alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
North Kessock

North Kessock (Gaelic: Ceasag a Tuath or Aiseag Cheasaig) is a village on the Black Isle north of Inverness.

Description
North Kessock is the first village encountered over the Kessock Bridge. Now bypassed by the main road to the north (the A9), the village remains quiet. Its counterpart across the Beauly Firth, South Kessock, is a district of Inverness.

History
North Kessock probably existed as early as 1437, when the Dominican monastery in Inverness was granted a charter to operate a ferry to the Black Isle. This was on the pilgrim route north to St Duthac Church in Tain.

Recently the community has been involved in a long running dispute over the location of glass recycling bins.  The matter was settled after a community ballot organised by Highland Council where 67% of those who responded voted to site the bins in the main car park.

Wildlife
North Kessock is a famous spot for watching bottlenose dolphins, which are resident in the Moray Firth – indeed they are the most northerly group of bottlenose dolphins in the world.

See also 
 Clootie well

Footnotes

Populated places on the Black Isle
Holy water sprinkler (disambiguation)

A holy water sprinkler can be:
 an aspergillum, a tool used to sprinkle holy water
 the holy water sprinkler (flail weapon), a medieval flail weapon
Ducati 999

The Ducati 999 is a sport bike made by Ducati from 2003 to 2006. It superseded the Massimo Tamburini designed Ducati 916, Ducati 996 and Ducati 998 range of superbikes. This motorcycle enjoyed great success in World Superbike, and was raced in the series through the 2007 season, despite no longer being produced, pending rules changes by the series' governing body, FIM, to allow competition of the new Ducati 1098.

The 999 was designed by Pierre Terblanche, amid much controversy over its styling. It is known as a high performance, race oriented motorcycle. With its traditional Ducati L Twin Desmodromic Valve actuated engine layout, it has a linear power delivery, with high power and torque figures available even at low RPM. Additionally, with its high spec suspension and trellis chassis, it is one of the finest handling motorcycles for its time. 
The Ducati 999s value and the Ducati 999r value are growing fast.
The most beloved are the later model Monoposto with SBK rear trailing arm.
S and R models in good shape are going over 20.000 euro and rising. 

Subsequently, more powerful 999S and 999R versions were introduced, both capable of 0-62 mph (0-100 km/h) in under three seconds; and a top speed of over .

The 2005 Ducati 999S won the Maxisport category for the prestigious international Masterbike 2005 comparison and finished second overall. It has received critical acclaim from many corners, such as MCN of the U.K. which called it "simply the best V-Twin on the planet", and Motorbikestoday.com, which described it as "the most desirable, most exciting roadbike on the planet" in 2004. MotorcycleUSA.com described it as "stupendous" and "the epitome of V-Twin power." Also known as “the F1 of the motorcycles” in 2005.

Racing
From the start the 999 was very successful in the Superbike World Championship, winning world championships in:
 2003 Neil Hodgson
 2004 James Toseland
 2006 Troy Bayliss
Gregorio Lavilla also won the 2005 BSB Title on a 999 F04.

Specifications

References

999
Sport bikes
Motorcycles introduced in 2003
Motorcycles designed by Pierre Terblanche
Motorcycles powered by V engines
Giru

Giru may refer to:
Giru, Queensland, in Australia
Giru (Dragon Ball GT), a character from the Dragon Ball GT series
Giru of Baekje, third king of Baekje
Giru Qowl, a village in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan
Giru, Iran, a village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran

See also 
 Jiru (disambiguation)
Naeem Ahmed

Naeem Ahmed Khan (born September 20, 1952 in Karachi, Sindh) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played one ODI in 1978.

References 

1952 births
Living people
Pakistan One Day International cricketers
Pakistani cricketers
Karachi Greens cricketers
Karachi Blues cricketers
Karachi Whites cricketers
Pakistan Universities cricketers
National Bank of Pakistan cricketers
Pakistan International Airlines cricketers
Pakistan International Airlines A cricketers
Punjab (Pakistan) cricketers
Sindh cricketers
Cricketers from Karachi
Pier Leoni

Pier Leoni (or Pierleone) ( or ) (died 2 June 1128) was the son of the Jewish convert Leo de Benedicto and founder of the great and important medieval Roman family of the Pierleoni. He was called the Jewish Crassus by Gregorovius.

Pierleone himself was a consul of the eternal city in the early twelfth century. He was one of the regents of the city itself when Pope Paschal II left in 1108 to deal with raising troops. "Rome remained the pit of daily rebellion," as Gregorovius says.

In 1111, Pierleone negotiated the imperial coronation of the Emperor Henry V.

Ever a faithful ally of the pope, in 1117, he retook Rome for him, but was subsequently holed up in his tower by Ptolemy I of Tusculum.

After the election of Bishop John of Gaeta as Gelasius II on 24 January 1118, the new pope was thrown into prison by Cencio II Frangipane. It was Pierleone, with his son Peter, Peter the prefect of the city, and the papal gonfalonier Stephen the Norman, who restored the pope's freedom.

Pierleone held the Theatre of Marcellus, Tiber Island, and the Castel Sant'Angelo, fortress of the popes. He was the greatest man in Rome in his time, the grandson of a Jew of Trastevere. His large marble sarcophagus is preserved in the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. Its inscription reads, "a man without an equal, immeasurably rich in money and children." Of these children, he left several sons: Leo, Peter (later Antipope Anacletus II), Jordan (later Patrician of the Commune of Rome), Roger, and Huguizon. It is said that his daughter married Roger I of Sicily.

Sources
Gregorovius, Ferdinand. Rome in the Middle Ages Vol. IV. trans. Annie Hamilton. 1905.

1128 deaths
12th-century Italian Jews
12th-century Italian people
Petrus Leo
Year of birth unknown
Saleem Pervez

Saleem Pervez (September 9, 1947, Lahore, Punjab – 24 April 2013) was a Pakistani cricketer who played one ODI in 1980.

References

External links

1947 births
2013 deaths
Pakistan One Day International cricketers
Pakistani cricketers
Pakistan Railways cricketers
National Bank of Pakistan cricketers
Cricketers from Lahore
Thomas O'Brien

Thomas O’Brien, Tom O’Brien, or Tommy O'Brien may refer to:

Politicians
Thomas C. O'Brien (1887–1951), American politician and lawyer
Thomas J. O'Brien (Illinois politician) (1878–1964), Illinois politician
Thomas J. O'Brien (Massachusetts politician) (contemporary), Massachusetts State Representative
Thomas J. O'Brien (Michigan politician) (1842–1933), Michigan politician and U.S. ambassador
Thomas P. O'Brien (born 1960), former United States Attorney for the Central District of California
Sir Tom O'Brien (trade unionist) (1900–1970), British trade unionist and Member of Parliament

Sportspeople
Thomas O'Brien (footballer) (born 1991), Scottish footballer
Tom O'Brien (American football) (born 1948), former American college football coach at NC State
Tom O'Brien (footballer, born 1889) (1889–1963), Australian rules footballer for University
Tom O'Brien (footballer, born 1904) (1904–1983), Australian rules footballer for Melbourne
Tom O'Brien (jockey) (born 1986), Irish jockey
Tom O'Brien (outfielder) (1873–1901), Major League Baseball outfielder/infielder
Tom O'Brien (second baseman) (1860–1921), baseball player
Tommy O'Brien (baseball) (1918–1978), Major League Baseball outfielder
Tommy O'Brien (rugby union), Irish rugby union player
Tommy O'Brien (basketball), American basketball player

Others
Thomas O'Brien (bishop) (1792–1874), Church of Ireland Bishop of Ossory, Ferns, and Leighlin
Thomas O'Brien (interior designer) (born 1961), American designer
Thomas D. O'Brien (1859–1935), co-founder of William Mitchell College of Law
Thomas J. O'Brien (bishop) (1935-2018), Bishop of Phoenix, 1982–2003
Thomas W. O'Brien (1859–1916), Canadian entrepreneur and pioneer
Thomas Alexander O'Brien (1888–1948), New Zealand cinema owner and entrepreneur
 Tom O'Brien (actor, born 1890) (1890-1947), American film actor
Tom O'Brien (actor) (born 1965), American film actor
Tom O'Brien (swindler) (1851–1904), American confidence man and swindler
Saadat Ali

Saadat Ali (born 6 February 1955) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played eight One Day Internationals for Pakistan in 1984. He has the distinction of being the first Pakistani to carry his bat in a one-day international when he was 78 not out.

Career 
Ali made his first-class debut in the 1973–74 season and his List A debut in 1974–75. Ali made his national team debut on 9 March 1984 at Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore against England. He played a further seven matches for his country, with the last of them held on 7 December 1984 at Multan Cricket Stadium against New Zealand. He continued to played first-class cricket until the 1988–89 season. He retired from List A cricket till 1989–90.

He held the national record for the most first-class runs in a season for House Building Finance Corporation and Lahore City Whites in 1983–84.

Ali became a match referee after his retirement. He has overseen 110 first-class, 63 List A, and 28 T20 matches, with the last of them held on 27 January 2015.

Personal life 
Saadat was born in Lahore, Punjab on 6 February 1955. His brother, Ashraf Ali, is also a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 8 Tests and 16 ODIs from 1980 to 1987.

References

External links 

1955 births
Living people
Pakistan One Day International cricketers
Pakistani cricketers
Lahore Greens cricketers
Lahore A cricketers
Punjab A cricketers
Income Tax Department cricketers
Pakistan Railways cricketers
Lahore City cricketers
Lahore City Whites cricketers
House Building Finance Corporation cricketers
United Bank Limited cricketers
Lahore City Blues cricketers
Punjab (Pakistan) cricketers
Cricketers from Lahore
Napoléon Henri Reber

Napoléon Henri Reber (21 October 1807 – 24 November 1880) was a French composer.

Life and career
Reber was born in Mulhouse, Alsace, and studied with Anton Reicha and Jean François Lesueur, wrote chamber music, and set to music works of French poets. He became professor of harmony at the Conservatoire de Paris in 1851, succeeded Fromental Halévy as professor of composition in 1862 and served as inspector of the branch conservatories. In 1853, he was elected to the chair previously occupied by George Onslow in the Académie des Beaux Arts.

His instrumental arrangement of Frédéric Chopin's Funeral March from the Funeral March Sonata was played at the graveside during Chopin's burial at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris on 30 October 1849.
 
He was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honour in 1855, and an officer in 1870. On his death, he was succeeded as a member of the Institut by Camille Saint-Saëns. Notable students include Adolphe Danhauser and Jules Massenet.

Reber died in Paris.

Works
Among his works are a ballet, Le Diable amoureux (written jointly with François Benoist, 1840); the comic operas, Le Nuit de Noël (1848), Le Père Gaillard (1852), Les Papillotes de M. Benoist (1853), and Les Dames capitaines (1857); four symphonies, and much chamber music. He wrote a Traité d'harmonie (1862), which went through many editions.

Reber's compositions include a string quintet (his opus 1; with extra cello), two string quartets, a piano quartet (1866) and seven piano trios, and the four symphonies mentioned below:

 Symphony No. 1 in D minor 
 Symphony No. 2 in C major (published by Richault of Paris)
 Symphony No. 3 in E major (apparently by 1850; published by Richault of Paris )
 Symphony No. 4 in G major (apparently by 1850; published by Richault of Paris )

References

External links
 
 
 

1807 births
1880 deaths
19th-century classical composers
19th-century French composers
Academic staff of the Conservatoire de Paris
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Conservatoire de Paris alumni
French ballet composers
French male classical composers
French male non-fiction writers
French music theorists
French opera composers
French Romantic composers
Male opera composers
Musicians from Mulhouse
Pupils of Anton Reicha
Pupils of Jean-François Le Sueur
19th-century French male musicians
19th-century musicologists
Dodro

Dodro is a municipality of  northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is located along with lower reaches and at the mouth of the Ulla river, which is a continuation of the Ría de Arosa.

References

Municipalities in the Province of A Coruña
Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône-Quartier de l'Église station

Quartier de l'Église is a railway station in the town of Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône, France. It is situated to the south of the town-centre at the level crossing with the Chaussée Jules César.

The station opened in 1877 and was originally called Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône, but with recent railway line constructions the number of stations in Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône was getting confusing, and as the station was not the principal station for the town and its location was near the town's church, the suffix Quartier de l'Église was added.

The station building is a small cottage situated at the level crossing which is used for ticket selling as well as the transport police. The line serving the station is a two track line with two side platforms. There is no footbridge and a crossover at the level crossing is available to change platforms.

The station is served by one service only, with some trains not continuing to Gisors and terminating at Pontoise.

See also
Railway network in the St-Ouen l'Aumône area

External links
 

Railway stations in Val-d'Oise
Railway stations in France opened in 1877
Dumbría

Dumbría is a municipality of northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia. It belongs to the comarca of Fisterra. It had a population of 2983 inhabitants in 2019.

References

Municipalities in the Province of A Coruña
Masood Iqbal

Masood Iqbal Qureshi (17 April 1952, Lahore, Punjab – 31 October 2003) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in a single One-day International (ODI) event in 1984. Prior to his international debut, Qureshi had toured Australia and New Zealand in 1972/73 and England in 1978, but was unable to play a Test match during either tour.

References

External links

1952 births
2003 deaths
Pakistan One Day International cricketers
Pakistani cricketers
Lahore cricketers
Lahore A cricketers
Lahore Greens cricketers
Punjab University cricketers
Lahore Blues cricketers
Punjab A cricketers
Habib Bank Limited cricketers
Lahore City Blues cricketers
Lahore City Whites cricketers
Punjab (Pakistan) cricketers
Cricketers from Lahore
Metromedia (disambiguation)

Metromedia is an American media company.

Metromedia can also mean:

 Metromedia Fiber Network, Inc., later AboveNet
 Metromedia Restaurant Group
 Metromedia Square, the former Fox Television Center broadcast facility
 Metromedia, the post-1971 name for the sound system Tom the Great Sebastian
Aaron Padilla

Aaron Padilla may refer to:

 Aarón Padilla (footballer, born 1942), Mexican football forward
 Aaron Padilla (artist), American artist and art director
 Aarón Padilla (footballer, born 1977), Mexican football manager and former striker, son of footballer born 1942
Fletcher, Jennings & Co.

Fletcher, Jennings & Co.  was an engineering company at Lowca near Whitehaven, Cumberland, England.

Overview

Fletcher and Jennings  took over the business of Tulk and Ley in 1857. From then, until 1884, the company concentrated on four and six-coupled industrial tank locomotives, although other goods such as bridge girders, and blast-furnace shells for the burgeoning local iron industry, were also produced. By then nearly two hundred locomotives had been built and the company acquired limited liability as Lowca Engineering Company Ltd.

In 1905, the name changed again to the New Lowca Engineering Company Ltd., but the company was receiving fewer orders. After a disastrous fire in 1912, all production ceased and the company being finally wound up in 1927.

Surviving locomotives
Preserved locomotives manufactured by the company include:

Other locomotives

Other locomotives manufactured by the company include:

Brigham Hall/Rothersyke of the Cleator & Workington junction railway

In fiction
The fictional locomotives Skarloey and Rheneas from The Railway Series and Thomas and Friends, were built by Fletcher, Jennings & Co. (being the twins of Talyllyn and Dolgoch, respectively) Captain Baxter also made an appearance in Railway Series book 18 Stepney the "Bluebell" Engine.

Captain Baxter appeared in the movie Muppets Most Wanted. However, he was modified to look like an old American locomotive and was renamed to "Randy Stevenot No.3".

Sources

 Kyle, Ian "Steam from Lowca" (1974)
 Wear, Russell "Some further notes on the Lowca Works", Cumbrian Railways, Feb 2002
 

Locomotive manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Companies based in Cumbria
Fletcher, Jennings locomotives
Thomas Foley (died 1677)

Thomas Foley (1617–1677)  was an English ironmaster and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1659 and 1677.

Life
Foley was the eldest son of Richard Foley and his second wife Alice Brindley, herself the daughter of Sir William Brindley of Willenhall. His father was a prominent Midlands ironmaster of Stourbridge. Foley took over his father's business and made great profits from it in the 1650s and 1660s, which he used to buy estates. He was appointed High Sheriff of Worcestershire for 1656–57.

In 1659 he was elected Member of Parliament for Worcestershire in the Third Protectorate Parliament. He was elected MP for Bewdley in 1660 for the Convention Parliament. In 1673 he was elected MP for Bewdley in a by-election to the Cavalier Parliament.

Foley built Witley Court. In the late 1660s, he founded a bluecoat school at Stourbridge known as Old Swinford Hospital, which he endowed in his will.

Foley married Anne Browne, daughter of John Browne.  They had four sons and two daughters:
 Thomas Foley, whose granddaughter Elizabeth Foley married Robert Harley, later Prime Minister.
 Paul Foley, father of two politicians 
 Philip Foley
 Samuel Foley
 Martha Foley
 Sarah Foley

He handed his business over to his sons.

References

 

 

1617 births
1677 deaths
English ironmasters
Founders of English schools and colleges
English MPs 1659
English MPs 1660
English MPs 1661–1679
Thomas
High Sheriffs of Worcestershire
17th-century philanthropists
Members of the Parliament of England for Worcestershire
Click-B

Click-B (클릭비) is a South Korean boy group and band formed in August 1999 under DSP Media. Click-B started out as a band combining rock and dance beats in their music. They became a four member group in 2002, with several member changes over the next few years. In 2015, the group made a seven member comeback with the single album Reborn.

History
Click-B formed in August 1999 under Daesung Entertainment (now DSP Media).

The band split in 2002, with 4 members remaining. In 2003, the 4th album was released with Woo Yun-suk, Oh Jong-hyuk, Kim Sang-hyuk, and Kim Tae-hyung. In 2004, they joined the k-pop duo, J-Walk (consisting of two previous Sechskies members Jang Suwon and Kim Jaeduck) to form a project band, JnC. After JnC, member Kim Tae Hyung left the group to pursue personal interests.

In 2006, Click-B (with the previous arrangement of 3 remaining members Oh Jong-hyuk, Woo Yun-suk and Kim Sang-hyuk) released their 5th album "Smile".

In 2011, Click-B (with all seven members) got together for a brief comeback with two new singles, "To Be Continued" in April and "빈 자리 (Empty Seat)" in November.

On December 14, 2013, DSP Media organized a concert 'DSP Festival' at Jamshil Arena where Click-B performed as a group along with other artists under the same management. A few members were absent for various reasons: Evan (Yoo Ho-suk) was still serving his military obligation, Kim Sang-hyuk was on hiatus from the entertainment industry and Kang Hoo (Kim Tae-hyung) was busy with his acting career.

In August 2015, a comeback with all seven members was announced, later confirmed for October. DSP Media announced the group would hold its first concert after thirteen years since debut, "7-3=7" on November 21. The group released "Reborn" on October 21.

Members
 Kim Tae-hyung (김태형)
 Woo Yun-suk (우연석)
 Oh Jong-hyuk (오종혁)
 Kim Sang-hyuk (김상혁)
 Ha Hyun-gon (하현곤)
 Yoo Ho-suk (유호석)
 No Min-hyuk (노민혁)

Discography

Studio albums 
Click-B (1999)
Challenge (2000)
Click-B3 (2001)
Cowboy (2003)

Compilation albums 

 To You (너에게) (2002)
 The Best of Click-B (2004)
 Smile (2006)

Singles
"Reborn" (2015)

Digital singles 
"To Be Continued" (2011)
"Empty Seat" (빈 자리, 2011)

Concert and tour 

 Click-B in Live Festival (2000)
 The Legend of Seven Princes (2001)
 Click-B Concert "Growing Up" (2002)
 Click-B Concert "A Midsummer Night" (2002)
 #3 Live Concert (2003)
 7-3=7 (2015)

Awards

Mnet Asian Music Awards

References

External links 

  
  
 MTV K video listings

South Korean boy bands
Musical groups established in 1999
K-pop music groups
DSP Media artists
Musical groups disestablished in 2002
1999 establishments in South Korea
Mount Idaho, Idaho

Mount Idaho is a ghost town the western United States, located in Idaho County, Idaho. The town served as county seat of Idaho County from 1875 to 1902.

History 
A  stretch of trail opened in 1860 in the Mount Idaho area is believed to be one of the earliest examples of a toll road on record in the region. According to local legend, the owner of this road, Mose Milner, was forced to sell the area to Loyal P. Brown after being permanently disabled in a fight with a mountain lion. Brown is considered the founder of Mount Idaho.

The town of Mount Idaho was founded around 1862 as an outpost serving nearby gold mining areas. By 1873 Mount Idaho was connected by stagecoach with Lewiston.

During the Nez Perce War of 1877, a hotel in Mount Idaho served as a hospital. Some of the dead from that conflict were buried in the town's cemetery. The Battle of White Bird Canyon was fought nearby on June 17.

By 1892, Mount Idaho was in competition with nearby Grangeville, some  northwest, as the main town in Idaho County. The county seat was moved from Mount Idaho to Grangeville ten years later. By 1922, when the town's post office closed, Mount Idaho had been effectively assimilated by Grangeville.

References

External links
Mount Idaho - Idaho Ghost Town

Geography of Idaho County, Idaho
Ghost towns in Idaho
Ghost towns in Idaho County, Idaho
José Rivero

José Rivero (born 20 September 1955) is a Spanish professional golfer.

Career
He started his golf career as a caddie and turned professional in 1973. He was a full member of the European Tour from 1983 to 2001 and he won four European Tour events. He made the top fifteen on the Order of Merit five times, including a best of tenth in 1988.

Rivero was a member of the first two winning European Ryder Cup teams after the inclusion of Continental European players, at The Belfry in 1985 and Muirfield Village in 1987. He represented Spain in the Alfred Dunhill Cup and the World Cup on many occasions, winning the latter in 1984 in partnership with José María Cañizares.

