alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: SIEM correlation: execution activity consistent with User Execution
Matching passage: T1204 User Execution. Tactics: execution. Description: An adversary may rely upon specific actions by a user in order to gain execution. Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to execute malicious code by, for example, opening a malicious document file or link. These user actions will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from forms of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). While [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534). Adversaries may also deceive users into performing actions such as: * Enabling [Remote Access Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219), allowing direct control of the system to the adversary * Running malicious JavaScript in their browser, allowing adversaries to [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539)s(Citation: Talos Roblox Scam 2023)(Citation: Krebs Discord Bookmarks 2023) * Downloading and executing malware for [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) * Coerceing users to copy, paste, and execute malicious code manually(Citation: Reliaquest-execution)(Citation: proofpoint-selfpwn) For example, tech support scams can be facilitated through [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), vishing, or various forms of user interaction. Adversaries can use a combination of these methods, such as spoofing and promoting toll-free numbers or call centers that are used to direct victims to malicious websites, to deliver and execute payloads containing malware or [Remote Access Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1219).(Citation: Telephone Attack Delivery)
Near-miss passage: T1204.001 Malicious Link. Tactics: execution. Description: An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to gain execution. Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to click on a link that will lead to code execution. This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002). Clicking on a link may also lead to other execution techniques such as exploitation of a browser or application vulnerability via [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203). Links may also lead users to download files that require execution via [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002).
Query: detection rule: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation VAR+ Launcher id: 27aec9c9-dbb0-4939-8422-1742242471d0 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated use of Environment Variables to execute PowerShell references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Jonathan Cheong, oscd.community date: 2020-10-15 modified: 2024-04-15 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|re: cmd.{0,5}(?:/c|/r)(?:\s|)\"set\s[a-zA-Z]{3,6}.*(?:\{\d\}){1,}\\\"\s+?\-f(?:.*\)){1,}.*\" condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Windows command lines that miss a space before or after the /c flag when running a command using the cmd.exe. Th. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Cmd.EXE Missing Space Characters Execution Anomaly id: a16980c2-0c56-4de0-9a79-17971979efdd status: test description: 'Detects Windows command lines that miss a space before or after the /c flag when running a command using the cmd.exe. This could be a sign of obfuscation of a fat finger problem (typo by the developer). ' references: - https://twitter.com/cyb3rops/status/1562072617552678912 - https://ss64.com/nt/cmd.html author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-23 modified: 2026-05-13 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains: - cmd.exe/c - \cmd/c - '"cmd/c' - cmd.exe/k - \cmd/k - '"cmd/k' - cmd.exe/r - \cmd/r - '"cmd/r' selection2: CommandLine|contains: - /cwhoami - /cpowershell - /cschtasks - /cbitsadmin - /ccertutil - /kwhoami - /kpowershell - /kschtasks - /kbitsadmin - /kcertutil selection3: CommandLine|contains: - cmd.exe /c - cmd /c - cmd.exe /k - cmd /k - cmd.exe /r - cmd /r filter_generic: CommandLine|contains: - 'cmd.exe /c ' - 'cmd /c ' - 'cmd.exe /k ' - 'cmd /k ' - 'cmd.exe /r ' - 'cmd /r ' filter_fp: - CommandLine|contains: AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\resources\app\node_modules - CommandLine|endswith: cmd.exe/c . - CommandLine: cmd.exe /c - CommandLine: cmd /c condition: 1 of selection* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of cmd.exe with no arguments e.g. via system("") in C to enable ANSI escape codes level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0461
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0461. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Access Manager component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11.1.1.5 and 11.1.1.7 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors related to Authentication Engine.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5563. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5550, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5564, and CVE-2015-5565.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9129
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9129. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, and SD 850, if the size parameter passed to TZ_PR_CMD_CONTENT_SET_PROP is small, an integer underflow occurs.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0537. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer underflow in the base64-decoding implementation in EMC RSA BSAFE Micro Edition Suite (MES) 4.0.x before 4.0.8 and 4.1.x before 4.1.3, RSA BSAFE Crypto-C Micro Edition (Crypto-C ME) before 4.0.4 and 4.1, and RSA BSAFE SSL-C 2.8.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption or segmentation fault) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted base64 data, a similar issue to CVE-2015-0292.
Query: CWE for Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page
Matching passage: CWE-97 Improper Neutralization of Server-Side Includes (SSI) Within a Web Page. The product generates a web page, but does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input that could be interpreted as a server-side include (SSI) directive.
Near-miss passage: CWE-228 Improper Handling of Syntactically Invalid Structure. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles input that is not syntactically well-formed with respect to the associated specification.
Query: how to detect Credentials from Password Stores
Matching passage: T1555 Credentials from Password Stores. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.(Citation: F-Secure The Dukes) Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.
Near-miss passage: T1555.005 Password Managers. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database. Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database. After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory. These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) Adversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief) Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation: NVD CVE-2019-3610) Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)
Query: command and control using Non-Standard Port
Matching passage: T1571 Non-Standard Port. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using a protocol and port pairing that are typically not associated. For example, HTTPS over port 8088(Citation: Symantec Elfin Mar 2019) or port 587(Citation: Fortinet Agent Tesla April 2018) as opposed to the traditional port 443. Adversaries may make changes to the standard port used by a protocol to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data. Adversaries may also make changes to victim systems to abuse non-standard ports. For example, Registry keys and other configuration settings can be used to modify protocol and port pairings.(Citation: change_rdp_port_conti)
Near-miss passage: T1219.001 IDE Tunneling. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may abuse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) software with remote development features to establish an interactive command and control channel on target systems within a network. IDE tunneling combines SSH, port forwarding, file sharing, and debugging into a single secure connection, letting developers work on remote systems as if they were local. Unlike SSH and port forwarding, IDE tunneling encapsulates an entire session and may use proprietary tunneling protocols alongside SSH, allowing adversaries to blend in with legitimate development workflows. Some IDEs, like Visual Studio Code, also provide CLI tools (e.g., `code tunnel`) that adversaries may use to programmatically establish tunnels and generate web-accessible URLs for remote access. These tunnels can be authenticated through accounts such as GitHub, enabling the adversary to control the compromised system via a legitimate developer portal.(Citation: sentinelone operationDigitalEye Dec 2024)(Citation: Unit42 Chinese VSCode 06 September 2024)(Citation: Thornton tutorial VSCode shell September 2023) Additionally, adversaries may use IDE tunneling for persistence. Some IDEs, such as Visual Studio Code and JetBrains, support automatic reconnection. Adversaries may configure the IDE to auto-launch at startup, re-establishing the tunnel upon execution. Compromised developer machines may also be exploited as jump hosts to move further into the network. IDE tunneling tools may be built-in or installed as [IDE Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/002).
Query: vulnerability: Office Viewer in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via an XML document containing an external entity declaration in con
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3784. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Office Viewer in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via an XML document containing an external entity declaration in conjunction with an entity reference, related to an XML External Entity (XXE) issue.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3912. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Huawei E355s Mobile WiFi with firmware before 22.158.45.02.625 and WEBUI before 13.100.04.01.625 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive configuration information by sniffing the network or sending unspecified commands.
Query: explain CWE-407
Matching passage: CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity. An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1249 Application-Level Admin Tool with Inconsistent View of Underlying Operating System. The product provides an application for administrators to manage parts of the underlying operating system, but the application does not accurately identify all of the relevant entities or resources that exist in the OS; that is, the application's model of the OS's state is inconsistent with the OS's actual state.
Query: detection rule: Detects the execution of SharpSuccessor, a tool used to exploit the BadSuccessor attack for privilege escalation in WinS
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of SharpSuccessor, a tool used to exploit the BadSuccessor attack for privilege escalation in WinS. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HKTL - SharpSuccessor Privilege Escalation Tool Execution id: 38a1ac5f-9c74-47d2-a345-dd6f5eb4e7c8 status: experimental description: 'Detects the execution of SharpSuccessor, a tool used to exploit the BadSuccessor attack for privilege escalation in WinServer 2025 Active Directory environments. Successful usage of this tool can let the attackers gain the domain admin privileges by exploiting the BadSuccessor vulnerability. ' references: - https://github.com/logangoins/SharpSuccessor author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-06-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1068 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \SharpSuccessor.exe - OriginalFileName: SharpSuccessor.exe - CommandLine|contains: SharpSuccessor - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' add ' - ' /impersonate' - ' /path' - ' /account' - ' /name' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a user is removed from a privileged role. Bulk changes should be investigated.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Bulk Deletion Changes To Privileged Account Permissions id: 102e11e3-2db5-4c9e-bc26-357d42585d21 status: test description: Detects when a user is removed from a privileged role. Bulk changes should be investigated. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-privileged-identity-management#azure-ad-roles-assignment author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Yochana Henderson, '@Yochana-H' date: 2022-08-05 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: - Remove eligible member (permanent) - Remove eligible member (eligible) condition: selection falsepositives: - Legtimate administrator actions of removing members from a role level: high
Query: risk of Cisco NX-OS 6.0(2) and 6.2(2) on Nexus devices has an improper OS configuration, which allows local users to obtain root access via unspecified input to the Python interpreter, aka
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4234. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Cisco NX-OS 6.0(2) and 6.2(2) on Nexus devices has an improper OS configuration, which allows local users to obtain root access via unspecified input to the Python interpreter, aka Bug IDs CSCun02887, CSCur00115, and CSCur00127.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3222. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.0. syscheck/seechanges.c in OSSEC 2.7 through 2.8.1 on NIX systems allows local users to execute arbitrary code as root.
Query: detect Detects suspicious commands that are related to scripting/powershell in WMI Event Consumers in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious commands that are related to scripting/powershell in WMI Event Consumers. Logsource: windows / wmi_event. Rule: title: Suspicious Scripting in a WMI Consumer id: fe21810c-2a8c-478f-8dd3-5a287fb2a0e0 status: test description: Detects suspicious commands that are related to scripting/powershell in WMI Event Consumers references: - https://in.security/an-intro-into-abusing-and-identifying-wmi-event-subscriptions-for-persistence/ - https://github.com/Neo23x0/signature-base/blob/615bf1f6bac3c1bdc417025c40c073e6c2771a76/yara/gen_susp_lnk_files.yar#L19 - https://github.com/RiccardoAncarani/LiquidSnake author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jonhnathan Ribeiro date: 2019-04-15 modified: 2023-09-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.005 logsource: product: windows category: wmi_event detection: selection_destination: - Destination|contains|all: - new-object - net.webclient - .downloadstring - Destination|contains|all: - new-object - net.webclient - .downloadfile - Destination|contains: - ' iex(' - ' -nop ' - ' -noprofile ' - ' -decode ' - ' -enc ' - WScript.Shell - System.Security.Cryptography.FromBase64Transform condition: selection_destination falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative scripts level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential credential dumping via Windows Error Reporting LSASS Shtinkering technique which uses the Windows Erro. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Via WER id: 9a4ccd1a-3526-4d99-b980-9f9c5d3a6ff3 status: test description: Detects potential credential dumping via Windows Error Reporting LSASS Shtinkering technique which uses the Windows Error Reporting to dump lsass references: - https://github.com/deepinstinct/Lsass-Shtinkering - https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2030/DEF%20CON%2030%20presentations/Asaf%20Gilboa%20-%20LSASS%20Shtinkering%20Abusing%20Windows%20Error%20Reporting%20to%20Dump%20LSASS.pdf author: '@pbssubhash , Nasreddine Bencherchali' date: 2022-12-08 modified: 2022-12-09 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \Werfault.exe - OriginalFileName: WerFault.exe selection_cli: ParentUser|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI User|contains: - AUTHORI - AUTORI CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -u -p ' - ' -ip ' - ' -s ' filter_lsass: ParentImage: C:\Windows\System32\lsass.exe condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Windows Error Reporting might produce similar behavior. In that case, check the PID associated with the "-p" parameter in the CommandLine. level: high
Query: vulnerability: Stack-based buffer overflow in the DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router Rev. Ax with firmware 1.04b12 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in a 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2052. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Stack-based buffer overflow in the DIR-645 Wired/Wireless Router Rev. Ax with firmware 1.04b12 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in a GetDeviceSettings action to the HNAP interface.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5132. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5131 and CVE-2015-5133.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3170
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3170. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.5. selinux-policy when sysctl fs.protected_hardlinks are set to 0 allows local users to cause a denial of service (SSH login prevention) by creating a hardlink to /etc/passwd from a directory named .config, and updating selinux-policy.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5856. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Application Store component in Apple iOS before 9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service to an enterprise-signed app via a crafted ITMS URL.
Query: exploit An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Qualcomm closed source components. Product: Android. Versions: Android kernel. Android ID: A-36393101.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9010. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Qualcomm closed source components. Product: Android. Versions: Android kernel. Android ID: A-36393101.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1292. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.0. The NavigatorServiceWorker::serviceWorker function in modules/serviceworkers/NavigatorServiceWorker.cpp in Blink, as used in Google Chrome before 45.0.2454.85, allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy by accessing a Service Worker.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1923
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1923. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0292. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Integer underflow in the EVP_DecodeUpdate function in crypto/evp/encode.c in the base64-decoding implementation in OpenSSL before 0.9.8za, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0m, and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1h allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted base64 data that triggers a buffer overflow.
Query: exploit CSL DualCom GPRS CS2300-R devices with firmware 1.25 through 3.53 do not require authentication from Alarm Receiving Center (ARC) servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7285. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. CSL DualCom GPRS CS2300-R devices with firmware 1.25 through 3.53 do not require authentication from Alarm Receiving Center (ARC) servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a spoofed HSxx response.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5998. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 10.0. Impero Education Pro before 5105 relies on the -1|AUTHENTICATE\x02PASSWORD string for authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary programs via an encrypted command.