alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: describe CVE-2015-3884
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3884. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in the (1) myAccount, (2) projects, (3) tasks, (4) tickets, (5) discussions, (6) reports, and (7) scheduler pages in qdPM 8.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with an executable extension, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in uploads/attachments/ or uploads/users/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0796. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In open buildservice 2.6 before 2.6.3, 2.5 before 2.5.7 and 2.4 before 2.4.8 the source service patch application could generate non-standard files like symlinks or device nodes, which could allow buildservice users to break of confinement or cause denial of service attacks on the source service.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by System Checks
Matching passage: T1497.001 System Checks. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors.(Citation: Deloitte Environment Awareness) Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. Checks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic. Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. Once executed, malware may also use [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) to check if it was saved in a folder or file with unexpected or even analysis-related naming artifacts such as `malware`, `sample`, or `hash`. Other common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the
Near-miss passage: T1497.003 Time Based Checks. Tactics: stealth, discovery. Description: Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect virtualization and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock. Adversaries may use calls like `GetTickCount` and `GetSystemTimeAsFileTime` to discover if they are operating within a virtual machine or sandbox, or may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Browser Fingerprint
Matching passage: T1036.012 Browser Fingerprint. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to blend in with legitimate traffic by spoofing browser and system attributes like operating system, system language, platform, user-agent string, resolution, time zone, etc. The HTTP User-Agent request header is a string that lets servers and network peers identify the application, operating system, vendor, and/or version of the requesting user agent.(Citation: Mozilla User Agent) Adversaries may gather this information through [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) or by users navigating to adversary-controlled websites, and then use that information to craft their web traffic to evade defenses.(Citation: Gummy Browsers Targeted Browser Spoofing against State-of-the-Art Fingerprinting Techniques)
Near-miss passage: T1036.003 Rename Legitimate Utilities. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may rename legitimate / system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for legitimate utilities adversaries are capable of abusing, including both built-in binaries and tools such as PSExec, AutoHotKey, and IronPython.(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)(Citation: Huntress Python Malware 2025)(Citation: The DFIR Report AutoHotKey 2023)(Citation: Splunk Detect Renamed PSExec) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>).(Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on these utilities executing from non-standard paths.(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)
Query: CWE for Synchronous Access of Remote Resource without Timeout
Matching passage: CWE-1088 Synchronous Access of Remote Resource without Timeout. The code has a synchronous call to a remote resource, but there is no timeout for the call, or the timeout is set to infinite.
Near-miss passage: CWE-578 EJB Bad Practices: Use of Class Loader. The product violates the Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) specification by using the class loader.
Query: explain CWE-410
Matching passage: CWE-410 Insufficient Resource Pool. The product's resource pool is not large enough to handle peak demand, which allows an attacker to prevent others from accessing the resource by using a (relatively) large number of requests for resources.
Near-miss passage: CWE-162 Improper Neutralization of Trailing Special Elements. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes trailing special elements that could be interpreted in unexpected ways when they are sent to a downstream component.
Query: explain CWE-228
Matching passage: CWE-228 Improper Handling of Syntactically Invalid Structure. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles input that is not syntactically well-formed with respect to the associated specification.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1244 Internal Asset Exposed to Unsafe Debug Access Level or State. The product uses physical debug or test interfaces with support for multiple access levels, but it assigns the wrong debug access level to an internal asset, providing unintended access to the asset from untrusted debug agents.
Query: write Sigma for Detects instances where an FTP service on an OpenCanary node has had a login attempt.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects instances where an FTP service on an OpenCanary node has had a login attempt.. Logsource: opencanary / application. Rule: title: OpenCanary - FTP Login Attempt id: 6991bc2b-ae2e-447f-bc55-3a1ba04c14e5 status: test description: Detects instances where an FTP service on an OpenCanary node has had a login attempt. references: - https://opencanary.readthedocs.io/en/latest/starting/configuration.html#services-configuration - https://github.com/thinkst/opencanary/blob/a0896adfcaf0328cfd5829fe10d2878c7445138e/opencanary/logger.py#L52 author: Security Onion Solutions date: 2024-03-08 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.exfiltration - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1190 - attack.t1021 logsource: category: application product: opencanary detection: selection: logtype: 2000 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects backup catalog deletions. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: Backup Catalog Deleted id: 9703792d-fd9a-456d-a672-ff92efe4806a status: test description: Detects backup catalog deletions references: - https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc742154(v=ws.11).aspx - https://www.hybrid-analysis.com/sample/ed01ebfbc9eb5bbea545af4d01bf5f1071661840480439c6e5babe8e080e41aa?environmentId=100 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Tom U. @c_APT_ure (collection) date: 2017-05-12 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.004 logsource: product: windows service: application detection: selection: EventID: 524 Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-Backup condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4476
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4476. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 on Android allows user-assisted remote attackers to spoof address-bar attributes by leveraging lack of navigation after a paste of a URL with a nonstandard scheme, as demonstrated by spoofing an SSL attribute.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0201. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 5.0. The Java SockJS client in Pivotal Spring Framework 4.1.x before 4.1.5 generates predictable session ids, which allows remote attackers to send messages to other sessions via unspecified vectors.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a possible persistence mechanism using RUN key for Windows Explorer and pointing to a suspicious folder
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a possible persistence mechanism using RUN key for Windows Explorer and pointing to a suspicious folder. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Registry Persistence via Explorer Run Key id: b7916c2a-fa2f-4795-9477-32b731f70f11 status: test description: Detects a possible persistence mechanism using RUN key for Windows Explorer and pointing to a suspicious folder references: - https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-upatre-continues-evolve-new-anti-analysis-techniques/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), oscd.community date: 2018-07-18 modified: 2023-12-11 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run Details|contains: - :\$Recycle.bin\ - :\ProgramData\ - :\Temp\ - :\Users\Default\ - :\Users\Public\ - :\Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the load of RstrtMgr DLL (Restart Manager) by a suspicious process. This library has been used during ransomware. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Load Of RstrtMgr.DLL By A Suspicious Process id: b48492dc-c5ef-4572-8dff-32bc241c15c8 related: - id: 3669afd2-9891-4534-a626-e5cf03810a61 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects the load of RstrtMgr DLL (Restart Manager) by a suspicious process. This library has been used during ransomware campaigns to kill processes that would prevent file encryption by locking them (e.g. Conti ransomware, Cactus ransomware). It has also recently been seen used by the BiBi wiper for Windows. It could also be used for anti-analysis purposes by shut downing specific processes. ' references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/windows-restart-manager-part-1/ - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/windows-restart-manager-part-2/ - https://web.archive.org/web/20231221193106/https://www.swascan.com/cactus-ransomware-malware-analysis/ - https://taiwan.postsen.com/business/88601/Hamas-hackers-use-data-destruction-software-BiBi-which-consumes-a-lot-of-processor-resources-to-wipe-Windows-computer-data--iThome.html author: Luc Génaux date: 2023-11-28 tags: - attack.impact - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1486 - attack.t1685 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection_img: - ImageLoaded|endswith: \RstrtMgr.dll - OriginalFileName: RstrtMgr.dll selection_folders_1: Image|contains: - :\Perflogs\ - :\Users\Public\ - \Temporary Internet selection_folders_2: - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Favorites\ - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Favourites\ - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Contacts\ condition: selection_img and 1 of selection_folders_* falsepositives: - Processes related to software installation level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9051
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9051. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a vulnerability exists in LTE where an assertion can be reached due to an improper bound on a length in a System Information message.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3830. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. The stock Android browser address bar in all Android operating systems suffers from Address Bar Spoofing, which allows remote attackers to trick a victim by displaying a malicious page for legitimate domain names.
Query: detection engineering for Modify Cloud Compute Configurations
Matching passage: T1578.005 Modify Cloud Compute Configurations. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify settings that directly affect the size, locations, and resources available to cloud compute infrastructure in order to evade defenses. These settings may include service quotas, subscription associations, tenant-wide policies, or other configurations that impact available compute. Such modifications may allow adversaries to abuse the victim’s compute resources to achieve their goals, potentially without affecting the execution of running instances and/or revealing their activities to the victim. For example, cloud providers often limit customer usage of compute resources via quotas. Customers may request adjustments to these quotas to support increased computing needs, though these adjustments may require approval from the cloud provider. Adversaries who compromise a cloud environment may similarly request quota adjustments in order to support their activities, such as enabling additional [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496) without raising suspicion by using up a victim’s entire quota.(Citation: Microsoft Cryptojacking 2023) Adversaries may also increase allowed resource usage by modifying any tenant-wide policies that limit the sizes of deployed virtual machines.(Citation: Microsoft Azure Policy) Adversaries may also modify settings that affect where cloud resources can be deployed, such as enabling [Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535).
Near-miss passage: T1578.001 Create Snapshot. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. An adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0049
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0049. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 and 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6267. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE before 2.2.3 on ASR 1000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted L2TP packet, aka Bug IDs CSCsw95722 and CSCsw95496.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5356
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5356. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in admin/filebrowser.php in GetSimple CMS before 3.3.6 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the func parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1906. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the REST API in IBM Business Process Manager (BPM) 7.5.x through 7.5.1.2, 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0 through 8.5.0.1, 8.5.5 through 8.5.5.0, and 8.5.6 through 8.5.6.0 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Query: EDR alert: possible Inter-Process Communication (T1559)
Matching passage: T1559 Inter-Process Communication. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms for local code or command execution. IPC is typically used by processes to share data, communicate with each other, or synchronize execution. IPC is also commonly used to avoid situations such as deadlocks, which occurs when processes are stuck in a cyclic waiting pattern. Adversaries may abuse IPC to execute arbitrary code or commands. IPC mechanisms may differ depending on OS, but typically exists in a form accessible through programming languages/libraries or native interfaces such as Windows [Dynamic Data Exchange](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/002) or [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001). Linux environments support several different IPC mechanisms, two of which being sockets and pipes.(Citation: Linux IPC) Higher level execution mediums, such as those of [Command and Scripting Interpreter](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059)s, may also leverage underlying IPC mechanisms. Adversaries may also use [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) to facilitate remote IPC execution.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)
Near-miss passage: T1559.001 Component Object Model. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution. COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the native Windows application programming interface (API) that enables interaction between software objects, or executable code that implements one or more interfaces.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) Through COM, a client object can call methods of server objects, which are typically binary Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) or executables (EXE).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Remote COM execution is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) (DCOM).(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019) Various COM interfaces are exposed that can be abused to invoke arbitrary execution via a variety of programming languages such as C, C++, Java, and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).(Citation: Microsoft COM) Specific COM objects also exist to directly perform functions beyond code execution, such as creating a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), fileless download/execution, and other adversary behaviors related to privilege escalation and persistence.(Citation: Fireeye Hunting COM June 2019)(Citation: ProjectZero File Write EoP Apr 2018)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0605
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0605. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The uuencode inspection engine in Cisco AsyncOS on Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) devices 8.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass intended content restrictions via a crafted e-mail attachment with uuencode encoding, aka Bug ID CSCzv54343.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7809. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The displayBlock function Template.php in Sensio Labs Twig before 1.20.0, when Sandbox mode is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the _self variable in a template.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0737
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0737. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Cisco FireSIGHT System Software 5.3.1.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted (1) GET or (2) POST parameter, aka Bug ID CSCuu11099.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1653. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2013 SP1 and SharePoint Server 2013 SP1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted request, aka "Microsoft SharePoint XSS Vulnerability."
Query: write Sigma for It is extremely abnormal for svchost.exe to spawn without any CLI arguments and is normally observed when a malicious pr
Matching passage: Sigma rule: It is extremely abnormal for svchost.exe to spawn without any CLI arguments and is normally observed when a malicious pr. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspect Svchost Activity id: 16c37b52-b141-42a5-a3ea-bbe098444397 status: test description: It is extremely abnormal for svchost.exe to spawn without any CLI arguments and is normally observed when a malicious process spawns the process and injects code into the process memory space. references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20180718061628/https://securitybytes.io/blue-team-fundamentals-part-two-windows-processes-759fe15965e2 author: David Burkett, @signalblur date: 2019-12-28 modified: 2022-06-27 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1055 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|endswith: svchost.exe Image|endswith: \svchost.exe filter: - ParentImage|endswith: - \rpcnet.exe - \rpcnetp.exe - CommandLine: null condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Rpcnet.exe / rpcnetp.exe which is a lojack style software. https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-14/materials/us-14-Kamlyuk-Kamluk-Computrace-Backdoor-Revisited.pdf level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects appending of zip file to image. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Steganography Hide Zip Information in Picture File id: 45810b50-7edc-42ca-813b-bdac02fb946b status: test description: Detects appending of zip file to image references: - https://zerotoroot.me/steganography-hiding-a-zip-in-a-jpeg-file/ author: Pawel Mazur date: 2021-09-09 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.003 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: commands: type: EXECVE a0: cat a1: a1|endswith: - .jpg - .png a2: a2|endswith: .zip condition: commands and a1 and a2 falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.42 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0499. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.42 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Federated.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0536. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. EMC RSA BSAFE Micro Edition Suite (MES) 4.0.x before 4.0.8 and 4.1.x before 4.1.3 and RSA BSAFE SSL-C 2.8.9 and earlier, when client authentication and an ephemeral Diffie-Hellman ciphersuite are enabled, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a ClientKeyExchange message with a length of zero, a similar issue to CVE-2015-1787.