alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: intelligence brief on T1595.001
Matching passage: T1595.001 Scanning IP Blocks. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Adversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Near-miss passage: T1595.003 Wordlist Scanning. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may iteratively probe infrastructure using brute-forcing and crawling techniques. While this technique employs similar methods to [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110), its goal is the identification of content and infrastructure rather than the discovery of valid credentials. Wordlists used in these scans may contain generic, commonly used names and file extensions or terms specific to a particular software. Adversaries may also create custom, target-specific wordlists using data gathered from other Reconnaissance techniques (ex: [Gather Victim Org Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1591), or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). For example, adversaries may use web content discovery tools such as Dirb, DirBuster, and GoBuster and generic or custom wordlists to enumerate a website’s pages and directories.(Citation: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021) This can help them to discover old, vulnerable pages or hidden administrative portals that could become the target of further operations (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [Brute Force](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110)). As cloud storage solutions typically use globally unique names, adversaries may also use target-specific wordlists and tools such as s3recon and GCPBucketBrute to enumerate public and private buckets on cloud infrastructure.(Citation: S3Recon GitHub)(Citation: GCPBucketBrute) Once storage objects are discovered, adversaries may leverage [Data from Cloud Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530) to access valuable information that can be exfiltrated or used to escalate privileges and move laterally.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4197
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4197. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cisco NX-OS 5.2(5) on Nexus 7000 devices allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device crash) by sending a malformed LLDP packet on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCud89415.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8217. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The ff_hevc_parse_sps function in libavcodec/hevc_ps.c in FFmpeg before 2.8.2 does not validate the Chroma Format Indicator, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds array access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) data.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the "iscsicpl.exe" UAC bypass technique that leverages a DLL Search Order hijacking technique to load a custom D
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the "iscsicpl.exe" UAC bypass technique that leverages a DLL Search Order hijacking technique to load a custom D. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: UAC Bypass Using Iscsicpl - ImageLoad id: 9ed5959a-c43c-4c59-84e3-d28628429456 status: test description: Detects the "iscsicpl.exe" UAC bypass technique that leverages a DLL Search Order hijacking technique to load a custom DLL's from temp or a any user controlled location in the users %PATH% references: - https://github.com/hackerhouse-opensource/iscsicpl_bypassUAC - https://twitter.com/wdormann/status/1547583317410607110 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-17 modified: 2022-07-25 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548.002 logsource: product: windows category: image_load detection: selection: Image: C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iscsicpl.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: \iscsiexe.dll filter: ImageLoaded|contains|all: - C:\Windows\ - iscsiexe.dll condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious execution of Sysinternals PsSuspend, where the utility is used to suspend critical processes such as. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Sysinternals PsSuspend Suspicious Execution id: 4beb6ae0-f85b-41e2-8f18-8668abc8af78 related: - id: 48bbc537-b652-4b4e-bd1d-281172df448f type: similar status: test description: Detects suspicious execution of Sysinternals PsSuspend, where the utility is used to suspend critical processes such as AV or EDR to bypass defenses references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/pssuspend - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1638069413717975046 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-03-23 modified: 2026-06-29 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - OriginalFileName: pssuspend.exe - Image|endswith: - \pssuspend.exe - \pssuspend64.exe - \pssuspend64a.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: msmpeng.exe condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: rule covering Detects attempts to modify the registry using VBScript's CreateObject("Wscript.shell") and RegWrite methods via common L
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects attempts to modify the registry using VBScript's CreateObject("Wscript.shell") and RegWrite methods via common L. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Registry Modification Attempt Via VBScript id: 921aa10f-2e74-4cca-9498-98f9ca4d6fdf related: - id: 2a0a169d-cc66-43ce-9ae2-6e678e54e46a type: similar - id: 7f4c43f9-b1a5-4c7d-b24a-b41bf3a3ebf2 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects attempts to modify the registry using VBScript''s CreateObject("Wscript.shell") and RegWrite methods via common LOLBINs. It could be an attempt to modify the registry for persistence without using straightforward methods like regedit.exe, reg.exe, or PowerShell. Threat Actors may use this technique to evade detection by security solutions that monitor for direct registry modifications through traditional tools. ' references: - https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mauricefielenbach_livingofftheland-redteam-persistence-activity-7344801774182051843-TE00/ - https://www.nextron-systems.com/2025/07/29/detecting-the-most-popular-mitre-persistence-method-registry-run-keys-startup-folder/ date: 2025-08-13 author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 - attack.t1059.005 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - CreateObject - Wscript.shell - .RegWrite condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects remote RPC calls useb by SharpHound to map remote connections and local group membership.. Logsource: rpc_firewall / application. Rule: title: SharpHound Recon Sessions id: 6d580420-ff3f-4e0e-b6b0-41b90c787e28 status: test description: Detects remote RPC calls useb by SharpHound to map remote connections and local group membership. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-srvs/02b1f559-fda2-4ba3-94c2-806eb2777183 - https://github.com/jsecurity101/MSRPC-to-ATTACK/blob/ddd4608fe8684fcf2fcf9b48c5f0b3c28097f8a3/documents/MS-SRVS.md - https://github.com/zeronetworks/rpcfirewall - https://zeronetworks.com/blog/stopping-lateral-movement-via-the-rpc-firewall/ author: Sagie Dulce, Dekel Paz date: 2022-01-01 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1033 logsource: product: rpc_firewall category: application definition: 'Requirements: install and apply the RPC Firewall to all processes with "audit:true action:block uuid:4b324fc8-1670-01d3-1278-5a47bf6ee188 opnum:12' detection: selection: EventLog: RPCFW EventID: 3 InterfaceUuid: 4b324fc8-1670-01d3-1278-5a47bf6ee188 OpNum: 12 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-10114
Matching passage: CVE-2015-10114. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in WooSidebars Plugin up to 1.4.1 on WordPress. Affected by this issue is the function enable_custom_post_sidebars of the file classes/class-woo-sidebars.php. The manipulation of the argument sendback leads to open redirect. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.4.2 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as 1ac6d6ac26e185673f95fc1ccc56a392169ba601. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-230654 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0697. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the login page in Cisco TC Software before 6.3-26 and 7.x before 7.3.0 on Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Desk and Room Endpoints devices allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq94980.
Query: Suspicious Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location execution detected on endpoint
Matching passage: T1036.005 Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files, Registry keys, or other resources when naming/placing them. This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: `svchost.exe`). Alternatively, a Windows Registry key may be given a close approximation to a key used by a legitimate program. In containerized environments, a threat actor may create a resource in a trusted namespace or one that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster.(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Backdoor 2023)
Near-miss passage: T1036.003 Rename Legitimate Utilities. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may rename legitimate / system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for legitimate utilities adversaries are capable of abusing, including both built-in binaries and tools such as PSExec, AutoHotKey, and IronPython.(Citation: LOLBAS Main Site)(Citation: Huntress Python Malware 2025)(Citation: The DFIR Report AutoHotKey 2023)(Citation: Splunk Detect Renamed PSExec) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename <code>rundll32.exe</code>).(Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on these utilities executing from non-standard paths.(Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)
Query: rule covering Detecting attempts to extract passwords with grep and laZagne
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detecting attempts to extract passwords with grep and laZagne. Logsource: macos / process_creation. Rule: title: Credentials In Files id: 53b1b378-9b06-4992-b972-dde6e423d2b4 status: test description: Detecting attempts to extract passwords with grep and laZagne references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1552.001/T1552.001.md author: Igor Fits, Mikhail Larin, oscd.community date: 2020-10-19 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1552.001 logsource: product: macos category: process_creation detection: selection1: Image|endswith: /grep CommandLine|contains: password selection2: CommandLine|contains: laZagne condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the usage of "reg.exe" in order to dump sensitive registry hives. This includes SAM, SYSTEM and SECURITY hives.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Dumping of Sensitive Hives Via Reg.EXE id: fd877b94-9bb5-4191-bb25-d79cbd93c167 related: - id: 038cd51c-3ad8-41c5-ba8f-5d1c92f3cc1e type: obsolete - id: 4d6c9da1-318b-4edf-bcea-b6c93fa98fd0 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects the usage of "reg.exe" in order to dump sensitive registry hives. This includes SAM, SYSTEM and SECURITY hives. references: - https://www.slideshare.net/heirhabarov/hunting-for-credentials-dumping-in-windows-environment - https://eqllib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/analytics/aed95fc6-5e3f-49dc-8b35-06508613f979.html - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1003/T1003.md - https://www.wietzebeukema.nl/blog/windows-command-line-obfuscation - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1003.002/T1003.002.md#atomic-test-1---registry-dump-of-sam-creds-and-secrets author: Teymur Kheirkhabarov, Endgame, JHasenbusch, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community, frack113 date: 2019-10-22 modified: 2023-12-13 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.002 - attack.t1003.004 - attack.t1003.005 - car.2013-07-001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \reg.exe - OriginalFileName: reg.exe selection_cli_flag: CommandLine|contains: - ' save ' - ' export ' - ' ˢave ' - ' eˣport ' selection_cli_hklm: CommandLine|contains: - hklm - hk˪m - hkey_local_machine - hkey_˪ocal_machine - hkey_loca˪_machine - hkey_˪oca˪_machine selection_cli_hive: CommandLine|contains: - \system - \sam - \security - \ˢystem - \syˢtem - \ˢyˢtem - \ˢam - \ˢecurity condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Dumping hives for legitimate purpouse i.e. backup or forensic investigation level: high
Query: threat report mentioning IDE Tunneling
Matching passage: T1219.001 IDE Tunneling. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may abuse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) software with remote development features to establish an interactive command and control channel on target systems within a network. IDE tunneling combines SSH, port forwarding, file sharing, and debugging into a single secure connection, letting developers work on remote systems as if they were local. Unlike SSH and port forwarding, IDE tunneling encapsulates an entire session and may use proprietary tunneling protocols alongside SSH, allowing adversaries to blend in with legitimate development workflows. Some IDEs, like Visual Studio Code, also provide CLI tools (e.g., `code tunnel`) that adversaries may use to programmatically establish tunnels and generate web-accessible URLs for remote access. These tunnels can be authenticated through accounts such as GitHub, enabling the adversary to control the compromised system via a legitimate developer portal.(Citation: sentinelone operationDigitalEye Dec 2024)(Citation: Unit42 Chinese VSCode 06 September 2024)(Citation: Thornton tutorial VSCode shell September 2023) Additionally, adversaries may use IDE tunneling for persistence. Some IDEs, such as Visual Studio Code and JetBrains, support automatic reconnection. Adversaries may configure the IDE to auto-launch at startup, re-establishing the tunnel upon execution. Compromised developer machines may also be exploited as jump hosts to move further into the network. IDE tunneling tools may be built-in or installed as [IDE Extensions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1176/002).
Near-miss passage: T1219.003 Remote Access Hardware. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate remote access hardware to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. These services, including IP-based keyboard, video, or mouse (KVM) devices such as TinyPilot and PiKVM, are commonly used as legitimate tools and may be allowed by peripheral device policies within a target environment. Remote access hardware may be physically installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or as a way to establish an interactive remote session with the target system. Using hardware-based remote access tools may allow threat actors to bypass software security solutions and gain more control over the compromised device(s).(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 North Korean IT Workers 2024)(Citation: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence DPRK IT Workers 2024)
Query: common weakness: Generation of Weak Initialization Vector (IV)
Matching passage: CWE-1204 Generation of Weak Initialization Vector (IV). The product uses a cryptographic primitive that uses an Initialization Vector (IV), but the product does not generate IVs that are sufficiently unpredictable or unique according to the expected cryptographic requirements for that primitive.
Near-miss passage: CWE-520 .NET Misconfiguration: Use of Impersonation. Allowing a .NET application to run at potentially escalated levels of access to the underlying operating and file systems can be dangerous and result in various forms of attacks.
Query: detect Redundant Access
Matching passage: T1108 Redundant Access. Tactics: stealth, persistence. Description: **This technique has been deprecated. Please use [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003), and [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) where appropriate.** Adversaries may use more than one remote access tool with varying command and control protocols or credentialed access to remote services so they can maintain access if an access mechanism is detected or mitigated. If one type of tool is detected and blocked or removed as a response but the organization did not gain a full understanding of the adversary's tools and access, then the adversary will be able to retain access to the network. Adversaries may also attempt to gain access to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) such as external VPNs as a way to maintain access despite interruptions to remote access tools deployed within a target network.(Citation: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also retain access through cloud-based infrastructure and applications. Use of a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1100) is one such way to maintain access to a network through an externally accessible Web server.
Near-miss passage: T1543.005 Container Service. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may create or modify container or container cluster management tools that run as daemons, agents, or services on individual hosts. These include software for creating and managing individual containers, such as Docker and Podman, as well as container cluster node-level agents such as kubelet. By modifying these services, an adversary may be able to achieve persistence or escalate their privileges on a host. For example, by using the `docker run` or `podman run` command with the `restart=always` directive, a container can be configured to persistently restart on the host.(Citation: AquaSec TeamTNT 2023) A user with access to the (rootful) docker command may also be able to escalate their privileges on the host.(Citation: GTFOBins Docker) In Kubernetes environments, DaemonSets allow an adversary to persistently [Deploy Container](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610)s on all nodes, including ones added later to the cluster.(Citation: Aquasec Kubernetes Attack 2023)(Citation: Kubernetes DaemonSet) Pods can also be deployed to specific nodes using the `nodeSelector` or `nodeName` fields in the pod spec.(Citation: Kubernetes Assigning Pods to Nodes)(Citation: AppSecco Kubernetes Namespace Breakout 2020) Note that containers can also be configured to run as [Systemd Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/002)s.(Citation: Podman Systemd)(Citation: Docker Systemd)
Query: vulnerability: PCRE before 8.38 mishandles the interaction of lookbehind assertions and mutually recursive subpatterns, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8386. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. PCRE before 8.38 mishandles the interaction of lookbehind assertions and mutually recursive subpatterns, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted regular expression, as demonstrated by a JavaScript RegExp object encountered by Konqueror.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3795. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. libxpc in Apple iOS before 8.4.1 and OS X before 10.10.5 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app that sends a malformed XPC message.
Query: alert when Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing comm
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing comm. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Suspicious Outbound SMTP Connections id: 9976fa64-2804-423c-8a5b-646ade840773 status: test description: 'Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1048.003/T1048.003.md#atomic-test-5---exfiltration-over-alternative-protocol---smtp - https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt author: frack113 date: 2022-01-07 modified: 2022-09-21 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048.003 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: DestinationPort: - 25 - 587 - 465 - 2525 Initiated: 'true' filter_clients: Image|endswith: - \thunderbird.exe - \outlook.exe filter_mailserver: Image|startswith: C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\ filter_outlook: Image|startswith: C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\microsoft.windowscommunicationsapps_ Image|endswith: \HxTsr.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Other SMTP tools level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious renamed SysInternals DebugView execution. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed SysInternals DebugView Execution id: cd764533-2e07-40d6-a718-cfeec7f2da7f status: test description: Detects suspicious renamed SysInternals DebugView execution references: - https://www.epicturla.com/blog/sysinturla author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-05-28 modified: 2023-02-14 tags: - attack.resource-development - attack.t1588.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Product: Sysinternals DebugView filter: OriginalFileName: Dbgview.exe Image|endswith: \Dbgview.exe condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high