alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for Revert Cloud Instance activity
Matching passage: T1578.004 Revert Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)
Near-miss passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Query: describe CVE-2015-8878
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8878. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. main/php_open_temporary_file.c in PHP before 5.5.28 and 5.6.x before 5.6.12 does not ensure thread safety, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (race condition and heap memory corruption) by leveraging an application that performs many temporary-file accesses.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1001. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in IniNet embeddedWebServer (aka eWebServer) before 2.02 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long field in an HTTP request.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1459
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1459. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 3.0.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the operation parameter to cert/scep/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1179. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in data_point_details.shtm in Mango Automation 2.4.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) dpid, (2) dpxid, or (3) pid parameter.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0537
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0537. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer underflow in the base64-decoding implementation in EMC RSA BSAFE Micro Edition Suite (MES) 4.0.x before 4.0.8 and 4.1.x before 4.1.3, RSA BSAFE Crypto-C Micro Edition (Crypto-C ME) before 4.0.4 and 4.1, and RSA BSAFE SSL-C 2.8.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption or segmentation fault) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted base64 data, a similar issue to CVE-2015-0292.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9129. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, and SD 850, if the size parameter passed to TZ_PR_CMD_CONTENT_SET_PROP is small, an integer underflow occurs.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4661
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4661. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Symphony CMS 2.6.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the sort parameter to system/authors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4993. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Portal 6.1.0 through 6.1.0.6 CF27, 6.1.5 through 6.1.5.3 CF27, 7.0.0 through 7.0.0.2 CF29, 8.0.0 before 8.0.0.1 CF19, and 8.5.0 before CF08 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4998.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7927
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7927. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on eWON devices with firmware through 10.1s0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9439. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.800000190734863. The addthis plugin before 5.0.13 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS via the wp-admin/options-general.php?page=addthis_social_widget pubid parameter.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1666
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1666. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1652.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1625. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1634.
Query: Suspicious Office Application Startup execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1137 Office Application Startup. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may leverage Microsoft Office-based applications for persistence between startups. Microsoft Office is a fairly common application suite on Windows-based operating systems within an enterprise network. There are multiple mechanisms that can be used with Office for persistence when an Office-based application is started; this can include the use of Office Template Macros and add-ins. A variety of features have been discovered in Outlook that can be abused to obtain persistence, such as Outlook rules, forms, and Home Page.(Citation: SensePost Ruler GitHub) These persistence mechanisms can work within Outlook or be used through Office 365.(Citation: TechNet O365 Outlook Rules)
Near-miss passage: T1137.003 Outlook Forms. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) Once malicious forms have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2606
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2606. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Endeca Information Discovery Studio component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 2.2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.0, and 3.1 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Integrator, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2602, CVE-2015-2603, CVE-2015-2604, CVE-2015-2605, and CVE-2015-4745.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1649. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word Viewer, Office Compatibility Pack SP3, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2, and Office Web Apps Server 2010 SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Component Use After Free Vulnerability."
Query: write Sigma for Detects loading of "RjvPlatform.dll" by the "SystemResetPlatform.exe" binary which can be abused as a method of DLL side
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects loading of "RjvPlatform.dll" by the "SystemResetPlatform.exe" binary which can be abused as a method of DLL side. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential RjvPlatform.DLL Sideloading From Default Location id: 259dda31-b7a3-444f-b7d8-17f96e8a7d0d status: test description: Detects loading of "RjvPlatform.dll" by the "SystemResetPlatform.exe" binary which can be abused as a method of DLL side loading since the "$SysReset" directory isn't created by default. references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1666716511988330499 author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-09 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image: C:\Windows\System32\SystemResetPlatform\SystemResetPlatform.exe ImageLoaded: C:\$SysReset\Framework\Stack\RjvPlatform.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects disabling of the Windows Defender virus scanning feature. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: Windows Defender Virus Scanning Feature Disabled id: 686c0b4b-9dd3-4847-9077-d6c1bbe36fcb related: - id: fe34868f-6e0e-4882-81f6-c43aa8f15b62 type: obsolete status: stable description: Detects disabling of the Windows Defender virus scanning feature references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/troubleshoot-microsoft-defender-antivirus?view=o365-worldwide#event-id-5012 - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://craigclouditpro.wordpress.com/2020/03/04/hunting-malicious-windows-defender-activity/ author: Ján Trenčanský, frack113 date: 2020-07-28 modified: 2023-11-22 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: windefend detection: selection: EventID: 5012 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: campaign using Keychain
Matching passage: T1555.001 Keychain. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may acquire credentials from Keychain. Keychain (or Keychain Services) is the macOS credential management system that stores account names, passwords, private keys, certificates, sensitive application data, payment data, and secure notes. There are three types of Keychains: Login Keychain, System Keychain, and Local Items (iCloud) Keychain. The default Keychain is the Login Keychain, which stores user passwords and information. The System Keychain stores items accessed by the operating system, such as items shared among users on a host. The Local Items (iCloud) Keychain is used for items synced with Apple’s iCloud service. Keychains can be viewed and edited through the Keychain Access application or using the command-line utility <code>security</code>. Keychain files are located in <code>~/Library/Keychains/</code>, <code>/Library/Keychains/</code>, and <code>/Network/Library/Keychains/</code>.(Citation: Keychain Services Apple)(Citation: Keychain Decryption Passware)(Citation: OSX Keychain Schaumann) Adversaries may gather user credentials from Keychain storage/memory. For example, the command <code>security dump-keychain –d</code> will dump all Login Keychain credentials from <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db</code>. Adversaries may also directly read Login Keychain credentials from the <code>~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain</code> file. Both methods require a password, where the default password for the Login Keychain is the current user’s password to login to the macOS host.(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way)(Citation: Empire Keychain Decrypt)
Near-miss passage: T1555.002 Securityd Memory. Tactics: credential access. Description: An adversary with root access may gather credentials by reading `securityd`’s memory. `securityd` is a service/daemon responsible for implementing security protocols such as encryption and authorization.(Citation: Apple Dev SecurityD) A privileged adversary may be able to scan through `securityd`'s memory to find the correct sequence of keys to decrypt the user’s logon keychain. This may provide the adversary with various plaintext passwords, such as those for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple’s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) Apple’s `securityd` utility takes the user’s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user’s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the addition of the 'MiniNt' key to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing eve
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the addition of the 'MiniNt' key to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing eve. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Security Event Logging Disabled via MiniNt Registry Key - Registry Set id: 8839e550-52d7-4958-9f2f-e13c1e736838 related: - id: 1a4bd6af-99ac-4466-b5b2-7b72b4a05462 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the addition of the ''MiniNt'' key to the registry. Upon a reboot, Windows Event Log service will stop writing events. Windows Event Log is a service that collects and stores event logs from the operating system and applications. It is an important component of Windows security and auditing. Adversary may want to disable this service to disable logging of security events which could be used to detect their activities. ' references: - https://www.hackingarticles.in/defense-evasion-windows-event-logging-t1562-002/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-04-09 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 - attack.t1112 - car.2022-03-001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject: HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\MiniNt\(Default) condition: selection falsepositives: - Highly Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious process command line that uses base64 encoded input for execution with a shell. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Linux Base64 Encoded Pipe to Shell id: ba592c6d-6888-43c3-b8c6-689b8fe47337 status: test description: Detects suspicious process command line that uses base64 encoded input for execution with a shell references: - https://github.com/arget13/DDexec - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/barracuda-esg-exploited-globally author: pH-T (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-26 modified: 2023-06-16 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1140 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection_base64: CommandLine|contains: 'base64 ' selection_exec: - CommandLine|contains: - '| bash ' - '| sh ' - '|bash ' - '|sh ' - CommandLine|endswith: - ' |sh' - '| bash' - '| sh' - '|bash' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications DBA component in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.2.3 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4743. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications DBA component in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.2.3 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to AD Utilities.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4851. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle iSupplier Portal component in Oracle E-Business Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to XML input. NOTE: the previous information is from the October 2015 CPU. Oracle has not commented on third-party claims that this issue is an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability, which allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files, cause a denial of service, or conduct SMB Relay attacks via a crafted DTD in an XML request to OA_HTML/oramipp_lpr.
Query: CWE for Insecure Automated Optimizations
Matching passage: CWE-1038 Insecure Automated Optimizations. The product uses a mechanism that automatically optimizes code, e.g. to improve a characteristic such as performance, but the optimizations can have an unintended side effect that might violate an intended security assumption.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1259 Improper Restriction of Security Token Assignment. The System-On-A-Chip (SoC) implements a Security Token mechanism to differentiate what actions are allowed or disallowed when a transaction originates from an entity. However, the Security Tokens are improperly protected.
Query: exploit Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5550. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5563, CVE-2015-5564, and CVE-2015-5565.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7988. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The handle_regservice_request function in mDNSResponder before 625.41.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via unspecified vectors.
Query: risk of cPanel before 11.52.0.13 does not prevent arbitrary file-read operations via get_information_for_applications (CPANEL-1221).
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9291. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. cPanel before 11.52.0.13 does not prevent arbitrary file-read operations via get_information_for_applications (CPANEL-1221).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1336. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The daily mandb cleanup job in Man-db before 2.7.6.1-1 as packaged in Ubuntu and Debian allows local users with access to the man account to gain privileges via vectors involving insecure chown use.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / security
Matching passage: Sigma rule: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Account Tampering - Suspicious Failed Logon Reasons id: 9eb99343-d336-4020-a3cd-67f3819e68ee status: test description: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that have been disabled or somehow restricted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4625 - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1101431884540710913 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection_eid: EventID: - 4625 - 4776 selection_status: - Status: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' - SubStatus: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' filter: SubjectUserSid: S-1-0-0 condition: all of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - User using a disabled account level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Monitor and alert on group membership removal of groups that have CA policy modification access. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: User Removed From Group With CA Policy Modification Access id: 665e2d43-70dc-4ccc-9d27-026c9dd7ed9c status: test description: Monitor and alert on group membership removal of groups that have CA policy modification access references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-infrastructure#conditional-access author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Thomas Detzner '@tdetzner' date: 2022-08-04 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1548 - attack.t1556 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: Remove member from group condition: selection falsepositives: - User removed from the group is approved level: medium