alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: vulnerability: The msrle_decode_pal4 function in msrledec.c in Libav before 10.7 and 11.x before 11.4 and FFmpeg before 2.0.7, 2.2.x before 2.2.15, 2.4.x before 2.4.8, 2.5.x before 2.5.6, and 2.6
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3395. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The msrle_decode_pal4 function in msrledec.c in Libav before 10.7 and 11.x before 11.4 and FFmpeg before 2.0.7, 2.2.x before 2.2.15, 2.4.x before 2.4.8, 2.5.x before 2.5.6, and 2.6.x before 2.6.2 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted image, related to a pixel pointer, which triggers an out-of-bounds array access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5862. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Audio component in Apple iOS before 9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted audio file.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2051
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2051. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The D-Link DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router Rev. Ax with firmware 1.04b12 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a GetDeviceSettings action to the HNAP interface.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2857. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Accellion File Transfer Appliance before FTA_9_11_210 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via shell metacharacters in the oauth_token parameter.
Query: SIEM correlation: collection activity consistent with Audio Capture
Matching passage: T1123 Audio Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., microphones and webcams) or applications (e.g., voice and video call services) to capture audio recordings for the purpose of listening into sensitive conversations to gather information.(Citation: ESET Attor Oct 2019) Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture audio. Audio files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later.
Near-miss passage: T1213.003 Code Repositories. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage code repositories to collect valuable information. Code repositories are tools/services that store source code and automate software builds. They may be hosted internally or privately on third party sites such as Github, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. Once adversaries gain access to a victim network or a private code repository, they may collect sensitive information such as proprietary source code or [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552) contained within software's source code. Having access to software's source code may allow adversaries to develop [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004), while credentials may provide access to additional resources using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).(Citation: Wired Uber Breach)(Citation: Krebs Adobe) **Note:** This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/003), which focuses on conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043) via public code repositories.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8509
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8509. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.5. Template.pm in Bugzilla 2.x, 3.x, and 4.x before 4.2.16, 4.3.x and 4.4.x before 4.4.11, and 4.5.x and 5.0.x before 5.0.2 does not properly construct CSV files, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging a web browser that interprets CSV data as JavaScript code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3142. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. The kernel-invoked coredump processor in Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (ABRT) does not properly check the ownership of files before writing core dumps to them, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by leveraging write permissions to the working directory of a crashed application.
Query: credential access using /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow
Matching passage: T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking. Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information, including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Linux stores user information such as user ID, group ID, home directory path, and login shell in <code>/etc/passwd</code>. A "user" on the system may belong to a person or a service. All password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/shadow</code> - including entries for users with no passwords and users with locked or disabled accounts.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Adversaries may attempt to read or dump the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> files on Linux systems via command line utilities such as the <code>cat</code> command.(Citation: Arctic Wolf) Additionally, the Linux utility <code>unshadow</code> can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper - for example, via the command <code>/usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code>(Citation: nixCraft - John the Ripper). Since the user information stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> are linked to the password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>, an adversary would need to have access to both.
Near-miss passage: T1003.002 Security Account Manager. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored. The SAM is a database file that contains local accounts for the host, typically those found with the <code>net user</code> command. Enumerating the SAM database requires SYSTEM level access. A number of tools can be used to retrieve the SAM file through in-memory techniques: * pwdumpx.exe * [gsecdump](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0008) * [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002) * secretsdump.py Alternatively, the SAM can be extracted from the Registry with Reg: * <code>reg save HKLM\sam sam</code> * <code>reg save HKLM\system system</code> Creddump7 can then be used to process the SAM database locally to retrieve hashes.(Citation: GitHub Creddump7) Notes: * RID 500 account is the local, built-in administrator. * RID 501 is the guest account. * User accounts start with a RID of 1,000+.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management Architect component in Oracle Hyperion 11.1.2.2 and 11.1.2.3 allows remote authenticated users to affect
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2584. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management Architect component in Oracle Hyperion 11.1.2.2 and 11.1.2.3 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Security, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2592.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2264. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Multiple untrusted search path vulnerabilities in (1) EQATEC.Analytics.Monitor.Win32_vc100.dll and (2) EQATEC.Analytics.Monitor.Win32_vc100-x64.dll in Telerik Analytics Monitor Library before 3.2.125 allow local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse (a) csunsapi.dll, (b) swift.dll, (c) nfhwcrhk.dll, or (d) surewarehook.dll file in an unspecified directory.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6807
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6807. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Mass Contact module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.6 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "administer mass contact" permission to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a category label.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0766. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the administrative web interface in the Management Center component in Cisco FireSIGHT System Software 6.0.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified fields, aka Bug IDs CSCus93566, CSCut31557, and CSCut47196.
