alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: secure coding against Improper Null Termination
Matching passage: CWE-170 Improper Null Termination. The product does not terminate or incorrectly terminates a string or array with a null character or equivalent terminator.
Near-miss passage: CWE-204 Observable Response Discrepancy. The product provides different responses to incoming requests in a way that reveals internal state information to an unauthorized actor outside of the intended control sphere.
Query: risk of Race condition in the IPC object implementation in the Linux kernel through 4.2.3 allows local users to gain privileges by triggering an ipc_addid call that leads to uid and gid co
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7613. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Race condition in the IPC object implementation in the Linux kernel through 4.2.3 allows local users to gain privileges by triggering an ipc_addid call that leads to uid and gid comparisons against uninitialized data, related to msg.c, shm.c, and util.c.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6126. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Race condition in the Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) protocol implementation in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) via a crafted application, aka "Windows PGM UAF Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: risk of The WebRequest API implementation in extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_api.cc in Google Chrome before 45.0.2454.85 does not properly consider a request's source before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1297. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 7.5. The WebRequest API implementation in extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_api.cc in Google Chrome before 45.0.2454.85 does not properly consider a request's source before accepting the request, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a crafted (1) app or (2) extension.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7843. CWE: CWE-254. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The management interface on Huawei FusionServer rack servers RH2288 V3 with software before V100R003C00SPC603, RH2288H V3 with software before V100R003C00SPC503, XH628 V3 with software before V100R003C00SPC602, RH1288 V3 with software before V100R003C00SPC602, RH2288A V2 with software before V100R002C00SPC701, RH1288A V2 with software before V100R002C00SPC502, RH8100 V3 with software before V100R003C00SPC110, CH222 V3 with software before V100R001C00SPC161, CH220 V3 with software before V100R001C00SPC161, and CH121 V3 with software before V100R001C00SPC161 does not limit the number of query attempts, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain credentials of higher-level users via a brute force attack.
Query: write Sigma for Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Curl Change User Agents - Linux id: b86d356d-6093-443d-971c-9b07db583c68 related: - id: 3286d37a-00fd-41c2-a624-a672dcd34e60 type: derived status: test description: Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options references: - https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-15 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /curl CommandLine|contains: - ' -A ' - ' --user-agent ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Scripts created by developers and admins - Administrative activity level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries containing patterns associated with Kerberos coercion attacks via DNS object spoofing. The pattern ". Logsource: zeek / dns. Rule: title: Suspicious DNS Query Indicating Kerberos Coercion via DNS Object SPN Spoofing - Network id: 5588576c-5898-4fac-bcdd-7475a60e8f43 related: - id: b07e58cf-cacc-4135-8473-ccb2eba63dd2 type: similar - id: e7a21b5f-d8c4-4ae5-b8d9-93c5d3f28e1c type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects DNS queries containing patterns associated with Kerberos coercion attacks via DNS object spoofing. The pattern "1UWhRCAAAAA..BAAAA" is a base64-encoded signature that corresponds to a marshaled CREDENTIAL_TARGET_INFORMATION structure. Attackers can use this technique to coerce authentication from victim systems to attacker-controlled hosts. It is one of the strong indicators of a Kerberos coercion attack, where adversaries manipulate DNS records to spoof Service Principal Names (SPNs) and redirect authentication requests like CVE-2025-33073. ' references: - https://www.synacktiv.com/publications/ntlm-reflection-is-dead-long-live-ntlm-reflection-an-in-depth-analysis-of-cve-2025 - https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/10/using-kerberos-for-authentication-relay.html author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-06-20 tags: - attack.collection - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1557.001 - attack.t1187 logsource: product: zeek service: dns detection: selection: query|contains|all: - UWhRCA - BAAAA condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3640
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3640. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 7.5. phpMyBackupPro 2.5 and earlier does not properly escape the "." character in request parameters, which allows remote authenticated users with knowledge of a web-accessible and web-writeable directory on the target system to inject and execute arbitrary PHP scripts by injecting scripts via the path, filename, and dirs parameters to scheduled.php, and making requests to injected scripts.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5647. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.5. The RSS Reader component in Cybozu Garoon 3.x through 3.7.5 and 4.x through 4.0.3 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors, aka CyVDB-866.
