alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma rule for Detects access to Signal Desktop's sensitive data files: db.sqlite and config.json. The db.sqlite file in Signal Desktop
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects access to Signal Desktop's sensitive data files: db.sqlite and config.json. The db.sqlite file in Signal Desktop. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: File Access Of Signal Desktop Sensitive Data id: 5d6c375a-18ae-4952-b4f6-8b803f6c8555 status: experimental description: 'Detects access to Signal Desktop''s sensitive data files: db.sqlite and config.json. The db.sqlite file in Signal Desktop stores all locally saved messages in an encrypted SQLite database, while the config.json contains the decryption key needed to access that data. Since the key is stored in plain text, a threat actor who gains access to both files can decrypt and read sensitive messages without needing the users credentials. Currently the rule only covers the default Signal installation path in AppData\Roaming. Signal Portable installations may use different paths based on user configuration. Additional paths can be added to the selection as needed. ' references: - https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/russia-targeting-signal-messenger/ - https://vmois.dev/query-signal-desktop-messages-sqlite/ author: Andreas Braathen (mnemonic.io) date: 2025-10-19 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: 'Requirements: System Access Control List (SACL) policy with attributes List folder/read data on Objects' detection: selection: EventID: 4663 ObjectType: File ObjectName|contains: \AppData\Roaming\Signal\ ObjectName|endswith: - \config.json - \db.sqlite filter_main_signal: ProcessName|endswith: - \signal-portable.exe - \signal.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unlikely, but possible from AV or backup software accessing the files. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Triggers on any Sysmon "FileExecutableDetected" event, which triggers every time a PE that is monitored by the config is. Logsource: windows / sysmon. Rule: title: Sysmon File Executable Creation Detected id: 693a44e9-7f26-4cb6-b787-214867672d3a status: test description: Triggers on any Sysmon "FileExecutableDetected" event, which triggers every time a PE that is monitored by the config is created. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/sysmon - https://medium.com/@olafhartong/sysmon-15-0-file-executable-detected-40fd64349f36 author: frack113 date: 2023-07-20 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: product: windows service: sysmon detection: selection: EventID: 29 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4644
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4644. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The php_pgsql_meta_data function in pgsql.c in the PostgreSQL (aka pgsql) extension in PHP before 5.4.42, 5.5.x before 5.5.26, and 5.6.x before 5.6.10 does not validate token extraction for table names, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted name. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-1352.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4884. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Application Object Library component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Single Signon.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2406
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2406. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2385, CVE-2015-2390, CVE-2015-2397, CVE-2015-2404, and CVE-2015-2422.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3667. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. QT Media Foundation in Apple QuickTime before 7.7.7, as used in OS X before 10.10.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3661, CVE-2015-3662, CVE-2015-3663, CVE-2015-3666, and CVE-2015-3668.
Query: SOC alert related to Netsh Helper DLL
Matching passage: T1546.007 Netsh Helper DLL. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by Netsh Helper DLLs. Netsh.exe (also referred to as Netshell) is a command-line scripting utility used to interact with the network configuration of a system. It contains functionality to add helper DLLs for extending functionality of the utility.(Citation: TechNet Netsh) The paths to registered netsh.exe helper DLLs are entered into the Windows Registry at <code>HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Netsh</code>. Adversaries can use netsh.exe helper DLLs to trigger execution of arbitrary code in a persistent manner. This execution would take place anytime netsh.exe is executed, which could happen automatically, with another persistence technique, or if other software (ex: VPN) is present on the system that executes netsh.exe as part of its normal functionality.(Citation: Github Netsh Helper CS Beacon)(Citation: Demaske Netsh Persistence)
Near-miss passage: T1546.016 Installer Packages. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by using an installer to trigger the execution of malicious content. Installer packages are OS specific and contain the resources an operating system needs to install applications on a system. Installer packages can include scripts that run prior to installation as well as after installation is complete. Installer scripts may inherit elevated permissions when executed. Developers often use these scripts to prepare the environment for installation, check requirements, download dependencies, and remove files after installation.(Citation: Installer Package Scripting Rich Trouton) Using legitimate applications, adversaries have distributed applications with modified installer scripts to execute malicious content. When a user installs the application, they may be required to grant administrative permissions to allow the installation. At the end of the installation process of the legitimate application, content such as macOS `postinstall` scripts can be executed with the inherited elevated permissions. Adversaries can use these scripts to execute a malicious executable or install other malicious components (such as a [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)) with the elevated permissions.(Citation: Application Bundle Manipulation Brandon Dalton)(Citation: wardle evilquest parti)(Citation: Windows AppleJeus GReAT)(Citation: Debian Manual Maintainer Scripts) Depending on the distribution, Linux versions of package installer scripts are sometimes called maintainer scripts or post installation scripts. These scripts can include `preinst`, `postinst`, `prerm`, `postrm` scripts and run as root when executed. For Windows, the Microsoft Installer services uses `.msi` files to manage the installing, updating, and uninstalling of applications. These installation routines may also include instructions to perform additional actions that may be abused by adversaries.(Citation: Microsoft Installation Pro
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Internal Proxy
Matching passage: T1090.001 Internal Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment. Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion. Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment. By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems.
Near-miss passage: T1090.004 Domain Fronting. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) and other services which host multiple domains to obfuscate the intended destination of HTTPS traffic or traffic tunneled through HTTPS. (Citation: Fifield Blocking Resistent Communication through domain fronting 2015) Domain fronting involves using different domain names in the SNI field of the TLS header and the Host field of the HTTP header. If both domains are served from the same CDN, then the CDN may route to the address specified in the HTTP header after unwrapping the TLS header. A variation of the the technique, "domainless" fronting, utilizes a SNI field that is left blank; this may allow the fronting to work even when the CDN attempts to validate that the SNI and HTTP Host fields match (if the blank SNI fields are ignored). For example, if domain-x and domain-y are customers of the same CDN, it is possible to place domain-x in the TLS header and domain-y in the HTTP header. Traffic will appear to be going to domain-x, however the CDN may route it to domain-y.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8619
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8619. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 7.5. The Human Monitor Interface support in QEMU allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write and application crash).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8613. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 6.5. Stack-based buffer overflow in the megasas_ctrl_get_info function in QEMU, when built with SCSI MegaRAID SAS HBA emulation support, allows local guest users to cause a denial of service (QEMU instance crash) via a crafted SCSI controller CTRL_GET_INFO command.
Query: stealth using System Checks
Matching passage: T1497.001 System Checks. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic. Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. Once executed, malware may also use [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) to check if it was saved in a folder or file with unexpected or even analysis-related naming artifacts such as `malware`, `sample`, or `hash`. Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the
Near-miss passage: T1497.003 Time Based Checks. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect virtualization and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock. Adversaries may use calls like `GetTickCount` and `GetSystemTimeAsFileTime` to discover if they are operating within a virtual machine or sandbox, or may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)
Query: risk of vBulletin 5.x through 5.1.6 allows remote authenticated users to bypass authorization checks and inject private messages into conversations via vectors related to an input validati
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3419. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. vBulletin 5.x through 5.1.6 allows remote authenticated users to bypass authorization checks and inject private messages into conversations via vectors related to an input validation failure.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7047. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted mach message that is misparsed.
Query: detection rule: Detects calls to "get-process" where the output is piped to a "where-object" filter to search for security solution proc
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects calls to "get-process" where the output is piped to a "where-object" filter to search for security solution proc. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Security Software Discovery Via Powershell Script id: 904e8e61-8edf-4350-b59c-b905fc8e810c status: test description: 'Detects calls to "get-process" where the output is piped to a "where-object" filter to search for security solution processes. Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1518.001/T1518.001.md#atomic-test-2---security-software-discovery---powershell author: frack113, Anish Bogati, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-16 modified: 2023-10-24 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1518.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_cmdlet: ScriptBlockText|contains: - get-process | \? - get-process | where - gps | \? - gps | where selection_field: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Company -like - Description -like - Name -like - Path -like - Product -like selection_keywords: ScriptBlockText|contains: - \*avira\* - \*carbonblack\* - \*cylance\* - \*defender\* - \*kaspersky\* - \*malware\* - \*sentinel\* - \*symantec\* - \*virus\* condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - False positives might occur due to the nature of the ScriptBlock being ingested as a big blob. Initial tuning is required. - As the "selection_cmdlet" is common in scripts the matching engine might slow down the search. Change into regex or a more accurate string to avoid heavy resource consumption if experienced level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects installation of new certificate on the system which attackers may use to avoid warnings when connecting to contr. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Install Root Certificate id: 78a80655-a51e-4669-bc6b-e9d206a462ee status: test description: Detects installation of new certificate on the system which attackers may use to avoid warnings when connecting to controlled web servers or C2s references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1553.004/T1553.004.md author: Ömer Günal, oscd.community date: 2020-10-05 modified: 2022-07-07 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1553.004 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: - /update-ca-certificates - /update-ca-trust condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: low
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3449
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3449. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Windows client in SAP Afaria 7.0.6398.0 uses weak permissions (Everyone: read and Everyone: write) for the install folder, which allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse XeService.exe file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1281. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. core/loader/ImageLoader.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, does not properly determine the V8 context of a microtask, which allows remote attackers to bypass Content Security Policy (CSP) restrictions by providing an image from an unintended source.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1536
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1536. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 8.5. Integer overflow in the Bitmap_createFromParcel function in core/jni/android/graphics/Bitmap.cpp in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48I allows attackers to cause a denial of service (system_server crash) or obtain sensitive system_server memory-content information via a crafted application that leverages improper unmarshalling of bitmaps, aka internal bug 19666945.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4022. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 7.5. Integer overflow in the ftp_genlist function in ext/ftp/ftp.c in PHP before 5.4.41, 5.5.x before 5.5.25, and 5.6.x before 5.6.9 allows remote FTP servers to execute arbitrary code via a long reply to a LIST command, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Malicious Image
Matching passage: T1204.003 Malicious Image. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored. Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs) Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021)
Near-miss passage: T1204.004 Malicious Copy and Paste. Tactics: execution. Description: An adversary may rely upon a user copying and pasting code in order to gain execution. Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to copy and paste code directly into a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059). One such strategy is "ClickFix," in which adversaries present users with seemingly helpful solutions—such as prompts to fix errors or complete CAPTCHAs—that instead instruct the user to copy and paste malicious code. Malicious websites, such as those used in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), may present fake error messages or CAPTCHA prompts that instruct users to open a terminal or the Windows Run Dialog box and execute an arbitrary command. These commands may be obfuscated using encoding or other techniques to conceal malicious intent. Once executed, the adversary will typically be able to establish a foothold on the victim's machine.(Citation: CloudSEK Lumma Stealer 2024)(Citation: Sekoia ClickFake 2025)(Citation: Reliaquest CAPTCHA 2024)(Citation: AhnLab LummaC2 2025) Adversaries may also leverage phishing emails for this purpose. When a user attempts to open an attachment, they may be presented with a fake error and offered a malicious command to paste as a solution, consistent with the "ClickFix" strategy.(Citation: Proofpoint ClickFix 2024)(Citation: AhnLab Malicioys Copy Paste 2024) Tricking a user into executing a command themselves may help to bypass email filtering, browser sandboxing, or other mitigations designed to protect users against malicious downloaded files.
Query: alert when Detects execution of Adfind.exe utility, which can be used for reconnaissance in an Active Directory environment
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of Adfind.exe utility, which can be used for reconnaissance in an Active Directory environment. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - AdFind.EXE Execution id: 514e7e3e-b3b4-4a67-af60-be20f139198b related: - id: 455b9d50-15a1-4b99-853f-8d37655a4c1b type: similar status: experimental description: Detects execution of Adfind.exe utility, which can be used for reconnaissance in an Active Directory environment references: - https://www.joeware.net/freetools/tools/adfind/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1087.002/T1087.002.md author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-02-26 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1087.002 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \AdFind.exe - OriginalFileName: AdFind.exe - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=d144de8117df2beceaba2201ad304764 - IMPHASH=12ce1c0f3f5837ecc18a3782408fa975 - IMPHASH=bca5675746d13a1f246e2da3c2217492 - IMPHASH=4fbf3f084fbbb2470b80b2013134df35 - IMPHASH=49b639b4acbecc49d72a01f357aa4930 - IMPHASH=53e117a96057eaf19c41380d0e87f1c2 - IMPHASH=680dad9e300346e05a85023965867201 - IMPHASH=21aa085d54992511b9f115355e468782 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_pua_adfind_execution/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects macOS Gatekeeper bypass via xattr utility. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Gatekeeper Bypass via Xattr id: f5141b6d-9f42-41c6-a7bf-2a780678b29b status: test description: Detects macOS Gatekeeper bypass via xattr utility references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/1fed40dc7e48f16ed44dcdd9c73b9222a70cca85/atomics/T1553.001/T1553.001.md - https://www.loobins.io/binaries/xattr/ author: Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community date: 2020-10-19 modified: 2024-04-18 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1553.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: Image|endswith: /xattr CommandLine|contains|all: - -d - com.apple.quarantine condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate activities level: low