alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit TPInt.dll in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.6 and 11.x before 11.1.1, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.6 and 7.x before 7.1.1, and VMware Horizon Client 3.2.x before 3.2.1, 3.3.x,
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2337. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. TPInt.dll in VMware Workstation 10.x before 10.0.6 and 11.x before 11.1.1, VMware Player 6.x before 6.0.6 and 7.x before 7.1.1, and VMware Horizon Client 3.2.x before 3.2.1, 3.3.x, and 5.x local-mode before 5.4.2 on Windows does not properly allocate memory, which allows guest OS users to execute arbitrary code on the host OS via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4317. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway X8.5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via invalid variables in an authentication packet, aka Bug ID CSCuv40469.
Query: secure coding against Selection of Less-Secure Algorithm During Negotiation ('Algorithm Downgrade')
Matching passage: CWE-757 Selection of Less-Secure Algorithm During Negotiation ('Algorithm Downgrade'). A protocol or its implementation supports interaction between multiple actors and allows those actors to negotiate which algorithm should be used as a protection mechanism such as encryption or authentication, but it does not select the strongest algorithm that is available to both parties.
Near-miss passage: CWE-220 Storage of File With Sensitive Data Under FTP Root. The product stores sensitive data under the FTP server root with insufficient access control, which might make it accessible to untrusted parties.
Query: secure coding against Use of umask() with chmod-style Argument
Matching passage: CWE-560 Use of umask() with chmod-style Argument. The product calls umask() with an incorrect argument that is specified as if it is an argument to chmod().
Near-miss passage: CWE-93 Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection'). The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feeds) as a special element, e.g. to separate lines or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.
Query: risk of EMC Secure Remote Services Virtual Edition (ESRS VE) 3.x before 3.06 does not properly generate random values for session cookies, which makes it easier for remote attackers to hij
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0544. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. EMC Secure Remote Services Virtual Edition (ESRS VE) 3.x before 3.06 does not properly generate random values for session cookies, which makes it easier for remote attackers to hijack sessions by predicting a value.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2014. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the web server in IBM Domino 8.5 before 8.5.3 FP6 IF9 and 9.0 before 9.0.1 FP4 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks or cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a crafted URL, aka SPR SJAR9DNGDA.
Query: detection engineering for SSH
Matching passage: T1021.004 SSH. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers. Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it. On ESXi, SSH can be enabled either directly on the host (e.g., via `vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh`) or via vCenter.(Citation: Sygnia ESXi Ransomware 2025)(Citation: TrendMicro ESXI Ransomware)(Citation: Sygnia Abyss Locker 2025) The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password. In this authentication scenario, the user’s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user (i.e., [SSH Authorized Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/004)).
Near-miss passage: T1021.008 Direct Cloud VM Connections. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may leverage [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log directly into accessible cloud hosted compute infrastructure through cloud native methods. Many cloud providers offer interactive connections to virtual infrastructure that can be accessed through the [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009), such as Azure Serial Console(Citation: Azure Serial Console), AWS EC2 Instance Connect(Citation: EC2 Instance Connect)(Citation: lucr-3: Getting SaaS-y in the cloud), and AWS System Manager.(Citation: AWS System Manager). Methods of authentication for these connections can include passwords, application access tokens, or SSH keys. These cloud native methods may, by default, allow for privileged access on the host with SYSTEM or root level access. Adversaries may utilize these cloud native methods to directly access virtual infrastructure and pivot through an environment.(Citation: SIM Swapping and Abuse of the Microsoft Azure Serial Console) These connections typically provide direct console access to the VM rather than the execution of scripts (i.e., [Cloud Administration Command](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1651)).
Query: Suspicious Login Hook execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1037.002 Login Hook. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon. A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon. The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility. This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout. All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev) Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair. The malicious script is executed upon the next user login. If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook. There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation: Wardle Persistence Chapter) **Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)
Near-miss passage: T1037 Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use scripts automatically executed at boot or logon initialization to establish persistence.(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Eye Spy Email Nov 22)(Citation: Anomali Rocke March 2019) Initialization scripts can be used to perform administrative functions, which may often execute other programs or send information to an internal logging server. These scripts can vary based on operating system and whether applied locally or remotely. Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a single system. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary. An adversary may also be able to escalate their privileges since some boot or logon initialization scripts run with higher privileges.
Query: weakness Parent Class with a Virtual Destructor and a Child Class without a Virtual Destructor
Matching passage: CWE-1045 Parent Class with a Virtual Destructor and a Child Class without a Virtual Destructor. A parent class has a virtual destructor method, but the parent has a child class that does not have a virtual destructor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-656 Reliance on Security Through Obscurity. The product uses a protection mechanism whose strength depends heavily on its obscurity, such that knowledge of its algorithms or key data is sufficient to defeat the mechanism.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2885
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2885. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Lens Peek-a-View has a password of 2601hx for the backdoor admin account, a password of user for the backdoor user account, and a password of guest for the backdoor guest account.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7246. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. D-Link DVG-N5402SP with firmware W1000CN-00, W1000CN-03, or W2000EN-00 has a default password of root for the root account and tw for the tw account, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain administrative access.
Query: rule covering Detects juniper BGP missing MD5 digest. Which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects juniper BGP missing MD5 digest. Which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing.. Logsource: juniper / bgp. Rule: title: Juniper BGP Missing MD5 id: a7c0ae48-8df8-42bf-91bd-2ea57e2f9d43 status: test description: Detects juniper BGP missing MD5 digest. Which may be indicative of brute force attacks to manipulate routing. references: - https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-usa-03/bh-us-03-convery-franz-v3.pdf author: Tim Brown date: 2023-01-09 modified: 2023-01-23 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.credential-access - attack.collection - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.t1110 - attack.t1557 logsource: product: juniper service: bgp definition: 'Requirements: juniper bgp logs need to be enabled and ingested' detection: keywords_bgp_juniper: '|all': - :179 - missing MD5 digest condition: keywords_bgp_juniper falsepositives: - Unlikely. Except due to misconfigurations level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects scripts or commands that disabled the Powershell command history by removing psreadline module. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Disable Powershell Command History id: 602f5669-6927-4688-84db-0d4b7afb2150 status: test description: Detects scripts or commands that disabled the Powershell command history by removing psreadline module references: - https://twitter.com/DissectMalware/status/1062879286749773824 author: Ali Alwashali date: 2022-08-21 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.003 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - Remove-Module - psreadline condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate script that disables the command history level: high
Query: risk of CSL DualCom GPRS CS2300-R devices with firmware 1.25 through 3.53 use the same 001984 default PIN across different customers' installations, which allows remote attackers to execut
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7287. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 7.5. CSL DualCom GPRS CS2300-R devices with firmware 1.25 through 3.53 use the same 001984 default PIN across different customers' installations, which allows remote attackers to execute commands by leveraging knowledge of this PIN and including it in an SMS message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3957. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Hospira LifeCare PCA Infusion System before 7.0 stores private keys and certificates, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Query: detect Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "system" flag in order to retrieve information about the different co in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "system" flag in order to retrieve information about the different co. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: ESXi System Information Discovery Via ESXCLI id: e80273e1-9faf-40bc-bd85-dbaff104c4e9 status: test description: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "system" flag in order to retrieve information about the different component of the system. Such as accounts, modules, NTP, etc. references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/hypervisor-jackpotting-ecrime-actors-increase-targeting-of-esxi-servers/ - https://developer.broadcom.com/xapis/esxcli-command-reference/7.0.0/namespace/esxcli_system.html author: Cedric Maurugeon date: 2023-09-04 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.execution - attack.t1033 - attack.t1007 - attack.t1059.012 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: /esxcli CommandLine|contains: system selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - ' get' - ' list' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Monitors for the hiding possible malicious files in the C:\Windows\Fonts\ location. This folder doesn't require admin pr. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Writing Of Malicious Files To The Fonts Folder id: ae9b0bd7-8888-4606-b444-0ed7410cb728 status: test description: Monitors for the hiding possible malicious files in the C:\Windows\Fonts\ location. This folder doesn't require admin privillege to be written and executed from. references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2020/04/20/sqlserver-or-the-miner-in-the-basement/ author: Sreeman date: 2020-04-21 modified: 2022-03-08 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1211 - attack.t1059 - attack.persistence - attack.execution logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: - echo - copy - type - file createnew - cacls selection_2: CommandLine|contains: C:\Windows\Fonts\ selection_3: CommandLine|contains: - .sh - .exe - .dll - .bin - .bat - .cmd - .js - .msh - .reg - .scr - .ps - .vb - .jar - .pl - '.inf' - .cpl - .hta - .msi - .vbs condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0562
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0562. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Multiple use-after-free vulnerabilities in epan/dissectors/packet-dec-dnart.c in the DEC DNA Routing Protocol dissector in Wireshark 1.10.x before 1.10.12 and 1.12.x before 1.12.3 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted packet, related to the use of packet-scope memory instead of pinfo-scope memory.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0085. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Office 2007 SP3, Excel 2007 SP3, PowerPoint 2007 SP3, Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Excel 2010 SP2, PowerPoint 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Office 2013 Gold and SP1, Word 2013 Gold and SP1, Office 2013 RT Gold and SP1, Word 2013 RT Gold and SP1, Excel Viewer, Office Compatibility Pack SP3, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, Excel Services on SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1, Web Applications 2010 SP2, Office Web Apps Server 2010 SP2, Web Apps Server 2013 Gold and SP1, SharePoint Server 2007 SP3, Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 SP3, SharePoint Foundation 2010 SP2, SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, SharePoint Foundation 2013 Gold and SP1, and SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Component Use After Free Vulnerability."
Query: exploit The remote-management module in the (1) Multi Panels, (2) Comfort Panels, and (3) RT Advanced functionality in Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) before 13 SP1 and in the (4) panel
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1358. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.0. The remote-management module in the (1) Multi Panels, (2) Comfort Panels, and (3) RT Advanced functionality in Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) before 13 SP1 and in the (4) panels and (5) runtime functionality in SIMATIC WinCC flexible before 2008 SP3 Up7 does not properly encrypt credentials in transit, which makes it easier for remote attackers to determine cleartext credentials by sniffing the network and conducting a decryption attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0010. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. The CryptProtectMemory function in cng.sys (aka the Cryptography Next Generation driver) in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1, when the CRYPTPROTECTMEMORY_SAME_LOGON option is used, does not check an impersonation token's level, which allows local users to bypass intended decryption restrictions by leveraging a service that (1) has a named-pipe planting vulnerability or (2) uses world-readable shared memory for encrypted data, aka "CNG Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability" or MSRC ID 20707.
Query: actor TTPs: Right-to-Left Override
Matching passage: T1036.002 Right-to-Left Override. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) to disguise a string and/or file name to make it appear benign. RTLO is a non-printing Unicode character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse. For example, a Windows screensaver executable named <code>March 25 \u202Excod.scr</code> will display as <code>March 25 rcs.docx</code>. A JavaScript file named <code>photo_high_re\u202Egnp.js</code> will be displayed as <code>photo_high_resj.png</code>.(Citation: Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique) Adversaries may abuse the RTLO character as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type. A common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character. Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation: Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime) RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default.
Near-miss passage: T1036.010 Masquerade Account Name. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may match or approximate the names of legitimate accounts to make newly created ones appear benign. This will typically occur during [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), although accounts may also be renamed at a later date. This may also coincide with [Account Access Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1531) if the actor first deletes an account before re-creating one with the same name.(Citation: Huntress MOVEit 2023) Often, adversaries will attempt to masquerade as service accounts, such as those associated with legitimate software, data backups, or container cluster management.(Citation: Elastic CUBA Ransomware 2022)(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023) They may also give accounts generic, trustworthy names, such as “admin”, “help”, or “root.”(Citation: Invictus IR Cloud Ransomware 2024) Sometimes adversaries may model account names off of those already existing in the system, as a follow-on behavior to [Account Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087). Note that this is distinct from [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/001), which describes impersonating specific trusted individuals or organizations, rather than user or service account names.
Query: alert when Csi.exe is a signed binary from Microsoft that comes with Visual Studio and provides C# interactive capabilities. It can
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Csi.exe is a signed binary from Microsoft that comes with Visual Studio and provides C# interactive capabilities. It can. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Csi.exe Usage id: 40b95d31-1afc-469e-8d34-9a3a667d058e status: test description: Csi.exe is a signed binary from Microsoft that comes with Visual Studio and provides C# interactive capabilities. It can be used to run C# code from a file passed as a parameter in command line. Early version of this utility provided with Microsoft “Roslyn” Community Technology Preview was named 'rcsi.exe' references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Csi/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Rcsi/ - https://enigma0x3.net/2016/11/21/bypassing-application-whitelisting-by-using-rcsi-exe/ - https://twitter.com/Z3Jpa29z/status/1317545798981324801 author: Konstantin Grishchenko, oscd.community date: 2020-10-17 modified: 2022-07-11 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1072 - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \csi.exe - \rcsi.exe - OriginalFileName: - csi.exe - rcsi.exe selection_cli: Company: Microsoft Corporation condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate usage by software developers level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted.. Logsource: kubernetes / audit. Rule: title: Kubernetes Secrets Modified or Deleted id: 58d31a75-a4f8-4c40-985b-373d58162ca2 related: - id: 2f0bae2d-bf20-4465-be86-1311addebaa3 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted. ' references: - https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/apiserver-audit.v1/ - https://commandk.dev/blog/guide-to-audit-k8s-secrets-for-compliance/ author: kelnage date: 2024-07-11 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: product: kubernetes service: audit detection: selection: objectRef.resource: secrets verb: - create - delete - patch - replace - update condition: selection falsepositives: - Secrets being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Automated processes may need to take these actions and may need to be filtered. level: medium