alirezaaminzadeh/cybersec-retrieval-benchmark huggingface dataset:
Sigma rule: Detects disabling of Multi Factor Authentication.. Logsource: m365 / audit. Rule: title: Disabling Multi Factor Authentication id: 60de9b57-dc4d-48b9-a6a0-b39e0469f876 status: test description: Detects disabling of Multi Factor Authentication. references: - https://research.splunk.com/cloud/c783dd98-c703-4252-9e8a-f19d9f5c949e/ author: Splunk Threat Research Team (original rule), Harjot Singh @cyb3rjy0t (sigma rule) date: 2023-09-18 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1556.006 logsource: service: audit product: m365 detection: selection: Operation|contains: Disable Strong Authentication. condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Sigma rule: Detects when an attacker modifies the "REG_MULTI_SZ" value named "Extensions" to include a custom DLL to achieve persist. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Potential Persistence Via LSA Extensions id: 41f6531d-af6e-4c6e-918f-b946f2b85a36 status: test description: 'Detects when an attacker modifies the "REG_MULTI_SZ" value named "Extensions" to include a custom DLL to achieve persistence via lsass. The "Extensions" list contains filenames of DLLs being automatically loaded by lsass.exe. Each DLL has its InitializeLsaExtension() method called after loading. ' references: - https://persistence-info.github.io/Data/lsaaextension.html - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1476286368385019906 author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-21 modified: 2023-08-17 tags: - attack.persistence logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\LsaExtensionConfig\LsaSrv\Extensions condition: selection falsepositives: - Unlikely level: high
Sigma rule: Detects a Mesh Agent service installation. Mesh Agent is used to remotely manage computers. Logsource: windows / system. Rule: title: Mesh Agent Service Installation id: e0d1ad53-c7eb-48ec-a87a-72393cc6cedc status: test description: Detects a Mesh Agent service installation. Mesh Agent is used to remotely manage computers references: - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/11/28/emotet-strikes-again-lnk-file-leads-to-domain-wide-ransomware/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-11-28 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: product: windows service: system detection: selection_root: Provider_Name: Service Control Manager EventID: 7045 selection_service: - ImagePath|contains: MeshAgent.exe - ServiceName|contains: Mesh Agent condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use of the tool level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects when the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) loads the DLL libraries like vbscript, jscript etc which might indic. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: MMC Loading Script Engines DLLs id: a9c73e8b-3b2d-4c45-8ef2-5f9a9c9998ad status: experimental description: 'Detects when the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) loads the DLL libraries like vbscript, jscript etc which might indicate an attempt to execute malicious scripts within a trusted system process for bypassing application whitelisting or defense evasion. ' references: - https://tria.ge/241015-l98snsyeje/behavioral2 - https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/grimresource author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) date: 2025-02-05 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059.005 - attack.t1218.014 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \mmc.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: - \vbscript.dll - \jscript.dll - \jscript9.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate MMC operations or extensions loading these libraries level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects Bitsadmin connections to IP addresses instead of FQDN names. Logsource: proxy. Rule: title: Bitsadmin to Uncommon IP Server Address id: 8ccd35a2-1c7c-468b-b568-ac6cdf80eec3 status: test description: Detects Bitsadmin connections to IP addresses instead of FQDN names references: - https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft+BITS+Used+to+Download+Payloads/21027 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-06-10 modified: 2022-08-24 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1071.001 - attack.persistence - attack.t1197 - attack.s0190 logsource: category: proxy detection: selection: c-useragent|startswith: Microsoft BITS/ cs-host|endswith: - '1' - '2' - '3' - '4' - '5' - '6' - '7' - '8' - '9' condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Detects commands that temporarily turn off Volume Snapshots. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Disabled Volume Snapshots id: dee4af55-1f22-4e1d-a9d2-4bdc7ecb472a status: test description: Detects commands that temporarily turn off Volume Snapshots references: - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1354766164166115331 author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-01-28 modified: 2023-12-15 tags: - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: CommandLine|contains|all: - \Services\VSS\Diag - /d Disabled condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate administration level: high
