alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Feminists Against Censorship

Feminists Against Censorship (FAC) is a large network of women founded in 1989 in the United Kingdom to present the feminist arguments against censorship, particularly of sexual materials, and to defend individual sexual expression.

FAC originally came together in response to the passage of a resolution by the annual general meeting of the National Council for Civil Liberties in 1989 condemning pornography.  Spearheaded by British activists Linda Semple and Roz Kaveney, meetings of feminists were organised in London to begin producing documents and speaking up for the feminist position in support of free expression.

FAC is unfunded and has no paid staff or offices. Individual members write submissions to government bodies, letters, and other publications. FAC and its members have produced several books presenting research reviews, analysis, and personal experiences related to censorship and pornography.  They are also available to speak to the public and have joined university debates as well as appearing on television and participating in radio discussions.

They are a member of Backlash, which was formed in 2005 in order to oppose a new law criminalising possession of "extreme pornography". FAC responded to the Government consultation on this law.

See also

 Civil libertarianism
 Civil liberties
 Sex-positive feminism
 Sex-positive movement

References

External links
Feminists Against Censorship web presence:
Facebook group
Former homepage (archived August 2015)

Censorship in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 1989
Freedom of expression organizations
Feminist organisations in the United Kingdom
Sexuality in the United Kingdom
Third-wave feminism
Women's organisations based in the United Kingdom
1989 establishments in the United Kingdom
File exchange

File exchange can refer to 
File eXchange Protocol, a protocol for remotely connecting two computers.
File exchange service sites for exchanging files that are too large for email attachments.
Frankfurt Germany Temple

The Frankfurt Germany Temple is the 43rd constructed and 41st operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).  Located in the city of Friedrichsdorf, Germany, it was built with the same general architecture as the six-spire design used in the Boise, Chicago, and Dallas temples, but it was only given a single-spire.

History
The Frankfurt Germany Temple was announced on April 1, 1981, and originally dedicated on August 28, 1987 by Ezra Taft Benson.  The temple was built on a  plot, has 4 ordinance rooms and 5 sealing rooms, and has a total floor area of . It was the first temple in West Germany.  Germany's first temple was dedicated in Freiberg in June 1985, in what was then part of the German Democratic Republic.

After the reunification of Germany on October 3, 1990, Germany became the second country outside of the United States to have more than one temple, with temples in Frankfurt and Freiberg. The first foreign country with more than one temple had been Canada where, less than six weeks earlier on August 25, 1990, the dedication of the Toronto Ontario Temple had taken place, joining the Cardston Alberta Temple, which was first dedicated in August 1923.  A program of increased temple construction, begun by church president Gordon B. Hinckley in 1998, has since increased the number of temples outside the United States and a number of countries now have more than one temple.

Beginning September 7, 2015, the temple closed for renovations.

On March 5, 2019, the LDS Church announced the public open house that was held from September 13 through September 28, 2019, excluding Sundays. The temple was rededicated on October 20, 2019 by Dieter F. Uchtdorf.

In 2020, along with all the church's other temples, the Frankfurt Germany Temple was closed in response to the coronavirus pandemic.

Presidents
Notable temple presidents include F. Enzio Busche (1987–89) and Edwin Q. Cannon (1989–92).

See also

 Comparison of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
 List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
 List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by geographic region
 Temple architecture (Latter-day Saints)
 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Germany

References

External links
 
 Frankfurt Germany Temple Official site
 Frankfurt Germany Temple at ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org
  Frankfurt Germany Temple page with interior photos

20th-century Latter Day Saint temples
Temples (LDS Church) completed in 1987
Religious buildings and structures in Hesse
Temples in Germany
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Germany
1987 establishments in West Germany
Buildings and structures in Hochtaunuskreis
Ginásio Multidisciplinar

Ginásio Multidisciplinar is an indoor sporting arena located in Campinas, Brazil. The capacity of the arena is 10,000.

Indoor arenas in Brazil
Sport in Campinas
Sports venues in São Paulo (state)
Kate Ford

Kate Ford (born 29 December 1976) is an English actress.  She is known for her portrayal of Tracy Barlow in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street (2002–2007, 2010–present).

Ford was born in Salford, Greater Manchester.  She attended Queen Elizabeth School in Kirkby Lonsdale, Cumbria and Blackpool and The Fylde College, Lancashire. She later trained at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.

Career 

Kate's earliest work is in the music video for The Beatles song "Free as a Bird" in 1995. Some years later in 2002, she appeared in a spin-off episode of the popular BBC1 soap opera EastEnders which revolved around the characters of Ricky Butcher and Bianca Jackson.

Ford took on the role of Tracy Barlow in Coronation Street in  the autumn of 2002. She is the fourth actress to play the role of Tracy Barlow after Christabel Finch played her from her birth in 1977 to 1985, Holly Chamarette taking over from 1985 to 1988 and Dawn Acton playing the role from 1988 to 1999. Ford brought a darker side to the character in the programme, making her more "bitchy" than the simply misunderstood girl the other actresses portrayed.

In 2004 and 2005, Ford was awarded a British Soap Award for "Best Bitch" for her work on Coronation Street and around the same time appeared in a high-profile poster campaign for PETA. In 2007, she was awarded two British Soap Awards, one for Best Actress and another for Best Storyline, which was shared with Samia Smith and Bill Ward.
Ford left Coronation Street after her contract expired in April 2007. In June 2007, she filmed her first role after leaving Coronation Street, as Adele in Blue Murder, a detective drama.

