alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the HTTP/2 experimental feature in Apache Traffic Server 5.3.x before 5.3.2 has unknown impact and attack vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5168. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the HTTP/2 experimental feature in Apache Traffic Server 5.3.x before 5.3.2 has unknown impact and attack vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5206.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2113. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in HP Easy Deploy, as distributed standalone and in HP Easy Tools before 3.0.1.1650, on HP Thin Client t5540, t5740, and t5740e devices and HP Flexible Thin Client t510, t520, t610, t620, and t820 devices allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: vulnerability: The Login Window component in Apple OS X before 10.11 does not ensure that the screen is locked at the intended time, which allows physically proximate attackers to obtain access b
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5833. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Login Window component in Apple OS X before 10.11 does not ensure that the screen is locked at the intended time, which allows physically proximate attackers to obtain access by visiting an unattended workstation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0832. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.0. Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 does not properly recognize the equivalence of domain names with and without a trailing . (dot) character, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass the HPKP and HSTS protection mechanisms by constructing a URL with this character and leveraging access to an X.509 certificate for a domain with this character.
Query: risk of Seagate ST500LT015 hard disk drives, when operating in eDrive mode on Lenovo ThinkPad W541 laptops with BIOS 2.21, allow physically proximate attackers to bypass self-encrypting dr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7269. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.199999809265137. Seagate ST500LT015 hard disk drives, when operating in eDrive mode on Lenovo ThinkPad W541 laptops with BIOS 2.21, allow physically proximate attackers to bypass self-encrypting drive (SED) protection by attaching a second SATA connector to exposed pins, maintaining an alternate power source, and attaching the data cable to another machine, aka a "Hot Unplug Attack."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1268. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.0. bindings/scripts/v8_types.py in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.130, does not properly select a creation context for a return value's DOM wrapper, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via crafted JavaScript code, as demonstrated by use of a data: URL.
Query: exploit The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corrupti
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7083. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7084.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7937. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Stack-based buffer overflow in the GoAhead Web Server on Schneider Electric Modicon M340 PLC BMXNOx and BMXPx devices allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long password in HTTP Basic Authentication data.
Query: secure coding against Path Traversal: 'UNCsharename' (Windows UNC Share)
Matching passage: CWE-40 Path Traversal: 'UNCsharename' (Windows UNC Share). The product accepts input that identifies a Windows UNC share ('UNCsharename') that potentially redirects access to an unintended location or arbitrary file.
Near-miss passage: CWE-940 Improper Verification of Source of a Communication Channel. The product establishes a communication channel to handle an incoming request that has been initiated by an actor, but it does not properly verify that the request is coming from the expected origin.
Query: risk of Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0309. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 16.0.0.272 on Android, Adobe AIR SDK before 16.0.0.272, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 16.0.0.272 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0304.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1348. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in Aruba Instant (IAP) with firmware before 4.0.0.7 and 4.1.x before 4.1.1.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash or reset to factory default) via a malformed frame to the wireless interface.
Query: write Sigma for Detects SQL error messages that indicate probing for an injection attack
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects SQL error messages that indicate probing for an injection attack. Logsource: sql / application. Rule: title: Suspicious SQL Error Messages id: 8a670c6d-7189-4b1c-8017-a417ca84a086 status: test description: Detects SQL error messages that indicate probing for an injection attack references: - http://www.sqlinjection.net/errors author: Bjoern Kimminich date: 2017-11-27 modified: 2023-02-12 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: category: application product: sql definition: 'Requirements: application error logs must be collected (with LOG_LEVEL ERROR and above)' detection: keywords: - quoted string not properly terminated - You have an error in your SQL syntax - Unclosed quotation mark - 'near "*": syntax error' - SELECTs to the left and right of UNION do not have the same number of result columns condition: keywords falsepositives: - A syntax error in MySQL also occurs in non-dynamic (safe) queries if there is an empty in() clause, that may often be the case. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with the "--insecure" flag.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Insecure Transfer Via Curl.EXE id: cb9cc1d1-e84e-4bdc-b7ad-c31b1b7908ec status: test description: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with the "--insecure" flag. references: - https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-30 tags: - attack.execution logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \curl.exe - OriginalFileName: curl.exe selection_cli: - CommandLine|re: \s-k\s - CommandLine|contains: --insecure condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Access to badly maintained internal or development systems level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_curl_insecure_connection/info.yml
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Standard Encoding
Matching passage: T1132.001 Standard Encoding. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications. Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.
Near-miss passage: T1132.002 Non-Standard Encoding. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications. Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects usage of "IMEWDBLD.exe" to download arbitrary files
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of "IMEWDBLD.exe" to download arbitrary files. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Arbitrary File Download Via IMEWDBLD.EXE id: 863218bd-c7d0-4c52-80cd-0a96c09f54af related: - id: 8d7e392e-9b28-49e1-831d-5949c6281228 type: derived status: test description: Detects usage of "IMEWDBLD.exe" to download arbitrary files references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1105/T1105.md#atomic-test-10---windows---powershell-download - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/IMEWDBLD/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \IMEWDBLD.exe - OriginalFileName: imewdbld.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - http:// - https:// condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects connections to interplanetary file system (IPFS) containing a user's email address which mirrors behaviours obse. Logsource: proxy. Rule: title: Suspicious Network Communication With IPFS id: eb6c2004-1cef-427f-8885-9042974e5eb6 status: test description: Detects connections to interplanetary file system (IPFS) containing a user's email address which mirrors behaviours observed in recent phishing campaigns leveraging IPFS to host credential harvesting webpages. references: - https://blog.talosintelligence.com/ipfs-abuse/ - https://github.com/Cisco-Talos/IOCs/tree/80caca039988252fbb3f27a2e89c2f2917f582e0/2022/11 - https://isc.sans.edu/diary/IPFS%20phishing%20and%20the%20need%20for%20correctly%20set%20HTTP%20security%20headers/29638 author: Gavin Knapp date: 2023-03-16 tags: - attack.collection - attack.credential-access - attack.t1056 logsource: category: proxy detection: selection: cs-uri|re: (?i)(ipfs\.io/|ipfs\.io\s).+\..+@.+\.[a-z]+ condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of IPFS being used in the organisation. However the cs-uri regex looking for a user email will likely negate this. level: low
Query: exploit Cloud Foundry Runtime cf-release before 216, UAA before 2.5.2, and Pivotal Cloud Foundry (PCF) Elastic Runtime before 1.7.0 allow attackers to have unspecified impact by leveraging
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5172. CWE: CWE-640. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Cloud Foundry Runtime cf-release before 216, UAA before 2.5.2, and Pivotal Cloud Foundry (PCF) Elastic Runtime before 1.7.0 allow attackers to have unspecified impact by leveraging failure to expire password reset links.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7257. CWE: CWE-640. CVSS: 7.5. ZTE ADSL ZXV10 W300 modems W300V2.1.0f_ER7_PE_O57 and W300V2.1.0h_ER7_PE_O57 allow remote authenticated non-administrator users to change the admin password by intercepting an outgoing password change request, and changing the username parameter from "support" to "admin".
Query: exploit Huawei P7 before P7-L00C17B851, P7-L05C00B851, and P7-L09C92B851 and P8 ALE-UL00 before ALE-UL00B211 allows local users to cause a denial of service (OS crash) via vectors involvin
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7740. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. Huawei P7 before P7-L00C17B851, P7-L05C00B851, and P7-L09C92B851 and P8 ALE-UL00 before ALE-UL00B211 allows local users to cause a denial of service (OS crash) via vectors involving an application that passes crafted input to the GPU driver.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6824. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The sws_init_context function in libswscale/utils.c in FFmpeg before 2.7.2 does not initialize certain pixbuf data structures, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation violation) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted video data.
Query: vulnerability: The add-on installation feature in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0.3 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2.1 allows remote attackers to bypass an intended user-confirmation requirement by c
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4498. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.5. The add-on installation feature in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0.3 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2.1 allows remote attackers to bypass an intended user-confirmation requirement by constructing a crafted data: URL and triggering navigation to an arbitrary http: or https: URL at a certain early point in the installation process.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7713. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.0. OpenStack Compute (Nova) before 2014.2.4 (juno) and 2015.1.x before 2015.1.2 (kilo) do not properly apply security group changes, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended restriction by leveraging an instance that was running when the change was made.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8991
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8991. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.0. Malicious file execution vulnerability in Intel Security McAfee Security Scan+ (MSS+) before 3.11.266.3 allows attackers to make the product momentarily vulnerable via executing preexisting specifically crafted malware during installation or uninstallation, but not during normal operation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6348. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. The report-generation web interface in the Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended RBAC restrictions, and read report or status information, by visiting an unspecified web page.
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Automated Exfiltration
Matching passage: T1020 Automated Exfiltration. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data, such as sensitive documents, through the use of automated processing after being gathered during Collection.(Citation: ESET Gamaredon June 2020) When automated exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) and [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).
Near-miss passage: T1020.001 Traffic Duplication. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may leverage traffic mirroring in order to automate data exfiltration over compromised infrastructure. Traffic mirroring is a native feature for some devices, often used for network analysis. For example, devices may be configured to forward network traffic to one or more destinations for analysis by a network analyzer or other monitoring device. (Citation: Cisco Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: Juniper Traffic Mirroring) Adversaries may abuse traffic mirroring to mirror or redirect network traffic through other infrastructure they control. Malicious modifications to network devices to enable traffic redirection may be possible through [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) or [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) Many cloud-based environments also support traffic mirroring. For example, AWS Traffic Mirroring, GCP Packet Mirroring, and Azure vTap allow users to define specified instances to collect traffic from and specified targets to send collected traffic to.(Citation: AWS Traffic Mirroring)(Citation: GCP Packet Mirroring)(Citation: Azure Virtual Network TAP) Adversaries may use traffic duplication in conjunction with [Network Sniffing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040), [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056), or [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) depending on the goals and objectives of the adversary.
Query: SIEM correlation: exfiltration activity consistent with Exfiltration Over Symmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol
Matching passage: T1048.001 Exfiltration Over Symmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a symmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Symmetric encryption algorithms are those that use shared or the same keys/secrets on each end of the channel. This requires an exchange or pre-arranged agreement/possession of the value used to encrypt and decrypt data. Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged, but adversaries may opt to manually share keys and implement symmetric cryptographic algorithms (ex: RC4, AES) vice using mechanisms that are baked into a protocol. This may result in multiple layers of encryption (in protocols that are natively encrypted such as HTTPS) or encryption in protocols that not typically encrypted (such as HTTP or FTP).
Near-miss passage: T1048.002 Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin. Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.
Query: rule covering Detects suspicious command lines used in Covenant luanchers
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious command lines used in Covenant luanchers. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Covenant PowerShell Launcher id: c260b6db-48ba-4b4a-a76f-2f67644e99d2 status: test description: Detects suspicious command lines used in Covenant luanchers references: - https://posts.specterops.io/covenant-v0-5-eee0507b85ba author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jonhnathan Ribeiro, oscd.community date: 2020-06-04 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1564.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains|all: - -Sta - -Nop - -Window - Hidden CommandLine|contains: - -Command - -EncodedCommand selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - 'sv o (New-Object IO.MemorySteam);sv d ' - mshta file.hta - GruntHTTP - -EncodedCommand cwB2ACAAbwAgA condition: 1 of selection_* level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification of the registry settings used for Internet Explorer and other Windows components that use these set. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Modification of IE Registry Settings id: d88d0ab2-e696-4d40-a2ed-9790064e66b3 status: test description: Detects modification of the registry settings used for Internet Explorer and other Windows components that use these settings. An attacker can abuse this registry key to add a domain to the trusted sites Zone or insert JavaScript for persistence references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1112/T1112.md#atomic-test-4---add-domain-to-trusted-sites-zone - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1112/T1112.md#atomic-test-5---javascript-in-registry author: frack113 date: 2022-01-22 modified: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_domains: TargetObject|contains: \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings filter_main_dword: Details|startswith: DWORD filter_main_null: Details: null filter_main_office: Details: - 'Cookie:' - 'Visited:' - (Empty) filter_main_path: TargetObject|contains: - \Cache - \ZoneMap - \WpadDecision filter_main_binary: Details: Binary Data filter_optional_accepted_documents: TargetObject|contains: \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Accepted Documents condition: selection_domains and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: explain CWE-145
Matching passage: CWE-145 Improper Neutralization of Section Delimiters. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as section delimiters when they are sent to a downstream component.
Near-miss passage: CWE-497 Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere. The product does not properly prevent sensitive system-level information from being accessed by unauthorized actors who do not have the same level of access to the underlying system as the product does.
Query: SOC runbook when seeing Lateral movement indicators for Modify or Spoof Tool UI
Matching passage: Playbook for T1685.003 Modify or Spoof Tool UI. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1685.003. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: defense impairment. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may spoof or manipulate security tool user interfaces (UIs) to falsely indicate tools are functioning normally and delay detection and response. Adversaries may present misleading or falsified security tool interfaces (UIs) that display normal or healthy status indicators, even when underlying security tools have been disabled, degraded, or otherwise tampered with. Security tools typic
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1685.001 Disable or Modify Windows Event Log. Different response path focused on defense impairment.
Query: common weakness: Incorrect Default Permissions
Matching passage: CWE-276 Incorrect Default Permissions. During installation, installed file permissions are set to allow anyone to modify those files.
Near-miss passage: CWE-833 Deadlock. The product contains multiple threads or executable segments that are waiting for each other to release a necessary lock, resulting in deadlock.