Rivero became eligible for senior golf in September 2005. He played four events on the European Senior Tour that year and placed in the top six in each of them. His first win as a senior came at the 2006 DGM Barbados Open.

Professional wins (9)

European Tour wins (4)

European Tour playoff record (0–1)

Other wins (2)
1984 World Cup (with José María Cañizares)
1998 Oki APG (Spain)

European Senior Tour wins (3)

European Senior Tour playoff record (1–0)

Results in major championships

Note: Rivero only played in The Open Championship.

CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" indicates a tie for a place

Team appearances
Hennessy Cognac Cup (representing Spain): 1984
World Cup (representing Spain): 1984 (winners), 1987, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
Ryder Cup (representing Europe): 1985 (winners), 1987 (winners)
Dunhill Cup (representing Spain): 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
Kirin Cup (representing Europe): 1988

References

External links

Spanish male golfers
European Tour golfers
European Senior Tour golfers
PGA Tour Champions golfers
Ryder Cup competitors for Europe
Golfers from Madrid
1955 births
Living people
20th-century Spanish people
21st-century Spanish people
American Law Library

The "American Law Library" series are a series of Chinese books that are translated from American law textbooks.

In 2000, the Public Affairs Section of the American Embassy to the People's Republic of China and the China University of Political Science and Law Publishing House—as part of the US and China Presidential Rule of Law Initiative—agreed to cooperate to translate hundreds of American law textbooks into Chinese and publish Chinese editions.

List of translated books
 Jonathan Rosenoer, Cyber law: the Law of the Internet
 Karl N. Llewellyn, The Common Law Tradition
 Edward H. Levi, An Introduction to the Legal Reasoning
 Richard A. Posner, Overcoming  Law
 Cass R. Sunstein, Free Markets and Social Justice
 Henry Hansmann, The Ownership of Enterprise
 Paul Brest, Sanford Lexinson, Akhil Reed Amar, et al., Process of Constitutional Decisionmaking
 Robert A. Gorman, Basic Text on Labor Law: Unionization and Collective Bargaining
 Robert C. Ellickson, Order without Law: How Neighbors Settle Disputes
 David G. Epstein et al., Bankruptcy
 Roscoe Pound, Law and Morals
 Robert C. Stevens, Law School
 Mirjan R. Damaska, Evidence Law Adrift
 Thomas Lee Hazen, The Law of Securities Regulation
 Howell E. Jackson, Edward L. Symmons, Regulation of Financial Institutions
 Morton J. Horwitz, The Warren Court and the Pursuit of Justice
 Eric A. Posner, Law and Social Norms
 George P. Fletcher, Basic Concepts of Criminal Law
 Christopher Wolfe, Judicial Activism
 Richard A. Epstein, Simple Rules for a Complex World
 Robert P. Merges, Intellectual Property in the New Technological Age
 John W. Strong, Mccormick on Evidence
 Stephen Judge, Business Law
 Mary Kay Kane et al., Civil Procedure
 Wayne R. LaFave, Criminal Procedure
 Morton J. Horwitz, The Transformation of American Law
 Stephen N. Subrin et al., Civil Procedure: Doctrine
 Kate Standley, Family Law
 Robert G. Mccloskey and Sanford Levinson, The American Supreme Court
 Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., Common Law
 George B. Vold et al., Theoretical Criminology 
 Henry Mather, Contract Law and Morality
 Stephen M. Feldman, American Legal Thoughts from Pre-medoenism to Post-modernism
 Akhil Reed Amar, The Constitution and Criminal Procedure: First Principles
 John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights
 P. S. Atiyah, Form and Substance in Anglo-American Law
 Judith N. Shklar, Legalism: Law, Morals and Political Trials
 Matthias W. Stecher, Webvertising: Unfair Competition and Trademarks on the Internet
 Graham Romp, Game Theory Introduction and Applications
 H. L. A. Hart, Causation in the Law
 Bernard Schwartz, A History of the Supreme Court
 Louis Henkin, International Law: Politics and Values
 David Luban, Legal Modernism
 Stephen B. Goldberg, Frank E. A. Sander, Nancy H. Rogers, Sarah Rudolph Cole, Dispute Resolution: Negotiation, Mediation, and Other Processes

External links
 Introduction to American Law Library at US Embassy to China

Series of books
Santa Maria degli Angeli

Santa Maria degli Angeli ("St. Mary of the Angels") is the name of several churches in Italy and one in Libya. They include:

Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri, a basilica in Rome, created by Michelangelo in the Baths of Diocletian
Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Assisi
Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence
Santa Maria degli Angeli, Milan, best known as Sant'Angelo
Santa Maria degli Angeli (Venice), in the island of Murano, Venice
Santa Maria degli Angeli in Perugia
Santa Maria degli Angeli (Tripoli) in Tripoli

Places
Santa Maria degli Angeli (Assisi), a civil parish (frazione) of Assisi

de:Sankt Maria von den Engeln
2006 Tonga earthquake

The 2006 Tonga earthquake occurred on 4 May at  with a moment magnitude of 8.0 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (very strong). One injury occurred and a non-destructive tsunami was observed.

Earthquake
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii issued a warning 17 minutes after the earthquake for coastal areas around the Pacific. An hour later, the center downgraded the warning to only the region within 600 miles of the epicenter, and an hour after that, it canceled the alert. The earthquake was followed by a pair of large aftershocks the next day.

Damage
The event caused very limited damage. The previous large earthquake in Tonga, in 1977, was of a lower magnitude but resulted in more severe damage. A likely cause is that the 2006 quake generated other frequencies that only resulted in resonance in small items. In shops, cans and bottles fell from shelves.

The century-old Catholic church in Lapaha had new cracks in the tower and several stones fell down, leaving the steeple in a somewhat unstable position.
The tower of a 60-year-old church of the Free church of Tonga in Veitongo collapsed, the steeple came down and several walls cracked beyond repair.
A Korean business man jumped in panic from his second floor hotel room and was hurt in the fall. He was brought to the hospital where he had to wait a long time for any help as power was off and most staff off duty (as that day was a public holiday).
The American wharf in Nukualofa sustained cracks in addition to those caused by the 1977 earthquake.
A ship, sunk in 1949 near Toula, Vavau apparently burst open and its load of copra came floating to the ocean surface.
A landslide occurred at Hunga island in Vavau, when the ground at a steep cliff along the shore began sliding into the sea.
In Haapai, the islands closest to the epicentre, the wharf was damaged and a number of water-pipes and telephone lines were broken. Niuui hospital was damaged.

Tsunami
Since the earthquake occurred underwater, tsunami warnings were issued, but then lifted. A small tsunami was observed. Later analysis showed the earthquake to be a slab-tearing event and so less conducive to tsunami generation.

See also
List of earthquakes in 2006
List of earthquakes in Tonga

References

External links
Poster of the Tonga Earthquake of 3 May 2006 - Magnitude 7.9 – United States Geological Survey

2006 Tonga
Tonga
Tonga Earthquake, 2006
May 2006 events in Oceania
2006 disasters in Oceania
Shoulder pad (sport)

Shoulder pads are a piece of protective equipment used in many contact sports such as gridiron football, lacrosse, and ice hockey and some non-contact sports such as ringette. Most modern shoulder pads consist of a shock absorbing foam material with a hard plastic outer covering. The pieces are usually secured by rivets or strings that the user can tie to adjust the size.

History  

The first football shoulder pads were created by Princeton University student L.P. Smock in 1877. These were made of leather and wool and were thin, light, and did not provide much protection. In the early years of the 1900s decade, many young football players were killed while playing the sport due to the ferocity of the sport combined with the lack of sufficient protection. In 1905 President Theodore Roosevelt took the initiative to clean up the sport. He decried football as a dangerous sport and certain actions needed to be taken so that the sport could remain legal.  These shoulder pads were sewn into the players' jerseys rather than being worn as a separate piece of equipment.  Allegedly Pop Warner was the first to have his players wear shoulder pads. When he was coaching at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, he was the first one to use pads made of fiber rather than cotton. The traditional, separate, over the head shoulder pads first made an appearance around 1910 to help make football a safer sport--these are the same style shoulder pads still used today. However, many players still did not use shoulder pads until the 1950s. In the 1960s, newer technology allowed companies to produce shoulder pads that were made of foam with an outer shell of hard plastic, offering improved protection when being hit. The drawback to these pads were that they did not have very much ventilation. Limited ventilation caused players to dehydrate quicker. This issue was fixed in the 1990s when synthetic fibers were added, making the shoulder pads more breathable.

See also
 Protective equipment in gridiron football
 American football

References

American football equipment
Armwear
Protective gear
Shoulder
Côa River

The Côa River () is a tributary of the Douro River, in central and northeastern Portugal. It is one of the few Portuguese rivers that flows south to north. It flows through the municipalities of Sabugal, Almeida, Pinhel, Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo and Vila Nova de Foz Côa, all located in the Guarda District. Over  of land in the Greater Côa Valley have been set aside for rewilding and conservation as Natura 2000 areas.

Thousands of ancient carvings in stone were discovered in the Côa Valley in the 1980s and 1990s. These are of particular interest due to the high concentration of Paleolithic art, and because these carvings are found outside of caves, on rocks in plain sight: Jean Clottes, a prominent French prehistorian, had confirmed that "is the biggest open air site of paleolithic art in Europe, if not in the world".  Subsequent researches have led to a consensus that the images there belong to two groups: highly visible pecked Gravettian figures and smaller, less visible Magdalenian engravings.

The drawings attracted worldwide attention when plans to build a hydroelectric dam across the Côa Valley threatened to submerge them. Although hydroelectric development was already well underway, outcry from locals, the scientific community and the media led to dam construction being halted in 1995 after a change in the national government following elections. A significant proportion of the drawings in the Canada do Inferno area were already underwater by that time. The Côa Valley Archaeological Park, opened in 1996, was declared a protected UNESCO world heritage site in 1998.

The Côa river was also the site of the Côa Battle during  the Peninsular War. 
There are several castles along Terras de Riba-Côa, such as the Castle of Sabugal and the Castle of Pinhel.

References 

Rivers of Portugal
Geography of Guarda District
Passover (disambiguation)

Passover is a major Jewish holiday that commemorates the Exodus of the Israelite people from Egypt, as described in the Torah.

Passover may also refer to:
Passover (Samaritan holiday), a holiday in the Samaritan religion, based on the story of the Israelite Exodus described in the Samaritan Torah
Passover (Christian holiday), a holiday among some Christian groups, derived from the Jewish observance and often linked with Easter
Passover, Missouri, a community in the United States
"Passover" (Rome), an episode of Rome
Passover (album),  an album by the Black Angels
"Passover", a song by Joy Division from Closer
"The Passover", a song by the Soundtrack of Our Lives from Communion
Pass Over, a 2018 film by Spike Lee of the Antoinette Nwandu play

See also
Pascha (disambiguation)
Korban Pesach, the Hebrew language term for Passover sacrifice
"A Rugrats Passover", a Rugrats episode
Bad Bibra

Bad Bibra () is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated northwest of Naumburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") An der Finne. Since July 2009 it has included the former municipalities of Altenroda, Golzen and Thalwinkel. In 2020, the town gained media attention for selling Deutsches Reichsbräu, a neo-nazi style beer.

Personality 

 Erdmann Neumeister (1671-1756), hymns poet and theologian; from 1696 pastor in Bibra and to 1700/1702 author of the poem "Nachdenckliche Betrachtungen des curieusen Brunnengastes zu Biebra".(Considerations about the spa tourists in Biebra)
 Christoph Förster (1693-1745), composer and violinist
 Friedrich Zippel (1887-1960) was a Protestant priest, a member of the Confessing Church (BK), NS Victim and prisoner in Dachau concentration camp.
 Friedrich August Ludwig Nietzsche (1756-1826) in Eilenburg), German theologian, grandfather of the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.

References 

Burgenlandkreis
Spa towns in Germany
Eckartsberga

Eckartsberga () is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated west of Naumburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") An der Finne. Since 2009 it has included the former municipalities of Burgholzhausen and Tromsdorf.

People
 Ludwig Abel (1835-1895), violinist and composer
 Klaus Agthe (born 1930), businessman and author
 Peter Frenkel (born 1939), athlete
 Rolf Friedemann Pauls (1915-2002), diplomat
 Ferdinand Rudow (1840-1920), entomologist

References

Burgenlandkreis
Robert Harley

Robert Harley may refer to:

Politicians
Robert Harley (1579–1656), English statesman, Member of Parliament for Radnor and Herefordshire
Robert Harley (died 1673) (1626–1673), British Member of Parliament for Radnor
Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (1661–1724), Member of Parliament for Radnor and Tregony
Robert Harley (c. 1706 – 1774), Member of Parliament for Leominster, 1731–1741 and 1742–1747, and Droitwich
Robert William Harley (1829–1892), British colonial administrator

Others
Robert Harley (mathematician) (1828–1910), English Congregational minister
Robert Harley (writer), British comedy writer
Bob Harley (1888–1958), Canadian soccer player
Rob Harley (born 1990), Scottish rugby union player
Tony Grant

Tony Grant is the name of:

 Tony Grant (Irish footballer) (born 1976)
 Tony Grant (English footballer) (born 1974)
 Tony Grant (singer) (born 1967), American singer and stage actor
 Toni Grant (1942–2016), American psychologist and radio talk show host

See also
 Anthony Grant (disambiguation)
Laucha an der Unstrut

Laucha an der Unstrut (English: Laucha on the Unstrut) is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the river Unstrut,  northwest of Naumburg and  west of Freyburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde (collective municipality) of Unstruttal and is in the Saale-Unstrut wine region. On 1 July 2009 it absorbed the former municipalities Burgscheidungen and Kirchscheidungen.

References

Burgenlandkreis
USS Umpqua (1865)

USS Umpqua, a single-turreted, twin-screw monitor, was laid down in March 1863, before the official order had been placed, at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, by Snowden & Mason; launched on 21 December 1865; and completed on 7 May 1866.

Characteristics of the class 
Umpqua was a Casco-class monitor intended for service in the shallow bays, rivers, and inlets of the Confederacy. These warships sacrificed armor plate for a shallow draft and were fitted with a ballast compartment designed to lower them in the water during battle to reduce the target they provided enemy guns.

Engineering and construction difficulties 
Though the original designs for the Casco-class monitors were drawn by John Ericsson, the final revision was created by Chief Engineer Alban B. Simers following Rear Admiral Samuel F. Du Pont's failed bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1863. By the time that the plans were put before the Monitor Board in New York City, Ericsson and Simers had a poor relationship, and Chief of the Bureau of Construction and Repair John Lenthall had little connection to the board. This resulted in the plans being approved and 20 vessels ordered without serious scrutiny of the new design.  $14 million US was allocated for the construction of these vessels. It was discovered that Simers had failed to compensate for the armor his revisions added to the original plan and this resulted in excessive stress on the wooden hull frames and a freeboard of only 3 inches. Simers was removed from the control of the project and Ericsson was called in to undo the damage. He was forced to raise the hulls of the monitors under construction by 22 inches to make them seaworthy.

As a result, the Navy Department ordered on 24 June 1864 that Umpqua's deck be raised to provide sufficient freeboard. Upon delivery, the monitor was laid up at Mound City, IL; and she saw no commissioned service. In August 1868, she was moved to New Orleans, LA. Her name was changed to Fury on 15 June 1869, but she resumed the name Umpqua on 10 August 1869.

Decommissioning and sale 
Umpqua was sold at New Orleans on 12 September 1874 to Nathaniel McKay.

See also 
 United States Navy
 American Civil War

References 

 

Casco-class monitors
Steamships of the United States Navy
Ships built in Brownsville, Pennsylvania
1865 ships
Ian Macpherson, 1st Baron Strathcarron

(James) Ian Stewart Macpherson, 1st Baron Strathcarron  (14 May 1880 – 14 August 1937), known as Sir Ian Macpherson, 1st Baronet, between 1933 and 1936, was a British lawyer and Liberal politician. In 1931 he joined the breakway National Liberal Party.

Background and education
Macpherson was the son of James Macpherson, JP, of Inverness, and Anne, daughter of James Stewart. Lord Drumalbyn, George Macpherson and Sir Tommy Macpherson were his nephews. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh and was called to the Bar, Middle Temple, in 1906.

Political career
Macpherson sat as Member of Parliament for Ross and Cromarty from 1911 to 1935. In 1916 he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for War, a post he held until 1918, and then served as Deputy Secretary of State for War and Vice-President of the Army Council between 1918 and 1919, as Chief Secretary for Ireland between 1919 and 1920 and as Minister of Pensions between 1920 and 1922. He was admitted to the British Privy Council in 1918 and to the Irish Privy Council in 1919 and made a King's Counsel in 1919. He was created a Baronet, of Banchor in the County of Inverness, in 1933 and raised to the peerage as Baron Strathcarron, of Banchor in the County of Inverness, in 1936.

Family
Lord Strathcarron married Jill, daughter of Sir George Rhodes, 1st Baronet, in 1915. They had one son and two daughters. He died in London in August 1937, aged 57, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium. He was succeeded in his titles by his son, David. Lady Strathcarron remarried in 1938, to Hedley Ernest Le Bas, son of Hedley Le Bas, and died in August 1956.

Arms

References

Strathcarron, Ian Macpherson, 1st Baron
Strathcarron, Ian Macpherson, 1st Baron
Strathcarron, Ian Macpherson, 1st Baron
Strathcarron
Scottish Liberal Party MPs
National Liberal Party (UK, 1922) politicians
National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) politicians
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
UK MPs 1910–1918
UK MPs 1918–1922
UK MPs 1922–1923
UK MPs 1923–1924
UK MPs 1924–1929
UK MPs 1929–1931
UK MPs 1931–1935
UK MPs 1935–1945
UK MPs who were granted peerages
Chief Secretaries for Ireland
20th-century King's Counsel
Members of the Middle Temple
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Osterfeld

Osterfeld is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated southeast of Naumburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Wethautal. On 1 January 2010 it absorbed the former municipalities Goldschau, Heidegrund and Waldau.

Climate

Notable people
Günther Prien (1908-1941), World War II U-boat commander

References

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Burgenlandkreis
Stößen

Stößen is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated southeast of Naumburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Wethautal.

Windpark 
Since 2010, there are at  a wind park consisting of 3 Enercon E-126 wind turbines, the most powerful wind turbine in the world. Each of these turbines has a rotor with 126 metres diameter mounted in a height of 135 metres and can generate 7.5 MW.

References

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Burgenlandkreis
Thomas Coffin (Nova Scotia politician)

Thomas Coffin,  (February 27, 1816 – July 12, 1890) was a Canadian businessman and politician.

He was born in Barrington, Shelburne County, Nova Scotia in 1817. He owned a general store and with his brother and other partners operated a sawmill and shipbuilding yard on the Clyde River from 1854 until late in the 1870s. In 1855, he was named a justice of the peace and he served as school commissioner in Shelburne County and the Barrington district. He represented Shelburne County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly as a Reformer from 1851 to 1855 and as a Liberal from 1859 until Confederation. In 1867, he was elected to the 1st Canadian Parliament representing the riding of Shelburne as a Liberal-Conservative supporter of Sir John A. Macdonald. He was re-elected in 1872 and crossed the floor the next year to join the Liberal Party of Canada. He was re-elected 1874 and defeated in 1878. From 1873 to 1878, he was the Receiver General. He died in Barrington in 1890.

References

 
 

1816 births
1890 deaths
Nova Scotia Liberal Party MLAs
Anti-Confederation Party MPs
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Nova Scotia
Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
Canadian justices of the peace
Schwanebeck

Schwanebeck is a small town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Vorharz.

The municipal area is situated northeast of Halberstadt, on the Bundesstraße 245 highway to Hamersleben. Since 2010, it also comprises the former municipality of Nienhagen.

History
A Saxon settlement at the site was first mentioned in a 1062 deed. The area belonged to the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt, which after the Protestant Reformation was finally secularised according to the 1648 Peace of Westphalia.

The Schwanebeck citizens received town privileges in 1270. Bishop Albert II of Halberstadt had a chapel erected in 1334 which soon became a major pilgrimage site. The present parish church dedicated to St Peter was erected about 1345 and rebuilt in a Baroque style in the late 17th century. With the Brandenburg Principality of Halberstadt, Schwanebeck  was incorporated into the Prussian Province of Saxony by 1817.

Notable people
Detlef Enge (born 1952), footballer.

References

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Towns in the Harz
Simon, Prince of Taranto

Simon, bastard son of Roger II of Sicily, was declared Prince of Taranto by his father in 1148, on the death of Roger III, Duke of Apulia, the eldest legitimate son of Roger II.

In 1154, Roger II died and the kingdom of Sicily passed to his fourth son, William I. William dispossessed his half-brother Simon immediately, claiming that Taranto was too important a fief to go to an illegitimate son. Simon held a grudge against the king and was called upon by Matthew Bonnellus to lead the revolt in the capital city of Palermo in 1161. This Simon did, with his nephew, Tancred of Lecce, the bastard son of Roger of Apulia, on 9 March. Simon and Tancred invaded the palace, detained King William, Queen Margaret, and their two sons, and incited a massacre of Muslims. Originally, the older of the king's sons, Roger IV, Duke of Apulia, was destined to be crowned in place of William, but soon the populace supported the accession of Simon himself. Before Simon could put himself forward as a candidate, however, the rebellion had broken down and the people were restless. The insurrectionists were forced to free the king and retreat to their castles. Pardon was given them on condition of exile and many, including Simon, took the offer.

Simon did not try to seize the crown on William's death in 1166, as had been feared. Instead, the new king's uncle, Henry, Count of Montescaglioso, laid claim to Taranto and all of Simon's former territories.

References
Norwich, John Julius. The Kingdom in the Sun 1130–1194. Longmans: London, 1970.

Italo-Normans
Princes of Taranto
Hauteville family
Sons of kings
Children of Roger II of Sicily