alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Valentine Hollingsworth

Valentine Hollingsworth (August 15, 1632 – October 13, 1710) was an Irish Quaker settler of Brandywine Hundred in the Delaware Colony in the late 17th century.

Hollingsworth was born to Henry and Catherine Hollingsworth in County Armagh, Ireland. The family had moved from Northern Cheshire, England. He first married in 1655 to Anne Rea (1628-1671), by whom he had four children, then in 1672 to Anne Calvert, by whom he had four more children.

Hollingsworth was converted to Quakerism by George Fox while in Ireland and suffered religious persecution. He stopped attending religious services at the Church of Ireland and was fined and had his supply of grain confiscated. In 1682 he and his family sailed for the Delaware Colony from Belfast, on the ship Antelope. William Penn granted him 986 acres of land between Shellpot Creek to Blue Ball, Delaware in what is now Wilmington, Delaware. The Quaker settlers rotated religious services between their houses until Hollingsworth donated land for the creation of a meetinghouse and burial ground.

Hollingsworth was a member of the First Assembly of the Province of Pennsylvania. He served as a justice of the peace. He was one of the signers of William Penn's Great Charter.

He died on October 13, 1710, and was interred at Newark Union Cemetery.  A large monument marks the site of his burial.

Citations

Sources

External links
Descendants of Robert Holllingsworth of Hollingworth, Cheshire, England
Descendants of Henry Hollingsworth 7th great grandfather

1632 births
1710 deaths
American Quakers
Burials in New Castle County, Delaware
Hollingsworth
Converts to Quakerism
Irish Quakers
Irish emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies
People of colonial Delaware
Laurence Cottle

Laurence Cottle (born 16 December 1961) is a Welsh bass guitarist and composer.

Career
His solo recordings have been mostly in jazz and jazz fusion. He was a member of the fusion quartet The Fents and appeared on their second album, The Other Side, released on the Passport Jazz label in 1987.

He played with The Alan Parsons Project on Gaudi, their final album for Arista, and on Freudiana, Parsons's final collaboration with Eric Woolfson. He is the brother of Richard Cottle (also a musician), playing with him during his time with The Alan Parsons Project.

Shortly after, he was hired by British heavy metal band Black Sabbath to play bass on the studio sessions that would become their 1989 album Headless Cross. Cottle wrote and played all the bass parts for the album and appeared on the music video for the song "Headless Cross" but didn't perform live or tour with the band.

In the 1990s, he produced three albums for guitarist Jim Mullen and recorded with British jazz musicians Mornington Lockett, Tim Garland, Django Bates, Gerard Presencer, and John Graham. In 2000, Cottle appeared on the album Iommi from Tony Iommi. From 2003 to 2006, he was a member of Bill Bruford's Earthworks. In 2009, he produced albums for Claire Martin, Gareth Williams, and Mark Nightingale. He leads his own Laurence Cottle Big Band playing a variety of standards and his own material.

Cottle has also played on Eric Clapton's 1986 album August as well as Van Morrison's Keep Me Singing and Roll with the Punches.

References

External links 
 Official site
 

1961 births
Living people
Black Sabbath members
Musicians from Swansea
British jazz composers
Jazz fusion bass guitarists
Earthworks (band) members
Human Chain members
The Alan Parsons Project members
Welsh guitarists
Tumpline

A tumpline () is a strap attached at both ends to a sack, backpack, or other luggage and used to carry the object by placing the strap over the top of the head.  This utilizes the spine rather than the shoulders as standard backpack straps do.  Tumplines are not intended to be worn over the forehead, but rather over the top of the head just back from the hairline, pulling straight down in alignment with the spine.  The bearer then leans forward, allowing the back to help support the load.

The indigenous natives in Mexico (and other Latin American countries) traditionally have used the tumpline for carrying heavy loads, such as firewood, baskets (including baskets loaded with construction materials and dirt for building), bird cages, and furniture. In Mexico a common name for tumpline is "mecapal". Modern highland Mayans of southern Mexico use tumplines for various pedestrian transport. During World War Two, the Canadian Army developed special supply-packs with tumplines for moving supplies over rough terrain.

Tumplines are used commonly by porters in Nepal. Climber and outdoor equipment manufacturer Yvon Chouinard started using tumplines in preference to a backpack to solve chronic back pains after seeing how Nepalese porters developed muscles down the sides of their spinal columns.

See also
 Duluth pack
 Head-carrying
 Matki (earthen pot)
 Portage

References

External links

Hiking equipment
Fur trade
First Nations culture
Native American tools
2006 Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council election

Elections for Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council were held on Thursday 4 May 2006. The whole council was up for election.  Barking and Dagenham is split up into 17 wards, each electing 3 councillors, so a total of 51 seats were up for election.

The Labour Party retained control of the council winning 38 seats and 41% of the popular vote. The British National Party won 12 seats in a rare electoral breakthrough for a far-right party, and formed the official opposition winning 17% of the popular vote. The Conservatives won 1 seat.

Background
115 candidates nominated in total. Labour again ran a full slate (51) and was the only party to do so. By contrast the Conservative Party ran only 23 candidates , whilst the Liberal Democrats ran 4 and the BNP ran 13.

