alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for Group Policy Preferences activity
Matching passage: T1552.006 Group Policy Preferences. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to find unsecured credentials in Group Policy Preferences (GPP). GPP are tools that allow administrators to create domain policies with embedded credentials. These policies allow administrators to set local accounts.(Citation: Microsoft GPP 2016) These group policies are stored in SYSVOL on a domain controller. This means that any domain user can view the SYSVOL share and decrypt the password (using the AES key that has been made public).(Citation: Microsoft GPP Key) The following tools and scripts can be used to gather and decrypt the password file from Group Policy Preference XML files: * Metasploit’s post exploitation module: <code>post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp</code> * Get-GPPPassword(Citation: Obscuresecurity Get-GPPPassword) * gpprefdecrypt.py On the SYSVOL share, adversaries may use the following command to enumerate potential GPP XML files: <code>dir /s * .xml</code>
Near-miss passage: T1552.004 Private Keys. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials. Private cryptographic keys and certificates are used for authentication, encryption/decryption, and digital signatures.(Citation: Wikipedia Public Key Crypto) Common key and certificate file extensions include: .key, .pgp, .gpg, .ppk., .p12, .pem, .pfx, .cer, .p7b, .asc. Adversaries may also look in common key directories, such as <code>~/.ssh</code> for SSH keys on * nix-based systems or <code>C:&#92;Users&#92;(username)&#92;.ssh&#92;</code> on Windows. Adversary tools may also search compromised systems for file extensions relating to cryptographic keys and certificates.(Citation: Kaspersky Careto)(Citation: Palo Alto Prince of Persia) When a device is registered to Entra ID, a device key and a transport key are generated and used to verify the device’s identity.(Citation: Microsoft Primary Refresh Token) An adversary with access to the device may be able to export the keys in order to impersonate the device.(Citation: AADInternals Azure AD Device Identities) On network devices, private keys may be exported via [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `crypto pki export`.(Citation: cisco_deploy_rsa_keys) Some private keys require a password or passphrase for operation, so an adversary may also use [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) for keylogging or attempt to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110) the passphrase off-line. These private keys can be used to authenticate to [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) like SSH or for use in decrypting other collected files such as email.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4389
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4389. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. The Open Graph Importer (og_tag_importer) 7.x-1.x for Drupal does not properly check the create permission for content types created during import, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended restrictions by leveraging the "import og_tag_importer" permission.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7063. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel loader in EFI in Apple OS X before 10.11.2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted pathname.
Query: risk of The TCL interpreter in Cisco IOS 15.2 does not properly maintain the vty state, which allows local users to gain privileges by starting a session very soon after a TCL script execu
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4185. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. The TCL interpreter in Cisco IOS 15.2 does not properly maintain the vty state, which allows local users to gain privileges by starting a session very soon after a TCL script execution, aka Bug ID CSCuq24202.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1155. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The history implementation in WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.6, 7.x before 7.1.6, and 8.x before 8.0.6, allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy and read arbitrary files via a crafted web site.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5726
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5726. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The BER decoder in Botan 0.10.x before 1.10.10 and 1.11.x before 1.11.19 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via an empty BIT STRING in ASN.1 data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0717. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Cisco Unified Communications Manager 10.0(1.10000.12) allows local users to gain privileges via a command string in an unspecified parameter, aka Bug ID CSCut19546.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects execution of "reg.exe" commands with the "add" or "copy" flags on safe boot registry keys. Often used by attacke
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "reg.exe" commands with the "add" or "copy" flags on safe boot registry keys. Often used by attacke. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Add SafeBoot Keys Via Reg Utility id: d7662ff6-9e97-4596-a61d-9839e32dee8d related: - id: fc0e89b5-adb0-43c1-b749-c12a10ec37de type: similar status: test description: Detects execution of "reg.exe" commands with the "add" or "copy" flags on safe boot registry keys. Often used by attacker to allow the ransomware to work in safe mode as some security products do not references: - https://redacted.com/blog/bianlian-ransomware-gang-gives-it-a-go/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-02 modified: 2024-03-19 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_safeboot: CommandLine|contains: \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot selection_flag: CommandLine|contains: - ' copy ' - ' add ' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_reg_add_safeboot/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of arbitrary DLLs or unsigned code via a ".csproj" files via Dotnet.EXE.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Arbitrary DLL or Csproj Code Execution Via Dotnet.EXE id: d80d5c81-04ba-45b4-84e4-92eba40e0ad3 status: test description: Detects execution of arbitrary DLLs or unsigned code via a ".csproj" files via Dotnet.EXE. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Dotnet/ - https://twitter.com/_felamos/status/1204705548668555264 - https://bohops.com/2019/08/19/dotnet-core-a-vector-for-awl-bypass-defense-evasion/ author: Beyu Denis, oscd.community date: 2020-10-18 modified: 2025-10-08 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \dotnet.exe - OriginalFileName: .NET Host selection_cli: CommandLine|endswith: - .csproj - .csproj" - .dll - .dll" - .csproj' - .dll' filter_optional_notepadplus_plus: ParentImage: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Notepad++\notepad++.exe - C:\Program Files\Notepad++\notepad++.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - C:\ProgramData\CSScriptNpp\ - '-cscs_path:' - \cs-script\cscs.dll condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrator usage level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-0349
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0349. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0351, CVE-2015-0358, and CVE-2015-3039.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0209. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in the d2i_ECPrivateKey function in crypto/ec/ec_asn1.c in OpenSSL before 0.9.8zf, 1.0.0 before 1.0.0r, 1.0.1 before 1.0.1m, and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2a might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a malformed Elliptic Curve (EC) private-key file that is improperly handled during import.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Application Object Library component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote authenticated us
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2618. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Application Object Library component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Input validation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0427. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.200000047683716. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox component in Oracle Virtualization VirtualBox prior to 4.3.20 allows local users to affect integrity and availability via vectors related to VMSVGA virtual graphics device, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-6588, CVE-2014-6589, CVE-2014-6590, and CVE-2014-6595.
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Steganography
Matching passage: T1001.002 Steganography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult. Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital messages that are transferred between systems. This hidden information can be used for command and control of compromised systems. In some cases, the passing of files embedded using steganography, such as image or document files, can be used for command and control.
Near-miss passage: T1001.003 Protocol or Service Impersonation. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may impersonate legitimate protocols or web service traffic to disguise command and control activity and thwart analysis efforts. By impersonating legitimate protocols or web services, adversaries can make their command and control traffic blend in with legitimate network traffic. Adversaries may impersonate a fake SSL/TLS handshake to make it look like subsequent traffic is SSL/TLS encrypted, potentially interfering with some security tooling, or to make the traffic look like it is related with a trusted entity. Adversaries may also leverage legitimate protocols to impersonate expected web traffic or trusted services. For example, adversaries may manipulate HTTP headers, URI endpoints, SSL certificates, and transmitted data to disguise C2 communications or mimic legitimate services such as Gmail, Google Drive, and Yahoo Messenger.(Citation: ESET Okrum July 2019)(Citation: Malleable-C2-U42)
Query: exploit Race condition in Lenovo System Update (formerly ThinkVantage System Update) before 5.06.0034 uses world-writable permissions for the update files directory, which allows local use
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2234. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Race condition in Lenovo System Update (formerly ThinkVantage System Update) before 5.06.0034 uses world-writable permissions for the update files directory, which allows local users to gain privileges by writing to an update file after the signature is validated.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3081. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Race condition in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 allows attackers to bypass the Internet Explorer Protected Mode protection mechanism via unspecified vectors.
Query: CWE for Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Matching passage: CWE-444 Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'). The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1023 Incomplete Comparison with Missing Factors. The product performs a comparison between entities that must consider multiple factors or characteristics of each entity, but the comparison does not include one or more of these factors.
Query: exploit Heap-based buffer overflow in the nestegg_track_codec_data function in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary cod
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4511. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in the nestegg_track_codec_data function in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted header in a WebM video.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7086. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.599999904632568. Apple QuickTime before 7.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted movie file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7085, CVE-2015-7087, CVE-2015-7088, CVE-2015-7089, CVE-2015-7090, CVE-2015-7091, CVE-2015-7092, and CVE-2015-7117.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2378
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2378. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Untrusted search path vulnerability in Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Excel 2010 SP2, Excel Viewer 2007 SP3, and Office Compatibility Pack SP3 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in the current working directory, aka "Microsoft Excel DLL Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. The AuthenticationFilter class in SolarWinds Storage Manager allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary scripts via unspecified vectors.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Botnet
Matching passage: T1584.005 Botnet. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).
Near-miss passage: T1584.006 Web Services. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, SendGrid, etc. Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations. Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)), [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567), or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. Additionally, leveraging compromised web-based email services may allow adversaries to leverage the trust associated with legitimate domains.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0741
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0741. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Cisco Prime Central for Hosted Collaboration Solution (PC4HCS) 10.6(1) and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users, aka Bug ID CSCut04596.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2143. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Issuetracker phpBugTracker before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that cause an unspecified impact via unknown parameters.
Query: exploit Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in GetSimple CMS before 3.3.6 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) post-content or (2) post
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5355. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in GetSimple CMS before 3.3.6 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) post-content or (2) post-title parameter to admin/edit.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6929. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Nokia Networks (formerly Nokia Solutions and Networks and Nokia Siemens Networks) @vantage Commander allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) idFilter or (2) nameFilter parameter to cftraces/filter/fl_copy.jsp; the (3) flName parameter to cftraces/filter/fl_crea1.jsp; the (4) serchStatus, (5) refreshTime, or (6) serchNode parameter to cftraces/process/pr_show_process.jsp; the (7) MaxActivationTime, (8) NumberOfBytes, (9) NumberOfTracefiles, (10) SessionName, or (11) serchSessionkind parameter to cftraces/session/se_crea.jsp; the (12) serchSessionDescription parameter to cftraces/session/se_show.jsp; the (13) serchApplication or (14) serchApplicationkind parameter to cftraces/session/tr_crea_filter.jsp; the (15) columKeyUnique, (16) columParameter, (17) componentName, (18) criteria1, (19) criteria2, (20) criteria3, (21) description, (22) filter, (23) id, (24) pathName, (25) tableName, or (26) component parameter to cftraces/session/tr_create_tagg_para.jsp; or the (27) userid parameter to home/certificate_association.jsp.
Query: detection rule: Detects command lines that indicate unwanted modifications to registry keys that disable important Internet Explorer sec
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects command lines that indicate unwanted modifications to registry keys that disable important Internet Explorer sec. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Disabled IE Security Features id: fb50eb7a-5ab1-43ae-bcc9-091818cb8424 status: test description: Detects command lines that indicate unwanted modifications to registry keys that disable important Internet Explorer security features references: - https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/operation-ke3chang-resurfaces-with-new-tidepool-malware/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-06-19 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -name IEHarden ' - ' -value 0 ' selection2: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -name DEPOff ' - ' -value 1 ' selection3: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -name DisableFirstRunCustomize ' - ' -value 2 ' condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of the "Zone.Identifier" ADS by an uncommon process. Attackers can leverage this in order to bypass. Logsource: windows / file_delete. Rule: title: ADS Zone.Identifier Deleted By Uncommon Application id: 3109530e-ab47-4cc6-a953-cac5ebcc93ae related: - id: 7eac0a16-5832-4e81-865f-0268a6d19e4b type: similar status: test description: Detects the deletion of the "Zone.Identifier" ADS by an uncommon process. Attackers can leverage this in order to bypass security restrictions that make use of the ADS such as Microsoft Office apps. references: - https://securityliterate.com/how-malware-abuses-the-zone-identifier-to-circumvent-detection-and-analysis/ - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-09-04 modified: 2025-07-04 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.004 logsource: product: windows category: file_delete detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: :Zone.Identifier filter_main_generic: Image: - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7-preview\pwsh.exe - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe - C:\Windows\explorer.exe - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\explorer.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe filter_optional_browsers_chrome: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe - C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe filter_optional_browsers_firefox: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe - C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe filter_optional_browsers_msedge: Image: - C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe - C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Other third party applications not listed. level: medium
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / system
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the invocation of TabTip via CLSID as seen when JuicyPotatoNG is used on a system in brute force mode. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Local Privilege Escalation Indicator TabTip id: bc2e25ed-b92b-4daa-b074-b502bdd1982b status: test description: Detects the invocation of TabTip via CLSID as seen when JuicyPotatoNG is used on a system in brute force mode references: - https://github.com/antonioCoco/JuicyPotatoNG author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-07 modified: 2023-04-14 tags: - attack.collection - attack.execution - attack.credential-access - attack.t1557.001 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-DistributedCOM EventID: 10001 param1: C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ink\TabTip.exe param2: 2147943140 param3: '{054AAE20-4BEA-4347-8A35-64A533254A9D}' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell script execution via input stream redirect. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Run PowerShell Script from Redirected Input Stream id: c83bf4b5-cdf0-437c-90fa-43d734f7c476 status: test description: Detects PowerShell script execution via input stream redirect references: - https://github.com/LOLBAS-Project/LOLBAS/blob/4db780e0f0b2e2bb8cb1fa13e09196da9b9f1834/yml/LOLUtilz/OSBinaries/Powershell.yml - https://twitter.com/Moriarty_Meng/status/984380793383370752 author: Moriarty Meng (idea), Anton Kutepov (rule), oscd.community date: 2020-10-17 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe CommandLine|re: \s-\s*< condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit Off-by-one error in the lzxd_decompress function in lzxd.c in libmspack before 0.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer under-read and application crash) vi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4471. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Off-by-one error in the lzxd_decompress function in lzxd.c in libmspack before 0.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer under-read and application crash) via a crafted CAB archive.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1794. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 5.0. The ssl3_get_key_exchange function in ssl/s3_clnt.c in OpenSSL 1.0.2 before 1.0.2e allows remote servers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) via a zero p value in an anonymous Diffie-Hellman (DH) ServerKeyExchange message.