alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma rule for Detects potential DLL sideloading of an unsigned dbghelp.dll by the Sysinternals VMMap.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of an unsigned dbghelp.dll by the Sysinternals VMMap.. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: VMMap Unsigned Dbghelp.DLL Potential Sideloading id: 273a8dd8-3742-4302-bcc7-7df5a80fe425 related: - id: 98ffaed4-aec2-4e04-9b07-31492fe68b3d type: similar status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of an unsigned dbghelp.dll by the Sysinternals VMMap. references: - https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/sysinternals-blog/zoomit-v7-1-procdump-2-0-for-linux-process-explorer-v17-05/ba-p/3884766 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-28 modified: 2023-09-05 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|contains: C:\Debuggers\dbghelp.dll Image|endswith: - \vmmap.exe - \vmmap64.exe filter_main_signed: Signed: 'true' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of Gpg4win to encrypt/decrypt files located in potentially suspicious locations.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Encryption/Decryption Via Gpg4win From Suspicious Locations id: e1e0b7d7-e10b-4ee4-ac49-a4bda05d320d status: test description: Detects usage of Gpg4win to encrypt/decrypt files located in potentially suspicious locations. references: - https://blogs.vmware.com/security/2022/11/batloader-the-evasive-downloader-malware.html - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2022/01/19/zloader-installs-remote-access-backdoors-and-delivers-cobalt-strike/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-11-30 modified: 2023-08-09 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_metadata: - Image|endswith: - \gpg.exe - \gpg2.exe - Product: GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) - Description: GnuPG’s OpenPGP tool selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: -passphrase selection_paths: CommandLine|contains: - :\PerfLogs\ - :\Temp\ - :\Users\Public\ - :\Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \AppData\Roaming\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: SOC alert related to Obtain Capabilities
Matching passage: T1588 Obtain Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)
Near-miss passage: T1588.007 Artificial Intelligence. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may obtain access to generative artificial intelligence tools, such as large language models (LLMs), to aid various techniques during targeting. These tools may be used to inform, bolster, and enable a variety of malicious tasks, including conducting [Reconnaissance](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043), creating basic scripts, assisting social engineering, and even developing payloads.(Citation: MSFT-AI) For example, by utilizing a publicly available LLM an adversary is essentially outsourcing or automating certain tasks to the tool. Using AI, the adversary may draft and generate content in a variety of written languages to be used in [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) campaigns. The same publicly available tool may further enable vulnerability or other offensive research supporting [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587). AI tools may also automate technical tasks by generating, refining, or otherwise enhancing (e.g., [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027)) malicious scripts and payloads.(Citation: OpenAI-CTI) Finally, AI-generated text, images, audio, and video may be used for fraud, [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/001), and other malicious activities.(Citation: Google-Vishing24)(Citation: IC3-AI24)(Citation: WSJ-Vishing-AI24)
Query: detection engineering for Archive via Custom Method
Matching passage: T1560.003 Archive via Custom Method. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)
Near-miss passage: T1560.001 Archive via Utility. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may use utilities to compress and/or encrypt collected data prior to exfiltration. Many utilities include functionalities to compress, encrypt, or otherwise package data into a format that is easier/more secure to transport. Adversaries may abuse various utilities to compress or encrypt data before exfiltration. Some third party utilities may be preinstalled, such as <code>tar</code> on Linux and macOS or <code>zip</code> on Windows systems. On Windows, <code>diantz</code> or <code> makecab</code> may be used to package collected files into a cabinet (.cab) file. <code>diantz</code> may also be used to download and compress files from remote locations (i.e. [Remote Data Staging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002)).(Citation: diantz.exe_lolbas) <code>xcopy</code> on Windows can copy files and directories with a variety of options. Additionally, adversaries may use [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to Base64 encode collected data before exfiltration. Adversaries may use also third party utilities, such as 7-Zip, WinRAR, and WinZip, to perform similar activities.(Citation: 7zip Homepage)(Citation: WinRAR Homepage)(Citation: WinZip Homepage)
Query: detection engineering for Cloud Infrastructure Discovery
Matching passage: T1580 Cloud Infrastructure Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: An adversary may attempt to discover infrastructure and resources that are available within an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environment. This includes compute service resources such as instances, virtual machines, and snapshots as well as resources of other services including the storage and database services. Cloud providers offer methods such as APIs and commands issued through CLIs to serve information about infrastructure. For example, AWS provides a <code>DescribeInstances</code> API within the Amazon EC2 API that can return information about one or more instances within an account, the <code>ListBuckets</code> API that returns a list of all buckets owned by the authenticated sender of the request, the <code>HeadBucket</code> API to determine a bucket’s existence along with access permissions of the request sender, or the <code>GetPublicAccessBlock</code> API to retrieve access block configuration for a bucket.(Citation: Amazon Describe Instance)(Citation: Amazon Describe Instances API)(Citation: AWS Get Public Access Block)(Citation: AWS Head Bucket) Similarly, GCP's Cloud SDK CLI provides the <code>gcloud compute instances list</code> command to list all Google Compute Engine instances in a project (Citation: Google Compute Instances), and Azure's CLI command <code>az vm list</code> lists details of virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI) In addition to API commands, adversaries can utilize open source tools to discover cloud storage infrastructure through [Wordlist Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595/003).(Citation: Malwarebytes OSINT Leaky Buckets - Hioureas) An adversary may enumerate resources using a compromised user's access keys to determine which are available to that user.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS) The discovery of these available resources may help adversaries determine their next steps in the Cloud environment, such as establishing Persistence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)An adversary may also use this informa
Near-miss passage: T1069.002 Domain Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. Commands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.
