alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Disk Content Wipe
Matching passage: T1561.001 Disk Content Wipe. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may erase the contents of storage devices on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. Adversaries may partially or completely overwrite the contents of a storage device rendering the data irrecoverable through the storage interface.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) Instead of wiping specific disk structures or files, adversaries with destructive intent may wipe arbitrary portions of disk content. To wipe disk content, adversaries may acquire direct access to the hard drive in order to overwrite arbitrarily sized portions of disk with random data.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) Adversaries have also been observed leveraging third-party drivers like [RawDisk](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0364) to directly access disk content.(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) This behavior is distinct from [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) because sections of the disk are erased instead of individual files. To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disk content may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware)
Near-miss passage: T1561 Disk Wipe. Tactics: impact. Description: Adversaries may wipe or corrupt raw disk data on specific systems or in large numbers in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. With direct write access to a disk, adversaries may attempt to overwrite portions of disk data. Adversaries may opt to wipe arbitrary portions of disk data and/or wipe disk structures like the master boot record (MBR). A complete wipe of all disk sectors may be attempted. To maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware used for wiping disks may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster Destructive Malware) On network devices, adversaries may wipe configuration files and other data from the device using [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as `erase`.(Citation: erase_cmd_cisco)
Query: exploit Untrusted search path vulnerability in Schneider Electric Wonderware System Platform before 2014 R2 Patch 01 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unsp
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3940. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Untrusted search path vulnerability in Schneider Electric Wonderware System Platform before 2014 R2 Patch 01 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7603. CWE: CWE-22. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Directory traversal vulnerability in Konica Minolta FTP Utility 1.0 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..\ (dot dot backslash) in a RETR command.
Query: rule covering Detects programs that connect to uncommon destination ports
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects programs that connect to uncommon destination ports. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Communication To Uncommon Destination Ports id: 6d8c3d20-a5e1-494f-8412-4571d716cf5c related: - id: 4b89abaa-99fe-4232-afdd-8f9aa4d20382 type: similar status: test description: Detects programs that connect to uncommon destination ports references: - https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/17pSTDNpa0sf6pHeRhusvWG6rThciE8CsXTSlDUAZDyo author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-19 modified: 2024-03-12 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1571 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Initiated: 'true' DestinationPort: - 8080 - 8888 filter_main_local_ranges: DestinationIp|cidr: - 127.0.0.0/8 - 10.0.0.0/8 - 172.16.0.0/12 - 192.168.0.0/16 - 169.254.0.0/16 - ::1/128 - fe80::/10 - fc00::/7 filter_optional_sys_directories: Image|startswith: - C:\Program Files\ - C:\Program Files (x86)\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects child processes of "provlaunch.exe" which might indicate potential abuse to proxy execution.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Provlaunch.EXE Binary Proxy Execution Abuse id: 7f5d1c9a-3e83-48df-95a7-2b98aae6c13c related: - id: f9999590-1f94-4a34-a91e-951e47bedefd type: similar - id: 2a4b3e61-9d22-4e4a-b60f-6e8f0cde6f25 type: similar - id: 7021255e-5db3-4946-a8b9-0ba7a4644a69 type: similar status: test description: Detects child processes of "provlaunch.exe" which might indicate potential abuse to proxy execution. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Provlaunch/ - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1674399582162153472 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel date: 2023-08-08 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: ParentImage|endswith: \provlaunch.exe filter_main_covered_children: - Image|endswith: - \calc.exe - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \notepad.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \regsvr32.exe - \rundll32.exe - \wscript.exe - Image|contains: - :\PerfLogs\ - :\Temp\ - :\Users\Public\ - \AppData\Temp\ - \Windows\System32\Tasks\ - \Windows\Tasks\ - \Windows\Temp\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3621
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3621. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Untrusted search path vulnerability in SAP Enterprise Central Component (ECC) allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse program.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8853. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The (1) S_reghop3, (2) S_reghop4, and (3) S_reghopmaybe3 functions in regexec.c in Perl before 5.24.0 allow context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via crafted utf-8 data, as demonstrated by "a\x80."