Personal life
Ford married TV producer Jon Connerty on 13 October 2007. She gave birth to a son in 2008.

Ford and Connerty separated in September 2013. She said the separation was "incredibly painful" and that, after seven years of marriage, they will be divorcing. She said, "When Jon and I first parted it was quite hard to put my personal life aside," Ford explained. "But then it became therapeutic to concentrate on my job. People call it 'Doctor Theatre'—when you're acting, you can't worry about things."

References

External links 
 

People from Kirkby Lonsdale
Actresses from Salford
English television actresses
English soap opera actresses
Alumni of the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art
1976 births
Living people
English people of Irish descent
21st-century English actresses
British Soap Award for Best Actress winners
Madrid Chamartín railway station

The Estación de Madrid-Chamartín Clara Campoamor or Madrid Chamartín  is the second major railway station in Madrid, Spain. Located on the northern side of the city, it was built between 1970 and 1975, but more work was carried on into the early 1980s. It then superseded Atocha station, which is located just south of the city centre. However, as the AVE network expanded with a hub at Atocha, Chamartin again became Madrid's second station by passenger volume.

It hosts the railway networks connecting Madrid and north-western Spain, the AVE (high-speed line) from Madrid to Segovia, Valladolid and León and many Cercanías lines (commuter rail), as well as the international line to Lisbon. There are also connections with Atocha. Under the railway station is Chamartín Metro Station, linking with lines 1 and 10 of the Madrid Metro, also for travelling to Madrid City Centre.

Renfe trains platforms and destinations 
Chamartín Renfe train station has 21 platforms, numbered West to East.

Most of the trains attach to the following platforms:

Services

Long-distance trains

Regional trains

Cercanías Madrid

Metro Station
The Chamartín metro station connects Lines 1 and 10, and is located directly below the railway station, accessible by a short sheltered outdoor passage. It has four levels: two mezzanines, and two track levels, with mezzanines between track levels. The upper mezzanine has a few shops and fare gates to enter the station proper, and is connected to the exit. The lower mezzanine currently serves as a way for riders to change direction on either line.

References

External links
Transport of Madrid official 
Renfe commuter trains times
Renfe Long Distance trains times
Madrid train services visitor guide (English)

Line 1 (Madrid Metro) stations
Line 10 (Madrid Metro) stations
Cercanías Madrid stations
Railway stations in Madrid
Railway stations in Spain opened in 1967
Transit centers in Spain
Mineirinho

Mineirinho Arena (officially Estádio Jornalista Felipe Drummond), sometimes called just Mineirinho, is the biggest indoor sporting arena in Brazil. Located in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, the arena holds 25,000 people.

Mineirinho is located in the Sports Complex of Mineirão Stadium in the Pampulha, which was one of the headquarters of the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The nickname (small Mineiro) is due to being located close to the larger Mineirão (big Mineiro), the stadium.

At the time of its construction, the now extinct ADEMG (Administração de Estádios do Estado de Minas Gerais), the organization responsible for building the arena, was administered by sportswriters, who decided to honor Felipe Drummond, one of the most important sportswriters in the history of Minas Gerais, for his work as a journalist.

Events
The Mineirinho Arena is used mainly for volleyball but also hosts an eclectic variety of national and international events, all indoor. The venue is also used for basketball, concerts, indoor football and mixed martial arts.

Sport
Through its history, the arena has hosted many sporting events, including volleyball and UFC. 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship was held at the arena.

Concerts
Mineirinho also hosts concerts. Brazilian musicians such as Xuxa, Roberto Carlos and Sepultura have played at the venue. Notable past international performers include Guns N' Roses, Ozzy Osbourne, Iron Maiden, Scorpions, Chicago, RBD, Ne-Yo, and Rihanna. On October 11, 1990, the British rock musician Eric Clapton played a sold out show at the venue, selling a total of 25,000 concert tickets for the event during his Journeyman World Tour.

See also
List of indoor arenas in Brazil
Mineirão Stadium

References

External links

Indoor arenas in Brazil
Sports venues in Belo Horizonte
Music venues in Brazil
Volleyball venues in Brazil
Basketball venues in Brazil
Wilko (disambiguation)

Wilko may refer to:
 Wilko (company), a British value homeware retail chain, 1930–2023
 Wilko (2023 company), a successor five-store chain
 Wilko (horse), an American racehorse

People with the given name
 Wilko Johnson (1947–2022), English musician
 Wilko de Vogt (born 1975), Dutch football goalkeeper
 Wilko Risser (born 1982), Namibian-German football forward

See also
 Wilco (disambiguation)
 Wilkos, surname
 Jonny Wilkinson (born 1979), English rugby player
 The Maids of Wilko, a 1979 film by Polish director Andrzej Wajda
North-South Corridor

North-South Corridor may refer to:

India
North–South and East–West Corridor, a highway project in India
North-South Corridor (Ahmedabad Metro), a rapid mass transit railway system
North–South Corridor (West Bengal), a highway in Haldia Port to near Farrakka
Kolkata Metro Line 1 or North-South Metro, a mass transit rail line

Other countries
International North–South Transport Corridor, a multi-mode freight transport network in Asia and Europe
North–South Corridor, Adelaide, a road through Adelaide, South Australia
North–South Corridor, Singapore, an expressway in Singapore
North-South Corridor, a component of the Sha Tin to Central Link, a mass transit railway line in Hong Kong

See also
North South Line (disambiguation)
Hugh V. Clarke

Hugh Vincent Clarke (27 November 1919 – 28 November 1996) was an Australian soldier, public servant and author, specialising in military history.

Born in Brisbane, Queensland, on 27 November 1919, Clarke was a cadet surveyor with the Queensland Main Roads Commission. He left the commission to enlist in the 2/10th Field Regiment, 8th Division in July 1940. He served as a bombardier in Malaya and in Singapore before being taken prisoner by the Japanese after the fall of Singapore in February 1942. He was imprisoned in Changi Prison and also forced to work on the infamous Thai-Burma Railway.

After the war, Clarke joined the Commonwealth Public Service and became Director of Information and Public Relations for the Department of External Affairs in Canberra. He retired because of ill health in 1976. He was married with five children.

Bibliography

References

1919 births
1996 deaths
20th-century Australian novelists
20th-century Australian male writers
Australian Army soldiers
Australian male novelists
Australian Army personnel of World War II
20th-century Australian non-fiction writers
Australian prisoners of war
Australian public servants
Australian male short story writers
People from Brisbane
World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
Burma Railway prisoners
Vanguard (synthesizer)

Vanguard was a VSTi and AU software synthesizer created by Canadian independent publisher reFX and Markus Krause from Tone2 Audio.

Production 
Released in 2004, Vanguard was a virtual analog synthesizer with three oscillators, 31 waveforms alongside a unison that goes up to 10-voices, a filter with 13 types, delay, and reverb effects, and stereo pattern controlled trancegate and arpeggiator. Most functions could be automated, such as cutoff frequencies, resonance, ADSR, and LFO. Vanguard worked with any VST-capable host and featured the Trancegate and Arpeggiator tools. A majority of the audio engine was programmed by Markus Krause of Tone2 Audio. The factory presets were made by Manuel Schleis.

Discontinuation and current use
Vanguard was discontinued in 2016. The software can still be downloaded from the reFX website for existing licensed users and can still be played through any DAW that supports 32-bit or 64-bit plugins, namely FL Studio. 

Vanguard is used by many  electronic dance music producers, despite not remaining as prevalent as reFX's Nexus 4 hybrid synthesizer plugin. Vanguard is considered to be an impressive and straightforward synth amongst many producers.

Revival 
In late 2022, reFX announced they had revived the Vanguard synthesizer as Vanguard 2 with an updated vector-based user interface, in addition to 10 new wavetables by Mirko Ruta, 24db ladder filters for lowpass and highpass, a new reverb by Mirko Ruta replacing the old reverb and a distortion effect alongside 136 new factory presets made by Mirko Ruta and other modulation features, such as a new 3rd envelope and a new delay type intended to widen a sound.

References

External links 
refx.com - manufacturer's website
tone2.com - developer of the audio engine

Software synthesizers
Joe Gqabi District Municipality

The Joe Gqabi District Municipality (; ) is one of the seven districts of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is Barkly East. As of 2011, the majority of its 349,768 inhabitants spoke isiXhosa.

Before 1 February 2010, it was known as the Ukhahlamba District Municipality; its name was changed in recognition of Joe Gqabi (1929–1981), an African National Congress member who was a journalist for the New Age, a member of the Umkhonto we Sizwe, and one of the Pretoria Twelve.

Geography

Local municipalities
The district contains the following local municipalities:

Neighbours
Joe Gqabi is surrounded by the following districts:

Demographics
The following statistics are from the 2011 census:

Gender

Ethnic group

Age

Politics

Election results
Election results for Joe Gqabi (prev. Ukhahlamba) in the South African general election, 2004. 
 Population 18 and over: 180 079 [52.76% of total population]
 Total votes: 114 530 [33.55% of total population]
 Voting % estimate: 63.60% votes as a % of population 18 and over

References

External links
 Official website

District municipalities of the Eastern Cape
DL Incognito

Oliver Nestor, better known as DL Incognito, is a Canadian hip hop rapper and producer from Ottawa, Ontario. He is currently signed to URBNET Records but also operates his independent label Nine Planets Hip Hop along with his brother. In 2007 and 2009, he was nominated for a Juno for Best Rap Recording.

Musical career 
DL first started his career in 1999 when he appeared on the Nine Planets Hip Hop compilation Welcome To The Land Of The Lost.

His first solo release was his 2002 release, A Sample and a Drum Machine. Two years later, he released the album Life's a Collection of Experiences.

In 2006, he released Organic Music for a Digital World. Rowald Pruyn of RapReviews gave the album a very favorable 8.5/10, saying "DL Incognito, whose name he interprets as 'delivering lyrics on the down low,' has skills on the mic which are surpassed only by his ability for self-reflection." The album received a Juno nomination.

Following this, he released A Captured Moment in Time in 2008, which like his last albums, also received a Juno nomination.

In 2013, he released the album Someday Is Less Than a Second Away, which features D-Sisive, along with others. Exclaim! gave the album a very favorable review and Chayne Japal said: "His recent efforts have resulted in a fifth album, Someday is Less than a Second Away, a tight, potent record that utilizes his and his collaborators' strengths."

DL Incognito said in an interview that his main goal is "just trying to give Canadian hip-hop an identity." In another interview, he said what inspires him to rap is life: "Life inspires me, all the ups & downs that people go through, current events, happiness, pain, everything is an inspiration. As I continue on this journey I've realized that life's a collection of experiences and my albums are captured moments in time."

Name 
The name 'DL Incognito' means "Delivering Lyrics on the Low".

Personal life 
Nestor is of Haitian and French-Canadian descent.

Discography

Solo albums 

A Sample and a Drum Machine
 Released: July 23, 2002
 Label: Nine Planets Hip Hop
Life's a Collection of Experiences
 Released: November 23, 2004
 Label: Nine Planets Hip Hop
Organic Music for a Digital World 
 Released: June 20, 2006
 Label: Universal Music Canada/URBNET Records
A Captured Moment in Time 
 Released: April 8, 2008
 Label: Nine Planets Hip Hop/URBNET Records
Someday Is Less Than a Second Away
 Released: April 16, 2013
 Label: URBNET Records
What Once Was Will Never Be
 Released: December 2, 2022
 Label: Orng Peel Laab

Singles

"Rugged Raw"
"Spit Forever 2"
"Proof"
"Verbalerity"
"Live In My Element"
"Make a Difference"
"Air Play"

References

External links
 Official website
 DL Incognito at Bandcamp
 DL Incognito at Discogs
 DL Incognito at Soundcloud
 DL Incognito at MySpace

Canadian male rappers
21st-century Canadian rappers
Canadian hip hop record producers
Black Canadian musicians
Canadian people of Haitian descent
Musicians from Ottawa
Living people
Canadian twins
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Canadian male musicians
Colson

Colson is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname
 Audrey Butt Colson (born 1926), British social anthropologist
 Bonzie Colson (born 1996), American basketball player for Maccabi Tel Aviv of the Israeli Basketball Premier League 
 Charles Colson (1931–2012), U.S. counsel for Richard Nixon and (later) evangelical Christian leader; father of Emily Colson
 Christian Colson (born 1968), British film producer
 Clément Colson (1853–1939), French economist
 David Grant Colson (1861–1904), U.S. politician from Kentucky
 Elizabeth Colson (1917-2016), U.S. social anthropologist
 Eugene Colson ( during WWII), Belgian resistance fighter
 Ethalinda Colson (stage name, Kathryn Adams; 1893–1959), U.S. silent film actress
 F. D. Colson (died 1958), U.S. rower, rowing coach, and lawyer
 Gail Colson (born ?), British music manager
 Gary Colson (born 1934), U.S. basketball coach
 Greg Colson (born 1956), U.S. artist known for wall sculptures ("stickmaps", "piecharts", etc.)
 Guillaume-François Colson (1785–1860), French historical painter
 Henri Colson (1819–1900), Belgian engineer, industrialist, professor, and politician
 Jaime Colson (1901–1975), modernist painter of the Dominican Republic
 Jean Claude Gilles Colson (stage name, Bellecour; 1725–1778), French actor
 Jean-François Gilles Colson (1733–1803), French painter
 Jeff Colson (born 1957), U.S. painter and sculptor
 John Colson (1680–1760), British clergyman and mathematician
 Kevin Colson (1937-2018), Australian actor
 Loyd Colson (born 1947), U.S. baseball pitcher
 Ms Von Colson ( 1984), German European Court of Justice plaintiff [see: Von Colson v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen]
 Osborne Colson (1916–2006), Canadian figure skater and coach
 Sam Colson (born 1951), U.S. javelin thrower and Olympic competitor
 Sean Colson (born 1975), U.S. basketball player
 Sydney Colson (born 1989), U.S. basketball player
 Ted Colson (1881–1950), Australian bushman, pastoralist, and pioneer

In fiction:

 Zachary Colson, character from Wing Commander II
 Colson, son of Wulfgar, character from The Icewind Dale Trilogy [see: Wulfgar (Forgotten Realms)]

Given name
 Colson Whitehead (born 1969) U.S. novelist
 Colson Baker (born 1990)

See also
 Colson House, a series of historic homes
 Colsons
 Colston
 Coulson
Conjugacy problem

In abstract algebra, the conjugacy problem for a group G with a given presentation is the decision problem of determining, given two words x and y in G, whether or not they represent conjugate elements of G.  That is, the problem is to determine whether there exists an element z of G such that

The conjugacy problem is also known as the transformation problem.

The conjugacy problem was identified by Max Dehn in 1911 as one of the fundamental decision problems in group theory; the other two being the word problem and the isomorphism problem.  The conjugacy problem contains the word problem as a special case: if x and y are words, deciding if they are the same word is equivalent to deciding if  is the identity, which is the same as deciding if it's conjugate to the identity. In 1912 Dehn gave an algorithm that solves both the word and conjugacy problem for the fundamental groups of closed orientable two-dimensional manifolds of genus greater than or equal to 2 (the genus 0 and genus 1 cases being trivial).

It is known that the conjugacy problem is undecidable for many classes of groups.
Classes of group presentations for which it is known to be soluble include:
 free groups (no defining relators)
 one-relator groups with torsion
 braid groups
 knot groups
 finitely presented conjugacy separable groups
 finitely generated abelian groups (relators include all commutators)
 Gromov-hyperbolic groups
 biautomatic groups
 CAT(0) groups
 Fundamental groups of geometrizable 3-manifolds

References
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Group theory
Paul Reiss

Paul Jacob Reiss (born 1930) was the 14th president of Saint Michael's College. During his tenure, 80 percent of the College's facilities were newly built or renovated, and there was extensive computerization on campus. In 1989, he was an American representative at the Vatican consultation that led to Ex corde Ecclesiae.

