alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Component Firmware
Matching passage: T1542.002 Component Firmware. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems. Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS. This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking. Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks.
Near-miss passage: T1542.005 TFTP Boot. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse netbooting to load an unauthorized network device operating system from a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server. TFTP boot (netbooting) is commonly used by network administrators to load configuration-controlled network device images from a centralized management server. Netbooting is one option in the boot sequence and can be used to centralize, manage, and control device images. Adversaries may manipulate the configuration on the network device specifying use of a malicious TFTP server, which may be used in conjunction with [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) to load a modified image on device startup or reset. The unauthorized image allows adversaries to modify device configuration, add malicious capabilities to the device, and introduce backdoors to maintain control of the network device while minimizing detection through use of a standard functionality. This technique is similar to [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) and may result in the network device running a modified image. (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)
Query: risk of SQLite before 3.8.9, as used in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T, allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 20099586.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6607. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. SQLite before 3.8.9, as used in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T, allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 20099586.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0518. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.0. The Properties service in the D2FS web-service component in EMC Documentum D2 3.1 through SP1, 4.0 and 4.1 before 4.1 P22, and 4.2 before P11 allows remote authenticated users to obtain superuser privileges via an unspecified method call that modifies group permissions.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4241
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4241. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 9.3(2) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (system reload) by sending crafted OSPFv2 packets on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCut52679.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4816. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.44 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : InnoDB.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the malicious use of a control panel item
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the malicious use of a control panel item. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Control Panel Items id: 0ba863e6-def5-4e50-9cea-4dd8c7dc46a4 status: test description: Detects the malicious use of a control panel item references: - https://ired.team/offensive-security/code-execution/code-execution-through-control-panel-add-ins author: Kyaw Min Thein, Furkan Caliskan (@caliskanfurkan_) date: 2020-06-22 modified: 2023-10-11 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.002 - attack.persistence - attack.t1546 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_reg_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_reg_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - add - CurrentVersion\Control Panel\CPLs selection_cpl: CommandLine|endswith: .cpl filter_cpl_sys: CommandLine|contains: - \System32\ - '%System%' - '|C:\Windows\system32|' filter_cpl_igfx: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'regsvr32 ' - ' /s ' - igfxCPL.cpl condition: all of selection_reg_* or (selection_cpl and not 1 of filter_cpl_*) falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects blocked load attempts of revoked drivers. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Blocked Driver Load With Revoked Certificate id: 9b72b82d-f1c5-4632-b589-187159bc6ec1 status: test description: Detects blocked load attempts of revoked drivers references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-tag-explanations - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-06 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543 logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3023 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: secure coding against Improper Handling of Extra Parameters
Matching passage: CWE-235 Improper Handling of Extra Parameters. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when the number of parameters, fields, or arguments with the same name exceeds the expected amount.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1109 Use of Same Variable for Multiple Purposes. The code contains a callable, block, or other code element in which the same variable is used to control more than one unique task or store more than one instance of data.
Query: intelligence brief on T1027.005
Matching passage: T1027.005 Indicator Removal from Tools. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed. They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems. A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software. An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware.
Near-miss passage: T1027.015 Compression. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use compression to obfuscate their payloads or files. Compressed file formats such as ZIP, gzip, 7z, and RAR can compress and archive multiple files together to make it easier and faster to transfer files. In addition to compressing files, adversaries may also compress shellcode directly - for example, in order to store it in a Windows Registry key (i.e., [Fileless Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/011)).(Citation: Trustwave Pillowmint June 2020) In order to further evade detection, adversaries may combine multiple ZIP files into one archive. This process of concatenation creates an archive that appears to be a single archive but in fact contains the central directories of the embedded archives. Some ZIP readers, such as 7zip, may not be able to identify concatenated ZIP files and miss the presence of the malicious payload.(Citation: Perception Point) File archives may be sent as one [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) through email. Adversaries have sent malicious payloads as archived files to encourage the user to interact with and extract the malicious payload onto their system (i.e., [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002)).(Citation: NTT Security Flagpro new December 2021) However, some file compression tools, such as 7zip, can be used to produce self-extracting archives. Adversaries may send self-extracting archives to hide the functionality of their payload and launch it without requiring multiple actions from the user.(Citation: The Hacker News) [Compression](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/015) may be used in combination with [Encrypted/Encoded File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/013) where compressed files are encrypted and password-protected.
Query: how to detect Cloud Service Hijacking
Matching passage: T1496.004 Cloud Service Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage compromised software-as-a-service (SaaS) applications to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact hosted service availability. For example, adversaries may leverage email and messaging services, such as AWS Simple Email Service (SES), AWS Simple Notification Service (SNS), SendGrid, and Twilio, in order to send large quantities of spam / [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) emails and SMS messages.(Citation: Invictus IR DangerDev 2024)(Citation: Permiso SES Abuse 2023)(Citation: SentinelLabs SNS Sender 2024) Alternatively, they may engage in LLMJacking by leveraging reverse proxies to hijack the power of cloud-hosted AI models.(Citation: Sysdig LLMJacking 2024)(Citation: Lacework LLMJacking 2024) In some cases, adversaries may leverage services that the victim is already using. In others, particularly when the service is part of a larger cloud platform, they may first enable the service.(Citation: Sysdig LLMJacking 2024) Leveraging SaaS applications may cause the victim to incur significant financial costs, use up service quotas, and otherwise impact availability.
Near-miss passage: T1496 Resource Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. Resource hijacking may take a number of different forms. For example, adversaries may: * Leverage compute resources in order to mine cryptocurrency * Sell network bandwidth to proxy networks * Generate SMS traffic for profit * Abuse cloud-based messaging services to send large quantities of spam messages In some cases, adversaries may leverage multiple types of Resource Hijacking at once.(Citation: Sysdig Cryptojacking Proxyjacking 2023)
Query: detection rule: Detects known hacktool execution based on image name.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects known hacktool execution based on image name.. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Linux HackTool Execution id: a015e032-146d-4717-8944-7a1884122111 status: test description: Detects known hacktool execution based on image name. references: - https://github.com/Gui774ume/ebpfkit - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf - https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng - https://github.com/t3l3machus/hoaxshell - https://github.com/t3l3machus/Villain - https://github.com/HavocFramework/Havoc - https://github.com/1N3/Sn1per - https://github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin - https://github.com/Pennyw0rth/NetExec/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Georg Lauenstein (sure[secure]) date: 2023-01-03 modified: 2024-09-19 tags: - attack.execution - attack.resource-development - attack.t1587 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection_c2_frameworks: Image|endswith: - /crackmapexec - /havoc - /merlin-agent - /merlinServer-Linux-x64 - /msfconsole - /msfvenom - /ps-empire server - /ps-empire - /sliver-client - /sliver-server - /Villain.py selection_c2_framework_cobaltstrike: Image|contains: - /cobaltstrike - /teamserver selection_scanners: Image|endswith: - /autorecon - /httpx - /legion - /naabu - /netdiscover - /nuclei - /recon-ng selection_scanners_sniper: Image|contains: /sniper selection_web_enum: Image|endswith: - /dirb - /dirbuster - /eyewitness - /feroxbuster - /ffuf - /gobuster - /wfuzz - /whatweb selection_web_vuln: Image|endswith: - /joomscan - /nikto - /wpscan selection_exploit_tools: Image|endswith: - /aircrack-ng - /bloodhound-python - /bpfdos - /ebpfki - /evil-winrm - /hashcat - /hoaxshell.py - /hydra - /john - /ncrack - /nxc-ubuntu-latest - /pidhide - /pspy32 - /pspy32s - /pspy64 - /pspy64s - /setoolkit - /sqlmap - /writeblocker selection_linpeas: Image|contains: /linpeas condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Monitor and alert for users added to device admin roles.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Users Added to Global or Device Admin Roles id: 11c767ae-500b-423b-bae3-b234450736ed status: test description: Monitor and alert for users added to device admin roles. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-devices#device-administrator-roles author: Michael Epping, '@mepples21' date: 2022-06-28 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: Category: RoleManagement OperationName|contains|all: - Add - member to role TargetResources|contains: - 7698a772-787b-4ac8-901f-60d6b08affd2 - 62e90394-69f5-4237-9190-012177145e10 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Sigma rule for Detects PowerShell scripts that contains reference to keystroke capturing functions
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell scripts that contains reference to keystroke capturing functions. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Potential Keylogger Activity id: 965e2db9-eddb-4cf6-a986-7a967df651e4 status: test description: Detects PowerShell scripts that contains reference to keystroke capturing functions references: - https://twitter.com/ScumBots/status/1610626724257046529 - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/d4486b63512755316625230e0c9c81655093be93876e0d80732e7eeaf7d83476/content - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/720a7ee9f2178c70501d7e3f4bcc28a4f456e200486dbd401b25af6da3b4da62/content - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.windows.input.keyboard.iskeydown?view=windowsdesktop-7.0 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-04 tags: - attack.collection - attack.credential-access - attack.t1056.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: '[Windows.Input.Keyboard]::IsKeyDown([System.Windows.Input.Key]::' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the presence of unicode characters which are homoglyphs, or identical in appearance, to ASCII letter characters.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potential Homoglyph Attack Using Lookalike Characters in Filename id: 4f1707b1-b50b-45b4-b5a2-3978b5a5d0d6 status: test description: 'Detects the presence of unicode characters which are homoglyphs, or identical in appearance, to ASCII letter characters. This is used as an obfuscation and masquerading techniques. Only "perfect" homoglyphs are included; these are characters that are indistinguishable from ASCII characters and thus may make excellent candidates for homoglyph attack characters. ' references: - https://redcanary.com/threat-detection-report/threats/socgholish/#threat-socgholish - http://www.irongeek.com/homoglyph-attack-generator.php author: Micah Babinski, @micahbabinski date: 2023-05-08 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1036.003 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection_upper: TargetFilename|contains: - А - В - Е - К - М - Н - О - Р - С - Т - Х - Ѕ - І - Ј - Ү - Ӏ - Ԍ - Ԛ - Ԝ - Α - Β - Ε - Ζ - Η - Ι - Κ - Μ - Ν - Ο - Ρ - Τ - Υ - Χ selection_lower: TargetFilename|contains: - а - е - о - р - с - х - ѕ - і - ӏ - ј - һ - ԁ - ԛ - ԝ - ο condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - File names with legitimate Cyrillic text. Will likely require tuning (or not be usable) in countries where these alphabets are in use. level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3002
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3002. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Juniper Junos 12.1X44 before 12.1X44-D45, 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D30, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D15, and 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D10 on SRX series devices does not properly enforce the log-out-on-disconnect feature when configured in the [system port console] stanza, which allows physically proximate attackers to reconnect to the console port and gain administrative access by leveraging access to the device.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4700. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The bpf_int_jit_compile function in arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c in the Linux kernel before 4.0.6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) by creating a packet filter and then loading crafted BPF instructions that trigger late convergence by the JIT compiler.
