alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2482
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2482. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The Microsoft (1) VBScript 5.7 and 5.8 and (2) JScript 5.7 and 5.8 engines, as used in Internet Explorer 8 through 11 and other products, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted replace operation with a JavaScript regular expression, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3686. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. CoreText in Apple iOS before 8.4 and OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted text file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3685, CVE-2015-3687, CVE-2015-3688, and CVE-2015-3689.
Query: weakness Missing Documentation for Design
Matching passage: CWE-1053 Missing Documentation for Design. The product does not have documentation that represents how it is designed.
Near-miss passage: CWE-41 Improper Resolution of Path Equivalence. The product is vulnerable to file system contents disclosure through path equivalence. Path equivalence involves the use of special characters in file and directory names. The associated manipulations are intended to generate multiple names for the same object.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.25 and earlier allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Security : Firewall.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4766. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.25 and earlier allows local users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Security : Firewall.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1853. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.5. chrony before 1.31.1 does not properly protect state variables in authenticated symmetric NTP associations, which allows remote attackers with knowledge of NTP peering to cause a denial of service (inability to synchronize) via random timestamps in crafted NTP data packets.
Query: rule covering Detects execution of the "mount" command with "hidepid" parameter to make invisible processes to other users from the sy
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "mount" command with "hidepid" parameter to make invisible processes to other users from the sy. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Mount Execution With Hidepid Parameter id: ec52985a-d024-41e3-8ff6-14169039a0b3 status: test description: Detects execution of the "mount" command with "hidepid" parameter to make invisible processes to other users from the system references: - https://blogs.blackberry.com/ - https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-hide-processes-from-other-users/ - https://twitter.com/Joseliyo_Jstnk/status/1620131033474822144 author: Joseliyo Sanchez, @Joseliyo_Jstnk date: 2023-01-12 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1564 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: /mount CommandLine|contains|all: - hidepid=2 - ' -o ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of the "Zone.Identifier" ADS by an uncommon process. Attackers can leverage this in order to bypass. Logsource: windows / file_delete. Rule: title: ADS Zone.Identifier Deleted By Uncommon Application id: 3109530e-ab47-4cc6-a953-cac5ebcc93ae related: - id: 7eac0a16-5832-4e81-865f-0268a6d19e4b type: similar status: test description: Detects the deletion of the "Zone.Identifier" ADS by an uncommon process. Attackers can leverage this in order to bypass security restrictions that make use of the ADS such as Microsoft Office apps. references: - https://securityliterate.com/how-malware-abuses-the-zone-identifier-to-circumvent-detection-and-analysis/ - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-09-04 modified: 2025-07-04 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.004 logsource: product: windows category: file_delete detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: :Zone.Identifier filter_main_generic: Image: - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7-preview\pwsh.exe - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe - C:\Windows\explorer.exe - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\explorer.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe filter_optional_browsers_chrome: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe - C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe filter_optional_browsers_firefox: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe - C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe filter_optional_browsers_msedge: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe - C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Other third party applications not listed. level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects block events for files that are disallowed by code integrity for protected processes
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects block events for files that are disallowed by code integrity for protected processes. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Disallowed File For Protected Processes Has Been Blocked id: 5daf11c3-022b-4969-adb9-365e6c078c7c status: test description: Detects block events for files that are disallowed by code integrity for protected processes references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-tag-explanations - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3104 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential LethalHTA technique where the "mshta.exe" is spawned by an "svchost.exe" process. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential LethalHTA Technique Execution id: ed5d72a6-f8f4-479d-ba79-02f6a80d7471 status: test description: Detects potential LethalHTA technique where the "mshta.exe" is spawned by an "svchost.exe" process references: - https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2018/07/lethalhta.html author: Markus Neis date: 2018-06-07 modified: 2023-02-07 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \svchost.exe Image|endswith: \mshta.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-4614
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4614. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in includes/Function.php in the Easy2Map plugin before 1.2.5 for WordPress allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the mapName parameter in an e2m_img_save_map_name action to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php and other unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1875. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in a2billing/customer/iridium_threed.php in Elastix 2.5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the transactionID parameter.
Query: exploit Dell Pre-Boot Authentication Driver (PBADRV.sys) 1.0.1.5 allows local users to write to arbitrary physical memory locations and gain privileges via a 0x0022201c IOCTL call.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6856. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Dell Pre-Boot Authentication Driver (PBADRV.sys) 1.0.1.5 allows local users to write to arbitrary physical memory locations and gain privileges via a 0x0022201c IOCTL call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6335. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.0. The policy implementation in Cisco FireSIGHT Management Center 5.3.1.7, 5.4.0.4, and 6.0.0 for VMware allows remote authenticated administrators to bypass intended policy restrictions and execute Linux commands as root via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuw12839.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Container Service
Matching passage: T1543.005 Container Service. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may create or modify container or container cluster management tools that run as daemons, agents, or services on individual hosts. These include software for creating and managing individual containers, such as Docker and Podman, as well as container cluster node-level agents such as kubelet. By modifying these services, an adversary may be able to achieve persistence or escalate their privileges on a host. For example, by using the `docker run` or `podman run` command with the `restart=always` directive, a container can be configured to persistently restart on the host.(Citation: AquaSec TeamTNT 2023) A user with access to the (rootful) docker command may also be able to escalate their privileges on the host.(Citation: GTFOBins Docker) In Kubernetes environments, DaemonSets allow an adversary to persistently [Deploy Container](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610)s on all nodes, including ones added later to the cluster.(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023)(Citation: Kubernetes DaemonSet) Pods can also be deployed to specific nodes using the `nodeSelector` or `nodeName` fields in the pod spec.(Citation: Kubernetes Assigning Pods to Nodes)(Citation: AppSecco Kubernetes Namespace Breakout 2020) Note that containers can also be configured to run as [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002)s.(Citation: Podman Systemd)(Citation: Docker Systemd)
Near-miss passage: T1543 Create or Modify System Process. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may create or modify system-level processes to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence. When operating systems boot up, they can start processes that perform background system functions. On Windows and Linux, these system processes are referred to as services.(Citation: TechNet Services) On macOS, launchd processes known as [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) are run to finish system initialization and load user specific parameters.(Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons) Adversaries may install new services, daemons, or agents that can be configured to execute at startup or a repeatable interval in order to establish persistence. Similarly, adversaries may modify existing services, daemons, or agents to achieve the same effect. Services, daemons, or agents may be created with administrator privileges but executed under root/SYSTEM privileges. Adversaries may leverage this functionality to create or modify system processes in order to escalate privileges.(Citation: OSX Malware Detection)
Query: exploit Buffer underflow in libjar in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly exec
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7194. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer underflow in libjar in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted ZIP archive.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5547. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5545, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, CVE-2015-5552, and CVE-2015-5553.
