alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: exploit Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers t
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3039. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0349, CVE-2015-0351, and CVE-2015-0358.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1421. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in the sctp_assoc_update function in net/sctp/associola.c in the Linux kernel before 3.18.8 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (slab corruption and panic) or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering an INIT collision that leads to improper handling of shared-key data.
Query: CWE for Function Call With Incorrect Order of Arguments
Matching passage: CWE-683 Function Call With Incorrect Order of Arguments. The product calls a function, procedure, or routine, but the caller specifies the arguments in an incorrect order, leading to resultant weaknesses.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1278 Missing Protection Against Hardware Reverse Engineering Using Integrated Circuit (IC) Imaging Techniques. Information stored in hardware may be recovered by an attacker with the capability to capture and analyze images of the integrated circuit using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy.
Query: indicators of Confluence
Matching passage: T1213.001 Confluence. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage Confluence repositories to mine valuable information. Often found in development environments alongside Atlassian JIRA, Confluence is generally used to store development-related documentation, however, in general may contain more diverse categories of useful information, such as: * Policies, procedures, and standards * Physical / logical network diagrams * System architecture diagrams * Technical system documentation * Testing / development credentials (i.e., [Unsecured Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552)) * Work / project schedules * Source code snippets * Links to network shares and other internal resources
Near-miss passage: T1213.006 Databases. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information. These databases may be hosted on-premises or in the cloud (both in platform-as-a-service and software-as-a-service environments). Examples of databases from which information may be collected include MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Amazon Relational Database Service, Azure SQL Database, Google Firebase, and Snowflake. Databases may include a variety of information of interest to adversaries, such as usernames, hashed passwords, personally identifiable information, and financial data. Data collected from databases may be used for [Lateral Movement](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0008), [Command and Control](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0011), or [Exfiltration](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0010). Data exfiltrated from databases may also be used to extort victims or may be sold for profit.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence UNC5537 Snowflake 2024)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1976
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1976. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.5. IBM Security Directory Server could allow an authenticated user to execute commands into the web administration tool that would cause the tool to crash.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9140. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wear, and Small Cell SoC FSM9055, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 600, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 650/52, SD 800, SD 808, SD 810, and SDX20, unauthorized memory access possible in online memory dump feature.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Lync Server 2013 and Skype for Business Server 2015 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a craft
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2536. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Lync Server 2013 and Skype for Business Server 2015 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, aka "Skype for Business Server and Lync Server XSS Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0893. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Maroyaka CGI Maroyaka Relay Novel allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Query: secure coding against Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Matching passage: CWE-88 Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection'). The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1254 Incorrect Comparison Logic Granularity. The product's comparison logic is performed over a series of steps rather than across the entire string in one operation. If there is a comparison logic failure on one of these steps, the operation may be vulnerable to a timing attack that can result in the interception of the process for nefarious purposes.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2295
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2295. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in system_firmware_restorefullbackup.php in the WebGUI in pfSense before 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that delete arbitrary files via the deletefile parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8624. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The User::matchEditToken function in includes/User.php in MediaWiki before 1.23.12, 1.24.x before 1.24.5, 1.25.x before 1.25.4, and 1.26.x before 1.26.1 does not perform token comparison in constant time before determining if a debugging message should be logged, which allows remote attackers to guess the edit token and bypass CSRF protection via a timing attack, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8623.
Query: risk of The kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5903. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5868 and CVE-2015-5896.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6678. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6676.
