alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: indicators of Gather Victim Org Information
Matching passage: T1591 Gather Victim Org Information. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Near-miss passage: T1591.002 Business Relationships. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim’s hardware and software resources. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-10109
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10109. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in Video Playlist and Gallery Plugin up to 1.136 on WordPress. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file wp-media-cincopa.php. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.137 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is ee28e91f4d5404905204c43b7b84a8ffecad932e. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-230264.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5731. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in wp-admin/post.php in WordPress before 4.2.4 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that lock a post, and consequently cause a denial of service (editing blockage), via a get-post-lock action.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web interface in the Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote attackers to inject arbitra
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6349. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web interface in the Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0696. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the login page in Cisco TC Software before 7.1.0 on Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Desk and Room Endpoints devices allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq94977.
Query: secure coding against Insufficient Documentation of Error Handling Techniques
Matching passage: CWE-1118 Insufficient Documentation of Error Handling Techniques. The documentation does not sufficiently describe the techniques that are used for error handling, exception processing, or similar mechanisms.
Near-miss passage: CWE-698 Execution After Redirect (EAR). The web application sends a redirect to another location, but instead of exiting, it executes additional code.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / ps_script
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any in. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Suspicious SSL Connection id: 195626f3-5f1b-4403-93b7-e6cfd4d6a078 status: test description: Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1573/T1573.md#atomic-test-1---openssl-c2 - https://medium.com/walmartglobaltech/openssl-server-reverse-shell-from-windows-client-aee2dbfa0926 author: frack113 date: 2022-01-23 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1573 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - System.Net.Security.SslStream - Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback - .AuthenticateAsClient condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative script level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects uncommon child processes of the Add-In deployment cache updating utility (AddInutil.exe) which could be a sign o. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon Child Process Of AddinUtil.EXE id: b5746143-59d6-4603-8d06-acbd60e166ee status: test description: 'Detects uncommon child processes of the Add-In deployment cache updating utility (AddInutil.exe) which could be a sign of potential abuse of the binary to proxy execution via a custom Addins.Store payload. ' references: - https://www.blue-prints.blog/content/blog/posts/lolbin/addinutil-lolbas.html author: Michael McKinley (@McKinleyMike), Tony Latteri (@TheLatteri) date: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \addinutil.exe filter_main_werfault: Image|endswith: - :\Windows\System32\conhost.exe - :\Windows\System32\werfault.exe - :\Windows\SysWOW64\werfault.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Buffer overflow in libc in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packag
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7038. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Buffer overflow in libc in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted package, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7039.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8919. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The lha_read_file_extended_header function in archive_read_support_format_lha.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap) via a crafted (1) lzh or (2) lha file.
Query: exploit Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in admin/files/add in AdaptCMS 3.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a PHP extension
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1059. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.5. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in admin/files/add in AdaptCMS 3.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a PHP extension, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in /app/webroot/uploads.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2252. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Huawei OceanStor UDS devices with software before V100R002C01SPC102 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code with root privileges via a crafted UDS patch with shell scripts.
Query: CWE for Incorrect Regular Expression
Matching passage: CWE-185 Incorrect Regular Expression. The product specifies a regular expression in a way that causes data to be improperly matched or compared.
Near-miss passage: CWE-838 Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context. The product uses or specifies an encoding when generating output to a downstream component, but the specified encoding is not the same as the encoding that is expected by the downstream component.
Query: risk of The Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV) implementation in Cisco IOS XE 3.10S allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a series of packets that ar
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0710. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV) implementation in Cisco IOS XE 3.10S allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a series of packets that are considered oversized and trigger improper fragmentation handling, aka Bug IDs CSCup37676 and CSCup30335.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3280. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. OpenStack Compute (nova) before 2014.2.4 (juno) and 2015.1.x before 2015.1.2 (kilo) does not properly delete instances from compute nodes, which allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (disk consumption) by deleting instances while in the resize state.
Query: risk of Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by leve
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0319. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0317.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4878. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 1.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Outside In Technology component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 8.5.0, 8.5.1, and 8.5.2 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Outside In Filters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4877.
Query: alert when Detects the execution of format.com with an uncommon filesystem selection that could indicate a defense evasion activity
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of format.com with an uncommon filesystem selection that could indicate a defense evasion activity. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon FileSystem Load Attempt By Format.com id: 9fb6b26e-7f9e-4517-a48b-8cac4a1b6c60 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of format.com with an uncommon filesystem selection that could indicate a defense evasion activity in which "format.com" is used to load malicious DLL files or other programs. ' references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1477925112561209344 - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1478011052130459653?s=20 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-04 modified: 2024-05-13 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \format.com CommandLine|contains: '/fs:' filter_main_known_fs: CommandLine|contains: - /fs:exFAT - /fs:FAT - /fs:NTFS - /fs:ReFS - /fs:UDF condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Show when a monitor or a span/rspan is setup or modified. Logsource: cisco / aaa. Rule: title: Cisco Sniffing id: b9e1f193-d236-4451-aaae-2f3d2102120d status: test description: Show when a monitor or a span/rspan is setup or modified author: Austin Clark date: 2019-08-11 modified: 2023-01-04 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.discovery - attack.t1040 logsource: product: cisco service: aaa detection: keywords: - monitor capture point - set span - set rspan condition: keywords falsepositives: - Admins may setup new or modify old spans, or use a monitor for troubleshooting level: medium
Query: alert when Detects execution of "odbcconf" with the "INSTALLDRIVER" action where the driver doesn't contain a ".dll" extension. Thi
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with the "INSTALLDRIVER" action where the driver doesn't contain a ".dll" extension. Thi. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Driver/DLL Installation Via Odbcconf.EXE id: cb0fe7c5-f3a3-484d-aa25-d350a7912729 related: - id: 3f5491e2-8db8-496b-9e95-1029fce852d4 type: derived status: test description: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with the "INSTALLDRIVER" action where the driver doesn't contain a ".dll" extension. This is often used as a defense evasion method. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Odbcconf/ - https://web.archive.org/web/20191023232753/https://twitter.com/Hexacorn/status/1187143326673330176 - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2020/08/23/odbcconf-lolbin-trifecta/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.008 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \odbcconf.exe - OriginalFileName: odbcconf.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: 'INSTALLDRIVER ' filter_main_dll_ext: CommandLine|contains: .dll condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. Files containing email data can be. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Local Email Collection id: 2837e152-93c8-43d2-85ba-c3cd3c2ae614 status: test description: 'Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. Files containing email data can be acquired from a users local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1114.001/T1114.001.md author: frack113 date: 2021-07-21 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1114.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Get-Inbox.ps1 - Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook - Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook.olDefaultFolders - -comobject outlook.application condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: SOC alert related to Password Filter DLL
Matching passage: T1556.002 Password Filter DLL. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated. Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)
Near-miss passage: T1556.009 Conditional Access Policies. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify conditional access policies to enable persistent access to compromised accounts. Conditional access policies are additional verifications used by identity providers and identity and access management systems to determine whether a user should be granted access to a resource. For example, in Entra ID, Okta, and JumpCloud, users can be denied access to applications based on their IP address, device enrollment status, and use of multi-factor authentication.(Citation: Microsoft Conditional Access)(Citation: JumpCloud Conditional Access Policies)(Citation: Okta Conditional Access Policies) In some cases, identity providers may also support the use of risk-based metrics to deny sign-ins based on a variety of indicators. In AWS and GCP, IAM policies can contain `condition` attributes that verify arbitrary constraints such as the source IP, the date the request was made, and the nature of the resources or regions being requested.(Citation: AWS IAM Conditions)(Citation: GCP IAM Conditions) These measures help to prevent compromised credentials from resulting in unauthorized access to data or resources, as well as limit user permissions to only those required. By modifying conditional access policies, such as adding additional trusted IP ranges, removing [Multi-Factor Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/006) requirements, or allowing additional [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535), adversaries may be able to ensure persistent access to accounts and circumvent defensive measures.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2380
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2380. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word 2013 SP1, and Word 2013 RT SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1572. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Heap-based buffer overflow in closefs.c in the libext2fs library in e2fsprogs before 1.42.12 allows local users to execute arbitrary code by causing a crafted block group descriptor to be marked as dirty. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-0247.
Query: weakness Access of Memory Location After End of Buffer
Matching passage: CWE-788 Access of Memory Location After End of Buffer. The product reads or writes to a buffer using an index or pointer that references a memory location after the end of the buffer.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1234 Hardware Internal or Debug Modes Allow Override of Locks. System configuration protection may be bypassed during debug mode.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1044
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1044. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. vmware-authd (aka the Authorization process) in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.5, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.5, and VMware ESXi 5.0 through 5.5 allows attackers to cause a host OS denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0231. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the process_nested_data function in ext/standard/var_unserializer.re in PHP before 5.4.37, 5.5.x before 5.5.21, and 5.6.x before 5.6.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted unserialize call that leverages improper handling of duplicate numerical keys within the serialized properties of an object. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-8142.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
Matching passage: T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges. Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions. When initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system. Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system. This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable. This could also enable an adversary to move from a virtualized environment, such as within a virtual machine or container, onto the underlying host. This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising an endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods. Adversaries may bring a signed vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine so that they can exploit the vulnerability to execute code in kernel mode. This process is sometimes referred to as Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020) Adversaries may include the vulnerable driver with files delivered during Initial Access or download it to a compromised system via [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) or [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570).
Near-miss passage: T1078.002 Domain Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2284
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2284. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 10.0. userlogin.jsp in SolarWinds Firewall Security Manager (FSM) before 6.6.5 HotFix1 allows remote attackers to gain privileges and execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, related to client session handling.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0767. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Cisco Edge 300 software 1.0 and 1.1 on Edge 340 devices allows local users to obtain root privileges via unspecified commands, aka Bug ID CSCur18132.