CVE-2023-53500 (published 2025-10-01)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

xfrm: fix slab-use-after-free in decode_session6

When the xfrm device is set to the qdisc of the sfb type, the cb field
of the sent skb may be modified during enqueuing. Then,
slab-use-after-free may occur when the xfrm device sends IPv6 packets.

The stack information is as follows:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in decode_session6+0x103f/0x1890
Read of size 1 at addr ffff8881111458ef by task swapper/3/0
CPU: 3 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/3 Not tainted 6.4.0-next-20230707 #409
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.14.0-1.fc33 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
dump_stack_lvl+0xd9/0x150
print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x3c0
kasan_report+0x11d/0x130
decode_session6+0x103f/0x1890
__xfrm_decode_session+0x54/0xb0
xfrmi_xmit+0x173/0x1ca0
dev_hard_start_xmit+0x187/0x700
sch_direct_xmit+0x1a3/0xc30
__qdisc_run+0x510/0x17a0
__dev_queue_xmit+0x2215/0x3b10
neigh_connected_output+0x3c2/0x550
ip6_finish_output2+0x55a/0x1550
ip6_finish_output+0x6b9/0x1270
ip6_output+0x1f1/0x540
ndisc_send_skb+0xa63/0x1890
ndisc_send_rs+0x132/0x6f0
addrconf_rs_timer+0x3f1/0x870
call_timer_fn+0x1a0/0x580
expire_timers+0x29b/0x4b0
run_timer_softirq+0x326/0x910
__do_softirq+0x1d4/0x905
irq_exit_rcu+0xb7/0x120
sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x97/0xc0
</IRQ>
<TASK>
asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20
RIP: 0010:intel_idle_hlt+0x23/0x30
Code: 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 41 54 41 89 d4 0f 1f 44 00 00 66 90 0f 1f 44 00 00 0f 00 2d c4 9f ab 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 fb f4 <fa> 44 89 e0 41 5c c3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 41 54 41 89 d4
RSP: 0018:ffffc90000197d78 EFLAGS: 00000246
RAX: 00000000000a83c3 RBX: ffffe8ffffd09c50 RCX: ffffffff8a22d8e5
RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffffffff8d3f8080 RDI: ffffe8ffffd09c50
RBP: ffffffff8d3f8080 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed1026ba6d9d
R10: ffff888135d36ceb R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000001
R13: ffffffff8d3f8100 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000000
cpuidle_enter_state+0xd3/0x6f0
cpuidle_enter+0x4e/0xa0
do_idle+0x2fe/0x3c0
cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20
start_secondary+0x200/0x290
secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0x167/0x16b
</TASK>
Allocated by task 939:
kasan_save_stack+0x22/0x40
kasan_set_track+0x25/0x30
__kasan_slab_alloc+0x7f/0x90
kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1cd/0x410
kmalloc_reserve+0x165/0x270
__alloc_skb+0x129/0x330
inet6_ifa_notify+0x118/0x230
__ipv6_ifa_notify+0x177/0xbe0
addrconf_dad_completed+0x133/0xe00
addrconf_dad_work+0x764/0x1390
process_one_work+0xa32/0x16f0
worker_thread+0x67d/0x10c0
kthread+0x344/0x440
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888111145800
which belongs to the cache skbuff_small_head of size 640
The buggy address is located 239 bytes inside of
freed 640-byte region [ffff888111145800, ffff888111145a80)

As commit f855691975bb ("xfrm6: Fix the nexthdr offset in
_decode_session6.") showed, xfrm_decode_session was originally intended
only for the receive path. IP6CB(skb)->nhoff is not set during
transmission. Therefore, set the cb field in the skb to 0 before
sending packets.
Severity: HIGH (CVSS 3.1 vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Weakness: CWE-416
Affected vendors: linux
Affected products: linux_kernel