alirezaaminzadeh/cybersec-retrieval-benchmark huggingface dataset:
Sigma rule: Detects the addition of a SSP to the registry. Upon a reboot or API call, SSP DLLs gain access to encrypted and plaintex. Logsource: windows / registry_event. Rule: title: Security Support Provider (SSP) Added to LSA Configuration id: eeb30123-9fbd-4ee8-aaa0-2e545bbed6dc status: test description: 'Detects the addition of a SSP to the registry. Upon a reboot or API call, SSP DLLs gain access to encrypted and plaintext passwords stored in Windows. ' references: - https://powersploit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Persistence/Install-SSP/ - https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/08cbd274bef78243d7a8ed6443b8364acd1fc48b/data/module_source/persistence/Install-SSP.ps1#L157 author: iwillkeepwatch date: 2019-01-18 modified: 2026-03-30 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.005 logsource: category: registry_event product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|endswith: - \Control\Lsa\Security Packages - \Control\Lsa\OSConfig\Security Packages filter_main_msiexec: Image: - C:\Windows\system32\msiexec.exe - C:\Windows\syswow64\MsiExec.exe filter_main_image_null: Image: null condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via COMPRESS OBFUSCATION. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Invoke-Obfuscation COMPRESS OBFUSCATION id: 7eedcc9d-9fdb-4d94-9c54-474e8affc0c7 status: test description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via COMPRESS OBFUSCATION references: - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009 author: Timur Zinniatullin, oscd.community date: 2020-10-18 modified: 2022-12-29 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - new-object - text.encoding]::ascii CommandLine|contains: - system.io.compression.deflatestream - system.io.streamreader - readtoend( condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects newly added root certificate authority to an AzureAD tenant to support certificate based authentication.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: New Root Certificate Authority Added id: 4bb80281-3756-4ec8-a88e-523c5a6fda9e status: test description: Detects newly added root certificate authority to an AzureAD tenant to support certificate based authentication. references: - https://posts.specterops.io/passwordless-persistence-and-privilege-escalation-in-azure-98a01310be3f - https://goodworkaround.com/2022/02/15/digging-into-azure-ad-certificate-based-authentication/ author: Harjot Shah Singh, '@cyb3rjy0t' date: 2024-03-26 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: OperationName: Set Company Information TargetResources.modifiedProperties.newValue|contains: TrustedCAsForPasswordlessAuth condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects inline execution of PowerShell code from a file. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Powershell Inline Execution From A File id: ee218c12-627a-4d27-9e30-d6fb2fe22ed2 status: test description: Detects inline execution of PowerShell code from a file references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse?slide=50 author: frack113 date: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_exec: CommandLine|contains: - 'iex ' - 'Invoke-Expression ' - 'Invoke-Command ' - 'icm ' selection_read: CommandLine|contains: - 'cat ' - 'get-content ' - 'type ' selection_raw: CommandLine|contains: ' -raw' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects the extraction of password protected ZIP archives with suspicious file names. See the filename variable for more. Logsource: windows / security. Rule: title: Password Protected ZIP File Opened (Suspicious Filenames) id: 54f0434b-726f-48a1-b2aa-067df14516e4 status: test description: Detects the extraction of password protected ZIP archives with suspicious file names. See the filename variable for more details on which file has been opened. references: - https://twitter.com/sbousseaden/status/1523383197513379841 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-05-09 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.stealth - attack.t1027 - attack.t1105 - attack.t1036 logsource: product: windows service: security detection: selection: EventID: 5379 TargetName|contains: Microsoft_Windows_Shell_ZipFolder:filename selection_filename: TargetName|contains: - invoice - new order - rechnung - factura - delivery - purchase - order - payment condition: selection and selection_filename falsepositives: - Legitimate used of encrypted ZIP files level: high
Sigma rule: Detects when an application exports a certificate (and potentially the private key as well) from the local Windows certi. Logsource: windows / certificateservicesclient-lifecycle-system. Rule: title: Certificate Exported From Local Certificate Store id: 58c0bff0-40a0-46e8-b5e8-b734b84d2017 status: test description: Detects when an application exports a certificate (and potentially the private key as well) from the local Windows certificate store. references: - https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/breaking-the-chain-defending-against-certificate-services-abuse.html author: Zach Mathis date: 2023-05-13 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1649 logsource: product: windows service: certificateservicesclient-lifecycle-system detection: selection: EventID: 1007 condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate application requesting certificate exports will trigger this. Apply additional filters as needed level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects the installation and configuration of PowerShell Web Access, which could be used for remote access and potential. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: PowerShell Web Access Installation - PsScript id: 5f9c7f1a-7c21-4c39-b2f3-8d8006e0e51f status: test description: Detects the installation and configuration of PowerShell Web Access, which could be used for remote access and potential abuse references: - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/powershellwebaccess/install-pswawebapplication - https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa24-241a - https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/7e67b659af9148fa593cf2402edebb41 author: Michael Haag date: 2024-09-03 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_install: ScriptBlockText|contains: Install-WindowsFeature WindowsPowerShellWebAccess selection_config: ScriptBlockText|contains: Install-PswaWebApplication selection_auth: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - Add-PswaAuthorizationRule - -UserName * - -ComputerName * condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate PowerShell Web Access installations by administrators level: high
Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries to an ".onion" address related to Tor routing networks. Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS Query Tor .Onion Address - Sysmon id: b55ca2a3-7cff-4dda-8bdd-c7bfa63bf544 related: - id: 8384bd26-bde6-4da9-8e5d-4174a7a47ca2 type: similar - id: a8322756-015c-42e7-afb1-436e85ed3ff5 type: similar status: test description: Detects DNS queries to an ".onion" address related to Tor routing networks references: - https://www.logpoint.com/en/blog/detecting-tor-use-with-logpoint/ - https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/f99542b94afe0ad2f19a82cc08262e7ac8e1428e/Detections/ASimDNS/imDNS_TorProxies.yaml author: frack113 date: 2022-02-20 modified: 2025-09-12 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1090.003 logsource: product: windows category: dns_query detection: selection: QueryName|endswith: - .hiddenservice.net - .onion.ca - .onion.cab - .onion.casa - .onion.city - .onion.direct - .onion.dog - .onion.glass - .onion.gq - .onion.ink - .onion.it - .onion.link - .onion.lt - .onion.lu - .onion.nu - .onion.pet - .onion.plus - .onion.rip - .onion.sh - .onion.to - .onion.top - .onion - .s1.tor-gateways.de - .s2.tor-gateways.de - .s3.tor-gateways.de - .s4.tor-gateways.de - .s5.tor-gateways.de - .t2w.pw - .tor2web.ae.org - .tor2web.blutmagie.de - .tor2web.com - .tor2web.fi - .tor2web.io - .tor2web.org - .tor2web.xyz - .torlink.co condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings of systems they access or through informat. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Firewall Configuration Discovery Via Netsh.EXE id: 0e4164da-94bc-450d-a7be-a4b176179f1f status: test description: Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings of systems they access or through information discovery of remote systems references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1016/T1016.md#atomic-test-2---list-windows-firewall-rules - https://ss64.com/nt/netsh.html author: frack113, Christopher Peacock '@securepeacock', SCYTHE '@scythe_io' date: 2021-12-07 modified: 2025-10-18 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1016 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \netsh.exe - OriginalFileName: netsh.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - netsh - 'show ' - 'firewall ' CommandLine|contains: - 'config ' - 'state ' - 'rule ' - name=all condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Administrative activity level: low
Sigma rule: Detects usage of WinAPI functions in PowerShell scripts. It may indicate attempts to perform actions such as process inj. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: Potential WinAPI Calls Via PowerShell Scripts id: 03d83090-8cba-44a0-b02f-0b756a050306 related: - id: ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702 type: similar status: test description: 'Detects usage of WinAPI functions in PowerShell scripts. It may indicate attempts to perform actions such as process injection, token stealing, or other malicious activities that leverage Windows API calls. These techniques are commonly used to evade traditional file-based detections by loading and executing code directly in memory. ' references: - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse - https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/1980f403ee78234eae4d93b50890d02f827a099f/CodeExecution/Invoke-Shellcode.ps1 - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/29/cobalt-strike-a-defenders-guide/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community date: 2020-10-06 modified: 2026-04-29 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 - attack.t1106 - attack.stealth - attack.t1620 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: selection_injection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - VirtualAlloc - OpenProcess - WriteProcessMemory - CreateRemoteThread selection_token_steal: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - OpenProcessToken - LookupPrivilegeValue - AdjustTokenPrivileges selection_duplicate_token: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - OpenProcessToken - DuplicateTokenEx - CloseHandle selection_process_write_read: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - WriteProcessMemory - VirtualAlloc - ReadProcessMemory - VirtualFree selection_local_shellcode_injection: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - VirtualAlloc - GetDelegateForFunctionPointer - Marshal.Copy condition: 1 of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Detects the modification of VPN SSL Settings (for example, the modification of authentication rules). This behavior