Query: write Sigma for Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Attempt Using New NetworkProvider - REG id: 0442defa-b4a2-41c9-ae2c-ea7042fc4701 related: - id: baef1ec6-2ca9-47a3-97cc-4cf2bda10b77 type: similar status: test description: Detects when an attacker tries to add a new network provider in order to dump clear text credentials, similar to how the NPPSpy tool does it references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-client/setup-upgrade-and-drivers/network-provider-settings-removed-in-place-upgrade - https://github.com/gtworek/PSBits/tree/master/PasswordStealing/NPPSpy author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-23 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\ - \NetworkProvider filter: TargetObject|contains: - \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\WebClient\NetworkProvider - \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanWorkstation\NetworkProvider - \System\CurrentControlSet\Services\RDPNP\NetworkProvider filter_valid_procs: Image: C:\Windows\System32\poqexec.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter* falsepositives: - Other legitimate network providers used and not filtred in this rule level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects value modification of registry key containing path to binary used as screensaver.. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Path To Screensaver Binary Modified id: 67a6c006-3fbe-46a7-9074-2ba3b82c3000 status: test description: Detects value modification of registry key containing path to binary used as screensaver. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1546.002/T1546.002.md - https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/eset-gazer.pdf author: Bartlomiej Czyz @bczyz1, oscd.community date: 2020-10-11 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1546.002 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Control Panel\Desktop\SCRNSAVE.EXE filter: Image|endswith: - \rundll32.exe - \explorer.exe condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate modification of screensaver level: medium
Query: vulnerability: The akismet plugin before 3.1.5 for WordPress has XSS.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9357. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The akismet plugin before 3.1.5 for WordPress has XSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7363. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the advanced settings page in Fortinet FortiManager 5.x before 5.0.12 and 5.2.x before 5.2.3, in hardware models with a hard disk, and FortiAnalyzer 5.x before 5.0.13 and 5.2.x before 5.2.3 allows remote administrators to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors related to report filters.
Query: persistence using Re-opened Applications
Matching passage: T1547.007 Re-opened Applications. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may modify plist files to automatically run an application when a user logs in. When a user logs out or restarts via the macOS Graphical User Interface (GUI), a prompt is provided to the user with a checkbox to "Reopen windows when logging back in".(Citation: Re-Open windows on Mac) When selected, all applications currently open are added to a property list file named <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> within the <code>~/Library/Preferences/ByHost</code> directory.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)(Citation: Wardle Persistence Chapter) Applications listed in this file are automatically reopened upon the user’s next logon. Adversaries can establish [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003) by adding a malicious application path to the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.[UUID].plist</code> file to execute payloads when a user logs in.
Near-miss passage: T1547.008 LSASS Driver. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may modify or add LSASS drivers to obtain persistence on compromised systems. The Windows security subsystem is a set of components that manage and enforce the security policy for a computer or domain. The Local Security Authority (LSA) is the main component responsible for local security policy and user authentication. The LSA includes multiple dynamic link libraries (DLLs) associated with various other security functions, all of which run in the context of the LSA Subsystem Service (LSASS) lsass.exe process.(Citation: Microsoft Security Subsystem) Adversaries may target LSASS drivers to obtain persistence. By either replacing or adding illegitimate drivers (e.g., [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574)), an adversary can use LSA operations to continuously execute malicious payloads.
Query: risk of Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the print_language_selectbox function in classes/adminpage.inc.php in Saurus CMS Community Edition before 4.7 2015-02-04 allo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0876. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the print_language_selectbox function in classes/adminpage.inc.php in Saurus CMS Community Edition before 4.7 2015-02-04 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6061. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Microsoft Skype for Business 2016, Lync 2010 and 2013 SP1, Lync 2010 Attendee, and Lync Room System allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via an instant-message session, aka "Server Input Validation Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
Query: detection engineering for Windows Host Firewall
Matching passage: T1686.003 Windows Host Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify the Windows host firewall to bypass controls limiting network usage. This can include disabling the Windows host firewall entirely, suppressing specific profiles (domain, private, public), or adding, deleting, and modifying firewall rules to allow or restrict traffic.(Citation: Nearest Neighbor Volexity) Adversaries may perform these modifications through multiple mechanisms depending on the Windows operating system and access level. For example, adversaries may use command-line utilities (e.g., `netsh advfirewall` or PowerShell cmdlets like `Set-NetFirewallProfile`, `New-NetFirewallRule`), Windows Registry modifications (e.g., altering firewall states and rule configurations via registry keys), or the Windows Control Panel to modify firewall settings through the Windows Security interface. By disabling or modifying Windows firewall services, adversaries may enable access to remote services, open ports for command and control traffic, or configure rules for further actions.
Near-miss passage: T1686.001 Cloud Firewall. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may disable or modify a firewall within a cloud environment to bypass controls that limit access to cloud resources. Cloud environments typically utilize restrictive security groups and firewall rules that only allow network activity from trusted IP addresses via expected ports and protocols. An adversary with appropriate permissions may introduce new firewall rules or policies to allow access into a victim cloud environment and/or move laterally from the cloud control plane to the data plane. For example, an adversary may use a script or utility that creates new ingress rules in existing security groups (or creates new security groups entirely) to allow any TCP/IP connectivity to a cloud-hosted instance. They may also remove networking limitations to support traffic associated with malicious activity (such as cryptomining).(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Compromised Cloud Compute Credentials 2022)(Citation: Expel AWS)
Query: incident response steps for EDR alert: possible Malware (T1588.001)
Matching passage: Playbook for T1588.001 Malware. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1588.001. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: resource development. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors. In addition to download
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1588.003 Code Signing Certificates. Different response path focused on resource development.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1450
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1450. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Restaurant Biller allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cid parameter in a category action to index.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2564. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in client-edit.php in ProjectSend (formerly cFTP) r561 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter to users-edit.php.
Query: detection rule: Detects Commandlet names from ShellIntel exploitation scripts.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Commandlet names from ShellIntel exploitation scripts.. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Malicious ShellIntel PowerShell Commandlets id: 402e1e1d-ad59-47b6-bf80-1ee44985b3a7 status: test description: Detects Commandlet names from ShellIntel exploitation scripts. references: - https://github.com/Shellntel/scripts/ author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems), Tobias Michalski (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-08-09 modified: 2023-01-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: - Invoke-SMBAutoBrute - Invoke-GPOLinks - Invoke-Potato condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the abuse of custom file open handler, executing powershell. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Custom File Open Handler Executes PowerShell id: 7530b96f-ad8e-431d-a04d-ac85cc461fdc status: test description: Detects the abuse of custom file open handler, executing powershell references: - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2022/02/01/solarmarker-campaign-used-novel-registry-changes-to-establish-persistence/?cmp=30728 author: CD_R0M_ date: 2022-06-11 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: shell\open\command\ Details|contains|all: - powershell - -command condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: detect Detects the use of PSAttack PowerShell hack tool in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of PSAttack PowerShell hack tool. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: PowerShell PSAttack id: b7ec41a4-042c-4f31-a5db-d0fcde9fa5c5 status: test description: Detects the use of PSAttack PowerShell hack tool references: - https://adsecurity.org/?p=2921 author: Sean Metcalf (source), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-05 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection: ScriptBlockText|contains: PS ATTACK!!! condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when the a stored procedure is set or cleared for automatic execution in MSSQL. A stored procedure that is set t. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: MSSQL SPProcoption Set id: b3d57a5c-c92e-4b48-9a79-5f124b7cf964 status: test description: Detects when the a stored procedure is set or cleared for automatic execution in MSSQL. A stored procedure that is set to automatic execution runs every time an instance of SQL Server is started references: - https://www.netspi.com/blog/technical/network-penetration-testing/sql-server-persistence-part-1-startup-stored-procedures/ - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/sp-procoption-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-13 modified: 2024-06-26 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: product: windows service: application definition: 'Requirements: MSSQL audit policy to monitor for "sp_procoption" must be enabled in order to receive this event in the application log' detection: selection: Provider_Name|contains: MSSQL EventID: 33205 Data|contains|all: - object_name:sp_procoption - statement:EXEC condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the feature by administrators (rare) level: high
Query: Sigma rule for Detects suspicious patterns in program names or folders that are often found in malicious samples or hacktools
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious patterns in program names or folders that are often found in malicious samples or hacktools. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Program Names id: efdd8dd5-cee8-4e59-9390-7d4d5e4dd6f6 status: test description: Detects suspicious patterns in program names or folders that are often found in malicious samples or hacktools references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1560.001/T1560.001.md author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-02-11 modified: 2023-03-22 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_image: - Image|contains: - \CVE-202 - \CVE202 - Image|endswith: - \poc.exe - \artifact.exe - \artifact64.exe - \artifact_protected.exe - \artifact32.exe - \artifact32big.exe - obfuscated.exe - obfusc.exe - \meterpreter selection_commandline: CommandLine|contains: - inject.ps1 - Invoke-CVE - pupy.ps1 - payload.ps1 - beacon.ps1 - PowerView.ps1 - bypass.ps1 - obfuscated.ps1 - obfusc.ps1 - obfus.ps1 - obfs.ps1 - evil.ps1 - MiniDogz.ps1 - _enc.ps1 - \shell.ps1 - \rshell.ps1 - revshell.ps1 - \av.ps1 - \av_test.ps1 - adrecon.ps1 - mimikatz.ps1 - \PowerUp_ - powerup.ps1 - \Temp\a.ps1 - \Temp\p.ps1 - \Temp\1.ps1 - Hound.ps1 - encode.ps1 - powercat.ps1 condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate tools that accidentally match on the searched patterns level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: This the exploitation of a NTFS vulnerability as reported without many details via Twitter. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: NTFS Vulnerability Exploitation id: f14719ce-d3ab-4e25-9ce6-2899092260b0 status: test description: This the exploitation of a NTFS vulnerability as reported without many details via Twitter references: - https://twitter.com/jonasLyk/status/1347900440000811010 - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1347958161609809921 - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/windows-10-bug-corrupts-your-hard-drive-on-seeing-this-files-icon/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-01-11 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1499.001 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Ntfs EventID: 55 Origin: File System Driver Description|contains|all: - contains a corrupted file record - The name of the file is "\" condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high