Election results

Ward results

Abbey

Alibon

Becontree

Chadwell Heath

Eastbrook

Eastbury

Gascoigne

Goresbrook

Heath

Longbridge

Mayesbrook

Parsloes

River

Thames

Valence

Village

Whalebone

By-elections between 2006 and 2010

Chadwell Heath

The by-election was called following the resignation of Cllr. Sarah Baillie.

References

External links
Barking and Dagenham local council election results 

2006
2006 London Borough council elections
Ryan Killeen

Ryan Killeen (born July 11, 1983) is an American football placekicker for the National Football League Seattle Seahawks' NFL Europe affiliate Amsterdam Admirals.

Professional career
He was originally signed as a free agent for the Detroit Lions, but was cut before the regular season.

College career
Killeen played college football at the University of Southern California. He transferred there from Mt. San Antonio College in his sophomore season.

External links
TSN Bio

1983 births
Living people
USC Trojans football players
Amsterdam Admirals players
American football placekickers
Players of American football from Norco, California
United Petrotrin F.C.

United Petrotrin Football Club was a football club from Trinidad and Tobago and a former member of the TT Pro League of Trinidad. It was dissolved in 2009.

History
Formed in 1980, Trintoc entered the Point Fortin Football League that same year and immediately won the League title and then entered the fourth division of the Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation, which they also won in their first year. By the end of the decade Trintoc had won every title in local soccer (league champions in 1986 and 1988) and even became Caribbean champions in 1988 when they beat Seba United F.C. of Jamaica in the final.

During this period another oil-based team, Trintopec, also rose to prominence and in 1992, the T&T government decided to merge both companies, Trintoc and Trintopec to form Petrotrin. It was also decided to join both football squads and United Petrotrin was born. The team took up where Trintoc and Trintopec left off, winning several national championships, including two FA Trophy titles. However, soon after there was a change in the management of the company and funding for football was considerably reduced. As a result, United Petrotrin went into decline and the team was eventually disbanded. In an effort to revive football in the south, a group of concerned southerners formed the Southwest Institute of Football (SWIF), but the response from the business sector was poor. The Petrotrin chairman emerged as a saviour and with his support, United Petrotrin was reborn and the "oil squad" returned to top flight football.

United Petrotrin entered the Professional football league in 2005, as a combination of 2004 league participants South West Drillers and United Petrotrin of the Southern Football Association. They finished 6th in their debut season.

Achievements
CFU Club Championship: 1
 1997

 Trinidad and Tobago Cup: 5
 1986, 1988, 1993, 1995, 1997

 Professional Football League: 2
 1986, 1988

Performance in CONCACAF  competitions
CONCACAF Cup Winners Cup (1 appearance)
1996 – Qualifying stage (Caribbean Zone)

1992 establishments in Trinidad and Tobago
2009 disestablishments in Trinidad and Tobago
Association football clubs established in 1992
Association football clubs disestablished in 2009
 
Works association football teams
Relative afferent pupillary defect

A relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), also known as a Marcus Gunn pupil, is a medical sign observed during the swinging-flashlight test whereupon the patient's pupils dilate when a bright light is swung from the unaffected eye to the affected eye. The affected eye still senses the light and produces pupillary sphincter constriction to some degree, albeit reduced.

Depending on severity, different symptoms may appear during the swinging flash light test:

Mild RAPD will presents as a weak pupil constriction initially, after which dilation continues to happen.

When RAPD is moderate, pupil size will remain, after which it dilates

When RAPD is severe, the pupil will dilate quickly

Cause
The most common cause of Marcus Gunn pupil is a lesion of the optic nerve (between the retina and the optic chiasm) due to glaucoma, or severe retinal disease, or due to multiple sclerosis. It is named after Scottish ophthalmologist Robert Marcus Gunn.
A second common cause of Marcus Gunn pupil is a contralateral optic tract lesion, due to the different contributions of the intact nasal and temporal hemifields.

Diagnosis
The Marcus Gunn pupil is a relative afferent pupillary defect indicating a decreased pupillary response to light in the affected eye.

In the swinging flashlight test, a light is alternately shone into the left and right eyes.  A normal response would be equal constriction of both pupils, regardless of which eye the light is directed at.  This indicates an intact direct and consensual pupillary light reflex.  When the test is performed in an eye with an afferent pupillary defect, light directed in the affected eye will cause only mild constriction of both pupils (due to decreased response to light from the afferent defect), while light in the unaffected eye will cause a normal constriction of both pupils (due to an intact efferent path, and an intact consensual pupillary reflex).  Thus, light shone in the affected eye will produce less pupillary constriction than light shone in the unaffected eye.

Anisocoria is absent.  A Marcus Gunn pupil is seen, among other conditions, in unilateral optic neuritis. It is also common in retrobulbar optic neuritis due to multiple sclerosis but unreliable in bilateral optic neuritis.

A total CN II lesion, in which the affected eye perceives no light, is very similar to a Marcus Gunn pupil; to distinguish them, in a CNII total lesion shining the light in the affected eye produces zero dilation nor constriction.

See also

 Argyll Robertson pupil
 Adie syndrome
 Cycloplegia
 Miosis
 Parinaud's syndrome
 Syphilis

References

External links 

Eye diseases
Human pupil
Earl Abell

Earl C. "Tuffy" Abell (May 29, 1892 – May 26, 1956) was an American college football player and coach. He played football as a tackle at Colgate University. He later returned to Colgate as an assistant coach in 1925, and took over the head coaching job in 1928. He spent the 1929 and 1930 football seasons as head football coach at the University of Virginia. Abell was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as player in 1973.

Early life
Abell attended Portage High School in Portage, Wisconsin.

Coaching career

VMI
Abell was the 13th head football coach at Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in Lexington, Virginia, serving for two seasons, from 1917 to 1918, and compiling a record of 7–7–1.

Colgate
Abell was the 22nd head football coach at Colgate University in the Hamilton New York, serving for the 1928 season, and compiling a record of 6–3.

Personal life
Born in Portage, Wisconsin, Abell attended Colgate University, where he became a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. Abell was married and had three children. He worked for the American Can Company upon retiring from coaching. He died of a heart attack on May 26, 1956.

Head coaching record

Football

Note: In the 1918 season, Abell served as a co-coach alongside Mose Goodman.

Basketball

References

External links
 
 

1892 births
1956 deaths
American football tackles
Colgate Raiders football coaches
Colgate Raiders football players
Mississippi State Bulldogs football coaches
Sewanee Tigers football coaches
Virginia Cavaliers football coaches
VMI Keydets basketball coaches
VMI Keydets football coaches
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
People from Portage, Wisconsin
Coaches of American football from Wisconsin
Players of American football from Wisconsin
Basketball coaches from Wisconsin
Jason Mitchell (wide receiver)

Jason Mitchell (born July 19, 1981) is a wide receiver who was formerly with the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

Professional career
Previously, he was with the Jacksonville Jaguars organization.

Signed a contract with the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the CFL in 2007 and was released from the team on July 6, 2007. He has subsequently rejoined the Roughriders, as a member of their Developmental Squad, on July 12, 2007. He was moved to the active roster on July 27, 2007, and saw his CFL debut on July 28, 2007, against the Edmonton Eskimos. He caught one pass for seven yards in his debut with the Riders. He was subsequently released by the Riders on July 31, 2007. On January 23, 2008, he was signed to a one-year plus an option year contract with the Riders.

College career
Mitchell played college football at the University of Southern California.

High school career
Mitchell prepped at North Torrance High School.

References

Players of American football from Torrance, California
USC Trojans football players
American football wide receivers
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Saskatchewan Roughriders players
Living people
1981 births
Vanadium(III) bromide

Vanadium(III) bromide, also known as vanadium tribromide, describes the inorganic compounds with the formula VBr3 and its hydrates.  The anhydrous material is a green-black solid.  In terms of its structure, the compound is polymeric with octahedral vanadium(III) surrounded by six bromide ligands.

VBr3 has been prepared by treatment of vanadium tetrachloride with hydrogen bromide:
2 VCl4  + 8 HBr  →  2 VBr3  +  8 HCl  +  Br2
The  reaction proceeds via the unstable vanadium(IV) bromide (VBr4), which releases Br2 near room temperature.

Like VCl3, VBr3 forms red-brown soluble complexes with dimethoxyethane and THF, such as mer-VBr3(THF)3.

Aqueous solutions prepared from VBr3 contain the cation trans-[VBr2(H2O)4]+.  Evaporation of these solutions give the salt trans-[VBr2(H2O)4]Br.(H2O)2.

Further reading
Stebler, A.; Leuenberger, B.; Guedel, H. U.  "Synthesis and crystal growth of A3M2X9 (A = Cs, Rb; M = Ti, V, Cr; X = Cl, Br)"    Inorganic Syntheses  (1989),  volume 26, pages 377–85.

References

Bromides
Metal halides
Vanadium(III) compounds
Superficial epigastric artery

The superficial epigastric artery (not to be confused with the superior epigastric artery) arises from the front of the femoral artery about 1 cm below the inguinal ligament, and, passing through the femoral sheath and the fascia cribrosa, turns upward in front of the inguinal ligament, and ascends between the two layers of the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall nearly as far as the umbilicus.

It distributes branches to the superficial subinguinal lymph glands, the superficial fascia, and the integument; it anastomoses with branches of the inferior epigastric, and with its fellow of the opposite side.

Additional images

References

Arteries of the abdomen
Arteries of the lower limb
Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless pair

The men's coxless pairs was one of four rowing events on the Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to 2 boats (total of 4 rowers). Four pairs from three nations competed.

Competition format

The 1908 tournament featured two rounds of one-on-one races; with 4 boats in the competition, the semifinals were the first round. Semifinal losers each received bronze medals, so that all competitors earned a medal. The course was 1.5 miles in length, with two slight bends near the start and about halfway.

Standings

Results

Semifinals

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final

References

Sources
 
 

Men's coxless 2
Epigastric arteries

Epigastric arteries can refer to:
 Superficial epigastric artery
 Superior epigastric artery
 Inferior epigastric artery
Martell

Martell may refer to:

People

Martell Covington, American politician
Clark Martell (born 1960), neo-Nazi Skinhead
Edward Martell (1918–1995), former radiochemist for the US National Center for Atmospheric Research
Hugh Martell (1912–1998), Royal Navy officer
Jaeden Martell (born 2003), American actor
Karl Martell (Charles Martel), Majordomo and Duke of the Franks; victor of the Battle of Tours (732)
Karl Hermann Martell (1906–1966), German actor
Lena Martell (born 1940), Scottish singer
Maxine Martell (born 1937), American artist
Piera Martell (born 1943), Swiss singer
Martell Robinson (born 1976), American drag queen known as Jasmine Masters
Tate Martell (born 1998), American football player
Vince Martell (born 1945), lead guitarist of the band Vanilla Fudge

Places

Italy 
Martell, South Tyrol, a municipality in South Tyrol
Martelltal, a valley in South Tyrol

United States 
Martell, California
Martell, Nebraska
Martell, Wisconsin, a town
Martell (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community

Other uses
Martell (cognac), a cognac manufacturer
House Martell, a fictional family in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire
"Martell", a song by The Cribs

See also
Martel (disambiguation)
Martela
Dario Biocca

Dario Biocca is a professor of European history at John Cabot University. He also teaches at the University of Perugia, Italy and has been Coordinatore at Scuola di giornalismo Radiotelevisivo (Perugia). He has a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley and has taught at various institutions in the US and Italy. 

Biocca has published:
"Ignazio Silone, La Doppia Vita di un Italiano", Rizzoli 2005;
"L'Informatore. Silone, i Comunisti e la Polizia", Luni 2000; with Mauro Canali]
"A Matter of Passion. Selected Letters of Bernard Berenson and Clotilde Marghieri", Berkeley and Los Angeles 1989.
"Il Muro di Belfast"—An astonishing article on the Belfast cemetery, where a 'sunken wall' separates Catholic graves from Protestant ones - Eerie!, La Rebubblica 15 July 2007
 "La bella addormentata"—A reportage from the walled-up city of Famagusta, Cyprus.La Repubblica, May 5, 2008.

Footnotes

External links
John Cabot University profile

20th-century Italian historians
Academic staff of the University of Perugia
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Italian historians
Fountain of Samson, Kyiv

The Fountain of Samson or Felitsiyal (, translit.: Fontan Samson, Felitsiial) is a Ukrainian Baroque fountain in the Podil raion of Kyiv. It was constructed in the 18th century, later demolished in 1934 or 1935, and rebuilt in 1981.

History

It was constructed during 1748–1749 after the Podil magistrate's decision to repair the water distribution system. The project was assigned to Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi, a descendant of a well-known Podil family and a graduate of the Kyiv Mohyla Academy. The fountain was a pavilion-like circular rotunda with a cupola resting on four piers, with each pier embellished by two columns of Corinthian order. The dome of the fountain was topped by a  gilded copper statue of St. Andrew. Before the 1800s a statue of an angel who held a chance from which water issued and ran into a basin was erected inside the fountain. In 1809, the angel was replaced by an almost life-size wooden sculpture of Samson, who was tearing the lion's jaws from which the water flowed, hence the name, Fountain of Samson. The sculpture was likely modeled upon Mikhail Kozlovsky's famous statue, a centerpiece of the Peterhof Palace Grand Cascade, with St. Samson symbolising the Russian victory over Sweden at Poltava: the lion is an element of Sweden's coat of arms and the battle was won on St. Samson Day. The fountain received its water supply from the Starokievskaya Gora through wooden pipes.

Before the start of World War I the two statues of St. Andrew and Samson were removed from the fountain and put into storage, which later proved beneficial as the Bolsheviks destroyed the structure altogether. In 1927 the rotunda's dome was repaired by the Kyiv City Council government. During 1935, the Architectural Planning Administration proposed to include the structure in a planned park on the Red Square (now the Kontraktova Square). According to a factually uncertain story, Communist Party official Pavel Postyshev, instructed the Chairman of the City Council, Ryzhkov, to remove the so-called "kiosk". Overnight the 18th century structure was dismantled. Its foundations however were preserved.

During the second half of the 1970s a decision was made to reintroduce the lost historical atmosphere to the old merchant and artisans quarter of Ukrainian capital, as part of an effort to develop the Podil as a tourist center of Kyiv. In these plans the rebuilding of the Fountain of Samson was included. In the autumn of 1977, the government of the Ukrainian S.S.R. directed the City Council of Kyiv to rebuild the structure, which was finished in 1981. It was built according to designs by Ukrainian architect V. P. Shevchenko. Today the fountain has sundial clocks on the columns it contains concrete copies of the original statues of St. Andrew and Samson, the originals are on display in the National Art Museum of Ukraine.

References

External links
  in Wiki-Encyclopedia Kyiv

Buildings and structures in Kyiv
Fountains in Ukraine
Monuments and memorials in Kyiv
Podilskyi District
Peninsula School District

The Peninsula School District is the main school district for the city of Gig Harbor, Washington, USA and the unincorporated areas around Gig Harbor and the Key Peninsula. These areas include Artondale, Arletta, Rosedale, Purdy, Wollochet, Vaughn, Lakebay, Longbranch, Home, Wauna, Crescent Valley and the Kopachuck area.

High schools
 Gig Harbor High School
 Peninsula High School
 Henderson Bay Alternative High School

Middle schools
 Goodman Middle School – leads into Gig Harbor High School  Website
 Kopachuck Middle School – leads into Gig Harbor High  School Website
 Harbor Ridge Middle School – leads into Peninsula High School Website
 Key Peninsula Middle School – leads into Peninsula High School Website

Elementary schools
 Harbor Heights Elementary School – leads into Goodman Middle School
 Discovery Elementary School – leads into Goodman Middle School
 Voyager Elementary School – leads into Kopachuck Middle School
 Artondale Elementary School – lead into Kopachuck Middle School
 Evergreen Elementary School – leads into Key Peninsula Middle School
 Minter Creek Elementary School – leads into Key Peninsula Middle School
 Purdy Elementary School – leads into Harbor Ridge Middle School
 Vaughn Elementary School – leads into Key Peninsula Middle School
 Swift Water Elementary School – leads into Harbor Ridge Middle School

Superintendent
Robert Manahan was the superintendent of the Peninsula School District from July 2016 through 2018. Art Jarvis was the interim 
superintendent of the Peninsula School District from 2018 to 2020. As of July 2021, Krestin Bahr has served as superintendent.

Krestin Bahr previously worked at Tacoma Public Schools, where she served as the head of middle schools and as the Regional Director for Mt. Tahoma. Bahr was also the superintendent for Eatonville School District in 2013.

Board of directors
Peninsula School District has 5 districts, and therefore 5 directors that serve the Gig Harbor area. The president of the board is Lori Glover of district 3, while the vice president is Natalie Wimberly. Other members include Chuck West, Jennifer Butler, and David Olson. Many of the school board members are former military members, or former firefighters, in the case of West.

References
https://www.psd401.net/about-us/school-board/our-board-of-directors

External links
 Official site

 
School districts in Washington (state)
Education in Pierce County, Washington
Gig Harbor, Washington
Craigston Castle

Craigston Castle is a 17th-century country house located about  north-east of Turriff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and is an historic home of the Urquhart family. The U-plan castle is composed of two main wings flanking the entrance and connected by an elevated arch, and surmounted by a richly corbelled parapet. There are bases for corner turrets near the top corner of each wing, but the turrets themselves do not appear to have ever been completed. The wood carvings in the drawing room depict biblical themes and Clan Urquhart heraldic artefacts.

Craigston Castle belongs to the "Bell group" of Scottish castles, designed by masons of the Bell or Bel family, and which, according to H. Gordon Slade, "together form perhaps Scotland’s finest and the most distinctive contribution to Western architecture". The castle is still owned and lived in by the Urquhart family, who trace their descent back to Adam Urquhart, 14th-century sheriff of Cromarty, although according to Sir Thomas Urquhart, translator of Rabelais, the family can be traced back to Adam and Eve through "Termuth", who he states found Moses in the rushes, as well as many other fantastic ancestors.

John Urquhart of Craigfintry (1547-1631), known as the "Tutor of Cromarty", built the castle from 1604 to 1607, and the design of the castle appears to show his influence as compared with other examples of the "Bell group". It was sold by the Urquharts in 1657, but bought back in 1739 by Captain John Urquhart, known as "the pirate", great-grandson of the builder. The new owner built the flanking wings, and laid out new gardens, though apparently not to the designs prepared in 1733 by William Adam, the foremost architect of the time. In the 1830s John Smith, the architect of Balmoral Castle, prepared designs for an extensive remodelling, though only a new entrance doorway was built. Craigston Castle is now a category A listed building. The Urquhart family retain possession of the castle, and have recently started to host weddings and other events, as well as letting it out as accommodation.

References

External links
Craigston Castle - Official website
Craigston castle, Scottish Places

Houses in Aberdeenshire
Castles in Aberdeenshire
Category A listed buildings in Aberdeenshire
Listed castles in Scotland
Tower houses in Scotland
Houses completed in 1607
Hagrite

The Hagrites (also spelled Hagarite or Hagerite, and called Hagarenes, Agarenes, and sons of Agar) were associated with the Ishmaelites mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, the inhabitants of the regions of Jetur, Naphish and Nodab lying east of Gilead. Their name is understood to be related to that of the biblical Hagar. They lived a nomadic, animal-herding lifestyle in sparsely populated land east of the Israelites.

According to First Chronicles 5:18-22, the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half of the tribe of Manasseh in Gilead brought 44,760 to battle with the Hagrites and defeated them. Through the battle, the Reubenites captured the Hagrite land as well as 50,000 camels, 250,000 sheep, 2,000 donkeys. Finally, the Reubenites captured 100,000 Hagrites, men, women and children and held them as captives. According to Theodor Nöldeke, these numbers are "enormously exaggerated".

King David of Israel made Jazziz the Hagrite steward of his flocks, but the Hagrites are not mentioned in the historical books as a distinct people after the reign of King David.

In Psalms 83:6, the Hagrites are included in a list of ten peoples that form a coalition to attack Israel for the purpose of wiping it off the map. Because the war described in Psalm 83 has not yet occurred historically, it is often designated a prophetic psalm describing future events.