Query: describe CVE-2015-9100
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9100. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 5.5. The fill_buffer_resample function in util.c in libmp3lame.a in LAME 3.99.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted audio file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8926. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 5.5. The archive_read_format_rar_read_data function in archive_read_support_format_rar.c in libarchive before 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted rar archive.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Gatekeeper Bypass
Matching passage: T1553.001 Gatekeeper Bypass. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify file attributes and subvert Gatekeeper functionality to evade user prompts and execute untrusted programs. Gatekeeper is a set of technologies that act as layer of Apple’s security model to ensure only trusted applications are executed on a host. Gatekeeper was built on top of File Quarantine in Snow Leopard (10.6, 2009) and has grown to include Code Signing, security policy compliance, Notarization, and more. Gatekeeper also treats applications running for the first time differently than reopened applications.(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany Quarantine and the flag)(Citation: TheEclecticLightCompany apple notarization ) Based on an opt-in system, when files are downloaded an extended attribute (xattr) called `com.apple.quarantine` (also known as a quarantine flag) can be set on the file by the application performing the download. Launch Services opens the application in a suspended state. For first run applications with the quarantine flag set, Gatekeeper executes the following functions: 1. Checks extended attribute – Gatekeeper checks for the quarantine flag, then provides an alert prompt to the user to allow or deny execution.(Citation: OceanLotus for OS X)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) 2. Checks System Policies - Gatekeeper checks the system security policy, allowing execution of apps downloaded from either just the App Store or the App Store and identified developers. 3. Code Signing – Gatekeeper checks for a valid code signature from an Apple Developer ID. 4. Notarization - Using the `api.apple-cloudkit.com` API, Gatekeeper reaches out to Apple servers to verify or pull down the notarization ticket and ensure the ticket is not revoked. Users can override notarization, which will result in a prompt of executing an “unauthorized app” and the security policy will be modified. Adversaries can subvert one or multiple security controls within Gatekeeper checks through logic errors (e.g. [Exploitation for Stealth](https://a
Near-miss passage: T1553.002 Code Signing. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary. (Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature. Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems. It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform. (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning) Code signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4470
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4470. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Off-by-one error in the inflate function in mszipd.c in libmspack before 0.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted CAB archive.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7222. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Integer underflow in the Metadata::setData function in MetaData.cpp in libstagefright in Mozilla Firefox before 43.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (incorrect memory allocation and application crash) via an MP4 video file with crafted covr metadata that triggers a buffer overflow.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7760
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7760. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. libxpc in launchd in Apple OS X before 10.11 does not restrict the creation of processes for network connections, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) by repeatedly connecting to the SSH port, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7761.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0771. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.300000190734863. The IKE implementation in the WS-IPSEC-3 service module in Cisco IOS 12.2 on Catalyst 6500 devices allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (device reload) by sending a crafted message during IPsec tunnel setup, aka Bug ID CSCur70505.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3865
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3865. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The Runtime subsystem in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, as demonstrated by obtaining Signature or SignatureOrSystem access, aka internal bug 23050463.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7051. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. MobileStorageMounter in Apple iOS before 9.2 and tvOS before 9.1 mishandles the timing of trust-cache loading, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app.
Query: risk of Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2486. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2487, CVE-2015-2490, CVE-2015-2492, CVE-2015-2494, CVE-2015-2498, and CVE-2015-2499.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2380. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word 2013 SP1, and Word 2013 RT SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web-based management interface in Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System 1.1(1.160) on Firepower 9000 devices allows remote att
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6372. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web-based management interface in Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System 1.1(1.160) on Firepower 9000 devices allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted value, aka Bug ID CSCux10614.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2359. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web applications in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 8 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka "Exchange HTML Injection Vulnerability."
Query: SIEM correlation: impact activity consistent with Compute Hijacking
Matching passage: T1496.001 Compute Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the compute resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. One common purpose for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) and cryptocurrency mining.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs) Additionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware identify then kill off processes for competing malware to ensure it’s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners)
Near-miss passage: T1496.002 Bandwidth Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the network bandwidth resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. Adversaries may also use malware that leverages a system's network bandwidth as part of a botnet in order to facilitate [Network Denial of Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498) campaigns and/or to seed malicious torrents.(Citation: GoBotKR) Alternatively, they may engage in proxyjacking by selling use of the victims' network bandwidth and IP address to proxyware services.(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) Finally, they may engage in internet-wide scanning in order to identify additional targets for compromise.(Citation: Unit 42 Leaked Environment Variables 2024) In addition to incurring potential financial costs or availability disruptions, this technique may cause reputational damage if a victim’s bandwidth is used for illegal activities.(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking)