alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: adversary uses Remote Desktop Protocol
Matching passage: T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1021.004 SSH. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. SSH is a protocol that allows authorized users to open remote shells on other computers. Many Linux and macOS versions come with SSH installed by default, although typically disabled until the user enables it. On ESXi, SSH can be enabled either directly on the host (e.g., via `vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh`) or via vCenter.(Citation: Sygnia ESXi Ransomware 2025)(Citation: TrendMicro ESXI Ransomware)(Citation: Sygnia Abyss Locker 2025) The SSH server can be configured to use standard password authentication or public-private keypairs in lieu of or in addition to a password. In this authentication scenario, the user’s public key must be in a special file on the computer running the server that lists which keypairs are allowed to login as that user (i.e., [SSH Authorized Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/004)).
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8353
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8353. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Role Scoper plugin before 1.3.67 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the object_name parameter in a rs-object_role_edit page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6528. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in install_classic.php in Coppermine Photo Gallery (CPG) 1.5.36 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) admin_username, (2) admin_password, (3) admin_email, (4) dbserver, (5) dbname, (6) dbuser, (7) dbpass, (8) table_prefix, or (9) impath parameter.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects potential psexec command that initiate execution on a remote systems via common commandline flags used by the ut
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential psexec command that initiate execution on a remote systems via common commandline flags used by the ut. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential PsExec Remote Execution id: ea011323-7045-460b-b2d7-0f7442ea6b38 status: test description: Detects potential psexec command that initiate execution on a remote systems via common commandline flags used by the utility references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psexec - https://www.poweradmin.com/paexec/ - https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/10/kegtap-and-singlemalt-with-a-ransomware-chaser.html author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-28 modified: 2025-09-01 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1587.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - accepteula - ' -u ' - ' -p ' - ' \\\\' filter_main_localhost: CommandLine|contains: - \\\\localhost - \\\\127. condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may use to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). The adversary may then per. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Suspicious New-PSDrive to Admin Share id: 1c563233-030e-4a07-af8c-ee0490a66d3a status: test description: Adversaries may use to interact with a remote network share using Server Message Block (SMB). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1021.002/T1021.002.md#atomic-test-2---map-admin-share-powershell - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/new-psdrive?view=powershell-7.2 author: frack113 date: 2022-08-13 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.002 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - New-PSDrive - '-psprovider ' - filesystem - '-root ' - \\\\ - $ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: describe CVE-2015-0518
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0518. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.0. The Properties service in the D2FS web-service component in EMC Documentum D2 3.1 through SP1, 4.0 and 4.1 before 4.1 P22, and 4.2 before P11 allows remote authenticated users to obtain superuser privileges via an unspecified method call that modifies group permissions.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3845. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Parcel::appendFrom function in libs/binder/Parcel.cpp in Binder in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48M does not consider parcel boundaries during identification of binder objects in an append operation, which allows attackers to obtain a different application's privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 17312693.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Dell ScriptLogic Asset Manager (aka Quest Workspace Asset Manager) before 9.5 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1605. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Dell ScriptLogic Asset Manager (aka Quest Workspace Asset Manager) before 9.5 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors to (1) GetClientPackage.aspx or (2) GetProcessedPackage.aspx.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2562. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Web-Dorado ECommerce WD (com_ecommercewd) component 1.2.5 for Joomla! allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) search_category_id, (2) sort_order, or (3) filter_manufacturer_ids in a displayproducts action to index.php.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in MediaWiki before 1.19.24, 1.2x before 1.23.9, and 1.24.x before 1.24.2, when using HHVM, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2941. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in MediaWiki before 1.19.24, 1.2x before 1.23.9, and 1.24.x before 1.24.2, when using HHVM, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via an invalid parameter in a wddx format request to api.php, which is not properly handled in an error message, related to unsafe calls to wddx_serialize_value.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7666. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the (1) cp_updateMessageItem and (2) cp_deleteMessageItem functions in cp_ppp_admin_int_message_list.inc.php in the Payment Form for PayPal Pro plugin before 1.0.2 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the cal parameter.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via v
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0487. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via vectors related to PIA Core Technology, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0472.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4860. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u101, 7u85, and 8u60, and Java SE Embedded 8u51, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to RMI, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4883.
Query: detect Video Capture
Matching passage: T1125 Video Capture. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary can leverage a computer's peripheral devices (e.g., integrated cameras or webcams) or applications (e.g., video call services) to capture video recordings for the purpose of gathering information. Images may also be captured from devices or applications, potentially in specified intervals, in lieu of video files. Malware or scripts may be used to interact with the devices through an available API provided by the operating system or an application to capture video or images. Video or image files may be written to disk and exfiltrated later. This technique differs from [Screen Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113) due to use of specific devices or applications for video recording rather than capturing the victim's screen. In macOS, there are a few different malware samples that record the user's webcam such as FruitFly and Proton. (Citation: objective-see 2017 review)
Near-miss passage: T1560.003 Archive via Custom Method. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)
Query: describe CVE-2015-2137
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2137. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in HP Operations Manager i (OMi) 9.22, 9.23, 9.24, 9.25, 10.00, and 10.01 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2578. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Sun Solaris 11.2 allows remote attackers to affect availability via vectors related to Kernel IDMap.
