alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: SIEM correlation: privilege escalation activity consistent with LC_LOAD_DYLIB Addition
Matching passage: T1546.006 LC_LOAD_DYLIB Addition. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by the execution of tainted binaries. Mach-O binaries have a series of headers that are used to perform certain operations when a binary is loaded. The LC_LOAD_DYLIB header in a Mach-O binary tells macOS and OS X which dynamic libraries (dylibs) to load during execution time. These can be added ad-hoc to the compiled binary as long as adjustments are made to the rest of the fields and dependencies.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) There are tools available to perform these changes. Adversaries may modify Mach-O binary headers to load and execute malicious dylibs every time the binary is executed. Although any changes will invalidate digital signatures on binaries because the binary is being modified, this can be remediated by simply removing the LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command from the binary so that the signature isn’t checked at load time.(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)
Near-miss passage: T1546.017 Udev Rules. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may maintain persistence through executing malicious content triggered using udev rules. Udev is the Linux kernel device manager that dynamically manages device nodes, handles access to pseudo-device files in the `/dev` directory, and responds to hardware events, such as when external devices like hard drives or keyboards are plugged in or removed. Udev uses rule files with `match keys` to specify the conditions a hardware event must meet and `action keys` to define the actions that should follow. Root permissions are required to create, modify, or delete rule files located in `/etc/udev/rules.d/`, `/run/udev/rules.d/`, `/usr/lib/udev/rules.d/`, `/usr/local/lib/udev/rules.d/`, and `/lib/udev/rules.d/`. Rule priority is determined by both directory and by the digit prefix in the rule filename.(Citation: Ignacio Udev research 2024)(Citation: Elastic Linux Persistence 2024) Adversaries may abuse the udev subsystem by adding or modifying rules in udev rule files to execute malicious content. For example, an adversary may configure a rule to execute their binary each time the pseudo-device file, such as `/dev/random`, is accessed by an application. Although udev is limited to running short tasks and is restricted by systemd-udevd's sandbox (blocking network and filesystem access), attackers may use scripting commands under the action key `RUN+=` to detach and run the malicious content’s process in the background to bypass these controls.(Citation: Reichert aon sedexp 2024)
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability in modules/module.ab-testing.php in the Landing Pages plugin before 1.8.5 for WordPress allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL comma
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4064. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 6.5. SQL injection vulnerability in modules/module.ab-testing.php in the Landing Pages plugin before 1.8.5 for WordPress allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the post parameter in an edit delete-variation action to wp-admin/post.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1513. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in SIPhone Enterprise PBX allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the Username.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7935
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7935. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 7.5. Motorola Solutions MOSCAD IP Gateway allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6127. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Windows Media Center in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, and Windows 8.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted .mcl file, aka "Windows Media Center Information Disclosure Vulnerability."
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-4031
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4031. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 10.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in saveFile.jsp in the development installation in Visual Mining NetChart allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9470. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.5. The history-collection plugin through 1.1.1 for WordPress has directory traversal via the download.php var parameter.
Query: campaign using Botnet
Matching passage: T1584.005 Botnet. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service, adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems.(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire) Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).
Near-miss passage: T1584.002 DNS Server. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations. By compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records. Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) Additionally, adversaries may leverage such control in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004) to redirect traffic to adversary-controlled infrastructure, mimicking normal trusted network communications.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019)(Citation: Crowdstrike DNS Hijack 2019) Alternatively, they may be able to prove ownership of a domain to a SaaS service in order to assert control of the service or create a new administrative [Cloud Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136/003).(Citation: CyberCX SaaS Domain Hijacking 2025) Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing)
Query: detect Detects issues with Windows Defender Real-Time Protection features in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects issues with Windows Defender Real-Time Protection features. Logsource: windows / windefend. Rule: title: Windows Defender Real-Time Protection Failure/Restart id: dd80db93-6ec2-4f4c-a017-ad40da6ffe81 status: stable description: Detects issues with Windows Defender Real-Time Protection features references: - Internal Research - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/04/11/guidance-for-investigating-attacks-using-cve-2022-21894-the-blacklotus-campaign/ - https://gist.github.com/nasbench/33732d6705cbdc712fae356f07666346 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Christopher Peacock '@securepeacock' (Update) date: 2023-03-28 modified: 2023-05-05 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: windefend detection: selection: EventID: - 3002 - 3007 filter_optional_network_inspection: Feature_Name: '%%886' Reason: - '%%892' - '%%858' condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Some crashes can occur sometimes and the event doesn't provide enough information to tune out these cases. Manual exception is required level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell script execution from Alternate Data Stream (ADS). Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Run PowerShell Script from ADS id: 45a594aa-1fbd-4972-a809-ff5a99dd81b8 status: test description: Detects PowerShell script execution from Alternate Data Stream (ADS) references: - https://github.com/p0shkatz/Get-ADS/blob/1c3a3562e713c254edce1995a7d9879c687c7473/Get-ADS.ps1 author: Sergey Soldatov, Kaspersky Lab, oscd.community date: 2019-10-30 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.004 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe Image|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe CommandLine|contains|all: - Get-Content - -Stream condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-7239
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7239. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in the BP_FIND_JOBS_WITH_PROGRAM function module in SAP NetWeaver J2EE Engine 7.40 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1441. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in Piwigo before 2.5.6, 2.6.x before 2.6.5, and 2.7.x before 2.7.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
Query: exploit Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Motorola Solutions MOSCAD IP Gateway allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that mod
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7936. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 7.5. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Motorola Solutions MOSCAD IP Gateway allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that modify a password.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6517. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in phpLiteAdmin 1.1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that drop database tables via the droptable parameter to phpliteadmin.php.
Query: detect Detects suspicious Django web application framework exceptions that could indicate exploitation attempts in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious Django web application framework exceptions that could indicate exploitation attempts. Logsource: django / application. Rule: title: Django Framework Exceptions id: fd435618-981e-4a7c-81f8-f78ce480d616 status: stable description: Detects suspicious Django web application framework exceptions that could indicate exploitation attempts references: - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/exceptions/ - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/logging/#django-security author: Thomas Patzke date: 2017-08-05 modified: 2020-09-01 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: category: application product: django detection: keywords: - SuspiciousOperation - DisallowedHost - DisallowedModelAdminLookup - DisallowedModelAdminToField - DisallowedRedirect - InvalidSessionKey - RequestDataTooBig - SuspiciousFileOperation - SuspiciousMultipartForm - SuspiciousSession - TooManyFieldsSent - PermissionDenied condition: keywords falsepositives: - Application bugs level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the deletion of registry keys containing the MSTSC connection history. Logsource: windows / registry_delete. Rule: title: Terminal Server Client Connection History Cleared - Registry id: 07bdd2f5-9c58-4f38-aec8-e101bb79ef8d status: test description: Detects the deletion of registry keys containing the MSTSC connection history references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-server/remote/remove-entries-from-remote-desktop-connection-computer - http://woshub.com/how-to-clear-rdp-connections-history/ - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/a/vice-society-ransomware-group-targets-manufacturing-companies.html author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-10-19 modified: 2023-02-08 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1070 - attack.t1112 logsource: category: registry_delete product: windows detection: selection1: EventType: DeleteValue TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Terminal Server Client\Default\MRU selection2: EventType: DeleteKey TargetObject|contains: \Microsoft\Terminal Server Client\Servers\ condition: 1 of selection* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 8u60 and JavaFX 2.2.85 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-49
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4908. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 8u60 and JavaFX 2.2.85 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4906 and CVE-2015-4916.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1701. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Vista SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, as exploited in the wild in April 2015, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching DNS
Matching passage: T1590.002 DNS. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts. DNS MX, TXT, and SPF records may also reveal the use of third party cloud and SaaS providers, such as Office 365, G Suite, Salesforce, or Zendesk.(Citation: Sean Metcalf Twitter DNS Records) Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)). Adversaries may also use DNS zone transfer (DNS query type AXFR) to collect all records from a misconfigured DNS server.(Citation: Trails-DNS)(Citation: DNS-CISA)(Citation: Alexa-dns)
Near-miss passage: T1590.003 Network Trust Dependencies. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: risk of Directory traversal vulnerability in dlopen in libvdpau before 1.1.1 allows local users to gain privileges via the VDPAU_DRIVER environment variable.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5199. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Directory traversal vulnerability in dlopen in libvdpau before 1.1.1 allows local users to gain privileges via the VDPAU_DRIVER environment variable.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1830. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 5.0. Directory traversal vulnerability in the fileserver upload/download functionality for blob messages in Apache ActiveMQ 5.x before 5.11.2 for Windows allows remote attackers to create JSP files in arbitrary directories via unspecified vectors.
Query: incident response steps for Multiple failed authentications followed by Bind Mounts
Matching passage: Playbook for T1564.013 Bind Mounts. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1564.013. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: stealth. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may abuse bind mounts on file structures to hide their activity and artifacts from native utilities. A bind mount maps a directory or file from one location on the filesystem to another, similar to a shortcut on Windows. It’s commonly used to provide access to specific files or directories across different environments, such as inside containers or chroot environments, and requires sud
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1564.014 Extended Attributes. Different response path focused on stealth.
Query: vulnerability: Notes in Apple OS X before 10.11 misparses links, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5878. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. Notes in Apple OS X before 10.11 misparses links, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1933. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13, 7.5.0 before 7.5.0.8 IFIX001, and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.1 IFIX001; Maximo Asset Management 7.5.x before 7.5.0.8 IFIX001 and 7.6.0 before 7.6.0.1 IFIX001 for SmartCloud Control Desk; and Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13 and 7.2 for Tivoli IT Asset Management for IT and certain other products do not have an off autocomplete attribute for the password field, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access by leveraging an unattended workstation.
Query: detection rule: Detects potential DLL hijack of "iertutil.dll" found in the DCOM InternetExplorer.Application Class over the network
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential DLL hijack of "iertutil.dll" found in the DCOM InternetExplorer.Application Class over the network. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potential DCOM InternetExplorer.Application DLL Hijack id: 2f7979ae-f82b-45af-ac1d-2b10e93b0baa related: - id: e554f142-5cf3-4e55-ace9-a1b59e0def65 type: obsolete - id: f354eba5-623b-450f-b073-0b5b2773b6aa type: similar status: test description: Detects potential DLL hijack of "iertutil.dll" found in the DCOM InternetExplorer.Application Class over the network references: - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/201009-RemoteDCOMIErtUtilDLLHijack/notebook.html author: Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g, Open Threat Research (OTR), wagga date: 2020-10-12 modified: 2022-12-18 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.002 - attack.t1021.003 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: Image: System TargetFilename|endswith: \Internet Explorer\iertutil.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution GMER tool based on image and hash fields.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - GMER Rootkit Detector and Remover Execution id: 9082ff1f-88ab-4678-a3cc-5bcff99fc74d status: test description: Detects the execution GMER tool based on image and hash fields. references: - http://www.gmer.net/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-10-05 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: Image|endswith: \gmer.exe selection_sysmon_hash: Hashes|contains: - MD5=E9DC058440D321AA17D0600B3CA0AB04 - SHA1=539C228B6B332F5AA523E5CE358C16647D8BBE57 - SHA256=E8A3E804A96C716A3E9B69195DB6FFB0D33E2433AF871E4D4E1EAB3097237173 condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: detect Detects extracting of zip file from image file in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects extracting of zip file from image file. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Steganography Unzip Hidden Information From Picture File id: edd595d7-7895-4fa7-acb3-85a18a8772ca status: test description: Detects extracting of zip file from image file references: - https://zerotoroot.me/steganography-hiding-a-zip-in-a-jpeg-file/ author: Pawel Mazur date: 2021-09-09 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.003 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: commands: type: EXECVE a0: unzip a1: a1|endswith: - .jpg - .png condition: commands and a1 falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects disabling, deleting and updating of a Trail. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS CloudTrail Important Change id: 4db60cc0-36fb-42b7-9b58-a5b53019fb74 status: test description: Detects disabling, deleting and updating of a Trail references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/best-practices-security.html author: vitaliy0x1 date: 2020-01-21 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.002 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection_source: eventSource: cloudtrail.amazonaws.com eventName: - StopLogging - UpdateTrail - DeleteTrail condition: selection_source falsepositives: - Valid change in a Trail level: medium