alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: CWE for Insufficient Visual Distinction of Homoglyphs Presented to User
Matching passage: CWE-1007 Insufficient Visual Distinction of Homoglyphs Presented to User. The product displays information or identifiers to a user, but the display mechanism does not make it easy for the user to distinguish between visually similar or identical glyphs (homoglyphs), which may cause the user to misinterpret a glyph and perform an unintended, insecure action.
Near-miss passage: CWE-175 Improper Handling of Mixed Encoding. The product does not properly handle when the same input uses several different (mixed) encodings.
Query: risk of Apache Ambari before 2.1, as used in IBM Infosphere BigInsights 4.x before 4.1, includes cleartext passwords on a Configs screen, which allows physically proximate attackers to obt
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4928. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Apache Ambari before 2.1, as used in IBM Infosphere BigInsights 4.x before 4.1, includes cleartext passwords on a Configs screen, which allows physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading password fields.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1800. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. The samsung_extdisp driver in the Samsung S4 (GT-I9500) I9500XXUEMK8 kernel 3.4 and earlier allows attackers to potentially obtain sensitive information.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1950
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1950. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. IBM PowerVC Standard Edition 1.2.2.1 through 1.2.2.2 does not require authentication for access to the Python interpreter with nova credentials, which allows KVM guest OS users to discover certain PowerVC credentials and bypass intended access restrictions via unspecified Python code.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6742. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 6.5. Basware Banking (Maksuliikenne) before 8.90.07.X uses a hardcoded password for the ANCO account, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging knowledge of this password. NOTE: this identifier was SPLIT from CVE-2015-0942 per ADT2 and ADT3 due to different vulnerability types and different affected versions.
Query: vulnerability: The RPC service in Tripwire (formerly nCircle) IP360 VnE Manager 7.2.2 before 7.2.6 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and (1) enumerate users, (2) reset passwords, o
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6237. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The RPC service in Tripwire (formerly nCircle) IP360 VnE Manager 7.2.2 before 7.2.6 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and (1) enumerate users, (2) reset passwords, or (3) manipulate IP filter restrictions via crafted "privileged commands."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3442. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Soreco Xpert.Line 3.0 allows local users to spoof users and consequently gain privileges by intercepting a Windows API call.
Query: risk of Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the GD Infinite Scroll module before 7.x-1.4 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users with the "e
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1568. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the GD Infinite Scroll module before 7.x-1.4 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users with the "edit gd infinite scroll settings" permission for requests that delete settings via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4355. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Watchdog Aggregator module for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that enable or disable monitoring sites via unspecified vectors.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the use of PowerShell to execute the 'Set-MpPreference' cmdlet to configure Windows Defender's threat severity d
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of PowerShell to execute the 'Set-MpPreference' cmdlet to configure Windows Defender's threat severity d. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PowerShell Defender Threat Severity Default Action Set to 'Allow' or 'NoAction' id: 1e8a9b4d-3c2a-4f9b-8d1e-7c6a5b4f3d2e related: - id: 5a9e1b2c-8f7d-4a1e-9b3c-0f6d7e5a4b1f type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the use of PowerShell to execute the ''Set-MpPreference'' cmdlet to configure Windows Defender''s threat severity default action to ''Allow'' (value ''6'') or ''NoAction'' (value ''9''). This is a highly suspicious configuration change that effectively disables Defender''s ability to automatically mitigate threats of a certain severity level. An attacker might use this technique via the command line to bypass defenses before executing payloads. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/defender/set-mppreference - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/customize/desktop/unattend/security-malware-windows-defender-threatseveritydefaultaction - https://research.splunk.com/endpoint/7215831c-8252-4ae3-8d43-db588e82f952 - https://gist.github.com/Dump-GUY/8daef859f382b895ac6fd0cf094555d2 - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/ author: Matt Anderson (Huntress) date: 2025-07-11 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_cmdlet: CommandLine|contains: Set-MpPreference selection_action: CommandLine|contains: - -LowThreatDefaultAction - -ModerateThreatDefaultAction - -HighThreatDefaultAction - -SevereThreatDefaultAction - '-ltdefac ' - '-mtdefac ' - '-htdefac ' - '-stdefac ' selection_value: CommandLine|contains: - Allow - '6' - NoAction - '9' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Highly unlikely level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a code page switch in command line or batch scripts to a rare language. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious CodePage Switch Via CHCP id: c7942406-33dd-4377-a564-0f62db0593a3 status: test description: Detects a code page switch in command line or batch scripts to a rare language references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/intl/code-page-identifiers - https://twitter.com/cglyer/status/1183756892952248325 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jonhnathan Ribeiro, oscd.community date: 2019-10-14 modified: 2023-03-07 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1036 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \chcp.com CommandLine|endswith: - ' 936' - ' 1258' condition: selection falsepositives: - Administrative activity (adjust code pages according to your organization's region) level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_chcp_codepage_switch/info.yml
Query: secure coding against Logic/Time Bomb
Matching passage: CWE-511 Logic/Time Bomb. The product contains code that is designed to disrupt the legitimate operation of the product (or its environment) when a certain time passes, or when a certain logical condition is met.
Near-miss passage: CWE-628 Function Call with Incorrectly Specified Arguments. The product calls a function, procedure, or routine with arguments that are not correctly specified, leading to always-incorrect behavior and resultant weaknesses.
Query: containment actions for Suspicious Hidden Files and Directories execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: Playbook for T1564.001 Hidden Files and Directories. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1564.001. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may set files and directories to be hidden to evade detection mechanisms. To prevent normal users from accidentally changing special files on a system, most operating systems have the concept of a ‘hidden’ file. These files don’t show up when a user browses the file system with a GUI or when using normal commands on the command line. Users must explicitly ask to show the hidden files e
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1564 Hide Artifacts. Different response path focused on stealth.
Query: risk of Race condition in Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool (MSRT) before 5.26 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted DLL, aka "MSRT Race Condition Vulnerability."
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2418. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Race condition in Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool (MSRT) before 5.26 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted DLL, aka "MSRT Race Condition Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1340. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. LXD before version 0.19-0ubuntu5 doUidshiftIntoContainer() has an unsafe Chmod() call that races against the stat in the Filepath.Walk() function. A symbolic link created in that window could cause any file on the system to have any mode of the attacker's choice.
Query: risk of The webGUI configuration-export feature in Cisco Edge Bluebird Operating System 1.2 on Edge 340 devices allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unspec
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4308. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The webGUI configuration-export feature in Cisco Edge Bluebird Operating System 1.2 on Edge 340 devices allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuu43968.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0583. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco WebEx Meeting Center does not properly restrict the content of URLs, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors related to file: URIs, aka Bug ID CSCus18281.
Query: Lateral movement indicators for Email Collection
Matching passage: T1114 Email Collection. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may target user email to collect sensitive information. Emails may contain sensitive data, including trade secrets or personal information, that can prove valuable to adversaries. Emails may also contain details of ongoing incident response operations, which may allow adversaries to adjust their techniques in order to maintain persistence or evade defenses.(Citation: TrustedSec OOB Communications)(Citation: CISA AA20-352A 2021) Adversaries can collect or forward email from mail servers or clients.
Near-miss passage: T1114.003 Email Forwarding Rule. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim’s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface. Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules) Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more. Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsof
Query: alert when Detects the creation of binaries in the WinSxS folder by non-system processes
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of binaries in the WinSxS folder by non-system processes. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: WinSxS Executable File Creation By Non-System Process id: 34746e8c-5fb8-415a-b135-0abc167e912a related: - id: 64827580-e4c3-4c64-97eb-c72325d45399 type: derived status: test description: Detects the creation of binaries in the WinSxS folder by non-system processes references: - https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/09/2003218554/-1/-1/0/JOINT_CSA_HUNTING_RU_INTEL_SNAKE_MALWARE_20230509.PDF author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-11 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Windows\WinSxS\ TargetFilename|endswith: .exe filter_main_system_location: Image|startswith: - C:\Windows\Systems32\ - C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ - C:\Windows\WinSxS\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects logs clearing attempts on Linux systems via utilities such as 'rm', 'rmdir', 'shred', and 'unlink' targeting log. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Linux Logs Clearing Attempts id: 80915f59-9b56-4616-9de0-fd0dea6c12fe status: stable description: 'Detects logs clearing attempts on Linux systems via utilities such as ''rm'', ''rmdir'', ''shred'', and ''unlink'' targeting log files and directories. Adversaries often try to clear logs to cover their tracks after performing malicious activities. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1070.002/T1070.002.md author: Ömer Günal, oscd.community date: 2020-10-07 modified: 2026-03-18 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.006 logsource: product: linux category: process_creation detection: selection: Image|endswith: - /rm - /rmdir - /shred - /unlink CommandLine|contains: - /var/log - /var/spool/mail filter_main_legit_systat: Image|endswith: /rm CommandLine|startswith: rm -f /var/log/sysstat/ filter_main_dmseg: Image|endswith: /rm CommandLine|startswith: rm -f -- /var/log//dmesg condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by IDE Tunneling
Matching passage: T1219.001 IDE Tunneling. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may abuse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) software with remote development features to establish an interactive command and control channel on target systems within a network. IDE tunneling combines SSH, port forwarding, file sharing, and debugging into a single secure connection, letting developers work on remote systems as if they were local. Unlike SSH and port forwarding, IDE tunneling encapsulates an entire session and may use proprietary tunneling protocols alongside SSH, allowing adversaries to blend in with legitimate development workflows. Some IDEs, like Visual Studio Code, also provide CLI tools (e.g., `code tunnel`) that adversaries may use to programmatically establish tunnels and generate web-accessible URLs for remote access. These tunnels can be authenticated through accounts such as GitHub, enabling the adversary to control the compromised system via a legitimate developer portal.(Citation: sentinelone operationDigitalEye Dec 2024)(Citation: Unit42 Chinese VSCode 06 September 2024)(Citation: Thornton tutorial VSCode shell September 2023) Additionally, adversaries may use IDE tunneling for persistence. Some IDEs, such as Visual Studio Code and JetBrains, support automatic reconnection. Adversaries may configure the IDE to auto-launch at startup, re-establishing the tunnel upon execution. Compromised developer machines may also be exploited as jump hosts to move further into the network. IDE tunneling tools may be built-in or installed as [IDE Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/002).
Near-miss passage: T1219.002 Remote Desktop Software. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate desktop support software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. Desktop support software provides a graphical interface for remotely controlling another computer, transmitting the display output, keyboard input, and mouse control between devices using various protocols. Desktop support software, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software such as Zoom or Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop.(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Query: exploit The __rds_conn_create function in net/rds/connection.c in the Linux kernel through 4.2.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash)
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6937. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. The __rds_conn_create function in net/rds/connection.c in the Linux kernel through 4.2.3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact by using a socket that was not properly bound.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4859. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Enterprise Manager Base Platform component in Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control 12.1.0.4 and 12.1.0.5 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality and integrity via unknown vectors related to Agent Next Gen.
Query: weakness Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation
Matching passage: CWE-1240 Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation. To fulfill the need for a cryptographic primitive, the product implements a cryptographic algorithm using a non-standard, unproven, or disallowed/non-compliant cryptographic implementation.
Near-miss passage: CWE-506 Embedded Malicious Code. The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature.
Query: vulnerability: Remote Desktop Session Host (RDSH) in Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) through 8.1 in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Window
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2472. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Remote Desktop Session Host (RDSH) in Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) through 8.1 in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly verify certificates, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof clients via a crafted certificate with valid Issuer and Serial Number fields, aka "Remote Desktop Session Host Spoofing Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5074. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Incomplete blacklist vulnerability in the FileUploadsFilter class in protected/components/filters/FileUploadsFilter.php in X2Engine X2CRM before 5.0.9 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code by uploading a file with a .pht extension.
Query: vulnerability: Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the ePO extension in McAfee Data Loss Prevention Endpoint (DLPe) before 9.3.400 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary we
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1617. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the ePO extension in McAfee Data Loss Prevention Endpoint (DLPe) before 9.3.400 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0738. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Web Tracking Report page on Cisco Web Security Appliance (WSA) devices 8.5.0-497 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via an unspecified field, aka Bug ID CSCuu16008.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8444
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8444. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8045, CVE-2015-8047, CVE-2015-8060, CVE-2015-8408, CVE-2015-8416, CVE-2015-8417, CVE-2015-8418, CVE-2015-8419, CVE-2015-8443, CVE-2015-8451, and CVE-2015-8455.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9150. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile MDM9625, MDM9635M, SD 400, and SD 800, while computing the length of memory allocated for a Diag event, if the buffer length is very small or greater than the maximum, an integer overflow may occur, which later results in a buffer overflow.
Query: vulnerability: Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Zope Management Interface 4.3.7 and earlier, and Plone before 5.x.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7293. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Zope Management Interface 4.3.7 and earlier, and Plone before 5.x.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5081. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in django CMS before 3.0.14, 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to manipulate privileged users into performing unknown actions via unspecified vectors.