alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: intelligence brief on T1134.003
Matching passage: T1134.003 Make and Impersonate Token. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may make new tokens and impersonate users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. For example, if an adversary has a username and password but the user is not logged onto the system the adversary can then create a logon session for the user using the `LogonUser` function.(Citation: LogonUserW function) The function will return a copy of the new session's access token and the adversary can use `SetThreadToken` to assign the token to a thread. This behavior is distinct from [Token Impersonation/Theft](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/001) in that this refers to creating a new user token instead of stealing or duplicating an existing one.
Near-miss passage: T1134.004 Parent PID Spoofing. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the <code>CreateProcess</code> API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via <code>svchost.exe</code> or <code>consent.exe</code>) rather than the current user context.(Citation: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be <code>explorer.exe</code> rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) Explicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as <code>lsass.exe</code>), causing the new process to be elevated vi
Query: rule covering Detects Octopus Scanner Malware.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Octopus Scanner Malware.. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Octopus Scanner Malware id: 805c55d9-31e6-4846-9878-c34c75054fe9 status: test description: Detects Octopus Scanner Malware. references: - https://securitylab.github.com/research/octopus-scanner-malware-open-source-supply-chain author: NVISO date: 2020-06-09 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1195 - attack.t1195.001 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\Cache134.dat - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\ExplorerSync.db condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of PowerShell via the creation of a named pipe starting with PSHost. Logsource: windows / pipe_created. Rule: title: New PowerShell Instance Created id: ac7102b4-9e1e-4802-9b4f-17c5524c015c related: - id: 58cb02d5-78ce-4692-b3e1-dce850aae41a type: derived status: test description: Detects the execution of PowerShell via the creation of a named pipe starting with PSHost references: - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/190610-PwshAlternateHosts/notebook.html - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/190410-LocalPwshExecution/notebook.html author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2019-09-12 modified: 2023-11-30 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: pipe_created definition: Note that you have to configure logging for Named Pipe Events in Sysmon config (Event ID 17 and Event ID 18). The basic configuration is in popular sysmon configuration (https://github.com/SwiftOnSecurity/sysmon-config), but it is worth verifying. You can also use other repo, e.g. https://github.com/Neo23x0/sysmon-config, https://github.com/olafhartong/sysmon-modular. How to test detection? You can check powershell script from this site https://svch0st.medium.com/guide-to-named-pipes-and-hunting-for-cobalt-strike-pipes-dc46b2c5f575 detection: selection: PipeName|startswith: \PSHost condition: selection falsepositives: - Likely level: informational
Query: describe CVE-2015-0773
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0773. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.5. Cisco FireSIGHT System Software 5.3.1.3 and 6.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to delete an arbitrary user's dashboard via a modified VPN deletion request in a management session, aka Bug ID CSCut67078.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1416. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Larry Wall's patch; patch in FreeBSD 10.2-RC1 before 10.2-RC1-p1, 10.2 before 10.2-BETA2-p2, and 10.1 before 10.1-RELEASE-p16; Bitrig; GNU patch before 2.2.5; and possibly other patch variants allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands via a crafted patch file.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-10036
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10036. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in kylebebak dronfelipe. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The patch is named 87405b74fe651892d79d0dff62ed17a7eaef6a60. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217951.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10037. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in ACI_Escola. This affects an unknown part. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The identifier of the patch is 34eed1f7b9295d1424912f79989d8aba5de41e9f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-217965 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Query: risk of Heap-based buffer overflow in the gdk_pixbuf_flip function in gdk-pixbuf-scale.c in gdk-pixbuf 2.30.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbit
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7552. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in the gdk_pixbuf_flip function in gdk-pixbuf-scale.c in gdk-pixbuf 2.30.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted BMP file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4485. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Heap-based buffer overflow in the resize_context_buffers function in libvpx in Mozilla Firefox before 40.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via malformed WebM video data.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3994
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3994. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.0. The grant.xsfunc application in testApps/grantAccess/ in the XS Engine in SAP HANA DB 1.00.73.00.389160 (NewDB100_REL) allows remote authenticated users to spoof log entries via a crafted request, aka SAP Security Note 2109818.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8219. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The init_tile function in libavcodec/jpeg2000dec.c in FFmpeg before 2.8.2 does not enforce minimum-value and maximum-value constraints on tile coordinates, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds array access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted JPEG 2000 data.