Query: exploit Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the runtime engine in the Newphoria applican framework before 1.13.0 for Android and iOS allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7771. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the runtime engine in the Newphoria applican framework before 1.13.0 for Android and iOS allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted SSID that is encountered by an applican application, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7772.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8622. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in MediaWiki before 1.23.12, 1.24.x before 1.24.5, 1.25.x before 1.25.4, and 1.26.x before 1.26.1, when is configured with a relative URL, allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via wikitext, as demonstrated by a wikilink to a page named "javascript:alert('XSS!')."
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5635
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5635. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Newphoria Koritore application before 1.1 for Android and before 1.1 for iOS allows attackers to bypass a URL whitelist protection mechanism and obtain API access via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3083. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allow remote attackers to bypass intended restrictions on filesystem write operations via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3082 and CVE-2015-3085.
Query: playbook for alert: Persistence mechanism resembling Local Account
Matching passage: Playbook for T1087.001 Local Account. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1087.001. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: discovery. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a system to aid in follow-on behavior. Commands such as <code>net user</code> and <code>net localgroup</code> of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility and <code>id</code> and <code>groups</code> on macOS and Linux can list local users
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1087.003 Email Account. Different response path focused on discovery.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1565
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1565. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the online help in Hitachi Device Manager, Tiered Storage Manager, Replication Manager, and Global Link Manager before 8.1.2-00, and Compute Systems Manager before 7.6.1-08 and 8.x before 8.1.2-00, as used in Hitachi Command Suite, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6663. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Client form in the Device Inspector page in SAP Afaria 7 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via crafted client name data, aka SAP Security Note 2152669.
Query: actor TTPs: Search Threat Vendor Data
Matching passage: T1681 Search Threat Vendor Data. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Threat actors may seek information/indicators from closed or open threat intelligence sources gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. These reports may include descriptions of behavior, detailed breakdowns of attacks, atomic indicators such as malware hashes or IP addresses, timelines of a group’s activity, and more. Adversaries may change their behavior when planning their future operations. Adversaries have been observed replacing atomic indicators mentioned in blog posts in under a week.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence VMWare ESXi Zero-Day 2023) Adversaries have also been seen searching for their own domain names in threat vendor data and then taking them down, likely to avoid seizure or further investigation.(Citation: Sentinel One Contagious Interview ClickFix September 2025) This technique is distinct from [Threat Intel Vendors](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1597/001) in that it describes threat actors performing reconnaissance on their own activity, not in search of victim information.
Near-miss passage: T1591.001 Determine Physical Locations. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. This event must not be ignored just because
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. This event must not be ignored just because. Logsource: antivirus. Rule: title: Antivirus - Remote Access Tools Signature id: 97233998-3838-4581-88c6-f1d19d3993fb status: experimental description: 'Detects a highly relevant Antivirus alert that reports a remote access tool. This event must not be ignored just because the AV has blocked the malware but investigate, how it came there in the first place. ' references: - https://www.nextron-systems.com/?s=antivirus - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/d9669f7e3eb3a9cdf6a750eeb2ba303b5ae148a43e36546896f1d1801e912466 author: Arnim Rupp (Nextron Systems) date: 2026-06-15 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1203 - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: category: antivirus detection: selection: Signature|contains: - AgentB - AgentTesla - AMRat - Ammyy - AsyncRAT - Bandook - Bitrat - Bladabindi - Connectwise - CyberGate - DarkComet - DCrat - Delf - DokStorm - Egairtigado - Gh0st - Gorat - GodRat - Jalapeno - LummaC2 - Minirat - Netwire - NanoCore - NJRat - Paralax - PlugX - Pulsar - Quasar - Remcos - Ravartar - RemoteAdmin - RemoteTool - revengeRAT - rokRAT - salatstealer - Salgorea - SmokedHam - TigerRat - Tzeebot - WarZone - VenomRAT - Vidar - Wirenet - XWorm - Zapchast - Zegost condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the ESXi syslog configuration via "esxcli". Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: ESXi Syslog Configuration Change Via ESXCLI id: 38eb1dbb-011f-40b1-a126-cf03a0210563 status: test description: Detects changes to the ESXi syslog configuration via "esxcli" references: - https://support.solarwinds.com/SuccessCenter/s/article/Configure-ESXi-Syslog-to-LEM?language=en_US - https://developer.broadcom.com/xapis/esxcli-command-reference/7.0.0/namespace/esxcli_system.html author: Cedric Maurugeon date: 2023-09-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 - attack.t1690 - attack.t1059.012 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /esxcli CommandLine|contains|all: - system - syslog - config CommandLine|contains: ' set' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative activities level: medium
Query: SIEM correlation: privilege escalation activity consistent with AppCert DLLs
Matching passage: T1546.009 AppCert DLLs. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.
Near-miss passage: T1546.006 LC_LOAD_DYLIB Addition. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries. Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) There are tools available to perform these changes. Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed. Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn’t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-9048
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9048. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a vulnerability exists in the processing of lost RTP packets.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3215. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The NetKVM Windows Virtio driver allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (guest crash) via a crafted length value in an IP packet, as demonstrated by a value that does not account for the size of the IP options.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol
Matching passage: T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Near-miss passage: T1048 Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) Many IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).