alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: ATT&CK technique for Clear Linux or Mac System Logs
Matching passage: T1685.006 Clear Linux or Mac System Logs. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may clear system logs to hide evidence of an intrusion. macOS and Linux both keep track of system or user-initiated actions via system logs. The majority of native system logging is stored under the `/var/log/` directory. Subfolders in this directory categorize logs by their related functions, such as:(Citation: Linux Logs) * `/var/log/messages:`: General and system-related messages * `/var/log/secure or /var/log/auth.log`: Authentication logs * `/var/log/utmp or /var/log/wtmp`: Login records * `/var/log/kern.log`: Kernel logs * `/var/log/cron.log`: Crond logs * `/var/log/maillog`: Mail server logs * `/var/log/httpd/`: Web server access and error logs
Near-miss passage: T1685.003 Modify or Spoof Tool UI. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may spoof or manipulate security tool user interfaces (UIs) to falsely indicate tools are functioning normally and delay detection and response. Adversaries may present misleading or falsified security tool interfaces (UIs) that display normal or healthy status indicators, even when underlying security tools have been disabled, degraded, or otherwise tampered with. Security tools typically provide visibility into system health, alerting, and operational status; by misrepresenting this information, adversaries can undermine defender trust in these signals and obscure the true security posture of the system. This behavior is often used in conjunction with efforts to disable or modify tools, where adversaries first impair the functionality of defenses (e.g., EDR, logging agents) and then replace or mimic their interfaces to conceal the loss of visibility. By maintaining the appearance of normal operations, such as showing active protection, successful updates, or absence of threats, adversaries can delay investigation and response, enabling continued malicious activity. For example, adversaries may display a fake Windows Security interface or system tray icon indicating a “protected” or “healthy” state after disabling Windows Defender or related services.(Citation: BlackBasta)
Query: vulnerability: mediaserver in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48Z allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka internal
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8505. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. mediaserver in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48Z allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka internal bug 17769851, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6616, CVE-2015-8506, and CVE-2015-8507.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5380. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The Utf8DecoderBase::WriteUtf16Slow function in unicode-decoder.cc in Google V8, as used in Node.js before 0.12.6, io.js before 1.8.3 and 2.x before 2.3.3, and other products, does not verify that there is memory available for a UTF-16 surrogate pair, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted byte sequence.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1569
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1569. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Fortinet FortiClient 5.2.028 for iOS does not validate certificates, which makes it easier for man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL VPN servers via a crafted certificate.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2902. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. HP ArcSight SmartConnectors before 7.1.6 do not verify X.509 certificates from Logger devices, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof devices and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Exfiltration Over Web Service
Matching passage: T1567 Exfiltration Over Web Service. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Near-miss passage: T1567.001 Exfiltration to Code Repository. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a code repository rather than over their primary command and control channel. Code repositories are often accessible via an API (ex: https://api.github.com). Access to these APIs are often over HTTPS, which gives the adversary an additional level of protection. Exfiltration to a code repository can also provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if it is a popular service already used by hosts within the network.
Query: vulnerability: Memory leak in the embedded web server in the WebVPN subsystem in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory cons
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0619. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. Memory leak in the embedded web server in the WebVPN subsystem in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and SSL outage) via multiple crafted HTTP requests, aka Bug ID CSCue05458.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0202. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The mod_dav_svn server in Subversion 1.8.0 through 1.8.11 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a large number of REPORT requests, which trigger the traversal of FSFS repository nodes.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the Impersonate tool. Which can be used to manipulate tokens on a Windows computers remotely (PsExe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Impersonate Execution id: cf0c254b-22f1-4b2b-8221-e137b3c0af94 status: test description: Detects execution of the Impersonate tool. Which can be used to manipulate tokens on a Windows computers remotely (PsExec/WmiExec) or interactively references: - https://sensepost.com/blog/2022/abusing-windows-tokens-to-compromise-active-directory-without-touching-lsass/ - https://github.com/sensepost/impersonate author: Sai Prashanth Pulisetti @pulisettis date: 2022-12-21 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1134.001 - attack.t1134.003 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_commandline_exe: CommandLine|contains: impersonate.exe selection_commandline_opt: CommandLine|contains: - ' list ' - ' exec ' - ' adduser ' selection_hash: Hashes|contains: - MD5=9520714AB576B0ED01D1513691377D01 - SHA256=E81CC96E2118DC4FBFE5BAD1604E0AC7681960143E2101E1A024D52264BB0A8A - IMPHASH=0A358FFC1697B7A07D0E817AC740DF62 condition: all of selection_commandline_* or selection_hash falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of file by the "node.exe" process in the ".vscode-server" directory. Could be a sign of remote file. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Visual Studio Code Tunnel Remote File Creation id: 56e05d41-ce99-4ecd-912d-93f019ee0b71 status: test description: 'Detects the creation of file by the "node.exe" process in the ".vscode-server" directory. Could be a sign of remote file creation via VsCode tunnel feature ' references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-10-25 tags: - attack.command-and-control logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|contains: \servers\Stable- Image|endswith: \server\node.exe TargetFilename|contains: \.vscode-server\data\User\History\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 7u80 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2596. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 7u80 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Node Invite module before 6.x-2.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the destination parameter.
Query: detect Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation VAR+ Launcher id: 27aec9c9-dbb0-4939-8422-1742242471d0 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Jonathan Cheong, oscd.community date: 2020-10-15 modified: 2024-04-15 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|re: cmd.{0,5}(?:/c|/r)(?:\s|)\"set\s[a-zA-Z]{3,6}.*(?:\{\d\}){1,}\\\"\s+?\-f(?:.*\)){1,}.*\" condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation Via Use Rundll32 - Security id: cd0f7229-d16f-42de-8fe3-fba365fbcb3a related: - id: 641a4bfb-c017-44f7-800c-2aee0184ce9b type: derived status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-09 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The 'System Security Extension' audit subcategory need to be enabled to log the EID 4697 detection: selection: EventID: 4697 ServiceFileName|contains|all: - '&&' - rundll32 - shell32.dll - shellexec_rundll ServiceFileName|contains: - value - invoke - comspec - iex condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: intelligence brief on T1587.002
Matching passage: T1587.002 Code Signing Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations.
Near-miss passage: T1587.001 Malware. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB) During malware development, adversaries may intentionally include indicators aligned with other known actors in order to mislead attribution by defenders.(Citation: Olympic Destroyer)(Citation: Risky Bulletin Threat actor impersonates FSB APT)(Citation: GamaCopy organization) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware. Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1581
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1581. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Mobile Domain plugin 1.5.2 for WordPress allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) change plugin settings or conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the (2) domain, (3) text, (4) font, (5) fontcolor, (6) color, or (7) padding parameter in an add-domain action in the mobile-domain page to wp-admin/options-general.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9284. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The request phase of the OmniAuth Ruby gem (1.9.1 and earlier) is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery when used as part of the Ruby on Rails framework, allowing accounts to be connected without user intent, user interaction, or feedback to the user. This permits a secondary account to be able to sign into the web application as the primary account.
