alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: mitigate PowerShell Profile
Matching passage: T1546.013 PowerShell Profile. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles. A PowerShell profile (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments. [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program. For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer. (Citation: Microsoft About Profiles) Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence. Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched. (Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019) An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator. (Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles)
Near-miss passage: T1546.002 Screensaver. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by user inactivity. Screensavers are programs that execute after a configurable time of user inactivity and consist of Portable Executable (PE) files with a .scr file extension.(Citation: Wikipedia Screensaver) The Windows screensaver application scrnsave.scr is located in <code>C:\Windows\System32\</code>, and <code>C:\Windows\sysWOW64\</code> on 64-bit Windows systems, along with screensavers included with base Windows installations. The following screensaver settings are stored in the Registry (<code>HKCU\Control Panel\Desktop\</code>) and could be manipulated to achieve persistence: * <code>SCRNSAVE.exe</code> - set to malicious PE path * <code>ScreenSaveActive</code> - set to '1' to enable the screensaver * <code>ScreenSaverIsSecure</code> - set to '0' to not require a password to unlock * <code>ScreenSaveTimeout</code> - sets user inactivity timeout before screensaver is executed Adversaries can use screensaver settings to maintain persistence by setting the screensaver to run malware after a certain timeframe of user inactivity.(Citation: ESET Gazer Aug 2017)
Query: exploit Directory traversal vulnerability in Novius OS 5.0.1 (Elche) allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the tab parameter to admin/.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5353. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. Directory traversal vulnerability in Novius OS 5.0.1 (Elche) allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the tab parameter to admin/.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1834. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.5. A path traversal vulnerability was identified in the Cloud Foundry component Cloud Controller that affects cf-release versions prior to v208 and Pivotal Cloud Foundry Elastic Runtime versions prior to 1.4.2. Path traversal is the 'outbreak' of a given directory structure through relative file paths in the user input. It aims at accessing files and directories that are stored outside the web root folder, for disallowed reading or even executing arbitrary system commands. An attacker could use a certain parameter of the file path for instance to inject '../' sequences in order to navigate through the file system. In this particular case a remote authenticated attacker can exploit the identified vulnerability in order to upload arbitrary files to the server running a Cloud Controller instance - outside the isolated application container.
Query: SOC runbook when seeing Multiple failed authentications followed by SNMP (MIB Dump)
Matching passage: Playbook for T1602.001 SNMP (MIB Dump). 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1602.001. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: collection. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may target the Management Information Base (MIB) to collect and/or mine valuable information in a network managed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The MIB is a configuration repository that stores variable information accessible via SNMP in the form of object identifiers (OID). Each OID identifies a variable that can be read or set and permits active management tasks, s
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1602.002 Network Device Configuration Dump. Different response path focused on collection.
Query: exploit CFNetwork in Apple iOS before 9 relies on the hardware UID for its cache encryption key, which makes it easier for physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information by
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5898. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. CFNetwork in Apple iOS before 9 relies on the hardware UID for its cache encryption key, which makes it easier for physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information by obtaining this UID.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5576. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.241 and 19.x before 19.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.521 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.190, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.190, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.190 do not properly restrict discovery of memory addresses, which allows attackers to bypass the ASLR protection mechanism via unspecified vectors.