Reiss earned a B.S., magna cum laude, from the College of the Holy Cross, an M.A. in sociology from Fordham University in 1954, and a PhD from Harvard University. Reiss taught at Marquette University (1957–1963) and then at Fordham (1963–1985). From 1969 until he left Fordham to become President of Saint Michael's (from which he retired as President Emeritus in 1996) he worked in administration as Dean, Vice President, and Executive Vice President.

Reiss was named Vermont Distinguished citizen of the year in 1996 and was awarded honorary degrees by Middlebury College and Showa University of Japan.
Reiss's published works in sociology are primarily concerned with family, kinship, higher education, and moral values in Catholic education. Since the 1960s, Reiss and his wife Rosemary have tenaciously and successfully overseen the mission of a foundation established by his father Julian to operate summer camps for underserved children from New York City that focus on academics, leadership and recreation in Lake Placid, NY.

Reiss finished his book titled Dad in 2000. The memoir contains stories about his family, mostly referring to the accomplishments of his ancestors.

After his retirement from St Michael's College, Reiss served several years as President of the Lake Placid Sinfonietta and as the founding Chairman of Mercy Care for the Adirondacks. Reiss has been married to the former Rosemary A. Donohue for over 60 years.  They have nine children, 30 grandchildren and nine great-grandchildren.

References 

1930 births
Living people
Fordham University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Saint Michael's College
College of the Holy Cross alumni
Heads of universities and colleges in the United States
Roman Catholic scholars
OR Tambo District Municipality

The OR Tambo District Municipality () is one of the seven districts of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is within the Wild Coast Region. The seat is Mthatha. As of 2011, the vast majority (94%) of its 1,364,943 inhabitants spoke isiXhosa. The district is named after Oliver Tambo. The district code is DC15.

Geography

Neighbours
OR Tambo is surrounded by:
 Alfred Nzo District (DC44) to the north
 the Indian Ocean to the south-east
 Amatole District (DC12) to the south-west
 Chris Hani District (DC13) to the west
 Joe Gqabi District (DC14) to the north-west

Local municipalities
The district contains the following local municipalities:

After the 2011 municipal election, OR Tambo District shrunk, with Mbizana and Ntabankulu local municipalities being transferred to Alfred Nzo District Municipality.

Demographics
The following statistics are from the 2011 census.

Gender

Ethnic group

Age

Politics

Election results
Election results for OR Tambo in the South African general election, 2004.
 Population 18 and over: 782 012 (46.65% of total population)
 Total votes: 496 206 (29.60% of total population)
 Voting % estimate: 63.45% votes as a % of population 18 and over

References

External links
 Official website 

District municipalities of the Eastern Cape
Frankel

Frankel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Benjamin Frankel (1906–1973), British composer
 Bethenny Frankel (born 1970), American chef and reality television personality
 Charles Frankel (1917–1975), American philosopher, known for Charles Frankel Prize
 Cyril Frankel (1921–2017), British director
 Dan Frankel (American politician) (born 1956), member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
 Dan Frankel (British politician) (1900–1988), MP for Mile End, 1935–1945
 Dave Frankel, American attorney, former television weatherman and news anchor
 David Frankel (born 1959), American director, editor, screenwriter, executive producer
 Felice Frankel, American photographer of scientific art images, or artistic science images.
 Gene Frankel (1919–2005), American theater director
 Jacob Frankel (1808–1887), German-born American rabbi
 Jeffrey Frankel (born 1952), American economist
 Jerry Frankel (1930–2018), American musical theatre producer and thoroughbred breeder and owner
 Jonah Frankel (1928–2012), author, Hebrew literature professor and Israel Prize laureate
 Jonah Frankel (businessman) (died 1846), German Jewish businessman, banker and philanthropist
 Jonah Teomim-Frankel (1595–1669), author of the book Kikayon deYona
 Joseph Frankel (musician) (1882–1956), American army band and klezmer bandleader
 Justin Frankel (born 1978), American computer programmer
 Lee K. Frankel (1867–1931), American social worker and insurance executive
 Leó Frankel (1844–1896), Hungarian politician
 Lois Frankel (born 1948), member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida
 Martin Frankel (born 1954), American financier
 Max Frankel (born 1930), American journalist and former New York Times executive editor
 Naomi Frankel (1918–2009), German-Israeli novelist
 Otto Frankel (Otto Herzberg Frankel; 1900–1998), Australian biologist and geneticist of Austrian descent
 Richard B. Frankel, American physicist
 Robert "Bobby" J. Frankel (1941–2009), American thoroughbred race horse trainer
 Sandra Frankel (born 1941), former supervisor of the Town of Brighton, Monroe County, New York
 Susannah Frankel, British fashion journalist and author
 Susy Frankel, New Zealand law academic
 Stan Frankel (1919–1978), American physicist
 Theodore Frankel (1929–2017), American mathematician
 Tomer Frankel (born 2000), Israeli swimmer, European 2018 junior champion in the 100 m freestyle
 William Frankel (1903–2008), editor of the British weekly newspaper, The Jewish Chronicle, from 1958 to 1977
 Zecharias Frankel (1801–1875), Bohemian-German conservative rabbi, historian

See also
 Fränkel/Fraenkel
 Frenkel
 Frankl

Surnames of Jewish origin
Eric Andrews

Eric Montgomery Andrews (1933–2001), also known as E. M. Andrews, was an Australian historian, academic and author. He was born in London and gained his first degree at the University of Oxford. He completed a Doctor of Philosophy at the Australian National University and taught history at the University of Newcastle from 1967.

