alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit The choice module in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.11, 2.8.x before 2.8.9, and 2.9.x before 2.9.3 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5342. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The choice module in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.11, 2.8.x before 2.8.9, and 2.9.x before 2.9.3 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by visiting a URL to add or delete responses in the closed state.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1341. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Any Python module in sys.path can be imported if the command line of the process triggering the coredump is Python and the first argument is -m in Apport before 2.19.2 function _python_module_path.
Query: telemetry for T1213.005
Matching passage: T1213.005 Messaging Applications. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage chat and messaging applications, such as Microsoft Teams, Google Chat, and Slack, to mine valuable information. The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on messaging applications: * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Chat Messages](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/008)) * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources * Proprietary data(Citation: Guardian Grand Theft Auto Leak 2022) * Discussions about ongoing incident response efforts(Citation: SC Magazine Ragnar Locker 2021)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) In addition to exfiltrating data from messaging applications, adversaries may leverage data from chat messages in order to improve their targeting - for example, by learning more about an environment or evading ongoing incident response efforts.(Citation: Sentinel Labs NullBulge 2024)(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1213.006 Databases. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information. These databases may be hosted on-premises or in the cloud (both in platform-as-a-service and software-as-a-service environments). Examples of databases from which information may be collected include MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Amazon Relational Database Service, Azure SQL Database, Google Firebase, and Snowflake. Databases may include a variety of information of interest to adversaries, such as usernames, hashed passwords, personally identifiable information, and financial data. Data collected from databases may be used for [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008), [Command and Control](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0011), or [Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0010). Data exfiltrated from databases may also be used to extort victims or may be sold for profit.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence UNC5537 Snowflake 2024)
Query: risk of Untrusted search path vulnerability in the CMainThread::launchDownloader function in vpndownloader.exe in Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 2.0 through 4.1 on Windows allows 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6305. CWE: CWE-426. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Untrusted search path vulnerability in the CMainThread::launchDownloader function in vpndownloader.exe in Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 2.0 through 4.1 on Windows allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in the current working directory, as demonstrated by dbghelp.dll, aka Bug ID CSCuv01279. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-4211.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8264. CWE: CWE-426. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Untrusted search path vulnerability in F-Secure Online Scanner allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code and conduct DLL hijacking attacks via a Trojan horse DLL that is located in the same folder as F-SecureOnlineScanner.exe.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6123
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6123. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Excel for Mac 2011 and Excel 2016 for Mac allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted e-mail message that is mishandled by Outlook for Mac, aka "Microsoft Outlook for Mac Spoofing Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0727. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HTTP module in Cisco Security Manager (CSM) 4.7(0)SP1(1) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCut27789.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Brute Force
Matching passage: T1110 Brute Force. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.(Citation: TrendMicro Pawn Storm Dec 2020) Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism.(Citation: Dragos Crashoverride 2018) Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes. Brute forcing credentials may take place at various points during a breach. For example, adversaries may attempt to brute force access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) within a victim environment leveraging knowledge gathered from other post-compromise behaviors such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087), or [Password Policy Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1201). Adversaries may also combine brute forcing activity with behaviors such as [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) as part of Initial Access. If an adversary guesses the correct password but fails to login to a compromised account due to location-based conditional access policies, they may change their infrastructure until they match the victim’s location and therefore bypass those policies.(Citation: ReliaQuest Health Care Social Engineering Campaign 2024)
Near-miss passage: T1110.002 Password Cracking. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained. [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) can be used to obtain password hashes, this may only get an adversary so far when [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002) is not an option. Further, adversaries may leverage [Data from Configuration Repository](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1602) in order to obtain hashed credentials for network devices.(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) Techniques to systematically guess the passwords used to compute hashes are available, or the adversary may use a pre-computed rainbow table to crack hashes. Cracking hashes is usually done on adversary-controlled systems outside of the target network.(Citation: Wikipedia Password cracking) The resulting plaintext password resulting from a successfully cracked hash may be used to log into systems, resources, and services in which the account has access.
Query: exploit Evergreen before 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.7, and 2.7.x before 2.7.4 allows remote attackers to bypass an intended access restriction and obtain sensitive information about org unit 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2204. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Evergreen before 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.7, and 2.7.x before 2.7.4 allows remote attackers to bypass an intended access restriction and obtain sensitive information about org unit settings by leveraging failure of open-ils.actor.ou_setting.ancestor_default to enforce view_perm when no auth token is provided.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3187. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The svn_repos_trace_node_locations function in Apache Subversion before 1.7.21 and 1.8.x before 1.8.14, when path-based authorization is used, allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive path information by reading the history of a node that has been moved from a hidden path.
Query: actor TTPs: Regsvcs/Regasm
Matching passage: T1218.009 Regsvcs/Regasm. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies. Both are binaries that may be digitally signed by Microsoft. (Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm) Both utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: <code>[ComRegisterFunction]</code> or <code>[ComUnregisterFunction]</code> respectively. The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute. (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm)
Near-miss passage: T1218.003 CMSTP. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse CMSTP to proxy execution of malicious code. The Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer (CMSTP.exe) is a command-line program used to install Connection Manager service profiles. (Citation: Microsoft Connection Manager Oct 2009) CMSTP.exe accepts an installation information file (INF) as a parameter and installs a service profile leveraged for remote access connections. Adversaries may supply CMSTP.exe with INF files infected with malicious commands. (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Usage Jan 2018) Similar to [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010) / ”Squiblydoo”, CMSTP.exe may be abused to load and execute DLLs (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017) and/or COM scriptlets (SCT) from remote servers. (Citation: Twitter CMSTP Jan 2018) (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018) This execution may also bypass AppLocker and other application control defenses since CMSTP.exe is a legitimate binary that may be signed by Microsoft. CMSTP.exe can also be abused to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) and execute arbitrary commands from a malicious INF through an auto-elevated COM interface. (Citation: MSitPros CMSTP Aug 2017) (Citation: GitHub Ultimate AppLocker Bypass List) (Citation: Endurant CMSTP July 2018)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2506
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2506. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. atmfd.dll in the Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (system crash) via a crafted OpenType font, aka "OpenType Font Parsing Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1043. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The Host Guest File System (HGFS) in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.5, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.5, and VMware Fusion 6.x before 6.0.5 and 7.x before 7.0.1 allows guest OS users to cause a guest OS denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Cached Domain Credentials
Matching passage: T1003.005 Cached Domain Credentials. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to access cached domain credentials used to allow authentication to occur in the event a domain controller is unavailable.(Citation: Microsoft - Cached Creds) On Windows Vista and newer, the hash format is DCC2 (Domain Cached Credentials version 2) hash, also known as MS-Cache v2 hash.(Citation: PassLib mscache) The number of default cached credentials varies and can be altered per system. This hash does not allow pass-the-hash style attacks, and instead requires [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to recover the plaintext password.(Citation: ired mscache) On Linux systems, Active Directory credentials can be accessed through caches maintained by software like System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) or Quest Authentication Services (formerly VAS). Cached credential hashes are typically located at `/var/lib/sss/db/cache.[domain].ldb` for SSSD or `/var/opt/quest/vas/authcache/vas_auth.vdb` for Quest. Adversaries can use utilities, such as `tdbdump`, on these database files to dump the cached hashes and use [Password Cracking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/002) to obtain the plaintext password.(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix) With SYSTEM or sudo access, the tools/utilities such as [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002), [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075), and secretsdump.py for Windows or Linikatz for Linux can be used to extract the cached credentials.(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix) Note: Cached credentials for Windows Vista are derived using PBKDF2.(Citation: PassLib mscache)
Near-miss passage: T1003 OS Credential Dumping. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login and credential material, normally in the form of a hash or a clear text password. Credentials can be obtained from OS caches, memory, or structures.(Citation: Brining MimiKatz to Unix) Credentials can then be used to perform [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008) and access restricted information. Several of the tools mentioned in associated sub-techniques may be used by both adversaries and professional security testers. Additional custom tools likely exist as well.
Query: write Sigma for Disables HTTP logging on a Windows IIS web server as seen by Threat Group 3390 (Bronze Union)
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Disables HTTP logging on a Windows IIS web server as seen by Threat Group 3390 (Bronze Union). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Disable Windows IIS HTTP Logging id: e4ed6030-ffe5-4e6a-8a8a-ab3c1ab9d94e status: test description: Disables HTTP logging on a Windows IIS web server as seen by Threat Group 3390 (Bronze Union) references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.002/T1562.002.md#atomic-test-1---disable-windows-iis-http-logging author: frack113 date: 2022-01-09 modified: 2023-01-22 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \appcmd.exe - OriginalFileName: appcmd.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - set - config - section:httplogging - dontLog:true condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects events generated by user-mode applications when they call the CveEventWrite API when a known vulnerability is tr. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: Audit CVE Event id: 48d91a3a-2363-43ba-a456-ca71ac3da5c2 status: test description: 'Detects events generated by user-mode applications when they call the CveEventWrite API when a known vulnerability is trying to be exploited. MS started using this log in Jan. 2020 with CVE-2020-0601 (a Windows CryptoAPI vulnerability. Unfortunately, that is about the only instance of CVEs being written to this log. ' references: - https://twitter.com/VM_vivisector/status/1217190929330655232 - https://twitter.com/DidierStevens/status/1217533958096924676 - https://twitter.com/FlemmingRiis/status/1217147415482060800 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebmW42YYveI - https://nullsec.us/windows-event-log-audit-cve/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Zach Mathis date: 2020-01-15 modified: 2022-10-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1203 - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1068 - attack.t1211 - attack.credential-access - attack.t1212 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1210 - attack.impact - attack.t1499.004 logsource: product: windows service: application detection: selection: Provider_Name: - Microsoft-Windows-Audit-CVE - Audit-CVE EventID: 1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3062
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3062. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass intended restrictions on JavaScript API execution via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3060, CVE-2015-3061, CVE-2015-3063, CVE-2015-3064, CVE-2015-3065, CVE-2015-3066, CVE-2015-3067, CVE-2015-3068, CVE-2015-3069, CVE-2015-3071, CVE-2015-3072, CVE-2015-3073, and CVE-2015-3074.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6984. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. libarchive in Apple OS X before 10.11.1 allows attackers to write to arbitrary files via a crafted app that conducts an unspecified symlink attack.
Query: exploit The sanitize_string function in ZenPhoto before 1.4.9 utilized the html_entity_decode function after input sanitation, which might allow remote attackers to perform a cross-site sc
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5594. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The sanitize_string function in ZenPhoto before 1.4.9 utilized the html_entity_decode function after input sanitation, which might allow remote attackers to perform a cross-site scripting (XSS) via a crafted string.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0343. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in admin/home/homepage/search in the web app in Adobe Connect before 9.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the query parameter.
Query: common weakness: Modules with Circular Dependencies
Matching passage: CWE-1047 Modules with Circular Dependencies. The product contains modules in which one module has references that cycle back to itself, i.e., there are circular dependencies.
Near-miss passage: CWE-672 Operation on a Resource after Expiration or Release. The product uses, accesses, or otherwise operates on a resource after that resource has been expired, released, or revoked.
Query: exploit tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf in systemd before 229 uses weak permissions for /var/log/journal/%m/system.journal, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading the 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8842. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf in systemd before 229 uses weak permissions for /var/log/journal/%m/system.journal, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading the file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6034. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. EPSON Network Utility 4.10 uses weak permissions (Everyone: Full Control) for eEBSVC.exe, which allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse file.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1700
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1700. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.0. Microsoft SharePoint Server 2007 SP3, SharePoint Foundation 2010 SP2, SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, and SharePoint Foundation 2013 SP1 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via crafted page content, aka "Microsoft SharePoint Page Content Vulnerabilities."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4286. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The web framework in Cisco UCS Central Software 1.3(0.99) allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuu41377.
Query: weakness Excessive McCabe Cyclomatic Complexity
Matching passage: CWE-1121 Excessive McCabe Cyclomatic Complexity. The code contains McCabe cyclomatic complexity that exceeds a desirable maximum.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1114 Inappropriate Whitespace Style. The source code contains whitespace that is inconsistent across the code or does not follow expected standards for the product.
Query: risk of Win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Vista SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, as explo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1701. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Vista SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, as exploited in the wild in April 2015, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8437. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the Selection object implementation in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted setFocus call, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: actor TTPs: Mail Protocols
Matching passage: T1071.003 Mail Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with electronic mail delivery to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as SMTP/S, POP3/S, and IMAP that carry electronic mail may be very common in environments. Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Data could also be concealed within the email messages themselves. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: FireEye APT28)
Near-miss passage: T1071.004 DNS. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. The DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.(Citation: PAN DNS Tunneling)(Citation: Medium DnsTunneling) DNS beaconing may be used to send commands to remote systems via DNS queries. A DNS beacon is created by tunneling DNS traffic (i.e. [Protocol Tunneling](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1572)). The commands may be embedded into different DNS records, for example, TXT or A records.(Citation: OilRig Uses Updated BONDUPDATER to Target Middle Eastern Government) DNS beacons may be difficult to detect because the beacons infrequently communicate with infected devices.(Citation: DNS Beacons) Infrequent communication conceals the malicious DNS traffic with normal DNS traffic.