alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: SOC alert related to Bootkit
Matching passage: T1542.003 Bootkit. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems. A bootkit is a malware variant that modifies the boot sectors of a hard drive, allowing malicious code to execute before a computer's operating system has loaded. Bootkits reside at a layer below the operating system and may make it difficult to perform full remediation unless an organization suspects one was used and can act accordingly. In BIOS systems, a bootkit may modify the Master Boot Record (MBR) and/or Volume Boot Record (VBR).(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016) The MBR is the section of disk that is first loaded after completing hardware initialization by the BIOS. It is the location of the boot loader. An adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite this area, diverting execution during startup from the normal boot loader to adversary code.(Citation: Lau 2011) The MBR passes control of the boot process to the VBR. Similar to the case of MBR, an adversary who has raw access to the boot drive may overwrite the VBR to divert execution during startup to adversary code. In UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) systems, a bootkit may instead create or modify files in the EFI system partition (ESP). The ESP is a partition on data storage used by devices containing UEFI that allows the system to boot the OS and other utilities used by the system. An adversary can use the newly created or patched files in the ESP to run malicious kernel code.(Citation: Microsoft Security)(Citation: welivesecurity)
Near-miss passage: T1542.002 Component Firmware. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: Adversaries may modify component firmware to persist on systems. Some adversaries may employ sophisticated means to compromise computer components and install malicious firmware that will execute adversary code outside of the operating system and main system firmware or BIOS. This technique may be similar to [System Firmware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/001) but conducted upon other system components/devices that may not have the same capability or level of integrity checking. Malicious component firmware could provide both a persistent level of access to systems despite potential typical failures to maintain access and hard disk re-images, as well as a way to evade host software-based defenses and integrity checks.
Query: detection rule: Detects failed logon attempts from clients to MSSQL server.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects failed logon attempts from clients to MSSQL server.. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: MSSQL Server Failed Logon id: 218d2855-2bba-4f61-9c85-81d0ea63ac71 related: - id: ebfe73c2-5bc9-4ed9-aaa8-8b54b2b4777d type: similar status: test description: Detects failed logon attempts from clients to MSSQL server. references: - https://cybersecthreat.com/2020/07/08/enable-mssql-authentication-log-to-eventlog/ - https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/27800944/EventID-18456-Failed-to-open-the-explicitly-specified-database.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), j4son date: 2023-10-11 modified: 2024-06-26 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1110 logsource: product: windows service: application definition: 'Requirements: Must enable MSSQL authentication.' detection: selection: Provider_Name|contains: MSSQL EventID: 18456 condition: selection falsepositives: - This event could stem from users changing an account's password that's used to authenticate via a job or an automated process. Investigate the source of such events and mitigate them level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects enumeration of local system groups. Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Local Groups Discovery - Linux id: 676381a6-15ca-4d73-a9c8-6a22e970b90d status: test description: Detects enumeration of local system groups. Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1069.001/T1069.001.md author: Ömer Günal, Alejandro Ortuno, oscd.community date: 2020-10-11 modified: 2025-06-04 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1069.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_1: Image|endswith: /groups selection_2: Image|endswith: - /cat - /ed - /head - /less - /more - /nano - /tail - /vi - /vim CommandLine|contains: /etc/group condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: low
Query: exploit Integer overflow in the libnv6 module in Dell NetVault Backup before 10.0.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted template string specifiers in a serialized
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4067. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. Integer overflow in the libnv6 module in Dell NetVault Backup before 10.0.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted template string specifiers in a serialized object, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5560. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. Integer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6576
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6576. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Bamboo 2.2 before 5.8.5 and 5.9.x before 5.9.7 allows remote attackers with access to the Bamboo web interface to execute arbitrary Java code via an unspecified resource.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5243. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. phpWhois allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted whois record.
Query: explain CWE-1095
Matching passage: CWE-1095 Loop Condition Value Update within the Loop. The product uses a loop with a control flow condition based on a value that is updated within the body of the loop.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1282 Assumed-Immutable Data is Stored in Writable Memory. Immutable data, such as a first-stage bootloader, device identifiers, and write-once configuration settings are stored in writable memory that can be re-programmed or updated in the field.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7502
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7502. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.099999904632568. Red Hat CloudForms 3.2 Management Engine (CFME) 5.4.4 and CloudForms 4.0 Management Engine (CFME) 5.5.0 do not properly encrypt data in the backend PostgreSQL database, which might allow local users to obtain sensitive data and consequently gain privileges by leveraging access to (1) database exports or (2) log files.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4078. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 3.0999999046325684. Cloudera Navigator 2.2.x before 2.2.4 and 2.3.x before 2.3.3 include support for SSLv3 when configured to use SSL/TLS, which makes it easier for man-in-the-middle attackers to obtain cleartext data via a padding-oracle attack, a variant of CVE-2014-3566 (aka POODLE).
Query: Sigma rule for Detects execution of the Notepad++ updater (gup) from a process other than Notepad++ to download files.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the Notepad++ updater (gup) from a process other than Notepad++ to download files.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File Download Using Notepad++ GUP Utility id: 44143844-0631-49ab-97a0-96387d6b2d7c status: test description: Detects execution of the Notepad++ updater (gup) from a process other than Notepad++ to download files. references: - https://twitter.com/nas_bench/status/1535322182863179776 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-10 modified: 2023-03-02 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \GUP.exe - OriginalFileName: gup.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -unzipTo ' - http filter: ParentImage|endswith: \notepad++.exe condition: all of selection* and not filter falsepositives: - Other parent processes other than notepad++ using GUP that are not currently identified level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote thread creation in the "mstsc.exe" process by a process located in a potentially suspicious location. Thi. Logsource: windows / create_remote_thread. Rule: title: Remote Thread Creation In Mstsc.Exe From Suspicious Location id: c0aac16a-b1e7-4330-bab0-3c27bb4987c7 status: test description: 'Detects remote thread creation in the "mstsc.exe" process by a process located in a potentially suspicious location. This technique is often used by attackers in order to hook some APIs used by DLLs loaded by "mstsc.exe" during RDP authentications in order to steal credentials. ' references: - https://github.com/S12cybersecurity/RDPCredentialStealer/blob/1b8947cdd065a06c1b62e80967d3c7af895fcfed/APIHookInjectorBin/APIHookInjectorBin/Inject.h#L25 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-07-28 modified: 2024-01-22 tags: - attack.credential-access logsource: product: windows category: create_remote_thread detection: selection: TargetImage|endswith: \mstsc.exe SourceImage|contains: - :\Temp\ - :\Users\Public\ - :\Windows\PerfLogs\ - :\Windows\Tasks\ - :\Windows\Temp\ - \AppData\Local\Temp\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability in Synology Video Station before 1.5-0763 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter to watchstatus.cgi.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6911. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Synology Video Station before 1.5-0763 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter to watchstatus.cgi.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1310. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise (Sybase ASE) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Note 2113333. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7456
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7456. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. IBM Spectrum Scale 4.1.1 before 4.1.1.4, and 4.2.0.0, allows remote authenticated users to discover object-storage admin passwords via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3721. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The kernel in Apple iOS before 8.4 and OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly handle HFS parameters, which allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information via a crafted app.
Query: detection rule: Detects when the macOS Script Editor utility spawns an unusual child process.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects when the macOS Script Editor utility spawns an unusual child process.. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Execution via macOS Script Editor id: 6e4dcdd1-e48b-42f7-b2d8-3b413fc58cb4 status: test description: Detects when the macOS Script Editor utility spawns an unusual child process. author: Tim Rauch (rule), Elastic (idea) references: - https://github.com/elastic/protections-artifacts/commit/746086721fd385d9f5c6647cada1788db4aea95f#diff-7f541fbc4a4a28a92970e8bf53effea5bd934604429112c920affb457f5b2685 - https://wojciechregula.blog/post/macos-red-teaming-initial-access-via-applescript-url/ date: 2022-10-21 modified: 2022-12-28 logsource: category: process_creation product: macos tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1566 - attack.t1566.002 - attack.initial-access - attack.t1059 - attack.t1059.002 - attack.t1204 - attack.t1204.001 - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1553 detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: /Script Editor selection_img: - Image|endswith: - /curl - /bash - /sh - /zsh - /dash - /fish - /osascript - /mktemp - /chmod - /php - /nohup - /openssl - /plutil - /PlistBuddy - /xattr - /sqlite - /funzip - /popen - Image|contains: - python - perl condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious command lines used in Covenant luanchers. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Covenant PowerShell Launcher id: c260b6db-48ba-4b4a-a76f-2f67644e99d2 status: test description: Detects suspicious command lines used in Covenant luanchers references: - https://posts.specterops.io/covenant-v0-5-eee0507b85ba author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jonhnathan Ribeiro, oscd.community date: 2020-06-04 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1564.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains|all: - -Sta - -Nop - -Window - Hidden CommandLine|contains: - -Command - -EncodedCommand selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - 'sv o (New-Object IO.MemorySteam);sv d ' - mshta file.hta - GruntHTTP - -EncodedCommand cwB2ACAAbwAgA condition: 1 of selection_* level: high
Query: exploit In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear IPQ4019, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MSM8909W, SD 2
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9208. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile and Snapdragon Wear IPQ4019, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9645, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 400, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 800, and SD 810, the function tzbsp_pil_verify_sig() does not strictly check that the pointer to ELF and program headers and hash segment is within secure memory. It only checks that the address is not in non-secure memory. A given address range can overlap with both secure and non-secure regions - hence if such an address is passed in, it would not pass the non-secure range check, and would be considered valid by the function, even though that memory area could be modified by the non-secure side.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0726. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The web administration interface on Cisco Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) devices before 7.0.241, 7.1.x through 7.4.x before 7.4.122, and 7.5.x and 7.6.x before 7.6.120 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (device crash) via unspecified parameters, aka Bug IDs CSCum65159 and CSCum65252.
