alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Browser Session Hijacking
Matching passage: T1185 Browser Session Hijacking. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.(Citation: Wikipedia Man in the Browser) A specific example is when an adversary injects software into a browser that allows them to inherit cookies, HTTP sessions, and SSL client certificates of a user then use the browser as a way to pivot into an authenticated intranet.(Citation: Cobalt Strike Browser Pivot)(Citation: ICEBRG Chrome Extensions) Executing browser-based behaviors such as pivoting may require specific process permissions, such as <code>SeDebugPrivilege</code> and/or high-integrity/administrator rights. Another example involves pivoting browser traffic from the adversary's browser through the user's browser by setting up a proxy which will redirect web traffic. This does not alter the user's traffic in any way, and the proxy connection can be severed as soon as the browser is closed. The adversary assumes the security context of whichever browser process the proxy is injected into. Browsers typically create a new process for each tab that is opened and permissions and certificates are separated accordingly. With these permissions, an adversary could potentially browse to any resource on an intranet, such as [Sharepoint](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213/002) or webmail, that is accessible through the browser and which the browser has sufficient permissions. Browser pivoting may also bypass security provided by 2-factor authentication.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)
Near-miss passage: T1560.003 Archive via Custom Method. Tactics: collection. Description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using a custom method. Adversaries may choose to use custom archival methods, such as encryption with XOR or stream ciphers implemented with no external library or utility references. Custom implementations of well-known compression algorithms have also been used.(Citation: ESET Sednit Part 2)
Query: exploit Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.5, and Thunderbird before 31.5 allow remote attackers to cause
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0836. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.5, and Thunderbird before 31.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0453. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.299999952316284. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via vectors related to PORTAL.
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Web Shell
Matching passage: T1505.003 Web Shell. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems. A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to access the Web server as a gateway into a network. A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW) In addition to a server-side script, a Web shell may have a client interface program that is used to talk to the Web server (e.g. [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) Web shell client).(Citation: Lee 2013)
Near-miss passage: T1505.006 vSphere Installation Bundles. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse vSphere Installation Bundles (VIBs) to establish persistent access to ESXi hypervisors. VIBs are collections of files used for software distribution and virtual system management in VMware environments. Since ESXi uses an in-memory filesystem where changes made to most files are stored in RAM rather than in persistent storage, these modifications are lost after a reboot. However, VIBs can be used to create startup tasks, apply custom firewall rules, or deploy binaries that persist across reboots. Typically, administrators use VIBs for updates and system maintenance. VIBs can be broken down into three components:(Citation: VMware VIBs) * VIB payload: a `.vgz` archive containing the directories and files to be created and executed on boot when the VIBs are loaded. * Signature file: verifies the host acceptance level of a VIB, indicating what testing and validation has been done by VMware or its partners before publication of a VIB. By default, ESXi hosts require a minimum acceptance level of PartnerSupported for VIB installation, meaning the VIB is published by a trusted VMware partner. However, privileged users can change the default acceptance level using the `esxcli` command line interface. Additionally, VIBs are able to be installed regardless of acceptance level by using the <code> esxcli software vib install --force</code> command. * XML descriptor file: a configuration file containing associated VIB metadata, such as the name of the VIB and its dependencies. Adversaries may leverage malicious VIB packages to maintain persistent access to ESXi hypervisors, allowing system changes to be executed upon each bootup of ESXi – such as using `esxcli` to enable firewall rules for backdoor traffic, creating listeners on hard coded ports, and executing backdoors.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence ESXi VIBs 2022) Adversaries may also masquerade their malicious VIB files as PartnerSupported by modifying the XML descriptor file.(Citation: Googl
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6388
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6388. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) Central software 1.3(0.1) allows remote attackers to conduct server-side request forgery (SSRF) attacks via a crafted request, aka Bug ID CSCux33575.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5359. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Juniper Junos OS 12.1X44 before 12.1X44-D50, 12.1X46 before 12.1X46-D35, 12.1X47 before 12.1X47-D25, 12.3 before 12.3R9, 12.3X48 before 12.3X48-D10, 13.2 before 13.2R7, 13.3 before 13.3R5, 14.1R3 before 14.1R3-S2, 14.1 before 14.1R4, 14.2 before 14.2R2, and 15.1 before 15.1R1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and RDP crash) via a large number of BGP-VPLS advertisements with updated BGP local preference values.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8071
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8071. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8434, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0384. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel Public Sector component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1 and 8.2.2 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Public Sector Portal.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Selective Exclusion
Matching passage: T1679 Selective Exclusion. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may intentionally exclude certain files, folders, directories, file types, or system components from encryption or tampering during a ransomware or malicious payload execution. Some file extensions that adversaries may avoid encrypting include `.dll`, `.exe`, and `.lnk`.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Medusa Group Medusa Ransomware January 2024) Adversaries may perform this behavior to avoid alerting users, to evade detection by security tools and analysts, or, in the case of ransomware, to ensure that the system remains operational enough to deliver the ransom notice. Exclusions may target files and components whose corruption would cause instability, break core services, or immediately expose the attack. By carefully avoiding these areas, adversaries maintain system responsiveness while minimizing indicators that could trigger alarms or otherwise inhibit achieving their goals.
Near-miss passage: T1221 Template Injection. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts. For example, Microsoft’s Office Open XML (OOXML) specification defines an XML-based format for Office documents (.docx, xlsx, .pptx) to replace older binary formats (.doc, .xls, .ppt). OOXML files are packed together ZIP archives compromised of various XML files, referred to as parts, containing properties that collectively define how a document is rendered.(Citation: Microsoft Open XML July 2017) Properties within parts may reference shared public resources accessed via online URLs. For example, template properties may reference a file, serving as a pre-formatted document blueprint, that is fetched when the document is loaded. Adversaries may abuse these templates to initially conceal malicious code to be executed via user documents. Template references injected into a document may enable malicious payloads to be fetched and executed when the document is loaded.(Citation: SANS Brian Wiltse Template Injection) These documents can be delivered via other techniques such as [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) and/or [Taint Shared Content](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1080) and may evade static detections since no typical indicators (VBA macro, script, etc.) are present until after the malicious payload is fetched.(Citation: Redxorblue Remote Template Injection) Examples have been seen in the wild where template injection was used to load malicious code containing an exploit.(Citation: MalwareBytes Template Injection OCT 2017) Adversaries may also modify the <code>*\template</code> control word within an .rtf file to similarly conceal then download malicious code. This legitimate control word value is intended to be a file destination of a template file resource that is retrieved and loaded when an .rtf file is opened. However, adversaries may alter the bytes of an existing .rtf file to insert a template control wor
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5279
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5279. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Heap-based buffer overflow in the ne2000_receive function in hw/net/ne2000.c in QEMU before 2.4.0.1 allows guest OS users to cause a denial of service (instance crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via vectors related to receiving packets.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7091. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.599999904632568. Apple QuickTime before 7.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted movie file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7085, CVE-2015-7086, CVE-2015-7087, CVE-2015-7088, CVE-2015-7089, CVE-2015-7090, CVE-2015-7092, and CVE-2015-7117.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.43 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4737. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.43 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Server : Pluggable Auth.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0404. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Framework component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.6, 12.1.3, 12.2.2, 12.2.3, and 12.2.4 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Error Messages.
Query: describe CVE-2015-1480
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1480. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. ZOHO ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (SDP) before 9.0 build 9031 allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive ticket information via a (1) getTicketData action to servlet/AJaxServlet or a direct request to (2) swf/flashreport.swf, (3) reports/flash/details.jsp, or (4) reports/CreateReportTable.jsp.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2771. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Mail Server in Websense TRITON AP-EMAIL and V-Series appliances before 8.0.0 uses plaintext credentials, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: adversary uses Event Triggered Execution
Matching passage: T1546 Event Triggered Execution. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.
Near-miss passage: T1546.005 Trap. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by an interrupt signal. The <code>trap</code> command allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals. A common situation is a script allowing for graceful termination and handling of common keyboard interrupts like <code>ctrl+c</code> and <code>ctrl+d</code>. Adversaries can use this to register code to be executed when the shell encounters specific interrupts as a persistence mechanism. Trap commands are of the following format <code>trap 'command list' signals</code> where "command list" will be executed when "signals" are received.(Citation: Trap Manual)(Citation: Cyberciti Trap Statements)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-10048
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10048. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in bmattoso desafio_buzz_woody. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing. The manipulation leads to sql injection. The identifier of the patch is cb8220cbae06082c969b1776fcb2fdafb3a1006b. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-218357 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4713. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in ApPHP Hotel Site 3.x.x allows remote editors to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the pid parameter to index.php.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5954
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5954. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. The virtual filesystem in ownCloud Server before 6.0.9, 7.0.x before 7.0.7, and 8.0.x before 8.0.5 does not consider that NULL is a valid getPath return value, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and gain access to users files via a sharing link to a file with a deleted parent folder.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0412. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u85, 7u72, and 8u25 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to JAX-WS.
Query: detect Detects suspicious PowerShell invocation command parameters in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious PowerShell invocation command parameters. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious PowerShell Invocations - Specific - ProcessCreation id: 536e2947-3729-478c-9903-745aaffe60d2 related: - id: fce5f582-cc00-41e1-941a-c6fabf0fdb8c type: obsolete - id: ae7fbf8e-f3cb-49fd-8db4-5f3bed522c71 type: similar - id: 8ff28fdd-e2fa-4dfa-aeda-ef3d61c62090 type: similar status: test description: Detects suspicious PowerShell invocation command parameters references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-05 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_convert_b64: CommandLine|contains|all: - -nop - ' -w ' - hidden - ' -c ' - '[Convert]::FromBase64String' selection_iex: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -w ' - hidden - -noni - -nop - ' -c ' - iex - New-Object selection_enc: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -w ' - hidden - -ep - bypass - -Enc selection_reg: CommandLine|contains|all: - powershell - reg - add - \software\ selection_webclient: CommandLine|contains|all: - bypass - -noprofile - -windowstyle - hidden - new-object - system.net.webclient - .download selection_iex_webclient: CommandLine|contains|all: - iex - New-Object - Net.WebClient - .Download filter_chocolatey: CommandLine|contains: - (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1 - Write-ChocolateyWarning condition: 1 of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when changes are made to the SSH certificate configuration of the organization.. Logsource: github / audit. Rule: title: Github SSH Certificate Configuration Changed id: 2f575940-d85e-4ddc-af13-17dad6f1a0ef status: test description: Detects when changes are made to the SSH certificate configuration of the organization. references: - https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-cloud@latest/organizations/managing-git-access-to-your-organizations-repositories/about-ssh-certificate-authorities - https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-cloud@latest/admin/monitoring-activity-in-your-enterprise/reviewing-audit-logs-for-your-enterprise/audit-log-events-for-your-enterprise#ssh_certificate_authority author: Romain Gaillard (@romain-gaillard) date: 2024-07-29 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: github service: audit definition: 'Requirements: The audit log streaming feature must be enabled to be able to receive such logs. You can enable following the documentation here: https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-cloud@latest/admin/monitoring-activity-in-your-enterprise/reviewing-audit-logs-for-your-enterprise/streaming-the-audit-log-for-your-enterprise#setting-up-audit-log-streaming' detection: selection: action: - ssh_certificate_authority.create - ssh_certificate_requirement.disable condition: selection falsepositives: - Allowed administrative activities. level: medium
Query: write Sigma for Detects well-known credential dumping tools execution via service execution events
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects well-known credential dumping tools execution via service execution events. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Credential Dumping Tools Service Execution - System id: 4976aa50-8f41-45c6-8b15-ab3fc10e79ed status: test description: Detects well-known credential dumping tools execution via service execution events references: - https://www.slideshare.net/heirhabarov/hunting-for-credentials-dumping-in-windows-environment author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Teymur Kheirkhabarov, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community date: 2017-03-05 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.execution - attack.t1003.001 - attack.t1003.002 - attack.t1003.004 - attack.t1003.005 - attack.t1003.006 - attack.t1569.002 - attack.s0005 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ImagePath|contains: - cachedump - dumpsvc - fgexec - gsecdump - mimidrv - pwdump - servpw condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate Administrator using credential dumping tool for password recovery level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects successful logon with logon type 9 (NewCredentials) which matches the Overpass the Hash behavior of e.g Mimikatz. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Successful Overpass the Hash Attempt id: 192a0330-c20b-4356-90b6-7b7049ae0b87 status: test description: Detects successful logon with logon type 9 (NewCredentials) which matches the Overpass the Hash behavior of e.g Mimikatz's sekurlsa::pth module. references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20220419045003/https://cyberwardog.blogspot.com/2017/04/chronicles-of-threat-hunter-hunting-for.html author: Roberto Rodriguez (source), Dominik Schaudel (rule) date: 2018-02-12 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.s0002 - attack.t1550.002 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 9 LogonProcessName: seclogo AuthenticationPackageName: Negotiate condition: selection falsepositives: - Runas command-line tool using /netonly parameter level: high
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6268
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6268. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco IOS XE before 2.2.3 on ASR 1000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (Embedded Services Processor crash) via a crafted IPv4 UDP packet, aka Bug ID CSCsw95482.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8230. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. Memory leak in Huawei eSpace 8950 IP phones with software before V200R003C00SPC300 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and restart) via a large number of crafted ARP packets.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7320
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7320. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in cpabc_appointments_admin_int_bookings_list.inc.php in the Appointment Booking Calendar plugin before 1.1.8 for WordPress allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8815. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Umbraco before 7.4.0 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the name parameter to (1) the media page, (2) the developer data edit page, or (3) the form page.