alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism
Matching passage: T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions. Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)(Citation: sudo man page 2018) An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)
Near-miss passage: T1548.002 Bypass User Account Control. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system. Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its privileges (tracked as integrity levels ranging from low to high) to perform a task under administrator-level permissions, possibly by prompting the user for confirmation. The impact to the user ranges from denying the operation under high enforcement to allowing the user to perform the action if they are in the local administrators group and click through the prompt or allowing them to enter an administrator password to complete the action.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works) If the UAC protection level of a computer is set to anything but the highest level, certain Windows programs can elevate privileges or execute some elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) objects without prompting the user through the UAC notification box.(Citation: TechNet Inside UAC)(Citation: MSDN COM Elevation) An example of this is use of [Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to load a specifically crafted DLL which loads an auto-elevated [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) object and performs a file operation in a protected directory which would typically require elevated access. Malicious software may also be injected into a trusted process to gain elevated privileges without prompting a user.(Citation: Davidson Windows) Many methods have been discovered to bypass UAC. The Github readme page for UACME contains an extensive list of methods(Citation: Github UACMe) that have been discovered and implemented, but may not be a comprehensive list of bypasses. Additional bypass methods are regularly discovered and some used in the wild, such as: * <code>eventvwr.exe</code> can auto-elevate and execute a specified binary or script.(Citation: enigma0x3 Fileless UAC Bypass)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit) Another bypass is possible through some lateral movement techn
Query: describe CVE-2015-5856
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5856. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Application Store component in Apple iOS before 9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service to an enterprise-signed app via a crafted ITMS URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6999. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.0. The OCSP client in Apple iOS before 9.1 does not check for certificate expiry, which allows remote attackers to spoof a valid certificate by leveraging access to a revoked certificate.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Compass Rose module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7980. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Compass Rose module 6.x-1.x before 6.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, related to "embedding a JavaScript library from an external source that was not reliable."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3440. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in wp-includes/wp-db.php in WordPress before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a long comment that is improperly stored because of limitations on the MySQL TEXT data type.
Query: actor TTPs: Network Share Discovery
Matching passage: T1135 Network Share Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may look for folders and drives shared on remote systems as a means of identifying sources of information to gather as a precursor for Collection and to identify potential systems of interest for Lateral Movement. Networks often contain shared network drives and folders that enable users to access file directories on various systems across a network. File sharing over a Windows network occurs over the SMB protocol. (Citation: Wikipedia Shared Resource) (Citation: TechNet Shared Folder) [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) can be used to query a remote system for available shared drives using the <code>net view \\\\remotesystem</code> command. It can also be used to query shared drives on the local system using <code>net share</code>. For macOS, the <code>sharing -l</code> command lists all shared points used for smb services.
Near-miss passage: T1087.003 Email Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists) In on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, the <code>Get-GlobalAddressList</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016) In Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)
Query: detection rule: Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud.. Logsource: gcp / gcp.audit. Rule: title: Google Cloud VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted id: 99980a85-3a61-43d3-ac0f-b68d6b4797b1 status: test description: Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud. references: - https://any-api.com/googleapis_com/compute/docs/vpnTunnels author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-16 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact logsource: product: gcp service: gcp.audit detection: selection: gcp.audit.method_name: - compute.vpnTunnels.insert - compute.vpnTunnels.delete condition: selection falsepositives: - VPN Tunnel being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - VPN Tunnel modified or deleted from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of special strings/null bits in order to potentially bypass AMSI functionalities. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Potential AMSI Bypass Script Using NULL Bits id: fa2559c8-1197-471d-9cdd-05a0273d4522 related: - id: 92a974db-ab84-457f-9ec0-55db83d7a825 type: similar status: test description: Detects usage of special strings/null bits in order to potentially bypass AMSI functionalities references: - https://github.com/r00t-3xp10it/hacking-material-books/blob/43cb1e1932c16ff1f58b755bc9ab6b096046853f/obfuscation/simple_obfuscation.md#amsi-bypass-using-null-bits-satoshi author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-04 modified: 2023-05-09 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - if(0){{{0}}}' -f $(0 -as [char]) + - '#<NULL>' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: vulnerability: The xsl_ext_function_php function in ext/xsl/xsltprocessor.c in PHP before 5.4.45, 5.5.x before 5.5.29, and 5.6.x before 5.6.13, when libxml2 before 2.9.2 is used, does not conside
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6837. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The xsl_ext_function_php function in ext/xsl/xsltprocessor.c in PHP before 5.4.45, 5.5.x before 5.5.29, and 5.6.x before 5.6.13, when libxml2 before 2.9.2 is used, does not consider the possibility of a NULL valuePop return value before proceeding with a free operation during initial error checking, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted XML document, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6838.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0418. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox component in Oracle Virtualization VirtualBox prior to 3.2.26, 4.0.28, 4.1.36, and 4.2.28 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Core, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0377.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2717
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2717. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Integer overflow in libstagefright in Mozilla Firefox before 38.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow and out-of-bounds read) via an MP4 video file containing invalid metadata.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2810. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 7.5. Integer overflow in the HwpApp::CHncSDS_Manager function in Hancom Office HanWord processor, as used in Hwp 2014 VP before 9.1.0.2342, HanWord Viewer 2007 and Viewer 2010 8.5.6.1158, and HwpViewer 2014 VP 9.1.0.2186, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly "influence the program's execution flow" via a document with a large paragraph size, which triggers heap corruption.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1044
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1044. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. vmware-authd (aka the Authorization process) in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.5, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.5, and VMware ESXi 5.0 through 5.5 allows attackers to cause a host OS denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0231. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the process_nested_data function in ext/standard/var_unserializer.re in PHP before 5.4.37, 5.5.x before 5.5.21, and 5.6.x before 5.6.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted unserialize call that leverages improper handling of duplicate numerical keys within the serialized properties of an object. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-8142.
Query: risk of git-fastclone before 1.0.1 permits arbitrary shell command execution from .gitmodules. If an attacker can instruct a user to run a recursive clone from a repository they control, t
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8968. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. git-fastclone before 1.0.1 permits arbitrary shell command execution from .gitmodules. If an attacker can instruct a user to run a recursive clone from a repository they control, they can get a client to run an arbitrary shell command. Alternately, if an attacker can MITM an unencrypted git clone, they could exploit this. The ext command will be run if the repository is recursively cloned or if submodules are updated. This attack works when cloning both local and remote repositories.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8988. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Unquoted executable path vulnerability in Client Management and Gateway components in McAfee (now Intel Security) ePO Deep Command (eDC) 2.2 and 2.1 allows authenticated users to execute a command of their choice via dropping a malicious file for the path.
Query: vulnerability: Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2492. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2486, CVE-2015-2487, CVE-2015-2490, CVE-2015-2494, CVE-2015-2498, and CVE-2015-2499.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1333. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Memory leak in the __key_link_end function in security/keys/keyring.c in the Linux kernel before 4.1.4 allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via many add_key system calls that refer to existing keys.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1843
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1843. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Red Hat docker package before 1.5.0-28, when using the --add-registry option, falls back to HTTP when the HTTPS connection to the registry fails, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to conduct downgrade attacks and obtain authentication and image data by leveraging a network position between the client and the registry to block HTTPS traffic. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of a CVE-2014-5277 regression.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6821. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The ff_mpv_common_init function in libavcodec/mpegvideo.c in FFmpeg before 2.7.2 does not properly maintain the encoding context, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid pointer access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted MPEG data.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7004
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7004. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.1 allows attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted app.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1611. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. OpenFlow plugin for OpenDaylight before Helium SR3 allows remote attackers to spoof the SDN topology and affect the flow of data, related to "fake LLDP injection."
Query: exploit Cisco Jabber 10.6.x, 11.0.x, and 11.1.x on Windows allows man-in-the-middle attackers to conduct STARTTLS downgrade attacks and trigger cleartext XMPP sessions via unspecified vect
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6409. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. Cisco Jabber 10.6.x, 11.0.x, and 11.1.x on Windows allows man-in-the-middle attackers to conduct STARTTLS downgrade attacks and trigger cleartext XMPP sessions via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuw87419.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5832. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The iTunes Store component in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly delete AppleID credentials from the keychain upon a signout action, which might allow physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 and 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explor
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0049. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 and 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6267. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE before 2.2.3 on ASR 1000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted L2TP packet, aka Bug IDs CSCsw95722 and CSCsw95496.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: WinSock2 Autorun Keys Modification id: d6c2ce7e-afb5-4337-9ca4-4b5254ed0565 related: - id: 17f878b8-9968-4578-b814-c4217fc5768c type: derived status: test description: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/autoruns - https://gist.github.com/GlebSukhodolskiy/0fc5fa5f482903064b448890db1eaf9d author: Victor Sergeev, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Gleb Sukhodolskiy, Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community, Tim Shelton, frack113 (split) date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: winsock_parameters_base: TargetObject|contains: \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WinSock2\Parameters winsock_parameters: TargetObject|contains: - \Protocol_Catalog9\Catalog_Entries - \NameSpace_Catalog5\Catalog_Entries filter: - Details: (Empty) - Image: C:\Windows\System32\MsiExec.exe - Image: C:\Windows\syswow64\MsiExec.exe condition: winsock_parameters_base and winsock_parameters and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate software automatically (mostly, during installation) sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason - Legitimate administrator sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Azure Hybrid Connection Manager services querying the Azure service bus service. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS HybridConnectionManager Service Bus id: 7bd3902d-8b8b-4dd4-838a-c6862d40150d status: test description: Detects Azure Hybrid Connection Manager services querying the Azure service bus service references: - https://twitter.com/Cyb3rWard0g/status/1381642789369286662 author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2021-04-12 modified: 2023-01-16 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1554 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection: QueryName|contains: servicebus.windows.net Image|contains: HybridConnectionManager condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of Azure Hybrid Connection Manager and the Azure Service Bus service level: high
Query: SOC alert related to Dead Drop Resolver
Matching passage: T1102.001 Dead Drop Resolver. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure. Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses. Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).
Near-miss passage: T1102.003 One-Way Communication. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel. Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service. Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Query: telemetry for T1012
Matching passage: T1012 Query Registry. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software. The Registry contains a significant amount of information about the operating system, configuration, software, and security.(Citation: Wikipedia Windows Registry) Information can easily be queried using the [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) utility, though other means to access the Registry exist. Some of the information may help adversaries to further their operation within a network. Adversaries may use the information from [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Near-miss passage: T1016.001 Internet Connection Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites, or performing initial speed testing to confirm bandwidth. Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6081
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6081. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6069.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1681. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow local users to cause a denial of service via a crafted .msc file, aka "Microsoft Management Console File Format Denial of Service Vulnerability."
Query: risk of Hak5 WiFi Pineapple 2.0 through 2.3 uses predictable CSRF tokens.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4624. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. Hak5 WiFi Pineapple 2.0 through 2.3 uses predictable CSRF tokens.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5116. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-0578, CVE-2015-3115, CVE-2015-3116, and CVE-2015-3125.
Query: secure coding against Permissive Regular Expression
Matching passage: CWE-625 Permissive Regular Expression. The product uses a regular expression that does not sufficiently restrict the set of allowed values.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1107 Insufficient Isolation of Symbolic Constant Definitions. The source code uses symbolic constants, but it does not sufficiently place the definitions of these constants into a more centralized or isolated location.