was. Logsource: fortigate / event. Rule: title: FortiGate - VPN SSL Settings Modified id: 8b5dacf2-aeb7-459d-b133-678eb696d410 status: experimental description: 'Detects the modification of VPN SSL Settings (for example, the modification of authentication rules). This behavior was observed in pair with the addition of a VPN SSL Web Portal. ' references: - https://www.fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/fortios-log-message-reference/398/event - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/cli-reference/114404382/config-vpn-ssl-settings - https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.6.4/fortios-log-message-reference/44546/44546-logid-event-config-attr author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) (InTheCyber) date: 2025-11-01 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.t1133 logsource: product: fortigate service: event detection: selection: action: Edit cfgpath: vpn.ssl.settings condition: selection falsepositives: - VPN SSL settings can be changed for legitimate purposes. level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects important or interesting Windows services that got terminated for whatever reason. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Important Windows Service Terminated With Error id: d6b5520d-3934-48b4-928c-2aa3f92d6963 related: - id: acfa2210-0d71-4eeb-b477-afab494d596c type: similar status: test description: Detects important or interesting Windows services that got terminated for whatever reason references: - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2023/04/11/guidance-for-investigating-attacks-using-cve-2022-21894-the-blacklotus-campaign/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-04-14 tags: - attack.stealth logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_eid: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7023 selection_name: - param1|contains: - ' Antivirus' - ' Firewall' - Application Guard - BitLocker Drive Encryption Service - Encrypting File System - Microsoft Defender - Threat Protection - Windows Event Log - Binary|contains: - 770069006e0064006500660065006e006400 - 4500760065006e0074004c006f006700 - 6d0070007300730076006300 - 530065006e0073006500 - '450046005300' - '420044004500530056004300' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Rare false positives could occur since service termination could happen due to multiple reasons level: high
Sigma rule: This rule detects a suspicious crash of the Microsoft Malware Protection Engine. Logsource: windows / application. Rule: title: Microsoft Malware Protection Engine Crash - WER id: 6c82cf5c-090d-4d57-9188-533577631108 status: test description: This rule detects a suspicious crash of the Microsoft Malware Protection Engine references: - https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1252&desc=5 - https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/4022344 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2017-05-09 modified: 2023-04-14 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1211 - attack.t1685 logsource: product: windows service: application detection: selection: Provider_Name: Windows Error Reporting EventID: 1001 Data|contains|all: - MsMpEng.exe - mpengine.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - MsMpEng might crash if the "C:\" partition is full level: high
Sigma rule: Detects the use of the Microsoft signed script "CL_mutexverifiers" to proxy the execution of additional PowerShell scrip. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Script Proxy Execution Via CL_Mutexverifiers.ps1 id: 1e0e1a81-e79b-44bc-935b-ddb9c8006b3d status: test description: Detects the use of the Microsoft signed script "CL_mutexverifiers" to proxy the execution of additional PowerShell script commands references: - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Scripts/CL_mutexverifiers/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova, frack113 date: 2022-05-21 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1216 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_pwsh: ParentImage|endswith: - \powershell.exe - \pwsh.exe Image|endswith: \powershell.exe CommandLine|contains: ' -nologo -windowstyle minimized -file ' selection_temp: CommandLine|contains: - \AppData\Local\Temp\ - \Windows\Temp\ condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Identifies when a device or device configuration in azure is modified or deleted.. Logsource: azure / activitylogs. Rule: title: Azure Device or Configuration Modified or Deleted id: 46530378-f9db-4af9-a9e5-889c177d3881 status: test description: Identifies when a device or device configuration in azure is modified or deleted. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/monitoring-health/reference-audit-activities#core-directory author: Austin Songer @austinsonger date: 2021-09-03 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.impact - attack.t1485 - attack.t1565.001 logsource: product: azure service: activitylogs detection: selection: properties.message: - Delete device - Delete device configuration - Update device - Update device configuration condition: selection falsepositives: - Device or device configuration being modified or deleted may be performed by a system administrator. - Verify whether the user identity, user agent, and/or hostname should be making changes in your environment. - Device or device configuration modified or deleted from unfamiliar users should be investigated. If known behavior is causing false positives, it can be exempted from the rule. level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects file access attempts to sensitive Microsoft teams files (leveldb, cookies) by an uncommon process.. Logsource: windows / file_access. Rule: title: Microsoft Teams Sensitive File Access By Uncommon Applications id: 65744385-8541-44a6-8630-ffc824d7d4cc status: test description: 'Detects file access attempts to sensitive Microsoft teams files (leveldb, cookies) by an uncommon process. ' references: - https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-teams-stores-auth-tokens-as-cleartext-in-windows-linux-macs/ - https://www.vectra.ai/blog/undermining-microsoft-teams-security-by-mining-tokens author: '@SerkinValery' date: 2024-07-22 tags: - attack.credential-access - attack.t1528 logsource: product: windows category: file_access definition: 'Requirements: Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-File ETW provider' detection: selection: FileName|contains: - \Microsoft\Teams\Cookies - \Microsoft\Teams\Local Storage\leveldb filter_main_legit_location: Image|endswith: \Microsoft\Teams\current\Teams.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects the use of wmic.exe to modify user account settings and explicitly disable password expiration.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Password Set to Never Expire via WMI id: 7864a175-3654-4824-9f0d-f0da18ab27c0 status: experimental description: 'Detects the use of wmic.exe to modify user account settings and explicitly disable password expiration. ' references: - https://www.huntress.com/blog/the-unwanted-guest author: Daniel Koifman (KoifSec) date: 2025-07-30 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.persistence - attack.t1047 - attack.t1098 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \wmic.exe - OriginalFileName: wmic.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - useraccount - ' set ' - passwordexpires - 'false' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative activity level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects a suspicious Microsoft desktopimgdownldr execution with parameters used to download files from the Internet. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Suspicious Desktopimgdownldr Command id: bb58aa4a-b80b-415a-a2c0-2f65a4c81009 status: test description: Detects a suspicious Microsoft desktopimgdownldr execution with parameters used to download files from the Internet references: - https://labs.sentinelone.com/living-off-windows-land-a-new-native-file-downldr/ - https://twitter.com/SBousseaden/status/1278977301745741825 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2020-07-03 modified: 2021-11-27 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1105 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection1: CommandLine|contains: ' /lockscreenurl:' selection1_filter: CommandLine|contains: - .jpg - .jpeg - .png selection_reg: CommandLine|contains|all: - reg delete - \PersonalizationCSP condition: ( selection1 and not selection1_filter ) or selection_reg falsepositives: - False positives depend on scripts and administrative tools used in the monitored environment level: high
Sigma rule: Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission gr. Logsource: windows / ps_script. Rule: title: AD Groups Or Users Enumeration Using PowerShell - ScriptBlock id: 88f0884b-331d-403d-a3a1-b668cf035603 status: test description: 'Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1069.002/T1069.002.md author: frack113 date: 2021-12-15 modified: 2022-12-25 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1069.001 logsource: product: windows category: ps_script definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled' detection: test_2: ScriptBlockText|contains: get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership test_7: ScriptBlockText|contains|all: - get-aduser - '-f ' - '-pr ' - DoesNotRequirePreAuth condition: 1 of test_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Sigma rule: Detects Microsoft Excel loading an Add-In (.xll) file from an uncommon location. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: Microsoft Excel Add-In Loaded From Uncommon Location id: af4c4609-5755-42fe-8075-4effb49f5d44 related: - id: c5f4b5cb-4c25-4249-ba91-aa03626e3185 type: derived status: test description: Detects Microsoft Excel loading an Add-In (.xll) file from an uncommon location references: - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/lnk-between-browsers - https://wazuh.com/blog/detecting-xll-files-used-for-dropping-fin7-jssloader-with-wazuh/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2023-05-12 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1204.002 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \excel.exe ImageLoaded|contains: - \Desktop\ - \Downloads\ - \Perflogs\ - \Temp\ - \Users\Public\ - \Windows\Tasks\ ImageLoaded|endswith: .xll condition: selection falsepositives: - Some tuning might be required to allow or remove certain locations used by the rule if you consider them as safe locations level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects DNS queries initiated by "Regsvr32.exe". Logsource: windows / dns_query. Rule: title: DNS Query Request By Regsvr32.EXE id: 36e037c4-c228-4866-b6a3-48eb292b9955 related: - id: c7e91a02-d771-4a6d-a700-42587e0b1095 type: derived status: test description: Detects DNS queries initiated by "Regsvr32.exe" references: - https://pentestlab.blog/2017/05/11/applocker-bypass-regsvr32/ - https://oddvar.moe/2017/12/13/applocker-case-study-how-insecure-is-it-really-part-1/ author: Dmitriy Lifanov, oscd.community date: 2019-10-25 modified: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1559.001 - attack.t1218.010 logsource: category: dns_query product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \regsvr32.exe condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium