alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Gogugyang of Goguryeo

Gogugyang of Goguryeo (died 391, r. 384–391) was the 18th ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.  During his reign, the balance of power among the Three Kingdoms began to shift, as Goguryeo attacked Baekje, and allied with Silla.

Family
Father: King Gogukwon (고국원왕, 故國原王)
Grandfather: King Micheon (미천왕, 美川王)
Grandmother: Queen, of the Ju clan (왕후 주씨, 王后 周氏)
Unknown wife
Son: Prince Damdeok (담덕, 談德)

Background and rise to the throne 
He was the son of the 16th king Gogugwon, who was killed by prince and future Baekje king Geungusu in the latter's assault on Pyongyang Castle. Gogugyang was also the younger brother of the 17th king Sosurim, and the father of the 19th king Gwanggaeto the Great. Gogugyang rose to the throne when Sosurim died without a son.

Reign 
In the second year of his reign, Gogukyang sent 40,000 troops to attack the Chinese state of Later Yan in the Liaodong Peninsula. The Goguryeo army captured Liaodong and Xuantu, and took 10,000 prisoners.

In 386, the prince Go Dam-deok, the later King Gwanggaeto the Great, was designated heir to the throne. It is said Dam-deok served his father in battlefields since he was teenager.

Goguryeo attacked the southern Korean kingdom of Baekje in 386, which returned the attacks in 389 and 390.  In the spring of 391, Goguryeo signed a treaty of friendship with King Naemul of Silla, another of the Three Kingdoms, and received Naemul's nephew Kim Sil-seong as a hostage.

Death and succession
He furthered the formal state adoption of Confucianism and Buddhism, building a national temple and repairing the ancestral shrine. Especially, the ancestral shrine of Sajik-dan was constructed by incorporating Chinese-style rituals, while the temples of land and water were said to be constructed with a view to encouraging the commoners to have religious faith.

He died in his eighth year on the throne, in the fifth lunar month of 391.  He was given the posthumous name of Gogugyang.

Popular culture 
 Portrayed by Dokgo Young-jae in the 2007 MBC TV series The Legend
Portrayed by Kim Ju Hwan in the 2011 KBS TV series The King of Legend.
 Portrayed by Song Yong-tae in the 2011-2012 KBS1 TV series Gwanggaeto, The Great Conqueror.

References

See also
History of Korea
Three Kingdoms of Korea
List of Korean monarchs

Goguryeo monarchs
391 deaths
4th-century monarchs in Asia
Year of birth unknown
Korean Buddhist monarchs
4th-century Korean people
Gritsamada

Gritsamada (, IAST: Gṛtsamada/Gṛtsamāda) was a Rigvedic sage. Most of Mandala II of the Rigveda is attributed to him. He was the son of Śunahotra Āṅgirasa and the adopted son of Śunaka Bhārgava. According to Witzel, Somāhuti Bhārgava is a descendant of Gritsamada, due to the fact that Somāhuti states that he is one among the Gritsamadas. However according to Jamison and Brereton he belongs to the Bhṛgu lineage of Gṛtsamada's adopted father Śunaka. The signature line of the Gritsamadas in the Rigveda was "May we speak loftily at the ritual distribution, in possession of good heroes." Gritsamada was known for connecting the deeds of Indra to the actions of the ritual.

Legend 
In the Bṛhaddevatā, Gritsamada is stated to have become as large and strong as Indra through penances, which led to the daityas Dhuni and Cumiri to mistake him for such. When Gritsamada realized their hostile intentions, he praised Indra with hymns so that Indra could defeat them. According to the late medieval commentator Sayana, Gritsamada was captured by asuras and was released on Indra's command and by his was made the son of Śunaka Bhārgava. In the Mahābhārata, not Vasishtha but Varishtha, curses Gritsamada to be a wild animal as a result of Gritsamada faltering in the recitation of formulae in a sacrifice. He cursed that he would be an animal divested of intelligence, subject to grief, ever filled with fear and that he would be an animal for ten thousand years with ten and eight hundred years in addition. However, Śiva restores him to his normal form and grants him immortality. Gritsamada later shared this story to Yudhishthira.

References

Rishis
Rigveda
DN10

DN10 () is a national road in Romania that runs from Buzău to Brașov, crossing the Carpathian Mountains through the Buzău Pass.

The road follows the Buzău River valley and is an important connection between Transylvania and the cities of south-eastern Romania.

December 2006 landslide 
On 16 December 2006, a massive landslide which occurred in the Siriu commune near kilometer 81 rendered DN10 unusable in that area, as some 5000 m³ of dirt flooded the road. The road was cleared and became available again by 22 December, a week after the landslide occurred.

References

Gallery

Roads in Romania
Folksongs for a Nuclear Village

Folksongs for a Nuclear Village is the sixth studio album by new-age/jazz group Shadowfax, their first for Capitol Records. It won the Grammy Award for Best New Age Album  in 1989.

"Folksong for a Nuclear Village" was a 1982 dance performance choreographed by Louise Durkee of Seattle in that city.

The cover artwork is a piece by Michael McMillen called Nel Mezzo Del Cammin Di Nostra Vita, which is the opening line from The Divine Comedy, meaning, in English, "In the middle of our life's journey."

Track listing
 "The Firewalker" (Chuck Greenberg) – 4:54
 "We Used to Laugh" (Greenberg) – 4:07
 "Solar Wind" (David C. Lewis) – 5:08
 "Behind Green Eyes" (Phil Maggini) – 5:17
 "Lucky Mud" (Stuart Nevitt) – 4:40
 "Madagascar Cafe" (Nevitt, G. E. Stinson) – 3:06
 "Against the Grain" (Charles Bisharat) – 3:42
 "No Society" (Bisharat) – 4:16
 "Elephant Ego" (Lewis) – 5:00
 "Folksong for a Nuclear Village" (Maggini, Stinson) – 5:13

Personnel
Chuck Greenberg – Lyricon, tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone, alto, wood and clay flutes, double ocarina
Stuart Nevitt – cymbals, drums, E-mu SP-12/Pad 8 programming, gongs, timbales, caxixi, shakers, boobams, bamboo zither, shaman rattles, Bushman dance rattles, sampled dundago, clappers, kiwi drums, Moroccan clay drums, tambourines, bendir, gankogui, talking drum, log drums, congas
G. E. Stinson – electric and acoustic guitars, mbiras, accordion
Charles Bisharat – electric violin, violin, Yamaha DX7 synthesizer
David C. Lewis – Yamaha DX-7, Yamaha TX-7, Memorymoog synthesizer, E-mu Emax, sampled grand piano, Yamaha QX-I sequencer, Oberheim DX stretch drum machine
Phil Maggini – bass, fretless bass, string bass, Roland D-50 synthesizer, baby grand piano, bowed waterfone

Additional personnel
John Bergamo – tabla (3)
Emil Richards – marimba (1, 8), flapamba (1, 7), bass marimba (3, 6), jay call (3), E-11 sampled wind chimes (5), marimba (5), boobams (5), gamelan gongs (5), metal angklung (5), dumbeg (6), clappers (6), shekere (6), bamboo stamping tubes (7), angklung (7), primitive toms (7, 8), woodblock marimba (8), E-11 sampled didjeridu (10), bull roar (10), daka di bello (11), whistle (11)
Haralambi A. - sampled talking drum (9)
Michael Spiro –  percussion (2, 7, 9), conga (2, 7, 9)

Charts

References

Shadowfax (band) albums
1988 albums
Grammy Award for Best New Age Album
Albums produced by David Kershenbaum
Alex Kellner

Alexander Raymond Kellner (August 26, 1924 – May 3, 1996) was an American starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Philadelphia / Kansas City Athletics (1948–1958), Cincinnati Reds (1958)  and St. Louis Cardinals (1959). Kellner batted right-handed and threw left-handed. He was born in Tucson, Arizona. His younger brother, Walt, also was a major league pitcher.

In a 12-season career, Kellner posted a 101–112 record with 816 strikeouts and a 4.17 ERA in  innings pitched. He won 20 games for the Athletics in 1949. 

He had his best season in 1949, with 20 wins, 37 games started, 19 complete games, 245 innings pitched (all career-highs) en route to being a 1949 American League All-Star.

Kellner died in Tucson, Arizona, at the age of 71.

References

Alex Kellner - Baseballbiography.com

External links

1924 births
1996 deaths
American people of German descent
American League All-Stars
Baseball players from Tucson, Arizona
Birmingham Barons players
Cincinnati Redlegs players
Kansas City Athletics players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Muskogee Reds players
Philadelphia Athletics players
Savannah Indians players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Tucson Cowboys players
Peter Clarke (cartoonist)

Peter Clarke (18 September 1935 – 16 December 2012) was a British cartoonist. Clarke's caricatures, described by one critic as “wicked perversions”, appeared in The Guardian newspaper where he was the staff cartoonist.

Information
Clarke wrote and illustrated the best seller Touchdown on the Moon, an account of the Apollo 11 Moon landing which sold 1.3 million copies in three languages. Clarke was the youngest (26 y.o.) political cartoonist ever appointed to a national newspaper in the UK. Skilled in conventional pen and ink technique, he also worked in other media. Clarke introduced the Apple Macintosh Graphics computer into The Guardian.

He exhibited in many modern art exhibitions in the UK and abroad, including the John Moores Biennial, Britain's pre-eminent, competitive show of modern painting. Clarke was also commissioned by the Zambian Government to paint an official portrait of President Kenneth Kaunda.

Clarke appeared on TV on The Late Show and as a writer and presenter of What The Papers Say. He won the cartoonists "Oscar", the prestigious title of "Cartoonist of the Year", a title only awarded to eleven cartoonists in the forty-year history of the press awards.

Married with four children, he died on 16 December 2012 in Norfolk, England, United Kingdom.

External links
Peter Clarke's Portfolio Website
Guardian newspaper obituary

1935 births
2012 deaths
British cartoonists
The Guardian people
Bestair

Bestair (Bestair Havayollari) was a charter airline based in Yeşilköy, Istanbul, Turkey. It was a privately owned charter airline operating domestic and international services. Its main bases were Atatürk International Airport, Istanbul and Antalya Airport.

History 
The airline started operations on 17 June 2006. It was established by the Tunca Group (airline Chief Executive: Bahtisen Tunca).

Bestair ceased its operations in October 2009.

Destinations 
Bestair operated services linking Istanbul and Antalya with destinations in Germany, Belgium, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Fleet 

The Bestair fleet included the following aircraft (as of 6 May 2009)
2 Airbus A321-131 (one aircraft was operated for Atlasjet)
1 McDonnell Douglas MD-82 (which was operated for Mahan Air)

As of 6 May 2009, the average age of the Bestair fleet was 16.2 years

See also 
 List of defunct airlines of Turkey

References

External links

Bestair  (Archive) 
Bestair Fleet

Defunct airlines of Turkey
Airlines established in 2006
Airlines disestablished in 2009
Defunct charter airlines of Turkey
Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district

The Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district encompassed the entire area of the Indiana Territory.

A delegate to the United States Congress was elected from this district.

The territory was created from portions of the Northwest Territory leading up to the State of Ohio achieving statehood.

List of delegates representing the district 
The territory sent one non-voting delegate to the United States House of Representatives.

The area of Indiana Territory was reduced in 1805 by the creation of Michigan Territory, and again in 1809 by the creation of Illinois Territory.

Indiana becomes a state of the Union
On December 11, 1816, Indiana was admitted into the Union as a state.

See also
 United States congressional delegations from Northwest Territory
 List of United States congressional districts

References 

 

Territory
Former congressional districts of the United States
At-large United States congressional districts
Constituencies established in 1805
1805 establishments in Indiana Territory
Constituencies disestablished in 1816
1816 disestablishments in Indiana
3pcc

In the traditional telephony context, third party call control allows one entity (which we call the controller) to set up and manage a communications relationship or telephone call between two or more other parties.  Third party call control (referred to as 3pcc) is often used for operator services (where an operator creates a call that connects two participants together) and conferencing.

Similarly, many SIP services are possible through third party call control.  These include the traditional ones on the PSTN, but also new ones such as click-to-dial.  Click-to-dial allows a user to click on a web page to speak to a customer service representative.  The web server then creates a call between the user and a customer service representative.  The call can be between two phones, a phone and an IP host, or two IP hosts.

Third party call control is possible using only the mechanisms specified within .  Indeed, many different call flows are possible, each of which will work with SIP compliant user agents. However, there are benefits and drawbacks to each of these flows. The usage of third party call control also becomes more complex when aspects of the call utilize SIP extensions or optional features of SIP. In particular, the usage of  (used for coupling of signaling to resource reservation) with third party call control is non-trivial, and is discussed in Section 9 of RFC  3725.  Similarly, the usage of   early media (where session data is exchanged before the call is accepted) with third party call control is not trivial; both of them specify the way in which user agents generate and respond to SDP, and it is not clear how to do both at the same time.  This is discussed further in Section 8.

Third Party Call Control is perfectly suited for delivery of 9-1-1 calls in a Next Generation 9-1-1 environment. It allows for re-connection of the media stream to an alternate end point if the original destination end point becomes unavailable without dropping the original emergency call (which has a separate media stream to the 3PCC server). Additionally, it minimizes bandwidth requirements between the 3PCC server and the emergency call handling end point because all mixed media uses the same RTP stream. Finally, it does not rely on a destination end point for end to end reliability but rather on a more robust centralized data center with several redundantly deployed servers.

See also
Calling party
Called party
Next Generation 9-1-1
Click-to-call
Third Party Control Protocol

External links 
 — SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
 — Integration of Resource Management and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
 — Best Current Practices for Third Party Call Control (3pcc) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
 — Update to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Preconditions Framework

Teletraffic
Cabinet of Israel

The Cabinet of Israel (officially:  Memshelet Yisrael) exercises executive authority in the State of Israel. It consists of ministers who are chosen and led by the prime minister. The composition of the government must be approved by a vote of confidence in the Knesset (the Israeli parliament). Under Israeli law, the prime minister may dismiss members of the government, but must do so in writing, and new appointees must be approved by the Knesset. Most ministers lead ministries, though some are ministers without portfolio. Most ministers are members of the Knesset, though only the Prime Minister and the "designated acting prime minister" are required to be Knesset members. Some ministers are also called deputy and vice prime ministers. Unlike the designated acting prime minister, these roles have no statutory meanings. The government operates in accordance with the Basic Law. It meets on Sundays weekly in Jerusalem. There may be additional meetings if circumstances require it.

Use of terms 
The body discussed in this article is referred to in Israeli official documents as the Government of Israel. This is in accordance to the normal translation of its Hebrew name, (, Memshala). In Israel, the term cabinet () is generally used for the State-Security Cabinet ( HaKabinet haMedini-Bitachoni), a smaller forum of cabinet members that decides on defense and foreign policy issues and may consist of up to half of the (full) cabinet members. Another term in use is the Kitchen Cabinet (, HaMitbahon, lit. "The kitchenette"), a collection of senior officials, or unofficial advisers to the Security Cabinet of Israel.

Provisional and first governments of Israel

The first government was the provisional government of Israel (HaMemshala HaZmanit) which governed from shortly before independence until the formation of the first formal government in March 1949 following the first Knesset elections in January that year. It was formed as the People's Administration (Minhelet HaAm) on 12 April 1948, in preparation for independence just over a month later. All its thirteen members were taken from Moetzet HaAm, the temporary legislative body set up at the same time.

Current government
The thirty-seventh government of Israel () is the current government of Israel, which was sworn in on 29 December 2022.

See also
 Basic Law: The Government
 Israeli system of government

References

External links
 Current and past cabinets – Knesset website 
 Basic Law: The Government (2001) – Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs 

 
 
Executive branch of the government of Israel
Government of Israel
Lists of government ministers of Israel
Israel
Jean-Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes

Jean-Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes, (19 January 1668 – 1719) was a Canadian soldier, explorer, and friend to the Miami Nation.  He spent a number of years at the end of his life as an agent of New France among the Miami.

Vincennes was born in Quebec on 19 January 1668. His father, tanner François Byssot de la Rivière, was granted a seigniory for his tannery on the St. Lawrence River in 1672. The Seigniory of Vincennes was bordered by Lauzon and Beaumont.  Later, Bissot became a ward of his brother-in-law, Louis Joliet, who entered him in the seminary at Quebec.

Vincennes married Marguerite Forestier in Montreal in 1696. They had four daughters and three sons, including François-Marie.

Through the efforts of his godfather, Jean-Baptiste Talon, he secured a commission as ensign in the French marine. In 1696, the Comte de Frontenac appointed him as commander of the French outposts southeast of Lake Michigan (in present-day northeastern Indiana). Here he became good friends with the Miami people, and settled at the St. Joseph River. He returned to Montreal in 1700 with an Iowa slave, whom he had baptised as Jean-René.

In 1704, Vincennes established a trading post and fort at Kekionga, the location of present-day Fort Wayne, Indiana. The same year, the current governor-general of New France, Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, wrote the French court to emphasize the importance of Bissot's services to New France among the Miami people.

In 1712, Vincennes served as second in command at Fort Detroit. In this position, he resided with the Miami to keep them from falling under the control of the British. He helped defeat the forces of the Fox Nation and acquired a young Fox slave, whom he named François-Michel. This slave eventually was owned by his son, François-Marie Bissot.

He died in 1719 at Kekionga and was succeeded by his son as commander of the French in Miami country. After his death, a permanent garrison was established in the Maumee River area by Jacques-Charles Renaud Dubuisson.

Notes

References 

1668 births
1719 deaths
Canadian explorers
French Quebecers
People of New France
Deakin College

Deakin College (formally known as Melbourne Institute of Business and Technology), is an Australian tertiary education provider.

Deakin College has been in partnership with Deakin University since 1996. Since then, over 15,000 students have successfully transitioned from Deakin College to Deakin University.

Deakin College provides the Foundation Program which is equivalent to year 12, and university-level diplomas in the areas of business, commerce, communication, construction management, design, engineering, film, television and animation, health sciences, information technology, and science. The institute offers a pathway to Deakin University for students who do not meet the entry requirements for Deakin University's courses or as a bridge between previous studies and university. All courses are conducted on Deakin University campuses at either the Melbourne Burwood, Geelong Waterfront or Geelong Waurn Ponds, or at its Jakarta, Indonesia campus. Intakes are available three times each year (March, June and October).

The Diploma courses consist of 8 units which are equivalent to the first year of the Deakin University undergraduate degree. This means that once students successfully complete the Diploma and meet all requirements, they move into second year of the relevant university degree at Deakin University. The Masters Qualifying Program offered from 2008 to international students is a non-award program designed to provide a pathway to Deakin University's masters programs in business.

History and philosophy
The institute was established in September 1996 on Deakin University's Toorak Campus.  At the time it was recognised to provide access to post secondary education for both Australian and international students who did not qualify for direct entry into university, but who, in the right circumstances, had the capacity and motivation to complete a degree program.

The College allows students to complete their studies more flexibly, for example if they wish to fast track (eight months) their course rather than do a regular university length course (12 months). The College is now established geographically at the Deakin Campus Burwood in Building LA and the Geelong Campuses at Waurn Ponds in Building KA and waterfront in the Denny Laselles Building.

References

External links
Deakin College Home Page
Deakin College Facebook
Deakin College YouTube
Deakin University
Education in Melbourne
Enver Hoxhaj

Enver Hoxhaj (born 4 October 1969) is a Kosovar politician. He served as minister for foreign affairs of the Republic of Kosovo and a former leader of the Democratic Party of Kosovo.

Career
Hoxhaj served as a professor at the University of Pristina. He worked at WUS Austria and founded Kosovar Research and Documentation Institute. In March 2004 he joined the Democratic Party of Kosovo. He was minister of education, science and technology of the Republic of Kosovo. He served twice as the foreign minister, once from 2011 to 2014, under the mandate of the government led by Hashim Thaci, and the second time he was named as a foreign minister started in June 2016, under Prime Minister Isa Mustafa.

See also
List of foreign ministers in 2017
List of current foreign ministers

Notes

References

External links

 Ministry site 

|-

1969 births
Democratic Party of Kosovo politicians
Deputy Prime Ministers of Kosovo
Foreign ministers of Kosovo
Ministers of Education, Science and Technology (Kosovo)
Government ministers of Kosovo
Academic staff of the University of Pristina
Kosovan diplomats
Living people
People from Suva Reka
August Offensive

August Offensive may refer to:

Battle of Sari Bair, the final British offensive of the Gallipoli Campaign from 6-21 August 1915
Phase III Offensive, the third phase of the Tet Offensive, in Vietnam, from 17 August to 27 September 1968
Mani Sharma

Y. V. S. Sharma (born 11 July 1964), known professionally as Mani Sharma, is an Indian composer, singer, arranger, multi-instrumentalist and music producer
known for his works primarily in the Telugu and Tamil along with Hindi and Kannada films. He is a recipient of two state Nandi Awards, three Filmfare Awards South, two CineMAA Awards, and three Mirchi Music Awards South for Best Music Direction. His works are noted for integrating Indian classical music with electronic music, world music and traditional orchestra. He is often referred to as Melody Brahma and Swara Bramha for his melodious tunes.

