alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Godfrey Timmins

Godfrey Timmins (6 September 1927 – 11 April 2001) was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served in Dáil Éireann from 1968 to 1987 and from 1989 to 1997.

Early and personal life
Born in Weaver's Square, Baltinglass, County Wicklow, he was the eldest of four children. His father had been a Sinn Féin representative on the Baltinglass Board of Guardians, one of three Benchmen in the Republican court during the Irish War of Independence, a pro-Treaty Cumann na nGaedheal supporter, and later a Fine Gael Councillor. His mother Kitty (née Godfrey) was a native of Ballyhaunis, County Mayo. He was known by his mother's maiden surname, Godfrey, to distinguish him from his father.

He attended secondary school at the Patrician College, Tullow and later at Naas Christian Brothers School. After finishing school he worked in the family business and as a farmer and butcher in Baltinglass.

He was a keen Gaelic footballer. In 1946 he was the Baltinglass club delegate to the Wicklow County GAA Board. He served as Chairman of the local club from 1952 to 1970 and club President from 1971 until his death in 2001.

Political career
Timmins became active in politics with Fine Gael. In the local elections of 1950 he succeeded in being the only Fine Gael candidate elected to Wicklow County Council. He was re-elected at each subsequent local election, and was a member of the council for 49 years. He held the position of Chairman on the Council on four occasions (1975, 1978, 1981 and 1996).

He also served on the county council's committee on Agriculture, Wicklow VEC and the Eastern Health Board.

Timmins was elected to the 18th Dáil as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) for the Wicklow constituency at the April 1968 by-election caused by the death of Labour Party TD James Everett. He was re-elected at each subsequent general election until he lost in 1987. Refusing to stand for the Seanad, he regained his seat at the next general election and remained as a TD until he retired at the 1997 general election. He was succeeded in Dáil Éireann by his son Billy Timmins.

During his time in the Dáil he served as a member of the Committee on Procedure and Privileges, the Committee of Selection and the Committee of Accounts. He was Fine Gael Chief Whip from 1972 to 1973.

He collapsed and died while attending a GAA match in Dunlavin in April 2001. He left an estate worth €3.5m in 2003.

See also
Families in the Oireachtas

References

1927 births
2001 deaths
Fine Gael TDs
Gaelic games club administrators
Gaelic games players from County Wicklow
Irish sportsperson-politicians
Members of Wicklow County Council
Members of the 18th Dáil
Members of the 19th Dáil
Members of the 20th Dáil
Members of the 21st Dáil
Members of the 22nd Dáil
Members of the 23rd Dáil
Members of the 24th Dáil
Members of the 26th Dáil
Members of the 27th Dáil
Zhou Tiehai

Zhou Tiehai (; born 1966) is a contemporary Chinese artist. Trained as a painter in his native Shanghai, Zhou co-founded Shanghai's first international art fair, SH Contemporary, in 2007, assumed the directorship of the Minsheng Art Museum in 2010, and founded West Bund Art & Design in 2014.

Artistic career

Zhou's art work often attempts to satirize much of modern Chinese art. He does not paint his own works, though he earned a M.F.A. from the School of Fine Arts at Shanghai University in 1989. He was quick to perceive the subtle colonialism that undergirded the Chinese art world of the early 1990s.

Zhou takes on the role of both artist and patron, as many of his airbrush paintings are rendered by assistants under his supervision. A typical process for Zhou Tiehai is to conceptualize a work, realize it on the computer, then rely upon the help of assistants to physically create it. He is mostly known for appropriating the Camel advertising character that he calls Joe Camel (playing on his family name "Zhou") and making large paintings that reference famous western motifs from art history.

Even though Zhou's work is exhibited widely in China and abroad, he does not produce any new work.

Museum Director

In 2009, Zhou was appointed Director of the Minsheng Art Museum in Shanghai.

West Bund Art & Design

In 2014, Zhou founded West Bund Art & Design and serve as Artistic Director. For Zhou, the continuously uncertain and evolving status of art in Shanghai—conveyed by the provisional material nature of this collage—is rich with possibility.

External links
Zhou Tiehai at 88MoCCA - The Museum of Chinese contemporary art on the web
 Homepage
 http://www.shanghart.com/artists/zhoutiehai/ex.htm
 Official website

References

Living people
1966 births
Artists from Shanghai
Kay Bluhm

Kay Bluhm (born 13 October 1968 in Brandenburg) is an East German-German sprint canoer who competed from the late 1980s to the late 1990s. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he won three golds (K-2 500 m: 1992, 1996; K-2 1000 m: 1992), one silver (K-2 1000 m: 1996), and one bronze (K-4 1000 m: 1988).

Bluhm also won fourteen medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with seven golds (K-2 500 m: 1989, 1993, 1994; K-2 1000 m: 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993), four silvers (K-1 500 m: 1989, K-2 500 m: 1991, K-2 1000 m: 1995, K-2 10000 m: 1991), and three bronzes (K-2 200 m: 1994, K-2 500 m: 1990, K-4 1000 m: 1990).

References

External links
 
 

1968 births
Living people
German male canoeists
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
Olympic canoeists for East Germany
Olympic bronze medalists for East Germany
Olympic canoeists for Germany
Olympic gold medalists for Germany
Olympic silver medalists for Germany
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Canoeists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Fort Scott Municipal Airport

Fort Scott Municipal Airport  is a city-owned public-use airport located four miles (6 km) southwest of the central business district of Fort Scott, a city in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States.

