alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching AutoHotKey & AutoIT
Matching passage: T1059.010 AutoHotKey & AutoIT. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may execute commands and perform malicious tasks using AutoIT and AutoHotKey automation scripts. AutoIT and AutoHotkey (AHK) are scripting languages that enable users to automate Windows tasks. These automation scripts can be used to perform a wide variety of actions, such as clicking on buttons, entering text, and opening and closing programs.(Citation: AutoIT)(Citation: AutoHotKey) Adversaries may use AHK (`.ahk`) and AutoIT (`.au3`) scripts to execute malicious code on a victim's system. For example, adversaries have used for AHK to execute payloads and other modular malware such as keyloggers. Adversaries have also used custom AHK files containing embedded malware as [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) payloads.(Citation: Splunk DarkGate) These scripts may also be compiled into self-contained executable payloads (`.exe`).(Citation: AutoIT)(Citation: AutoHotKey)
Near-miss passage: T1059.011 Lua. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Lua commands and scripts for execution. Lua is a cross-platform scripting and programming language primarily designed for embedded use in applications. Lua can be executed on the command-line (through the stand-alone lua interpreter), via scripts (<code>.lua</code>), or from Lua-embedded programs (through the <code>struct lua_State</code>).(Citation: Lua main page)(Citation: Lua state) Lua scripts may be executed by adversaries for malicious purposes. Adversaries may incorporate, abuse, or replace existing Lua interpreters to allow for malicious Lua command execution at runtime.(Citation: PoetRat Lua)(Citation: Lua Proofpoint Sunseed)(Citation: Cyphort EvilBunny)(Citation: Kaspersky Lua)
Query: vulnerability: The wp-business-intelligence-lite plugin before 1.6.3 for WordPress has SQL injection.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9326. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The wp-business-intelligence-lite plugin before 1.6.3 for WordPress has SQL injection.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4609. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the wt_directory extension before 1.4.2 for TYPO3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of wmic to start or stop a service. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Service Started/Stopped Via Wmic.EXE id: 0b7163dc-7eee-4960-af17-c0cd517f92da status: test description: Detects usage of wmic to start or stop a service references: - https://sushant747.gitbooks.io/total-oscp-guide/content/privilege_escalation_windows.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-20 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: wmic.exe - Image|endswith: \WMIC.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' service ' - ' call ' CommandLine|contains: - stopservice - startservice condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_wmic_service_manipulation/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of Xwizard tool from a non-default directory. When executed from a non-default directory, this uti. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Xwizard.EXE Execution From Non-Default Location id: 193d5ccd-6f59-40c6-b5b0-8e32d5ddd3d1 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of Xwizard tool from a non-default directory. When executed from a non-default directory, this utility can be abused in order to side load a custom version of "xwizards.dll". ' references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Xwizard/ - http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2017/07/31/the-wizard-of-x-oppa-plugx-style/ author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-09-20 modified: 2024-08-15 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \xwizard.exe - OriginalFileName: xwizard.exe filter_main_legit_location: Image|startswith: - C:\Windows\System32\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ - C:\Windows\WinSxS\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Windows installed on non-C drive level: high
Query: weakness Improper Handling of Inconsistent Special Elements
Matching passage: CWE-168 Improper Handling of Inconsistent Special Elements. The product does not properly handle input in which an inconsistency exists between two or more special characters or reserved words.
Near-miss passage: CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.
Query: detection rule: Detects MsiExec loading a DLL and calling its DllUnregisterServer function
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects MsiExec loading a DLL and calling its DllUnregisterServer function. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: DllUnregisterServer Function Call Via Msiexec.EXE id: 84f52741-8834-4a8c-a413-2eb2269aa6c8 status: test description: Detects MsiExec loading a DLL and calling its DllUnregisterServer function references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1218.007/T1218.007.md - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Msiexec/ - https://twitter.com/_st0pp3r_/status/1583914515996897281 author: frack113 date: 2022-04-24 modified: 2024-03-13 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.007 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \msiexec.exe - OriginalFileName: \msiexec.exe selection_flag: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -z ' selection_dll: CommandLine|contains: .dll condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects modifications to the "Hidden" and "ShowSuperHidden" explorer registry values in order to disable showing of hidd. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Displaying Hidden Files Feature Disabled id: 5a5152f1-463f-436b-b2f5-8eceb3964b42 status: test description: 'Detects modifications to the "Hidden" and "ShowSuperHidden" explorer registry values in order to disable showing of hidden files and system files. This technique is abused by several malware families to hide their files from normal users. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1564.001/T1564.001.md#atomic-test-8---hide-files-through-registry author: frack113 date: 2022-04-02 modified: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: - \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\ShowSuperHidden - \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Hidden Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: detection rule: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using Windows Media Player osksupport.dll (UACMe 32)
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using Windows Media Player osksupport.dll (UACMe 32). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: UAC Bypass Using Windows Media Player - Process id: 0058b9e5-bcd7-40d4-9205-95ca5a16d7b2 status: test description: Detects the pattern of UAC Bypass using Windows Media Player osksupport.dll (UACMe 32) references: - https://github.com/hfiref0x/UACME author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-08-23 modified: 2024-12-01 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img_1: Image: C:\Program Files\Windows Media Player\osk.exe selection_img_2: Image: C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe ParentCommandLine: '"C:\Windows\system32\mmc.exe" "C:\Windows\system32\eventvwr.msc" /s' selection_integrity: IntegrityLevel: - High - System - S-1-16-16384 - S-1-16-12288 condition: 1 of selection_img_* and selection_integrity falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Sysmon registry detection of a local hidden user account.. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Creation of a Local Hidden User Account by Registry id: 460479f3-80b7-42da-9c43-2cc1d54dbccd status: test description: Sysmon registry detection of a local hidden user account. references: - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1387530414185664538 author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-05-03 modified: 2025-10-31 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1136.001 logsource: product: windows category: registry_event detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names\ TargetObject|endswith: $\(Default) Image|endswith: \lsass.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_event/registry_event_add_local_hidden_user/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Create Hidden User in Registry technique: T1564.002 atomic_guid: 173126b7-afe4-45eb-8680-fa9f6400431c
Query: describe CVE-2015-2769
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2769. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the Personal Email Manager (PEM) in Websense TRITON AP-EMAIL before 8.0.0 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified victims via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2084. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Easy Social Icons plugin before 1.2.3 for WordPress allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via the image_file parameter in an edit action in the cnss_social_icon_add page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Query: EDR alert: possible Windows Command Shell (T1059.003)
Matching passage: T1059.003 Windows Command Shell. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. The command prompt can be invoked remotely via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004).(Citation: SSH in Windows) Batch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. Adversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads. Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.
Near-miss passage: T1059.009 Cloud API. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to execute malicious commands. APIs available in cloud environments provide various functionalities and are a feature-rich method for programmatic access to nearly all aspects of a tenant. These APIs may be utilized through various methods such as command line interpreters (CLIs), in-browser Cloud Shells, [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules like Azure for PowerShell(Citation: Microsoft - Azure PowerShell), or software developer kits (SDKs) available for languages such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006). Cloud API functionality may allow for administrative access across all major services in a tenant such as compute, storage, identity and access management (IAM), networking, and security policies. With proper permissions (often via use of credentials such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001) and [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), adversaries may abuse cloud APIs to invoke various functions that execute malicious actions. For example, CLI and PowerShell functionality may be accessed through binaries installed on cloud-hosted or on-premises hosts or accessed through a browser-based cloud shell offered by many cloud platforms (such as AWS, Azure, and GCP). These cloud shells are often a packaged unified environment to use CLI and/or scripting modules hosted as a container in the cloud environment.
Query: mitigate Shared Modules
Matching passage: T1129 Shared Modules. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may execute malicious payloads via loading shared modules. Shared modules are executable files that are loaded into processes to provide access to reusable code, such as specific custom functions or invoking OS API functions (i.e., [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106)). Adversaries may use this functionality as a way to execute arbitrary payloads on a victim system. For example, adversaries can modularize functionality of their malware into shared objects that perform various functions such as managing C2 network communications or execution of specific actions on objective. The Linux & macOS module loader can load and execute shared objects from arbitrary local paths. This functionality resides in `dlfcn.h` in functions such as `dlopen` and `dlsym`. Although macOS can execute `.so` files, common practice uses `.dylib` files.(Citation: Apple Dev Dynamic Libraries)(Citation: Linux Shared Libraries)(Citation: RotaJakiro 2021 netlab360 analysis)(Citation: Unit42 OceanLotus 2017) The Windows module loader can be instructed to load DLLs from arbitrary local paths and arbitrary Universal Naming Convention (UNC) network paths. This functionality resides in `NTDLL.dll` and is part of the Windows [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) which is called from functions like `LoadLibrary` at run time.(Citation: Microsoft DLL)
Near-miss passage: T1574.009 Path Interception by Unquoted Path. Tactics: stealth, execution. Description: Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking vulnerable file path references. Adversaries can take advantage of paths that lack surrounding quotations by placing an executable in a higher level directory within the path, so that Windows will choose the adversary's executable to launch. Service paths (Citation: Microsoft CurrentControlSet Services) and shortcut paths may also be vulnerable to path interception if the path has one or more spaces and is not surrounded by quotation marks (e.g., <code>C:\unsafe path with space\program.exe</code> vs. <code>"C:\safe path with space\program.exe"</code>). (Citation: Help eliminate unquoted path) (stored in Windows Registry keys) An adversary can place an executable in a higher level directory of the path, and Windows will resolve that executable instead of the intended executable. For example, if the path in a shortcut is <code>C:\program files\myapp.exe</code>, an adversary may create a program at <code>C:\program.exe</code> that will be run instead of the intended program. (Citation: Windows Unquoted Services) (Citation: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide) This technique can be used for persistence if executables are called on a regular basis, as well as privilege escalation if intercepted executables are started by a higher privileged process.
Query: persistence using Cloud Account
Matching passage: T1136.003 Cloud Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create a cloud account to maintain access to victim systems. With a sufficient level of access, such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that does not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.(Citation: Microsoft O365 Admin Roles)(Citation: Microsoft Support O365 Add Another Admin, October 2019)(Citation: AWS Create IAM User)(Citation: GCP Create Cloud Identity Users)(Citation: Microsoft Azure AD Users) In addition to user accounts, cloud accounts may be associated with services. Cloud providers handle the concept of service accounts in different ways. In Azure, service accounts include service principals and managed identities, which can be linked to various resources such as OAuth applications, serverless functions, and virtual machines in order to grant those resources permissions to perform various activities in the environment.(Citation: Microsoft Entra ID Service Principals) In GCP, service accounts can also be linked to specific resources, as well as be impersonated by other accounts for [Temporary Elevated Cloud Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/005).(Citation: GCP Service Accounts) While AWS has no specific concept of service accounts, resources can be directly granted permission to assume roles.(Citation: AWS Instance Profiles)(Citation: AWS Lambda Execution Role) Adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific cloud services, which can reduce the chance of detection. Once an adversary has created a cloud account, they can then manipulate that account to ensure persistence and allow access to additional resources - for example, by adding [Additional Cloud Credentials](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001) or assigning [Additional Cloud Roles](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/003).
Near-miss passage: T1136.002 Domain Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems. Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts. With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add /domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account.(Citation: Savill 1999) Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0776
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0776. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. telnetd in Cisco IOS XR 5.0.1 on Network Convergence System 6000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a malformed TELNET packet, aka Bug ID CSCuq31566.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8877. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. The gdImageScaleTwoPass function in gd_interpolation.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) before 2.2.0, as used in PHP before 5.6.12, uses inconsistent allocate and free approaches, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted call, as demonstrated by a call to the PHP imagescale function.
Query: Sigma YAML for kubernetes / application / audit
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when events are deleted in Kubernetes. An adversary may delete Kubernetes events in an attempt to evade detectio. Logsource: kubernetes / application / audit. Rule: title: Kubernetes Events Deleted id: 3132570d-cab2-4561-9ea6-1743644b2290 related: - id: 225d8b09-e714-479c-a0e4-55e6f29adf35 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects when events are deleted in Kubernetes. An adversary may delete Kubernetes events in an attempt to evade detection. ' references: - https://microsoft.github.io/Threat-Matrix-for-Kubernetes/techniques/Delete%20K8S%20events/ author: Leo Tsaousis (@laripping) date: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070 logsource: category: application product: kubernetes service: audit detection: selection: verb: delete objectRef.resource: events condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential tampering with Windows Defender settings such as adding exclusion using wmic. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Windows Defender Tampering Via Wmic.EXE id: 51cbac1e-eee3-4a90-b1b7-358efb81fa0a status: test description: Detects potential tampering with Windows Defender settings such as adding exclusion using wmic references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/5c1e6f1b4fafd01c8d1ece85f510160fc1275fbf/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/gootkit-malware-bypasses-windows-defender-by-setting-path-exclusions/ - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/iobit-forums-hacked-to-spread-ransomware-to-its-members/ author: frack113 date: 2022-12-11 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1047 - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: wmic.exe - Image|endswith: \WMIC.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: /Namespace:\\\\root\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Defender condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: WMIC Tamper with Windows Defender Evade Scanning Folder technique: T1562.001 atomic_guid: 59d386fc-3a4b-41b8-850d-9e3eee24dfe4 regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_wmic_namespace_defender/info.yml
Query: write Sigma for Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing wh
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing wh. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Python Function Execution Security Warning Disabled In Excel id: 023c654f-8f16-44d9-bb2b-00ff36a62af9 related: - id: 17e53739-a1fc-4a62-b1b9-87711c2d5e44 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects changes to the registry value "PythonFunctionWarnings" that would prevent any warnings or alerts from showing when Python functions are about to be executed. Threat actors could run malicious code through the new Microsoft Excel feature that allows Python to run within the spreadsheet. ' references: - https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/data-security-and-python-in-excel-33cc88a4-4a87-485e-9ff9-f35958278327 author: '@Kostastsale' date: 2023-08-22 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - \Microsoft\Office\ - \Excel\Security - PythonFunctionWarnings CommandLine|contains: ' 0' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious process related to rundll32 based on command line that includes a *.sys file as seen being used by UN. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Rundll32 Activity Invoking Sys File id: 731231b9-0b5d-4219-94dd-abb6959aa7ea status: test description: Detects suspicious process related to rundll32 based on command line that includes a *.sys file as seen being used by UNC2452 references: - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-03-05 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.011 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains: rundll32.exe selection2: CommandLine|contains: - .sys, - '.sys ' condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high