Query: SOC runbook when seeing SIEM correlation: stealth activity consistent with Run Virtual Instance
Matching passage: Playbook for T1564.006 Run Virtual Instance. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1564.006. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. A wide variety of virtualization technologies exist that allow for the emulation of a computer or computing environment. By running malicious code inside of a virtual instance, adversaries can hide artifacts associated with their behavior from security tools that are unable to monitor activity inside the vi
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1564.010 Process Argument Spoofing. Different response path focused on stealth.
Query: vulnerability: Stack-based buffer overflow in Hospira Communication Engine (CE) before 1.2 in LifeCare PCA Infusion System 5.07, Plum A+ Infusion System 13.40, and Plum A+3 Infusion System 13.40 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7909. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in Hospira Communication Engine (CE) before 1.2 in LifeCare PCA Infusion System 5.07, Plum A+ Infusion System 13.40, and Plum A+3 Infusion System 13.40 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via traffic on TCP port 5000.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2426. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Buffer underflow in atmfd.dll in the Windows Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted OpenType font, aka "OpenType Font Driver Vulnerability."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3301
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3301. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 4.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the TheCartPress eCommerce Shopping Cart (aka The Professional WordPress eCommerce Plugin) plugin for WordPress before 1.3.9.3 allows remote administrators to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the tcp_box_path parameter in the checkout_editor_settings page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5313. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 2.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the virStorageBackendFileSystemVolCreate function in storage/storage_backend_fs.c in libvirt, when fine-grained Access Control Lists (ACL) are in effect, allows local users with storage_vol:create ACL but not domain:write permission to write to arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in a volume name.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in the msm_set_crop function in drivers/media/video/msm/msm_camera.c in the MSM-Camera driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0568. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the msm_set_crop function in drivers/media/video/msm/msm_camera.c in the MSM-Camera driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via an application that makes a crafted ioctl call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6684. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5586, CVE-2015-6683, CVE-2015-6687, CVE-2015-6688, CVE-2015-6689, CVE-2015-6690, CVE-2015-6691, CVE-2015-7615, CVE-2015-7617, and CVE-2015-7621.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-9020
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9020. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, an untrusted pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the unlocking of memory.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9072. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, an untrusted pointer dereference can occur in a TrustZone syscall.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects cases in which an ISO files is opend within an archiver like 7Zip or Winrar, which is a sign of phishing as thre. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Phishing Pattern ISO in Archive id: fcdf69e5-a3d3-452a-9724-26f2308bf2b1 status: test description: Detects cases in which an ISO files is opend within an archiver like 7Zip or Winrar, which is a sign of phishing as threat actors put small ISO files in archives as email attachments to bypass certain filters and protective measures (mark of web) references: - https://twitter.com/1ZRR4H/status/1534259727059787783 - https://app.any.run/tasks/e1fe6a62-bce8-4323-a49a-63795d9afd5d/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-07 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: - \Winrar.exe - \7zFM.exe - \peazip.exe Image|endswith: - \isoburn.exe - \PowerISO.exe - \ImgBurn.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate cases in which archives contain ISO or IMG files and the user opens the archive and the image via clicking and not extraction level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Wscript/Cscript executing a file with an uncommon (i.e. non-script) extension. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Cscript/Wscript Uncommon Script Extension Execution id: 99b7460d-c9f1-40d7-a316-1f36f61d52ee status: test description: Detects Wscript/Cscript executing a file with an uncommon (i.e. non-script) extension references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-15 modified: 2023-06-19 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1059.007 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: - wscript.exe - cscript.exe - Image|endswith: - \wscript.exe - \cscript.exe selection_extension: CommandLine|contains: - .csv - .dat - .doc - .gif - .jpeg - .jpg - .png - .ppt - .txt - .xls - .xml condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high