alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: detect Detects suspicious file writes to the root directory of web applications, particularly Apache web servers or Tomcat serv in logs
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects suspicious file writes to the root directory of web applications, particularly Apache web servers or Tomcat serv. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Suspicious File Write to Webapps Root Directory id: 89c42960-f244-4dad-9151-ae9b1a3287a2 status: experimental description: 'Detects suspicious file writes to the root directory of web applications, particularly Apache web servers or Tomcat servers. This may indicate an attempt to deploy malicious files such as web shells or other unauthorized scripts. ' references: - https://labs.watchtowr.com/guess-who-would-be-stupid-enough-to-rob-the-same-vault-twice-pre-auth-rce-chains-in-commvault/ author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-10-20 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1505.003 - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection_susp_img: Image|endswith: - \dotnet.exe - \w3wp.exe - \java.exe selection_servers: TargetFilename|contains: - \apache - \tomcat selection_path: TargetFilename|contains: \webapps\ROOT\ selection_susp_extensions: TargetFilename|endswith: .jsp condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when an account hasn't signed in during the past n number of days.. Logsource: azure / pim. Rule: title: Stale Accounts In A Privileged Role id: e402c26a-267a-45bd-9615-bd9ceda6da85 status: test description: Identifies when an account hasn't signed in during the past n number of days. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-governance/privileged-identity-management/pim-how-to-configure-security-alerts#potential-stale-accounts-in-a-privileged-role author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-14 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: azure service: pim detection: selection: riskEventType: staleSignInAlertIncident condition: selection falsepositives: - Investigate if potential generic account that cannot be removed. level: high
Query: secure coding against Only Filtering Special Elements Relative to a Marker
Matching passage: CWE-796 Only Filtering Special Elements Relative to a Marker. The product receives data from an upstream component, but only accounts for special elements positioned relative to a marker (e.g. at the beginning/end of a string; the second argument), thereby missing remaining special elements that may exist before sending it to a downstream component.
Near-miss passage: CWE-408 Incorrect Behavior Order: Early Amplification. The product allows an entity to perform a legitimate but expensive operation before authentication or authorization has taken place.
Query: risk of SQL injection vulnerability in phpMyBackupPro when run in multi-user mode before 2.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the username and password paramet
Matching passage: CVE-2015-3637. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 8.100000381469727. SQL injection vulnerability in phpMyBackupPro when run in multi-user mode before 2.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the username and password parameters.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-10086. CWE: CWE-89. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in OpenCycleCompass server-php. Affected is an unknown function of the file api1/login.php. The manipulation of the argument user leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The name of the patch is fa0d9bcf81c711a88172ad0d37a842f029ac3782. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-221808.
Query: EDR alert: possible Compile After Delivery (T1027.004)
Matching passage: T1027.004 Compile After Delivery. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may attempt to make payloads difficult to discover and analyze by delivering files to victims as uncompiled code. Text-based source code files may subvert analysis and scrutiny from protections targeting executables/binaries. These payloads will need to be compiled before execution; typically via native utilities such as ilasm.exe(Citation: ATTACK IQ), csc.exe, or GCC/MinGW.(Citation: ClearSky MuddyWater Nov 2018) Source code payloads may also be encrypted, encoded, and/or embedded within other files, such as those delivered as a [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). Payloads may also be delivered in formats unrecognizable and inherently benign to the native OS (ex: EXEs on macOS/Linux) before later being (re)compiled into a proper executable binary with a bundled compiler and execution framework.(Citation: TrendMicro WindowsAppMac)
Near-miss passage: T1027.005 Indicator Removal from Tools. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may remove indicators from tools if they believe their malicious tool was detected, quarantined, or otherwise curtailed. They can modify the tool by removing the indicator and using the updated version that is no longer detected by the target's defensive systems or subsequent targets that may use similar systems. A good example of this is when malware is detected with a file signature and quarantined by anti-virus software. An adversary who can determine that the malware was quarantined because of its file signature may modify the file to explicitly avoid that signature, and then re-use the malware.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / file_event