Query: detect Detects DLL sideloading of "dbgcore.dll" in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DLL sideloading of "dbgcore.dll". Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential DLL Sideloading Of DBGCORE.DLL id: 9ca2bf31-0570-44d8-a543-534c47c33ed7 status: test description: Detects DLL sideloading of "dbgcore.dll" references: - https://hijacklibs.net/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Wietze Beukema (project and research) date: 2022-10-25 modified: 2025-10-06 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \dbgcore.dll filter_main_generic: ImageLoaded|startswith: - C:\Program Files (x86)\ - C:\Program Files\ - C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\ - C:\Windows\System32\ - C:\Windows\SystemTemp\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ - C:\Windows\WinSxS\ filter_optional_steam: ImageLoaded|endswith: \Steam\bin\cef\cef.win7x64\dbgcore.dll filter_optional_opera: ImageLoaded|contains: opera\Opera Installer Temp\opera_package ImageLoaded|endswith: \assistant\dbgcore.dll condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Legitimate applications loading their own versions of the DLL mentioned in this rule level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious execution of 'Powercfg.exe' to change lock screen timeout. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Powercfg Execution To Change Lock Screen Timeout id: f8d6a15e-4bc8-4c27-8e5d-2b10f0b73e5b status: test description: Detects suspicious execution of 'Powercfg.exe' to change lock screen timeout references: - https://blogs.vmware.com/security/2022/11/batloader-the-evasive-downloader-malware.html - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/device-experiences/powercfg-command-line-options author: frack113 date: 2022-11-18 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_power: - Image|endswith: \powercfg.exe - OriginalFileName: PowerCfg.exe selection_standby: - CommandLine|contains|all: - '/setacvalueindex ' - SCHEME_CURRENT - SUB_VIDEO - VIDEOCONLOCK - CommandLine|contains|all: - '-change ' - -standby-timeout- condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2192
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2192. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 5.0. Integer overflow in the dissect_osd2_cdb_continuation function in epan/dissectors/packet-scsi-osd.c in the SCSI OSD dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted length field in a packet.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3809. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The dissect_lbmr_pser function in epan/dissectors/packet-lbmr.c in the LBMR dissector in Wireshark 1.12.x before 1.12.5 does not properly track the current offset, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted packet.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / image_load
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "libcurl.dll" by the "gup.exe" process from an uncommon location. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Potential DLL Sideloading Of Libcurl.DLL Via GUP.EXE id: e49b5745-1064-4ac1-9a2e-f687bc2dd37e status: test description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "libcurl.dll" by the "gup.exe" process from an uncommon location references: - https://labs.withsecure.com/publications/fin7-target-veeam-servers author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-05 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \gup.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: \libcurl.dll filter_main_notepad_plusplus: Image|endswith: \Notepad++\updater\GUP.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects an attempt to terminate a process via "wmic" with the "call terminate" flag. Adversaries may use wmic to termina. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Application Termination Attempt via Wmic.EXE id: 49d9671b-0a0a-4c09-8280-d215bfd30662 related: - id: 847d5ff3-8a31-4737-a970-aeae8fe21765 type: derived status: test description: 'Detects an attempt to terminate a process via "wmic" with the "call terminate" flag. Adversaries may use wmic to terminate security products or other applications on the compromised host. This event is triggered on on attempt and process creation can be either successful or unsuccessful. ' references: - https://cyble.com/blog/lockfile-ransomware-using-proxyshell-attack-to-deploy-ransomware/ - https://www.bitdefender.com/files/News/CaseStudies/study/377/Bitdefender-Whitepaper-WMI-creat4871-en-EN-GenericUse.pdf author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-09-11 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \WMIC.exe - OriginalFileName: wmic.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - call - terminate condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_wmic_terminate_application/info.yml
Query: rule covering Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating to target systems on TCP port 80 or 443
