alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1721
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1721. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Null Pointer Dereference Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4047. CWE: CWE-476. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. racoon/gssapi.c in IPsec-Tools 0.8.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and IKE daemon crash) via a series of crafted UDP requests.
Query: explain T1036.012 Browser Fingerprint
Matching passage: T1036.012 Browser Fingerprint. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to blend in with legitimate traffic by spoofing browser and system attributes like operating system, system language, platform, user-agent string, resolution, time zone, etc. The HTTP User-Agent request header is a string that lets servers and network peers identify the application, operating system, vendor, and/or version of the requesting user agent.(Citation: Mozilla User Agent) Adversaries may gather this information through [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082) or by users navigating to adversary-controlled websites, and then use that information to craft their web traffic to evade defenses.(Citation: Gummy Browsers Targeted Browser Spoofing against State-of-the-Art Fingerprinting Techniques)
Near-miss passage: T1036.008 Masquerade File Type. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may masquerade malicious payloads as legitimate files through changes to the payload's formatting, including the file’s signature, extension, icon, and contents. Various file types have a typical standard format, including how they are encoded and organized. For example, a file’s signature (also known as header or magic bytes) is the beginning bytes of a file and is often used to identify the file’s type. For example, the header of a JPEG file, is <code> 0xFF 0xD8</code> and the file extension is either `.JPE`, `.JPEG` or `.JPG`. Adversaries may edit the header’s hex code and/or the file extension of a malicious payload in order to bypass file validation checks and/or input sanitization. This behavior is commonly used when payload files are transferred (e.g., [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105)) and stored (e.g., [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001)) so that adversaries may move their malware without triggering detections. Common non-executable file types and extensions, such as text files (`.txt`) and image files (`.jpg`, `.gif`, etc.) may be typically treated as benign. Based on this, adversaries may use a file extension to disguise malware, such as naming a PHP backdoor code with a file name of <code>test.gif</code>. A user may not know that a file is malicious due to the benign appearance and file extension. Polyglot files, which are files that have multiple different file types and that function differently based on the application that will execute them, may also be used to disguise malicious malware and capabilities.(Citation: polygot_icedID)
Query: vulnerability: attach.c in LXC 1.1.2 and earlier uses the proc filesystem in a container, which allows local container users to escape AppArmor or SELinux confinement by mounting a proc filesyste
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1334. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. attach.c in LXC 1.1.2 and earlier uses the proc filesystem in a container, which allows local container users to escape AppArmor or SELinux confinement by mounting a proc filesystem with a crafted (1) AppArmor profile or (2) SELinux label.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2751. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Xen 4.3.x, 4.4.x, and 4.5.x, when using toolstack disaggregation, allows remote domains with partial management control to cause a denial of service (host lock) via unspecified domctl operations.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0511
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0511. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 2.799999952316284. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.23 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : SP.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8765. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.300000190734863. Intel McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (ePO) 4.6.9 and earlier, 5.0.x, 5.1.x before 5.1.3 Hotfix 1106041, and 5.3.x before 5.3.1 Hotfix 1106041 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted serialized Java object, related to the Apache Commons Collections (ACC) library.
Query: vulnerability: Integer overflow in the pixops_scale_nearest function in pixops/pixops.c in gdk-pixbuf before 2.32.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) and po
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7674. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the pixops_scale_nearest function in pixops/pixops.c in gdk-pixbuf before 2.32.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted GIF image file, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3864. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 10.0. Integer underflow in the MPEG4Extractor::parseChunk function in MPEG4Extractor.cpp in libstagefright in mediaserver in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48M allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted MPEG-4 data, aka internal bug 23034759. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-3824.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries can carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. This rule is built to detect. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Virtualbox Driver Installation or Starting of VMs id: bab049ca-7471-4828-9024-38279a4c04da status: test description: Adversaries can carry out malicious operations using a virtual instance to avoid detection. This rule is built to detect the registration of the Virtualbox driver or start of a Virtualbox VM. references: - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2020/05/21/ragnar-locker-ransomware-deploys-virtual-machine-to-dodge-security/ - https://threatpost.com/maze-ransomware-ragnar-locker-virtual-machine/159350/ author: Janantha Marasinghe date: 2020-09-26 modified: 2025-07-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.006 - attack.t1564 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: - VBoxRT.dll,RTR3Init - VBoxC.dll - VBoxDrv.sys selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - startvm - controlvm condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - This may have false positives on hosts where Virtualbox is legitimately being used for operations level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with the "-f" flag in order to load a response file which might contain a malicious acti. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Response File Execution Via Odbcconf.EXE id: 5f03babb-12db-4eec-8c82-7b4cb5580868 related: - id: 2d32dd6f-3196-4093-b9eb-1ad8ab088ca5 type: similar - id: 65d2be45-8600-4042-b4c0-577a1ff8a60e type: obsolete status: test description: Detects execution of "odbcconf" with the "-f" flag in order to load a response file which might contain a malicious action. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/odbc/odbcconf-exe?view=sql-server-ver16 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Odbcconf/ - https://www.cybereason.com/blog/threat-analysis-report-bumblebee-loader-the-high-road-to-enterprise-domain-control - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2020/08/23/odbcconf-lolbin-trifecta/ author: Kirill Kiryanov, Beyu Denis, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, oscd.community, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-22 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218.008 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \odbcconf.exe - OriginalFileName: odbcconf.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -f ' selection_rsp_ext: CommandLine|contains: .rsp condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - The rule is looking for any usage of response file, which might generate false positive when this function is used legitimately. Investigate the contents of the ".rsp" file to determine if it is malicious and apply additional filters if necessary. level: medium
Query: risk of Dell Integrated Remote Access Controller (iDRAC) 6 before 2.80 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary administrative HTTP commands.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7274. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Dell Integrated Remote Access Controller (iDRAC) 6 before 2.80 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary administrative HTTP commands.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5636. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The Newphoria Reversi application before 1.0.3 for Android and before 1.2 for iOS allows attackers to bypass a URL whitelist protection mechanism and obtain API access via unspecified vectors.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3375
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3375. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Shibboleth Authentication module before 6.x-4.1 and 7.x-4.x before 7.x-4.1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that delete user role matching rules via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5395. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in SOGo before 3.1.0.
Query: hunt for Service Stop activity
Matching passage: T1489 Service Stop. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users. Stopping critical services or processes can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) Adversaries may accomplish this by disabling individual services of high importance to an organization, such as <code>MSExchangeIS</code>, which will make Exchange content inaccessible.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) In some cases, adversaries may stop or disable many or all services to render systems unusable.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Services or processes may not allow for modification of their data stores while running. Adversaries may stop services or processes in order to conduct [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) on the data stores of services like Exchange and SQL Server, or on virtual machines hosted on ESXi infrastructure.(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)(Citation: Crowdstrike Hypervisor Jackpotting Pt 2 2021) Threat actors may also disable or stop service in cloud environments. For example, by leveraging the `DisableAPIServiceAccess` API in AWS, a threat actor may prevent the service from creating service-linked roles on new accounts in the AWS Organization.(Citation: Datadog Security Labs Cloud Persistence 2025)(Citation: AWS DisableAWSServiceAccess)
Near-miss passage: T1491.001 Internal Defacement. Tactics: impact. Description: An adversary may deface systems internal to an organization in an attempt to intimidate or mislead users, thus discrediting the integrity of the systems. This may take the form of modifications to internal websites or server login messages, or directly to user systems with the replacement of the desktop wallpaper.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Varonis) Disturbing or offensive images may be used as a part of [Internal Defacement](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/001) in order to cause user discomfort, or to pressure compliance with accompanying messages. Since internally defacing systems exposes an adversary's presence, it often takes place after other intrusion goals have been accomplished.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)
Query: describe CVE-2015-2587
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2587. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Siebel UI Framework component in Oracle Siebel CRM 8.1.1, 8.2.2, and 15.0 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via vectors related to SWSE Server Infrastructure.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Node Invite module before 6.x-2.5 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the destination parameter.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1366
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1366. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the image_user parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0727. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HTTP module in Cisco Security Manager (CSM) 4.7(0)SP1(1) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCut27789.
