alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Proxy
Matching passage: T1090 Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure. Many tools exist that enable traffic redirection through proxies or port redirection, including [HTRAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040), ZXProxy, and ZXPortMap. (Citation: Trend Micro APT Attack Tools) Adversaries use these types of proxies to manage command and control communications, reduce the number of simultaneous outbound network connections, provide resiliency in the face of connection loss, or to ride over existing trusted communications paths between victims to avoid suspicion. Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to further disguise the source of malicious traffic. Adversaries can also take advantage of routing schemes in Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) to proxy command and control traffic.
Near-miss passage: T1090.003 Multi-hop Proxy. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to disguise the source of malicious traffic. Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last proxy traffic traversed before it enters their network; the defender may or may not be able to identify any previous proxies before the last-hop proxy. This technique makes identifying the original source of the malicious traffic even more difficult by requiring the defender to trace malicious traffic through several proxies to identify its source. For example, adversaries may construct or use onion routing networks – such as the publicly available [Tor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0183) network – to transport encrypted C2 traffic through a compromised population, allowing communication with any device within the network.(Citation: Onion Routing) Adversaries may also use operational relay box (ORB) networks composed of virtual private servers (VPS), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, smart devices, and end-of-life routers to obfuscate their operations.(Citation: ORB Mandiant) In the case of network infrastructure, it is possible for an adversary to leverage multiple compromised devices to create a multi-hop proxy chain (i.e., [Network Devices](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/008)). By leveraging [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) on routers, adversaries can add custom code to the affected network devices that will implement onion routing between those nodes. This method is dependent upon the [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599) method allowing the adversaries to cross the protected network boundary of the Internet perimeter and into the organization’s Wide-Area Network (WAN). Protocols such as ICMP may be used as a transport. Similarly, adversaries may abuse peer-to-peer (P2P) and blockchain-oriented infrastructure to implement routing between a decentralized network of peers.(Citation: NGLite Trojan)
Query: describe CVE-2015-9342
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9342. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The wp-rollback plugin before 1.2.3 for WordPress has XSS.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4541. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in EMC RSA Archer GRC 5.x before 5.5.3 allow remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in the Data Store component in Oracle Berkeley DB 11.2.5.1.29, 11.2.5.2.42, 11.2.5.3.28, and 12.1.6.0.35 allows local users to affect confidentiality, int
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2654. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in the Data Store component in Oracle Berkeley DB 11.2.5.1.29, 11.2.5.2.42, 11.2.5.3.28, and 12.1.6.0.35 allows local users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2583, CVE-2015-2624, CVE-2015-2626, CVE-2015-2640, CVE-2015-2656, CVE-2015-4754, CVE-2015-4764, CVE-2015-4775, CVE-2015-4776, CVE-2015-4777, CVE-2015-4778, CVE-2015-4780, CVE-2015-4781, CVE-2015-4782, CVE-2015-4783, CVE-2015-4784, CVE-2015-4785, CVE-2015-4786, CVE-2015-4787, CVE-2015-4789, and CVE-2015-4790.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2137. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Unspecified vulnerability in HP Operations Manager i (OMi) 9.22, 9.23, 9.24, 9.25, 10.00, and 10.01 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of "appcmd" to create new global URL rewrite rules. This behaviour has been observed being used by threat. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious IIS URL GlobalRules Rewrite Via AppCmd id: 7c8af9b2-dcae-41a2-a9db-b28c288b5f08 status: test description: Detects usage of "appcmd" to create new global URL rewrite rules. This behaviour has been observed being used by threat actors to add new rules so they can access their webshells. references: - https://twitter.com/malmoeb/status/1616702107242971144 - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/739120/how-to-add-re-write-global-rule-with-action-type-r author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-22 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \appcmd.exe - OriginalFileName: appcmd.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - set - config - section:system.webServer/rewrite/globalRules - 'commit:' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate usage of appcmd to add new URL rewrite rules level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Conti recommendation to its affiliates to use esentutl to access NTDS dumped file. Trickbot also uses this utilities to. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Esentutl Gather Credentials id: 7df1713a-1a5b-4a4b-a071-dc83b144a101 status: test description: Conti recommendation to its affiliates to use esentutl to access NTDS dumped file. Trickbot also uses this utilities to get MSEdge info via its module pwgrab. references: - https://twitter.com/vxunderground/status/1423336151860002816 - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/01/bazarcall-to-conti-ransomware-via-trickbot-and-cobalt-strike/ author: sam0x90 date: 2021-08-06 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 - attack.t1003.003 - attack.s0404 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - esentutl - ' /p' condition: selection falsepositives: - To be determined level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed Gpg.EXE Execution id: ec0722a3-eb5c-4a56-8ab2-bf6f20708592 status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed "gpg.exe". Often used by ransomware and loaders to decrypt/encrypt data. references: - https://securelist.com/locked-out/68960/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2023-08-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1486 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: gpg.exe filter_main_img: Image|endswith: - \gpg.exe - \gpg2.