Facilities and aircraft 
Fort Scott Municipal Airport covers an area of  which contains one asphalt paved runway (18/36) measuring 4,403 x 75 ft (1,342 x 23 m). For the 12-month period ending May 10, 2006, the airport had 10,980 aircraft operations, an average of 30 per day: 96% general aviation, 2% air taxi and 2% military. At that time there were 18 aircraft based at this airport: 67% single-engine and 33% multi-engine.

References

External links

Airports in Kansas
Buildings and structures in Bourbon County, Kansas
Group Home

Group Home is a hip hop duo, composed of members Lil' Dap (birth name James Heath; b. March 6, 1972) and Melachi the Nutcracker (birth name Jamal Felder; b. October 5, 1977). They came to prominence as members of the Gang Starr Foundation. Lil' Dap made his rhyming debut on Gang Starr's 1992 classic Daily Operation on the song "I'm the Man". Both members appeared on Gang Starr's critically acclaimed 1994 effort Hard to Earn, on the tracks "Speak Ya Clout" and "Words from the Nutcracker". In 1995, the group released its debut album, Livin' Proof. The album was very well received, mainly due to DJ Premier's advanced production work, described by Allmusic as "rhythmic masterpieces". A second album A Tear for the Ghetto was released in 1999, this time with only one track produced by DJ Premier.

Since then, little has been heard of the group. Lil' Dap released a solo single, "Brooklyn Zone", in 2001, and guested on several other releases. , Lil' Dap is an independent artist. He released in 2008 a solo album called I.A.Dap. In 1996 they toured with Cypress Hill and Brotherhood in London, UK. In 2008 they featured with Clipse at the Highline Ballroom in New York. In 2017 they performed at the OUT4FAME Festival in Germany and the Royal Arena Festival in the UK.

Discography

References

External links
Group Home at discogs.com

African-American musical groups
Musical duos from New York (state)
Five percenters
American hip hop duos
Rappers from Brooklyn
Hip hop groups from New York City
Hardcore hip hop groups
FFRR Records artists
Gang Starr Foundation members
Boston Acoustics

Boston Acoustics was an American manufacturer of home and mobile audio equipment founded in 1979. The company produced speakers for home, custom/architectural, and car audio.

History
Advent veterans Andy Kotsatos (known as Andy Petite) and Frank Reed founded the company in 1979. Andy Kotsatos was known as Andy Petite. His grandfather immigrated to the United States and worked as a waiter in a French restaurant. Because of his small stature, the rest of the staff named him Le Petit: French for small. Eventually bending to the social pressure to Americanize, he changed his name from Kostatsos to Petite. After founding Boston Acoustics and achieving success with the company,  Petite changed his name back to Kotsatos.

The first Boston  Acoustics speaker was called the A-200: a floor standing, very wide speaker, designed to minimize diffraction despite its very narrow depth. It was followed by the A150 floor standing speaker, and the A-70.  Boston Acoustics marketed these speakers to audio specialty retailers and became highly respected for producing premium quality sound at very reasonable prices. The Boston-area retail chain Tweeter was one of the first and largest stores to sell them. 

Boston Acoustics entered the mobile audio category in 1983.

Boston produced speakers for home, custom/architectural, and vehicles. They also produced OEM equipment factory-fitted to a variety of cars including Chrysler 300, Chrysler 200, Chrysler PT Cruiser, Chrysler Sebring, Dodge Avenger, Dodge Charger, Dodge Challenger, Dodge Magnum, Dodge Caliber, Jeep Commander, Jeep Grand Cherokee, Jeep Patriot and Jeep Compass vehicles. They also supplied the premium 9-speaker system in the 2010 Chevrolet Camaro.

Boston Acoustics has produced home loudspeakers such as the E, HD, VR-M, VR, CR, Micro Reference, and Lynnfield Series, and on the mobile side Pro, Z, and SPZ reference component speakers.

In August 2005, D&M Holdings acquired Boston Acoustics. In March 2017, Sound United LLC acquired D+M Holdings.

As of October 17, 2018, Boston Acoustics products were still available on Amazon.com and other retail sites.

As inventory depleted, Sound United (the parent company of Denon, Polk Audio, Marantz, Bowers & Wilkins, Definitive Technology, Heos, Boston Acoustics, and Classe), let Boston Acoustics fade away. Currently, Sound United maintains the brand name, but no engineering is budgeted and there is no future production planned for Boston Acoustics. Their last series included the A25 bookshelf speakers and A360 towers.

At a Sound United national meeting in New Orleans, they announced plans to also acquire Pioneer, Onkyo and Integra, plus US marketing of TEAC and high end Esoteric brands. The Onkyo/Integra/Pioneer deal fell through. In June 2021, the Onkyo brands were instead acquired by Voxx International in a joint venture with Sharp Corporation.

References

External links

Loudspeaker manufacturers
Companies based in Peabody, Massachusetts
Audio equipment manufacturers of the United States
In-car entertainment
Millennium Hall

Millennium Hall may refer to:

Millenium Hall, or A Description of Millenium Hall and the Country Adjacent, a 1762 novel by Sarah Scott
 Millennium Hall, one of several buildings funded by the Millennium Commission to celebrate the turn of the millennium

See also

Millennium Centre (disambiguation)
Clearfield High School

Clearfield High School is a secondary school in Clearfield, Utah, United States. It is part of the Davis School District. The school's mascot is the peregrine falcon, and its colors are green and white with an accent of gold. In 1960-61 students opened the doors of the new Clearfield High School, with the first class graduating in spring 1963. The current principal is Chris Keime.

Athletics

Clearfield High participates in many sports. It has teams that compete in baseball, basketball, cross-country, football, golf, soccer, softball, swimming, track, tennis, volleyball, and wrestling.

Notable alumni
 Andre Dyson, defensive back (NFL)
 Kevin Dyson, wide receiver (NFL)
 Ken Gardner, retired professional basketball player
Brandon Mitchell, member of the Idaho House of Representatives
 Dallon Weekes, former member of Panic! at the Disco and frontman of the music duo I Don't Know How But They Found Me.

References

External links

Clearfield High School homepage

Public high schools in Utah
Schools in Davis County, Utah
International Baccalaureate schools in Utah
Buildings and structures in Davis County, Utah
Clearfield, Utah
Libycosaurus

Libycosaurus ("Lizard of Libya")  was one of the last anthracothere genera.   It lived from the Middle to the Late Miocene, and ranged throughout Central and Northern Africa, and in Uganda, in what was then a lush, marshy environment.

References

Anthracotheres
Miocene even-toed ungulates
Miocene mammals of Africa
Fossil taxa described in 1947
Prehistoric even-toed ungulate genera
Fossils of Libya
Fossils of Uganda
Magny-en-Vexin

Magny-en-Vexin (, literally Magny in Vexin) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise département in Île-de-France in northern France. It is located in the .

Population

Education
Public schools:
 Groupe Scolaire de l'Aubette: École Maternelle Albert Schweitzer and École Élémentaire Victor Schoelcher- Tél. : 01 34 67 27 60
 Groupe Scolaire du Centre: École Maternelle Paul Eluard  and École Élémentaire Anne Frank
 École Élémentaire Jean Moulin is in the Regroupement scolaire des quartiers d'Arthieul et de Blamécourt 
 One junior high school, Collège Claude Monet.

École Maternelle et Elémentaire Marie-Thérèse/Collège Marie Thérèse is a private school in the commune.

Public high schools in the vicinity:
 Lycée Jules Verne - Cergy
 Lycée Polyvalent Galilée - Cergy
 Lycée d’Enseignement Professionnel de Chars - Chars
 Lycée d’Enseignement Professionnel d’Éragny - Éragny
 Lycée Polyvalent de Jouy le Moutier - Jouy le Moutier
 Lycée Polyvalent d'Osny - Osny
 Lycée Alfred Kastler de Cergy-Pontoise - Pontoise
 Lycée Camille Pissarro - Pontoise
 Lycée Technique Jean Perrin - Saint Ouen l'Aumône
 Lycée Professionnel Industriel d'Epluches - Saint Ouen l'Aumône
 Lycée Camille Claudel - Vauréal

Private high schools in the vicinity (all in Pontoise):
 Lycée Notre Dame de la Compassion
 Lycée Vauban
 École Saint Martin de France

See also
Vexin
Communes of the Val-d'Oise department
Chipping Norton, twin town of Magny-en-Vexin.

References

External links
Official website 

Association of Mayors of the Val d'Oise 

Communes of Val-d'Oise
Burial sites of the House of Valois-Angoulême
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

is a scientific journal, which was founded in 1926 by the Chemical Society of Japan. It publishes accounts, articles, and short articles in the fields of theoretical and physical chemistry, analytical and inorganic chemistry, organic and biological chemistry, and applied and materials chemistry.

Due to World War II publication was suspended between 1945 and 1946. It is published in both a print edition and an online edition.

External links
 Homepage of the Chemical Society of Japan

References

Chemistry journals
Academic journals established in 1926
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies
Chemical Society of Japan
NSA Suite A Cryptography

NSA Suite A Cryptography is NSA cryptography which "contains classified algorithms that will not be released." "Suite A will be used for the protection of some categories of especially sensitive information (a small percentage of the overall national security-related information assurance market)."

Incomplete list of Suite A algorithms:
 ACCORDION
 BATON
 CDL 1
 CDL 2
 FFC
 FIREFLY
 JOSEKI
 KEESEE
 MAYFLY
 MEDLEY
 MERCATOR
 SAVILLE
 SHILLELAGH
 WALBURN
 WEASEL

See also
Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite
NSA Suite B Cryptography

References 

General
 NSA Suite B Cryptography / Cryptographic Interoperability

Cryptography standards
National Security Agency cryptography
Standards of the United States
Pir Chinasi

Pir Chinasi (also spelled as Peer Chinasi) is a shrine and a tourist destination located about  east of Muzaffarabad, the capital city of Azad Kashmir administered by Pakistan. It is located on the top of hills at the height of . The mountain peak has gained large fame for its ziyarat of a famous saint, Sayed Hussain Shah Bukhari.

This place is also visited by tourists, for the view of Muzaffarabad and rural areas around the hidden city. The area is also famous for paragliding and snow cross jeep rallies.

References

Muzaffarabad District
Tourist attractions in Azad Kashmir
Nu Boötis

The Bayer designation Nu Boötis (ν Boo / ν Boötis) is shared by two star systems, in the constellation Boötes:
ν1 Boötis
ν2 Boötis

They are separated by 0.17° on the sky. They have almost identical visual magnitudes, but contrasting colours: ν1 is a yellow giant star, while ν2 is a close binary with two white main sequence stars.

Both stars were members of asterism 七公 (Qī Gōng), Seven Excellencies, Heavenly Market enclosure.

Ptolemy considered Nu Boötis to be shared by Hercules, and Bayer assigned it a designation in both constellations:  Nu Boötis (ν Boo) and Psi Herculis (ψ Her).  When the modern constellation boundaries were fixed in 1930, the latter designation dropped from use.

References

Bootis, Nu
Boötes
Eothyrididae

Eothyrididae is an extinct family of very primitive, insectivorous synapsids. Only three genera are known, Eothyris, Vaughnictis and Oedaleops, all from the early Permian of North America. Their main distinguishing feature is the large caniniform tooth in front of the maxilla.

Eothyridids share with the Caseidae a number of specialised features associated with the morphology of the snout and external naris and it is likely that their common ancestor was close in build to Eothyris. The two together form the clade Caseasauria.

Eothyris is known from a single skull specimen; Oedaleops is known from three partial skulls and some parts of some limbs. Vaughnictis is known from a partial skull, six dorsal vertebrae and some hind-limb bones. The skulls are approximately six centimeters in length, suggesting that the total length of the animals was under one meter.

The species were found in the lower Permian in what is today North America. In modern cladistics, the Eothyrididae are considered to be a basal group within the Caseasauria. Caseasauria forms a sister group of the Eupelycosauria, out of which the therapsids evolved.

See also
 Evolution of mammals

References
 Carroll, R. L. (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, WH Freeman & Co.
 Reisz, R. R., 1986, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie – Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 17A Pelycosauria Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 
 Romer, AS & Price L.I (1940), Review of the Pelycosauria. Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Papers 28: 1–538.
 Brocklehurst, N., Reisz, R. R., Fernandez, V. & Fröbisch, J. (2016) A Re-Description of 'Mycterosaurus' smithae, an Early Permian Eothyridid, and Its Impact on the Phylogeny of Pelycosaurian-Grade Synapsids. PlosOne'' 11:e0156810.

External links
Tree of Life
Palaeos Vertebrates 390.100 Synapsida
Kheper.net
The Paleobiology Database

Caseasaurs
Prehistoric synapsid families
Taxa named by Llewellyn Ivor Price
Taxa named by Alfred Romer
Herington Regional Airport

Herington Regional Airport  is a public use airport in Morris County, Kansas, United States. The airport is owned by the City of Herington and is located seven nautical miles (8 mi, 13 km) northeast of its central business district. Although the airport is in Morris County, most of Herington is located in Dickinson County. Previously known as Herington Municipal Airport, the airport is located on the site of the former Herington Army Airfield. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

This airport is assigned a three-letter location identifier of HRU by the Federal Aviation Administration, but it does not have an International Air Transport Association (IATA) airport code.

History 
During World War II, the facility was known as Herington Army Airfield and was used as a United States Army Air Forces Second Air Force as a staging area for overseas deployment of heavy bombers and their crews. These bombers included the models B-17, B-24, and B-29. The facilities at the field included runways, hangars, fuel storage tanks, barracks, administration buildings, and other related structures necessary for airfield operations. Construction started in 1942, and the field was completed over a 14-month period.

In 1945 Herington AAF was deactivated and then declared surplus in 1946. All the property was eventually disposed of and became the Herington Municipal Airport.

Facilities and aircraft 
Herington Regional Airport covers an area of 1,709 acres (692 ha) at an elevation of 1,481 feet (451 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 17/35 with a concrete surface measuring 4,184 by 75 feet (1,275 x 23 m).

For the 12-month period ending July 23, 2009, the airport had 12,600 aircraft operations, an average of 34 per day: 92% general aviation and 8% military. At that time there were 11 aircraft based at this airport: 82% single-engine and 18% ultralight.

References

External links 
 Aerial image as of October 1991 from USGS The National Map
 
 

Airports in Kansas
Buildings and structures in Morris County, Kansas
Airports established in 1943
1943 establishments in Kansas
Coppock curve

The Coppock curve or Coppock indicator is a technical analysis indicator for long-term stock market investors created by E.S.C. Coppock, first published in Barron's Magazine on October 15, 1962.

The indicator is designed for use on a monthly time scale.  It is the sum of a 14-month rate of change and 11-month rate of change, smoothed by a 10-period weighted moving average.

 .

Coppock, the founder of Trendex Research in San Antonio, Texas, was an economist. He had been asked by the Episcopal Church to identify buying opportunities for long-term investors.  He thought market downturns were like bereavements and required a period of mourning.  He asked the church bishops how long that normally took for people, their answer was 11 to 14 months and so he used those periods in his calculation.

A buy signal is generated when the indicator is below zero and turns upwards from a trough.  No sell signals are generated (that not being its design).  The indicator is trend-following, and based on averages, so by its nature it doesn't pick a market bottom, but rather shows when a rally has become established.

Coppock designed the indicator (originally called the "Trendex Model") for the S&P 500 index, and it has been applied to similar stock indexes like the Dow Jones Industrial Average.  It is not regarded as well-suited to commodity markets, since bottoms there are more rounded than the spike lows found in stocks.

Variations
Although designed for monthly use, a daily calculation over the same period can be made, converting the periods to 294-day and 231-day rate of changes, and a 210-day weighted moving average.

A slightly different version of the indicator is still used by the Investors Chronicle, a British investment magazine. The main difference is that the Investors Chronicle version does include the sell signals, although it stresses that they are to be treated with caution. This is because such signals could merely be a dip in a continuing bull market.

Jerry Samet has successfully used the Coppock indicator using weekly close data vs. monthly close. This indicator greatly helps with the definition of the intermediate term market moves of 6-weeks to 12-month duration. Mike Scott has determined that the weekly Coppock used in conjunction with Investor's Business Daily Market Direction calls that a Coppock buy signal that occurs within plus or minus 2 weeks of an IBD Follow-Through Day correctly identifies successfully rallies 79% of the time in bull markets and 45% of the time in bear markets. Success here is defined by a NASDAQ market that rallies at least 9 or 10% over at least a 5 or 6 week period.

References

External links

Market indicators
Helvetica Chimica Acta

Helvetica Chimica Acta is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of chemistry established by the Swiss Chemical Society. It is published online by John Wiley & Sons. The journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.164.

History
August 6, 1901: Founding of the Swiss Chemical Society
1911: IUPAC refused SCG as a member, no own journal
September 11, 1917: SCG founded HCA
1917–1948: First editor-in-chief: Friedrich Fichter (1869–1952)
Spring 1918: Fasciculus I of Volume I of HCA was issued
1948–1971: Emile Cherbuliez (1891–1985)
1970: English allowed as fourth language
1971–1983: Edgardo Giovannini (1909–2004)
1983–2015: M. Volkan Kisakürek
2015-2016: Richard J. Smith
2016–2021: Jeffrey W. Bode and Christophe Copéret
2022–present: Eva Hevia and Jérôme Waser

References

External links

Chemistry journals
Santanaraptor

Santanaraptor (meaning "Santana Formation thief") is a genus of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Early Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian), about 112 million years ago.

Discovery
The type species is S. placidus, first described by Kellner in 1999. The species epithet refers to , who founded the .

Description

The holotype (MN 4802-V) is a juvenile partial skeleton consisting of three caudal vertebrae with chevrons, ischia, femora, tibia, fibula, pes, and soft tissue. The fossilized tissue includes a thin epidermis, muscle fibers, and possibly blood vessels. Skin impressions under the left foot are also preserved, showing scales. It was unearthed in 1996 from the Romualdo Formation (Santana Group) in the Ceará State, northeastern Brazil. While primarily known from hindquarter elements, the individual represented by the fossil may have reached  in length and  in mass. The fossil consists of bones from the pelvis, hindlimbs, and tail. These provide little information on its overall appearance. However, it was definitely a coelurosaur, and a few of its details suggest that it might be a member of the tyrannosauroids. It is presumed to be similar to Dilong and Guanlong in that it had long arms, three fingered hands, and slim hindlimbs.

Classification
Santanaraptor was originally thought to be a maniraptoran theropod when it was first discovered. However, it is now thought to be a basal coelurosaur based on several features present on the femur. Santanaraptor was tabulated by Holtz (2004) as the first tyrannosauroid known from Gondwana, a position also found by Delcourt and Grillo (2018). However, this position has been criticised, as the supposed tyrannosauroid characters are widely distributed in Coelurosauria, and several aspects of the foot are more similar to noasaurids.

External links
 A photograph of the fossil specimen, published by Rafael Delcourt's twitter account

See also

 Timeline of tyrannosaur research

References

Tyrannosaurs
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
Cretaceous Brazil
Fossils of Brazil
 
Albian life
Aptian life
Fossil taxa described in 1999
Taxa named by Alexander Kellner
Hill City Municipal Airport

Hill City Municipal Airport  is a mile northeast of Hill City, in Graham County, Kansas.

Facilities
The airport covers  at an elevation of 2,238 feet (682 m). Its one runway, 18/36, is 5,000 by 75 feet (1,524 x 23 m) concrete.

In the year ending October 30, 2006 the airport had 14,600 aircraft operations, average 40 per day: 99% general aviation and 1% air taxi. Ten aircraft were then based at the airport, all single-engine.

References

External links 
 Aerial photo as of 17 March 2002 from USGS The National Map
 

Airports in Kansas
Buildings and structures in Graham County, Kansas
Hercules silver mine

The Hercules Mine was one of the richest lead/silver mines in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains in Burke, Idaho. It was discovered by Harry L. Day, a bookkeeper and clerk, and Fred Harper, a local prospector. In 1923 the mine owners founded the Day Mines, Inc. company.  Other investors in the mine include August Paulsen, Levi Hutton, and May Arkwright Hutton.  It eventually became the primary mine of the Hecla Mining Corporation.

Day and partners found silver-lead ore on 2 June 1901.  The mine closed in 1924.

The original owners of this mine all shared a unique history together, all started out as pro union or involved with the 1899 explosion at the Bunker and Sullivan.

Levi "Al" Hutton was the engineer on the train used to move explosive from the frisco mine, to the concentrator. He claimed at gun point.

May Arkwright Hutton wrote a book about the horrible treatment of the miners at the hands of the mine owners, and the treatment of her husband at the hands of the sheriff/mine owners in her book.  The coeur d' alenes: or, A Tale of the Modern Inquisition in Idaho.  After the bonanza at the Hercules she spent the rest of her life buying all of the copies back that she could.

Ed Boyce, also an early investor, was president of the Western Federation of Miners in 1899. Boyce later hit it rich with the bonanza at the Hercules silver mine.  He quit his post with the labor union and opened a fancy hotel.

Harry Orchard as owner
One of the early owners of the Hercules Mine was Harry Orchard, who would later become a convicted assassin. Famed defense attorney Clarence Darrow argued during the Bill Haywood trial that Orchard was bitter about losing his one-sixteenth share of the Hercules Mine due to a declaration of martial law during a labor dispute. Darrow argued that this bitterness motivated Orchard to assassinate former Idaho Governor Frank Steunenberg. Orchard denied the charge, claiming that leaders of the Western Federation of Miners hired him to commit the murder, but the defense produced witnesses who testified that Orchard had vowed to commit the murder out of personal revenge. Haywood and other WFM leaders were found innocent; Orchard was found guilty and received the death penalty, although his sentence was commuted to life in prison.

See also
Harry Orchard
Bill Haywood for more about Harry Orchard
James McParland for more about Harry Orchard
Ed Boyce

References

Buildings and structures in Shoshone County, Idaho
Silver mines in the United States
Underground mines in the United States
Mines in Idaho
Vogelkop bowerbird

The Vogelkop bowerbird (Amblyornis inornata), also known as the Vogelkop gardener bowerbird, is a medium-sized bowerbird of the mountains of West Papua (New Guinea).

Description
The birds are about 21–35 cm in length, with the females being slightly smaller.  They are mainly olive brown in colour, though somewhat paler below, without ornamental plumage. This makes the species one of the dullest-coloured members of the bowerbird family with, however, one of the largest and most elaborate bowers.

Bower
The bower is a cone-shaped hut-like structure some 100 cm high and 160 cm in diameter, with an entrance usually propped up by two column-like sticks.  A front "lawn" of some square meters area is cleaned of debris and laid out with moss.  On this, and in the entrance of the bower, decorations such as colourful flowers or fruit, shining beetle elytra, dead leaves and other conspicuous objects are collected and artistically arranged.

Males go to great lengths to ensure that their displays are in prime condition, replacing old items as needed, as well as trying to outdo their neighbours by finding more spectacular decorations, and arranging them appropriately.  As opposed to other species of bowerbirds, such as the satin bowerbird, there is no fixed preference for items of a certain colour, more important being the "novelty value" of the items instead, which can lead to fashion-like trends if males find rare or unusual items; such rare finds are prime targets for theft by neighboring males. Females visit bowers and, depending on whether they like the "treasure trove" on display, will mate with the attendant males. The bower, indeed the male, play no part in nesting and raising the young.

The songs and mimicry skill of this bird are well known among the indigenous peoples. In September 1872, Odoardo Beccari became the first naturalist to see the home grounds of this bowerbird in the Arfak Mountains of Irian Jaya.

Because of its unadorned and plain plumage, this bowerbird is relatively safe from persecution. A common species within its limited habitat range, the Vogelkop bowerbird is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

References

External links
 Avian Visual Cognition: Photo of male arranging red flowers and black beetle elytra. Retrieved 2007-FEB-19.
 BirdLife Species Factsheet. Retrieved 2007-FEB-19.
 Photo of male in front of bower by Don Roberson. Note discarded batteries and film casings. Retrieved 2007-FEB-19.
 Video of a Vogelkop Bowerbird preparing its display
 Video footage from the BBC's Life and Life of Birds series

Vogelkop bowerbird
Birds of West Papua
Endemic birds of Indonesia
Vogelkop bowerbird
Vogelkop montane rain forests
Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1

Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) is a species of virus in the order Herpesvirales, family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, and genus Iltovirus. Originally recognised in chickens in the United States in 1926, this virus causes avian infectious laryngotracheitis (abbreviated as AILT, ILT, or LT), a potentially fatal, economically deleterious disease, widely recognised as one of the most contagious diseases in the poultry industry. The virus and its associated disease also occur in pheasants.

Taxonomy
Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 is classified in the genus Iltovirus. The only other species in this genus, and therefore its closest known relative, is Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1, which affects parrots.

There are two other herpesviruses that affect chickens: Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (cause of Marek's disease) and Gallid alphaherpesvirus 3. Both of these are in a separate genus to Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1; Mardivirus, which is united with Iltovirus under the same subfamily; Alphaherpesvirinae.

Pathology

Transmission
GaHV-1 is shed in respiratory secretions and transmitted by droplet inhalation or via fomites. A previously unexposed flock will develop cases for two to eight weeks following introduction. The incubation period is two to eight days.

Clinical signs and diagnosis

Symptoms include coughing, sneezing, head shaking, lethargy, discharge from the eyes and nostrils (sometimes bloody), and difficulty breathing. The name comes from the severe inflammation of the larynx and trachea. A diphtheritic membrane may form in the trachea, causing obstruction. There may be problems in egg laying and the production of abnormal or thin-shelled eggs. Mortality is typically less than 15 percent.

Histopathology, PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescent staining, and viral isolation are all possible methods of diagnosis.

Treatment and control
A vaccine is available (ATCvet code: ), but it is susceptible to undesired recombination and it does not prevent latent infections. It can be used during an outbreak to decrease morbidity and deaths.

A confirmed case will usually result in the establishment of a quarantine zone around the farm. Inside this quarantine zone, poultry workers will avoid poultry farms to prevent the spread of the virus. Biosecurity measures including quarantine, isolation, and disinfection are very important in controlling the spread of an outbreak.

