alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of The X509_to_X509_REQ function in crypto/x509/x509_req.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zf, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0r, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1m, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a might allow attackers to cause 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0288. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. The X509_to_X509_REQ function in crypto/x509/x509_req.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zf, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0r, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1m, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a might allow attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via an invalid certificate key.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0358. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0349, CVE-2015-0351, and CVE-2015-3039.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7393
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7393. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. dcoep in BIG-IP LTM, Analytics, APM, ASM, and Link Controller 11.2.0 through 11.6.0 and 12.0.0 before 12.0.0 HF1, BIG-IP AAM 11.4.0 through 11.6.0 and 12.0.0 before 12.0.0 HF1, BIG-IP AFM and PEM 11.3.0 through 11.6.0 and 12.0.0 before 12.0.0 HF1, BIG-IP DNS 12.0.0 before 12.0.0 HF1, BIG-IP Edge Gateway, WebAccelerator, and WOM 11.2.0 through 11.3.0, BIG-IP GTM 11.2.0 through 11.6.0, BIG-IP PSM 11.2.0 through 11.4.1, Enterprise Manager 3.0.0 through 3.1.1, BIG-IQ Cloud 4.0.0 through 4.5.0, BIG-IQ Device 4.2.0 through 4.5.0, BIG-IQ Security 4.0.0 through 4.5.0, BIG-IQ ADC 4.5.0, BIG-IQ Centralized Management 4.6.0, and BIG-IQ Cloud and Orchestration 1.0.0 allows local users with advanced shell (bash) access to gain privileges via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2649. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1, 8.22, and 15.0 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via vectors related to UIF Open UI.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6344
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6344. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The web-based GUI in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) CX Context-Aware Security 9.3(4.1.11) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive user information via an unspecified HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCuv74105.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1113. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 1.899999976158142. The Sandbox Profiles component in Apple iOS before 8.3 allows attackers to read the (1) telephone number or (2) e-mail address of a recent contact via a crafted app.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4302
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4302. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. The web interface in Cisco FireSIGHT Management Center 5.3.1.4 allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary system policies via modified parameters in a POST request, aka Bug ID CSCuu25390.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0820. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 does not properly restrict transitions of JavaScript objects from a non-extensible state to an extensible state, which allows remote attackers to bypass a Caja Compiler sandbox protection mechanism or a Secure EcmaScript sandbox protection mechanism via a crafted web site.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3085
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3085. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allow remote attackers to bypass intended restrictions on filesystem write operations via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3082 and CVE-2015-3083.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5663. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. The file-execution functionality in WinRAR before 5.30 beta 5 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse file with a name similar to an extensionless filename that was selected by the user.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / registry_set
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects setting of a new registry value related to BgInfo configuration, which can be abused to execute custom WMI query. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: New BgInfo.EXE Custom WMI Query Registry Configuration id: cd277474-5c52-4423-a52b-ac2d7969902f related: - id: 992dd79f-dde8-4bb0-9085-6350ba97cfb3 type: similar status: test description: Detects setting of a new registry value related to BgInfo configuration, which can be abused to execute custom WMI query via "BgInfo.exe" references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-16 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Software\Winternals\BGInfo\UserFields\ Details|startswith: '6' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate WMI query level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects activity when the settings of the Windows firewall have been changed. Logsource: windows / firewall-as. Rule: title: Windows Firewall Settings Have Been Changed id: 00bb5bd5-1379-4fcf-a965-a5b6f7478064 status: test description: Detects activity when the settings of the Windows firewall have been changed references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2008-r2-and-2008/dd364427(v=ws.10) author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-02-19 modified: 2023-04-21 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: product: windows service: firewall-as detection: selection: EventID: - 2002 - 2083 - 2003 - 2082 - 2008 condition: selection level: low
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4955
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4955. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM Business Process Manager (BPM) 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0 through 8.5.0.1, 8.5.5 through 8.5.5.0, and 8.5.6 before 8.5.6.0 CF1 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3615. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Fortinet FortiManager 5.0.x before 5.0.11, 5.2.x before 5.2.2 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors involving unspecified parameters and a privilege escalation attack.
Query: intelligence brief on T1095
Matching passage: T1095 Non-Application Layer Protocol. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.(Citation: Wikipedia OSI) Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL). ICMP communication between hosts is one example.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) Because ICMP is part of the Internet Protocol Suite, it is required to be implemented by all IP-compatible hosts.(Citation: Microsoft ICMP) However, it is not as commonly monitored as other Internet Protocols such as TCP or UDP and may be used by adversaries to hide communications. In ESXi environments, adversaries may leverage the Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) for communication between guest virtual machines and the ESXi host. This traffic is similar to client-server communications on traditional network sockets but is localized to the physical machine running the ESXi host, meaning it does not traverse external networks (routers, switches). This results in communications that are invisible to external monitoring and standard networking tools like tcpdump, netstat, nmap, and Wireshark. By adding a VMCI backdoor to a compromised ESXi host, adversaries may persistently regain access from any guest VM to the compromised ESXi host’s backdoor, regardless of network segmentation or firewall rules in place.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence VMWare ESXi Zero-Day 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1132 Data Encoding. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system. Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5643
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5643. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The installer in ICZ MATCHA INVOICE before 2.5.7 does not properly configure the database, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4726. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 7.5. PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in ajax/myajaxphp.php in AudioShare 2.0.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the config['basedir'] parameter.