Early life 
Mani Sharma was born as Yanamandra Venkata Subrahmanya Sharma on 11 July 1964 in Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh.

Career 
He has recorded several albums in his frequent collaborations with Chiranjeevi, Nandamuri Bala Krishna, Nagarjuna, Daggubati Venkatesh, Jr NTR, Mahesh Babu, Pawan Kalyan,  Vijay, Allu Arjun, Prabhas and Ram Charan.
In his early days he worked as a programmer under many music composers namely S. Rajeswara Rao, Chakravarti, Ramesh Naidu, Ilaiyaraja, Raj–Koti, M. M. Keeravani. Ram Gopal Varma recognised his talent and gave hime the opportunity to work in his film Raathri and for a tune in Antham. Choodalani undi is the first movie where he composed songs. The producer Ashwini Dutt introduced him as a full-time music composer and later went on to work with him for many films.

Many music composers such as S. Thaman, Devi Sri Prasad, Harris Jayaraj worked under him in their early days.

Discography

Telugu

Tamil

Kannada

Hindi

Background score only

Television
 2007 Suriya

Other works

References

External links 

Living people
Telugu people
Filmfare Awards South winners
Musicians from Andhra Pradesh
Kannada film score composers
Tamil film score composers
Telugu film score composers
Musicians from Chennai
20th-century Indian composers
21st-century Indian composers
Indian male musicians
Indian male composers
Indian multi-instrumentalists
Indian film score composers
People from Andhra Pradesh
People from Krishna district
1964 births
20th-century male singers
21st-century male singers
Everard Green

Everard Green, FSA (1844 – 1926) was an English officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. He began his heraldic career in 1893 with his appointment as Rouge Dragon Pursuivant of Arms in Ordinary. He continued in this post until 9 October 1911 when he was appointed Somerset Herald of Arms in Ordinary.  He continued in this office until his death on 22 June 1926.

Green was born in 1844, the son of Charles and Mary Green, at Holdich House, Spalding.

See also
 Heraldry
 Pursuivant
 Herald

References

 The College of Arms
 CUHAGS Officer of Arms Index

1844 births
1926 deaths
English genealogists
English officers of arms
People educated at St Edmund's College, Ware
Bush mechanic

A bush mechanic (Australian slang) is somebody who out of necessity and with immediate available materials, is able to solve practical problems using sometimes untraditional and inventive techniques. Generally an inventive technique is required due to the lack of proper resources or the other constraints in solving the problem using traditional means (for example, using a tree branch to fix a broken axle).

Bush mechanics may also be known as "bushies".

The bush mechanic promotes competent behaviour and has a strong emphasis on practical knowledge and wisdom instead of technical skills. 

The 2001 Australian television show Bush Mechanics displayed bush mechanic skills used by a group of Indigenous men from Warlpiri Country as they travelled through the rugged central region of Australia.

See also 
Culture of Australia
Shadetree mechanic
Bush Mechanics, the Australian television documentary series (2001)
MacGyver
 Bush flying
 Bush plane

References

External links 
Bush Mechanics Site

Australian slang
Mechanics (trade)
Australian outback
Rural culture in Oceania
Aviation in Australia
District Council of Franklin Harbour

The District Council of Franklin Harbour is a local government area in South Australia on the Eyre Peninsula. Cowell is the major population centre of an agricultural district based on farming wheat and sheep, supplemented by a fishing and oyster farming industries. The district's coastal towns including Cowell and Lucky Bay attract large numbers of tourists during school holidays, with the new Spencer Gulf ferry service increasing traffic to these areas since 2006.

History
Franklin Harbour itself was first sighted by Matthew Flinders in 1802 and subsequently named after his midshipman and nephew, John Franklin, by Governor George Gawler in 1840. The first settlers to the region arrived in 1853, with more following soon afterward.

The District Council was proclaimed in 1888. In 2014, the Hundreds of Mangalo and Heggaton were transferred from the Franklin Harbour council to the District Council of Cleve.

Localities

The district's focal point is the town of Cowell; it also includes the localities of Lucky Bay, Midgee, Miltalie, Minbrie, Mitchellville and Port Gibbon.

Facilities
The town of Cowell has most of the normal facilities of a larger town including accommodation, supermarket, petrol station, hotel and a number of food supplying shops.

Educationally, the district is served by Cowell Area School, which includes a school-community library; with a district hospital and clinic to cover the district's health needs. A number of churches also serve the district.

There are a number of sporting clubs including cricket, football, netball, golf and bowls along with playing facilities for each sport. Cowell also has an all weather boat ramp for those with boats, as well as a jetty.

