alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: hunt for Domain Account activity
Matching passage: T1136.002 Domain Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems. Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services where access and permissions are configured across systems and services that are part of that domain. Domain accounts can cover user, administrator, and service accounts. With a sufficient level of access, the <code>net user /add /domain</code> command can be used to create a domain account.(Citation: Savill 1999) Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.
Near-miss passage: T1136.001 Local Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems. Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account. In Linux, the `useradd` command can be used, while on macOS systems, the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used. Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, to ESXi servers via `esxcli system account add`, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security) Adversaries may also create new local accounts on network firewall management consoles – for example, by exploiting a vulnerable firewall management system, threat actors may be able to establish super-admin accounts that could be used to modify firewall rules and gain further access to the network.(Citation: Cyber Security News) Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.
Query: detection engineering for Data Encoding
Matching passage: T1132 Data Encoding. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may encode data to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system. Use of data encoding may adhere to existing protocol specifications and includes use of ASCII, Unicode, Base64, MIME, or other binary-to-text and character encoding systems.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.
Near-miss passage: T1132.002 Non-Standard Encoding. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications. Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding)(Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding)
Query: weakness Mutable Attestation or Measurement Reporting Data
Matching passage: CWE-1283 Mutable Attestation or Measurement Reporting Data. The register contents used for attestation or measurement reporting data to verify boot flow are modifiable by an adversary.
Near-miss passage: CWE-614 Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without 'Secure' Attribute. The Secure attribute for sensitive cookies in HTTPS sessions is not set.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Agile PLM Framework component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 9.3.3 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vect
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2644. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Agile PLM Framework component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 9.3.3 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality via unknown vectors related to Security.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7210. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Use-after-free vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox before 43.0 and Firefox ESR 38.x before 38.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by triggering attempted use of a data channel that has been closed by a WebRTC function.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-2846
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2846. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. BitTorrent Sync allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted btsync: link.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0778. CWE: CWE-77. CVSS: 7.5. osc before 0.151.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a _service file.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / process_creation
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Conti recommendation to its affiliates to use esentutl to access NTDS dumped file. Trickbot also uses this utilities to. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Esentutl Gather Credentials id: 7df1713a-1a5b-4a4b-a071-dc83b144a101 status: test description: Conti recommendation to its affiliates to use esentutl to access NTDS dumped file. Trickbot also uses this utilities to get MSEdge info via its module pwgrab. references: - https://twitter.com/vxunderground/status/1423336151860002816 - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/01/bazarcall-to-conti-ransomware-via-trickbot-and-cobalt-strike/ author: sam0x90 date: 2021-08-06 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003 - attack.t1003.003 - attack.s0404 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - esentutl - ' /p' condition: selection falsepositives: - To be determined level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects when a EFS Fileshare Mount is modified or deleted. An adversary breaking any file system using the mount target. Logsource: aws / cloudtrail. Rule: title: AWS EFS Fileshare Mount Modified or Deleted id: 6a7ba45c-63d8-473e-9736-2eaabff79964 status: test description: Detects when a EFS Fileshare Mount is modified or deleted. An adversary breaking any file system using the mount target that is being deleted, which might disrupt instances or applications using those mounts. references: - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/API_DeleteMountTarget.html author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-15 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1485 logsource: product: aws service: cloudtrail detection: selection: eventSource: elasticfilesystem.amazonaws.com eventName: DeleteMountTarget condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Query: risk of The WebPageSerializerImpl::openTagToString function in WebKit/Source/web/WebPageSerializerImpl.cpp in the page serializer in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.80 does not properly use
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6790. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The WebPageSerializerImpl::openTagToString function in WebKit/Source/web/WebPageSerializerImpl.cpp in the page serializer in Google Chrome before 47.0.2526.80 does not properly use HTML entities, which might allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted document, as demonstrated by a double-quote character inside a single-quoted string.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0661. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.0. The SNMPv2 implementation in Cisco IOS XR allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (snmpd daemon reload) via a malformed SNMP packet, aka Bug ID CSCur25858.
Query: risk of Zend Framework before 2.2.10 and 2.3.x before 2.3.5 has Potential SQL injection in PostgreSQL Zend\Db adapter.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0270. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Zend Framework before 2.2.10 and 2.3.x before 2.3.5 has Potential SQL injection in PostgreSQL Zend\Db adapter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2102. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 7.5. SQL injection vulnerability in view_item.php in ClipBucket 2.7 RC3 (2.7.0.4.v2929-rc3) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the item parameter.
Query: CWE for Insufficient Isolation of System-Dependent Functions
Matching passage: CWE-1100 Insufficient Isolation of System-Dependent Functions. The product or code does not isolate system-dependent functionality into separate standalone modules.
Near-miss passage: CWE-615 Inclusion of Sensitive Information in Source Code Comments. While adding general comments is very useful, some programmers tend to leave important data, such as: filenames related to the web application, old links or links which were not meant to be browsed by users, old code fragments, etc.
Query: describe CVE-2015-9298
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9298. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The events-manager plugin before 5.6 for WordPress has code injection.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1399. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.5. PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in the fetchView function in the Mage_Core_Block_Template_Zend class in Magento Community Edition (CE) 1.9.1.0 and Enterprise Edition (EE) 1.14.1.0 allows remote administrators to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in unspecified vectors involving the setScriptPath function. NOTE: it is not clear whether this issue crosses privilege boundaries, since administrators might already have privileges to include arbitrary files.
Query: rule covering Detects usage of Time Travel Debugging Utility. Adversaries can execute malicious processes and dump processes, such as
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of Time Travel Debugging Utility. Adversaries can execute malicious processes and dump processes, such as. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Time Travel Debugging Utility Usage - Image id: e76c8240-d68f-4773-8880-5c6f63595aaf status: test description: Detects usage of Time Travel Debugging Utility. Adversaries can execute malicious processes and dump processes, such as lsass.exe, via tttracer.exe. references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Tttracer/ - https://twitter.com/mattifestation/status/1196390321783025666 - https://twitter.com/oulusoyum/status/1191329746069655553 author: Ensar Şamil, @sblmsrsn, @oscd_initiative date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2022-12-02 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 - attack.t1003.001 logsource: product: windows category: image_load detection: selection: ImageLoaded|endswith: - \ttdrecord.dll - \ttdwriter.dll - \ttdloader.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate usage by software developers/testers level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a copy command or a copy utility execution to or from an Admin share or remote. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Copy From Or To Admin Share Or Sysvol Folder id: 855bc8b5-2ae8-402e-a9ed-b889e6df1900 status: test description: Detects a copy command or a copy utility execution to or from an Admin share or remote references: - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1211636381086339073 - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lKya3_mLnR3UQuCoiYruO3qgu052_iS_/view - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/security/current/remote-file-copy-to-a-hidden-share.html - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/10/18/defenders-beware-a-case-for-post-ransomware-investigations/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), oscd.community, Teymur Kheirkhabarov @HeirhabarovT, Zach Stanford @svch0st, Nasreddine Bencherchali date: 2019-12-30 modified: 2025-10-22 tags: - attack.lateral-movement - attack.collection - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1039 - attack.t1048 - attack.t1021.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_target: CommandLine|contains: - \\\\*\\*$ - \Sysvol\ selection_other_tools: - Image|endswith: - \robocopy.exe - \xcopy.exe - OriginalFileName: - robocopy.exe - XCOPY.EXE selection_cmd_img: - Image|endswith: \cmd.exe - OriginalFileName: Cmd.Exe selection_cmd_cli: CommandLine|contains: copy selection_pwsh_img: - Image|contains: - \powershell_ise.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - OriginalFileName: - powershell_ise.exe - PowerShell.EXE - pwsh.dll selection_pwsh_cli: CommandLine|contains: - copy-item - 'copy ' - 'cpi ' - ' cp ' - 'move ' - ' move-item' - ' mi ' - ' mv ' condition: selection_target and (selection_other_tools or all of selection_cmd_* or all of selection_pwsh_*) falsepositives: - Administrative scripts level: medium
Query: risk of Facebook Proxygen before 2015-11-09 mismanages HTTPMessage.request state, which allows remote attackers to conduct hijacking attacks and bypass ACL checks.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7265. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 7.5. Facebook Proxygen before 2015-11-09 mismanages HTTPMessage.request state, which allows remote attackers to conduct hijacking attacks and bypass ACL checks.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0667. CWE: CWE-284. CVSS: 5.0. The Management Interface on Cisco Content Services Switch (CSS) 11500 devices 8.20.4.02 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass intended restrictions on local-network device access via crafted SSH packets, aka Bug ID CSCut14855.
Query: CWE for Invokable Control Element in Multi-Thread Context with non-Final Static Storable or Member Element
Matching passage: CWE-1058 Invokable Control Element in Multi-Thread Context with non-Final Static Storable or Member Element. The code contains a function or method that operates in a multi-threaded environment but owns an unsafe non-final static storable or member data element.
Near-miss passage: CWE-1253 Incorrect Selection of Fuse Values. The logic level used to set a system to a secure state relies on a fuse being unblown.
Query: exploit SQL injection vulnerability in the Manager interface in Cisco Prime Collaboration 10.5(1) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted URL, aka Bug IDs C
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4188. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 5.0. SQL injection vulnerability in the Manager interface in Cisco Prime Collaboration 10.5(1) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a crafted URL, aka Bug IDs CSCuu29910, CSCuu29928, and CSCuu59104.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9446. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. The unite-gallery-lite plugin before 1.5 for WordPress has SQL injection via data[galleryID] to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php.
Query: intelligence brief on T1027.006
Matching passage: T1027.006 HTML Smuggling. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may smuggle data and files past content filters by hiding malicious payloads inside of seemingly benign HTML files. HTML documents can store large binary objects known as JavaScript Blobs (immutable data that represents raw bytes) that can later be constructed into file-like objects. Data may also be stored in Data URLs, which enable embedding media type or MIME files inline of HTML documents. HTML5 also introduced a download attribute that may be used to initiate file downloads.(Citation: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018) Adversaries may deliver payloads to victims that bypass security controls through HTML Smuggling by abusing JavaScript Blobs and/or HTML5 download attributes. Security controls such as web content filters may not identify smuggled malicious files inside of HTML/JS files, as the content may be based on typically benign MIME types such as <code>text/plain</code> and/or <code>text/html</code>. Malicious files or data can be obfuscated and hidden inside of HTML files through Data URLs and/or JavaScript Blobs and can be deobfuscated when they reach the victim (i.e. [Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1140)), potentially bypassing content filters. For example, JavaScript Blobs can be abused to dynamically generate malicious files in the victim machine and may be dropped to disk by abusing JavaScript functions such as <code>msSaveBlob</code>.(Citation: HTML Smuggling Menlo Security 2020)(Citation: MSTIC NOBELIUM May 2021)(Citation: Outlflank HTML Smuggling 2018)(Citation: nccgroup Smuggling HTA 2017)
Near-miss passage: T1027.001 Binary Padding. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may use binary padding to add junk data and change the on-disk representation of malware. This can be done without affecting the functionality or behavior of a binary, but can increase the size of the binary beyond what some security tools are capable of handling due to file size limitations. Binary padding effectively changes the checksum of the file and can also be used to avoid hash-based blocklists and static anti-virus signatures.(Citation: ESET OceanLotus) The padding used is commonly generated by a function to create junk data and then appended to the end or applied to sections of malware.(Citation: Securelist Malware Tricks April 2017) Increasing the file size may decrease the effectiveness of certain tools and detection capabilities that are not designed or configured to scan large files. This may also reduce the likelihood of being collected for analysis. Public file scanning services, such as VirusTotal, limits the maximum size of an uploaded file to be analyzed.(Citation: VirusTotal FAQ)
Query: ATT&CK technique for Serverless
Matching passage: T1584.007 Serverless. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers, AWS Lambda functions, or Google Apps Scripts, that can be used during targeting. By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)(Citation: GWS Apps Script Abuse 2021) As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers - making it easier to [Hide Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1665).(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)
Near-miss passage: T1584.001 Domains. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting. Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking) Adversaries may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain. The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration. Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account, taking advantage of renewal process gaps, or compromising a cloud service that enables managing domains (e.g., AWS Route53).(Citation: Krebs DNS Hijack 2019) Subdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources. In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020) Adversaries who compromise a domain may also engage in domain shadowing by creating malicious subdomains under their control while keeping any existing DNS records. As service will not be disrupted, the malicious subdomains may go unnoticed for long periods of time.(Citation: Palo Alto Unit 42 Domain Shadowing 2022)
Query: detect Detects Obfuscated Powershell via VAR++ LAUNCHER in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via VAR++ LAUNCHER. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation VAR++ LAUNCHER OBFUSCATION - PowerShell id: e54f5149-6ba3-49cf-b153-070d24679126 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via VAR++ LAUNCHER references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2020-10-13 modified: 2024-04-05 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_4104: ScriptBlockText|re: (?i)&&set.*(\{\d\}){2,}\\"\s+?-f.*&&.*cmd.*/c condition: selection_4104 falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious service installation commands. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Suspicious Service Installation id: 1d61f71d-59d2-479e-9562-4ff5f4ead16b related: - id: ca83e9f3-657a-45d0-88d6-c1ac280caf53 type: obsolete - id: 26481afe-db26-4228-b264-25a29fe6efc7 type: similar status: test description: Detects suspicious service installation commands references: - Internal Research author: pH-T (Nextron Systems), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-03-18 modified: 2023-12-04 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - car.2013-09-005 - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 ImagePath|contains: - ' -nop ' - ' -sta ' - ' -w hidden ' - :\Temp\ - .downloadfile( - .downloadstring( - \ADMIN$\ - \Perflogs\ - '&&' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Event Triggered Execution
Matching passage: T1546 Event Triggered Execution. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges using system mechanisms that trigger execution based on specific events. Various operating systems have means to monitor and subscribe to events such as logons or other user activity such as running specific applications/binaries. Cloud environments may also support various functions and services that monitor and can be invoked in response to specific cloud events.(Citation: Backdooring an AWS account)(Citation: Varonis Power Automate Data Exfiltration)(Citation: Microsoft DART Case Report 001) Adversaries may abuse these mechanisms as a means of maintaining persistent access to a victim via repeatedly executing malicious code. After gaining access to a victim system, adversaries may create/modify event triggers to point to malicious content that will be executed whenever the event trigger is invoked.(Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)(Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)(Citation: amnesia malware) Since the execution can be proxied by an account with higher permissions, such as SYSTEM or service accounts, an adversary may be able to abuse these triggered execution mechanisms to escalate their privileges.
Near-miss passage: T1546.010 AppInit DLLs. Tactics: privilege escalation, persistence. Description: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)