alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Path Interception
Matching passage: T1034 Path Interception. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: **This technique has been deprecated. Please use [Path Interception by PATH Environment Variable](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/007), [Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/008), and/or [Path Interception by Unquoted Path](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/009).** Path interception occurs when an executable is placed in a specific path so that it is executed by an application instead of the intended target. One example of this was the use of a copy of [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) in the current working directory of a vulnerable application that loads a CMD or BAT file with the CreateProcess function. (Citation: TechNet MS14-019) There are multiple distinct weaknesses or misconfigurations that adversaries may take advantage of when performing path interception: unquoted paths, path environment variable misconfigurations, and search order hijacking. The first vulnerability deals with full program paths, while the second and third occur when program paths are not specified. These techniques can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process. ### Unquoted Paths Service paths (stored in Windows Registry keys) (Citation: Microsoft Subkey) and shortcut paths are vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\unsafe path with space\program.exe</code> vs. <code>"C:\safe path with space\program.exe"</code>). (Citation: Baggett 2012) An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\program files\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. (Citation: Se
Near-miss passage: T1137.003 Outlook Forms. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) Once malicious forms have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)
Query: detect Detects known malicious service installs that appear in cases in which a Cobalt Strike beacon elevates privileges or lat in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects known malicious service installs that appear in cases in which a Cobalt Strike beacon elevates privileges or lat. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential CobaltStrike Service Installations - Registry id: 61a7697c-cb79-42a8-a2ff-5f0cdfae0130 status: test description: 'Detects known malicious service installs that appear in cases in which a Cobalt Strike beacon elevates privileges or lateral movement. ' references: - https://www.sans.org/webcasts/tech-tuesday-workshop-cobalt-strike-detection-log-analysis-119395 author: Wojciech Lesicki date: 2021-06-29 modified: 2024-03-25 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.002 - attack.t1543.003 - attack.t1569.002 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection_key: - TargetObject|contains: \System\CurrentControlSet\Services - TargetObject|contains|all: - \System\ControlSet - \Services selection_details: - Details|contains|all: - ADMIN$ - .exe - Details|contains|all: - '%COMSPEC%' - start - powershell condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects creation of files with the ".pub" extension in suspicious or uncommon locations. This could be a sign of attacke. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Publisher Attachment File Dropped In Suspicious Location id: 3d2a2d59-929c-4b78-8c1a-145dfe9e07b1 status: test description: Detects creation of files with the ".pub" extension in suspicious or uncommon locations. This could be a sign of attackers abusing Publisher documents references: - https://twitter.com/EmericNasi/status/1623224526220804098 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-08 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ - C:\Temp\ TargetFilename|endswith: .pub condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of ".pub" files from those locations level: medium
Query: secure coding against Trapdoor
Matching passage: CWE-510 Trapdoor. A trapdoor is a hidden piece of code that responds to a special input, allowing its user access to resources without passing through the normal security enforcement mechanism.
Near-miss passage: CWE-44 Path Equivalence: 'file.name' (Internal Dot). The product accepts path input in the form of internal dot ('file.ordir') without appropriate validation, which can lead to ambiguous path resolution and allow an attacker to traverse the file system to unintended locations or access arbitrary files.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7258
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7258. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. ZTE ADSL ZXV10 W300 modems W300V2.1.0f_ER7_PE_O57 and W300V2.1.0h_ER7_PE_O57 allow remote authenticated users to obtain user passwords by displaying user information in a Telnet connection.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3252. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Apache CloudStack before 4.5.2 does not properly preserve VNC passwords when migrating KVM virtual machines, which allows remote attackers to gain access by connecting to the VNC server.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4361
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4361. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Registration codes module before 6.x-1.6 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that delete registration codes via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2852. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the WebUI component in Blue Coat SSL Visibility Appliance SV800, SV1800, SV2800, and SV3800 3.6.x through 3.8.x before 3.8.4 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators.
Query: exploit Sinapsi eSolar Light with firmware before 2.0.3970_schsl_2.2.85 allows attackers to discover cleartext passwords by reading the HTML source code of the mail-configuration page.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3949. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Sinapsi eSolar Light with firmware before 2.0.3970_schsl_2.2.85 allows attackers to discover cleartext passwords by reading the HTML source code of the mail-configuration page.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7940. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Bouncy Castle Java library before 1.51 does not validate a point is withing the elliptic curve, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain private keys via a series of crafted elliptic curve Diffie Hellman (ECDH) key exchanges, aka an "invalid curve attack."
Query: exploit Directory traversal vulnerability in GNU patch versions which support Git-style patching before 2.7.3 allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary files with the permissions of th
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1395. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in GNU patch versions which support Git-style patching before 2.7.3 allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary files with the permissions of the target user via a .. (dot dot) in a diff file name.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2304. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Absolute path traversal vulnerability in bsdcpio in libarchive 3.1.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary files via a full pathname in an archive.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of the filename DumpStack.log to evade Microsoft Defender. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: DumpStack.log Defender Evasion id: 4f647cfa-b598-4e12-ad69-c68dd16caef8 status: test description: Detects the use of the filename DumpStack.log to evade Microsoft Defender references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1479094189048713219 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-06 modified: 2022-06-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \DumpStack.log selection_download: CommandLine|contains: ' -o DumpStack.log' condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of Moriya rootkit as described in the securelist's Operation TunnelSnake report. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Moriya Rootkit - System id: 25b9c01c-350d-4b95-bed1-836d04a4f324 status: test description: Detects the use of Moriya rootkit as described in the securelist's Operation TunnelSnake report references: - https://securelist.com/operation-tunnelsnake-and-moriya-rootkit/101831 author: Bhabesh Raj date: 2021-05-06 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ServiceName: ZzNetSvc condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel Core - Server OM Svcs component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1, 8.2.2, and 15.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2600. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel Core - Server OM Svcs component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1, 8.2.2, and 15.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0836. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.5, and Thunderbird before 31.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise HCM component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 9.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4887. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise HCM component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 9.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to ePerformance.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0421. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 8u25 allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to the installation process.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6490
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6490. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow on Allen-Bradley MicroLogix 1100 devices before B FRN 15.000 and 1400 devices through B FRN 15.003 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5931. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 9.0.1 and iTunes before 12.3.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-3 and APPLE-SA-2015-10-21-5.
Query: exploit Cisco Videoscape Distribution Suite Service Manager (VDS-SM) 3.4.0 and earlier does not always use RBAC for backend database access, which allows remote authenticated users to read
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6417. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. Cisco Videoscape Distribution Suite Service Manager (VDS-SM) 3.4.0 and earlier does not always use RBAC for backend database access, which allows remote authenticated users to read or write to database entries via (1) the GUI or (2) a crafted HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuv87025.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3273. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. mod/forum/post.php in Moodle 2.9.x before 2.9.1 does not consider the mod/forum:canposttomygroups capability before authorizing "Post a copy to all groups" actions, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging per-group authorization.
Query: EDR alert: possible Scan Databases (T1596.005)
Matching passage: T1596.005 Scan Databases. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan) Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).
Near-miss passage: T1596.002 WHOIS. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS) Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8034
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8034. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The state.sls function in Salt before 2015.8.3 uses weak permissions on the cache data, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading the file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3058. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via unspecified vectors.
Query: common weakness: Improper Protection Against Voltage and Clock Glitches
Matching passage: CWE-1247 Improper Protection Against Voltage and Clock Glitches. The device does not contain or contains incorrectly implemented circuitry or sensors to detect and mitigate voltage and clock glitches and protect sensitive information or software contained on the device.
Near-miss passage: CWE-197 Numeric Truncation Error. Truncation errors occur when a primitive is cast to a primitive of a smaller size and data is lost in the conversion.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information
Matching passage: T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to hide artifacts of an intrusion from analysis. They may require separate mechanisms to decode or deobfuscate that information depending on how they intend to use it. Methods for doing that include built-in functionality of malware or by using utilities present on the system. One such example is the use of [certutil](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0160) to decode a remote access tool portable executable file that has been hidden inside a certificate file.(Citation: Malwarebytes Targeted Attack against Saudi Arabia) Another example is using the Windows <code>copy /b</code> or <code>type</code> command to reassemble binary fragments into a malicious payload.(Citation: Carbon Black Obfuscation Sept 2016)(Citation: Sentinel One Tainted Love 2023) Sometimes a user's action may be required to open it for deobfuscation or decryption as part of [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). The user may also be required to input a password to open a password protected compressed/encrypted file that was provided by the adversary.(Citation: Volexity PowerDuke November 2016)
Near-miss passage: T1127.001 MSBuild. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. MSBuild.exe (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) Adversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)
Query: vulnerability: SQL injection vulnerability in WordPress Community Events plugin before 1.4.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3313. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. SQL injection vulnerability in WordPress Community Events plugin before 1.4.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1479. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in reports/CreateReportTable.jsp in ZOHO ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 9.0 build 9031 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the site parameter.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4844
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4844. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u101, 7u85, and 8u60, and Java SE Embedded 8u51, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2600. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel Core - Server OM Svcs component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1, 8.2.2, and 15.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Query: how to detect Active Setup
Matching passage: T1547.014 Active Setup. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine. Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in. The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>. This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016) Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.
Near-miss passage: T1547.003 Time Providers. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse time providers to execute DLLs when the system boots. The Windows Time service (W32Time) enables time synchronization across and within domains.(Citation: Microsoft W32Time Feb 2018) W32Time time providers are responsible for retrieving time stamps from hardware/network resources and outputting these values to other network clients.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) Time providers are implemented as dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are registered in the subkeys of `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\W32Time\TimeProviders\`.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) The time provider manager, directed by the service control manager, loads and starts time providers listed and enabled under this key at system startup and/or whenever parameters are changed.(Citation: Microsoft TimeProvider) Adversaries may abuse this architecture to establish persistence, specifically by creating a new arbitrarily named subkey pointing to a malicious DLL in the `DllName` value. Administrator privileges are required for time provider registration, though execution will run in context of the Local Service account.(Citation: Github W32Time Oct 2017)
Query: vulnerability: Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.3 allow user-assisted remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and discover a redirect's target URL via cr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4519. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.3 allow user-assisted remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and discover a redirect's target URL via crafted JavaScript code that executes after a drag-and-drop action of an image into a TEXTBOX element.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5276. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The std::random_device class in libstdc++ in the GNU Compiler Collection (aka GCC) before 4.9.4 does not properly handle short reads from blocking sources, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to predict the random values via unspecified vectors.