Elected Members

Chairmen and mayors of Franklin Harbour

 Frank Laurie Williams (1925-1927) 
 Earnest Perry Smith (1932-1939) 
 John Taylor Forth (1939-1941) 
 Frank Laurie Williams (1941-1945) 
 John Pellew Story (1945-1947) 
 Sidney Gordon Clothier (1947-1960) 
 Harold Alwin Schiller (1960-1967) 
 William James Martin Cooper (1967-1973) 
 John Arthur Burton (1973-1980) 
 Dudley John Kaden (1981-?)

References

External links
Council website
LGA Website

Franklin Harbour
Eyre Peninsula
1888 establishments in Australia
Listowel Castle

Listowel Castle, located near the town of Listowel, County Kerry in Ireland, was built in the 15th century. The castle is a noted example of Anglo-Norman architecture in County Kerry, and has been the subject of several restoration projects. It is now protected as a national monument, and is open to the public for tours on a daily basis.

History
Built in the 15th century, Listowel Castle was the last bastion against Queen Elizabeth I in the First Desmond Rebellion, and was the last fortress of the Geraldines to be subdued. It fell, after 28 days siege, to Sir Charles Wilmot on 5 November 1568; he had the castle's garrison executed in the following days. Another Anglo-Norman castle at Woodford, Listowel, was built in the post-1600 period by the Knight of Kerry.

The castle became the property of the Hare family, the holders of the title of Earl of Listowel, after reverting away from the Fitzmaurices, Knights of Kerry. 

In 2005, restoration works were commenced by the Office of Public Works. The stonework has been cleaned by a team of craftsmen, while the upper section, which had become particularly distressed with the passing of time, was restored and rendered waterproof. An external staircase, in keeping with the architecture of the structure, was erected to enable the public to access the upper stories.

Structure
The remaining remnants of the castle include two of its original four towers, which are joined by a heavy curtain wall, and the unusual feature of an arch below the battlements.  Archaeological excavations and records of the castle reveal that it was originally of similar form to Bunratty Castle, County Clare.

The Seanchaí Literary Centre, which is adjacently located in a Georgian town house, includes displays on the castle's history.

References

Sources 
 Heritage Ireland: Listowel Castle

Castles in County Kerry
Listowel
National Monuments in County Kerry
Ruins in the Republic of Ireland
Funicular dos Guindais

The Guindais Funicular () is a funicular railway in the civil parish of Cedofeita, Santo Ildefonso, Sé, Miragaia, São Nicolau e Vitória, Portuguese municipality of Porto.

History

The original line was inaugurated on 3 June 1891. Almost exactly 2 years later, on 5 June 1893, there was an accident caused by excess velocity, and the funicular car was decommissioned. 

The former "House" of the funicular railway was by 1893 occupied by an atelier operated by sculptor Henrique Moreira. It was later remodelled to function as a meeting hall for local Jehovah's Witnesses.

As part of a larger initiative to improve the transport infrastructure of Porto, a new funicular and station was inaugurated on 19 February 2004, following the same line as before.

Architecture
The funicular is situated along the wall of Freiras, running down a steep cliff between the quay at Guindais and Rua da Batalha (terminating at building of the Civil Governor). 

Owned and operated by the Porto Metro, the single-track funicular uses a central loop system that is  long, allowing it to descend , with the upper  situated within the passenger tunnel, with the markedly steep gradient in the section below the passing loop. Two vehicles run the course, with a capacity for 25 persons each, operating at a maximum speed of . Due to the difference in slope along the line, the cars have self-levelling platforms, allowing the car floor to maintain itself horizontal no matter the track incline. Although the journey is short (approximately 3 minutes) after emerging from the upper tunnel, passengers are able to view the landscape from the Dom Luís I Bridge, the river margins (including both quays along Ribeira and Cais de Gaia and the Port wine warehouses and traditional boats along the Douro River.

The service is commonly used by locals/commuters to access the river and metro services, including the metro at São Bento: the service runs from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. on weekdays, with extended hours to midnight on weekends and holidays.

Gallery

See also 
 List of funicular railways
 Porto Metro
 Trams in Porto

References

Sources

External links 
Porto Funicular fan site

Porto Metro
Funicular Guindais
Transport infrastructure in Porto
1891 establishments in Portugal
Putsuri

Putsuri is a village in Manteswar CD block in Kalna subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal, India.

Demographics
As per the 2011 Census of India Putsuri had a total population of 6,806, of which 3,448 (51%) were males and 3,358 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 817. The total number of literates in Putsuri was 4,120 (68.79% of the population over 6 years).

Transport
Approx. 35 km from the nearest railway station at Memari on Howrah-Bardhaman main line. Mode of travel - bus or car from Memari station.

Education
Putsuri Iswar Prasanna Institution, a coeducational higher secondary school, is affiliated with West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education for higher secondary classes. Putsuri Girls’ High School is affiliated with the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education.

Culture
Putsuri is famous for its special type of sweets "Monda". Many people come from far away places to buy "Monda". Sada's monda is very special among all the "Monda" shops. 
Baba Thakur's (Panchanan) mandir is one of the attraction for the tourist coming here specially Tuesday and Saturday.

Healthcare
There is a primary health centre at Putsuri.