Andrews' book Isolationism and Appeasement in Australia: Reactions to the European Crises, 1935–1939 has been quoted in the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly.

Bibliography

Books
 
 
 
 
 
 Also published in Chinese as:

References

External links
Newcastle War Society and Culture Symposium, 2 November 2001 – Wayne Reynolds (University of Newcastle): A Scholar of Australian War and Diplomacy: The Views and Methods of Eric Andrews

1933 births
2001 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
20th-century Australian historians
Australian National University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Newcastle (Australia)
Nordstad

Nordstad is a development area in north-central Luxembourg, and a colloquial term to refer to the combined urban areas in the region.  The name is Luxembourgish for 'northern city', but it remains the title, both formal and informal, of the region in any language.

The idea was coined by Luxembourgish economist Adrien Ries on 2 June 1973.  The idea of a unified urban area in the north of the country was put forward to decentralise and diversify the economy, and develop a third major urban area, along with Luxembourg City and the southern Red Lands.

Extent
Nordstad includes a total of fifteen communes, predominantly in the canton of Diekirch, but also including communes in Mersch and Vianden.

The fifteen communes are:
Diekirch canton: Bettendorf, Bourscheid, Diekirch, Ermsdorf, Erpeldange, Ettelbruck, Feulen, Medernach, Mertzig, Reisdorf, and Schieren.
Mersch canton: Bissen, Colmar-Berg, and Nommern.
Vianden canton: Tandel.

Altogether, the fifteen communes have a population of 33,233, or approximately 7% of Luxembourg's total population.  This is over an area of 301.8 km², which is 12% of Luxembourg's territory.  Thus, the whole Nordstad region is more sparsely populated than Luxembourg as a whole, despite Nordstad's name.

Core communes
Development activity in Nordstad is concentrated on the centre, and most urbanised area, formed by the six core communes of Bettendorf, Colmar-Berg, Diekirch, Erpeldange, Ettelbruck, and Schieren.  Except Colmar-Berg, all of them are in Diekirch canton, and lie in the valley of the middle Sauer.  Of the six, Diekirch and Ettelbruck have city status and rank within the top twenty most-populated communes in the Grand Duchy.

As of 2021, the six communes within the core of Nordstad have a combined population of 25,958; this would rank Nordstad as fourth amongst Luxembourg's cities (after Luxembourg City, Esch-sur-Alzette and Differdange, but larger than Dudelange and Pétange).  However, this population is spread over an area of 68.29 km², almost five times the size of Esch.  As the government development agency, the IVL, recognises, for Nordstad to develop into a coherent urban area in actuality and in the public imagination, Nordstad must grow and its existing towns and cities must become more integrated with one another.

Geography of Luxembourg
Diekirch (canton)
Mersch (canton)
Vianden (canton)
Diekirch
Ettelbruck
Pierrick Lilliu

Pierrick Lilliu (born 13 July 1986), is a French rock-singer living in Brittany and was born in Mulhouse, Alsace from a Sardinian father.  He appeared in the French reality show Nouvelle Star and placed 2nd against Myriam Abel on 12 May 2005.

After the show, he recorded his first single, "À cœur ouvert", which he first sang on stage on 19 May and was officially released on 30 May 2005. His album Besoin d'espace (Need of space) went on sale on 17 October 2005.

Lilliu is the eldest of three children in the Lilliu family, and his younger brother, Nyco Lilliu, is also a singer.

Discography

Albums

Singles

Filmography
 2006 : Le héros de la famille by Thierry Klifa.

References

External links 
 Official site
 Official MySpace

1986 births
Living people
Nouvelle Star participants
Musicians from Mulhouse
French people of Sardinian descent
21st-century French singers
21st-century French male singers
Amathole District Municipality

The Amathole District Municipality () is one of the 7 districts of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is East London. As of 2011, over 90% of its 892,637 inhabitants spoke isiXhosa. The district code is DC12. Amathole means "calves", the name of the mountain range and forest which forms the northern boundary of the district.

Government
The Executive Mayor of Amathole District Municipality since 2016 is Khanyile Maneli, the Deputy Mayor is Nomfusi Winnie Nxawe and the Municipal Manager is Thandekile Themba Mnyimba.

Geography

Neighbours
Amathole is surrounded by:
 Chris Hani District (DC13) to the north
 OR Tambo District (DC15) to the north-east
 the Indian Ocean to the south-east
 Sarah Baartman District (DC10) to west

Local municipalities
The district contains the following local municipalities:

Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, following amalgamation of Nxuba (24,264; 2.72%) and Nkonkobe (127,115; 14.24%)] municipalities.

Demographics
The following statistics are from the 2011 census.

Languages

Gender

Ethnic group

Age

Politics

Election results
Election results for Amathole in the South African general election, 2004.
 Population 18 and over: 979,166 [58.83% of total population]
 Total votes: 630,953 [37.91% of total population]
 Voting % estimate: 64.44% votes as a % of population 18 and over

References

External links
 Amathole DM Official Website

District municipalities of the Eastern Cape
Dmitry Smirnov

Dmitry Smirnov may refer to:

Dmitry Matveyevich Smirnov (1919–2005), mathematician
Dmitri Smirnov (tenor) (1882–1944), Russian tenor
Dmitri Smirnov (composer) (Dmitri Nikolaevich Smirnov, 1948–2020), Russian-British composer
Dmitry Smirnov (entrepreneur) (born 1958), Russian politician, executive, and entrepreneur
Dmitri Smirnov (footballer, born 1969), Russian football defender/midfielder
Dmitry Smirnov (weightlifter) (born 1973), Russian Olympic weightlifter
Dmitry A. Smirnov (born 1980), Russian football midfielder
Dmitri N. Smirnov (footballer) (born 1980), Russian football centre-back

See also
 Smirnov (surname)
 Smirnoff (surname)
Chris Hani District Municipality

The Chris Hani District Municipality () is a landlocked district municipality situated in the centre of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa and is made up of eight local municipalities. Most of the communities are in rural areas. The landscape ranges from moist uplands and grassland hills to the arid Karoo scrubland.
 
In 2016, the region reported a population of 840 000 people, accounting for 1.5% of South Africa's total population and 12% of the Eastern Cape's total population. Most of the district municipality's employment is based on unskilled labour.

Local Municipalities

In the east are Emalahleni, Dr AB Xuma (previously Engcobo), Intsika Yethu, Sakhisizwe Local Municipality and a section of Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality. These local municipalities were originally part of the Transkei or Ciskei, which were former homelands during Apartheid, designed to separate different ethnic groups. This area is still characterised by its rural settlements and typical subsistence agriculture activities.
 
Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality and Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality are lying in the west. These areas were originally part of the Republic of South Africa during Apartheid.
 
The district’s agricultural industry is identified as dualism since it is divided into the first economy of commercial agriculture and the second economy of subsistence farming. In spite of its significant agricultural outputs, the municipalities are importers of processed food.

Service Delivery
The provision of basic services is particularly limited in the eastern municipalities which are largely rural. Backlogs include the delivery of tap water and adequate sanitation, school infrastructure and tarred roads.

Main Roads
The district is situated on the intersections of the N6 from East London to Aliwal North via Komani, the R61 from Komani to Mthatha through Cofimvaba via Ngcobo and the N10 from Middelburg to Aliwal North via Cradock. Evidence of tarred roads in the rest of the district municipality is below the Eastern Cape’s provincial average – resulting in limited public transportation and access to health care facilities in bigger towns.

Water
The district municipality is situated on the watershed of four river systems. These are namely the Orange River, Great Fish River, Mbashe River and Great Kei River. Surface water sources supply water for most of the towns in the area while only a few rely on groundwater supplies.
 
In rural areas, communities use water from unprotected springs, streams and boreholes. For the commercial farms in the west, the water supply is usually groundwater from boreholes.

References

External links
 Chris Hani DM Official Website

District municipalities of the Eastern Cape
 
Orange River
Frederick Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Frederick Ulrich (German Friedrich Ulrich, 5 April 1591 – 11 August 1634), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was prince of Wolfenbüttel from 1613 until his death.

Life
Frederick Ulrich was the son of Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and his second wife Princess Elisabeth of Denmark, the eldest daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark. Frederick studied at the universities of Helmstedt and Tübingen.

England in 1610
In March 1610 he visited his aunt Anne of Denmark in England, staying at St James Palace with Prince Henry, who took him to see the ship the Prince Royal being built at Woolwich. He took a tour of the South West, visiting Oxford, Gloucester, Bath, and Bristol where news of the assassination of Henry IV of France reached him and ended his tour. The poet Sir David Murray, a gentleman of the household of Prince Henry, managed part of the tour, using £1,000 for expenses. He attended the masques London's Love to Prince Henry and Tethys' Festival. In April he performed in a tournament "running at the ring." The Prince of Wales gave him his portrait painted by Isaac Oliver. James VI and I gave him a jewel and a ring which the duke gave to Princess Elizabeth, bought for £1,900 from Peter Vanlore. After Prince Henry's death in 1612 the duke was sent a suit of gilt armour.

Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
He became ruling duke after the death of his father in 1613. In 1615, Frederick became involved in a war with the City of Brunswick, which was reluctant to recognize his overlordship.

Between 1616 and 1622, he was de facto deposed by his mother, Elizabeth, with the help of her brother, King Christian IV of Denmark, because of his alcoholism; government business was led by Anton von Streithorst, who nearly ruined the state by minting coins from cheap metals and thus causing inflation. Because of the bad situation of the state, Christian had Frederick take control of the government again. With the help of the states' nobility, he managed to regain control; the members of the Streithorst government fled the state.

Because of Frederick's indecision and weakness, Brunswick was heavily ransacked during the Thirty Years' War — both by the Catholic forces of Tilly and Pappenheim and by the Protestant forces of Christian of Denmark and Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. The duke lost most of his territory during this time. He died after an accident in 1634. The principality was eventually ceded to Augustus the Younger in 1635.

Marriage and family
Frederick Ulrich married Anna Sophia (1598-1659), daughter of John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg, in 1614. They had no children and Frederick tried to get a divorce from Anna, though he died before the divorce was completed. Anna Sophia spent her widowhood in Schöningen, where she founded a renowned school, the Anna-Sophianeum.

Ancestors

References

External links
Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, vol. 7, p. 501-505.
At the House of Welf site

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1591 births
1634 deaths
Princes of Calenberg
Princes of Wolfenbüttel
Middle House of Brunswick
Diamond Princess

Diamond Princess can refer to:

 Diamond Princess (album), by American rapper Trina
 Diamond Princess (ship), a cruise ship operated by Princess Cruises
 Princess cut diamond, a popular style of cutting a diamond for jewellery
 Diamond Princess, a 2007 album by Miliyah Kato
Kristin Williamson

Kristin Löfvén Williamson (born 1940) is an Australian journalist and author.

