alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Soledad Bravo

Soledad Bravo (born January 1, 1943) is a Venezuelan singer.

Born in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain, her father was a Spanish republican, moving to Venezuela with his family when his daughter was still at an early age. At 24, Soledad began studying architecture and philosophy at the Universidad Central de Venezuela, where she also began performing. One year later, in 1968, she released her debut titled Soledad Bravo Canta (Soledad Bravo Sings), which made her a star in Venezuela and other parts of South America. In the years that followed, she cooperated with Atahualpa Yupanqui, Gilberto Gil and others, having lived and performed in Europe and the Americas. Her repertoire is a vivid mixture of fiery, vivid Caribbean and Latin rhythms, Sephardic elegies and heartwarming ballads.

Considered to be one of the best voices in Latin America, one of her most popular and best known songs is Hasta Siempre, a cover of a Cuban hymn by Carlos Puebla to Ernesto "Che" Guevara.

Discography 
Soledad Bravo Canta (1968)
Soledad (1969)
Soledad Bravo, Vol. 3 (1970)
Soledad Bravo, Vol. 4 (1973)
Cantos De La Nueva Trova Cubana (1974)
Canto La Poesia De Mis Companeros (1975)
Rafael Alberti  (1977)
Flor Del Cacao (1979)
Cantos Sefardíes (1980) 
Caribe (1982)
Mambembe (1983)
Con Amor...Boleros (1992)
Volando Voy (1993)
Arrastrando La Cobija (1994) 
En Vivo (1994)
Songs of Venezuela (1995)
Raíces (1995)
Cuando Hay Amor (1996)
Cantos Revolucionarios De América Latina (1997)
Paloma Negra (2001)
Homenaje à Alfredo Zitarrosa (2002)

External links 
 Biography and Discography

1943 births
Living people
People from Logroño
20th-century Venezuelan women singers
Spanish emigrants to Venezuela
Central University of Venezuela alumni
Value-added theory

Value-added theory (also known as social strain theory) is a sociological theory, first proposed by Neil Smelser in 1962, which posits that certain conditions are needed for the development of a social movement.

Overview 
Smelser porter considered social movements to be the side-effects of rapid social change. He argued that six things were necessary and sufficient for collective behavior to emerge, and that social movements must evolve through the following relevant stages:
 Structural conduciveness: the structure of society must be organized in such a way that certain protest actions become more likely.
 Structural strain: there must be a strain on society that is caused by factors related to the structure of the current social system, such as inequality or injustice, and existing power holders are unwilling or unable to address the problem.
 Generalized belief: the strain should be clearly defined, agreed upon, and understood by participants in group action.
 Precipitating factors: event(s) must occur that act as the proverbial spark that ignites the flame of action.
 Mobilization for action: participants must have a network and organization that allows them to take collective action.
 Operation (failure) of social control: authorities either will or will not react. High levels of social control by those in power, like politicians or police, often makes it more difficult for social movements to achieve their goals.

In academia 
The concept of value added is also utilized in the field of economics; in this case it refers to the total value of the revenue created by a product minus intermediate consumption.

Criticism 
Critics of value-added theory note that it is overly focused on the structural-functional approach because it views all strain on society as disruptive.

See also
 Value theory
Relative deprivation
Framing
Political opportunity
Resource mobilization

Notes

References
 Piotr Sztompka in Shaping sociological imagination: The importance of theory, Jeffrey C. Alexander, Gary T. Marx, Christine L. Williams (ed.), Self, Social Structure, and Beliefs, University of California Press, 2004, , Google Print, p.254
 Diana Kendall, Sociology In Our Times, Thomson Wadsworth, 2005,  Google Print, p.530
 Donatella della Porta, Mario Diani, Social Movements: An Introduction, Blackwell Publishing, 2006, , Google Print, p.7

Further reading
 Neil J. Smelser, Theory of collective behavior, various, 1962

Social movements
Sociological theories
Pythion

Pythion () or Pythium, also Pythoion (Πύθοιον) was a city and polis (city-state) of Perrhaebia in ancient Thessaly, situated at the foot of Mount Olympus, and forming a Tripolis with the two neighbouring towns of Azorus and Doliche. Pythion derived its name from a temple of Apollo Pythius situated on one of the summits of Olympus, as we learn from an epigram of Xeinagoras, a Greek mathematician, who measured the height of Olympus from these parts. Games were also celebrated here in honour of Apollo.

Geography
Pythion commanded an important pass across Mount Olympus. This pass and that of Tempe are the only two leading from Macedonia into the northeast of Thessaly.

History
During the reign of Amyntas III or Philip II, the Tripolis  was annexed to Macedon. According to Theagenes the inhabitants of Balla were relocated to Pythion. So we find in 3rd century BC an epigram regarding Philarchos son of Hellanion, Macedonian Elimiote from Pythion, proxenos in Delphi.

During the Roman–Seleucid War, the Tripolis was ravaged by an army of Aetolians in the year 191 BCE During the Third Macedonian War the three towns surrendered to the army of Perseus of Macedon in the year 171 BCE, but that same year the Romans reconquered the three. In the year 169 BCE troops arrived from the Roman consul Quintus Marcius Philippus who camped between Azorus and Doliche.

The three cities minted a common coin with the inscription "ΤΡΙΠΟΛΙΤΑΝ".

Although the site is occupied by a modern town of Pythio, virtually no remains of the ancient town have been discovered there.