References 

Villages in Purba Bardhaman district
Gottesman–Knill theorem

In quantum computing, the Gottesman–Knill theorem is a theoretical result by Daniel Gottesman and Emanuel Knill that states that stabilizer circuits, circuits that only consist of gates from the normalizer of the qubit Pauli group, also called Clifford group, can be perfectly simulated in polynomial time on a probabilistic classical computer. The Clifford group can be generated solely by using CNOT, Hadamard, and phase gate S; and therefore stabilizer circuits can be constructed using only these gates. 

The reason for the speed up of quantum computers is not yet fully understood. The theorem proves that, for all quantum algorithms with a speed up that relies on entanglement which can be achieved with a CNOT and a Hadamard gate to produce entangled states, this kind of entanglement alone does not give any computing advantage.

There exists a more efficient simulation of stabilizer circuits than the construction of the original publication with an implementation.

The Gottesman–Knill theorem was published in a single author paper by Gottesman in which he credits Knill with the result through private communication.

Formal statement
Theorem:  A quantum circuit using only the following elements can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer:
 Preparation of qubits in computational basis states,
 Clifford gates (Hadamard gates, controlled NOT gates, phase gate S ), and
 Measurements in the computational basis.

The Gottesman–Knill theorem shows that even some highly entangled states can be simulated efficiently. Several important types of quantum algorithms use only Clifford gates, most importantly the standard algorithms for entanglement distillation and for quantum error correction. From a practical point of view, stabilizer circuits have been simulated in  time using the graph state formalism.

See also 
 Magic state distillation

References

 
 
 

Quantum information science
Venus Isle

Venus Isle is the third studio album by guitarist Eric Johnson, released on September 3, 1996, through Capitol Records. The album reached No. 51 on the U.S. Billboard 200, the highest position in Johnson's career, and remained on that chart for six weeks. "Pavilion" was released as a single and reached No. 33 on Billboard'''s Mainstream Rock chart, while its B-side "S.R.V." is a tribute to guitarist Stevie Ray Vaughan and features his elder brother Jimmie Vaughan as a guest soloist. "Camel's Night Out" is featured as downloadable content for the video game Guitar Hero World Tour (2008) and can also be exported to Guitar Hero 5 (2009).

The album's original title was to be Travel One Hope, but this was changed at the last minute by Capitol for "being too oblique." Advance promotional CDs of Travel One Hope have since become a collector's item.

Critical reception

Stephen Thomas Erlewine at AllMusic gave Venus Isle three stars out of five, describing Johnson as a "consummate guitarist" and "a joy to hear him play". However, he criticized the album for not breaking any new ground following the six-year gap from its 1990 predecessor Ah Via Musicom, remarking that it "reveals no new insights about the guitarist, it only offers a new spin on the territory Ah! Via Musicom'' covered."

Track listing

Personnel

Eric Johnson – lead vocals (tracks 1–3, 5, 9), guitar (all tracks), guitar synthesizer, synthesizer (track 2), piano, electric sitar, arrangement, engineering, production
Amit Chatterjee – vocals (tracks 1, 3)
Christopher Cross – vocals (tracks 3, 5)
Jimmie Vaughan – additional guitar solos (track 4)
Steve Barber – synthesizer (tracks 1–5, 8–10), Hammond B3, arrangement
Tommy Taylor – drums (tracks 1–7, 9–11), percussion (tracks 3, 11), arrangement
Bill Maddox – drums (track 8), engineering
James Fenner – percussion (tracks 2, 5, 6)
Chris Searles – percussion (tracks 3, 5)
Kyle Brock – bass (tracks 1, 2, 4, 5–7, 10), arrangement
Roscoe Beck – bass (tracks 3, 9, 10, 11), engineering
Chris Maresh – bass (track 8)
Richard Kilmer – strings (track 5)
Bruce Williams – strings (track 5)
Jennifer Bourianoff – strings (track 5)
Anthony Stogner – strings (track 5)
Scott McIntosh – trumpet
Vince Mariani – arrangement
Richard Mullen – engineering, mixing, production
John Fannin – engineering
Ethridge Hill – engineering
Malcolm Harper – engineering
John Aguto – engineering
Jeff Poe – engineering
Stuart Sullivan – engineering
Mark Hallman – engineering
John Moran – engineering
James Hoover – engineering
Jeff DeMorris – mixing assistance
Jim Champagne – mixing assistance
Brad Haehnel – mixing assistance
Allen Sides – mixing assistance
Bernie Grundman – mastering
Jimmy McKeever – mastering assistance

Chart performance

Album

Singles

References

External links
In Review: Eric Johnson "Venus Isle" at Guitar Nine Records

Eric Johnson albums
1996 albums
Capitol Records albums
Albums recorded at A&M Studios
Athan

Athan is a Greek male given name, which means "eternal life" or "immortal". It can be a variant of Athanasios, and is of rising popularity among younger Greek parents. The name Athan may refer to:

People
Athan Catjakis (1931-2022), American politician
Athan Iannucci (born 1982), Canadian lacrosse player.
Athan Karras (1927–2010), American dancer and dance instructor
Athan Maroulis (born 1964), American singer and actor
Athan Theoharis (1936–2021), American historian

See also
Athanase
Athanasius (disambiguation)
Ethan
St Athan

References

Greek masculine given names
Masculine given names
Diddy Men

The Diddy Men are a mythical race whose invention is often attributed to the Liverpudlian comedian  Ken Dodd. However, they have existed in Merseyside mythology for much longer and, along with the Treacle and Jam Butty Mines of Knotty Ash, had been referred to in the earlier act of another Liverpool comedian, Arthur Askey. When Ken Dodd began playing seaside resorts, he made famous his home area of Knotty Ash in Liverpool and popularised a miniature race of people who inhabited it. Diddy is an informal British word for "little".

The Diddy Men were originally an unseen joke but after a while began to appear on stage with Dodd, delighting children in the audience. They also appeared in Dodd's BBC television programmes in the 1960s, as Marionettes. The Diddy Men tend to wear slightly oversized adult clothes in flamboyant style including tall furry hats.

Diddy Men characters
The Diddy Men include: Dicky Mint, Mick the Marmaliser, Stephen "Tich" Doyle, Little Evan, Hamish McDiddy, Nigel Ponsonby-Smallpiece, Nicky Nugget, Ben "Tiny Ween" Winston, Sid Short and Smarty Arty. Diminutive British disc jockey David Hamilton, who appeared regularly on Dodd's television shows, acquired the nickname 'Diddy David' which has stayed with him to this day. The original Mick the Marmaliser was the ten-year-old daughter of Little Jimmy, who appeared at the Blackpool Tower Circus with Charlie Cairoli and Paul.
The Jam Butty Mines in Knotty Ash were where the Diddy Men worked.

The Song of the Diddy Men
The Diddy Men have a song, once released as a single, titled "The Song of the Diddy Men", sung in a high pitched, chipmunk style voice. It includes the chorus: "We are the Diddy Men, Doddy's dotty Diddy Men, We are the Diddy Men who come from Knotty Ash". Another song "Doddy's Diddy Party" featured the refrain - "tonight's the night the Diddy Men paint the town, we'll lose our blues, and let our Diddy hair down". There were several other songs including "Diddycombe Fair" - a spoof of the well-known West Country song "Widecombe Fair".

Actors
On stage the Diddy Men are normally played by children or adults with dwarfism. On TV and in some stage performances, Dodd used a ventriloquist's puppet of the Dicky Mint character. These days  the Diddy Men are rarely seen outside pantomime season. Carol Vorderman, of Countdown fame, played a Diddy Man as a child.

References

Fictional dwarves
Sumitomo Realty & Development

Sumitomo Realty & Development Co., Ltd. is a Japanese real estate development company headquartered in Shinjuku, Tokyo. It is a member of the Sumitomo Group.

It is one of the three largest real estate developers in Japan, alongside Mitsubishi Estate and Mitsui Fudosan. As of 2018, it has the second-largest real estate portfolio in Japan (after Mitsubishi), with a total value of 5.7 trillion yen.

History 

The company was founded as Izumi Real Estate Co., Ltd. in 1949 following the dissolution of the Sumitomo conglomerate. It adopted its current name in 1957.

From the early 1960s, Sumitomo was active in developing and selling condominium properties.

Sumitomo Realty held its initial public offering on the Tokyo and Osaka stock exchanges in 1970.

The company's first high-rise project was the Shinjuku Sumitomo Building, completed in 1974. This building became the company's head office. At the time of its completion, it was the tallest building in Tokyo (but was overtaken by the nearby Shinjuku Mitsui Building several months later), and its elevators were the fastest in the world.

Sumitomo entered the real estate leasing and brokerage businesses in the late 1970s; commercial and residential leasing now accounts for the majority of its income.

The company's headquarters moved to the 30-story Shinjuku NS Building (a Sumitomo-developed property) in 1982.

Sumitomo actively invested in California and Hawaii real estate during the 1970s. In 1987, Sumitomo acquired the Tishman Building at 666 Fifth Avenue in New York City, which it sold at a loss in 1998. In 1989, Sumitomo acquired the JW Marriott hotel in Century City, Los Angeles for $85 million. Sumitomo also set up subsidiaries in Washington, D.C. and Sydney during the 1980s.

In the mid-1990s, Sumitomo began a home renovation and remodeling business known as Shinchiku Sokkurisan.

Historically, Sumitomo has followed a policy of never selling the properties that it develops.

Notable properties

Office towers 
Sumitomo owns around 220 office buildings in Tokyo, most of which are located in the city's seven central wards. Its largest developments include:

Shinjuku Sumitomo Building (1974)
Shinjuku NS Building (1982)
Izumi Garden Tower (2002)
Shinjuku Oak City (2003)
Tokyo Shiodome Building (2004)
City Tower Takanawa (2004)
Shinjuku Grand Tower (2011)
Tokyo Nihombashi Tower (2015)
Roppongi Grand Tower (2016)

Hotels 
Sumitomo Realty operates the Hotel Villa Fontaine chain, which has a total of 15 properties in Japan (Tokyo, Kobe and Osaka).

References

External links 

Official website

Japanese companies established in 1949
Real estate companies established in 1949
Sumitomo Group
Real estate companies based in Tokyo
Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
1970s initial public offerings
Oring

Oring may refer to:
O-ring, a gasket or seal with an O-shaped cross-section
O-ring chain, a specialized type of roller chain
Oring language, in Nigeria
Orienteering
Fox Oring
OR-ing as an operation of logical disjunction, in logic, electronics, or computer science
Ring of O, the BDSM jewelry
O-Ring theory of economic development
O-Ring failure as a cause of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
O ring (smoke), trick while exhaling smoke