alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detect Detect use of iptables to flush all firewall rules, tables and chains and allow all network traffic in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect use of iptables to flush all firewall rules, tables and chains and allow all network traffic. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Flush Iptables Ufw Chain id: 3be619f4-d9ec-4ea8-a173-18fdd01996ab status: test description: Detect use of iptables to flush all firewall rules, tables and chains and allow all network traffic references: - https://blogs.blackberry.com/ - https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-iptables-how-to-flush-all-rules.html - https://twitter.com/Joseliyo_Jstnk/status/1620131033474822144 author: Joseliyo Sanchez, @Joseliyo_Jstnk date: 2023-01-18 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: - /iptables - /xtables-legacy-multi - /iptables-legacy-multi - /ip6tables - /ip6tables-legacy-multi selection_params: CommandLine|contains: - -F - -Z - -X selection_ufw: CommandLine|contains: - ufw-logging-deny - ufw-logging-allow - ufw6-logging-deny - ufw6-logging-allow condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Network administrators level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of "whoami.exe" by privileged accounts that are often abused by threat actors. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Whoami.EXE Execution From Privileged Process id: 79ce34ca-af29-4d0e-b832-fc1b377020db related: - id: 80167ada-7a12-41ed-b8e9-aa47195c66a1 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the execution of "whoami.exe" by privileged accounts that are often abused by threat actors references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-privilege-escalation-in-windows-environment - https://web.archive.org/web/20221019044836/https://nsudo.m2team.org/en-us/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Teymur Kheirkhabarov date: 2022-01-28 modified: 2023-12-04 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.discovery - attack.t1033 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: whoami.exe - Image|endswith: \whoami.exe selection_user: User|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI - TrustedInstaller condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: The BIOS implementation on Dell Latitude, OptiPlex, Precision Mobile Workstation, and Precision Workstation Client Solutions (CS) devices with model-dependent firmware before A21 d
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2890. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.0. The BIOS implementation on Dell Latitude, OptiPlex, Precision Mobile Workstation, and Precision Workstation Client Solutions (CS) devices with model-dependent firmware before A21 does not enforce a BIOS_CNTL locking protection mechanism upon being woken from sleep, which allows local users to conduct EFI flash attacks by leveraging console access, a similar issue to CVE-2015-3692.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8425. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: threat report mentioning AppCert DLLs
Matching passage: T1546.009 AppCert DLLs. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.
Near-miss passage: T1546.018 Python Startup Hooks. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may achieve persistence by leveraging Python’s startup mechanisms, including path configuration (`.pth`) files and the `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` modules. These files are automatically processed during the initialization of the Python interpreter, allowing for the execution of arbitrary code whenever Python is invoked.(Citation: Volexity GlobalProtect CVE 2024) Path configuration files are designed to extend Python’s module search paths through the use of import statements. If a `.pth` file is placed in Python's `site-packages` or `dist-packages` directories, any lines beginning with `import` will be executed automatically on Python invocation.(Citation: DFIR Python Persistence 2025) Similarly, if `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` is present in the Python path, these files will be imported during interpreter startup, and any code they contain will be executed.(Citation: Python Site Configuration Hook) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to establish persistence on systems where Python is widely used (e.g., for automation or scripting in production environments).
Query: secure coding against Incorrect Register Defaults or Module Parameters
Matching passage: CWE-1221 Incorrect Register Defaults or Module Parameters. Hardware description language code incorrectly defines register defaults or hardware Intellectual Property (IP) parameters to insecure values.
Near-miss passage: CWE-11 ASP.NET Misconfiguration: Creating Debug Binary. Debugging messages help attackers learn about the system and plan a form of attack.
Query: telemetry for T1564.004
Matching passage: T1564.004 NTFS File Attributes. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use NTFS file attributes to hide their malicious data in order to evade detection. Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition. (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files). (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014) Adversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files. This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus. (Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)
Near-miss passage: T1564.009 Resource Forking. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse resource forks to hide malicious code or executables to evade detection and bypass security applications. A resource fork provides applications a structured way to store resources such as thumbnail images, menu definitions, icons, dialog boxes, and code.(Citation: macOS Hierarchical File System Overview) Usage of a resource fork is identifiable when displaying a file’s extended attributes, using <code>ls -l@</code> or <code>xattr -l</code> commands. Resource forks have been deprecated and replaced with the application bundle structure. Non-localized resources are placed at the top level directory of an application bundle, while localized resources are placed in the <code>/Resources</code> folder.(Citation: Resource and Data Forks)(Citation: ELC Extended Attributes) Adversaries can use resource forks to hide malicious data that may otherwise be stored directly in files. Adversaries can execute content with an attached resource fork, at a specified offset, that is moved to an executable location then invoked. Resource fork content may also be obfuscated/encrypted until execution.(Citation: sentinellabs resource named fork 2020)(Citation: tau bundlore erika noerenberg 2020)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3007
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3007. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Juniper SRX Series services gateways with Junos OS 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D35, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D25, and 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D15 do not properly implement the "set system ports console insecure" feature, which allows physically proximate attackers to gain administrative privileges by leveraging access to the console port.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5053. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 10.0. The host memory mapping path feature in the NVIDIA GPU graphics driver R346 before 346.87 and R352 before 352.41 for Linux and R352 before 352.46 for GRID vGPU and vSGA does not properly restrict access to third-party device IO memory, which allows attackers to gain privileges, cause a denial of service (resource consumption), or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors related to the follow_pfn kernel-mode API call.
Query: exploit Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous befo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5583. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass intended sandbox restrictions and obtain sensitive PDF information by launching a print job on a remote printer, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6705, CVE-2015-6706, and CVE-2015-7624.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1765. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to read the browser history via a crafted web site.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2170
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2170. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. The upx decoder in ClamAV before 0.98.7 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1080. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in RAKUS MailDealer 11.2.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted attachment filename.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0915. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in RAKUS MailDealer 11.2.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted attachment filename.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0873. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Homepage Decorator PerlTreeBBS 2.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Query: detect Detects the execution of whoami that has been renamed to a different name to avoid detection in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of whoami that has been renamed to a different name to avoid detection. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed Whoami Execution id: f1086bf7-a0c4-4a37-9102-01e573caf4a0 status: test description: Detects the execution of whoami that has been renamed to a different name to avoid detection references: - https://brica.de/alerts/alert/public/1247926/agent-tesla-keylogger-delivered-inside-a-power-iso-daa-archive/ - https://app.any.run/tasks/7eaba74e-c1ea-400f-9c17-5e30eee89906/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-08-12 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1033 - car.2016-03-001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: whoami.exe filter: Image|endswith: \whoami.exe condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the SharpImpersonation tool. Which can be used to manipulate tokens on a Windows computers remotely. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - SharpImpersonation Execution id: f89b08d0-77ad-4728-817b-9b16c5a69c7a related: - id: cf0c254b-22f1-4b2b-8221-e137b3c0af94 type: similar status: test description: Detects execution of the SharpImpersonation tool. Which can be used to manipulate tokens on a Windows computers remotely (PsExec/WmiExec) or interactively references: - https://s3cur3th1ssh1t.github.io/SharpImpersonation-Introduction/ - https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/SharpImpersonation author: Sai Prashanth Pulisetti @pulisettis, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-27 modified: 2023-02-13 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1134.001 - attack.t1134.003 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \SharpImpersonation.exe - OriginalFileName: SharpImpersonation.exe selection_cli: - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' user:' - ' binary:' - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' user:' - ' shellcode:' - CommandLine|contains: - ' technique:CreateProcessAsUserW' - ' technique:ImpersonateLoggedOnuser' condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit In TrustZone an information exposure vulnerability can potentially occur in all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9001. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.5. In TrustZone an information exposure vulnerability can potentially occur in all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7434. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. IBM Capacity Management Analytics 2.1.0.0 allows local users to discover encrypted usernames and passwords by leveraging access to the CMA install machine. IBM X-Force ID: 107863.
Query: secure coding against Inconsistency Between Implementation and Documented Design
Matching passage: CWE-1068 Inconsistency Between Implementation and Documented Design. The implementation of the product is not consistent with the design as described within the relevant documentation.
Near-miss passage: CWE-25 Path Traversal: '/../filedir'. The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize /../ sequences that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.
Query: indicators of JamPlus
Matching passage: T1127.003 JamPlus. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may use `JamPlus` to proxy the execution of a malicious script. `JamPlus` is a build utility tool for code and data build systems. It works with several popular compilers and can be used for generating workspaces in code editors such as Visual Studio.(Citation: JamPlus manual) Adversaries may abuse the `JamPlus` build utility to execute malicious scripts via a `.jam` file, which describes the build process and required dependencies. Because the malicious script is executed from a reputable developer tool, it may subvert application control security systems such as Smart App Control.(Citation: Cyble)(Citation: Elastic Security Labs)
Near-miss passage: T1127.001 MSBuild. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. MSBuild.exe (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1607
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1607. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. kbx/keybox-search.c in GnuPG before 1.4.19, 2.0.x before 2.0.27, and 2.1.x before 2.1.2 does not properly handle bitwise left-shifts, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read operation) via a crafted keyring file, related to sign extensions and "memcpy with overlapping ranges."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7094. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. CFNetwork HTTPProtocol in Apple iOS before 9.2 and OS X before 10.11.2 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass the HSTS protection mechanism via a crafted URL.
Query: what is T1052.001
Matching passage: T1052.001 Exfiltration over USB. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user. The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Near-miss passage: T1052 Exfiltration Over Physical Medium. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user. Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device. The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Query: alert when Detects execution of Windows Defender "OfflineScannerShell.exe" from its non standard directory. The "OfflineScannerShel
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of Windows Defender "OfflineScannerShell.exe" from its non standard directory. The "OfflineScannerShel. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Mpclient.DLL Sideloading Via OfflineScannerShell.EXE Execution id: 02b18447-ea83-4b1b-8805-714a8a34546a status: test description: 'Detects execution of Windows Defender "OfflineScannerShell.exe" from its non standard directory. The "OfflineScannerShell.exe" binary is vulnerable to DLL side loading and will load any DLL named "mpclient.dll" from the current working directory. ' references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/OfflineScannerShell/ author: frack113 date: 2022-03-06 modified: 2023-08-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \OfflineScannerShell.exe - OriginalFileName: OfflineScannerShell.exe filter_main_legit_dir: CurrentDirectory: C:\Program Files\Windows Defender\Offline\ filter_main_empty: CurrentDirectory: '' filter_main_null: CurrentDirectory: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects uncommon child processes spawning from "sigverif.exe", which could indicate potential abuse of the latter as a l. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon Sigverif.EXE Child Process id: 7d4aaec2-08ed-4430-8b96-28420e030e04 status: test description: 'Detects uncommon child processes spawning from "sigverif.exe", which could indicate potential abuse of the latter as a living of the land binary in order to proxy execution. ' references: - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2018/04/27/i-shot-the-sigverif-exe-the-gui-based-lolbin/ - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1457676633809330184 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-19 modified: 2024-08-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1216 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \sigverif.exe filter_main_werfault: Image: - C:\Windows\System32\WerFault.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium