alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling InstallUtil
Matching passage: T1218.004 InstallUtil. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code>. InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.ComponentModel.RunInstaller(true)]</code>. (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)
Near-miss passage: T1218.002 Control Panel. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse control.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. The Windows Control Panel process binary (control.exe) handles execution of Control Panel items, which are utilities that allow users to view and adjust computer settings. Control Panel items are registered executable (.exe) or Control Panel (.cpl) files, the latter are actually renamed dynamic-link library (.dll) files that export a <code>CPlApplet</code> function.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014) For ease of use, Control Panel items typically include graphical menus available to users after being registered and loaded into the Control Panel.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) Control Panel items can be executed directly from the command line, programmatically via an application programming interface (API) call, or by simply double-clicking the file.(Citation: Microsoft Implementing CPL) (Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) Malicious Control Panel items can be delivered via [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Jan 2014)(Citation: TrendMicro CPL Malware Dec 2013) or executed as part of multi-stage malware.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017) Control Panel items, specifically CPL files, may also bypass application and/or file extension allow lists. Adversaries may also rename malicious DLL files (.dll) with Control Panel file extensions (.cpl) and register them to <code>HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Control Panel\Cpls</code>. Even when these registered DLLs do not comply with the CPL file specification and do not export <code>CPlApplet</code> functions, they are loaded and executed through its <code>DllEntryPoint</code> when Control Panel is executed. CPL files not exporting <code>CPlApplet</code> are not directly executable.(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)
Query: exploit SQL injection vulnerability in the search_post function in includes/search.php in Redaxscript before 2.3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the search_
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1518. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the search_post function in includes/search.php in Redaxscript before 2.3.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the search_terms parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10070. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in copperwall Twiddit. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file index.php. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The identifier of the patch is 2203d4ce9810bdaccece5c48ff4888658a01acfc. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-218897 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Query: SIEM correlation: stealth activity consistent with Software Packing
Matching passage: T1027.002 Software Packing. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code. Software packing is a method of compressing or encrypting an executable. Packing an executable changes the file signature in an attempt to avoid signature-based detection. Most decompression techniques decompress the executable code in memory. Virtual machine software protection translates an executable's original code into a special format that only a special virtual machine can run. A virtual machine is then called to run this code.(Citation: ESET FinFisher Jan 2018) Utilities used to perform software packing are called packers. Example packers are MPRESS and UPX. A more comprehensive list of known packers is available, but adversaries may create their own packing techniques that do not leave the same artifacts as well-known packers to evade defenses.(Citation: Awesome Executable Packing)
Near-miss passage: T1027.003 Steganography. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information. Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files. [Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography. It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu) By the end of 2017, a threat group used <code>Invoke-PSImage</code> to hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system. In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation: McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics)
Query: CWE for Improper Neutralization of Multiple Trailing Special Elements
Matching passage: CWE-163 Improper Neutralization of Multiple Trailing Special Elements. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes multiple trailing special elements that could be interpreted in unexpected ways when they are sent to a downstream component.
Near-miss passage: CWE-600 Uncaught Exception in Servlet. The Servlet does not catch all exceptions, which may reveal sensitive debugging information.
Query: actor TTPs: Local Email Collection
Matching passage: T1114.001 Local Email Collection. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. Files containing email data can be acquired from a user’s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files. Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost. Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes) IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files. Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Outlook Files` or `C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files)
Near-miss passage: T1114 Email Collection. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. Emails may also contain details of ongoing incident response operations, which may allow adversaries to adjust their techniques in order to maintain persistence or evade defenses.(Citation: TrustedSec OOB Communications)(Citation: CISA AA20-352A 2021) Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.
