alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for Malvertising activity
Matching passage: T1583.008 Malvertising. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may purchase online advertisements that can be abused to distribute malware to victims. Ads can be purchased to plant as well as favorably position artifacts in specific locations online, such as prominently placed within search engine results. These ads may make it more difficult for users to distinguish between actual search results and advertisements.(Citation: spamhaus-malvertising) Purchased ads may also target specific audiences using the advertising network’s capabilities, potentially further taking advantage of the trust inherently given to search engines and popular websites. Adversaries may purchase ads and other resources to help distribute artifacts containing malicious code to victims. Purchased ads may attempt to impersonate or spoof well-known brands. For example, these spoofed ads may trick victims into clicking the ad which could then send them to a malicious domain that may be a clone of official websites containing trojanized versions of the advertised software.(Citation: Masquerads-Guardio)(Citation: FBI-search) Adversary’s efforts to create malicious domains and purchase advertisements may also be automated at scale to better resist cleanup efforts.(Citation: sentinelone-malvertising) Malvertising may be used to support [Drive-by Target](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004) and [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), potentially requiring limited interaction from the user if the ad contains code/exploits that infect the target system's web browser.(Citation: BBC-malvertising) Adversaries may also employ several techniques to evade detection by the advertising network. For example, adversaries may dynamically route ad clicks to send automated crawler/policy enforcer traffic to benign sites while validating potential targets then sending victims referred from real ad clicks to malicious pages. This infection vector may therefore remain hidden from the ad network as well as any visitor not reaching th
Near-miss passage: T1583.002 DNS Server. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations. By running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)
Query: actor TTPs: Steganography
Matching passage: T1027.003 Steganography. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use steganography techniques in order to prevent the detection of hidden information. Steganographic techniques can be used to hide data in digital media such as images, audio tracks, video clips, or text files. [Duqu](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0038) was an early example of malware that used steganography. It encrypted the gathered information from a victim's system and hid it within an image before exfiltrating the image to a C2 server.(Citation: Wikipedia Duqu) By the end of 2017, a threat group used <code>Invoke-PSImage</code> to hide [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) commands in an image file (.png) and execute the code on a victim's system. In this particular case the [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) code downloaded another obfuscated script to gather intelligence from the victim's machine and communicate it back to the adversary.(Citation: McAfee Malicious Doc Targets Pyeongchang Olympics)
Near-miss passage: T1027.008 Stripped Payloads. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to make a payload difficult to analyze by removing symbols, strings, and other human readable information. Scripts and executables may contain variables names and other strings that help developers document code functionality. Symbols are often created by an operating system’s `linker` when executable payloads are compiled. Reverse engineers use these symbols and strings to analyze code and to identify functionality in payloads.(Citation: Mandiant golang stripped binaries explanation)(Citation: intezer stripped binaries elf files 2018) Adversaries may use stripped payloads in order to make malware analysis more difficult. For example, compilers and other tools may provide features to remove or obfuscate strings and symbols. Adversaries have also used stripped payload formats, such as run-only AppleScripts, a compiled and stripped version of [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002), to evade detection and analysis. The lack of human-readable information may directly hinder detection and analysis of payloads.(Citation: SentinelLabs reversing run-only applescripts 2021)
Query: vulnerability: FreeIPA might display user data improperly via vectors involving non-printable characters.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5179. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. FreeIPA might display user data improperly via vectors involving non-printable characters.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6934. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Serialized-object interfaces in VMware vRealize Orchestrator 6.x, vCenter Orchestrator 5.x, vRealize Operations 6.x, vCenter Operations 5.x, and vCenter Application Discovery Manager (vADM) 7.x allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted serialized Java object, related to the Apache Commons Collections library.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2314
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2314. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the WPML plugin before 3.1.9 for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the lang parameter in the HTTP Referer header in a wp-link-ajax action to comments/feed.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1000003. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Blind SQL Injection in filedownload v1.4 wordpress plugin
Query: vulnerability: Unspecified vulnerability in the IBM Maximo Anywhere application 7.5.1 through 7.5.1.2 for Android allows attackers to bypass a passcode protection mechanism and obtain sensitive i
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4945. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the IBM Maximo Anywhere application 7.5.1 through 7.5.1.2 for Android allows attackers to bypass a passcode protection mechanism and obtain sensitive information via a crafted application.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3236. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. cURL and libcurl 7.40.0 through 7.42.1 send the HTTP Basic authentication credentials for a previous connection when reusing a reset (curl_easy_reset) connection handle to send a request to the same host name, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: alert when Detects uncommon network connections to the Active Directory Web Services (ADWS) from processes not typically associated