Query: vulnerability: The up.time client in Idera Uptime Infrastructure Monitor through 7.6 allows remote attackers to obtain potentially sensitive version, OS, process, and event-log information via a 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2896. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. The up.time client in Idera Uptime Infrastructure Monitor through 7.6 allows remote attackers to obtain potentially sensitive version, OS, process, and event-log information via a command.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3969. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Janitza UMG 508, 509, 511, 604, and 605 devices allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive network-connection information via a request to UDP port (1) 1234 or (2) 1235.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the creation of scheduled tasks that involves a temporary folder and runs only once
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks that involves a temporary folder and runs only once. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Scheduled Task Creation Involving Temp Folder id: 39019a4e-317f-4ce3-ae63-309a8c6b53c5 status: test description: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks that involves a temporary folder and runs only once references: - https://discuss.elastic.co/t/detection-and-response-for-hafnium-activity/266289/3 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-03-11 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1053.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /create ' - ' /sc once ' - \Temp\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrative activity - Software installation level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the initial execution of "cmd.exe" which spawns "explorer.exe" with the appropriate command line arguments for o. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Explorer Folder Opened Using Explorer Folder Shortcut Via Shell id: c3d76afc-93df-461e-8e67-9b2bad3f2ac4 status: test description: 'Detects the initial execution of "cmd.exe" which spawns "explorer.exe" with the appropriate command line arguments for opening the "My Computer" folder. ' author: '@Kostastsale' references: - https://ss64.com/nt/shell.html date: 2022-12-22 modified: 2024-08-23 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1135 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe Image|endswith: \explorer.exe CommandLine|contains: shell:mycomputerfolder condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_explorer_folder_shortcut_via_shell_binary/info.yml
Query: detect Find local accounts being created or modified as well as remote authentication configurations in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Find local accounts being created or modified as well as remote authentication configurations. Logsource: cisco / aaa. Rule: title: Cisco Local Accounts id: 6d844f0f-1c18-41af-8f19-33e7654edfc3 status: test description: Find local accounts being created or modified as well as remote authentication configurations author: Austin Clark date: 2019-08-12 modified: 2023-01-04 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1136.001 - attack.t1098 logsource: product: cisco service: aaa detection: keywords: - username - aaa condition: keywords falsepositives: - When remote authentication is in place, this should not change often level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission gr. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: AD Groups Or Users Enumeration Using PowerShell - ScriptBlock id: 88f0884b-331d-403d-a3a1-b668cf035603 status: test description: 'Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1069.002/T1069.002.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-15 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1069.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: test_2: ScriptBlockText|contains: get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership test_7: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - get-aduser - '-f ' - '-pr ' - DoesNotRequirePreAuth condition: 1 of test_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1424
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1424. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Gecko CMS 2.2 and 2.3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that add an administrator user via a newuser request to admin/index.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7612. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Organizations page in Enterprise Manager in McAfee Vulnerability Manager (MVM) 7.5.9 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that have unspecified impact via unknown vectors.
Query: EDR alert: possible Transfer Data to Cloud Account (T1537)
Matching passage: T1537 Transfer Data to Cloud Account. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data by transferring the data, including through sharing/syncing and creating backups of cloud environments, to another cloud account they control on the same service. A defender who is monitoring for large transfers to outside the cloud environment through normal file transfers or over command and control channels may not be watching for data transfers to another account within the same cloud provider. Such transfers may utilize existing cloud provider APIs and the internal address space of the cloud provider to blend into normal traffic or avoid data transfers over external network interfaces.(Citation: TLDRSec AWS Attacks) Adversaries may also use cloud-native mechanisms to share victim data with adversary-controlled cloud accounts, such as creating anonymous file sharing links or, in Azure, a shared access signature (SAS) URI.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Storage Shared Access Signature) Incidents have been observed where adversaries have created backups of cloud instances and transferred them to separate accounts.(Citation: DOJ GRU Indictment Jul 2018)
Near-miss passage: T1020.001 Traffic Duplication. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.
