alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit IBM WebSphere eXtreme Scale 7.1.0 before 7.1.0.3 and 7.1.1 before 7.1.1.1 has an improper account-lockout setting, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2030. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. IBM WebSphere eXtreme Scale 7.1.0 before 7.1.0.3 and 7.1.1 before 7.1.1.1 has an improper account-lockout setting, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via a brute-force attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8058. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: explain CWE-552
Matching passage: CWE-552 Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties. The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.
Near-miss passage: CWE-643 Improper Neutralization of Data within XPath Expressions ('XPath Injection'). The product uses external input to dynamically construct an XPath expression used to retrieve data from an XML database, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes that input. This allows an attacker to control the structure of the query.
Query: detect Detects when adversaries stop services or processes by disabling their respective scheduled tasks in order to conduct da in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when adversaries stop services or processes by disabling their respective scheduled tasks in order to conduct da. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Disable Important Scheduled Task id: 9ac94dc8-9042-493c-ba45-3b5e7c86b980 related: - id: 7595ba94-cf3b-4471-aa03-4f6baa9e5fad type: similar - id: 9e3cb244-bdb8-4632-8c90-6079c8f4f16d type: similar status: test description: Detects when adversaries stop services or processes by disabling their respective scheduled tasks in order to conduct data destructive activities references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1490/T1490.md#atomic-test-8---windows---disable-the-sr-scheduled-task - https://twitter.com/MichalKoczwara/status/1553634816016498688 - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), X__Junior date: 2021-12-26 modified: 2026-03-11 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1489 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe - OriginalFileName: schtasks.exe selection_cli_disable: CommandLine|contains|windash: /disable selection_cli_task: CommandLine|contains: - \Windows\BitLocker - \Windows\ExploitGuard - \Windows\ExploitGuard\ExploitGuard MDM policy Refresh - \Windows\SystemRestore\SR - \Windows\UpdateOrchestrator\ - \Windows\Windows Defender\ - \Windows\WindowsBackup\ - \Windows\WindowsUpdate\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_schtasks_disable/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Windows - Disable the SR scheduled task technique: T1490 atomic_guid: 1c68c68d-83a4-4981-974e-8993055fa034
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects actions caused by the RedMimicry Winnti playbook a automated breach emulations utility. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - RedMimicry Winnti Playbook Execution id: 95022b85-ff2a-49fa-939a-d7b8f56eeb9b status: test description: Detects actions caused by the RedMimicry Winnti playbook a automated breach emulations utility references: - https://redmimicry.com/posts/redmimicry-winnti/ author: Alexander Rausch date: 2020-06-24 modified: 2023-03-01 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1106 - attack.t1059.003 - attack.t1218.011 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \rundll32.exe - \cmd.exe CommandLine|contains: - gthread-3.6.dll - \Windows\Temp\tmp.bat - sigcmm-2.4.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-1479
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1479. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in reports/CreateReportTable.jsp in ZOHO ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 9.0 build 9031 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the site parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5591. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. SQL injection vulnerability in Zenphoto before 1.4.9 allow remote administrators to execute arbitrary SQL commands.