Life
Williamson was born in Melbourne, went to school in Geelong and trained as a teacher. On graduating she took up a scholarship at the University of Florence in Italy to study Italian. She taught drama in Victoria and moved to Sydney in 1979 where she worked for The National Times.

With her second husband David Williamson, she co-wrote the film Touch the Sun:  Princess Kate, she also researched his films The Last Bastion and Gallipoli. She co-produced and wrote for the television series Dog's Head Bay.

She is the sister of Australian filmmaker Chris Löfvén. She and her husband David have five adult children.

Bibliography
The Last Bastion. (Sydney: Landsdowne, 1984) 
Brothers to Us, 1998

References

Australian expatriates in Italy
1940 births
Australian screenwriters
Living people
Drama teachers
University of Florence alumni
Journalists from Melbourne
Seema Biswas

Seema Biswas (born 14 January 1965) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi films and the theatre. She gained prominence after playing the role of Phoolan Devi in Shekhar Kapur's film Bandit Queen (1994), for which she won the National Film Award for Best Actress. She won the 2000 Sangeet Natak Akademi Award and the 2006 Best Actress Genie Award for her role as Shakuntala in Deepa Mehta's Water (2005). Her other mainstream films include Khamoshi: The Musical (1996), for which she won the Screen Award for Best Supporting Actress, Bhoot (2003), Vivah (2006) and Half Girlfriend (2017). In addition to films, Biswas has appeared in many television shows.

Personal life and education
Biswas was born in Nalbari, Assam, to Jagdish Biswas and Meera Biswas. After completing her primary education, she graduated in political science with honours from Nalbari College, Assam. She studied dramatic arts at the National School of Drama in New Delhi.

Career
Biswas played the lead in Krishnan Kartha's Amshini (Hindi), it entered the Indian Panorama Section of Filmotsav 1988. However, the general belief is that she debuted after Shekhar Kapur watched her perform in the NSD Repertory Company and offered her a role in Bandit Queen. Although she had earlier acted in Assamese cinema, this was her first big break into Hindi cinema.

In 1996, she played the role of Flavy, a deaf and mute woman in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Khamoshi: The Musical opposite Nana Patekar and won the Screen Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Rooted firmly in theatre, she refuses to be typecast, and has worked in a variety of films and character roles. She has also worked in Marathi, Malayalam and Tamil films. Some of her Marathi films are Bindhast, Dhyaas Parwa and Lalbaug-Parel.

She has been honoured with the Life Membership of International Film And Television Club of Asian Academy Of Film & Television by the director Sandeep Marwah.

In 2014, Biswas was a jury member of the 45th International Film Festival of India, held from 20 to 30 November at Goa.

Filmography

Films

Television

Web series

Awards

Notes

External links

 

Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Living people
Indian film actresses
National School of Drama alumni
Best Actress Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners
People from Nalbari district
People from Nalbari
Bengali actresses
1965 births
20th-century Indian actresses
21st-century Indian actresses
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Best Actress National Film Award winners
Best Supporting Actress Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners
Filmfare Awards winners
Screen Awards winners
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Actresses in Marathi cinema
Actresses in Assamese cinema
Actresses from Assam
Actresses in Hindi television
Actresses in Punjabi cinema
Actresses in Gujarati cinema
Actresses in Konkani cinema
Actresses in Bhojpuri cinema
Actresses in Bengali cinema
Gato

Gato (Spanish for cat) may refer to:

People 
Gato (given name)
Gato (surname)

Places
 Gato Island, in the Visayan Sea, Philippines
 Gato Island, in the Mochima National Park on the northeastern coast of Venezuela
 Gato, Orocovis, Puerto Rico, a barrio

Animals
Any of a number of species in the Catshark family
El Gato, a cat owned by Jeremy Corbyn and his family

Media
 El Gato: Crime Mangler, comic by American artist Michael Aushenker
 Hombre Gato ("Cat Man"), South American legend

Fictional characters
 Anavel Gato, character in the anime Mobile Suit Gundam 0083: Stardust Memory
 El Gato Negro refers to two comic-book characters featured in the Azteca Productions' Universe
Agustin Guerrero, the original El Gato Negro
Francisco Guerrero, the second and current El Gato Negro
 El Gato, main character in the novel Keeper by Mal Peet
 Poosy Gato, resident cat in American comic strip Gordo
 El Gato, valuable artifact in the movie The Rundown from 2003 starring The Rock, Christopher Walken, Seann William Scott and Rosaria Dawson.

Video games
 Gato (computer game), a real-time submarine simulator first published in 1984 by Spectrum HoloByte for MS-DOS
 Gato, character in Garou: Mark of the Wolves
 Gato, robot in Chrono Trigger

Other software
 Gato (DeepMind), an artificial intelligence demonstration

Submarines
 Gato class submarines (launched 1941–43) of the United States Navy
  (launched 1941), first submarine of the Gato class
  (launched 1964), nuclear submarine used in the Cold War

Music 
 Gato (artform), Argentine musical style and associated dance
 Il Gato, a band from San Francisco
 "El Gato Triste", a jazz song

Sport
 Gatos de Madrid, rugby team which represented Madrid in the Super Ibérica de Rugby league in 2009

See also
 
 
 Los Gatos (disambiguation)
 Gatto, surname
 Guato (disambiguation)