alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with a potential custom "User-Agent". Attackers can leverage this to download or exfiltr. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Curl Web Request With Potential Custom User-Agent id: 85de1f22-d189-44e4-8239-dc276b45379b status: test description: Detects execution of "curl.exe" with a potential custom "User-Agent". Attackers can leverage this to download or exfiltrate data via "curl" to a domain that only accept specific "User-Agent" strings references: - https://labs.withsecure.com/publications/fin7-target-veeam-servers - https://github.com/WithSecureLabs/iocs/blob/344203de742bb7e68bd56618f66d34be95a9f9fc/FIN7VEEAM/iocs.csv author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-27 modified: 2025-12-11 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \curl.exe - OriginalFileName: curl.exe selection_header_flag_1: CommandLine|re: \s-H\s selection_header_flag_2: CommandLine|contains: --header selection_user_agent: CommandLine|contains: 'User-Agent:' condition: selection_img and 1 of selection_header_* and selection_user_agent falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_curl_custom_user_agent/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Bypasses User Account Control using Event Viewer and a relevant Windows Registry modification. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Bypass UAC Using Event Viewer id: 674202d0-b22a-4af4-ae5f-2eda1f3da1af status: test description: Bypasses User Account Control using Event Viewer and a relevant Windows Registry modification references: - https://enigma0x3.net/2016/08/15/fileless-uac-bypass-using-eventvwr-exe-and-registry-hijacking/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1548.002/T1548.002.md#atomic-test-1---bypass-uac-using-event-viewer-cmd author: frack113 date: 2022-01-05 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.010 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: _Classes\mscfile\shell\open\command\(Default) filter: Details|startswith: '%SystemRoot%\system32\mmc.exe "%1" %' condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_bypass_uac_using_eventviewer/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Bypass UAC using Event Viewer (cmd) technique: T1548.002 atomic_guid: 5073adf8-9a50-4bd9-b298-a9bd2ead8af9
Query: Sigma YAML for azure / riskdetection
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies user activities originating from geographically distant locations within a time period shorter than the time. Logsource: azure / riskdetection. Rule: title: Impossible Travel id: b2572bf9-e20a-4594-b528-40bde666525a status: test description: Identifies user activities originating from geographically distant locations within a time period shorter than the time it takes to travel from the first location to the second. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/concept-identity-protection-risks#impossible-travel - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#unusual-sign-ins author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access logsource: product: azure service: riskdetection detection: selection: riskEventType: impossibleTravel condition: selection falsepositives: - Connecting to a VPN, performing activity and then dropping and performing additional activity. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects events in which someone prints the contents of history files to the commandline or redirects it to a file for re. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Print History File Contents id: d7821ff1-4527-4e33-9f84-d0d57fa2fb66 status: test description: Detects events in which someone prints the contents of history files to the commandline or redirects it to a file for reconnaissance references: - https://github.com/sleventyeleven/linuxprivchecker/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1552.003/T1552.003.md author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-20 modified: 2022-09-15 tags: - attack.reconnaissance - attack.t1592.004 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: - /cat - /head - /tail - /more selection_history: - CommandLine|contains: - /.bash_history - /.zsh_history - CommandLine|endswith: - _history - .history - zhistory condition: all of selection* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Query: stealth using Dynamic-link Library Injection
Matching passage: T1055.001 Dynamic-link Library Injection. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. DLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as <code>VirtualAllocEx</code> and <code>WriteProcessMemory</code>, then invoked with <code>CreateRemoteThread</code> (which calls the <code>LoadLibrary</code> API responsible for loading the DLL). (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Variations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of <code>LoadLibrary</code>).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Another variation of this method, often referred to as Module Stomping/Overloading or DLL Hollowing, may be leveraged to conceal injected code within a process. This method involves loading a legitimate DLL into a remote process then manually overwriting the module's <code>AddressOfEntryPoint</code> before starting a new thread in the target process.(Citation: Module Stomping for Shellcode Injection) This variation allows attackers to hide malicious injected code by potentially backing its execution with a legitimate DLL file on disk.(Citation: Hiding Malicious Code with Module Stomping) Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security pro
Near-miss passage: T1055 Process Injection. Tactics: stealth, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Process injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via process injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. There are many different ways to inject code into a process, many of which abuse legitimate functionalities. These implementations exist for every major OS but are typically platform specific. More sophisticated samples may perform multiple process injections to segment modules and further evade detection, utilizing named pipes or other inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms as a communication channel.
Query: campaign using WHOIS
Matching passage: T1596.002 WHOIS. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS) Adversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Near-miss passage: T1596.005 Scan Databases. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan) Adversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).
Query: detect Detects the creation of a new bits job by PowerShell in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a new bits job by PowerShell. Logsource: windows / bits-client. Rule: title: New BITS Job Created Via PowerShell id: fe3a2d49-f255-4d10-935c-bda7391108eb status: test description: Detects the creation of a new bits job by PowerShell references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1197/T1197.md author: frack113 date: 2022-03-01 modified: 2023-03-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1197 logsource: product: windows service: bits-client detection: selection: EventID: 3 processPath|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrator PowerShell scripts level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential registry persistence technique using the Event Viewer "Events.asp" technique. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via Event Viewer Events.asp id: a1e11042-a74a-46e6-b07c-c4ce8ecc239b status: test description: Detects potential registry persistence technique using the Event Viewer "Events.asp" technique references: - https://twitter.com/nas_bench/status/1626648985824788480 - https://admx.help/?Category=Windows_7_2008R2&Policy=Microsoft.Policies.InternetCommunicationManagement::EventViewer_DisableLinks - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2019/02/15/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-103/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f296668303c29d3f4c07e42bdd2b28d8dd6625f9/atomics/T1112/T1112.md author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-02-17 modified: 2023-03-05 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Event Viewer\MicrosoftRedirectionProgram - \Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Event Viewer\MicrosoftRedirectionURL filter_default_redirect_program: Image|endswith: C:\WINDOWS\system32\svchost.exe TargetObject|endswith: \Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Event Viewer\MicrosoftRedirectionProgram Details: '%%SystemRoot%%\PCHealth\HelpCtr\Binaries\HelpCtr.exe' filter_default_redirect_program_cli: Image|endswith: C:\WINDOWS\system32\svchost.exe TargetObject|endswith: \Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Event Viewer\MicrosoftRedirectionProgramCommandLineParameters Details: -url hcp://services/centers/support?topic=%%s filter_url: Details: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp filter_cleaner: Details: (Empty) condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: vulnerability: login/token.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.9, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, and 2.8.x before 2.8.4 allows remote authenticated users to bypass a forced-password-change require
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2272. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. login/token.php in Moodle through 2.5.9, 2.6.x before 2.6.9, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, and 2.8.x before 2.8.4 allows remote authenticated users to bypass a forced-password-change requirement by creating a web-services token.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0761. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client before 3.1(8009) and 4.x before 4.0(2052) on Linux does not properly implement unspecified internal functions, which allows local users to obtain root privileges via crafted vpnagent options, aka Bug ID CSCus86790.
Query: describe CVE-2015-5304
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5304. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 3.5. Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (EAP) before 6.4.5 does not properly authorize access to shut down the server, which allows remote authenticated users with the Monitor, Deployer, or Auditor role to cause a denial of service via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6647. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Widevine QSEE TrustZone application in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY49F and 6.0 before 2016-01-01 allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application that leverages QSEECOM access, aka internal bug 24441554.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6394
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6394. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The kernel in Cisco NX-OS 5.2(9)N1(1) on Nexus 5000 devices allows local users to cause a denial of service (device crash) via crafted USB parameters, aka Bug ID CSCus89408.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1074. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects when an account dumps the LAPS password from Entra ID.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when an account dumps the LAPS password from Entra ID.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Windows LAPS Credential Dump From Entra ID id: a4b25073-8947-489c-a8dd-93b41c23f26d status: test description: Detects when an account dumps the LAPS password from Entra ID. references: - https://twitter.com/NathanMcNulty/status/1785051227568632263 - https://www.cloudcoffee.ch/microsoft-365/configure-windows-laps-in-microsoft-intune/ - https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-entra-blog/introducing-windows-local-administrator-password-solution-with/ba-p/1942487 author: andrewdanis date: 2024-06-26 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098.005 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: category: Device activityType|contains: Recover device local administrator password additionalDetails.additionalInfo|contains: Successfully recovered local credential by device id condition: selection falsepositives: - Approved activity performed by an Administrator. level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects Wscript/Cscript executing a file with an uncommon (i.e. non-script) extension. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Cscript/Wscript Uncommon Script Extension Execution id: 99b7460d-c9f1-40d7-a316-1f36f61d52ee status: test description: Detects Wscript/Cscript executing a file with an uncommon (i.e. non-script) extension references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-15 modified: 2023-06-19 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1059.007 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: - wscript.exe - cscript.exe - Image|endswith: - \wscript.exe - \cscript.exe selection_extension: CommandLine|contains: - .csv - .dat - .doc - .gif - .jpeg - .jpg - .png - .ppt - .txt - .xls - .xml condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: common weakness: Excessive Use of Unconditional Branching
Matching passage: CWE-1119 Excessive Use of Unconditional Branching. The code uses too many unconditional branches (such as goto).
