alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: actor TTPs: Develop Capabilities
Matching passage: T1587 Develop Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.
Near-miss passage: T1587.003 Digital Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA). Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6152
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6152. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6162.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6093. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Office 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Office 2013 SP1, Office 2013 RT SP1, Office 2016, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2 and 2013 SP1, Office Web Apps 2010 SP2, and Office Web Apps Server 2013 SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: intelligence brief on T1652
Matching passage: T1652 Device Driver Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host. Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape follow-on behaviors, such as the function/purpose of the host, present security tools (i.e. [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) or other defenses (e.g., [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497)), as well as potential exploitable vulnerabilities (e.g., [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)). Many OS utilities may provide information about local device drivers, such as `driverquery.exe` and the `EnumDeviceDrivers()` API function on Windows.(Citation: Microsoft Driverquery)(Citation: Microsoft EnumDeviceDrivers) Information about device drivers (as well as associated services, i.e., [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007)) may also be available in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Registry Drivers) On Linux/macOS, device drivers (in the form of kernel modules) may be visible within `/dev` or using utilities such as `lsmod` and `modinfo`.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)(Citation: lsmod man)(Citation: modinfo man)
Near-miss passage: T1518 Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Such software may be deployed widely across the environment for configuration management or security reasons, such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072), and may allow adversaries broad access to infect devices or move laterally. Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).
Query: detect Detects the use of PowerShell modules and cmdlets to gather local group information. Adversaries may use local system pe in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of PowerShell modules and cmdlets to gather local group information. Adversaries may use local system pe. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Suspicious Get Local Groups Information - PowerShell id: fa6a5a45-3ee2-4529-aa14-ee5edc9e29cb related: - id: cef24b90-dddc-4ae1-a09a-8764872f69fc type: similar status: test description: 'Detects the use of PowerShell modules and cmdlets to gather local group information. Adversaries may use local system permission groups to determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group such as the local administrators group. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1069.001/T1069.001.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-12 modified: 2025-08-22 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1069.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_localgroup: ScriptBlockText|contains: - 'get-localgroup ' - 'get-localgroupmember ' selection_wmi_module: ScriptBlockText|contains: - 'get-wmiobject ' - 'gwmi ' - 'get-ciminstance ' - 'gcim ' selection_wmi_class: ScriptBlockText|contains: win32_group condition: selection_localgroup or all of selection_wmi_* falsepositives: - Inventory scripts or admin tasks level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: An application has been removed. Check if it is critical.. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: Application Uninstalled id: 570ae5ec-33dc-427c-b815-db86228ad43e status: test description: An application has been removed. Check if it is critical. references: - https://github.com/nasbench/EVTX-ETW-Resources/blob/f1b010ce0ee1b71e3024180de1a3e67f99701fe4/ETWProvidersManifests/Windows11/22H2/W11_22H2_Pro_20221220_22621.963/WEPExplorer/Microsoft-Windows-MsiServer.xml - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/event-logging author: frack113 date: 2022-01-28 modified: 2022-09-17 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1489 logsource: product: windows service: application detection: selection: Provider_Name: MsiInstaller EventID: - 1034 - 11724 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: Suspicious Sharepoint execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1213.002 Sharepoint. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage the SharePoint repository as a source to mine valuable information. SharePoint will often contain useful information for an adversary to learn about the structure and functionality of the internal network and systems. For example, the following is a list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on SharePoint: * Policies, procedures, and standards * Physical / logical network diagrams * System architecture diagrams * Technical system documentation * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)) * Work / project schedules * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources
Near-miss passage: T1213.005 Messaging Applications. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage chat and messaging applications, such as Microsoft Teams, Google Chat, and Slack, to mine valuable information. The following is a brief list of example information that may hold potential value to an adversary and may also be found on messaging applications: * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Chat Messages](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/008)) * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources * Proprietary data(Citation: Guardian Grand Theft Auto Leak 2022) * Discussions about ongoing incident response efforts(Citation: SC Magazine Ragnar Locker 2021)(Citation: Microsoft DEV-0537) In addition to exfiltrating data from messaging applications, adversaries may leverage data from chat messages in order to improve their targeting - for example, by learning more about an environment or evading ongoing incident response efforts.(Citation: Sentinel Labs NullBulge 2024)(Citation: Permiso Scattered Spider 2023)
