alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: write Sigma for Detects kerberos TGS request using RC4 encryption which may be indicative of kerberoasting
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects kerberos TGS request using RC4 encryption which may be indicative of kerberoasting. Logsource: zeek / kerberos. Rule: title: Kerberos Network Traffic RC4 Ticket Encryption id: 503fe26e-b5f2-4944-a126-eab405cc06e5 status: test description: Detects kerberos TGS request using RC4 encryption which may be indicative of kerberoasting references: - https://adsecurity.org/?p=3458 author: sigma date: 2020-02-12 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1558.003 logsource: product: zeek service: kerberos detection: selection: request_type: TGS cipher: rc4-hmac computer_acct: service|startswith: $ condition: selection and not computer_acct falsepositives: - Normal enterprise SPN requests activity level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential sideloading of "mpclient.dll" by Windows Defender processes ("MpCmdRun" and "NisSrv") from their non-d. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential Mpclient.DLL Sideloading id: 418dc89a-9808-4b87-b1d7-e5ae0cb6effc related: - id: 7002aa10-b8d4-47ae-b5ba-51ab07e228b9 type: similar status: test description: Detects potential sideloading of "mpclient.dll" by Windows Defender processes ("MpCmdRun" and "NisSrv") from their non-default directory. references: - https://www.sentinelone.com/blog/living-off-windows-defender-lockbit-ransomware-sideloads-cobalt-strike-through-microsoft-security-tool author: Bhabesh Raj date: 2022-08-02 modified: 2023-08-04 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: product: windows category: image_load detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \mpclient.dll Image|endswith: - \MpCmdRun.exe - \NisSrv.exe filter_main_known_locations: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Defender\ - C:\Program Files\Microsoft Security Client\ - C:\Program Files\Windows Defender\ - C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\ - C:\Windows\WinSxS\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: common weakness: EJB Bad Practices: Use of Sockets
Matching passage: CWE-577 EJB Bad Practices: Use of Sockets. The product violates the Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) specification by using sockets.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1331 Improper Isolation of Shared Resources in Network On Chip (NoC). The Network On Chip (NoC) does not isolate or incorrectly isolates its on-chip-fabric and internal resources such that they are shared between trusted and untrusted agents, creating timing channels.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2349
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2349. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in defaultnewsletter.php in SuperWebMailer 5.60.0.01190 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the HTMLForm parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2082. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Login.aspx in UNIT4 Prosoft HRMS before 8.14.330.43 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the txtUserID parameter.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7981
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7981. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The png_convert_to_rfc1123 function in png.c in libpng 1.0.x before 1.0.64, 1.2.x before 1.2.54, and 1.4.x before 1.4.17 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive process memory information via crafted tIME chunk data in an image file, which triggers an out-of-bounds read.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4929. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. IBM License Metric Tool 9 before 9.2.1.0 and Endpoint Manager for Software Use Analysis 9 before 9.2.1.0 allow remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive information via a REST API request.
Query: how to detect VDSO Hijacking
Matching passage: T1055.014 VDSO Hijacking. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via VDSO hijacking in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Virtual dynamic shared object (vdso) hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. VDSO hijacking involves redirecting calls to dynamically linked shared libraries. Memory protections may prevent writing executable code to a process via [Ptrace System Calls](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/008). However, an adversary may hijack the syscall interface code stubs mapped into a process from the vdso shared object to execute syscalls to open and map a malicious shared object. This code can then be invoked by redirecting the execution flow of the process via patched memory address references stored in a process' global offset table (which store absolute addresses of mapped library functions).(Citation: ELF Injection May 2009)(Citation: Backtrace VDSO)(Citation: VDSO Aug 2005)(Citation: Syscall 2014) Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via VDSO hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.
Near-miss passage: T1055.005 Thread Local Storage. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via thread local storage (TLS) callbacks in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. TLS callback injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. TLS callback injection involves manipulating pointers inside a portable executable (PE) to redirect a process to malicious code before reaching the code's legitimate entry point. TLS callbacks are normally used by the OS to setup and/or cleanup data used by threads. Manipulating TLS callbacks may be performed by allocating and writing to specific offsets within a process’ memory space using other [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) techniques such as [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012).(Citation: FireEye TLS Nov 2017) Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via TLS callback injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Tools component in Oracle JD Edwards Products 9.1 and 9.2 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, an
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4919. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Tools component in Oracle JD Edwards Products 9.1 and 9.2 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to Monitoring and Diagnostics SEC.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7718. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. mediaserver in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY48T and 6.0 before 2015-10-01 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via unspecified vectors, aka internal bug 22278703, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6605.
