alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0059. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted TrueType font, aka "TrueType Font Parsing Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2489. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, as demonstrated by a transition from Low Integrity to Medium Integrity, aka "Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: vulnerability: The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) implementation in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial o
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0079. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) implementation in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and RDP outage) by establishing many RDP sessions that do not properly free allocated memory, aka "Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Denial of Service Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4228. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cisco Digital Content Manager (DCM) 15.0.0 might allow remote ad servers to cause a denial of service (reboot) via malformed ad messages, aka Bug ID CSCur13999.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects changes to the bitbucket audit log configuration.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the bitbucket audit log configuration.. Logsource: bitbucket / audit. Rule: title: Bitbucket Audit Log Configuration Updated id: 6aa12161-235a-4dfb-9c74-fe08df8d8da1 status: test description: Detects changes to the bitbucket audit log configuration. references: - https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucketserver/view-and-configure-the-audit-log-776640417.html author: Muhammad Faisal (@faisalusuf) date: 2024-02-25 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: bitbucket service: audit definition: 'Requirements: "Basic" log level is required to receive these audit events.' detection: selection: auditType.category: Auditing auditType.action: Audit log configuration updated condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate user activity. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects threat actors proxy executing code and bypassing application controls by leveraging wmic and the `/FORMAT` argum. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: WMIC Loading Scripting Libraries id: 06ce37c2-61ab-4f05-9ff5-b1a96d18ae32 related: - id: 8d63dadf-b91b-4187-87b6-34a1114577ea type: similar - id: 05c36dd6-79d6-4a9a-97da-3db20298ab2d type: similar status: test description: 'Detects threat actors proxy executing code and bypassing application controls by leveraging wmic and the `/FORMAT` argument switch to download and execute an XSL file (i.e js, vbs, etc). It could be an indicator of SquiblyTwo technique, which uses Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious code. ' references: - https://securitydatasets.com/notebooks/atomic/windows/defense_evasion/SDWIN-201017061100.html - https://twitter.com/dez_/status/986614411711442944 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wmic/ author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2020-10-17 modified: 2022-10-13 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1220 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \wmic.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: - \jscript.dll - \vbscript.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - The command wmic os get lastbootuptime loads vbscript.dll - The command wmic os get locale loads vbscript.dll - Since the ImageLoad event doesn't have enough information in this case. It's better to look at the recent process creation events that spawned the WMIC process and investigate the command line and parent/child processes to get more insights - The command `wmic ntevent` loads vbscript.dll level: medium
Query: detection engineering for Selective Exclusion
Matching passage: T1679 Selective Exclusion. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may intentionally exclude certain files, folders, directories, file types, or system components from encryption or tampering during a ransomware or malicious payload execution. Some file extensions that adversaries may avoid encrypting include `.dll`, `.exe`, and `.lnk`.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Medusa Group Medusa Ransomware January 2024) Adversaries may perform this behavior to avoid alerting users, to evade detection by security tools and analysts, or, in the case of ransomware, to ensure that the system remains operational enough to deliver the ransom notice. Exclusions may target files and components whose corruption would cause instability, break core services, or immediately expose the attack. By carefully avoiding these areas, adversaries maintain system responsiveness while minimizing indicators that could trigger alarms or otherwise inhibit achieving their goals.
Near-miss passage: T1620 Reflective Code Loading. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may reflectively load code into a process in order to conceal the execution of malicious payloads. Reflective loading involves allocating then executing payloads directly within the memory of the process, vice creating a thread or process backed by a file path on disk (e.g., [Shared Modules](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1129)). Reflectively loaded payloads may be compiled binaries, anonymous files (only present in RAM), or just snubs of fileless executable code (ex: position-independent shellcode).(Citation: Introducing Donut)(Citation: S1 Custom Shellcode Tool)(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation: Mandiant BYOL) For example, the `Assembly.Load()` method executed by [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) may be abused to load raw code into the running process.(Citation: Microsoft AssemblyLoad) Reflective code injection is very similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) except that the “injection” loads code into the processes’ own memory instead of that of a separate process. Reflective loading may evade process-based detections since the execution of the arbitrary code may be masked within a legitimate or otherwise benign process. Reflectively loading payloads directly into memory may also avoid creating files or other artifacts on disk, while also enabling malware to keep these payloads encrypted (or otherwise obfuscated) until execution.(Citation: Stuart ELF Memory)(Citation: 00sec Droppers)(Citation: Intezer ACBackdoor)(Citation: S1 Old Rat New Tricks)
Query: vulnerability: Juniper Junos 12.1X44 before 12.1X44-D45, 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D30, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D15, and 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D10 on SRX series devices does not properly enforce the
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3002. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Juniper Junos 12.1X44 before 12.1X44-D45, 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D30, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D15, and 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D10 on SRX series devices does not properly enforce the log-out-on-disconnect feature when configured in the [system port console] stanza, which allows physically proximate attackers to reconnect to the console port and gain administrative access by leveraging access to the device.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4700. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The bpf_int_jit_compile function in arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c in the Linux kernel before 4.0.6 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) by creating a packet filter and then loading crafted BPF instructions that trigger late convergence by the JIT compiler.
Query: common weakness: Information Loss or Omission
Matching passage: CWE-221 Information Loss or Omission. The product does not record, or improperly records, security-relevant information that leads to an incorrect decision or hampers later analysis.
Near-miss passage: CWE-315 Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in a Cookie. The product stores sensitive information in cleartext in a cookie.
Query: alert when Detects a suspicious local successful logon event where the Logon Package is Kerberos, the remote address is set to loca
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious local successful logon event where the Logon Package is Kerberos, the remote address is set to loca. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Potential Privilege Escalation via Local Kerberos Relay over LDAP id: 749c9f5e-b353-4b90-a9c1-05243357ca4b status: test description: 'Detects a suspicious local successful logon event where the Logon Package is Kerberos, the remote address is set to localhost, and the target user SID is the built-in local Administrator account. This may indicate an attempt to leverage a Kerberos relay attack variant that can be used to elevate privilege locally from a domain joined limited user to local System privileges. ' references: - https://twitter.com/sbousseaden/status/1518976397364056071?s=12&t=qKO5eKHvWhAP19a50FTZ7g - https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/blob/5fe7833312031a4787e07893e27e4ea7a7665745/rules/_deprecated/privilege_escalation_krbrelayup_suspicious_logon.toml#L38 author: Elastic, @SBousseaden date: 2022-04-27 modified: 2024-08-13 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.credential-access - attack.t1548 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 3 AuthenticationPackageName: Kerberos IpAddress: 127.0.0.1 TargetUserSid|startswith: S-1-5-21- TargetUserSid|endswith: '-500' filter_main_ip_null: IpPort: '0' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect filter driver unloading activity via fltmc.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Filter Driver Unloaded Via Fltmc.EXE id: 4931188c-178e-4ee7-a348-39e8a7a56821 related: - id: 4d7cda18-1b12-4e52-b45c-d28653210df8 type: derived status: test description: Detect filter driver unloading activity via fltmc.exe references: - https://www.darkoperator.com/blog/2018/10/5/operating-offensively-against-sysmon - https://www.cybereason.com/blog/threat-analysis-report-lockbit-2.0-all-paths-lead-to-ransom author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-13 modified: 2025-10-07 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1070 - attack.t1685 - attack.t1685.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \fltMC.exe - OriginalFileName: fltMC.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: unload filter_optional_avira: ParentImage|contains: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - :\Windows\Temp\ ParentImage|endswith: \endpoint-protection-installer-x64.tmp CommandLine|endswith: - unload rtp_filesystem_filter - unload rtp_filter filter_optional_manageengine: ParentImage: C:\Program Files (x86)\ManageEngine\uems_agent\bin\dcfaservice64.exe CommandLine|endswith: unload DFMFilter condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7639
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7639. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.252 and 19.x before 19.0.0.207 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.535 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.213, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.213, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.213 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7629, CVE-2015-7631, CVE-2015-7635, CVE-2015-7636, CVE-2015-7637, CVE-2015-7638, CVE-2015-7640, CVE-2015-7641, CVE-2015-7642, CVE-2015-7643, and CVE-2015-7644.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0350. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0347, CVE-2015-0352, CVE-2015-0353, CVE-2015-0354, CVE-2015-0355, CVE-2015-0360, CVE-2015-3038, CVE-2015-3041, CVE-2015-3042, and CVE-2015-3043.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8006
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8006. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the PageTriage toolbar in the PageTriage extension for MediWiki allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the page title.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2317. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The utils.http.is_safe_url function in Django before 1.4.20, 1.5.x, 1.6.x before 1.6.11, 1.7.x before 1.7.7, and 1.8.x before 1.8c1 does not properly validate URLs, which allows remote attackers to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a control character in a URL, as demonstrated by a \x08javascript: URL.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3785
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3785. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. The Telephony component in Apple OS X before 10.11, when the Continuity feature is enabled, allows local users to bypass intended telephone-call restrictions via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5581. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5570, CVE-2015-5574, CVE-2015-5584, and CVE-2015-6682.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects DNS queries for anonfiles.com, which is an anonymous file upload platform often used for malicious purposes
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries for anonfiles.com, which is an anonymous file upload platform often used for malicious purposes. Logsource: windows / dns-client. Rule: title: DNS Query for Anonfiles.com Domain - DNS Client id: 29f171d7-aa47-42c7-9c7b-3c87938164d9 related: - id: 065cceea-77ec-4030-9052-fc0affea7110 type: similar status: test description: Detects DNS queries for anonfiles.com, which is an anonymous file upload platform often used for malicious purposes references: - https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/ransomware-spotlight/ransomware-spotlight-blackbyte author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-16 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567.002 logsource: product: windows service: dns-client definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-DNS Client Events/Operational Event Log must be enabled/collected in order to receive the events.' detection: selection: EventID: 3008 QueryName|contains: .anonfiles.com condition: selection falsepositives: - Rare legitimate access to anonfiles.com level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls to create or execute a scheduled task via SASec. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Remote Schedule Task Lateral Movement via SASec id: aff229ab-f8cd-447b-b215-084d11e79eb0 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls to create or execute a scheduled task via SASec references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-tsch/d1058a28-7e02-4948-8b8d-4a347fa64931 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-TSCH.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.lateral-movement - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1053 - attack.t1053.002 logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:378e52b0-c0a9-11cf-822d-00aa0051e40f"' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 378e52b0-c0a9-11cf-822d-00aa0051e40f OpNum: - 0 - 1 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: explain CWE-322
Matching passage: CWE-322 Key Exchange without Entity Authentication. The product performs a key exchange with an actor without verifying the identity of that actor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1342 Information Exposure through Microarchitectural State after Transient Execution. The processor does not properly clear microarchitectural state after incorrect microcode assists or speculative execution, resulting in transient execution.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2207
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2207. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in NetCracker Resource Management System before 8.2 allow remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) ctrl, (2) t90001_0_theform_selection, (3) _scroll, (4) tableName, (5) parent, (6) circuit, (7) return, (8) xname, or (9) mpTransactionId parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1437. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Asus RT-N10+ D1 router with firmware 2.1.1.1.70 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the flag parameter to (1) result_of_get_changed_status.asp or (2) error_page.htm.
