alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detection rule: Detects potential credential dumping via Windows Error Reporting LSASS Shtinkering technique which uses the Windows Erro
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential credential dumping via Windows Error Reporting LSASS Shtinkering technique which uses the Windows Erro. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Via WER id: 9a4ccd1a-3526-4d99-b980-9f9c5d3a6ff3 status: test description: Detects potential credential dumping via Windows Error Reporting LSASS Shtinkering technique which uses the Windows Error Reporting to dump lsass references: - https://github.com/deepinstinct/Lsass-Shtinkering - https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Asaf%20Gilboa%20-%20LSASS%20Shtinkering%20Abusing%20Windows%20Error%20Reporting%20to%20Dump%20LSASS.pdf author: '@pbssubhash , Nasreddine Bencherchali' date: 2022-12-08 modified: 2022-12-09 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \Werfault.exe - OriginalFileName: WerFault.exe selection_cli: ParentUser|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI User|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -u -p ' - ' -ip ' - ' -s ' filter_lsass: ParentImage: C:\Windows\System32\lsass.exe condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Windows Error Reporting might produce similar behavior. In that case, check the PID associated with the "-p" parameter in the CommandLine. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects COM object hijacking via TreatAs subkey. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential COM Object Hijacking Via TreatAs Subkey - Registry id: 9b0f8a61-91b2-464f-aceb-0527e0a45020 status: test description: Detects COM object hijacking via TreatAs subkey references: - https://bohops.com/2018/08/18/abusing-the-com-registry-structure-part-2-loading-techniques-for-evasion-and-persistence/ author: Kutepov Anton, oscd.community date: 2019-10-23 modified: 2025-10-26 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1546.015 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - HKU\ - Classes\CLSID\ - \TreatAs filter_main_svchost: Image: C:\WINDOWS\system32\svchost.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Maybe some system utilities in rare cases use linking keys for backward compatibility level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_persistence_com_key_linking/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: COM hijacking via TreatAs technique: T1546.015 atomic_guid: 33eacead-f117-4863-8eb0-5c6304fbfaa9
Query: adversary uses Make and Impersonate Token
Matching passage: T1134.003 Make and Impersonate Token. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function.(Citation: LogonUserW function) The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread. This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one.
Near-miss passage: T1134.004 Parent PID Spoofing. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) Explicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated vi
Query: SOC alert related to Clear Windows Event Logs
Matching passage: T1685.005 Clear Windows Event Logs. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion. Windows Event Logs are a record of a computer's alerts and notifications. There are three system-defined sources of events: System, Application, and Security, with five event types: Error, Warning, Information, Success Audit, and Failure Audit. With administrator privileges, the event logs can be cleared with the following utility commands: * `wevtutil cl system` * `wevtutil cl application` * `wevtutil cl security` These logs may also be cleared through other mechanisms, such as the event viewer GUI or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). For example, adversaries may use the PowerShell command `Remove-EventLog -LogName Security` to delete the Security EventLog and after reboot, disable future logging. Note: events may still be generated and logged in the .evtx file between the time the command is run and the reboot.(Citation: disable_win_evt_logging) Adversaries may also attempt to clear logs by directly deleting the stored log files within `C:\Windows\System32\winevt\logs\`.
Near-miss passage: T1685 Disable or Modify Tools. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable, degrade, or tamper with security tools or applications (e.g., endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools, intrusion detection systems (IDS), antivirus, logging agents, sensors, etc.) to impair or reduce visibility of defensive capabilities. This may include stopping specific services, killing processes, modifying or deleting tool configuration files and Registry keys, or preventing tools from updating. This may also include impairing defenses more broadly by disrupting preventative, detection, and response mechanisms across host, network, and cloud environments.(Citation: SCADAfence_ransomware) In addition to directly targeting tools, adversaries may block or manipulate indicators and telemetry used for detection. This includes maliciously disabling or redirecting sensors such as Event Tracing for Windows (ETW), modifying event log configurations (e.g., redirecting Security logs), or interfering with logging pipelines and forwarding mechanisms (e.g., SIEM ingestion).(Citation: Microsoft Lamin Sept 2017)(Citation: ETW Palantir) More advanced techniques include leveraging legitimate drivers or debugging mechanisms to render tools non-functional, bypassing anti-tampering protections, and targeting specific defenses such as Sysmon or cloud monitoring agents. Adversaries may also disrupt broader defensive operations, including update mechanisms, logging infrastructure (e.g., syslog), or event aggregation, further degrading an organization’s ability to detect and respond to malicious activity.(Citation: Cocomazzi FIN7 Reboot)
Query: detect Detects user agent and URI paths used by empire agents in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects user agent and URI paths used by empire agents. Logsource: proxy. Rule: title: HackTool - Empire UserAgent URI Combo id: b923f7d6-ac89-4a50-a71a-89fb846b4aa8 status: test description: Detects user agent and URI paths used by empire agents references: - https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-07-13 modified: 2024-02-26 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: proxy detection: selection: c-useragent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko cs-uri: - /admin/get.php - /news.php - /login/process.php cs-method: POST condition: selection falsepositives: - Valid requests with this exact user agent to server scripts of the defined names level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse container files such as disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that ma. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Suspicious Invoke-Item From Mount-DiskImage id: 902cedee-0398-4e3a-8183-6f3a89773a96 status: test description: Adversaries may abuse container files such as disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1553.005/T1553.005.md#atomic-test-2---mount-an-iso-image-and-run-executable-from-the-iso - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/storage/mount-diskimage?view=windowsserver2022-ps author: frack113 date: 2022-02-01 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1553.005 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - 'Mount-DiskImage ' - '-ImagePath ' - Get-Volume - .DriveLetter - 'invoke-item ' - ):\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate PowerShell scripts level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-8105
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8105. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in program/js/app.js in Roundcube webmail before 1.0.7 and 1.1.x before 1.1.3 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the file name in a drag-n-drop file upload.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6913. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the "Create download task via URL" feature in Synology Download Station before 3.5-2967 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the urls parameter in an add_url_task action to dlm/downloadman.cgi.