References

Further reading

External links

 Avian infectious laryngotracheitis, expert reviewed and published by WikiVet, accessed 07/10/2011
 Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Herpesviridae

Alphaherpesvirinae
Bird diseases
Poultry diseases
Animal viral diseases
Canadian Journal of Chemistry

The Canadian Journal of Chemistry (fr. Revue canadienne de chimie) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by NRC Research Press. It was established in 1951 as the continuation of Canadian Journal of Research, Section B: Chemical Sciences. Papers are loaded to the web in advance of the printed issue and are available in both pdf and HTML formats.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed by the following services: Chemical Abstracts, ChemInform, Chemistry Citation Index, Compendex, Current Contents, Derwent Biotechnology Abstracts, GeoRef, INIS Atomindex, Methods in Organic Synthesis, Referativny Zhurnal, and the Science Citation Index. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2022 impact factor is 1.1.

References

External links 
 

Chemistry journals
Monthly journals
Multilingual journals
English-language journals
French-language journals
Academic journals established in 1951
Canadian Science Publishing academic journals
Brendon Pongia

Brendon Pongia (born 27 June 1969) is a New Zealand former professional basketball player who played 14 seasons in the National Basketball League (NBL). He is also a television presenter, having co-hosted Good Morning alongside Sarah Bradley between 2006 and 2011.

Early life
Born in Greymouth, New Zealand, Pongia grew up on the West Coast of the South Island. His father, a Māori, walked out on the family when Pongia was very young. As a 16-year-old in 1986, Pongia began training with NBL club Hamilton.

Basketball career
A stalwart of the National Basketball League through the 1990s, Pongia earned greatest recognition in 2001 as a member of the Tall Black squad that defeated Australia to qualify for the 2002 FIBA World Championship. Although he saw little actual court time, he was front and centre in the pre-match build-ups as leader of the haka. He finally captured an NBL title with the Waikato Titans in 2002, but lost his place in the national side. Pongia attended the world tournament in Indianapolis as a spectator and enjoyed a high profile in TV coverage, leading the supporters' haka. He was subsequently offered a presenters' role with TVNZ and later Sky TV in 2003.

After a two-year hiatus from the NBL in 2004 and 2005, Pongia returned to the league with the Wellington Saints in 2006. He played three seasons with the Saints, before departing the NBL following the 2008 season. In July 2009, he signed with the Southland Flyers for the National Provincial Championships. The Flyers went on to win the Open Men's championship with the help of Pongia, who served as team captain.

Personal
In March 2009, Pongia married his wife Michelle Kirkland. Pongia's brother, rugby league player Quentin Pongia, died of cancer in May 2019.

In 2007, Pongia was a contestant on Dancing with the Stars alongside dance partner Hayley Holt. The couple were eliminated in the penultimate episode.

References

1969 births
Living people
Harbour Heat players
Hawke's Bay Hawks players
New Zealand men's basketball players
New Zealand Māori broadcasters
New Zealand Māori sportspeople
New Zealand television presenters
People educated at the Church College of New Zealand
Sportspeople from Greymouth
Waikato Titans players
Wellington Saints players
Guards (basketball)
Empty (Tait album)

Empty is the debut studio album by American Christian rock band Tait and was the first of three solo albums released by members of dc Talk following their 2001 hiatus to work on solo projects. This album features Pete Stewart from Grammatrain, who is absent in the next album. Several songs are influenced by the passing of Michael Tait's late father Nathel, for whom the band is named.

The advance pre-release copy for this album contained slightly different mixes to the released CD and omitted the track "Altars" as well as both hidden tracks. "Altars" is the only song from this album to be turned into a music video; "Loss For Words" was featured on the soundtrack for the movie Extreme Days.

There are two hidden tracks on this CD, one an instrumental piece that appears after the closing track "Unglued," the other in the pregap (or "zero" index) before the opening track "Alibi," which can be accessed by pressing the 'rewind' button on the CD player when track one begins. The disc scans back 6 minutes and 48 seconds into negative numbers revealing answering machine messages with Michael Tait doing various character impersonations. There is also a short joke-oriented piece in this hidden track.

Track listing

Personnel 

Tait
 Michael Tait – vocals 
 Pete Stewart – keyboards, programming, guitars 
 Lonnie Chapin – bass
 Chad Chapin – drums 

Additional musicians
 Carl Herrgesell – keyboards
 Mike Linney – programming 
 Michael W. Smith – piano (13)
 John Mark Painter – string arrangements 
 The Love Sponge Orchestra – strings

Production

 Michael Tait – producer 
 Pete Stewart – producer, engineer 
 Mark Heimmerman – additional vocal production (4, 7, 10)
 Greg Ham – executive producer 
 Mark Nicholas – executive producer, A&R direction 
 F. Reid Shippen – engineer, mixing (5, 8, 11)
 Dan Shike – additional engineer 
 Todd Robbins – additional engineer, mixing (13)
 Chris Lord-Alge – mixing (1, 3, 7)
 Bryan Lenox – mixing (4, 12)
 Brian Tankersley – mixing (6, 10)
 Shawn Andrews – digital editing 
 Ted Jensen – mastering at Sterling Sound, New York City
 Richard Dodd – additional mastering
 Scott McDaniel – art direction
 Room 120 – artwork, design
 Kristin Barlowe – photography 
 Woodland Sound Studios, Nashville, Tennessee – recording location
 The Dungeon Studios, Nashville, Tennessee – recording location
 Fun Attic Studio, Franklin, Tennessee – recording location

References 

Tait (band) albums
2001 debut albums
ForeFront Records albums
The Story of Philosophy

The Story of Philosophy: The Lives and Opinions of the Greater Philosophers is a 1926 book by Will Durant, in which he profiles several prominent Western philosophers and their ideas, beginning with Socrates and Plato and on through Friedrich Nietzsche.  Durant attempts to show the interconnection of their ideas and how one philosopher's ideas informed the next.

