alirezaaminzadeh/cybersec-retrieval-benchmark huggingface dataset:
Sigma rule: Detects possible addition of shadow credentials to an active directory object.. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Possible Shadow Credentials Added id: f598ea0c-c25a-4f72-a219-50c44411c791 status: test description: Detects possible addition of shadow credentials to an active directory object. references: - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/security/8.4/potential-shadow-credentials-added-to-ad-object.html - https://cyberstoph.org/posts/2022/03/detecting-shadow-credentials/ - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1581300963650187264? author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Elastic (idea) date: 2022-10-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556 logsource: product: windows service: security definition: The "Audit Directory Service Changes" logging policy must be configured in order to receive events. Audit events are generated only for objects with configured system access control lists (SACLs). Audit events are generated only for objects with configured system access control lists (SACLs) and only when accessed in a manner that matches their SACL settings. This policy covers the following events ids - 5136, 5137, 5138, 5139, 5141. Note that the default policy does not cover User objects. For that a custom AuditRule need to be setup (See https://github.com/OTRF/Set-AuditRule) detection: selection: EventID: 5136 AttributeLDAPDisplayName: msDS-KeyCredentialLink condition: selection falsepositives: - Modifications in the msDS-KeyCredentialLink attribute can be done legitimately by the Azure AD Connect synchronization account or the ADFS service account. These accounts can be added as Exceptions. (From elastic FP section) level: high
Sigma rule: Detects WMI command line event consumers. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: WMI Persistence - Command Line Event Consumer id: 05936ce2-ee05-4dae-9d03-9a391cf2d2c6 status: test description: Detects WMI command line event consumers references: - https://www.eideon.com/2018-03-02-THL03-WMIBackdoors/ author: Thomas Patzke date: 2018-03-07 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1546.003 - attack.persistence logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image: C:\Windows\System32\wbem\WmiPrvSE.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: \wbemcons.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown (data set is too small; further testing needed) level: high
Sigma rule: Alerts on trust record modification within the registry, indicating usage of macros. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Windows Registry Trust Record Modification id: 295a59c1-7b79-4b47-a930-df12c15fc9c2 related: - id: a166f74e-bf44-409d-b9ba-ea4b2dd8b3cd type: similar status: test description: Alerts on trust record modification within the registry, indicating usage of macros references: - https://outflank.nl/blog/2018/01/16/hunting-for-evil-detect-macros-being-executed/ - http://az4n6.blogspot.com/2016/02/more-on-trust-records-macros-and.html - https://twitter.com/inversecos/status/1494174785621819397 author: Antonlovesdnb, Trent Liffick (@tliffick) date: 2020-02-19 modified: 2023-06-21 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1566.001 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Security\Trusted Documents\TrustRecords condition: selection falsepositives: - This will alert on legitimate macro usage as well, additional tuning is required level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects an attacker trying to enable the outlook security setting "EnableUnsafeClientMailRules" which allows outlook to. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Outlook EnableUnsafeClientMailRules Setting Enabled id: 55f0a3a1-846e-40eb-8273-677371b8d912 related: - id: 6763c6c8-bd01-4687-bc8d-4fa52cf8ba08 type: similar status: test description: Detects an attacker trying to enable the outlook security setting "EnableUnsafeClientMailRules" which allows outlook to run applications or execute macros references: - https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/12/overruled-containing-a-potentially-destructive-adversary.html - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-persistence-via-microsoft-exchange-server-or-outlook?slide=44 - https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/how-to-control-the-rule-actions-to-start-an-application-or-run-a-macro-in-outlook-2016-and-outlook-2013-e4964b72-173c-959d-5d7b-ead562979048 author: Markus Neis, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2018-12-27 modified: 2023-02-09 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059 - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains: \Outlook\Security\EnableUnsafeClientMailRules condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Detects common commands used in Windows webshells. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Windows Webshell Strings id: 7ff9db12-1b94-4a79-ba68-a2402c5d6729 status: test description: Detects common commands used in Windows webshells references: - https://bad-jubies.github.io/RCE-NOW-WHAT/ - https://m365internals.com/2022/10/07/hunting-in-on-premises-exchange-server-logs/ author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2022-11-18 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1505.003 logsource: category: webserver detection: selection_method: cs-method: GET selection_keywords: - =whoami - =net%20user - =net+user - =net%2Buser - =cmd%20/c% - =cmd+/c+ - =cmd%2B/c% - =cmd%20/r% - =cmd+/r+ - =cmd%2B/r% - =cmd%20/k% - =cmd+/k+ - =cmd%2B/k% - =powershell% - =powershell+ - =tasklist% - =tasklist+ - =wmic% - =wmic+ - =ssh% - =ssh+ - =python% - =python+ - =python3% - =python3+ - =ipconfig - =wget% - =wget+ - =curl% - =curl+ - =certutil - =copy%20%5C%5C - =dsquery% - =dsquery+ - =nltest% - =nltest+ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Web sites like wikis with articles on os commands and pages that include the os commands in the URLs - User searches in search boxes of the respective website level: high
Sigma rule: Detects usage of the "dir" command part of Windows CMD with the "/S" command line flag in order to enumerate files in a. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: File And SubFolder Enumeration Via Dir Command id: 7c9340a9-e2ee-4e43-94c5-c54ebbea1006 status: test description: 'Detects usage of the "dir" command part of Windows CMD with the "/S" command line flag in order to enumerate files in a specified directory and all subdirectories. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1217/T1217.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-13 modified: 2026-05-18 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1217 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_cmd: - Image|endswith: \cmd.exe - OriginalFileName: Cmd.Exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|windash: -s CommandLine|contains: 'dir ' filter_main_rmdir: CommandLine|contains: rmdir condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Likely level: low regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_cmd_dir_execution/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: List Internet Explorer Bookmarks using the command prompt technique: T1217 atomic_guid: 727dbcdb-e495-4ab1-a6c4-80c7f77aef85
Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries to well-known out-of-band application security testing (OAST) and callback domains. These services (. Logsource: dns. Rule: title: DNS Query to External Service Interaction Domains id: aff715fa-4dd5-497a-8db3-910bea555566 status: test description: "Detects DNS queries to well-known out-of-band application security testing (OAST) and callback domains.\nThese\ \ services (e.g. Burp Collaborator, interactsh, canarytokens, dnslog.cn) are used by security\nresearchers and attackers\ \ alike to confirm blind vulnerabilities such as SSRF, XXE, blind RCE, and\nLog4Shell-style injections, where the exploit\ \ payload triggers an external DNS lookup to a controlled domain.\n\nA detection indicates that a host on your network resolved\ \ one of these domains, which may mean:\n (1) an attacker is actively probing or exploiting a vulnerable service and\ \ using the callback to\n confirm code execution or data exfiltration,\n (2) a security scanner (e.g. Nuclei, Gobies)\ \ is running against internal targets.\n\nInvestigate the source host, the full DNS query string (the unique subdomain prefix\ \ encodes the callback session),\nand any concurrent outbound connections or process activity to determine intent.\n" references: - https://twitter.com/breakersall/status/1533493587828260866 - https://www.bitdefender.com/en-us/blog/businessinsights/bitdefender-advisory-critical-unauthenticated-rce-windows-server-update-services-cve-2025-59287 - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/pull/5724#issuecomment-3466382234 - https://hunt.io/blog/open-directory-nginx-rift-ghost-cms-multi-cve author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Matt Kelly (list of domains) date: 2022-06-07 modified: 2026-07-23 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 - attack.reconnaissance - attack.t1595.002 logsource: category: dns detection: selection: query|endswith: - .burpcollaborator.net - .canarytokens.com - .ceye.io - .ddns.1443.eu.org - .ddns.bypass.eu.org - .ddns.xn--gg8h.eu.org - .digimg.store - .dns.su18.org - .dnshook.site - .dnslog.cn - .dnslog.ink - .gobygo.net - .instances.httpworkbench.com - .interact.sh - .log.dnslog.pp.ua - .log.dnslog.qzz.io - .log.dnslogs.dpdns.org - .log.javaweb.org - .log.nat.cloudns.ph - .oast.fun - .oast.live - .oast.me - .oast.online - .oast.pro - .oast.site - .oastify.com - .p8.lol - .requestbin.net filter_main_polling: query|contains: polling.oastify.com condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Legitimate security scanning. level: high
Sigma rule: Generic rule for SQL exceptions in Python according to PEP 249. Logsource: python / application. Rule: title: Python SQL Exceptions id: 19aefed0-ffd4-47dc-a7fc-f8b1425e84f9 status: stable description: Generic rule for SQL exceptions in Python according to PEP 249 references: - https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/#exceptions author: Thomas Patzke date: 2017-08-12 modified: 2020-09-01 tags: - attack.initial-access - attack.t1190 logsource: category: application product: python detection: keywords: - DataError - IntegrityError - ProgrammingError - OperationalError condition: keywords falsepositives: - Application bugs level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects usage of the "Import-Module" cmdlet to load the "Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.dl" DLL. Which is often us. Logsource: windows / ps_module. Rule: title: Potential Active Directory Enumeration Using AD Module - PsModule id: 74176142-4684-4d8a-8b0a-713257e7df8e related: - id: 70bc5215-526f-4477-963c-a47a5c9ebd12 type: similar - id: 9e620995-f2d8-4630-8430-4afd89f77604 type: similar status: test description: Detects usage of the "Import-Module" cmdlet to load the "Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.dl" DLL. Which is often used by attackers to perform AD enumeration. references: - https://github.com/samratashok/ADModule - https://twitter.com/cyb3rops/status/1617108657166061568?s=20 - https://www.ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/active-directory-enumeration-with-ad-module-without-rsat-or-admin-privileges author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), frack113 date: 2023-01-22 tags: - attack.reconnaissance - attack.discovery - attack.impact logsource: product: windows category: ps_module definition: 0ad03ef1-f21b-4a79-8ce8-e6900c54b65b detection: selection_cmdlet: Payload|contains: - 'Import-Module ' - 'ipmo ' selection_dll: Payload|contains: Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.dll condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the library for administrative activity level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects PowerShell called from an executable by the version mismatch method. Logsource: windows / ps_classic_start. Rule: title: PowerShell Called from an Executable Version Mismatch id: c70e019b-1479-4b65-b0cc-cd0c6093a599 status: test description: Detects PowerShell called from an executable by the version mismatch method references: - https://adsecurity.org/?p=2921 author: Sean Metcalf (source), Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-03-05 modified: 2023-10-27 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_classic_start detection: selection_engine: Data|contains: - EngineVersion=2. - EngineVersion=4. - EngineVersion=5. selection_host: Data|contains: HostVersion=3. condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Identifies IPs performing DNS lookups associated with common Tor proxies.. Logsource: zeek / dns. Rule: title: DNS TOR Proxies id: a8322756-015c-42e7-afb1-436e85ed3ff5 related: - id: b55ca2a3-7cff-4dda-8bdd-c7bfa63bf544 type: similar - id: 8384bd26-bde6-4da9-8e5d-4174a7a47ca2 type: similar status: test description: Identifies IPs performing DNS lookups associated with common Tor proxies. references: - https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/f99542b94afe0ad2f19a82cc08262e7ac8e1428e/Detections/ASimDNS/imDNS_TorProxies.yaml author: Saw Winn Naung , Azure-Sentinel date: 2021-08-15 modified: 2025-09-12 tags: - attack.exfiltration - attack.t1048 logsource: service: dns product: zeek detection: selection: query|endswith: - .hiddenservice.net - .onion.ca - .onion.cab - .onion.casa - .onion.city - .onion.direct - .onion.dog - .onion.glass - .onion.gq - .onion.guide - .onion.in.net - .onion.ink - .onion.it - .onion.link - .onion.lt - .onion.lu - .onion.ly - .onion.mn - .onion.network - .onion.nu - .onion.pet - .onion.plus - .onion.pt - .onion.pw - .onion.rip - .onion.sh - .onion.si - .onion.to - .onion.top - .onion.ws - .onion - .s1.tor-gateways.de - .s2.tor-gateways.de - .s3.tor-gateways.de - .s4.tor-gateways.de - .s5.tor-gateways.de - .t2w.pw - .tor2web.ae.org - .tor2web.blutmagie.de - .tor2web.com - .tor2web.fi - .tor2web.io - .tor2web.org - .tor2web.xyz - .torlink.co condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Account Tampering - Suspicious Failed Logon Reasons id: 9eb99343-d336-4020-a3cd-67f3819e68ee status: test description: This method uses uncommon error codes on failed logons to determine suspicious activity and tampering with accounts that have been disabled or somehow restricted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-10/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4625 - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1101431884540710913 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-02-19 modified: 2025-10-17 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection_eid: EventID: - 4625 - 4776 selection_status: - Status: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' - SubStatus: - '0xC0000072' - '0xC000006F' - '0xC0000070' - '0xC0000413' - '0xC000018C' - '0xC000015B' filter: SubjectUserSid: S-1-0-0 condition: all of selection_* and not filter falsepositives: - User using a disabled account level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry.. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: System Scripts Autorun Keys Modification id: e7a2fd40-3ae1-4a85-bf80-15cf624fb1b1 related: - id: 17f878b8-9968-4578-b814-c4217fc5768c type: obsolete status: test description: Detects modification of autostart extensibility point (ASEP) in registry. references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/autoruns - https://gist.github.com/GlebSukhodolskiy/0fc5fa5f482903064b448890db1eaf9d author: Victor Sergeev, Daniil Yugoslavskiy, Gleb Sukhodolskiy, Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community, Tim Shelton, frack113 (split) date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.001 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: scripts_base: TargetObject|contains: \Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\System\Scripts scripts: TargetObject|contains: - \Startup - \Shutdown - \Logon - \Logoff filter: Details: (Empty) condition: scripts_base and scripts and not filter falsepositives: - Legitimate software automatically (mostly, during installation) sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason - Legitimate administrator sets up autorun keys for legitimate reason level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects blocked image load events with revoked certificates by code integrity.. Logsource: windows / codeintegrity-operational. Rule: title: CodeIntegrity - Blocked Image Load With Revoked Certificate id: 6f156c48-3894-4952-baf0-16193e9067d2 status: test description: Detects blocked image load events with revoked certificates by code integrity. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-id-explanations - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/windows-defender-application-control/operations/event-tag-explanations - Internal Research author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-06-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation logsource: product: windows service: codeintegrity-operational detection: selection: EventID: 3036 condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Sigma rule: Detects sign-ins from new countries. The detection considers past activity locations to determine new and infrequent loc. Logsource: azure / riskdetection. Rule: title: New Country id: adf9f4d2-559e-4f5c-95be-c28dff0b1476 status: test description: Detects sign-ins from new countries. The detection considers past activity locations to determine new and infrequent locations. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/id-protection/concept-identity-protection-risks#new-country - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts#unusual-sign-ins author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Gloria Lee, '@gleeiamglo' date: 2023-09-03 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1078 - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.initial-access logsource: product: azure service: riskdetection detection: selection: riskEventType: newCountry condition: selection falsepositives: - We recommend investigating the sessions flagged by this detection in the context of other sign-ins from the user. level: high
Sigma rule: Detects the use of grep to identify information about the operating system architecture. Often combined beforehand with. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: OS Architecture Discovery Via Grep id: d27ab432-2199-483f-a297-03633c05bae6 status: test description: 'Detects the use of grep to identify information about the operating system architecture. Often combined beforehand with the execution of "uname" or "cat /proc/cpuinfo" ' references: - https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/en/2023/05/gobrat.html - https://jstnk9.github.io/jstnk9/research/GobRAT-Malware/ - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/60bcd645450e4c846238cf0e7226dc40c84c96eba99f6b2cffcd0ab4a391c8b3/detection - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/3e44c807a25a56f4068b5b8186eee5002eed6f26d665a8b791c472ad154585d1/detection author: Joseliyo Sanchez, @Joseliyo_Jstnk date: 2023-06-02 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1082 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection_process: Image|endswith: /grep selection_architecture: CommandLine|endswith: - aarch64 - arm - i386 - i686 - mips - x86_64 condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Sigma rule: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "vm" and "kill" flag in order to kill/shutdown a specific VM.. Logsource: linux / process_creation. Rule: title: ESXi VM Kill Via ESXCLI id: 2992ac4d-31e9-4325-99f2-b18a73221bb2 status: test description: Detects execution of the "esxcli" command with the "vm" and "kill" flag in order to kill/shutdown a specific VM. references: - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/hypervisor-jackpotting-ecrime-actors-increase-targeting-of-esxi-servers/ - https://developer.broadcom.com/xapis/esxcli-command-reference/7.0.0/namespace/esxcli_vm.html - https://www.secuinfra.com/en/techtalk/hide-your-hypervisor-analysis-of-esxiargs-ransomware/ - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/e/new-linux-based-ransomware-cheerscrypt-targets-exsi-devices.html author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Cedric Maurugeon date: 2023-09-04 tags: - attack.execution - attack.impact - attack.t1059.012 - attack.t1529 logsource: category: process_creation product: linux detection: selection: Image|endswith: /esxcli CommandLine|contains|all: - vm process - kill condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration activities level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects usage of SoftPerfect's "netscan.exe". An application for scanning networks. It is actively used in-the-wild by t. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: PUA - SoftPerfect Netscan Execution id: ca387a8e-1c84-4da3-9993-028b45342d30 status: test description: 'Detects usage of SoftPerfect''s "netscan.exe". An application for scanning networks. It is actively used in-the-wild by threat actors to inspect and understand the network architecture of a victim. ' references: - https://www.protect.airbus.com/blog/uncovering-cyber-intruders-netscan/ - https://secjoes-reports.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/Sockbot%2Bin%2BGoLand.pdf - https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/black-basta-ransomware-attacks-deploy-custom-edr-evasion-tools-tied-to-fin7-threat-actor/ - https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/yanluowang-ransomware-attacks-continue - https://research.nccgroup.com/2022/07/13/climbing-mount-everest-black-byte-bytes-back/ - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-exchange-servers-hacked-to-deploy-hive-ransomware/ - https://www.softperfect.com/products/networkscanner/ author: '@d4ns4n_ (Wuerth-Phoenix)' date: 2024-04-25 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1046 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: - Image|endswith: \netscan.exe - Product: Network Scanner - Description: Application for scanning networks condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administrator activity level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects the creation of an administrator account on a Fortinet FortiGate Firewall.. Logsource: fortigate / event. Rule: title: FortiGate - New Administrator Account Created id: cd0a4943-0edd-42cf-b50c-06f77a10d4c1 status: experimental description: Detects the creation of an administrator account on a Fortinet FortiGate Firewall. references: - https://www.fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/fortios-log-message-reference/398/event - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/cli-reference/390485493/config-system-admin - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/fortios-log-message-reference/44547/44547-logid-event-config-objattr author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) (InTheCyber) date: 2025-11-01 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.t1136.001 logsource: product: fortigate service: event detection: selection: action: Add cfgpath: system.admin condition: selection falsepositives: - An administrator account can be created for legitimate purposes. Investigate the account details to determine if it is authorized. level: medium