alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: vulnerability: Gajim before 0.16.5 allows remote attackers to modify the roster and intercept messages via a crafted roster-push IQ stanza.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8688. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Gajim before 0.16.5 allows remote attackers to modify the roster and intercept messages via a crafted roster-push IQ stanza.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6369. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The USB driver in Cisco Firepower Extensible Operating System 1.1(1.160) on Firepower 9000 devices allows physically proximate attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted USB device that triggers invalid USB commands, aka Bug ID CSCux10531.
Query: write Sigma for Detects changes to the Registry in which a monitor program gets registered to dump the memory of the lsass.exe process
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the Registry in which a monitor program gets registered to dump the memory of the lsass.exe process. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Via LSASS SilentProcessExit Technique id: 55e29995-75e7-451a-bef0-6225e2f13597 related: - id: 36803969-5421-41ec-b92f-8500f79c23b0 type: similar status: test description: Detects changes to the Registry in which a monitor program gets registered to dump the memory of the lsass.exe process references: - https://www.deepinstinct.com/2021/02/16/lsass-memory-dumps-are-stealthier-than-ever-before-part-2/ - https://oddvar.moe/2018/04/10/persistence-using-globalflags-in-image-file-execution-options-hidden-from-autoruns-exe/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-02-26 modified: 2022-12-19 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\lsass.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: load malicious registered COM objects. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Rundll32 Registered COM Objects id: f1edd233-30b5-4823-9e6a-c4171b24d316 status: test description: load malicious registered COM objects references: - https://nasbench.medium.com/a-deep-dive-into-rundll32-exe-642344b41e90 - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1546.015/T1546.015.md author: frack113 date: 2022-02-13 modified: 2023-02-09 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1546.015 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe - OriginalFileName: RUNDLL32.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - '-sta ' - '-localserver ' CommandLine|contains|all: - '{' - '}' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6271
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6271. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE 2.1.0 through 2.4.3 and 2.5.0 on ASR 1000 devices, when NAT Application Layer Gateway is used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted SIP packet, aka Bug IDs CSCta74749 and CSCta77008.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1558. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 3.5. Asterisk Open Source 12.x before 12.8.1 and 13.x before 13.1.1, when using the PJSIP channel driver, does not properly reclaim RTP ports, which allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (file descriptor consumption) via an SDP offer containing only incompatible codecs.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2196
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2196. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Spider Event Calendar 1.4.9 for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cat_id parameter in a spiderbigcalendar_month action to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2066. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in DLGuard 4.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the c parameter to index.php.
Query: threat report mentioning Process Injection
Matching passage: T1055 Process Injection. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.
Near-miss passage: T1055.013 Process Doppelgänging. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelgänging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Process doppelgänging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. Windows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF) Although deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017) Adversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055). Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelgänging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. Process doppelgänging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as <code>NtUnmapViewOfSection</code>, <code>VirtualProtectEx</code>, and <code>SetThreadContext</code>. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017) Process Doppelgänging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017): * Transact – Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction. * Load – Create a shared sec
Query: exploit SQL injection vulnerability in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 11.0(0.98000.225) allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted URL, aka Bug
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6433. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 11.0(0.98000.225) allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCut66767.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5599. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in upload.php in the Powerplay Gallery plugin 3.3 for WordPress allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) albumid or (2) name parameter.
Query: Suspicious Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1048.002 Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin. Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.
Near-miss passage: T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Input Capture
Matching passage: T1056 Input Capture. Tactics: collection, credential access. Description: Adversaries may use methods of capturing user input to obtain credentials or collect information. During normal system usage, users often provide credentials to various different locations, such as login pages/portals or system dialog boxes. Input capture mechanisms may be transparent to the user (e.g. [Credential API Hooking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/004)) or rely on deceiving the user into providing input into what they believe to be a genuine service (e.g. [Web Portal Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/003)).
Near-miss passage: T1056.002 GUI Input Capture. Tactics: collection, credential access. Description: Adversaries may mimic common operating system GUI components to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt. When programs are executed that need additional privileges than are present in the current user context, it is common for the operating system to prompt the user for proper credentials to authorize the elevated privileges for the task (ex: [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002)). Adversaries may mimic this functionality to prompt users for credentials with a seemingly legitimate prompt for a number of reasons that mimic normal usage, such as a fake installer requiring additional access or a fake malware removal suite.(Citation: OSX Malware Exploits MacKeeper) This type of prompt can be used to collect credentials via various languages such as [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002)(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).(Citation: LogRhythm Do You Trust Oct 2014)(Citation: Enigma Phishing for Credentials Jan 2015)(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) On Linux systems adversaries may launch dialog boxes prompting users for credentials from malicious shell scripts or the command line (i.e. [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)).(Citation: Spoofing credential dialogs) Adversaries may also mimic common software authentication requests, such as those from browsers or email clients. This may also be paired with user activity monitoring (i.e., [Browser Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1217) and/or [Application Window Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1010)) to spoof prompts when users are naturally accessing sensitive sites/data.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9357
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9357. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The akismet plugin before 3.1.5 for WordPress has XSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7363. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the advanced settings page in Fortinet FortiManager 5.x before 5.0.12 and 5.2.x before 5.2.3, in hardware models with a hard disk, and FortiAnalyzer 5.x before 5.0.13 and 5.2.x before 5.2.3 allows remote administrators to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors related to report filters.
