alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: rule covering Detect the usage of "DirLister.exe" a utility for quickly listing folder or drive contents. It was seen used by BlackCat
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect the usage of "DirLister.exe" a utility for quickly listing folder or drive contents. It was seen used by BlackCat. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: DirLister Execution id: b4dc61f5-6cce-468e-a608-b48b469feaa2 status: test description: Detect the usage of "DirLister.exe" a utility for quickly listing folder or drive contents. It was seen used by BlackCat ransomware to create a list of accessible directories and files. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/40b77d63808dd4f4eafb83949805636735a1fd15/atomics/T1083/T1083.md - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2022/07/14/blackcat-ransomware-attacks-not-merely-a-byproduct-of-bad-luck/ author: frack113 date: 2022-08-20 modified: 2023-02-04 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1083 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: DirLister.exe - Image|endswith: \DirLister.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use by users level: low regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_dirlister_execution/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Launch DirLister Executable technique: T1083 atomic_guid: c5bec457-43c9-4a18-9a24-fe151d8971b7
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects RAR usage that creates an archive from a suspicious folder, either a system folder or one of the folders often u. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Greedy Compression Using Rar.EXE id: afe52666-401e-4a02-b4ff-5d128990b8cb status: test description: Detects RAR usage that creates an archive from a suspicious folder, either a system folder or one of the folders often used by attackers for staging purposes references: - https://decoded.avast.io/martinchlumecky/png-steganography author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-15 modified: 2024-01-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_opt_1: - Image|endswith: \rar.exe - Description: Command line RAR selection_opt_2: CommandLine|contains: - '.exe a ' - ' a -m' selection_cli_flags: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -hp' - ' -r ' selection_cli_folders: CommandLine|contains: - ' ?:\\\*.' - ' ?:\\\\\*.' - ' ?:\$Recycle.bin\' - ' ?:\PerfLogs\' - ' ?:\Temp' - ' ?:\Users\Public\' - ' ?:\Windows\' - ' %public%' condition: 1 of selection_opt_* and all of selection_cli_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: detect Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SA in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SA. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Winlogon Helper DLL id: 851c506b-6b7c-4ce2-8802-c703009d03c0 status: test description: 'Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete. Registry entries in HKLM\Software[Wow6432Node]Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\ and HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\ are used to manage additional helper programs and functionalities that support Winlogon. Malicious modifications to these Registry keys may cause Winlogon to load and execute malicious DLLs and/or executables. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.004/T1547.004.md author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2019-10-21 modified: 2022-07-07 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.004 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: CurrentVersion\Winlogon selection2: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Set-ItemProperty - New-Item condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects creation of a container with a hostPath mount. A hostPath volume mounts a directory or a file from the node to t. Logsource: kubernetes / application / audit. Rule: title: Container With A hostPath Mount Created id: 402b955c-8fe0-4a8c-b635-622b4ac5f902 status: test description: 'Detects creation of a container with a hostPath mount. A hostPath volume mounts a directory or a file from the node to the container. Attackers who have permissions to create a new pod in the cluster may create one with a writable hostPath volume and chroot to escape to the underlying node. ' references: - https://microsoft.github.io/Threat-Matrix-for-Kubernetes/techniques/Writable%20hostPath%20mount/ - https://blog.appsecco.com/kubernetes-namespace-breakout-using-insecure-host-path-volume-part-1-b382f2a6e216 author: Leo Tsaousis (@laripping) date: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.t1611 - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: category: application product: kubernetes service: audit detection: selection: verb: create objectRef.resource: pods hostPath: '*' condition: selection falsepositives: - The DaemonSet controller creates pods with hostPath volumes within the kube-system namespace. level: low
Query: indicators of Regsvr32
Matching passage: T1218.010 Regsvr32. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. The Regsvr32.exe binary may also be signed by Microsoft. (Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32) Malicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations. Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions. Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation. This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed. (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32) This variation of the technique is often referred to as a "Squiblydoo" and has been used in campaigns targeting governments. (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32 Targeting Mongolian Gov) Regsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015). (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016)
Near-miss passage: T1218.004 InstallUtil. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use InstallUtil to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. InstallUtil is a command-line utility that allows for installation and uninstallation of resources by executing specific installer components specified in .NET binaries. (Citation: MSDN InstallUtil) The InstallUtil binary may also be digitally signed by Microsoft and located in the .NET directories on a Windows system: <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code> and <code>C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v<version>\InstallUtil.exe</code>. InstallUtil may also be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary that execute the class decorated with the attribute <code>[System.ComponentModel.RunInstaller(true)]</code>. (Citation: LOLBAS Installutil)
Query: detection rule: Detects potentially uncommon child processes of SndVol.exe (the Windows volume mixer)
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potentially uncommon child processes of SndVol.exe (the Windows volume mixer). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Uncommon Child Processes Of SndVol.exe id: ba42babc-0666-4393-a4f7-ceaf5a69191e status: test description: Detects potentially uncommon child processes of SndVol.exe (the Windows volume mixer) references: - https://twitter.com/Max_Mal_/status/1661322732456353792 author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-09 tags: - attack.execution logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \SndVol.exe filter_main_rundll32: Image|endswith: \rundll32.exe CommandLine|contains: ' shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL ' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects modifications to the Windows Defender configuration settings using PowerShell to add exclusions. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Windows Defender Exclusions Added - PowerShell id: c1344fa2-323b-4d2e-9176-84b4d4821c88 related: - id: 17769c90-230e-488b-a463-e05c08e9d48f type: similar status: test description: Detects modifications to the Windows Defender configuration settings using PowerShell to add exclusions references: - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/security/current/windows-defender-exclusions-added-via-powershell.html author: Tim Rauch, Elastic (idea) date: 2022-09-16 modified: 2022-11-26 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: ps_script product: windows definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_args_exc: ScriptBlockText|contains: - ' -ExclusionPath ' - ' -ExclusionExtension ' - ' -ExclusionProcess ' - ' -ExclusionIpAddress ' selection_args_pref: ScriptBlockText|contains: - 'Add-MpPreference ' - 'Set-MpPreference ' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: incident response steps for Persistence mechanism resembling Search Open Technical Databases
Matching passage: Playbook for T1596 Search Open Technical Databases. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1596. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: reconnaissance. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1596.005 Scan Databases. Different response path focused on reconnaissance.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3125. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-0578, CVE-2015-3115, CVE-2015-3116, and CVE-2015-5116.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1464. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. RT (aka Request Tracker) before 4.0.23 and 4.2.x before 4.2.10 allows remote attackers to hijack sessions via an RSS feed URL.
Query: alert when When IIS uses an old .Net Framework it's possible to enumerate folders with the symbol "~"
Matching passage: Sigma rule: When IIS uses an old .Net Framework it's possible to enumerate folders with the symbol "~". Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Successful IIS Shortname Fuzzing Scan id: 7cb02516-6d95-4ffc-8eee-162075e111ac status: test description: When IIS uses an old .Net Framework it's possible to enumerate folders with the symbol "~" references: - https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/9d2889356eebba661c8407038e430759dfd4ec31/fuzzing/iis-shortname.yaml - https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/19525 - https://github.com/lijiejie/IIS_shortname_Scanner author: frack113 date: 2021-10-06 modified: 2023-01-02 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: category: webserver detection: selection: cs-uri-query|contains: ~1 cs-uri-query|endswith: a.aspx cs-method: - GET - OPTIONS sc-status: - 200 - 301 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. This rule detect u. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Binary Padding - MacOS id: 95361ce5-c891-4b0a-87ca-e24607884a96 status: test description: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. This rule detect using dd and truncate to add a junk data to file. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1027.001/T1027.001.md - https://linux.die.net/man/1/truncate - https://linux.die.net/man/1/dd author: Igor Fits, Mikhail Larin, oscd.community date: 2020-10-19 modified: 2023-02-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.001 logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection_truncate: Image|endswith: /truncate CommandLine|contains: -s + selection_dd: Image|endswith: /dd CommandLine|contains: - if=/dev/zero - if=/dev/random - if=/dev/urandom condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate script work level: high
Query: exploit The TLS Handshake Protocol implementation in Secure Transport in Apple OS X before 10.11 accepts a Certificate Request message within a session in which no Server Key Exchange mess
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5887. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 10.0. The TLS Handshake Protocol implementation in Secure Transport in Apple OS X before 10.11 accepts a Certificate Request message within a session in which no Server Key Exchange message has been sent, which allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via crafted TLS data.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0847. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. nbd-server.c in Network Block Device (nbd-server) before 3.11 does not properly handle signals, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (deadlock) via unspecified vectors.
