alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: EDR alert: possible Cloud Account (T1087.004)
Matching passage: T1087.004 Cloud Account. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of cloud accounts. Cloud accounts are those created and configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration of resources within a cloud service provider or SaaS application. With authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find accounts. The <code>Get-MsolRoleMember</code> PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain account names given a role or permissions group in Office 365.(Citation: Microsoft msolrolemember)(Citation: GitHub Raindance) The Azure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain user accounts with authenticated access to a domain. The command <code>az ad user list</code> will list all users within a domain.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018) The AWS command <code>aws iam list-users</code> may be used to obtain a list of users in the current account while <code>aws iam list-roles</code> can obtain IAM roles that have a specified path prefix.(Citation: AWS List Roles)(Citation: AWS List Users) In GCP, <code>gcloud iam service-accounts list</code> and <code>gcloud projects get-iam-policy</code> may be used to obtain a listing of service accounts and users in a project.(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API)
Near-miss passage: T1087 Account Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of valid accounts, usernames, or email addresses on a system or within a compromised environment. This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist, which can aid in follow-on behavior such as brute-forcing, spear-phishing attacks, or account takeovers (e.g., [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)). Adversaries may use several methods to enumerate accounts, including abuse of existing tools, built-in commands, and potential misconfigurations that leak account names and roles or permissions in the targeted environment. For examples, cloud environments typically provide easily accessible interfaces to obtain user lists.(Citation: AWS List Users)(Citation: Google Cloud - IAM Servie Accounts List API) On hosts, adversaries can use default [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and other command line functionality to identify accounts. Information about email addresses and accounts may also be extracted by searching an infected system’s files.
Query: exploit Remote file upload vulnerability in wordpress plugin csv2wpec-coupon v1.1
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1000013. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Remote file upload vulnerability in wordpress plugin csv2wpec-coupon v1.1
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9263. CWE: CWE-434. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. An issue was discovered in post2file.php in Up.Time Monitoring Station 7.5.0 (build 16) and 7.4.0 (build 13). It allows an attacker to upload an arbitrary file, such as a .php file that can execute arbitrary OS commands.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8980
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8980. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The plural form formula in ngettext family of calls in php-gettext before 1.0.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2140. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.5. HP Systems Insight Manager (SIM) before 7.5.0, as used in HP Matrix Operating Environment before 7.5.0 and other products, allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information or modify data via unspecified vectors.
Query: detect Detects when a user enables DNS-over-HTTPS. This can be used to hide internet activity or be used to hide the process of in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a user enables DNS-over-HTTPS. This can be used to hide internet activity or be used to hide the process of. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: DNS-over-HTTPS Enabled by Registry id: 04b45a8a-d11d-49e4-9acc-4a1b524407a5 status: test description: 'Detects when a user enables DNS-over-HTTPS. This can be used to hide internet activity or be used to hide the process of exfiltrating data. With this enabled organization will lose visibility into data such as query type, response and originating IP that are used to determine bad actors. ' references: - https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/151318-how-enable-disable-dns-over-https-doh-microsoft-edge.html - https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/issues/1371 - https://chromeenterprise.google/policies/?policy=DnsOverHttpsMode - https://admx.help/HKLM/Software/Policies/Mozilla/Firefox/DNSOverHTTPS author: Austin Songer date: 2021-07-22 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1140 - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection_edge: TargetObject|endswith: \SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Edge\BuiltInDnsClientEnabled Details: DWORD (0x00000001) selection_chrome: TargetObject|endswith: \SOFTWARE\Google\Chrome\DnsOverHttpsMode Details: secure selection_firefox: TargetObject|endswith: \SOFTWARE\Policies\Mozilla\Firefox\DNSOverHTTPS\Enabled Details: DWORD (0x00000001) condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects malicious behavior where the MMC utility (`mmc.exe`) executes files with reversed extensions caused by Right-to-. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: MMC Executing Files with Reversed Extensions Using RTLO Abuse id: 9cfe4b27-1e56-48b4-b7a8-d46851c91a44 status: experimental description: Detects malicious behavior where the MMC utility (`mmc.exe`) executes files with reversed extensions caused by Right-to-Left Override (RLO) abuse, disguising them as document formats. references: - https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/ch02.pdf - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-to-left_override - https://tria.ge/241015-l98snsyeje/behavioral2 author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-02-05 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1204.002 - attack.t1218.014 - attack.t1036.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_image: - Image|endswith: \mmc.exe - OriginalFileName: MMC.exe selection_commandline: CommandLine|contains: - cod.msc - fdp.msc - ftr.msc - lmth.msc - slx.msc - tdo.msc - xcod.msc - xslx.msc - xtpp.msc condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative actions using MMC to execute misnamed `.msc` files. - Unconventional but non-malicious usage of RLO or reversed extensions. level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7792
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7792. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Corega CG-WLBARGS devices allow remote attackers to perform administrative operations via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2814. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. SAP EMR Unwired (com.sap.mobile.healthcare.emr.v2) and Clinical Task Tracker (com.sap.mobile.healthcare.ctt) does not properly restrict access, which allows remote attackers to change the backendurl, clientid, ssourl, and infopageurl settings via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2117079.
Query: what is T1574
Matching passage: T1574 Hijack Execution Flow. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the way operating systems run programs. Hijacking execution flow can be for the purposes of persistence, since this hijacked execution may reoccur over time. Adversaries may also use these mechanisms to elevate privileges or evade defenses, such as application control or other restrictions on execution. There are many ways an adversary may hijack the flow of execution, including by manipulating how the operating system locates programs to be executed. How the operating system locates libraries to be used by a program can also be intercepted. Locations where the operating system looks for programs/resources, such as file directories and in the case of Windows the Registry, could also be poisoned to include malicious payloads.
Near-miss passage: T1574.009 Path Interception by Unquoted Path. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch. Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\unsafe path with space\program.exe</code> vs. <code>"C:\safe path with space\program.exe"</code>). (Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys) An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\program files\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. (Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide) This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.
Query: rule covering Uses PowerShell to install/copy a file into a system directory such as "System32" or "SysWOW64"
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Uses PowerShell to install/copy a file into a system directory such as "System32" or "SysWOW64". Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Install a DLL in System Directory id: 63bf8794-9917-45bc-88dd-e1b5abc0ecfd status: test description: Uses PowerShell to install/copy a file into a system directory such as "System32" or "SysWOW64" references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1556.002/T1556.002.md#atomic-test-1---install-and-register-password-filter-dll author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-27 modified: 2024-01-22 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556.002 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|re: (Copy-Item|cpi) .{2,128} -Destination .{1,32}\\Windows\\(System32|SysWOW64) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of the MSXSL utility. This can be used to execute Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files. Thes. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Msxsl.EXE Execution id: 9e50a8b3-dd05-4eb8-9153-bdb6b79d50b0 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of the MSXSL utility. This can be used to execute Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files. These files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. Adversaries can abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application whitelisting defenses. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1220/T1220.md - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/OtherMSBinaries/Msxsl/ author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2019-10-21 modified: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1220 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \msxsl.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Msxsl is not installed by default and is deprecated, so unlikely on most systems. level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1132
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1132. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 10.0. fontd in Apple Type Services (ATS) in Apple OS X before 10.10.3 allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1131, CVE-2015-1133, CVE-2015-1134, and CVE-2015-1135.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8722. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. epan/dissectors/packet-sctp.c in the SCTP dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.9 and 2.0.x before 2.0.1 does not validate the frame pointer, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and application crash) via a crafted packet.
Query: exploit Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous befo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4452. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4435, CVE-2015-4438, CVE-2015-4441, CVE-2015-4445, CVE-2015-4447, CVE-2015-4451, CVE-2015-5085, and CVE-2015-5086.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0419. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1 and 8.2.2 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Portal Framework, a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-1510.
