CVE-2022-50396 (published 2025-09-18)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: sched: fix memory leak in tcindex_set_parms

Syzkaller reports a memory leak as follows:
====================================
BUG: memory leak
unreferenced object 0xffff88810c287f00 (size 256):
  comm "syz-executor105", pid 3600, jiffies 4294943292 (age 12.990s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
  backtrace:
    [<ffffffff814cf9f0>] kmalloc_trace+0x20/0x90 mm/slab_common.c:1046
    [<ffffffff839c9e07>] kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:576 [inline]
    [<ffffffff839c9e07>] kmalloc_array include/linux/slab.h:627 [inline]
    [<ffffffff839c9e07>] kcalloc include/linux/slab.h:659 [inline]
    [<ffffffff839c9e07>] tcf_exts_init include/net/pkt_cls.h:250 [inline]
    [<ffffffff839c9e07>] tcindex_set_parms+0xa7/0xbe0 net/sched/cls_tcindex.c:342
    [<ffffffff839caa1f>] tcindex_change+0xdf/0x120 net/sched/cls_tcindex.c:553
    [<ffffffff8394db62>] tc_new_tfilter+0x4f2/0x1100 net/sched/cls_api.c:2147
    [<ffffffff8389e91c>] rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x4dc/0x5d0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6082
    [<ffffffff839eba67>] netlink_rcv_skb+0x87/0x1d0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2540
    [<ffffffff839eab87>] netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1319 [inline]
    [<ffffffff839eab87>] netlink_unicast+0x397/0x4c0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1345
    [<ffffffff839eb046>] netlink_sendmsg+0x396/0x710 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1921
    [<ffffffff8383e796>] sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:714 [inline]
    [<ffffffff8383e796>] sock_sendmsg+0x56/0x80 net/socket.c:734
    [<ffffffff8383eb08>] ____sys_sendmsg+0x178/0x410 net/socket.c:2482
    [<ffffffff83843678>] ___sys_sendmsg+0xa8/0x110 net/socket.c:2536
    [<ffffffff838439c5>] __sys_sendmmsg+0x105/0x330 net/socket.c:2622
    [<ffffffff83843c14>] __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2651 [inline]
    [<ffffffff83843c14>] __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2648 [inline]
    [<ffffffff83843c14>] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0x24/0x30 net/socket.c:2648
    [<ffffffff84605fd5>] do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
    [<ffffffff84605fd5>] do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
    [<ffffffff84800087>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
====================================

Kernel uses tcindex_change() to change an existing
filter properties.

Yet the problem is that, during the process of changing,
if `old_r` is retrieved from `p->perfect`, then
kernel uses tcindex_alloc_perfect_hash() to newly
allocate filter results, uses tcindex_filter_result_init()
to clear the old filter result, without destroying
its tcf_exts structure, which triggers the above memory leak.

To be more specific, there are only two source for the `old_r`,
according to the tcindex_lookup(). `old_r` is retrieved from
`p->perfect`, or `old_r` is retrieved from `p->h`.

  * If `old_r` is retrieved from `p->perfect`, kernel uses
tcindex_alloc_perfect_hash() to newly allocate the
filter results. Then `r` is assigned with `cp->perfect + handle`,
which is newly allocated. So condition `old_r && old_r != r` is
true in this situation, and kernel uses tcindex_filter_result_init()
to clear the old filter result, without destroying
its tcf_exts structure

  * If `old_r` is retrieved from `p->h`, then `p->perfect` is NULL
according to the tcindex_lookup(). Considering that `cp->h`
is directly copied from `p->h` and `p->perfect` is NULL,
`r` is assigned with `tcindex_lookup(cp, handle)`, whose value
should be the same as `old_r`, so condition `old_r && old_r != r`
is false in this situation, kernel ignores using
tcindex_filter_result_init() to clear the old filter result.

So only when `old_r` is retrieved from `p->perfect` does kernel use
tcindex_filter_result_init() to clear the old filter result, which
triggers the above memory leak.

Considering that there already exists a tc_filter_wq workqueue
to destroy the old tcindex_d
---truncated---
Severity: MEDIUM (CVSS 3.1 vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Weakness: CWE-401
Affected vendors: linux
Affected products: linux_kernel