Query: describe CVE-2015-1595
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1595. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The Siemens SPCanywhere application for Android and iOS does not use encryption during lookups of system ID to IP address mappings, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to discover alarm IP addresses and spoof servers by intercepting the client-server data stream.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7190. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Search feature in Mozilla Firefox before 42.0 on Android through 4.4 supports search-engine URL registration through an intent and can access this URL in a privileged context in conjunction with the crash reporter, which allows attackers to read log files and visit file: URLs of HTML documents via a crafted application.
Query: risk of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software, when a DHCPv6 relay is configured, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via crafted DHCP packets o
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0578. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.699999809265137. Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software, when a DHCPv6 relay is configured, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via crafted DHCP packets on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCur45455.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0754. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Cisco Finesse 10.5(1) allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information or cause a denial of service (CPU and memory consumption) via a crafted XML document, aka Bug ID CSCut95810.
Query: exploit Heap-based buffer overflow in closefs.c in the libext2fs library in e2fsprogs before 1.42.12 allows local users to execute arbitrary code by causing a crafted block group descripto
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1572. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 4.599999904632568. Heap-based buffer overflow in closefs.c in the libext2fs library in e2fsprogs before 1.42.12 allows local users to execute arbitrary code by causing a crafted block group descriptor to be marked as dirty. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2015-0247.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5261. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Heap-based buffer overflow in SPICE before 0.12.6 allows guest OS users to read and write to arbitrary memory locations on the host via guest QXL commands related to surface creation.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8434
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8434. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.268 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.228 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.554 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.204, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.204, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.204 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8048, CVE-2015-8049, CVE-2015-8050, CVE-2015-8055, CVE-2015-8056, CVE-2015-8057, CVE-2015-8058, CVE-2015-8059, CVE-2015-8061, CVE-2015-8062, CVE-2015-8063, CVE-2015-8064, CVE-2015-8065, CVE-2015-8066, CVE-2015-8067, CVE-2015-8068, CVE-2015-8069, CVE-2015-8070, CVE-2015-8071, CVE-2015-8401, CVE-2015-8402, CVE-2015-8403, CVE-2015-8404, CVE-2015-8405, CVE-2015-8406, CVE-2015-8410, CVE-2015-8411, CVE-2015-8412, CVE-2015-8413, CVE-2015-8414, CVE-2015-8420, CVE-2015-8421, CVE-2015-8422, CVE-2015-8423, CVE-2015-8424, CVE-2015-8425, CVE-2015-8426, CVE-2015-8427, CVE-2015-8428, CVE-2015-8429, CVE-2015-8430, CVE-2015-8431, CVE-2015-8432, CVE-2015-8433, CVE-2015-8435, CVE-2015-8436, CVE-2015-8437, CVE-2015-8441, CVE-2015-8442, CVE-2015-8447, CVE-2015-8448, CVE-2015-8449, CVE-2015-8450, CVE-2015-8452, and CVE-2015-8454.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0321. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0314, CVE-2015-0316, CVE-2015-0318, CVE-2015-0329, and CVE-2015-0330.
Query: Lateral movement indicators for System Language Discovery
Matching passage: T1614.001 System Language Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may attempt to gather information about the system language of a victim in order to infer the geographical location of that host. This information may be used to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether the adversary infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. This decision may be employed by malware developers and operators to reduce their risk of attracting the attention of specific law enforcement agencies or prosecution/scrutiny from other entities.(Citation: Malware System Language Check) There are various sources of data an adversary could use to infer system language, such as system defaults and keyboard layouts. Specific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) and calls to [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) functions.(Citation: CrowdStrike Ryuk January 2019) For example, on a Windows system adversaries may attempt to infer the language of a system by querying the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\Language</code> or parsing the outputs of Windows API functions <code>GetUserDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetSystemDefaultUILanguage</code>, <code>GetKeyboardLayoutList</code> and <code>GetUserDefaultLangID</code>.(Citation: Darkside Ransomware Cybereason)(Citation: Securelist JSWorm)(Citation: SecureList SynAck Doppelgänging May 2018) On a macOS or Linux system, adversaries may query <code>locale</code> to retrieve the value of the <code>$LANG</code> environment variable.
Near-miss passage: T1614 System Location Discovery. Tactics: discovery. Description: Adversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host. Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions. Adversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation: Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020) Windows API functions such as <code>GetLocaleInfoW</code> can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020) In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation: Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021) Adversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)
Query: risk of Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the autorun value in Dell SonicWall NetExtender before 7.5.227 and 8.0.x before 8.0.238, as used in the SRA firmware before 7.5.1.2-40
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4173. CWE: CWE-428. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the autorun value in Dell SonicWall NetExtender before 7.5.227 and 8.0.x before 8.0.238, as used in the SRA firmware before 7.5.1.2-40sv and 8.x before 8.0.0.3-23sv, allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse program in the %SYSTEMDRIVE% folder.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6647. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Widevine QSEE TrustZone application in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY49F and 6.0 before 2016-01-01 allows attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application that leverages QSEECOM access, aka internal bug 24441554.
Query: explain CWE-1289
Matching passage: CWE-1289 Improper Validation of Unsafe Equivalence in Input. The product receives an input value that is used as a resource identifier or other type of reference, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input is equivalent to a potentially-unsafe value.
Near-miss passage: CWE-924 Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel. The product establishes a communication channel with an endpoint and receives a message from that endpoint, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the message was not modified during transmission.
Query: describe CVE-2015-0113
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0113. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The Jazz help system in IBM Rational Collaborative Lifecycle Management 4.0 through 5.0.2, Rational Quality Manager 4.0 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2, Rational Team Concert 4.0 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2, Rational Requirements Composer 4.0 through 4.0.7, Rational DOORS Next Generation 4.0 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2, Rational Engineering Lifecycle Manager 4.0.3 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2, Rational Rhapsody Design Manager 4.0 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2, and Rational Software Architect Design Manager 4.0 through 4.0.7 and 5.0 through 5.0.2 allows remote attackers to read JSP source code via a crafted request.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3184. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. mod_authz_svn in Apache Subversion 1.7.x before 1.7.21 and 1.8.x before 1.8.14, when using Apache httpd 2.4.x, does not properly restrict anonymous access, which allows remote anonymous users to read hidden files via the path name.
Query: risk of Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via unspecifi
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1925. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1924, CVE-2015-1929, CVE-2015-1930, CVE-2015-1948, CVE-2015-1953, CVE-2015-1954, CVE-2015-1962, CVE-2015-1963, CVE-2015-1964, and CVE-2015-1965.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6075. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6068, CVE-2015-6072, CVE-2015-6073, CVE-2015-6077, CVE-2015-6079, CVE-2015-6080, and CVE-2015-6082.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3672
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3672. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. Admin Framework in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly handle authentication errors, which allows local users to obtain admin privileges via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1151. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. Wiki Server in Apple OS X Server before 4.1 allows remote attackers to bypass intended restrictions on Activity and People pages by connecting from an iPad client.
Query: SIEM correlation: reconnaissance activity consistent with IP Addresses
Matching passage: T1590.005 IP Addresses. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Near-miss passage: T1590.003 Network Trust Dependencies. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).
Query: SOC alert related to Exfiltration Over Web Service
Matching passage: T1567 Exfiltration Over Web Service. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data rather than their primary command and control channel. Popular Web services acting as an exfiltration mechanism may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to compromise. Firewall rules may also already exist to permit traffic to these services. Web service providers also commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Near-miss passage: T1567.002 Exfiltration to Cloud Storage. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow for the storage, edit, and retrieval of data from a remote cloud storage server over the Internet. Examples of cloud storage services include Dropbox and Google Docs. Exfiltration to these cloud storage services can provide a significant amount of cover to the adversary if hosts within the network are already communicating with the service.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5550. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5127, CVE-2015-5130, CVE-2015-5134, CVE-2015-5539, CVE-2015-5540, CVE-2015-5551, CVE-2015-5556, CVE-2015-5557, CVE-2015-5559, CVE-2015-5561, CVE-2015-5563, CVE-2015-5564, and CVE-2015-5565.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7988. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The handle_regservice_request function in mDNSResponder before 625.41.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) via unspecified vectors.
Query: describe CVE-2015-2761
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2761. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Exceptions and Scanning Exceptions Pages in Websense TRITON AP-WEB before 8.0.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2332. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in member.php in MyBB (aka MyBulletinBoard) before 1.8.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.