alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: rule covering Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver, which is used for live kernel debugging
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver, which is used for live kernel debugging. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: LiveKD Driver Creation id: 16fe46bb-4f64-46aa-817d-ff7bec4a2352 status: test description: Detects the creation of the LiveKD driver, which is used for live kernel debugging references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-16 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\LiveKdD.SYS Image|endswith: - \livekd.exe - \livek64.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of LiveKD for debugging purposes will also trigger this level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects default RemCom service filename which indicates RemCom service installation and execution. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: RemCom Service File Creation id: 7eff1a7f-dd45-4c20-877a-f21e342a7611 status: test description: Detects default RemCom service filename which indicates RemCom service installation and execution references: - https://github.com/kavika13/RemCom/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 - attack.s0029 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: \RemComSvc.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Lateral movement indicators for DNS
Matching passage: T1071.004 DNS. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling) DNS beaconing may be used to send commands to remote systems via DNS queries. A DNS beacon is created by tunneling DNS traffic (i.e. [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572)). The commands may be embedded into different DNS records, for example, TXT or A records.(Citation: OilRig Uses Updated BONDUPDATER to Target Middle Eastern Government) DNS beacons may be difficult to detect because the beacons infrequently communicate with infected devices.(Citation: DNS Beacons) Infrequent communication conceals the malicious DNS traffic with normal DNS traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1071.001 Web Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with web traffic to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as HTTP/S(Citation: CrowdStrike Putter Panda) and WebSocket(Citation: Brazking-Websockets) that carry web traffic may be very common in environments. HTTP/S packets have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.
Query: exploit Cybozu Office 9.0.0 through 10.3 allows remote attackers to discover CSRF tokens via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8488.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8487. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cybozu Office 9.0.0 through 10.3 allows remote attackers to discover CSRF tokens via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8488.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1994. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. IBM Security QRadar Incident Forensics 7.2.x before 7.2.5 Patch 5 does not include the HTTPOnly flag in a Set-Cookie header for the session cookie, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain potentially sensitive information via script access to this cookie.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Code Repositories
Matching passage: T1593.003 Code Repositories. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim. Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees. Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). **Note:** This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories.
Near-miss passage: T1593.002 Search Engines. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking) Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).
Query: detection rule: Detects enabling TurnOffCheck which can be used to bypass defense of MSDT Follina vulnerability
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects enabling TurnOffCheck which can be used to bypass defense of MSDT Follina vulnerability. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Scripted Diagnostics Turn Off Check Enabled - Registry id: 7d995e63-ec83-4aa3-89d5-8a17b5c87c86 status: test description: Detects enabling TurnOffCheck which can be used to bypass defense of MSDT Follina vulnerability references: - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1537075968568877057?s=20&t=0lr18OAnmAGoGpma6grLUw author: Christopher Peacock @securepeacock, SCYTHE @scythe_io date: 2022-06-15 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Policies\Microsoft\Windows\ScriptedDiagnostics\TurnOffCheck Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrator actions level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the AppInstaller (winget) admin settings. Such as enabling local manifest installations or disabling. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Winget Admin Settings Modification id: 6db5eaf9-88f7-4ed9-af7d-9ef2ad12f236 status: test description: Detects changes to the AppInstaller (winget) admin settings. Such as enabling local manifest installations or disabling installer hash checks references: - https://github.com/nasbench/Misc-Research/tree/b9596e8109dcdb16ec353f316678927e507a5b8d/LOLBINs/Winget - https://github.com/microsoft/winget-cli/blob/02d2f93807c9851d73eaacb4d8811a76b64b7b01/src/AppInstallerCommonCore/Public/winget/AdminSettings.h#L13 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-17 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: Image|endswith: \winget.exe TargetObject|startswith: \REGISTRY\A\ TargetObject|endswith: \LocalState\admin_settings condition: selection falsepositives: - The event doesn't contain information about the type of change. False positives are expected with legitimate changes level: low
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Symmetric Cryptography
Matching passage: T1573.001 Symmetric Cryptography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.
Near-miss passage: T1573.002 Asymmetric Cryptography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver’s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal. For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).
Query: incident response steps for Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching AS-REP Roasting
Matching passage: Playbook for T1558.004 AS-REP Roasting. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1558.004. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: credential access. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may reveal credentials of accounts that have disabled Kerberos preauthentication by [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) Kerberos messages.(Citation: Harmj0y Roasting AS-REPs Jan 2017) Preauthentication offers protection against offline [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002). When enabled, a user requesting access to a resource
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1558 Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets. Different response path focused on credential access.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5605
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5605. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 5.0. The regular-expression implementation in Google V8, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, mishandles interrupts, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via crafted JavaScript code, as demonstrated by an error in garbage collection during allocation of a stack-overflow exception message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1262. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. platform/fonts/shaping/HarfBuzzShaper.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65, does not initialize a certain width field, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted Unicode text.
Query: write Sigma for Detects when the "index" value of a scheduled task is removed or deleted from the registry. Which effectively hides it f
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when the "index" value of a scheduled task is removed or deleted from the registry. Which effectively hides it f. Logsource: windows / registry_delete. Rule: title: Removal Of Index Value to Hide Schedule Task - Registry id: 526cc8bc-1cdc-48ad-8b26-f19bff969cec related: - id: acd74772-5f88-45c7-956b-6a7b36c294d2 type: similar - id: 5b16df71-8615-4f7f-ac9b-6c43c0509e61 type: similar status: test description: Detects when the "index" value of a scheduled task is removed or deleted from the registry. Which effectively hides it from any tooling such as "schtasks /query" references: - https://blog.qualys.com/vulnerabilities-threat-research/2022/06/20/defending-against-scheduled-task-attacks-in-windows-environments author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-26 modified: 2025-10-25 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: registry_delete detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Schedule\TaskCache\Tree\ - Index condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_delete/registry_delete_schtasks_hide_task_via_index_value_removal/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of winget to install applications via manifest file. Adversaries can abuse winget to download payloads rem. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Install New Package Via Winget Local Manifest id: 313d6012-51a0-4d93-8dfc-de8553239e25 status: test description: 'Detects usage of winget to install applications via manifest file. Adversaries can abuse winget to download payloads remotely and execute them. The manifest option enables you to install an application by passing in a YAML file directly to the client. Winget can be used to download and install exe, msi or msix files later. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget/install#local-install - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Winget/ - https://github.com/nasbench/Misc-Research/tree/b9596e8109dcdb16ec353f316678927e507a5b8d/LOLBINs/Winget author: Sreeman, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2020-04-21 modified: 2023-04-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \winget.exe - OriginalFileName: winget.exe selection_install_flag: CommandLine|contains: - install - ' add ' selection_manifest_flag: CommandLine|contains: - '-m ' - --manifest condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Some false positives are expected in some environment that may use this functionality to install and test their custom applications level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0249
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0249. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The weblog page template in Apache Roller 5.1 through 5.1.1 allows remote authenticated users with admin privileges for a weblog to execute arbitrary Java code via crafted Velocity Text Language (aka VTL).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5646. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.5. Cybozu Garoon 3.x through 3.7.5 and 4.x through 4.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors, aka CyVDB-863 and CyVDB-867.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects potential DLL sideloading of "SmadHook.dll", a DLL used by SmadAV antivirus
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "SmadHook.dll", a DLL used by SmadAV antivirus. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential SmadHook.DLL Sideloading id: 24b6cf51-6122-469e-861a-22974e9c1e5b status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "SmadHook.dll", a DLL used by SmadAV antivirus references: - https://research.checkpoint.com/2023/malware-spotlight-camaro-dragons-tinynote-backdoor/ - https://www.qurium.org/alerts/targeted-malware-against-crph/ author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-01 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: - \SmadHook32c.dll - \SmadHook64c.dll filter_main_legit_path: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe - C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe - C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe - C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe ImageLoaded|startswith: - C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\ - C:\Program Files\SMADAV\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may use a non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected host. Logsource: windows / ps_classic_start. Rule: title: Netcat The Powershell Version id: c5b20776-639a-49bf-94c7-84f912b91c15 related: - id: bf7286e7-c0be-460b-a7e8-5b2e07ecc2f2 type: derived status: test description: Adversaries may use a non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network references: - https://nmap.org/ncat/ - https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1095/T1095.md author: frack113 date: 2021-07-21 modified: 2023-10-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.execution - attack.t1095 - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_classic_start detection: selection: Data|contains: - 'powercat ' - powercat.ps1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Local Account
Matching passage: T1087.001 Local Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code> on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: id man page)(Citation: groups man page) On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file. On macOS, the <code>dscl . list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts. On ESXi servers, the `esxcli system account list` command can list local user accounts.(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)
Near-miss passage: T1087.004 Cloud Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts. Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts. The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation: Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance) The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain. The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018) The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API)
Query: detection rule: Detects when certificate based authentication has been enabled in an Azure Active Directory tenant.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when certificate based authentication has been enabled in an Azure Active Directory tenant.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Certificate-Based Authentication Enabled id: c2496b41-16a9-4016-a776-b23f8910dc58 status: test description: Detects when certificate based authentication has been enabled in an Azure Active Directory tenant. references: - https://posts.specterops.io/passwordless-persistence-and-privilege-escalation-in-azure-98a01310be3f - https://goodworkaround.com/2022/02/15/digging-into-azure-ad-certificate-based-authentication/ author: Harjot Shah Singh, '@cyb3rjy0t' date: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: OperationName: Authentication Methods Policy Update TargetResources.modifiedProperties|contains: AuthenticationMethodsPolicy condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: RDP login with localhost source address may be a tunnelled login. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: RDP Login from Localhost id: 51e33403-2a37-4d66-a574-1fda1782cc31 status: test description: RDP login with localhost source address may be a tunnelled login references: - https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/bypassing-network-restrictions-through-rdp-tunneling.html author: Thomas Patzke date: 2019-01-28 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - car.2013-07-002 - attack.t1021.001 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 10 IpAddress: - ::1 - 127.0.0.1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: common weakness: Incomplete I/O Documentation
Matching passage: CWE-1111 Incomplete I/O Documentation. The product's documentation does not adequately define inputs, outputs, or system/software interfaces.
Near-miss passage: CWE-807 Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision. The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of an input, but the input can be modified by an untrusted actor in a way that bypasses the protection mechanism.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8579
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8579. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Kaspersky Total Security 2015 15.0.2.361 allocates memory with Read, Write, Execute (RWX) permissions at predictable addresses when protecting user-mode processes, which allows attackers to bypass the DEP and ASLR protection mechanisms via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3435. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 10.0. Samsung Security Manager (SSM) before 1.31 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with an HTTP (1) PUT or (2) MOVE request.