alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detection rule: Detect indirect command execution via Program Compatibility Assistant pcwrun.exe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect indirect command execution via Program Compatibility Assistant pcwrun.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Indirect Command Execution By Program Compatibility Wizard id: b97cd4b1-30b8-4a9d-bd72-6293928d52bc status: test description: Detect indirect command execution via Program Compatibility Assistant pcwrun.exe references: - https://twitter.com/pabraeken/status/991335019833708544 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Pcwrun/ author: A. Sungurov , oscd.community date: 2020-10-12 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \pcwrun.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Need to use extra processing with 'unique_count' / 'filter' to focus on outliers as opposed to commonly seen artifacts - Legit usage of scripts level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious powershell command line parameters used in Empire. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Empire PowerShell Launch Parameters id: 79f4ede3-402e-41c8-bc3e-ebbf5f162581 status: test description: Detects suspicious powershell command line parameters used in Empire references: - https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/c2ba61ca8d2031dad0cfc1d5770ba723e8b710db/lib/common/helpers.py#L165 - https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/e37fb2eef8ff8f5a0a689f1589f424906fe13055/lib/modules/powershell/persistence/powerbreach/deaduser.py#L191 - https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/e37fb2eef8ff8f5a0a689f1589f424906fe13055/lib/modules/powershell/persistence/powerbreach/resolver.py#L178 - https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/e37fb2eef8ff8f5a0a689f1589f424906fe13055/data/module_source/privesc/Invoke-EventVwrBypass.ps1#L64 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-04-20 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - ' -NoP -sta -NonI -W Hidden -Enc ' - ' -noP -sta -w 1 -enc ' - ' -NoP -NonI -W Hidden -enc ' - ' -noP -sta -w 1 -enc' - ' -enc SQB' - ' -nop -exec bypass -EncodedCommand ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Other tools that incidentally use the same command line parameters level: high
Query: CWE for Path Equivalence: Windows 8.3 Filename
Matching passage: CWE-58 Path Equivalence: Windows 8.3 Filename. The product contains a protection mechanism that restricts access to a long filename on a Windows operating system, but it does not properly restrict access to the equivalent short 8.3 filename.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1248 Semiconductor Defects in Hardware Logic with Security-Sensitive Implications. The security-sensitive hardware module contains semiconductor defects.
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Homepage Decorator PerlTreeBBS 2.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0873. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Homepage Decorator PerlTreeBBS 2.30 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4714. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the DreamBox DM500-S allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the mode parameter to /body.
Query: how to detect Shortcut Modification
Matching passage: T1547.009 Shortcut Modification. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login. Shortcuts or symbolic links are used to reference other files or programs that will be opened or executed when the shortcut is clicked or executed by a system startup process. Adversaries may abuse shortcuts in the startup folder to execute their tools and achieve persistence.(Citation: Shortcut for Persistence ) Although often used as payloads in an infection chain (e.g. [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)), adversaries may also create a new shortcut as a means of indirection, while also abusing [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the malicious shortcut appear as a legitimate program. Adversaries can also edit the target path or entirely replace an existing shortcut so their malware will be executed instead of the intended legitimate program. Shortcuts can also be abused to establish persistence by implementing other methods. For example, LNK browser extensions may be modified (e.g. [Browser Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/001)) to persistently launch malware.
Near-miss passage: T1547 Boot or Logon Autostart Execution. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon to maintain persistence or gain higher-level privileges on compromised systems. Operating systems may have mechanisms for automatically running a program on system boot or account logon.(Citation: Microsoft Run Key)(Citation: MSDN Authentication Packages)(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider)(Citation: Cylance Reg Persistence Sept 2013)(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) These mechanisms may include automatically executing programs that are placed in specially designated directories or are referenced by repositories that store configuration information, such as the Windows Registry. An adversary may achieve the same goal by modifying or extending features of the kernel. Since some boot or logon autostart programs run with higher privileges, an adversary may leverage these to elevate privileges.
Query: vulnerability: An improper input validation vulnerability in CA Privileged Access Manager 2.4.4.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4664. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. An improper input validation vulnerability in CA Privileged Access Manager 2.4.4.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5248. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. Reflected file download vulnerability in Red Hat Feedhenry Enterprise Mobile Application Platform.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5906
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5906. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The HTML form implementation in WebKit in Apple iOS before 9 does not prevent QuickType access to the final character of a password, which might make it easier for remote attackers to discover a password by leveraging a later prediction containing that character.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0076. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The photo-decoder implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly initialize memory for rendering of JXR images, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via a crafted web site, aka "JPEG XR Parser Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
Query: detect Web Services
Matching passage: T1583.006 Web Services. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may register for web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). Using common services, such as those offered by Google, GitHub, or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise.(Citation: FireEye APT29)(Citation: Hacker News GitHub Abuse 2024) By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.
Near-miss passage: T1583.001 Domains. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting. Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free. Adversaries may use acquired domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). Adversaries may also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) and different character sets (e.g. Cyrillic, Greek, etc.) to execute "IDN homograph attacks," creating visually similar lookalike domains used to deliver malware to victim machines.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)(Citation: tt_httrack_fake_domains)(Citation: tt_obliqueRAT)(Citation: httrack_unhcr)(Citation: lazgroup_idn_phishing) Different URIs/URLs may also be dynamically generated to uniquely serve malicious content to victims (including one-time, single use domain names).(Citation: iOS URL Scheme)(Citation: URI)(Citation: URI Use)(Citation: URI Unique) Adversaries may also acquire and repurpose expired domains, which may be potentially already allowlisted/trusted by defenders based on an existing reputation/history.(Citation: Categorisation_not_boundary)(Citation: Domain_Steal_CC)(Citation: Redirectors_Domain_Fronting)(Citation: bypass_webproxy_filtering) Domain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. Adversaries may use such pr
Query: describe CVE-2015-4819
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4819. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.44 and earlier, and 5.6.25 and earlier, allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Client programs.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0462. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Transportation Management component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 6.1, 6.2, 6.3.0, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, 6.3.5, and 6.3.6 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Query: detect Identifies when a user has been assigned a privilege role and are not using that role. in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a user has been assigned a privilege role and are not using that role.. Logsource: azure / pim. Rule: title: Roles Are Not Being Used id: 8c6ec464-4ae4-43ac-936a-291da66ed13d status: test description: Identifies when a user has been assigned a privilege role and are not using that role. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/privileged-identity-management/pim-how-to-configure-security-alerts#administrators-arent-using-their-privileged-roles author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-14 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: azure service: pim detection: selection: riskEventType: redundantAssignmentAlertIncident condition: selection falsepositives: - Investigate if potential generic account that cannot be removed. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the recovery of files from backups via "wbadmin.exe". Attackers can restore sensitive files such as NTDS.DIT or. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Recovery From Backup Via Wbadmin.EXE id: 6fe4aa1e-0531-4510-8be2-782154b73b48 related: - id: 84972c80-251c-4c3a-9079-4f00aad93938 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects the recovery of files from backups via "wbadmin.exe". Attackers can restore sensitive files such as NTDS.DIT or Registry Hives from backups in order to potentially extract credentials. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/wbadmin-start-recovery - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wbadmin/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2024-05-10 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1490 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \wbadmin.exe - OriginalFileName: WBADMIN.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' recovery' - recoveryTarget - itemtype:File condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1090
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1090. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. CFNetwork in Apple iOS before 8.3 does not delete HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) state information in response to a Safari history-clearing action, which allows attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading a history file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5880. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. CoreAnimation in Apple iOS before 9 allows attackers to bypass intended IOSurface restrictions and obtain screen-framebuffer access via a crafted background app.
Query: SIEM correlation: discovery activity consistent with Domain Trust Discovery
Matching passage: T1482 Domain Trust Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to gather information on domain trust relationships that may be used to identify lateral movement opportunities in Windows multi-domain/forest environments. Domain trusts provide a mechanism for a domain to allow access to resources based on the authentication procedures of another domain.(Citation: Microsoft Trusts) Domain trusts allow the users of the trusted domain to access resources in the trusting domain. The information discovered may help the adversary conduct [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005), [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003), and [Kerberoasting](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/003).(Citation: AdSecurity Forging Trust Tickets)(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) Domain trusts can be enumerated using the `DSEnumerateDomainTrusts()` Win32 API call, .NET methods, and LDAP.(Citation: Harmj0y Domain Trusts) The Windows utility [Nltest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0359) is known to be used by adversaries to enumerate domain trusts.(Citation: Microsoft Operation Wilysupply)
Near-miss passage: T1069.002 Domain Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. Commands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 39.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application cra
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2726. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 39.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2494. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2486, CVE-2015-2487, CVE-2015-2490, CVE-2015-2492, CVE-2015-2498, and CVE-2015-2499.
Query: detect Network Share Connection Removal
Matching passage: T1070.005 Network Share Connection Removal. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed. [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\system\share /delete</code> command. (Citation: Technet Net Use)
Near-miss passage: T1070.003 Clear Command History. Tactics: stealth. Description: In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an intrusion. Various command interpreters keep track of the commands users type in their terminal so that users can retrace what they've done. On Linux and macOS, these command histories can be accessed in a few different ways. While logged in, this command history is tracked in a file pointed to by the environment variable <code>HISTFILE</code>. When a user logs off a system, this information is flushed to a file in the user's home directory called <code>~/.bash_history</code>. The benefit of this is that it allows users to go back to commands they've used before in different sessions. Adversaries may delete their commands from these logs by manually clearing the history (<code>history -c</code>) or deleting the bash history file <code>rm ~/.bash_history</code>. Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to clear command history data (<code>clear logging</code> and/or <code>clear history</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) On ESXi servers, command history may be manually removed from the `/var/log/shell.log` file.(Citation: Broadcom ESXi Shell Audit) On Windows hosts, PowerShell has two different command history providers: the built-in history and the command history managed by the <code>PSReadLine</code> module. The built-in history only tracks the commands used in the current session. This command history is not available to other sessions and is deleted when the session ends. The <code>PSReadLine</code> command history tracks the commands used in all PowerShell sessions and writes them to a file (<code>$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadLine\ConsoleHost_history.txt</code> by default). This history file is available to all sessions and contains all past history since the file is not deleted when the session ends.(Citation: Micros
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6934
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6934. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Serialized-object interfaces in VMware vRealize Orchestrator 6.x, vCenter Orchestrator 5.x, vRealize Operations 6.x, vCenter Operations 5.x, and vCenter Application Discovery Manager (vADM) 7.x allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted serialized Java object, related to the Apache Commons Collections library.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8720. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. The dissect_ber_GeneralizedTime function in epan/dissectors/packet-ber.c in the BER dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.9 and 2.0.x before 2.0.1 improperly checks an sscanf return value, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted packet.
Query: exploit Microsoft Edge mishandles HTML attributes in HTTP responses, which allows remote attackers to bypass a cross-site scripting (XSS) protection mechanism via unspecified vectors, aka 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6058. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Edge mishandles HTML attributes in HTTP responses, which allows remote attackers to bypass a cross-site scripting (XSS) protection mechanism via unspecified vectors, aka "Microsoft Edge XSS Filter Bypass."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9444. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The altos-connect plugin 1.3.0 for WordPress has XSS via the wp-content/plugins/altos-connect/jquery-validate/demo/demo/captcha/index.php/ PATH_SELF.
Query: persistence using Security Support Provider
Matching passage: T1547.005 Security Support Provider. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse security support providers (SSPs) to execute DLLs when the system boots. Windows SSP DLLs are loaded into the Local Security Authority (LSA) process at system start. Once loaded into the LSA, SSP DLLs have access to encrypted and plaintext passwords that are stored in Windows, such as any logged-on user's Domain password or smart card PINs. The SSP configuration is stored in two Registry keys: <code>HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\Security Packages</code> and <code>HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\OSConfig\Security Packages</code>. An adversary may modify these Registry keys to add new SSPs, which will be loaded the next time the system boots, or when the AddSecurityPackage Windows API function is called.(Citation: Graeber 2014)
Near-miss passage: T1547.013 XDG Autostart Entries. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may add or modify XDG Autostart Entries to execute malicious programs or commands when a user’s desktop environment is loaded at login. XDG Autostart entries are available for any XDG-compliant Linux system. XDG Autostart entries use Desktop Entry files (`.desktop`) to configure the user’s desktop environment upon user login. These configuration files determine what applications launch upon user login, define associated applications to open specific file types, and define applications used to open removable media.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)(Citation: Free Desktop Entry Keys) Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by adding a path to a malicious binary or command to the `Exec` directive in the `.desktop` configuration file. When the user’s desktop environment is loaded at user login, the `.desktop` files located in the XDG Autostart directories are automatically executed. System-wide Autostart entries are located in the `/etc/xdg/autostart` directory while the user entries are located in the `~/.config/autostart` directory. Adversaries may combine this technique with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to blend malicious Autostart entries with legitimate programs.(Citation: Red Canary Netwire Linux 2022)