alirezaaminzadeh/secembed-pairs huggingface dataset:
Query: how to detect Compromise Infrastructure
Matching passage: T1584 Compromise Infrastructure. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, network devices, and third-party web and DNS services. Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage. Use of compromised infrastructure allows adversaries to stage, launch, and execute operations. Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. For example, adversaries may leverage compromised infrastructure (potentially also in conjunction with [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) to further blend in and support staged information gathering and/or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) campaigns.(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) Adversaries may also compromise numerous machines to support [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) and/or proxyware services or to form a botnet.(Citation: amnesty_nso_pegasus)(Citation: Sysdig Proxyjacking) Additionally, adversaries may compromise infrastructure residing in close proximity to a target in order to gain [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) via [Wi-Fi Networks](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1669).(Citation: Nearest Neighbor Volexity) By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may enable follow-on malicious operations. Prior to targeting, adversaries may also compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)
Near-miss passage: T1584.007 Serverless. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may compromise serverless cloud infrastructure, such as Cloudflare Workers, AWS Lambda functions, or Google Apps Scripts, that can be used during targeting. By utilizing serverless infrastructure, adversaries can make it more difficult to attribute infrastructure used during operations back to them. Once compromised, the serverless runtime environment can be leveraged to either respond directly to infected machines or to [Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090) traffic to an adversary-owned command and control server.(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)(Citation: AWS Lambda Redirector)(Citation: GWS Apps Script Abuse 2021) As traffic generated by these functions will appear to come from subdomains of common cloud providers, it may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary traffic to these providers - making it easier to [Hide Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1665).(Citation: Detecting Command & Control in the Cloud)(Citation: BlackWater Malware Cloudflare Workers)
Query: CVE similar to CVE-2015-9129
Matching passage: CVE-2015-9129. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. In Android before 2018-04-05 or earlier security patch level on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9650, MSM8909W, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 808, SD 810, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, and SD 850, if the size parameter passed to TZ_PR_CMD_CONTENT_SET_PROP is small, an integer underflow occurs.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-0537. CWE: CWE-191. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer underflow in the base64-decoding implementation in EMC RSA BSAFE Micro Edition Suite (MES) 4.0.x before 4.0.8 and 4.1.x before 4.1.3, RSA BSAFE Crypto-C Micro Edition (Crypto-C ME) before 4.0.4 and 4.1, and RSA BSAFE SSL-C 2.8.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption or segmentation fault) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted base64 data, a similar issue to CVE-2015-0292.
Query: risk of The nsTransformedTextRun::SetCapitalization function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds re
Matching passage: CVE-2015-0826. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The nsTransformedTextRun::SetCapitalization function in Mozilla Firefox before 36.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read of heap memory) via a crafted Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequence that triggers a restyle or reflow operation.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8304. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.800000190734863. Integer overflow in Huawei P7 phones with software before P7-L07 V100R001C01B606 allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted application with the system or camera permission.
Query: vulnerability: Double free vulnerability in the jasper_image_stop_load function in JasPer 1.900.17 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted JPEG 2000 image file.
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5203. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 5.5. Double free vulnerability in the jasper_image_stop_load function in JasPer 1.900.17 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted JPEG 2000 image file.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-8962. CWE: CWE-415. CVSS: 7.300000190734863. Double free vulnerability in the sg_common_write function in drivers/scsi/sg.c in the Linux kernel before 4.4 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and system crash) by detaching a device during an SG_IO ioctl call.
Query: risk of Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, A
Matching passage: CVE-2015-7663. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 10.0. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.261 and 19.x before 19.0.0.245 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.548 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 19.0.0.241, Adobe AIR SDK before 19.0.0.241, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 19.0.0.241 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7651, CVE-2015-7652, CVE-2015-7653, CVE-2015-7654, CVE-2015-7655, CVE-2015-7656, CVE-2015-7657, CVE-2015-7658, CVE-2015-7660, CVE-2015-7661, CVE-2015-8042, CVE-2015-8043, CVE-2015-8044, and CVE-2015-8046.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-4797. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 3.5. Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Agile PLM component in Oracle Supply Chain Products Suite 9.3.3 allows remote authenticated users to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Security.
Query: ATT&CK technique for Code Signing Certificates
Matching passage: T1588.003 Code Signing Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is. Prior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.
Near-miss passage: T1588.004 Digital Certificates. Tactics: resource development. Description: Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. Adversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for. Certificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ) After obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.
Query: Encoded PowerShell / command-line abuse matching Outlook Rules
Matching passage: T1137.005 Outlook Rules. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook rules to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook rules allow a user to define automated behavior to manage email messages. A benign rule might, for example, automatically move an email to a particular folder in Outlook if it contains specific words from a specific sender. Malicious Outlook rules can be created that can trigger code execution when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to that user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules) Once malicious rules have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious rules will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SilentBreak Outlook Rules)
Near-miss passage: T1137.003 Outlook Forms. Tactics: persistence. Description: Adversaries may abuse Microsoft Outlook forms to obtain persistence on a compromised system. Outlook forms are used as templates for presentation and functionality in Outlook messages. Custom Outlook forms can be created that will execute code when a specifically crafted email is sent by an adversary utilizing the same custom Outlook form.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms) Once malicious forms have been added to the user’s mailbox, they will be loaded when Outlook is started. Malicious forms will execute when an adversary sends a specifically crafted email to the user.(Citation: SensePost Outlook Forms)
Query: exploit SystemUI in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY48Z and 6.0 before 2015-12-01 allows attackers to read screenshots and consequently gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6630. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 4.300000190734863. SystemUI in Android 5.x before 5.1.1 LMY48Z and 6.0 before 2015-12-01 allows attackers to read screenshots and consequently gain privileges via a crafted application, aka internal bug 19121797.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5729. CWE: CWE-200. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. The Soft Access Point (AP) feature in Samsung Smart TVs X10P, X12, X14H, X14J, and NT14U and Xpress M288OFW printers generate weak WPA2 PSK keys, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information or bypass authentication via a brute-force attack.
Query: exploit Integer overflow in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) before 2.23 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbit
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8778. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.800000190734863. Integer overflow in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) before 2.23 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via the size argument to the __hcreate_r function, which triggers out-of-bounds heap-memory access.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-1682. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 9.300000190734863. Microsoft Office 2010 SP2, Excel 2010 SP2, PowerPoint 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Office 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 SP1, PowerPoint 2013 SP1, Word 2013 SP1, Office 2013 RT SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, PowerPoint 2013 RT SP1, Word 2013 RT SP1, Office for Mac 2011, Excel for Mac 2011, PowerPoint for Mac 2011, Word for Mac 2011, PowerPoint Viewer, Word Automation Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2 and 2013 SP1, Excel Services on SharePoint Server 2010 SP2 and 2013 SP1, Office Web Apps 2010 SP2, Excel Web App 2010 SP2, Office Web Apps Server 2013 SP1, SharePoint Foundation 2010 SP2, and SharePoint Server 2013 SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
Query: detection rule: Detects execution of renamed version of PAExec. Often used by attackers
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of renamed version of PAExec. Often used by attackers. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed PAExec Execution id: c4e49831-1496-40cf-8ce1-b53f942b02f9 related: - id: 7b0666ad-3e38-4e3d-9bab-78b06de85f7b type: obsolete status: test description: Detects execution of renamed version of PAExec. Often used by attackers references: - https://www.poweradmin.com/paexec/ - https://summit.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/summit/cds-2018/presentations/cds18-technical-s05-att&cking-fin7.pdf author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Jason Lynch date: 2021-05-22 modified: 2024-11-23 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Description: PAExec Application - OriginalFileName: PAExec.exe - Product|contains: PAExec - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=11D40A7B7876288F919AB819CC2D9802 - IMPHASH=6444f8a34e99b8f7d9647de66aabe516 - IMPHASH=dfd6aa3f7b2b1035b76b718f1ddc689f - IMPHASH=1a6cca4d5460b1710a12dea39e4a592c filter_main_known_location: - Image|endswith: \paexec.exe - Image|startswith: C:\Windows\PAExec- condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Weird admins that rename their tools - Software companies that bundle PAExec with their software and rename it, so that it is less embarrassing - When executed with the "-s" flag. PAExec will copy itself to the "C:\Windows\" directory with a different name. Usually like this "PAExec-[XXXXX]-[ComputerName]" level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects instances where a GIT service on an OpenCanary node has had Git Clone request.. Logsource: opencanary / application. Rule: title: OpenCanary - GIT Clone Request id: 4fe17521-aef3-4e6a-9d6b-4a7c8de155a8 status: test description: Detects instances where a GIT service on an OpenCanary node has had Git Clone request. references: - https://opencanary.readthedocs.io/en/latest/starting/configuration.html#services-configuration - https://github.com/thinkst/opencanary/blob/a0896adfcaf0328cfd5829fe10d2878c7445138e/opencanary/logger.py#L52 author: Security Onion Solutions date: 2024-03-08 tags: - attack.collection - attack.t1213 logsource: category: application product: opencanary detection: selection: logtype: 16001 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Query: exploit Open redirect vulnerability in Ellucian (formerly SunGard) Banner Student 8.5.1.2 through 8.7 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing 
Matching passage: CVE-2015-5054. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Open redirect vulnerability in Ellucian (formerly SunGard) Banner Student 8.5.1.2 through 8.7 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in an unspecified parameter.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-3898. CWE: CWE-601. CVSS: 6.099999904632568. Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in Bonita BPM Portal before 6.5.3 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via vectors involving the redirectUrl parameter to (1) bonita/login.jsp or (2) bonita/loginservice.
Query: risk of libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka inter
Matching passage: CVE-2015-6601. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 10.0. libstagefright in Android before 5.1.1 LMY48T allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted media file, aka internal bug 22935234.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-5830. CWE: CWE-119. CVSS: 7.199999809265137. The Intel Graphics Driver component in Apple OS X before 10.11 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-5877.
Query: patch priority for CVE-2015-8650
Matching passage: CVE-2015-8650. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 8.800000190734863. Use-after-free vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.324 and 19.x and 20.x before 20.0.0.267 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.559 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 20.0.0.233, Adobe AIR SDK before 20.0.0.233, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 20.0.0.233 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-8634, CVE-2015-8635, CVE-2015-8638, CVE-2015-8639, CVE-2015-8640, CVE-2015-8641, CVE-2015-8642, CVE-2015-8643, CVE-2015-8646, CVE-2015-8647, CVE-2015-8648, and CVE-2015-8649.
Near-miss passage: CVE-2015-6721. CWE: UNKNOWN. CVSS: 6.800000190734863. The CBSharedReviewSecurityDialog method in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.16 and 11.x before 11.0.13, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30094, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.009.20069 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to bypass JavaScript API execution restrictions via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-6707, CVE-2015-6708, CVE-2015-6709, CVE-2015-6710, CVE-2015-6711, CVE-2015-6712, CVE-2015-6713, CVE-2015-6714, CVE-2015-6715, CVE-2015-6716, CVE-2015-6717, CVE-2015-6718, CVE-2015-6719, CVE-2015-6720, CVE-2015-6722, CVE-2015-6723, CVE-2015-6724, CVE-2015-6725, CVE-2015-7614, CVE-2015-7616, CVE-2015-7618, CVE-2015-7619, CVE-2015-7620, and CVE-2015-7623.
Query: write Sigma for Loading unsigned image (DLL, EXE) into LSASS process
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Loading unsigned image (DLL, EXE) into LSASS process. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Unsigned Image Loaded Into LSASS Process id: 857c8db3-c89b-42fb-882b-f681c7cf4da2 status: test description: Loading unsigned image (DLL, EXE) into LSASS process references: - https://www.slideshare.net/heirhabarov/hunting-for-credentials-dumping-in-windows-environment author: Teymur Kheirkhabarov, oscd.community date: 2019-10-22 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1003.001 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \lsass.exe Signed: 'false' condition: selection falsepositives: - Valid user connecting using RDP level: medium
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects usage of the "systeminfo" command to retrieve information. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Execution of Systeminfo id: 0ef56343-059e-4cb6-adc1-4c3c967c5e46 status: test description: Detects usage of the "systeminfo" command to retrieve information references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1082/T1082.md#atomic-test-1---system-information-discovery - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/systeminfo author: frack113 date: 2022-01-01 modified: 2022-07-14 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1082 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \systeminfo.exe - OriginalFileName: sysinfo.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Query: write Sigma for Detects potential execution of the SquiblyTwo technique that leverages Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execu
Matching passage: Sigma rule: Detects potential execution of the SquiblyTwo technique that leverages Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execu. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Remote SquiblyTwo Technique Execution id: 8d63dadf-b91b-4187-87b6-34a1114577ea related: - id: 06ce37c2-61ab-4f05-9ff5-b1a96d18ae32 type: similar - id: 05c36dd6-79d6-4a9a-97da-3db20298ab2d type: similar status: test description: 'Detects potential execution of the SquiblyTwo technique that leverages Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious code remotely. This technique bypasses application whitelisting by using wmic.exe to process malicious XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) scripts that can contain embedded JScript or VBScript. The attack typically works by fetching XSL content from a remote source (using HTTP/HTTPS) and executing it with full trust privileges directly in memory, avoiding disk-based detection mechanisms. This is a common LOLBin (Living Off The Land Binary) technique used for defense evasion and code execution. ' references: - https://web.archive.org/web/20190209154607/https://subt0x11.blogspot.com/2018/04/wmicexe-whitelisting-bypass-hacking.html - https://twitter.com/mattifestation/status/986280382042595328 - https://atomicredteam.io/defense-evasion/T1220/ - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wmic/ - https://x.com/byrne_emmy12099/status/1932346420226658668 author: Markus Neis, Florian Roth, Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2019-01-16 modified: 2026-01-24 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1047 - attack.t1220 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1059.007 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_pe: - Image|endswith: \wmic.exe - OriginalFileName: wmic.exe - Hashes|contains: - IMPHASH=1B1A3F43BF37B5BFE60751F2EE2F326E - IMPHASH=37777A96245A3C74EB217308F3546F4C - IMPHASH=9D87C9D67CE724033C0B40CC4CA1B206 - IMPHASH=B12619881D79C3ACADF45E752A58554A - IMPHASH=16A48C3CABF98A9DC1BF02C07FE1EA00 selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: '/format:' CommandLine|contains: - :// - \\\\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Near-miss passage: Sigma rule: Detects execution of the Windows Kernel Debugger "kd.exe".. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Windows Kernel Debugger Execution id: 27ee9438-90dc-4bef-904b-d3ef927f5e7e status: test description: Detects execution of the Windows Kernel Debugger "kd.exe". references: - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-15 modified: 2024-04-24 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.stealth logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \kd.exe - OriginalFileName: kd.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Rare occasions of legitimate cases where kernel debugging is necessary in production. Investigation is required level: medium