alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a dMSASvc account using the New-ADServiceAccount cmdlet in certain OUs. The fact that the Cmdlet. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: New DMSA Service Account Created in Specific OUs id: 0ea8db81-2ff6-4525-9448-33bbe7effc13 related: - id: e15bc294-ae2a-45ad-b7d6-637b33868bde type: similar - id: 02122374-b74e-495c-b285-9e4da973f3d6 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the creation of a dMSASvc account using the New-ADServiceAccount cmdlet in certain OUs. The fact that the Cmdlet is used to create a dMSASvc account in a specific OU is highly suspicious. It is a pattern trying to exploit the BadSuccessor privilege escalation vulnerability in Windows Server 2025. On top of that, if the user that is creating the dMSASvc account is not a legitimate administrator or does not have the necessary permissions, it is a strong signal of an attempted or successful abuse of the BaDSuccessor vulnerability for privilege escalation within the Windows Server 2025 Active Directory environment. ' references: - https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/abusing-bad-successor-for-privilege-escalation-in-active-directory author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-05-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.002 - attack.t1098 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \powershell_ise.exe - OriginalFileName: - powershell.exe - pwsh.dll - powershell_ise.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - New-ADServiceAccount - -CreateDelegatedServiceAccount - -path condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the presence of "bpf_probe_write_user" BPF helper-generated warning messages. Which could be a sign of suspiciou. Logsource: linux. Rule: title: Potential Suspicious BPF Activity - Linux id: 0fadd880-6af3-4610-b1e5-008dc3a11b8a status: test description: Detects the presence of "bpf_probe_write_user" BPF helper-generated warning messages. Which could be a sign of suspicious eBPF activity on the system. references: - https://redcanary.com/blog/ebpf-malware/ - https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/bpf-helpers.7.html author: Red Canary (idea), Nasreddine Bencherchali date: 2023-01-25 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth logsource: product: linux detection: selection: - bpf_probe_write_user condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Sigma rule for This detection excludes known namped pipes accessible remotely and notify on newly observed ones, may help to detect lat
Matching passage: Sigma rule: This detection excludes known namped pipes accessible remotely and notify on newly observed ones, may help to detect lat. Logsource: zeek / smb_files. Rule: title: First Time Seen Remote Named Pipe - Zeek id: 021310d9-30a6-480a-84b7-eaa69aeb92bb related: - id: 52d8b0c6-53d6-439a-9e41-52ad442ad9ad type: derived status: test description: This detection excludes known namped pipes accessible remotely and notify on newly observed ones, may help to detect lateral movement and remote exec using named pipes references: - https://twitter.com/menasec1/status/1104489274387451904 author: Samir Bousseaden, @neu5ron, Tim Shelton date: 2020-04-02 modified: 2022-12-27 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.002 logsource: product: zeek service: smb_files detection: selection: path: \\\\\*\\IPC$ filter_keywords: - samr - lsarpc - winreg - netlogon - srvsvc - protected_storage - wkssvc - browser - netdfs - svcctl - spoolss - ntsvcs - LSM_API_service - HydraLsPipe - TermSrv_API_service - MsFteWds condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Update the excluded named pipe to filter out any newly observed legit named pipe level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "VMwareToolBoxCmd.exe" with the "script" and "set" flag to setup a specific script to run for a. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via VMwareToolBoxCmd.EXE VM State Change Script id: 7aa4e81a-a65c-4e10-9f81-b200eb229d7d related: - id: 236d8e89-ed95-4789-a982-36f4643738ba type: derived status: test description: Detects execution of the "VMwareToolBoxCmd.exe" with the "script" and "set" flag to setup a specific script to run for a specific VM state references: - https://bohops.com/2021/10/08/analyzing-and-detecting-a-vmtools-persistence-technique/ - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2017/01/14/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-53/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-14 tags: - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \VMwareToolBoxCmd.exe - OriginalFileName: toolbox-cmd.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' script ' - ' set ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0536
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0536. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. EMC RSA BSAFE Micro Edition Suite (MES) 4.0.x before 4.0.8 and 4.1.x before 4.1.3 and RSA BSAFE SSL-C 2.8.9 and earlier, when client authentication and an ephemeral Diffie-Hellman ciphersuite are enabled, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a ClientKeyExchange message with a length of zero, a similar issue to CVE-2015-1787.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0356. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging an unspecified "type confusion."
Query: risk of Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow remote at
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1698. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Journal file, aka "Windows Journal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1675, CVE-2015-1695, CVE-2015-1696, CVE-2015-1697, and CVE-2015-1699.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1597. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Siemens SPCanywhere application for Android does not use encryption during the loading of code, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary code by modifying the client-server data stream.
