alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Perry v. Cyphers

Perry v. Cyphers 186 F.2d 608 (5th Cir. 1951) is the case that resulted in a court ruling that struck down Jim Crow legislation in Harrison County, Texas.

1951 in United States case law
United States racial discrimination case law
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit cases
1951 in Texas
Harrison County, Texas
Civil rights movement case law
United States Court of Appeals case articles without infoboxes
Erhard Melcher

Erhard Melcher (born 1. January 1940) is a German engineer who was one of the founders of AMG Engine Production and Development, a current subsidiary of Mercedes-Benz.

When Aufrecht moved AMG to larger premises in Affalterbach, Melcher left the company to work independently in Burgstall. He and his small company keep supplying engine designs and parts to AMG, e.g. for the Mercedes Formula 3 engine that dominates the Formula Three Euroseries.

External links
bio 

Living people
1940 births
German automotive engineers
Engineers from Baden-Württemberg
Lori Dupuis

Lori Dupuis (born November 14, 1972) is a Canadian women's ice hockey player.

Playing career
Dupuis was born and raised just outside Cornwall, Ontario. She is a former member of the Cornwall Wolverines of the OWHA. She started with the Wolverines at the age of 10, and won Provincial "C" and "B" Championships. After playing minor ice hockey in Cornwall, Dupuis attended the University of Toronto, where she played with the Varsity Lady Blues from 1991 to 1997 and was nominated as female athlete of the year in 1996 and 1997. Dupuis was captain of the Lady Blues women's ice hockey team program from 1994 to 1996. During the 1992-93 season, she was the Blues Alternate Captain. In 1994-95, she was second in league scoring. In that same season, she was an OWIAA First Team All-Star, and a nominee for the U of T Female Athlete of the Year Award. In 1993-94 she was an OWIAA Second Team All-Star. In 1992-93 Dupuis was an OWIAA First Team All-Star and the Blues Alternate Captain.

Brampton Thunder
After University, Dupuis joined the Brampton Thunder of the National Women's Hockey League. She was named to the 1998-99 NWHL Western Division 2nd All-Star Team. During the 2000–01 NWHL season, Dupuis played with the Brampton Thunder and finished sixth in league scoring with 38 points. Dupuis continues to play for the Brampton Thunder, a team in the Canadian Women's Hockey League.

Hockey Canada
Dupuis joined Team Canada in the mid-1990s. In 1995 she was a member of Team Canada, winners of the Pacific Rim Tournament. She helped the team win world championships in 1997, 1999 and 2000.  In 1998, she helped her team win the silver medal at the Olympic Winter Games in Nagano. The pinnacle of her career was Team Canada's gold medal win at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.

Personal
A graduate of General Vanier S.S. in Cornwall, Dupuis competed at OFSAA Provincial Championships for each of her five years. She is also a graduate of the University of Toronto (French and Geography). At one time, she ran a hockey school with Jayna Hefford.

Awards and honours
 Member of the Brampton Thunder – CWHL (1998 to present)
 Clarkson Cup Top Forward, 2010
 CWHL Second All-Star Team, 2009–10
 CWHL Championship Game MVP, 2008
 NWHL West Second All-Star Team, 1998–99
 1994-95 OWIAA First Team All-Stars
 1994-95 nominee for University of Toronto Female Athlete of the Year Award
 1993-94 OWIAA Second Team All-Star
 1992-93 OWIAA First Team All-Star
 2-time Olympian (1998, 2002) - 1 gold medal
 3 World Championships - 3 gold medals

References

External links
 Brampton Thunder profile

1972 births
Living people
Brampton Thunder players
Canadian women's ice hockey forwards
Ice hockey people from Cornwall, Ontario
Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Canada
Olympic ice hockey players for Canada
Olympic medalists in ice hockey
Olympic silver medalists for Canada
University of Toronto alumni
Ben Z. Grant

Benjamin Zane Grant (born 25 October 1939) is a former Texas state legislator and judge. He is also an author and playwright.

Law career 
Grant graduated from Panola College in Carthage, Texas and Northwestern State University in Natchitoches, Louisiana. He received a Doctor of Jurisprudence degree from the University of Texas School of Law in 1968, and was admitted to the State Bar of Texas later that year. During law school, Grant worked for the General Land Office and Veterans Land Board, taught night school at Austin High School, and worked as an aide for Representative Cread L. Ray.

After Ray decided not to seek reelection in 1970, Grant ran in his place and represented District Three in the Texas House of Representatives from January 12, 1971 to January 8, 1981. During his first term, the 62nd Legislature, Grant became a member of the "Dirty Thirty," a group of representatives who "grouped against... [several state] officials charged in a bribery-conspiracy investigation by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission." Grant served nine years as Chairman of the Texas House Judiciary Committee.

Grant did not seek re-election to the House in 1981; he successfully campaigned for the judgeship of the Seventy-First Judicial District Court in Marshall. Shortly after Grant's reelection to the 71st Court in 1984, Governor Mark White appointed him to the Sixth Court of Appeals in Texarkana. Grant served for seventeen years on the Court of Appeals from 1985 to 2003, retiring with the status of senior judge.

Grant sought the Democratic nomination for Texas Lieutenant Governor in 2006.

Grant has formerly served as president of the Northeast Texas Bar Association and the State Bar Judicial Section Executive Committee. He also served six years as president of the Texas Judicial Council.

Literary career 
Grant has authored several books: The Last Dragon, a children's book; and two novels, The Wolf Has No Pillow and Troubles Walk North. He has also written or co-written numerous plays, including The Kingfish, a play about the life of Huey P. Long, which was co-authored with Larry L. King. The play is published by the Southern Methodist University Press. His other plays are Came The Cajuns, From Hardscrabble, a two-act play set in rural East Texas, Evangeline's Song, The Sage of the Sabine – the Strife and Times of Isaac Van Zandt, and Roarin', Rantin' Rabbie.

Grant wrote a weekly column, "The History Around Us," for the Marshall News Messenger, beginning in 1998.

Family 
Grant has two children; his daughter Brea is an actress and director, and his son Zane is involved in film and TV production.

References

1939 births
Living people
People from Marshall, Texas
Texas state court judges
Democratic Party members of the Texas House of Representatives
Panola College alumni
Northwestern State University alumni
University of Texas School of Law alumni
East Texas Baptist University
Writers from Texas
The Rat

The Rat may refer to:

Arts and entertainment
 The Rat (play), a 1924 play written by Ivor Novello and Constance Collier
 The Rat (1925 film), a film by Ivor Novello based on his play of the same name
 The Rat (1937 film), another film adaptation of the play
 "The Rat" (Beavis and Butt-Head), an episode of the American television show Beavis and Butt-Head
 "The Rat" (Prison Break episode), an episode of the American television show Prison Break
 "The Rat" (song), a 2004 song by The Walkmen from their album Bows + Arrows
 "The Rat", a song by Dead Confederate from their album Wrecking Ball
 The Rat (novel), a book by Günter Grass published in German in 1986 as Die Rättin
 The Rat, a character from Haruki Murakami's 'Trilogy of the Rat' Hear the Wind Sing, Pinball, 1973 and A Wild Sheep Chase

Nickname
 Niki Lauda (born 1949), Austrian former Formula One race car driver
 Ken Linseman (born 1958), former National Hockey League player
 Jeff Ratcliffe (born 1976), former professional lacrosse player

Music
 The Rathskellar (The Rat), a now-defunct live music venue in Kenmore Square, Boston, Massachusetts
 Pro Co RAT, aka "The RAT", a distortion pedal

See also 
 Blek le Rat, an influential French graffiti artist
The Rats (disambiguation)
Rat (disambiguation)

Nicknames
Catherine Heath

Catherine Heath (17 November 1924 – 27 October 1991) was a British novelist. An obituary in The Daily Telegraph called her work "gentle and witty, full of cool observations about human behaviour."

Biography
Heath was born Catherine Hirsch in Hendon, Middlesex, the daughter of Dutch immigrants Samuel and Anna de Boer Hirsch. She was educated at Henda County School then St Hilda's College, Oxford, where she studied English under Helen Gardner. In 1948, she married Denis Heath; they were divorced in 1980.  Also in 1948, she became an assistant lecturer in the University of Wales.

Her novels stone Walls and The Vulture received positive reviews from critics.

Works
Stone Walls (1973)
The Vulture (1974)
Joseph and the Goths (1975)
Lady on the Burning Deck (1978)
Behaving Badly (1984)

References

1924 births
1991 deaths
English women novelists
Alumni of St Hilda's College, Oxford
Academics of the University of Wales
People from Hendon
20th-century English women writers
20th-century English novelists
Cut & Move

Cut & Move is the second full-length studio album by hard rock band Day of Fire, released on June 6, 2006. The album was produced by Pete Thornton, who has worked with the likes of Limp Bizkit. "Run" was the theme song for WWE Unforgiven 2006. It is the band's only album as a five-piece.

Track listing

Credits 
 Josh Brown - vocals
 Chris Pangallo - Bass
 Joe Pangallo - Guitar
 Gregg Hionis - Guitar
 Zach Simms - drums

References 

2006 albums
Day of Fire albums
Essential Records (Christian) albums
Kam Tong

Kam Tong (December 18, 1906 – November 8, 1969) was a Chinese-American actor. He was best known for his role as Hey Boy on the CBS television series Have Gun – Will Travel and as Dr. Li in the film version of the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Flower Drum Song. Curiously, though appearing as a series regular on Have Gun – Will Travel, Kam was also a regular on the short run CBS-TV series Mr. Garlund in 1960. He appeared in many movies, often as an uncredited Chinese, Japanese, or Filipino character. He appeared in many television shows, including The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Big Valley, The Time Tunnel, The Final War of Olly Winter, and I Spy.

After serving in World War II in an OSS intelligence unit, he became involved in efforts to raise awareness over gun violence. He also owned and operated a restaurant called Shanghai Lil's in San Francisco.

Filmography

References

External links 

1906 births
1969 deaths
American people of Chinese descent
20th-century American male actors
Western (genre) television actors
Burials at Pacific View Memorial Park
Galgalatz

Galgalatz or GLGLZ () is  an Israeli radio station, operated by Israel Defense Forces Radio. This is the second of two Israel Defense Forces-operated stations, while the first one is Israel Defense Forces Radio/Galatz. The station was established in 1993 and broadcasts primarily nonstop (mainly English-language and Hebrew) pop and rock music and traffic reports, and few content programs. The station was established with the aid of the Israeli Ministry of Transportation (the Israeli National Authority for Traffic Safety), and frequently broadcasts Traffic Safety messages. At the top of every hour the station broadcasts a news report.

The meaning of the name 
The first station of the Israel Defense Forces, established in 1950 is called Israel Defense Forces Radio/Galatz which is an Acronym of Galei Tzahal (, Galei Tzahal, lit. IDF Waves). This second station was supposed to have traffic safety content in its broadcast, so the name had to express this uniqueness of the station. The word "Galgal" is Hebrew for wheel () and symbolizes the connection to traffic. "Galgalatz" is a portmanteau of "Galgal" and "Galatz". This name was created by  Merav Michaeli.

Charts 
Galgalatz airs every Thursday the "Official Music Chart Of Israel", which includes top 10 Israeli and international songs, based on the audience's choice on the station's website. The last Friday of the year, Galgaltz also broadcasts the Israeli annual international song chart. On 31 December 2019, Galgalatz aired the official hot 100 decade-chart.

Broadcasting frequencies (FM) and sites 
 Tel Aviv area: 91.8 (broadcast out of Bnei Brak)
 Haifa and the bay area: 107 (broadcast out of Haifa)
 Jerusalem: 107.1 (broadcast out of Jerusalem)
 Beersheba: 99.8 (broadcast out of Mishmar HaNegev)
 Northern Israel: 104.1 (broadcast out of Kiryat Shmona)
 Eilat and Mitzpe Ramon: 107 (broadcast out of Eilat)

See also 
 List of radio stations in Israel
 Israeli annual Hebrew song chart
 Army Radio

External links 
 Galgalatz Homepage 

Army Radio
Publicly funded broadcasters
Radio networks
1993 establishments in Israel
PartyPoker.com Football & Poker Legends Cup

The PartyPoker.com Football & Poker Legends Cup is a televised poker tournament, airing in the United Kingdom on Five from April 2006 onwards, in the lead-up to the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

Format 
Each team consists of three players: two poker professionals, and one former or current professional football (soccer) player. Elimination matches take place between two countries, with the table winner progressing along with the rest of his team to the next round of the tournament.

Three hours are allowed for each match. If a result does not occur within that time limit, a one-hour period of extra time takes place. If there is still no result, a penalty shootout then takes place.

If the tournament director, "Mad" Marty Wilson notices any attempts at collusion, he administers a yellow card to that player, with the result of half of that players' chips being distributed evenly to the opposition team. If a second infraction is noticed, a red card is shown to the player, eliminating the player from the tournament immediately, with all of that players' chips being distributed evenly to the opposition team.

The idea that collusion could be used as a tactic to gain an advantage meant that the format of the competition was widely criticised.

Commentary was provided by Jesse May and Padraig Parkinson.

Teams

Results

Pre-season friendly match

Regular season 

(1) received yellow card
(2) won match in extra time

External links 
Poker at five.tv
I Made a Mistake (article by Daniel Negreanu)
Wales vs U.S.A. (article by Dave Colclough)
World Cup Australia vs Canada (article by Tony G)
World Cup of Poker – London (2nd article by Tony G)

Entain
Channel 5 (British TV channel) original programming
Poker tournaments in Europe
Television shows about poker
2006 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
Join the Cavalry

Join the Cavalry was a military song popular during the American Civil War. The verses detail various feats performed by Jeb Stuart's troopers, the cavalry arm of the Army of Northern Virginia, while the chorus urges the listener to "join the cavalry". Occasionally, the title is recorded as "Jine the Cavalry". The song was most common in Virginia.

"Jine the Cavalry!" was among Stuart’s favorite songs, and became the unofficial theme song of his Confederate cavalry corps. It recounts many of Stuart’s early exploits, including the daring "Ride around the Army of the Potomac" in the early summer of 1862, and the Confederate Cavalry raid to Chambersburg, PA in October 1862. One of Stuart’s men, Sam Sweeney, was an accomplished banjo player and often serenaded Stuart and his officers during the Gettysburg Campaign.

JINE THE CAVALRY!

We're the boys that rode around McClellan(ian),
Rode around McClellan(ian), Rode around McClellan(ian)!
We're the boys that rode around McClellan(ian),
Bully boys, hey! Bully boys, ho!

CHORUS:  
If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry!
Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry!
If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun,
If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!

Ol' Joe Hooker, won't you come out of The Wilderness?
Come out of The Wilderness, come out of The Wilderness?
Ol' Joe Hooker, won't you come out of The Wilderness?
Bully boys, hey! Bully boys, ho!

CHORUS:  
If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry!
Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry!
If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun,
If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!

We're the boys who crossed the Potomac(ica), who
Crossed the Potomac(ica), who crossed the Potomac(ica)!
We're the boys who crossed the Potomac(ica),
Bully boys, hey! Bully boys, ho!

CHORUS:  
If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry!
Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry!
If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun,
If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!

We're the boys that rode to Pennsylvania,
Rode to Pennsylvania, rode to Pennsylvania!
We're the boys rode to Pennsylvania,
Bully boys, hey! Bully boys, ho!

CHORUS:  
If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry!
Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry!
If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun,
If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!

The big fat Dutch gals hand around the breadium,
Hand around the breadium, hand around the breadium!
The big fat Dutch gals hand around the breadium,
Bully boys, hey! Bully boys, ho!

CHORUS:  
If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry!
Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry!
If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun,
If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!

Lyrics are in the public domain.

Stuart's ride around McClellan

Songs of the American Civil War
Virginia in the American Civil War
Year of song unknown
Mount Moffit

Mount Moffit is a peak in the Alaska Range in central Alaska, United States, about 10 miles (16 km) east-southeast of Mount Hayes. It is notable for its steep faces and large relief above local terrain. For example, the north face drops 7,400 feet in approximately 1.2 miles (2 km) horizontal distance.

William Shand Jr., Benjamin Ferris Jr., and Sterling Hendricks made the first ascent of Mount Moffit on August 12, 1942. All three had been part of the first ascent team for Mount Hayes the year before. Unfortunately, Shand died shortly after the climb in an unrelated car accident. It was proposed that his name be attached to this peak; however the name was mistakenly attached to a slightly lower peak to the south of Mount Moffit. This mountain was named in 1950 by the U.S. Geological Survey for Fred Howard Moffit (1874–1958) who, as a geologist with the Alaskan Branch of U.S.Geological Survey, worked in Alaska from 1903 through 1943 and authored over fifty publications devoted to Alaskan geology and mining.

Mount Moffit is not often climbed due to difficult access. The second ascent of the peak was 33 years after the first, in 1975, by M. Sallee and D. Buchanan. The standard route is the Northwest Ridge (or "Western North Ridge"); this is a serious route (Alaska Grade 4) with typical Alaskan features such as highly corniced ridgelines.

The North Face of Mount Moffit was first climbed in 2007 by Jed Brown, and Colin Haley

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Moffit is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. This climate supports the Trident Glacier surrounding this peak. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for climbing or viewing. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Tanana River drainage basin.

Sources
 Michael Wood and Colby Coombs, Alaska: a climbing guide, The Mountaineers, 2001.

References

External links
 Mount Moffit on Topozone
 Weather for Mt. Moffit at MountainForecast
 Flickr photo of Moffit from northeast

Alaska Range
Landforms of Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska
Mountains of Alaska
Mountains of Unorganized Borough, Alaska
Adolf Weil (physician)

Adolf Weil (7 February 1848, Heidelberg23 July 1916, Wiesbaden) was a German physician after whom Weil's disease is named.

Weil studied medicine at the University of Heidelberg, and afterwards furthered his education in Berlin and Vienna. From 1872 to 1876 he was an assistant to Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs (1819–1885) in Berlin. In 1886, he was appointed professor of special pathology and therapy at the University of Dorpat, but resigned shortly afterwards, after contracting tuberculosis of the larynx and permanently losing his voice. Later he lived and worked in Ospitaletto, San Remo and Badenweiler, relocating to Wiesbaden in 1893, where he died in 1916.

In 1913, in collaboration with Emil Abderhalden (1877–1950) he isolated an alpha-amino acid known as norleucine. Among his written works was a treatise on the auscultation of arteries and veins, Die Auscultation der Arterien und Venen (1875), and a monograph titled Handbuch und Atlas der topographischen Percussion (Handbook and atlas of topographical percussion) (1877).

Shortly after receiving news that Weil's disease was caused by a spirochete, he died of acute hemoptysis.

References

External links
 JewishEncyclopedia.com - WEIL, ADOLF: at jewishencyclopedia.com
 Adolf Weil @ Who Named It.

1848 births
1916 deaths
German pathologists
Physicians from Heidelberg
Academic staff of the University of Tartu
1977 New Orleans mayoral election

The New Orleans mayoral election of 1977 resulted in the election of Ernest Morial as the first African-American mayor of New Orleans.

Background 
Elections in Louisiana—with the exception of U.S. presidential elections—follow a variation of the open primary system. Candidates of any and all parties are listed on one ballot; voters need not limit themselves to the candidates of one party. Unless one candidate takes more than 50% of the vote in the first round, a run-off election is then held between the top two candidates, who may in fact be members of the same party. In this election, the first round of voting was held on October 1, 1977, and the runoff was held on November 12.

The 1977 municipal elections were the first under Louisiana's open primary law signed by Governor Edwin Edwards two years earlier.

Under the New Orleans City Charter adopted by voters in 1954, Incumbent mayor Moon Landrieu was term-limited.

Results 
Primary, October 1
A total of 154,643 votes were cast

Runoff, November 12

Sources 
 Board of Supervisors of Elections for the Parish of Orleans. Election Returns of Orleans Parish, 1977.

Mayoral elections in New Orleans
1977 Louisiana elections
New Orleans
Notch Peak

Notch Peak is a distinctive summit located on Sawtooth Mountain in the House Range, west of Delta, Utah, United States. The peak and the surrounding area are part of the Notch Peak Wilderness Study Area (WSA). Bristlecone pines, estimated to be 3,000 to 4,000 years old, are located on the ridges surrounding Notch Peak.

The Cliff
Notch Peak is one of the highest peaks in the House Range, reaching  . The northwest face of the mountain is a massive carbonate rock (limestone and dolomite) cliff with  of vertical rise, making it among the highest cliff faces in North America. Overall, the summit rises about  above Tule Valley.

It is the second-highest pure vertical drop in the United States after El Capitan. as well as the highest carbonate rock cliff in North America.

Recreation
One of the more popular uses of the area is the hike to Notch Peak so you can look down the notch in person. The summit can be reached by following a trail from the east side of the mountain in Sawtooth Canyon. The hike is about 7.5 miles round trip (12 km), with  elevation gain.

Climbing
The north face of Notch Peak is divided by a large shelf into an upper and lower wall. There are several big wall climbing routes on the limestone cliffs. The Swiss Route (never repeated), Direct North West Ridge (or Pillars of Faith), and Book of Saturdays ascend the upper wall. On the lower wall Appetite for Destruction and Western Hardman at over  of vertical height. Climbing on all of these routes is adventurous with rockfall hazards and loose flakes of widely varying sizes.

Geology

This part of the House Range is chiefly made up of a passive margin sequence of Cambrian to Ordovician carbonate rocks. The top of the range is the type section for the aptly named Notch Peak Dolomite. At the base of the range is the pink/orange Notch Peak granite and monzonite, which is Jurassic in age (143 to 169 million years old).  Around Notch Peak, especially from the west side (Tule Valley side), white Lake Bonneville fossiliferous marls occur.

Because of the intrusion, a hike up the canyon below the notch can clearly show a well-developed metamorphic aureole and even inter-fingering textures between the intrusion and the bedrock. Also, small quantities of tungsten and placer gold have been found around the Notch Peak area.

Gallery

References

External links

 

Mountains of Utah
Mountains of Millard County, Utah
Cliffs of the United States
AHHS

AHHS may refer to:
 Abington Heights High School, Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania, United States
 Alamo Heights High School, Alamo Heights, Texas, United States
 Alexander Hamilton Historical Society
 Alexander Hamilton Jr./Sr. High School, Elmsford, New York, United States
 Andrew Hill High School, San Jose, California, United States
 Arlington Heights High School, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Gamma Cephei Ab

Gamma Cephei Ab (abbreviated γ Cephei Ab, γ Cep Ab), formally named Tadmor , is an exoplanet approximately 45 light-years away in the constellation of Cepheus (the King). The planet was confirmed to be in orbit around Gamma Cephei A in 2002, but was first suspected to exist around 1988 (making this planet arguably the first true exoplanet discovered).

Naming 
In July 2014 the International Astronomical Union (IAU) launched NameExoWorlds, a process for giving proper names to certain exoplanets. The process involved public nomination and voting for the new names. In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning name for this planet was Tadmor. It was submitted by the Syrian Astronomical Association and is the ancient Semitic name and modern Arabic name for the city of Palmyra, a (UNESCO) World Heritage Site.

Detection and discovery

1988 claims
The first indications of γ Cephei Ab were reported in July 1988. The planet was tentatively identified by a Canadian team of astronomers, which was led by Bruce Campbell, Gordon Walker and Stephenson Yang, while its existence was also announced by Anthony Lawton and P. Wright in 1989. Though not confirmed, this would have been the first true discovery of an extrasolar planet, and it was hypothesized based on the same radial velocity technique later used successfully by others. However, the claim was retracted in 1992 due to the quality of the data not being good enough to make a solid discovery.

2002 confirmation
On 24 September 2002, γ Cephei Ab was finally confirmed. The team of astronomers (including William D. Cochran, Artie P. Hatzes, et al.) at the Planetary Systems and their Formation Workshop announced the preliminary confirmation of a long-suspected planet γ Cephei Ab with a minimum mass of 1.59 MJ (1.59 times that of Jupiter). The parameters were later recalculated when direct detection of the secondary star γ Cephei B allowed astronomers to better constrain the properties of the system. γ Cephei Ab moves in an elliptical orbit with a semimajor axis of 2.044 AU which takes almost two-and-a-half years to complete. The eccentricity is 0.115, which means it moves between 1.81 and 2.28 AU in orbital distance around γ Cephei A, which would place it from slightly beyond the orbit of Mars, to the inner asteroid belt in the Solar System.

Astrometric observations

Hipparcos data taken in 2006 constrains its mass below "13.3 MJ at the 95% confidence level, and 16.9 MJ at the 99.73% (3 σ) confidence level". This is not much to go on, but it is enough to verify that it is not another unseen brown or red dwarf.

In 2018, Hubble astrometric observations revealed the true mass of γ Cephei Ab to be 9.4 .

See also
 Dimidium
 HD 114762 b
 Iota Horologii b
 Poltergeist 
 Phobetor

References

External links
 
 

Gamma Cephei
Exoplanets discovered in 1988
Giant planets
Exoplanets with proper names
Exoplanets detected by radial velocity
Exoplanets detected by astrometry
Velvet Lounge

The Velvet Lounge was a nightclub in the South Loop of Chicago. It started as a jazz club and was called the "dusty epicenter of the Midwest's free form jazz scene." It was located at 2128 1/2 S. Indiana Avenue before moving to 67 E. Cermak when the original building was scheduled for demolition. It closed permanently in 2019.

History 
The club was established in 1983 by jazz saxophonist Fred Anderson who owned the business until his death in 2010. Many live albums were recorded at the club, including a series of performances featuring Anderson himself, on the Delmark label, and 1998's Live at the Velvet Lounge with Anderson, Peter Kowald, and Hamid Drake. Many prominent musicians played the Velvet Lounge early in their careers, particularly in Sunday night jam sessions. The club's standard lineup of the early 1990s featured trumpeter , saxophonist Art Taylor, pianist , bassist , and drummer . From the mid 1990s, the "Velvet Graduates" house band included tenor saxophonist , baritone saxophonist , alto saxophonist  II, bassist Karl E. H. Seigfried, and drummer . After Anderson's death, the club was purchased by a neighboring business which ended the jazz performances and instead presented DJs, hip hop music, and comedians.

In 2013, Mike Reed founded the Constellation club, in part to fill the void left after the Velvet Lounge closed.

References

See also
List of jazz clubs

Nightclubs in Chicago
Jazz clubs in Chicago
Robin Gloag

Robin Nicol Gloag (1943 – 5 December 2007) was one of the founders, with Brian Souter and Ann Gloag, of Stagecoach Group, one of the UK's largest transport businesses.

Life
On leaving school, Robin Gloag initially worked as a petrol station manager. In 1980 he and his wife, Ann, bought two old buses and established their own bus business running services from Dundee to London: Robin acted as driver and maintenance man of what became Stagecoach Group.

He ceased active involvement in the firm and sold his shareholding in Stagecoach in 1983 with the collapse of his marriage to Ann. Robin founded Highwayman Coaches of Errol, Scotland the same year.

Gloag was killed in a car crash in December 2007. The car he was driving left the road and overturned in a field near Perth. No other vehicles were involved in the accident. He was pronounced dead at the scene.

Family
Robin was married twice, first to Ann, and later to Shirley.

In 1999, Robin and Ann Gloag's son, Jonathan (aged 28), died by suicide in Perthshire. Jonathan Gloag was married at the time of his death to the former Sarah McCleary, the daughter of Ann Gloag's second husband, David McCleary.

References

External links
 Highwayman Coaches

1943 births
2007 deaths
Road incident deaths in Scotland
Stagecoach Group
British public transport executives
20th-century Scottish businesspeople
Scottish company founders
Richard Carsner

Richard Carsner (born 1948) was the Democratic party nominee for the United States House of Representatives from the 10th congressional district of North Carolina in the 2006 elections, running against incumbent Patrick McHenry.  Carsner was defeated, 62% to 38%.

Carsner resides in Catawba County, North Carolina and was employed by the Catawba County public schools, from which he retired in 2010.  He is a veteran of the United States Army.

The core of his campaign in 2006 was bringing jobs back to the 10th district, balancing the federal budget, making healthcare more affordable, improving the educational opportunities in the 10th district and elsewhere, making social security solvent for future generations, stopping illegal immigration and protecting the environment.

References

External links
 Bio from Project Vote Smart

1948 births
Living people
North Carolina Democrats
1973 New Orleans mayoral election

The New Orleans mayoral election of 1973 resulted in the reelection of Moon Landrieu to his second term as mayor of New Orleans.  The primary round of voting was held on November 10; no runoff was required. Unlike the previous election, the Republicans did not field a challenger to Landrieu, and thus was automatically elected following the Democratic primary.

The 1973 elections were the last municipal elections in New Orleans held using the closed primary system. In 1975, Louisiana Governor Edwin Edwards signed a bill which changed all elections, except those for president, to an open primary system where all candidates regardless of party run on the same ballot. If one candidate does not receive an absolute majority (defined as 50 percent plus one vote), the top two finishers contest a runoff election.

Results 
Primary, November 10

Sources 
 Orleans Parish Democratic Executive Committee. First and Second Democratic Primary Elections, 1973.

Mayoral elections in New Orleans
1973 Louisiana elections
New Orleans
Clarence W. Spicer

Clarence Winfred Spicer (November 30, 1875 – November 21, 1939) was an American automotive engineer and inventor, best known for the first practical design and use of the universal joint in automotive applications.

Early life and education

Spicer was born November 30, 1875, in Edelstein, Illinois to John and Cornelia Babcock Spicer; the third of four children. The Spicer family operated a creamery and at a young age Spicer learned how to maintain the creamery equipment while helping his father. In 1891, due to the Spicer family's Seventh Day Baptist religion, Spicer was sent to the church's Alfred Academy in Alfred, New York to complete his education. He returned home without finishing school in 1894 to help his father with the creamery business after his father was injured in farming accident. On December 1, 1896, Spicer married Anna Olive Burdick, a fellow student at Alfred. The couple took up residence near the family dairy farm at Edelstein. In 1899, Spicer enrolled in mechanical and electrical engineering courses at Cornell University where he undertook the design of a motor car as a class assignment. During the design exercise Spicer developed the design of a universal joint that was practical for automotive use. With the encouragement of his instructor, Dean Robert H. Thurston, Spicer applied for and received a patent for a practical automotive universal joint on May 19, 1903. Thurston died on October 25, 1903, and without a mentor, Spicer decided to leave Cornell during his last semester of school and start the manufacture of his universal joint design for sale to automotive manufacturers.

Career
Spicer began manufacturing his invention through an arrangement with the Potter Printing Press Company in Plainfield, New Jersey, on April 1, 1904. Spicer incorporated the Spicer Universal Joint Manufacturing Company in May 1905 and shortened the name to Spicer Manufacturing Company in 1909.

Nearly a century later, Spicer's company is now Dana Incorporated, with headquarters in Toledo, Ohio, and worldwide automotive parts sales approaching US$10 billion per year.

Later life and death
Spicer served as a member of the Alfred University Board of Trustees from 1917 until his death in November 1939. He was a member and officer of the Society for Automotive Engineers (SAE).

Legacy
Spicer is a member of the Automotive Hall of Fame.

Notes
Citations

References used

 
 

1875 births
1939 deaths
American automotive engineers
Alfred University alumni
Cornell University alumni
Lockheed Air Express



The Lockheed Air Express was the second aircraft design created by the Lockheed Aircraft Company after its founding in 1927; the type first flew in April 1928.

Description 
The Air Express design incorporated the original fuselage of the Vega, but in order to meet the requirements of Western Air Express, the wing was raised to a parasol configuration above the fuselage and the cockpit was moved behind the wing, while a more powerful Pratt & Whitney Wasp engine was fitted to ease operations over the Sierra Nevada mountains. The design was a commercial success for the company although only seven were built, plus one Air Express Special.

No Air Expresses have survived to the present day. One, registered NR3057, was flown by Roscoe Turner.

Variants 
Lockheed 3 Air Express Single-engined passenger and mail transport aircraft, seating between four and six passengers in an enclosed cabin, able to carry up to 1,000-lb (454-kg) of mail, powered by a 410-hp (306-kW) Pratt & Whitney Wasp radial piston engine; seven built.
Air Express Special One-off version built for Laura Ingalls, for a non-stop trans-Atlantic flight in 1931; one built.

Operators 

Panair do Brasil

American Airways
New York, Rio, and Buenos Aires Line
Pan American Airways
 Texas Air Transport
Western Air Express

Specifications

See also

References 

Notes

Bibliography
 Francillon, René J. Lockheed Aircraft since 1913. London:Putnam, First edition, 1982. .
 Francillon, René J, Lockheed Aircraft since 1913. Naval Institute Press: Annapolis, 1987.

Air Express
1920s United States airliners
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Greatest Hits (Simply Red album)

Greatest Hits is the first compilation album released by British pop and soul group Simply Red, which contained material from their first five studio albums (Picture Book, Men and Women, A New Flame, Stars and Life) and included a newer track, a cover of Aretha Franklin's 1973 classic, "Angel".

Track listing
 "Holding Back the Years" (Mick Hucknall, Neil Moss) – 4:12 from Picture Book
 "Money's Too Tight (to Mention)" (John Valentine, William Valentine) – 4:29 from Picture Book
 "The Right Thing" (Hucknall) – 4:22 from Men and Women
 "It's Only Love" (Jimmy Cameron, Vella Cameron) – 3:52 from A New Flame
 "A New Flame" (Hucknall) – 3:58 from A New Flame
 "You've Got It" (Hucknall, Lamont Dozier) – 3:58 from A New Flame
 "If You Don't Know Me By Now" (Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff) – 3:26 from A New Flame
 "Stars" (Hucknall) – 4:08 from Stars
 "Something Got Me Started" (Hucknall, Fritz McIntyre) – 4:00 from Stars
 "Thrill Me" (Hucknall, McIntyre) – 5:04 from Stars
 "Your Mirror" (Hucknall) – 4:00 from Stars
 "For Your Babies" (Hucknall) – 4:18 from Stars
 "So Beautiful" (Hucknall) – 5:00 from Life
 "Angel" (Carolyn Franklin, Sonny Saunders) – 4:01 Previously unreleased
 "Fairground" (Hucknall) – 4:27 from Life

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

1996 greatest hits albums
East West Records compilation albums
Simply Red albums
Reuven Shiloah

Reuven Shiloah (; December 1909 – 1959) was the first Director of the Mossad from 1949 to 1953.

Biography
Reuven Zaslani (later Shiloah) was born in Ottoman-ruled Jerusalem.  His father was a rabbi. Shiloah married Betty Borden of New York in 1936.

Shiloah's involvement in political and defense matters commenced before the establishment of the State of Israel. He was a close friend of David Ben-Gurion.  Before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War Shiloah obtained the invasion plans of the Arab League, and he began building relationships with other intelligence agencies, particularly in the West.  At the urging of Shiloah, Prime Minister Ben-Gurion created the "Central Institute for Coordination" (Mossad) in December 1949 and appointed Shiloah as its first director.  However, it was not until April 1, 1951 that the Mossad became operational under Shiloah because bureaucratic fighting had delayed Ben-Gurion's initial order.  After his tenure at the Mossad Shiloah worked in the Israeli Embassy in Washington DC and continued serving as an advisor.

References

Further reading

1909 births
1959 deaths
Directors of the Mossad
Jews from Ottoman Palestine
Jews from Mandatory Palestine
Kim Wozencraft

Kim Wozencraft (born December 4, 1954) is an American author. She is best known as the author of the novel Rush, which was subsequently adapted into a 1991 feature film directed by Lili Fini Zanuck and starring Jennifer Jason Leigh, Jason Patric, Gregg Allman and Sam Elliott.

Early life
Wozencraft was born in Dallas, Texas and attended Lake Highlands High School.

Career
Her first novel, Rush, is based on her experiences working as an undercover narcotics agent in Texas soon after President Richard Nixon declared a "War on Drugs". Her novel Notes From the Country Club grew out of time served in federal prison. Wozencraft co-edited the book Slam, a companion edition to the award-winning 1998 film. She was executive editor at Prison Life magazine, has written for HBO Films, and her work has appeared in The Best American Essays, Texas Monthly, New York Newsday, the Los Angeles Times, and various literary magazines and anthologies.

Education
Wozencraft has received a Master of Fine Arts degree from Columbia University.

Selected works
 Rush (1990) 
 Notes from the Country Club (1993)
 The Catch (1998)
 Slam (1998)
 Wanted (2004)
 The Devil's Backbone (2006)

References

External links
Official website

20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American women novelists
Writers from Dallas
Living people
1954 births
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
1969–70 New Orleans mayoral election

The New Orleans mayoral election of 1969-1970 resulted in the election of Moon Landrieu as mayor of New Orleans.  This election also saw an unexpectedly strong showing for a Republican candidate; the party had previously had negligible support in the city.

Incumbent mayor Victor H. Schiro was term-limited after winning elections in 1961 and 1965.

Candidates 
Major candidates in the Democratic primary included:
former State Representative and City Councilman-at-Large Moon Landrieu,
Jimmy Fitzmorris, former City Councillor from 1954 to 1966
future Louisiana Attorney General and current State Senator William J. Guste
City Councillor-at-Large John J. Petre had previously been a state legislator.
Judge David Gertler was well financed and had strong support from the city's Jewish community
Orleans Parish School Board President Lloyd J. Rittiner

Results 
First Democratic Party Primary, November 8, 1969

Second Democratic Party Primary, December 13, 1969

General Election, 1970

Sources 
 Orleans Parish Democratic Executive Committee. First and Second Democratic Primary Elections, 1969.
 Fitzmorris, James E.  Frankly, Fitz!  Pelican, 1992.

1969
1969 United States mayoral elections
1970 United States mayoral elections
1969 Louisiana elections
1970 Louisiana elections
Andre Faust

André A. Faust (born October 7, 1969) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He played 47 games in the National Hockey League with the Philadelphia Flyers during the 1992–93 and 1993–94 seasons. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1992 to 2004, was mainly spent in Europe. He was drafted by New Jersey Devils in the 1989 NHL Entry Draft in 9th round as the 173rd pick overall. Faust is the first Princeton University alumnus to score a goal in the NHL.

Playing career
During his career Faust played in NCAA, NHL, AHL, DEL, Swedish Elitserien and Danish Superisligaen. In the NHL he played 47 games for the Philadelphia Flyers during the 1992/93 and 1993/94 season. In the 1995/96 season, he played for the AHL club Springfield Falcons after he was traded to the Winnipeg Jets for a 7th round pick in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft, he never played for Winnipeg. In 1996, Faust moved to Germany and played for Augsburger Panther (1996–2000) and Kölner Haie (2000–02). In 2002, he signed with Swedish club Färjestads BK. After that season Faust moved to a new club, Odense, and a new country, Denmark. Faust played there for one season and then he retired from ice hockey.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

Awards and honors

References

External links
 

1969 births
Living people
Augsburger Panther players
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Germany
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Sweden
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Färjestad BK players
Hershey Bears players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Kölner Haie players
New Jersey Devils draft picks
People from Joliette
Sportspeople from Lanaudière
Philadelphia Flyers players
Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey players
Springfield Falcons players
Upper Canada College alumni
Without Condition

Without Condition is the debut album by contemporary Christian music singer Ginny Owens. It charted two Billboard album charts, peaking at number 39 on the Heatseekers Albums chart and number 25 on the Top Contemporary Christian music chart. The song "If You Want Me To" became her signature song.

To celebrate the album's twentieth anniversary in 2019, Owens release six videos of reflections songs from the album. Some videos feature people who contributed to the album, such as Michael W. Smith and Don Donahue.

Track listing

Personnel

Musicians 
 Ginny Owens – vocals, keyboards, acoustic piano
 Jeff Roach – keyboards, acoustic piano
 Michael W. Smith – keyboards, acoustic piano
 Gary Burnette – guitars
 Mark Hill – bass
 Greg Herrington – drums
 Dan Needham – drums
 Lisa Cochran – backing vocals
 Dennis Wilson – backing vocals
 Curtis Wright – backing vocals

Production 
 Monroe Jones – producer
 Don Donahue – executive producer
 Michael W. Smith – executive producer
 Jim Dineen – engineer
 Eric Elwell – engineer
 Tom Laune – mixing
 Hank Williams – mastering at MasterMix (Nashville, Tennessee)
 Diana Lussenden – art direction, artwork, design, stylist

Track information and credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

Charts

References

1999 debut albums
Ginny Owens albums
Helen Bottel

Helen A. Bottel (March 13, 1914 – April 18, 1999) was an American newspaper columnist who wrote the long-running, nationally syndicated advice column Helen Help Us! in the 1960s and 1970s.

Although not as well known as the Dear Abby or Ann Landers columns, King Features Syndicate's Helen Help Us! syndicated call-in show addressed concerns from parents regarding child behaviour, discipline, and parent-child relationships.  Her advice focused on acknowledging what parents have control over (their own actions) and how to effectively apply limits and guidance to their children.  One was teenage dating: she ran the "Stamp Out Steadying" or "S.O.S." campaign, which gave support to teenagers who did not want to succumb to pressure to "go steady".  Another constant subject of letter writers to her column was suburban neighbors who would invade each other's privacy with spyglasses.  From 1971 - 1980, she co-wrote the column with her daughter, Sue Bottel Peppers. She published at least three books, one of which was a collections of her columns.

At the age of 72, Helen left King Features Syndicate and self-syndicated in the Yomiuri Shimbun Newspaper in Japan, offering Western advice to Japanese readers.

In the 1990s, Bottel co-wrote a Look Who's Aging column for Senior magazine.

Helen was married for 63 years to Robert Edwin Bottel.  They had four children, Robert Dennis Bottel, Rodger Markam Bottel, Roberta Kathryn Bottel (Bernhardt)  and Suzanne Virginia Bottel (Peppers).

Books
 Bottel, Helen. To Teens With Love. Doubleday, 1968.  .
 Bottel, Helen. Helen Help Us!.  Grosset & Dunlap, 1970.
 Bottel, Helen. Parents' Survival Kit: A Reassuring Guide to Living Through Your Child's Teen-Age Years.  Doubleday, 1978.

References

Helen Bottel's obituary at the Sacramento Bee

1914 births
1999 deaths
American advice columnists
American women columnists
20th-century American women journalists
20th-century American journalists