Query: telemetry for T1021.006
Matching passage: T1021.006 Windows Remote Management. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to interact with remote systems using Windows Remote Management (WinRM). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. WinRM is the name of both a Windows service and a protocol that allows a user to interact with a remote system (e.g., run an executable, modify the Registry, modify services).(Citation: Microsoft WinRM) It may be called with the `winrm` command or by any number of programs such as PowerShell.(Citation: Jacobsen 2014) WinRM can be used as a method of remotely interacting with [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047).(Citation: MSDN WMI)
Near-miss passage: T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to log into a computer using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The adversary may then perform actions as the logged-on user. Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS).(Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) Adversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008) or [Terminal Services DLL](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/005) for Persistence.(Citation: Alperovitch Malware)
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the removal of a port or application rule in the Windows Firewall configuration using netsh. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Firewall Rule Deleted Via Netsh.EXE id: 1a5fefe6-734f-452e-a07d-fc1c35bce4b2 status: test description: Detects the removal of a port or application rule in the Windows Firewall configuration using netsh references: - https://app.any.run/tasks/8bbd5b4c-b82d-4e6d-a3ea-d454594a37cc/ author: frack113 date: 2022-08-14 modified: 2025-10-07 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1686.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \netsh.exe - OriginalFileName: netsh.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - firewall - 'delete ' filter_optional_dropbox: ParentImage|endswith: \Dropbox.exe CommandLine|contains: name=Dropbox filter_optional_avast: ParentImage|endswith: \instup.exe CommandLine|contains: advfirewall firewall delete rule name="Avast Antivirus Admin Client" condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activity - Software installations and removal level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects processes loading the non-existent DLL "ShellChromeAPI". One known example is the "DeviceEnroller" binary in com. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: DLL Sideloading Of ShellChromeAPI.DLL id: ee4c5d06-3abc-48cc-8885-77f1c20f4451 related: - id: e173ad47-4388-4012-ae62-bd13f71c18a8 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects processes loading the non-existent DLL "ShellChromeAPI". One known example is the "DeviceEnroller" binary in combination with the "PhoneDeepLink" flag tries to load this DLL. Adversaries can drop their own renamed DLL and execute it via DeviceEnroller.exe using this parameter ' references: - https://mobile.twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1564131230941122561 - https://strontic.github.io/xcyclopedia/library/DeviceEnroller.exe-24BEF0D6B0ECED36BB41831759FDE18D.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-12-01 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1574.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: \ShellChromeAPI.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: The NTFS implementation in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information for the kernel via a crafted app.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3711. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The NTFS implementation in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information for the kernel via a crafted app.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2286. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. lms/templates/footer-edx-new.html in Open edX edx-platform before 2015-01-29 does not properly restrict links on the password-reset page, which allows user-assisted remote attackers to discover password-reset tokens by reading a referer log after a victim navigates from this page to a social-sharing site.
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in EMC RSA Certificate Manager (RCM) before 6.9 build 558 and RSA Registration Manager (RRM) before 6.9 build 558 allows remote authenticat
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0521. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 3.5. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in EMC RSA Certificate Manager (RCM) before 6.9 build 558 and RSA Registration Manager (RRM) before 6.9 build 558 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors related to the CMP shared secret parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5008. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in IBM WebSphere Commerce 6.0 through FP11, 6.0 Feature Pack 4, 7.0 through FP9, 7.0 Feature Pack 5 through 8, and 8.0 before 8.0.0.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u75, 6u85, 7u72, and 8u25; Java SE Embedded 7u71 and 8u6; and JRockit R27.8.4 and R28.3.4 allows local users to affect integrity and 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0383. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.400000095367432. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 5.0u75, 6u85, 7u72, and 8u25; Java SE Embedded 7u71 and 8u6; and JRockit R27.8.4 and R28.3.4 allows local users to affect integrity and availability via unknown vectors related to Hotspot.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7917. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Untrusted search path vulnerability in Open Automation OPC Systems.NET 8.00.0023 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-5899
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5899. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. libpthread in the kernel in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2408. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1767 and CVE-2015-2401.
Query: write Sigma for Detect possible persistence using Fax DLL load when service restart
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detect possible persistence using Fax DLL load when service restart. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Change the Fax Dll id: 9e3357ba-09d4-4fbd-a7c5-ad6386314513 status: test description: Detect possible persistence using Fax DLL load when service restart references: - https://twitter.com/dottor_morte/status/1544652325570191361 - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RiccardoAncarani/talks/master/F-Secure/unorthodox-lateral-movement.pdf author: frack113 date: 2022-07-17 modified: 2022-12-30 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: product: windows category: registry_set detection: selection: TargetObject|contains|all: - \Software\Microsoft\Fax\Device Providers\ - \ImageName filter: Details: '%systemroot%\system32\fxst30.dll' condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects attempts to disable AMSI (Anti-Malware Scan Interface) by modifying the AmsiEnable registry value. Anti-Malware. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: AMSI Disabled via Registry Modification id: aa37cbb0-da36-42cb-a90f-fdf216fc7467 related: - id: 7dbbcac2-57a0-45ac-b306-ff30a8bd2981 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects attempts to disable AMSI (Anti-Malware Scan Interface) by modifying the AmsiEnable registry value. Anti-Malware Scan Interface (AMSI) is a security feature in Windows that allows applications and services to integrate with anti-malware products for enhanced protection against malicious content. Adversaries may attempt to disable AMSI to evade detection by security software, allowing them to execute malicious scripts or code without being scanned. ' references: - https://mostafayahiax.medium.com/hunting-for-amsi-bypassing-methods-9886dda0bf9d - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/amsi/antimalware-scan-interface-portal - https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2019/02/macros-and-more-with-sharpshooter-v2-0/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-12-25 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \Software\Microsoft\Windows Script\Settings\AmsiEnable Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_amsi_disable/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: AMSI Bypass - Create AMSIEnable Reg Key technique: T1562.001 atomic_guid: 728eca7b-0444-4f6f-ac36-437e3d751dc0