alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: actor TTPs: Domain Controller Authentication
Matching passage: T1556.001 Domain Controller Authentication. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts. Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user’s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)). Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system. Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller). Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton)
Near-miss passage: T1556.002 Password Filter DLL. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may register malicious password filter dynamic link libraries (DLLs) into the authentication process to acquire user credentials as they are validated. Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. Filters are implemented as DLLs containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts. Before registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation. Adversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made.(Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)
Query: risk of PHP before 5.4.42, 5.5.x before 5.5.26, and 5.6.x before 5.6.10 does not ensure that pathnames lack %00 sequences, which might allow remote attackers to read or write to arbitrary 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4598. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. PHP before 5.4.42, 5.5.x before 5.5.26, and 5.6.x before 5.6.10 does not ensure that pathnames lack %00 sequences, which might allow remote attackers to read or write to arbitrary files via crafted input to an application that calls (1) a DOMDocument save method or (2) the GD imagepsloadfont function, as demonstrated by a filename\0.html attack that bypasses an intended configuration in which client users may write to only .html files.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2854. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The WebUI component in Blue Coat SSL Visibility Appliance SV800, SV1800, SV2800, and SV3800 3.6.x through 3.8.x before 3.8.4 does not send a restrictive X-Frame-Options HTTP header, which allows remote attackers to conduct clickjacking attacks via vectors involving an IFRAME element.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1247
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1247. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The SearchEngineTabHelper::OnPageHasOSDD function in browser/ui/search_engines/search_engine_tab_helper.cc in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90 does not prevent use of a file: URL for an OpenSearch descriptor XML document, which might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from local files via a crafted (1) http or (2) https web site.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0094. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 do not properly restrict the availability of address information during a function call, which makes it easier for local users to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted application, aka "Microsoft Windows Kernel Memory Disclosure Vulnerability."
Query: exploit The htmlParseComment function in HTMLparser.c in libxml2 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap memory access and applicati
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8710. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The htmlParseComment function in HTMLparser.c in libxml2 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap memory access and application crash), or possibly have unspecified other impact via an unclosed HTML comment.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3095. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5087, CVE-2015-5094, CVE-2015-5100, CVE-2015-5102, CVE-2015-5103, CVE-2015-5104, and CVE-2015-5115.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects wannacry killswitch domain dns queries
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects wannacry killswitch domain dns queries. Logsource: dns. Rule: title: Wannacry Killswitch Domain id: 3eaf6218-3bed-4d8a-8707-274096f12a18 status: test description: Detects wannacry killswitch domain dns queries references: - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/wannacry-ransomware-campaign author: Mike Wade date: 2020-09-16 modified: 2022-03-24 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: dns detection: selection: query: - ifferfsodp9ifjaposdfjhgosurijfaewrwergwea.testing - ifferfsodp9ifjaposdfjhgosurijfaewrwergwea.test - ifferfsodp9ifjaposdfjhgosurijfaewrwergwea.com - ayylmaotjhsstasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdf.com - iuqssfsodp9ifjaposdfjhgosurijfaewrwergwea.com condition: selection falsepositives: - Analyst testing level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted.. Logsource: kubernetes / audit. Rule: title: Kubernetes Secrets Modified or Deleted id: 58d31a75-a4f8-4c40-985b-373d58162ca2 related: - id: 2f0bae2d-bf20-4465-be86-1311addebaa3 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects when Kubernetes Secrets are Modified or Deleted. ' references: - https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/apiserver-audit.v1/ - https://commandk.dev/blog/guide-to-audit-k8s-secrets-for-compliance/ author: kelnage date: 2024-07-11 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: product: kubernetes service: audit detection: selection: objectRef.resource: secrets verb: - create - delete - patch - replace - update condition: selection falsepositives: - Secrets being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Automated processes may need to take these actions and may need to be filtered. level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the autorun value in Dell SonicWall NetExtender before 7.5.227 and 8.0.x before 8.0.238, as used in the SRA firmware before 7.5.1.2-40
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4173. CWE: CWE-428. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the autorun value in Dell SonicWall NetExtender before 7.5.227 and 8.0.x before 8.0.238, as used in the SRA firmware before 7.5.1.2-40sv and 8.x before 8.0.0.3-23sv, allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse program in the %SYSTEMDRIVE% folder.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6647. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Widevine QSEE TrustZone application in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY49F and 6.0 before 2016-01-01 allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application that leverages QSEECOM access, aka internal bug 24441554.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1028
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1028. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in D-Link DSL-2730B router (rev C1) with firmware GE_1.01 allow remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) domainname parameter to dnsProxy.cmd (DNS Proxy Configuration Panel); the (2) brName parameter to lancfg2get.cgi (Lan Configuration Panel); the (3) wlAuthMode, (4) wl_wsc_reg, or (5) wl_wsc_mode parameter to wlsecrefresh.wl (Wireless Security Panel); or the (6) wlWpaPsk parameter to wlsecurity.wl (Wireless Password Viewer).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1180. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Web Reports in EventSentry 3.1.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the pageId parameter to networktile/bullet.
Query: Sigma YAML for azure / activitylogs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when ClusterRoles/Roles are being modified or deleted.. Logsource: azure / activitylogs. Rule: title: Azure Kubernetes Sensitive Role Access id: 818fee0c-e0ec-4e45-824e-83e4817b0887 status: test description: Identifies when ClusterRoles/Roles are being modified or deleted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#microsoftkubernetes - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/23/secure-containerized-environments-with-updated-threat-matrix-for-kubernetes/ - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/02/attack-matrix-kubernetes/ - https://medium.com/mitre-engenuity/att-ck-for-containers-now-available-4c2359654bf1 author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-07 modified: 2022-08-23 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1485 - attack.t1496 - attack.t1489 logsource: product: azure service: activitylogs detection: selection: operationName: - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/ROLES/WRITE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/ROLES/DELETE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/ROLES/BIND/ACTION - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/ROLES/ESCALATE/ACTION - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/CLUSTERROLES/WRITE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/CLUSTERROLES/DELETE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/CLUSTERROLES/BIND/ACTION - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/RBAC.AUTHORIZATION.K8S.IO/CLUSTERROLES/ESCALATE/ACTION condition: selection falsepositives: - ClusterRoles/Roles being modified and deleted may be performed by a system administrator. Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - ClusterRoles/Roles modification from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects msdt.exe executed by a suspicious parent as seen in CVE-2022-30190 / Follina exploitation. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious MSDT Parent Process id: 7a74da6b-ea76-47db-92cc-874ad90df734 status: test description: Detects msdt.exe executed by a suspicious parent as seen in CVE-2022-30190 / Follina exploitation references: - https://twitter.com/nao_sec/status/1530196847679401984 - https://app.any.run/tasks/713f05d2-fe78-4b9d-a744-f7c133e3fafb/ author: Nextron Systems date: 2022-06-01 modified: 2023-02-06 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \schtasks.exe - \wmic.exe - \wscript.exe - \wsl.exe selection_msdt: - Image|endswith: \msdt.exe - OriginalFileName: msdt.exe condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Use of hostname to get information. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Execution of Hostname id: 7be5fb68-f9ef-476d-8b51-0256ebece19e status: test description: Use of hostname to get information references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1082/T1082.md#atomic-test-6---hostname-discovery-windows - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/hostname author: frack113 date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1082 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \HOSTNAME.EXE condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when an user or application modified the federation settings on the domain.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Azure Domain Federation Settings Modified id: 352a54e1-74ba-4929-9d47-8193d67aba1e status: test description: Identifies when an user or application modified the federation settings on the domain. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/hybrid/how-to-connect-monitor-federation-changes author: Austin Songer date: 2021-09-06 modified: 2022-06-08 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: ActivityDisplayName: Set federation settings on domain condition: selection falsepositives: - Federation Settings being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - Federation Settings modified from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Query: telemetry for T1622
Matching passage: T1622 Debugger Evasion. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various means to detect and avoid debuggers. Debuggers are typically used by defenders to trace and/or analyze the execution of potential malware payloads.(Citation: ProcessHacker Github) Debugger evasion may include changing behaviors based on the results of the checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a debugged environment. Similar to [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497), if the adversary detects a debugger, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for debugger artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary. On Windows, this may involve [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) function calls such as <code>IsDebuggerPresent()</code> and <code> NtQueryInformationProcess()</code>, or manually checking the <code>BeingDebugged</code> flag of the Process Environment Block (PEB). On Linux, this may involve querying `/proc/self/status` for the `TracerPID` field, which indicates whether or not the process is being traced by dynamic analysis tools.(Citation: Cado Security P2PInfect 2023)(Citation: Positive Technologies Hellhounds 2023) Other checks for debugging artifacts may also seek to enumerate hardware breakpoints, interrupt assembly opcodes, time checks, or measurements if exceptions are raised in the current process (assuming a present debugger would “swallow” or handle the potential error).(Citation: hasherezade debug)(Citation: AlKhaser Debug)(Citation: vxunderground debug) Malware may also leverage Structured Exception Handling (SEH) to detect debuggers by throwing an exception and detecting whether the process is suspended. SEH handles both hardware and software expectations, providing control over the exceptions including support for debugging. If a debugger is present, the program’s control will be transferred to the
Near-miss passage: T1218 System Binary Proxy Execution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)
Query: common weakness: Insecure Inherited Permissions
Matching passage: CWE-277 Insecure Inherited Permissions. A product defines a set of insecure permissions that are inherited by objects that are created by the program.
Near-miss passage: CWE-393 Return of Wrong Status Code. A function or operation returns an incorrect return value or status code that does not indicate the true result of execution, causing the product to modify its behavior based on the incorrect result.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3954
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3954. CWE: CWE-285. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Hospira Plum A+ Infusion System version 13.4 and prior, Plum A+3 Infusion System version 13.6 and prior, and Symbiq Infusion System, version 3.13 and prior give unauthenticated users root privileges on Port 23/TELNET by default. An unauthorized user could issue commands to the pump. Hospira recommends that customers close Port 23/TELNET on the affected devices. Hospira has also released the Plum 360 Infusion System which is not vulnerable to this issue.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5463. CWE: CWE-285. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. AxiomSL's Axiom java applet module (used for editing uploaded Excel files and associated Java RMI services) 9.5.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to (1) access data of other basic users through arbitrary SQL commands, (2) perform a horizontal and vertical privilege escalation, (3) cause a Denial of Service on global application, or (4) write/read/delete arbitrary files on server hosting the application.
Query: mitigate Remote Access Tools
Matching passage: T1219 Remote Access Tools. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate remote access tools to establish an interactive command and control channel within a network. Remote access tools create a session between two trusted hosts through a graphical interface, a command line interaction, a protocol tunnel via development or management software, or hardware-level access such as KVM (Keyboard, Video, Mouse) over IP solutions. Desktop support software (usually graphical interface) and remote management software (typically command line interface) allow a user to control a computer remotely as if they are a local user inheriting the user or software permissions. This software is commonly used for troubleshooting, software installation, and system management.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Adversaries may similarly abuse response features included in EDR and other defensive tools that enable remote access. Remote access tools may be installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or to establish an interactive remote desktop session with the target system. It may also be used as a malware component to establish a reverse connection or back-connect to a service or adversary-controlled system. Installation of many remote access tools may also include persistence (e.g., the software's installation routine creates a [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)). Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software (e.g., Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop).(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Near-miss passage: T1219.002 Remote Desktop Software. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate desktop support software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. Desktop support software provides a graphical interface for remotely controlling another computer, transmitting the display output, keyboard input, and mouse control between devices using various protocols. Desktop support software, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software such as Zoom or Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop.(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Query: weakness Execution After Redirect (EAR)
Matching passage: CWE-698 Execution After Redirect (EAR). The web application sends a redirect to another location, but instead of exiting, it executes additional code.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1050 Excessive Platform Resource Consumption within a Loop. The product has a loop body or loop condition that contains a control element that directly or indirectly consumes platform resources, e.g. messaging, sessions, locks, or file descriptors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8981
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8981. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in the PdfParser::ReadXRefSubsection function in base/PdfParser.cpp in PoDoFo allows attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to m_offsets.size.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6507. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The hdbsql client 1.00.091.00 Build 1418659308-1530 in SAP HANA allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) and possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2140700.
Query: weakness Inefficient CPU Computation
Matching passage: CWE-1176 Inefficient CPU Computation. The product performs CPU computations using algorithms that are not as efficient as they could be for the needs of the developer, i.e., the computations can be optimized further.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1094 Excessive Index Range Scan for a Data Resource. The product contains an index range scan for a large data table, but the scan can cover a large number of rows.