Query: alert when Detects network connections to Visual Studio Code tunnel domains initiated by a process on a system. Attackers can abuse
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects network connections to Visual Studio Code tunnel domains initiated by a process on a system. Attackers can abuse. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Network Connection Initiated To Visual Studio Code Tunnels Domain id: 4b657234-038e-4ad5-997c-4be42340bce4 related: - id: 9501f8e6-8e3d-48fc-a8a6-1089dd5d7ef4 type: similar - id: b3e6418f-7c7a-4fad-993a-93b65027a9f1 type: similar - id: 1cb0c6ce-3d00-44fc-ab9c-6d6d577bf20b type: similar status: test description: 'Detects network connections to Visual Studio Code tunnel domains initiated by a process on a system. Attackers can abuse that feature to establish a reverse shell or persistence on a machine. ' references: - https://ipfyx.fr/post/visual-studio-code-tunnel/ - https://badoption.eu/blog/2023/01/31/code_c2.html - https://cydefops.com/vscode-data-exfiltration author: Kamran Saifullah date: 2023-11-20 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1567 - attack.t1572 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Initiated: 'true' DestinationHostname|endswith: .tunnels.api.visualstudio.com condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of Visual Studio Code tunnel will also trigger this. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Google Workspace login activity that's classified as suspicious by Google.. Logsource: gcp / google_workspace.login. Rule: title: Suspicious Login Activity Classified By Google id: 38360161-76c4-4283-842e-efcf997dafc8 status: experimental description: Detects Google Workspace login activity that's classified as suspicious by Google. references: - https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/audit/gsuite-audit-logging - https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/audit/understanding-audit-logs - https://developers.google.com/workspace/admin/reports/v1/appendix/activity/login#suspicious_login - https://developers.google.com/workspace/admin/reports/v1/appendix/activity/login#suspicious_login_less_secure_app - https://developers.google.com/workspace/admin/reports/v1/appendix/activity/login#suspicious_programmatic_login author: Tom Kluter date: 2026-04-28 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: gcp service: google_workspace.login detection: selection: protoPayload.Servicename: login.googleapis.com protoPayload.metadata.event.eventName: - suspicious_login_less_secure_app - suspicious_login - suspicious_programmatic_login condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate logins level: medium
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Windows Host Firewall
Matching passage: T1686.003 Windows Host Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify the Windows host firewall to bypass controls limiting network usage. This can include disabling the Windows host firewall entirely, suppressing specific profiles (domain, private, public), or adding, deleting, and modifying firewall rules to allow or restrict traffic.(Citation: Nearest Neighbor Volexity) Adversaries may perform these modifications through multiple mechanisms depending on the Windows operating system and access level. For example, adversaries may use command-line utilities (e.g., `netsh advfirewall` or PowerShell cmdlets like `Set-NetFirewallProfile`, `New-NetFirewallRule`), Windows Registry modifications (e.g., altering firewall states and rule configurations via registry keys), or the Windows Control Panel to modify firewall settings through the Windows Security interface. By disabling or modifying Windows firewall services, adversaries may enable access to remote services, open ports for command and control traffic, or configure rules for further actions.
Near-miss passage: T1686 Disable or Modify System Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify host-based or network firewalls to impair defensive mechanisms and enable further action. Once an adversary has gathered sufficient privileges, they can tamper with firewall services, policies, or rule sets to remove restrictions on inbound or outbound traffic. For example, this may include turning off firewall profiles, altering existing rules to permit previously blocked ports or protocols, or adding new rules that create covert communication paths (e.g., adding a new firewall rule for a well-known protocol (such as RDP) using a non-traditional and potentially less securitized port.(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti) Adversaries may disable or modify firewalls using different behaviors, depending on the platform. For example, in ESXi, firewall rules may be modified directly via the esxcli (e.g., via esxcli network firewall set) or via the vCenter user interface.(Citation: Broadcom ESXi Firewall)(Citation: Trellix Rnasomhouse 2024)
Query: vulnerability: libutils in Android through 5.1.1 LMY48M allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted metadata in a (1) MP3 or (2) MP4 file, as demonstrated by an attack against u
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6602. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. libutils in Android through 5.1.1 LMY48M allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted metadata in a (1) MP3 or (2) MP4 file, as demonstrated by an attack against use of libutils by libstagefright in Android 5.x.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0980. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.0. Format string vulnerability in BACnOPCServer.exe in the SOAP web interface in SCADA Engine BACnet OPC Server before 2.1.371.24 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers in a request.
