alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of IOMobileFrameBuffer in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5843. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. IOMobileFrameBuffer in Apple iOS before 9 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7017. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.5. CoreText in Apple iOS before 9.1, OS X before 10.11.1, and iTunes before 12.3.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6975 and CVE-2015-6992.
Query: describe CVE-2015-3273
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3273. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. mod/forum/post.php in Moodle 2.9.x before 2.9.1 does not consider the mod/forum:canposttomygroups capability before authorizing "Post a copy to all groups" actions, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging per-group authorization.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0059. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted TrueType font, aka "TrueType Font Parsing Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."
Query: vulnerability: The std::random_device class in libstdc++ in the GNU Compiler Collection (aka GCC) before 4.9.4 does not properly handle short reads from blocking sources, which makes it easier fo
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5276. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The std::random_device class in libstdc++ in the GNU Compiler Collection (aka GCC) before 4.9.4 does not properly handle short reads from blocking sources, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to predict the random values via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5041. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 9.100000381469727. The J9 JVM in IBM SDK, Java Technology Edition 6 before SR16 FP20, 6 R1 before SR8 FP20, 7 before SR9 FP30, and 7 R1 before SR3 FP30 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information or inject data by invoking non-public interface methods.
Query: risk of WebKit, as used in JavaScriptCore in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption an
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5814. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in JavaScriptCore in Apple iOS before 9 and iTunes before 12.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other WebKit CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-1 and APPLE-SA-2015-09-16-3.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8317. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.0. The xmlParseXMLDecl function in parser.c in libxml2 before 2.9.3 allows context-dependent attackers to obtain sensitive information via an (1) unterminated encoding value or (2) incomplete XML declaration in XML data, which triggers an out-of-bounds heap read.
Query: vulnerability: QuickTime 7 in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted file
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3779. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. QuickTime 7 in Apple OS X before 10.10.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3765, CVE-2015-3788, CVE-2015-3789, CVE-2015-3790, CVE-2015-3791, CVE-2015-3792, CVE-2015-5751, CVE-2015-5753, and CVE-2015-5779.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2408. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1767 and CVE-2015-2401.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a Powershell process that contains download commands in its command line string
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a Powershell process that contains download commands in its command line string. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PowerShell Download Pattern id: 3b6ab547-8ec2-4991-b9d2-2b06702a48d7 related: - id: e6c54d94-498c-4562-a37c-b469d8e9a275 type: derived - id: 8f70ac5f-1f6f-4f8e-b454-db19561216c5 type: obsolete status: test description: Detects a Powershell process that contains download commands in its command line string references: - https://blog.redteam.pl/2020/06/black-kingdom-ransomware.html - https://lab52.io/blog/winter-vivern-all-summer/ - https://hatching.io/blog/powershell-analysis/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), oscd.community, Jonhnathan Ribeiro date: 2019-01-16 modified: 2025-10-20 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \powershell_ise.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - PowerShell_ISE.EXE - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - new-object - net.webclient). - download CommandLine|contains: - string( - file( condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects non-system users performing privileged operation os the SCM database. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: SCM Database Privileged Operation id: dae8171c-5ec6-4396-b210-8466585b53e9 status: test description: Detects non-system users performing privileged operation os the SCM database references: - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/190826-RemoteSCMHandle/notebook.html author: Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g, Tim Shelton date: 2019-08-15 modified: 2022-09-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1548 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4674 ObjectType: SC_MANAGER OBJECT ObjectName: servicesactive PrivilegeList: SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege filter: SubjectLogonId: '0x3e4' ProcessName|endswith: :\Windows\System32\services.exe condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: write Sigma for Detects the execution of SOAPHound, a .NET tool for collecting Active Directory data, using specific command-line argume
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of SOAPHound, a .NET tool for collecting Active Directory data, using specific command-line argume. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: HackTool - SOAPHound Execution id: e92a4287-e072-4a40-9739-370c106bb750 status: test description: 'Detects the execution of SOAPHound, a .NET tool for collecting Active Directory data, using specific command-line arguments that may indicate an attempt to extract sensitive AD information. ' references: - https://github.com/FalconForceTeam/SOAPHound - https://medium.com/falconforce/soaphound-tool-to-collect-active-directory-data-via-adws-165aca78288c author: '@kostastsale' date: 2024-01-26 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1087 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_1: CommandLine|contains: - ' --buildcache ' - ' --bhdump ' - ' --certdump ' - ' --dnsdump ' selection_2: CommandLine|contains: - ' -c ' - ' --cachefilename ' - ' -o ' - ' --outputdirectory' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the use of the Group Policy Management Editor (GPME) to modify Default Domain or Default Domain Controllers Grou. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Windows Default Domain GPO Modification via GPME id: dcff7e85-d01f-4eb5-badd-84e2e6be8294 related: - id: e5ac86dd-2da1-454b-be74-05d26c769d7d type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects the use of the Group Policy Management Editor (GPME) to modify Default Domain or Default Domain Controllers Group Policy Objects (GPOs). Adversaries may leverage GPME to make stealthy changes in these default GPOs to deploy malicious GPOs configurations across the domain without raising suspicion. ' references: - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/25/i/unmasking-the-gentlemen-ransomware.html - https://adsecurity.org/?p=3377 - https://sdmsoftware.com/general-stuff/launching-the-new-gp-management-editor-from-the-command-line/ - https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/living-off-the-land-gpo-style/ author: TropChaud date: 2025-11-22 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1484.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_mmc: - Image|endswith: \mmc.exe - OriginalFileName: MMC.exe selection_gpme: CommandLine|contains|all: - gpme.msc - 'gpobject:' selection_default_gpos: CommandLine|contains: - 31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9 - 6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9 condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of GPME to modify GPOs level: medium
Query: Sigma rule for Detects the execution of python with calls to the socket and pty module in order to connect and spawn a potential revers
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of python with calls to the socket and pty module in order to connect and spawn a potential revers. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Python Reverse Shell Execution Via PTY And Socket Modules id: 32e62bc7-3de0-4bb1-90af-532978fe42c0 related: - id: c4042d54-110d-45dd-a0e1-05c47822c937 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects the execution of python with calls to the socket and pty module in order to connect and spawn a potential reverse shell. ' references: - https://www.revshells.com/ author: '@d4ns4n_, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)' date: 2023-04-24 modified: 2024-11-04 tags: - attack.execution logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|contains: python CommandLine|contains|all: - ' -c ' - import - pty - socket - spawn - .connect condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the configuration of a new ISATAP router on a Windows host. While ISATAP is a legitimate Microsoft technology fo. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: ISATAP Router Address Was Set id: d22df9cd-2aee-4089-93c7-9dc4eae77f2c status: experimental description: 'Detects the configuration of a new ISATAP router on a Windows host. While ISATAP is a legitimate Microsoft technology for IPv6 transition, unexpected or unauthorized ISATAP router configurations could indicate a potential IPv6 DNS Takeover attack using tools like mitm6. In such attacks, adversaries advertise themselves as DHCPv6 servers and set malicious ISATAP routers to intercept traffic. This detection should be correlated with network baselines and known legitimate ISATAP deployments in your environment. ' references: - https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/mitm6-strikes-again-the-dark-side-of-ipv6/ - https://redfoxsec.com/blog/ipv6-dns-takeover/ - https://www.securityhq.com/blog/malicious-isatap-tunneling-unearthed-on-windows-server/ - https://medium.com/@ninnesoturan/detecting-ipv6-dns-takeover-a54a6a88be1f author: hamid date: 2025-10-19 tags: - attack.impact - attack.credential-access - attack.collection - attack.initial-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.t1557 - attack.t1565.002 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: EventID: 4100 Provider_Name: Microsoft-Windows-Iphlpsvc filter_main_localhost: IsatapRouter: - 127.0.0.1 - ::1 filter_optional_null: IsatapRouter: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Legitimate ISATAP router configuration in enterprise environments - IPv6 transition projects and network infrastructure changes - Network administrators configuring dual-stack networking - Automatic ISATAP configuration in some Windows deployments level: medium
Query: what is T1546.018
Matching passage: T1546.018 Python Startup Hooks. Tactics: persistence, privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may achieve persistence by leveraging Python’s startup mechanisms, including path configuration (`.pth`) files and the `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` modules. These files are automatically processed during the initialization of the Python interpreter, allowing for the execution of arbitrary code whenever Python is invoked.(Citation: Volexity GlobalProtect CVE 2024) Path configuration files are designed to extend Python’s module search paths through the use of import statements. If a `.pth` file is placed in Python's `site-packages` or `dist-packages` directories, any lines beginning with `import` will be executed automatically on Python invocation.(Citation: DFIR Python Persistence 2025) Similarly, if `sitecustomize.py` or `usercustomize.py` is present in the Python path, these files will be imported during interpreter startup, and any code they contain will be executed.(Citation: Python Site Configuration Hook) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms to establish persistence on systems where Python is widely used (e.g., for automation or scripting in production environments).
Near-miss passage: T1546.013 PowerShell Profile. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may gain persistence and elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by PowerShell profiles. A PowerShell profile (<code>profile.ps1</code>) is a script that runs when [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) starts and can be used as a logon script to customize user environments. [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) supports several profiles depending on the user or host program. For example, there can be different profiles for [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) host programs such as the PowerShell console, PowerShell ISE or Visual Studio Code. An administrator can also configure a profile that applies to all users and host programs on the local computer. (Citation: Microsoft About Profiles) Adversaries may modify these profiles to include arbitrary commands, functions, modules, and/or [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) drives to gain persistence. Every time a user opens a [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) session the modified script will be executed unless the <code>-NoProfile</code> flag is used when it is launched. (Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019) An adversary may also be able to escalate privileges if a script in a PowerShell profile is loaded and executed by an account with higher privileges, such as a domain administrator. (Citation: Wits End and Shady PowerShell Profiles)
Query: Sigma rule for Detects potential PowerShell commands or code within registry run keys
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential PowerShell commands or code within registry run keys. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Suspicious PowerShell In Registry Run Keys id: 8d85cf08-bf97-4260-ba49-986a2a65129c status: test description: Detects potential PowerShell commands or code within registry run keys references: - https://github.com/frack113/atomic-red-team/blob/a9051c38de8a5320b31c7039efcbd3b56cf2d65a/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md#atomic-test-9---systembc-malware-as-a-service-registry - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/j/lv-ransomware-exploits-proxyshell-in-attack.html - https://github.com/HackTricks-wiki/hacktricks/blob/e4c7b21b8f36c97c35b7c622732b38a189ce18f7/src/windows-hardening/windows-local-privilege-escalation/privilege-escalation-with-autorun-binaries.md author: frack113, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-03-17 modified: 2025-07-18 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: - \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run - \Software\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run - \Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer\Run Details|contains: - powershell - 'pwsh ' - FromBase64String - .DownloadFile( - .DownloadString( - ' -w hidden ' - ' -w 1 ' - -windowstyle hidden - -window hidden - ' -nop ' - ' -encodedcommand ' - -ExecutionPolicy Bypass - Invoke-Expression - IEX ( - Invoke-Command - ICM - - Invoke-WebRequest - 'IWR ' - Invoke-RestMethod - 'IRM ' - ' -noni ' - ' -noninteractive ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate admin or third party scripts. Baseline according to your environment level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects overwriting (effectively wiping/deleting) of a file.. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Overwriting the File with Dev Zero or Null id: 37222991-11e9-4b6d-8bdf-60fbe48f753e status: stable description: Detects overwriting (effectively wiping/deleting) of a file. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1485/T1485.md author: Jakob Weinzettl, oscd.community date: 2019-10-23 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1485 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: selection: type: EXECVE a0|contains: dd a1|contains: - if=/dev/null - if=/dev/zero condition: selection falsepositives: - Appending null bytes to files. - Legitimate overwrite of files. level: low
Query: exploit The calloc function in the glibc package in Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 6.7 and 7.2 does not properly initialize memory areas, which might allow context-dependent attackers to 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5229. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. The calloc function in the glibc package in Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 6.7 and 7.2 does not properly initialize memory areas, which might allow context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (hang or crash) via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6818. CWE: CWE-17. CVSS: 7.5. The decode_ihdr_chunk function in libavcodec/pngdec.c in FFmpeg before 2.7.2 does not enforce uniqueness of the IHDR (aka image header) chunk in a PNG image, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds array access) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted image with two or more of these chunks.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-3331
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3331. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. The __driver_rfc4106_decrypt function in arch/x86/crypto/aesni-intel_glue.c in the Linux kernel before 3.19.3 does not properly determine the memory locations used for encrypted data, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow and system crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code by triggering a crypto API call, as demonstrated by use of a libkcapi test program with an AF_ALG(aead) socket.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8645. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.233, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.233, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.233 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8459, CVE-2015-8460, and CVE-2015-8636.
Query: exploit The kiwi-logo-carousel plugin before 1.7.2 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS via the wp-admin/edit.php?post_type=kwlogos&page=kwlogos_settings tab or tab_flags_order parame
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9434. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.5. The kiwi-logo-carousel plugin before 1.7.2 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS via the wp-admin/edit.php?post_type=kwlogos&page=kwlogos_settings tab or tab_flags_order parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5999. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the D-Link DIR-816L Wireless Router with firmware before 2.06.B09_BETA allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that (1) change the admin password, (2) change the network policy, or (3) possibly have other unspecified impact via crafted requests to hedwig.cgi and pigwidgeon.cgi.
Query: hunt for Threat Intel Vendors activity
Matching passage: T1597.001 Threat Intel Vendors. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting. Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported. Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) Adversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information. If a threat actor is searching for information on their own activities, that falls under [Search Threat Vendor Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1681). Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).
Near-miss passage: T1597.002 Purchase Technical Data. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services. Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets. Adversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim’s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).