Sigma rule: Detects new BITS transfer job saving local files with potential suspicious extensions. Logsource: windows / bits-client. Rule: title: BITS Transfer Job Downloading File Potential Suspicious Extension id: b85e5894-9b19-4d86-8c87-a2f3b81f0521 status: test description: Detects new BITS transfer job saving local files with potential suspicious extensions references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1197/T1197.md author: frack113 date: 2022-03-01 modified: 2023-03-27 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1197 logsource: product: windows service: bits-client detection: selection: EventID: 16403 LocalName|endswith: - .bat - .dll - .exe - .hta - .ps1 - .psd1 - .sh - .vbe - .vbs filter_optional_generic: LocalName|contains: \AppData\ RemoteName|contains: .com condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - While the file extensions in question can be suspicious at times. It's best to add filters according to your environment to avoid large amount false positives level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects threat actors proxy executing code and bypassing application controls by leveraging wmic and the `/FORMAT` argum. Logsource: windows / image_load. Rule: title: WMIC Loading Scripting Libraries id: 06ce37c2-61ab-4f05-9ff5-b1a96d18ae32 related: - id: 8d63dadf-b91b-4187-87b6-34a1114577ea type: similar - id: 05c36dd6-79d6-4a9a-97da-3db20298ab2d type: similar status: test description: 'Detects threat actors proxy executing code and bypassing application controls by leveraging wmic and the `/FORMAT` argument switch to download and execute an XSL file (i.e js, vbs, etc). It could be an indicator of SquiblyTwo technique, which uses Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to execute malicious code. ' references: - https://securitydatasets.com/notebooks/atomic/windows/defense_evasion/SDWIN-201017061100.html - https://twitter.com/dez_/status/986614411711442944 - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Wmic/ author: Roberto Rodriguez (Cyb3rWard0g), OTR (Open Threat Research) date: 2020-10-17 modified: 2022-10-13 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1220 logsource: category: image_load product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \wmic.exe ImageLoaded|endswith: - \jscript.dll - \vbscript.dll condition: selection falsepositives: - The command wmic os get lastbootuptime loads vbscript.dll - The command wmic os get locale loads vbscript.dll - Since the ImageLoad event doesn't have enough information in this case. It's better to look at the recent process creation events that spawned the WMIC process and investigate the command line and parent/child processes to get more insights - The command `wmic ntevent` loads vbscript.dll level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects source code enumeration that use GET requests by keyword searches in URL strings. Logsource: webserver. Rule: title: Source Code Enumeration Detection by Keyword id: 953d460b-f810-420a-97a2-cfca4c98e602 status: test description: Detects source code enumeration that use GET requests by keyword searches in URL strings references: - https://pentester.land/tutorials/2018/10/25/source-code-disclosure-via-exposed-git-folder.html - https://medium.com/@logicbomb_1/bugbounty-how-i-was-able-to-download-the-source-code-of-indias-largest-telecom-service-52cf5c5640a1 author: James Ahearn date: 2019-06-08 modified: 2022-10-05 tags: - attack.discovery - attack.t1083 logsource: category: webserver detection: keywords: - .git/ condition: keywords falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects creation of a new service (kernel driver) with the type "kernel". Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: New Kernel Driver Via SC.EXE id: 431a1fdb-4799-4f3b-91c3-a683b003fc49 status: test description: Detects creation of a new service (kernel driver) with the type "kernel" references: - https://www.aon.com/cyber-solutions/aon_cyber_labs/yours-truly-signed-av-driver-weaponizing-an-antivirus-driver/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2022-07-14 modified: 2025-10-07 tags: - attack.persistence - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.t1543.003 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: Image|endswith: \sc.exe CommandLine|contains: - create - config CommandLine|contains|all: - binPath - type - kernel filter_optional_avira_driver: - CommandLine|contains|all: - create netprotection_network_filter - 'type= kernel start= ' - binPath= System32\drivers\netprotection_network_filter - DisplayName= netprotection_network_filter - group= PNP_TDI tag= yes - CommandLine|contains|all: - create avelam binpath=C:\Windows\system32\drivers\avelam.sys - type=kernel start=boot error=critical group=Early-Launch condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Rare legitimate installation of kernel drivers via sc.exe level: medium
Sigma rule: Detect when users are authenticating without MFA being required.. Logsource: azure / signinlogs. Rule: title: Azure AD Only Single Factor Authentication Required id: 28eea407-28d7-4e42-b0be-575d5ba60b2c status: test description: Detect when users are authenticating without MFA being required. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/entra/architecture/security-operations-user-accounts author: MikeDuddington, '@dudders1' date: 2022-07-27 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.initial-access - attack.credential-access - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1078.004 - attack.t1556.006 logsource: product: azure service: signinlogs detection: selection: Status: Success AuthenticationRequirement: singleFactorAuthentication condition: selection falsepositives: - If this was approved by System Administrator. level: low
Sigma rule: Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application. Logsource: windows / file_event. Rule: title: New Custom Shim Database Created id: ee63c85c-6d51-4d12-ad09-04e25877a947 status: test description: 'Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. ' references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1546.011/T1546.011.md#atomic-test-2---new-shim-database-files-created-in-the-default-shim-database-directory - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/fin7-shim-databases-persistence - https://liberty-shell.com/sec/2020/02/25/shim-persistence/ - https://andreafortuna.org/2018/11/12/process-injection-and-persistence-using-application-shimming/ author: frack113, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) date: 2021-12-29 modified: 2023-12-06 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1547.009 logsource: product: windows category: file_event detection: selection: TargetFilename|contains: - :\Windows\apppatch\Custom\ - :\Windows\apppatch\CustomSDB\ condition: selection falsepositives: - Legitimate custom SHIM installations will also trigger this rule level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_creation_new_shim_database/info.yml
Sigma rule: Administrative shares are hidden network shares created by Microsoft Windows NT operating systems that grant system admi. Logsource: windows / registry_set. Rule: title: Disable Administrative Share Creation at Startup id: c7dcacd0-cc59-4004-b0a4-1d6cdebe6f3e status: test description: Administrative shares are hidden network shares created by Microsoft Windows NT operating systems that grant system administrators remote access to every disk volume on a network-connected system references: - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1070.005/T1070.005.md#atomic-test-4---disable-administrative-share-creation-at-startup author: frack113 date: 2022-01-16 modified: 2024-03-25 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1070.005 logsource: category: registry_set product: windows detection: selection: TargetObject|contains: \Services\LanmanServer\Parameters\ TargetObject|endswith: - \AutoShareWks - \AutoShareServer Details: DWORD (0x00000000) condition: selection falsepositives: - Unknown level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_disable_administrative_share/info.yml simulation: - type: atomic-red-team name: Disable Administrative Share Creation at Startup technique: T1070.005 atomic_guid: 99c657aa-ebeb-4179-a665-69288fdd12b8
Sigma rule: Detects appending of zip file to image. Logsource: linux / auditd. Rule: title: Steganography Hide Zip Information in Picture File id: 45810b50-7edc-42ca-813b-bdac02fb946b status: test description: Detects appending of zip file to image references: - https://zerotoroot.me/steganography-hiding-a-zip-in-a-jpeg-file/ author: Pawel Mazur date: 2021-09-09 modified: 2022-10-09 tags: - attack.stealth - attack.t1027.003 logsource: product: linux service: auditd detection: commands: type: EXECVE a0: cat a1: a1|endswith: - .jpg - .png a2: a2|endswith: .zip condition: commands and a1 and a2 falsepositives: - Unknown level: low
Sigma rule: Detects remote PowerShell sessions. Logsource: windows / ps_module. Rule: title: Remote PowerShell Session (PS Module) id: 96b9f619-aa91-478f-bacb-c3e50f8df575 status: test description: Detects remote PowerShell sessions references: - https://threathunterplaybook.com/hunts/windows/190511-RemotePwshExecution/notebook.html author: Roberto Rodriguez @Cyb3rWard0g, Tim Shelton date: 2019-08-10 modified: 2023-01-20 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.001 - attack.lateral-movement - attack.t1021.006 logsource: product: windows category: ps_module definition: 0ad03ef1-f21b-4a79-8ce8-e6900c54b65b detection: selection: ContextInfo|contains|all: - ' = ServerRemoteHost ' - wsmprovhost.exe filter_pwsh_archive: ContextInfo|contains: \Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\Microsoft.PowerShell.Archive\Microsoft.PowerShell.Archive.psm1 condition: selection and not 1 of filter_* falsepositives: - Legitimate use remote PowerShell sessions level: high
Sigma rule: Detects when a user is removed from a privileged role. Bulk changes should be investigated.. Logsource: azure / auditlogs. Rule: title: Bulk Deletion Changes To Privileged Account Permissions id: 102e11e3-2db5-4c9e-bc26-357d42585d21 status: test description: Detects when a user is removed from a privileged role. Bulk changes should be investigated. references: - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/architecture/security-operations-privileged-identity-management#azure-ad-roles-assignment author: Mark Morowczynski '@markmorow', Yochana Henderson, '@Yochana-H' date: 2022-08-05 tags: - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.persistence - attack.t1098 logsource: product: azure service: auditlogs detection: selection: properties.message: - Remove eligible member (permanent) - Remove eligible member (eligible) condition: selection falsepositives: - Legtimate administrator actions of removing members from a role level: high
Sigma rule: Detects the attempt to install new skills for AI agents using the "npx skills" command. Agent skills enhance AI agents w. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: New Agent Skills Installation Attempt Via Node.EXE id: afa71271-6a97-4e47-810f-83120fb1a4ce status: experimental description: 'Detects the attempt to install new skills for AI agents using the "npx skills" command. Agent skills enhance AI agents with new capabilities, but attackers may abuse this mechanism to inject malicious commands executed by the agent on behalf of the user. The "npx skills" command can install skills for various agents (e.g., Claude Code, Cursor, and others). Analysts should review any installed skills to verify their legitimacy. Note: Tune this rule based on whether AI agent tooling is allowed in your environment. In environments where such tooling is authorized, this detection may reflect normal activity and the alert level should be adjusted accordingly. In environments where AI agent tooling is not permitted, this activity is likely suspicious and may require immediate investigation. ' references: - https://blog.lukaszolejnik.com/supply-chain-risk-of-agentic-ai-infecting-infrastructures-via-skill-worms/ - https://github.com/vercel-labs/skills/blob/1f7fbc8d0e49c4e0601d364696bd1bdd15e80967/README.md - https://opensourcemalware.com/blog/clawdbot-skills-ganked-your-crypto - https://promptintel.novahunting.ai/molt author: Marco Pedrinazzi (@pedrinazziM) (InTheCyber) date: 2026-02-03 tags: - attack.execution - attack.t1059.007 logsource: product: windows category: process_creation detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \node.exe - OriginalFileName: node.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|contains|all: - npx-cli.js - 'skills ' - ' add ' condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - This rule will be triggered when a new agent skill is installed regardless if it is benign or malicious. - High false positive rate expected in environments where AI agent tooling is authorized and commonly used. level: medium regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_node_new_agent_skills_installed/info.yml
Sigma rule: Detects suspicious child processes of Excel which could be an indicator of lateral movement leveraging the "ActivateMicr. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Excel.EXE DCOM Lateral Movement Via ActivateMicrosoftApp id: 551d9c1f-816c-445b-a7a6-7a3864720d60 status: test description: 'Detects suspicious child processes of Excel which could be an indicator of lateral movement leveraging the "ActivateMicrosoftApp" Excel DCOM object. ' references: - https://posts.specterops.io/lateral-movement-abuse-the-power-of-dcom-excel-application-3c016d0d9922 - https://github.com/grayhatkiller/SharpExShell - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/api/excel.xlmsapplication author: Aaron Stratton date: 2023-11-13 tags: - attack.t1021.003 - attack.lateral-movement logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_parent: ParentImage|endswith: \excel.exe selection_child: - OriginalFileName: - foxprow.exe - schdplus.exe - winproj.exe - Image|endswith: - \foxprow.exe - \schdplus.exe - \winproj.exe condition: all of selection_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high
Sigma rule: Detects potential RDP connection via Mstsc using a local ".rdp" file. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Mstsc.EXE Execution With Local RDP File id: 5fdce3ac-e7f9-4ecd-a3aa-a4d78ebbf0af status: test description: Detects potential RDP connection via Mstsc using a local ".rdp" file references: - https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/rogue-rdp-revisiting-initial-access-methods/ - https://web.archive.org/web/20230726144748/https://blog.thickmints.dev/mintsights/detecting-rogue-rdp/ author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Christopher Peacock @securepeacock date: 2023-04-18 modified: 2023-04-30 tags: - attack.command-and-control - attack.t1219.002 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \mstsc.exe - OriginalFileName: mstsc.exe selection_cli: CommandLine|endswith: - .rdp - .rdp" filter_optional_wsl: ParentImage: C:\Windows\System32\lxss\wslhost.exe CommandLine|contains: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\WSL\wslg.rdp condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_optional_* falsepositives: - Likely with legitimate usage of ".rdp" files level: low
Sigma rule: Detects potential suspicious behaviour using secedit.exe. Such as exporting or modifying the security policy. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Potential Suspicious Activity Using SeCEdit id: c2c76b77-32be-4d1f-82c9-7e544bdfe0eb status: test description: Detects potential suspicious behaviour using secedit.exe. Such as exporting or modifying the security policy references: - https://blueteamops.medium.com/secedit-and-i-know-it-595056dee53d - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/secedit author: Janantha Marasinghe date: 2022-11-18 modified: 2022-12-30 tags: - attack.collection - attack.discovery - attack.persistence - attack.credential-access - attack.privilege-escalation - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.defense-impairment - attack.t1685.001 - attack.t1547.001 - attack.t1505.005 - attack.t1556.002 - attack.t1685 - attack.t1574.007 - attack.t1564.002 - attack.t1546.008 - attack.t1546.007 - attack.t1547.014 - attack.t1547.010 - attack.t1547.002 - attack.t1557 - attack.t1082 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection_img: - Image|endswith: \secedit.exe - OriginalFileName: SeCEdit selection_flags_discovery: CommandLine|contains|all: - /export - /cfg selection_flags_configure: CommandLine|contains|all: - /configure - /db condition: selection_img and (1 of selection_flags_*) falsepositives: - Legitimate administrative use level: medium
Sigma rule: Detects the execution of a renamed "NirCmd.exe" binary based on the PE metadata fields.. Logsource: windows / process_creation. Rule: title: Renamed NirCmd.EXE Execution id: 264982dc-dbad-4dce-b707-1e0d3e0f73d9 status: test description: Detects the execution of a renamed "NirCmd.exe" binary based on the PE metadata fields. references: - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2024/01/17/new-ttps-observed-in-mint-sandstorm-campaign-targeting-high-profile-individuals-at-universities-and-research-orgs/ - https://www.nirsoft.net/utils/nircmd.html author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems) date: 2024-03-11 tags: - attack.execution - attack.stealth - attack.t1059 - attack.t1202 logsource: category: process_creation product: windows detection: selection: OriginalFileName: NirCmd.exe filter_main_img: Image|endswith: - \nircmd.exe - \nircmdc.exe condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* falsepositives: - Unknown level: high