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects uncommon network connections to the Active Directory Web Services (ADWS) from processes not typically associated. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Uncommon Connection to Active Directory Web Services id: b3ad3c0f-c949-47a1-a30e-b0491ccae876 status: test description: 'Detects uncommon network connections to the Active Directory Web Services (ADWS) from processes not typically associated with ADWS management. ' references: - https://medium.com/falconforce/soaphound-tool-to-collect-active-directory-data-via-adws-165aca78288c - https://github.com/FalconForceTeam/FalconFriday/blob/a9219dfcfd89836f34660223f47d766982bdce46/Discovery/ADWS_Connection_from_Unexpected_Binary-Win.md author: '@kostastsale' date: 2024-01-26 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1087 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Initiated: true DestinationPort: 9389 filter_main_dsac: Image: C:\Windows\system32\dsac.exe filter_main_ms_monitoring_agent: Image: C:\Program Files\Microsoft Monitoring Agent\ filter_main_powershell: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7-preview\pwsh.ex - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - ADWS is used by a number of legitimate applications that need to interact with Active Directory. These applications should be added to the allow-listing to avoid false positives. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects powershell script installed as a Service. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: PowerShell Scripts Installed as Services - Security id: 2a926e6a-4b81-4011-8a96-e36cc8c04302 related: - id: a2e5019d-a658-4c6a-92bf-7197b54e2cae type: derived status: test description: Detects powershell script installed as a Service references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse author: oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2022-11-29 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1569.002 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The 'System Security Extension' audit subcategory need to be enabled to log the EID 4697 detection: selection: EventID: 4697 ServiceFileName|contains: - powershell - pwsh condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit SAP HANA Database 1.00 SPS10 and earlier do not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or have unspecified other impact via a TrexNet packe
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7828. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 10.0. SAP HANA Database 1.00 SPS10 and earlier do not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or have unspecified other impact via a TrexNet packet to the (1) fcopydir, (2) fmkdir, (3) frmdir, (4) getenv, (5) dumpenv, (6) fcopy, (7) fput, (8) fdel, (9) fmove, (10) fget, (11) fappend, (12) fdir, (13) getTraces, (14) kill, (15) pexec, (16) stop, or (17) pythonexec method, aka SAP Security Note 2165583.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8899. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Dnsmasq before 2.76 allows remote servers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a reply with an empty DNS address that has an (1) A or (2) AAAA record defined locally.
Query: explain CWE-638
Matching passage: CWE-638 Not Using Complete Mediation. The product does not perform access checks on a resource every time the resource is accessed by an entity, which can create resultant weaknesses if that entity's rights or privileges change over time.
Near-miss passage: CWE-943 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic. The product generates a query intended to access or manipulate data in a data store such as a database, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that can modify the intended logic of the query.
Query: vulnerability: ipa-kra-install in FreeIPA before 4.2.2 puts the CA agent certificate and private key in /etc/httpd/alias/kra-agent.pem, which is world readable.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5284. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. ipa-kra-install in FreeIPA before 4.2.2 puts the CA agent certificate and private key in /etc/httpd/alias/kra-agent.pem, which is world readable.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5383. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Roundcube Webmail 1.1.x before 1.1.2 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading files in the (1) config, (2) temp, or (3) logs directory.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3274
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3274. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the user_get_user_details function in user/lib.php in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.9, 2.8.x before 2.8.7, and 2.9.x before 2.9.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML by leveraging absence of an external_format_text call in a web service.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9416. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The sitepress-multilingual-cms (WPML) plugin 2.9.3 to 3.2.6 for WordPress has XSS via the Accept-Language HTTP header.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-9416
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9416. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The sitepress-multilingual-cms (WPML) plugin 2.9.3 to 3.2.6 for WordPress has XSS via the Accept-Language HTTP header.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1394. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Photo Gallery plugin before 1.2.11 for WordPress allow remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) sort_by, (2) sort_order, (3) items_view, (4) dir, (5) clipboard_task, (6) clipboard_files, (7) clipboard_src, or (8) clipboard_dest parameters in an addImages action to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3091. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 17.0.0.172 do not properly restrict discovery of memory addresses, which allows attackers to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3092.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3412. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. PHP before 5.4.40, 5.5.x before 5.5.24, and 5.6.x before 5.6.8 does not ensure that pathnames lack %00 sequences, which might allow remote attackers to read arbitrary files via crafted input to an application that calls the stream_resolve_include_path function in ext/standard/streamsfuncs.c, as demonstrated by a filename\0.extension attack that bypasses an intended configuration in which client users may read files with only one specific extension.
Query: risk of In Resource Power Manager (RPM) in all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, an Improper Access Control vulnerability could potentially exist.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9006. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. In Resource Power Manager (RPM) in all Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, an Improper Access Control vulnerability could potentially exist.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8973. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 8.300000190734863. xmlhttp.php in MyBB (aka MyBulletinBoard) before 1.6.18 and 1.8.x before 1.8.6 and MyBB Merge System before 1.8.6 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via vectors related to the forum password.
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.277 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.134 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.451 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or caus
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0332. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.277 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.134 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.451 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0333, CVE-2015-0335, and CVE-2015-0339.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2565. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Installed Base component in Oracle E-Business Suite 11.5.10.2, 12.0.4, 12.0.6, 12.1.1, 12.1.2, and 12.1.3 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Create Item Instance.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-3736
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3736. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and Safari before 6.2.8, 7.x before 7.1.8, and 8.x before 8.0.8, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-08-13-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5125. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to cause a denial of service (vector-length corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / file_event
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of the "PSScriptPolicyTest" PowerShell script by an uncommon process. This file is usually generate. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: PSScriptPolicyTest Creation By Uncommon Process id: 1027d292-dd87-4a1a-8701-2abe04d7783c status: test description: Detects the creation of the "PSScriptPolicyTest" PowerShell script by an uncommon process. This file is usually generated by Microsoft Powershell to test against Applocker. references: - https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/security-operations/stopping-powershell-without-powershell/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-01 modified: 2026-07-28 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: __PSScriptPolicyTest_ filter_main_powershell: Image: - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7-preview\pwsh.exe - C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell_ise.exe - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell_ise.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe filter_main_pwsh_preview: Image|contains: - C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Microsoft.PowerShellPreview - \AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\Microsoft.PowerShellPreview Image|endswith: \pwsh.exe filter_main_generic: Image: - C:\Windows\System32\dsac.exe - C:\Windows\System32\sdiagnhost.exe - C:\Windows\System32\ServerManager.exe - C:\Windows\System32\wsmprovhost.exe - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sdiagnhost.exe filter_optional_gethelp: Image|startswith: C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Microsoft.GetHelp_ Image|endswith: \GetHelp.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious powershell process starts with base64 encoded commands (e.g. Emotet). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Encoded PowerShell Command Line id: ca2092a1-c273-4878-9b4b-0d60115bf5ea status: test description: Detects suspicious powershell process starts with base64 encoded commands (e.g. Emotet) references: - https://app.any.run/tasks/6217d77d-3189-4db2-a957-8ab239f3e01e author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Markus Neis, Jonhnathan Ribeiro, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Anton Kutepov, oscd.community date: 2018-09-03 modified: 2023-04-06 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll selection_cli_enc: CommandLine|contains: ' -e' selection_cli_content: CommandLine|contains: - ' JAB' - ' SUVYI' - ' SQBFAFgA' - ' aQBlAHgA' - ' aWV4I' - ' IAA' - ' IAB' - ' UwB' - ' cwB' selection_standalone: CommandLine|contains: - '.exe -ENCOD ' - ' BA^J e-' filter_optional_remote_signed: CommandLine|contains: ' -ExecutionPolicy remotesigned ' condition: selection_img and (all of selection_cli_* or selection_standalone) and not 1 of filter_optional_* level: high
Query: vulnerability: Malicious file execution vulnerability in Intel Security McAfee Security Scan+ (MSS+) before 3.11.266.3 allows attackers to make the product momentarily vulnerable via executing pr
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8991. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.0. Malicious file execution vulnerability in Intel Security McAfee Security Scan+ (MSS+) before 3.11.266.3 allows attackers to make the product momentarily vulnerable via executing preexisting specifically crafted malware during installation or uninstallation, but not during normal operation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6348. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. The report-generation web interface in the Solution Engine in Cisco Secure Access Control Server (ACS) 5.7(0.15) allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended RBAC restrictions, and read report or status information, by visiting an unspecified web page.
Query: describe CVE-2015-4514
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4514. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5924. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The OpenGL implementation in Apple iOS before 9.1 and OS X before 10.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6474
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6474. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. IBC Solar ServeMaster TLP+ and Danfoss TLX Pro+ allow remote attackers to discover cleartext passwords by reading HTML source code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0777. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. drivers/xen/usbback/usbback.c in linux-2.6.18-xen-3.4.0 (aka the Xen 3.4.x support patches for the Linux kernel 2.6.18), as used in the Linux kernel 2.6.x and 3.x in SUSE Linux distributions, allows guest OS users to obtain sensitive information from uninitialized locations in host OS kernel memory via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-10060
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10060. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability was found in MNBikeways database and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file Data/views.py. The manipulation of the argument id1/id2 leads to sql injection. The identifier of the patch is 829a027aca7c17f5a7ec1addca8dd5d5542f86ac. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-218417 was assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8377. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs_save function in graphs_new.php in Cacti 0.8.8f and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via crafted serialized data in the selected_graphs_array parameter in a save action.
Query: describe CVE-2015-5108
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5108. CWE: CWE-190. CVSS: 10.0. Integer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5097 and CVE-2015-5109.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2519. CWE: CWE-190. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Integer overflow in Windows Journal in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted .jnt file, aka "Windows Journal Integer Overflow RCE Vulnerability."