alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: mitigate Disable or Modify Linux Audit System Log
Matching passage: T1685.004 Disable or Modify Linux Audit System Log. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify the Linux Audit system to hide malicious activity and avoid detection. Linux admins use the Linux Audit system to track security-relevant information on a system. The Linux Audit system operates at the kernel-level and maintains event logs on application and system activity such as process, network, file, and login events based on pre-configured rules. Often referred to as `auditd`, this is the name of the daemon used to write events to disk and is governed by the parameters set in the `audit.conf` configuration file. Two primary ways to configure the log generation rules are through the command line `auditctl` utility and the file `/etc/audit/audit.rules`, containing a sequence of `auditctl` commands loaded at boot time.(Citation: IzyKnows auditd threat detection 2022)(Citation: Red Hat Linux Disable or Mod) With root privileges, adversaries may be able to ensure their activity is not logged through disabling the Audit system service, editing the configuration/rule files, or by hooking the Audit system library functions. Using the command line, adversaries can disable the Audit system service through killing processes associated with `auditd` daemon or use `systemctl` to stop the Audit service. Adversaries can also hook Audit system functions to disable logging or modify the rules contained in the `/etc/audit/audit.rules` or `audit.conf` files to ignore malicious activity.(Citation: ESET Ebury Feb 2014)
Near-miss passage: T1685.003 Modify or Spoof Tool UI. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may spoof or manipulate security tool user interfaces (UIs) to falsely indicate tools are functioning normally and delay detection and response. Adversaries may present misleading or falsified security tool interfaces (UIs) that display normal or healthy status indicators, even when underlying security tools have been disabled, degraded, or otherwise tampered with. Security tools typically provide visibility into system health, alerting, and operational status; by misrepresenting this information, adversaries can undermine defender trust in these signals and obscure the true security posture of the system. This behavior is often used in conjunction with efforts to disable or modify tools, where adversaries first impair the functionality of defenses (e.g., EDR, logging agents) and then replace or mimic their interfaces to conceal the loss of visibility. By maintaining the appearance of normal operations, such as showing active protection, successful updates, or absence of threats, adversaries can delay investigation and response, enabling continued malicious activity. For example, adversaries may display a fake Windows Security interface or system tray icon indicating a “protected” or “healthy” state after disabling Windows Defender or related services.(Citation: BlackBasta)
Query: rule covering Detects blocked image load events with revoked certificates by code integrity.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects blocked image load events with revoked certificates by code integrity.. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Blocked Image Load With Revoked Certificate id: 6f156c48-3894-4952-baf0-16193e9067d2 status: test description: Detects blocked image load events with revoked certificates by code integrity. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-tag-explanations - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3036 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects process dump via legitimate sqldumper.exe binary. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Dumping Process via Sqldumper.exe id: 23ceaf5c-b6f1-4a32-8559-f2ff734be516 status: test description: Detects process dump via legitimate sqldumper.exe binary references: - https://twitter.com/countuponsec/status/910977826853068800 - https://twitter.com/countuponsec/status/910969424215232518 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Sqldumper/ author: Kirill Kiryanov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-08 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \sqldumper.exe CommandLine|contains: - '0x0110' - 0x01100:40 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate MSSQL Server actions level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Compress target file into a cab file stored in the Alternate Data Stream (ADS) of the target file.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Compress target file into a cab file stored in the Alternate Data Stream (ADS) of the target file.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Diantz Alternate Data Stream Execution id: 6b369ced-4b1d-48f1-b427-fdc0de0790bd status: test description: Compress target file into a cab file stored in the Alternate Data Stream (ADS) of the target file. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Diantz/ author: frack113 date: 2021-11-26 modified: 2022-12-31 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.004 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - diantz.exe - .cab CommandLine|re: :[^\\] condition: selection falsepositives: - Very Possible level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects an executable initiating a network connection to "LocaltoNet" tunneling sub-domains. LocaltoNet is a reverse pro. Logsource: linux / network_connection. Rule: title: Communication To LocaltoNet Tunneling Service Initiated - Linux id: c4568f5d-131f-4e78-83d4-45b2da0ec4f1 status: test description: 'Detects an executable initiating a network connection to "LocaltoNet" tunneling sub-domains. LocaltoNet is a reverse proxy that enables localhost services to be exposed to the Internet. Attackers have been seen to use this service for command-and-control activities to bypass MFA and perimeter controls. ' references: - https://localtonet.com/documents/supported-tunnels - https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/unc3944-targets-saas-applications author: Andreas Braathen (mnemonic.io) date: 2024-06-17 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1572 - attack.t1090 - attack.t1102 logsource: category: network_connection product: linux detection: selection: DestinationHostname|endswith: - .localto.net - .localtonet.com Initiated: 'true' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the LocaltoNet service. level: high
Query: explain CWE-536
Matching passage: CWE-536 Servlet Runtime Error Message Containing Sensitive Information. A servlet error message indicates that there exists an unhandled exception in the web application code and may provide useful information to an attacker.
Near-miss passage: CWE-611 Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference. The product processes an XML document that can contain XML entities with URIs that resolve to documents outside of the intended sphere of control, causing the product to embed incorrect documents into its output.
Query: risk of The Dynamic display block module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and read sensitive titles by leveraging 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5491. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.5. The Dynamic display block module 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and read sensitive titles by leveraging the "administer ddblock" permission.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4537. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.5. Lockbox in EMC Documentum D2 before 4.5 uses a hardcoded passphrase when a server lacks a D2.Lockbox file, which makes it easier for remote authenticated users to decrypt admin tickets by locating this passphrase in a decompiled D2 JAR archive.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Configurator component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidenti
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4848. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Configurator component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Integration with Peoplesoft.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2115. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.700000047683716. Unspecified vulnerability in HP Capture and Route Software (HPCR) 1.3 before Patch 7, 1.3 FP1 before Patch 1, and 1.4 before Patch 1 allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unknown vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2826
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2826. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. WordPress Simple Ads Manager plugin 2.5.94 and 2.5.96 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3391. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Path Breadcrumbs module before 7.x-3.2 for Drupal allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive node titles by reading a 403 Not Found page.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Hypervisor
Matching passage: T1062 Hypervisor. Tactics: persistence. Description: **This technique has been deprecated and should no longer be used.** A type-1 hypervisor is a software layer that sits between the guest operating systems and system's hardware. (Citation: Wikipedia Hypervisor) It presents a virtual running environment to an operating system. An example of a common hypervisor is Xen. (Citation: Wikipedia Xen) A type-1 hypervisor operates at a level below the operating system and could be designed with [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) functionality to hide its existence from the guest operating system. (Citation: Myers 2007) A malicious hypervisor of this nature could be used to persist on systems through interruption.
Near-miss passage: T1556.001 Domain Controller Authentication. Tactics: defense impairment, persistence, credential access. Description: Adversaries may patch the authentication process on a domain controller to bypass the typical authentication mechanisms and enable access to accounts. Malware may be used to inject false credentials into the authentication process on a domain controller with the intent of creating a backdoor used to access any user’s account and/or credentials (ex: [Skeleton Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0007)). Skeleton key works through a patch on an enterprise domain controller authentication process (LSASS) with credentials that adversaries may use to bypass the standard authentication system. Once patched, an adversary can use the injected password to successfully authenticate as any domain user account (until the the skeleton key is erased from memory by a reboot of the domain controller). Authenticated access may enable unfettered access to hosts and/or resources within single-factor authentication environments.(Citation: Dell Skeleton)
Query: describe CVE-2015-5020
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5020. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Big SQL component in IBM InfoSphere BigInsights 3.0, 3.0.0.1, 3.0.0.2, and 4.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and truncate arbitrary tables via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0162. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.0. IBM Security SiteProtector System 3.0, 3.1, and 3.1.1 allows local users to gain privileges.
Query: detection rule: Detects usage of the "Write-EventLog" cmdlet with 'RawData' flag. The cmdlet can be levreage to write malicious payloads
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of the "Write-EventLog" cmdlet with 'RawData' flag. The cmdlet can be levreage to write malicious payloads. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: PowerShell Write-EventLog Usage id: 35f41cd7-c98e-469f-8a02-ec4ba0cc7a7e status: test description: Detects usage of the "Write-EventLog" cmdlet with 'RawData' flag. The cmdlet can be levreage to write malicious payloads to the EventLog and then retrieve them later for later use references: - https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/windows-event-logs-for-red-teams/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-16 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - Write-EventLog - '-RawData ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate applications writing events via this cmdlet. Investigate alerts to determine if the action is benign level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a change in the AWS Identity Center (FKA AWS SSO) identity provider. A change in identity provider allows an att. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS Identity Center Identity Provider Change id: d3adb3ef-b7e7-4003-9092-1924c797db35 status: test description: 'Detects a change in the AWS Identity Center (FKA AWS SSO) identity provider. A change in identity provider allows an attacker to establish persistent access or escalate privileges via user impersonation. ' references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/singlesignon/latest/userguide/app-enablement.html - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/singlesignon/latest/userguide/sso-info-in-cloudtrail.html - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/service-authorization/latest/reference/list_awsiamidentitycentersuccessortoawssinglesign-on.html author: Michael McIntyre @wtfender date: 2023-09-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: - sso-directory.amazonaws.com - sso.amazonaws.com eventName: - AssociateDirectory - DisableExternalIdPConfigurationForDirectory - DisassociateDirectory - EnableExternalIdPConfigurationForDirectory condition: selection falsepositives: - Authorized changes to the AWS account's identity provider level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-3782
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3782. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. CloudKit in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to access an iCloud user record associated with a previous user's login session via a crafted app.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2997. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. SysAid Help Desk before 15.2 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via an invalid value in the accountid parameter to getAgentLogFile, as demonstrated by a large directory traversal sequence, which reveals the installation path in an error message.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1878
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1878. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Thales nShield Connect hardware models 500, 1500, 6000, 500+, 1500+, and 6000+ before 11.72 allows physically proximate attackers to sign arbitrary data with previously loaded signing keys, extract the device identification key [KNETI] and impersonate the nShield Connect device on a network, affect the integrity and confidentiality of newly created keys, and potentially cause other unspecified impacts using previously loaded keys by connecting to the USB port on the front panel.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4303. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) X8.5.2 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands in the context of the nobody user account via an unspecified web-page parameter, aka Bug ID CSCuv12333.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Ultimate Member WordPress plugin before 1.3.29 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8354. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Ultimate Member WordPress plugin before 1.3.29 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the _refer parameter to wp-admin/users.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2294. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the WebGUI in pfSense before 2.2.1 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) zone parameter to status_captiveportal.php; (2) if or (3) dragtable parameter to firewall_rules.php; (4) queue parameter in an add action to firewall_shaper.php; (5) id parameter in an edit action to services_unbound_acls.php; or (6) filterlogentries_time, (7) filterlogentries_sourceipaddress, (8) filterlogentries_sourceport, (9) filterlogentries_destinationipaddress, (10) filterlogentries_interfaces, (11) filterlogentries_destinationport, (12) filterlogentries_protocolflags, or (13) filterlogentries_qty parameter to diag_logs_filter.php.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3167
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3167. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. contrib/pgcrypto in PostgreSQL before 9.0.20, 9.1.x before 9.1.16, 9.2.x before 9.2.11, 9.3.x before 9.3.7, and 9.4.x before 9.4.2 uses different error responses when an incorrect key is used, which makes it easier for attackers to obtain the key via a brute force attack.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0783. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. The FileViewer class in Novell ZENworks Configuration Management (ZCM) allows remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files via the filename variable.
Query: risk of IBM OpenPages GRC Platform 6.2 before IF7, 6.2.1 before 6.2.1.1 IF5, 7.0 before FP4, and 7.1 before FP1 allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information by reading
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0143. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. IBM OpenPages GRC Platform 6.2 before IF7, 6.2.1 before 6.2.1.1 IF5, 7.0 before FP4, and 7.1 before FP1 allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information by reading error messages.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4295. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The Prime Collaboration Deployment component in Cisco Unified Communications Manager 10.5(3.10000.9) allows remote authenticated users to discover root credentials via a direct request to an unspecified URL, aka Bug ID CSCuv21819.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2882
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2882. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Philips In.Sight B120/37 has a password of b120root for the backdoor root account, a password of /ADMIN/ for the backdoor admin account, a password of merlin for the backdoor mg3500 account, a password of M100-4674448 for the backdoor user account, and a password of M100-4674448 for the backdoor admin account.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2887. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. iBaby M3S has a password of admin for the backdoor admin account.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4481
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4481. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Race condition in the Mozilla Maintenance Service in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2 on Windows allows local users to write to arbitrary files and consequently gain privileges via vectors involving a hard link to a log file during an update.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7817. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Race condition in the administration-panel web service in IBM System Networking Switch Center (SNSC) before 7.3.1.5 and Lenovo Switch Center before 8.1.2.0 allows remote attackers to obtain privileged-account access, and consequently provide FileReader.jsp input containing directory traversal sequences to read arbitrary text files, via a request to port 40080 or 40443.
Query: rule covering Detects the deletion of an AWS SAML provider, potentially indicating malicious intent to disrupt administrative or secur
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of an AWS SAML provider, potentially indicating malicious intent to disrupt administrative or secur. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS SAML Provider Deletion Activity id: ccd6a6c8-bb4e-4a91-9d2a-07e632819374 status: experimental description: 'Detects the deletion of an AWS SAML provider, potentially indicating malicious intent to disrupt administrative or security team access. An attacker can remove the SAML provider for the information security team or a team of system administrators, to make it difficult for them to work and investigate at the time of the attack and after it. ' references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/APIReference/API_DeleteSAMLProvider.html author: Ivan Saakov date: 2024-12-19 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.t1531 - attack.impact logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: iam.amazonaws.com eventName: DeleteSAMLProvider status: success condition: selection falsepositives: - Automated processes using tools like Terraform may trigger this alert. - Legitimate administrative actions by authorized system administrators could cause this alert. Verify the user identity, user agent, and hostname to ensure they are expected. - Deletions by unfamiliar users should be investigated. If the behavior is known and expected, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects that network ACL entries have been added to a route table which could indicate that new attack vectors have been. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: New Network ACL Entry Added id: e1f7febb-7b94-4234-b5c6-00fb8500f5dd status: test description: 'Detects that network ACL entries have been added to a route table which could indicate that new attack vectors have been opened up in the AWS account. ' references: - https://www.gorillastack.com/blog/real-time-events/important-aws-cloudtrail-security-events-tracking/ author: jamesc-grafana date: 2024-07-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.001 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: ec2.amazonaws.com eventName: CreateNetworkAclEntry condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of ACLs to enable customer and staff access from the public internet into a public VPC level: low