alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: threat report mentioning Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism
Matching passage: T1548 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries may circumvent mechanisms designed to control privilege elevation to gain higher-level permissions. Most modern systems contain native elevation control mechanisms that are intended to limit privileges that a user can perform on a machine. Authorization has to be granted to specific users in order to perform tasks that can be considered of higher risk.(Citation: TechNet How UAC Works)(Citation: sudo man page 2018) An adversary can perform several methods to take advantage of built-in control mechanisms in order to escalate privileges on a system.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware)(Citation: Fortinet Fareit)
Near-miss passage: T1548.006 TCC Manipulation. Tactics: privilege escalation. Description: Adversaries can manipulate or abuse the Transparency, Consent, & Control (TCC) service or database to grant malicious executables elevated permissions. TCC is a Privacy & Security macOS control mechanism used to determine if the running process has permission to access the data or services protected by TCC, such as screen sharing, camera, microphone, or Full Disk Access (FDA). When an application requests to access data or a service protected by TCC, the TCC daemon (`tccd`) checks the TCC database, located at `/Library/Application Support/com.apple.TCC/TCC.db` (and `~/` equivalent), and an overwrites file (if connected to an MDM) for existing permissions. If permissions do not exist, then the user is prompted to grant permission. Once permissions are granted, the database stores the application's permissions and will not prompt the user again unless reset. For example, when a web browser requests permissions to the user's webcam, once granted the web browser may not explicitly prompt the user again.(Citation: welivesecurity TCC) Adversaries may access restricted data or services protected by TCC through abusing applications previously granted permissions through [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055) or executing a malicious binary using another application. For example, adversaries can use Finder, a macOS native app with FDA permissions, to execute a malicious [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002). When executing under the Finder App, the malicious [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002) inherits access to all files on the system without requiring a user prompt. When System Integrity Protection (SIP) is disabled, TCC protections are also disabled. For a system without SIP enabled, adversaries can manipulate the TCC database to add permissions to their malicious executable through loading an adversary controlled TCC database using environment variables and [Launchctl](https://attack.mitre.org/techni
Query: describe CVE-2015-7705
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7705. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The rate limiting feature in NTP 4.x before 4.2.8p4 and 4.3.x before 4.3.77 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a large number of crafted requests.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8226. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 5.5. The Joint Photographic Experts Group Processing Unit (JPU) driver in Huawei ALE smartphones with software before ALE-UL00C00B220 and ALE-TL00C01B220 and GEM-703L smartphones with software before V100R001C233B111 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted application with the system or camera permission, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8225.
Query: vulnerability: WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.6, 7.x before 7.1.6, and 8.x before 8.0.6, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corrupt
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1154. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.6, 7.x before 7.1.6, and 8.x before 8.0.6, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1152 and CVE-2015-1153.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1758. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.900000095367432. Untrusted search path vulnerability in the LoadLibrary function in the kernel in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, and Windows RT allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory, aka "Windows LoadLibrary EoP Vulnerability."
Query: what is T1218
Matching passage: T1218 System Binary Proxy Execution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)
Near-miss passage: T1218.015 Electron Applications. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse components of the Electron framework to execute malicious code. The Electron framework hosts many common applications such as Signal, Slack, and Microsoft Teams.(Citation: Electron 2) Originally developed by GitHub, Electron is a cross-platform desktop application development framework that employs web technologies like JavaScript, HTML, and CSS.(Citation: Electron 3) The Chromium engine is used to display web content and Node.js runs the backend code.(Citation: Electron 1) Due to the functional mechanics of Electron (such as allowing apps to run arbitrary commands), adversaries may also be able to perform malicious functions in the background potentially disguised as legitimate tools within the framework.(Citation: Electron 1) For example, the abuse of `teams.exe` and `chrome.exe` may allow adversaries to execute malicious commands as child processes of the legitimate application (e.g., `chrome.exe --disable-gpu-sandbox --gpu-launcher="C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe /c calc.exe`).(Citation: Electron 6-8) Adversaries may also execute malicious content by planting malicious [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) within Electron applications.(Citation: Electron Security)
Query: secure coding against Storing Passwords in a Recoverable Format
Matching passage: CWE-257 Storing Passwords in a Recoverable Format. The storage of passwords in a recoverable format makes them subject to password reuse attacks by malicious users. In fact, it should be noted that recoverable encrypted passwords provide no significant benefit over plaintext passwords since they are subject not only to reuse by malicious attackers but also by malicious insiders. If a system administrator can recover a password directly, or use a brute force search on the available information, the administrator can use the password on other accounts.
Near-miss passage: CWE-618 Exposed Unsafe ActiveX Method. An ActiveX control is intended for use in a web browser, but it exposes dangerous methods that perform actions that are outside of the browser's security model (e.g. the zone or domain).
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in in Oracle Java SE 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to De
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0458. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.599999904632568. Unspecified vulnerability in in Oracle Java SE 6u91, 7u76, and 8u40 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Deployment.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9067. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, a potential compiler optimization of memset() is addressed.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-1074
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1074. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1082. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.4, 7.x before 7.1.4, and 8.x before 8.0.4, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in APPLE-SA-2015-03-17-1.
Query: vulnerability: Windows Journal in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1,
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2514. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Windows Journal in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and Windows 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted .jnt file, aka "Windows Journal RCE Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-2513 and CVE-2015-2530.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5401. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Teradata Gateway before 15.00.03.02-1 and 15.10.x before 15.10.00.01-1 and TD Express before 15.00.02.08_Sles10 and 15.00.02.08_Sles11 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (database crash) via a malformed CONFIG REQUEST message.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-7661
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7661. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted getBounds call, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7652, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7654, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7663, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8043, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4800. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 4.0. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.26 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Optimizer.
Query: risk of The svn_repos_trace_node_locations function in Apache Subversion before 1.7.21 and 1.8.x before 1.8.14, when path-based authorization is used, allows remote authenticated users to 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3187. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The svn_repos_trace_node_locations function in Apache Subversion before 1.7.21 and 1.8.x before 1.8.14, when path-based authorization is used, allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive path information by reading the history of a node that has been moved from a hidden path.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0519. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 2.0999999046325684. The InputAccel Database (IADB) installation process in EMC Captiva Capture 7.0 before patch 25 and 7.1 before patch 13 places a cleartext InputAccel (IA) SQL password in a DAL log file, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading a file.
Query: SOC alert related to Remote Desktop Software
Matching passage: T1219.002 Remote Desktop Software. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate desktop support software to establish an interactive command and control channel to target systems within networks. Desktop support software provides a graphical interface for remotely controlling another computer, transmitting the display output, keyboard input, and mouse control between devices using various protocols. Desktop support software, such as `VNC`, `Team Viewer`, `AnyDesk`, `ScreenConnect`, `LogMein`, `AmmyyAdmin`, and other remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, are commonly used as legitimate technical support software and may be allowed by application control within a target environment.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software such as Zoom or Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop.(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Near-miss passage: T1219 Remote Access Tools. Tactics: command and control. Description: An adversary may use legitimate remote access tools to establish an interactive command and control channel within a network. Remote access tools create a session between two trusted hosts through a graphical interface, a command line interaction, a protocol tunnel via development or management software, or hardware-level access such as KVM (Keyboard, Video, Mouse) over IP solutions. Desktop support software (usually graphical interface) and remote management software (typically command line interface) allow a user to control a computer remotely as if they are a local user inheriting the user or software permissions. This software is commonly used for troubleshooting, software installation, and system management.(Citation: Symantec Living off the Land)(Citation: CrowdStrike 2015 Global Threat Report)(Citation: CrySyS Blog TeamSpy) Adversaries may similarly abuse response features included in EDR and other defensive tools that enable remote access. Remote access tools may be installed and used post-compromise as an alternate communications channel for redundant access or to establish an interactive remote desktop session with the target system. It may also be used as a malware component to establish a reverse connection or back-connect to a service or adversary-controlled system. Installation of many remote access tools may also include persistence (e.g., the software's installation routine creates a [Windows Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/003)). Remote access modules/features may also exist as part of otherwise existing software (e.g., Google Chrome’s Remote Desktop).(Citation: Google Chrome Remote Desktop)(Citation: Chrome Remote Desktop)
Query: rule covering Detects the change of user type from "Guest" to "Member" for potential elevation of privilege.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the change of user type from "Guest" to "Member" for potential elevation of privilege.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: User State Changed From Guest To Member id: 8dee7a0d-43fd-4b3c-8cd1-605e189d195e status: test description: Detects the change of user type from "Guest" to "Member" for potential elevation of privilege. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#monitoring-external-user-sign-ins author: MikeDuddington, '@dudders1' date: 2022-06-30 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078.004 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: Category: UserManagement OperationName: Update user properties.message: '"displayName":"UserType","oldValue":"[\"Guest\"]","newValue":"[\"Member\"]"' condition: selection falsepositives: - If this was approved by System Administrator. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries for subdomains related to MEGA sharing website. Logsource: windows / dns-client. Rule: title: DNS Query To MEGA Hosting Website - DNS Client id: 66474410-b883-415f-9f8d-75345a0a66a6 related: - id: 613c03ba-0779-4a53-8a1f-47f914a4ded3 type: similar status: test description: Detects DNS queries for subdomains related to MEGA sharing website references: - https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/05/27/detecting-rclone-an-effective-tool-for-exfiltration/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-01-16 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567.002 logsource: product: windows service: dns-client definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-DNS Client Events/Operational Event Log must be enabled/collected in order to receive the events.' detection: selection: EventID: 3008 QueryName|contains: userstorage.mega.co.nz condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate DNS queries and usage of Mega level: medium
Query: vulnerability: Integer overflow in tools/bmp2tiff.c in LibTIFF before 4.0.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read), or possibly obtain sensitive inform
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8870. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Integer overflow in tools/bmp2tiff.c in LibTIFF before 4.0.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read), or possibly obtain sensitive information from process memory, via crafted width and length values in RLE4 or RLE8 data in a BMP file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7004. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. The kernel in Apple iOS before 9.1 allows attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted app.
Query: risk of Report Builder in IBM Jazz Reporting Service (JRS) 5.x before 5.0.2-Rational-CLM-ifix011 and 6.0 before 6.0.0-Rational-CLM-ifix005 allows remote authenticated users to bypass inten
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7468. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Report Builder in IBM Jazz Reporting Service (JRS) 5.x before 5.0.2-Rational-CLM-ifix011 and 6.0 before 6.0.0-Rational-CLM-ifix005 allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended restrictions on administrator tasks via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0721. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.0. Cisco NX-OS 4.0 through 7.3 on Multilayer Director and Nexus 1000V, 2000, 3000, 3500, 4000, 5000, 5500, 5600, 6000, 7000, 7700, and 9000 devices allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended AAA restrictions and obtain privileged CLI access via crafted parameters in an SSH connection negotiation, aka Bug IDs CSCum35502, CSCuw78669, CSCuw79754, and CSCux88492.
Query: Sigma rule for Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Curl Change User Agents - Linux id: b86d356d-6093-443d-971c-9b07db583c68 related: - id: 3286d37a-00fd-41c2-a624-a672dcd34e60 type: derived status: test description: Detects a suspicious curl process start on linux with set useragent options references: - https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-09-15 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /curl CommandLine|contains: - ' -A ' - ' --user-agent ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Scripts created by developers and admins - Administrative activity level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a script interpreter process (like node.js or bun) spawning a known credential scanning tool (e.g., trufflehog,. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: Script Interpreter Spawning Credential Scanner - Linux id: f0025a69-e1b7-4dda-a53c-db21fa2d4071 related: - id: 0f60b28c-64dd-4e2c-9a63-5334d3e3a6e6 type: similar status: experimental description: 'Detects a script interpreter process (like node.js or bun) spawning a known credential scanning tool (e.g., trufflehog, gitleaks). This behavior is indicative of an attempt to find and steal secrets, as seen in the "Shai-Hulud: The Second Coming" campaign. ' references: - https://github.com/asyncapi/cli/blob/2efa4dff59bc3d3cecdf897ccf178f99b115d63d/bun_environment.js - https://www.stepsecurity.io/blog/sha1-hulud-the-second-coming-zapier-ens-domains-and-other-prominent-npm-packages-compromised - https://www.endorlabs.com/learn/shai-hulud-2-malware-campaign-targets-github-and-cloud-credentials-using-bun-runtime - https://semgrep.dev/blog/2025/digging-for-secrets-sha1-hulud-the-second-coming-of-the-npm-worm/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-11-25 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1552 - attack.execution - attack.collection - attack.t1005 - attack.t1059.004 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: - /node - /bun selection_child: - Image|endswith: - /trufflehog - /gitleaks - CommandLine|contains: - trufflehog - gitleaks condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate pre-commit hooks or CI/CD pipeline jobs that use a script to run a credential scanner as part of a security check. level: high
Query: rule covering Detects msdt.exe creating files in suspicious directories which could be a sign of exploitation of either Follina or Dog
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects msdt.exe creating files in suspicious directories which could be a sign of exploitation of either Follina or Dog. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: File Creation In Suspicious Directory By Msdt.EXE id: 318557a5-150c-4c8d-b70e-a9910e199857 status: test description: Detects msdt.exe creating files in suspicious directories which could be a sign of exploitation of either Follina or Dogwalk vulnerabilities references: - https://irsl.medium.com/the-trouble-with-microsofts-troubleshooters-6e32fc80b8bd - https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2022/05/30/guidance-for-cve-2022-30190-microsoft-support-diagnostic-tool-vulnerability/ author: Vadim Varganov, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-24 modified: 2023-02-23 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 - cve.2022-30190 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \msdt.exe TargetFilename|contains: - \Desktop\ - \Start Menu\Programs\Startup\ - C:\PerfLogs\ - C:\ProgramData\ - C:\Users\Public\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of new files with the ".evtx" extension in non-common or non-standard location. This could indicate. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: EVTX Created In Uncommon Location id: 65236ec7-ace0-4f0c-82fd-737b04fd4dcb status: test description: 'Detects the creation of new files with the ".evtx" extension in non-common or non-standard location. This could indicate tampering with default EVTX locations in order to evade security controls or simply exfiltration of event log to search for sensitive information within. Note that backup software and legitimate administrator might perform similar actions during troubleshooting. ' references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/eventlog/eventlog-key author: D3F7A5105 date: 2023-01-02 modified: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 logsource: category: file_event product: windows definition: 'Requirements: The ".evtx" extension should be monitored via a Sysmon configuration. Example: <TargetFilename condition="end with">.evtx<TargetFilename>' detection: selection: TargetFilename|endswith: .evtx filter_main_path: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\Windows\System32\winevt\Logs\ filter_main_baseimage: TargetFilename|startswith: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Containers\BaseImages\ TargetFilename|endswith: \Windows\System32\winevt\Logs\ condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Administrator or backup activity - An unknown bug seems to trigger the Windows "svchost" process to drop EVTX files in the "C:\Windows\Temp" directory in the form "<log_name">_<uuid>.evtx". See https://superuser.com/questions/1371229/low-disk-space-after-filling-up-c-windows-temp-with-evtx-and-txt-files level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_create_evtx_non_common_locations/info.yml