Query: hunt for Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation activity
Matching passage: T1621 Multi-Factor Authentication Request Generation. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to bypass multi-factor authentication (MFA) mechanisms and gain access to accounts by generating MFA requests sent to users. Adversaries in possession of credentials to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) may be unable to complete the login process if they lack access to the 2FA or MFA mechanisms required as an additional credential and security control. To circumvent this, adversaries may abuse the automatic generation of push notifications to MFA services such as Duo Push, Microsoft Authenticator, Okta, or similar services to have the user grant access to their account. If adversaries lack credentials to victim accounts, they may also abuse automatic push notification generation when this option is configured for self-service password reset (SSPR).(Citation: Obsidian SSPR Abuse 2023) In some cases, adversaries may continuously repeat login attempts in order to bombard users with MFA push notifications, SMS messages, and phone calls, potentially resulting in the user finally accepting the authentication request in response to “MFA fatigue.”(Citation: Russian 2FA Push Annoyance - Cimpanu)(Citation: MFA Fatigue Attacks - PortSwigger)(Citation: Suspected Russian Activity Targeting Government and Business Entities Around the Globe)
Near-miss passage: T1555 Credentials from Password Stores. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.(Citation: F-Secure The Dukes) Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.
Query: secure coding against Covert Storage Channel
Matching passage: CWE-515 Covert Storage Channel. A covert storage channel transfers information through the setting of bits by one program and the reading of those bits by another. What distinguishes this case from that of ordinary operation is that the bits are used to convey encoded information.
Near-miss passage: CWE-548 Exposure of Information Through Directory Listing. The product inappropriately exposes a directory listing with an index of all the resources located inside of the directory.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in the Color object implementation in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8447. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the Color object implementation in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted setTransform arguments, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1587. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in file_to_index.php in Maarch LetterBox 2.8 and earlier and GEC/GED 1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a PHP extension, then accessing it via a request to a predictable filename in tmp/.
Query: alert when Detects a suspicious RDP session redirect using tscon.exe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious RDP session redirect using tscon.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious RDP Redirect Using TSCON id: f72aa3e8-49f9-4c7d-bd74-f8ab84ff9bbb status: test description: Detects a suspicious RDP session redirect using tscon.exe references: - http://www.korznikov.com/2017/03/0-day-or-feature-privilege-escalation.html - https://medium.com/@networksecurity/rdp-hijacking-how-to-hijack-rds-and-remoteapp-sessions-transparently-to-move-through-an-da2a1e73a5f6 - https://www.hackingarticles.in/rdp-session-hijacking-with-tscon/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-03-17 modified: 2023-05-16 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1563.002 - attack.t1021.001 - car.2013-07-002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: ' /dest:rdp-tcp#' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with "INSTALLDRIVER" which installs a new ODBC driver. Attackers abuse this to install a. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Driver/DLL Installation Via Odbcconf.EXE id: 3f5491e2-8db8-496b-9e95-1029fce852d4 related: - id: cb0fe7c5-f3a3-484d-aa25-d350a7912729 type: similar status: test description: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with "INSTALLDRIVER" which installs a new ODBC driver. Attackers abuse this to install and run malicious DLLs. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Odbcconf/ - https://web.archive.org/web/20191023232753/https://twitter.com/Hexacorn/status/1187143326673330176 - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2020/08/23/odbcconf-lolbin-trifecta/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-22 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.008 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \odbcconf.exe - OriginalFileName: odbcconf.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'INSTALLDRIVER ' - .dll condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate driver DLLs being registered via "odbcconf" will generate false positives. Investigate the path of the DLL and its contents to determine if the action is authorized. level: medium
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Develop Capabilities
Matching passage: T1587 Develop Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.
Near-miss passage: T1587.004 Exploits. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting. An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts. As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation: Irongeek Sims BSides 2017) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit. Adversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), [Exploitation for Stealth](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).
Query: describe CVE-2015-10050
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10050. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in brandonfire miRNA_Database_by_PHP_MySql. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function __construct/select_single_rna/count_rna of the file inc/model.php. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The patch is identified as 307c5d510841e6142ddcbbdbb93d0e8a0dc3fd6a. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-218374 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10020. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability has been found in ssn2013 cis450Project and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function addUser of the file HeatMapServer/src/com/datformers/servlet/AddAppUser.java. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The name of the patch is 39b495011437a105c7670e17e071f99195b4922e. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-218380.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6838
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6838. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. The xsl_ext_function_php function in ext/xsl/xsltprocessor.c in PHP before 5.4.45, 5.5.x before 5.5.29, and 5.6.x before 5.6.13, when libxml2 before 2.9.2 is used, does not consider the possibility of a NULL valuePop return value before proceeding with a free operation after the principal argument loop, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted XML document, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6837.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8449. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the MovieClip object implementation in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted lineTo method call, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.