Query: detect Detects the execution of a potential recon command where the results are piped to "findstr". This is meant to trigger on in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a potential recon command where the results are piped to "findstr". This is meant to trigger on. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Recon Command Output Piped To Findstr.EXE id: ccb5742c-c248-4982-8c5c-5571b9275ad3 related: - id: fe63010f-8823-4864-a96b-a7b4a0f7b929 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects the execution of a potential recon command where the results are piped to "findstr". This is meant to trigger on inline calls of "cmd.exe" via the "/c" or "/k" for example. Attackers often time use this technique to extract specific information they require in their reconnaissance phase. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/02cb591f75064ffe1e0df9ac3ed5972a2e491c97/atomics/T1057/T1057.md#atomic-test-6---discover-specific-process---tasklist - https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/manage-engine-vulnerability-sector-alert-tlpclear.pdf - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/d/spring4shell-exploited-to-deploy-cryptocurrency-miners.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2023-07-06 modified: 2025-10-08 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1057 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - ipconfig*|*find - net*|*find - netstat*|*find - ping*|*find - systeminfo*|*find - tasklist*|*find - whoami*|*find filter_optional_xampp: CommandLine|contains|all: - cmd.exe /c TASKLIST /V | - FIND /I - \xampp\ - \catalina_start.bat condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_findstr_recon_pipe_output/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation Via Use Rundll32 - System id: 641a4bfb-c017-44f7-800c-2aee0184ce9b status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Rundll32 in Scripts references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-09 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ImagePath|contains|all: - '&&' - rundll32 - shell32.dll - shellexec_rundll ImagePath|contains: - value - invoke - comspec - iex condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2954
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2954. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Igreks MilkyStep Light 0.94 and earlier and Professional 1.82 and earlier allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2940. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the CheckUser extension for MediaWiki allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of certain users for requests that retrieve sensitive user information via unspecified vectors.
Query: detect Detects write access requests to the Windows Defender exclusions registry keys. This could be an indication of an attack in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects write access requests to the Windows Defender exclusions registry keys. This could be an indication of an attack. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Windows Defender Exclusion Registry Key - Write Access Requested id: e9c8808f-4cfb-4ba9-97d4-e5f3beaa244d related: - id: 46a68649-f218-4f86-aea1-16a759d81820 type: derived - id: a33f8808-2812-4373-ae95-8cfb82134978 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects write access requests to the Windows Defender exclusions registry keys. This could be an indication of an attacker trying to request a handle or access the object to write new exclusions in order to bypass security. ' references: - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/gootkit-malware-bypasses-windows-defender-by-setting-path-exclusions/ author: '@BarryShooshooga, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)' date: 2019-10-26 modified: 2023-11-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: 'Requirements: Audit Policy : Security Settings/Local Policies/Audit Policy, Registry System Access Control (SACL): Auditing/User' detection: selection: AccessList|contains: - '%%4417' - '%%4418' EventID: - 4656 - 4663 ObjectName|contains: \Microsoft\Windows Defender\Exclusions\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a new admin is created.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Privileged Account Creation id: f7b5b004-dece-46e4-a4a5-f6fd0e1c6947 status: test description: Detects when a new admin is created. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-privileged-accounts#changes-to-privileged-accounts author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Yochana Henderson, '@Yochana-H', Tim Shelton date: 2022-08-11 modified: 2022-08-16 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message|contains|all: - Add user - Add member to role Status: Success condition: selection falsepositives: - A legitimate new admin account being created level: medium
Query: exploit The handle_regservice_request function in mDNSResponder before 625.41.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) vi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7988. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The handle_regservice_request function in mDNSResponder before 625.41.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8066. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / ps_script
Matching passage: Sigma rule: DNSExfiltrator allows for transferring (exfiltrate) a file over a DNS request covert channel. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell DNSExfiltration id: d59d7842-9a21-4bc6-ba98-64bfe0091355 status: test description: DNSExfiltrator allows for transferring (exfiltrate) a file over a DNS request covert channel references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1048/T1048.md#atomic-test-3---dnsexfiltration-doh - https://github.com/Arno0x/DNSExfiltrator author: frack113 date: 2022-01-07 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_cmdlet: - ScriptBlockText|contains: Invoke-DNSExfiltrator - ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - ' -i ' - ' -d ' - ' -p ' - ' -doh ' - ' -t ' condition: selection_cmdlet falsepositives: - Legitimate script level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in. Winlogon.exe is a Win. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Winlogon Notify Key Logon Persistence id: bbf59793-6efb-4fa1-95ca-a7d288e52c88 status: test description: 'Adversaries may abuse features of Winlogon to execute DLLs and/or executables when a user logs in. Winlogon.exe is a Windows component responsible for actions at logon/logoff as well as the secure attention sequence (SAS) triggered by Ctrl-Alt-Delete. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.004/T1547.004.md#atomic-test-3---winlogon-notify-key-logon-persistence---powershell author: frack113 date: 2021-12-30 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.004 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\Notify\logon Details|endswith: .dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit Technicolor C2000T and C2100T uses hard-coded cryptographic keys.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7276. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. Technicolor C2000T and C2100T uses hard-coded cryptographic keys.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4667. CWE: CWE-798. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Multiple hardcoded credentials in Xsuite 2.x.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8537
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8537. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. app/views/journals/index.builder in Redmine before 2.6.9, 3.0.x before 3.0.7, and 3.1.x before 3.1.3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by viewing an Atom feed.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4212. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco WebEx Meeting Center allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, as demonstrated by discovering credentials, aka Bug ID CSCut17466.
Query: write Sigma for Detects unknown program using commandline flags usually used by tools such as PsExec and PAExec to start programs with S
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects unknown program using commandline flags usually used by tools such as PsExec and PAExec to start programs with S. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Privilege Escalation To LOCAL SYSTEM id: 207b0396-3689-42d9-8399-4222658efc99 related: - id: 8834e2f7-6b4b-4f09-8906-d2276470ee23 type: similar status: test description: Detects unknown program using commandline flags usually used by tools such as PsExec and PAExec to start programs with SYSTEM Privileges references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psexec - https://www.poweradmin.com/paexec/ - https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/10/kegtap-and-singlemalt-with-a-ransomware-chaser.html author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-05-22 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1587.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|windash: - ' -s cmd' - ' -s -i cmd' - ' -i -s cmd' - ' -s pwsh' - ' -s -i pwsh' - ' -i -s pwsh' - ' -s powershell' - ' -s -i powershell' - ' -i -s powershell' filter_main_exclude_coverage: CommandLine|contains: - paexec - PsExec - accepteula condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Weird admins that rename their tools - Software companies that bundle PsExec/PAExec with their software and rename it, so that it is less embarrassing level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential process injection via Microsoft Remote Asssistance (Msra.exe) by looking at suspicious child processes. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Process Injection Via Msra.EXE id: 744a188b-0415-4792-896f-11ddb0588dbc status: test description: Detects potential process injection via Microsoft Remote Asssistance (Msra.exe) by looking at suspicious child processes spawned from the aforementioned process. It has been a target used by many threat actors and used for discovery and persistence tactics references: - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/12/09/a-closer-look-at-qakbots-latest-building-blocks-and-how-to-knock-them-down/ - https://www.fortinet.com/content/dam/fortinet/assets/analyst-reports/ar-qakbot.pdf author: Alexander McDonald date: 2022-06-24 modified: 2023-02-03 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1055 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \msra.exe ParentCommandLine|endswith: msra.exe Image|endswith: - \arp.exe - \cmd.exe - \net.exe - \netstat.exe - \nslookup.exe - \route.exe - \schtasks.exe - \whoami.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of Msra.exe level: high
Query: exploit The default configuration for cURL and libcurl before 7.42.1 sends custom HTTP headers to both the proxy and destination server, which might allow remote proxy servers to obtain se
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3153. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The default configuration for cURL and libcurl before 7.42.1 sends custom HTTP headers to both the proxy and destination server, which might allow remote proxy servers to obtain sensitive information by reading the header contents.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1680. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow local users to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via a crafted function call, aka "Microsoft Windows Kernel Memory Disclosure Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1676, CVE-2015-1677, CVE-2015-1678, and CVE-2015-1679.
Query: actor TTPs: Data Manipulation
Matching passage: T1565 Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may insert, delete, or manipulate data in order to influence external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: Sygnia Elephant Beetle Jan 2022) By manipulating data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, or decision making. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.
Near-miss passage: T1565.002 Transmitted Data Manipulation. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may alter data en route to storage or other systems in order to manipulate external outcomes or hide activity, thus threatening the integrity of the data.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating transmitted data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. Manipulation may be possible over a network connection or between system processes where there is an opportunity deploy a tool that will intercept and change information. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target transmission mechanism as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.