alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: containment actions for Suspicious SEO Poisoning execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: Playbook for T1608.006 SEO Poisoning. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1608.006. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: resource development. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may poison mechanisms that influence search engine optimization (SEO) to further lure staged capabilities towards potential victims. Search engines typically display results to users based on purchased ads as well as the site’s ranking/score/reputation calculated by their web crawlers and algorithms.(Citation: Atlas SEO)(Citation: MalwareBytes SEO) To help facilitate [Drive-by Compromi
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1608.002 Upload Tool. Different response path focused on resource development.
Query: risk of HP CentralView Fraud Risk Management 11.1, 11.2, and 11.3; CentralView Revenue Leakage Control 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3; CentralView Dealer Performance Audit 2.0 and 2.1; CentralView Cred
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5406. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.0. HP CentralView Fraud Risk Management 11.1, 11.2, and 11.3; CentralView Revenue Leakage Control 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3; CentralView Dealer Performance Audit 2.0 and 2.1; CentralView Credit Risk Control 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3; CentralView Roaming Fraud Control 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3; and CentralView Subscription Fraud Prevention 2.0 and 2.1 allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5407 and CVE-2015-5408.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0502. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1 and 8.2 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Portal Framework.
Query: risk of Parts of the Puppet Enterprise Console 3.x were found to be susceptible to clickjacking and CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) attacks. This would allow an attacker to redirect user
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5686. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Parts of the Puppet Enterprise Console 3.x were found to be susceptible to clickjacking and CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) attacks. This would allow an attacker to redirect user input to an untrusted site or hijack a user session.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4379. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Webform Multiple File Upload module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.3 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.3 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of certain users for requests that delete files via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0308. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 16.0.0.272 on Android, Adobe AIR SDK before 16.0.0.272, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 16.0.0.272 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2593. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Access Manager component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11.1.2.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors related to Configuration Service.
Query: explain T1012 Query Registry
Matching passage: T1012 Query Registry. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software. The Registry contains a significant amount of information about the operating system, configuration, software, and security.(Citation: Wikipedia Windows Registry) Information can easily be queried using the [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) utility, though other means to access the Registry exist. Some of the information may help adversaries to further their operation within a network. Adversaries may use the information from [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Near-miss passage: T1082 System Information Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: An adversary may attempt to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware, including version, patches, hotfixes, service packs, and architecture. Adversaries may use this information to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. This behavior is distinct from [Local Storage Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1680) which is an adversary's discovery of local drive, disks and/or volumes. Tools such as [Systeminfo](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0096) can be used to gather detailed system information. If running with privileged access, a breakdown of system data can be gathered through the <code>systemsetup</code> configuration tool on macOS. Adversaries may leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather detailed system information (e.g. <code>show version</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) On ESXi servers, threat actors may gather system information from various esxcli utilities, such as `system hostname get` and `system version get`.(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)(Citation: Varonis) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud providers such as AWS, GCP, and Azure allow access to instance and virtual machine information via APIs. Successful authenticated API calls can return data such as the operating system platform and status of a particular instance or the model view of a virtual machine.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Google Instances Resource)(Citation: Microsoft Virutal Machine API) [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) combined with information gathered from other forms of discovery and reconnaissance can drive payload development and concealment.(Citation: OSX.FairyTale)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Compression
Matching passage: T1027.015 Compression. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use compression to obfuscate their payloads or files. Compressed file formats such as ZIP, gzip, 7z, and RAR can compress and archive multiple files together to make it easier and faster to transfer files. In addition to compressing files, adversaries may also compress shellcode directly - for example, in order to store it in a Windows Registry key (i.e., [Fileless Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/011)).(Citation: Trustwave Pillowmint June 2020) In order to further evade detection, adversaries may combine multiple ZIP files into one archive. This process of concatenation creates an archive that appears to be a single archive but in fact contains the central directories of the embedded archives. Some ZIP readers, such as 7zip, may not be able to identify concatenated ZIP files and miss the presence of the malicious payload.(Citation: Perception Point) File archives may be sent as one [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) through email. Adversaries have sent malicious payloads as archived files to encourage the user to interact with and extract the malicious payload onto their system (i.e., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)).(Citation: NTT Security Flagpro new December 2021) However, some file compression tools, such as 7zip, can be used to produce self-extracting archives. Adversaries may send self-extracting archives to hide the functionality of their payload and launch it without requiring multiple actions from the user.(Citation: The Hacker News) [Compression](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/015) may be used in combination with [Encrypted/Encoded File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/013) where compressed files are encrypted and password-protected.
Near-miss passage: T1027.001 Binary Padding. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations. Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus) The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation: Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017) Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files. This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis. Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ)
Query: write Sigma for Identifies when an admission controller is executed in GCP Kubernetes. A Kubernetes Admission controller intercepts, and
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when an admission controller is executed in GCP Kubernetes. A Kubernetes Admission controller intercepts, and. Logsource: gcp / gcp.audit. Rule: title: Google Cloud Kubernetes Admission Controller id: 6ad91e31-53df-4826-bd27-0166171c8040 status: test description: 'Identifies when an admission controller is executed in GCP Kubernetes. A Kubernetes Admission controller intercepts, and possibly modifies, requests to the Kubernetes API server. The behavior of this admission controller is determined by an admission webhook (MutatingAdmissionWebhook or ValidatingAdmissionWebhook) that the user deploys in the cluster. An adversary can use such webhooks as the MutatingAdmissionWebhook for obtaining persistence in the cluster. For example, attackers can intercept and modify the pod creation operations in the cluster and add their malicious container to every created pod. An adversary can use the webhook ValidatingAdmissionWebhook, which could be used to obtain access credentials. An adversary could use the webhook to intercept the requests to the API server, record secrets, and other sensitive information. ' references: - https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-11-25 modified: 2022-12-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.credential-access - attack.t1552 - attack.t1552.007 logsource: product: gcp service: gcp.audit detection: selection: gcp.audit.method_name|startswith: admissionregistration.k8s.io.v gcp.audit.method_name|contains: - .mutatingwebhookconfigurations. - .validatingwebhookconfigurations. gcp.audit.method_name|endswith: - create - patch - replace condition: selection falsepositives: - Google Cloud Kubernetes Admission Controller may be done by a system administrator. - If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote task creation via at.exe or API interacting with ATSVC namedpipe. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Remote Task Creation via ATSVC Named Pipe id: f6de6525-4509-495a-8a82-1f8b0ed73a00 status: test description: Detects remote task creation via at.exe or API interacting with ATSVC namedpipe references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20230409194125/https://blog.menasec.net/2019/03/threat-hunting-25-scheduled-tasks-for.html author: Samir Bousseaden date: 2019-04-03 modified: 2024-08-01 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.lateral-movement - attack.persistence - car.2013-05-004 - car.2015-04-001 - attack.t1053.002 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The advanced audit policy setting "Object Access > Audit Detailed File Share" must be configured for Success/Failure detection: selection: EventID: 5145 ShareName: \\\\\*\\IPC$ RelativeTargetName: atsvc AccessList|contains: WriteData condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: exploit IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF19, and 8.5.0 before CF08 allows remote authenticate
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5001. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF19, and 8.5.0 before CF08 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted document.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4230. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Memory leak in Cisco Headend System Release allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCus91854.
Query: write Sigma for Detects adding and using Exchange PowerShell snap-ins to export mailbox data. As seen used by HAFNIUM and APT27
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects adding and using Exchange PowerShell snap-ins to export mailbox data. As seen used by HAFNIUM and APT27. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Exchange PowerShell Snap-Ins Usage id: 25676e10-2121-446e-80a4-71ff8506af47 status: test description: Detects adding and using Exchange PowerShell snap-ins to export mailbox data. As seen used by HAFNIUM and APT27 references: - https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/03/02/active-exploitation-of-microsoft-exchange-zero-day-vulnerabilities/ - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/02/hafnium-targeting-exchange-servers/ - https://www.intrinsec.com/apt27-analysis/ author: FPT.EagleEye, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-03-03 modified: 2023-03-24 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 - attack.collection - attack.t1114 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: Add-PSSnapin selection_module: CommandLine|contains: - Microsoft.Exchange.Powershell.Snapin - Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.SnapIn filter_msiexec: ParentImage: C:\Windows\System32\msiexec.exe CommandLine|contains: $exserver=Get-ExchangeServer ([Environment]::MachineName) -ErrorVariable exerr 2> $null condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect usage of the "driverquery" utility to perform reconnaissance on installed drivers. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Recon Activity Using DriverQuery.EXE id: 9fc3072c-dc8f-4bf7-b231-18950000fadd related: - id: a20def93-0709-4eae-9bd2-31206e21e6b2 type: similar status: test description: Detect usage of the "driverquery" utility to perform reconnaissance on installed drivers references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2023/01/09/unwrapping-ursnifs-gifts/ - https://www.vmray.com/cyber-security-blog/analyzing-ursnif-behavior-malware-sandbox/ - https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/01/saigon-mysterious-ursnif-fork.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-19 modified: 2023-09-29 tags: - attack.discovery logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: driverquery.exe - OriginalFileName: drvqry.exe selection_parent: - ParentImage|endswith: - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - ParentImage|contains: - \AppData\Local\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate usage by some scripts might trigger this as well level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_driverquery_recon/info.yml
Query: risk of The Nitro API in Citrix NetScaler before 10.5 build 52.3nc uses an incorrect Content-Type when returning an error message, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site scrip
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2839. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Nitro API in Citrix NetScaler before 10.5 build 52.3nc uses an incorrect Content-Type when returning an error message, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the file_name JSON member in params/xen_hotfix/0 to nitro/v1/config/xen_hotfix.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3432. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Pydio (formerly AjaXplorer) before 6.0.7 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka "Pydio XSS Vulnerabilities."
Query: risk of Apple Type Services (ATS) in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3681. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Apple Type Services (ATS) in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3679, CVE-2015-3680, and CVE-2015-3682.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3773. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The SMB client in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via unspecified vectors.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects when a browser process or browser tab is launched from an application that handles document files such as Adobe,
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a browser process or browser tab is launched from an application that handles document files such as Adobe,. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Suspicious Browser Launch From Document Reader Process id: 1193d960-2369-499f-a158-7b50a31df682 status: test description: 'Detects when a browser process or browser tab is launched from an application that handles document files such as Adobe, Microsoft Office, etc. And connects to a web application over http(s), this could indicate a possible phishing attempt. ' references: - https://app.any.run/tasks/69c5abaa-92ad-45ba-8c53-c11e23e05d04/ - https://app.any.run/tasks/64043a79-165f-4052-bcba-e6e49f847ec1/ author: Joseph Kamau date: 2024-05-27 modified: 2025-10-07 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1204.002 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: ParentImage|contains: - Acrobat Reader - Microsoft Office - PDF Reader Image|endswith: - \brave.exe - \chrome.exe - \firefox.exe - \msedge.exe - \opera.exe - \maxthon.exe - \seamonkey.exe - \vivaldi.exe CommandLine|contains: http filter_main_microsoft_help: CommandLine|contains: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/ filter_optional_foxit: CommandLine|contains: - http://ad.foxitsoftware.com/adlog.php? - https://globe-map.foxitservice.com/go.php?do=redirect condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unlikely in most cases, further investigation should be done in the commandline of the browser process to determine the context of the URL accessed. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell download activity, via the .DownloadFile() or .DownloadString() methods of the Net.WebClient class. T. Logsource: windows / ps_classic_start. Rule: title: PowerShell Download Via Net.WebClient - PowerShell Classic id: 3236fcd0-b7e3-4433-b4f8-86ad61a9af2d related: - id: 65531a81-a694-4e31-ae04-f8ba5bc33759 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects PowerShell download activity, via the .DownloadFile() or .DownloadString() methods of the Net.WebClient class. This technique is often abused by attackers to download additional payloads. ' references: - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/j/lv-ransomware-exploits-proxyshell-in-attack.html author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-05 modified: 2026-04-28 tags: - attack.execution - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1105 logsource: product: windows category: ps_classic_start detection: selection_webclient: Data|contains: Net.WebClient selection_download: Data|contains: - .DownloadFile( - .DownloadString( condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - This activity may be used by legitimate software, such as patch management tools or software updaters. Investigate any such activity and apply the necessary filter. level: low
Query: describe CVE-2015-0156
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0156. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Business Process Manager (BPM) 7.5.x through 7.5.1.2, 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, and 8.5.x through 8.5.6.0 and WebSphere Lombardi Edition (WLE) 7.2.x through 7.2.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7467. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Report Builder in IBM Jazz Reporting Service (JRS) 5.x before 5.0.2-Rational-CLM-ifix011 and 6.0 before 6.0.0-Rational-CLM-ifix005 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5039
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5039. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. The Remote Client and change management integrations in IBM Rational ClearCase 7.1.x, 8.0.0.x before 8.0.0.18, and 8.0.1.x before 8.0.1.11 do not properly validate hostnames in X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows remote attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information or modify network traffic via a crafted certificate. IBM X-Force ID: 106715.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1454. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Blue Coat ProxyClient before 3.3.3.3 and 3.4.x before 3.4.4.10 and Unified Agent before 4.1.3.151952 does not properly validate certain certificates, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof ProxySG Client Managers, and consequently modify configurations and execute arbitrary software updates, via a crafted certificate.