alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: playbook for alert: Multiple failed authentications followed by Pre-OS Boot
Matching passage: Playbook for T1542 Pre-OS Boot. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1542. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth, persistence. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system. During the booting process of a computer, firmware and various startup services are loaded before the operating system. These programs control flow of execution before the operating system takes control.(Citation: Wikipedia Booting) Adversaries may overwrite data in boot drivers or firmware such as BIOS (Ba
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1542.004 ROMMONkit. Different response path focused on stealth, persistence.
Query: vulnerability: Kerberos in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Wi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6095. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Kerberos in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 mishandles password changes, which allows physically proximate attackers to bypass authentication, and conduct decryption attacks against certain BitLocker configurations, by connecting to an unintended Key Distribution Center (KDC), aka "Windows Kerberos Security Feature Bypass."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8675. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 6.199999809265137. Huawei S5300 Campus Series switches with software before V200R005SPH008 do not mask the password when uploading files, which allows physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive password information by reading the display.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5445
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5445. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in HP StoreOnce Backup system software before 3.13.1 allows remote authenticated users to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5483. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Private Only plugin 3.5.1 for WordPress allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) add users, (2) delete posts, or (3) modify PHP files via unspecified vectors, or (4) conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the po_logo parameter in the privateonly.php page to wp-admin/options-general.php.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0831
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0831. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the mozilla::dom::IndexedDB::IDBObjectStore::CreateIndex function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.5, and Thunderbird before 31.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via crafted content that is improperly handled during IndexedDB index creation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0350. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0347, CVE-2015-0352, CVE-2015-0353, CVE-2015-0354, CVE-2015-0355, CVE-2015-0360, CVE-2015-3038, CVE-2015-3041, CVE-2015-3042, and CVE-2015-3043.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3102. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X and Android, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X allow remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3098 and CVE-2015-3099.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6276. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco TelePresence IX5000 8.0.3 stores a private key associated with an X.509 certificate under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to obtain cleartext versions of HTTPS traffic or spoof devices via a direct request to the certificate directory, aka Bug ID CSCuu63501.
Query: vulnerability: The System Library in VCE Vision Intelligent Operations before 2.6.5 does not properly implement cryptography, which makes it easier for local users to discover credentials by leve
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4056. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 6.699999809265137. The System Library in VCE Vision Intelligent Operations before 2.6.5 does not properly implement cryptography, which makes it easier for local users to discover credentials by leveraging administrative access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2902. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. HP ArcSight SmartConnectors before 7.1.6 do not verify X.509 certificates from Logger devices, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof devices and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Query: risk of Cisco IOS XE before 2.2.3 on ASR 1000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted IPv4 UDP packet, aka Bug ID CSC
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6268. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE before 2.2.3 on ASR 1000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted IPv4 UDP packet, aka Bug ID CSCsw95482.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8230. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. Memory leak in Huawei eSpace 8950 IP phones with software before V200R003C00SPC300 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and restart) via a large number of crafted ARP packets.
Query: vulnerability: Stack-based buffer overflow in the catopen function in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) before 2.23 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (applicati
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8779. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the catopen function in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) before 2.23 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a long catalog name.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5868. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5896 and CVE-2015-5903.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8596
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8596. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, validation of buffer lengths is missing in malware protection.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1345. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The bmexec_trans function in kwset.c in grep 2.19 through 2.21 allows local users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap read and crash) via crafted input when using the -F option.
Query: write Sigma for Detects files with specially crafted filenames that embed Base64-encoded bash payloads designed to execute when processe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects files with specially crafted filenames that embed Base64-encoded bash payloads designed to execute when processe. Logsource: linux / file_event. Rule: title: Suspicious Filename with Embedded Base64 Commands id: 179b3686-6271-4d87-807d-17d843a8af73 status: experimental description: 'Detects files with specially crafted filenames that embed Base64-encoded bash payloads designed to execute when processed by shell scripts. These filenames exploit shell interpretation quirks to trigger hidden commands, a technique observed in VShell malware campaigns. ' references: - https://www.trellix.com/blogs/research/the-silent-fileless-threat-of-vshell/ author: '@kostastsale' date: 2025-11-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.004 - attack.t1027 logsource: product: linux category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: - '{echo' - '{base64,-d}' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate files with similar naming patterns (very unlikely). level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them.. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Keylogging id: 34f90d3c-c297-49e9-b26d-911b05a4866c status: test description: Adversaries may log user keystrokes to intercept credentials as the user types them. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1218/T1218.md - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1056.001/src/Get-Keystrokes.ps1 author: frack113 date: 2021-07-30 modified: 2022-07-11 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.collection - attack.t1056.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_basic: ScriptBlockText|contains: Get-Keystrokes selection_high: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - Get-ProcAddress user32.dll GetAsyncKeyState - Get-ProcAddress user32.dll GetForegroundWindow condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: alert when Detects modification to the "Default" value of the "MyComputer" key and subkeys to point to a custom binary that will be
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification to the "Default" value of the "MyComputer" key and subkeys to point to a custom binary that will be. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via MyComputer Registry Keys id: 8fbe98a8-8f9d-44f8-aa71-8c572e29ef06 status: test description: Detects modification to the "Default" value of the "MyComputer" key and subkeys to point to a custom binary that will be launched whenever the associated action is executed (see reference section for example) references: - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2017/01/18/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-55/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-09 modified: 2024-01-11 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\MyComputer TargetObject|endswith: (Default) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely but if you experience FPs add specific processes and locations you would like to monitor for level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the usage of tooling to sniff network traffic. An adversary may place a network interface into promiscuous mode. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Network Sniffing - MacOs id: adc9bcc4-c39c-4f6b-a711-1884017bf043 status: test description: 'Detects the usage of tooling to sniff network traffic. An adversary may place a network interface into promiscuous mode to passively access data in transit over the network, or use span ports to capture a larger amount of data. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1040/T1040.md author: Alejandro Ortuno, oscd.community date: 2020-10-14 modified: 2022-11-26 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.credential-access - attack.t1040 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: Image|endswith: - /tcpdump - /tshark condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: informational
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by One-Way Communication
Matching passage: T1102.003 One-Way Communication. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to a compromised system without receiving return output over the Web service channel. Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. Those infected systems may opt to send the output from those commands back over a different C2 channel, including to another distinct Web service. Alternatively, compromised systems may return no output at all in cases where adversaries want to send instructions to systems and do not want a response. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Near-miss passage: T1102.002 Bidirectional Communication. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel. Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel. The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized. For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0896
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0896. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in eXtplorer before 2.1.7 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6518. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in phpLiteAdmin 1.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) PATH_INFO, (2) droptable parameter, or (3) table parameter to phpliteadmin.php.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1052
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1052. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the poll archive in PHPKIT 1.6.6 (Build 160014) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the result parameter to upload_files/pk/include.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5488. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the MailChimp Signup submodule in the MailChimp module 7.x-3.x before 7.x-3.3 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users with the "administer mailchimp" permission to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Query: adversary uses Cloud Service Dashboard
Matching passage: T1538 Cloud Service Dashboard. Tactics: discovery. Description: An adversary may use a cloud service dashboard GUI with stolen credentials to gain useful information from an operational cloud environment, such as specific services, resources, and features. For example, the GCP Command Center can be used to view all assets, review findings of potential security risks, and run additional queries, such as finding public IP addresses and open ports.(Citation: Google Command Center Dashboard) Depending on the configuration of the environment, an adversary may be able to enumerate more information via the graphical dashboard than an API. This also allows the adversary to gain information without manually making any API requests.
Near-miss passage: T1087.001 Local Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code> on macOS and Linux can list local users and groups.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: id man page)(Citation: groups man page) On Linux, local users can also be enumerated through the use of the <code>/etc/passwd</code> file. On macOS, the <code>dscl . list /Users</code> command can be used to enumerate local accounts. On ESXi servers, the `esxcli system account list` command can list local user accounts.(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects DNS queries for subdomains related to MEGA sharing website
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries for subdomains related to MEGA sharing website. Logsource: windows / dns-client. Rule: title: DNS Query To MEGA Hosting Website - DNS Client id: 66474410-b883-415f-9f8d-75345a0a66a6 related: - id: 613c03ba-0779-4a53-8a1f-47f914a4ded3 type: similar status: test description: Detects DNS queries for subdomains related to MEGA sharing website references: - https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/05/27/detecting-rclone-an-effective-tool-for-exfiltration/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-16 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567.002 logsource: product: windows service: dns-client definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-DNS Client Events/Operational Event Log must be enabled/collected in order to receive the events.' detection: selection: EventID: 3008 QueryName|contains: userstorage.mega.co.nz condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate DNS queries and usage of Mega level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of CleanWipe a tool usually used to delete Symantec antivirus.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - CleanWipe Execution id: f44800ac-38ec-471f-936e-3fa7d9c53100 status: test description: Detects the use of CleanWipe a tool usually used to delete Symantec antivirus. references: - https://github.com/3CORESec/MAL-CL/tree/master/Descriptors/Other/CleanWipe author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-18 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: Image|endswith: \SepRemovalToolNative_x64.exe selection2: Image|endswith: \CATClean.exe CommandLine|contains: --uninstall selection3: Image|endswith: \NetInstaller.exe CommandLine|contains: -r selection4: Image|endswith: \WFPUnins.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - /uninstall - /enterprise condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative use (Should be investigated either way) level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0472
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0472. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via vectors related to PIA Core Technology, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0487.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3218. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The authentication_agent_new function in polkitbackend/polkitbackendinteractiveauthority.c in PolicyKit (aka polkit) before 0.113 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and polkitd daemon crash) by calling RegisterAuthenticationAgent with an invalid object path.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects suspicious command sequence that JexBoss
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious command sequence that JexBoss. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: JexBoss Command Sequence id: 8ec2c8b4-557a-4121-b87c-5dfb3a602fae status: test description: Detects suspicious command sequence that JexBoss references: - https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/AR18-312A author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-08-24 modified: 2025-11-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.004 logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: '|all': - bash -c /bin/bash - '&/dev/tcp/' condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious children spawned via the Windows Terminal application which could be a sign of persistence via Window. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious WindowsTerminal Child Processes id: 8de89e52-f6e1-4b5b-afd1-41ecfa300d48 status: test description: Detects suspicious children spawned via the Windows Terminal application which could be a sign of persistence via WindowsTerminal (see references section) references: - https://persistence-info.github.io/Data/windowsterminalprofile.html - https://twitter.com/nas_bench/status/1550836225652686848 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-25 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.persistence logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: - \WindowsTerminal.exe - \wt.exe selection_susp: - Image|endswith: - \rundll32.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \certutil.exe - \cscript.exe - \wscript.exe - \csc.exe - Image|contains: - C:\Users\Public\ - \Downloads\ - \Desktop\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Windows\TEMP\ - CommandLine|contains: - ' iex ' - ' icm' - Invoke- - 'Import-Module ' - 'ipmo ' - DownloadString( - ' /c ' - ' /k ' - ' /r ' filter_builtin_visual_studio_shell: CommandLine|contains|all: - Import-Module - Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll - Enter-VsDevShell filter_open_settings: CommandLine|contains|all: - \AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_ - \LocalState\settings.json filter_vsdevcmd: CommandLine|contains|all: - C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\ - \Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Other legitimate "Windows Terminal" profiles level: medium
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Maroyaka CGI Maroyaka Image Album allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0892. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Maroyaka CGI Maroyaka Image Album allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3274. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the user_get_user_details function in user/lib.php in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.9, 2.8.x before 2.8.7, and 2.9.x before 2.9.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML by leveraging absence of an external_format_text call in a web service.