alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: common weakness: Mismatched Memory Management Routines
Matching passage: CWE-762 Mismatched Memory Management Routines. The product attempts to return a memory resource to the system, but it calls a release function that is not compatible with the function that was originally used to allocate that resource.
Near-miss passage: CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection'). The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects WMIC executing "process call create" with suspicious calls to processes such as "rundll32", "regsrv32", etc.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects WMIC executing "process call create" with suspicious calls to processes such as "rundll32", "regsrv32", etc.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Process Created Via Wmic.EXE id: 3c89a1e8-0fba-449e-8f1b-8409d6267ec8 related: - id: 526be59f-a573-4eea-b5f7-f0973207634d type: derived status: test description: Detects WMIC executing "process call create" with suspicious calls to processes such as "rundll32", "regsrv32", etc. references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2020/10/08/ryuks-return/ - https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/ransomware-hive-conti-avoslocker author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-10-12 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'process ' - 'call ' - 'create ' CommandLine|contains: - rundll32 - bitsadmin - regsvr32 - 'cmd.exe /c ' - 'cmd.exe /k ' - 'cmd.exe /r ' - 'cmd /c ' - 'cmd /k ' - 'cmd /r ' - powershell - pwsh - certutil - cscript - wscript - mshta - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\ - '%temp%' - '%tmp%' - '%ProgramData%' - '%appdata%' - '%comspec%' - '%localappdata%' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high simulation: - type: atomic red team name: WMI Execute rundll32 technique: T1047 atomic_guid: 00738d2a-4651-4d76-adf2-c43a41dfb243 regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_wmic_susp_process_creation/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects an appx package deployment / installation with the error code "0x80073cff" which indicates that the package didn. Logsource: windows / appxdeployment-server. Rule: title: AppX Package Deployment Failed Due to Signing Requirements id: 898d5fc9-fbc3-43de-93ad-38e97237c344 status: test description: 'Detects an appx package deployment / installation with the error code "0x80073cff" which indicates that the package didn''t meet the signing requirements. ' references: - https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/inside-malicious-windows-apps-for-malware-deployment/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/appxpkg/troubleshooting - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2021/11/11/bazarloader-call-me-back-attack-abuses-windows-10-apps-mechanism/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-11 modified: 2025-12-03 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows service: appxdeployment-server detection: selection: EventID: 401 ErrorCode: '0x80073cff' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate AppX packages not signed by MS used part of an enterprise. level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the creation of a scheduled task using schtasks.exe, potentially in combination with curl for downloading payloa
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a scheduled task using schtasks.exe, potentially in combination with curl for downloading payloa. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Scheduled Task Creation with Curl and PowerShell Execution Combo id: 1d174d38-8fda-4081-a9b6-56d9763c0cd8 status: experimental description: 'Detects the creation of a scheduled task using schtasks.exe, potentially in combination with curl for downloading payloads and PowerShell for executing them. This facilitates executing malicious payloads or connecting with C&C server persistently without dropping the malware sample on the host. ' references: - https://tria.ge/241015-l98snsyeje/behavioral2 author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-02-05 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1053.005 - attack.t1218 - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains|windash: ' /create ' selection_curl: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'curl ' - http - -o selection_powershell: CommandLine|contains: powershell condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of schtasks for administrative purposes. - Automation scripts combining curl and PowerShell in controlled environments. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects global permissions change activity.. Logsource: bitbucket / audit. Rule: title: Bitbucket Global Permission Changed id: aac6c4f4-87c7-4961-96ac-c3fd3a42c310 status: test description: Detects global permissions change activity. references: - https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/audit-log-events-776640423.html - https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/global-permissions-776640369.html author: Muhammad Faisal (@faisalusuf) date: 2024-02-25 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1098 logsource: product: bitbucket service: audit definition: 'Requirements: "Advance" log level is required to receive these audit events.' detection: selection: auditType.category: Permissions auditType.action: - Global permission remove request - Global permission removed - Global permission granted - Global permission requested condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate user activity. level: medium
Query: Sigma YAML for kubernetes / audit
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted.. Logsource: kubernetes / audit. Rule: title: Kubernetes Secrets Modified or Deleted id: 58d31a75-a4f8-4c40-985b-373d58162ca2 related: - id: 2f0bae2d-bf20-4465-be86-1311addebaa3 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted. ' references: - https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/apiserver-audit.v1/ - https://commandk.dev/blog/guide-to-audit-k8s-secrets-for-compliance/ author: kelnage date: 2024-07-11 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: product: kubernetes service: audit detection: selection: objectRef.resource: secrets verb: - create - delete - patch - replace - update condition: selection falsepositives: - Secrets being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Automated processes may need to take these actions and may need to be filtered. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects file access requests to the Windows Credential History File by an uncommon application. This can be a sign of cr. Logsource: windows / file_access. Rule: title: Access To Windows Credential History File By Uncommon Applications id: 7a2a22ea-a203-4cd3-9abf-20eb1c5c6cd2 status: test description: 'Detects file access requests to the Windows Credential History File by an uncommon application. This can be a sign of credential stealing. Example case would be usage of mimikatz "dpapi::credhist" function ' references: - https://tools.thehacker.recipes/mimikatz/modules/dpapi/credhist - https://www.passcape.com/windows_password_recovery_dpapi_credhist author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-17 modified: 2024-07-29 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1555.004 logsource: category: file_access product: windows definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-File ETW provider' detection: selection: FileName|endswith: \Microsoft\Protect\CREDHIST filter_main_system_folders: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files\ - C:\Program Files (x86)\ - C:\Windows\system32\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ filter_main_explorer: Image: C:\Windows\explorer.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-0029
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0029. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1077. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: write Sigma for Detects Microsoft Excel loading an Add-In (.xll) file from an uncommon location
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Microsoft Excel loading an Add-In (.xll) file from an uncommon location. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Microsoft Excel Add-In Loaded From Uncommon Location id: af4c4609-5755-42fe-8075-4effb49f5d44 related: - id: c5f4b5cb-4c25-4249-ba91-aa03626e3185 type: derived status: test description: Detects Microsoft Excel loading an Add-In (.xll) file from an uncommon location references: - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/lnk-between-browsers - https://wazuh.com/blog/detecting-xll-files-used-for-dropping-fin7-jssloader-with-wazuh/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1204.002 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \excel.exe ImageLoaded|contains: - \Desktop\ - \Downloads\ - \Perflogs\ - \Temp\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Tasks\ ImageLoaded|endswith: .xll condition: selection falsepositives: - Some tuning might be required to allow or remove certain locations used by the rule if you consider them as safe locations level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of base64 utility to decode arbitrary base64-encoded text. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Decode Base64 Encoded Text id: e2072cab-8c9a-459b-b63c-40ae79e27031 status: test description: Detects usage of base64 utility to decode arbitrary base64-encoded text references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1027/T1027.md author: Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community date: 2020-10-19 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /base64 CommandLine|contains: -d condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate activities level: low
Query: vulnerability: Directory traversal vulnerability in the Helpdesk Pro plugin before 1.4.0 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the filename parameter i
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4074. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the Helpdesk Pro plugin before 1.4.0 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the filename parameter in a ticket.download_attachment task.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1198. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in ha 0.999p+dfsg-5.
Query: detect Detects adversaries leveraging the MiniDump export function from comsvcs.dll via rundll32 to perform a memory dump from in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects adversaries leveraging the MiniDump export function from comsvcs.dll via rundll32 to perform a memory dump from. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: Lsass Memory Dump via Comsvcs DLL id: a49fa4d5-11db-418c-8473-1e014a8dd462 status: test description: Detects adversaries leveraging the MiniDump export function from comsvcs.dll via rundll32 to perform a memory dump from lsass. references: - https://twitter.com/shantanukhande/status/1229348874298388484 - https://modexp.wordpress.com/2019/08/30/minidumpwritedump-via-com-services-dll/ author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2020-10-20 modified: 2023-11-29 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection: TargetImage|endswith: \lsass.exe SourceImage|endswith: \rundll32.exe CallTrace|contains: comsvcs.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect when System Manager successfully executes commands against an instance.. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: Potential Malicious Usage of CloudTrail System Manager id: 38e7f511-3f74-41d4-836e-f57dfa18eead status: test description: 'Detect when System Manager successfully executes commands against an instance. ' references: - https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/blob/v8.6.0/rules/integrations/aws/initial_access_via_system_manager.toml author: jamesc-grafana date: 2024-07-11 modified: 2025-12-08 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566 - attack.t1566.002 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection_event: eventName: SendCommand eventSource: ssm.amazonaws.com selection_status_success: errorCode: Success selection_status_null: errorCode: null condition: selection_event and 1 of selection_status_* falsepositives: - There are legitimate uses of SSM to send commands to EC2 instances - Legitimate users may have to use SSM to perform actions against machines in the Cloud to update or maintain them level: high
Query: secure coding against Logging of Excessive Data
Matching passage: CWE-779 Logging of Excessive Data. The product logs too much information, making log files hard to process and possibly hindering recovery efforts or forensic analysis after an attack.
Near-miss passage: CWE-403 Exposure of File Descriptor to Unintended Control Sphere ('File Descriptor Leak'). A process does not close sensitive file descriptors before invoking a child process, which allows the child to perform unauthorized I/O operations using those descriptors.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Compromise Hardware Supply Chain
Matching passage: T1195.003 Compromise Hardware Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.
Near-miss passage: T1195.002 Compromise Software Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. Supply chain compromise of software can take place in a number of ways, including manipulation of the application source code, manipulation of the update/distribution mechanism for that software, or replacing compiled releases with a modified version. Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.(Citation: Avast CCleaner3 2018)(Citation: Command Five SK 2011)
Query: exploit Directory traversal vulnerability in Air Traffic in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 allows attackers to access arbitrary filesystem locations via vectors related to asset handling.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5766. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 5.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in Air Traffic in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 allows attackers to access arbitrary filesystem locations via vectors related to asset handling.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7780. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in ManageEngine Firewall Analyzer before 8.0.
Query: explain CWE-540
Matching passage: CWE-540 Inclusion of Sensitive Information in Source Code. Source code on a web server or repository often contains sensitive information and should generally not be accessible to users.
Near-miss passage: CWE-362 Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition'). The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3181
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3181. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. files/externallib.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.8, and 2.8.x before 2.8.6 does not consider the moodle/user:manageownfiles capability before approving a private-file upload, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended file-management restrictions by using web services to perform uploads after this capability has been revoked.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1236. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The MediaElementAudioSourceNode::process function in modules/webaudio/MediaElementAudioSourceNode.cpp in the Web Audio API implementation in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90, allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy and obtain sensitive audio sample values via a crafted web site containing a media element.
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability in index.php in CatBot 0.4.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the lastcatbot parameter.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1367. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in index.php in CatBot 0.4.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the lastcatbot parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10038. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.0. A vulnerability was found in nym3r0s pplv2. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The patch is named 28f8b0550104044da09f04659797487c59f85b00. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218023.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / ps_classic_start
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a powershell download cradle using nslookup. This cradle uses nslookup to extract payloads from DNS records.. Logsource: windows / ps_classic_start. Rule: title: Nslookup PowerShell Download Cradle id: 999bff6d-dc15-44c9-9f5c-e1051bfc86e1 related: - id: 1b3b01c7-84e9-4072-86e5-fc285a41ff23 type: similar status: test description: Detects a powershell download cradle using nslookup. This cradle uses nslookup to extract payloads from DNS records. references: - https://twitter.com/Alh4zr3d/status/1566489367232651264 author: Sai Prashanth Pulisetti @pulisettis, Aishwarya Singam date: 2022-12-10 modified: 2025-02-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_classic_start detection: selection: Data|contains|all: - powershell - nslookup - '[1]' Data|contains: - -q=txt http - -querytype=txt http - -type=txt http condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries containing patterns associated with Kerberos coercion attacks via DNS object spoofing. The pattern ". Logsource: zeek / dns. Rule: title: Suspicious DNS Query Indicating Kerberos Coercion via DNS Object SPN Spoofing - Network id: 5588576c-5898-4fac-bcdd-7475a60e8f43 related: - id: b07e58cf-cacc-4135-8473-ccb2eba63dd2 type: similar - id: e7a21b5f-d8c4-4ae5-b8d9-93c5d3f28e1c type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects DNS queries containing patterns associated with Kerberos coercion attacks via DNS object spoofing. The pattern "1UWhRCAAAAA..BAAAA" is a base64-encoded signature that corresponds to a marshaled CREDENTIAL_TARGET_INFORMATION structure. Attackers can use this technique to coerce authentication from victim systems to attacker-controlled hosts. It is one of the strong indicators of a Kerberos coercion attack, where adversaries manipulate DNS records to spoof Service Principal Names (SPNs) and redirect authentication requests like CVE-2025-33073. ' references: - https://www.synacktiv.com/publications/ntlm-reflection-is-dead-long-live-ntlm-reflection-an-in-depth-analysis-of-cve-2025 - https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/10/using-kerberos-for-authentication-relay.html author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-06-20 tags: - attack.collection - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1557.001 - attack.t1187 logsource: product: zeek service: dns detection: selection: query|contains|all: - UWhRCA - BAAAA condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit Double free vulnerability in the format printer in PHP 7.x before 7.0.1 allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact by triggering an error.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8880. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Double free vulnerability in the format printer in PHP 7.x before 7.0.1 allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact by triggering an error.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8962. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Double free vulnerability in the sg_common_write function in drivers/scsi/sg.c in the Linux kernel before 4.4 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and system crash) by detaching a device during an SG_IO ioctl call.
Query: vulnerability: Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2490. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2486, CVE-2015-2487, CVE-2015-2492, CVE-2015-2494, CVE-2015-2498, and CVE-2015-2499.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1461. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. ClamAV before 0.98.6 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted (1) Yoda's crypter or (2) mew packer file, related to a "heap out of bounds condition."
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5233
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5233. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.199999809265137. Foreman before 1.8.4 and 1.9.x before 1.9.1 do not properly apply view_hosts permissions, which allows (1) remote authenticated users with the view_reports permission to read reports from arbitrary hosts or (2) remote authenticated users with the destroy_reports permission to delete reports from arbitrary hosts via direct access to the (a) individual report show/delete pages or (b) APIs.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0227. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. Apache WSS4J before 1.6.17 and 2.x before 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to bypass the requireSignedEncryptedDataElements configuration via a vectors related to "wrapping attacks."
Query: risk of JWT.php in F21 JWT before 2.0 allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification via crafted tokens.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2951. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. JWT.php in F21 JWT before 2.0 allows remote attackers to bypass signature verification via crafted tokens.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7993. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The Extended Application Services (aka XS or XS Engine) in SAP HANA DB 1.00.73.00.389160 (NewDB100_REL) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors related to "HTTP Login," aka SAP Security Note 2197397.