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a new office macro files on the system via an application (browser, mail client). This can help. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Office Macro File Download id: 0e29e3a7-1ad8-40aa-b691-9f82ecd33d66 related: - id: 91174a41-dc8f-401b-be89-7bfc140612a0 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects the creation of a new office macro files on the system via an application (browser, mail client). This can help identify potential malicious activity, such as the download of macro-enabled documents that could be used for exploitation. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1566.001/T1566.001.md - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/deployoffice/compat/office-file-format-reference author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-23 modified: 2025-10-29 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection_processes: Image|endswith: - \RuntimeBroker.exe - \outlook.exe - \thunderbird.exe - \brave.exe - \chrome.exe - \firefox.exe - \iexplore.exe - \maxthon.exe - \MicrosoftEdge.exe - \msedge.exe - \msedgewebview2.exe - \opera.exe - \safari.exe - \seamonkey.exe - \vivaldi.exe - \whale.exe selection_ext: - TargetFilename|endswith: - .docm - .dotm - .xlsm - .xltm - .potm - .pptm - TargetFilename|contains: - .docm:Zone - .dotm:Zone - .xlsm:Zone - .xltm:Zone - .potm:Zone - .pptm:Zone condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate macro files downloaded from the internet - Legitimate macro files sent as attachments via emails level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the creation of a file with the ".dmp"/".hdmp" extension by a shell or scripting application such as "cmd", "pow. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: Potentially Suspicious DMP/HDMP File Creation id: aba15bdd-657f-422a-bab3-ac2d2a0d6f1c related: - id: 3a525307-d100-48ae-b3b9-0964699d7f97 type: similar status: test description: Detects the creation of a file with the ".dmp"/".hdmp" extension by a shell or scripting application such as "cmd", "powershell", etc. Often created by software during a crash. Memory dumps can sometimes contain sensitive information such as credentials. It's best to determine the source of the crash. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/wer/collecting-user-mode-dumps author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-09-07 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: category: file_event product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: - \cmd.exe - \cscript.exe - \mshta.exe - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe - \wscript.exe TargetFilename|endswith: - .dmp - .dump - .hdmp condition: selection falsepositives: - Some administrative PowerShell or VB scripts might have the ability to collect dumps and move them to other folders which might trigger a false positive. level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_dump_file_susp_creation/info.yml
Query: exploit Summer Baby Zoom Wifi Monitor & Internet Viewing System allows remote attackers to gain privileges via manual entry of a Settings URL.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2889. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Summer Baby Zoom Wifi Monitor & Internet Viewing System allows remote attackers to gain privileges via manual entry of a Settings URL.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1375. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.5. pixabay-images.php in the Pixabay Images plugin before 2.4 for WordPress does not properly restrict access to the upload functionality, which allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary files.
Query: alert when Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes network policy is modified or deleted.
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes network policy is modified or deleted.. Logsource: azure / activitylogs. Rule: title: Azure Kubernetes Network Policy Change id: 08d6ac24-c927-4469-b3b7-2e422d6e3c43 status: test description: Identifies when a Azure Kubernetes network policy is modified or deleted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/role-based-access-control/resource-provider-operations#microsoftkubernetes - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/23/secure-containerized-environments-with-updated-threat-matrix-for-kubernetes/ - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/02/attack-matrix-kubernetes/ - https://medium.com/mitre-engenuity/att-ck-for-containers-now-available-4c2359654bf1 author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-08-07 modified: 2022-08-23 tags: - attack.impact - attack.credential-access - attack.t1485 - attack.t1496 - attack.t1489 logsource: product: azure service: activitylogs detection: selection: operationName: - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/NETWORKING.K8S.IO/NETWORKPOLICIES/WRITE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/NETWORKING.K8S.IO/NETWORKPOLICIES/DELETE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/EXTENSIONS/NETWORKPOLICIES/WRITE - MICROSOFT.KUBERNETES/CONNECTEDCLUSTERS/EXTENSIONS/NETWORKPOLICIES/DELETE condition: selection falsepositives: - Network Policy being modified and deleted may be performed by a system administrator. Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - Network Policy being modified and deleted from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the load of HackSys Extreme Vulnerable Driver which is an intentionally vulnerable Windows driver developed for. Logsource: windows / driver_load. Rule: title: Vulnerable HackSys Extreme Vulnerable Driver Load id: 295c9289-acee-4503-a571-8eacaef36b28 status: test description: Detects the load of HackSys Extreme Vulnerable Driver which is an intentionally vulnerable Windows driver developed for security enthusiasts to learn and polish their exploitation skills at Kernel level and often abused by threat actors references: - https://github.com/hacksysteam/HackSysExtremeVulnerableDriver author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-08-18 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: product: windows category: driver_load detection: selection: - ImageLoaded|endswith: \HEVD.sys - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=f26d0b110873a1c7d8c4f08fbeab89c5 - IMPHASH=c46ea2e651fd5f7f716c8867c6d13594 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8002
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8002. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The chunked upload API (ApiUpload) in MediaWiki before 1.23.11, 1.24.x before 1.24.4, and 1.25.x before 1.25.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (disk consumption) via a file upload using one byte chunks.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8877. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.5. The gdImageScaleTwoPass function in gd_interpolation.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) before 2.2.0, as used in PHP before 5.6.12, uses inconsistent allocate and free approaches, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) via a crafted call, as demonstrated by a call to the PHP imagescale function.
Query: detection rule: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Powershell Execute Batch Script id: b5522a23-82da-44e5-9c8b-e10ed8955f88 status: test description: 'Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. Batch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple system ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1059.003/T1059.003.md#atomic-test-1---create-and-execute-batch-script author: frack113 date: 2022-01-02 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.003 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_start: ScriptBlockText|contains: Start-Process selection_batch: ScriptBlockText|contains: - .cmd - .bat condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administration script level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious program execution in Outlook temp folder. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Execution From Outlook Temporary Folder id: a018fdc3-46a3-44e5-9afb-2cd4af1d4b39 status: test description: Detects a suspicious program execution in Outlook temp folder author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) references: - Internal Research date: 2019-10-01 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|contains: \Temporary Internet Files\Content.Outlook\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Query: risk of Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Contact Form DB (aka CFDB and contact-form-7-to-database-extension) plugin 2.8.26 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject ar
Matching passage: CVE-2015-2040. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Contact Form DB (aka CFDB and contact-form-7-to-database-extension) plugin 2.8.26 for WordPress allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the submit_time parameter in the CF7DBPluginSubmissions page to wp-admin/admin.php.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5514. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 2.5999999046325684. Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Migrate module 7.x-2.x before 7.x-2.8 for Drupal, when the migrate_ui submodule is enabled, allows user-assisted remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a destination field label.
Query: Multiple failed authentications followed by Malicious File
Matching passage: T1204.002 Malicious File. Tactics: execution. Description: An adversary may rely upon a user opening a malicious file in order to gain execution. Users may be subjected to social engineering to get them to open a file that will lead to code execution. This user action will typically be observed as follow-on behavior from [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001). Adversaries may use several types of files that require a user to execute them, including .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf, .scr, .exe, .lnk, .pif, .cpl, .reg, and .iso.(Citation: Mandiant Trojanized Windows 10) Adversaries may employ various forms of [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) and [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027) to increase the likelihood that a user will open and successfully execute a malicious file. These methods may include using a familiar naming convention and/or password protecting the file and supplying instructions to a user on how to open it.(Citation: Password Protected Word Docs) While [Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) frequently occurs shortly after Initial Access it may occur at other phases of an intrusion, such as when an adversary places a file in a shared directory or on a user's desktop hoping that a user will click on it. This activity may also be seen shortly after [Internal Spearphishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534).
Near-miss passage: T1204.005 Malicious Library. Tactics: execution. Description: Adversaries may rely on a user installing a malicious library to facilitate execution. Threat actors may [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) to package managers such as NPM and PyPi, as well as to public code repositories such as GitHub. User may install libraries without realizing they are malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that establishes persistence, steals data, or mines cryptocurrency.(Citation: Datadog Security Labs Malicious PyPi Packages 2024)(Citation: Fortinet Malicious NPM Packages 2023) In some cases, threat actors may compromise and backdoor existing popular libraries (i.e., [Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/001)). Alternatively, they may create entirely new packages and leverage behaviors such as typosquatting to encourage users to install them.
Query: risk of Media Framework in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48Z and 6.0 before 2015-12-01 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, and consequently bypass an unspecified protection mechani
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6628. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. Media Framework in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48Z and 6.0 before 2015-12-01 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information, and consequently bypass an unspecified protection mechanism, via unknown vectors, as demonstrated by obtaining Signature or SignatureOrSystem access, aka internal bug 24074485.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9288. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 6.5. The Unity Web Player plugin before 4.6.6f2 and 5.x before 5.0.3f2 allows attackers to read messages or access online services via a victim's credentials
Query: describe CVE-2015-6385
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6385. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The publish-event event-manager feature in Cisco IOS 15.5(2)S and 15.5(3)S on Cloud Services Router 1000V devices allows local users to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges by leveraging administrative access to enter crafted environment variables, aka Bug ID CSCux14943.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5401. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Teradata Gateway before 15.00.03.02-1 and 15.10.x before 15.10.00.01-1 and TD Express before 15.00.02.08_Sles10 and 15.00.02.08_Sles11 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (database crash) via a malformed CONFIG REQUEST message.
Query: incident response steps for Lateral movement indicators for Web Shell
Matching passage: Playbook for T1505.003 Web Shell. 1) Validate alert telemetry against T1505.003. 2) Scope affected hosts and accounts. 3) Contain by isolating endpoint / disabling account if confirmed. 4) Hunt for related tactics: persistence. 5) Eradicate persistence and recover. Reference detection notes: Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems. A Web shell is a Web script that is placed on an openly accessible Web server to allow an adversary to access the Web server as a gateway into a network. A Web shell may provide a set of functions to execute or a command-line interface on the system that hosts the Web server.(Citation: volexity_0day_sop
Near-miss passage: Playbook for T1505.004 IIS Components. Different response path focused on persistence.
Query: describe CVE-2015-8221
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8221. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Integer overflow in Google Picasa before 3.9.140 Build 259 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the CAMF section in a FOVb image, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4049. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Unisys Libra 43xx, 63xx, and 83xx, and FS600 class systems with MCP-FIRMWARE 40.0 before 40.0IC4 Build 270 might allow remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (data corruption or system crash) via vectors related to using program operators during EPSILON (level 5) based codefiles at peak memory usage, which triggers CPM stack corruption.
Query: Sigma YAML for windows / registry_set
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects changes to the PSFactory COM InProcServer32 registry. This technique was used by RomCom to create persistence st. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential PSFactoryBuffer COM Hijacking id: 243380fa-11eb-4141-af92-e14925e77c1b status: test description: Detects changes to the PSFactory COM InProcServer32 registry. This technique was used by RomCom to create persistence storing a malicious DLL. references: - https://blogs.blackberry.com/en/2023/06/romcom-resurfaces-targeting-ukraine - https://strontic.github.io/xcyclopedia/library/clsid_C90250F3-4D7D-4991-9B69-A5C5BC1C2AE6.html - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/6d3ab9e729bb03ae8ae3fcd824474c5052a165de6cb4c27334969a542c7b261d/detection - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/e/void-rabisu-s-use-of-romcom-backdoor-shows-a-growing-shift-in-th.html author: BlackBerry Threat Research and Intelligence Team - @Joseliyo_Jstnk date: 2023-06-07 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1546.015 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: \CLSID\{c90250f3-4d7d-4991-9b69-a5c5bc1c2ae6}\InProcServer32\(Default) filter_main: Details: - '%windir%\System32\ActXPrxy.dll' - C:\Windows\System32\ActXPrxy.dll condition: selection and not filter_main falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detect use of PDQ Deploy remote admin tool. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PDQ Deploy Remote Adminstartion Tool Execution id: d679950c-abb7-43a6-80fb-2a480c4fc450 related: - id: 12b8e9f5-96b2-41e1-9a42-8c6779a5c184 type: similar status: test description: Detect use of PDQ Deploy remote admin tool references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/9e5b12c4912c07562aec7500447b11fa3e17e254/atomics/T1072/T1072.md - https://www.pdq.com/pdq-deploy/ author: frack113 date: 2022-10-01 modified: 2023-01-30 tags: - attack.execution - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1072 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Description: PDQ Deploy Console - Product: PDQ Deploy - Company: PDQ.com - OriginalFileName: PDQDeployConsole.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate use level: medium