alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detect Detects attempts to remove Windows Defender configurations using the 'MpPreference' cmdlet in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects attempts to remove Windows Defender configurations using the 'MpPreference' cmdlet. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Tamper Windows Defender Remove-MpPreference id: 07e3cb2c-0608-410d-be4b-1511cb1a0448 related: - id: ae2bdd58-0681-48ac-be7f-58ab4e593458 type: similar status: test description: Detects attempts to remove Windows Defender configurations using the 'MpPreference' cmdlet references: - https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/core-infrastructure-and-security/windows-10-controlled-folder-access-event-search/ba-p/2326088 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-05 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_remove: CommandLine|contains: Remove-MpPreference selection_tamper: CommandLine|contains: - '-ControlledFolderAccessProtectedFolders ' - '-AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Ids ' - '-AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Actions ' - '-CheckForSignaturesBeforeRunningScan ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate PowerShell scripts level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of the Doppelanger hacktool which is used to dump LSASS memory via process cloning while evading c. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - Doppelanger LSASS Dumper Execution id: d474c8fe-bb69-4ea0-b7d9-f682b56d52d3 status: experimental description: Detects the execution of the Doppelanger hacktool which is used to dump LSASS memory via process cloning while evading common detection methods references: - https://labs.yarix.com/2025/06/doppelganger-an-advanced-lsass-dumper-with-process-cloning/ - https://github.com/vari-sh/RedTeamGrimoire/tree/668e0357072546065729ad623f8c02f7be21bb08/Doppelganger author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-07-01 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \Doppelganger.exe - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=AB94D5217896ADCD765A06B2D52F0AEB - IMPHASH=65F0EA61156EE0C2A35421926F0C7F78 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: exploit The Big SQL component in IBM InfoSphere BigInsights 3.0, 3.0.0.1, 3.0.0.2, and 4.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and truncate arbitrary t
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5020. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Big SQL component in IBM InfoSphere BigInsights 3.0, 3.0.0.1, 3.0.0.2, and 4.0 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions and truncate arbitrary tables via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0162. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.0. IBM Security SiteProtector System 3.0, 3.1, and 3.1.1 allows local users to gain privileges.
Query: indicators of Cloud Instance Metadata API
Matching passage: T1552.005 Cloud Instance Metadata API. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may attempt to access the Cloud Instance Metadata API to collect credentials and other sensitive data. Most cloud service providers support a Cloud Instance Metadata API which is a service provided to running virtual instances that allows applications to access information about the running virtual instance. Available information generally includes name, security group, and additional metadata including sensitive data such as credentials and UserData scripts that may contain additional secrets. The Instance Metadata API is provided as a convenience to assist in managing applications and is accessible by anyone who can access the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Metadata API) A cloud metadata API has been used in at least one high profile compromise.(Citation: Krebs Capital One August 2019) If adversaries have a presence on the running virtual instance, they may query the Instance Metadata API directly to identify credentials that grant access to additional resources. Additionally, adversaries may exploit a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in a public facing web proxy that allows them to gain access to the sensitive information via a request to the Instance Metadata API.(Citation: RedLock Instance Metadata API 2018) The de facto standard across cloud service providers is to host the Instance Metadata API at <code>http[:]//169.254.169.254</code>.
Near-miss passage: T1552.008 Chat Messages. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may directly collect unsecured credentials stored or passed through user communication services. Credentials may be sent and stored in user chat communication applications such as email, chat services like Slack or Teams, collaboration tools like Jira or Trello, and any other services that support user communication. Users may share various forms of credentials (such as usernames and passwords, API keys, or authentication tokens) on private or public corporate internal communications channels. Rather than accessing the stored chat logs (i.e., [Credentials In Files](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001)), adversaries may directly access credentials within these services on the user endpoint, through servers hosting the services, or through administrator portals for cloud hosted services. Adversaries may also compromise integration tools like Slack Workflows to automatically search through messages to extract user credentials. These credentials may then be abused to perform follow-on activities such as lateral movement or privilege escalation (Citation: Slack Security Risks).
Query: exploit Microsoft Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) 3.0 on Windows Server 2012 R2 does not properly handle logoff actions, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended acces
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1638. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Microsoft Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) 3.0 on Windows Server 2012 R2 does not properly handle logoff actions, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging an unattended workstation, aka "Active Directory Federation Services Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4225. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.0. Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) 1.0(1.110a) and 1.0(1e) on Nexus 9000 devices does not properly implement RBAC health scoring, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors, aka Bug ID CSCuq77485.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in the RenderFrameImpl::OnMessageReceived function in content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90 allows remote attacker
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1237. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in the RenderFrameImpl::OnMessageReceived function in content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc in Google Chrome before 42.0.2311.90 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via vectors that trigger renderer IPC messages during a detach operation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1095. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOHIDFamily in Apple iOS before 8.3, Apple OS X before 10.10.3, and Apple TV before 7.2 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted HID device.
Query: weakness Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in a Cookie
Matching passage: CWE-315 Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in a Cookie. The product stores sensitive information in cleartext in a cookie.
Near-miss passage: CWE-357 Insufficient UI Warning of Dangerous Operations. The user interface provides a warning to a user regarding dangerous or sensitive operations, but the warning is not noticeable enough to warrant attention.
Query: what is T1587
Matching passage: T1587 Develop Capabilities. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.
Near-miss passage: T1587.001 Malware. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB) During malware development, adversaries may intentionally include indicators aligned with other known actors in order to mislead attribution by defenders.(Citation: Olympic Destroyer)(Citation: Risky Bulletin Threat actor impersonates FSB APT)(Citation: GamaCopy organization) As with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware. Some aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)
Query: what is T1674
Matching passage: T1674 Input Injection. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may simulate keystrokes on a victim’s computer by various means to perform any type of action on behalf of the user, such as launching the command interpreter using keyboard shortcuts, typing an inline script to be executed, or interacting directly with a GUI-based application. These actions can be preprogrammed into adversary tooling or executed through physical devices such as Human Interface Devices (HIDs). For example, adversaries have used tooling that monitors the Windows message loop to detect when a user visits bank-specific URLs. If detected, the tool then simulates keystrokes to open the developer console or select the address bar, pastes malicious JavaScript from the clipboard, and executes it - enabling manipulation of content within the browser, such as replacing bank account numbers during transactions.(Citation: BleepingComputer BackSwap)(Citation: welivesecurity BackSwap) Adversaries have also used malicious USB devices to emulate keystrokes that launch PowerShell, leading to the download and execution of malware from adversary-controlled servers.(Citation: BleepingComputer USB)
Near-miss passage: T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious commands and payloads. WMI is designed for programmers and is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows systems.(Citation: WMI 1-3) WMI is an administration feature that provides a uniform environment to access Windows system components. The WMI service enables both local and remote access, though the latter is facilitated by [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) such as [Distributed Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/003) and [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).(Citation: WMI 1-3) Remote WMI over DCOM operates using port 135, whereas WMI over WinRM operates over port 5985 when using HTTP and 5986 for HTTPS.(Citation: WMI 1-3) (Citation: Mandiant WMI) An adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to execute various behaviors, such as gathering information for [Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0007) as well as [Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0002) of commands and payloads.(Citation: Mandiant WMI) For example, `wmic.exe` can be abused by an adversary to delete shadow copies with the command `wmic.exe Shadowcopy Delete` (i.e., [Inhibit System Recovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1490)).(Citation: WMI 6) **Note:** `wmic.exe` is deprecated as of January of 2024, with the WMIC feature being “disabled by default” on Windows 11+. WMIC will be removed from subsequent Windows releases and replaced by [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) as the primary WMI interface.(Citation: WMI 7,8) In addition to PowerShell and tools like `wbemtool.exe`, COM APIs can also be used to programmatically interact with WMI via C++, .NET, VBScript, etc.(Citation: WMI 7,8)
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of regini.exe which can be used to modify registry keys, the changes are imported from one or more. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Registry Modification Via Regini.EXE id: 5f60740a-f57b-4e76-82a1-15b6ff2cb134 related: - id: 77946e79-97f1-45a2-84b4-f37b5c0d8682 type: derived status: test description: Detects the execution of regini.exe which can be used to modify registry keys, the changes are imported from one or more text files. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Regini/ - https://gist.github.com/api0cradle/cdd2d0d0ec9abb686f0e89306e277b8f - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/regini author: Eli Salem, Sander Wiebing, oscd.community date: 2020-10-08 modified: 2023-02-08 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \regini.exe - OriginalFileName: REGINI.EXE filter: CommandLine|re: :[^ \\] condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate modification of keys level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects installation of Kali Linux distribution through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Attackers may use Kali Linux. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Installation of WSL Kali-Linux id: eca8ae39-5c3c-4321-b538-9e64fe25822e status: experimental description: 'Detects installation of Kali Linux distribution through Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). Attackers may use Kali Linux WSL to leverage its penetration testing tools and capabilities for malicious purposes. ' references: - https://medium.com/@redfanatic7/running-kali-linux-on-windows-51ad95166e6e - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-10-10 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_wsl_img: - Image|endswith: \wsl.exe - OriginalFileName: wsl selection_wsl_install: CommandLine|contains: - ' --install ' - ' -i ' selection_wsl_kali: CommandLine|contains: kali condition: all of selection_wsl_* falsepositives: - Legitimate installation or usage of Kali Linux WSL by administrators or security teams level: high
Query: detect Detects the execution of "forfiles" with the "/c" flag. While this is an expected behavior of the tool, it can be abused in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of "forfiles" with the "/c" flag. While this is an expected behavior of the tool, it can be abused. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Forfiles Command Execution id: 9aa5106d-bce3-4b13-86df-3a20f1d5cf0b related: - id: a85cf4e3-56ee-4e79-adeb-789f8fb209a8 type: obsolete - id: fa47597e-90e9-41cd-ab72-c3b74cfb0d02 type: obsolete status: test description: 'Detects the execution of "forfiles" with the "/c" flag. While this is an expected behavior of the tool, it can be abused in order to proxy execution through it with any binary. Can be used to bypass application whitelisting. ' references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Forfiles/ - https://pentestlab.blog/2020/07/06/indirect-command-execution/ author: Tim Rauch, Elastic, E.M. Anhaus (originally from Atomic Blue Detections, Endgame), oscd.community date: 2022-06-14 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \forfiles.exe - OriginalFileName: forfiles.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -c ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use via a batch script or by an administrator. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious modification of crontab file.. Logsource: linux / cron. Rule: title: Modifying Crontab id: af202fd3-7bff-4212-a25a-fb34606cfcbe status: test description: Detects suspicious modification of crontab file. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1053.003/T1053.003.md author: Pawel Mazur date: 2022-04-16 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1053.003 logsource: product: linux service: cron detection: keywords: - REPLACE condition: keywords falsepositives: - Legitimate modification of crontab level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2861
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2861. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Vesta Control Panel before 0.9.8-14 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2701. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in CS-Cart 4.2.4 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that change a user password via a request to profiles-update/.
Query: exploit AdvancedLdapLodinMogule in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (EAP) before 6.4.1 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors involving logging the LDAP 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1849. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. AdvancedLdapLodinMogule in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (EAP) before 6.4.1 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors involving logging the LDAP bind credential password when TRACE logging is enabled.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6556. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.299999952316284. EACommunicatorSrv.exe in the Framework Service in the client in Symantec Endpoint Encryption (SEE) before 11.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to discover credentials by triggering a memory dump.
Query: what is T1016.001
Matching passage: T1016.001 Internet Connection Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), <code>tracert</code>, and GET requests to websites, or performing initial speed testing to confirm bandwidth. Adversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.
Near-miss passage: T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings, such as IP and/or MAC addresses, of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems. Several operating system administration utilities exist that can be used to gather this information. Examples include [Arp](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0099), [ipconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0100)/[ifconfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0101), [nbtstat](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0102), and [route](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0103). Adversaries may also leverage a [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) on network devices to gather information about configurations and settings, such as IP addresses of configured interfaces and static/dynamic routes (e.g. <code>show ip route</code>, <code>show ip interface</code>).(Citation: US-CERT-TA18-106A)(Citation: Mandiant APT41 Global Intrusion ) On ESXi, adversaries may leverage esxcli to gather network configuration information. For example, the command `esxcli network nic list` will retrieve the MAC address, while `esxcli network ip interface ipv4 get` will retrieve the local IPv4 address.(Citation: Trellix Rnasomhouse 2024) Adversaries may use the information from [System Network Configuration Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including determining certain access within the target network and what actions to do next.
Query: risk of Stack-based buffer overflow in the FastBackMount process in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecifie
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1896. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Stack-based buffer overflow in the FastBackMount process in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.11.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6156. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6148.
Query: risk of ping.cgi in NetCommWireless HSPA 3G10WVE wireless routers with firmware before 3G10WVE-L101-S306ETS-C01_R05 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a dir
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6023. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. ping.cgi in NetCommWireless HSPA 3G10WVE wireless routers with firmware before 3G10WVE-L101-S306ETS-C01_R05 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a direct request. NOTE: this issue can be combined with CVE-2015-6024 to execute arbitrary commands.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0694. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. Cisco ASR 9000 devices with software 5.3.0.BASE do not recognize that certain ACL entries have a single-host constraint, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended network-resource access restrictions by using an address that was not supposed to have been allowed, aka Bug ID CSCur28806.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3240
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3240. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The pluto IKE daemon in libreswan before 3.15 and Openswan before 2.6.45, when built with NSS, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon restart) via a zero DH g^x value in a KE payload in a IKE packet.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5309. CWE: CWE-189. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Integer overflow in the terminal emulator in PuTTY before 0.66 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly execute arbitrary code via an ECH (erase characters) escape sequence with a large parameter value, which triggers a buffer underflow.