Query: detection rule: Detects usage of NimScan, a portscanner utility. In early 2025, adversaries were observed using this utility to scan for
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of NimScan, a portscanner utility. In early 2025, adversaries were observed using this utility to scan for. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - NimScan Execution id: 4fd6b1c7-19b8-4488-97f6-00f0924991a3 status: test description: 'Detects usage of NimScan, a portscanner utility. In early 2025, adversaries were observed using this utility to scan for open ports on remote hosts in a compromised environment. This rule identifies the execution of NimScan based on the process image name and specific hash values associated with different versions of the tool. ' references: - https://x.com/cyberfeeddigest/status/1887041526397587859 - https://github.com/elddy/NimScan author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-02-05 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1046 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \NimScan.exe - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=41BB1C7571B3A724EB83A1D2B96DBB8C - IMPHASH=B1B6ADACB172795480179EFD18A29549 - IMPHASH=0D1F896DC7642AD8384F9042F30279C2 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrator activity level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects shellshock expressions in log files. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Shellshock Expression id: c67e0c98-4d39-46ee-8f6b-437ebf6b950e status: test description: Detects shellshock expressions in log files references: - https://owasp.org/www-pdf-archive/Shellshock_-_Tudor_Enache.pdf author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-14 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1505.003 logsource: product: linux detection: keywords: - (){:;}; - () {:;}; - () { :;}; - () { :; }; condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Device Driver Discovery
Matching passage: T1652 Device Driver Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host. Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape follow-on behaviors, such as the function/purpose of the host, present security tools (i.e. [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) or other defenses (e.g., [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497)), as well as potential exploitable vulnerabilities (e.g., [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)). Many OS utilities may provide information about local device drivers, such as `driverquery.exe` and the `EnumDeviceDrivers()` API function on Windows.(Citation: Microsoft Driverquery)(Citation: Microsoft EnumDeviceDrivers) Information about device drivers (as well as associated services, i.e., [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007)) may also be available in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Registry Drivers) On Linux/macOS, device drivers (in the form of kernel modules) may be visible within `/dev` or using utilities such as `lsmod` and `modinfo`.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)(Citation: lsmod man)(Citation: modinfo man)
Near-miss passage: T1046 Network Service Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of services running on remote hosts and local network infrastructure devices, including those that may be vulnerable to remote software exploitation. Common methods to acquire this information include port, vulnerability, and/or wordlist scans using tools that are brought onto a system.(Citation: CISA AR21-126A FIVEHANDS May 2021) Within cloud environments, adversaries may attempt to discover services running on other cloud hosts. Additionally, if the cloud environment is connected to a on-premises environment, adversaries may be able to identify services running on non-cloud systems as well. Within macOS environments, adversaries may use the native Bonjour application to discover services running on other macOS hosts within a network. The Bonjour mDNSResponder daemon automatically registers and advertises a host’s registered services on the network. For example, adversaries can use a mDNS query (such as <code>dns-sd -B _ssh._tcp .</code>) to find other systems broadcasting the ssh service.(Citation: apple doco bonjour description)(Citation: macOS APT Activity Bradley)
Query: exploit Microsoft Office 2013 SP1 and 2013 RT SP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Uninitialized Memory Use Vulnerabil
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1770. CWE: CWE-824. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Microsoft Office 2013 SP1 and 2013 RT SP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Uninitialized Memory Use Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4315. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. The Call Policy Configuration page in Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway X8.5.3 improperly validates external DTDs, which allows remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files or cause a denial of service via a crafted XML document, aka Bug ID CSCuv31853.
Query: describe CVE-2015-6644
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6644. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Bouncy Castle in Android before 5.1.1 LMY49F and 6.0 before 2016-01-01 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via a crafted application, aka internal bug 24106146.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0087. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Font Driver in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory, and possibly bypass the KASLR protection mechanism, via a crafted font, aka "Adobe Font Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0089.
Query: mitigate Elevated Execution with Prompt
Matching passage: T1548.004 Elevated Execution with Prompt. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may leverage the <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. Although this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges. Adversaries may abuse <code>AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges</code> to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: OSX Coldroot RAT) This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)
Near-miss passage: T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions. Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)(Citation: sudo man page 2018) An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)