See also
Comfort, Philip and Walter Elwell, Tyndale Bible Dictionary, Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers, 2001

References

External links
 Jewish Encyclopedia: Hagarenes, Hagarites

Ancient Israel and Judah
Ancient peoples
Gilead
Hagar
Office of the Federal Register

The Office of the Federal Register is an office of the United States government within the National Archives and Records Administration. 

The Office publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, Public Papers of the Presidents, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also examines Electoral College and Constitutional amendment ratification documents for facial legal sufficiency and an authenticating signature.

In May 2014, the Office held an "editathon" which focused on improving Wikipedia entries related to government entities.

See also
 Title 1 of the Code of Federal Regulations

References

External links
 
 Office of the Federal Register in the Federal Register
 Administrative Committee of the Federal Register in the Federal Register
 Federal Register 2.0

United States Electoral College
National Archives and Records Administration
Mesenteric arteries

The mesenteric arteries take blood from the aorta and distribute it to a large portion of the gastrointestinal tract.

Both the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries arise from the abdominal aorta. Each of these arteries travel through the mesentery, within which they branch several times before reaching the gut. In humans, many of these branches are named, but in smaller animals the branches are more variable. In some animals, including humans, branches of these arteries join with the marginal artery of the colon, which means that occlusion of one of the main arteries does not necessarily lead to the death of the part of the gut that it usually supplies.

The term mesenteric artery is also used to describe smaller branches of these vessels which, particularly in smaller animals, provide a significant source of vascular resistance. These branches have a dense innervation by sympathetic nerves, allowing the brain to control their diameter and hence the resistance to blood flow to the gut. This is of particular importance when blood flow is required elsewhere, such as in exercise or shock, where a large proportion of the blood is required to supply the needs of skeletal muscle; by constricting the smaller mesenteric vessels, the resistance of blood flow to the gut increases, and hence blood flows more readily to other organs.

See also
 Superior mesenteric artery
 Inferior mesenteric artery

References

Arteries of the abdomen
Digestive system
Abdomen
Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's coxless four

The men's coxless four was one of four rowing events on the Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to 2 boats (total of 8 rowers). Four boats from three nations competed.

Competition format

The 1908 tournament featured two rounds of one-on-one races; with 4 boats in the competition, the semifinals were the first round. Semifinal losers each received bronze medals, so that all competitors earned a medal. The course was 1.5 miles in length, with two slight bends near the start and about halfway.

Standings

Results

Semifinals

Semifinal 1
The British four won by 2¼ lengths.

Semifinal 2

Final

References

Sources

 
 

Men's coxless 4
Augustin Schramm

Major Augustin Schramm (March 2, 1907 in Liberec – May 27, 1948 in Prague) was an ethnic German Czechoslovak communist professional and NKVD agent. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) in 1930s. During World War II Schramm was a political commissar (rank of major) at a training school for partisan parachuters in the USSR, and after the war he was Head of the Partisans‘ Affair Department at KSČ HQ, and at Czechoslovakian Ministry of Defence too, and co-ordinator of his own intelligence network.

Schramm was often suspected of playing the key role in the assassination of Jan Masaryk, democratic Foreign Minister, after the Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia on February 25, 1948. However, there isn't enough evidence to support this claim. He was shot dead in his own flat two and half months later. The Communist political police and justice prosecuted, sentenced and executed Miloslav Choc, a young anticommunist. However, there are indications that Schramm was a man who knew too much, and his murder was a cover-up ordered by the NKVD and Communist parties' authorities. Late Major A. Schramm was celebrated as a "martyr of Communism" before the Velvet Revolution in 1989.

1907 births
1948 deaths
Politicians from Liberec
Sudeten German people
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia politicians
Czechoslovak murder victims
People murdered in Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovak expatriates in the Soviet Union
People granted political asylum in the Soviet Union
People of the StB
Jimi's Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese

Jimi's Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese is a multi-book series published by David Voggenthaler, written by Peter X. Takahashi with illustrations by Yumie Toka. Two of three planned books have been published to date. The collective series teaches basic Japanese through a patents-pending "Triple Bubble" method that incorporates reading, writing and pronunciation guidance in a series of interconnected bubbles. The first book, "Jimi's Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese (Hiragana)" (; ) teaches readers 46 basic Japanese Hiragana syllabary with more than 250 essential Japanese vocabulary. The second book, "Jimi's Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese (Katakana) teaches readers 46 Katakana syllabary plus essential Japanese vocabulary (, ). Both books contain interactive exercises to improve basic Japanese comprehension.

The books are aimed at a broader audience in North America and at a grade school audience in the rest of the world. In 2003, Takahashi & Black/PBJ Omnimedia (imprint) won a Parents' Choice Award for category "Doing and Learning." and an IPPY (Independent Publisher Book Award) in the category for Academic books.

References

External links

Japanese language learning resources
SyQuest EZ 135 Drive

The EZ 135 Drive is a 3.5" removable platter hard disk drive. It was introduced by SyQuest Technology in 1995. It had a maximum capacity of 135 MB per disk.

A successor drive, known as the SyQuest EZFlyer, was released in 1996.  It was backwards compatible with the EZ 135 disks, and could utilize a higher capacity 230 MB disk.

Specifications
 Capacity: 135 MB
 Average seek time: 13.5 ms
 Burst transfer rate: 4 MB/s
 Buffer size: 64K
 Mechanism rated for 200,000 hours

Interfaces
The EZ 135 drive was available with several interfaces.  The external drive was available with parallel or SCSI interfaces; the internal drive was available with IDE or SCSI interfaces.

Pricing
At introduction, the EZ 135 Drive had the following prices (in US dollars):

 135 MB cartridge: $20.00
 EZ 135 Drive – external SCSI: $240.00
 EZ 135 Drive – internal IDE: $200.00

Sales
The EZ 135 Drive was designed to be a competitor to the Iomega Zip drive and LS-120 SuperFloppy.  The original box listed several advantages:
 Much faster
 Higher capacity
 2-year warranty

Additionally the removable hard disk cartridges included a 5-year warranty.

Unfortunately, the EZ 135 drive was not backwards compatible with other SyQuest drives, and the original capacity was never increased beyond 135 MB. The Zip drive became popular and SyQuest's sales declined.

See also
 SyQuest Technology
 Zip drive
 Jaz drive
 Orb Drive

References

External links

 SYQT homepage
 .
 SyQuest EZFlyer Information
 .

SyQuest storage devices
Hard disk drives
Lord Claud Hamilton (1787–1808)

Lord Claud Hamilton (1 November 1787 – June 1808) was a British nobleman and politician. He sat briefly in the House of Commons before dying of illness in Madeira at the age of 20.

The younger son of John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn, he was evidently educated at Harrow School, where he was a lieutenant of volunteers in 1803. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford on 24 October 1805, but left there for Cambridge, where he was admitted as a nobleman to St John's College on 19 October 1807. In the meantime, he was elected as Member of Parliament for Dungannon at the general election in May 1807, though underage, through the patronage of his father's political ally, Thomas Knox, 1st Viscount Northland. It was intended that he should later contest County Donegal or County Tyrone, but he suffered from illness, and may not ever have taken his seat. In January 1808, he sailed for Brazil in the brig Eclipse to recover his health, but died in Madeira in June.

References

External links

1787 births
1808 deaths
People educated at Harrow School
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Tyrone constituencies (1801–1922)
Younger sons of marquesses
UK MPs 1807–1812
Muddy Creek (central Utah)

Muddy Creek is a stream in central Utah, United States, that drains portions of Emery, Sanpete, Sevier, and Wayne counties.

Description
The creek begins on the eastern slopes of the Wasatch Plateau at elevations above . It turns southward near the town of Emery, then southeastward, where it crosses under Interstate 70. It then directly enters the western flank of the San Rafael Swell and continuing in a southeasterly direction, it passes Hondu Arch, and the Tomsich Butte mining area then begins its spectacular passage through a narrow slot canyon of Coconino Sandstone known as the "Chute".

After merging with Chimney Canyon and passing the Hidden Splendor Mine area, it passes through the southeastern escarpment of the San Rafael Reef at the end of Muddy Creek Gorge. In its lower reaches, it continues southeastward through the Blue Hills badlands near Caineville, then cuts through the  Jurassic Morrison Formation where dinosaur fossils have been found. Finally, after an estimated length of  and a drop of , it meets the Fremont River some miles north of the town of Hanksville where the two form the Dirty Devil River (which then flows south to meet the Colorado River).

Since it enters the San Rafael Swell at an elevation well below that attained by the Swell itself and continues through the Swell's entire expanse, Muddy Creek is a very ancient river course, "superimposed" on the entire San Rafael uplift and therefore predating the time when the latter arose some 60-40 million years ago.

Wilderness
Designated in 2019 by the U.S. Congress, the Muddy Creek Wilderness encompasses the pristine portion of the creek that enters the San Rafael Swell.  The 98,023 acres wilderness area is managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.

See also

 List of Utah rivers
 List of tributaries of the Colorado River
 Quitchupah Creek
 List of U.S. Wilderness Areas

References

External links

 Muddy Creek WSA at Bureau of Land Management 
 River Information:
 River and Rafting Information
 Hiking the Gorge of Muddy Creek
 Flow Gauge at Emery, Utah

Rivers of Utah
Rivers of Emery County, Utah
San Rafael Swell
Rivers of Wayne County, Utah
Tributaries of the Colorado River in Utah
Former rivers
Wilderness areas of Utah
Chipkill


Chipkill is IBM's trademark for a form of advanced error checking and correcting (ECC) computer memory technology that protects computer memory systems from any single memory chip failure as well as  multi-bit errors from any portion of a single memory chip. One simple scheme to perform this function scatters the bits of a Hamming code ECC word across multiple memory chips, such that the failure of any single memory chip will affect only one ECC bit per word. This allows memory contents to be reconstructed despite the complete failure of one chip. Typical implementations use more advanced codes, such as a BCH code, that can correct multiple bits with less overhead.

Chipkill is frequently combined with dynamic bit-steering, so that if a chip fails (or has exceeded a threshold of bit errors), another, spare, memory chip is used to replace the failed chip.  The concept is similar to that of RAID, which protects against disk failure, except that now the concept is applied to individual memory chips. The technology was developed by the IBM Corporation in the early and middle 1990s. An important RAS feature, Chipkill technology is deployed primarily on SSDs, mainframes and midrange servers.

An equivalent system from Sun Microsystems is called Extended ECC, while equivalent systems from HP are called Advanced ECC and Chipspare.  A similar system from Intel, called Lockstep memory, provides double-device data correction (DDDC) functionality.  Similar systems from Micron, called redundant array of independent NAND (RAIN), and from SandForce, called RAISE level 2, protect data stored on SSDs from any single NAND flash chip going bad.

A 2009 paper using data from Google's datacentres provided evidence demonstrating that in observed Google systems, DRAM errors were recurrent at the same location, and that 8% of DIMMs were affected each year. Specifically, "In more than 85% of the cases a correctable error is followed by at least one more correctable error in the same month".  DIMMs with chipkill error correction showed a lower fraction of DIMMs reporting uncorrectable errors compared to DIMMs with error correcting codes that can only correct single-bit errors.  A 2010 paper from University of Rochester also showed that Chipkill memory gave substantially lower memory errors, using both real world memory traces and simulations.

See also 

 ECC memory
 Lockstep (computing)
 Memory ProteXion
 Redundant array of independent memory
 Single-error correction and double-error detection (SECDED)

References

External links 
 Intel E7500 Chipset MCH Intelx4 Single Device Data Correction (x4 SDDC) Implementation and Validation, Intel Application note AP-726, August 2002.
 DRAM study turns assumptions about errors upside down, Ars Technica, October 7, 2009
 Enabling Memory Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Features on Dell PowerEdge Servers, 2005
 Chipkill correct memory architecture, August 2000, by David Locklear
 The Mathematics of Chipkill ECC, October 2015, by Bob Day

Computer memory
Error detection and correction
IBM computer hardware
Chandler Owen

Chandler Owen (April 5, 1889 – November 2, 1967) was an African-American writer, editor and early member of the Socialist Party of America.  Born in North Carolina, he studied and worked in New York City, then moved to Chicago for much of his career.  He established his own public relations company in Chicago and wrote speeches for candidates and presidents including Thomas Dewey, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and Lyndon B. Johnson.

Biography
Owen was born in Warrenton, North Carolina, in 1889. He graduated from Virginia Union University in 1913. Later, while studying economics at Columbia University in 1916, he joined the Socialist Party of America. He began a lifelong friendship with A. Philip Randolph and together they followed the lead of radical activist Hubert Harrison. They soon became known in Harlem as "Lenin" (Owen) and "Trotsky" (Randolph). The two started a journal in 1917, called The Messenger, which published leading literary and political writers. Soon after, while Owen was running for the New York State Assembly, he and Randolph were jailed, where they were mocked and treated cruelly for their Socialist affiliations.

Owen moved to Chicago, Illinois, shortly thereafter and found himself quickly enlightened with socialistic views. He became managing editor of the Chicago Bee, a major African-American publication, and continued to back Randolph in his efforts to unionize Pullman porters on the railroads. With his mounting career success, Owen went on to establish his own public relations company.  He remained interested in politics and wrote many speeches for politicians such as Wendell Willkie, Thomas Dewey, and even for US presidents Dwight Eisenhower and Lyndon B. Johnson.

In the 1920s, Owen became a Republican. He would later run unsuccessfully for a seat in the United States House of Representatives. For the remainder of his life, he worked in public relations and continue to write speeches.

Suffering from terminal kidney disease, Owen wrote a last letter to Philip Randolph saying, ..."Our long friendship, never soiled, is nearing its close. I've been in pain. If you were not living, I would commit suicide today." Owen died soon after in November 1967.

Like Harrison, Owen was an atheist. In a 1919 issue of The Messenger he and Randolph wrote, "We don't thank God for anything... our Deity is the toiling masses of the world and the things for which we thank are their achievement."

Electoral history

References

Banks, W. M. Black Intellectuals: Race and Responsibility in American Life, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1996.

External links
African American History Vignette: Chandler Owen (1889-1967).

1889 births
1967 deaths
People from Warrenton, North Carolina
African-American people in Illinois politics
Columbia University alumni
Members of the Socialist Party of America
Illinois Republicans
African-American writers
American writers
20th-century African-American people
A/W 95

A/W 95 may ref to:

A-B Helicopters A/W 95, an American helicopter design
Vortech A/W 95, an American helicopter design
James White (Irish politician)

James White (2 January 1938 – 2 September 2014) was an Irish businessman and hotelier, and a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) for constituencies in County Donegal.

He was elected to Dáil Éireann as Fine Gael TD for the Donegal–Leitrim constituency at the 1973 general election. He was re-elected at the 1977 general election as the TD for the new Donegal constituency.  After further boundary changes, he was re-elected at the 1981 general election as the TD for Donegal South-West, and did not contest the February 1982 general election. He stood again for Donegal South-West at the 1992 and 2002 general elections but was not elected on either occasion.

His Ballyshannon-based company, the White's Hotel Group, owns several large hotels in the spa town of Lisdoonvarna, County Clare, renowned for its annual matchmaking festival.

He died on 2 September 2014.

References

1938 births
2014 deaths
Fine Gael TDs
Members of the 20th Dáil
Members of the 21st Dáil
Members of the 22nd Dáil
Irish hoteliers