alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: indicators of Remote Email Collection
Matching passage: T1114.002 Remote Email Collection. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network. Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens. Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords.
Near-miss passage: T1114.003 Email Forwarding Rule. Tactics: collection. Description: Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may abuse email forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim’s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) Furthermore, email forwarding rules can allow adversaries to maintain persistent access to victim's emails even after compromised credentials are reset by administrators.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) Most email clients allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. These rules may be created through a local email application, a web interface, or by command-line interface. Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2)(Citation: Mac Forwarding Rules) Any user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more. Adversaries may also hide the rule by making use of the Microsoft Messaging API (MAPI) to modify the rule properties, making it hidden and not visible from Outlook, OWA or most Exchange Administration tools.(Citation: Pfammatter - Hidden Inbox Rules) In some environments, administrators may be able to enable email forwarding rules that operate organization-wide rather than on individual inboxes. For example, Microsoft Exchange supports transport rules that evaluate all mail an organization receives against user-specified conditions, then performs a user-specified action on mail that adheres to those conditions.(Citation: Microsof
Query: Sigma rule for Detects DNS queries to an ".onion" address related to Tor routing networks
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries to an ".onion" address related to Tor routing networks. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS Query Tor .Onion Address - Sysmon id: b55ca2a3-7cff-4dda-8bdd-c7bfa63bf544 related: - id: 8384bd26-bde6-4da9-8e5d-4174a7a47ca2 type: similar - id: a8322756-015c-42e7-afb1-436e85ed3ff5 type: similar status: test description: Detects DNS queries to an ".onion" address related to Tor routing networks references: - https://www.logpoint.com/en/blog/detecting-tor-use-with-logpoint/ - https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/f99542b94afe0ad2f19a82cc08262e7ac8e1428e/Detections/ASimDNS/imDNS_TorProxies.yaml author: frack113 date: 2022-02-20 modified: 2025-09-12 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1090.003 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection: QueryName|endswith: - .hiddenservice.net - .onion.ca - .onion.cab - .onion.casa - .onion.city - .onion.direct - .onion.dog - .onion.glass - .onion.gq - .onion.ink - .onion.it - .onion.link - .onion.lt - .onion.lu - .onion.nu - .onion.pet - .onion.plus - .onion.rip - .onion.sh - .onion.to - .onion.top - .onion - .s1.tor-gateways.de - .s2.tor-gateways.de - .s3.tor-gateways.de - .s4.tor-gateways.de - .s5.tor-gateways.de - .t2w.pw - .tor2web.ae.org - .tor2web.blutmagie.de - .tor2web.com - .tor2web.fi - .tor2web.io - .tor2web.org - .tor2web.xyz - .torlink.co condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the import of a alternate datastream to the registry with regedit.exe.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Imports Registry Key From an ADS id: 0b80ade5-6997-4b1d-99a1-71701778ea61 related: - id: 73bba97f-a82d-42ce-b315-9182e76c57b1 type: similar status: test description: Detects the import of a alternate datastream to the registry with regedit.exe. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Regedit/ - https://gist.github.com/api0cradle/cdd2d0d0ec9abb686f0e89306e277b8f author: Oddvar Moe, Sander Wiebing, oscd.community date: 2020-10-12 modified: 2024-03-13 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1112 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \regedit.exe - OriginalFileName: REGEDIT.EXE selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: - ' /i ' - .reg CommandLine|re: :[^ \\] filter: CommandLine|contains|windash: - ' -e ' - ' -a ' - ' -c ' condition: all of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: vulnerability: OpenStack Compute (Nova) before 2014.1.4, 2014.2.x before 2014.2.3, and kilo before kilo-3 does not validate the origin of websocket requests, which allows remote attackers to hija
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0259. CWE: CWE-345. CVSS: 5.099999904632568. OpenStack Compute (Nova) before 2014.1.4, 2014.2.x before 2014.2.3, and kilo before kilo-3 does not validate the origin of websocket requests, which allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for access to consoles via a crafted webpage.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8254. CWE: CWE-345. CVSS: 5.900000095367432. The Frontel protocol before 3 on RSI Video Technologies Videofied devices does not use integrity protection, which makes it easier for man-in-the-middle attackers to (1) initiate a false alarm or (2) deactivate an alarm by modifying the client-server data stream.
Query: explain T1555 Credentials from Password Stores
Matching passage: T1555 Credentials from Password Stores. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.(Citation: F-Secure The Dukes) Passwords are stored in several places on a system, depending on the operating system or application holding the credentials. There are also specific applications and services that store passwords to make them easier for users to manage and maintain, such as password managers and cloud secrets vaults. Once credentials are obtained, they can be used to perform lateral movement and access restricted information.
Near-miss passage: T1555.003 Credentials from Web Browsers. Tactics: credential access. Description: Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers. For example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, <code>AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Login Data</code> and executing a SQL query: <code>SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;</code>. The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function <code>CryptUnprotectData</code>, which uses the victim’s cached logon credentials as the decryption key.(Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018) Adversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017) Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004). Adversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016) After acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).
Query: write Sigma for Detects execution of WinRAR in order to compress a file with a ".dmp"/".dump" extension, which could be a step in a proc
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of WinRAR in order to compress a file with a ".dmp"/".dump" extension, which could be a step in a proc. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Winrar Compressing Dump Files id: 1ac14d38-3dfc-4635-92c7-e3fd1c5f5bfc related: - id: ec570e53-4c76-45a9-804d-dc3f355ff7a7 type: similar status: test description: Detects execution of WinRAR in order to compress a file with a ".dmp"/".dump" extension, which could be a step in a process of dump file exfiltration. references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/overwatch-exposes-aquatic-panda-in-possession-of-log-4-shell-exploit-tools/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-04 modified: 2023-09-12 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1560.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: - \rar.exe - \winrar.exe - Description: Command line RAR selection_extension: CommandLine|contains: - .dmp - .dump - .hdmp condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of WinRAR with a command line in which ".dmp" or ".dump" appears accidentally - Legitimate use of WinRAR to compress WER ".dmp" files for troubleshooting level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects executable access via webdav6. Can be seen in APT 29 such as from the emulated APT 29 hackathon https://github.c. Logsource: zeek / http. Rule: title: Executable from Webdav id: aac2fd97-bcba-491b-ad66-a6edf89c71bf status: test description: Detects executable access via webdav6. Can be seen in APT 29 such as from the emulated APT 29 hackathon https://github.com/OTRF/detection-hackathon-apt29/ references: - http://carnal0wnage.attackresearch.com/2012/06/webdav-server-to-download-custom.html - https://github.com/OTRF/detection-hackathon-apt29 author: SOC Prime, Adam Swan date: 2020-05-01 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: product: zeek service: http detection: selection_webdav: - c-useragent|contains: WebDAV - c-uri|contains: webdav selection_executable: - resp_mime_types|contains: dosexec - c-uri|endswith: .exe condition: selection_webdav and selection_executable falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: risk of CFURL in Apple iOS before 8.3 and Apple OS X before 10.10.3 does not properly validate URLs, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted web site.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1088. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. CFURL in Apple iOS before 8.3 and Apple OS X before 10.10.3 does not properly validate URLs, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted web site.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1382. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.0. parsers.c in Privoxy before 3.0.23 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read and crash) via vectors related to an HTTP time header.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8003
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8003. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. MediaWiki before 1.23.11, 1.24.x before 1.24.4, and 1.25.x before 1.25.3 does not throttle file uploads, which allows remote authenticated users to have unspecified impact via multiple file uploads.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1740. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1735, CVE-2015-1744, CVE-2015-1745, and CVE-2015-1766.
Query: write Sigma for Detects changes to the HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity registry key and the "Enabled" value being set to 0 in order to d
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity registry key and the "Enabled" value being set to 0 in order to d. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Windows Hypervisor Enforced Code Integrity Disabled id: 8b7273a4-ba5d-4d8a-b04f-11f2900d043a related: - id: 6225c53a-a96e-4235-b28f-8d7997cd96eb type: similar status: test description: 'Detects changes to the HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity registry key and the "Enabled" value being set to 0 in order to disable the Hypervisor Enforced Code Integrity feature. This allows an attacker to load unsigned and untrusted code to be run in the kernel ' references: - https://www.welivesecurity.com/2023/03/01/blacklotus-uefi-bootkit-myth-confirmed/ - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/04e487c1828d76df3e834621f4f893ea756d5232/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md#atomic-test-43---disable-hypervisor-enforced-code-integrity-hvci author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Anish Bogati date: 2023-03-14 modified: 2024-07-05 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: - \Control\DeviceGuard\HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity - \Control\DeviceGuard\Scenarios\HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity\Enabled - \Microsoft\Windows\DeviceGuard\HypervisorEnforcedCodeIntegrity Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate system administration tasks that require disabling HVCI for troubleshooting purposes when certain drivers or applications are incompatible with it. level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_deviceguard_hypervisorenforcedcodeintegrity_disabled/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Disable Hypervisor-Enforced Code Integrity (HVCI) technique: T1562.001 atomic_guid: 70bd71e6-eba4-4e00-92f7-617911dbe020
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects logon events that specify new credentials. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Outgoing Logon with New Credentials id: def8b624-e08f-4ae1-8612-1ba21190da6b status: test description: Detects logon events that specify new credentials references: - https://go.recordedfuture.com/hubfs/reports/mtp-2021-0914.pdf author: Max Altgelt (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-04-06 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1550 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 4624 LogonType: 9 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate remote administration activity level: low
Query: detection rule: Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still pres
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still pres. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Finger.EXE Execution id: af491bca-e752-4b44-9c86-df5680533dbc related: - id: c082c2b0-525b-4dbc-9a26-a57dc4692074 type: similar - id: 2fdaf50b-9fd5-449f-ba69-f17248119af6 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects execution of the "finger.exe" utility. Finger.EXE or "TCPIP Finger Command" is an old utility that is still present on modern Windows installation. It Displays information about users on a specified remote computer (typically a UNIX computer) that is running the finger service or daemon. Due to the old nature of this utility and the rareness of machines having the finger service. Any execution of "finger.exe" can be considered "suspicious" and worth investigating. ' references: - https://twitter.com/bigmacjpg/status/1349727699863011328?s=12 - https://app.any.run/tasks/40115012-a919-4208-bfed-41e82cb3dadf/ - http://hyp3rlinx.altervista.org/advisories/Windows_TCPIP_Finger_Command_C2_Channel_and_Bypassing_Security_Software.txt author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), omkar72, oscd.community date: 2021-02-24 modified: 2024-06-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: finger.exe - Image|endswith: \finger.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Admin activity (unclear what they do nowadays with finger.exe) level: high regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_finger_execution/info.yml
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects tampering with EventLog service "file" key. In order to change the default location of an Evtx file. This techni. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential EventLog File Location Tampering id: 0cb8d736-995d-4ce7-a31e-1e8d452a1459 status: test description: Detects tampering with EventLog service "file" key. In order to change the default location of an Evtx file. This technique is used to tamper with log collection and alerting references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/eventlog/eventlog-key author: D3F7A5105 date: 2023-01-02 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\EventLog\ TargetObject|endswith: \File filter: Details|contains: \System32\Winevt\Logs\ condition: selection and not filter falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: describe CVE-2015-8680
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8680. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. The Graphics driver in Huawei P8 smartphones with software GRA-TL00 before GRA-TL00C01B230, GRA-CL00 before GRA-CL00C92B230, GRA-CL10 before GRA-CL10C92B230, GRA-UL00 before GRA-UL00C00B230, and GRA-UL10 before GRA-UL10C00B230, and Mate S smartphones with software CRR-TL00 before CRR-TL00C01B160SP01, CRR-UL00 before CRR-UL00C00B160, and CRR-CL00 before CRR-CL00C92B161 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (system crash) or gain privileges via a crafted application with the graphics permission, aka an "interface access control vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8307.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3840. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.5. The MessageStatusReceiver service in the AndroidManifest.XML in Android 5.1.1 and earlier allows local users to alter sent/received statuses of SMS and MMS messages without the associated "WRITE_SMS" permission.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-9433
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9433. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.5. The wp-social-bookmarking-light plugin before 1.7.10 for WordPress has CSRF with resultant XSS via configuration parameters for Tumblr, Twitter, Facebook, etc. in wp-admin/options-general.php?page=wp-social-bookmarking-light%2Fmodules%2Fadmin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6944. CWE: CWE-352. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in JSP/MySQL Administrador Web 1 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cmd parameter to sys/sys/listaBD2.jsp.
Query: exploit CRLF injection vulnerability in Squid before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via a crafted header in a re
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0881. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. CRLF injection vulnerability in Squid before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via a crafted header in a response.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4371. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. Open redirect vulnerability in the Perfecto module before 7.x-1.2 for Drupal allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in an unspecified parameter.
Query: explain T1195.003 Compromise Hardware Supply Chain
Matching passage: T1195.003 Compromise Hardware Supply Chain. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate hardware components in products prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. By modifying hardware or firmware in the supply chain, adversaries can insert a backdoor into consumer networks that may be difficult to detect and give the adversary a high degree of control over the system. Hardware backdoors may be inserted into various devices, such as servers, workstations, network infrastructure, or peripherals.
Near-miss passage: T1195.001 Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools. Tactics: initial access. Description: Adversaries may manipulate software dependencies and development tools prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. Applications often depend on external software to function properly. Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications, such as pip and NPM packages, may be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency.(Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)(Citation: Bitdefender NPM Repositories Compromised 2021)(Citation: MANDVI Malicious npm and PyPI Packages Disguised) This may also include abandoned packages, which in some cases could be re-registered by threat actors after being removed by adversaries.(Citation: The Hacker News PyPi Revival Hijack 2024) Adversaries may also employ "typosquatting" or name-confusion by choosing names similar to existing popular libraries or packages in order to deceive a user.(Citation: Ahmed Backdoors in Python and NPM Packages)(Citation: Meyer PyPI Supply Chain Attack Uncovered)(Citation: Checkmarx-oss-seo) Additionally, CI/CD pipeline components, such as GitHub Actions, may be targeted in order to gain access to the building, testing, and deployment cycles of an application.(Citation: Unit 42 Palo Alto GitHub Actions Supply Chain Attack 2025) By adding malicious code into a GitHub action, a threat actor may be able to collect runtime credentials (e.g., via [Proc Filesystem](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003/007)) or insert further malicious components into the build pipelines for a second-order supply chain compromise.(Citation: OWASP CICD-SEC-4) As GitHub Actions are often dependent on other GitHub Actions, threat actors may be able to infect a large number of repositories via the compromise of a single Action.(Citation: Palo Alto Networks GitHub Actions Worm 2023) Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set or may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims.
Query: exploit IOAcceleratorFamily in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted a
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3706. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. IOAcceleratorFamily in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-3705.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8391. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The pcre_compile function in pcre_compile.c in PCRE before 8.38 mishandles certain [: nesting, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted regular expression, as demonstrated by a JavaScript RegExp object encountered by Konqueror.