Query: detect Detects suspicious execution of "PDQDeployRunner" which is part of the PDQDeploy service stack that is responsible for e in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious execution of "PDQDeployRunner" which is part of the PDQDeploy service stack that is responsible for e. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious Execution Of PDQDeployRunner id: 12b8e9f5-96b2-41e1-9a42-8c6779a5c184 related: - id: d679950c-abb7-43a6-80fb-2a480c4fc450 type: similar status: test description: Detects suspicious execution of "PDQDeployRunner" which is part of the PDQDeploy service stack that is responsible for executing commands and packages on a remote machines references: - https://twitter.com/malmoeb/status/1550483085472432128 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-22 modified: 2024-05-02 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|contains: \PDQDeployRunner- selection_child: - Image|endswith: - \bash.exe - \certutil.exe - \cmd.exe - \csc.exe - \cscript.exe - \dllhost.exe - \mshta.exe - \msiexec.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \scriptrunner.exe - \wmic.exe - \wscript.exe - \wsl.exe - Image|contains: - :\ProgramData\ - :\Users\Public\ - :\Windows\TEMP\ - \AppData\Local\Temp - CommandLine|contains: - ' -decode ' - ' -enc ' - ' -encodedcommand ' - ' -w hidden' - DownloadString - FromBase64String - http - 'iex ' - Invoke- condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the PDQDeploy tool to execute these commands level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating to target systems on TCP port 80 or 443. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: RDP to HTTP or HTTPS Target Ports id: b1e5da3b-ca8e-4adf-915c-9921f3d85481 status: test description: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating to target systems on TCP port 80 or 443 references: - https://twitter.com/tekdefense/status/1519711183162556416?s=12&t=OTsHCBkQOTNs1k3USz65Zg - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/bypassing-network-restrictions-through-rdp-tunneling author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-04-29 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1572 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.001 - car.2013-07-002 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \svchost.exe Initiated: 'true' SourcePort: 3389 DestinationPort: - 80 - 443 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: explain CWE-1091
Matching passage: CWE-1091 Use of Object without Invoking Destructor Method. The product contains a method that accesses an object but does not later invoke the element's associated finalize/destructor method.
Near-miss passage: CWE-11 ASP.NET Misconfiguration: Creating Debug Binary. Debugging messages help attackers learn about the system and plan a form of attack.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6816
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6816. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. ganglia-web before 3.7.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6280. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The SSHv2 functionality in Cisco IOS 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, and 15.5 and IOS XE 3.6E before 3.6.3E, 3.7E before 3.7.1E, 3.10S before 3.10.6S, 3.11S before 3.11.4S, 3.12S before 3.12.3S, 3.13S before 3.13.3S, and 3.14S before 3.14.1S does not properly implement RSA authentication, which allows remote attackers to obtain login access by leveraging knowledge of a username and the associated public key, aka Bug ID CSCus73013.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7292
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7292. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the havok_write function in drivers/staging/havok/havok.c in Amazon Fire OS before 2016-01-15 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (panic) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a long string to /dev/hv.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5791. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in JavaScriptCore in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6966
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6966. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Nibbleblog before 4.0.5 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) create a post via a new_simple action to admin.php or (2) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the content parameter in a new_simple action to admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2805. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in sec/content/sec_asa_users_local_db_add.html in the management web interface in Alcatel-Lucent OmniSwitch 6450, 6250, 6850E, 9000E, 6400, 6855, 6900, 10K, and 6860 with firmware 6.4.5.R02, 6.4.6.R01, 6.6.4.R01, 6.6.5.R02, 7.3.2.R01, 7.3.3.R01, 7.3.4.R01, and 8.1.1.R01 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that create users via a crafted request.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7601
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7601. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Directory traversal vulnerability in PCMan's FTP Server 2.0.7 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..// (dot dot double slash) in a RETR command.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0107. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. IBM Tivoli IT Asset Management for IT, Tivoli Service Request Manager, and Change and Configuration Management Database 7.1 through 7.1.1.8 and 7.2 and Maximo Asset Management and Maximo Industry Solutions 7.1 through 7.1.1.8, 7.5 before 7.5.0.7 IFIX003, and 7.6 before 7.6.0.0 IFIX002 allow remote authenticated users to conduct directory traversal attacks via unspecified vectors.
Query: write Sigma for Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Detected Windows Software Discovery - PowerShell id: 2650dd1a-eb2a-412d-ac36-83f06c4f2282 status: test description: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1518/T1518.md - https://github.com/harleyQu1nn/AggressorScripts author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-16 modified: 2022-12-02 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1518 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - get-itemProperty - \software\ - select-object - format-table condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential persistence activity via outlook today page. An attacker can set a custom page to execute arbitrary co. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via Outlook Today Page id: 487bb375-12ef-41f6-baae-c6a1572b4dd1 related: - id: ddd171b5-2cc6-4975-9e78-f0eccd08cc76 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects potential persistence activity via outlook today page. An attacker can set a custom page to execute arbitrary code and link to it via the registry values "URL" and "UserDefinedUrl". ' references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-persistence-via-microsoft-exchange-server-or-outlook?slide=74 - https://trustedsec.com/blog/specula-turning-outlook-into-a-c2-with-one-registry-change author: Tobias Michalski (Nextron Systems), David Bertho (@dbertho) & Eirik Sveen (@0xSV1), Storebrand date: 2021-06-10 modified: 2024-08-07 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection_main: TargetObject|contains|all: - Software\Microsoft\Office\ - \Outlook\Today\ selection_value_stamp: TargetObject|endswith: \Stamp Details: DWORD (0x00000001) selection_value_url: TargetObject|endswith: - \URL - \UserDefinedUrl filter_main_office: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\ClickToRun\ - C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\ClickToRun\Updates\ Image|endswith: \OfficeClickToRun.exe condition: selection_main and 1 of selection_value_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-3190
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3190. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. With Cloud Foundry Runtime cf-release versions v209 or earlier, UAA Standalone versions 2.2.6 or earlier and Pivotal Cloud Foundry Runtime 1.4.5 or earlier the UAA logout link is susceptible to an open redirect which allows an attacker to insert malicious web page as a redirect parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5608. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Open redirect vulnerability in Joomla! CMS 3.0.0 through 3.4.1.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5421
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5421. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in HP KeyView before 10.23.0.1 and 10.24.x before 10.24.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2881.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0450. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Portal component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11.1.1.8.0 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to WebCenter Spaces Application.
Query: indicators of Remote Desktop Protocol
Matching passage: T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1021.005 VNC. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to remotely control machines using Virtual Network Computing (VNC). VNC is a platform-independent desktop sharing system that uses the RFB (“remote framebuffer”) protocol to enable users to remotely control another computer’s display by relaying the screen, mouse, and keyboard inputs over the network.(Citation: The Remote Framebuffer Protocol) VNC differs from [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) as VNC is screen-sharing software rather than resource-sharing software. By default, VNC uses the system's authentication, but it can be configured to use credentials specific to VNC.(Citation: MacOS VNC software for Remote Desktop)(Citation: VNC Authentication) Adversaries may abuse VNC to perform malicious actions as the logged-on user such as opening documents, downloading files, and running arbitrary commands. An adversary could use VNC to remotely control and monitor a system to collect data and information to pivot to other systems within the network. Specific VNC libraries/implementations have also been susceptible to brute force attacks and memory usage exploitation.(Citation: Hijacking VNC)(Citation: macOS root VNC login without authentication)(Citation: VNC Vulnerabilities)(Citation: Offensive Security VNC Authentication Check)(Citation: Attacking VNC Servers PentestLab)(Citation: Havana authentication bug)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6927
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6927. CWE: CWE-59. CVSS: 3.5999999046325684. vzctl before 4.9.4 determines the virtual environment (VE) layout based on the presence of root.hdd/DiskDescriptor.xml in the VE private directory, which allows local simfs container (CT) root users to change the root password for arbitrary ploop containers, as demonstrated by a symlink attack on the ploop container root.hdd file and then access a control panel.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5700. CWE: CWE-59. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. mktexlsr revision 22855 through revision 36625 as packaged in texlive allows local users to write to arbitrary files via a symlink attack.