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating to target systems on TCP port 80 or 443. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: RDP to HTTP or HTTPS Target Ports id: b1e5da3b-ca8e-4adf-915c-9921f3d85481 status: test description: Detects svchost hosting RDP termsvcs communicating to target systems on TCP port 80 or 443 references: - https://twitter.com/tekdefense/status/1519711183162556416?s=12&t=OTsHCBkQOTNs1k3USz65Zg - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/bypassing-network-restrictions-through-rdp-tunneling author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-04-29 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1572 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.001 - car.2013-07-002 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \svchost.exe Initiated: 'true' SourcePort: 3389 DestinationPort: - 80 - 443 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects different hacktools used for relay attacks on Windows for privilege escalation. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential SMB Relay Attack Tool Execution id: 5589ab4f-a767-433c-961d-c91f3f704db1 status: test description: Detects different hacktools used for relay attacks on Windows for privilege escalation references: - https://foxglovesecurity.com/2016/09/26/rotten-potato-privilege-escalation-from-service-accounts-to-system/ - https://pentestlab.blog/2017/04/13/hot-potato/ - https://github.com/ohpe/juicy-potato - https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/other/war-stories/domain-admin-in-30-minutes - https://hunter2.gitbook.io/darthsidious/execution/responder-with-ntlm-relay-and-empire - https://www.localpotato.com/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-07-24 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.collection - attack.execution - attack.credential-access - attack.t1557.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_pe: Image|contains: - PetitPotam - RottenPotato - HotPotato - JuicyPotato - \just_dce_ - Juicy Potato - \temp\rot.exe - \Potato.exe - \SpoolSample.exe - \Responder.exe - \smbrelayx - \ntlmrelayx - \LocalPotato selection_script: CommandLine|contains: - Invoke-Tater - ' smbrelay' - ' ntlmrelay' - 'cme smb ' - ' /ntlm:NTLMhash ' - Invoke-PetitPotam - '.exe -t * -p ' selection_juicypotato_enum: CommandLine|contains: .exe -c "{ CommandLine|endswith: '}" -z' filter_hotpotatoes: Image|contains: - HotPotatoes6 - HotPotatoes7 - 'HotPotatoes ' condition: 1 of selection_* and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Legitimate files with these rare hacktool names level: critical
Query: alert when Detects suspicious rules that delete or move messages or folders are set on a user's inbox.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious rules that delete or move messages or folders are set on a user's inbox.. Logsource: azure / riskdetection. Rule: title: Suspicious Inbox Manipulation Rules id: ceb55fd0-726e-4656-bf4e-b585b7f7d572 status: test description: Detects suspicious rules that delete or move messages or folders are set on a user's inbox. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/concept-identity-protection-risks#suspicious-inbox-manipulation-rules - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#unusual-sign-ins author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1140 logsource: product: azure service: riskdetection detection: selection: riskEventType: mcasSuspiciousInboxManipulationRules condition: selection falsepositives: - Actual mailbox rules that are moving items based on their workflow. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects non-sysinternals tools setting the "accepteula" key which normally is set on sysinternals tool execution. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Usage of Renamed Sysinternals Tools - RegistrySet id: 8023f872-3f1d-4301-a384-801889917ab4 related: - id: 25ffa65d-76d8-4da5-a832-3f2b0136e133 type: derived - id: f50f3c09-557d-492d-81db-9064a8d4e211 type: similar status: test description: Detects non-sysinternals tools setting the "accepteula" key which normally is set on sysinternals tool execution references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-24 modified: 2026-06-29 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1588.002 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \PsExec - \ProcDump - \Handle - \LiveKd - \Process Explorer - \PsLoglist - \PsPasswd - \Active Directory Explorer TargetObject|endswith: \EulaAccepted filter_main_image_names: Image|endswith: - \PsExec.exe - \PsExec64.exe - \PsExec64a.exe - \procdump.exe - \procdump64.exe - \procdump64a.exe - \handle.exe - \handle64.exe - \handle64a.exe - \livekd.exe - \livekd64.exe - \procexp.exe - \procexp64.exe - \procexp64a.exe - \psloglist.exe - \psloglist64.exe - \psloglist64a.exe - \pspasswd.exe - \pspasswd64.exe - \pspasswd64a.exe - \ADExplorer.exe - \ADExplorer64.exe - \ADExplorer64a.exe filter_optional_null: Image: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-8511
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8511. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 6.400000095367432. Race condition in the lockscreen feature in Mozilla Firefox OS before 2.5 allows physically proximate attackers to bypass an intended passcode requirement via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1200. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Race condition in pxz 4.999.99 Beta 3 uses weak file permissions for the output file when compressing a file before changing the permission to match the original file, which allows local users to bypass the intended access restrictions.
Query: explain CWE-1023
Matching passage: CWE-1023 Incomplete Comparison with Missing Factors. The product performs a comparison between entities that must consider multiple factors or characteristics of each entity, but the comparison does not include one or more of these factors.
Near-miss passage: CWE-479 Signal Handler Use of a Non-reentrant Function. The product defines a signal handler that calls a non-reentrant function.
Query: detection rule: Detects the use of various web request commands with commandline tools and Windows PowerShell cmdlets (including aliases
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of various web request commands with commandline tools and Windows PowerShell cmdlets (including aliases. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Usage Of Web Request Commands And Cmdlets id: 9fc51a3c-81b3-4fa7-b35f-7c02cf10fd2d related: - id: 1139d2e2-84b1-4226-b445-354492eba8ba type: similar - id: f67dbfce-93bc-440d-86ad-a95ae8858c90 type: obsolete - id: cd5c8085-4070-4e22-908d-a5b3342deb74 type: obsolete - id: 6e897651-f157-4d8f-aaeb-df8151488385 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the use of various web request commands with commandline tools and Windows PowerShell cmdlets (including aliases) via CommandLine references: - https://4sysops.com/archives/use-powershell-to-download-a-file-with-http-https-and-ftp/ - https://blog.jourdant.me/post/3-ways-to-download-files-with-powershell - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/bitstransfer/add-bitsfile?view=windowsserver2019-ps author: James Pemberton / @4A616D6573, Endgame, JHasenbusch, oscd.community, Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2019-10-24 modified: 2025-10-20 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: - '[System.Net.WebRequest]::create' - 'curl ' - Invoke-RestMethod - Invoke-WebRequest - ' irm ' - 'iwr ' - Resume-BitsTransfer - Start-BitsTransfer - 'wget ' - WinHttp.WinHttpRequest condition: selection falsepositives: - Use of Get-Command and Get-Help modules to reference Invoke-WebRequest and Start-BitsTransfer. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects creation of files with the ".one"/".onepkg" extension in suspicious or uncommon locations. This could be a sign. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: OneNote Attachment File Dropped In Suspicious Location id: 7fd164ba-126a-4d9c-9392-0d4f7c243df0 status: test description: Detects creation of files with the ".one"/".onepkg" extension in suspicious or uncommon locations. This could be a sign of attackers abusing OneNote attachments references: - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-now-use-microsoft-onenote-attachments-to-spread-malware/ - https://blog.osarmor.com/319/onenote-attachment-delivers-asyncrat-malware/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-22 modified: 2023-09-19 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Temp\ - :\Temp\ TargetFilename|endswith: - .one - .onepkg filter_main_onenote: Image|contains: :\Program Files\Microsoft Office\ Image|endswith: \ONENOTE.EXE condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of ".one" or ".onepkg" files from those locations level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the NTT DATA Smart Sourcing JavaScript module 2003-11-26 through 2013-07-09 for Web Analytics Service allows remote attackers to inject 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7786. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the NTT DATA Smart Sourcing JavaScript module 2003-11-26 through 2013-07-09 for Web Analytics Service allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9438. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. The display-widgets plugin before 2.04 for WordPress has XSS via the wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=dw_show_widget id_base, widget_number, or instance parameter.
Query: campaign using Cloud Service Dashboard
Matching passage: T1538 Cloud Service Dashboard. Tactics: discovery. Description: An adversary may use a cloud service dashboard GUI with stolen credentials to gain useful information from an operational cloud environment, such as specific services, resources, and features. For example, the GCP Command Center can be used to view all assets, review findings of potential security risks, and run additional queries, such as finding public IP addresses and open ports.(Citation: Google Command Center Dashboard) Depending on the configuration of the environment, an adversary may be able to enumerate more information via the graphical dashboard than an API. This also allows the adversary to gain information without manually making any API requests.
Near-miss passage: T1518 Software Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of software and software versions that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. Adversaries may use the information from [Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Such software may be deployed widely across the environment for configuration management or security reasons, such as [Software Deployment Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1072), and may allow adversaries broad access to infect devices or move laterally. Adversaries may attempt to enumerate software for a variety of reasons, such as figuring out what security measures are present or if the compromised system has a version of software that is vulnerable to [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068).
Query: exploit The Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) OpenRTB 2.3 protocol implementation might allow remote attackers to conceal the status of ad transactions and potentially compromise bid in
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7266. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.5. The Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) OpenRTB 2.3 protocol implementation might allow remote attackers to conceal the status of ad transactions and potentially compromise bid integrity by leveraging failure to limit the time between bid responses and impression notifications, aka the Amnesia Bug.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1974. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.5. The web administration tool in IBM Tivoli Security Directory Server 6.0 before iFix 75, 6.1 before iFix 68, 6.2 before iFix 44, 6.3 before iFix 37, 6.3.1 before iFix 11, and 6.4 before iFix 2 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended command restrictions via unspecified vectors.