Near-miss passage: CWE-457 Use of Uninitialized Variable. The code uses a variable that has not been initialized, leading to unpredictable or unintended results.
Query: mitigate Proxy
Matching passage: T1090 Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1090.003 Multi-hop Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to disguise the source of malicious traffic. Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. For example, adversaries may construct or use onion routing networks – such as the publicly available [Tor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0183) network – to transport encrypted C2 traffic through a compromised population, allowing communication with any device within the network.(Citation: Onion Routing) Adversaries may also use operational relay box (ORB) networks composed of virtual private servers (VPS), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, smart devices, and end-of-life routers to obfuscate their operations.(Citation: ORB Mandiant) In the case of network infrastructure, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain (i.e., [Network Devices](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/008)). By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) on routers, adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes. This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method allowing the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization’s Wide-Area Network (WAN). Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport. Similarly, adversaries may abuse peer-to-peer (P2P) and blockchain-oriented infrastructure to implement routing between a decentralized network of peers.(Citation: NGLite Trojan)
Query: describe CVE-2015-4293
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4293. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. The packet-reassembly implementation in Cisco IOS XE 3.13S and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption or packet loss) via fragmented (1) IPv4 or (2) IPv6 packets that trigger ATTN-3-SYNC_TIMEOUT errors after reassembly failures, aka Bug ID CSCuo37957.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8877. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. The gdImageScaleTwoPass function in gd_interpolation.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) before 2.2.0, as used in PHP before 5.6.12, uses inconsistent allocate and free approaches, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted call, as demonstrated by a call to the PHP imagescale function.
Query: detect Detects successful logon attempts performed with WMI in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects successful logon attempts performed with WMI. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Successful Account Login Via WMI id: 5af54681-df95-4c26-854f-2565e13cfab0 status: stable description: Detects successful logon attempts performed with WMI references: - Internal Research author: Thomas Patzke date: 2019-12-04 modified: 2024-01-17 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1047 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 ProcessName|endswith: \WmiPrvSE.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Monitoring tools - Legitimate system administration level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects registry modifications to the 'ms-settings' protocol handler, which is frequently targeted for UAC bypass or per. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Registry Modification of MS-settings Protocol Handler id: dd3ee8cc-f751-41c9-ba53-5a32ed47e563 related: - id: 152f3630-77c1-4284-bcc0-4cc68ab2f6e7 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects registry modifications to the ''ms-settings'' protocol handler, which is frequently targeted for UAC bypass or persistence. Attackers can modify this registry to execute malicious code with elevated privileges by hijacking the command execution path. ' references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/12/13/diavol-ransomware/ - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/25/f/water-curse.html author: frack113, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-20 modified: 2026-01-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1548.002 - attack.t1546.001 - attack.t1112 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_reg_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_pwsh_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - powershell.exe - pwsh.dll selection_reg_cli: CommandLine|contains: add selection_pwsh_cli: CommandLine|contains: - New-ItemProperty - Set-ItemProperty - 'ni ' - 'sp ' selection_cli_key: CommandLine|contains: \ms-settings\shell\open\command condition: (all of selection_reg_* or all of selection_pwsh_*) and selection_cli_key falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium