alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: actor TTPs: Create Process with Token
Matching passage: T1134.002 Create Process with Token. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may create a new process with an existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. Processes can be created with the token and resulting security context of another user using features such as <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code> and <code>runas</code>.(Citation: Microsoft RunAs) Creating processes with a token not associated with the current user may require the credentials of the target user, specific privileges to impersonate that user, or access to the token to be used. For example, the token could be duplicated via [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) or created via [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) before being used to create a process. While this technique is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001), the techniques can be used in conjunction where a token is duplicated and then used to create a new process.
Near-miss passage: T1134.001 Token Impersonation/Theft. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may duplicate then impersonate another user's existing token to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. For example, an adversary can duplicate an existing token using `DuplicateToken` or `DuplicateTokenEx`.(Citation: DuplicateToken function) The token can then be used with `ImpersonateLoggedOnUser` to allow the calling thread to impersonate a logged on user's security context, or with `SetThreadToken` to assign the impersonated token to a thread. An adversary may perform [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) when they have a specific, existing process they want to assign the duplicated token to. For example, this may be useful for when the target user has a non-network logon session on the system. When an adversary would instead use a duplicated token to create a new process rather than attaching to an existing process, they can additionally [Create Process with Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/002) using `CreateProcessWithTokenW` or `CreateProcessAsUserW`. [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) is also distinct from [Make and Impersonate Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/003) in that it refers to duplicating an existing token, rather than creating a new one.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0207
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0207. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. The dtls1_listen function in d1_lib.c in OpenSSL 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a does not properly isolate the state information of independent data streams, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via crafted DTLS traffic, as demonstrated by DTLS 1.0 traffic to a DTLS 1.2 server.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8050. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the MovieClip object implementation in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted beginGradientFill call, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / file_event
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects file creation events with filename patterns used by CrackMapExec.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: HackTool - CrackMapExec File Indicators id: 736ffa74-5f6f-44ca-94ef-1c0df4f51d2a related: - id: 9433ff9c-5d3f-4269-99f8-95fc826ea489 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects file creation events with filename patterns used by CrackMapExec. references: - https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/CrackMapExec/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2024-03-11 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection_path: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Windows\Temp\ selection_names_str: TargetFilename|endswith: - \temp.ps1 - \msol.ps1 selection_names_re: - TargetFilename|re: \\[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}\.txt$ - TargetFilename|re: \\[a-zA-Z]{8}\.tmp$ condition: selection_path and 1 of selection_names_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects command line parameter very often used with coin miners. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Possible Coin Miner CPU Priority Param id: 071d5e5a-9cef-47ec-bc4e-a42e34d8d0ed status: test description: Detects command line parameter very often used with coin miners references: - https://xmrig.com/docs/miner/command-line-options author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-10-09 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1068 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: cmd1: a1|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd2: a2|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd3: a3|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd4: a4|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd5: a5|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd6: a6|startswith: --cpu-priority cmd7: a7|startswith: --cpu-priority condition: 1 of cmd* falsepositives: - Other tools that use a --cpu-priority flag level: critical
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1341
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1341. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Any Python module in sys.path can be imported if the command line of the process triggering the coredump is Python and the first argument is -m in Apport before 2.19.2 function _python_module_path.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1591. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The kamailio build in kamailio before 4.2.0-2 process allows local users to gain privileges.
Query: detection rule: Detects calls to cmdlets that are used to export certificates from the local certificate store. Threat actors were seen
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects calls to cmdlets that are used to export certificates from the local certificate store. Threat actors were seen. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Certificate Exported Via PowerShell id: 9e716b33-63b2-46da-86a4-bd3c3b9b5dfb related: - id: aa7a3fce-bef5-4311-9cc1-5f04bb8c308c type: similar status: test description: Detects calls to cmdlets that are used to export certificates from the local certificate store. Threat actors were seen abusing this to steal private keys from compromised machines. references: - https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar21-112a - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/pki/export-pfxcertificate?view=windowsserver2022-ps - https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/breaking-the-chain-defending-against-certificate-services-abuse.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-18 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.execution - attack.t1552.004 - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - 'Export-PfxCertificate ' - 'Export-Certificate ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate certificate exports by administrators. Additional filters might be required. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious child process creations of VMware Tools process which may indicate persistence setup. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: VMToolsd Suspicious Child Process id: 5687f942-867b-4578-ade7-1e341c46e99a status: test description: Detects suspicious child process creations of VMware Tools process which may indicate persistence setup references: - https://bohops.com/2021/10/08/analyzing-and-detecting-a-vmtools-persistence-technique/ - https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/61026070/136518004-b68cce7d-f9b8-4e9a-9b7b-53b1568a9a94.png - https://github.com/vmware/open-vm-tools/blob/master/open-vm-tools/tools.conf author: bohops, Bhabesh Raj date: 2021-10-08 modified: 2023-07-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: \vmtoolsd.exe selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - OriginalFileName: - Cmd.Exe - cscript.exe - MSHTA.EXE - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll - REGSVR32.EXE - RUNDLL32.EXE - wscript.exe filter_main_vmwaretools_script: Image|endswith: \cmd.exe CommandLine|contains: - \VMware\VMware Tools\poweron-vm-default.bat - \VMware\VMware Tools\poweroff-vm-default.bat - \VMware\VMware Tools\resume-vm-default.bat - \VMware\VMware Tools\suspend-vm-default.bat filter_main_empty: Image|endswith: \cmd.exe CommandLine: '' filter_main_null: Image|endswith: \cmd.exe CommandLine: null condition: all of selection* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use by VM administrator level: high
