alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects instances where an OpenCanary node has been targeted by a NMAP FIN Scan
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects instances where an OpenCanary node has been targeted by a NMAP FIN Scan. Logsource: opencanary / application. Rule: title: OpenCanary - NMAP FIN Scan id: eae8c0c8-e5da-450a-9d7d-66aa56cd26b6 status: experimental description: Detects instances where an OpenCanary node has been targeted by a NMAP FIN Scan references: - https://opencanary.readthedocs.io/en/latest/starting/configuration.html#services-configuration - https://github.com/thinkst/opencanary/blob/a0896adfcaf0328cfd5829fe10d2878c7445138e/opencanary/logger.py#L52 author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) date: 2026-01-06 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1046 logsource: category: application product: opencanary detection: selection: logtype: 5005 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing wh. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Python Function Execution Security Warning Disabled In Excel - Registry id: 17e53739-a1fc-4a62-b1b9-87711c2d5e44 related: - id: 023c654f-8f16-44d9-bb2b-00ff36a62af9 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing when Python functions are about to be executed. Threat actors could run malicious code through the new Microsoft Excel feature that allows Python to run within the spreadsheet. ' references: - https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/data-security-and-python-in-excel-33cc88a4-4a87-485e-9ff9-f35958278327 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), @Kostastsale date: 2024-08-23 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Office\ TargetObject|endswith: \Excel\Security\PythonFunctionWarnings Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-6586
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6586. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. The mDNS module in Huawei WLAN AC6005, AC6605, and ACU2 devices with software before V200R006C00SPC100 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by leveraging failure to restrict processing of mDNS unicast queries to the link local network.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2381. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Information Disclosure Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2382.
Query: exploit Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the administration pages in Kallithea before 0.2.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1864. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the administration pages in Kallithea before 0.2.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) first name or (2) last name user details, or the (3) repository, (4) repository group, or (5) user group description.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4063. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in includes/nsp_search.php in the NewStatPress plugin before 0.9.9 for WordPress allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the where1 parameter in the nsp_search page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Query: exploit Integer underflow in the EVP_DecodeUpdate function in crypto/evp/encode.c in the base64-decoding implementation in OpenSSL before 0.9.8za, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0m, and 1.0.1 before 1.0
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0292. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Integer underflow in the EVP_DecodeUpdate function in crypto/evp/encode.c in the base64-decoding implementation in OpenSSL before 0.9.8za, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0m, and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1h allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted base64 data that triggers a buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1362. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer overflow in the Customize 35mm tab in Two Pilots Exif Pilot 4.7.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in the maker element in an XML file.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2925
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2925. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. The prepend_path function in fs/dcache.c in the Linux kernel before 4.2.4 does not properly handle rename actions inside a bind mount, which allows local users to bypass an intended container protection mechanism by renaming a directory, related to a "double-chroot attack."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4834. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.700000047683716. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Sun Solaris 11.2 allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Utility/Zones.
Query: alert when Identifies IPs performing DNS lookups associated with common Tor proxies.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies IPs performing DNS lookups associated with common Tor proxies.. Logsource: zeek / dns. Rule: title: DNS TOR Proxies id: a8322756-015c-42e7-afb1-436e85ed3ff5 related: - id: b55ca2a3-7cff-4dda-8bdd-c7bfa63bf544 type: similar - id: 8384bd26-bde6-4da9-8e5d-4174a7a47ca2 type: similar status: test description: Identifies IPs performing DNS lookups associated with common Tor proxies. references: - https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/f99542b94afe0ad2f19a82cc08262e7ac8e1428e/Detections/ASimDNS/imDNS_TorProxies.yaml author: Saw Winn Naung , Azure-Sentinel date: 2021-08-15 modified: 2025-09-12 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048 logsource: service: dns product: zeek detection: selection: query|endswith: - .hiddenservice.net - .onion.ca - .onion.cab - .onion.casa - .onion.city - .onion.direct - .onion.dog - .onion.glass - .onion.gq - .onion.guide - .onion.in.net - .onion.ink - .onion.it - .onion.link - .onion.lt - .onion.lu - .onion.ly - .onion.mn - .onion.network - .onion.nu - .onion.pet - .onion.plus - .onion.pt - .onion.pw - .onion.rip - .onion.sh - .onion.si - .onion.to - .onion.top - .onion.ws - .onion - .s1.tor-gateways.de - .s2.tor-gateways.de - .s3.tor-gateways.de - .s4.tor-gateways.de - .s5.tor-gateways.de - .t2w.pw - .tor2web.ae.org - .tor2web.blutmagie.de - .tor2web.com - .tor2web.fi - .tor2web.io - .tor2web.org - .tor2web.xyz - .torlink.co condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential attempts made to set the Directory Services Restore Mode administrator password. The Directory Service. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Password Change on Directory Service Restore Mode (DSRM) Account id: 53ad8e36-f573-46bf-97e4-15ba5bf4bb51 related: - id: b61e87c0-50db-4b2e-8986-6a2be94b33b0 type: similar status: stable description: 'Detects potential attempts made to set the Directory Services Restore Mode administrator password. The Directory Service Restore Mode (DSRM) account is a local administrator account on Domain Controllers. Attackers may change the password in order to obtain persistence. ' references: - https://adsecurity.org/?p=1714 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4794 author: Thomas Patzke date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2020-08-23 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4794 condition: selection falsepositives: - Initial installation of a domain controller. level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0715
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0715. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the administrative web interface in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 11.0(0.98000.225) allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors, aka Bug IDs CSCut33447 and CSCut33608.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1491. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.0. SQL injection vulnerability in the management console in Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager (SEPM) 12.1 before 12.1-RU6-MP1 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4351
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4351. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The Spider Video Player module for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "access Spider Video Player administration" permission to delete arbitrary files via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6423. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The DCERPC Inspection implementation in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 9.4.1 through 9.5.1 allows remote authenticated users to bypass an intended DCERPC-only ACL by sending arbitrary network traffic, aka Bug ID CSCuu67782.
Query: exploit Sandstorm Cap'n Proto before 0.4.1.1 and 0.5.x before 0.5.1.2, when an application invokes the totalSize method on an object reader, allows remote peers to cause a denial of servic
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2313. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 7.5. Sandstorm Cap'n Proto before 0.4.1.1 and 0.5.x before 0.5.1.2, when an application invokes the totalSize method on an object reader, allows remote peers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a crafted small message, which triggers a "tight" for loop. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-2312.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5695. CWE: CWE-400. CVSS: 6.5. Designate 2015.1.0 through 1.0.0.0b1 as packaged in OpenStack Kilo does not enforce RecordSets per domain, and Records per RecordSet quotas when processing an internal zone file transfer, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted resource record set.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6344
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6344. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The web-based GUI in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) CX Context-Aware Security 9.3(4.1.11) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive user information via an unspecified HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuv74105.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1113. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. The Sandbox Profiles component in Apple iOS before 8.3 allows attackers to read the (1) telephone number or (2) e-mail address of a recent contact via a crafted app.
Query: vulnerability: Directory traversal vulnerability in osCommerce Japanese 2.2ms1j-R8 and earlier allows remote authenticated administrators to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2965. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 4.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in osCommerce Japanese 2.2ms1j-R8 and earlier allows remote authenticated administrators to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1195. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. The V2 API in OpenStack Image Registry and Delivery Service (Glance) before 2014.1.4 and 2014.2.x before 2014.2.2 allows remote authenticated users to read or delete arbitrary files via a full pathname in a filesystem: URL in the image location property. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-9493.
Query: adversary uses Network Device Authentication
Matching passage: T1556.004 Network Device Authentication. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices. [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password. The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch. Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password. If so, access is granted. Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: Mandiant - Synful Knock)
Near-miss passage: T1556.007 Hybrid Identity. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may patch, modify, or otherwise backdoor cloud authentication processes that are tied to on-premises user identities in order to bypass typical authentication mechanisms, access credentials, and enable persistent access to accounts. Many organizations maintain hybrid user and device identities that are shared between on-premises and cloud-based environments. These can be maintained in a number of ways. For example, Microsoft Entra ID includes three options for synchronizing identities between Active Directory and Entra ID(Citation: Azure AD Hybrid Identity): * Password Hash Synchronization (PHS), in which a privileged on-premises account synchronizes user password hashes between Active Directory and Entra ID, allowing authentication to Entra ID to take place entirely in the cloud * Pass Through Authentication (PTA), in which Entra ID authentication attempts are forwarded to an on-premises PTA agent, which validates the credentials against Active Directory * Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), in which a trust relationship is established between Active Directory and Entra ID AD FS can also be used with other SaaS and cloud platforms such as AWS and GCP, which will hand off the authentication process to AD FS and receive a token containing the hybrid users’ identity and privileges. By modifying authentication processes tied to hybrid identities, an adversary may be able to establish persistent privileged access to cloud resources. For example, adversaries who compromise an on-premises server running a PTA agent may inject a malicious DLL into the `AzureADConnectAuthenticationAgentService` process that authorizes all attempts to authenticate to Entra ID, as well as records user credentials.(Citation: Azure AD Connect for Read Teamers)(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD On-Prem to Cloud) In environments using AD FS, an adversary may edit the `Microsoft.IdentityServer.Servicehost` configuration file to load a malicious DLL that generates authentication
Query: describe CVE-2015-7621
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7621. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted U3D object, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5586, CVE-2015-6683, CVE-2015-6684, CVE-2015-6687, CVE-2015-6688, CVE-2015-6689, CVE-2015-6690, CVE-2015-6691, CVE-2015-7615, and CVE-2015-7617.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5123. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the BitmapData class in the ActionScript 3 (AS3) implementation in Adobe Flash Player 13.x through 13.0.0.302 on Windows and OS X, 14.x through 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X, 11.x through 11.2.202.481 on Linux, and 12.x through 18.0.0.204 on Linux Chrome installations allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via crafted Flash content that overrides a valueOf function, as exploited in the wild in July 2015.
Query: vulnerability: WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of se
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3737. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7272. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Dell Integrated Remote Access Controller (iDRAC) 6 before 2.80 and 7/8 before 2.21.21.21 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a long SSH username or input.
Query: risk of drivers/usb/serial/whiteheat.c in the Linux kernel before 4.2.4 allows physically proximate attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and OOPS) or possibly h
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5257. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. drivers/usb/serial/whiteheat.c in the Linux kernel before 4.2.4 allows physically proximate attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and OOPS) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted USB device. NOTE: this ID was incorrectly used for an Apache Cordova issue that has the correct ID of CVE-2015-8320.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6470. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.5. Resource Data Management Data Manager before 2.2 allows remote authenticated users to modify arbitrary passwords via unspecified vectors.
Query: how to detect Remote Data Staging
Matching passage: T1074.002 Remote Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage data collected from multiple systems in a central location or directory on one system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) By staging data on one system prior to Exfiltration, adversaries can minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.
Near-miss passage: T1074.001 Local Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)
Query: indicators of Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol
Matching passage: T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Near-miss passage: T1048.002 Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin. Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.
Query: reconnaissance using Determine Physical Locations
Matching passage: T1591.001 Determine Physical Locations. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).
Near-miss passage: T1591.003 Identify Business Tempo. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week. This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim’s hardware and software resources. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199))