alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit Stack-based buffer overflow in the ASUS TM-AC1900 router allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted HTTP header values.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6949. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the ASUS TM-AC1900 router allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted HTTP header values.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5758. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. ImageIO in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted TIFF image.
Query: CWE for Use of Web Link to Untrusted Target with window.opener Access
Matching passage: CWE-1022 Use of Web Link to Untrusted Target with window.opener Access. The web application produces links to untrusted external sites outside of its sphere of control, but it does not properly prevent the external site from modifying security-critical properties of the window.opener object, such as the location property.
Near-miss passage: CWE-707 Improper Neutralization. The product does not ensure or incorrectly ensures that structured messages or data are well-formed and that certain security properties are met before being read from an upstream component or sent to a downstream component.
Query: incident response steps for Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Network Service Discovery
Matching passage: Playbook for T1046 Network Service Discovery. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1046. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: discovery. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation. Common methods to acquire this information include port, vulnerability, and/or wordlist scans using tools that are brought onto a system.(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021) Within cloud environments,
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1622 Debugger Evasion. Different response path focused on stealth, discovery.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3644
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3644. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Stunnel 5.00 through 5.13, when using the redirect option, does not redirect client connections to the expected server after the initial connection, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3806. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allow local users to bypass a code-signing protection mechanism by appending code to a crafted executable file.
Query: risk of The Thycotic Password Manager Secret Server application through 2.3 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof s
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4094. CWE: CWE-295. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. The Thycotic Password Manager Secret Server application through 2.3 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5619. CWE: CWE-295. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. Logstash 1.4.x before 1.4.5 and 1.5.x before 1.5.4 with Lumberjack output or the Logstash forwarder does not validate SSL/TLS certificates from the Logstash server, which might allow attackers to obtain sensitive information via a man-in-the-middle attack.
Query: vulnerability: SQL injection vulnerability in eTouch SamePage Enterprise Edition 4.4.0.0.239 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the catId parameter to cm/blogrss/feed.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2070. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in eTouch SamePage Enterprise Edition 4.4.0.0.239 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the catId parameter to cm/blogrss/feed.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9399. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The wp-stats-dashboard plugin through 2.9.4 for WordPress has admin/graph_trend.php type SQL injection.
Query: write Sigma for Detects commands that try to clear or tamper with the Linux command history. This technique is used by threat actors in
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects commands that try to clear or tamper with the Linux command history. This technique is used by threat actors in. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Linux Command History Tampering id: fdc88d25-96fb-4b7c-9633-c0e417fdbd4e status: test description: 'Detects commands that try to clear or tamper with the Linux command history. This technique is used by threat actors in order to evade defenses and execute commands without them being recorded in files such as "bash_history" or "zsh_history". ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1070.003/T1070.003.md - https://www.hackers-arise.com/post/2016/06/20/covering-your-bash-shell-tracks-antiforensics - https://www.cadosecurity.com/spinning-yarn-a-new-linux-malware-campaign-targets-docker-apache-hadoop-redis-and-confluence/ author: Patrick Bareiss date: 2019-03-24 modified: 2024-04-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.003 logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: - cat /dev/null >*sh_history - cat /dev/zero >*sh_history - chattr +i*sh_history - echo "" >*sh_history - empty_bash_history - export HISTFILESIZE=0 - history -c - history -w - ln -sf /dev/null *sh_history - ln -sf /dev/zero *sh_history - rm *sh_history - shopt -ou history - shopt -uo history - shred *sh_history - truncate -s0 *sh_history condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a new credential is added to an existing application. Any additional credentials added outside of expected. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Added Credentials to Existing Application id: cbb67ecc-fb70-4467-9350-c910bdf7c628 status: test description: Detects when a new credential is added to an existing application. Any additional credentials added outside of expected processes could be a malicious actor using those credentials. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-applications#application-credentials author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Bailey Bercik '@baileybercik' date: 2022-05-26 modified: 2025-07-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1098.001 - attack.persistence logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: - Update application – Certificates and secrets management - Update Service principal/Update Application condition: selection falsepositives: - When credentials are added/removed as part of the normal working hours/workflows level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4612
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4612. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the "FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions" (js_faq) extension before 1.2.1 for TYPO3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4018. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in feedwordpresssyndicationpage.class.php in the FeedWordPress plugin before 2015.0514 for WordPress allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the link_ids[] parameter in an Update action in the syndication.php page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Query: write Sigma for Detects .NET Framework CLR and .NET Core CLR "cor_enable_profiling" and "cor_profiler" variables being set and configure
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects .NET Framework CLR and .NET Core CLR "cor_enable_profiling" and "cor_profiler" variables being set and configure. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Enabling COR Profiler Environment Variables id: ad89044a-8f49-4673-9a55-cbd88a1b374f status: test description: Detects .NET Framework CLR and .NET Core CLR "cor_enable_profiling" and "cor_profiler" variables being set and configured. references: - https://twitter.com/jamieantisocial/status/1304520651248668673 - https://www.slideshare.net/JamieWilliams130/started-from-the-bottom-exploiting-data-sources-to-uncover-attck-behaviors - https://www.sans.org/cyber-security-summit/archives - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/runtime-config/debugging-profiling author: Jose Rodriguez (@Cyb3rPandaH), OTR (Open Threat Research), Jimmy Bayne (@bohops) date: 2020-09-10 modified: 2023-11-24 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.012 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_1: TargetObject|endswith: - \COR_ENABLE_PROFILING - \COR_PROFILER - \CORECLR_ENABLE_PROFILING selection_2: TargetObject|contains: \CORECLR_PROFILER_PATH condition: 1 of selection_* level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child p. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious Execution From Parent Process In Public Folder id: 69bd9b97-2be2-41b6-9816-fb08757a4d1a status: test description: 'Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child process containing references to shell or scripting binaries and commandlines. ' references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/blackbyte-ransomware/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-02-25 modified: 2024-07-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1564 - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|contains: :\Users\Public\ selection_child: - Image|endswith: - \bitsadmin.exe - \certutil.exe - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - CommandLine|contains: - bitsadmin - certutil - cscript - mshta - powershell - regsvr32 - rundll32 - wscript condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: detect Detects potential arbitrary file download using a Microsoft Office application in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential arbitrary file download using a Microsoft Office application. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Arbitrary File Download Using Office Application id: 4ae3e30b-b03f-43aa-87e3-b622f4048eed related: - id: 0c79148b-118e-472b-bdb7-9b57b444cc19 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects potential arbitrary file download using a Microsoft Office application references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Winword/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Powerpnt/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Excel/ - https://medium.com/@reegun/unsanitized-file-validation-leads-to-malicious-payload-download-via-office-binaries-202d02db7191 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Beyu Denis, oscd.community date: 2022-05-17 modified: 2023-06-22 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \EXCEL.EXE - \POWERPNT.EXE - \WINWORD.exe - OriginalFileName: - Excel.exe - POWERPNT.EXE - WinWord.exe selection_http: CommandLine|contains: - http:// - https:// condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries can carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. This rule is built to detect. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Virtualbox Driver Installation or Starting of VMs id: bab049ca-7471-4828-9024-38279a4c04da status: test description: Adversaries can carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. This rule is built to detect the registration of the Virtualbox driver or start of a Virtualbox VM. references: - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2020/05/21/ragnar-locker-ransomware-deploys-virtual-machine-to-dodge-security/ - https://threatpost.com/maze-ransomware-ragnar-locker-virtual-machine/159350/ author: Janantha Marasinghe date: 2020-09-26 modified: 2025-07-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.006 - attack.t1564 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: - VBoxRT.dll,RTR3Init - VBoxC.dll - VBoxDrv.sys selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - startvm - controlvm condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - This may have false positives on hosts where Virtualbox is legitimately being used for operations level: low
Query: exploit A vulnerability was found in tynx wuersch and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function packValue/getByCustomQuery of the file backend/base/Store.class.php. Th
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10066. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in tynx wuersch and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function packValue/getByCustomQuery of the file backend/base/Store.class.php. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The patch is identified as 66d4718750a741d1053d327a79e285fd50372519. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-218462 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10039. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.0. A vulnerability was found in dobos domino. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality in the library src/Complex.Domino.Lib/Lib/EntityFactory.cs. The manipulation leads to sql injection. Upgrading to version 0.1.5524.38553 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is 16f039073709a21a76526110d773a6cce0ce753a. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218024.
Query: adversary uses Hidden File System
Matching passage: T1564.005 Hidden File System. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use a hidden file system to conceal malicious activity from users and security tools. File systems provide a structure to store and access data from physical storage. Typically, a user engages with a file system through applications that allow them to access files and directories, which are an abstraction from their physical location (ex: disk sector). Standard file systems include FAT, NTFS, ext4, and APFS. File systems can also contain other structures, such as the Volume Boot Record (VBR) and Master File Table (MFT) in NTFS.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014) Adversaries may use their own abstracted file system, separate from the standard file system present on the infected system. In doing so, adversaries can hide the presence of malicious components and file input/output from security tools. Hidden file systems, sometimes referred to as virtual file systems, can be implemented in numerous ways. One implementation would be to store a file system in reserved disk space unused by disk structures or standard file system partitions.(Citation: MalwareTech VFS Nov 2014)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits) Another implementation could be for an adversary to drop their own portable partition image as a file on top of the standard file system.(Citation: ESET ComRAT May 2020) Adversaries may also fragment files across the existing file system structure in non-standard ways.(Citation: Kaspersky Equation QA)
Near-miss passage: T1564.013 Bind Mounts. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse bind mounts on file structures to hide their activity and artifacts from native utilities. A bind mount maps a directory or file from one location on the filesystem to another, similar to a shortcut on Windows. It’s commonly used to provide access to specific files or directories across different environments, such as inside containers or chroot environments, and requires sudo access. Adversaries may use bind mounts to map either an empty directory or a benign `/proc` directory to a malicious process’s `/proc` directory. Using the commands `mount –o bind /proc/benign-process /proc/malicious-process` (or `mount –B`), the malicious process's `/proc` directory is overlayed with the contents of a benign process's `/proc` directory. When system utilities query process activity, such as `ps` and `top`, the kernel follows the bind mount and presents the benign directory’s contents instead of the malicious process's actual `/proc` directory. As a result, these utilities display information that appears to come from the benign process, effectively hiding the malicious process's metadata, executable, or other artifacts from detection.(Citation: Cado Security Commando Cat 2024)(Citation: Ahn Lab CoinMiner 2023)
Query: explain CWE-297
Matching passage: CWE-297 Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch. The product communicates with a host that provides a certificate, but the product does not properly ensure that the certificate is actually associated with that host.
Near-miss passage: CWE-129 Improper Validation of Array Index. The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
Query: risk of Unrestricted file upload in GLPI before 0.85.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code by adding a file with an executable extension as an attachment to a new t
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7684. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.0. Unrestricted file upload in GLPI before 0.85.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code by adding a file with an executable extension as an attachment to a new ticket, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in files/_tmp/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0460. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0374
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0374. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.40 and earlier and 5.6.21 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Server : Security : Privileges : Foreign Key.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6709. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The CBBBRInvite method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Query: indicators of Local Accounts
Matching passage: T1078.003 Local Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a local account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. Local Accounts may also be abused to elevate privileges and harvest credentials through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). Password reuse may allow the abuse of local accounts across a set of machines on a network for the purposes of Privilege Escalation and Lateral Movement.
Near-miss passage: T1078.002 Domain Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.
Query: risk of Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in TIBCO Spotfire Client and Spotfire Web Player Client in Spotfire Analyst before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x bef
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4554. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in TIBCO Spotfire Client and Spotfire Web Player Client in Spotfire Analyst before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Analytics Platform for AWS 6.5 and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Automation Services before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Deployment Kit before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Desktop before 6.5.2 and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Desktop Language Packs 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Professional before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; Spotfire Web Player before 5.5.2, 6.0.x before 6.0.3, 6.5.x before 6.5.3, and 7.0.x before 7.0.1; and Silver Fabric Enabler for Spotfire Web Player before 2.1.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or obtain sensitive information via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7654. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted attachSound arguments, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7652, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7661, CVE-2015-7663, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8043, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.
Query: hunt for Office Application Startup activity
Matching passage: T1137 Office Application Startup. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Ruler GitHub) These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)
Near-miss passage: T1137.003 Outlook Forms. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) Once malicious forms have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)