alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detect Detects DNS requests to Cloudflared tunnels domains. Attackers can abuse that feature to establish a reverse shell or pe in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS requests to Cloudflared tunnels domains. Attackers can abuse that feature to establish a reverse shell or pe. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: Cloudflared Tunnels Related DNS Requests id: a1d9eec5-33b2-4177-8d24-27fe754d0812 related: - id: 7cd1dcdc-6edf-4896-86dc-d1f19ad64903 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects DNS requests to Cloudflared tunnels domains. Attackers can abuse that feature to establish a reverse shell or persistence on a machine. ' references: - https://www.guidepointsecurity.com/blog/tunnel-vision-cloudflared-abused-in-the-wild/ - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-12-20 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 - attack.t1572 logsource: category: dns_query product: windows detection: selection: QueryName|endswith: - .v2.argotunnel.com - protocol-v2.argotunnel.com - trycloudflare.com - update.argotunnel.com condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of cloudflare tunnels will also trigger this. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls to read information about scheduled tasks via SASec. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Recon Activity via SASec id: 0a3ff354-93fc-4273-8a03-1078782de5b7 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls to read information about scheduled tasks via SASec references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-tsch/d1058a28-7e02-4948-8b8d-4a347fa64931 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-TSCH.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.discovery logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:378e52b0-c0a9-11cf-822d-00aa0051e40f"' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 378e52b0-c0a9-11cf-822d-00aa0051e40f filter: OpNum: - 0 - 1 condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in django CMS before 3.0.14, 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to manipulate privileged users into performing unknown actio
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5081. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in django CMS before 3.0.14, 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to manipulate privileged users into performing unknown actions via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7936. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 7.5. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Motorola Solutions MOSCAD IP Gateway allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that modify a password.
Query: explain CWE-1245
Matching passage: CWE-1245 Improper Finite State Machines (FSMs) in Hardware Logic. Faulty finite state machines (FSMs) in the hardware logic allow an attacker to put the system in an undefined state, to cause a denial of service (DoS) or gain privileges on the victim's system.
Near-miss passage: CWE-222 Truncation of Security-relevant Information. The product truncates the display, recording, or processing of security-relevant information in a way that can obscure the source or nature of an attack.
Query: detection engineering for Exfiltration over USB
Matching passage: T1052.001 Exfiltration over USB. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a USB connected physical device. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a USB device introduced by a user. The USB device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Near-miss passage: T1052 Exfiltration Over Physical Medium. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data via a physical medium, such as a removable drive. In certain circumstances, such as an air-gapped network compromise, exfiltration could occur via a physical medium or device introduced by a user. Such media could be an external hard drive, USB drive, cellular phone, MP3 player, or other removable storage and processing device. The physical medium or device could be used as the final exfiltration point or to hop between otherwise disconnected systems.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by SMS Pumping
Matching passage: T1496.003 SMS Pumping. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage messaging services for SMS pumping, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping) SMS pumping is a type of telecommunications fraud whereby a threat actor first obtains a set of phone numbers from a telecommunications provider, then leverages a victim’s messaging infrastructure to send large amounts of SMS messages to numbers in that set. By generating SMS traffic to their phone number set, a threat actor may earn payments from the telecommunications provider.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping Fraud) Threat actors often use publicly available web forms, such as one-time password (OTP) or account verification fields, in order to generate SMS traffic. These fields may leverage services such as Twilio, AWS SNS, and Amazon Cognito in the background.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping)(Citation: AWS RE:Inforce Threat Detection 2024) In response to the large quantity of requests, SMS costs may increase and communication channels may become overwhelmed.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping)
Near-miss passage: T1496.001 Compute Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the compute resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. One common purpose for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) and cryptocurrency mining.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs) Additionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware identify then kill off processes for competing malware to ensure it’s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners)
Query: threat report mentioning Email Bombing
Matching passage: T1667 Email Bombing. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may flood targeted email addresses with an overwhelming volume of messages. This may bury legitimate emails in a flood of spam and disrupt business operations.(Citation: sophos-bombing)(Citation: krebs-email-bombing) An adversary may accomplish email bombing by leveraging an automated bot to register a targeted address for e-mail lists that do not validate new signups, such as online newsletters. The result can be a wave of thousands of e-mails that effectively overloads the victim’s inbox.(Citation: krebs-email-bombing)(Citation: hhs-email-bombing) By sending hundreds or thousands of e-mails in quick succession, adversaries may successfully divert attention away from and bury legitimate messages including security alerts, daily business processes like help desk tickets and client correspondence, or ongoing scams.(Citation: hhs-email-bombing) This behavior can also be used as a tool of harassment.(Citation: krebs-email-bombing) This behavior may be a precursor for [Spearphishing Voice](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/004). For example, an adversary may email bomb a target and then follow up with a phone call to fraudulently offer assistance. This social engineering may lead to the use of [Remote Access Software](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1663) to steal credentials, deploy ransomware, conduct [Financial Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1657)(Citation: sophos-bombing), or engage in other malicious activity.(Citation: rapid7-email-bombing)
Near-miss passage: T1496 Resource Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. Resource hijacking may take a number of different forms. For example, adversaries may: * Leverage compute resources in order to mine cryptocurrency * Sell network bandwidth to proxy networks * Generate SMS traffic for profit * Abuse cloud-based messaging services to send large quantities of spam messages In some cases, adversaries may leverage multiple types of Resource Hijacking at once.(Citation: Sysdig Cryptojacking Proxyjacking 2023)
Query: exploit Heap-based buffer overflow in libaxl 0.6.9 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or execute arbitrary code via a crafted XML document.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3450. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in libaxl 0.6.9 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or execute arbitrary code via a crafted XML document.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3702. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Buffer overflow in the Intel Graphics Driver in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3695, CVE-2015-3696, CVE-2015-3697, CVE-2015-3698, CVE-2015-3699, CVE-2015-3700, and CVE-2015-3701.
Query: Sigma YAML for macos / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects possible malicious execution of JXA in-memory via OSAScript. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: JXA In-memory Execution Via OSAScript id: f1408a58-0e94-4165-b80a-da9f96cf6fc3 related: - id: 1bc2e6c5-0885-472b-bed6-be5ea8eace55 type: derived status: test description: Detects possible malicious execution of JXA in-memory via OSAScript references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/applescript/ author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r) date: 2023-01-31 tags: - attack.t1059.002 - attack.t1059.007 - attack.execution logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection_main: CommandLine|contains|all: - osascript - ' -e ' - eval - NSData.dataWithContentsOfURL selection_js: - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -l ' - JavaScript - CommandLine|contains: .js condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects function calls from the EditionUpgradeManager COM interface. Which is an interface that is not used by standard. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: Function Call From Undocumented COM Interface EditionUpgradeManager id: fb3722e4-1a06-46b6-b772-253e2e7db933 status: test description: Detects function calls from the EditionUpgradeManager COM interface. Which is an interface that is not used by standard executables. references: - https://www.snip2code.com/Snippet/4397378/UAC-bypass-using-EditionUpgradeManager-C/ - https://gist.github.com/hfiref0x/de9c83966623236f5ebf8d9ae2407611 author: oscd.community, Dmitry Uchakin date: 2020-10-07 modified: 2023-11-30 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548.002 logsource: category: process_access product: windows detection: selection: CallTrace|contains: editionupgrademanagerobj.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, A
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7652. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted gridFitType property value, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7654, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7661, CVE-2015-7663, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8043, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2017. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. CRLF injection vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 6.1 through 6.1.0.47, 7.0 before 7.0.0.39, 8.0 before 8.0.0.12, and 8.5 before 8.5.5.8 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via a crafted URL.
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3121. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3119, CVE-2015-3120, CVE-2015-3122, and CVE-2015-4433.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5555. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5554, CVE-2015-5558, and CVE-2015-5562.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Compiled HTML File
Matching passage: T1218.001 Compiled HTML File. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse Compiled HTML files (.chm) to conceal malicious code. CHM files are commonly distributed as part of the Microsoft HTML Help system. CHM files are compressed compilations of various content such as HTML documents, images, and scripting/web related programming languages such VBA, JScript, Java, and ActiveX. (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help May 2018) CHM content is displayed using underlying components of the Internet Explorer browser (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help ActiveX) loaded by the HTML Help executable program (hh.exe). (Citation: Microsoft HTML Help Executable Program) A custom CHM file containing embedded payloads could be delivered to a victim then triggered by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). CHM execution may also bypass application application control on older and/or unpatched systems that do not account for execution of binaries through hh.exe. (Citation: MsitPros CHM Aug 2017) (Citation: Microsoft CVE-2017-8625 Aug 2017)
Near-miss passage: T1218.007 Msiexec. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) The Msiexec.exe binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft. Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) Since it may be signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the <code>AlwaysInstallElevated</code> policy is enabled.(Citation: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)
Query: execution using Service Execution
Matching passage: T1569.002 Service Execution. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.
Near-miss passage: T1569 System Services. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse system services or daemons to execute commands or programs. Adversaries can execute malicious content by interacting with or creating services either locally or remotely. Many services are set to run at boot, which can aid in achieving persistence ([Create or Modify System Process](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543)), but adversaries can also abuse services for one-time or temporary execution.
Query: detection rule: Detects S3 browser utility creating Inline IAM policy containing default S3 bucket name placeholder value of "<YOUR-BUCK
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects S3 browser utility creating Inline IAM policy containing default S3 bucket name placeholder value of "<YOUR-BUCK. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS IAM S3Browser Templated S3 Bucket Policy Creation id: db014773-7375-4f4e-b83b-133337c0ffee status: test description: Detects S3 browser utility creating Inline IAM policy containing default S3 bucket name placeholder value of "<YOUR-BUCKET-NAME>". references: - https://permiso.io/blog/s/unmasking-guivil-new-cloud-threat-actor author: daniel.bohannon@permiso.io (@danielhbohannon) date: 2023-05-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.009 - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: iam.amazonaws.com eventName: PutUserPolicy userAgent|contains: S3 Browser requestParameters|contains|all: - '"arn:aws:s3:::<YOUR-BUCKET-NAME>/*"' - '"s3:GetObject"' - '"Allow"' condition: selection falsepositives: - Valid usage of S3 browser with accidental creation of default Inline IAM policy without changing default S3 bucket name placeholder value level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the presence of unicode characters which are homoglyphs, or identical in appearance, to ASCII letter characters.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potential Homoglyph Attack Using Lookalike Characters in Filename id: 4f1707b1-b50b-45b4-b5a2-3978b5a5d0d6 status: test description: 'Detects the presence of unicode characters which are homoglyphs, or identical in appearance, to ASCII letter characters. This is used as an obfuscation and masquerading techniques. Only "perfect" homoglyphs are included; these are characters that are indistinguishable from ASCII characters and thus may make excellent candidates for homoglyph attack characters. ' references: - https://redcanary.com/threat-detection-report/threats/socgholish/#threat-socgholish - http://www.irongeek.com/homoglyph-attack-generator.php author: Micah Babinski, @micahbabinski date: 2023-05-08 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1036.003 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection_upper: TargetFilename|contains: - А - В - Е - К - М - Н - О - Р - С - Т - Х - Ѕ - І - Ј - Ү - Ӏ - Ԍ - Ԛ - Ԝ - Α - Β - Ε - Ζ - Η - Ι - Κ - Μ - Ν - Ο - Ρ - Τ - Υ - Χ selection_lower: TargetFilename|contains: - а - е - о - р - с - х - ѕ - і - ӏ - ј - һ - ԁ - ԛ - ԝ - ο condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - File names with legitimate Cyrillic text. Will likely require tuning (or not be usable) in countries where these alphabets are in use. level: medium
Query: exploit Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Ex
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1709. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7201. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 43.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5343
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5343. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.599999904632568. Integer overflow in util.c in mod_dav_svn in Apache Subversion 1.7.x, 1.8.x before 1.8.15, and 1.9.x before 1.9.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (subversion server crash or memory consumption) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a skel-encoded request body, which triggers an out-of-bounds read and heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2498. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2486, CVE-2015-2487, CVE-2015-2490, CVE-2015-2492, CVE-2015-2494, and CVE-2015-2499.