alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: playbook for alert: Multiple failed authentications followed by Scan Databases
Matching passage: Playbook for T1596.005 Scan Databases. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1596.005. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: reconnaissance. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan) Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable in
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1596.001 DNS/Passive DNS. Different response path focused on reconnaissance.
Query: vulnerability: The publish-event event-manager feature in Cisco IOS 15.5(2)S and 15.5(3)S on Cloud Services Router 1000V devices allows local users to execute arbitrary commands with root privile
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6385. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The publish-event event-manager feature in Cisco IOS 15.5(2)S and 15.5(3)S on Cloud Services Router 1000V devices allows local users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges by leveraging administrative access to enter crafted environment variables, aka Bug ID CSCux14943.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5401. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Teradata Gateway before 15.00.03.02-1 and 15.10.x before 15.10.00.01-1 and TD Express before 15.00.02.08_Sles10 and 15.00.02.08_Sles11 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (database crash) via a malformed CONFIG REQUEST message.
Query: risk of GasGauge in Apple watchOS before 2 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CV
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5918. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. GasGauge in Apple watchOS before 2 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5919.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7061. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ASN.1 decoder in Apple OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted certificate, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7059 and CVE-2015-7060.
Query: alert when Detects registry changes to Microsoft Office "VBAWarning" to a value of "1" which enables the execution of all macros, w
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects registry changes to Microsoft Office "VBAWarning" to a value of "1" which enables the execution of all macros, w. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Office Macros Warning Disabled id: 91239011-fe3c-4b54-9f24-15c86bb65913 related: - id: 9b894e57-033f-46cf-b7fa-a52804181973 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects registry changes to Microsoft Office "VBAWarning" to a value of "1" which enables the execution of all macros, whether signed or unsigned. references: - https://twitter.com/inversecos/status/1494174785621819397 - https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/zloader-with-a-new-infection-technique/ - https://securelist.com/scarcruft-surveilling-north-korean-defectors-and-human-rights-activists/105074/ author: Trent Liffick (@tliffick), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-05-22 modified: 2024-03-19 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Security\VBAWarnings Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a "winlogon.exe" process that initiate network communications with public IP addresses. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Outbound Network Connection To Public IP Via Winlogon id: 7610a4ea-c06d-495f-a2ac-0a696abcfd3b status: test description: Detects a "winlogon.exe" process that initiate network communications with public IP addresses references: - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/04/11/guidance-for-investigating-attacks-using-cve-2022-21894-the-blacklotus-campaign/ author: Christopher Peacock @securepeacock, SCYTHE @scythe_io date: 2023-04-28 modified: 2024-03-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.command-and-control - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.011 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \winlogon.exe Initiated: 'true' filter_main_local_ranges: DestinationIp|cidr: - 127.0.0.0/8 - 10.0.0.0/8 - 172.16.0.0/12 - 192.168.0.0/16 - 169.254.0.0/16 - ::1/128 - fe80::/10 - fc00::/7 condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Communication to other corporate systems that use IP addresses from public address spaces level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Directory traversal vulnerability in Konica Minolta FTP Utility 1.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..\ (dot dot backslash) in a RETR command.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7603. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Directory traversal vulnerability in Konica Minolta FTP Utility 1.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..\ (dot dot backslash) in a RETR command.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1490. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 5.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in the management console in Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager (SEPM) 12.1 before 12.1-RU6-MP1 allows remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files via a relative pathname in a client installation package.
Query: actor TTPs: System Firmware
Matching passage: T1542.001 System Firmware. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems.The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) or Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) are examples of system firmware that operate as the software interface between the operating system and hardware of a computer.(Citation: Wikipedia BIOS)(Citation: Wikipedia UEFI)(Citation: About UEFI) System firmware like BIOS and (U)EFI underly the functionality of a computer and may be modified by an adversary to perform or assist in malicious activity. Capabilities exist to overwrite the system firmware, which may give sophisticated adversaries a means to install malicious firmware updates as a means of persistence on a system that may be difficult to detect.
Near-miss passage: T1542.003 Bootkit. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems. A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, allowing malicious code to execute before a computer's operating system has loaded. Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly. In BIOS systems, a bootkit may modify the Master Boot Record (MBR) and/or Volume Boot Record (VBR).(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016) The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS. It is the location of the boot loader. An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code.(Citation: Lau 2011) The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR. Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code. In UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) systems, a bootkit may instead create or modify files in the EFI system partition (ESP). The ESP is a partition on data storage used by devices containing UEFI that allows the system to boot the OS and other utilities used by the system. An adversary can use the newly created or patched files in the ESP to run malicious kernel code.(Citation: Microsoft Security)(Citation: welivesecurity)
Query: write Sigma for Detects when a new credential is added to an existing application. Any additional credentials added outside of expected
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a new credential is added to an existing application. Any additional credentials added outside of expected. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Added Credentials to Existing Application id: cbb67ecc-fb70-4467-9350-c910bdf7c628 status: test description: Detects when a new credential is added to an existing application. Any additional credentials added outside of expected processes could be a malicious actor using those credentials. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-applications#application-credentials author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Bailey Bercik '@baileybercik' date: 2022-05-26 modified: 2025-07-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1098.001 - attack.persistence logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: - Update application – Certificates and secrets management - Update Service principal/Update Application condition: selection falsepositives: - When credentials are added/removed as part of the normal working hours/workflows level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an attacker modifies the registry value of the "hhctrl" to point to a custom binary. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Persistence Via Hhctrl.ocx id: f10ed525-97fe-4fed-be7c-2feecca941b1 status: test description: Detects when an attacker modifies the registry value of the "hhctrl" to point to a custom binary references: - https://persistence-info.github.io/Data/hhctrl.html - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2018/04/23/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-77/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-21 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \CLSID\{52A2AAAE-085D-4187-97EA-8C30DB990436}\InprocServer32\(Default) filter: Details: C:\Windows\System32\hhctrl.ocx condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: vulnerability: The File RepositoRy Server (FRS) CORBA listener in SAP BussinessObjects Edge 4.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a full pathname, aka SAP Note 2018682.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2073. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. The File RepositoRy Server (FRS) CORBA listener in SAP BussinessObjects Edge 4.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a full pathname, aka SAP Note 2018682.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1396. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. A Directory Traversal vulnerability exists in the GNU patch before 2.7.4. A remote attacker can write to arbitrary files via a symlink attack in a patch file. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-1196.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4529
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4529. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in EMC Documentum WebTop before 6.8P02, Documentum Administrator before 7.2P01, Documentum Digital Assets Manager through 6.5SP6, Documentum Web Publishers through 6.5SP7, and Documentum Task Space through 6.7SP2 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0868. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in Mrs. Shiromuku Perl CGI shiromuku(bu2)BBS before 2.91 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading an executable file.
Query: risk of Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.277 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.134 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.451 on Linux allows remote attackers to bypass intended file-up
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0340. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.277 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.134 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.451 on Linux allows remote attackers to bypass intended file-upload restrictions via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4871. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 7u85 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors related to Libraries.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1924
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1924. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1925, CVE-2015-1929, CVE-2015-1930, CVE-2015-1948, CVE-2015-1953, CVE-2015-1954, CVE-2015-1962, CVE-2015-1963, CVE-2015-1964, and CVE-2015-1965.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5942. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. FontParser in Apple iOS before 9.1, OS X before 10.11.1, and watchOS before 2.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5927.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40, and JavaFX 2.2.76, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unkn
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0459. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u81, 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40, and JavaFX 2.2.76, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0491.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6780. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the Infobars implementation in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted web site, related to browser/ui/views/website_settings/website_settings_popup_view.cc.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3174
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3174. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. mod/quiz/db/access.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.8, and 2.8.x before 2.8.6 does not set the RISK_XSS bit for graders, which allows remote authenticated users to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via crafted gradebook feedback during manual quiz grading.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5953. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the activity application in ownCloud Server before 7.0.5 and 8.0.x before 8.0.4 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a " (double quote) character in a filename in a shared folder.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription
Matching passage: T1546.003 Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) event subscription. WMI can be used to install event filters, providers, consumers, and bindings that execute code when a defined event occurs. Examples of events that may be subscribed to are the wall clock time, user login, or the computer's uptime.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2015) Adversaries may use the capabilities of WMI to subscribe to an event and execute arbitrary code when that event occurs, providing persistence on a system.(Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015)(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015) Adversaries may also compile WMI scripts – using `mofcomp.exe` –into Windows Management Object (MOF) files (.mof extension) that can be used to create a malicious subscription.(Citation: Dell WMI Persistence)(Citation: Microsoft MOF May 2018) WMI subscription execution is proxied by the WMI Provider Host process (WmiPrvSe.exe) and thus may result in elevated SYSTEM privileges.