Query: detection rule: Detects PowerShell scripts that make use of the "Compress-Archive" Cmdlet in order to compress folders and files where t
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell scripts that make use of the "Compress-Archive" Cmdlet in order to compress folders and files where t. Logsource: windows / powershell-classic. Rule: title: Zip A Folder With PowerShell For Staging In Temp - PowerShell id: 71ff406e-b633-4989-96ec-bc49d825a412 related: - id: daf7eb81-35fd-410d-9d7a-657837e602bb type: similar - id: b7a3c9a3-09ea-4934-8864-6a32cacd98d9 type: similar - id: 85a8e5ba-bd03-4bfb-bbfa-a4409a8f8b98 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects PowerShell scripts that make use of the "Compress-Archive" Cmdlet in order to compress folders and files where the output is stored in a potentially suspicious location that is used often by malware for exfiltration. An adversary might compress data (e.g., sensitive documents) that is collected prior to exfiltration in order to make it portable and minimize the amount of data sent over the network. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1074.001/T1074.001.md - https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa23-347a author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2021-07-20 modified: 2023-12-18 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1074.001 logsource: product: windows service: powershell-classic detection: selection: Data|contains: - Compress-Archive -Path*-DestinationPath $env:TEMP - Compress-Archive -Path*-DestinationPath*\AppData\Local\Temp\ - Compress-Archive -Path*-DestinationPath*:\Windows\Temp\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the addition of a new "Allow" firewall rule by the WMI process (WmiPrvSE.EXE). This can occur if an attacker lev. Logsource: windows / firewall-as. Rule: title: New Firewall Rule Added In Windows Firewall Exception List Via WmiPrvSE.EXE id: eca81e8d-09e1-4d04-8614-c91f44fd0519 status: test description: 'Detects the addition of a new "Allow" firewall rule by the WMI process (WmiPrvSE.EXE). This can occur if an attacker leverages PowerShell cmdlets such as "New-NetFirewallRule", or directly uses WMI CIM classes such as "MSFT_NetFirewallRule". ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/atomics/T1562.004/T1562.004.md#atomic-test-24---set-a-firewall-rule-using-new-netfirewallrule - https://malware.news/t/the-rhysida-ransomware-activity-analysis-and-ties-to-vice-society/72170 - https://cybersecuritynews.com/rhysida-ransomware-attacking-windows/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2024-05-10 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: product: windows service: firewall-as detection: selection: EventID: - 2004 - 2071 - 2097 Action: 3 ModifyingApplication|endswith: :\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrator scripts or activity. level: medium
Query: vulnerability: The Netlogon service in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 does not properly implement domain-con
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2374. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. The Netlogon service in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 does not properly implement domain-controller communication, which allows remote attackers to discover credentials by leveraging certain PDC access and spoofing the BDC role in a PDC communication channel, aka "Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability in Netlogon."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7399. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. IBM WebSphere Message Broker 7 before 7.0.0.8 and 8 before 8.0.0.6 and IBM Integration Bus 9 before 9.0.0.3 and 10 before 10.0.0.0 allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information about the HTTP server via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7806
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7806. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Eval injection vulnerability in the fm_saveHelperGatherItems function in ajax.php in the Form Manager plugin before 1.7.3 for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6024. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. ping.cgi in NetCommWireless HSPA 3G10WVE wireless routers with firmware before 3G10WVE-L101-S306ETS-C01_R05 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the DIA_IPADDRESS parameter.
Query: explain CWE-601
Matching passage: CWE-601 URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect'). The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
Near-miss passage: CWE-241 Improper Handling of Unexpected Data Type. The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when a particular element is not the expected type, e.g. it expects a digit (0-9) but is provided with a letter (A-Z).
Query: mitigate Malicious File
Matching passage: T1204.002 Malicious File. Tactics: execution. Description: An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution. Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution. This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001). Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, .cpl, .reg, and .iso.(Citation: Mandiant Trojanized Windows 10) Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file. These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs) While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).
Near-miss passage: T1204.003 Malicious Image. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored. Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs) Adversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).(Citation: Aqua Security Cloud Native Threat Report June 2021)
Query: risk of Untrusted search path vulnerability in Schneider Electric Wonderware System Platform before 2014 R2 Patch 01 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unsp
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3940. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Untrusted search path vulnerability in Schneider Electric Wonderware System Platform before 2014 R2 Patch 01 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7603. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Directory traversal vulnerability in Konica Minolta FTP Utility 1.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..\ (dot dot backslash) in a RETR command.
Query: detection rule: Detects SSTI attempts sent via GET requests in access logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects SSTI attempts sent via GET requests in access logs. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Server Side Template Injection Strings id: ada3bc4f-f0fd-42b9-ba91-e105e8af7342 status: test description: Detects SSTI attempts sent via GET requests in access logs references: - https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-web/ssti-server-side-template-injection - https://github.com/payloadbox/ssti-payloads author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1221 logsource: category: webserver detection: select_method: cs-method: GET keywords: - ={{ - =%7B%7B - =${ - =$%7B - =<%= - =%3C%25= - =@( - freemarker.template.utility.Execute - .getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager') - T(org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils) filter: sc-status: 404 condition: select_method and keywords and not filter falsepositives: - User searches in search boxes of the respective website - Internal vulnerability scanners can cause some serious FPs when used, if you experience a lot of FPs due to this think of adding more filters such as "User Agent" strings and more response codes level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential abuse of ntdsutil to dump ntds.dit database. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: Ntdsutil Abuse id: e6e88853-5f20-4c4a-8d26-cd469fd8d31f status: test description: Detects potential abuse of ntdsutil to dump ntds.dit database references: - https://twitter.com/mgreen27/status/1558223256704122882 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/jj574207(v=ws.11) author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-14 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.003 logsource: product: windows service: application detection: selection: Provider_Name: ESENT EventID: - 216 - 325 - 326 - 327 Data|contains: ntds.dit condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate backup operation/creating shadow copies level: medium