alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: alert when Detects execution of "curl.exe" with the "--insecure" flag.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with the "--insecure" flag.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Insecure Transfer Via Curl.EXE id: cb9cc1d1-e84e-4bdc-b7ad-c31b1b7908ec status: test description: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with the "--insecure" flag. references: - https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-30 tags: - attack.execution logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \curl.exe - OriginalFileName: curl.exe selection_cli: - CommandLine|re: \s-k\s - CommandLine|contains: --insecure condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Access to badly maintained internal or development systems level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_curl_insecure_connection/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects successful logon with logon type 9 (NewCredentials) which matches the Overpass the Hash behavior of e.g Mimikatz. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Successful Overpass the Hash Attempt id: 192a0330-c20b-4356-90b6-7b7049ae0b87 status: test description: Detects successful logon with logon type 9 (NewCredentials) which matches the Overpass the Hash behavior of e.g Mimikatz's sekurlsa::pth module. references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20220419045003/https://cyberwardog.blogspot.com/2017/04/chronicles-of-threat-hunter-hunting-for.html author: Roberto Rodriguez (source), Dominik Schaudel (rule) date: 2018-02-12 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.s0002 - attack.t1550.002 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 9 LogonProcessName: seclogo AuthenticationPackageName: Negotiate condition: selection falsepositives: - Runas command-line tool using /netonly parameter level: high
Query: risk of Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Mem
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6077. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6068, CVE-2015-6072, CVE-2015-6073, CVE-2015-6075, CVE-2015-6079, CVE-2015-6080, and CVE-2015-6082.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1802. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.5. The bdfReadProperties function in bitmap/bdfread.c in X.Org libXfont before 1.4.9 and 1.5.x before 1.5.1 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write and crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a (1) negative or (2) large property count in a BDF font file.
Query: telemetry for T1564.011
Matching passage: T1564.011 Ignore Process Interrupts. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may evade defensive mechanisms by executing commands that hide from process interrupt signals. Many operating systems use signals to deliver messages to control process behavior. Command interpreters often include specific commands/flags that ignore errors and other hangups, such as when the user of the active session logs off.(Citation: Linux Signal Man) These interrupt signals may also be used by defensive tools and/or analysts to pause or terminate specified running processes. Adversaries may invoke processes using `nohup`, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) `-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue`, or similar commands that may be immune to hangups.(Citation: nohup Linux Man)(Citation: Microsoft PowerShell SilentlyContinue) This may enable malicious commands and malware to continue execution through system events that would otherwise terminate its execution, such as users logging off or the termination of its C2 network connection. Hiding from process interrupt signals may allow malware to continue execution, but unlike [Trap](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/005) this does not establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) since the process will not be re-invoked once actually terminated.
Near-miss passage: T1564.013 Bind Mounts. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse bind mounts on file structures to hide their activity and artifacts from native utilities. A bind mount maps a directory or file from one location on the filesystem to another, similar to a shortcut on Windows. It’s commonly used to provide access to specific files or directories across different environments, such as inside containers or chroot environments, and requires sudo access. Adversaries may use bind mounts to map either an empty directory or a benign `/proc` directory to a malicious process’s `/proc` directory. Using the commands `mount –o bind /proc/benign-process /proc/malicious-process` (or `mount –B`), the malicious process's `/proc` directory is overlayed with the contents of a benign process's `/proc` directory. When system utilities query process activity, such as `ps` and `top`, the kernel follows the bind mount and presents the benign directory’s contents instead of the malicious process's actual `/proc` directory. As a result, these utilities display information that appears to come from the benign process, effectively hiding the malicious process's metadata, executable, or other artifacts from detection.(Citation: Cado Security Commando Cat 2024)(Citation: Ahn Lab CoinMiner 2023)
Query: weakness Access of Memory Location Before Start of Buffer
Matching passage: CWE-786 Access of Memory Location Before Start of Buffer. The product reads or writes to a buffer using an index or pointer that references a memory location prior to the beginning of the buffer.
Near-miss passage: CWE-325 Missing Cryptographic Step. The product does not implement a required step in a cryptographic algorithm, resulting in weaker encryption than advertised by the algorithm.
Query: describe CVE-2015-9371
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9371. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Manual Purchases Add-on for iThemes Exchange before 1.1.0 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg() and remove_query_arg().
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1402. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Content Rating extension 1.0.3 and earlier for TYPO3 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Screen Capture
Matching passage: T1113 Screen Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may attempt to take screen captures of the desktop to gather information over the course of an operation. Screen capturing functionality may be included as a feature of a remote access tool used in post-compromise operations. Taking a screenshot is also typically possible through native utilities or API calls, such as <code>CopyFromScreen</code>, <code>xwd</code>, or <code>screencapture</code>.(Citation: CopyFromScreen .NET)(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1056 Input Capture. Tactics: collection, credential access. Description: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Web Links module 6.x-2.x before 6.x-2.6 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.0 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with certain permiss
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5497. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Web Links module 6.x-2.x before 6.x-2.6 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.0 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with certain permissions to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6138. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 11 mishandles HTML attributes in HTTP responses, which allows remote attackers to bypass a cross-site scripting (XSS) protection mechanism via unspecified vectors, aka "Internet Explorer XSS Filter Bypass Vulnerability."
Query: vulnerability: The PCI backend driver in Xen, when running on an x86 system and using Linux 3.1.x through 4.3.x as the driver domain, allows local guest administrators to hit BUG conditions and c
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8551. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 6.0. The PCI backend driver in Xen, when running on an x86 system and using Linux 3.1.x through 4.3.x as the driver domain, allows local guest administrators to hit BUG conditions and cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and host OS crash) by leveraging a system with access to a passed-through MSI or MSI-X capable physical PCI device and a crafted sequence of XEN_PCI_OP_* operations, aka "Linux pciback missing sanity checks."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8592. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a pointer is not validated prior to being dereferenced potentially resulting in Guest-OS memory corruption.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1221. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging incorrect ordering of operations in the Web SQL Database thread relative to Blink's main thread, related to the shutdown function in web/WebKit.cpp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3118. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3124, CVE-2015-3127, CVE-2015-3128, CVE-2015-3129, CVE-2015-3131, CVE-2015-3132, CVE-2015-3136, CVE-2015-3137, CVE-2015-4428, CVE-2015-4430, and CVE-2015-5117.
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4431. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3117, CVE-2015-3123, CVE-2015-3130, CVE-2015-3133, and CVE-2015-3134.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0811. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. The QCMS implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 37.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process heap memory or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via an image that is improperly handled during transformation.
Query: what is T1090.001
Matching passage: T1090.001 Internal Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an internal proxy to direct command and control traffic between two or more systems in a compromised environment. Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use internal proxies to manage command and control communications inside a compromised environment, to reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, to provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between infected systems to avoid suspicion. Internal proxy connections may use common peer-to-peer (p2p) networking protocols, such as SMB, to better blend in with the environment. By using a compromised internal system as a proxy, adversaries may conceal the true destination of C2 traffic while reducing the need for numerous connections to external systems.
Near-miss passage: T1090.003 Multi-hop Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to disguise the source of malicious traffic. Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. For example, adversaries may construct or use onion routing networks – such as the publicly available [Tor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0183) network – to transport encrypted C2 traffic through a compromised population, allowing communication with any device within the network.(Citation: Onion Routing) Adversaries may also use operational relay box (ORB) networks composed of virtual private servers (VPS), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, smart devices, and end-of-life routers to obfuscate their operations.(Citation: ORB Mandiant) In the case of network infrastructure, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain (i.e., [Network Devices](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/008)). By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) on routers, adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes. This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method allowing the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization’s Wide-Area Network (WAN). Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport. Similarly, adversaries may abuse peer-to-peer (P2P) and blockchain-oriented infrastructure to implement routing between a decentralized network of peers.(Citation: NGLite Trojan)
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child p. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious Execution From Parent Process In Public Folder id: 69bd9b97-2be2-41b6-9816-fb08757a4d1a status: test description: 'Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child process containing references to shell or scripting binaries and commandlines. ' references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/blackbyte-ransomware/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-02-25 modified: 2024-07-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1564 - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|contains: :\Users\Public\ selection_child: - Image|endswith: - \bitsadmin.exe - \certutil.exe - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - CommandLine|contains: - bitsadmin - certutil - cscript - mshta - powershell - regsvr32 - rundll32 - wscript condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification of dMSA link attributes (msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink) via PowerShell scripts. This command li. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: DMSA Link Attributes Modified id: 9b111d8e-92e0-4153-88bc-daefc1333aba related: - id: 6c9eb492-e477-4df9-b0f4-571fc9db29cd type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects modification of dMSA link attributes (msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink) via PowerShell scripts. This command line pattern could be an indicator an attempt to exploit the BadSuccessor privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Server 2025. ' references: - https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/abusing-bad-successor-for-privilege-escalation-in-active-directory author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-05-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.002 - attack.t1098 logsource: category: ps_script product: windows detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - .Put("msDS-ManagedAccountPrecededByLink - CN= condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative tasks modifying these attributes. level: low
Query: explain T1560.002 Archive via Library
Matching passage: T1560.002 Archive via Library. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries. Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github). Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data. Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows. Note that the libraries are different from the utilities. The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism.
Near-miss passage: T1560 Archive Collected Data. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration. Compressing the data can help to obfuscate the collected data and minimize the amount of data sent over the network.(Citation: DOJ GRU Indictment Jul 2018) Encryption can be used to hide information that is being exfiltrated from detection or make exfiltration less conspicuous upon inspection by a defender. Both compression and encryption are done prior to exfiltration, and can be performed using a utility, 3rd party library, or custom method.
Query: common weakness: Creation of Immutable Text Using String Concatenation
Matching passage: CWE-1046 Creation of Immutable Text Using String Concatenation. The product creates an immutable text string using string concatenation operations.
Near-miss passage: CWE-374 Passing Mutable Objects to an Untrusted Method. The product sends non-cloned mutable data as an argument to a method or function.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3371
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Node Invite module before 6.x-2.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the destination parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1251. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the SpeechRecognitionClient implementation in the Speech subsystem in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted document.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-10020
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10020. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability has been found in ssn2013 cis450Project and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function addUser of the file HeatMapServer/src/com/datformers/servlet/AddAppUser.java. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The name of the patch is 39b495011437a105c7670e17e071f99195b4922e. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218380.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4129. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Subrion CMS before 3.3.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via modified serialized data in a salt cookie.
Query: risk of Open-source ARJ archiver 3.10.22 allows remote attackers to conduct directory traversal attacks via a symlink attack in an ARJ archive.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0556. CWE: CWE-59. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open-source ARJ archiver 3.10.22 allows remote attackers to conduct directory traversal attacks via a symlink attack in an ARJ archive.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3629. CWE: CWE-59. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Libcontainer 1.6.0, as used in Docker Engine, allows local users to escape containerization ("mount namespace breakout") and write to arbitrary file on the host system via a symlink attack in an image when respawning a container.
Query: Suspicious Modify or Spoof Tool UI execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1685.003 Modify or Spoof Tool UI. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may spoof or manipulate security tool user interfaces (UIs) to falsely indicate tools are functioning normally and delay detection and response. Adversaries may present misleading or falsified security tool interfaces (UIs) that display normal or healthy status indicators, even when underlying security tools have been disabled, degraded, or otherwise tampered with. Security tools typically provide visibility into system health, alerting, and operational status; by misrepresenting this information, adversaries can undermine defender trust in these signals and obscure the true security posture of the system. This behavior is often used in conjunction with efforts to disable or modify tools, where adversaries first impair the functionality of defenses (e.g., EDR, logging agents) and then replace or mimic their interfaces to conceal the loss of visibility. By maintaining the appearance of normal operations, such as showing active protection, successful updates, or absence of threats, adversaries can delay investigation and response, enabling continued malicious activity. For example, adversaries may display a fake Windows Security interface or system tray icon indicating a “protected” or “healthy” state after disabling Windows Defender or related services.(Citation: BlackBasta)
Near-miss passage: T1685.005 Clear Windows Event Logs. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion. Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications. There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit. With administrator privileges, the event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands: * `wevtutil cl system` * `wevtutil cl application` * `wevtutil cl security` These logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command `Remove-EventLog -LogName Security` to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging. Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) Adversaries may also attempt to clear logs by directly deleting the stored log files within `C:\Windows\System32\winevt\logs\`.