Near-miss passage: T1546.002 Screensaver. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver) The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\Windows\System32\</code>, and <code>C:\Windows\sysWOW64\</code> on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations. The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\Control Panel\Desktop\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence: * <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path * <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver * <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock * <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed Adversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2203
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2203. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. Evergreen 2.5.9, 2.6.7, and 2.7.4 allows remote authenticated users with STAFF_LOGIN permission to obtain sensitive settings history information by leveraging listing of open-ils.pcrud as a controller in the IDL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4981. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS) 3.5.x before 3.5.0.27 and 4.1.x before 4.1.1.2 and Spectrum Scale 4.1.1.x before 4.1.1.2 allow local users to obtain sensitive information from system memory via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-10031
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10031. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in purpleparrots 491-Project. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file update.php of the component Highscore Handler. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The name of the patch is a812a5e4cf72f2a635a716086fe1ee2b8fa0b1ab. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217648.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3325. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in forum.php in the WP Symposium plugin before 15.4 for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the show parameter in the QUERY_STRING to the default URI.
Query: execution using Graphical User Interface
Matching passage: T1061 Graphical User Interface. Tactics: execution. Description: **This technique has been deprecated. Please use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) where appropriate.** The Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is a common way to interact with an operating system. Adversaries may use a system's GUI during an operation, commonly through a remote interactive session such as [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1076), instead of through a [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059), to search for information and execute files via mouse double-click events, the Windows Run command (Citation: Wikipedia Run Command), or other potentially difficult to monitor interactions.
Near-miss passage: T1574.014 AppDomainManager. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking how the .NET `AppDomainManager` loads assemblies. The .NET framework uses the `AppDomainManager` class to create and manage one or more isolated runtime environments (called application domains) inside a process to host the execution of .NET applications. Assemblies (`.exe` or `.dll` binaries compiled to run as .NET code) may be loaded into an application domain as executable code.(Citation: Microsoft App Domains) Known as "AppDomainManager injection," adversaries may execute arbitrary code by hijacking how .NET applications load assemblies. For example, malware may create a custom application domain inside a target process to load and execute an arbitrary assembly. Alternatively, configuration files (`.config`) or process environment variables that define .NET runtime settings may be tampered with to instruct otherwise benign .NET applications to load a malicious assembly (identified by name) into the target process.(Citation: PenTestLabs AppDomainManagerInject)(Citation: PwC Yellow Liderc)(Citation: Rapid7 AppDomain Manager Injection)
Query: CWE for Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
Matching passage: CWE-401 Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime. The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.
Near-miss passage: CWE-231 Improper Handling of Extra Values. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when more values are provided than expected.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3316
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3316. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. CA Common Services, as used in CA Client Automation r12.5 SP01, r12.8, and r12.9; CA Network and Systems Management r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA NSM Job Management Option r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA Universal Job Management Agent; CA Virtual Assurance for Infrastructure Managers (aka SystemEDGE) 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, and 12.9; and CA Workload Automation AE r11, r11.3, r11.3.5, and r11.3.6 on UNIX, allows local users to gain privileges via an unspecified environment variable.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0352. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0347, CVE-2015-0350, CVE-2015-0353, CVE-2015-0354, CVE-2015-0355, CVE-2015-0360, CVE-2015-3038, CVE-2015-3041, CVE-2015-3042, and CVE-2015-3043.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8653. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted MPEG-4 data, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, CVE-2015-8454, CVE-2015-8655, CVE-2015-8821, and CVE-2015-8822.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2515. CWE: CWE-416. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Windows Shell in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted toolbar object, aka "Toolbar Use After Free Vulnerability."