Query: write Sigma for Detects suspicious use of PCHunter, a tool like Process Hacker to view and manipulate processes, kernel options and othe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious use of PCHunter, a tool like Process Hacker to view and manipulate processes, kernel options and othe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - PCHunter Execution id: fca949cc-79ca-446e-8064-01aa7e52ece5 status: test description: Detects suspicious use of PCHunter, a tool like Process Hacker to view and manipulate processes, kernel options and other low level stuff references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20231210115125/http://www.xuetr.com/ - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/falcon-overwatch-report-finds-increase-in-ecrime/ - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2018/04/20/kernel-hacking-tool-you-might-have-never-heard-of-xuetr-pchunter/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali date: 2022-10-10 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.execution - attack.discovery - attack.t1082 - attack.t1057 - attack.t1012 - attack.t1083 - attack.t1007 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_image: Image|endswith: - \PCHunter64.exe - \PCHunter32.exe selection_pe: - OriginalFileName: PCHunter.exe - Description: Epoolsoft Windows Information View Tools selection_hashes: Hashes|contains: - SHA1=5F1CBC3D99558307BC1250D084FA968521482025 - MD5=987B65CD9B9F4E9A1AFD8F8B48CF64A7 - SHA256=2B214BDDAAB130C274DE6204AF6DBA5AEEC7433DA99AA950022FA306421A6D32 - IMPHASH=444D210CEA1FF8112F256A4997EED7FF - SHA1=3FB89787CB97D902780DA080545584D97FB1C2EB - MD5=228DD0C2E6287547E26FFBD973A40F14 - SHA256=55F041BF4E78E9BFA6D4EE68BE40E496CE3A1353E1CA4306598589E19802522C - IMPHASH=0479F44DF47CFA2EF1CCC4416A538663 condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects use of .NET InstallUtil.exe in order to download arbitrary files. The files will be written to "%LOCALAPPDATA%\M. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Download Via InstallUtil.EXE id: 75edd216-1939-4c73-8d61-7f3a0d85b5cc status: test description: 'Detects use of .NET InstallUtil.exe in order to download arbitrary files. The files will be written to "%LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache\IE\" ' references: - https://github.com/LOLBAS-Project/LOLBAS/pull/239 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-19 modified: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \InstallUtil.exe - OriginalFileName: InstallUtil.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - ftp:// - http:// - https:// condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: vulnerability: The ANSendForFormDistribution method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrob
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6716. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ANSendForFormDistribution method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4474. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: risk of NTP before 4.2.8p6 and 4.3.0 before 4.3.90 allows a remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack exhaustion) via an ntpdc relist command, which triggers recursive traversal
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7978. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 7.5. NTP before 4.2.8p6 and 4.3.0 before 4.3.90 allows a remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack exhaustion) via an ntpdc relist command, which triggers recursive traversal of the restriction list.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3248. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. openhpi/Makefile.am in OpenHPI before 3.6.0 uses world-writable permissions for /var/lib/openhpi directory, which allows local users, when quotas are not properly setup, to fill the filesystem hosting /var/lib and cause a denial of service (disk consumption).
Query: telemetry for T1001.002
Matching passage: T1001.002 Steganography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult. Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems. This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems. In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control.
Near-miss passage: T1001.003 Protocol or Service Impersonation. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts. By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic. Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity. Adversaries may also leverage legitimate protocols to impersonate expected web traffic or trusted services. For example, adversaries may manipulate HTTP headers, URI endpoints, SSL certificates, and transmitted data to disguise C2 communications or mimic legitimate services such as Gmail, Google Drive, and Yahoo Messenger.(Citation: ESET Okrum July 2019)(Citation: Malleable-C2-U42)
Query: write Sigma for This rule detects that the path to the DLL written in the registry is different from the default one. Launched WAB.exe t
Matching passage: Sigma rule: This rule detects that the path to the DLL written in the registry is different from the default one. Launched WAB.exe t. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Execution DLL of Choice Using WAB.EXE id: fc014922-5def-4da9-a0fc-28c973f41bfb status: test description: This rule detects that the path to the DLL written in the registry is different from the default one. Launched WAB.exe tries to load the DLL from Registry. references: - https://github.com/LOLBAS-Project/LOLBAS/blob/8283d8d91552213ded165fd36deb6cb9534cb443/yml/OSBinaries/Wab.yml - https://twitter.com/Hexacorn/status/991447379864932352 - http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2018/05/01/wab-exe-as-a-lolbin/ author: oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova date: 2020-10-13 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Software\Microsoft\WAB\DLLPath filter: Details: '%CommonProgramFiles%\System\wab32.dll' condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a powershell download cradle using nslookup. This cradle uses nslookup to extract payloads from DNS records.. Logsource: windows / ps_classic_start. Rule: title: Nslookup PowerShell Download Cradle id: 999bff6d-dc15-44c9-9f5c-e1051bfc86e1 related: - id: 1b3b01c7-84e9-4072-86e5-fc285a41ff23 type: similar status: test description: Detects a powershell download cradle using nslookup. This cradle uses nslookup to extract payloads from DNS records. references: - https://twitter.com/Alh4zr3d/status/1566489367232651264 author: Sai Prashanth Pulisetti @pulisettis, Aishwarya Singam date: 2022-12-10 modified: 2025-02-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_classic_start detection: selection: Data|contains|all: - powershell - nslookup - '[1]' Data|contains: - -q=txt http - -querytype=txt http - -type=txt http condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / security