Query: threat report mentioning Launchctl
Matching passage: T1569.001 Launchctl. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs. Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS. Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man) Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s. Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>. Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w "%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)
Near-miss passage: T1569.002 Service Execution. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects external disk drives or plugged-in USB devices.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects external disk drives or plugged-in USB devices.. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: External Disk Drive Or USB Storage Device Was Recognized By The System id: f69a87ea-955e-4fb4-adb2-bb9fd6685632 status: test description: Detects external disk drives or plugged-in USB devices. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-6416 author: Keith Wright date: 2019-11-20 modified: 2024-02-09 tags: - attack.t1091 - attack.t1200 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.initial-access logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection_eid: EventID: 6416 selection_field: - ClassName: DiskDrive - DeviceDescription: USB Mass Storage Device condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Likely level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of python with calls to the socket and pty module in order to connect and spawn a potential revers. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Python Reverse Shell Execution Via PTY And Socket Modules id: 32e62bc7-3de0-4bb1-90af-532978fe42c0 related: - id: c4042d54-110d-45dd-a0e1-05c47822c937 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects the execution of python with calls to the socket and pty module in order to connect and spawn a potential reverse shell. ' references: - https://www.revshells.com/ author: '@d4ns4n_, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)' date: 2023-04-24 modified: 2024-11-04 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|contains: python CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -c ' - import - pty - socket - spawn - .connect condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-10058
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10058. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Wikisource Category Browser. This affects an unknown part of the file index.php. The manipulation of the argument lang leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The patch is named 764f4e8ce3f9242637df77530c70ae8a2ec4b6a1. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218415.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1056. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Brother MFC-J4410DW printer with firmware before L allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the url parameter to general/status.html and possibly other pages.
Query: vulnerability: Double free vulnerability in the j2k_read_ppm_v3 function in OpenJPEG before r2997, as used in PDFium in Google Chrome, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (proces
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1239. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 6.5. Double free vulnerability in the j2k_read_ppm_v3 function in OpenJPEG before r2997, as used in PDFium in Google Chrome, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via a crafted PDF.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5177. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 7.5. Double free vulnerability in the SLPDKnownDAAdd function in slpd/slpd_knownda.c in OpenSLP 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted package.
Query: alert when Detects suspicious msiexec process starts with web addresses as parameter
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious msiexec process starts with web addresses as parameter. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: MsiExec Web Install id: f7b5f842-a6af-4da5-9e95-e32478f3cd2f related: - id: 8150732a-0c9d-4a99-82b9-9efb9b90c40c type: similar status: test description: Detects suspicious msiexec process starts with web addresses as parameter references: - https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/attack-using-windows-installer-msiexec-exe-leads-lokibot/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-02-09 modified: 2022-01-07 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.007 - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' msiexec' - :// condition: selection falsepositives: - False positives depend on scripts and administrative tools used in the monitored environment level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect possible persistence using Fax DLL load when service restart. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Change the Fax Dll id: 9e3357ba-09d4-4fbd-a7c5-ad6386314513 status: test description: Detect possible persistence using Fax DLL load when service restart references: - https://twitter.com/dottor_morte/status/1544652325570191361 - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RiccardoAncarani/talks/master/F-Secure/unorthodox-lateral-movement.pdf author: frack113 date: 2022-07-17 modified: 2022-12-30 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \Software\Microsoft\Fax\Device Providers\ - \ImageName filter: Details: '%systemroot%\system32\fxst30.dll' condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Safe Mode Boot
Matching passage: T1688 Safe Mode Boot. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may abuse Windows safe mode to disable endpoint defenses. Safe mode starts up the Windows operating system with a limited set of drivers and services. Third-party security software such as endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools may not start after booting Windows in safe mode. There are two versions of safe mode: Safe Mode and Safe Mode with Networking. It is possible to start additional services after a safe mode boot.(Citation: Microsoft Windows Startup Settings)(Citation: Sophos Safe Mode Boot) Adversaries may abuse safe mode to disable endpoint defenses that may not start with a limited boot. Hosts can be forced into safe mode after the next reboot via modifications to Boot Configuration Data (BCD) stores, which are files that manage boot application settings.(Citation: Microsoft bcdedit) Adversaries may also add their malicious applications to the list of minimal services that start in safe mode by modifying relevant Registry values (i.e. [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112)). Malicious [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) objects may also be registered and loaded in safe mode.(Citation: CyberArk Labs Safe Mode 2016)(Citation: Cybereason safe mode boot)(Citation: BleepingComputer REvil 2021)
Near-miss passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Query: describe CVE-2015-4221
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4221. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM and Presence Service 9.1(1) does not properly restrict access to encrypted passwords, which allows remote attackers to determine cleartext passwords, and consequently execute arbitrary commands, by visiting an unspecified web page and then conducting a decryption attack, aka Bug ID CSCuq46194.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1810. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. The HudsonPrivateSecurityRealm class in Jenkins before 1.600 and LTS before 1.596.1 does not restrict access to reserved names when using the "Jenkins' own user database" setting, which allows remote attackers to gain privileges by creating a reserved name.
Query: EDR alert: possible Search Engines (T1593.002)
Matching passage: T1593.002 Search Engines. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking) Adversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).
Near-miss passage: T1593.003 Code Repositories. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim. Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees. Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). **Note:** This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories.