alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: alert when Detects User Agent strings that end with an equal sign, which can be a sign of base64 encoding.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects User Agent strings that end with an equal sign, which can be a sign of base64 encoding.. Logsource: proxy. Rule: title: Potential Base64 Encoded User-Agent id: 894a8613-cf12-48b3-8e57-9085f54aa0c3 related: - id: d443095b-a221-4957-a2c4-cd1756c9b747 type: derived status: test description: Detects User Agent strings that end with an equal sign, which can be a sign of base64 encoding. references: - https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2022/07/yamabot.html - https://deviceatlas.com/blog/list-of-user-agent-strings#desktop author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Brian Ingram (update) date: 2022-07-08 modified: 2023-05-04 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: proxy detection: selection: c-useragent|endswith: '=' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of Gpg4win to encrypt files. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Encryption Using Gpg4win id: 550bbb84-ce5d-4e61-84ad-e590f0024dcd status: test description: Detects usage of Gpg4win to encrypt files references: - https://blogs.vmware.com/security/2022/11/batloader-the-evasive-downloader-malware.html - https://www.gpg4win.de/documentation.html - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2022/01/19/zloader-installs-remote-access-backdoors-and-delivers-cobalt-strike/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-09 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_metadata: - Image|endswith: - \gpg.exe - \gpg2.exe - Description: GnuPG’s OpenPGP tool selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -c ' - passphrase condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: common weakness: Null Byte Interaction Error (Poison Null Byte)
Matching passage: CWE-626 Null Byte Interaction Error (Poison Null Byte). The product does not properly handle null bytes or NUL characters when passing data between different representations or components.
Near-miss passage: CWE-73 External Control of File Name or Path. The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0981
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0981. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.5. The SOAP web interface in SCADA Engine BACnet OPC Server before 2.1.371.24 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and read or write to arbitrary database fields via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4211. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 3.1(60) on Windows does not properly validate pathnames, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted INF file, aka Bug ID CSCus65862.
Query: detection rule: Detects addition of users to the local Remote Desktop Users group via "Net" or "Add-LocalGroupMember".
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects addition of users to the local Remote Desktop Users group via "Net" or "Add-LocalGroupMember".. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: User Added to Remote Desktop Users Group id: ffa28e60-bdb1-46e0-9f82-05f7a61cc06e related: - id: ad720b90-25ad-43ff-9b5e-5c841facc8e5 type: similar - id: 10fb649c-3600-4d37-b1e6-56ea90bb7e09 type: similar status: test description: Detects addition of users to the local Remote Desktop Users group via "Net" or "Add-LocalGroupMember". references: - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/11/16/evolving-trends-in-iranian-threat-actor-activity-mstic-presentation-at-cyberwarcon-2021/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-06 modified: 2022-09-09 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1133 - attack.t1136.001 - attack.t1021.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_main: - CommandLine|contains|all: - 'localgroup ' - ' /add' - CommandLine|contains|all: - 'Add-LocalGroupMember ' - ' -Group ' selection_group: CommandLine|contains: - Remote Desktop Users - Utilisateurs du Bureau à distance - Usuarios de escritorio remoto condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Administrative activity level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects uses of a renamed legitimate createdump.exe LOLOBIN utility to dump process memory. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed CreateDump Utility Execution id: 1a1ed54a-2ba4-4221-94d5-01dee560d71e related: - id: 515c8be5-e5df-4c5e-8f6d-a4a2f05e4b48 type: similar status: test description: Detects uses of a renamed legitimate createdump.exe LOLOBIN utility to dump process memory references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/overwatch-exposes-aquatic-panda-in-possession-of-log-4-shell-exploit-tools/ - https://twitter.com/bopin2020/status/1366400799199272960 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-20 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 - attack.t1003.001 - attack.credential-access logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_pe: OriginalFileName: FX_VER_INTERNALNAME_STR selection_cli: - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -u ' - ' -f ' - .dmp - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' --full ' - ' --name ' - .dmp filter: Image|endswith: \createdump.exe condition: 1 of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - Command lines that use the same flags level: high
