alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: adversary uses Develop Capabilities
Matching passage: T1587 Develop Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.
Near-miss passage: T1587.001 Malware. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB) During malware development, adversaries may intentionally include indicators aligned with other known actors in order to mislead attribution by defenders.(Citation: Olympic Destroyer)(Citation: Risky Bulletin Threat actor impersonates FSB APT)(Citation: GamaCopy organization) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware. Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0825
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0825. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Stack-based buffer underflow in the mozilla::MP3FrameParser::ParseBuffer function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via a malformed MP3 file that improperly interacts with memory allocation during playback.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6585. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. hwpapp.dll in Hangul Word Processor allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted heap spray, and by leveraging a "type confusion" via an HWPX file containing a crafted para text tag.
Query: EDR alert: possible AppCert DLLs (T1546.009)
Matching passage: T1546.009 AppCert DLLs. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.
Near-miss passage: T1546.001 Change Default File Association. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a file type association. When a file is opened, the default program used to open the file (also called the file association or handler) is checked. File association selections are stored in the Windows Registry and can be edited by users, administrators, or programs that have Registry access or by administrators using the built-in assoc utility.(Citation: Microsoft Change Default Programs)(Citation: Microsoft File Handlers)(Citation: Microsoft Assoc Oct 2017) Applications can modify the file association for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened. System file associations are listed under <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.[extension]</code>, for example <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.txt</code>. The entries point to a handler for that extension located at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]</code>. The various commands are then listed as subkeys underneath the shell key at <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\\[handler]\shell\\[action]\command</code>. For example: * <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\txtfile\shell\open\command</code> * <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\txtfile\shell\print\command</code> * <code>HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\txtfile\shell\printto\command</code> The values of the keys listed are commands that are executed when the handler opens the file extension. Adversaries can modify these values to continually execute arbitrary commands.(Citation: TrendMicro TROJ-FAKEAV OCT 2012)
Query: risk of EasyIO EasyIO-30P-SF controllers with firmware before 0.5.21 and 2.x before 2.0.5.21, as used in Accutrol, Bar-Tech Automation, Infocon/EasyIO, Honeywell Automation India, Johnson 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3974. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 9.0. EasyIO EasyIO-30P-SF controllers with firmware before 0.5.21 and 2.x before 2.0.5.21, as used in Accutrol, Bar-Tech Automation, Infocon/EasyIO, Honeywell Automation India, Johnson Controls, SyxthSENSE, Transformative Wave Technologies, Tridium Asia Pacific, and Tridium Europe products, have a hardcoded password, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4684. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 6.5. Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in Polycom RealPresence Resource Manager (aka RPRM) before 8.4 allow (1) remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the Modifier parameter to PlcmRmWeb/FileDownload; or remote authenticated administrators to upload arbitrary files via the (2) Filename or (3) SE_FNAME parameter to PlcmRmWeb/FileUpload or to read and remove arbitrary files via the (4) filePathName parameter in an importSipUriReservations SOAP request to PlcmRmWeb/JUserManager.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3089. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3078, CVE-2015-3090, and CVE-2015-3093.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3667. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. QT Media Foundation in Apple QuickTime before 7.7.7, as used in OS X before 10.10.4 and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3661, CVE-2015-3662, CVE-2015-3663, CVE-2015-3666, and CVE-2015-3668.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6575
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6575. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. SampleTable.cpp in libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48I does not properly consider integer promotion, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (integer overflow and memory corruption) via crafted atoms in MP4 data, aka internal bug 20139950, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1538. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-7915, CVE-2014-7916, and/or CVE-2014-7917.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3228. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the gs_heap_alloc_bytes function in base/gsmalloc.c in Ghostscript 9.15 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted Postscript (ps) file, as demonstrated by using the ps2pdf command, which triggers an out-of-bounds read or write.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of reg.exe to disable the Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) Autologger session for Windows Defender API an. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Disabling Windows Defender WMI Autologger Session via Reg.exe id: a1b2c3d4-e5f6-a7b8-c9d0-e1f2a3b4c5d6 related: - id: f37b4bce-49d0-4087-9f5b-58bffda77316 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the use of reg.exe to disable the Event Tracing for Windows (ETW) Autologger session for Windows Defender API and Audit events. By setting the ''Start'' value to ''0'' for the ''DefenderApiLogger'' or ''DefenderAuditLogger'' session, an attacker can prevent these critical security events from being logged, effectively blinding monitoring tools that rely on this data. This is a powerful defense evasion technique. ' references: - https://research.splunk.com/endpoint/76406a0f-f5e0-4167-8e1f-337fdc0f1b0c/ - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/etw/configuring-and-starting-an-autologger-session - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/ - https://blog.malwarebytes.com/malwarebytes-news/2021/02/lazyscripter-from-empire-to-double-rat/ - https://www.binarly.io/blog/design-issues-of-modern-edrs-bypassing-etw-based-solutions author: Matt Anderson (Huntress) date: 2025-07-09 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_reg_path: CommandLine|contains: - \Control\WMI\Autologger\DefenderApiLogger\Start - \Control\WMI\Autologger\DefenderAuditLogger\Start selection_reg_add: CommandLine|contains|all: - add - '0' filter_main_enable: CommandLine|contains: '0x00000001' condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Highly unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potentially uncommon child processes of SndVol.exe (the Windows volume mixer). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon Child Processes Of SndVol.exe id: ba42babc-0666-4393-a4f7-ceaf5a69191e status: test description: Detects potentially uncommon child processes of SndVol.exe (the Windows volume mixer) references: - https://twitter.com/Max_Mal_/status/1661322732456353792 author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-09 tags: - attack.execution logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \SndVol.exe filter_main_rundll32: Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe CommandLine|contains: ' shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL ' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7667
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7667. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in (1) templates/admanagement/admanagement.php and (2) templates/adspot/adspot.php in the ResAds plugin before 1.0.2 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the page parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5667. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HTML-Scrubber module before 0.15 for Perl, when the comment feature is enabled, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted comment.
Query: vulnerability: The h264_slice_header_init function in libavcodec/h264_slice.c in FFmpeg before 2.8.3 does not validate the relationship between the number of threads and the number of slices, whi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8661. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.300000190734863. The h264_slice_header_init function in libavcodec/h264_slice.c in FFmpeg before 2.8.3 does not validate the relationship between the number of threads and the number of slices, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds array access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted H.264 data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2093. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the Connect function in the WebGate WebEyeAudio ActiveX control allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted value.
Query: Suspicious Credentials In Files execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1552.001 Credentials In Files. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords. It is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003).(Citation: CG 2014) Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller.(Citation: SRD GPP) In cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)
Near-miss passage: T1552.004 Private Keys. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) When a device is registered to Entra ID, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device’s identity.(Citation: Microsoft Primary Refresh Token) An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities) On network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys) Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8806
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8806. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. dict.c in libxml2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via an unexpected character immediately after the "<!DOCTYPE html" substring in a crafted HTML document.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6707. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ANSendForReview method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0572
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0572. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 7.0. Multiple race conditions in drivers/char/adsprpc.c and drivers/char/adsprpc_compat.c in the ADSPRPC driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allow attackers to cause a denial of service (zero-value write) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a COMPAT_FASTRPC_IOCTL_INVOKE_FD ioctl call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5232. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. Race conditions in opa-fm before 10.4.0.0.196 and opa-ff before 10.4.0.0.197.
Query: vulnerability: XNU in the kernel in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly initialize an unspecified data structure, which allows local users to obtain sensitive memory-layout information via unkno
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5842. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. XNU in the kernel in Apple iOS before 9 does not properly initialize an unspecified data structure, which allows local users to obtain sensitive memory-layout information via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0174. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The SNMP implementation in IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 8.5 before 8.5.5.5 does not properly handle configuration data, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8874
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8874. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Stack consumption vulnerability in GD in PHP before 5.6.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted imagefilltoborder call.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0824. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. The mozilla::layers::BufferTextureClient::AllocateForSurface function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write of zero values, and application crash) via vectors that trigger use of DrawTarget and the Cairo library for image drawing.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8646. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.233, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.233, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.233 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8634, CVE-2015-8635, CVE-2015-8638, CVE-2015-8639, CVE-2015-8640, CVE-2015-8641, CVE-2015-8642, CVE-2015-8643, CVE-2015-8647, CVE-2015-8648, CVE-2015-8649, and CVE-2015-8650.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8818. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.5. The cpu_physical_memory_write_rom_internal function in exec.c in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) does not properly skip MMIO regions, which allows local privileged guest users to cause a denial of service (guest crash) via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3679
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3679. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Apple Type Services (ATS) in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3680, CVE-2015-3681, and CVE-2015-3682.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6065. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6078.
Query: detect Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "network" flag in order to retrieve information about the network con in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "network" flag in order to retrieve information about the network con. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: ESXi Network Configuration Discovery Via ESXCLI id: 33e814e0-1f00-4e43-9c34-31fb7ae2b174 status: test description: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "network" flag in order to retrieve information about the network configuration. references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/hypervisor-jackpotting-ecrime-actors-increase-targeting-of-esxi-servers/ - https://developer.broadcom.com/xapis/esxcli-command-reference/7.0.0/namespace/esxcli_network.html author: Cedric Maurugeon date: 2023-09-04 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.execution - attack.t1033 - attack.t1007 - attack.t1059.012 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: /esxcli CommandLine|contains: network selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - ' get' - ' list' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects creation of a malicious DLL file in the location where the OneDrive or Team applications Upon execution of the T. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Malicious DLL File Dropped in the Teams or OneDrive Folder id: 1908fcc1-1b92-4272-8214-0fbaf2fa5163 status: test description: 'Detects creation of a malicious DLL file in the location where the OneDrive or Team applications Upon execution of the Teams or OneDrive application, the dropped malicious DLL file ("iphlpapi.dll") is sideloaded ' references: - https://blog.cyble.com/2022/07/27/targeted-attacks-being-carried-out-via-dll-sideloading/ author: frack113 date: 2022-08-12 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains|all: - iphlpapi.dll - \AppData\Local\Microsoft condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high