Query: write Sigma for Detects suspicious processes logging on with explicit credentials
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious processes logging on with explicit credentials. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Suspicious Remote Logon with Explicit Credentials id: 941e5c45-cda7-4864-8cea-bbb7458d194a status: test description: Detects suspicious processes logging on with explicit credentials references: - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lKya3_mLnR3UQuCoiYruO3qgu052_iS_/view author: oscd.community, Teymur Kheirkhabarov @HeirhabarovT, Zach Stanford @svch0st, Tim Shelton date: 2020-10-05 modified: 2022-08-03 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.lateral-movement logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4648 ProcessName|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \winrs.exe - \wmic.exe - \net.exe - \net1.exe - \reg.exe filter1: TargetServerName: localhost filter2: SubjectUserName|endswith: $ TargetUserName|endswith: $ condition: selection and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Administrators that use the RunAS command or scheduled tasks level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell creating a binary executable or a script file.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potential Binary Or Script Dropper Via PowerShell id: 7047d730-036f-4f40-b9d8-1c63e36d5e62 status: test description: Detects PowerShell creating a binary executable or a script file. references: - https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/onenote-growing-threat-malware-distribution author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-03-17 modified: 2025-07-04 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \powershell_ise.exe - \pwsh.exe TargetFilename|endswith: - .bat - .chm - .cmd - .com - .dll - .exe - .hta - .jar - .js - .ocx - .scr - .sys - .vbe - .vbs - .wsf filter_main_user_temp: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Users\ TargetFilename|contains: \AppData\Local\Temp\ TargetFilename|endswith: - .dll - .exe filter_main_other_temp: TargetFilename|startswith: - C:\Windows\Temp\ - C:\Windows\SystemTemp\ TargetFilename|endswith: - .dll - .exe filter_main_powershell_module: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Users\ TargetFilename|contains: \WindowsPowerShell\Modules\ TargetFilename|endswith: .dll filter_main_nuget: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Program Files\PackageManagement\ProviderAssemblies\nuget\ TargetFilename|endswith: \Microsoft.PackageManagement.NuGetProvider.dll condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - False positives will differ depending on the environment and scripts used. Apply additional filters accordingly. level: medium
Query: alert when Detects the creation of scheduled tasks by user accounts via the "schtasks" utility.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks by user accounts via the "schtasks" utility.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Scheduled Task Creation Via Schtasks.EXE id: 92626ddd-662c-49e3-ac59-f6535f12d189 status: test description: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks by user accounts via the "schtasks" utility. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/schtasks-create author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-01-16 modified: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1053.005 - attack.s0111 - car.2013-08-001 - stp.1u logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains: ' /create ' filter_main_system_user: User|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI filter_optional_msoffice: ParentImage: - C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\root\integration\integrator.exe - C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\root\integration\integrator.exe Image: - C:\Windows\System32\schtasks.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains: Microsoft\Office\Office Performance Monitor condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Administrative activity - Software installation level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects instances where a REDIS service on an OpenCanary node has had an action command attempted.. Logsource: opencanary / application. Rule: title: OpenCanary - REDIS Action Command Attempt id: 547dfc53-ebf6-4afe-8d2e-793d9574975d status: test description: Detects instances where a REDIS service on an OpenCanary node has had an action command attempted. references: - https://opencanary.readthedocs.io/en/latest/starting/configuration.html#services-configuration - https://github.com/thinkst/opencanary/blob/a0896adfcaf0328cfd5829fe10d2878c7445138e/opencanary/logger.py#L52 author: Security Onion Solutions date: 2024-03-08 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.collection - attack.t1003 - attack.t1213 logsource: category: application product: opencanary detection: selection: logtype: 17001 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high