alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: threat report mentioning Dynamic API Resolution
Matching passage: T1027.007 Dynamic API Resolution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may obfuscate then dynamically resolve API functions called by their malware in order to conceal malicious functionalities and impair defensive analysis. Malware commonly uses various [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions provided by the OS to perform various tasks such as those involving processes, files, and other system artifacts. API functions called by malware may leave static artifacts such as strings in payload files. Defensive analysts may also uncover which functions a binary file may execute via an import address table (IAT) or other structures that help dynamically link calling code to the shared modules that provide functions.(Citation: Huntress API Hash)(Citation: IRED API Hashing) To avoid static or other defensive analysis, adversaries may use dynamic API resolution to conceal malware characteristics and functionalities. Similar to [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), dynamic API resolution may change file signatures and obfuscate malicious API function calls until they are resolved and invoked during runtime. Various methods may be used to obfuscate malware calls to API functions. For example, hashes of function names are commonly stored in malware in lieu of literal strings. Malware can use these hashes (or other identifiers) to manually reproduce the linking and loading process using functions such as `GetProcAddress()` and `LoadLibrary()`. These hashes/identifiers can also be further obfuscated using encryption or other string manipulation tricks (requiring various forms of [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140) during execution).(Citation: BlackHat API Packers)(Citation: Drakonia HInvoke)(Citation: Huntress API Hash)
Near-miss passage: T1027.014 Polymorphic Code. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may utilize polymorphic code (also known as metamorphic or mutating code) to evade detection. Polymorphic code is a type of software capable of changing its runtime footprint during code execution.(Citation: polymorphic-blackberry) With each execution of the software, the code is mutated into a different version of itself that achieves the same purpose or objective as the original. This functionality enables the malware to evade traditional signature-based defenses, such as antivirus and antimalware tools.(Citation: polymorphic-sentinelone) Other obfuscation techniques can be used in conjunction with polymorphic code to accomplish the intended effects, including using mutation engines to conduct actions such as [Software Packing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/002), [Command Obfuscation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/010), or [Encrypted/Encoded File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027/013).(Citation: polymorphic-linkedin)(Citation: polymorphic-medium)
Query: rule covering Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Creation Exe for Service with Unquoted Path id: 8c3c76ca-8f8b-4b1d-aaf3-81aebcd367c9 status: test description: 'Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary''s executable to launch. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1574.009/T1574.009.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-30 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.009 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename: C:\program.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects powershell scripts that import modules from suspicious directories. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Import PowerShell Modules From Suspicious Directories id: 21f9162c-5f5d-4b01-89a8-b705bd7d10ab related: - id: c31364f7-8be6-4b77-8483-dd2b5a7b69a3 type: similar status: test description: Detects powershell scripts that import modules from suspicious directories references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1003.002/T1003.002.md author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-07 modified: 2023-01-10 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Import-Module "$Env:Temp\ - Import-Module '$Env:Temp\ - Import-Module $Env:Temp\ - Import-Module "$Env:Appdata\ - Import-Module '$Env:Appdata\ - Import-Module $Env:Appdata\ - Import-Module C:\Users\Public\ - ipmo "$Env:Temp\ - ipmo '$Env:Temp\ - ipmo $Env:Temp\ - ipmo "$Env:Appdata\ - ipmo '$Env:Appdata\ - ipmo $Env:Appdata\ - ipmo C:\Users\Public\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Graphical User Interface
Matching passage: T1061 Graphical User Interface. Tactics: execution. Description: **This technique has been deprecated. Please use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) where appropriate.** The Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is a common way to interact with an operating system. Adversaries may use a system's GUI during an operation, commonly through a remote interactive session such as [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076), instead of through a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), to search for information and execute files via mouse double-click events, the Windows Run command (Citation: Wikipedia Run Command), or other potentially difficult to monitor interactions.
Near-miss passage: T1059.009 Cloud API. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.
Query: write Sigma for Detects suspicious local connections via a named pipe to the AD FS configuration database (Windows Internal Database). U
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious local connections via a named pipe to the AD FS configuration database (Windows Internal Database). U. Logsource: windows / pipe_created. Rule: title: ADFS Database Named Pipe Connection By Uncommon Tool id: 1ea13e8c-03ea-409b-877d-ce5c3d2c1cb3 status: test description: 'Detects suspicious local connections via a named pipe to the AD FS configuration database (Windows Internal Database). Used to access information such as the AD FS configuration settings which contains sensitive information used to sign SAML tokens. ' references: - https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/f99542b94afe0ad2f19a82cc08262e7ac8e1428e/Detections/SecurityEvent/ADFSDBNamedPipeConnection.yaml - https://o365blog.com/post/adfs/ - https://github.com/Azure/SimuLand author: Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g date: 2021-10-08 modified: 2023-11-30 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1005 logsource: product: windows category: pipe_created definition: Note that you have to configure logging for Named Pipe Events in Sysmon config (Event ID 17 and Event ID 18). The basic configuration is in popular sysmon configuration (https://github.com/SwiftOnSecurity/sysmon-config), but it is worth verifying. You can also use other repo, e.g. https://github.com/Neo23x0/sysmon-config, https://github.com/olafhartong/sysmon-modular. How to test detection? You can check powershell script from this site https://svch0st.medium.com/guide-to-named-pipes-and-hunting-for-cobalt-strike-pipes-dc46b2c5f575 detection: selection: PipeName: \MICROSOFT##WID\tsql\query filter_main_generic: Image|endswith: - :\Windows\System32\mmc.exe - :\Windows\system32\svchost.exe - :\Windows\System32\wsmprovhost.exe - :\Windows\SysWOW64\mmc.exe - :\Windows\SysWOW64\wsmprovhost.exe - :\Windows\WID\Binn\sqlwriter.exe - \AzureADConnect.exe - \Microsoft.Identity.Health.Adfs.PshSurrogate.exe - \Microsoft.IdentityServer.ServiceHost.exe - \Microsoft.Tri.Sensor.exe - \sqlservr.exe - \tssdis.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects process handle on LSASS process with certain access mask and object type SAM_DOMAIN. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Password Dumper Activity on LSASS id: aa1697b7-d611-4f9a-9cb2-5125b4ccfd5c status: test description: Detects process handle on LSASS process with certain access mask and object type SAM_DOMAIN references: - https://twitter.com/jackcr/status/807385668833968128 author: sigma date: 2017-02-12 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4656 ProcessName|endswith: \lsass.exe AccessMask: '0x705' ObjectType: SAM_DOMAIN condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit The ANSendForReview method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6707. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ANSendForReview method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2555. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Excel 2010 SP2, Excel 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, Excel 2016, Excel for Mac 2011, Excel 2016 for Mac, and Excel Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2 and 2013 SP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted calculatedColumnFormula object in an Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: risk of Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a differen
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1748. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1743.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1248. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The FileSystem API in Google Chrome before 40.0.2214.91 allows remote attackers to bypass the SafeBrowsing for Executable Files protection mechanism by creating a .exe file in a temporary filesystem and then referencing this file with a filesystem:http: URL.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0074
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0074. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly allocate memory, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted (1) web site or (2) file, aka "Adobe Font Driver Denial of Service Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7013. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 9.0.1 and iTunes before 12.3.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-3 and APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-5.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6844
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6844. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Reviewer in EMC SourceOne Email Supervisor before 7.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0668. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the administration portal in Cisco WebEx Meetings Server 2.5 and 2.5.99.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq66737.
Query: exploit IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5890. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5871, CVE-2015-5872, and CVE-2015-5873.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3741. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6860
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6860. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.399999618530273. HPE Network Switches with software 15.16.x and 15.17.x allow local users to bypass intended access restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6859.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2263. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Cloudera Manager 4.x, 5.0.x before 5.0.6, 5.1.x before 5.1.5, 5.2.x before 5.2.5, and 5.3.x before 5.3.3 uses global read permissions for files in its configuration directory when starting YARN NodeManager, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading the files, as demonstrated by yarn.keytab or ssl-server.xml in /var/run/cloudera-scm-agent/process.
Query: detect Detects DNS server discovery via LDAP query requests from uncommon applications in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS server discovery via LDAP query requests from uncommon applications. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS Server Discovery Via LDAP Query id: a21bcd7e-38ec-49ad-b69a-9ea17e69509e status: test description: Detects DNS server discovery via LDAP query requests from uncommon applications references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/980f3f83fd81f37c1ca9c02dccfd1c3d9f9d0841/atomics/T1016/T1016.md#atomic-test-9---dns-server-discovery-using-nslookup - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-adts/7fcdce70-5205-44d6-9c3a-260e616a2f04 author: frack113 date: 2022-08-20 modified: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1482 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection: QueryName|startswith: _ldap. filter_main_generic: Image|contains: - :\Program Files\ - :\Program Files (x86)\ - :\Windows\ filter_main_defender: Image|contains: :\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\ Image|endswith: \MsMpEng.exe filter_main_unknown: Image: <unknown process> filter_optional_azure: Image|startswith: C:\WindowsAzure\GuestAgent filter_main_null: Image: null filter_optional_browsers: Image|endswith: - \chrome.exe - \firefox.exe - \opera.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Likely level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Device code flow is an OAuth 2.0 protocol flow specifically for input constrained devices and is not used in all environ. Logsource: azure / signinlogs. Rule: title: Application Using Device Code Authentication Flow id: 248649b7-d64f-46f0-9fb2-a52774166fb5 status: test description: 'Device code flow is an OAuth 2.0 protocol flow specifically for input constrained devices and is not used in all environments. If this type of flow is seen in the environment and not being used in an input constrained device scenario, further investigation is warranted. This can be a misconfigured application or potentially something malicious. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-applications#application-authentication-flows author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Bailey Bercik '@baileybercik' date: 2022-06-01 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access logsource: product: azure service: signinlogs detection: selection: properties.message: Device Code condition: selection falsepositives: - Applications that are input constrained will need to use device code flow and are valid authentications. level: medium
Query: common weakness: Empty Code Block
Matching passage: CWE-1071 Empty Code Block. The source code contains a block that does not contain any code, i.e., the block is empty.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1249 Application-Level Admin Tool with Inconsistent View of Underlying Operating System. The product provides an application for administrators to manage parts of the underlying operating system, but the application does not accurately identify all of the relevant entities or resources that exist in the OS; that is, the application's model of the OS's state is inconsistent with the OS's actual state.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3348
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3348. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Cloudwords for Multilingual Drupal module before 7.x-2.3 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a node title.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2043. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Visualware MyConnection Server 8.2b allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) bt, (2) variable, or (3) et parameter to myspeed/db/historyitem.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3055
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3055. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3053, CVE-2015-3054, CVE-2015-3059, and CVE-2015-3075.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4448. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5095, CVE-2015-5099, CVE-2015-5101, CVE-2015-5111, CVE-2015-5113, and CVE-2015-5114.
Query: write Sigma for Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack.. Logsource: azure / pim. Rule: title: Roles Assigned Outside PIM id: b1bc08d1-8224-4758-a0e6-fbcfc98c73bb status: test description: Identifies when a privilege role assignment has taken place outside of PIM and may indicate an attack. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/privileged-identity-management/pim-how-to-configure-security-alerts#roles-are-being-assigned-outside-of-privileged-identity-management author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-14 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: azure service: pim detection: selection: riskEventType: rolesAssignedOutsidePrivilegedIdentityManagementAlertConfiguration condition: selection falsepositives: - Investigate where users are being assigned privileged roles outside of Privileged Identity Management and prohibit future assignments from there. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects commands that try to clear or tamper with the Linux command history. This technique is used by threat actors in. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Linux Command History Tampering id: fdc88d25-96fb-4b7c-9633-c0e417fdbd4e status: test description: 'Detects commands that try to clear or tamper with the Linux command history. This technique is used by threat actors in order to evade defenses and execute commands without them being recorded in files such as "bash_history" or "zsh_history". ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1070.003/T1070.003.md - https://www.hackers-arise.com/post/2016/06/20/covering-your-bash-shell-tracks-antiforensics - https://www.cadosecurity.com/spinning-yarn-a-new-linux-malware-campaign-targets-docker-apache-hadoop-redis-and-confluence/ author: Patrick Bareiss date: 2019-03-24 modified: 2024-04-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.003 logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: - cat /dev/null >*sh_history - cat /dev/zero >*sh_history - chattr +i*sh_history - echo "" >*sh_history - empty_bash_history - export HISTFILESIZE=0 - history -c - history -w - ln -sf /dev/null *sh_history - ln -sf /dev/zero *sh_history - rm *sh_history - shopt -ou history - shopt -uo history - shred *sh_history - truncate -s0 *sh_history condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high