alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: describe CVE-2015-8222
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8222. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. The lxd-unix.socket systemd unit file in the Ubuntu lxd package before 0.20-0ubuntu4.1 uses world-readable permissions for /var/lib/lxd/unix.socket, which allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2525. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Task Scheduler in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows local users to bypass intended filesystem restrictions and delete arbitrary files via unspecified vectors, aka "Windows Task File Deletion Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: describe CVE-2015-1555
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1555. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. Zend/Session/SessionManager in Zend Framework 2.2.x before 2.2.9, 2.3.x before 2.3.4 allows remote attackers to create valid sessions without using session validators.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7699. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.0. The files_external app in ownCloud Server before 7.0.9, 8.0.x before 8.0.7, and 8.1.x before 8.1.2 allows remote authenticated users to instantiate arbitrary classes and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted mount point option, related to "objectstore."
Query: vulnerability: Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise HCM Candidate Gateway component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 9.1 and 9.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confide
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4738. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise HCM Candidate Gateway component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 9.1 and 9.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4438. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4435, CVE-2015-4441, CVE-2015-4445, CVE-2015-4447, CVE-2015-4451, CVE-2015-4452, CVE-2015-5085, and CVE-2015-5086.
Query: intelligence brief on T1674
Matching passage: T1674 Input Injection. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may simulate keystrokes on a victim’s computer by various means to perform any type of action on behalf of the user, such as launching the command interpreter using keyboard shortcuts, typing an inline script to be executed, or interacting directly with a GUI-based application. These actions can be preprogrammed into adversary tooling or executed through physical devices such as Human Interface Devices (HIDs). For example, adversaries have used tooling that monitors the Windows message loop to detect when a user visits bank-specific URLs. If detected, the tool then simulates keystrokes to open the developer console or select the address bar, pastes malicious JavaScript from the clipboard, and executes it - enabling manipulation of content within the browser, such as replacing bank account numbers during transactions.(Citation: BleepingComputer BackSwap)(Citation: welivesecurity BackSwap) Adversaries have also used malicious USB devices to emulate keystrokes that launch PowerShell, leading to the download and execution of malware from adversary-controlled servers.(Citation: BleepingComputer USB)
Near-miss passage: T1153 Source. Tactics: execution. Description: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.** The <code>source</code> command loads functions into the current shell or executes files in the current context. This built-in command can be run in two different ways <code>source /path/to/filename [arguments]</code> or <code>.**This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.** /path/to/filename [arguments]</code>. Take note of the space after the ".". Without a space, a new shell is created that runs the program instead of running the program within the current context. This is often used to make certain features or functions available to a shell or to update a specific shell's environment.(Citation: Source Manual) Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute programs. The file executed with this technique does not need to be marked executable beforehand.
Query: common weakness: Use of Single-factor Authentication
Matching passage: CWE-308 Use of Single-factor Authentication. The product uses an authentication algorithm that uses a single factor (e.g., a password) in a security context that should require more than one factor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-841 Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow. The product supports a session in which more than one behavior must be performed by an actor, but it does not properly ensure that the actor performs the behaviors in the required sequence.
Query: risk of Integer overflow in the isofs_real_read_zf function in isofs.c in FuseISO 20070708 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have un
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8836. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Integer overflow in the isofs_real_read_zf function in isofs.c in FuseISO 20070708 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a large ZF block size in an ISO file, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2441. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2452.
Query: write Sigma for Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages. Logsource: windows / sysmon_error. Rule: title: Sysmon Configuration Error id: 815cd91b-7dbc-4247-841a-d7dd1392b0a8 status: test description: Detects when an adversary is trying to hide it's action from Sysmon logging based on error messages references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://talesfrominfosec.blogspot.com/2017/12/killing-sysmon-silently.html author: frack113 date: 2021-06-04 modified: 2026-07-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564 logsource: product: windows category: sysmon_error detection: selection_error: Description|contains: - Failed to open service configuration with error - Failed to connect to the driver to update configuration filter_generic_english: Description|contains|all: - Failed to open service configuration with error - 'Last error: The media is write protected.' filter_generic_french: Description|contains|all: - Failed to open service configuration with error - 'Last error: Média protégé en écriture.' filter_by_errorcode: Description|contains: - Failed to open service configuration with error 19 - Failed to open service configuration with error 93 condition: selection_error and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative action level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the initial execution of "cmd.exe" which spawns "explorer.exe" with the appropriate command line arguments for o. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Explorer Folder Opened Using Explorer Folder Shortcut Via Shell id: c3d76afc-93df-461e-8e67-9b2bad3f2ac4 status: test description: 'Detects the initial execution of "cmd.exe" which spawns "explorer.exe" with the appropriate command line arguments for opening the "My Computer" folder. ' author: '@Kostastsale' references: - https://ss64.com/nt/shell.html date: 2022-12-22 modified: 2024-08-23 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1135 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe Image|endswith: \explorer.exe CommandLine|contains: shell:mycomputerfolder condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_explorer_folder_shortcut_via_shell_binary/info.yml
Query: exploit Symantec Encryption Management Server (SEMS) 3.3.2 before MP12 allows local users to obtain root access by modifying a batch file.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8150. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Symantec Encryption Management Server (SEMS) 3.3.2 before MP12 allows local users to obtain root access by modifying a batch file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3028. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.5. McAfee Advanced Threat Defense (MATD) before 3.4.4.63 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended restrictions and change or update configuration settings via crafted parameters.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0836
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0836. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.5, and Thunderbird before 31.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0453. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via vectors related to PORTAL.
Query: actor TTPs: Data Staged
Matching passage: T1074 Data Staged. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.
Near-miss passage: T1074.001 Local Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)
Query: vulnerability: Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Mem
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2441. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2452.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5796. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7447
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7447. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF20, and 8.5.0 before CF09 allows remote attackers to bypass intended Portal AccessControl REST API access restrictions and obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1602. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Siemens SIMATIC STEP 7 (TIA Portal) 12 and 13 before 13 SP1 Upd1 improperly stores password data within project files, which makes it easier for local users to determine cleartext (1) protection-level passwords or (2) web-server passwords by leveraging the ability to read these files.
Query: alert when Detects sign-in with properties that are unfamiliar to the user. The detection considers past sign-in history to look fo
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects sign-in with properties that are unfamiliar to the user. The detection considers past sign-in history to look fo. Logsource: azure / riskdetection. Rule: title: Unfamiliar Sign-In Properties id: 128faeef-79dd-44ca-b43c-a9e236a60f49 status: test description: Detects sign-in with properties that are unfamiliar to the user. The detection considers past sign-in history to look for anomalous sign-ins. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/concept-identity-protection-risks#unfamiliar-sign-in-properties - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#unusual-sign-ins author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access logsource: product: azure service: riskdetection detection: selection: riskEventType: unfamiliarFeatures condition: selection falsepositives: - User changing to a new device, location, browser, etc. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the addition of a new "Allow" firewall rule by the WMI process (WmiPrvSE.EXE). This can occur if an attacker lev. Logsource: windows / firewall-as. Rule: title: New Firewall Rule Added In Windows Firewall Exception List Via WmiPrvSE.EXE id: eca81e8d-09e1-4d04-8614-c91f44fd0519 status: test description: 'Detects the addition of a new "Allow" firewall rule by the WMI process (WmiPrvSE.EXE). This can occur if an attacker leverages PowerShell cmdlets such as "New-NetFirewallRule", or directly uses WMI CIM classes such as "MSFT_NetFirewallRule". ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/atomics/T1562.004/T1562.004.md#atomic-test-24---set-a-firewall-rule-using-new-netfirewallrule - https://malware.news/t/the-rhysida-ransomware-activity-analysis-and-ties-to-vice-society/72170 - https://cybersecuritynews.com/rhysida-ransomware-attacking-windows/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2024-05-10 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: product: windows service: firewall-as detection: selection: EventID: - 2004 - 2071 - 2097 Action: 3 ModifyingApplication|endswith: :\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrator scripts or activity. level: medium
Query: risk of Silicon Integrated Systems WindowsXP Display Manager (aka VGA Driver Manager and VGA Display Manager) 6.14.10.3930 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted (1) 0x9600240
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5465. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Silicon Integrated Systems WindowsXP Display Manager (aka VGA Driver Manager and VGA Display Manager) 6.14.10.3930 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted (1) 0x96002400 or (2) 0x96002404 IOCTL call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2616. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Sun Solaris 3.3 and 4.2 allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to DevFS.
Query: secure coding against Path Equivalence: 'file...name' (Multiple Internal Dot)
Matching passage: CWE-45 Path Equivalence: 'file...name' (Multiple Internal Dot). The product accepts path input in the form of multiple internal dot ('file...dir') without appropriate validation, which can lead to ambiguous path resolution and allow an attacker to traverse the file system to unintended locations or access arbitrary files.
Near-miss passage: CWE-412 Unrestricted Externally Accessible Lock. The product properly checks for the existence of a lock, but the lock can be externally controlled or influenced by an actor that is outside of the intended sphere of control.
Query: detect Ingress Tool Transfer
Matching passage: T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. Tools or files may be copied from an external adversary-controlled system to the victim network through the command and control channel or through alternate protocols such as [ftp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095). Once present, adversaries may also transfer/spread tools between victim devices within a compromised environment (i.e. [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570)). On Windows, adversaries may use various utilities to download tools, such as `copy`, `finger`, [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160), and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands such as <code>IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString()</code> and <code>Invoke-WebRequest</code>. On Linux and macOS systems, a variety of utilities also exist, such as `curl`, `scp`, `sftp`, `tftp`, `rsync`, `finger`, and `wget`.(Citation: t1105_lolbas) A number of these tools, such as `wget`, `curl`, and `scp`, also exist on ESXi. After downloading a file, a threat actor may attempt to verify its integrity by checking its hash value (e.g., via `certutil -hashfile`).(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence COSCMICENERGY 2023) Adversaries may also abuse installers and package managers, such as `yum` or `winget`, to download tools to victim hosts. Adversaries have also abused file application features, such as the Windows `search-ms` protocol handler, to deliver malicious files to victims through remote file searches invoked by [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) (typically after interacting with [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) lures).(Citation: T1105: Trellix_search-ms) Files can also be transferred using various [Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)s as well as native or otherwise present tools on the victim system.(Citation: PTSecurity Cobalt Dec 2016) In some cases, adve
Near-miss passage: T1001.002 Steganography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult. Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems. This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems. In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control.
Query: vulnerability: Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0323. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0327.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3738. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Query: secure coding against Race Condition for Write-Once Attributes
Matching passage: CWE-1223 Race Condition for Write-Once Attributes. A write-once register in hardware design is programmable by an untrusted software component earlier than the trusted software component, resulting in a race condition issue.
Near-miss passage: CWE-234 Failure to Handle Missing Parameter. If too few arguments are sent to a function, the function will still pop the expected number of arguments from the stack. Potentially, a variable number of arguments could be exhausted in a function as well.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8480
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8480. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. The VideoFramePool::PoolImpl::CreateFrame function in media/base/video_frame_pool.cc in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 does not initialize memory for a video-frame data structure, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access) or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging improper interaction with the vp3_h_loop_filter_c function in libavcodec/vp3dsp.c in FFmpeg.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7005. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 9.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-1.
Query: containment actions for Multiple failed authentications followed by Tool
Matching passage: Playbook for T1588.002 Tool. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1588.002. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: resource development. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting. Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). Adversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including t
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1588.006 Vulnerabilities. Different response path focused on resource development.
Query: vulnerability: The RESTWS Basic Auth submodule in the RESTful Web Services module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.5 and 7.x-2.x before 7.x-2.3 for Drupal caches pages for authenticated requests, which allow
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4345. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The RESTWS Basic Auth submodule in the RESTful Web Services module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.5 and 7.x-2.x before 7.x-2.3 for Drupal caches pages for authenticated requests, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7502. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.099999904632568. Red Hat CloudForms 3.2 Management Engine (CFME) 5.4.4 and CloudForms 4.0 Management Engine (CFME) 5.5.0 do not properly encrypt data in the backend PostgreSQL database, which might allow local users to obtain sensitive data and consequently gain privileges by leveraging access to (1) database exports or (2) log files.