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote thread creation by PowerShell processes into "lsass.exe". Logsource: windows / create_remote_thread. Rule: title: Potential Credential Dumping Attempt Via PowerShell Remote Thread id: fb656378-f909-47c1-8747-278bf09f4f4f related: - id: 3f07b9d1-2082-4c56-9277-613a621983cc type: obsolete - id: 0f920ebe-7aea-4c54-b202-9aa0c609cfe5 type: similar status: test description: Detects remote thread creation by PowerShell processes into "lsass.exe" references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse author: oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2022-12-18 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: create_remote_thread detection: selection: SourceImage|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe TargetImage|endswith: \lsass.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: EDR alert: possible Device Driver Discovery (T1652)
Matching passage: T1652 Device Driver Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host. Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape follow-on behaviors, such as the function/purpose of the host, present security tools (i.e. [Security Software Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001)) or other defenses (e.g., [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497)), as well as potential exploitable vulnerabilities (e.g., [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068)). Many OS utilities may provide information about local device drivers, such as `driverquery.exe` and the `EnumDeviceDrivers()` API function on Windows.(Citation: Microsoft Driverquery)(Citation: Microsoft EnumDeviceDrivers) Information about device drivers (as well as associated services, i.e., [System Service Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1007)) may also be available in the Registry.(Citation: Microsoft Registry Drivers) On Linux/macOS, device drivers (in the form of kernel modules) may be visible within `/dev` or using utilities such as `lsmod` and `modinfo`.(Citation: Linux Kernel Programming)(Citation: lsmod man)(Citation: modinfo man)
Near-miss passage: T1083 File and Directory Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file system. Adversaries may use the information from [File and Directory Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1083) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Many command shell utilities can be used to obtain this information. Examples include <code>dir</code>, <code>tree</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>find</code>, and <code>locate</code>.(Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT) Custom tools may also be used to gather file and directory information and interact with the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106). Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather file and directory information (e.g. <code>dir</code>, <code>show flash</code>, and/or <code>nvram</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A) Some files and directories may require elevated or specific user permissions to access.
Query: risk of MITRE is populating this ID because it was assigned prior to Lenovo becoming a CNA. A local privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered (fixed and publicly disclosed in 2015)
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8534. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. MITRE is populating this ID because it was assigned prior to Lenovo becoming a CNA. A local privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered (fixed and publicly disclosed in 2015) in Lenovo Solution Center (LSC) prior to version 3.3.002 that could allow a user to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8032. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 5.300000190734863. In Textpattern 4.5.7, an unprivileged author can change an article's markup setting.
Query: exploit Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compile
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5545. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5547, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, CVE-2015-5552, and CVE-2015-5553.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2725. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 39.0, Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.1, and Thunderbird before 38.1 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8043
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8043. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7652, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7654, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7661, CVE-2015-7663, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6715. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Function apply implementation in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Query: vulnerability: Open redirect vulnerability in the Overlay module in Drupal 7.x before 7.38 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspec
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3233. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Overlay module in Drupal 7.x before 7.38 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0400. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u85, 7u72, and 8u25 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Libraries.
Query: playbook for alert: EDR alert: possible Windows Credential Manager (T1555.004)
Matching passage: Playbook for T1555.004 Windows Credential Manager. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1555.004. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: credential access. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager. The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker) The Windows Credential Manager
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1555.002 Securityd Memory. Different response path focused on credential access.