References

Cities in ancient Greece
Populated places in ancient Thessaly
Former populated places in Greece
Apollo
Mount Olympus
Macedonian colonies in Thessaly
Perrhaebia
Thessalian city-states
Elassona
Boston Soccer Club

The Boston Soccer Club was a member of the American Soccer League. They were renamed the Boston Bears for the Fall 1929 ASL season.

In 1925, the ASL and the St. Louis Soccer League (SLSL) boycotted the National Challenge Cup, now known as the U.S. Open Cup.  The "Wonder Workers" or "Woodsies" (after team president G. A. G. Wood), as they were dubbed, had won the 1925 league cup, known as the Lewis Cup.  That victory qualified them for the one time American Professional Soccer Championship pitting them against the Ben Millers, the top team in the St. Louis Soccer League.  The 'Wonder Workers' defeated the Ben Millers in three games.  The 'Wonder Workers' won the Lewis Cup again in 1927.

After the 1925/26 ASL season the 'Wonder Workers', the Brooklyn Wanderers and the New Bedford Whalers joined with four top Canadian clubs to form the one-off International Soccer League held that summer and early fall.

Year-by-year

W
Defunct soccer clubs in Massachusetts
American Soccer League (1921–1933) teams
The Invisible Writing

The Invisible Writing: The Second Volume Of An Autobiography, 1932-40 (1954) is a book by Arthur Koestler.

It follows on from Arrow in the Blue, published two years earlier, and which described his life from his birth in 1905, to 1931, and deals with a much shorter period, a mere eight years (as opposed to the twenty six of the previous volume). This was nonetheless, a highly significant period in Koestler's life, as it involved his membership and subsequent alienation from the Communist movement.

As well as his relationship with Communism, The Invisible Writing is also interesting for its documentation of Europe in the years leading up to World War II, both his native Hungary and Austria, Germany, and also the west, such as Spain, France and England.

In The Invisible Writing, Koestler recalls that during the summer of 1935 he "wrote about half of a satirical novel called The Good Soldier Schweik Goes to War Again..... It had been commissioned by Willy Münzenberg [the Comintern's chief propagandist in the West ... but was vetoed by the Party on the grounds of the book's 'pacifist errors'..." (p. 283).

Much of the experiences in this book, were also to be found in some form elsewhere:

 Koestler's incarceration in the Spanish Civil War, by the Phalange – documented in  Spanish Testament (1937), and revised 1942 as Dialogue with Death, and which formed part of the basis for his novel Darkness at Noon (1940).
 Scum of the Earth was a very lightly fictionalised account of his detention at Camp Vernet, and subsequent escape in the pre-World War II period.
 Koestler's experiences with Communism were also discussed by him in the anti-Communist The God that Failed (1949), which collected the testimonies of several ex-Communists.
 Von Weissen Nächten und Roten Tagen ("From White Nights and Red Days"), published in 1933, also recounts some of the early period of this book. It is very difficult to find, being mostly published in the Soviet Union, and long out of print. It is nonetheless significant as Koestler's first published book.

1954 non-fiction books
Books by Arthur Koestler
William Collins, Sons books
Hamish Hamilton books
Lille-Europe station

Lille-Europe station (French: Gare de Lille-Europe) is a SNCF railway station in Lille, France, on the LGV Nord high-speed railway. The station is primarily used for international Eurostar and long-distance SNCF TGV services, although some high-speed regional trains also call at the station.
The station was built in 1993 to be used as a through station for trains between the UK, Belgium, and the Netherlands, as well as French TGV services, except those coming from Paris which normally terminate at Lille-Flandres station. There is a  walking distance between the two stations, which are also connected by the Lille Metro and Lille tramway.

Connections
For travellers from the United Kingdom to destinations not served directly by Eurostar, connections are available here on trains towards Disneyland Paris, Charles de Gaulle International Airport, Lyon, Valence, then Avignon, Aix-en-Provence, Marseille St. Charles (and also on to Cannes and Nice); and Nîmes, Montpellier and Perpignan.

After the 'Additional Protocol to the Sangatte Protocol' was signed by France and the United Kingdom on 29 May 2000, juxtaposed controls were set up in the station. Eurostar passengers travelling to the UK clear exit checks from the Schengen Area (carried out by the French Border Police) as well as UK entry checks (conducted by the UK Border Force) in the station before boarding their train.

Train services
The following services call at Lille:

International high-speed services (Eurostar) London – Lille – Brussels – Amsterdam

International high-speed services (Eurostar) London – Lille – Paris
High-speed services (TGV) Calais – Lille – Paris
High-speed services (TGV) (Rang-du-Fliers -) Boulogne – Calais – Lille – Paris
High-speed services (TGV) Dunkerque – Lille – Paris
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Marseille
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Nîmes – Montpellier
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Aéroport CDG – Tours – Poitiers – Bordeaux
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Aéroport CDG – Le Mans – Rennes
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Aéroport CDG – Le Mans – Angers – Nantes
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Arras – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Nîmes – Montpellier
High-speed services (TGV) Lille – Arras – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Marseille
International high-speed services (TGV) Brussels – Lille – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Marseille
International high-speed services (TGV) Brussels – Lille – Aéroport CDG – Lyon – Nîmes – Montpellier – Perpignan
High-speed regional services (TER GV) Dunkirk – Lille
High-speed regional services (TER GV) Rang-du-Fliers – Boulogne – Calais – Lille

Ouibus
Since 23 July 2012, SNCF's international coach network, iDBUS (now BlaBlaBus), serves Lille Europe.

Coach services from Lille are:
Paris – Lille
Paris – Lille – Brussels
Paris – Lille – Amsterdam
Paris – Lille – London

See also
 Lille-Flandres station

Notes

References

External links 
 

Transport in Lille
Buildings and structures in Lille
Lille-Europe
Railway stations in Nord (French department)
Railway stations in France opened in 1994
French railway stations with juxtaposed controls
Oak Grove High School

Oak Grove High School can refer to:

 Oak Grove High School (Jefferson County, Alabama)
 Oak Grove High School (Pulaski County, Arkansas)
 Oak Grove High School (San Jose, California)
 Oak Grove High School (Oak Grove, Louisiana), in West Carroll Parish
 Oak Grove High School (Hattiesburg, Mississippi)
 Oak Grove High School (North Carolina)

See also 
 Grove High School (disambiguation)
 Oak Grove School (disambiguation)
Point Determined

Point Determined was a thoroughbred race horse born in Maryland on March 6, 2003. There were very high expectations of him since he was the largest foal from the first crop of Horse of the Year Point Given in 2003. He was a possible contender for the Triple Crown in 2006.

Connections
Point Determined is owned by the Robert & Beverly Lewis Trust. He is trained by Bob Baffert and is ridden by Rafael Bejarano. He was bred in Maryland by Bowman & Higgins Stable.

Breeding
His sire is Point Given while his dam is Merengue. He was subsequently sold after his racing career at the Keeneland November Sale in 2007 for over $100,000 to Oscar Benavides, an agent. He was moved to the Commonwealth of Kentucky where he entered stud in 2009 at Montesacro Farm.

As of February 2016, stands at Rancho Natoches, La Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico.

Racing career

References
 Point Determined's pedigree with photo

2003 racehorse births
Thoroughbred family 2-n
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Racehorses bred in Maryland
Carl-Michael Eide

Carl-Michael Eide (born 24 July 1974) is a Norwegian black metal musician, multi-instrumentalist, and vocalist. He is also known under stage names Aggressor, Czral and Exhurtum.

Biography
Carl-Michael Eide has played in various black metal and avant-garde metal bands. These include Ved Buens Ende, Aura Noir, Cadaver, Dødheimsgard, Satyricon, Ulver, Infernö and recently the jazz/rock band Virus. His drumming is unusual in style, with very little repetition and a tendency to shy away from traditional drumming.

His singing abilities are diverse. Other than usual harsh vocals in black metal, he uses a form of croon in the avant-garde metal bands Ved Buens Ende and Virus.

He has gone back to playing guitar and was writing music for the re-grouped Ved Buens Ende, before the band once again split up in early 2007.  Beyond that, he continues to write material for Aura Noir and Virus.

He was also a session drummer for Dimmu Borgir on their 1997 tour.

On 26 March 2005 he fell from a four-story building and spent several months in hospital. He has lost the use of his feet as a result of the incident. He is not able to play drums anymore, but is still active as a vocalist, guitarist and bassist.

Discography
With Satyricon
All Evil (EP) (1992)

With Ulver
Vargnatt (Demo) (1993)

With Ved Buens Ende
Those Who Caress the Pale (Demo) (1994)
Written in Waters (1995)

With Aura Noir
Dreams Like Deserts (EP) (1995)
Black Thrash Attack (1996)
Deep Tracts of Hell (1998)
The Merciless (2004)
Hades Rise (2008)
Out to Die (2012)
Aura Noire (2018)
Belligerent 'Til Death (Single) (2019)

With Infernö
Utter Hell (1996)
Downtown Hades (1997)

With Dødheimsgard
666 International (1999)
Supervillain Outcast (2007)

With Virus
Carheart (2003)
The Black Flux (2008)
The Agent That Shapes the Desert (2011)
Oblivion Clock (EP) (2012)
Memento Collider (2016)
Investigator (EP) (2017)

With Cadaver
Discipline (2001)
Necrosis (2004)

Guest appearances
Fleurety, Department of Apocalyptic Affairs (2000)
Ulver, Blood Inside (2005)
Zweizz, The Yawn of the New Age (2007)
Darkthrone, F.O.A.D. (2007)
Hexvessel, Dawnbearer (2011)

References

Sources
Interview with Carl-Michael Eide
Interview with Carl-Michael Eide, December 2008

1974 births
Living people
Norwegian black metal musicians
Norwegian heavy metal drummers
Male drummers
Norwegian heavy metal guitarists
Norwegian heavy metal singers
Norwegian male singers
Norwegian multi-instrumentalists
Norwegian rock guitarists
Norwegian rock singers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Death metal musicians
Satyricon (band) members
Ulver members
Cadaver (band) members
Aura Noir members
21st-century Norwegian drummers
Die Grafsteensangers

Die Grafsteensangers (the tombstone singers) is a comical entertainment group in South Africa. The 12 members of the group, with ages varying between 18 and 83, sing mostly old Afrikaans songs with straight faces and in old costumes.

They have produced four CDs, one video and one DVD, and have performed at all the major Afrikaans arts festivals: Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees (KKNK), Aardklop, Innibos, Volksbladfees, Suidoosterfees and UKkasie - a former Afrikaans art festival in London.

External links

 Afrikaans language article with more information
 Die Grafsteensangers Official website
 Aardklop Kunstefees, Potchefstroom
 Kleinkaroo Nasionale Kunstefees (KKNK), Oudtshoorn
 Volksblad-kunstefees, Bloemfontein 
 InniBos kunstefees, Nelspruit
 Suidoosterfees, Cape Town

South African musical groups
Boston Bears (soccer)

The Boston Bears were a member of the American Soccer League, competing in 1931 and 1932.

Year-by-year

Bears
Defunct soccer clubs in Massachusetts
American Soccer League (1921–1933) teams
1931 establishments in Massachusetts
1932 establishments in Massachusetts
Association football clubs established in 1931
Association football clubs disestablished in 1932
Nayala

Nayala may refer to:

 Nayala Province, a province in Boucle du Mouhoun Region, Burkina Faso
 Nayala, a village in Jamwa Ramgarh, Jaipur district, Rajasthan, India
 Nayala Fort and Nayala Palace, state-protected monuments in Rajasthan, India
 Nayala Paradi, a village in Daman Tehsil, Daman district, Daman and Diu, India

See also
 Nyala (disambiguation)
Doliche (Thessaly)

Doliche () was an ancient Greek city and polis (city-state) in Perrhaebia in Thessaly, situated at the foot of Mount Olympus. Doliche, with the two neighbouring towns of Azorus and Pythion (Pythium), formed a Tripolis.

During the Roman–Seleucid War, the Tripolis was ravaged by an army of the Aetolian League in the year 191 BCE. During the Third Macedonian War the three towns surrendered to the army of Perseus of Macedon in the year 171 BCE, but that same year the Romans reconquered the three. In the year 169 BCE troops arrived from the Roman consul Quintus Marcius Philippus who camped between Azorus and Doliche.

The three cities minted a common coin with the inscription "ΤΡΙΠΟΛΙΤΑΝ".

The site is occupied by the modern town of Dolichi; when William Martin Leake visited the site in the 19th century, he found two fragments of Doric columns  in diameter in a ruined church, and a sepulchral stone in the burying-ground, together with some squared blocks.

References

Sources

Cities in ancient Greece
Populated places in ancient Thessaly
Former populated places in Greece
Perrhaebia
Mount Olympus
Thessalian city-states
Elassona
Pacifica High School (Garden Grove, California)

Pacifica High School is a high school in Garden Grove, California, United States, within the Garden Grove Unified School District. It opened in 1965 and has enrolled more than two thousand students yearly. The communities serving Pacifica are western Garden Grove and sections of Stanton and Cypress.

Campus

A campus landmark is a Navy anchor in the quad. At first painted blue but repainted black in 2011, the anchor was donated by the U.S Navy. On May 1, a new gym opened. The new gymnasium is a state-of-the-art building that is an 18,250-square foot multi-function facility that houses three full-size basketball courts and can convert to nine volleyball courts. The gym allows for seating for up to 1,584 people and includes a lobby, locker rooms, coach's offices, equipment storage, and more. The first shot was made by Freshman coach Mike Buneafe, whose grandfather, Al Buneafe founded Pacifica High school.

Athletics
Pacifica's sports teams, the Mariners, compete in the Empire League of the California Interscholastic Federation's Southern Section. Before 2006, they competed in the Garden Grove League with the other schools in the district.

Sports offerings are:

Football (boys)
Cross Country (coed)
Tennis (coed)
Volleyball (coed)
Waterpolo (coed)
Basketball (coed)
Soccer (coed)
Wrestling (boys)
Baseball (boys)
Softball (girls)
Swim (coed)
Track (coed)
Golf (coed)

Marching band and drumline
In 2003 and from 2005 through 2009, the Pacifica marching band's drumline took the Southern California Percussion Alliance gold medal, and from 2006 through 2009, it garnered the Winter Guard International World Championship gold medal in the Percussion Scholastic Open division, along with numerous first-place finishes throughout Southern California.  Pacifica also finished with a Percussion Alliance bronze medal in 2004 and a Winter Guard International silver medal in 2005.  The Pacifica drumline is the second ensemble to have captured four consecutive WGI World Championship golds.

Notable alumni

Danny Barber, professional soccer player
Pam Bileck, Olympics gymnast
Jeff Carlson, professional football
Jon Dorenbos, professional football and magician
Michelle Dusserre, Olympics gymnast
Larry Fortensky, construction worker, husband of actress Elizabeth Taylor
Amanda Freed, Olympics softball
Dexter Holland, Offspring lead singer and guitarist
Norm Johnson, professional football
Greg Kriesel, Offspring musician
Terry Kubicka, Olympics figure skating
Monique Powell, lead singer of the band Save Ferris
Jared Rushton, actor in Big and Honey I Shrunk the Kids
Shannel, drag queen
Jeffree Star, YouTuber
Kevin Wasserman, guitarist

References

External links
 

Educational institutions established in 1965
High schools in Orange County, California
Education in Garden Grove, California
Public high schools in California
1965 establishments in California
Turkish American Cultural Alliance

Turkish American Cultural Alliance (TACA) is a non-profit, non-political Chicago based organization. It was formed in 1968. It creates public awareness for Turkish culture, Turkey and Turkish people in Chicago and Illinois, United States.

TACA is the main organizer of the annual Chicago Turkish Festival in collaboration with the Turkish General Consulate in Chicago attracting more than 100,000 visitors every year in the heart of downtown Chicago.

TACA's mission is to foster and promote the Turkish culture, art, history, and heritage among our communities, and to organize activities to bring together the Turkish-American Communities of Illinois and Northwest Indiana.

See also
 Turkish diaspora

External links
 Turkish American Cultural Alliance

European American culture in Illinois
Middle Eastern-American culture in Illinois
Turkish-American history
Turkey–United States relations
Turkish diaspora organizations
Organizations based in Chicago
Turkish organizations and associations in the United States
Artemyev

Artemyev or Artemiev () and Artemyeva / Artemieva (; feminine) is a  Russian surname, derived from the given name Artemy. Notable people with the surname include:

Eduard Artemyev (1937–2022), Russian composer
Igor Artemyev (born 1961), Russian politician and government official
Irina Artemieva, Russian-German geophysicist
Maria Artemieva (born 1993), Russian figure skater
Natalia Artemieva (born 1959), Russian-American planetary scientist
Oleg Artemyev (born 1970) Russian cosmonaut
Valentina Artemyeva (born 1986), Russian breaststroke swimmer
Vasily Artemyev (born 1987), Russian rugby union wing
Vladimir Artemyev (1885–1962), Soviet rocket scientist
Vladislav Artemiev (born 1998), Russian chess grandmaster and prodigy

See also
Artem'ev (crater)

References

Russian-language surnames
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names
Champion Bus Incorporated

Champion Bus is a bus manufacturer owned by Forest River of Elkhart, Indiana, United States.  It was formerly owned by Thor Industries of Imlay City, Michigan, United States.  ASV purchased it from Thor in August 2013.
Champion acquired the Federal Coach bus marque from Forest River in 2013.

Other brand names under ASV include ElDorado National, Collins Bus and Goshen Coach.
Allied Specialty Vehicles changed its name to REV Group in November 2015. 

In May 2020, REV Group sold its shuttle bus business to Forest River.

Models
Buses made under the Champion name include:

 Challenger - small to mid-size bus using a Ford E-series (350 or 450), Chevy Express 3500 or 4500 chassis
 Crusader - small bus using Ford E-series (350) and Chevy Express 3500 Chassis
 CTS FE (Front Engine) - large bus using Freightliner MB65 Chassis
 CTS RE (Rear Engine) - large bus using Freightliner MB55 and MB75 Chassis
 Defender - large bus using Ford F-550, International 3200 Series, and Freightliner M2 Chassis
 LF Transport - Mid-size low-floor bus using the Ford E-450 and F-550, GM4500 and the Freightliner M2 Chassis. This particular unit can feature FLEXBUS technology.

References

External links

 Champion Bus official web site

Bus manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Michigan
Lapeer County, Michigan
Tapoa

Tapoa may refer to:
Tapoa Province of Burkina Faso
Tapoa River in the Tapoa Province of Burkina Faso
Airgamboys

Airgamboys is a Spanish brand of miniature figures, manufactured by the toy company Airgam since 1976.  Similar to toys like Playmobil, Madelman, or Geyperman, Airgamboys consisted of various series, including:

Soccer (Athletic Bilbao, Valencia CF, F.C. Barcelona, Real Madrid, Sevilla FC, Real Betis, Spanish National Team, English National Team, Argentina national team, Brazilian National Team, Stadium)
Individual figures (Astronaut, Aliens, cowboys, World War II soldiers,  Deep-sea diver, musketeer, Dracula, Roman, Turk)
Miss Airgam (Indian woman, Police Officer, Nurse, Huntress, Hairdresser, Teacher, Maid)
Super Fantastics (Stars Man, Bird Man, Red Masker, Panther Man, Captain Laser, Doctor Diabolic, Bad Tiger, Python)
Space (Flying Saucer, Astronaut, Galaxy Patrol, Red Planet)
Romans (Ben-Hur, Quadriga, Roman ship)
Vehicles (Jeep, Motorcycle, Helicopter)

Sources
 Blog 1000 Airgam Boys
 Airgamboys.com

Toy brands
Andy Kennedy (footballer, born 1897)

Andrew Lynd Kennedy (1 September 1897 – December 1963) was an Irish football player.

Career
Born in Belfast, Kennedy played as a youth for Belfast Celtic before joining Glentoran in 1915. He moved to England in 1920, joining London side Crystal Palace in 1920; he played a solitary Division Three South game for them before moving across the city to join Arsenal as a reserve full back in August 1922.

Soon after joining Arsenal, Kennedy stepped up to the first team after Arthur Hutchins was dropped, and made his debut against Birmingham on 2 December 1922. He impressed enough that he played all but one of the Gunners' remaining games that season, and gained international recognition, winning two caps for Ireland in their 1923 British Home Championship campaign.

After injury wrecked his 1923–24 season – Kennedy missed the start of the season, and after returning was dropped from the side after Arsenal lost 6–1 to Huddersfield Town – he played all but one of Arsenal's League matches the following season (as Arsenal narrowly avoided relegation). However, he did not find favour under Herbert Chapman, who first switched Bob John back into defence, and then signed Horace Cope during 1925–26 as a replacement for Kennedy. However, Cope was injured before Arsenal's first FA Cup final, meaning Kennedy started the match, against Cardiff City; however, a mistake by Dan Lewis meant Arsenal lost 1–0, and Kennedy only walked away with a runners-up medal.

Kennedy only played two more matches for Arsenal, both of them heavy defeats (5–1 and 4–0). Displeased with his team's defence, Chapman had a clearout at Arsenal, and Kennedy was sold to Everton in January 1928. In all, Kennedy had played 129 matches for Arsenal. Everton won the First Division championship that season but Kennedy was only a reserve player that season. After a solitary League appearance for Everton, he moved on to Tranmere Rovers that summer, playing there for two seasons until his retirement in 1930.

Death
He died in 1963, aged 66.

Honours
Arsenal
FA Cup runner-up: 1926–27

References

1897 births
1963 deaths
Pre-1950 IFA men's international footballers
Men's association football fullbacks
Belfast Celtic F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Everton F.C. players
Glentoran F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
Association footballers from Belfast
Men's association footballers from Northern Ireland
Buffalo Hunters' War

The Buffalo Hunters' War, or the Staked Plains War, occurred in 1877. Approximately 170 Comanche warriors and their families led by Quohadi chief Black Horse or Tu-ukumah (unknown–ca. 1900) left the Indian Territory in December, 1876, for the Llano Estacado of Texas. In February, 1877, they, and their Apache allies, began attacking buffalo hunters' camps in the Red River country of the Texas Panhandle, killing or wounding several. They also stole horses from the camp of Pat Garrett.

Forty-five hunters, led by Hank Campbell, Jim Smith, and Joe Freed, and guided by Jose Tafoya, left Rath City, a trading post on the Double Mountain Fork Brazos River. Smoky Hill Thompson remained behind to lead the defense of the trading post.

The party trailed the natives to their camp in Thompson's Canyon, now known as Yellow House Canyon in present-day Lubbock, Texas, where they attacked on March 18. The hunters were repulsed and the natives escaped, including white captive Herman Lehmann, who was wounded in the battle.

The hunters' casualties were four wounded and one later dying from wounds. It was later reported by the military that the natives suffered 35 dead and 22 wounded.

See also
 Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877

References
 Dictionary of American History by James Truslow Adams, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940
 The Border and the Buffalo by John R. Cook, 1907, Citadel Press (1967)
 
 
 In 1877, Mackenzie Park was site of a deadly battle. Lubbock Online, Nov. 27, 2007

Conflicts in 1877
Comanche campaign
Texas–Indian Wars
Wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America
Battles involving the Comanche
Bison hunting
1877 in the United States
Apache Wars
Oak Grove High School (Pulaski County, Arkansas)

Oak Grove High School was a public secondary school located in unincorporated Pulaski County, Arkansas, near North Little Rock. Oak Grove High School served grades 7 through 12 and was administered by the Pulaski County Special School District. Since 1967, Oak Grove had been accredited by the North Central Association (NCA) Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement (CASI). Oak Grove's official colors were green and white and the school's mascot was a hornet.

The 2010-2011 school year was the last year for Oak Grove to operate.  The school mascot was transferred to the new Maumelle High School which was built a few miles away in Maumelle, AR. The name "Oak Grove"  and the school's colors did not transfer.  The 2011-2012 school year was the first year in which Maumelle had its own high school.

Since its closure, the campus has been frequently vandalized and broken into. Several incidents of thieves ripping out copper wiring from various A/C units and breaking into the shop building to steal copper wiring within have been reported. The incidents have forced school administrators to remove all of the school's A/C units.

In early 2013 ThatChurch.com purchased the school and immediately began the transformations into The Oak Grove Life Center. A new 501C3 nonprofit organization was formed and the Oak Grove High School took on its new identity as The Oak Grove Life Center.

Athletics
The Oak Grove Hornets competed in several interscholastic athletic activities including: soccer, football, baseball, softball, basketball (boys and girls), track & field, wrestling, volleyball (girls), golf, and cheerleading. The Hornets last competed in the 7-4A conference with Pulaski Robinson, Pulaski Academy, DeQueen, Malvern, Nashville, Bauxite, and Ashdown High Schools.

Notable alumni
 Darren McFadden (2005), two-time All-American running back; Doak Walker Award (2006, 2007)

External links

1967 establishments in Arkansas
2011 disestablishments in Arkansas
Defunct schools in Arkansas
Educational institutions established in 1967
Educational institutions disestablished in 2011
High schools in North Little Rock, Arkansas
Pulaski County Special School District
Public high schools in Arkansas
Schools in Pulaski County, Arkansas
Deputy Glitters

Deputy Glitters (foaled April 27, 2003 in Kentucky) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse who was a contender for the U.S. Triple Crown in 2006.

Connections
Deputy Glitters is owned and bred by Joseph LaCombe Stable Inc. and trained by Thomas Albertrani. He has been ridden by René R. Douglas and Jose Lezcano.

Races

References
 Deputy Glitters pedigree, with photo
 NTRA bio

Thoroughbred family 18-a
Racehorses trained in the United States
Racehorses bred in Kentucky
2003 racehorse births
Lars-Olof Johansson

Lars-Olof Johansson (born 23 February 1973, in Huskvarna, Sweden) is best known as a member of the alternative rock band  The Cardigans. Johansson's role in the band is keyboardist and guitarist. Johansson grew up in the Swedish town of Jönköping. He is also a member of acoustic/country band Up The Mountain.

References

1973 births
Living people
People from Jönköping
Swedish keyboardists
The Cardigans members
21st-century guitarists
San Joaquin Valley National Cemetery

San Joaquin Valley National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located at 32053 West McCabe Road, Santa Nella, in Merced County, California.  This cemetery has space available to accommodate casketed and cremated remains over  of land.  The number of interments through fiscal year 2008 is 30,054.

History 
In 1989, the Romero Ranch Company donated land to the Department of Veterans Affairs for the creation of a National Cemetery. The first phase developed 105 acres (42 ha) of the land, and was completed in May 1992, giving enough space for the interment of over 20,000 remains.

There is a small military museum on site, which has exhibits of uniforms, medals, and other memorabilia.

Noteworthy monuments 
 The California Korean War Veterans Memorial, erected in 1998. It consists of 16 five-foot-tall () granite monoliths arranged in a circle. Engraved on each monolith is the name of the 2,495 veterans from California who died during the Korean War.
 The 11th Airborne Memorial, a granite and bronze monument dedicated in 2002 in honor of all airborne forces.

Notable interments 
 Seaman William Troy (1848–1907) – Medal of Honor recipient for action aboard the USS Colorado while assaulting Korean forts in 1871.
 Mac Foster (1942–2010) – Sergeant, United States Marine Corps, and professional boxer

References

External links 
 Cem.va.gov:  Official San Joaquin Valley National Cemetery website
 Cem.va.gov: National Cemetery Administration website
 

Cemeteries in California
United States national cemeteries
Buildings and structures in Merced County, California
History of the San Joaquin Valley
United States in the Korean War
1990 establishments in California
Cultural infrastructure completed in 1990
Tourist attractions in Merced County, California
Cemeteries established in the 1990s
Oak Grove School

Oak Grove School may refer to:

in India
 Oak Grove School, Mussoorie

in the United States
(by state)
 Oak Grove School (Prairieville, Alabama), listed on the NRHP in Alabama
 Oak Grove Rosenwald School, Oak Grove, Arkansas, listed on the NRHP in Sevier County, Arkansas
 Oak Grove School (Oak Grove Community, Arkansas), listed on the NRHP in Grant County, Arkansas
 Oak Grove School (Ojai, California)
 Oak Grove School (Winston-Salem, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in North Carolina
 Oak Grove School (Fargo, North Dakota)
 Oak Grove Schoolhouse (Hood River, Oregon), near Hood River, Oregon, listed on the NRHP in Hood River County, Oregon

See also
Oak Grove (disambiguation)
Oak Grove High School (disambiguation)
Oak Grove Elementary School (disambiguation)
Oak Grove School District (disambiguation)
Christoph Höhne

Christoph Höhne (born 12 February 1941 in Borsdorf, Saxony) is a racewalker who competed in the 50 km walk for East Germany in the 1960s and 1970s.

Career
Höhne won the gold medal in the 50 km walk at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City and participated in the Olympics in 1964 and 1972. His Olympic victory made history as his margin of victory was over ten minutes. 

He participated in an episode of the cold war in sports at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. On the evening before the race, East German officials received an anonymous tip that he wanted to defect during the 50 km race. They did not believe the allegations, but Höhne went to the start line unnerved and finished in fourteenth place.

Höhne won gold in the 50 km walk at the European Championships in 1969 and 1974, and a silver in 1971. 

He won the IAAF World Race Walking Cup in the 50 km walk in 1965, 1967 and 1970, and came in third in 1973.

During his career Höhne competed for the SV Dynamo sports club and was trained by Max Weber.

Post-career
After his sports career, Höhne studied photography and became a well known sports photographer in East Germany. Among other things, he received a gold medal at the International Sports Photography Exhibition in Reus, Spain in 1978. 

After the unification of Germany, he has done freelance photography for the daily newspapers Junge Welt and Sportecho.

Note
Höhne's place of birth is reported as Machern profile  or as Borsdorf   both in Saxony.

References

External links 
 

1941 births
Living people
People from Leipzig (district)
East German male racewalkers
Athletes from Saxony
Photographers from Saxony
Olympic athletes for the United Team of Germany
Olympic athletes for East Germany
Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for East Germany
European Athletics Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists in athletics (track and field)
Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit in silver
World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships winners
Dolichiste

Doliche or Dolichiste ( or ; Eth.  or ) was an island noted by ancient geographers in the Mediterranean Sea off the Lycian coast, in Asia Minor, now called Kekova (or Kakava (Κακαβάς) in Modern Greek), which is located in present-day Antalya Province, Turkey.

Stephanus of Byzantium (s. v.) describes Doliche as an island close to the Lycian coast, on the authority of Callimachus; and he adds that Alexander, in his Periplus of Lycia, calls it Dolichiste. It is mentioned by Pliny (v. 31) and Ptolemy (v. 3). Pliny places it opposite to Chimaera (geography); and both Pliny and Ptolemy name it Dolichiste. Doliche or Dolichiste, is a long island, as the name implies. It lies near the southern coast of Lycia, west of the ruins of Myra, and in front of the spacious bay now named Kekova. The island is a narrow ridge of rock, incapable of yielding a constant supply of water; each house had therefore a tank hollowed in the rock, and lined with stucco. William Martin Leake speaks of the ruins of a large city, with a noble theatre, in a fine harbour formed by a range of rocky islands. But this theatre appears, from what Leake says, to be on the coast of the mainland; and Beaufort observes that the whole of these islands and bays may be included under the general Greek name Kakava. By the 1850s, the island was uninhabited.

See also
List of Lycian place names

References

Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey
Islands of Turkey
Geography of ancient Lycia
John Senhouse Goldie-Taubman

Sir John Senhouse Goldie-Taubman JP (28 January 1838 – 9 November 1898) was a Manx politician.

He was born in London into a prominent family. He followed his father, John Taubman Goldie-Taubman, both into the House of Keys and also as Speaker. He was first elected as a Member by the Keys in 1859 and then elected by the voters of Douglas in 1867, when he was chosen as the new Speaker. He oversaw first the new elected Keys and then its move to the new House of Keys in Douglas in 1874. He became the first Provincial Grand Master of the Isle of Man Freemasons from 1886 to 1898.

He was a half-brother of Sir George Taubman Goldie, who founded the Royal Niger Company.

In 1860, he married Amelia Donald Ankerville Grove-Ross and they had seven children. One of their children, Lady Ellen Margaret Fry , married General Sir William Fry, Governor of the Isle of Man in 1886.

He was knighted on 17 January 1896 by Queen Victoria.

Goldie-Taubman died at Douglas residence, The Nunnery, from pleurisy on 9 November 1898, having been ill for over three weeks.

References

1838 births
1898 deaths
Knights Bachelor
Manx politicians
Politicians from London
Lead Us to Reason

Lead Us to Reason is the debut album from Canadian band The Black Maria.

Track listing
 "The Memento" – 3:16
 "Betrayal" – 3:39
 "Organs" – 2:48
 "Our Commitment's a Sickness" – 3:30
 "The Distance from the Bottom" – 3:45
 "The Lines We Cross" – 3:17
 "Mirrors and Cameras" – 3:54
 "Sirens" – 3:05
 "To Have Loved" – 3:49
 "Ash" – 3:19
 "Rats in the Prison" – 2:58

References

The Black Maria albums
2005 debut albums
Victory Records albums
Classic Lake Conference

The Classic Lake Conference was a conference for high schools in the west metro area of the Twin Cities, Minnesota. The Classic Lake Conference was one of many in the Minneapolis–St. Paul metro area that divide schools in proximity into different conferences. The mission of the conference was to promote and recognize excellence by providing quality experiences for students in programs of academics, arts, athletics and activities. The Classic Lake Conference conducted its activities under the auspices of and in concert with the Minnesota State High School League.

The five member high schools were, Robbinsdale Armstrong High School (Plymouth), Edina High School (Edina), Hopkins High School (Minnetonka), Minnetonka High School (Minnetonka), and Wayzata High School (Plymouth). Until 1999, Richfield High School was a member but left because of declining enrollment and changing demographics.  Until 2005, St. Louis Park High School and Robbinsdale Cooper High School were also members, but left for the North Suburban Conference due to their smaller student bodies.

At a conference meeting, held November 7, 2008, the superintendents of four of five schools voted to remove Armstrong from the conference starting in the 2010–2011 school year. Despite having comparable enrollment to the conference's other schools, Armstrong has a lower percentage of students that compete in athletics.  To facilitate scheduling of competitions, MSHSL bylaw states that a conference may not have less than five members. The original intention was to dissolve the Classic Lake. Armstrong, Hopkins and Wayzata applied to the Northwest Suburban Conference as a group. They were rejected, but Armstrong was later offered a spot as a single school. The other four then applied to the already huge Lake Conference, but were turned down.

The Classic Lake disbanded following the 2009–10 academic year. Armstrong joined the Northwest Suburban Conference while Edina, Hopkins, Minnetonka and Wayzata joined Eden Prairie in the Lake Conference.

All of the teams in the Classic Lake were part of the Lake Conference until 1993; because of the size of Lake, it had been split into two divisions: Lake Red and Lake Blue.  All of the Classic Lake's schools were all in the Lake Blue conference, except for Robbinsdale Armstrong; most of the remaining schools merged to form a revised Lake Conference.

External links
Official Website

Minnesota high school sports conferences
Lewis B. Smedes

Lewis Benedictus Smedes (August 20, 1921 – December 19, 2002) was a renowned Christian author, ethicist, and theologian in the Reformed tradition. He was a professor of theology and ethics for twenty-five years at Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, California.  His 15 books, including the popular Forgive and Forget: Healing the Hurts We Don't Deserve, covered some important issues including sexuality and forgiveness.

Personal
Lewis Benedictus Smedes was born in 1921, the youngest of five children. His father, Melle Smedes, and mother, Rena, emigrated to the United States from Oostermeer, Friesland in the Netherlands (Rena's original name was Renske.) When he was two months old, his father died in the partially completed house he built in Muskegon, Michigan.

Smedes married Doris Dekker. He died after falling from a ladder at his home in Sierra Madre, California on December 19, 2002. He was survived by his wife, three children, two grandchildren and one brother.

Education
Smedes graduated from Calvin College (B.A.), Calvin Theological Seminary (B.D.), and the Free University of Amsterdam (Th.D).  He pursued other graduate studies at Oxford University in United Kingdom and the University of Basel in Switzerland.

Professional
Smedes began his teaching career at Fuller Theological Seminary as a visiting professor in 1968.  He joined the faculty as full professor in 1970.  He retired in 1995.

After his time at Fuller, Smedes performed several years of pastoral service in the Christian Reformed Church at Madison Avenue Christian Reformed Church (Paterson, NJ), where he was ordained.

Smedes also taught at the Free University in Amsterdam (1968 to 1969) and Calvin College (1957 to 1970) in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Collections of Smedes papers are housed at Calvin University and Fuller Theological Seminary.

Major works
In addition to many articles, Smedes wrote many popular books including:

 Forgive & Forget: Healing the Hurts We Don't Deserve, Harper, 1984
 A Pretty Good Person What it Takes to Live with Courage, Gratitude, & Integrity or When Pretty Good Is as Good as You Can Be, Harper, 1990
 Standing on the Promises
 Choices:  Making Right Decisions in a Complex World
 How Can It Be All Right When Everything Is All Wrong?
 Caring & Commitment:  Learning to Live the Love We Promise
 The Incarnation in Modern Anglo-Catholic Theology
 All Things Made New
 Love Within Limits
 Sex for Christians
 Mere Morality: What God Expects From Ordinary People
 A Life of Distinction
 The Art of Forgiving
 Shame and Grace: Healing the Shame We Don't Deserve
 Keeping Hope Alive
 My God and I, a Spiritual Memoir, Eerdmans, 2003

References
 Mark A. Kellner (December 1, 2002) Lewis Smedes Dead at 81 from Christianity Today
 Lewis Smedes Papers .

1921 births
2002 deaths
American people of Dutch descent
Calvin University alumni
Christian Reformed Church ministers
People from Muskegon, Michigan
Fuller Theological Seminary faculty
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni
University of Basel alumni
Alumni of the University of Oxford
People from Sierra Madre, California
20th-century American clergy