alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: execution using Unix Shell
Matching passage: T1059.004 Unix Shell. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution. Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux, macOS, and ESXi systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, ash, bash, zsh, etc.) depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell) Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges. Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads. Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence. Some systems, such as embedded devices, lightweight Linux distributions, and ESXi servers, may leverage stripped-down Unix shells via Busybox, a small executable that contains a variety of tools, including a simple shell.
Near-miss passage: T1059.005 Visual Basic. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution. VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API. Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation: VB .NET Mar 2020)(Citation: VB Microsoft) Derivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript. VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host. VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript) Adversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands. Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads (which may also involve [Mark-of-the-Web Bypass](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005) to enable execution).(Citation: Default VBS macros Blocking )
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6142
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6142. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Microsoft Browser Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6140, CVE-2015-6143, CVE-2015-6153, CVE-2015-6158, CVE-2015-6159, and CVE-2015-6160.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0826. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The nsTransformedTextRun::SetCapitalization function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read of heap memory) via a crafted Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequence that triggers a restyle or reflow operation.
Query: vulnerability: Infinite Automation Mango Automation 2.5.x and 2.6.x through 2.6.0 build 430 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary OS commands via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7901. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 6.5. Infinite Automation Mango Automation 2.5.x and 2.6.x through 2.6.0 build 430 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary OS commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5690. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 8.5. The management console on Symantec Web Gateway (SWG) appliances with software before 5.2.2 DB 5.0.0.1277 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and execute arbitrary commands by leveraging a "redirect."
Query: rule covering Detects potential installation or installation attempts of known malicious appx packages
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential installation or installation attempts of known malicious appx packages. Logsource: windows / appxdeployment-server. Rule: title: Potential Malicious AppX Package Installation Attempts id: 09d3b48b-be17-47f5-bf4e-94e7e75d09ce status: test description: Detects potential installation or installation attempts of known malicious appx packages references: - https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/inside-malicious-windows-apps-for-malware-deployment/ - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2021/11/11/bazarloader-call-me-back-attack-abuses-windows-10-apps-mechanism/ - https://forensicitguy.github.io/analyzing-magnitude-magniber-appx/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-11 modified: 2023-01-12 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows service: appxdeployment-server detection: selection: EventID: - 400 - 401 PackageFullName|contains: 3669e262-ec02-4e9d-bcb4-3d008b4afac9 condition: selection falsepositives: - Rare occasions where a malicious package uses the exact same name and version as a legitimate application. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of curl with NTLM authentication and empty credentials (-u :), which can be abused to leak the currently. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: NTLM Hash Leak Via Curl NTLM Authentication id: 916eb839-895e-47f8-99ee-3008bf377a3e status: test description: 'Detects the use of curl with NTLM authentication and empty credentials (-u :), which can be abused to leak the currently logged-in user''s NTLMv2 challenge-response to an attacker-controlled server, enabling offline cracking or relay attacks. When no credentials are provided, the Microsoft-shipped curl passes a NULL identity to Windows SSPI, which automatically falls back to the current user''s logon session credentials stored in LSASS — without requiring a plaintext password. This behavior is exclusive to the curl binary shipped by Microsoft (available since Windows 10 / Windows Server 2019), which is built with SSPI support. ' references: - https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/master/lib/vauth/ntlm_sspi.c#L128-L140 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/acquirecredentialshandle--ntlm - https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html#--ntlm author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2026-06-04 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1187 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \curl.exe - OriginalFileName: curl.exe selection_ntlm_flag: CommandLine|contains: --ntlm selection_empty_creds: CommandLine|re: '(?i)\s(-u|--user)\s*:' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Should be very rare as it's not widely known or used, but could occur in legitimate use cases where curl is used with NTLM authentication and empty credentials, such as in certain scripts or automation tasks. level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_curl_ntlm_hash_leak_attempt/info.yml
Query: risk of XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 5.1 and 5.2 and IBM Sterling File Gateway 2.1 and 2.2 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a c
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0194. CWE: CWE-611. CVSS: 6.5. XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 5.1 and 5.2 and IBM Sterling File Gateway 2.1 and 2.2 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted XML data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10082. CWE: CWE-611. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in UIKit0 libplist 1.12. This affects the function plist_from_xml of the file src/xplist.c of the component XML Handler. The manipulation leads to xml external entity reference. The patch is named c086cb139af7c82845f6d565e636073ff4b37440. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221499.
Query: vulnerability: The Content text slider on post WordPress plugin before 6.9 does not sanitise and escape the Title and Message/Content settings, which could lead to Cross-Site Scripting issues
Matching passage: CVE-2015-20019. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. The Content text slider on post WordPress plugin before 6.9 does not sanitise and escape the Title and Message/Content settings, which could lead to Cross-Site Scripting issues
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9260. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. An issue was discovered in BEdita before 3.7.0. A cross-site scripting (XSS) attack occurs via a crafted pages/showObjects URI, as demonstrated by appending a payload to a pages/showObjects/2/0/0/leafs URI.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Tadaa! module before 7.x-1.4 for Drupal allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3356. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Tadaa! module before 7.x-1.4 for Drupal allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that (1) enable or (2) disable modules or (3) change variables via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6660. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Form API in Drupal 6.x before 6.37 and 7.x before 7.39 does not properly validate the form token, which allows remote attackers to conduct CSRF attacks that upload files in a different user's account via vectors related to "file upload value callbacks."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3322
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3322. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.0. Lenovo ThinkServer RD350, RD450, RD550, RD650, and TD350 servers before 1.26.0 use weak encryption to store (1) user and (2) administrator BIOS passwords, which allows attackers to decrypt the passwords via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1010. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Rockwell Automation RSView32 7.60.00 (aka CPR9 SR4) and earlier does not properly encrypt credentials, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading a file and conducting a decryption attack.
Query: detect Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool. DISM is used to enumerate, install, uninstall, configure, and update fea in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool. DISM is used to enumerate, install, uninstall, configure, and update fea. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Dism Remove Online Package id: 43e32da2-fdd0-4156-90de-50dfd62636f9 status: test description: Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool. DISM is used to enumerate, install, uninstall, configure, and update features and packages in Windows images references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md#atomic-test-26---disable-windows-defender-with-dism - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/h/ransomware-actor-abuses-genshin-impact-anti-cheat-driver-to-kill-antivirus.html author: frack113 date: 2022-01-16 modified: 2022-08-26 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_dismhost: Image|endswith: \DismHost.exe ParentCommandLine|contains|all: - /Online - /Disable-Feature selection_dism: Image|endswith: \Dism.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - /Online - /Disable-Feature condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate script level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_dism_remove/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Disable Windows Defender with DISM technique: T1562.001 atomic_guid: 871438ac-7d6e-432a-b27d-3e7db69faf58
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious session with two users present. Logsource: linux / guacamole. Rule: title: Guacamole Two Users Sharing Session Anomaly id: 1edd77db-0669-4fef-9598-165bda82826d status: test description: Detects suspicious session with two users present references: - https://research.checkpoint.com/2020/apache-guacamole-rce/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-07-03 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1212 logsource: product: linux service: guacamole detection: selection: - (2 users now present) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: detect Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using NTFS reparse point and wusa.exe DLL hijacking (UACMe 36) in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using NTFS reparse point and wusa.exe DLL hijacking (UACMe 36). Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: UAC Bypass Using NTFS Reparse Point - File id: 7fff6773-2baa-46de-a24a-b6eec1aba2d1 status: test description: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using NTFS reparse point and wusa.exe DLL hijacking (UACMe 36) references: - https://github.com/hfiref0x/UACME author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-08-30 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548.002 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Users\ TargetFilename|endswith: \AppData\Local\Temp\api-ms-win-core-kernel32-legacy-l1.DLL condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects BitLocker Access Agent Update Utility (baaupdate.exe) loading DLLs from suspicious locations that are publicly w. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: BaaUpdate.exe Suspicious DLL Load id: 6e8fe0a8-ba0b-4a93-8f9e-82657e7a5984 related: - id: 9f38c1db-e2ae-40bf-81d0-5b68f73fb512 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects BitLocker Access Agent Update Utility (baaupdate.exe) loading DLLs from suspicious locations that are publicly writable which could indicate an attempt to lateral movement via BitLocker DCOM & COM Hijacking. This technique abuses COM Classes configured as INTERACTIVE USER to spawn processes in the context of the logged-on user''s session. Specifically, it targets the BDEUILauncher Class (CLSID ab93b6f1-be76-4185-a488-a9001b105b94) which can launch BaaUpdate.exe, which is vulnerable to COM Hijacking when started with input parameters. This allows attackers to execute code in the user''s context without needing to steal credentials or use additional techniques to compromise the account. ' references: - https://github.com/rtecCyberSec/BitlockMove author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-10-18 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.003 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \BaaUpdate.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: .dll ImageLoaded|contains: - :\Perflogs\ - :\Users\Default\ - :\Users\Public\ - :\Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \AppData\Roaming\ - \Contacts\ - \Favorites\ - \Favourites\ - \Links\ - \Music\ - \Pictures\ - \ProgramData\ - \Temporary Internet - \Videos\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: risk of Magento Community Edition (CE) 1.9.1.0 and Enterprise Edition (EE) 1.14.1.0 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via the forwarded parameter.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3457. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 5.0. Magento Community Edition (CE) 1.9.1.0 and Enterprise Edition (EE) 1.14.1.0 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via the forwarded parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7871. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Crypto-NAK packets in ntpd in NTP 4.2.x before 4.2.8p4, and 4.3.x before 4.3.77 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication.
Query: exploit GeSHi, as used in the SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi extension and MediaWiki before 1.23.10, 1.24.x before 1.24.3, and 1.25.x before 1.25.2, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of ser
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6733. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. GeSHi, as used in the SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi extension and MediaWiki before 1.23.10, 1.24.x before 1.24.3, and 1.25.x before 1.25.2, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3280. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. OpenStack Compute (nova) before 2014.2.4 (juno) and 2015.1.x before 2015.1.2 (kilo) does not properly delete instances from compute nodes, which allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (disk consumption) by deleting instances while in the resize state.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3628
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3628. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.0. The iControl API in F5 BIG-IP LTM, AFM, Analytics, APM, ASM, Link Controller, and PEM 11.3.0 before 11.5.3 HF2 and 11.6.0 before 11.6.0 HF6, BIG-IP AAM 11.4.0 before 11.5.3 HF2 and 11.6.0 before 11.6.0 HF6, BIG-IP Edge Gateway, WebAccelerator, and WOM 11.3.0, BIG-IP GTM 11.3.0 before 11.6.0 HF6, BIG-IP PSM 11.3.0 through 11.4.1, Enterprise Manager 3.1.0 through 3.1.1, BIG-IQ Cloud and Security 4.0.0 through 4.5.0, BIG-IQ Device 4.2.0 through 4.5.0, and BIG-IQ ADC 4.5.0 allows remote authenticated users with the "Resource Administrator" role to gain privileges via an iCall (1) script or (2) handler in a SOAP request to iControl/iControlPortal.cgi.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3283. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. OpenAFS before 1.6.13 allows remote attackers to spoof bos commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8614
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8614. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in the (1) conv_jistoeuc, (2) conv_euctojis, and (3) conv_sjistoeuc functions in codeconv.c in Claws Mail before 3.13.1 allow remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted email, involving Japanese character set conversion.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2448. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 and 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: detect Detects the execution of some potentially unwanted tools such as PsExec, Procdump, etc. (part of the Sysinternals suite) in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of some potentially unwanted tools such as PsExec, Procdump, etc. (part of the Sysinternals suite). Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: PUA - Sysinternals Tools Execution - Registry id: c7da8edc-49ae-45a2-9e61-9fd860e4e73d related: - id: 25ffa65d-76d8-4da5-a832-3f2b0136e133 type: derived - id: 9841b233-8df8-4ad7-9133-b0b4402a9014 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the execution of some potentially unwanted tools such as PsExec, Procdump, etc. (part of the Sysinternals suite) via the creation of the "accepteula" registry key. references: - https://twitter.com/Moti_B/status/1008587936735035392 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-24 modified: 2025-10-26 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1588.002 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \Active Directory Explorer - \Handle - \LiveKd - \Process Explorer - \ProcDump - \PsExec - \PsLoglist - \PsPasswd - \SDelete - \Sysinternals TargetObject|endswith: \EulaAccepted condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of SysInternals tools. Filter the legitimate paths used in your environment level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_pua_sysinternals_susp_execution_via_eula/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious Windows strings in URI which could indicate possible exfiltration or webshell communication. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Suspicious Windows Strings In URI id: 9f6a34b4-2688-4eb7-a7f5-e39fef573d0e status: test description: Detects suspicious Windows strings in URI which could indicate possible exfiltration or webshell communication references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/06/06/will-the-real-msiexec-please-stand-up-exploit-leads-to-data-exfiltration/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-06 modified: 2023-01-02 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1505.003 logsource: category: webserver detection: selection: cs-uri-query|contains: - =C:/Users - =C:/Program%20Files - =C:/Windows - =C%3A%5CUsers - =C%3A%5CProgram%20Files - =C%3A%5CWindows condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate application and websites that use windows paths in their URL level: high
Query: explain T1568 Dynamic Resolution
Matching passage: T1568 Dynamic Resolution. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)
Near-miss passage: T1568.001 Fast Flux DNS. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use Fast Flux DNS to hide a command and control channel behind an array of rapidly changing IP addresses linked to a single domain resolution. This technique uses a fully qualified domain name, with multiple IP addresses assigned to it which are swapped with high frequency, using a combination of round robin IP addressing and short Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS resource record.(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt1)(Citation: MehtaFastFluxPt2)(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) The simplest, "single-flux" method, involves registering and de-registering an addresses as part of the DNS A (address) record list for a single DNS name. These registrations have a five-minute average lifespan, resulting in a constant shuffle of IP address resolution.(Citation: Fast Flux - Welivesecurity) In contrast, the "double-flux" method registers and de-registers an address as part of the DNS Name Server record list for the DNS zone, providing additional resilience for the connection. With double-flux additional hosts can act as a proxy to the C2 host, further insulating the true source of the C2 channel.
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Novell Filr 1.2 before Hot Patch 4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5968. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Novell Filr 1.2 before Hot Patch 4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9377. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. iThemes Builder Theme Depot before 5.0.30 for WordPress has XSS via add_query_arg() and remove_query_arg().