Query: campaign using Outlook Rules
Matching passage: T1137.005 Outlook Rules. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) Once malicious rules have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)
Near-miss passage: T1137.001 Office Template Macros. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Office templates to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Microsoft Office contains templates that are part of common Office applications and are used to customize styles. The base templates within the application are used each time an application starts. (Citation: Microsoft Change Normal Template) Office Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macros (Citation: MSDN VBA in Office) can be inserted into the base template and used to execute code when the respective Office application starts in order to obtain persistence. Examples for both Word and Excel have been discovered and published. By default, Word has a Normal.dotm template created that can be modified to include a malicious macro. Excel does not have a template file created by default, but one can be added that will automatically be loaded.(Citation: enigma0x3 normal.dotm)(Citation: Hexacorn Office Template Macros) Shared templates may also be stored and pulled from remote locations.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) Word Normal.dotm location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Templates\Normal.dotm</code> Excel Personal.xlsb location:<br> <code>C:\Users\&lt;username&gt;\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Excel\XLSTART\PERSONAL.XLSB</code> Adversaries may also change the location of the base template to point to their own by hijacking the application's search order, e.g. Word 2016 will first look for Normal.dotm under <code>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\root\Office16\</code>, or by modifying the GlobalDotName registry key. By modifying the GlobalDotName registry key an adversary can specify an arbitrary location, file name, and file extension to use for the template that will be loaded on application startup. To abuse GlobalDotName, adversaries may first need to register the template as a trusted document or place it in a trusted location.(Citation: GlobalDotName Jun 2019) An adversary may need to enable macros to execute unrestricted depending
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7512
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7512. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 9.0. Buffer overflow in the pcnet_receive function in hw/net/pcnet.c in QEMU, when a guest NIC has a larger MTU, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (guest OS crash) or execute arbitrary code via a large packet.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10065. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in AenBleidd FiND. This vulnerability affects the function init_result of the file validator/my_validator.cpp. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The patch is identified as ee2eef34a83644f286c9adcaf30437f92e9c48f1. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-218458 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the creation of an "lsass.dmp" file by the taskmgr process. This indicates a manual dumping of the LSASS.exe pro
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of an "lsass.dmp" file by the taskmgr process. This indicates a manual dumping of the LSASS.exe pro. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: LSASS Process Memory Dump Creation Via Taskmgr.EXE id: 69ca12af-119d-44ed-b50f-a47af0ebc364 status: test description: Detects the creation of an "lsass.dmp" file by the taskmgr process. This indicates a manual dumping of the LSASS.exe process memory using Windows Task Manager. author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-10-19 references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/987e3ca988ae3cff4b9f6e388c139c05bf44bbb8/atomics/T1003.001/T1003.001.md#L1 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: - :\Windows\system32\taskmgr.exe - :\Windows\SysWOW64\taskmgr.exe TargetFilename|contains|all: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \lsass - .DMP condition: selection falsepositives: - Rare case of troubleshooting by an administrator or support that has to be investigated regardless level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_taskmgr_lsass_dump/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of user-specific or system-wide environment variables via the registry. Which contains suspicious c. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Suspicious Environment Variable Has Been Registered id: 966315ef-c5e1-4767-ba25-fce9c8de3660 status: test description: Detects the creation of user-specific or system-wide environment variables via the registry. Which contains suspicious commands and strings references: - https://infosec.exchange/@sbousseaden/109542254124022664 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-20 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection_main: TargetObject|contains: \Environment\ selection_details: - Details: - powershell - pwsh - Details|contains: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - C:\Users\Public\ - TVqQAAMAAAAEAAAA - TVpQAAIAAAAEAA8A - TVqAAAEAAAAEABAA - TVoAAAAAAAAAAAAA - TVpTAQEAAAAEAAAA - SW52b2tlL - ludm9rZS - JbnZva2Ut - SQBuAHYAbwBrAGUALQ - kAbgB2AG8AawBlAC0A - JAG4AdgBvAGsAZQAtA - Details|startswith: - SUVY - SQBFAF - SQBuAH - cwBhA - aWV4 - aQBlA - R2V0 - dmFy - dgBhA - dXNpbm - H4sIA - Y21k - cABhAH - Qzpc - Yzpc condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4586
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4586. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Alcatel-Lucent CellPipe 7130 RG 5Ae.M2013 HOL with firmware 1.0.0.20h.HOL allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that create a user account via an add_user action in a request to password.cmd.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0970. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in SearchBlox before 8.2 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-2508
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2508. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows 10 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Font Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1156. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The page-loading implementation in WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.6, 7.x before 7.1.6, and 8.x before 8.0.6, does not properly handle the rel attribute in an A element, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy for a link's target, and spoof the user interface, via a crafted web site.
Query: risk of Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2402. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3283. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. OpenAFS before 1.6.13 allows remote attackers to spoof bos commands via unspecified vectors.