alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: common weakness: Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Filter
Matching passage: CWE-181 Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Filter. The product validates data before it has been filtered, which prevents the product from detecting data that becomes invalid after the filtering step.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1053 Missing Documentation for Design. The product does not have documentation that represents how it is designed.
Query: vulnerability: In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a buffer overflow vulnerability exists in 1x call processing.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8593. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a buffer overflow vulnerability exists in 1x call processing.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3742. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Query: Sigma YAML for nginx
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a core dump of a crashing Nginx worker process, which could be a signal of a serious problem or exploitation att. Logsource: nginx. Rule: title: Nginx Core Dump id: 59ec40bb-322e-40ab-808d-84fa690d7e56 status: test description: Detects a core dump of a crashing Nginx worker process, which could be a signal of a serious problem or exploitation attempts. references: - https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/monitoring/debugging/#enabling-core-dumps - https://www.x41-dsec.de/lab/advisories/x41-2021-002-nginx-resolver-copy/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-05-31 modified: 2023-05-08 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1499.004 logsource: service: nginx detection: keywords: - exited on signal 6 (core dumped) condition: keywords falsepositives: - Serious issues with a configuration or plugin level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects registry modifications to the 'ms-settings' protocol handler, which is frequently targeted for UAC bypass or per. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Registry Modification of MS-settings Protocol Handler id: dd3ee8cc-f751-41c9-ba53-5a32ed47e563 related: - id: 152f3630-77c1-4284-bcc0-4cc68ab2f6e7 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects registry modifications to the ''ms-settings'' protocol handler, which is frequently targeted for UAC bypass or persistence. Attackers can modify this registry to execute malicious code with elevated privileges by hijacking the command execution path. ' references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/12/13/diavol-ransomware/ - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/25/f/water-curse.html author: frack113, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-20 modified: 2026-01-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1548.002 - attack.t1546.001 - attack.t1112 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_reg_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_pwsh_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - powershell.exe - pwsh.dll selection_reg_cli: CommandLine|contains: add selection_pwsh_cli: CommandLine|contains: - New-ItemProperty - Set-ItemProperty - 'ni ' - 'sp ' selection_cli_key: CommandLine|contains: \ms-settings\shell\open\command condition: (all of selection_reg_* or all of selection_pwsh_*) and selection_cli_key falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-3836
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3836. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. The Parse_wave function in arm-wt-22k/lib_src/eas_mdls.c in the Sonivox DLS-to-EAS converter in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48I does not reject a negative value for a certain size field, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (buffer overflow) via crafted XMF data, aka internal bug 21132860.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4479. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple integer overflows in libstagefright in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted saio chunk in MPEG-4 video data.
Query: telemetry for T1069.002
Matching passage: T1069.002 Domain Groups. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. Commands such as <code>net group /domain</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, <code>dscacheutil -q group</code> on macOS, and <code>ldapsearch</code> on Linux can list domain-level groups.
Near-miss passage: T1069 Permission Groups Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to discover group and permission settings. This information can help adversaries determine which user accounts and groups are available, the membership of users in particular groups, and which users and groups have elevated permissions. Adversaries may attempt to discover group permission settings in many different ways. This data may provide the adversary with information about the compromised environment that can be used in follow-on activity and targeting.(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)
Query: alert when Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: User Risk and MFA Registration Policy Updated id: d4c7758e-9417-4f2e-9109-6125d66dabef status: test description: 'Detects changes and updates to the user risk and MFA registration policy. Attackers can modified the policies to Bypass MFA, weaken security thresholds, facilitate further attacks, maintain persistence. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/howto-identity-protection-configure-mfa-policy - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/monitoring-health/reference-audit-activities author: Harjot Singh (@cyb3rjy0t) date: 2024-08-13 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: LoggedByService: AAD Management UX Category: Policy OperationName: Update User Risk and MFA Registration Policy condition: selection falsepositives: - Known updates by administrators. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious ways to use the "DumpMinitool.exe" binary. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious DumpMinitool Execution id: eb1c4225-1c23-4241-8dd4-051389fde4ce status: test description: Detects suspicious ways to use the "DumpMinitool.exe" binary references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1511415432888131586 - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1511489821247684615 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/DumpMinitool/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-04-06 modified: 2023-04-12 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: - \DumpMinitool.exe - \DumpMinitool.x86.exe - \DumpMinitool.arm64.exe - OriginalFileName: - DumpMinitool.exe - DumpMinitool.x86.exe - DumpMinitool.arm64.exe filter_folder: Image|contains: - \Microsoft Visual Studio\ - \Extensions\ susp_flags: CommandLine|contains: .txt cmd_has_flags: CommandLine|contains: - ' Full' - ' Mini' - ' WithHeap' filter_cmd_misses_flags: CommandLine|contains: --dumpType condition: selection and ( ( not filter_folder ) or susp_flags or ( cmd_has_flags and not filter_cmd_misses_flags ) ) falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-4930
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4930. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.0. IBM QRadar SIEM 7.1 MR2 before Patch 11 IF02 and 7.2.x before 7.2.5 Patch 4 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges by leveraging admin access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8988. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Unquoted executable path vulnerability in Client Management and Gateway components in McAfee (now Intel Security) ePO Deep Command (eDC) 2.2 and 2.1 allows authenticated users to execute a command of their choice via dropping a malicious file for the path.
Query: explain CWE-173
Matching passage: CWE-173 Improper Handling of Alternate Encoding. The product does not properly handle when an input uses an alternate encoding that is valid for the control sphere to which the input is being sent.
Near-miss passage: CWE-425 Direct Request ('Forced Browsing'). The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files.
Query: alert when Detects changes to the "ServiceDLL" value related to a service in the registry. This is often used as a method of persis
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the "ServiceDLL" value related to a service in the registry. This is often used as a method of persis. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: ServiceDll Hijack id: 612e47e9-8a59-43a6-b404-f48683f45bd6 status: test description: 'Detects changes to the "ServiceDLL" value related to a service in the registry. This is often used as a method of persistence. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1543.003/T1543.003.md#atomic-test-4---tinyturla-backdoor-service-w64time - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2013/09/19/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-4/ author: frack113 date: 2022-02-04 modified: 2024-04-03 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \System\ - ControlSet - \Services\ TargetObject|endswith: \Parameters\ServiceDll filter_main_printextensionmanger: Details: C:\Windows\system32\spool\drivers\x64\3\PrintConfig.dll filter_main_domain_controller: Image: C:\Windows\system32\lsass.exe TargetObject|endswith: \Services\NTDS\Parameters\ServiceDll Details: '%%systemroot%%\system32\ntdsa.dll' filter_main_poqexec: Image: C:\Windows\System32\poqexec.exe filter_optional_safetica: Image|endswith: \regsvr32.exe Details: C:\Windows\System32\STAgent.dll condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Administrative scripts - Installation of a service level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects code execution via Pester.bat (Pester - Powershell Modulte for testing). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Execute Code with Pester.bat id: 59e938ff-0d6d-4dc3-b13f-36cc28734d4e status: test description: Detects code execution via Pester.bat (Pester - Powershell Modulte for testing) references: - https://twitter.com/Oddvarmoe/status/993383596244258816 - https://github.com/api0cradle/LOLBAS/blob/d148d278f5f205ce67cfaf49afdfb68071c7252a/OSScripts/pester.md author: Julia Fomina, oscd.community date: 2020-10-08 modified: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1216 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: powershell_module: Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - Pester - Get-Help cmd_execution: Image|endswith: \cmd.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - pester - ; get_help: CommandLine|contains: - help - \? condition: powershell_module or (cmd_execution and get_help) falsepositives: - Legitimate use of Pester for writing tests for Powershell scripts and modules level: medium
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Service Execution
Matching passage: T1569.002 Service Execution. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows service control manager to execute malicious commands or payloads. The Windows service control manager (<code>services.exe</code>) is an interface to manage and manipulate services.(Citation: Microsoft Service Control Manager) The service control manager is accessible to users via GUI components as well as system utilities such as <code>sc.exe</code> and [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039). [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) can also be used to execute commands or payloads via a temporary Windows service created through the service control manager API.(Citation: Russinovich Sysinternals) Tools such as [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029) and <code>sc.exe</code> can accept remote servers as arguments and may be used to conduct remote execution. Adversaries may leverage these mechanisms to execute malicious content. This can be done by either executing a new or modified service. This technique is the execution used in conjunction with [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003) during service persistence or privilege escalation.
Near-miss passage: T1569.003 Systemctl. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse systemctl to execute commands or programs. Systemctl is the primary interface for systemd, the Linux init system and service manager. Typically invoked from a shell, Systemctl can also be integrated into scripts or applications. Adversaries may use systemctl to execute commands or programs as [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002)s. Common subcommands include: `systemctl start`, `systemctl stop`, `systemctl enable`, `systemctl disable`, and `systemctl status`.(Citation: Red Hat Systemctl 2022)
Query: exploit The generate_smb_nt_hash function in include/functions.inc in GOsa allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted password.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8771. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The generate_smb_nt_hash function in include/functions.inc in GOsa allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5647. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.5. The RSS Reader component in Cybozu Garoon 3.x through 3.7.5 and 4.x through 4.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors, aka CyVDB-866.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5871
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5871. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOGraphics in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5872, CVE-2015-5873, and CVE-2015-5890.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5567. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (stack memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5579.
Query: exploit install.php in Web Reference Database (aka refbase) through 0.9.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the adminPassword parameter, a different issue than CVE-
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6008. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 7.5. install.php in Web Reference Database (aka refbase) through 0.9.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the adminPassword parameter, a different issue than CVE-2015-7381.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4237. CWE: CWE-78. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. The CLI parser in Cisco NX-OS 4.1(2)E1(1), 6.2(11b), 6.2(12), 7.2(0)ZZ(99.1), 7.2(0)ZZ(99.3), and 9.1(1)SV1(3.1.8) on Nexus devices allows local users to execute arbitrary OS commands via crafted characters in a filename, aka Bug IDs CSCuv08491, CSCuv08443, CSCuv08480, CSCuv08448, CSCuu99291, CSCuv08434, and CSCuv08436.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects PowerShell script execution from Alternate Data Stream (ADS)
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell script execution from Alternate Data Stream (ADS). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Run PowerShell Script from ADS id: 45a594aa-1fbd-4972-a809-ff5a99dd81b8 status: test description: Detects PowerShell script execution from Alternate Data Stream (ADS) references: - https://github.com/p0shkatz/Get-ADS/blob/1c3a3562e713c254edce1995a7d9879c687c7473/Get-ADS.ps1 author: Sergey Soldatov, Kaspersky Lab, oscd.community date: 2019-10-30 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.004 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - Get-Content - -Stream condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when end user consent is blocked due to risk-based consent.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: End User Consent Blocked id: 7091372f-623c-4293-bc37-20c32b3492be status: test description: Detects when end user consent is blocked due to risk-based consent. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-applications#end-user-stopped-due-to-risk-based-consent author: Bailey Bercik '@baileybercik', Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow' date: 2022-07-10 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1528 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: failure_status_reason: Microsoft.online.Security.userConsentBlockedForRiskyAppsExceptions condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: secure coding against Integer Coercion Error
Matching passage: CWE-192 Integer Coercion Error. Integer coercion refers to a set of flaws pertaining to the type casting, extension, or truncation of primitive data types.
Near-miss passage: CWE-243 Creation of chroot Jail Without Changing Working Directory. The product uses the chroot() system call to create a jail, but does not change the working directory afterward. This does not prevent access to files outside of the jail.
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Code Signing Certificates
Matching passage: T1588.003 Code Signing Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.
Near-miss passage: T1588 Obtain Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle. In addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab) In addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)
Query: explain CWE-619
Matching passage: CWE-619 Dangling Database Cursor ('Cursor Injection'). If a database cursor is not closed properly, then it could become accessible to other users while retaining the same privileges that were originally assigned, leaving the cursor dangling.
Near-miss passage: CWE-141 Improper Neutralization of Parameter/Argument Delimiters. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as parameter or argument delimiters when they are sent to a downstream component.
Query: alert when Detects potential persistence activity via outlook home page. An attacker can set a home page to achieve code execution
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential persistence activity via outlook home page. An attacker can set a home page to achieve code execution. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via Outlook Home Page id: ddd171b5-2cc6-4975-9e78-f0eccd08cc76 related: - id: 487bb375-12ef-41f6-baae-c6a1572b4dd1 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects potential persistence activity via outlook home page. An attacker can set a home page to achieve code execution and persistence by editing the WebView registry keys. ' references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-persistence-via-microsoft-exchange-server-or-outlook?slide=70 - https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/outlook-home-page-feature-is-missing-in-folder-properties-d207edb7-aa02-46c5-b608-5d9dbed9bd04?ui=en-us&rs=en-us&ad=us - https://trustedsec.com/blog/specula-turning-outlook-into-a-c2-with-one-registry-change author: Tobias Michalski (Nextron Systems), David Bertho (@dbertho) & Eirik Sveen (@0xSV1), Storebrand date: 2021-06-09 modified: 2024-08-07 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \Software\Microsoft\Office\ - \Outlook\WebView\ TargetObject|endswith: \URL condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the load of a signed WinRing0 driver often used by threat actors, crypto miners (XMRIG) or malware for privilege. Logsource: windows / driver_load. Rule: title: Vulnerable WinRing0 Driver Load id: 1a42dfa6-6cb2-4df9-9b48-295be477e835 status: test description: Detects the load of a signed WinRing0 driver often used by threat actors, crypto miners (XMRIG) or malware for privilege escalation references: - https://github.com/xmrig/xmrig/tree/master/bin/WinRing0 - https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2021/12/13/driver-based-attacks-past-and-present/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-26 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows category: driver_load detection: selection: - Hashes|contains: IMPHASH=D41FA95D4642DC981F10DE36F4DC8CD7 - ImageLoaded|endswith: - \WinRing0x64.sys - \WinRing0.sys - \WinRing0.dll - \WinRing0x64.dll - \winring00x64.sys condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high