alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-0771
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0771. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 6.300000190734863. The IKE implementation in the WS-IPSEC-3 service module in Cisco IOS 12.2 on Catalyst 6500 devices allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (device reload) by sending a crafted message during IPsec tunnel setup, aka Bug ID CSCur70505.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0041. CWE: CWE-399. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-0017, CVE-2015-0020, CVE-2015-0022, CVE-2015-0026, CVE-2015-0030, CVE-2015-0031, and CVE-2015-0036.
Query: exploit Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.26 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Replication.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-4890. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle MySQL Server 5.6.26 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to affect availability via unknown vectors related to Server : Replication.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0424. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 7.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM) component in Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite ILOM prior to 3.2.4 allows remote authenticated users to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via vectors related to IPMI.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Dead Drop Resolver
Matching passage: T1102.001 Dead Drop Resolver. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to host information that points to additional command and control (C2) infrastructure. Adversaries may post content, known as a dead drop resolver, on Web services with embedded (and often obfuscated/encoded) domains or IP addresses. Once infected, victims will reach out to and be redirected by these resolvers. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection. Use of a dead drop resolver may also protect back-end C2 infrastructure from discovery through malware binary analysis while also enabling operational resiliency (since this infrastructure may be dynamically changed).
Near-miss passage: T1102.002 Bidirectional Communication. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system over the Web service channel. Compromised systems may leverage popular websites and social media to host command and control (C2) instructions. Those infected systems can then send the output from those commands back over that Web service channel. The return traffic may occur in a variety of ways, depending on the Web service being utilized. For example, the return traffic may take the form of the compromised system posting a comment on a forum, issuing a pull request to development project, updating a document hosted on a Web service, or by sending a Tweet. Popular websites and social media acting as a mechanism for C2 may give a significant amount of cover due to the likelihood that hosts within a network are already communicating with them prior to a compromise. Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. Web service providers commonly use SSL/TLS encryption, giving adversaries an added level of protection.
Query: Persistence mechanism resembling Asymmetric Cryptography
Matching passage: T1573.002 Asymmetric Cryptography. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver’s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal. For efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).
Near-miss passage: T1573 Encrypted Channel. Tactics: command and control. Description: Adversaries may employ an encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Query: detection rule: Detects Baby Shark C2 Framework default communication patterns
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects Baby Shark C2 Framework default communication patterns. Logsource: proxy. Rule: title: HackTool - BabyShark Agent Default URL Pattern id: 304810ed-8853-437f-9e36-c4975c3dfd7e status: test description: Detects Baby Shark C2 Framework default communication patterns references: - https://nasbench.medium.com/understanding-detecting-c2-frameworks-babyshark-641be4595845 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-06-09 modified: 2024-02-15 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1071.001 logsource: category: proxy detection: selection: c-uri|contains: momyshark\?key= condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: critical
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of AdvancedRun utility. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - AdvancedRun Execution id: d2b749ee-4225-417e-b20e-a8d2193cbb84 related: - id: fa00b701-44c6-4679-994d-5a18afa8a707 type: similar status: test description: Detects the execution of AdvancedRun utility references: - https://twitter.com/splinter_code/status/1483815103279603714 - https://medium.com/s2wblog/analysis-of-destructive-malware-whispergate-targeting-ukraine-9d5d158f19f3 - https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/operation-bleeding-bear - https://www.winhelponline.com/blog/run-program-as-system-localsystem-account-windows/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-01-20 modified: 2023-02-21 tags: - attack.execution - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth - attack.t1564.003 - attack.t1134.002 - attack.t1059.003 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection: - OriginalFileName: AdvancedRun.exe - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /EXEFilename ' - ' /Run' - CommandLine|contains|all: - ' /WindowState 0' - ' /RunAs ' - ' /CommandLine ' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_pua_advancedrun/info.yml
Query: exploit The BIRT Engine servlet in the AR System Mid Tier component before 9.0 SP1 for BMC Remedy AR System Server allows remote authenticated users to "navigate" to arbitrary local files 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5072. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 6.5. The BIRT Engine servlet in the AR System Mid Tier component before 9.0 SP1 for BMC Remedy AR System Server allows remote authenticated users to "navigate" to arbitrary local files via the __imageid parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3613. CWE: CWE-269. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. A vulnerability exists in in FortiManager 5.2.1 and earlier and 5.0.10 and earlier in the WebUI FTP backup page
Query: SOC alert related to Identify Roles
Matching passage: T1591.004 Identify Roles. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting. Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).
Near-miss passage: T1591.001 Determine Physical Locations. Tactics: reconnaissance. Description: Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within. Adversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: SEC EDGAR Search) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).
Query: vulnerability: Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in HP Smart Profile Server Data Analytics Layer (SPS DAL) 2.3 before 2.3.5 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5444. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in HP Smart Profile Server Data Analytics Layer (SPS DAL) 2.3 before 2.3.5 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-9468. CWE: CWE-79. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. The broken-link-manager plugin 0.4.5 for WordPress has XSS via the page parameter in a delURL action.
Query: intelligence brief on T1553.006
Matching passage: T1553.006 Code Signing Policy Modification. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system. Some of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system. Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP) Adversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP)(Citation: FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include <code>bcdedit.exe -set TESTSIGNING ON</code> on Windows and <code>csrutil disable</code> on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP) Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system. Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the
Near-miss passage: T1553.002 Code Signing. Tactics: defense impairment. Description: Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a binary from the developer and a guarantee that the binary has not been tampered with. (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) The certificates used during an operation may be created, acquired, or stolen by the adversary. (Citation: Securelist Digital Certificates) (Citation: Symantec Digital Certificates) Unlike [Invalid Code Signature](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/001), this activity will result in a valid signature. Code signing to verify software on first run can be used on modern Windows and macOS systems. It is not used on Linux due to the decentralized nature of the platform. (Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing)(Citation: EclecticLightChecksonEXECodeSigning) Code signing certificates may be used to bypass security policies that require signed code to execute on a system.
Query: detection rule: Detects a network connection initiated by a binary to "api.mega.co.nz". Attackers were seen abusing file sharing website
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects a network connection initiated by a binary to "api.mega.co.nz". Attackers were seen abusing file sharing website. Logsource: windows / network_connection. Rule: title: Network Connection Initiated To Mega.nz id: fdeebdf0-9f3f-4d08-84a6-4c4d13e39fe4 status: test description: 'Detects a network connection initiated by a binary to "api.mega.co.nz". Attackers were seen abusing file sharing websites similar to "mega.nz" in order to upload/download additional payloads. ' references: - https://megatools.megous.com/ - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/russian-targeting-gov-business author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-06 modified: 2024-05-31 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1567.002 logsource: category: network_connection product: windows detection: selection: Initiated: 'true' DestinationHostname|endswith: - mega.co.nz - mega.nz condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate MEGA installers and utilities are expected to communicate with this domain. Exclude hosts that are known to be allowed to use this tool. level: low
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects the execution of ".xbap" (Browser Applications) files via PresentationHost.EXE from an uncommon location. These. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: XBAP Execution From Uncommon Locations Via PresentationHost.EXE id: d22e2925-cfd8-463f-96f6-89cec9d9bc5f status: test description: 'Detects the execution of ".xbap" (Browser Applications) files via PresentationHost.EXE from an uncommon location. These files can be abused to run malicious ".xbap" files any bypass AWL ' references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Presentationhost/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-01 modified: 2023-11-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \presentationhost.exe - OriginalFileName: PresentationHost.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains: .xbap filter_main_generic: CommandLine|contains: - ' C:\Windows\' - ' C:\Program Files' condition: all of selection* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate ".xbap" being executed via "PresentationHost" level: medium
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8370
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8370. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 7.400000095367432. Multiple integer underflows in Grub2 1.98 through 2.02 allow physically proximate attackers to bypass authentication, obtain sensitive information, or cause a denial of service (disk corruption) via backspace characters in the (1) grub_username_get function in grub-core/normal/auth.c or the (2) grub_password_get function in lib/crypto.c, which trigger an "Off-by-two" or "Out of bounds overwrite" memory error.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5265. CWE: CWE-264. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. The wiki component in Moodle through 2.6.11, 2.7.x before 2.7.10, 2.8.x before 2.8.8, and 2.9.x before 2.9.2 does not consider the mod/wiki:managefiles capability before authorizing file management, which allows remote authenticated users to delete arbitrary files by using a manage-files button in a text editor.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-7550
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7550. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 5.5. The keyctl_read_key function in security/keys/keyctl.c in the Linux kernel before 4.3.4 does not properly use a semaphore, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application that leverages a race condition between keyctl_revoke and keyctl_read calls.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5189. CWE: CWE-362. CVSS: 4.900000095367432. Race condition in pcsd in PCS 0.9.139 and earlier uses a global variable to validate usernames, which allows remote authenticated users to gain privileges by sending a command that is checked for security after another user is authenticated.
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-8620
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8620. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Heap-based buffer overflow in the Avast virtualization driver (aswSnx.sys) in Avast Internet Security, Pro Antivirus, Premier, and Free Antivirus before 11.1.2253 allows local users to gain privileges via a Unicode file path in an IOCTL request.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3052. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.14 and 11.x before 11.0.11 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2014-9161, CVE-2015-3046, CVE-2015-3049, CVE-2015-3050, CVE-2015-3051, CVE-2015-3056, CVE-2015-3057, CVE-2015-3070, and CVE-2015-3076.
Query: vulnerability: SAP Manufacturing Integration and Intelligence (aka MII, formerly xMII) uses weak encryption (Base64 and DES), which allows attackers to conduct downgrade attacks and decrypt passw
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8329. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.0. SAP Manufacturing Integration and Intelligence (aka MII, formerly xMII) uses weak encryption (Base64 and DES), which allows attackers to conduct downgrade attacks and decrypt passwords via unspecified vectors, aka SAP Security Note 2240274.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6932. CWE: CWE-310. CVSS: 5.800000190734863. VMware vCenter Server 5.5 before u3 and 6.0 before u1 does not verify X.509 certificates from TLS LDAP servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-5242
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5242. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 6.0. OpenStack Swift-on-File (aka Swiftonfile) does not properly restrict use of the pickle Python module when loading metadata, which allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted extended attribute (xattrs).
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1695. CWE: CWE-94. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Journal file, aka "Windows Journal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-1675, CVE-2015-1696, CVE-2015-1697, CVE-2015-1698, and CVE-2015-1699.
Query: describe CVE-2015-7039
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7039. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. Buffer overflow in libc in Apple iOS before 9.2, OS X before 10.11.2, tvOS before 9.1, and watchOS before 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted package, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7038.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-2380. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word 2013 SP1, and Word 2013 RT SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted Office document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: detection rule: Detects usage of Dsacls to grant over permissive permissions
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of Dsacls to grant over permissive permissions. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potentially Over Permissive Permissions Granted Using Dsacls.EXE id: 01c42d3c-242d-4655-85b2-34f1739632f7 status: test description: Detects usage of Dsacls to grant over permissive permissions references: - https://ss64.com/nt/dsacls.html - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/cc771151(v=ws.11) author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-20 modified: 2023-02-04 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \dsacls.exe - OriginalFileName: DSACLS.EXE selection_flag: CommandLine|contains: ' /G ' selection_permissions: CommandLine|contains: - GR - GE - GW - GA - WP - WD condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrators granting over permissive permissions to users level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Adversaries can use curl to download payloads remotely and execute them. Curl is included by default in Windows 10 build. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Curl Download And Execute Combination id: 21dd6d38-2b18-4453-9404-a0fe4a0cc288 status: test description: Adversaries can use curl to download payloads remotely and execute them. Curl is included by default in Windows 10 build 17063 and later. references: - https://medium.com/@reegun/curl-exe-is-the-new-rundll32-exe-lolbin-3f79c5f35983 author: Sreeman, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-01-13 modified: 2024-03-05 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1218 - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|windash: ' -c ' CommandLine|contains|all: - 'curl ' - http - -o - '&' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high