alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detect Fast Flux DNS
Matching passage: T1568.001 Fast Flux DNS. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution. This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) The simplest, "single-flux" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name. These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) In contrast, the "double-flux" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection. With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel.
Near-miss passage: T1568.003 DNS Calculation. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address. A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda) One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4337
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4337. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the XCloner plugin 3.1.2 for WordPress allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the excl_manual parameter in the xcloner_show page to wpadmin/plugins.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10098. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability was found in Broken Link Checker Plugin up to 1.10.5 on WordPress. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function print_module_list/show_warnings_section_notice/status_text/ui_get_action_links. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.10.6 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is f30638869e281461b87548e40b517738b4350e47. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-225152.
Query: Suspicious Local Accounts execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1078.003 Local Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement.
Near-miss passage: T1078.001 Default Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems. Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS, the root user account in ESXi, and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes) Default accounts are not limited to client machines; rather, they also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications, whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module) Default accounts may be created on a system after initial setup by connecting or integrating it with another application. For example, when an ESXi server is connected to a vCenter server, a default privileged account called `vpxuser` is created on the ESXi server. If a threat actor is able to compromise this account’s credentials (for example, via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212) on the vCenter host), they will then have access to the ESXi server.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence VMWare ESXi Zero-Day 2023)(Citation: Pentera vCenter Information Disclosure)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6417
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6417. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. Cisco Videoscape Distribution Suite Service Manager (VDS-SM) 3.4.0 and earlier does not always use RBAC for backend database access, which allows remote authenticated users to read or write to database entries via (1) the GUI or (2) a crafted HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuv87025.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3273. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. mod/forum/post.php in Moodle 2.9.x before 2.9.1 does not consider the mod/forum:canposttomygroups capability before authorizing "Post a copy to all groups" actions, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging per-group authorization.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / ps_script
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. Passwords are stored in several. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Enumerate Credentials from Windows Credential Manager With PowerShell id: 603c6630-5225-49c1-8047-26c964553e0e status: test description: 'Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials. Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1555/T1555.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-20 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1555 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_cmd: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - vaultcmd - '/listcreds:' selection_option: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Windows Credentials - Web Credentials condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of obfuscated PowerShell commands that attempt to install MSI packages via the Windows Installer C. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Obfuscated PowerShell MSI Install via WindowsInstaller COM id: 7b6a7418-3afc-11f0-aff4-000d3abf478c status: experimental description: 'Detects the execution of obfuscated PowerShell commands that attempt to install MSI packages via the Windows Installer COM object (`WindowsInstaller.Installer`). The technique involves manipulating strings to hide functionality, such as constructing class names using string insertion (e.g., ''indowsInstaller.Installer''.Insert(0,''W'')) and correcting malformed URLs (e.g., converting ''htps://'' to ''https://'') at runtime. This behavior is commonly associated with malware loaders or droppers that aim to bypass static detection by hiding intent in runtime-generated strings and using legitimate tools for code execution. The use of `InstallProduct` and COM object creation, particularly combined with hidden window execution and suppressed UI, indicates an attempt to install software (likely malicious) without user interaction. ' references: - https://informationsecuritybuzz.com/the-real-danger-behind-a-simple-windows-shortcut/ - https://redcanary.com/blog/threat-intelligence/intelligence-insights-may-2025/ - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/f9710b0ba4de5fa0e7ec27da462d4d2fc6838eba83a19f23f6617a466bbad457 author: Meroujan Antonyan (vx3r) date: 2025-05-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.010 - attack.t1218.007 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell_ise.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell_ISE.EXE - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - -ComObject - InstallProduct( - .Insert( - UILevel condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1372
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1372. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in ferretCMS 1.0.4-alpha allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the p parameter in an update action to admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4342. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Cacti before 0.8.8d allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors involving a cdef id.
Query: Sigma YAML for macos / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects attempts to masquerade as legitimate files by adding a space to the end of the filename.. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Space After Filename - macOS id: b6e2a2e3-2d30-43b1-a4ea-071e36595690 status: test description: Detects attempts to masquerade as legitimate files by adding a space to the end of the filename. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1036.006/T1036.006.md author: remotephone date: 2021-11-20 modified: 2023-01-04 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036.006 logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection1: CommandLine|endswith: ' ' selection2: Image|endswith: ' ' condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Mistyped commands or legitimate binaries named to match the pattern level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an adversary uses the reg.exe utility to add or modify new keys or subkeys. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Reg Add Suspicious Paths id: b7e2a8d4-74bb-4b78-adc9-3f92af2d4829 status: test description: Detects when an adversary uses the reg.exe utility to add or modify new keys or subkeys references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1112/T1112.md - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://www.absolomb.com/2018-01-26-Windows-Privilege-Escalation-Guide/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-19 modified: 2022-10-10 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_reg: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_path: CommandLine|contains: - \AppDataLow\Software\Microsoft\ - \Policies\Microsoft\Windows\OOBE - \Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon - \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\Currentversion\Winlogon - \CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest - \Microsoft\Windows Defender\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Rare legitimate add to registry via cli (to these locations) level: high
Query: alert when Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation Via Use Rundll32 - System id: 641a4bfb-c017-44f7-800c-2aee0184ce9b status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-09 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ImagePath|contains|all: - '&&' - rundll32 - shell32.dll - shellexec_rundll ImagePath|contains: - value - invoke - comspec - iex condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects code integrity failures such as missing page hashes or corrupted drivers due unauthorized modification. This cou. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Failed Code Integrity Checks id: 470ec5fa-7b4e-4071-b200-4c753100f49b status: stable description: 'Detects code integrity failures such as missing page hashes or corrupted drivers due unauthorized modification. This could be a sign of tampered binaries. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-5038 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-6281 author: Thomas Patzke date: 2019-12-03 modified: 2025-01-19 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.001 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: - 5038 - 6281 filter_optional_crowdstrike: param1|contains: - \CSFalconServiceUninstallTool_ - \Program Files\CrowdStrike\ - \System32\drivers\CrowdStrike\ - \Windows\System32\ScriptControl64_ filter_optional_sophos: param1|contains: \Program Files\Sophos\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Disk device errors level: informational
Query: CWE for Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag
Matching passage: CWE-1004 Sensitive Cookie Without 'HttpOnly' Flag. The product uses a cookie to store sensitive information, but the cookie is not marked with the HttpOnly flag.
Near-miss passage: CWE-915 Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes. The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies multiple attributes, properties, or fields that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control which attributes can be modified.
Query: vulnerability: Unspecified vulnerability in the Business Rules Framework (CRM-BF-BRF) in SAP CRM allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2097534.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3979. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Business Rules Framework (CRM-BF-BRF) in SAP CRM allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2097534.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0491. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40, and Java FX 2.2.76, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0459.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8771
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8771. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The generate_smb_nt_hash function in include/functions.inc in GOsa allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5647. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.5. The RSS Reader component in Cybozu Garoon 3.x through 3.7.5 and 4.x through 4.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors, aka CyVDB-866.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8770
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8770. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the set_skin function in program/include/rcmail_output_html.php in Roundcube before 1.0.8 and 1.1.x before 1.1.4 allows remote authenticated users with certain permissions to read arbitrary files or possibly execute arbitrary code via a .. (dot dot) in the _skin parameter to index.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1000005. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Remote file download vulnerability in candidate-application-form v1.0 wordpress plugin
Query: vulnerability: SQL injection vulnerability in Watchguard XCS 9.2 and 10.0 before build 150522 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the sid cookie, as demonstrated by a re
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5452. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Watchguard XCS 9.2 and 10.0 before build 150522 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the sid cookie, as demonstrated by a request to borderpost/imp/compose.php3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8604. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs function in graphs_new.php in Cacti 0.8.8f and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cg_g parameter in a save action.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2329
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2329. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the WooCommerce plugin before 2.3.6 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted order.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1512. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in FancyFon FAMOC before 3.17.4 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) LoginForm[username] to ui/system/login or the (2) order or (3) myorgs to index.php.
Query: containment actions for Multiple failed authentications followed by Server
Matching passage: Playbook for T1583.004 Server. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1583.004. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: resource development. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may buy, lease, rent, or obtain physical servers that can be used during targeting. Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, such as watering hole operations in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), enabling [Phishing](https://attack.mitr
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1583.003 Virtual Private Server. Different response path focused on resource development.
Query: secure coding against Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Matching passage: CWE-327 Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm. The product uses a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm or protocol.
Near-miss passage: CWE-920 Improper Restriction of Power Consumption. The product operates in an environment in which power is a limited resource that cannot be automatically replenished, but the product does not properly restrict the amount of power that its operation consumes.
Query: describe CVE-2015-9360
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9360. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The updraftplus plugin before 1.9.64 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg() and remove_query_arg().
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6969. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in js/2k11.min.js in the 2k11 theme in Serendipity before 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a user name in a comment, which is not properly handled in a Reply link.
Query: rule covering Detects execution of inline Python code via the "-c" in order to call the "system" function from the "os" library, and s
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of inline Python code via the "-c" in order to call the "system" function from the "os" library, and s. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Inline Python Execution - Spawn Shell Via OS System Library id: 2d2f44ff-4611-4778-a8fc-323a0e9850cc status: test description: 'Detects execution of inline Python code via the "-c" in order to call the "system" function from the "os" library, and spawn a shell. ' references: - https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/python/#shell author: Li Ling, Andy Parkidomo, Robert Rakowski, Blake Hartstein (Bloomberg L.P.) date: 2024-09-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - /python - /python2 - /python3 - Image|contains: - /python2. - /python3. selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -c ' - os.system( CommandLine|contains: - /bin/bash - /bin/dash - /bin/fish - /bin/sh - /bin/zsh condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects parameters used by WMImplant. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: WMImplant Hack Tool id: 8028c2c3-e25a-46e3-827f-bbb5abf181d7 status: test description: Detects parameters used by WMImplant references: - https://github.com/FortyNorthSecurity/WMImplant author: NVISO date: 2020-03-26 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - WMImplant - ' change_user ' - ' gen_cli ' - ' command_exec ' - ' disable_wdigest ' - ' disable_winrm ' - ' enable_wdigest ' - ' enable_winrm ' - ' registry_mod ' - ' remote_posh ' - ' sched_job ' - ' service_mod ' - ' process_kill ' - ' active_users ' - ' basic_info ' - ' power_off ' - ' vacant_system ' - ' logon_events ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrative scripts that use the same keywords. level: high