Query: SIEM correlation: discovery activity consistent with Query Registry
Matching passage: T1012 Query Registry. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry to gather information about the system, configuration, and installed software. The Registry contains a significant amount of information about the operating system, configuration, software, and security.(Citation: Wikipedia Windows Registry) Information can easily be queried using the [Reg](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0075) utility, though other means to access the Registry exist. Some of the information may help adversaries to further their operation within a network. Adversaries may use the information from [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Near-miss passage: T1673 Virtual Machine Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: An adversary may attempt to enumerate running virtual machines (VMs) after gaining access to a host or hypervisor. For example, adversaries may enumerate a list of VMs on an ESXi hypervisor using a [Hypervisor CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/012) such as `esxcli` or `vim-cmd` (e.g. `esxcli vm process list or vim-cmd vmsvc/getallvms`).(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)(Citation: TrendMicro Play) Adversaries may also directly leverage a graphical user interface, such as VMware vCenter, in order to view virtual machines on a host. Adversaries may use the information from [Virtual Machine Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1673) during discovery to shape follow-on behaviors. Subsequently discovered VMs may be leveraged for follow-on activities such as [Service Stop](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1489) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486).(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1225
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1225. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. PDFium, as used in Google Chrome before 41.0.2272.76, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1859. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple buffer overflows in plugins/imageformats/ico/qicohandler.cpp in the QtBase module in Qt before 4.8.7 and 5.x before 5.4.2 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault and crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted ICO image.
Query: detection rule: Detects changes to the "DisableRestrictedAdmin" registry value in order to disable or enable RestrictedAdmin mode. Restr
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the "DisableRestrictedAdmin" registry value in order to disable or enable RestrictedAdmin mode. Restr. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: RestrictedAdminMode Registry Value Tampering id: d6ce7ebd-260b-4323-9768-a9631c8d4db2 related: - id: 28ac00d6-22d9-4a3c-927f-bbd770104573 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects changes to the "DisableRestrictedAdmin" registry value in order to disable or enable RestrictedAdmin mode. RestrictedAdmin mode prevents the transmission of reusable credentials to the remote system to which you connect using Remote Desktop. This prevents your credentials from being harvested during the initial connection process if the remote server has been compromise ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/a8e3cf63e97b973a25903d3df9fd55da6252e564/atomics/T1112/T1112.md - https://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/32905.remote-desktop-services-enable-restricted-admin-mode.aspx author: frack113 date: 2023-01-13 modified: 2024-08-23 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\DisableRestrictedAdmin condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a Sysmon configuration change, which could be the result of a legitimate reconfiguration or someone trying manip. Logsource: windows / sysmon. Rule: title: Sysmon Configuration Change id: 8ac03a65-6c84-4116-acad-dc1558ff7a77 status: test description: Detects a Sysmon configuration change, which could be the result of a legitimate reconfiguration or someone trying manipulate the configuration references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/sysmon author: frack113 date: 2022-01-12 tags: - attack.defense-impairment logsource: product: windows service: sysmon detection: selection: EventID: 16 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative action level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/sysmon/sysmon_config_modification/info.yml
Query: exploit Stack-based buffer underflow in the mozilla::MP3FrameParser::ParseBuffer function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from proces
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0825. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Stack-based buffer underflow in the mozilla::MP3FrameParser::ParseBuffer function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via a malformed MP3 file that improperly interacts with memory allocation during playback.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6585. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. hwpapp.dll in Hangul Word Processor allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted heap spray, and by leveraging a "type confusion" via an HWPX file containing a crafted para text tag.
Query: explain CWE-602
Matching passage: CWE-602 Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security. The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
Near-miss passage: CWE-117 Improper Output Neutralization for Logs. The product constructs a log message from external input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements when the message is written to a log file.
Query: indicators of Terminal Services DLL
Matching passage: T1505.005 Terminal Services DLL. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse components of Terminal Services to enable persistent access to systems. Microsoft Terminal Services, renamed to Remote Desktop Services in some Windows Server OSs as of 2022, enable remote terminal connections to hosts. Terminal Services allows servers to transmit a full, interactive, graphical user interface to clients via RDP.(Citation: Microsoft Remote Desktop Services) [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)s that are run as a "generic" process (ex: <code>svchost.exe</code>) load the service's DLL file, the location of which is stored in a Registry entry named <code>ServiceDll</code>.(Citation: Microsoft System Services Fundamentals) The <code>termsrv.dll</code> file, typically stored in `%SystemRoot%\System32\`, is the default <code>ServiceDll</code> value for Terminal Services in `HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\services\TermService\Parameters\`. Adversaries may modify and/or replace the Terminal Services DLL to enable persistent access to victimized hosts.(Citation: James TermServ DLL) Modifications to this DLL could be done to execute arbitrary payloads (while also potentially preserving normal <code>termsrv.dll</code> functionality) as well as to simply enable abusable features of Terminal Services. For example, an adversary may enable features such as concurrent [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) sessions by either patching the <code>termsrv.dll</code> file or modifying the <code>ServiceDll</code> value to point to a DLL that provides increased RDP functionality.(Citation: Windows OS Hub RDP)(Citation: RDPWrap Github) On a non-server Windows OS this increased functionality may also enable an adversary to avoid Terminal Services prompts that warn/log out users of a system when a new RDP session is created.
Near-miss passage: T1505 Server Software Component. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems. Enterprise server applications may include features that allow developers to write and install software or scripts to extend the functionality of the main application. Adversaries may install malicious components to extend and abuse server applications.(Citation: volexity_0day_sophos_FW)
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u101, 7u85, and 8u60; Java SE Embedded 8u51; and JRockit R28.3.7 allows remote attackers to affect availability via vectors related to 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4893. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u101, 7u85, and 8u60; Java SE Embedded 8u51; and JRockit R28.3.7 allows remote attackers to affect availability via vectors related to JAXP, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4803 and CVE-2015-4911.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4754. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in the Data Store component in Oracle Berkeley DB 11.2.5.1.29, 11.2.5.2.42, 11.2.5.3.28, and 12.1.6.0.35 allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2583, CVE-2015-2624, CVE-2015-2626, CVE-2015-2640, CVE-2015-2654, CVE-2015-2656, CVE-2015-4764, CVE-2015-4775, CVE-2015-4776, CVE-2015-4777, CVE-2015-4778, CVE-2015-4780, CVE-2015-4781, CVE-2015-4782, CVE-2015-4783, CVE-2015-4784, CVE-2015-4785, CVE-2015-4786, CVE-2015-4787, CVE-2015-4789, and CVE-2015-4790.
Query: playbook for alert: Lateral movement indicators for Pass the Hash
Matching passage: Playbook for T1550.002 Pass the Hash. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1550.002. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: lateral movement. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may “pass the hash” using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1550.004 Web Session Cookie. Different response path focused on lateral movement.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5719
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5719. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. app/Controller/TemplatesController.php in Malware Information Sharing Platform (MISP) before 2.3.92 does not properly restrict filenames under the tmp/files/ directory, which has unspecified impact and attack vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0487. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools component in Oracle PeopleSoft Products 8.53 and 8.54 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via vectors related to PIA Core Technology, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0472.
Query: campaign using Cron
Matching passage: T1053.003 Cron. Tactics: execution, persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse the <code>cron</code> utility to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) The <code>cron</code> utility is a time-based job scheduler for Unix-like operating systems. The <code> crontab</code> file contains the schedule of cron entries to be run and the specified times for execution. Any <code>crontab</code> files are stored in operating system-specific file paths. An adversary may use <code>cron</code> in Linux or Unix environments to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for [Persistence](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0003). In ESXi environments, cron jobs must be created directly via the crontab file (e.g., `/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root`).(Citation: CloudSEK ESXiArgs 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1053.007 Container Orchestration Job. Tactics: execution, persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code. Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system. Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster. In Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob) An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in various nodes within a cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)
Query: mitigate Login Hook
Matching passage: T1037.002 Login Hook. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use a Login Hook to establish persistence executed upon user logon. A login hook is a plist file that points to a specific script to execute with root privileges upon user logon. The plist file is located in the <code>/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file and can be modified using the <code>defaults</code> command-line utility. This behavior is the same for logout hooks where a script can be executed upon user logout. All hooks require administrator permissions to modify or create hooks.(Citation: Login Scripts Apple Dev)(Citation: LoginWindowScripts Apple Dev) Adversaries can add or insert a path to a malicious script in the <code>com.apple.loginwindow.plist</code> file, using the <code>LoginHook</code> or <code>LogoutHook</code> key-value pair. The malicious script is executed upon the next user login. If a login hook already exists, adversaries can add additional commands to an existing login hook. There can be only one login and logout hook on a system at a time.(Citation: S1 macOs Persistence)(Citation: Wardle Persistence Chapter) **Note:** Login hooks were deprecated in 10.11 version of macOS in favor of [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) and [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001)
Near-miss passage: T1037.003 Network Logon Script. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may use network logon scripts automatically executed at logon initialization to establish persistence. Network logon scripts can be assigned using Active Directory or Group Policy Objects.(Citation: Petri Logon Script AD) These logon scripts run with the privileges of the user they are assigned to. Depending on the systems within the network, initializing one of these scripts could apply to more than one or potentially all systems. Adversaries may use these scripts to maintain persistence on a network. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or an administrator account may be necessary.
Query: what is T1555.002
Matching passage: T1555.002 Securityd Memory. Tactics: credential access. Description: An adversary with root access may gather credentials by reading `securityd`’s memory. `securityd` is a service/daemon responsible for implementing security protocols such as encryption and authorization.(Citation: Apple Dev SecurityD) A privileged adversary may be able to scan through `securityd`'s memory to find the correct sequence of keys to decrypt the user’s logon keychain. This may provide the adversary with various plaintext passwords, such as those for users, WiFi, mail, browsers, certificates, secure notes, etc.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware) In OS X prior to El Capitan, users with root access can read plaintext keychain passwords of logged-in users because Apple’s keychain implementation allows these credentials to be cached so that users are not repeatedly prompted for passwords.(Citation: OS X Keychain)(Citation: External to DA, the OS X Way) Apple’s `securityd` utility takes the user’s logon password, encrypts it with PBKDF2, and stores this master key in memory. Apple also uses a set of keys and algorithms to encrypt the user’s password, but once the master key is found, an adversary need only iterate over the other values to unlock the final password.(Citation: OS X Keychain)
Near-miss passage: T1555 Credentials from Password Stores. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.(Citation: F-Secure The Dukes) Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.