Query: detection rule: Detects when full data export is attempted an unauthorized user.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when full data export is attempted an unauthorized user.. Logsource: bitbucket / audit. Rule: title: Bitbucket Unauthorized Full Data Export Triggered id: 34d81081-03c9-4a7f-91c9-5e46af625cde status: test description: Detects when full data export is attempted an unauthorized user. references: - https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/audit-log-events-776640423.html - https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/secret-scanning-1157471613.html author: Muhammad Faisal (@faisalusuf) date: 2024-02-25 tags: - attack.collection - attack.resource-development - attack.t1213.003 - attack.t1586 logsource: product: bitbucket service: audit definition: 'Requirements: "Advance" log level is required to receive these audit events.' detection: selection: auditType.category: Data pipeline auditType.action: Unauthorized full data export triggered condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of Windows binaries from within a WSL instance. This could be used to masquerade parent-child rela. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Windows Binary Executed From WSL id: ed825c86-c009-4014-b413-b76003e33d35 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of Windows binaries from within a WSL instance. This could be used to masquerade parent-child relationships ' references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|re: '[a-zA-Z]:\\' CurrentDirectory|contains: \\\\wsl.localhost condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: write Sigma for Detects potential OGNL Injection exploitation, which may lead to RCE. OGNL is an expression language that is supported i
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential OGNL Injection exploitation, which may lead to RCE. OGNL is an expression language that is supported i. Logsource: jvm / application. Rule: title: Potential OGNL Injection Exploitation In JVM Based Application id: 4d0af518-828e-4a04-a751-a7d03f3046ad status: test description: 'Detects potential OGNL Injection exploitation, which may lead to RCE. OGNL is an expression language that is supported in many JVM based systems. OGNL Injection is the reason for some high profile RCE''s such as Apache Struts (CVE-2017-5638) and Confluence (CVE-2022-26134) ' references: - https://www.wix.engineering/post/threat-and-vulnerability-hunting-with-application-server-error-logs author: Moti Harmats date: 2023-02-11 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 - cve.2017-5638 - cve.2022-26134 logsource: category: application product: jvm definition: 'Requirements: application error logs must be collected (with LOG_LEVEL=ERROR and above)' detection: keywords: - org.apache.commons.ognl.OgnlException - ExpressionSyntaxException condition: keywords falsepositives: - Application bugs level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects program executions in suspicious non-program folders related to malware or hacking activity. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Program Executions in Suspicious Folders id: a39d7fa7-3fbd-4dc2-97e1-d87f546b1bbc status: test description: Detects program executions in suspicious non-program folders related to malware or hacking activity references: - Internal Research author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-01-23 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.t1587 - attack.t1584 - attack.resource-development logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection: type: SYSCALL exe|startswith: - /tmp/ - /var/www/ - /home/*/public_html/ - /usr/local/apache2/ - /usr/local/httpd/ - /var/apache/ - /srv/www/ - /home/httpd/html/ - /srv/http/ - /usr/share/nginx/html/ - /var/lib/pgsql/data/ - /usr/local/mysql/data/ - /var/lib/mysql/ - /var/vsftpd/ - /etc/bind/ - /var/named/ condition: selection falsepositives: - Admin activity (especially in /tmp folders) - Crazy web applications level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3080. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3316. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. CA Common Services, as used in CA Client Automation r12.5 SP01, r12.8, and r12.9; CA Network and Systems Management r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA NSM Job Management Option r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA Universal Job Management Agent; CA Virtual Assurance for Infrastructure Managers (aka SystemEDGE) 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, and 12.9; and CA Workload Automation AE r11, r11.3, r11.3.5, and r11.3.6 on UNIX, allows local users to gain privileges via an unspecified environment variable.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Dynamic Resolution
Matching passage: T1568 Dynamic Resolution. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may dynamically establish connections to command and control infrastructure to evade common detections and remediations. This may be achieved by using malware that shares a common algorithm with the infrastructure the adversary uses to receive the malware's communications. These calculations can be used to dynamically adjust parameters such as the domain name, IP address, or port number the malware uses for command and control. Adversaries may use dynamic resolution for the purpose of [Fallback Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1008). When contact is lost with the primary command and control server malware may employ dynamic resolution as a means to reestablishing command and control.(Citation: Talos CCleanup 2017)(Citation: FireEye POSHSPY April 2017)(Citation: ESET Sednit 2017 Activity)
Near-miss passage: T1568.003 DNS Calculation. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may perform calculations on addresses returned in DNS results to determine which port and IP address to use for command and control, rather than relying on a predetermined port number or the actual returned IP address. A IP and/or port number calculation can be used to bypass egress filtering on a C2 channel.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda) One implementation of [DNS Calculation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1568/003) is to take the first three octets of an IP address in a DNS response and use those values to calculate the port for command and control traffic.(Citation: Meyers Numbered Panda)(Citation: Moran 2014)(Citation: Rapid7G20Espionage)
Query: weakness Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements
Matching passage: CWE-76 Improper Neutralization of Equivalent Special Elements. The product correctly neutralizes certain special elements, but it improperly neutralizes equivalent special elements.
Near-miss passage: CWE-145 Improper Neutralization of Section Delimiters. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as section delimiters when they are sent to a downstream component.
Query: indicators of Setuid and Setgid
Matching passage: T1548.001 Setuid and Setgid. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: An adversary may abuse configurations where an application has the setuid or setgid bits set in order to get code running in a different (and possibly more privileged) user’s context. On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application binary, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively.(Citation: setuid man page) Normally an application is run in the current user’s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application. However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them may not have the specific required privileges. Instead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications (i.e. [Linux and Mac Permissions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1222/002)). The <code>chmod</code> command can set these bits with bitmasking, <code>chmod 4777 [file]</code> or via shorthand naming, <code>chmod u+s [file]</code>. This will enable the setuid bit. To enable the setgid bit, <code>chmod 2775</code> and <code>chmod g+s</code> can be used. Adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) This abuse is often part of a "shell escape" or other actions to bypass an execution environment with restricted permissions. Alternatively, adversaries may choose to find and target vulnerable binaries with the setuid or setgid bits already enabled (i.e. [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083)). The setuid and setguid bits are indicated with an "s" instead of an "x" when viewing a file's attributes via <code>ls -l</code>. The <code>find</code> command can also be used to search for such files. For example, <code>find / -perm +4000 2>/dev/null</code> can be used to find files with setuid set an
Near-miss passage: T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions. Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)(Citation: sudo man page 2018) An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)
Query: describe CVE-2015-1658
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1658. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1706, CVE-2015-1711, CVE-2015-1717, and CVE-2015-1718.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7221. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Buffer overflow in the nsDeque::GrowCapacity function in xpcom/glue/nsDeque.cpp in Mozilla Firefox before 43.0 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering a deque size change.
Query: adversary uses Revert Cloud Instance
Matching passage: T1578.004 Revert Cloud Instance. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs. Another variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)
Near-miss passage: T1578 Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may attempt to modify a cloud account's compute service infrastructure to evade defenses. A modification to the compute service infrastructure can include the creation, deletion, or modification of one or more components such as compute instances, virtual machines, and snapshots. Permissions gained from the modification of infrastructure components may bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing infrastructure. Modifying infrastructure components may also allow an adversary to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4460
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4460. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in SecuritySetting/UserSecurity/UserManagement.aspx in B.A.S C2Box before 4.0.0 (r19171) allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that add administrator accounts via certain vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9432. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.5. The alpine-photo-tile-for-instagram plugin before 1.2.7.6 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS via the wp-admin/options-general.php?page=alpine-photo-tile-for-instagram-settings tab parameter.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4347
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4347. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the inLinks Integration module for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified path arguments.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5514. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Migrate module 7.x-2.x before 7.x-2.8 for Drupal, when the migrate_ui submodule is enabled, allows user-assisted remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a destination field label.
Query: campaign using Exfiltration Over Bluetooth
Matching passage: T1011.001 Exfiltration Over Bluetooth. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel. If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel. Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity. Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.
Near-miss passage: T1011 Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel. If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel. Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.