Query: detection engineering for Encrypted Channel
Matching passage: T1573 Encrypted Channel. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ an encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Near-miss passage: T1573.001 Symmetric Cryptography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ a known symmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Symmetric encryption algorithms use the same key for plaintext encryption and ciphertext decryption. Common symmetric encryption algorithms include AES, DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and RC4.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5224
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5224. CWE: CWE-377. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The mkostemp function in login-utils in util-linux when used incorrectly allows remote attackers to cause file name collision and possibly other attacks.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7977. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. ntpd in NTP before 4.2.8p6 and 4.3.x before 4.3.90 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via a ntpdc reslist command.
Query: detection engineering for Office Test
Matching passage: T1137.002 Office Test. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system. An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started. This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications. This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.(Citation: Hexacorn Office Test)(Citation: Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy) There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature, such as: * <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office test\Special\Perf</code> * <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Office test\Special\Perf</code> Adversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started.
Near-miss passage: T1137 Office Application Startup. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Ruler GitHub) These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)
Query: vulnerability: Open redirect vulnerability in the valid_back_url function in app/controllers/application_controller.rb in Redmine before 2.6.7, 3.0.x before 3.0.5, and 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows r
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8474. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Open redirect vulnerability in the valid_back_url function in app/controllers/application_controller.rb in Redmine before 2.6.7, 3.0.x before 3.0.5, and 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted back_url parameter, as demonstrated by "@attacker.com," a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-1985.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0385. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.21 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Pluggable Auth.
Query: describe CVE-2015-5432
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5432. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. HP Virtual Connect Enterprise Manager (VCEM) SDK before 7.5.0, as used in HP Matrix Operating Environment before 7.5.0 and other products, allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information or modify data via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2264. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Multiple untrusted search path vulnerabilities in (1) EQATEC.Analytics.Monitor.Win32_vc100.dll and (2) EQATEC.Analytics.Monitor.Win32_vc100-x64.dll in Telerik Analytics Monitor Library before 3.2.125 allow local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse (a) csunsapi.dll, (b) swift.dll, (c) nfhwcrhk.dll, or (d) surewarehook.dll file in an unspecified directory.
Query: reconnaissance using Scanning IP Blocks
Matching passage: T1595.001 Scanning IP Blocks. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Near-miss passage: T1595.002 Vulnerability Scanning. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use. These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).
Query: write Sigma for Detects AnyDesk writing binary files to disk other than "gcapi.dll". According to RedCanary research it is highly abnorm
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects AnyDesk writing binary files to disk other than "gcapi.dll". According to RedCanary research it is highly abnorm. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Suspicious Binary Writes Via AnyDesk id: 2d367498-5112-4ae5-a06a-96e7bc33a211 status: test description: 'Detects AnyDesk writing binary files to disk other than "gcapi.dll". According to RedCanary research it is highly abnormal for AnyDesk to write executable files to disk besides gcapi.dll, which is a legitimate DLL that is part of the Google Chrome web browser used to interact with the Google Cloud API. (See reference section for more details) ' references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/misbehaving-rats/ - https://thedfirreport.com/2025/02/24/confluence-exploit-leads-to-lockbit-ransomware/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-28 modified: 2025-02-24 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \AnyDesk.exe - \AnyDeskMSI.exe TargetFilename|endswith: - .dll - .exe filter_dlls: TargetFilename|endswith: \gcapi.dll condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls that performs remote DCOM operations. These could be abused for lateral movement via DCOM or WM. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Remote DCOM/WMI Lateral Movement id: 68050b10-e477-4377-a99b-3721b422d6ef status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls that performs remote DCOM operations. These could be abused for lateral movement via DCOM or WMI. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-srvs/accf23b0-0f57-441c-9185-43041f1b0ee9 - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.execution - attack.t1021.003 - attack.t1047 logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:367abb81-9844-35f1-ad32-98f038001003' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: - 4d9f4ab8-7d1c-11cf-861e-0020af6e7c57 - 99fcfec4-5260-101b-bbcb-00aa0021347a - 000001a0-0000-0000-c000-000000000046 - 00000131-0000-0000-c000-000000000046 - 00000143-0000-0000-c000-000000000046 - 00000000-0000-0000-c000-000000000046 condition: selection falsepositives: - Some administrative tasks on remote host level: high