alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: risk of The ANAuthenticateResource method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7623. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The ANAuthenticateResource method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6721, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, and CVE-2015-7620.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8597. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Open redirect vulnerability in Blue Coat ProxySG 6.5 before 6.5.8.8 and 6.6 and Advanced Secure Gateway (ASG) 6.6 might allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a base64-encoded URL in conjunction with a "clear text" one in a coaching page, as demonstrated by "http://www.%humbug-URL%.local/bluecoat-splash-API?%BASE64-URL%."
Query: telemetry for T1048.003
Matching passage: T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.(Citation: copy_cmd_cisco) Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.
Near-miss passage: T1048 Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol. Tactics: exfiltration. Description: Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server. Alternate protocols include FTP, SMTP, HTTP/S, DNS, SMB, or any other network protocol not being used as the main command and control channel. Adversaries may also opt to encrypt and/or obfuscate these alternate channels. [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048) can be done using various common operating system utilities such as [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039)/SMB or FTP.(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016) On macOS and Linux <code>curl</code> may be used to invoke protocols such as HTTP/S or FTP/S to exfiltrate data from a system.(Citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques) Many IaaS and SaaS platforms (such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, GitHub, and AWS S3) support the direct download of files, emails, source code, and other sensitive information via the web console or [Cloud API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/009).
Query: campaign using Internal Spearphishing
Matching passage: T1534 Internal Spearphishing. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: After they already have access to accounts or systems within the environment, adversaries may use internal spearphishing to gain access to additional information or compromise other users within the same organization. Internal spearphishing is multi-staged campaign where a legitimate account is initially compromised either by controlling the user's device or by compromising the account credentials of the user. Adversaries may then attempt to take advantage of the trusted internal account to increase the likelihood of tricking more victims into falling for phish attempts, often incorporating [Impersonation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1684/001).(Citation: Trend Micro - Int SP) For example, adversaries may leverage [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) or [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) as part of internal spearphishing to deliver a payload or redirect to an external site to capture credentials through [Input Capture](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056) on sites that mimic login interfaces. Adversaries may also leverage internal chat apps, such as Microsoft Teams, to spread malicious content or engage users in attempts to capture sensitive information and/or credentials.(Citation: Int SP - chat apps)
Near-miss passage: T1550 Use Alternate Authentication Material. Tactics: lateral movement. Description: Adversaries may use alternate authentication material, such as password hashes, Kerberos tickets, and application access tokens, in order to move laterally within an environment and bypass normal system access controls. Authentication processes generally require a valid identity (e.g., username) along with one or more authentication factors (e.g., password, pin, physical smart card, token generator, etc.). Alternate authentication material is legitimately generated by systems after a user or application successfully authenticates by providing a valid identity and the required authentication factor(s). Alternate authentication material may also be generated during the identity creation process.(Citation: NIST Authentication)(Citation: NIST MFA) Caching alternate authentication material allows the system to verify an identity has successfully authenticated without asking the user to reenter authentication factor(s). Because the alternate authentication must be maintained by the system—either in memory or on disk—it may be at risk of being stolen through [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) techniques. By stealing alternate authentication material, adversaries are able to bypass system access controls and authenticate to systems without knowing the plaintext password or any additional authentication factors.
Query: risk of The proxy engine on Cisco Web Security Appliance (WSA) devices allows remote attackers to bypass intended proxying restrictions via a malformed HTTP method, aka Bug ID CSCus79174.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0628. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 5.0. The proxy engine on Cisco Web Security Appliance (WSA) devices allows remote attackers to bypass intended proxying restrictions via a malformed HTTP method, aka Bug ID CSCus79174.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0174. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.0. The SNMP implementation in IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 8.5 before 8.5.5.5 does not properly handle configuration data, which allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
Query: CWE for Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Matching passage: CWE-345 Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity. The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
Near-miss passage: CWE-508 Non-Replicating Malicious Code. Non-replicating malicious code only resides on the target system or product that is attacked; it does not attempt to spread to other systems.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-1665
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1665. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1659 and CVE-2015-1662.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6326. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) software 7.2 and 8.2 before 8.2(5.58), 8.3 and 8.4 before 8.4(7.29), 8.5 through 8.7 before 8.7(1.17), 9.0 before 9.0(4.37), 9.1 before 9.1(6.6), 9.2 before 9.2(4), 9.3 before 9.3(3.5), and 9.4 before 9.4(1.5) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device reload) via a crafted DNS response, aka Bug ID CSCuu07799.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-6260
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6260. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. Cisco NX-OS 7.1(1)N1(1) on Nexus 5500, 5600, and 6000 devices does not properly validate PDUs in SNMP packets, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (SNMP application restart) via a crafted packet, aka Bug ID CSCut84645.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5144. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Django before 1.4.21, 1.5.x through 1.6.x, 1.7.x before 1.7.9, and 1.8.x before 1.8.3 uses an incorrect regular expression, which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via a newline character in an (1) email message to the EmailValidator, a (2) URL to the URLValidator, or unspecified vectors to the (3) validate_ipv4_address or (4) validate_slug validator.
Query: risk of Race condition in the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol implementation in Cisco IOS and IOS XE allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a flood of Router Solicitatio
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0632. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 5.699999809265137. Race condition in the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol implementation in Cisco IOS and IOS XE allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a flood of Router Solicitation messages on the local network, aka Bug ID CSCuo67770.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6761. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The update_dimensions function in libavcodec/vp8.c in FFmpeg through 2.8.1, as used in Google Chrome before 46.0.2490.71 and other products, relies on a coefficient-partition count during multi-threaded operation, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (race condition and memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted WebM file.
Query: mitigate Weaken Encryption
Matching passage: T1600 Weaken Encryption. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may compromise a network device’s encryption capability in order to bypass encryption that would otherwise protect data communications.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) Encryption can be used to protect transmitted network traffic to maintain its confidentiality (protect against unauthorized disclosure) and integrity (protect against unauthorized changes). Encryption ciphers are used to convert a plaintext message to ciphertext and can be computationally intensive to decipher without the associated decryption key. Typically, longer keys increase the cost of cryptanalysis, or decryption without the key. Adversaries can compromise and manipulate devices that perform encryption of network traffic. For example, through behaviors such as [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001), and [Disable Crypto Hardware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/002), an adversary can negatively effect and/or eliminate a device’s ability to securely encrypt network traffic. This poses a greater risk of unauthorized disclosure and may help facilitate data manipulation, Credential Access, or Collection efforts.(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)
Near-miss passage: T1600.002 Disable Crypto Hardware. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries disable a network device’s dedicated hardware encryption, which may enable them to leverage weaknesses in software encryption in order to reduce the effort involved in collecting, manipulating, and exfiltrating transmitted data. Many network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls, perform encryption on network traffic to secure transmission across networks. Often, these devices are equipped with special, dedicated encryption hardware to greatly increase the speed of the encryption process as well as to prevent malicious tampering. When an adversary takes control of such a device, they may disable the dedicated hardware, for example, through use of [Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601), forcing the use of software to perform encryption on general processors. This is typically used in conjunction with attacks to weaken the strength of the cipher in software (e.g., [Reduce Key Space](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600/001)). (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)
Query: describe CVE-2015-1206
Matching passage: CVE-2015-1206. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.5. Heap-based buffer overflow in Google Chrome before M40 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (unpaged memory write and process crash) via a crafted MP4 file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5545. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5547, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, CVE-2015-5552, and CVE-2015-5553.
Query: vulnerability: Cisco Modular Encoding Platform D9036 Software before 02.04.70 has hardcoded (1) root and (2) guest passwords, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via an SS
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6412. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Cisco Modular Encoding Platform D9036 Software before 02.04.70 has hardcoded (1) root and (2) guest passwords, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via an SSH session, aka Bug ID CSCut88070.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9240. CWE: CWE-255. CVSS: 7.5. Due to a bug in the the default sign in functionality in the keystone node module before 0.3.16, incomplete email addresses could be matched. A correct password is still required to complete sign in.
Query: SOC alert related to Local Account
Matching passage: T1136.001 Local Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to victim systems. Local accounts are those configured by an organization for use by users, remote support, services, or for administration on a single system or service. For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows <code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a local account. In Linux, the `useradd` command can be used, while on macOS systems, the <code>dscl -create</code> command can be used. Local accounts may also be added to network devices, often via common [Network Device CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands such as <code>username</code>, to ESXi servers via `esxcli system account add`, or to Kubernetes clusters using the `kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: Kubernetes Service Accounts Security) Adversaries may also create new local accounts on network firewall management consoles – for example, by exploiting a vulnerable firewall management system, threat actors may be able to establish super-admin accounts that could be used to modify firewall rules and gain further access to the network.(Citation: Cyber Security News) Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system.
Near-miss passage: T1136 Create Account. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may create an account to maintain access to victim systems.(Citation: Symantec WastedLocker June 2020) With a sufficient level of access, creating such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed access that do not require persistent remote access tools to be deployed on the system. Accounts may be created on the local system or within a domain or cloud tenant. In cloud environments, adversaries may create accounts that only have access to specific services, which can reduce the chance of detection.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7808
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7808. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.5. The vB_Api_Hook::decodeArguments method in vBulletin 5 Connect 5.1.2 through 5.1.9 allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks and execute arbitrary PHP code via a crafted serialized object in the arguments parameter to ajax/api/hook/decodeArguments.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0638. CWE: CWE-20. CVSS: 7.099999904632568. Cisco IOS 12.2, 12.4, 15.0, 15.2, and 15.3, when a VRF interface is configured, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (interface queue wedge) via crafted ICMPv4 packets, aka Bug ID CSCsi02145.
Query: CWE for Unprotected Alternate Channel
Matching passage: CWE-420 Unprotected Alternate Channel. The product protects a primary channel, but it does not use the same level of protection for an alternate channel.
Near-miss passage: CWE-49 Path Equivalence: 'filename/' (Trailing Slash). The product accepts path input in the form of trailing slash ('filedir/') without appropriate validation, which can lead to ambiguous path resolution and allow an attacker to traverse the file system to unintended locations or access arbitrary files.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.42 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0501. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 5.699999809265137. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.5.42 and earlier, and 5.6.23 and earlier, allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Compiling.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8474. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Open redirect vulnerability in the valid_back_url function in app/controllers/application_controller.rb in Redmine before 2.6.7, 3.0.x before 3.0.5, and 3.1.x before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted back_url parameter, as demonstrated by "@attacker.com," a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-1985.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching System Binary Proxy Execution
Matching passage: T1218 System Binary Proxy Execution. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may bypass process and/or signature-based defenses by proxying execution of malicious content with signed, or otherwise trusted, binaries. Binaries used in this technique are often Microsoft-signed files, indicating that they have been either downloaded from Microsoft or are already native in the operating system.(Citation: LOLBAS Project) Binaries signed with trusted digital certificates can typically execute on Windows systems protected by digital signature validation. Several Microsoft signed binaries that are default on Windows installations can be used to proxy execution of other files or commands. Similarly, on Linux systems adversaries may abuse trusted binaries such as <code>split</code> to proxy execution of malicious commands.(Citation: split man page)(Citation: GTFO split)
Near-miss passage: T1218.015 Electron Applications. Tactics: stealth. Description: Adversaries may abuse components of the Electron framework to execute malicious code. The Electron framework hosts many common applications such as Signal, Slack, and Microsoft Teams.(Citation: Electron 2) Originally developed by GitHub, Electron is a cross-platform desktop application development framework that employs web technologies like JavaScript, HTML, and CSS.(Citation: Electron 3) The Chromium engine is used to display web content and Node.js runs the backend code.(Citation: Electron 1) Due to the functional mechanics of Electron (such as allowing apps to run arbitrary commands), adversaries may also be able to perform malicious functions in the background potentially disguised as legitimate tools within the framework.(Citation: Electron 1) For example, the abuse of `teams.exe` and `chrome.exe` may allow adversaries to execute malicious commands as child processes of the legitimate application (e.g., `chrome.exe --disable-gpu-sandbox --gpu-launcher="C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe /c calc.exe`).(Citation: Electron 6-8) Adversaries may also execute malicious content by planting malicious [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) within Electron applications.(Citation: Electron Security)
Query: vulnerability: Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compile
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5547. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5544, CVE-2015-5545, CVE-2015-5546, CVE-2015-5548, CVE-2015-5549, CVE-2015-5552, and CVE-2015-5553.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-7019. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 5.599999904632568. The NVIDIA driver in the Graphics Drivers subsystem in Apple OS X before 10.11.1 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and system crash) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7020.
Query: risk of Unspecified vulnerability in IBM Java 8 before SR1, 7 R1 before SR2 FP11, 7 before SR9, 6 R1 before SR8 FP4, 6 before SR16 FP4, and 5.0 before SR16 FP10 allows remote attackers to 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0192. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Unspecified vulnerability in IBM Java 8 before SR1, 7 R1 before SR2 FP11, 7 before SR9, 6 R1 before SR8 FP4, 6 before SR16 FP4, and 5.0 before SR16 FP10 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via unknown vectors related to the Java Virtual Machine.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8467. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 7.5. The samldb_check_user_account_control_acl function in dsdb/samdb/ldb_modules/samldb.c in Samba 4.x before 4.1.22, 4.2.x before 4.2.7, and 4.3.x before 4.3.3 does not properly check for administrative privileges during creation of machine accounts, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended access restrictions by leveraging the existence of a domain with both a Samba DC and a Windows DC, a similar issue to CVE-2015-2535.
Query: CWE for Improper Handling of Faults that Lead to Instruction Skips
Matching passage: CWE-1332 Improper Handling of Faults that Lead to Instruction Skips. The device is missing or incorrectly implements circuitry or sensors that detect and mitigate the skipping of security-critical CPU instructions when they occur.
Near-miss passage: CWE-484 Omitted Break Statement in Switch. The product omits a break statement within a switch or similar construct, causing code associated with multiple conditions to execute. This can cause problems when the programmer only intended to execute code associated with one condition.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-4987
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4987. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 6.5. The search and replay servers in IBM Tealeaf Customer Experience 8.0 through 9.0.2 allow remote attackers to bypass authentication via unspecified vectors. IBM X-Force ID: 105896.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1187. CWE: CWE-287. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The ping tool in multiple D-Link and TRENDnet devices allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the ping_addr parameter to ping.ccp.