Query: detection engineering for SMS Pumping
Matching passage: T1496.003 SMS Pumping. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage messaging services for SMS pumping, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping) SMS pumping is a type of telecommunications fraud whereby a threat actor first obtains a set of phone numbers from a telecommunications provider, then leverages a victim’s messaging infrastructure to send large amounts of SMS messages to numbers in that set. By generating SMS traffic to their phone number set, a threat actor may earn payments from the telecommunications provider.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping Fraud) Threat actors often use publicly available web forms, such as one-time password (OTP) or account verification fields, in order to generate SMS traffic. These fields may leverage services such as Twilio, AWS SNS, and Amazon Cognito in the background.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping)(Citation: AWS RE:Inforce Threat Detection 2024) In response to the large quantity of requests, SMS costs may increase and communication channels may become overwhelmed.(Citation: Twilio SMS Pumping)
Near-miss passage: T1496.001 Compute Hijacking. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may leverage the compute resources of co-opted systems to complete resource-intensive tasks, which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. One common purpose for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for [Compute Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496/001) and cryptocurrency mining.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs) Additionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware identify then kill off processes for competing malware to ensure it’s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects known hacktool execution based on image name.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects known hacktool execution based on image name.. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Linux HackTool Execution id: a015e032-146d-4717-8944-7a1884122111 status: test description: Detects known hacktool execution based on image name. references: - https://github.com/Gui774ume/ebpfkit - https://github.com/pathtofile/bad-bpf - https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng - https://github.com/t3l3machus/hoaxshell - https://github.com/t3l3machus/Villain - https://github.com/HavocFramework/Havoc - https://github.com/1N3/Sn1per - https://github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin - https://github.com/Pennyw0rth/NetExec/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Georg Lauenstein (sure[secure]) date: 2023-01-03 modified: 2024-09-19 tags: - attack.execution - attack.resource-development - attack.t1587 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection_c2_frameworks: Image|endswith: - /crackmapexec - /havoc - /merlin-agent - /merlinServer-Linux-x64 - /msfconsole - /msfvenom - /ps-empire server - /ps-empire - /sliver-client - /sliver-server - /Villain.py selection_c2_framework_cobaltstrike: Image|contains: - /cobaltstrike - /teamserver selection_scanners: Image|endswith: - /autorecon - /httpx - /legion - /naabu - /netdiscover - /nuclei - /recon-ng selection_scanners_sniper: Image|contains: /sniper selection_web_enum: Image|endswith: - /dirb - /dirbuster - /eyewitness - /feroxbuster - /ffuf - /gobuster - /wfuzz - /whatweb selection_web_vuln: Image|endswith: - /joomscan - /nikto - /wpscan selection_exploit_tools: Image|endswith: - /aircrack-ng - /bloodhound-python - /bpfdos - /ebpfki - /evil-winrm - /hashcat - /hoaxshell.py - /hydra - /john - /ncrack - /nxc-ubuntu-latest - /pidhide - /pspy32 - /pspy32s - /pspy64 - /pspy64s - /setoolkit - /sqlmap - /writeblocker selection_linpeas: Image|contains: /linpeas condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a file ending in jse, vbe, js, vba, vbs, wsf, wsh written by cscript.exe or wscript.exe. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: WScript or CScript Dropper - File id: 002bdb95-0cf1-46a6-9e08-d38c128a6127 related: - id: cea72823-df4d-4567-950c-0b579eaf0846 type: derived status: test description: Detects a file ending in jse, vbe, js, vba, vbs, wsf, wsh written by cscript.exe or wscript.exe references: - WScript or CScript Dropper (cea72823-df4d-4567-950c-0b579eaf0846) author: Tim Shelton date: 2022-01-10 modified: 2026-02-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1059.007 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \wscript.exe - \cscript.exe TargetFilename|contains: - :\Perflogs\ - :\ProgramData\ - :\Temp\ - :\Tmp\ - :\Users\ - :\Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp - \AppData\Roaming\Temp - \Start Menu\Programs\Startup\ - \Temporary Internet TargetFilename|endswith: - .js - .jse - .vba - .vbe - .vbs - .wsf - .wsh condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: Race condition in resolver.c in named in ISC BIND 9.9.8 before 9.9.8-P2 and 9.10.3 before 9.10.3-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (INSIST assertion failure a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8461. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Race condition in resolver.c in named in ISC BIND 9.9.8 before 9.9.8-P2 and 9.10.3 before 9.10.3-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (INSIST assertion failure and daemon exit) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7553. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 4.699999809265137. Race condition in the kernel in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, kernel-rt and Red Hat Enterprise MRG 2, when the nfnetlink_log module is loaded, allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic) by creating netlink sockets.
Query: indicators of vSphere Installation Bundles
Matching passage: T1505.006 vSphere Installation Bundles. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse vSphere Installation Bundles (VIBs) to establish persistent access to ESXi hypervisors. VIBs are collections of files used for software distribution and virtual system management in VMware environments. Since ESXi uses an in-memory filesystem where changes made to most files are stored in RAM rather than in persistent storage, these modifications are lost after a reboot. However, VIBs can be used to create startup tasks, apply custom firewall rules, or deploy binaries that persist across reboots. Typically, administrators use VIBs for updates and system maintenance. VIBs can be broken down into three components:(Citation: VMware VIBs) * VIB payload: a `.vgz` archive containing the directories and files to be created and executed on boot when the VIBs are loaded. * Signature file: verifies the host acceptance level of a VIB, indicating what testing and validation has been done by VMware or its partners before publication of a VIB. By default, ESXi hosts require a minimum acceptance level of PartnerSupported for VIB installation, meaning the VIB is published by a trusted VMware partner. However, privileged users can change the default acceptance level using the `esxcli` command line interface. Additionally, VIBs are able to be installed regardless of acceptance level by using the <code> esxcli software vib install --force</code> command. * XML descriptor file: a configuration file containing associated VIB metadata, such as the name of the VIB and its dependencies. Adversaries may leverage malicious VIB packages to maintain persistent access to ESXi hypervisors, allowing system changes to be executed upon each bootup of ESXi – such as using `esxcli` to enable firewall rules for backdoor traffic, creating listeners on hard coded ports, and executing backdoors.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence ESXi VIBs 2022) Adversaries may also masquerade their malicious VIB files as PartnerSupported by modifying the XML descriptor file.(Citation: Googl
Near-miss passage: T1505.003 Web Shell. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems. A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to access the Web server as a gateway into a network. A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013)
Query: describe CVE-2015-0137
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0137. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. IBM PowerVC Standard 1.2.0.x before 1.2.0.4 and 1.2.1.x before 1.2.2 validates Hardware Management Console (HMC) certificates only during the pre-login stage, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof devices via a crafted certificate.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4992. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 3.5. IBM Sterling B2B Integrator 5.2 before 5020500_8 allows remote authenticated users to conduct clickjacking attacks via unspecified vectors.
Query: detection rule: Detects various indicators of Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer execution
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects various indicators of Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer execution. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: CMSTP Execution Registry Event id: b6d235fc-1d38-4b12-adbe-325f06728f37 status: stable description: Detects various indicators of Microsoft Connection Manager Profile Installer execution references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20190720093911/http://www.endurant.io/cmstp/detecting-cmstp-enabled-code-execution-and-uac-bypass-with-sysmon/ author: Nik Seetharaman date: 2018-07-16 modified: 2020-12-23 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.003 - attack.g0069 - car.2019-04-001 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \cmmgr32.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate CMSTP use (unlikely in modern enterprise environments) level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of the RunXCmd tool to execute commands with System or TrustedInstaller accounts. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - RunXCmd Execution id: 93199800-b52a-4dec-b762-75212c196542 status: test description: Detects the use of the RunXCmd tool to execute commands with System or TrustedInstaller accounts references: - https://www.d7xtech.com/free-software/runx/ - https://www.winhelponline.com/blog/run-program-as-system-localsystem-account-windows/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-24 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 - attack.s0029 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_account: CommandLine|contains: - ' /account=system ' - ' /account=ti ' selection_exec: CommandLine|contains: /exec= condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use by administrators level: high
Query: alert when Detects file access requests to potentially sensitive files hosted on the Windows Sysvol share.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects file access requests to potentially sensitive files hosted on the Windows Sysvol share.. Logsource: windows / file_access. Rule: title: Access To Potentially Sensitive Sysvol Files By Uncommon Applications id: d51694fe-484a-46ac-92d6-969e76d60d10 related: - id: 8344c19f-a023-45ff-ad63-a01c5396aea0 type: derived status: test description: Detects file access requests to potentially sensitive files hosted on the Windows Sysvol share. references: - https://github.com/vletoux/pingcastle author: frack113 date: 2023-12-21 modified: 2024-07-29 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1552.006 logsource: category: file_access product: windows definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-File ETW provider' detection: selection: FileName|startswith: \\ FileName|contains|all: - \sysvol\ - \Policies\ FileName|endswith: - audit.csv - Files.xml - GptTmpl.inf - groups.xml - Registry.pol - Registry.xml - scheduledtasks.xml - scripts.ini - services.xml filter_main_generic: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files (x86)\ - C:\Program Files\ - C:\Windows\system32\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ filter_main_explorer: Image: C:\Windows\explorer.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of winget to install applications via manifest file. Adversaries can abuse winget to download payloads rem. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Install New Package Via Winget Local Manifest id: 313d6012-51a0-4d93-8dfc-de8553239e25 status: test description: 'Detects usage of winget to install applications via manifest file. Adversaries can abuse winget to download payloads remotely and execute them. The manifest option enables you to install an application by passing in a YAML file directly to the client. Winget can be used to download and install exe, msi or msix files later. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget/install#local-install - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Winget/ - https://github.com/nasbench/Misc-Research/tree/b9596e8109dcdb16ec353f316678927e507a5b8d/LOLBINs/Winget author: Sreeman, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2020-04-21 modified: 2023-04-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \winget.exe - OriginalFileName: winget.exe selection_install_flag: CommandLine|contains: - install - ' add ' selection_manifest_flag: CommandLine|contains: - '-m ' - --manifest condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Some false positives are expected in some environment that may use this functionality to install and test their custom applications level: medium
Query: weakness External Control of File Name or Path
Matching passage: CWE-73 External Control of File Name or Path. The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations.
Near-miss passage: CWE-612 Improper Authorization of Index Containing Sensitive Information. The product creates a search index of private or sensitive documents, but it does not properly limit index access to actors who are authorized to see the original information.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9401
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9401. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.800000190734863. The websimon-tables plugin through 1.3.4 for WordPress has wp-admin/tools.php edit_style id XSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8759. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the typoLink function in TYPO3 6.2.x before 6.2.16 and 7.x before 7.6.1 allows remote authenticated editors to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a link field.
Query: secure coding against UI Discrepancy for Security Feature
Matching passage: CWE-446 UI Discrepancy for Security Feature. The user interface does not correctly enable or configure a security feature, but the interface provides feedback that causes the user to believe that the feature is in a secure state.
Near-miss passage: CWE-835 Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop'). The product contains an iteration or loop with an exit condition that cannot be reached, i.e., an infinite loop.