Query: detect Detects python spawning a pretty tty in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects python spawning a pretty tty. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Python Spawning Pretty TTY on Windows id: 480e7e51-e797-47e3-8d72-ebfce65b6d8d related: - id: 899133d5-4d7c-4a7f-94ee-27355c879d90 type: derived status: test description: Detects python spawning a pretty tty references: - https://www.volexity.com/blog/2022/06/02/zero-day-exploitation-of-atlassian-confluence/ author: Nextron Systems date: 2022-06-03 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: - python.exe - python3.exe - python2.exe selection_cli_1: CommandLine|contains|all: - import pty - .spawn( selection_cli_2: CommandLine|contains: from pty import spawn condition: selection_img and 1 of selection_cli_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious execution of a Microsoft HTML Help (HH.exe). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious HH.EXE Execution id: e8a95b5e-c891-46e2-b33a-93937d3abc31 status: test description: Detects a suspicious execution of a Microsoft HTML Help (HH.exe) references: - https://www.trustwave.com/en-us/resources/blogs/spiderlabs-blog/chm-badness-delivers-a-banking-trojan/ - https://github.com/elastic/protections-artifacts/commit/746086721fd385d9f5c6647cada1788db4aea95f#diff-27939090904026cc396b0b629c8e4314acd6f5dac40a676edbc87f4567b47eb7 - https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/analytics/pt-esc-threat-intelligence/higaisa-or-winnti-apt-41-backdoors-old-and-new/ - https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/unintentional-leak-glimpse-attack-vectors-apt37 author: Maxim Pavlunin date: 2020-04-01 modified: 2023-04-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1047 - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1059.003 - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1059.007 - attack.t1218 - attack.t1218.001 - attack.t1218.010 - attack.t1218.011 - attack.t1566 - attack.t1566.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: HH.exe - Image|endswith: \hh.exe selection_paths: CommandLine|contains: - .application - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Content.Outlook\ - \Downloads\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Archive via Custom Method
Matching passage: T1560.003 Archive via Custom Method. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)
Near-miss passage: T1560.002 Archive via Library. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party libraries. Many libraries exist that can archive data, including [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006) rarfile (Citation: PyPI RAR), libzip (Citation: libzip), and zlib (Citation: Zlib Github). Most libraries include functionality to encrypt and/or compress data. Some archival libraries are preinstalled on systems, such as bzip2 on macOS and Linux, and zip on Windows. Note that the libraries are different from the utilities. The libraries can be linked against when compiling, while the utilities require spawning a subshell, or a similar execution mechanism.
Query: detect Internet Connection Discovery
Matching passage: T1016.001 Internet Connection Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites, or performing initial speed testing to confirm bandwidth. Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.
Near-miss passage: T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information. Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103). Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion ) On ESXi, adversaries may leverage esxcli to gather network configuration information. For example, the command `esxcli network nic list` will retrieve the MAC address, while `esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get` will retrieve the local IPv4 address.(Citation: Trellix Rnasomhouse 2024) Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-10129
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10129. CWE: CWE-697. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. A vulnerability was found in planet-freo up to 20150116 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file admin/inc/auth.inc.php. The manipulation of the argument auth leads to incorrect comparison. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The name of the patch is 6ad38c58a45642eb8c7844e2f272ef199f59550d. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252716.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9238. CWE: CWE-697. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. secure-compare 3.0.0 and below do not actually compare two strings properly. compare was actually comparing the first argument with itself, meaning the check passed for any two strings of the same length.
Query: hunt for Command and Scripting Interpreter activity
Matching passage: T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). There are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005). Adversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells, as well as utilize various [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) in order to achieve remote Execution.(Citation: Powershell Remote Commands)(Citation: Cisco IOS Software Integrity Assurance - Command History)(Citation: Remote Shell Execution in Python)
Near-miss passage: T1059.011 Lua. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Lua commands and scripts for execution. Lua is a cross-platform scripting and programming language primarily designed for embedded use in applications. Lua can be executed on the command-line (through the stand-alone lua interpreter), via scripts (<code>.lua</code>), or from Lua-embedded programs (through the <code>struct lua_State</code>).(Citation: Lua main page)(Citation: Lua state) Lua scripts may be executed by adversaries for malicious purposes. Adversaries may incorporate, abuse, or replace existing Lua interpreters to allow for malicious Lua command execution at runtime.(Citation: PoetRat Lua)(Citation: Lua Proofpoint Sunseed)(Citation: Cyphort EvilBunny)(Citation: Kaspersky Lua)
Query: hunt for Exfiltration Over Bluetooth activity
Matching passage: T1011.001 Exfiltration Over Bluetooth. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over Bluetooth rather than the command and control channel. If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, an adversary may opt to exfiltrate data using a Bluetooth communication channel. Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access and proximity. Bluetooth connections might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.
Near-miss passage: T1011 Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may attempt to exfiltrate data over a different network medium than the command and control channel. If the command and control network is a wired Internet connection, the exfiltration may occur, for example, over a WiFi connection, modem, cellular data connection, Bluetooth, or another radio frequency (RF) channel. Adversaries may choose to do this if they have sufficient access or proximity, and the connection might not be secured or defended as well as the primary Internet-connected channel because it is not routed through the same enterprise network.
Query: exploit SQL injection vulnerability in the BP_FIND_JOBS_WITH_PROGRAM function module in SAP NetWeaver J2EE Engine 7.40 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspeci
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7239. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the BP_FIND_JOBS_WITH_PROGRAM function module in SAP NetWeaver J2EE Engine 7.40 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1441. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Piwigo before 2.5.6, 2.6.x before 2.6.5, and 2.7.x before 2.7.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: threat report mentioning Develop Capabilities
Matching passage: T1587 Develop Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.
Near-miss passage: T1587.003 Digital Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA). Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.
Query: vulnerability: In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/S
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9124. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 800, SD 808, and SD 810, the device may crash while accessing an invalid pointer or expose otherwise inaccessible memory contents.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7516. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 7.5. ONOS before 1.5.0 when using the ifwd app allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and switch disconnect) by sending two Ethernet frames with ether_type Jumbo Frame (0x8870).
Query: detection rule: Detects TacticalRMM agent installations where the --api, --auth, and related flags are used on the command line. These p
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects TacticalRMM agent installations where the --api, --auth, and related flags are used on the command line. These p. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Remote Access Tool - TacticalRMM Agent Registration to Potentially Attacker-Controlled Server id: 2db93a3f-3249-4f73-9e68-0e77a0f8ae7e status: experimental description: 'Detects TacticalRMM agent installations where the --api, --auth, and related flags are used on the command line. These parameters configure the agent to connect to a specific RMM server with authentication, client ID, and site ID. This technique could indicate a threat actor attempting to register the agent with an attacker-controlled RMM infrastructure silently. ' references: - https://github.com/amidaware/tacticalrmm - https://apophis133.medium.com/powershell-script-tactical-rmm-installation-45afb639eff3 author: Ahmed Nosir (@egycondor) date: 2025-05-29 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219 - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|contains: \TacticalAgent\tacticalrmm.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - --api - --auth - --client-id - --site-id - --agent-type condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate system administrator deploying TacticalRMM level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes CronJob runs in Azure Cloud. Kubernetes Job is a controller that creates one or more. Logsource: azure / activitylogs. Rule: title: Azure Kubernetes CronJob id: 1c71e254-6655-42c1-b2d6-5e4718d7fc0a status: test description: 'Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes CronJob runs in Azure Cloud. Kubernetes Job is a controller that creates one or more pods and ensures that a specified number of them successfully terminate. Kubernetes Job can be used to run containers that perform finite tasks for batch jobs. Kubernetes CronJob is used to schedule Jobs. An Adversary may use Kubernetes CronJob for scheduling execution of malicious code that would run as a container in the cluster. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#microsoftkubernetes - https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/cron-jobs/ - https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/job/ - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/02/attack-matrix-kubernetes/ author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-11-22 modified: 2022-12-18 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1053.003 - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution logsource: product: azure service: activitylogs detection: selection: operationName|startswith: - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/BATCH - MICROSOFT.CONTAINERSERVICE/MANAGEDCLUSTERS/BATCH operationName|endswith: - /CRONJOBS/WRITE - /JOBS/WRITE condition: selection falsepositives: - Azure Kubernetes CronJob/Job may be done by a system administrator. - If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium