alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5753
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5753. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. QuickTime 7 in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3765, CVE-2015-3779, CVE-2015-3788, CVE-2015-3789, CVE-2015-3790, CVE-2015-3791, CVE-2015-3792, CVE-2015-5751, and CVE-2015-5779.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5547. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5545, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, CVE-2015-5552, and CVE-2015-5553.
Query: explain CWE-1108
Matching passage: CWE-1108 Excessive Reliance on Global Variables. The code is structured in a way that relies too much on using or setting global variables throughout various points in the code, instead of preserving the associated information in a narrower, more local context.
Near-miss passage: CWE-297 Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch. The product communicates with a host that provides a certificate, but the product does not properly ensure that the certificate is actually associated with that host.
Query: write Sigma for Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud.. Logsource: gcp / gcp.audit. Rule: title: Google Cloud VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted id: 99980a85-3a61-43d3-ac0f-b68d6b4797b1 status: test description: Identifies when a VPN Tunnel Modified or Deleted in Google Cloud. references: - https://any-api.com/googleapis_com/compute/docs/vpnTunnels author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-16 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact logsource: product: gcp service: gcp.audit detection: selection: gcp.audit.method_name: - compute.vpnTunnels.insert - compute.vpnTunnels.delete condition: selection falsepositives: - VPN Tunnel being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - VPN Tunnel modified or deleted from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects network connections from the Equation Editor process "eqnedt32.exe".. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Network Connection Initiated By Eqnedt32.EXE id: a66bc059-c370-472c-a0d7-f8fd1bf9d583 status: test description: Detects network connections from the Equation Editor process "eqnedt32.exe". references: - https://twitter.com/forensicitguy/status/1513538712986079238 - https://forensicitguy.github.io/xloader-formbook-velvetsweatshop-spreadsheet/ - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2019/07/18/a-new-equation-editor-exploit-goes-commercial-as-maldoc-attacks-using-it-spike/ author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-04-14 modified: 2024-05-31 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1203 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \eqnedt32.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: alert when Detects Obfuscated Powershell via Stdin in Scripts
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via Stdin in Scripts. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation Via Stdin - Powershell id: 86b896ba-ffa1-4fea-83e3-ee28a4c915c7 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via Stdin in Scripts references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-12 modified: 2024-04-05 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_4104: ScriptBlockText|re: (?i)(set).*&&\s?set.*(environment|invoke|\$\{?input).*&&.*" condition: selection_4104 falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still pres. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Finger.EXE Execution id: af491bca-e752-4b44-9c86-df5680533dbc related: - id: c082c2b0-525b-4dbc-9a26-a57dc4692074 type: similar - id: 2fdaf50b-9fd5-449f-ba69-f17248119af6 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still present on modern Windows installation. It Displays information about users on a specified remote computer (typically a UNIX computer) that is running the finger service or daemon. Due to the old nature of this utility and the rareness of machines having the finger service. Any execution of "finger.exe" can be considered "suspicious" and worth investigating. ' references: - https://twitter.com/bigmacjpg/status/1349727699863011328?s=12 - https://app.any.run/tasks/40115012-a919-4208-bfed-41e82cb3dadf/ - http://hyp3rlinx.altervista.org/advisories/Windows_TCPIP_Finger_Command_C2_Channel_and_Bypassing_Security_Software.txt author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), omkar72, oscd.community date: 2021-02-24 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: finger.exe - Image|endswith: \finger.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Admin activity (unclear what they do nowadays with finger.exe) level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_finger_execution/info.yml
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Network Share Connection Removal
Matching passage: T1070.005 Network Share Connection Removal. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed. [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the <code>net use \\system\share /delete</code> command. (Citation: Technet Net Use)
Near-miss passage: T1070.008 Clear Mailbox Data. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may modify mail and mail application data to remove evidence of their activity. Email applications allow users and other programs to export and delete mailbox data via command line tools or use of APIs. Mail application data can be emails, email metadata, or logs generated by the application or operating system, such as export requests. Adversaries may manipulate emails and mailbox data to remove logs, artifacts, and metadata, such as evidence of [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)/[Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534), [Email Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114), [Mail Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/003) for command and control, or email-based exfiltration such as [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). For example, to remove evidence on Exchange servers adversaries have used the <code>ExchangePowerShell</code> [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) module, including <code>Remove-MailboxExportRequest</code> to remove evidence of mailbox exports.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: ExchangePowerShell Module) On Linux and macOS, adversaries may also delete emails through a command line utility called <code>mail</code> or use [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) to interact with APIs on macOS.(Citation: Cybereason Cobalt Kitty 2017)(Citation: mailx man page) Adversaries may also remove emails and metadata/headers indicative of spam or suspicious activity (for example, through the use of organization-wide transport rules) to reduce the likelihood of malicious emails being detected by security products.(Citation: Microsoft OAuth Spam 2022)
Query: alert when Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still pres
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still pres. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Finger.EXE Execution id: af491bca-e752-4b44-9c86-df5680533dbc related: - id: c082c2b0-525b-4dbc-9a26-a57dc4692074 type: similar - id: 2fdaf50b-9fd5-449f-ba69-f17248119af6 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still present on modern Windows installation. It Displays information about users on a specified remote computer (typically a UNIX computer) that is running the finger service or daemon. Due to the old nature of this utility and the rareness of machines having the finger service. Any execution of "finger.exe" can be considered "suspicious" and worth investigating. ' references: - https://twitter.com/bigmacjpg/status/1349727699863011328?s=12 - https://app.any.run/tasks/40115012-a919-4208-bfed-41e82cb3dadf/ - http://hyp3rlinx.altervista.org/advisories/Windows_TCPIP_Finger_Command_C2_Channel_and_Bypassing_Security_Software.txt author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), omkar72, oscd.community date: 2021-02-24 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: finger.exe - Image|endswith: \finger.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Admin activity (unclear what they do nowadays with finger.exe) level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_finger_execution/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the built-in script located in "C:\Windows\System32\gatherNetworkInfo.vbs". Which can be used to ga. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Reconnaissance Activity Via GatherNetworkInfo.VBS id: 575dce0c-8139-4e30-9295-1ee75969f7fe related: - id: f92a6f1e-a512-4a15-9735-da09e78d7273 type: similar - id: 07aa184a-870d-413d-893a-157f317f6f58 type: similar status: test description: Detects execution of the built-in script located in "C:\Windows\System32\gatherNetworkInfo.vbs". Which can be used to gather information about the target machine references: - https://posts.slayerlabs.com/living-off-the-land/#gathernetworkinfovbs - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/trojanized-windows-installers-ukrainian-government author: blueteamer8699 date: 2022-01-03 modified: 2023-02-08 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.execution - attack.t1615 - attack.t1059.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \cscript.exe - \wscript.exe - OriginalFileName: - cscript.exe - wscript.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: gatherNetworkInfo.vbs condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Administrative activity level: medium
Query: write Sigma for Detects execution of "rundll32" with potential obfuscated ordinal calls
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "rundll32" with potential obfuscated ordinal calls. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Obfuscated Ordinal Call Via Rundll32 id: 43fa5350-db63-4b8f-9a01-789a427074e1 status: test description: Detects execution of "rundll32" with potential obfuscated ordinal calls references: - Internal Research - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52tAmVLg1KM&t=2070s author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-17 modified: 2025-02-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.010 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe - OriginalFileName: RUNDLL32.EXE - CommandLine|contains: rundll32 selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - '#+' - '#-' - '#0' - '#655' - '#656' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of the hacktool Rubeus using specific command line flags. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: HackTool - Rubeus Execution - ScriptBlock id: 3245cd30-e015-40ff-a31d-5cadd5f377ec related: - id: 7ec2c172-dceb-4c10-92c9-87c1881b7e18 type: similar status: test description: Detects the execution of the hacktool Rubeus using specific command line flags references: - https://blog.harmj0y.net/redteaming/from-kekeo-to-rubeus - https://m0chan.github.io/2019/07/31/How-To-Attack-Kerberos-101.html - https://github.com/GhostPack/Rubeus author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 - attack.t1558.003 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1550.003 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - 'asreproast ' - 'dump /service:krbtgt ' - dump /luid:0x - 'kerberoast ' - 'createnetonly /program:' - 'ptt /ticket:' - '/impersonateuser:' - 'renew /ticket:' - 'asktgt /user:' - 'harvest /interval:' - 's4u /user:' - 's4u /ticket:' - 'hash /password:' - 'golden /aes256:' - 'silver /user:' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: vulnerability: SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer (VEV) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Filmbox document, which triggers memory corruption.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8029. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer (VEV) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Filmbox document, which triggers memory corruption.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3317. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. CA Common Services, as used in CA Client Automation r12.5 SP01, r12.8, and r12.9; CA Network and Systems Management r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA NSM Job Management Option r11.0, r11.1, and r11.2; CA Universal Job Management Agent; CA Virtual Assurance for Infrastructure Managers (aka SystemEDGE) 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, and 12.9; and CA Workload Automation AE r11, r11.3, r11.3.5, and r11.3.6 on UNIX, does not properly perform bounds checking, which allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors.
Query: common weakness: Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name
Matching passage: CWE-289 Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name. The product performs authentication based on the name of a resource being accessed, or the name of the actor performing the access, but it does not properly check all possible names for that resource or actor.
Near-miss passage: CWE-166 Improper Handling of Missing Special Element. The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not handle or incorrectly handles when an expected special element is missing.
Query: campaign using File Transfer Protocols
Matching passage: T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Protocols such as SMB(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A), FTP(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019), FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments. Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Data could also be concealed within the transferred files. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1071 Application Layer Protocol. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. Adversaries may utilize many different protocols, including those used for web browsing, transferring files, electronic mail, DNS, or publishing/subscribing. For connections that occur internally within an enclave (such as those between a proxy or pivot node and other nodes), commonly used protocols are SMB, SSH, or RDP.(Citation: Mandiant APT29 Eye Spy Email Nov 22)
Query: risk of Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Issuetracker phpBugTracker before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified paramet
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2145. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Issuetracker phpBugTracker before 1.7.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified parameters.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4706. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IPython 3.x before 3.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors involving JSON error messages and the /api/contents path.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8852
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8852. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Varnish 3.x before 3.0.7, when used in certain stacked installations, allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via a header line terminated by a \r (carriage return) character in conjunction with multiple Content-Length headers in an HTTP request.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2767. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Websense TRITON AP-EMAIL before 8.0.0 has unknown impact and attack vectors, related to "Autocomplete Enabled."
Query: vulnerability: The page serializer in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 mishandles Mark of the Web (MOTW) comments for URLs containing a "--" sequence, which might allow remote attackers to injec
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6784. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The page serializer in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.73 mishandles Mark of the Web (MOTW) comments for URLs containing a "--" sequence, which might allow remote attackers to inject HTML via a crafted URL, as demonstrated by an initial http://example.com?-- substring.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7699. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.0. The files_external app in ownCloud Server before 7.0.9, 8.0.x before 8.0.7, and 8.1.x before 8.1.2 allows remote authenticated users to instantiate arbitrary classes and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted mount point option, related to "objectstore."
Query: risk of It was found that the Apache ActiveMQ client before 5.14.5 exposed a remote shutdown command in the ActiveMQConnection class. An attacker logged into a compromised broker could use
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7559. CWE: CWE-306. CVSS: 2.700000047683716. It was found that the Apache ActiveMQ client before 5.14.5 exposed a remote shutdown command in the ActiveMQConnection class. An attacker logged into a compromised broker could use this flaw to achieve denial of service on a connected client.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9030. CWE: CWE-306. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, the Hypervisor API could be misused to bypass authentication.
Query: alert when Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitra
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitra. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Visual Studio NodejsTools PressAnyKey Renamed Execution id: 65c3ca2c-525f-4ced-968e-246a713d164f related: - id: a20391f8-76fb-437b-abc0-dba2df1952c6 type: similar status: test description: Detects renamed execution of "Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe", which can be abused as a LOLBIN to execute arbitrary binaries references: - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1463526834918854661 - https://gist.github.com/nasbench/a989ce64cefa8081bd50cf6ad8c491b5 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-11 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe filter_main_legit_name: Image|endswith: \Microsoft.NodejsTools.PressAnyKey.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of files with suspicious file extensions in the temporary directory that Outlook uses when opening. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Suspicious File Created in Outlook Temporary Directory id: fabb0e80-030c-4e3e-a104-d09676991ac3 related: - id: f748c45a-f8d3-4e6f-b617-fe176f695b8f type: obsolete status: experimental description: 'Detects the creation of files with suspicious file extensions in the temporary directory that Outlook uses when opening attachments. This can be used to detect spear-phishing campaigns that use suspicious files as attachments, which may contain malicious code. ' references: - https://vipre.com/blog/svg-phishing-attacks-the-new-trick-in-the-cybercriminals-playbook/ - https://thecyberexpress.com/rogue-rdp-files-used-in-ukraine-cyberattacks/ - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2024/10/29/midnight-blizzard-conducts-large-scale-spear-phishing-campaign-using-rdp-files/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-07-22 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection_extension: TargetFilename|endswith: - .cpl - .hta - .iso - .rdp - .svg - .vba - .vbe - .vbs selection_location: - TargetFilename|contains: - \AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.Outlook_ - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\Olk\Attachments\ - TargetFilename|contains|all: - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\ - \Content.Outlook\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Opening of headers or footers in email signatures that include SVG images or legitimate SVG attachments level: high