Query: common weakness: Use of Password System for Primary Authentication
Matching passage: CWE-309 Use of Password System for Primary Authentication. The use of password systems as the primary means of authentication may be subject to several flaws or shortcomings, each reducing the effectiveness of the mechanism.
Near-miss passage: CWE-824 Access of Uninitialized Pointer. The product accesses or uses a pointer that has not been initialized.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Content Analysis module before 6.x-1.7 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vec
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3364. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Content Analysis module before 6.x-1.7 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, which are not properly handled in a log message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4955. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Business Process Manager (BPM) 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0 through 8.5.0.1, 8.5.5 through 8.5.5.0, and 8.5.6 before 8.5.6.0 CF1 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Query: detect Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Attempt Using New NetworkProvider - CLI id: baef1ec6-2ca9-47a3-97cc-4cf2bda10b77 related: - id: 0442defa-b4a2-41c9-ae2c-ea7042fc4701 type: similar status: test description: Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the NPPSpy tool does it references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/setup-upgrade-and-drivers/network-provider-settings-removed-in-place-upgrade - https://github.com/gtworek/PSBits/tree/master/PasswordStealing/NPPSpy author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-23 modified: 2023-02-02 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\ - \NetworkProvider condition: selection falsepositives: - Other legitimate network providers used and not filtred in this rule level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: A General detection for WebDav user-agent being used to PUT files on a WebDav network share. This could be an indicator. Logsource: zeek / http. Rule: title: WebDav Put Request id: 705072a5-bb6f-4ced-95b6-ecfa6602090b status: test description: A General detection for WebDav user-agent being used to PUT files on a WebDav network share. This could be an indicator of exfiltration. references: - https://github.com/OTRF/detection-hackathon-apt29/issues/17 author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2020-05-02 modified: 2024-03-13 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048.003 logsource: product: zeek service: http detection: selection: user_agent|contains: WebDAV method: PUT filter: id.resp_h|cidr: - 10.0.0.0/8 - 127.0.0.0/8 - 172.16.0.0/12 - 192.168.0.0/16 - 169.254.0.0/16 condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of COM objects that can be abused to download files in PowerShell by CLSID. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential COM Objects Download Cradles Usage - Process Creation id: 02b64f1b-3f33-4e67-aede-ef3b0a5a8fcf related: - id: 3c7d1587-3b13-439f-9941-7d14313dbdfe type: similar status: test description: Detects usage of COM objects that can be abused to download files in PowerShell by CLSID references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.type.gettypefromclsid?view=net-7.0 - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse?slide=57 author: frack113 date: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: '[Type]::GetTypeFromCLSID(' selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - 0002DF01-0000-0000-C000-000000000046 - F6D90F16-9C73-11D3-B32E-00C04F990BB4 - F5078F35-C551-11D3-89B9-0000F81FE221 - 88d96a0a-f192-11d4-a65f-0040963251e5 - AFBA6B42-5692-48EA-8141-DC517DCF0EF1 - AFB40FFD-B609-40A3-9828-F88BBE11E4E3 - 88d96a0b-f192-11d4-a65f-0040963251e5 - 2087c2f4-2cef-4953-a8ab-66779b670495 - 000209FF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046 - 00024500-0000-0000-C000-000000000046 condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the library level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a file with the ".pdf" extension by the "RegEdit.exe" process. This indicates that a user is try. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: PDF File Created By RegEdit.EXE id: 145095eb-e273-443b-83d0-f9b519b7867b status: test description: 'Detects the creation of a file with the ".pdf" extension by the "RegEdit.exe" process. This indicates that a user is trying to print/save a registry key as a PDF in order to potentially extract sensitive information and bypass defenses. ' references: - https://sensepost.com/blog/2024/dumping-lsa-secrets-a-story-about-task-decorrelation/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2024-07-08 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \regedit.exe TargetFilename|endswith: .pdf condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high