alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of The httpd package in fli4l before 3.10.1 and 4.0 before 2015-01-30 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1443. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The httpd package in fli4l before 3.10.1 and 4.0 before 2015-01-30 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5014. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. IBM Cognos Disclosure Management (CDM) 10.1.x and 10.2.x before 10.2.4 IF10 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to obtain access by spoofing an executable file during a client upload operation.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7548
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7548. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.5. OpenStack Compute (Nova) before 2015.1.3 (kilo) and 12.0.x before 12.0.1 (liberty), when using libvirt to spawn instances and use_cow_images is set to false, allow remote authenticated users to read arbitrary files by overwriting an instance disk with a crafted image and requesting a snapshot.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5878. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Notes in Apple OS X before 10.11 misparses links, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: incident response steps for Persistence mechanism resembling Traffic Signaling
Matching passage: Playbook for T1205 Traffic Signaling. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1205. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth, persistence, command and control. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characterist
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1205.001 Port Knocking. Different response path focused on stealth, persistence, command and control.
Query: vulnerability: Lenovo USB Enhanced Performance Keyboard software before 2.0.2.2 includes active debugging code in SKHOOKS.DLL, which allows local users to obtain keypress information by accessing
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3320. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Lenovo USB Enhanced Performance Keyboard software before 2.0.2.2 includes active debugging code in SKHOOKS.DLL, which allows local users to obtain keypress information by accessing debug output.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4503. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The TCP Socket API implementation in Mozilla Firefox before 41.0 mishandles array boundaries that were established with a navigator.mozTCPSocket.open method call and send method calls, which allows remote TCP servers to obtain sensitive information from process memory by reading packet data, as demonstrated by availability of this API in a Firefox OS application.
Query: secure coding against Suspicious Comment
Matching passage: CWE-546 Suspicious Comment. The code contains comments that suggest the presence of bugs, incomplete functionality, or weaknesses.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1351 Improper Handling of Hardware Behavior in Exceptionally Cold Environments. A hardware device, or the firmware running on it, is missing or has incorrect protection features to maintain goals of security primitives when the device is cooled below standard operating temperatures.
Query: risk of Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the agent in Symantec Workspace Streaming (SWS) 6.1 before SP8 MP2 HF7 and 7.5 before SP1 HF4, when AppMgrService.exe is configured as
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1484. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the agent in Symantec Workspace Streaming (SWS) 6.1 before SP8 MP2 HF7 and 7.5 before SP1 HF4, when AppMgrService.exe is configured as a service, allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse executable file in the %SYSTEMDRIVE% directory, as demonstrated by program.exe.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4798. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Technology Stack component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to DB Listener, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4839.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6117
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6117. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Microsoft SharePoint Server 2013 SP1 and SharePoint Foundation 2013 SP1 allow remote authenticated users to bypass intended Access Control Policy restrictions and conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks by modifying a webpart, aka "Microsoft SharePoint Security Feature Bypass," a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0011.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4657. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Mailbird 2.0.16.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via an e-mail message body with a crafted URL.
Query: detection engineering for Container and Resource Discovery
Matching passage: T1613 Container and Resource Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to discover containers and other resources that are available within a containers environment. Other resources may include images, deployments, pods, nodes, and other information such as the status of a cluster. These resources can be viewed within web applications such as the Kubernetes dashboard or can be queried via the Docker and Kubernetes APIs.(Citation: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API) In Docker, logs may leak information about the environment, such as the environment’s configuration, which services are available, and what cloud provider the victim may be utilizing. The discovery of these resources may inform an adversary’s next steps in the environment, such as how to perform lateral movement and which methods to utilize for execution.
Near-miss passage: T1619 Cloud Storage Object Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may enumerate objects in cloud storage infrastructure. Adversaries may use this information during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including requesting all or specific objects from cloud storage. Similar to [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) on a local host, after identifying available storage services (i.e. [Cloud Infrastructure Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1580)) adversaries may access the contents/objects stored in cloud infrastructure. Cloud service providers offer APIs allowing users to enumerate objects stored within cloud storage. Examples include ListObjectsV2 in AWS (Citation: ListObjectsV2) and List Blobs in Azure(Citation: List Blobs) .
