alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Search Threat Vendor Data
Matching passage: T1681 Search Threat Vendor Data. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Threat actors may seek information/indicators from closed or open threat intelligence sources gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. These reports may include descriptions of behavior, detailed breakdowns of attacks, atomic indicators such as malware hashes or IP addresses, timelines of a group’s activity, and more. Adversaries may change their behavior when planning their future operations. Adversaries have been observed replacing atomic indicators mentioned in blog posts in under a week.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence VMWare ESXi Zero-Day 2023) Adversaries have also been seen searching for their own domain names in threat vendor data and then taking them down, likely to avoid seizure or further investigation.(Citation: Sentinel One Contagious Interview ClickFix September 2025) This technique is distinct from [Threat Intel Vendors](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1597/001) in that it describes threat actors performing reconnaissance on their own activity, not in search of victim information.
Near-miss passage: T1596 Search Open Technical Databases. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan) Adversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: describe CVE-2015-0756
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0756. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) devices with software 7.4(1.1) allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (wireless-networking outage) via crafted TCP traffic on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCug67104.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1855. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. verify_certificate_identity in the OpenSSL extension in Ruby before 2.0.0 patchlevel 645, 2.1.x before 2.1.6, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 does not properly validate hostnames, which allows remote attackers to spoof servers via vectors related to (1) multiple wildcards, (1) wildcards in IDNA names, (3) case sensitivity, and (4) non-ASCII characters.
Query: risk of The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted mach message that is misparsed.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7047. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted mach message that is misparsed.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0899. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The MultiPageValidator implementation in Apache Struts 1 1.1 through 1.3.10 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a modified page parameter.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0470
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0470. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0306. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.260 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.257 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.429 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 16.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 16.0.0.272 on Android, Adobe AIR SDK before 16.0.0.272, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 16.0.0.272 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0303.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2080
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2080. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. The exception handling code in Eclipse Jetty before 9.2.9.v20150224 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via illegal characters in an HTTP header, aka JetLeak.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0583. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco WebEx Meeting Center does not properly restrict the content of URLs, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors related to file: URIs, aka Bug ID CSCus18281.
Query: alert when Detects modifications to the Windows Defender exclusion registry key. This could indicate a potentially suspicious or ev
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects modifications to the Windows Defender exclusion registry key. This could indicate a potentially suspicious or ev. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Windows Defender Exclusion List Modified id: 46a68649-f218-4f86-aea1-16a759d81820 related: - id: e9c8808f-4cfb-4ba9-97d4-e5f3beaa244d type: derived - id: a33f8808-2812-4373-ae95-8cfb82134978 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects modifications to the Windows Defender exclusion registry key. This could indicate a potentially suspicious or even malicious activity by an attacker trying to add a new exclusion in order to bypass security. ' references: - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/gootkit-malware-bypasses-windows-defender-by-setting-path-exclusions/ author: '@BarryShooshooga' date: 2019-10-26 modified: 2023-11-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: 'Requirements: Audit Policy : Security Settings/Local Policies/Audit Policy, Registry System Access Control (SACL): Auditing/User' detection: selection: EventID: 4657 ObjectName|contains: \Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Intended exclusions by administrators level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of the "TcpClient" class. Which can be abused to establish remote connections and reverse-shells. As seen. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Powershell ReverseShell Connection id: edc2f8ae-2412-4dfd-b9d5-0c57727e70be status: stable description: Detects usage of the "TcpClient" class. Which can be abused to establish remote connections and reverse-shells. As seen used by the Nishang "Invoke-PowerShellTcpOneLine" reverse shell and other. references: - https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/03/02/active-exploitation-of-microsoft-exchange-zero-day-vulnerabilities/ - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/02/hafnium-targeting-exchange-servers/ - https://github.com/samratashok/nishang/blob/414ee1104526d7057f9adaeee196d91ae447283e/Shells/Invoke-PowerShellTcpOneLine.ps1 author: FPT.EagleEye, wagga, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-03-03 modified: 2023-04-05 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' Net.Sockets.TCPClient' - .GetStream( - .Write( condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - In rare administrative cases, this function might be used to check network connectivity level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-6376
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6376. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) X8.5.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCuv72412.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1424. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Gecko CMS 2.2 and 2.3 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that add an administrator user via a newuser request to admin/index.php.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9103
