alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4796
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4796. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Java VM component in Oracle Database Server 11.2.0.4, 12.1.0.1, and 12.1.0.2, when running on Windows, allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4888.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4488. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the StyleAnimationValue class in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0, Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2, and Firefox OS before 2.2 allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact by leveraging a StyleAnimationValue::operator self assignment.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0247
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0247. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Heap-based buffer overflow in openfs.c in the libext2fs library in e2fsprogs before 1.42.12 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via crafted block group descriptor data in a filesystem image.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7090. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.599999904632568. Apple QuickTime before 7.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted movie file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7085, CVE-2015-7086, CVE-2015-7087, CVE-2015-7088, CVE-2015-7089, CVE-2015-7091, CVE-2015-7092, and CVE-2015-7117.
Query: exploit attach.c in LXC 1.1.2 and earlier uses the proc filesystem in a container, which allows local container users to escape AppArmor or SELinux confinement by mounting a proc filesyste
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1334. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. attach.c in LXC 1.1.2 and earlier uses the proc filesystem in a container, which allows local container users to escape AppArmor or SELinux confinement by mounting a proc filesystem with a crafted (1) AppArmor profile or (2) SELinux label.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2751. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Xen 4.3.x, 4.4.x, and 4.5.x, when using toolstack disaggregation, allows remote domains with partial management control to cause a denial of service (host lock) via unspecified domctl operations.
Query: credential access using Password Managers
Matching passage: T1555.005 Password Managers. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database. Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database. After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory. These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief) Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation: NVD CVE-2019-3610) Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)
Near-miss passage: T1555.002 Securityd Memory. Tactics: credential access. Description: An adversary with root access may gather credentials by reading `securityd`’s memory. `securityd` is a service/daemon responsible for implementing security protocols such as encryption and authorization.(Citation: Apple Dev SecurityD) A privileged adversary may be able to scan through `securityd`'s memory to find the correct sequence of keys to decrypt the user’s logon keychain. This may provide the adversary with various plaintext passwords, such as those for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple’s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) Apple’s `securityd` utility takes the user’s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user’s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3451
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3451. CWE: CWE-611. CVSS: 5.0. The _clone function in XML::LibXML before 2.0119 does not properly set the expand_entities option, which allows remote attackers to conduct XML external entity (XXE) attacks via crafted XML data to the (1) new or (2) load_xml function.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3907. CWE: CWE-611. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. CodeIgniter Rest Server (aka codeigniter-restserver) 2.7.1 allows XXE attacks.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8984
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8984. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. The fnmatch function in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) before 2.22 might allow context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a malformed pattern, which triggers an out-of-bounds read.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8925. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 5.5. The readline function in archive_read_support_format_mtree.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read) via a crafted mtree file, related to newline parsing.
Query: detect Credentials In Files
Matching passage: T1552.001 Credentials In Files. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords. It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).(Citation: CG 2014) Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller.(Citation: SRD GPP) In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)
Near-miss passage: T1552.002 Credentials in Registry. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search the Registry on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. The Windows Registry stores configuration information that can be used by the system or other programs. Adversaries may query the Registry looking for credentials and passwords that have been stored for use by other programs or services. Sometimes these credentials are used for automatic logons. Example commands to find Registry keys related to password information: (Citation: Pentestlab Stored Credentials) * Local Machine Hive: <code>reg query HKLM /f password /t REG_SZ /s</code> * Current User Hive: <code>reg query HKCU /f password /t REG_SZ /s</code>
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching File and Directory Discovery
Matching passage: T1083 File and Directory Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system. Adversaries may use the information from [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Many command shell utilities can be used to obtain this information. Examples include <code>dir</code>, <code>tree</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>find</code>, and <code>locate</code>.(Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT) Custom tools may also be used to gather file and directory information and interact with the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106). Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather file and directory information (e.g. <code>dir</code>, <code>show flash</code>, and/or <code>nvram</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) Some files and directories may require elevated or specific user permissions to access.
Near-miss passage: T1087.001 Local Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code> on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: id man page)(Citation: groups man page) On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file. On macOS, the <code>dscl . list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts. On ESXi servers, the `esxcli system account list` command can list local user accounts.(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)
Query: vulnerability: Open redirect vulnerability in the Node Invite module before 6.x-2.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via th
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Node Invite module before 6.x-2.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the destination parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1251. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the SpeechRecognitionClient implementation in the Speech subsystem in Google Chrome before 43.0.2357.65 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted document.
Query: risk of The Function call implementation in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6713. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The Function call implementation in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4894. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in the Mobile Server component in Oracle Database Mobile/Lite Server 10.3.0.3, 11.3.0.2, and 12.1.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity and availability via unknown vectors.
Query: risk of The D2DownloadService.getDownloadUrls service method in EMC Documentum D2 4.1 and 4.2 before 4.2 P16 and 4.5 before P03 allows remote authenticated users to conduct Documentum Quer
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0548. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.0. The D2DownloadService.getDownloadUrls service method in EMC Documentum D2 4.1 and 4.2 before 4.2 P16 and 4.5 before P03 allows remote authenticated users to conduct Documentum Query Language (DQL) injection attacks and bypass intended read-access restrictions via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2459. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. ATMFD.DLL in the Windows Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted OpenType font, aka "OpenType Font Parsing Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2458 and CVE-2015-2461.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4590
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4590. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. The extractFrom function in Internals/QuotedString.cpp in Arduino JSON before 4.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a JSON string with a \ (backslash) followed by a terminator, as demonstrated by "\\\0", which triggers a buffer overflow and over-read.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7497. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. Heap-based buffer overflow in the xmlDictComputeFastQKey function in dict.c in libxml2 before 2.9.3 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Query: weakness Function Call With Incorrect Order of Arguments
Matching passage: CWE-683 Function Call With Incorrect Order of Arguments. The product calls a function, procedure, or routine, but the caller specifies the arguments in an incorrect order, leading to resultant weaknesses.
Near-miss passage: CWE-834 Excessive Iteration. The product performs an iteration or loop without sufficiently limiting the number of times that the loop is executed.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Valid Accounts
Matching passage: T1078 Valid Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Compromised credentials may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access, network devices, and remote desktop.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) Compromised credentials may also grant an adversary increased privilege to specific systems or access to restricted areas of the network. Adversaries may choose not to use malware or tools in conjunction with the legitimate access those credentials provide to make it harder to detect their presence. In some cases, adversaries may abuse inactive accounts: for example, those belonging to individuals who are no longer part of an organization. Using these accounts may allow the adversary to evade detection, as the original account user will not be present to identify any anomalous activity taking place on their account.(Citation: CISA MFA PrintNightmare) The overlap of permissions for local, domain, and cloud accounts across a network of systems is of concern because the adversary may be able to pivot across accounts and systems to reach a high level of access (i.e., domain or enterprise administrator) to bypass access controls set within the enterprise.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft)
Near-miss passage: T1078.002 Domain Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.
Query: exploit IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability tha
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3770. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5783.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5934. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Audio in Apple OS X before 10.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted audio file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5933.
Query: adversary uses Network Device Firewall
Matching passage: T1686.002 Network Device Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable network device-based firewall mechanisms entirely or add, delete, or modify particular rules in order to bypass controls limiting network usage. Adversaries may obtain access to devices such as routers, switches, or other perimeter/network devices and change access control lists (ACLs), security zones, or policy rules to permit otherwise blocked traffic. For example, adversaries may add new network firewall rules to allow access to all internal network subnets without restrictions. Allowing access to internal network subsets may enable unrestricted inbound/outbound connectivity or open paths for command and control and lateral movement. Adversaries may obtain access to network device management interfaces via [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or by exploiting vulnerabilities. In some cases, threat actors may target firewalls and other network infrastructure that are exposed to the internet by leveraging weaknesses in public-facing applications ([Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).(Citation: CVE-2024-55591 Detail) Adversaries may also modify host networking configurations that indirectly manipulate system firewalls, such as adjusting interface bandwidth or network connection request thresholds.
Near-miss passage: T1686.003 Windows Host Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify the Windows host firewall to bypass controls limiting network usage. This can include disabling the Windows host firewall entirely, suppressing specific profiles (domain, private, public), or adding, deleting, and modifying firewall rules to allow or restrict traffic.(Citation: Nearest Neighbor Volexity) Adversaries may perform these modifications through multiple mechanisms depending on the Windows operating system and access level. For example, adversaries may use command-line utilities (e.g., `netsh advfirewall` or PowerShell cmdlets like `Set-NetFirewallProfile`, `New-NetFirewallRule`), Windows Registry modifications (e.g., altering firewall states and rule configurations via registry keys), or the Windows Control Panel to modify firewall settings through the Windows Security interface. By disabling or modifying Windows firewall services, adversaries may enable access to remote services, open ports for command and control traffic, or configure rules for further actions.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8249
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8249. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The FileUploadServlet class in ManageEngine Desktop Central 9 before build 91093 allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary files via the ConnectionId parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0796. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In open buildservice 2.6 before 2.6.3, 2.5 before 2.5.7 and 2.4 before 2.4.8 the source service patch application could generate non-standard files like symlinks or device nodes, which could allow buildservice users to break of confinement or cause denial of service attacks on the source service.
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or caus
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3041. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0347, CVE-2015-0350, CVE-2015-0352, CVE-2015-0353, CVE-2015-0354, CVE-2015-0355, CVE-2015-0360, CVE-2015-3038, CVE-2015-3042, and CVE-2015-3043.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6680. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Shockwave Player before 12.2.0.162 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6681.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3301
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3301. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 4.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the TheCartPress eCommerce Shopping Cart (aka The Professional WordPress eCommerce Plugin) plugin for WordPress before 1.3.9.3 allows remote administrators to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the tcp_box_path parameter in the checkout_editor_settings page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5313. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 2.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the virStorageBackendFileSystemVolCreate function in storage/storage_backend_fs.c in libvirt, when fine-grained Access Control Lists (ACL) are in effect, allows local users with storage_vol:create ACL but not domain:write permission to write to arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in a volume name.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8921
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8921. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 7.5. The ae_strtofflags function in archive_entry.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted mtree file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8817. CWE: CWE-125. CVSS: 5.5. QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) built to use 'address_space_translate' to map an address to a MemoryRegionSection is vulnerable to an OOB r/w access issue. It could occur while doing pci_dma_read/write calls. Affects QEMU versions >= 1.6.0 and <= 2.3.1. A privileged user inside guest could use this flaw to crash the guest instance resulting in DoS.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0564
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0564. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. Buffer underflow in the ssl_decrypt_record function in epan/dissectors/packet-ssl-utils.c in Wireshark 1.10.x before 1.10.12 and 1.12.x before 1.12.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted packet that is improperly handled during decryption of an SSL session.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5896. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5868 and CVE-2015-5903.