alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects DNS queries to domains commonly used by threat actors to host malware payloads or redirect through URL shortener
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries to domains commonly used by threat actors to host malware payloads or redirect through URL shortener. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS Query To Common Malware Hosting and Shortener Services id: f8c1e80b-c73a-476a-ae24-6c72528b1521 status: experimental description: 'Detects DNS queries to domains commonly used by threat actors to host malware payloads or redirect through URL shorteners. These include platforms like Cloudflare Workers, TryCloudflare, InfinityFree, and URL shorteners such as tinyurl and lihi.cc. Such DNS activity can indicate potential delivery or command-and-control communication attempts. ' references: - https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/apt41-innovative-tactics author: Ahmed Nosir (@egycondor) date: 2025-06-02 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.004 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection: QueryName|contains: - msapp.workers.dev - trycloudflare.com - infinityfreeapp.com - my5353.com - reurl.cc - lihi.cc - tinyurl.com condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of these services is possible but rare in enterprise environments level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of the lesser known remote execution tool named CsExec a PsExec alternative. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - CsExec Execution id: d08a2711-ee8b-4323-bdec-b7d85e892b31 status: test description: Detects the use of the lesser known remote execution tool named CsExec a PsExec alternative references: - https://github.com/malcomvetter/CSExec - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/05/09/ransomware-as-a-service-understanding-the-cybercrime-gig-economy-and-how-to-protect-yourself/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-22 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1587.001 - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \csexec.exe selection_pe: Description: csexec condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit SQL injection vulnerability in the login form in GSI WiNPAT Portal 3.2.0.1001 through 3.6.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the username field.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5376. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. SQL injection vulnerability in the login form in GSI WiNPAT Portal 3.2.0.1001 through 3.6.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the username field.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9098. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Redgate SQL Monitor before 3.10 and 4.x before 4.2, a remote attacker can gain unauthenticated access to the Base Monitor, resulting in the ability to execute arbitrary SQL commands on any monitored Microsoft SQL Server machines. If the Base Monitor is connecting to these machines using an account with SQL admin privileges, then code execution on the operating system can result in full system compromise (if Microsoft SQL Server is running with local administrator privileges).
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the administrative backend in Croogo before 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the path parameter 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1053. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the administrative backend in Croogo before 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the path parameter to admin/file_manager/file_manager/editfile.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8354. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Ultimate Member WordPress plugin before 1.3.29 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the _refer parameter to wp-admin/users.php.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4594
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4594. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. eClinicalWorks Population Health (CCMR) suffers from a session fixation vulnerability. When authenticating a user, the application does not assign a new session ID, making it possible to use an existent session ID.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2509. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Windows Media Center in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, and Windows 8.1 allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Media Center link (mcl) file, aka "Windows Media Center RCE Vulnerability."
Query: detection rule: Detects LOLBINs executing from an abnormal or uncommon drive such as a mounted ISO.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects LOLBINs executing from an abnormal or uncommon drive such as a mounted ISO.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: LOLBIN Execution From Abnormal Drive id: d4ca7c59-e9e4-42d8-bf57-91a776efcb87 related: - id: 5b80cf53-3a46-4adc-960b-05ec19348d74 type: similar status: test description: Detects LOLBINs executing from an abnormal or uncommon drive such as a mounted ISO. references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/12/13/diavol-ransomware/ - https://www.scythe.io/library/threat-emulation-qakbot - https://sec-consult.com/blog/detail/bumblebee-hunting-with-a-velociraptor/ author: Christopher Peacock '@securepeacock', SCYTHE '@scythe_io', Angelo Violetti - SEC Consult '@angelo_violetti', Aaron Herman date: 2022-01-25 modified: 2023-08-29 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: - \calc.exe - \certutil.exe - \cmstp.exe - \cscript.exe - \installutil.exe - \mshta.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - OriginalFileName: - CALC.EXE - CertUtil.exe - CMSTP.EXE - cscript.exe - installutil.exe - MSHTA.EXE - REGSVR32.EXE - RUNDLL32.EXE - wscript.exe filter_main_currentdirectory: CurrentDirectory|contains: C:\ filter_main_empty: CurrentDirectory: '' filter_main_null: CurrentDirectory: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Rare false positives could occur on servers with multiple drives. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects activity when Windows Defender Firewall has been reset to its default configuration. Logsource: windows / firewall-as. Rule: title: Windows Defender Firewall Has Been Reset To Its Default Configuration id: 04b60639-39c0-412a-9fbe-e82499c881a3 status: test description: Detects activity when Windows Defender Firewall has been reset to its default configuration references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2008-r2-and-2008/dd364427(v=ws.10) author: frack113 date: 2022-02-19 modified: 2023-04-21 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: product: windows service: firewall-as detection: selection: EventID: - 2032 - 2060 condition: selection level: low
Query: alert when Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages. Logsource: windows / sysmon_error. Rule: title: Sysmon Configuration Error id: 815cd91b-7dbc-4247-841a-d7dd1392b0a8 status: test description: Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://talesfrominfosec.blogspot.com/2017/12/killing-sysmon-silently.html author: frack113 date: 2021-06-04 modified: 2026-07-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564 logsource: product: windows category: sysmon_error detection: selection_error: Description|contains: - Failed to open service configuration with error - Failed to connect to the driver to update configuration filter_generic_english: Description|contains|all: - Failed to open service configuration with error - 'Last error: The media is write protected.' filter_generic_french: Description|contains|all: - Failed to open service configuration with error - 'Last error: Média protégé en écriture.' filter_by_errorcode: Description|contains: - Failed to open service configuration with error 19 - Failed to open service configuration with error 93 condition: selection_error and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative action level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Ensure that all account usernames and authentication credentials are transmitted across networks using encrypted channel. Logsource: firewall. Rule: title: Cleartext Protocol Usage id: d7fb8f0e-bd5f-45c2-b467-19571c490d7e status: stable description: 'Ensure that all account usernames and authentication credentials are transmitted across networks using encrypted channels. Ensure that an encryption is used for all sensitive information in transit. Ensure that an encrypted channels is used for all administrative account access. ' references: - https://www.cisecurity.org/controls/cis-controls-list/ - https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/documents/PCI_DSS_v3-2-1.pdf - https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/CSWP/NIST.CSWP.04162018.pdf author: Alexandr Yampolskyi, SOC Prime, Tim Shelton date: 2019-03-26 modified: 2022-10-10 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: category: firewall detection: selection: dst_port: - 8080 - 21 - 80 - 23 - 50000 - 1521 - 27017 - 3306 - 1433 - 11211 - 15672 - 5900 - 5901 - 5902 - 5903 - 5904 selection_allow1: action: - forward - accept - 2 selection_allow2: blocked: 'false' condition: selection and 1 of selection_allow* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: risk of _XcursorThemeInherits in library.c in libXcursor before 1.1.15 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service or potentially code execution via a one-byte heap overflow.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9262. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. _XcursorThemeInherits in library.c in libXcursor before 1.1.15 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service or potentially code execution via a one-byte heap overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5588. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5575, CVE-2015-5577, CVE-2015-5578, CVE-2015-5580, CVE-2015-5582, and CVE-2015-6677.
Query: adversary uses Dynamic API Resolution
Matching passage: T1027.007 Dynamic API Resolution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis. Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts. API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files. Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing) To avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities. Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime. Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions. For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings. Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`. These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation: BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash)
Near-miss passage: T1027.008 Stripped Payloads. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information. Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality. Symbols are often created by an operating system’s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled. Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018) Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult. For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols. Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis. The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021)
Query: describe CVE-2015-9455
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9455. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. The buddypress-activity-plus plugin before 1.6.2 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant directory traversal via the wp-admin/admin-ajax.php bpfb_photos[] parameter in a bpfb_remove_temp_images action.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4267. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the web framework in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) 1.2(0.793), 1.3(0.876), 1.4(0.109), 2.0(0.147), and 2.0(0.169) allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCus09940.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5627
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5627. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 1000 R3.08.70 and earlier, CENTUM CS 3000 R3.09.50 and earlier, CENTUM CS 3000 Entry R3.09.50 and earlier, CENTUM VP R5.04.20 and earlier, CENTUM VP Entry R5.04.20 and earlier, ProSafe-RS R3.02.10 and earlier, Exaopc R3.72.00 and earlier, Exaquantum R2.85.00 and earlier, Exaquantum/Batch R2.50.30 and earlier, Exapilot R3.96.10 and earlier, Exaplog R3.40.00 and earlier, Exasmoc R4.03.20 and earlier, Exarqe R4.03.20 and earlier, Field Wireless Device OPC Server R2.01.02 and earlier, PRM R3.12.00 and earlier, STARDOM VDS R7.30.01 and earlier, STARDOM OPC Server for Windows R3.40 and earlier, FAST/TOOLS R10.01 and earlier, B/M9000CS R5.05.01 and earlier, B/M9000 VP R7.03.04 and earlier, and FieldMate R1.01 or R1.02 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process outage) via a crafted packet.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4041. CWE: CWE-787. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The keycompare_mb function in sort.c in sort in GNU Coreutils through 8.23 on 64-bit platforms performs a size calculation without considering the number of bytes occupied by multibyte characters, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via long UTF-8 strings.
Query: SIEM correlation: exfiltration activity consistent with Scheduled Transfer
Matching passage: T1029 Scheduled Transfer. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may schedule data exfiltration to be performed only at certain times of day or at certain intervals. This could be done to blend traffic patterns with normal activity or availability. When scheduled exfiltration is used, other exfiltration techniques likely apply as well to transfer the information out of the network, such as [Exfiltration Over C2 Channel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041) or [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).
Near-miss passage: T1567.002 Exfiltration to Cloud Storage. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.
Query: detection rule: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Wow6432Node Windows NT CurrentVersion Autorun Keys Modification id: 480421f9-417f-4d3b-9552-fd2728443ec8 related: - id: 17f878b8-9968-4578-b814-c4217fc5768c type: obsolete status: test description: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/autoruns - https://gist.github.com/GlebSukhodolskiy/0fc5fa5f482903064b448890db1eaf9d author: Victor Sergeev, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Gleb Sukhodolskiy, Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community, Tim Shelton, frack113 (split) date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_wow_nt_current_version_base: TargetObject|contains: \SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion selection_wow_nt_current_version: TargetObject|contains: - \Windows\Appinit_Dlls - \Image File Execution Options - \Drivers32 filter_main_empty: Details: (Empty) filter_main_null: Details: null filter_main_file_exec_options: Details|endswith: \Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate software automatically (mostly, during installation) sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason - Legitimate administrator sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a user bypasses the push protection on a secret detected by secret scanning.. Logsource: github / audit. Rule: title: Github Push Protection Bypass Detected id: 02cf536a-cf21-4876-8842-4159c8aee3cc status: test description: Detects when a user bypasses the push protection on a secret detected by secret scanning. references: - https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-cloud@latest/code-security/secret-scanning/push-protection-for-repositories-and-organizations - https://thehackernews.com/2024/03/github-rolls-out-default-secret.html author: Muhammad Faisal (@faisalusuf) date: 2024-03-07 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: github service: audit definition: 'Requirements: The audit log streaming feature must be enabled to be able to receive such logs. You can enable following the documentation here: https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-cloud@latest/admin/monitoring-activity-in-your-enterprise/reviewing-audit-logs-for-your-enterprise/streaming-the-audit-log-for-your-enterprise#setting-up-audit-log-streaming' detection: selection: action|contains: secret_scanning_push_protection.bypass condition: selection falsepositives: - Allowed administrative activities. level: low
Query: alert when Detects a ping command that uses a hex encoded IP address
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a ping command that uses a hex encoded IP address. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Ping Hex IP id: 1a0d4aba-7668-4365-9ce4-6d79ab088dfd status: test description: Detects a ping command that uses a hex encoded IP address references: - https://github.com/vysecurity/Aggressor-VYSEC/blob/0d61c80387b9432dab64b8b8a9fb52d20cfef80e/ping.cna - https://twitter.com/vysecurity/status/977198418354491392 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-03-23 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1140 - attack.t1027 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \ping.exe CommandLine|re: 0x[a-fA-F0-9]{8} condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely, because no sane admin pings IP addresses in a hexadecimal form level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating with the loopback address. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: RDP over Reverse SSH Tunnel WFP id: 5bed80b6-b3e8-428e-a3ae-d3c757589e41 status: test description: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating with the loopback address references: - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1096148422984384514 - https://github.com/sbousseaden/EVTX-ATTACK-SAMPLES/blob/44fbe85f72ee91582876b49678f9a26292a155fb/Command%20and%20Control/DE_RDP_Tunnel_5156.evtx author: Samir Bousseaden date: 2019-02-16 modified: 2022-09-02 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1090.001 - attack.t1090.002 - attack.t1021.001 - car.2013-07-002 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 5156 sourceRDP: SourcePort: 3389 DestAddress: - 127.* - ::1 destinationRDP: DestPort: 3389 SourceAddress: - 127.* - ::1 filter_app_container: FilterOrigin: AppContainer Loopback filter_thor: Application|endswith: - \thor.exe - \thor64.exe condition: selection and ( sourceRDP or destinationRDP ) and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Programs that connect locally to the RDP port level: high