alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects suspicious DNS error messages that indicate a fatal or suspicious error that could be caused by exploiting attem
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious DNS error messages that indicate a fatal or suspicious error that could be caused by exploiting attem. Logsource: linux / syslog. Rule: title: Suspicious Named Error id: c8e35e96-19ce-4f16-aeb6-fd5588dc5365 status: test description: Detects suspicious DNS error messages that indicate a fatal or suspicious error that could be caused by exploiting attempts references: - https://github.com/ossec/ossec-hids/blob/1ecffb1b884607cb12e619f9ab3c04f530801083/etc/rules/named_rules.xml author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-02-20 modified: 2022-10-05 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: product: linux service: syslog detection: keywords: - ' dropping source port zero packet from ' - ' denied AXFR from ' - ' exiting (due to fatal error)' condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: All TCP traffic on particular port from attacker is routed to different port. ex. '/sbin/iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Bpfdoor TCP Ports Redirect id: 70b4156e-50fc-4523-aa50-c9dddf1993fc status: test description: 'All TCP traffic on particular port from attacker is routed to different port. ex. ''/sbin/iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -p tcp -s 192.168.1.1 --dport 22 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 42392'' The traffic looks like encrypted SSH communications going to TCP port 22, but in reality is being directed to the shell port once it hits the iptables rule for the attacker host only. ' references: - https://www.sandflysecurity.com/blog/bpfdoor-an-evasive-linux-backdoor-technical-analysis/ - https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/a-peek-behind-the-bpfdoor author: Rafal Piasecki date: 2022-08-10 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: cmd: type: EXECVE a0|endswith: iptables a1: -t a2: nat keywords: - --to-ports 42 - --to-ports 43 condition: cmd and keywords falsepositives: - Legitimate ports redirect level: medium
Query: intelligence brief on T1491.002
Matching passage: T1491.002 External Defacement. Tactics: impact. Description: An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or users. [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may ultimately cause users to distrust the systems and to question/discredit the system’s integrity. Externally-facing websites are a common victim of defacement; often targeted by adversary and hacktivist groups in order to push a political message or spread propaganda.(Citation: FireEye Cyber Threats to Media Industries)(Citation: Kevin Mandia Statement to US Senate Committee on Intelligence)(Citation: Anonymous Hackers Deface Russian Govt Site) [External Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002) may be used as a catalyst to trigger events, or as a response to actions taken by an organization or government. Similarly, website defacement may also be used as setup, or a precursor, for future attacks such as [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).(Citation: Trend Micro Deep Dive Into Defacement)
Near-miss passage: T1491.001 Internal Defacement. Tactics: impact. Description: An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems. This may take the form of modifications to internal websites or server login messages, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Varonis) Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)
Query: rule covering Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: New Custom Shim Database Created id: ee63c85c-6d51-4d12-ad09-04e25877a947 status: test description: 'Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1546.011/T1546.011.md#atomic-test-2---new-shim-database-files-created-in-the-default-shim-database-directory - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/fin7-shim-databases-persistence - https://liberty-shell.com/sec/2020/02/25/shim-persistence/ - https://andreafortuna.org/2018/11/12/process-injection-and-persistence-using-application-shimming/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-29 modified: 2023-12-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.009 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: - :\Windows\apppatch\Custom\ - :\Windows\apppatch\CustomSDB\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate custom SHIM installations will also trigger this rule level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_creation_new_shim_database/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of REGSVR32.exe with DLL files masquerading as other files. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Regsvr32 DLL Execution With Suspicious File Extension id: 089fc3d2-71e8-4763-a8a5-c97fbb0a403e related: - id: 8e2b24c9-4add-46a0-b4bb-0057b4e6187d type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the execution of REGSVR32.exe with DLL files masquerading as other files references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/11/29/continuing-the-bazar-ransomware-story/ - https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2021/10/threat-hunting-in-large-datasets-by.html - https://guides.lib.umich.edu/c.php?g=282942&p=1885348 - https://harfanglab.io/insidethelab/uac-0057-pressure-ukraine-poland/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2021-11-29 modified: 2025-08-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.010 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \regsvr32.exe - OriginalFileName: REGSVR32.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|endswith: - .bin - .bmp - .cr2 - .dat - .eps - .gif - .ico - .jpeg - .jpg - .log - .nef - .orf - .png - .raw - .rtf - .sr2 - .temp - .tif - .tiff - .tmp - .txt condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3409
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3409. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Untrusted search path vulnerability in Module::Signature before 0.75 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse module under the current working directory, as demonstrated by a Trojan horse Text::Diff module.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3159. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The abrt-action-install-debuginfo-to-abrt-cache help program in Automatic Bug Reporting Tool (ABRT) does not properly handle the process environment before invoking abrt-action-install-debuginfo, which allows local users to gain privileges.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2167
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2167. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the 3PI Manager in Ericsson Drutt Mobile Service Delivery Platform (MSDP) 4, 5, and 6 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the url parameter to jsp/start-3pi-manager.jsp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8320. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Apache Cordova-Android before 3.7.0 improperly generates random values for BridgeSecret data, which makes it easier for attackers to conduct bridge hijacking attacks by predicting a value.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8298
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8298. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the login page in RXTEC RXAdmin UPDATE 06 / 2012 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) loginpassword, (2) loginusername, (3) zusatzlicher, or (4) groupid parameter to index.htm, or the (5) rxtec cookie to index.htm.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2292. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in admin/class-bulk-editor-list-table.php in the WordPress SEO by Yoast plugin before 1.5.7, 1.6.x before 1.6.4, and 1.7.x before 1.7.4 for WordPress allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) order_by or (2) order parameter in the wpseo_bulk-editor page to wp-admin/admin.php. NOTE: this can be leveraged using CSRF to allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0407
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0407. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u75, 6u85, 7u72, and 8u25 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Swing.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4938. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. IBM WebSphere Application Server 7.x before 7.0.0.39, 8.0.x before 8.0.0.11, and 8.5.x before 8.5.5.7 allows remote attackers to spoof servlets and obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5930
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5930. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9.1, Safari before 9.0.1, and iTunes before 12.3.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-1, APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-3, and APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-5.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7221. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Buffer overflow in the nsDeque::GrowCapacity function in xpcom/glue/nsDeque.cpp in Mozilla Firefox before 43.0 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering a deque size change.
Query: detect Detects buffer overflow attempts in Unix system log files in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects buffer overflow attempts in Unix system log files. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Buffer Overflow Attempts id: 18b042f0-2ecd-4b6e-9f8d-aa7a7e7de781 status: test description: Detects buffer overflow attempts in Unix system log files references: - https://github.com/ossec/ossec-hids/blob/1ecffb1b884607cb12e619f9ab3c04f530801083/etc/rules/attack_rules.xml - https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/816-4883/6mb2joatd/index.html - https://www.giac.org/paper/gcih/266/review-ftp-protocol-cyber-defense-initiative/102802 - https://blu.org/mhonarc/discuss/2001/04/msg00285.php - https://rapid7.com/blog/post/2019/02/19/stack-based-buffer-overflow-attacks-what-you-need-to-know/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-01 modified: 2025-03-17 tags: - attack.t1068 - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: - attempt to execute code on stack by - 0bin0sh1 - AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA - stack smashing detected condition: keywords falsepositives: - Base64 encoded data in log entries level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via COMPRESS OBFUSCATION. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation COMPRESS OBFUSCATION - PowerShell id: 20e5497e-331c-4cd5-8d36-935f6e2a9a07 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via COMPRESS OBFUSCATION references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2020-10-18 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_4104: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - new-object - text.encoding]::ascii ScriptBlockText|contains: - system.io.compression.deflatestream - system.io.streamreader ScriptBlockText|endswith: readtoend condition: selection_4104 falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5790
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5790. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2493. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The (1) VBScript and (2) JScript engines in Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: risk of The Concurrent Data Management Replication process in Cisco IOS XR 5.3.0 on ASR 9000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (BGP process reload) via malformed
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4284. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The Concurrent Data Management Replication process in Cisco IOS XR 5.3.0 on ASR 9000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (BGP process reload) via malformed BGPv4 packets, aka Bug ID CSCur70670.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9039. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a vulnerability exists in eMBMS where an assertion can be reached by a sequence of downlink messages.
