alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detection engineering for Graphical User Interface
Matching passage: T1061 Graphical User Interface. Tactics: execution. Description: **This technique has been deprecated. Please use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) where appropriate.** The Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is a common way to interact with an operating system. Adversaries may use a system's GUI during an operation, commonly through a remote interactive session such as [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076), instead of through a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), to search for information and execute files via mouse double-click events, the Windows Run command (Citation: Wikipedia Run Command), or other potentially difficult to monitor interactions.
Near-miss passage: T1574.004 Dylib Hijacking. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime. The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths. Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with <code>@rpath</code>, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable. Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the <code>LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB</code> function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present. Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added. Adversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation: Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation: Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources. Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access. This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO)
Query: detection rule: Detects REGSVR32.exe to execute DLL hosted on remote shares
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects REGSVR32.exe to execute DLL hosted on remote shares. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Regsvr32 Execution From Remote Share id: 88a87a10-384b-4ad7-8871-2f9bf9259ce5 status: test description: Detects REGSVR32.exe to execute DLL hosted on remote shares references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/10/31/follina-exploit-leads-to-domain-compromise/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-31 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.010 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \regsvr32.exe - OriginalFileName: \REGSVR32.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: ' \\\\' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects denied requests by Active Directory Certificate Services. Example of these requests denial include issues with p. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Active Directory Certificate Services Denied Certificate Enrollment Request id: 994bfd6d-0a2e-481e-a861-934069fcf5f5 status: test description: 'Detects denied requests by Active Directory Certificate Services. Example of these requests denial include issues with permissions on the certificate template or invalid signatures. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2008-R2-and-2008/dd299871(v=ws.10) - https://www.gradenegger.eu/en/details-of-the-event-with-id-53-of-the-source-microsoft-windows-certificationauthority/ author: '@SerkinValery' date: 2024-03-07 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1553.004 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-CertificationAuthority EventID: 53 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: explain T1219.003 Remote Access Hardware
Matching passage: T1219.003 Remote Access Hardware. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate remote access hardware to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. These services, including IP-based keyboard, video, or mouse (KVM) devices such as TinyPilot and PiKVM, are commonly used as legitimate tools and may be allowed by peripheral device policies within a target environment. Remote access hardware may be physically installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or as a way to establish an interactive remote session with the target system. Using hardware-based remote access tools may allow threat actors to bypass software security solutions and gain more control over the compromised device(s).(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 North Korean IT Workers 2024)(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence DPRK IT Workers 2024)
Near-miss passage: T1219.002 Remote Desktop Software. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate desktop support software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. Desktop support software provides a graphical interface for remotely controlling another computer, transmitting the display output, keyboard input, and mouse control between devices using various protocols. Desktop support software, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software such as Zoom or Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop.(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7827
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7827. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Botan before 1.10.13 and 1.11.x before 1.11.22 make it easier for remote attackers to conduct million-message attacks by measuring time differences, related to decoding of PKCS#1 padding.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7935. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Motorola Solutions MOSCAD IP Gateway allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of The inet module in FreeBSD 10.2x before 10.2-PRERELEASE, 10.2-BETA2-p2, 10.2-RC1-p1, 10.1x before 10.1-RELEASE-p16, 9.x before 9.3-STABLE, 9.3-RELEASE-p21, and 8.x before 8.4-STABL
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1417. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 7.5. The inet module in FreeBSD 10.2x before 10.2-PRERELEASE, 10.2-BETA2-p2, 10.2-RC1-p1, 10.1x before 10.1-RELEASE-p16, 9.x before 9.3-STABLE, 9.3-RELEASE-p21, and 8.x before 8.4-STABLE, 8.4-RELEASE-p35 on systems with VNET enabled and at least 16 VNET instances allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (mbuf consumption) via multiple concurrent TCP connections.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9241. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 7.5. Certain input passed into the If-Modified-Since or Last-Modified headers will cause an 'illegal access' exception to be raised. Instead of sending a HTTP 500 error back to the sender, hapi node module before 11.1.3 will continue to hold the socket open until timed out (default node timeout is 2 minutes).
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability in counter-options.php in the Count Per Day plugin before 3.4.1 for WordPress allows remote authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary SQL comman
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5533. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. SQL injection vulnerability in counter-options.php in the Count Per Day plugin before 3.4.1 for WordPress allows remote authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cpd_keep_month parameter to wp-admin/options-general.php. NOTE: this can be leveraged using CSRF to allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10077. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in webbuilders-group silverstripe-kapost-bridge 0.3.3. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function index/getPreview of the file code/control/KapostService.php. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 0.4.0 is able to address this issue. The patch is named 2e14b0fd0ea35034f90890f364b130fb4645ff35. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-220471.
Query: adversary uses Rename Legitimate Utilities
Matching passage: T1036.003 Rename Legitimate Utilities. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may rename legitimate / system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for legitimate utilities adversaries are capable of abusing, including both built-in binaries and tools such as PSExec, AutoHotKey, and IronPython.(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)(Citation: Huntress Python Malware 2025)(Citation: The DFIR Report AutoHotKey 2023)(Citation: Splunk Detect Renamed PSExec) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>).(Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on these utilities executing from non-standard paths.(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)
Near-miss passage: T1036.011 Overwrite Process Arguments. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may modify a process's in-memory arguments to change its name in order to appear as a legitimate or benign process. On Linux, the operating system stores command-line arguments in the process’s stack and passes them to the `main()` function as the `argv` array. The first element, `argv[0]`, typically contains the process name or path - by default, the command used to actually start the process (e.g., `cat /etc/passwd`). By default, the Linux `/proc` filesystem uses this value to represent the process name. The `/proc/<PID>/cmdline` file reflects the contents of this memory, and tools like `ps` use it to display process information. Since arguments are stored in user-space memory at launch, this modification can be performed without elevated privileges. During runtime, adversaries can erase the memory used by all command-line arguments for a process, overwriting each argument string with null bytes. This removes evidence of how the process was originally launched. They can then write a spoofed string into the memory region previously occupied by `argv[0]` to mimic a benign command, such as `cat resolv.conf`. The new command-line string is reflected in `/proc/<PID>/cmdline` and displayed by tools like `ps`.(Citation: Sandfly BPFDoor 2022)(Citation: Microsoft XorDdos Linux Stealth 2022)
Query: write Sigma for Detects a Mesh Agent service installation. Mesh Agent is used to remotely manage computers
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a Mesh Agent service installation. Mesh Agent is used to remotely manage computers. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Mesh Agent Service Installation id: e0d1ad53-c7eb-48ec-a87a-72393cc6cedc status: test description: Detects a Mesh Agent service installation. Mesh Agent is used to remotely manage computers references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/11/28/emotet-strikes-again-lnk-file-leads-to-domain-wide-ransomware/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-11-28 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_root: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 selection_service: - ImagePath|contains: MeshAgent.exe - ServiceName|contains: Mesh Agent condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the tool level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects "svchost.exe" spawning "rundll32.exe" with command arguments like "C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie". Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: WebDav Client Execution Via Rundll32.EXE id: 2dbd9d3d-9e27-42a8-b8df-f13825c6c3d5 status: test description: 'Detects "svchost.exe" spawning "rundll32.exe" with command arguments like "C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie". This could be an indicator of exfiltration or use of WebDav to launch code (hosted on a WebDav server). ' references: - https://github.com/OTRF/detection-hackathon-apt29/issues/17 - https://github.com/OTRF/ThreatHunter-Playbook/blob/2d4257f630f4c9770f78d0c1df059f891ffc3fec/docs/evals/apt29/detections/7.B.4_C10730EA-6345-4934-AA0F-B0EFCA0C4BA6.md author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2020-05-02 modified: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: \svchost.exe selection_img: - Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe - OriginalFileName: RUNDLL32.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: C:\windows\system32\davclnt.dll,DavSetCookie condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: detect Detects suspicious child processes of electron apps (teams, discord, slack, etc.). This could be a potential sign of ".a in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious child processes of electron apps (teams, discord, slack, etc.). This could be a potential sign of ".a. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Electron Application Child Processes id: f26eb764-fd89-464b-85e2-dc4a8e6e77b8 related: - id: 378a05d8-963c-46c9-bcce-13c7657eac99 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects suspicious child processes of electron apps (teams, discord, slack, etc.). This could be a potential sign of ".asar" file tampering (See reference section for more information) or binary execution proxy through specific CLI arguments (see related rule) ' references: - https://taggart-tech.com/quasar-electron/ - https://github.com/mttaggart/quasar - https://positive.security/blog/ms-officecmd-rce - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Msedge/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Teams/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/msedgewebview2/ - https://medium.com/@MalFuzzer/one-electron-to-rule-them-all-dc2e9b263daf author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-21 modified: 2024-07-12 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: - \chrome.exe - \discord.exe - \GitHubDesktop.exe - \keybase.exe - \msedge.exe - \msedgewebview2.exe - \msteams.exe - \slack.exe - \teams.exe selection_child_image: Image|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \whoami.exe - \wscript.exe selection_child_paths: Image|contains: - :\ProgramData\ - :\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ filter_optional_discord: ParentImage|endswith: \Discord.exe Image|endswith: \cmd.exe CommandLine|contains: \NVSMI\nvidia-smi.exe condition: selection_parent and 1 of selection_child_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of Time Travel Debugging Utility. Adversaries can execute malicious processes and dump processes, such as. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Time Travel Debugging Utility Usage - Image id: e76c8240-d68f-4773-8880-5c6f63595aaf status: test description: Detects usage of Time Travel Debugging Utility. Adversaries can execute malicious processes and dump processes, such as lsass.exe, via tttracer.exe. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Tttracer/ - https://twitter.com/mattifestation/status/1196390321783025666 - https://twitter.com/oulusoyum/status/1191329746069655553 author: Ensar Şamil, @sblmsrsn, @oscd_initiative date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2022-12-02 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: image_load detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: - \ttdrecord.dll - \ttdwriter.dll - \ttdloader.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage by software developers/testers level: high
Query: exploit Use-after-free vulnerability in CoreAnimation in Apple OS X before 10.10.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging improper use of a mutex.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1136. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in CoreAnimation in Apple OS X before 10.10.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging improper use of a mutex.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9217. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 427, SD 430, SD 435, SD 450, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 835, SD 845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, and Snapdragon_High_Med_2016, certain malformed HVEC clips could cause an assertion to fail.
Query: vulnerability: The Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended RBAC restrictions, and create a dashboard or portlet,
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6347. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. The Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended RBAC restrictions, and create a dashboard or portlet, by visiting an unspecified web page.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1499. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.5. The ActiveMQ Broker in Samsung Security Manager (SSM) before 1.31 allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files, and consequently cause a denial of service, via a DELETE request.
Query: risk of Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8652. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and memory corruption) via crafted MPEG-4 data, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8045, CVE-2015-8047, CVE-2015-8060, CVE-2015-8408, CVE-2015-8416, CVE-2015-8417, CVE-2015-8418, CVE-2015-8419, CVE-2015-8443, CVE-2015-8444, CVE-2015-8451, CVE-2015-8455, CVE-2015-8654, CVE-2015-8656, CVE-2015-8657, CVE-2015-8658, and CVE-2015-8820.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8656. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and memory corruption) via crafted MPEG-4 data, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8045, CVE-2015-8047, CVE-2015-8060, CVE-2015-8408, CVE-2015-8416, CVE-2015-8417, CVE-2015-8418, CVE-2015-8419, CVE-2015-8443, CVE-2015-8444, CVE-2015-8451, CVE-2015-8455, CVE-2015-8652, CVE-2015-8654, CVE-2015-8657, CVE-2015-8658, and CVE-2015-8820.
Query: EDR alert: possible Search Open Websites/Domains (T1593)
Matching passage: T1593 Search Open Websites/Domains. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking) Adversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).
Near-miss passage: T1593.003 Code Repositories. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public code repositories for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Victims may store code in repositories on various third-party websites such as GitHub, GitLab, SourceForge, and BitBucket. Users typically interact with code repositories through a web application or command-line utilities such as git. Adversaries may search various public code repositories for various information about a victim. Public code repositories can often be a source of various general information about victims, such as commonly used programming languages and libraries as well as the names of employees. Adversaries may also identify more sensitive data, including accidentally leaked credentials or API keys.(Citation: GitHub Cloud Service Credentials) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)). **Note:** This is distinct from [Code Repositories](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/003), which focuses on [Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0009) from private and internally hosted code repositories.