alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: explain CWE-130
Matching passage: CWE-130 Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency. The product parses a formatted message or structure, but it does not handle or incorrectly handles a length field that is inconsistent with the actual length of the associated data.
Near-miss passage: CWE-337 Predictable Seed in Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG). A Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) is initialized from a predictable seed, such as the process ID or system time.
Query: adversary uses Service Exhaustion Flood
Matching passage: T1499.002 Service Exhaustion Flood. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a denial of service (DoS). Adversaries often target the availability of DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service. One example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it. This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood) Another variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS. The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections. If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm. In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests. Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012)
Near-miss passage: T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users. (Citation: Sucuri BIND9 August 2015) Some systems may automatically restart critical applications and services when crashes occur, but they can likely be re-exploited to cause a persistent denial of service (DoS) condition. Adversaries may exploit known or zero-day vulnerabilities to crash applications and/or systems, which may also lead to dependent applications and/or systems to be in a DoS condition. Crashed or restarted applications or systems may also have other effects such as [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485), [Firmware Corruption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1495), [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) etc. which may further cause a DoS condition and deny availability to critical information, applications and/or systems.
Query: write Sigma for Detects execution of a the file "execve_hijack" which is used by the Triple Cross rootkit as a way to elevate privileges
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of a the file "execve_hijack" which is used by the Triple Cross rootkit as a way to elevate privileges. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Triple Cross eBPF Rootkit Execve Hijack id: 0326c3c8-7803-4a0f-8c5c-368f747f7c3e status: test description: Detects execution of a the file "execve_hijack" which is used by the Triple Cross rootkit as a way to elevate privileges references: - https://github.com/h3xduck/TripleCross/blob/1f1c3e0958af8ad9f6ebe10ab442e75de33e91de/src/helpers/execve_hijack.c#L275 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-05 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /sudo CommandLine|contains: execve_hijack condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a user performs data exfiltration by using DataSvcUtil.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: LOLBAS Data Exfiltration by DataSvcUtil.exe id: e290b10b-1023-4452-a4a9-eb31a9013b3a status: test description: Detects when a user performs data exfiltration by using DataSvcUtil.exe references: - https://gist.github.com/teixeira0xfffff/837e5bfed0d1b0a29a7cb1e5dbdd9ca6 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/framework/data/wcf/wcf-data-service-client-utility-datasvcutil-exe - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/framework/data/wcf/generating-the-data-service-client-library-wcf-data-services - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/framework/data/wcf/how-to-add-a-data-service-reference-wcf-data-services - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/DataSvcUtil/ author: Ialle Teixeira @teixeira0xfffff, Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-09-30 modified: 2022-05-16 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - '/in:' - '/out:' - '/uri:' selection_img: - Image|endswith: \DataSvcUtil.exe - OriginalFileName: DataSvcUtil.exe condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - DataSvcUtil.exe being used may be performed by a system administrator. - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - DataSvcUtil.exe being executed from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the use of rcedit to potentially alter executable PE metadata properties, which could conceal efforts to rename
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of rcedit to potentially alter executable PE metadata properties, which could conceal efforts to rename. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - Potential PE Metadata Tamper Using Rcedit id: 0c92f2e6-f08f-4b73-9216-ecb0ca634689 status: test description: Detects the use of rcedit to potentially alter executable PE metadata properties, which could conceal efforts to rename system utilities for defense evasion. references: - https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/210843/is-it-possible-to-change-original-filename-of-an-exe - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/02e8e8c5d430d8b768980f517b62d7792d690982b9ba0f7e04163cbc1a6e7915 - https://github.com/electron/rcedit author: Micah Babinski date: 2022-12-11 modified: 2023-03-05 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036.003 - attack.t1036 - attack.t1027.005 - attack.t1027 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \rcedit-x64.exe - \rcedit-x86.exe - Description: Edit resources of exe - Product: rcedit selection_flags: CommandLine|contains: --set- selection_attributes: CommandLine|contains: - OriginalFileName - CompanyName - FileDescription - ProductName - ProductVersion - LegalCopyright condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the tool by administrators or users to update metadata of a binary level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects technique used by MAZE ransomware to enumerate directories using Powershell. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Directory Enumeration id: 162e69a7-7981-4344-84a9-0f1c9a217a52 status: test description: Detects technique used by MAZE ransomware to enumerate directories using Powershell references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1083/T1083.md - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/tactics-techniques-procedures-associated-with-maze-ransomware-incidents author: frack113 date: 2022-03-17 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1083 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - foreach - Get-ChildItem - '-Path ' - '-ErrorAction ' - SilentlyContinue - 'Out-File ' - -append condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate PowerShell scripts level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-1278
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1278. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89 does not ensure that a PDF document's modal dialog is closed upon navigation to an interstitial page, which allows remote attackers to spoof URLs via a crafted document, as demonstrated by the alert_dialog.pdf document.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3755. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. WebKit in Apple Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, as used in iOS before 8.4.1 and other products, allows remote attackers to spoof the user interface via a malformed URL.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0433
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0433. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.41 and earlier, and 5.6.22 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via vectors related to InnoDB : DML.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4146. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. The EAP-pwd peer implementation in hostapd and wpa_supplicant 1.0 through 2.4 does not clear the L (Length) and M (More) flags before determining if a response should be fragmented, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted message.
Query: vulnerability: The testimonial-slider plugin through 1.2.1 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9417. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.5. The testimonial-slider plugin through 1.2.1 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5318. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Jenkins before 1.638 and LTS before 1.625.2 uses a publicly accessible salt to generate CSRF protection tokens, which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass the CSRF protection mechanism via a brute force attack.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3772
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3772. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOFireWireFamily in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3769 and CVE-2015-3771.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5786. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Apple QuickTime before 7.7.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5785.
Query: write Sigma for Detects process access events where WerFaultSecure accesses MsMpEng.exe with dbgcore.dll or dbghelp.dll in the call trac
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects process access events where WerFaultSecure accesses MsMpEng.exe with dbgcore.dll or dbghelp.dll in the call trac. Logsource: windows / process_access. Rule: title: Suspicious Process Access of MsMpEng by WerFaultSecure - EDR-Freeze id: 387df17d-3b04-448f-8669-9e7fd5e5fd8c related: - id: 8a2f4b1c-3d5e-4f7a-9b2c-1e4f6d8a9c2b type: similar - id: 1f0b4cac-9c81-41f4-95d0-8475ff46b3e2 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects process access events where WerFaultSecure accesses MsMpEng.exe with dbgcore.dll or dbghelp.dll in the call trace, indicating potential EDR freeze techniques. This technique leverages WerFaultSecure.exe running as a Protected Process Light (PPL) with WinTCB protection level to call MiniDumpWriteDump and suspend EDR/AV processes, allowing malicious activity to execute undetected during the suspension period. ' references: - https://blog.axelarator.net/hunting-for-edr-freeze/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-11-27 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_access product: windows definition: "Requires Sysmon Event ID 10 (ProcessAccess) with CallTrace enabled.\nExample sysmon config snippet with grouping,\ \ as logging individual ProcessAccess events can generate excessive logs:\n<ProcessAccess onmatch=\"include\">\n <Rule\ \ groupRelation=\"and\">\n <TargetImage condition=\"end with\">\\MsMpEng.exe</TargetImage>\n <SourceImage condition=\"\ end with\">\\WerFaultSecure.exe</SourceImage>\n </Rule>\n</ProcessAccess>\n" detection: selection: SourceImage|endswith: \WerFaultSecure.exe TargetImage|endswith: \MsMpEng.exe CallTrace|contains: - \dbgcore.dll - \dbghelp.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate Windows Error Reporting operations level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_access/proc_access_win_werfaultsecure_msmpeng_access/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential malicious modification of the property value of IsCredGuardEnabled from HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Wdigest CredGuard Registry Modification id: 1a2d6c47-75b0-45bd-b133-2c0be75349fd status: test description: 'Detects potential malicious modification of the property value of IsCredGuardEnabled from HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest to disable Cred Guard on a system. This is usually used with UseLogonCredential to manipulate the caching credentials. ' references: - https://teamhydra.blog/2020/08/25/bypassing-credential-guard/ author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2019-08-25 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \IsCredGuardEnabled condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: hunt for Outlook Rules activity
Matching passage: T1137.005 Outlook Rules. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) Once malicious rules have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)
Near-miss passage: T1137.001 Office Template Macros. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles. The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts. (Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template) Office Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence. Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published. By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro. Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation: Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) Word Normal.dotm location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Templates\Normal.dotm</code> Excel Personal.xlsb location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Excel\XLSTART\PERSONAL.XLSB</code> Adversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\root\Office16\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key. By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup. To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1917
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1917. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Active Content Filtering component in IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF17, and 8.5.0 before CF06 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4367. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Simple Subscription module before 6.x-1.1 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "administer blocks" permission to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors related to block content.
Query: risk of PDFium, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, does not properly handle certain out-of-memory conditions, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-ba
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1271. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. PDFium, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, does not properly handle certain out-of-memory conditions, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted PDF document that triggers a large memory allocation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8869. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. OCaml before 4.03.0 does not properly handle sign extensions, which allows remote attackers to conduct buffer overflow attacks or obtain sensitive information as demonstrated by a long string to the String.copy function.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4522
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4522. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The nsUnicodeToUTF8::GetMaxLength function in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.3 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors, related to an "overflow."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9176. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, and SD 850, Input_address is registered as a shared buffer and is not properly checked before use in OEMCrypto_Generic_Sign(). This allows addresses to be accessed that reside in secure/CP memory.
Query: risk of Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Administration Web UI servlets in Citrix Command Center before 5.1 Build 36.7 and 5.2 before Build 44.11 allow remote authenticated us
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7999. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Administration Web UI servlets in Citrix Command Center before 5.1 Build 36.7 and 5.2 before Build 44.11 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1513. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in SIPhone Enterprise PBX allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the Username.
Query: risk of Rockwell Automation RSView32 7.60.00 (aka CPR9 SR4) and earlier does not properly encrypt credentials, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading a file an
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1010. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Rockwell Automation RSView32 7.60.00 (aka CPR9 SR4) and earlier does not properly encrypt credentials, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading a file and conducting a decryption attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5824. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The NSURL implementation in the CFNetwork SSL component in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers after a certificate change, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5095
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5095. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4448, CVE-2015-5099, CVE-2015-5101, CVE-2015-5111, CVE-2015-5113, and CVE-2015-5114.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8821. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted MPEG-4 data, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, CVE-2015-8454, CVE-2015-8653, CVE-2015-8655, and CVE-2015-8822.