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the extraction of password protected ZIP archives with suspicious file names. See the filename variable for more. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Password Protected ZIP File Opened (Suspicious Filenames) id: 54f0434b-726f-48a1-b2aa-067df14516e4 status: test description: Detects the extraction of password protected ZIP archives with suspicious file names. See the filename variable for more details on which file has been opened. references: - https://twitter.com/sbousseaden/status/1523383197513379841 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-05-09 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.t1105 - attack.t1036 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 5379 TargetName|contains: Microsoft_Windows_Shell_ZipFolder:filename selection_filename: TargetName|contains: - invoice - new order - rechnung - factura - delivery - purchase - order - payment condition: selection and selection_filename falsepositives: - Legitimate used of encrypted ZIP files level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an the Administrator role is assigned to an user or group.. Logsource: okta / okta. Rule: title: Okta Admin Role Assigned to an User or Group id: 413d4a81-6c98-4479-9863-014785fd579c status: test description: Detects when an the Administrator role is assigned to an user or group. references: - https://developer.okta.com/docs/reference/api/system-log/ - https://developer.okta.com/docs/reference/api/event-types/ author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-09-12 modified: 2026-04-27 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098.003 logsource: product: okta service: okta detection: selection: eventType: - group.privilege.grant - user.account.privilege.grant condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrator roles could be assigned to users or group by other admin users. level: medium
Query: telemetry for T1102.001
Matching passage: T1102.001 Dead Drop Resolver. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure. Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses. Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).
Near-miss passage: T1102 Web Service. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for relaying data to/from a compromised system. Popular websites, cloud services, and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google, Microsoft, or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.(Citation: Broadcom BirdyClient Microsoft Graph API 2024) Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. Use of Web services may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).
Query: hunt for Delete Cloud Instance activity
Matching passage: T1578.003 Delete Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may delete a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in an attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. Deleting an instance or virtual machine can remove valuable forensic artifacts and other evidence of suspicious behavior if the instance is not recoverable. An adversary may also [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and later terminate the instance after achieving their objectives.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)
Near-miss passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Query: weakness Compiler Optimization Removal or Modification of Security-critical Code
Matching passage: CWE-733 Compiler Optimization Removal or Modification of Security-critical Code. The developer builds a security-critical protection mechanism into the software, but the compiler optimizes the program such that the mechanism is removed or modified.
Near-miss passage: CWE-252 Unchecked Return Value. The product does not check the return value from a method or function, which can prevent it from detecting unexpected states and conditions.
Query: what is T1071.002
Matching passage: T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as SMB(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A), FTP(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019), FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments. Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Data could also be concealed within the transferred files. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1071.005 Publish/Subscribe Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using publish/subscribe (pub/sub) application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as <code>MQTT</code>, <code>XMPP</code>, <code>AMQP</code>, and <code>STOMP</code> use a publish/subscribe design, with message distribution managed by a centralized broker.(Citation: wailing crab sub/pub)(Citation: Mandiant APT1 Appendix) Publishers categorize their messages by topics, while subscribers receive messages according to their subscribed topics.(Citation: wailing crab sub/pub) An adversary may abuse publish/subscribe protocols to communicate with systems under their control from behind a message broker while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.