Query: detect Detects Cobalt Strike module/commands accidentally entered in CMD shell in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Cobalt Strike module/commands accidentally entered in CMD shell. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Operator Bloopers Cobalt Strike Modules id: 4f154fb6-27d1-4813-a759-78b93e0b9c48 related: - id: 647c7b9e-d784-4fda-b9a0-45c565a7b729 type: similar status: test description: Detects Cobalt Strike module/commands accidentally entered in CMD shell references: - https://hstechdocs.helpsystems.com/manuals/cobaltstrike/current/userguide/content/cobalt-4-5-user-guide.pdf - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/04/bazarloader-and-the-conti-leaks/ - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/06/16/sans-ransomware-summit-2022-can-you-detect-this/ author: _pete_0, TheDFIRReport date: 2022-05-06 modified: 2023-01-30 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: Cmd.Exe - Image|endswith: \cmd.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - Invoke-UserHunter - Invoke-ShareFinder - Invoke-Kerberoast - Invoke-SMBAutoBrute - Invoke-Nightmare - zerologon - av_query condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls to possibly abuse remote encryption service via MS-EFSR. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Remote Encrypting File System Abuse id: 5f92fff9-82e2-48eb-8fc1-8b133556a551 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls to possibly abuse remote encryption service via MS-EFSR references: - https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-36942 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-EFSR.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.lateral-movement logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:df1941c5-fe89-4e79-bf10-463657acf44d or c681d488-d850-11d0-8c52-00c04fd90f7e' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: - df1941c5-fe89-4e79-bf10-463657acf44d - c681d488-d850-11d0-8c52-00c04fd90f7e condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of remote file encryption level: high
Query: vulnerability: Unspecified vulnerability in the Mobile Server component in Oracle Database Mobile/Lite Server 10.3.0.3, 11.3.0.2, and 12.1.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrit
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4894. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in the Mobile Server component in Oracle Database Mobile/Lite Server 10.3.0.3, 11.3.0.2, and 12.1.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity and availability via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3910. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in Google V8 before 4.3.61.21, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65, allow attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have other impact via unknown vectors.
Query: common weakness: Insufficient Documentation of Error Handling Techniques
Matching passage: CWE-1118 Insufficient Documentation of Error Handling Techniques. The documentation does not sufficiently describe the techniques that are used for error handling, exception processing, or similar mechanisms.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1127 Compilation with Insufficient Warnings or Errors. The code is compiled without sufficient warnings enabled, which may prevent the detection of subtle bugs or quality issues.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7016
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7016. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.599999904632568. The MCX Application Restrictions component in Apple OS X before 10.11.1, when Managed Configuration is enabled, mishandles provisioning profiles, which allows attackers to bypass intended entitlement restrictions and gain privileges via a crafted developer-signed app.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2363. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, and Windows RT allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: Sigma YAML for webserver
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects source code enumeration that use GET requests by keyword searches in URL strings. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Source Code Enumeration Detection by Keyword id: 953d460b-f810-420a-97a2-cfca4c98e602 status: test description: Detects source code enumeration that use GET requests by keyword searches in URL strings references: - https://pentester.land/tutorials/2018/10/25/source-code-disclosure-via-exposed-git-folder.html - https://medium.com/@logicbomb_1/bugbounty-how-i-was-able-to-download-the-source-code-of-indias-largest-telecom-service-52cf5c5640a1 author: James Ahearn date: 2019-06-08 modified: 2022-10-05 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1083 logsource: category: webserver detection: keywords: - .git/ condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect AD credential dumping using impacket secretdump HKTL. Based on the SIGMA rules/windows/builtin/win_impacket_secre. Logsource: zeek / smb_files. Rule: title: Possible Impacket SecretDump Remote Activity - Zeek id: 92dae1ed-1c9d-4eff-a567-33acbd95b00e status: test description: Detect AD credential dumping using impacket secretdump HKTL. Based on the SIGMA rules/windows/builtin/win_impacket_secretdump.yml references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20230329153811/https://blog.menasec.net/2019/02/threat-huting-10-impacketsecretdump.html author: Samir Bousseaden, @neu5ron date: 2020-03-19 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.002 - attack.t1003.004 - attack.t1003.003 logsource: product: zeek service: smb_files detection: selection: path|contains|all: - \ - ADMIN$ name|contains: SYSTEM32\ name|endswith: .tmp condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: Microsoft Silverlight 5 before 5.1.40416.00 allows remote attackers to bypass intended integrity-level restrictions via a crafted Silverlight application, aka "Microsoft Silverligh
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1715. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Silverlight 5 before 5.1.40416.00 allows remote attackers to bypass intended integrity-level restrictions via a crafted Silverlight application, aka "Microsoft Silverlight Out of Browser Application Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3283. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. OpenAFS before 1.6.13 allows remote attackers to spoof bos commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of Apache Standard Taglibs before 1.2.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or conduct external XML entity (XXE) attacks via a crafted XSLT extension in a (1) <x:parse> 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0254. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Apache Standard Taglibs before 1.2.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or conduct external XML entity (XXE) attacks via a crafted XSLT extension in a (1) <x:parse> or (2) <x:transform> JSTL XML tag.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5420. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in HP KeyView before 10.23.0.1 and 10.24.x before 10.24.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2880.
Query: EDR alert: possible Remote Data Staging (T1074.002)
Matching passage: T1074.002 Remote Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.
Near-miss passage: T1074.001 Local Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)
Query: detection rule: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. Screensavers are prog
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. Screensavers are prog. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Suspicious Screensaver Binary File Creation id: 97aa2e88-555c-450d-85a6-229bcd87efb8 status: test description: 'Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1546.002/T1546.002.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-29 modified: 2022-11-08 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1546.002 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: .scr filter_generic: Image|endswith: - \Kindle.exe - \Bin\ccSvcHst.exe filter_tiworker: Image|endswith: \TiWorker.exe TargetFilename|endswith: \uwfservicingscr.scr condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of "Wlrmdr.exe" with the "-u" command line flag which allows anything passed to it to be an argume. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Wlrmdr.EXE Uncommon Argument Or Child Process id: 9cfc00b6-bfb7-49ce-9781-ef78503154bb status: experimental description: 'Detects the execution of "Wlrmdr.exe" with the "-u" command line flag which allows anything passed to it to be an argument of the ShellExecute API, which would allow an attacker to execute arbitrary binaries. This detection also focuses on any uncommon child processes spawned from "Wlrmdr.exe" as a supplement for those that posses "ParentImage" telemetry. ' references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1493963591745220608?s=20&t=xUg9DsZhJy1q9bPTUWgeIQ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wlrmdr/ author: frack113, manasmbellani date: 2022-02-16 modified: 2025-10-31 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: \wlrmdr.exe selection_child_img: - Image|endswith: \wlrmdr.exe - OriginalFileName: WLRMNDR.EXE selection_child_cli_flags_s: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-s ' selection_child_cli_flags_f: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-f ' selection_child_cli_flags_t: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-t ' selection_child_cli_flags_m: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-m ' selection_child_cli_flags_a: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-a ' selection_child_cli_flags_u: CommandLine|contains|windash: '-u ' filter_main_winlogon: ParentImage: C:\Windows\System32\winlogon.exe filter_main_empty: ParentImage: - '' - '-' filter_main_null: ParentImage: null condition: selection_parent or (all of selection_child_* and not 1 of filter_main_*) falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: exploit Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0090. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted (1) web site or (2) file, aka "Adobe Font Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0088, CVE-2015-0091, CVE-2015-0092, and CVE-2015-0093.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0088. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted (1) web site or (2) file, aka "Adobe Font Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0090, CVE-2015-0091, CVE-2015-0092, and CVE-2015-0093.
Query: common weakness: Creation of chroot Jail Without Changing Working Directory
Matching passage: CWE-243 Creation of chroot Jail Without Changing Working Directory. The product uses the chroot() system call to create a jail, but does not change the working directory afterward. This does not prevent access to files outside of the jail.
Near-miss passage: CWE-917 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection'). The product constructs all or part of an expression language (EL) statement in a framework such as a Java Server Page (JSP) using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended EL statement before it is executed.