Query: vulnerability: Buffer overflow in an unspecified DLL in Schneider Electric Pelco DS-NVs before 7.8.90 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0982. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 7.5. Buffer overflow in an unspecified DLL in Schneider Electric Pelco DS-NVs before 7.8.90 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10065. CWE: CWE-120. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability classified as critical was found in AenBleidd FiND. This vulnerability affects the function init_result of the file validator/my_validator.cpp. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The patch is identified as ee2eef34a83644f286c9adcaf30437f92e9c48f1. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-218458 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Query: vulnerability: Directory traversal vulnerability in the Elegant Themes Divi theme for WordPress allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the img parameter in a revsli
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1579. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 5.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the Elegant Themes Divi theme for WordPress allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the img parameter in a revslider_show_image action to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php. NOTE: this vulnerability may be a duplicate of CVE-2014-9734.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9277. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. MailEnable before 8.60 allows Directory Traversal for reading the messages of other users, uploading files, and deleting files because "/../" and "/.. /" are mishandled.
Query: vulnerability: Business Space in IBM WebSphere Process Server 6.1.2.0 through 7.0.0.5 and Business Process Manager Advanced 7.5.x through 7.5.1.2, 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0.x through 8.5.0.2, 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7454. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Business Space in IBM WebSphere Process Server 6.1.2.0 through 7.0.0.5 and Business Process Manager Advanced 7.5.x through 7.5.1.2, 8.0.x through 8.0.1.3, 8.5.0.x through 8.5.0.2, 8.5.5.x through 8.5.5.0, and 8.5.6.x through 8.5.6.2 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and create an arbitrary page or space via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8150. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Symantec Encryption Management Server (SEMS) 3.3.2 before MP12 allows local users to obtain root access by modifying a batch file.
Query: hunt for Domain Accounts activity
Matching passage: T1078.002 Domain Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.(Citation: TechNet Credential Theft) Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover users, administrators, and services.(Citation: Microsoft AD Accounts) Adversaries may compromise domain accounts, some with a high level of privileges, through various means such as [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003) or password reuse, allowing access to privileged resources of the domain.
Near-miss passage: T1078.001 Default Accounts. Tactics: stealth, persistence, privilege escalation, initial access. Description: Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems. Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS, the root user account in ESXi, and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes) Default accounts are not limited to client machines; rather, they also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications, whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module) Default accounts may be created on a system after initial setup by connecting or integrating it with another application. For example, when an ESXi server is connected to a vCenter server, a default privileged account called `vpxuser` is created on the ESXi server. If a threat actor is able to compromise this account’s credentials (for example, via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212) on the vCenter host), they will then have access to the ESXi server.(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence VMWare ESXi Zero-Day 2023)(Citation: Pentera vCenter Information Disclosure)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects usage of the netsh command to open and allow connections to port 3389 (RDP). As seen used by Sarwent Malware
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of the netsh command to open and allow connections to port 3389 (RDP). As seen used by Sarwent Malware. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: RDP Connection Allowed Via Netsh.EXE id: 01aeb693-138d-49d2-9403-c4f52d7d3d62 status: test description: Detects usage of the netsh command to open and allow connections to port 3389 (RDP). As seen used by Sarwent Malware references: - https://labs.sentinelone.com/sarwent-malware-updates-command-detonation/ author: Sander Wiebing date: 2020-05-23 modified: 2023-12-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \netsh.exe - OriginalFileName: netsh.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - 'firewall ' - 'add ' - 'tcp ' - '3389' CommandLine|contains: - portopening - allow condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activity level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: An attempt to export an AWS EC2 instance has been detected. A VM Export might indicate an attempt to extract information. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS EC2 VM Export Failure id: 54b9a76a-3c71-4673-b4b3-2edb4566ea7b status: test description: An attempt to export an AWS EC2 instance has been detected. A VM Export might indicate an attempt to extract information from an instance. references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vm-import/latest/userguide/vmexport.html#export-instance author: Diogo Braz date: 2020-04-16 modified: 2022-10-05 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1005 - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1537 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventName: CreateInstanceExportTask eventSource: ec2.amazonaws.com filter1: errorMessage|contains: '*' filter2: errorCode|contains: '*' filter3: responseElements|contains: Failure condition: selection and not 1 of filter* level: low
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-6343
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6343. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 5.0. The SIP implementation in Cisco IOS 15.5(3)M on Cisco Unified Border Element (CUBE) devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted SIP messages, aka Bug ID CSCuv79202.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8959. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.5. coders/dds.c in ImageMagick before 6.9.0-4 Beta allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a crafted DDS file.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8370
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8370. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Multiple integer underflows in Grub2 1.98 through 2.02 allow physically proximate attackers to bypass authentication, obtain sensitive information, or cause a denial of service (disk corruption) via backspace characters in the (1) grub_username_get function in grub-core/normal/auth.c or the (2) grub_password_get function in lib/crypto.c, which trigger an "Off-by-two" or "Out of bounds overwrite" memory error.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5265. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The wiki component in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.10, 2.8.x before 2.8.8, and 2.9.x before 2.9.2 does not consider the mod/wiki:managefiles capability before authorizing file management, which allows remote authenticated users to delete arbitrary files by using a manage-files button in a text editor.