Query: risk of Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or caus
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0354. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0347, CVE-2015-0350, CVE-2015-0352, CVE-2015-0353, CVE-2015-0355, CVE-2015-0360, CVE-2015-3038, CVE-2015-3041, CVE-2015-3042, and CVE-2015-3043.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8812. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. drivers/infiniband/hw/cxgb3/iwch_cm.c in the Linux kernel before 4.5 does not properly identify error conditions, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) via crafted packets.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0311
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0311. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player through 13.0.0.262 and 14.x, 15.x, and 16.x through 16.0.0.287 on Windows and OS X and through 11.2.202.438 on Linux allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors, as exploited in the wild in January 2015.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8058. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3310
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3310. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Buffer overflow in the rc_mksid function in plugins/radius/util.c in Paul's PPP Package (ppp) 2.4.6 and earlier, when the PID for pppd is greater than 65535, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a start accounting message to the RADIUS server.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7986. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The index server (hdbindexserver) in SAP HANA 1.00.095 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via an HTTP request, aka SAP Security Note 2197428.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects non-sysinternals tools setting the "accepteula" key which normally is set on sysinternals tool execution
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects non-sysinternals tools setting the "accepteula" key which normally is set on sysinternals tool execution. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Usage of Renamed Sysinternals Tools - RegistrySet id: 8023f872-3f1d-4301-a384-801889917ab4 related: - id: 25ffa65d-76d8-4da5-a832-3f2b0136e133 type: derived - id: f50f3c09-557d-492d-81db-9064a8d4e211 type: similar status: test description: Detects non-sysinternals tools setting the "accepteula" key which normally is set on sysinternals tool execution references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-24 modified: 2026-06-29 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1588.002 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \PsExec - \ProcDump - \Handle - \LiveKd - \Process Explorer - \PsLoglist - \PsPasswd - \Active Directory Explorer TargetObject|endswith: \EulaAccepted filter_main_image_names: Image|endswith: - \PsExec.exe - \PsExec64.exe - \PsExec64a.exe - \procdump.exe - \procdump64.exe - \procdump64a.exe - \handle.exe - \handle64.exe - \handle64a.exe - \livekd.exe - \livekd64.exe - \procexp.exe - \procexp64.exe - \procexp64a.exe - \psloglist.exe - \psloglist64.exe - \psloglist64a.exe - \pspasswd.exe - \pspasswd64.exe - \pspasswd64a.exe - \ADExplorer.exe - \ADExplorer64.exe - \ADExplorer64a.exe filter_optional_null: Image: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: The Devtoolslauncher.exe executes other binary. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Devtoolslauncher.exe Executes Specified Binary id: cc268ac1-42d9-40fd-9ed3-8c4e1a5b87e6 status: test description: The Devtoolslauncher.exe executes other binary references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Devtoolslauncher/ - https://twitter.com/_felamos/status/1179811992841797632 author: Beyu Denis, oscd.community (rule), @_felamos (idea) date: 2019-10-12 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \devtoolslauncher.exe CommandLine|contains: LaunchForDeploy condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of devtoolslauncher.exe by legitimate user level: high
Query: exploit GE Digital Energy MDS PulseNET and MDS PulseNET Enterprise before 3.1.5 have hardcoded credentials for a support account, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative acc
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6456. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.0. GE Digital Energy MDS PulseNET and MDS PulseNET Enterprise before 3.1.5 have hardcoded credentials for a support account, which allows remote attackers to obtain administrative access, and consequently execute arbitrary code, by leveraging knowledge of the password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3047. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in file_to_index.php in Maarch LetterBox 2.8 and earlier and GEC/GED 1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1587. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in file_to_index.php in Maarch LetterBox 2.8 and earlier and GEC/GED 1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a PHP extension, then accessing it via a request to a predictable filename in tmp/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3121. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3119, CVE-2015-3120, CVE-2015-3122, and CVE-2015-4433.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1914
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1914. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. IBM Java 7 R1 before SR3, 7 before SR9, 6 R1 before SR8 FP4, 6 before SR16 FP4, and 5.0 before SR16 FP10 allows remote attackers to bypass "permission checks" and obtain sensitive information via vectors related to the Java Virtual Machine.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3340. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.9000000953674316. Xen 4.2.x through 4.5.x does not initialize certain fields, which allows certain remote service domains to obtain sensitive information from memory via a (1) XEN_DOMCTL_gettscinfo or (2) XEN_SYSCTL_getdomaininfolist request.