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9103. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Synology Note Station 1.1-0212 and earlier allow remote authenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) note title or (2) file name of attachments.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4725. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in forgot.php in AudioShare 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the email parameter.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3301
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3301. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 4.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the TheCartPress eCommerce Shopping Cart (aka The Professional WordPress eCommerce Plugin) plugin for WordPress before 1.3.9.3 allows remote administrators to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the tcp_box_path parameter in the checkout_editor_settings page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5313. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 2.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the virStorageBackendFileSystemVolCreate function in storage/storage_backend_fs.c in libvirt, when fine-grained Access Control Lists (ACL) are in effect, allows local users with storage_vol:create ACL but not domain:write permission to write to arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in a volume name.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1221
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1221. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging incorrect ordering of operations in the Web SQL Database thread relative to Blink's main thread, related to the shutdown function in web/WebKit.cpp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3118. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3124, CVE-2015-3127, CVE-2015-3128, CVE-2015-3129, CVE-2015-3131, CVE-2015-3132, CVE-2015-3136, CVE-2015-3137, CVE-2015-4428, CVE-2015-4430, and CVE-2015-5117.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6608
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6608. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. mediaserver in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY48X and 6.0 before 2015-11-01 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka internal bugs 19779574, 23680780, 23876444, and 23658148, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8072 and CVE-2015-8073.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7941. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. libxml2 2.9.2 does not properly stop parsing invalid input, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and libxml2 crash) via crafted XML data to the (1) xmlParseEntityDecl or (2) xmlParseConditionalSections function in parser.c, as demonstrated by non-terminated entities.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4508
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4508. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Mozilla Firefox before 41.0, when reader mode is enabled, allows remote attackers to spoof the relationship between address-bar URLs and web content via a crafted web site.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1278. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89 does not ensure that a PDF document's modal dialog is closed upon navigation to an interstitial page, which allows remote attackers to spoof URLs via a crafted document, as demonstrated by the alert_dialog.pdf document.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-10053
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10053. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in prodigasistemas curupira up to 0.1.3. Affected is an unknown function of the file app/controllers/curupira/passwords_controller.rb. The manipulation leads to sql injection. Upgrading to version 0.1.4 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as 93a9a77896bb66c949acb8e64bceafc74bc8c271. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-218394 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5148. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in LivelyCart 1.2.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the search_query parameter to product/search.
Query: Suspicious Logon Script (Windows) execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1037.001 Logon Script (Windows). Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use Windows logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. Windows allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or group of users log into a system.(Citation: TechNet Logon Scripts) This is done via adding a path to a script to the <code>HKCU\Environment\UserInitMprLogonScript</code> Registry key.(Citation: Hexacorn Logon Scripts) Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.
Near-miss passage: T1037 Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Eye Spy Email Nov 22)(Citation: Anomali Rocke March 2019) Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.
Query: alert when Detects a suspicious or uncommon parent processes of PowerShell
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious or uncommon parent processes of PowerShell. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious PowerShell Parent Process id: 754ed792-634f-40ae-b3bc-e0448d33f695 related: - id: 692f0bec-83ba-4d04-af7e-e884a96059b6 type: derived status: test description: Detects a suspicious or uncommon parent processes of PowerShell references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse?slide=26 author: Teymur Kheirkhabarov, Harish Segar date: 2020-03-20 modified: 2023-02-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: - ParentImage|contains: tomcat - ParentImage|endswith: - \amigo.exe - \browser.exe - \chrome.exe - \firefox.exe - \httpd.exe - \iexplore.exe - \jbosssvc.exe - \microsoftedge.exe - \microsoftedgecp.exe - \MicrosoftEdgeSH.exe - \mshta.exe - \nginx.exe - \outlook.exe - \php-cgi.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \safari.exe - \services.exe - \sqlagent.exe - \sqlserver.exe - \sqlservr.exe - \vivaldi.exe - \w3wp.exe selection_powershell: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - CommandLine|contains: - /c powershell - /c pwsh - Description: Windows PowerShell - Product: PowerShell Core 6 - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Other scripts level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects command line parameters used by Bloodhound and Sharphound hack tools. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Bloodhound/Sharphound Execution id: f376c8a7-a2d0-4ddc-aa0c-16c17236d962 status: test description: Detects command line parameters used by Bloodhound and Sharphound hack tools references: - https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound - https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/SharpHound author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-12-20 modified: 2023-02-04 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1087.001 - attack.t1087.002 - attack.t1482 - attack.t1069.001 - attack.t1069.002 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Product|contains: SharpHound - Description|contains: SharpHound - Company|contains: - SpecterOps - evil corp - Image|contains: - \Bloodhound.exe - \SharpHound.exe selection_cli_1: CommandLine|contains: - ' -CollectionMethod All ' - ' --CollectionMethods Session ' - ' --Loop --Loopduration ' - ' --PortScanTimeout ' - '.exe -c All -d ' - Invoke-Bloodhound - Get-BloodHoundData selection_cli_2: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -JsonFolder ' - ' -ZipFileName ' selection_cli_3: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' DCOnly ' - ' --NoSaveCache ' condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Other programs that use these command line option and accepts an 'All' parameter level: high
Query: detection rule: Detects the creation of a schtask that executes a file from C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a schtask that executes a file from C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Schtasks Execution AppData Folder id: c5c00f49-b3f9-45a6-997e-cfdecc6e1967 status: test description: Detects the creation of a schtask that executes a file from C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/02/21/qbot-and-zerologon-lead-to-full-domain-compromise/ author: pH-T (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-03-15 modified: 2022-07-28 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1053.005 - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - /Create - /RU - /TR - C:\Users\ - \AppData\Local\ CommandLine|contains: - NT AUT - ' SYSTEM ' filter: ParentImage|contains|all: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - TeamViewer_.exe Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains: /TN TVInstallRestore condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "groupdel" binary. Which is used to delete a group. This is sometimes abused by threat actors i. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Group Has Been Deleted Via Groupdel id: 8a46f16c-8c4c-82d1-b121-0fdd3ba70a84 status: test description: Detects execution of the "groupdel" binary. Which is used to delete a group. This is sometimes abused by threat actors in order to cover their tracks references: - https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-delete-group-in-linux/ - https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-remove-user-command/ - https://www.cybrary.it/blog/0p3n/linux-commands-used-attackers/ - https://linux.die.net/man/8/groupdel author: Tuan Le (NCSGroup) date: 2022-12-26 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1531 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: /groupdel condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrator activities level: medium
Query: telemetry for T1610
Matching passage: T1610 Deploy Container. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may deploy a container into an environment to facilitate execution or evade defenses. In some cases, adversaries may deploy a new container to execute processes associated with a particular image or deployment, such as processes that execute or download malware. In others, an adversary may deploy a new container configured without network rules, user limitations, etc. to bypass existing defenses within the environment. In Kubernetes environments, an adversary may attempt to deploy a privileged or vulnerable container into a specific node in order to [Escape to Host](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1611) and access other containers running on the node. (Citation: AppSecco Kubernetes Namespace Breakout 2020) Containers can be deployed by various means, such as via Docker's <code>create</code> and <code>start</code> APIs or via a web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard or Kubeflow. (Citation: Docker Container)(Citation: Kubernetes Dashboard)(Citation: Kubeflow Pipelines) In Kubernetes environments, containers may be deployed through workloads such as ReplicaSets or DaemonSets, which can allow containers to be deployed across multiple nodes.(Citation: Kubernetes Workload Management) Adversaries may deploy containers based on retrieved or built malicious images or from benign images that download and execute malicious payloads at runtime.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts)
Near-miss passage: T1204.005 Malicious Library. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may rely on a user installing a malicious library to facilitate execution. Threat actors may [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) to package managers such as NPM and PyPi, as well as to public code repositories such as GitHub. User may install libraries without realizing they are malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that establishes persistence, steals data, or mines cryptocurrency.(Citation: Datadog Security Labs Malicious PyPi Packages 2024)(Citation: Fortinet Malicious NPM Packages 2023) In some cases, threat actors may compromise and backdoor existing popular libraries (i.e., [Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/001)). Alternatively, they may create entirely new packages and leverage behaviors such as typosquatting to encourage users to install them.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0247
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0247. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Heap-based buffer overflow in openfs.c in the libext2fs library in e2fsprogs before 1.42.12 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via crafted block group descriptor data in a filesystem image.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7090. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.599999904632568. Apple QuickTime before 7.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted movie file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7085, CVE-2015-7086, CVE-2015-7087, CVE-2015-7088, CVE-2015-7089, CVE-2015-7091, CVE-2015-7092, and CVE-2015-7117.
Query: risk of The profile-builder plugin before 2.1.4 for WordPress has no access control for activating or deactivating addons via AJAX.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9337. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. The profile-builder plugin before 2.1.4 for WordPress has no access control for activating or deactivating addons via AJAX.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7315. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. Plone 3.3.0 through 3.3.6, 4.0.0 through 4.0.10, 4.1.0 through 4.1.6, 4.2.0 through 4.2.7, 4.3.0 through 4.3.6, and 5.0rc1 allows remote attackers to add a new member to a Plone site with registration enabled, without acknowledgment of site administrator.