Query: detection rule: Detects the use of NPPSpy hacktool that stores cleartext passwords of users that logged in to a local file
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of NPPSpy hacktool that stores cleartext passwords of users that logged in to a local file. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: HackTool - NPPSpy Hacktool Usage id: cad1fe90-2406-44dc-bd03-59d0b58fe722 status: test description: Detects the use of NPPSpy hacktool that stores cleartext passwords of users that logged in to a local file references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1003/T1003.md#atomic-test-2---credential-dumping-with-nppspy - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1465282548494487554 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-11-29 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: - \NPPSpy.txt - \NPPSpy.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Execution of plink to perform data exfiltration and tunneling. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential RDP Tunneling Via Plink id: f38ce0b9-5e97-4b47-a211-7dc8d8b871da related: - id: f7d7ebd5-a016-46e2-9c54-f9932f2d386d type: similar status: test description: Execution of plink to perform data exfiltration and tunneling references: - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/07/26/malicious-iis-extensions-quietly-open-persistent-backdoors-into-servers/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-04 modified: 2023-01-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1572 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_a: Image|endswith: \plink.exe CommandLine|contains: :127.0.0.1:3389 selection_b1: Image|endswith: \plink.exe CommandLine|contains: :3389 selection_b2: CommandLine|contains: - ' -P 443' - ' -P 22' condition: selection_a or all of selection_b* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-2027
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2027. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. IBM WebSphere eXtreme Scale 7.1.0 before 7.1.0.3 and 7.1.1 before 7.1.1.1 improperly performs logout actions, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging an unattended workstation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1458. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 3.0.0 allows local users to bypass intended restrictions and gain privileges by creating /tmp/privexec/dbgcore_enable_shell_access and executing the "shell" command.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2658
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2658. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the Web Cache component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11.1.1.7.0 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via vectors related to SSL/TLS Support.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8474. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Open redirect vulnerability in the valid_back_url function in app/controllers/application_controller.rb in Redmine before 2.6.7, 3.0.x before 3.0.5, and 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted back_url parameter, as demonstrated by "@attacker.com," a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-1985.
Query: detection rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "EACore.dll"
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "EACore.dll". Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential EACore.DLL Sideloading id: edd3ddc3-386f-4ba5-9ada-4376b2cfa7b5 status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "EACore.dll" references: - https://research.checkpoint.com/2023/beyond-the-horizon-traveling-the-world-on-camaro-dragons-usb-flash-drives/ author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-08-03 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \EACore.dll filter_main_legit_path: Image|contains|all: - C:\Program Files\Electronic Arts\EA Desktop\ - \EACoreServer.exe ImageLoaded|startswith: C:\Program Files\Electronic Arts\EA Desktop\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party utilities. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Compress Data and Lock With Password for Exfiltration With 7-ZIP id: 9fbf5927-5261-4284-a71d-f681029ea574 status: test description: An adversary may compress or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration using 3rd party utilities references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1560.001/T1560.001.md author: frack113 date: 2021-07-27 modified: 2026-06-05 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1560.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Description|contains: 7-Zip - Image|endswith: - \7z.exe - \7zr.exe - \7za.exe - OriginalFileName: - 7z.exe - 7za.exe - 7zr.exe selection_password: CommandLine|contains: ' -p' selection_action: CommandLine|contains: - ' a ' - ' u ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate activity is expected since compressing files with a password is common. level: medium
Query: exploit Cisco WebEx Meeting Center does not properly determine authorization for reading a host calendar, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by obtaining a list 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4209. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Cisco WebEx Meeting Center does not properly determine authorization for reading a host calendar, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by obtaining a list of all meetings and then sending a calendar request for each one, aka Bug ID CSCur23913.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4069. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The EdgeServiceImpl web service in Arcserve UDP before 5.0 Update 4 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive credentials via a crafted SOAP request to the (1) getBackupPolicy or (2) getBackupPolicies method.
Query: Outbound C2 pattern associated with Data from Removable Media
Matching passage: T1025 Data from Removable Media. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may search connected removable media on computers they have compromised to find files of interest. Sensitive data can be collected from any removable media (optical disk drive, USB memory, etc.) connected to the compromised system prior to Exfiltration. Interactive command shells may be in use, and common functionality within [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) may be used to gather information. Some adversaries may also use [Automated Collection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1119) on removable media.
Near-miss passage: T1114.001 Local Email Collection. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may target user email on local systems to collect sensitive information. Files containing email data can be acquired from a user’s local system, such as Outlook storage or cache files. Outlook stores data locally in offline data files with an extension of .ost. Outlook 2010 and later supports .ost file sizes up to 50GB, while earlier versions of Outlook support up to 20GB.(Citation: Outlook File Sizes) IMAP accounts in Outlook 2013 (and earlier) and POP accounts use Outlook Data Files (.pst) as opposed to .ost, whereas IMAP accounts in Outlook 2016 (and later) use .ost files. Both types of Outlook data files are typically stored in `C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Outlook Files` or `C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Outlook`.(Citation: Microsoft Outlook Files)
Query: vulnerability: The libxl toolstack library in Xen 4.1.x through 4.6.x does not properly release mappings of files used as kernels and initial ramdisks when managing multiple domains in the same p
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8341. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The libxl toolstack library in Xen 4.1.x through 4.6.x does not properly release mappings of files used as kernels and initial ramdisks when managing multiple domains in the same process, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (memory and disk consumption) by starting domains.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1667. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: exploit The mcopy function in softmagic.c in file 5.x, as used in the Fileinfo component in PHP before 5.4.40, 5.5.x before 5.5.24, and 5.6.x before 5.6.8, does not properly restrict a cer
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4605. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The mcopy function in softmagic.c in file 5.x, as used in the Fileinfo component in PHP before 5.4.40, 5.5.x before 5.5.24, and 5.6.x before 5.6.8, does not properly restrict a certain offset value, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted string that is mishandled by a "Python script text executable" rule.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2187. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. The dissect_atn_cpdlc_heur function in asn1/atn-cpdlc/packet-atn-cpdlc-template.c in the ATN-CPDLC dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.4 does not properly follow the TRY/ENDTRY code requirements, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted packet.
Query: write Sigma for Detects when a user manipulates with Firmward Password on MacOS. NOTE - this command has been disabled on silicon-based
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a user manipulates with Firmward Password on MacOS. NOTE - this command has been disabled on silicon-based. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious MacOS Firmware Activity id: 7ed2c9f7-c59d-4c82-a7e2-f859aa676099 status: test description: Detects when a user manipulates with Firmward Password on MacOS. NOTE - this command has been disabled on silicon-based apple computers. references: - https://github.com/usnistgov/macos_security/blob/932a51f3e819dd3e02ebfcf3ef433cfffafbe28b/rules/os/os_firmware_password_require.yaml - https://www.manpagez.com/man/8/firmwarepasswd/ - https://support.apple.com/guide/security/firmware-password-protection-sec28382c9ca/web author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-09-30 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact logsource: category: process_creation product: macos detection: selection1: Image: /usr/sbin/firmwarepasswd CommandLine|contains: - setpasswd - full - delete - check condition: selection1 falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects modifications to the "Hidden" and "ShowSuperHidden" explorer registry values in order to disable showing of hidd. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Displaying Hidden Files Feature Disabled id: 5a5152f1-463f-436b-b2f5-8eceb3964b42 status: test description: 'Detects modifications to the "Hidden" and "ShowSuperHidden" explorer registry values in order to disable showing of hidden files and system files. This technique is abused by several malware families to hide their files from normal users. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1564.001/T1564.001.md#atomic-test-8---hide-files-through-registry author: frack113 date: 2022-04-02 modified: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: - \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\ShowSuperHidden - \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Hidden Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: mitigate Hardware Additions
Matching passage: T1200 Hardware Additions. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may physically introduce computer accessories, networking hardware, or other computing devices into a system or network that can be used as a vector to gain access. Rather than just connecting and distributing payloads via removable storage (i.e. [Replication Through Removable Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1091)), more robust hardware additions can be used to introduce new functionalities and/or features into a system that can then be abused. While public references of usage by threat actors are scarce, many red teams/penetration testers leverage hardware additions for initial access. Commercial and open source products can be leveraged with capabilities such as passive network tapping, network traffic modification (i.e. [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557)), keystroke injection, kernel memory reading via DMA, addition of new wireless access points to an existing network, and others.(Citation: Ossmann Star Feb 2011)(Citation: Aleks Weapons Nov 2015)(Citation: Frisk DMA August 2016)(Citation: McMillan Pwn March 2012)
Near-miss passage: T1078.002 Domain Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of renamed version of PAExec. Often used by attackers. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed PAExec Execution id: c4e49831-1496-40cf-8ce1-b53f942b02f9 related: - id: 7b0666ad-3e38-4e3d-9bab-78b06de85f7b type: obsolete status: test description: Detects execution of renamed version of PAExec. Often used by attackers references: - https://www.poweradmin.com/paexec/ - https://summit.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/summit/cds-2018/presentations/cds18-technical-s05-att&cking-fin7.pdf author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jason Lynch date: 2021-05-22 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Description: PAExec Application - OriginalFileName: PAExec.exe - Product|contains: PAExec - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=11D40A7B7876288F919AB819CC2D9802 - IMPHASH=6444f8a34e99b8f7d9647de66aabe516 - IMPHASH=dfd6aa3f7b2b1035b76b718f1ddc689f - IMPHASH=1a6cca4d5460b1710a12dea39e4a592c filter_main_known_location: - Image|endswith: \paexec.exe - Image|startswith: C:\Windows\PAExec- condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Weird admins that rename their tools - Software companies that bundle PAExec with their software and rename it, so that it is less embarrassing - When executed with the "-s" flag. PAExec will copy itself to the "C:\Windows\" directory with a different name. Usually like this "PAExec-[XXXXX]-[ComputerName]" level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects TOKEN OBFUSCATION technique from Invoke-Obfuscation. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Powershell Token Obfuscation - Process Creation id: deb9b646-a508-44ee-b7c9-d8965921c6b6 related: - id: f3a98ce4-6164-4dd4-867c-4d83de7eca51 type: similar status: test description: Detects TOKEN OBFUSCATION technique from Invoke-Obfuscation references: - https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation author: frack113 date: 2022-12-27 modified: 2026-03-16 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.009 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - CommandLine|re: \w+`(?:\w+|-|.)`[\w+|\s] - CommandLine|re: '"(?:\{\d\})+"\s*-f' - CommandLine|re: (?i)\$\{`?e`?n`?v`?:`?p`?a`?t`?h`?\} filter_main_envpath: CommandLine|contains: ${env:path} condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6959
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6959. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Vindula 1.9.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7790. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on ASUS Japan WL-330NUL devices with firmware before 3.0.0.42 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.