2742. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Mozilla Firefox before 39.0 on OS X includes native key press information during the logging of crashes, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging access to a crash-reporting data stream.
Query: secure coding against Windows Shortcut Following (.LNK)
Matching passage: CWE-64 Windows Shortcut Following (.LNK). The product, when opening a file or directory, does not sufficiently handle when the file is a Windows shortcut (.LNK) whose target is outside of the intended control sphere. This could allow an attacker to cause the product to operate on unauthorized files.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1239 Improper Zeroization of Hardware Register. The hardware product does not properly clear sensitive information from built-in registers when the user of the hardware block changes.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Taxonomy Find module 6.x-2.x through 6.x-1.2 and 7.x-2.x through 7.x-1.0 in Drupal allows remote authenticated users with certain pe
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7878. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Taxonomy Find module 6.x-2.x through 6.x-1.2 and 7.x-2.x through 7.x-1.0 in Drupal allows remote authenticated users with certain permissions to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via taxonomy vocabulary and term names.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5532. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Paid Memberships Pro (PMPro) plugin before 1.8.4.3 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) s parameter to membershiplevels.php, (2) memberslist.php, or (3) orders.php in adminpages/ or the (4) edit parameter to adminpages/membershiplevels.php.
Query: detect Detects the dump of highly sensitive files such as "NTDS.DIT" and "SECURITY" hive. Attackers can leverage the "wbadmin" in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the dump of highly sensitive files such as "NTDS.DIT" and "SECURITY" hive. Attackers can leverage the "wbadmin". Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Sensitive File Recovery From Backup Via Wbadmin.EXE id: 84972c80-251c-4c3a-9079-4f00aad93938 related: - id: 6fe4aa1e-0531-4510-8be2-782154b73b48 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects the dump of highly sensitive files such as "NTDS.DIT" and "SECURITY" hive. Attackers can leverage the "wbadmin" utility in order to dump sensitive files that might contain credential or sensitive information. ' references: - https://github.com/LOLBAS-Project/LOLBAS/blob/2cc01b01132b5c304027a658c698ae09dd6a92bf/yml/OSBinaries/Wbadmin.yml - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wbadmin/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/wbadmin-start-recovery - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/wbadmin-start-backup author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2024-05-10 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \wbadmin.exe - OriginalFileName: WBADMIN.EXE selection_backup: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' recovery' - recoveryTarget - itemtype:File CommandLine|contains: - \config\SAM - \config\SECURITY - \config\SYSTEM - \Windows\NTDS\NTDS.dit condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. This event must not be ignored just because. Logsource: antivirus. Rule: title: Antivirus - Remote Access Tools Signature id: 97233998-3838-4581-88c6-f1d19d3993fb status: experimental description: 'Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place. ' references: - https://www.nextron-systems.com/?s=antivirus - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/d9669f7e3eb3a9cdf6a750eeb2ba303b5ae148a43e36546896f1d1801e912466 author: Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems) date: 2026-06-15 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1203 - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: category: antivirus detection: selection: Signature|contains: - AgentB - AgentTesla - AMRat - Ammyy - AsyncRAT - Bandook - Bitrat - Bladabindi - Connectwise - CyberGate - DarkComet - DCrat - Delf - DokStorm - Egairtigado - Gh0st - Gorat - GodRat - Jalapeno - LummaC2 - Minirat - Netwire - NanoCore - NJRat - Paralax - PlugX - Pulsar - Quasar - Remcos - Ravartar - RemoteAdmin - RemoteTool - revengeRAT - rokRAT - salatstealer - Salgorea - SmokedHam - TigerRat - Tzeebot - WarZone - VenomRAT - Vidar - Wirenet - XWorm - Zapchast - Zegost condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Query: exploit The RenderCounter::updateCounter function in core/rendering/RenderCounter.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, does not force a relayout operation and conseq
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1228. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. The RenderCounter::updateCounter function in core/rendering/RenderCounter.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, does not force a relayout operation and consequently does not initialize memory for a data structure, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequence.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1741. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1752.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7286
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7286. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. CSL DualCom GPRS CS2300-R devices with firmware 1.25 through 3.53 rely on a polyalphabetic substitution cipher with hardcoded keys, which makes it easier for remote attackers to defeat a cryptographic protection mechanism by capturing IP or V.22bis PSTN protocol traffic.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8329. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.0. SAP Manufacturing Integration and Intelligence (aka MII, formerly xMII) uses weak encryption (Base64 and DES), which allows attackers to conduct downgrade attacks and decrypt passwords via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2240274.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4899
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4899. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle GlassFish Server component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 3.0.1 and 3.1.2 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8068. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: explain CWE-1177
Matching passage: CWE-1177 Use of Prohibited Code. The product uses a function, library, or third party component that has been explicitly prohibited, whether by the developer or the customer.
Near-miss passage: CWE-238 Improper Handling of Incomplete Structural Elements. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when a particular structural element is not completely specified.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1759
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1759. CWE: CWE-19. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack SP3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1270. CWE: CWE-19. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ucnv_io_getConverterName function in common/ucnv_io.cpp in International Components for Unicode (ICU), as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, mishandles converter names with initial x- substrings, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (read of uninitialized memory) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted file.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5179
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5179. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. FreeIPA might display user data improperly via vectors involving non-printable characters.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6934. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Serialized-object interfaces in VMware vRealize Orchestrator 6.x, vCenter Orchestrator 5.x, vRealize Operations 6.x, vCenter Operations 5.x, and vCenter Application Discovery Manager (vADM) 7.x allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted serialized Java object, related to the Apache Commons Collections library.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the execution of a binary from the Linux shared memory directory /dev/shm. This directory is a tmpfs mount backe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a binary from the Linux shared memory directory /dev/shm. This directory is a tmpfs mount backe. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Process Execution From Shared Memory Directory id: 5cd16c8f-44a6-4654-81e7-a84d6db507d4 status: experimental description: 'Detects the execution of a binary from the Linux shared memory directory /dev/shm. This directory is a tmpfs mount backed entirely by RAM and is abused by attackers for fileless malware staging because files written there never touch physical disk and may evade disk-based detection. ' references: - https://www.sysdig.com/blog/containers-read-only-fileless-malware - https://unfinished.bike/fun-with-the-new-bpfdoor-2023 - https://asiapacificdefencereporter.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Final-CRWD-2023-Threat-Hunting-Report.pdf - https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/blog/how-to-hunt-for-decisivearchitect-and-justforfun-implant/ - https://www.linkedin.com/posts/avradeep_malware-apt-infostealer-activity-7373203959697719296-JR-7 - https://www.stormshield.com/news/orbit-analysis-of-a-linux-dedicated-malware/ author: Stan Beukers date: 2026-06-20 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.execution - attack.t1027.011 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|startswith: /dev/shm/ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely in production environments; some container runtimes or IPC frameworks may use /dev/shm for inter-process communication but should not spawn executables. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious DACL modifications via the "Set-Service" cmdlet using the "SecurityDescriptorSddl" flag (Only availab. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Service DACL Modification Via Set-Service Cmdlet id: a95b9b42-1308-4735-a1af-abb1c5e6f5ac related: - id: 99cf1e02-00fb-4c0d-8375-563f978dfd37 type: derived status: test description: Detects suspicious DACL modifications via the "Set-Service" cmdlet using the "SecurityDescriptorSddl" flag (Only available with PowerShell 7) that can be used to hide services or make them unstopable references: - https://www.sans.org/blog/red-team-tactics-hiding-windows-services/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/pt-br/windows/win32/secauthz/sid-strings author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1543.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: pwsh.dll selection_sddl_flag: CommandLine|contains: - '-SecurityDescriptorSddl ' - '-sd ' selection_set_service: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'Set-Service ' - D;; CommandLine|contains: - ;;;IU - ;;;SU - ;;;BA - ;;;SY - ;;;WD condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-8509
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8509. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.5. Template.pm in Bugzilla 2.x, 3.x, and 4.x before 4.2.16, 4.3.x and 4.4.x before 4.4.11, and 4.5.x and 5.0.x before 5.0.2 does not properly construct CSV files, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging a web browser that interprets CSV data as JavaScript code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3142. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. The kernel-invoked coredump processor in Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (ABRT) does not properly check the ownership of files before writing core dumps to them, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by leveraging write permissions to the working directory of a crashed application.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0460. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0476. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the SQL Trace Analyzer component in Oracle Support Tools before 12.1.11 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors.
Query: write Sigma for Detects suspicious PowerShell download command
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious PowerShell download command. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Suspicious PowerShell Download - Powershell Script id: 403c2cc0-7f6b-4925-9423-bfa573bed7eb related: - id: 65531a81-a694-4e31-ae04-f8ba5bc33759 type: derived status: test description: Detects suspicious PowerShell download command references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.webclient.downloadstring?view=net-8.0 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.webclient.downloadfile?view=net-8.0 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-05 modified: 2022-12-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: webclient: ScriptBlockText|contains: System.Net.WebClient download: ScriptBlockText|contains: - .DownloadFile( - .DownloadFileAsync( - .DownloadString( - .DownloadStringAsync( condition: webclient and download falsepositives: - PowerShell scripts that download content from the Internet level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their tools and activities by removing Windows Def. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Windows Defender Definition Files Removed id: 9719a8aa-401c-41af-8108-ced7ec9cd75c status: test description: Adversaries may disable security tools to avoid possible detection of their tools and activities by removing Windows Defender Definition Files references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-gorgon-group-slithering-nation-state-cybercrime/ author: frack113 date: 2021-07-07 modified: 2023-07-18 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \MpCmdRun.exe - OriginalFileName: MpCmdRun.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -RemoveDefinitions' - ' -All' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: explain CWE-1050
Matching passage: CWE-1050 Excessive Platform Resource Consumption within a Loop. The product has a loop body or loop condition that contains a control element that directly or indirectly consumes platform resources, e.g. messaging, sessions, locks, or file descriptors.
Near-miss passage: CWE-135 Incorrect Calculation of Multi-Byte String Length. The product does not correctly calculate the length of strings that can contain wide or multi-byte characters.