Query: Sigma YAML for linux / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a new named pipe using the "mkfifo" utility in a potentially suspicious location. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious Named Pipe Created Via Mkfifo id: 999c3b12-0a8c-40b6-8e13-dd7d62b75c7a related: - id: 9d779ce8-5256-4b13-8b6f-b91c602b43f4 type: derived status: test description: Detects the creation of a new named pipe using the "mkfifo" utility in a potentially suspicious location references: - https://dev.to/0xbf/use-mkfifo-to-create-named-pipe-linux-tips-5bbk - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/barracuda-esg-exploited-globally author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-16 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /mkfifo CommandLine|contains: ' /tmp/' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious Hangul Word Processor (Hanword) sub processes that could indicate an exploitation. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious HWP Sub Processes id: 023394c4-29d5-46ab-92b8-6a534c6f447b status: test description: Detects suspicious Hangul Word Processor (Hanword) sub processes that could indicate an exploitation references: - https://www.securitynewspaper.com/2016/11/23/technical-teardown-exploit-malware-hwp-files/ - https://www.hybrid-analysis.com/search?query=context:74940dcc5b38f9f9b1a0fea760d344735d7d91b610e6d5bd34533dd0153402c5&from_sample=5db135000388385a7644131f&block_redirect=1 - https://twitter.com/cyberwar_15/status/1187287262054076416 - https://blog.alyac.co.kr/1901 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangul_(word_processor) author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-10-24 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 - attack.execution - attack.t1203 - attack.t1059.003 - attack.g0032 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \Hwp.exe Image|endswith: \gbb.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-1366
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1366. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the image_user parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0727. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HTTP module in Cisco Security Manager (CSM) 4.7(0)SP1(1) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCut27789.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0085
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0085. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Office 2007 SP3, Excel 2007 SP3, PowerPoint 2007 SP3, Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Excel 2010 SP2, PowerPoint 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Office 2013 Gold and SP1, Word 2013 Gold and SP1, Office 2013 RT Gold and SP1, Word 2013 RT Gold and SP1, Excel Viewer, Office Compatibility Pack SP3, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, Excel Services on SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1, Web Applications 2010 SP2, Office Web Apps Server 2010 SP2, Web Apps Server 2013 Gold and SP1, SharePoint Server 2007 SP3, Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 SP3, SharePoint Foundation 2010 SP2, SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, SharePoint Foundation 2013 Gold and SP1, and SharePoint Server 2013 Gold and SP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Component Use After Free Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8410. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in the Core RDBMS component in Oracle Database Server 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.3, and 12.1.0.1 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0468. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Core RDBMS component in Oracle Database Server 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.3, and 12.1.0.1 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7081. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. iBooks in Apple iOS before 9.2 and OS X before 10.11.2 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via an iBooks file containing an XML external entity declaration in conjunction with an entity reference, related to an XML External Entity (XXE) issue.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2266
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2266. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. message/index.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.9, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, and 2.8.x before 2.8.4 does not consider the moodle/site:readallmessages capability before accessing arbitrary conversations, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive personal-contact and unread-message-count information via a modified URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5320. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Jenkins before 1.638 and LTS before 1.625.2 do not properly verify the shared secret used in JNLP slave connections, which allows remote attackers to connect as slaves and obtain sensitive information or possibly gain administrative access by leveraging knowledge of the name of a slave.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: ForceV1 asks for information directly from the kernel space. Conhost connects to the console application. High Integrity. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious High IntegrityLevel Conhost Legacy Option id: 3037d961-21e9-4732-b27a-637bcc7bf539 status: test description: ForceV1 asks for information directly from the kernel space. Conhost connects to the console application. High IntegrityLevel means the process is running with elevated privileges, such as an Administrator context. references: - https://cybercryptosec.medium.com/covid-19-cyber-infection-c615ead7c29 - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/04/04/stolen-images-campaign-ends-in-conti-ransomware/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthz/mandatory-integrity-control author: frack113 date: 2022-12-09 modified: 2024-12-01 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: IntegrityLevel: - High - S-1-16-12288 CommandLine|contains|all: - conhost.exe - '0xffffffff' - -ForceV1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Very Likely, including launching cmd.exe via Run As Administrator level: informational
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PDQDeploy service installation on the target system. When a package is deployed via PDQDeploy it installs a remo. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: New PDQDeploy Service - Client Side id: b98a10af-1e1e-44a7-bab2-4cc026917648 status: test description: 'Detects PDQDeploy service installation on the target system. When a package is deployed via PDQDeploy it installs a remote service on the target machine with the name "PDQDeployRunner-X" where "X" is an integer starting from 1 ' references: - https://documentation.pdq.com/PDQDeploy/13.0.3.0/index.html?windows-services.htm author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-22 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_root: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 selection_service: - ImagePath|contains: PDQDeployRunner- - ServiceName|startswith: PDQDeployRunner- condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the tool level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in Google Chrome before 40.0.2214.111 on Windows, OS X, and Linux and before 40.0.2214.109 on Android allow attackers to cause a denial of serv
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1212. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in Google Chrome before 40.0.2214.111 on Windows, OS X, and Linux and before 40.0.2214.109 on Android allow attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have other impact via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7654. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted attachSound arguments, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7652, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7661, CVE-2015-7663, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8043, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.