alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cisco Unified Intelligence Center 10.6(1) allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSC
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0740. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cisco Unified Intelligence Center 10.6(1) allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCus28826.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6655. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Pligg CMS 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that add an administrator via a request to admin/admin_users.php.
Query: how to detect Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools
Matching passage: T1195.001 Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. Applications often depend on external software to function properly. Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications, such as pip and NPM packages, may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)(Citation: Bitdefender NPM Repositories Compromised 2021)(Citation: MANDVI Malicious npm and PyPI Packages Disguised) This may also include abandoned packages, which in some cases could be re-registered by threat actors after being removed by adversaries.(Citation: The Hacker News PyPi Revival Hijack 2024) Adversaries may also employ "typosquatting" or name-confusion by choosing names similar to existing popular libraries or packages in order to deceive a user.(Citation: Ahmed Backdoors in Python and NPM Packages)(Citation: Meyer PyPI Supply Chain Attack Uncovered)(Citation: Checkmarx-oss-seo) Additionally, CI/CD pipeline components, such as GitHub Actions, may be targeted in order to gain access to the building, testing, and deployment cycles of an application.(Citation: Unit 42 Palo Alto GitHub Actions Supply Chain Attack 2025) By adding malicious code into a GitHub action, a threat actor may be able to collect runtime credentials (e.g., via [Proc Filesystem](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003/007)) or insert further malicious components into the build pipelines for a second-order supply chain compromise.(Citation: OWASP CICD-SEC-4) As GitHub Actions are often dependent on other GitHub Actions, threat actors may be able to infect a large number of repositories via the compromise of a single Action.(Citation: Palo Alto Networks GitHub Actions Worm 2023) Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.
Near-miss passage: T1195.003 Compromise Hardware Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.
Query: risk of 3S-Smart CODESYS Gateway Server before 2.3.9.48 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and daemon crash) via a crafted (1) GET or (2) POST r
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6484. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. 3S-Smart CODESYS Gateway Server before 2.3.9.48 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and daemon crash) via a crafted (1) GET or (2) POST request.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5465. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Silicon Integrated Systems WindowsXP Display Manager (aka VGA Driver Manager and VGA Display Manager) 6.14.10.3930 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted (1) 0x96002400 or (2) 0x96002404 IOCTL call.
Query: EDR alert: possible Service Execution (T1569.002)
Matching passage: T1569.002 Service Execution. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.
Near-miss passage: T1569.001 Launchctl. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs. Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS. Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man) Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s. Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>. Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w "%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)
Query: exploit xmlhttp.php in MyBB (aka MyBulletinBoard) before 1.6.18 and 1.8.x before 1.8.6 and MyBB Merge System before 1.8.6 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8973. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 8.300000190734863. xmlhttp.php in MyBB (aka MyBulletinBoard) before 1.6.18 and 1.8.x before 1.8.6 and MyBB Merge System before 1.8.6 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via vectors related to the forum password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1376. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 4.0. pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress does not validate hostnames, which allows remote authenticated users to write to arbitrary files via an upload URL with a host other than pixabay.com.
Query: what is T1003.006
Matching passage: T1003.006 DCSync. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017) (Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citation: Samba DRSUAPI) (Citation: Wine API samlib.dll) to simulate the replication process from a remote domain controller using a technique called DCSync. Members of the Administrators, Domain Admins, and Enterprise Admin groups or computer accounts on the domain controller are able to run DCSync to pull password data(Citation: ADSecurity Mimikatz DCSync) from Active Directory, which may include current and historical hashes of potentially useful accounts such as KRBTGT and Administrators. The hashes can then in turn be used to create a [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) for use in [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003)(Citation: Harmj0y Mimikatz and DCSync) or change an account's password as noted in [Account Manipulation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098).(Citation: InsiderThreat ChangeNTLM July 2017) DCSync functionality has been included in the "lsadump" module in [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: GitHub Mimikatz lsadump Module) Lsadump also includes NetSync, which performs DCSync over a legacy replication protocol.(Citation: Microsoft NRPC Dec 2017)
Near-miss passage: T1003.008 /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to enable offline password cracking. Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> to store user account information, including password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>. By default, <code>/etc/shadow</code> is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Linux stores user information such as user ID, group ID, home directory path, and login shell in <code>/etc/passwd</code>. A "user" on the system may belong to a person or a service. All password hashes are stored in <code>/etc/shadow</code> - including entries for users with no passwords and users with locked or disabled accounts.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats) Adversaries may attempt to read or dump the <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/shadow</code> files on Linux systems via command line utilities such as the <code>cat</code> command.(Citation: Arctic Wolf) Additionally, the Linux utility <code>unshadow</code> can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper - for example, via the command <code>/usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db</code>(Citation: nixCraft - John the Ripper). Since the user information stored in <code>/etc/passwd</code> are linked to the password hashes in <code>/etc/shadow</code>, an adversary would need to have access to both.
Query: detect Detect set EnableFirewall to 0 to disable the Windows firewall in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect set EnableFirewall to 0 to disable the Windows firewall. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Disable Windows Firewall by Registry id: e78c408a-e2ea-43cd-b5ea-51975cf358c0 status: test description: Detect set EnableFirewall to 0 to disable the Windows firewall references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1562.004/T1562.004.md author: frack113 date: 2022-08-19 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: - \SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\WindowsFirewall\StandardProfile\EnableFirewall - \SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\WindowsFirewall\DomainProfile\EnableFirewall Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files. Timestomping is a technique that m. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Timestomp id: c6438007-e081-42ce-9483-b067fbef33c3 status: test description: 'Adversaries may modify file time attributes to hide new or changes to existing files. Timestomping is a technique that modifies the timestamps of a file (the modify, access, create, and change times), often to mimic files that are in the same folder. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1070.006/T1070.006.md - https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/timestomp/ author: frack113 date: 2021-08-03 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.006 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_ioc: ScriptBlockText|contains: - .CreationTime = - .LastWriteTime = - .LastAccessTime = - '[IO.File]::SetCreationTime' - '[IO.File]::SetLastAccessTime' - '[IO.File]::SetLastWriteTime' condition: selection_ioc falsepositives: - Legitimate admin script level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Buffer overflow in the rx::TextureStorage11 class in ANGLE, as used in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of se
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7198. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer overflow in the rx::TextureStorage11 class in ANGLE, as used in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted texture data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5934. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Audio in Apple OS X before 10.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted audio file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5933.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1000002
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1000002. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 8.199999809265137. Open Proxy in filedownload v1.4 wordpress plugin
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0678. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The virtualization layer in Cisco ASA FirePOWER Software before 5.3.1.2 and 5.4.x before 5.4.0.1 and ASA Context-Aware (CX) Software before 9.3.2.1-9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) by rapidly sending crafted packets to the management interface, aka Bug IDs CSCus11007 and CSCun56954.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0048
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0048. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0028.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1742. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1732, CVE-2015-1747, CVE-2015-1750, and CVE-2015-1753.
Query: vulnerability: mod/forum/post.php in Moodle 2.9.x before 2.9.1 does not consider the mod/forum:canposttomygroups capability before authorizing "Post a copy to all groups" actions, which allows re
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3273. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. mod/forum/post.php in Moodle 2.9.x before 2.9.1 does not consider the mod/forum:canposttomygroups capability before authorizing "Post a copy to all groups" actions, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging per-group authorization.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0059. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted TrueType font, aka "TrueType Font Parsing Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."
Query: alert when Detects the execution of "awk" or it's sibling commands, to invoke a shell using the system() function. This behavior is
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of "awk" or it's sibling commands, to invoke a shell using the system() function. This behavior is. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Invocation of Shell via AWK - Linux id: 8c1a5675-cb85-452f-a298-b01b22a51856 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of "awk" or it''s sibling commands, to invoke a shell using the system() function. This behavior is commonly associated with attempts to execute arbitrary commands or escalate privileges, potentially leading to unauthorized access or further exploitation. ' references: - https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/awk/#shell - https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/gawk/#shell - https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/nawk/#shell - https://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/mawk/#shell author: Li Ling, Andy Parkidomo, Robert Rakowski, Blake Hartstein (Bloomberg L.P.) date: 2024-09-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: - /awk - /gawk - /mawk - /nawk CommandLine|contains: BEGIN {system selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - /bin/bash - /bin/dash - /bin/fish - /bin/sh - /bin/zsh condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a program that invoked suspicious DNS queries known from Cobalt Strike beacons. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: Suspicious Cobalt Strike DNS Beaconing - Sysmon id: f356a9c4-effd-4608-bbf8-408afd5cd006 related: - id: 0d18728b-f5bf-4381-9dcf-915539fff6c2 type: similar status: test description: Detects a program that invoked suspicious DNS queries known from Cobalt Strike beacons references: - https://www.icebrg.io/blog/footprints-of-fin7-tracking-actor-patterns - https://www.sekoia.io/en/hunting-and-detecting-cobalt-strike/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-11-09 modified: 2023-01-16 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.004 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection1: QueryName|startswith: - aaa.stage. - post.1 selection2: QueryName|contains: .stage.123456. condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Query: detect Determine Physical Locations
Matching passage: T1591.001 Determine Physical Locations. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).
Near-miss passage: T1591 Gather Victim Org Information. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7448
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7448. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. SQL injection vulnerability in IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13, 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.9 IFIX003, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.3 IFIX001; Maximo Asset Management 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.9 IFIX003, 7.5.1, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.3 IFIX001 for SmartCloud Control Desk; and Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13 and 7.2 for Tivoli IT Asset Management for IT and certain other products allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1013. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. OSIsoft PI AF 2.6 and 2.7 and PI SQL for AF 2.1.2.19 do not ensure that the PI SQL (AF) Trusted Users group lacks the Everyone account, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended command restrictions via SQL statements.