alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: describe CVE-2015-0867
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0867. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 5.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in SYNCK GRAPHICA Download Log CGI 3.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted filename.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8535. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. MITRE is populating this ID because it was assigned prior to Lenovo becoming a CNA. A directory traversal vulnerability was discovered (fixed and publicly disclosed in 2015) in Lenovo Solution Center (LSC) prior to version 3.3.002 that could allow a user to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Query: alert when Detects changes to the "TracingDisabled" key in order to disable ETW logging for services.exe (SCM)
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the "TracingDisabled" key in order to disable ETW logging for services.exe (SCM). Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: ETW Logging Disabled For SCM id: 4f281b83-0200-4b34-bf35-d24687ea57c2 status: test description: Detects changes to the "TracingDisabled" key in order to disable ETW logging for services.exe (SCM) references: - http://redplait.blogspot.com/2020/07/whats-wrong-with-etw.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-09 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Tracing\SCM\Regular\TracingDisabled Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "rundll32" calling "advpack.dll" with potential obfuscated ordinal calls in order to leverage the ". Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Advpack Call Via Rundll32.EXE id: a1473adb-5338-4a20-b4c3-126763e2d3d3 status: test description: Detects execution of "rundll32" calling "advpack.dll" with potential obfuscated ordinal calls in order to leverage the "RegisterOCX" function references: - https://twitter.com/Hexacorn/status/1224848930795552769 - http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2020/02/05/stay-positive-lolbins-not/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-17 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe - OriginalFileName: RUNDLL32.EXE - CommandLine|contains: rundll32 selection_cli_dll: CommandLine|contains: advpack selection_cli_ordinal: - CommandLine|contains|all: - '#+' - '12' - CommandLine|contains: '#-' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1839
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1839. CWE: CWE-19. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. modules/chef.py in SaltStack before 2014.7.4 does not properly handle files in /tmp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2285. CWE: CWE-19. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The logrotation script (/etc/cron.daily/upstart) in the Ubuntu Upstart package before 1.13.2-0ubuntu9, as used in Ubuntu Vivid 15.04, allows local users to execute arbitrary commands and gain privileges via a crafted file in /run/user/*/upstart/sessions/.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3421
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3421. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The eshop_checkout function in checkout.php in the Wordpress Eshop plugin 6.3.11 and earlier does not validate variables in the "eshopcart" HTTP cookie, which allows remote attackers to perform cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks, or a path disclosure attack via crafted variables named after target PHP variables.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2359. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the web applications in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 8 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, aka "Exchange HTML Injection Vulnerability."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0684
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0684. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the Image Management component in Cisco Unified Communications Domain Manager 8.1(4) allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq52515.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7346. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. SQL injection vulnerability in ZCMS 1.1.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Knowledge component in Oracle Right Now Service Cloud 8.2.3.10.1 and 8.4.7.2 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0440. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Knowledge component in Oracle Right Now Service Cloud 8.2.3.10.1 and 8.4.7.2 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Information Manager Console.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8830. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the aio_setup_single_vector function in fs/aio.c in the Linux kernel 4.0 allows local users to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via a large AIO iovec. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of a CVE-2012-6701 regression.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7200
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7200. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. The CryptoKey interface implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.4 lacks status checking, which allows attackers to have an unspecified impact via vectors related to a cryptographic key.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6735. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 5.0. The reset functionality in the TimedMediaHandler extension for MediaWiki does not create a new transcode, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (transcode deletion) by resetting a transcode.
Query: rule covering Detects the use of stordiag.exe to execute schtasks.exe systeminfo.exe and fltmc.exe
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of stordiag.exe to execute schtasks.exe systeminfo.exe and fltmc.exe. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Execution via stordiag.exe id: 961e0abb-1b1e-4c84-a453-aafe56ad0d34 status: test description: Detects the use of stordiag.exe to execute schtasks.exe systeminfo.exe and fltmc.exe references: - https://strontic.github.io/xcyclopedia/library/stordiag.exe-1F08FC87C373673944F6A7E8B18CD845.html - https://twitter.com/eral4m/status/1451112385041911809 author: Austin Songer (@austinsonger) date: 2021-10-21 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \stordiag.exe Image|endswith: - \schtasks.exe - \systeminfo.exe - \fltmc.exe filter: ParentImage|startswith: - c:\windows\system32\ - c:\windows\syswow64\ condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of stordiag.exe. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Clfs.sys being loaded by a process running from a potentially suspicious location. Clfs.sys is loaded as part of. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Clfs.SYS Loaded By Process Located In a Potential Suspicious Location id: fb4e2211-6d08-426b-8e6f-0d4a161e3b1d status: experimental description: Detects Clfs.sys being loaded by a process running from a potentially suspicious location. Clfs.sys is loaded as part of many CVEs exploits that targets Common Log File. references: - https://ssd-disclosure.com/ssd-advisory-common-log-file-system-clfs-driver-pe/ - https://x.com/Threatlabz/status/1879956781360976155 author: X__Junior date: 2025-01-20 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection_dll: ImageLoaded|endswith: \clfs.sys selection_folders_1: Image|contains: - :\Perflogs\ - :\Users\Public\ - \Temporary Internet - \Windows\Temp\ selection_folders_2: - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Favorites\ - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Favourites\ - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Contacts\ - Image|contains|all: - :\Users\ - \Pictures\ condition: selection_dll and 1 of selection_folders_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Vulnerability Scanning
Matching passage: T1595.002 Vulnerability Scanning. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use. These scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).
Near-miss passage: T1595.001 Scanning IP Blocks. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Office Template Macros
Matching passage: T1137.001 Office Template Macros. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles. The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts. (Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template) Office Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence. Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published. By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro. Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation: Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) Word Normal.dotm location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Templates\Normal.dotm</code> Excel Personal.xlsb location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Excel\XLSTART\PERSONAL.XLSB</code> Adversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\root\Office16\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key. By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup. To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending
Near-miss passage: T1137.005 Outlook Rules. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) Once malicious rules have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)
Query: explain T1547.008 LSASS Driver
Matching passage: T1547.008 LSASS Driver. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems. The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence. By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads.
Near-miss passage: T1547.014 Active Setup. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine. Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in. The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level. Adversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under <code> HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\</code> and setting a malicious value for <code>StubPath</code>. This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016) Adversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.
Query: weakness Improper Preservation of Consistency Between Independent Representations of Shared State
Matching passage: CWE-1250 Improper Preservation of Consistency Between Independent Representations of Shared State. The product has or supports multiple distributed components or sub-systems that are each required to keep their own local copy of shared data - such as state or cache - but the product does not ensure that all local copies remain consistent with each other.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1049 Excessive Data Query Operations in a Large Data Table. The product performs a data query with a large number of joins and sub-queries on a large data table.
Query: risk of In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 41
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9181. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, and SD 835, in a crypto API function, a buffer over-read can occur.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5552. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5545, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5547, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, and CVE-2015-5553.
Query: common weakness: Using Referer Field for Authentication
Matching passage: CWE-293 Using Referer Field for Authentication. The referer field in HTTP requests can be easily modified and, as such, is not a valid means of message integrity checking.
Near-miss passage: CWE-112 Missing XML Validation. The product accepts XML from an untrusted source but does not validate the XML against the proper schema.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6249
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6249. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The dissect_wccp2r1_address_table_info function in epan/dissectors/packet-wccp.c in the WCCP dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.7 does not prevent the conflicting use of a table for both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted packet.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7686. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Algorithmic complexity vulnerability in Address.pm in the Email-Address module 1.908 and earlier for Perl allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a crafted string containing a list of e-mail addresses in conjunction with parenthesis characters that can be associated with nested comments. NOTE: the default configuration in 1.908 mitigates this vulnerability but misparses certain realistic comments.
Query: what is T1129
Matching passage: T1129 Shared Modules. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may execute malicious payloads via loading shared modules. Shared modules are executable files that are loaded into processes to provide access to reusable code, such as specific custom functions or invoking OS API functions (i.e., [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)). Adversaries may use this functionality as a way to execute arbitrary payloads on a victim system. For example, adversaries can modularize functionality of their malware into shared objects that perform various functions such as managing C2 network communications or execution of specific actions on objective. The Linux & macOS module loader can load and execute shared objects from arbitrary local paths. This functionality resides in `dlfcn.h` in functions such as `dlopen` and `dlsym`. Although macOS can execute `.so` files, common practice uses `.dylib` files.(Citation: Apple Dev Dynamic Libraries)(Citation: Linux Shared Libraries)(Citation: RotaJakiro 2021 netlab360 analysis)(Citation: Unit42 OceanLotus 2017) The Windows module loader can be instructed to load DLLs from arbitrary local paths and arbitrary Universal Naming Convention (UNC) network paths. This functionality resides in `NTDLL.dll` and is part of the Windows [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) which is called from functions like `LoadLibrary` at run time.(Citation: Microsoft DLL)
Near-miss passage: T1574.009 Path Interception by Unquoted Path. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch. Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\unsafe path with space\program.exe</code> vs. <code>"C:\safe path with space\program.exe"</code>). (Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys) An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\program files\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. (Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide) This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.
Query: risk of OpenStack Compute (nova) Icehouse, Juno and Havana when live migration fails allows local users to access VM volumes that they would normally not have permissions for.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2687. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. OpenStack Compute (nova) Icehouse, Juno and Havana when live migration fails allows local users to access VM volumes that they would normally not have permissions for.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2692. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 10.0. AdBlock before 2.21 allows remote attackers to block arbitrary resources on arbitrary websites and to disable arbitrary blocking filters.
Query: SOC alert related to Screen Capture
Matching passage: T1113 Screen Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may attempt to take screen captures of the desktop to gather information over the course of an operation. Screen capturing functionality may be included as a feature of a remote access tool used in post-compromise operations. Taking a screenshot is also typically possible through native utilities or API calls, such as <code>CopyFromScreen</code>, <code>xwd</code>, or <code>screencapture</code>.(Citation: CopyFromScreen .NET)(Citation: Antiquated Mac Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1125 Video Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., integrated cameras or webcams) or applications (e.g., video call services) to capture video recordings for the purpose of gathering information. Images may also be captured from devices or applications, potentially in specified intervals, in lieu of video files. Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture video or images. Video or image files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later. This technique differs from [Screen Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113) due to use of specific devices or applications for video recording rather than capturing the victim's screen. In macOS, there are a few different malware samples that record the user's webcam such as FruitFly and Proton. (Citation: objective-see 2017 review)