alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for DNS activity
Matching passage: T1590.002 DNS. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. DNS MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation: Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records) Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). Adversaries may also use DNS zone transfer (DNS query type AXFR) to collect all records from a misconfigured DNS server.(Citation: Trails-DNS)(Citation: DNS-CISA)(Citation: Alexa-dns)
Near-miss passage: T1590.003 Network Trust Dependencies. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: ATT&CK technique for Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location
Matching passage: T1036.005 Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files, Registry keys, or other resources when naming/placing them. This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: `svchost.exe`). Alternatively, a Windows Registry key may be given a close approximation to a key used by a legitimate program. In containerized environments, a threat actor may create a resource in a trusted namespace or one that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster.(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Backdoor 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1036.006 Space after Filename. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6399
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6399. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Supervisor 1.0.0.0 and 1.0.0.1 in Cisco Integrated Management Controller (IMC) before 2.0(9) allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (IP interface outage) via crafted parameters in an HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuv38286.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1625. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1634.
Query: alert when Detects the execution of TruffleHog, a popular open-source tool used for scanning repositories for secrets and sensitive
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of TruffleHog, a popular open-source tool used for scanning repositories for secrets and sensitive. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: PUA - AWS TruffleHog Execution id: a840e606-7c8c-4684-9bc1-eb6b6155127f status: experimental description: 'Detects the execution of TruffleHog, a popular open-source tool used for scanning repositories for secrets and sensitive information, within an AWS environment. It has been reported to be used by threat actors for credential harvesting. All detections should be investigated to determine if the usage is authorized by security teams or potentially malicious. ' references: - https://github.com/trufflesecurity/trufflehog - https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/tr-crimson-collective-a-new-threat-group-observed-operating-in-the-cloud/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-10-21 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1555 - attack.t1003 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: userAgent: TruffleHog condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of TruffleHog by security teams for credential scanning. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission gr. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: AD Groups Or Users Enumeration Using PowerShell - ScriptBlock id: 88f0884b-331d-403d-a3a1-b668cf035603 status: test description: 'Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1069.002/T1069.002.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-15 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1069.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: test_2: ScriptBlockText|contains: get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership test_7: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - get-aduser - '-f ' - '-pr ' - DoesNotRequirePreAuth condition: 1 of test_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: vulnerability: Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3088. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2278. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. The LZH decompression implementation (CsObjectInt::BuildHufTree function in vpa108csulzh.cpp) in SAP MaxDB 7.5 and 7.6, Netweaver Application Server ABAP, Netweaver Application Server Java, Netweaver RFC SDK, GUI, RFC SDK, SAPCAR archive tool, and other products allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via unspecified vectors, related to look-ups of non-simple codes, aka SAP Security Note 2124806, 2121661, 2127995, and 2125316.
Query: detect Detects usage of OpenConsole binary as a LOLBIN to launch other binaries to bypass application Whitelisting in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of OpenConsole binary as a LOLBIN to launch other binaries to bypass application Whitelisting. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Use of OpenConsole id: 814c95cc-8192-4378-a70a-f1aafd877af1 status: test description: Detects usage of OpenConsole binary as a LOLBIN to launch other binaries to bypass application Whitelisting references: - https://twitter.com/nas_bench/status/1537563834478645252 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-16 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: OpenConsole.exe - Image|endswith: \OpenConsole.exe filter: Image|startswith: C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate use by an administrator level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of AppleScript of the macOS scripting language AppleScript.. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: MacOS Scripting Interpreter AppleScript id: 1bc2e6c5-0885-472b-bed6-be5ea8eace55 status: test description: Detects execution of AppleScript of the macOS scripting language AppleScript. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1059.002/T1059.002.md - https://redcanary.com/blog/applescript/ author: Alejandro Ortuno, oscd.community date: 2020-10-21 modified: 2026-05-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection: Image|endswith: /osascript CommandLine|contains: - ' -e ' - .scpt - .js filter_optional_opencode: ParentImage|endswith: opencode CommandLine|contains|all: - osascript - ' -e ' - set imageData to the clipboard - set fileRef condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Application installers might contain scripts as part of the installation process. level: medium
Query: how to detect Elevated Execution with Prompt
Matching passage: T1548.004 Elevated Execution with Prompt. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges. Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: OSX Coldroot RAT) This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)
Near-miss passage: T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions. Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)(Citation: sudo man page 2018) An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)
Query: vulnerability: The exception handling mechanism in the CLI Module in Huawei eSpace U1910, U1911, U1930, U1960, U1980, and U1981 unified gateways with software before V100R001C20SPH605 allows remo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7845. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The exception handling mechanism in the CLI Module in Huawei eSpace U1910, U1911, U1930, U1960, U1980, and U1981 unified gateways with software before V100R001C20SPH605 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CLI outage) via crafted SSH packets.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5606. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Vordel XML Gateway (acquired by Axway) version 7.2.2 could allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a specially crafted request.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Portal 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF19 and 8.5.0 through CF08 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7413. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Portal 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF19 and 8.5.0 through CF08 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8797. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in webapp/web/js/scripts/plugins.js in the stats page in the Admin UI in Apache Solr before 5.3.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the entry parameter to a plugins/cache URI.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4252
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4252. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability on Cisco TelePresence ISDN Gateway devices with software 2.2(1.106) allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCuu90724.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8536. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. MITRE is populating this ID because it was assigned prior to Lenovo becoming a CNA. A vulnerability was discovered (fixed and publicly disclosed in 2015) in Lenovo Solution Center (LSC) prior to version 3.3.002 that could allow cross-site request forgery.
Query: risk of Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Paid Memberships Pro (PMPro) plugin before 1.8.4.3 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5532. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Paid Memberships Pro (PMPro) plugin before 1.8.4.3 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) s parameter to membershiplevels.php, (2) memberslist.php, or (3) orders.php in adminpages/ or the (4) edit parameter to adminpages/membershiplevels.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10089. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in flame.js. This affects an unknown part. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The patch is named e6c49b5f6179e31a534b7c3264e1d36aa99728ac. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-222291.
Query: actor TTPs: Cloud API
Matching passage: T1059.009 Cloud API. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.
Near-miss passage: T1059.003 Windows Command Shell. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows) Batch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads. Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous befo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4445. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4435, CVE-2015-4438, CVE-2015-4441, CVE-2015-4447, CVE-2015-4451, CVE-2015-4452, CVE-2015-5085, and CVE-2015-5086.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0388. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1 and 8.2.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Portal Framework, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0417.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the creation of a named pipe as used by CobaltStrike
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a named pipe as used by CobaltStrike. Logsource: windows / pipe_created. Rule: title: CobaltStrike Named Pipe id: d5601f8c-b26f-4ab0-9035-69e11a8d4ad2 related: - id: 85adeb13-4fc9-4e68-8a4a-c7cb2c336eb7 type: similar - id: 0e7163d4-9e19-4fa7-9be6-000c61aad77a type: similar status: test description: Detects the creation of a named pipe as used by CobaltStrike references: - https://twitter.com/d4rksystem/status/1357010969264873472 - https://labs.f-secure.com/blog/detecting-cobalt-strike-default-modules-via-named-pipe-analysis/ - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/253 - https://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2021/02/09/learn-pipe-fitting-for-all-of-your-offense-projects/ - https://redcanary.com/threat-detection-report/threats/cobalt-strike/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Wojciech Lesicki date: 2021-05-25 modified: 2022-10-31 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1055 logsource: product: windows category: pipe_created definition: Note that you have to configure logging for Named Pipe Events in Sysmon config (Event ID 17 and Event ID 18). The basic configuration is in popular sysmon configuration (https://github.com/SwiftOnSecurity/sysmon-config), but it is worth verifying. You can also use other repo, e.g. https://github.com/Neo23x0/sysmon-config, https://github.com/olafhartong/sysmon-modular. How to test detection? You can always use Cobalt Strike, but also you can check powershell script from this site https://svch0st.medium.com/guide-to-named-pipes-and-hunting-for-cobalt-strike-pipes-dc46b2c5f575 detection: selection_MSSE: PipeName|contains|all: - \MSSE- - -server selection_postex: PipeName|startswith: \postex_ selection_status: PipeName|startswith: \status_ selection_msagent: PipeName|startswith: \msagent_ selection_mojo: PipeName|startswith: \mojo_ selection_interprocess: PipeName|startswith: \interprocess_ selection_samr: PipeName|startswith: \samr_ selection_netlogon: PipeName|startswith: \netlogon_ selection_srvsvc: PipeName|startswith: \srvsvc_ selection_lsarpc: PipeName|startswith: \lsarpc_ selection_wkssvc: PipeName|startswith: \wkssvc_ condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the presence of "bpf_probe_write_user" BPF helper-generated warning messages. Which could be a sign of suspiciou. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Potential Suspicious BPF Activity - Linux id: 0fadd880-6af3-4610-b1e5-008dc3a11b8a status: test description: Detects the presence of "bpf_probe_write_user" BPF helper-generated warning messages. Which could be a sign of suspicious eBPF activity on the system. references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/ebpf-malware/ - https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/bpf-helpers.7.html author: Red Canary (idea), Nasreddine Bencherchali date: 2023-01-25 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth logsource: product: linux detection: selection: - bpf_probe_write_user condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high