alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Clear Mailbox Data
Matching passage: T1070.008 Clear Mailbox Data. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity. Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs. Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests. Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534), [Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code> [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ExchangePowerShell Module) On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code> or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page) Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)
Near-miss passage: T1070.004 File Deletion. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint. There are tools available from the host operating system to perform cleanup, but adversaries may use other tools as well.(Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016) Examples of built-in [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059) functions include <code>del</code> on Windows, <code>rm</code> or <code>unlink</code> on Linux and macOS, and `rm` on ESXi.
Query: CWE for Misinterpretation of Input
Matching passage: CWE-115 Misinterpretation of Input. The product misinterprets an input, whether from an attacker or another product, in a security-relevant fashion.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1251 Mirrored Regions with Different Values. The product's architecture mirrors regions without ensuring that their contents always stay in sync.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-9044
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9044. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a vulnerability exists in LTE where an assertion can be reached due to an improper bound on the size of a frequency list.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7374. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The Remote Agent component in Schneider Electric InduSoft Web Studio before 8.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, aka ZDI-CAN-2649.
Query: explain CWE-921
Matching passage: CWE-921 Storage of Sensitive Data in a Mechanism without Access Control. The product stores sensitive information in a file system or device that does not have built-in access control.
Near-miss passage: CWE-248 Uncaught Exception. An exception is thrown from a function, but it is not caught.
Query: exploit providers/saml2/admin.py in the Identity Provider (IdP) server in Ipsilon 0.1.0 before 1.0.1 does not properly check permissions to update the SAML2 Service Provider (SP) owner, wh
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5217. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. providers/saml2/admin.py in the Identity Provider (IdP) server in Ipsilon 0.1.0 before 1.0.1 does not properly check permissions to update the SAML2 Service Provider (SP) owner, which allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service via a duplicate SP name.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7468. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Report Builder in IBM Jazz Reporting Service (JRS) 5.x before 5.0.2-Rational-CLM-ifix011 and 6.0 before 6.0.0-Rational-CLM-ifix005 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended restrictions on administrator tasks via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0769
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0769. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XR 4.0.1 through 4.2.0 for CRS-3 Carrier Routing System allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NPU ASIC scan and line-card reload) via crafted IPv6 extension headers, aka Bug ID CSCtx03546.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7813. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Xen 4.4.x, 4.5.x, and 4.6.x does not limit the number of printk console messages when reporting unimplemented hypercalls, which allows local guests to cause a denial of service via a sequence of (1) HYPERVISOR_physdev_op hypercalls, which are not properly handled in the do_physdev_op function in arch/arm/physdev.c, or (2) HYPERVISOR_hvm_op hypercalls, which are not properly handled in the do_hvm_op function in arch/arm/hvm.c.
Query: campaign using Modify Cloud Compute Configurations
Matching passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Near-miss passage: T1578.003 Delete Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable. An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Container Orchestration Job
Matching passage: T1053.007 Container Orchestration Job. Tactics: execution, persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code. Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system. Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster. In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob) An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)
Near-miss passage: T1053.005 Scheduled Task. Tactics: execution, persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows. The [schtasks](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0111) utility can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel.(Citation: Stack Overflow) In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library and [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) (WMI) to create a scheduled task. Adversaries may also utilize the Powershell Cmdlet `Invoke-CimMethod`, which leverages WMI class `PS_ScheduledTask` to create a scheduled task via an XML path.(Citation: Red Canary - Atomic Red Team) An adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and/or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM). Similar to [System Binary Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218), adversaries have also abused the Windows Task Scheduler to potentially mask one-time execution under signed/trusted system processes.(Citation: ProofPoint Serpent) Adversaries may also create "hidden" scheduled tasks (i.e. [Hide Artifacts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1564)) that may not be visible to defender tools and manual queries used to enumerate tasks. Specifically, an adversary may hide a task from `schtasks /query` and the Task Scheduler by deleting the associated Security Descriptor (SD) registry value (where deletion of this value must be completed using SYSTEM permissions).(Citation: SigmaHQ)(Citation: Tarrask scheduled task) Adversaries may also employ alternate me
Query: exploit Multiple use-after-free vulnerabilities in sound/soc/msm/qdsp6v2/msm-lsm-client.c in the Qualcomm sound driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P, and Android One d
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8951. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Multiple use-after-free vulnerabilities in sound/soc/msm/qdsp6v2/msm-lsm-client.c in the Qualcomm sound driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P, and Android One devices allow attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka Android internal bug 30142668 and Qualcomm internal bug CR 948902.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1328. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The overlayfs implementation in the linux (aka Linux kernel) package before 3.19.0-21.21 in Ubuntu through 15.04 does not properly check permissions for file creation in the upper filesystem directory, which allows local users to obtain root access by leveraging a configuration in which overlayfs is permitted in an arbitrary mount namespace.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7898
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7898. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.5. Samsung Gallery in the Samsung Galaxy S6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (process crash).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8973. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 8.300000190734863. xmlhttp.php in MyBB (aka MyBulletinBoard) before 1.6.18 and 1.8.x before 1.8.6 and MyBB Merge System before 1.8.6 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via vectors related to the forum password.
Query: vulnerability: The console in Puppet Enterprise 3.7.x, 3.8.x, and 2015.2.x does not set the secure flag for the JSESSIONID cookie in an HTTPS session, which makes it easier for remote attackers t
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8470. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. The console in Puppet Enterprise 3.7.x, 3.8.x, and 2015.2.x does not set the secure flag for the JSESSIONID cookie in an HTTPS session, which makes it easier for remote attackers to capture this cookie by intercepting its transmission within an HTTP session.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8224. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.700000047683716. Huawei P8 before GRA-CL00C92B210, before GRA-L09C432B200, before GRA-TL00C01B210, and before GRA-UL00C00B210 allows remote attackers to obtain user equipment (aka UE) measurements of signal strengths.
Query: alert when Detects a curl process start on linux, which indicates a file download from a remote location or a simple web request to
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a curl process start on linux, which indicates a file download from a remote location or a simple web request to. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Curl Usage on Linux id: ea34fb97-e2c4-4afb-810f-785e4459b194 status: test description: Detects a curl process start on linux, which indicates a file download from a remote location or a simple web request to a remote server references: - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/i/how-malicious-actors-abuse-native-linux-tools-in-their-attacks.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-15 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /curl condition: selection falsepositives: - Scripts created by developers and admins - Administrative activity level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Executes SCT script using scrobj.dll from a command in entered into a specially prepared INF file.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: InfDefaultInstall.exe .inf Execution id: ce7cf472-6fcc-490a-9481-3786840b5d9b status: test description: Executes SCT script using scrobj.dll from a command in entered into a specially prepared INF file. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1218/T1218.md#atomic-test-4---infdefaultinstallexe-inf-execution - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Infdefaultinstall/ author: frack113 date: 2021-07-13 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'InfDefaultInstall.exe ' - '.inf' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Sigma YAML for okta / okta
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an Policy Rule is Modified or Deleted.. Logsource: okta / okta. Rule: title: Okta Policy Rule Modified or Deleted id: 0c97c1d3-4057-45c9-b148-1de94b631931 status: test description: Detects when an Policy Rule is Modified or Deleted. references: - https://developer.okta.com/docs/reference/api/system-log/ - https://developer.okta.com/docs/reference/api/event-types/ author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-09-12 modified: 2026-04-27 tags: - attack.impact logsource: product: okta service: okta detection: selection: eventType: - policy.rule.update - policy.rule.delete condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "ShellDispatch.dll". Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential ShellDispatch.DLL Sideloading id: 844f8eb2-610b-42c8-89a4-47596e089663 status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "ShellDispatch.dll" references: - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2023/06/07/this-lolbin-doesnt-exist/ author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-20 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \ShellDispatch.dll filter_main_legit_path: - ImageLoaded|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - ImageLoaded|contains: :\Windows\Temp\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Some installers may trigger some false positives level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the execution of "Setup16.EXE" and old installation utility with a custom ".lst" file. These ".lst" file can con
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of "Setup16.EXE" and old installation utility with a custom ".lst" file. These ".lst" file can con. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Setup16.EXE Execution With Custom .Lst File id: 99c8be4f-3087-4f9f-9c24-8c7e257b442e status: test description: 'Detects the execution of "Setup16.EXE" and old installation utility with a custom ".lst" file. These ".lst" file can contain references to external program that "Setup16.EXE" will execute. Attackers and adversaries might leverage this as a living of the land utility. ' references: - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2024/10/12/the-sweet16-the-oldbin-lolbin-called-setup16-exe/ author: frack113 date: 2024-12-01 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage: C:\Windows\SysWOW64\setup16.exe ParentCommandLine|contains: ' -m ' filter_optional_valid_path: Image|startswith: C:\~MSSETUP.T\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - On modern Windows system, the "Setup16" utility is practically never used, hence false positive should be very rare. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects process creation events that use the Sysnative folder (common for CobaltStrike spawns). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Process Creation Using Sysnative Folder id: 3c1b5fb0-c72f-45ba-abd1-4d4c353144ab status: test description: Detects process creation events that use the Sysnative folder (common for CobaltStrike spawns) references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/29/cobalt-strike-a-defenders-guide/ author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-23 modified: 2025-10-08 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1055 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - CommandLine|contains: :\Windows\Sysnative\ - Image|contains: :\Windows\Sysnative\ filter_main_ngen: Image|contains: - C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v - C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v - C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm\v - C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm64\v Image|endswith: \ngen.exe CommandLine|contains: install filter_optional_xampp: CommandLine|contains|all: - '"C:\Windows\sysnative\cmd.exe"' - \xampp\ - \catalina_start.bat condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: exploit The Auditing service in SAP BusinessObjects Edge 4.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading an audit event, aka SAP Note 2011395.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2076. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Auditing service in SAP BusinessObjects Edge 4.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading an audit event, aka SAP Note 2011395.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0238. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. selinux-policy as packaged in Red Hat OpenShift 2 allows attackers to obtain process listing information via a privilege escalation attack.
Query: alert when Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed Gpg.EXE Execution id: ec0722a3-eb5c-4a56-8ab2-bf6f20708592 status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data. references: - https://securelist.com/locked-out/68960/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2023-08-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1486 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: gpg.exe filter_main_img: Image|endswith: - \gpg.exe - \gpg2.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of "IMEWDBLD.exe" to download arbitrary files. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Arbitrary File Download Via IMEWDBLD.EXE id: 863218bd-c7d0-4c52-80cd-0a96c09f54af related: - id: 8d7e392e-9b28-49e1-831d-5949c6281228 type: derived status: test description: Detects usage of "IMEWDBLD.exe" to download arbitrary files references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1105/T1105.md#atomic-test-10---windows---powershell-download - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/IMEWDBLD/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \IMEWDBLD.exe - OriginalFileName: imewdbld.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - http:// - https:// condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high