Query: alert when Detects changes to the AMSI come server registry key in order disable AMSI scanning functionalities. When AMSI attempts
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the AMSI come server registry key in order disable AMSI scanning functionalities. When AMSI attempts. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential AMSI COM Server Hijacking id: 160d2780-31f7-4922-8b3a-efce30e63e96 status: test description: Detects changes to the AMSI come server registry key in order disable AMSI scanning functionalities. When AMSI attempts to starts its COM component, it will query its registered CLSID and return a non-existent COM server. This causes a load failure and prevents any scanning methods from being accessed, ultimately rendering AMSI useless references: - https://enigma0x3.net/2017/07/19/bypassing-amsi-via-com-server-hijacking/ - https://github.com/r00t-3xp10it/hacking-material-books/blob/43cb1e1932c16ff1f58b755bc9ab6b096046853f/obfuscation/simple_obfuscation.md#amsi-comreg-bypass author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-04 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \CLSID\{fdb00e52-a214-4aa1-8fba-4357bb0072ec}\InProcServer32\(Default) filter: Details: '%windir%\system32\amsi.dll' condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls to modify the registry and possible execute code. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: Remote Registry Lateral Movement id: 35c55673-84ca-4e99-8d09-e334f3c29539 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls to modify the registry and possible execute code references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-rrp/0fa3191d-bb79-490a-81bd-54c2601b7a78 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-RRP.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 - attack.persistence logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:338cd001-2244-31f1-aaaa-900038001003"' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 338cd001-2244-31f1-aaaa-900038001003 OpNum: - 6 - 7 - 8 - 13 - 18 - 19 - 21 - 22 - 23 - 35 condition: selection falsepositives: - Remote administration of registry values level: high
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / registry_set
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Session Manager Autorun Keys Modification id: 046218bd-e0d8-4113-a3c3-895a12b2b298 related: - id: 17f878b8-9968-4578-b814-c4217fc5768c type: obsolete status: test description: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/autoruns - https://gist.github.com/GlebSukhodolskiy/0fc5fa5f482903064b448890db1eaf9d author: Victor Sergeev, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Gleb Sukhodolskiy, Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community, Tim Shelton, frack113 (split) date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 - attack.t1546.009 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: session_manager_base: TargetObject|contains: \System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager session_manager: TargetObject|contains: - \SetupExecute - \S0InitialCommand - \KnownDlls - \Execute - \BootExecute - \AppCertDlls filter: Details: (Empty) condition: session_manager_base and session_manager and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate software automatically (mostly, during installation) sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason - Legitimate administrator sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of Chromium based browser in headless mode. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Browser Execution In Headless Mode id: ef9dcfed-690c-4c5d-a9d1-482cd422225c related: - id: 0e8cfe08-02c9-4815-a2f8-0d157b7ed33e type: derived status: test description: Detects execution of Chromium based browser in headless mode references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1478234484881436672?s=12 - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/e/managed-xdr-investigation-of-ducktail-in-trend-micro-vision-one.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-09-12 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.stealth - attack.t1105 - attack.t1564.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \brave.exe - \chrome.exe - \msedge.exe - \opera.exe - \vivaldi.exe CommandLine|contains: --headless condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: describe CVE-2015-7992
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7992. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.0. SAP HANA DB 1.00.73.00.389160 (NewDB100_REL) allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and indexserver crash) via unspecified vectors to the EXECUTE_SEARCH_RULE_SET stored procedure, aka SAP Security Note 2175928.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3777. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Multiple buffer overflows in blued in the Bluetooth subsystem in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allow local users to gain privileges via XPC messages.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1995
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1995. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in IBM Security QRadar Incident Forensics 7.2.x before 7.2.5 Patch 5 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9397. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. The gocodes plugin through 1.3.5 for WordPress has wp-admin/tools.php deletegc XSS.
Query: what is T1499.001
Matching passage: T1499.001 OS Exhaustion Flood. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may launch a denial of service (DoS) attack targeting an endpoint's operating system (OS). A system's OS is responsible for managing the finite resources as well as preventing the entire system from being overwhelmed by excessive demands on its capacity. These attacks do not need to exhaust the actual resources on a system; the attacks may simply exhaust the limits and available resources that an OS self-imposes. Different ways to achieve this exist, including TCP state-exhaustion attacks such as SYN floods and ACK floods.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) With SYN floods, excessive amounts of SYN packets are sent, but the 3-way TCP handshake is never completed. Because each OS has a maximum number of concurrent TCP connections that it will allow, this can quickly exhaust the ability of the system to receive new requests for TCP connections, thus preventing access to any TCP service provided by the server.(Citation: Cloudflare SynFlood) ACK floods leverage the stateful nature of the TCP protocol. A flood of ACK packets are sent to the target. This forces the OS to search its state table for a related TCP connection that has already been established. Because the ACK packets are for connections that do not exist, the OS will have to search the entire state table to confirm that no match exists. When it is necessary to do this for a large flood of packets, the computational requirements can cause the server to become sluggish and/or unresponsive, due to the work it must do to eliminate the rogue ACK packets. This greatly reduces the resources available for providing the targeted service.(Citation: Corero SYN-ACKflood)
Near-miss passage: T1499.003 Application Exhaustion Flood. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may target resource intensive features of applications to cause a denial of service (DoS), denying availability to those applications. For example, specific features in web applications may be highly resource intensive. Repeated requests to those features may be able to exhaust system resources and deny access to the application or the server itself.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018)
Query: describe CVE-2015-3658
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3658. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Page Loading functionality in WebKit in Apple Safari before 6.2.7, 7.x before 7.1.7, and 8.x before 8.0.7, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4 and other products, does not properly consider redirects during decisions about sending an Origin header, which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass CSRF protection mechanisms via a crafted web site.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3996. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The default AFSecurityPolicy.validatesDomainName configuration for AFSSLPinningModeNone in the AFNetworking framework before 2.5.3, as used in the ownCloud iOS Library, disables verification of a server hostname against the domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.
Query: detect Detects the execution of AdvancedRun utility in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of AdvancedRun utility. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - AdvancedRun Execution id: d2b749ee-4225-417e-b20e-a8d2193cbb84 related: - id: fa00b701-44c6-4679-994d-5a18afa8a707 type: similar status: test description: Detects the execution of AdvancedRun utility references: - https://twitter.com/splinter_code/status/1483815103279603714 - https://medium.com/s2wblog/analysis-of-destructive-malware-whispergate-targeting-ukraine-9d5d158f19f3 - https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/operation-bleeding-bear - https://www.winhelponline.com/blog/run-program-as-system-localsystem-account-windows/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-20 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.003 - attack.t1134.002 - attack.t1059.003 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: AdvancedRun.exe - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /EXEFilename ' - ' /Run' - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /WindowState 0' - ' /RunAs ' - ' /CommandLine ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_pua_advancedrun/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects tampering with the "ChannelAccess" registry key in order to change access to Windows event channel.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Change Winevt Channel Access Permission Via Registry id: 7d9263bd-dc47-4a58-bc92-5474abab390c status: test description: Detects tampering with the "ChannelAccess" registry key in order to change access to Windows event channel. references: - https://app.any.run/tasks/77b2e328-8f36-46b2-b2e2-8a80398217ab/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winevt/ - https://itconnect.uw.edu/tools-services-support/it-systems-infrastructure/msinf/other-help/understanding-sddl-syntax/ author: frack113 date: 2022-09-17 modified: 2024-03-25 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Channels\ TargetObject|endswith: \ChannelAccess Details|contains: - (A;;0x1;;;LA) - (A;;0x1;;;SY) - (A;;0x5;;;BA) filter_main_trustedinstaller: Image: C:\Windows\servicing\TrustedInstaller.exe filter_main_tiworker: Image|startswith: C:\Windows\WinSxS\ Image|endswith: \TiWorker.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: Use-after-free vulnerability in the ContainerNode::notifyNodeInsertedInternal function in WebKit/Source/core/dom/ContainerNode.cpp in the DOM implementation in Google Chrome before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6777. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the ContainerNode::notifyNodeInsertedInternal function in WebKit/Source/core/dom/ContainerNode.cpp in the DOM implementation in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors related to DOMCharacterDataModified events for certain detached-subtree insertions.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2663. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Transportation Management component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 6.1, 6.2, and 6.3.0 through 6.3.7 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors related to Business Process Automation.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6155
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6155. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 and Microsoft Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Microsoft Browser Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3791. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. QuickTime 7 in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3765, CVE-2015-3779, CVE-2015-3788, CVE-2015-3789, CVE-2015-3790, CVE-2015-3792, CVE-2015-5751, CVE-2015-5753, and CVE-2015-5779.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7544
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7544. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. redhat-support-plugin-rhev in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager (aka RHEV Manager) before 3.6 allows remote authenticated users with the SuperUser role on any Entity to execute arbitrary commands on any host in the RHEV environment.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0931. CWE: CWE-74. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Ektron Content Management System (CMS) 8.5 and 8.7 before 8.7sp2 and 9.0 before sp1, when the Saxon XSLT parser is used, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted XSLT document, related to a "resource injection" issue.