There are nine chapters each focused on one philosopher, and two more chapters each containing briefer profiles of three early 20th century philosophers.

The book was published in 1926, with a revised second edition released in 1933. The work was preceded by a number of pamphlets in the Little Blue Books series of inexpensive worker education pamphlets. They proved so popular they were assembled into a single book and published in hardcover form by Simon & Schuster in 1926.

Philosophers profiled are, in order: Plato (with a section on Socrates), Aristotle, Francis Bacon, Baruch Spinoza (with a section on Descartes), Voltaire (with a section on Rousseau), Immanuel Kant (with a section on Hegel), Arthur Schopenhauer, Herbert Spencer, and Friedrich Nietzsche.

The final two chapters are devoted to European and then American philosophers. Henri Bergson, Benedetto Croce, and Bertrand Russell are covered in the tenth, and George Santayana, William James, and John Dewey are covered in the eleventh.

In a foreword to the readers in the second edition of the book, Durant expresses his acknowledgement for the criticism that the book received as to how it does not include philosophers from the Asian continent, most notably Confucius, Buddha and Adi Shankara.

This work is the source of the popular quote, typically misattributed to Aristotle: "We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.” The phrase was originated by Durant when discussing Aristotle's work.

Publication data
Will Durant, The Story of Philosophy: the Lives and Opinions of the Greater Philosophers (1926) New York: Simon & Schuster, revised edition 1933
1962 Time Reading Program Special Edition (Time, Inc., New York)
1967 Touchstone paperback: 
1983 Simon and Schuster paperback (out of print): 
1991 Pocketbooks mass market paperback: 
1999 Tandem Library binding:

Notes

External links 
 The Story of Philosophy: The Lives And Opinions 1926 edition at Internet Archive.

History books about philosophy
Books by Will Durant
American non-fiction books
1926 non-fiction books
Western philosophy
Picul

A picul 
or tam is a traditional Asian unit of weight, defined as "as much as a man can carry on a shoulder-pole".

History
The word picul appeared as early as the mid 9th century in Javanese. In modern Malay, 'pikul' is also a verb meaning 'to carry on the shoulder'.

Following Spanish, Portuguese, British and most especially the Dutch colonial maritime trade, the term picul was both a convenient unit, and a lingua franca unit that was widely understood and employed by other Austronesians (in modern Malaysia and the Philippines) and their centuries-old trading relations with Indians, Chinese and Arabs. It remained a convenient reference unit for many commercial trade journals in the 19th century. One example is Hunts Merchant Magazine of 1859 giving detailed tables of expected prices of various commodities, such as coffee, e.g. one picul of Javanese coffee could be expected to be bought from 8 to 8.50 Spanish dollars in Batavia and Singapore.

Definitions

As for any traditional measurement unit, the exact definition of the picul varied historically and regionally.
In imperial China and later, the unit was used for a measure equivalent to 100 catties.

In 1831, the Dutch East Indies authorities acknowledged local variances in the definition of the pikul.
In Hong Kong, one picul was defined in Ordinance No. 22 of 1844 as  avoirdupois pounds. The modern definition is exactly 60.478982 kilograms.
The measure was and remains used on occasion in Taiwan where it is defined as 60 kg.<ref>Weights and Measures in Use in Taiwan  from the Republic of China Yearbook--Taiwan 2001.</ref> The last, a measure of rice, was 20 picul, or 1,200 kg.

The stone
While the character "石" ("stone") is normally pronounced shí (Cantonese: sek6), as a unit of measure it is pronounced dàn (Cantonese: daam3).

Historically, during the Qin and Han dynasties, the stone was used as a unit of measurement equal to 120 catties. Government officials at the time were paid in grain, counted in stones. The amount of salary in weight was then used as a ranking system for officials, with the top ministers being paid 2000 stones.

In the early days of Hong Kong as a British colony, the stone (石, with a Cantonese pronunciation given as shik'') was used as a measurement of weight equal to 120 catties or , alongside the picul of 100 catties. It was made obsolete by subsequent overriding legislation in 1885, which included the picul but not the stone, to avoid confusion with European-origin measures that are similarly called stone.

References

Chinese units in Hong Kong
Units of mass
Human-based units of measurement
Daniel Jędraszko

Daniel Jędraszko (born April 6, 1976 in Szczecin) is a Polish sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 1990s. He has been world champion four times in the Canadian canoe C-2 event with partner Paweł Baraszkiewicz.

They also won a C-2 500 m silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. The same year Jędraszko won his only European title to date (again in the C-2 500 m). However at the 2004 Athens games they underperformed and came away without a medal.

Injuries prevented him from competing in 2005 but in 2006 he formed a new C-2 partnership with Roman Rynkiewicz. They finished fifth at the world championships in Szeged, Hungary. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, they finished ninth in the C-2 500 m event. Jędraszko has a total of ten medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.

Jędraszko is a member of the Posnania Poznań club. He is 192 cm (6'4") tall and weighs 93 kg (205 lb).

For hts sport achievements, he received: 
 Golden Cross of Merit in 2000; 
 Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (5th Class) in 2007.

References

1976 births
Canoeists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Living people
Olympic canoeists for Poland
Olympic silver medalists for Poland
Sportspeople from Szczecin
Polish male canoeists
Olympic medalists in canoeing
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in Canadian
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics