alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: vulnerability: In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9175. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, and SD 850, lack of input validation could lead to an untrusted pointer dereference in wv_dash_core_generic_verify().
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1721. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Null Pointer Dereference Vulnerability."
Query: explain T1036.006 Space after Filename
Matching passage: T1036.006 Space after Filename. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.
Near-miss passage: T1036.005 Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files, Registry keys, or other resources when naming/placing them. This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: `svchost.exe`). Alternatively, a Windows Registry key may be given a close approximation to a key used by a legitimate program. In containerized environments, a threat actor may create a resource in a trusted namespace or one that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster.(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Backdoor 2023)
Query: explain T1563.001 SSH Hijacking
Matching passage: T1563.001 SSH Hijacking. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user's SSH session to move laterally within an environment. Secure Shell (SSH) is a standard means of remote access on Linux and macOS systems. It allows a user to connect to another system via an encrypted tunnel, commonly authenticating through a password, certificate or the use of an asymmetric encryption key pair. In order to move laterally from a compromised host, adversaries may take advantage of trust relationships established with other systems via public key authentication in active SSH sessions by hijacking an existing connection to another system. This may occur through compromising the SSH agent itself or by having access to the agent's socket. If an adversary is able to obtain root access, then hijacking SSH sessions is likely trivial.(Citation: Slideshare Abusing SSH)(Citation: SSHjack Blackhat)(Citation: Clockwork SSH Agent Hijacking)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack) [SSH Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563/001) differs from use of [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004) because it hijacks an existing SSH session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).
Near-miss passage: T1563 Remote Service Session Hijacking. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment. Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP. When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service. Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems. [Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)
Query: vulnerability: Membership Add-on for iThemes Exchange before 1.3.0 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg() and remove_query_arg().
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9372. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Membership Add-on for iThemes Exchange before 1.3.0 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg() and remove_query_arg().
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7562. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in TeamPass 2.1.24 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) label value of an item or (2) name of a role.
Query: common weakness: Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address
Matching passage: CWE-1327 Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address. The product assigns the address 0.0.0.0 for a database server, a cloud service/instance, or any computing resource that communicates remotely.
Near-miss passage: CWE-475 Undefined Behavior for Input to API. The behavior of this function is undefined unless its control parameter is set to a specific value.
Query: risk of The anti-spam scanner on Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) devices 3.3.1-09, 7.5.1-gpl-022, and 8.5.6-074 allows remote attackers to bypass intended e-mail restrictions via a ma
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4184. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The anti-spam scanner on Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) devices 3.3.1-09, 7.5.1-gpl-022, and 8.5.6-074 allows remote attackers to bypass intended e-mail restrictions via a malformed DNS SPF record, aka Bug IDs CSCuu35853 and CSCuu37733.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2951. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. JWT.php in F21 JWT before 2.0 allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification via crafted tokens.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7648
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7648. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.255 and 19.x before 19.0.0.226 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.540 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7647.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8650. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.233, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.233, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.233 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8634, CVE-2015-8635, CVE-2015-8638, CVE-2015-8639, CVE-2015-8640, CVE-2015-8641, CVE-2015-8642, CVE-2015-8643, CVE-2015-8646, CVE-2015-8647, CVE-2015-8648, and CVE-2015-8649.
Query: Suspicious RDP Hijacking execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1563.002 RDP Hijacking. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may hijack a legitimate user’s remote desktop session to move laterally within an environment. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session. Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session. With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, `c:\windows\system32\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen]`, an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov) This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions.(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium) It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session. All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in red teaming tools.(Citation: Kali Redsnarf)
Near-miss passage: T1563 Remote Service Session Hijacking. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may take control of preexisting sessions with remote services to move laterally in an environment. Users may use valid credentials to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections, such as telnet, SSH, and RDP. When a user logs into a service, a session will be established that will allow them to maintain a continuous interaction with that service. Adversaries may commandeer these sessions to carry out actions on remote systems. [Remote Service Session Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1563) differs from use of [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) because it hijacks an existing session rather than creating a new session using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium)(Citation: Breach Post-mortem SSH Hijack)
Query: describe CVE-2015-1169
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1169. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 7.5. Apereo Central Authentication Service (CAS) Server before 3.5.3 allows remote attackers to conduct LDAP injection attacks via a crafted username, as demonstrated by using a wildcard and a valid password to bypass LDAP authentication.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8258. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 7.5. AXIS Communications products with firmware through 5.80.x allow remote attackers to modify arbitrary files as root via vectors involving Open Script Editor, aka a "resource injection vulnerability."
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability on Allen-Bradley MicroLogix 1100 devices before B FRN 15.000 and 1400 devices before B FRN 15.003 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6486. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability on Allen-Bradley MicroLogix 1100 devices before B FRN 15.000 and 1400 devices before B FRN 15.003 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0780. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. SQL injection vulnerability in the GetReRequestData method of the GetStoredResult class in Novell ZENworks Configuration Management (ZCM) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1247
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1247. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The SearchEngineTabHelper::OnPageHasOSDD function in browser/ui/search_engines/search_engine_tab_helper.cc in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90 does not prevent use of a file: URL for an OpenSearch descriptor XML document, which might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from local files via a crafted (1) http or (2) https web site.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0094. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 do not properly restrict the availability of address information during a function call, which makes it easier for local users to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted application, aka "Microsoft Windows Kernel Memory Disclosure Vulnerability."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8124
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8124. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Session fixation vulnerability in the "Remember Me" login feature in Symfony 2.3.x before 2.3.35, 2.6.x before 2.6.12, and 2.7.x before 2.7.7 allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions via a session id.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3118. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3124, CVE-2015-3127, CVE-2015-3128, CVE-2015-3129, CVE-2015-3131, CVE-2015-3132, CVE-2015-3136, CVE-2015-3137, CVE-2015-4428, CVE-2015-4430, and CVE-2015-5117.
Query: exploit Stack-based buffer overflow in GSM SIM Utility (aka SIM Card Editor) 6.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long entry in a .sms file.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1171. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Stack-based buffer overflow in GSM SIM Utility (aka SIM Card Editor) 6.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long entry in a .sms file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7272. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Dell Integrated Remote Access Controller (iDRAC) 6 before 2.80 and 7/8 before 2.21.21.21 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a long SSH username or input.
Query: Sigma YAML for apache
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects an issue in apache logs that reports threading related errors. Logsource: apache. Rule: title: Apache Threading Error id: e9a2b582-3f6a-48ac-b4a1-6849cdc50b3c status: test description: Detects an issue in apache logs that reports threading related errors references: - https://github.com/hannob/apache-uaf/blob/da40f2be3684c8095ec6066fa68eb5c07a086233/README.md author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-01-22 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1190 - attack.t1210 logsource: service: apache definition: 'Requirements: Must be able to collect the error.log file' detection: keywords: - '__pthread_tpp_change_priority: Assertion `new_prio == -1 || (new_prio >= fifo_min_prio && new_prio <= fifo_max_prio)' condition: keywords falsepositives: - 3rd party apache modules - https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=46185 level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Aversaries may use to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). This technique is used by p. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Writing Local Admin Share id: 4aafb0fa-bff5-4b9d-b99e-8093e659c65f status: test description: 'Aversaries may use to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). This technique is used by post-exploitation frameworks. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1021.002/T1021.002.md#atomic-test-4---execute-command-writing-output-to-local-admin-share author: frack113 date: 2022-01-01 modified: 2022-08-13 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1546.002 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains|all: - \\\\127.0.0 - \ADMIN$\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: SOC alert related to Windows Management Instrumentation
Matching passage: T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads. WMI is designed for programmers and is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows systems.(Citation: WMI 1-3) WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components. The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) and [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).(Citation: WMI 1-3) Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.(Citation: WMI 1-3) (Citation: Mandiant WMI) An adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to execute various behaviors, such as gathering information for [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0007) as well as [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) of commands and payloads.(Citation: Mandiant WMI) For example, `wmic.exe` can be abused by an adversary to delete shadow copies with the command `wmic.exe Shadowcopy Delete` (i.e., [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)).(Citation: WMI 6) **Note:** `wmic.exe` is deprecated as of January of 2024, with the WMIC feature being “disabled by default” on Windows 11+. WMIC will be removed from subsequent Windows releases and replaced by [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) as the primary WMI interface.(Citation: WMI 7,8) In addition to PowerShell and tools like `wbemtool.exe`, COM APIs can also be used to programmatically interact with WMI via C++, .NET, VBScript, etc.(Citation: WMI 7,8)
Near-miss passage: T1204.005 Malicious Library. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may rely on a user installing a malicious library to facilitate execution. Threat actors may [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) to package managers such as NPM and PyPi, as well as to public code repositories such as GitHub. User may install libraries without realizing they are malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that establishes persistence, steals data, or mines cryptocurrency.(Citation: Datadog Security Labs Malicious PyPi Packages 2024)(Citation: Fortinet Malicious NPM Packages 2023) In some cases, threat actors may compromise and backdoor existing popular libraries (i.e., [Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/001)). Alternatively, they may create entirely new packages and leverage behaviors such as typosquatting to encourage users to install them.
Query: risk of The Prime Collaboration Deployment component in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 10.5(3.10000.9) allows remote authenticated users to discover root credentials via a direct req
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4295. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The Prime Collaboration Deployment component in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 10.5(3.10000.9) allows remote authenticated users to discover root credentials via a direct request to an unspecified URL, aka Bug ID CSCuv21819.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2044. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The emulation routines for unspecified X86 devices in Xen 3.2.x through 4.5.x does not properly initialize data, which allow local HVM guest users to obtain sensitive information via vectors involving an unsupported access size.
Query: detect Search for usage of reg or Powershell by non-privileged users to modify service configuration in registry in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Search for usage of reg or Powershell by non-privileged users to modify service configuration in registry. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Non-privileged Usage of Reg or Powershell id: 8f02c935-effe-45b3-8fc9-ef8696a9e41d status: test description: Search for usage of reg or Powershell by non-privileged users to modify service configuration in registry references: - https://image.slidesharecdn.com/kheirkhabarovoffzonefinal-181117201458/95/hunting-for-privilege-escalation-in-windows-environment-20-638.jpg author: Teymur Kheirkhabarov (idea), Ryan Plas (rule), oscd.community date: 2020-10-05 modified: 2024-12-01 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_cli: - CommandLine|contains|all: - 'reg ' - add - CommandLine|contains: - powershell - set-itemproperty - ' sp ' - new-itemproperty selection_data: IntegrityLevel: - Medium - S-1-16-8192 CommandLine|contains|all: - ControlSet - Services CommandLine|contains: - ImagePath - FailureCommand - ServiceDLL condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential suspicious winget package installation from a suspicious source.. Logsource: windows / create_stream_hash. Rule: title: Potential Suspicious Winget Package Installation id: a3f5c081-e75b-43a0-9f5b-51f26fe5dba2 status: test description: Detects potential suspicious winget package installation from a suspicious source. references: - https://github.com/nasbench/Misc-Research/tree/b9596e8109dcdb16ec353f316678927e507a5b8d/LOLBINs/Winget author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-18 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows category: create_stream_hash detection: selection: Contents|startswith: '[ZoneTransfer] ZoneId=3' Contents|contains: - ://1 - ://2 - ://3 - ://4 - ://5 - ://6 - ://7 - ://8 - ://9 TargetFilename|endswith: :Zone.Identifier TargetFilename|contains: \AppData\Local\Temp\WinGet\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0301. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 16.0.0.272 on Android, Adobe AIR SDK before 16.0.0.272, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 16.0.0.272 do not properly validate files, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8489. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. customapp in Cybozu Office 9.9.0 through 10.3.0 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (excessive database locking) via a crafted CSV file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-1153.
Query: risk of IBM WebSphere Message Broker 8 before 8.0.0.6 and Integration Bus 9 before 9.0.0.4 do not check authorization for MQSISTARTMSGFLOW and MQSISTOPMSGFLOW commands, which allows local 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5011. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 3.200000047683716. IBM WebSphere Message Broker 8 before 8.0.0.6 and Integration Bus 9 before 9.0.0.4 do not check authorization for MQSISTARTMSGFLOW and MQSISTOPMSGFLOW commands, which allows local users to bypass intended access restrictions, and start or stop a service, by issuing a command.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-20107. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 7.599999904632568. In Python (aka CPython) up to 3.10.8, the mailcap module does not add escape characters into commands discovered in the system mailcap file. This may allow attackers to inject shell commands into applications that call mailcap.findmatch with untrusted input (if they lack validation of user-provided filenames or arguments). The fix is also back-ported to 3.7, 3.8, 3.9