Query: vulnerability: The ION driver in Huawei P8 smartphones with software GRA-TL00 before GRA-TL00C01B230, GRA-CL00 before GRA-CL00C92B230, GRA-CL10 before GRA-CL10C92B230, GRA-UL00 before GRA-UL00C00
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8678. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. The ION driver in Huawei P8 smartphones with software GRA-TL00 before GRA-TL00C01B230, GRA-CL00 before GRA-CL00C92B230, GRA-CL10 before GRA-CL10C92B230, GRA-UL00 before GRA-UL00C00B230, and GRA-UL10 before GRA-UL10C00B230 and Mate S smartphones with software CRR-TL00 before CRR-TL00C01B160SP01, CRR-UL00 before CRR-UL00C00B160, and CRR-CL00 before CRR-CL00C92B161 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted application.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8946. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. ecryptfs-setup-swap in eCryptfs before 111 does not prevent the unencrypted swap partition from activating during boot when using GPT partitioning and certain versions of systemd, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1488
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1488. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. An unspecified action handler in the management console in Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager (SEPM) 12.1 before 12.1-RU6-MP1 allows remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0170. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. IBM Security SiteProtector System 3.0 before 3.0.0.7, 3.1 before 3.1.0.4, and 3.1.1 before 3.1.1.2 allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading cached data.
Query: secure coding against Improper Neutralization of Line Delimiters
Matching passage: CWE-144 Improper Neutralization of Line Delimiters. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as line delimiters when they are sent to a downstream component.
Near-miss passage: CWE-526 Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in an Environment Variable. The product uses an environment variable to store unencrypted sensitive information.
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Digital Certificates
Matching passage: T1596.003 Digital Certificates. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content. These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location. Adversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup) Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation: Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Near-miss passage: T1596.002 WHOIS. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS) Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: risk of CSPOC in IBM PowerHA SystemMirror on AIX 6.1 and 7.1 allows remote authenticated users to perform an "su root" action by leveraging presence on the cluster-wide password-change lis
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5005. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.5. CSPOC in IBM PowerHA SystemMirror on AIX 6.1 and 7.1 allows remote authenticated users to perform an "su root" action by leveraging presence on the cluster-wide password-change list.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2550. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: risk of The IOHIDFamily API in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or caus
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7112. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The IOHIDFamily API in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7111.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4588. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in the DecodeImage function in libwmf 0.2.8.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted "run-length count" in an image in a WMF file.
Query: exploit Kibana versions prior to 4.1.3 and 4.2.1 are vulnerable to a XSS attack.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9056. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Kibana versions prior to 4.1.3 and 4.2.1 are vulnerable to a XSS attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7242. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Push-Service-Mails feature in AVM FRITZ!OS before 6.30 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the display name in the FROM field of an SIP INVITE message.
Query: detection rule: Detects the creation of a ISO file in the Outlook temp folder or in the Appdata temp folder. Typical of Qakbot TTP from
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a ISO file in the Outlook temp folder or in the Appdata temp folder. Typical of Qakbot TTP from. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: ISO File Created Within Temp Folders id: 2f9356ae-bf43-41b8-b858-4496d83b2acb status: test description: Detects the creation of a ISO file in the Outlook temp folder or in the Appdata temp folder. Typical of Qakbot TTP from end-July 2022. references: - https://twitter.com/Sam0x90/status/1552011547974696960 - https://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/133680/malware/dll-sideloading-spread-qakbot.html - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/0f229c0e42bfe7ca736a14023836d65baa941ed2/atomics/T1553.005/T1553.005.md#atomic-test-1---mount-iso-image author: '@sam0x90' date: 2022-07-30 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection_1: TargetFilename|contains|all: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - .zip\ TargetFilename|endswith: .iso selection_2: TargetFilename|contains: \AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache\Content.Outlook\ TargetFilename|endswith: .iso condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Potential FP by sysadmin opening a zip file containing a legitimate ISO file level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects enumeration of local network configuration. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: System Network Discovery - macOS id: 58800443-f9fc-4d55-ae0c-98a3966dfb97 status: test description: Detects enumeration of local network configuration references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1016/T1016.md author: remotephone, oscd.community date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2024-08-29 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1016 logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection_1: Image|endswith: - /arp - /ifconfig - /netstat - /networksetup - /socketfilterfw selection_2: Image: /usr/bin/defaults CommandLine|contains|all: - /Library/Preferences/com.apple.alf - read filter_main_wifivelocityd: ParentImage|endswith: /wifivelocityd condition: 1 of selection_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: informational