alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Johannes Alabi

Johannes Alabi (also Arabi)(–1820) was granman of the Saramaccans, a Maroon people in Suriname. He was of Yoruba West African descent.

Alabi was born around 1743 in Munyawoyokiiki in Boven Suriname. His father would later become granman (paramount chief) of the tribe. In 1767 his father was killed by the Matawai, and he swore to revenge his father's death. In September 1767, elders of the tribe persuaded to bury the hatchet, because he could become the next granman. He came into contact with missionaries of the Moravian Church who taught him to read and write, and he aided them with the development of a Saramaccan-German dictionary. On 6 January 1771, he was christened. In 1783, he was elected granman of his tribe. He died in 1820.

References 

1740s births
1820 deaths
People from Sipaliwini District
Saramaka
S-25 (rocket)

The S-25 is a Soviet air-to-ground rocket launched from aircraft. It is launched from the O-25 pod which can hold one rocket. The rocket first entered service with the Soviet Air Force in 1975.

Variants
The rocket has four variants:
S-25-OF with high explosive-fragmentation warhead
S-25-O with fragmentation warhead and radio proximity fuze
S-25-OFM for use against hardened targets
S-25L (LD) laser-guided variant

References

Air-to-ground rockets of the Soviet Union
Predrag Cvitanović

Predrag Cvitanović (; born April 1, 1946) is a theoretical physicist regarded for his work in nonlinear dynamics, particularly his contributions to periodic orbit theory.

Life
Cvitanović earned his B.S. from MIT in 1969 and his Ph.D. at Cornell University in 1973.  Before joining the physics department at the Georgia Institute of Technology he was the director of the Center for Chaos and Turbulence Studies of the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen.

Cvitanović is a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, a corresponding member of Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, a recipient of the Research Prize of the Danish Physical Society, and a fellow of the American Physical Society.

In 2009 Cvitanović was the recipient of the prestigious Alexander von Humboldt Prize for his work in turbulence theory.

He currently holds the Glen P. Robinson Chair in Non-Linear Science in from Georgia Institute of Technology.

Scientific work

Perhaps his best-known work is his introduction of cycle expansions— that is, expansions based on using periodic orbit theory—to approximate chaotic dynamics in a controlled perturbative way. This technique has proven to be widely useful for diagnosing and quantifying chaotic dynamics in problems ranging from atomic physics to neurophysiology. This theory has been applied by Cvitanović and others to fluid turbulence. Another well-known result is the Feigenbaum-Cvitanović functional equation.

Books
 P. Cvitanović, R. Artuso, R. Mainieri, G. Tanner and G. Vattay, "Chaos: Classical and Quantum" Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen 2005
 P. Cvitanović, "Group Theory: Birdtracks, Lie's, and Exceptional Groups" Princeton University Press, Princeton 2008, available online at http://birdtracks.eu/

See also
 E7½
 Feigenbaum function
 Penrose graphical notation

References

External links
Cvitanović's web page at Georgia Tech
Conference in honor of Cvitanović's 60th birthday
A collection of Cvitanović's quotes

1946 births
Cornell University alumni
Living people
Georgia Tech faculty
Croatian physicists
Scientists from Zagreb
Dynamical systems theorists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Lucianosaurus

Lucianosaurus is an extinct genus of amniote of unknown affinities, known only from teeth. Initially described as a basal ornithischian dinosaur, subsequently reclassified as a member of the clade Archosauriformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement and later, taking into account the similarity of its teeth to the teeth of traversodontid cynodonts such as Dadadon (shared presence of teeth with sub-triangular crowns, enlarged denticles, and thecodont tooth implantation), as an amniote of uncertain affinities (though based on dissimilarities in gross morphology and geographic separation it is still more likely that the taxon is indeed an archosauriform rather than a traversodontid).

Fossil remains of Lucianosaurus were first found in Late Triassic strata in Eastern New Mexico, United States. The generic name refers to Luciano Mesa () in Guadalupe and Quay counties of New Mexico where the teeth of Lucianosaurus were first uncovered and identified.

References 

Late Triassic tetrapods of North America
Triassic tetrapods
Padang people

Padang is an ethnic group in Sudan, a subgroup of the Dinka. They speak Padang, a Dinka language. Many members of this ethnicity are Christians. The population of this ethnicity exceeds 100,000.

References

Ethnic groups in Sudan
Dinka people
Tordrillo Mountains

The Tordrillo Mountains are a small mountain range in the Matanuska-Susitna and Kenai Peninsula Boroughs in the southcentral region of the U.S. state of Alaska. They lie approximately  west-northwest of Anchorage. The range extends approximately  north-south and  east-west.
The highest point is Mount Torbert (). On a clear day, they are easily visible from Anchorage.

The Tordrillos are bordered on the south by the Chigmit Mountains, the northernmost extension of the Aleutian Range. (The Tordrillos are sometimes counted as part of the Aleutian Range, but this is not official usage.) On the west and north they meet the southern tip of the Revelation Mountains, part of the Alaska Range, while on the east they fade into the hills and lowlands of southcentral Alaska. The north side of the range feeds the Skwentna River, and the south drains into Chakachamna Lake and the Chakachatna River.

The Tordrillos are primarily a volcanic range, like most of the neighboring Aleutian Range; however some of the peaks (for example, Mount Torbert) are not volcanoes. Mount Spurr, the southernmost peak in the range, had its most recent eruption in June 1992. They are heavily glaciated, partly due to their location near Cook Inlet. Major glaciers include the Capps Glacier, Triumvirate Glacier, Hayes Glacier, and Trimble Glacier.

Despite their proximity to Anchorage, the Tordrillos see little recreational or climbing activity. However, Mount Spurr and nearby Crater Peak are regularly visited and monitored by the Alaska Volcano Observatory.

Named peaks of the Tordrillo Mountains
 Mount Torbert ()
 Mount Gerdine ()
 Mount Spurr ()
 Mount Nagishlamina ()
 Hayes Volcano ()
 Crater Peak () (A subsidiary peak of Mount Spurr)

Gallery

Notes

External links
 Alaska Volcano Observatory
 Tordrillo Mountains on Topozone
 

Mountain ranges of Alaska
Mountains of Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska
Mountains of Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska
Shadow on the Sand

Shadow on the Sand is the fifth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.  This is the final book in the "Kai" portion of the series.

Gameplay
This is the last book before the reader/player attains the rank of "Kai Master", at which point in time all acquired Kai disciplines are effectively reset in favor of new Magnakai disciplines.  Unfortunately, this means that players can be at their relative weakest here in this book if they choose to start playing a new character from scratch.

The actual gamebook is divided into two parts, each having 200 sections.  Effectively, one reads or plays through the first portion of the adventure before moving onto the second portion.  This is the first and only Lone Wolf book which exhibits this unusual split-adventure construct.

Plot
Once more, the reader (Lone Wolf) must set out on a mission bestowed upon him by the king.  This time, the mission is a diplomatic one, in which a crucial peace treaty must be signed in the far away desert empire of Vassagonia.

But as always, things are more complex than they seem, and peace is elusive. Lone Wolf walks into a trap from which he barely escapes, and he must fight the prime Darklord (Haakon) to regain a secret Kai artefact which will determine the fate of the Kai Order. This artifact is called the 'Book of the Magnakai'.

Reception

External links
Gamebooks - Lone Wolf
Gamebooks - Shadow on the Sand
Project Aon - Shadow on the Sand
Shadow on the Sand Book Review

Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
1985 fiction books
Berkley Books books
Ruweng people

The Ruweng are part of South Sudan's larger Ngok fraternity found in both South Sudan and northern Sudan. The Ngoks consists of Jok, Ruweng and Lual Yak. Ngok is one branch of the ten Dinka groups (namely Rek, Malwal, Ngok, Agaar, Twic, Bor, Padang, Ciec, Aliab and Marbek). The Dinka is the largest Nilotic group in the world.

Location 
Located in South Sudan's Ruweng State, the population of the Ruweng is estimated at 260,000. Ruweng State is bordered by Abyei in the west, Twic in the southwest, Nuer in the south, Shilluk in southeast and the Sudan (Nuba Mountains and Misseriya) from the east to northwest.

Language 
Ruweng speak the Ruweng Ngok Dinka dialect, a subdialect of the Ngok dialect of the Dinka language.

Groups 
The Ruweng have largely moved away from the Ngok identity to establish their own separate identity as Ruweng. This makes the Dinka have nine major groups (Ruweng, Rek, Malwal, Agaar, Twic, Bor, Padang, Marbek, and Ngok). Ruweng sometimes call themselves , which is a short form of Pan-Ruweng. 

The capital of Ruweng State is Pariang. The four major Ruweng groups are Kwel, Awet, Aloor and Paweny (which are found both in Ruweng State and Central Upper Nile State in South Sudan). In Ruweng State, the Ruweng people are divided into 18 chiefdoms. Ruweng of  are divided into two kwel and awet and together they have 12 subclans. The kwel subclans () are Kuocgoor, Agaany, Bibiok, Ngeer, Miorcigiu, Bugo Bol, Bugo Angau, Palei, and Tungdiak. The awet subclans are Aniek, Kuok, and Diar. Ruweng of Aloor (or ) has six subclans: Amaal, Majuan, Thieyier, Ngongkiel, Manteng, and Abang. 

The Ruweng section known as Paweny, located in the Atar County of Central Upper Nile State, left the mainstream Ruweng in 17th century, although they maintain contact with mainstream Ruweng. They have six subclans. Part of Paweny is still in Ruweng State today and has three subclan
s: Buga e Bol, Tungdiak, and Palei.paweny main clans are Aniek that is the largest followed by jueny followed by thiony and finally buga

External links 
Ruweng People Association

Ethnic groups in South Sudan
Pingyang

Pingyang (平阳) may refer to:

Linfen, formerly known as Pingyang, prefecture-level city of Shanxi
Princess Pingyang (平陽公主; d. 623), Chinese princess of the Tang Dynasty
Pingyang County (平阳县), Wenzhou, Zhejiang
Pingyang Township (平阳乡), Rongjiang County, Guizhou

Towns
Pingyang, Tailai County (平洋镇), Heilongjiang
Written as "平阳镇":
Pingyang, Beihai, in Yinhai District, Beihai, Guangxi
Pingyang, Laibin, in Xingbin District, Laibin, Guangxi
Pingyang, Fuping County, Hebei
Pingyang, Gannan County, Heilongjiang
Pingyang, Jidong County, Heilongjiang
George Tod (surveyor)

George Tod was a British surveyor and hothouse builder who provided colour illustrations and descriptions of 26 "glass houses," chiefly of his own design, in an 1807 publication. The text presents plans, elevations and sections of hothouses, greenhouses, conservatories, and an aquarium built in different parts of England for various noblemen and gentlemen, including a hothouse and greenhouse in the gardens at Frogmore. In a review in The Literary Panorama of 1807, Tod's book is priced at £2. 12s. 6d., and is praised for giving greenhouse examples that could be reproduced "by any ingenious workman".

References

External links
Plans, Elevations and Sections, of Hot-Houses, Green-Houses, an Aquarium, Conservatories…, by Tod, George.

British surveyors
English landscape and garden designers
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
The Kingdoms of Terror

The Kingdoms of Terror is the sixth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.  This is the first book in the "Magnakai" portion of the series, which begins after Lone Wolf has spent three years studying the Book of the Magnakai.

Gameplay
This book is the first of the "Magnakai" books, in which Lone Wolf moves onwards from the Kai disciplines of the previous books to new, more powerful Magnakai disciplines.  Even though some attributes and special items may be carried forward into this adventure, for the most part, the new disciplines help to level out the playing field of those starting with this book as compared to those who have played through the previous books.  Players begin with only 3 out of a possible 10 Magnakai disciplines, requiring more careful selection than in Flight from the Dark. This book also introduces "The Lore Circles of the Magnakai", in which the player receives bonuses to Combat and Endurance points by selecting groups of Magnakai disciplines. Furthermore, an additional gameplay element is introduced with the addition of the bow, a weapon not available in the previous five adventures. It is used in special instances in the adventure and uses random number choices bolstered by Weapon Mastery and situation modifiers to determine success or failure.

Plot
In order to fulfill his pledge to restore the Kai, Lone Wolf must first himself become a Kai Grand Master. To accomplish this monumental task, he must retrieve the Lore Stones led only by the wisdom of Sun Eagle, the First Kai Grandmaster. As the last of the Kai, there is little to guide Lone Wolf in his studies, except for a faded inscription in the Book of the Magnakai directing him to seek the Lorestone of Varetta. And so, Lone Wolf sets off for Varetta in the Stornlands, far to the south of Sommerlund, to find this ancient relic and revive the glory of the Kai.

External links
Gamebooks - Lone Wolf
Gamebooks - The Kingdoms of Terror
Project Aon - The Kingdoms of Terror
Book Review

1985 fiction books
Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
Berkley Books books
Mineral (disambiguation)

A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline, formed as a result of geological processes.

Mineral may also refer to:

Mineral water, water containing dissolved minerals of the sense above
Mineral (nutrient), an element required by living organisms
Mineral resources, geological deposits (crystalline, non-crystalline, solid, liquid or gas) which potentially can be mined

Places
Mineral, California
Mineral, Washington
Mineral del Monte, Hidalgo, Mexico
Mineral, Illinois
Mineral, Oklahoma
Mineral Township, Bureau County, Illinois, United States
Mineral Township, Cherokee County, Kansas, United States
Mineral Township, Barry County, Missouri, United States
Mineral Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania, United States
Mineral, Texas
Mineral, Virginia

Other uses
Mineral (band), an emo band
Mineral River, a river in Michigan
Soft drinks, in some English speaking countries

See also
Mineral City (disambiguation)
Mineral County (disambiguation)
Bleeding toad

The bleeding toad, fire toad or Indonesian tree toad (Leptophryne cruentata) is a species of true toad in the amphibian family Bufonidae, endemic to Java, Indonesia. L. javanica was, formerly, synonymous with the bleeding toad prior to its description as a distinct species in 2018, although the degree of differentiation between these species is low. The bleeding toad is listed as a critically endangered species due to a drastic population decline. The factors behind this decline are unclear, but appear consistent (despite ambiguous observations) with the global spread of chytrid fungus, a particularly lethal fungal spore for frogs and toads; once infected, the animals develop a condition known as chytridiomycosis before ultimately dying.

Description 
Bleeding toads are medium-sized toads that have dark red/purple bodies with blood-red to yellow marbling present on the back and legs. Males measure  and females  in snout–vent length. They resemble other toads in the family Bufonidae with several distinctions.  They have reduced Bidder's organs, and partially fused pectoral epicoracoid cartilage.  In addition, they have a slender habitus and elongate limbs. They received the common name "bleeding toad" due to the red back markings and the skin secretions they produce when stressed.

Distribution 
Bleeding toads are endemic to western Java and are known from a small number of sites in the Mount Gede Pangrango National Park and from around Mount Halimun Salak National Park. They prefer the boundary zones between the moist lowland areas and mountainous forests, and are at present typically found between altitudes of  above sea level. They breed and lay their eggs in slow moving, vernal streams in which the larvae develop.

Threats 
Bleeding toads are listed as critically endangered by the IUCN: once locally abundant, it has declined dramatically and the remaining population is estimated to be no more than 250 adults. It was initially believed that the eruption of Mount Galunggung in 1987 was responsible for a significant portion of this decline due to the loss and degradation of habitat, but at present the decline looks more consistent with chytridiomycosis, as the observed patterns of decline resemble declines of other mountainous stream-breeding amphibians that have been affected by the fungus, but no positive identification of the disease on a bleeding toad has been made. In addition, tourist activities are threatening at least one subpopulation.

The effects of global climate change may also contribute to the decline of the species. As temperatures rise, the range of suitable habitat for many mountainous species is moved to higher elevations.  The result of this is a smaller total amount of suitable habitat, that can support smaller populations.  Additionally, these populations are often isolated, which can leave them vulnerable to events such as the eruption of Mount Galungung.

References 

Leptophryne
Amphibians of Indonesia
Endemic fauna of Java
Amphibians described in 1838
Taxa named by Johann Jakob von Tschudi
Mercedes Renard

Mercedes Renard  is an American actress from Miami, Florida.  She made her big screen debut with roles in two feature films in 2005. The first, an independent, sci-fi thriller titled Headspace, featured Renard in the role of reporter Connie Sanchez. That same year, she played the role of Maria alongside Will Smith and Eva Mendes in the romantic comedy Hitch. She appeared in the seventeenth season episode, "Corner Office," of Law & Order, the third-season finale of House, and played one of the titular roles in the 2012 film Four Assassins.

Her father, Roberto Lopez, was an actor in Cuba.

External links

Living people
American film actresses
American television actresses
21st-century American actresses
Year of birth missing (living people)
Actresses from Miami
Vortis

Vortis may refer to:

 Vortis (Doctor Who), a fictional planet in the British science fiction series Doctor Who
 Vortis, an indie rock band including drummer Jim DeRogatis
 Tokushima Vortis, a professional soccer club in Japan
 The Red Shiny Robots of Vortis appear in the TV series Hyperdrive

See also
Fortis (disambiguation)
Gweru Polytechnic Institute

Gweru Polytechnic College is a technical college located in the Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, providing over 60 courses in five divisions. The college is located 1.5 km north of Gweru city centre.  Its focus is technical education and training for industry and commerce in Zimbabwe.

Gweru Polytechnic offers teaching to more than 2000 students. Its five divisions deliver certificates and diplomas. The divisions are Commerce, Engineering, NASS, Education, and Applied Sciences.

Since 1999, Gweru Polytechnic and Humber Business School have worked together to promote the development of small business in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe. Humber business faculty have visited Zimbabwe to conduct seminars and workshops on needs assessment and curriculum development, and Humber postgraduate business students have completed 8-week summer field placements in Zimbabwe. Gweru Polytechnic is the only college that offers Diploma in Technical and Vocational Education in Zimbabwe hence it is the only college training Lecturers in the country.

External links 
 Humber Business School Gweru partnership

Universities and colleges in Zimbabwe
Education in Midlands Province
Buildings and structures in Midlands Province
Castle Death

Castle Death is the seventh book in the Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.

Gameplay

Lone Wolf books rely on a combination of thought and luck. Certain statistics such as combat skill and endurance attributes are determined randomly before play (reading). The player is then allowed to choose which Magnakai disciplines or skills he or she possess. This number depends directly on how many books in the series have been completed ("Magnakai rank"). With each additional book completed, the player chooses one additional Magnakai discipline.

Plot

In his quest to attain Kai Grand Master status, Lone Wolf must seek out and find 7 Lorestones.  After obtaining the Lorestone of Varetta in the previous book and absorbing its wisdom and power, the location of the next Lorestone is revealed as the remote township of Herdos.  Here, Lone Wolf is directed by friendly Elder Magi to search within the accursed fortress of Kazan-Oud, otherwise known as "Castle Death".

External links
Gamebooks - Lone Wolf
Gamebooks - Castle Death
Project Aon - Castle Death

Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
1986 fiction books
Berkley Books books
Grégory Havret

Grégory Havret (born 25 November 1976) is a French professional golfer.

Career
Havret won the French Amateur Championship three years in a row from 1997 to 1999, and in 1999 he won the European Amateur. He also won a minor professional tournament as an amateur, the 1998 Omnium National.

Havret turned professional in 1999 and won a place on the European Tour at the 2000 Qualifying School. He finished 60th on the Order of Merit in 2001, his rookie season, recording a maiden tour victory at the Italian Open. Havret's biggest win to date came in the 2007 Barclays Scottish Open at Loch Lomond, where he overcame major winner Phil Mickelson in a playoff. In August 2008, Havret recorded a second tournament victory in Scotland (third overall), leading the Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles at the end of every round in recording a one shot win over Graeme Storm.

Havret's best year-end ranking on the Order of Merit is 19th in 2007. In 2008 Havret reached the top 100 of the Official World Golf Ranking and established himself as the highest ranked French golfer.

As a qualifier and ranked 391 in the world, Havret was the runner-up at the 2010 U.S. Open, finishing one stroke behind Graeme McDowell.

Amateur wins
1997 (1) French Amateur Championship
1998 (1) French Amateur Championship
1999 (2) French Amateur Championship, European Amateur Championship

Professional wins (5)

European Tour wins (3)

European Tour playoff record (1–2)

French Tour wins (1)

Other wins (1)
1998 Omnium National (France, as an amateur)

Results in major championships

CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied

Summary

Most consecutive cuts made – 2 (twice)
Longest streak of top-10s – 1

Results in World Golf Championships

"T" = Tied
Note that the HSBC Champions did not become a WGC event until 2009.

Team appearances
Amateur
European Youths' Team Championship (representing France): 1996
 European Amateur Team Championship (representing France ): 1997, 1999
Eisenhower Trophy (representing France): 1998

Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Continental Europe): 2007
World Cup (representing France): 2007, 2008

See also
2019 European Tour Qualifying School graduates

References

External links

French male golfers
European Tour golfers
Mediterranean Games medalists in golf
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for France
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for France
Competitors at the 1997 Mediterranean Games
Sportspeople from La Rochelle
Sportspeople from Aix-en-Provence
1976 births
Living people
20th-century French people
Mount Torbert

Mount Torbert is the highest point of the Tordrillo Mountains, a small, primarily  volcanic range, northwest of Anchorage, Alaska. It is a heavily glaciated peak, and is not itself a volcano, although nearby Mount Spurr and Crater Peak are active volcanoes.


See also

List of mountain peaks of North America
List of mountain peaks of the United States
List of mountain peaks of Alaska
List of Ultras of the United States

References

Sources
 Alaska Ultra-Prominence Page
 Alaska Volcano Observatory

External links

 Mount Torbert on Topozone
 Mount Torbert on bivouac.com

Mountains of Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska
Torbert, Mount
1985–86 European Cup Winners' Cup

The 1985–86 European Cup Winners' Cup was won by Dynamo Kyiv in the final against Atlético Madrid. It was their second title in the competition, and first since 1975.

Reigning champions Everton, who initially qualified for the European Cup instead as the 1984–85 Football League champions, and 1985 FA Cup winners Manchester United missed out on European football due to the newly enacted five-year ban on English clubs participating in Europe, following the Heysel Stadium disaster on 29 May 1985.

CSKA Sofia were barred from entering after the riots during the Bulgarian Cup final.

First round

|}

First leg

Second leg

Dynamo Kyiv won 6–3 on aggregate.

Second round

|}

First leg

Second leg

Dynamo Kyiv won 5–2 on aggregate.

Quarter-finals

|}

First leg

Second leg

Dynamo Kyiv won 9–2 on aggregate.

2–2 on aggregate. Dukla Prague won on away goals.

Semi-finals

|}

First leg

Second leg

Dynamo Kyiv won 4–1 on aggregate.

Final

Top scorers

See also
1985–86 European Cup
1985–86 UEFA Cup

External links
 1985–86 competition at UEFA website
 Cup Winners' Cup results at Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
  Cup Winners Cup Seasons 1985-86–results, protocols

3
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup seasons
Cascades Shopping Centre

Cascades Shopping Centre is an enclosed shopping centre in the city centre of Portsmouth on the South Coast of England. It has a wide range of High Street retailers, and its own multi-storey car park connecting straight into the malls by lifts and stairs. Work began on the Centre in Summer 1987 and it opened on 26 September 1989.

The Centre had a £20m redevelopment of the ground and lower ground floors during 2006/2007. The food hall was converted to shopping floorspace and the open atrium above it was filled in to provide an extra 2,500 square metres of retail space and 54 additional car park spaces. The new mall was opened by the Lord Mayor of Portsmouth Councillor Mike Blake at an official ceremony on 29 May 2007.

However, the demolition of the Tricorn Centre and the delay on the redevelopment of the area by Portsmouth city council, has created a large car park immediately outside; whilst the closure of Woolworths has rendered a large retail unit that was unused for many years, Until Primark bought the unit to use to expand their store. This has made the redevelopment, with its consequent loss of smaller shops and food outlets, largely unnecessary. The redevelopment removed the food court, the iconic glass lifts and large naturally lit atrium.

Local residents are united in their agreement that the removal of the food court and the iconic glass lifts is one of the worst thought-out plans to have ever come into fruition.

Stores
The Centre has seen many stores close in recent years. The large Marks & Spencer store has been relocated to Ocean Retail Park in Copnor. The Centre has over 60 shops, including Claire's Accessories, Next, Primark, New Look Men, T.K. Maxx and many independent shops.

External links

Portsmouth City Council information sheet

Shopping centres in Hampshire
Buildings and structures in Portsmouth
Tourist attractions in Portsmouth
Sara Gambai people

Sara Gambai is an ethnic group in Chad and Sudan. They speak Ngambay, a Nilo-Saharan  language. It is a trade language. It is the largest of the Sara languages, also classified as one single language.
 Most are non-Muslim. The population of this ethnicity in Chad possibly exceeds 1,000,000. 
 
Sara people is an ethnic minority within Chad, of which Sara Gambai is part. Other subgroups of the Sara include the Sar, Mbay, Kaba, Gulay and Dai. The Sara Gambai people live in Southern parts of Chad.

References

External Links
Joshua Project

Ethnic groups in Chad
Ethnic groups in Sudan
Sara people
The Jungle of Horrors

The Jungle of Horrors is the eighth book in the award-winning Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.

Gameplay

Lone Wolf books rely on a combination of thought and luck. Certain statistics such as combat skill and endurance attributes are determined randomly before play (reading). The player is then allowed to choose which Magnakai disciplines or skills he or she possess. This number depends directly on how many books in the series have been completed ("Magnakai rank"). With each additional book completed, the player chooses one additional Magnakai discipline.

This book provides the player (reader) with a companion/guide named Paido, who accompanies the player through much of the book, in contrast to most of the other books which feature only solo adventures.

Plot

After surviving the perils of Castle Death and being tutored by the Elder Magi, Lone Wolf and the reader now seek out the third Lorestone.  The location of this Lorestone is thought to be hidden in a temple deep within a jungle-swamp known as the Danarg.  Over the years, this fetid swamp has become the home for any number of evil creatures who seek to protect the jungle and its treasures.  To make matters worse, news is delivered that the Darklords have united behind a new leader, and may soon again bring war to Magnamund, increasing Lone Wolf's sense of urgency.

External links
Gamebooks - Lone Wolf
Gamebooks - The Jungle of Horrors
Project Aon - The Jungle of Horrors

1987 fiction books
Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
Berkley Books books
Shwai people

Shwai is an ethnic group in Sudan. They speak Shwai, a Niger–Congo language. Many members of this ethnicity are Christians. The population of this ethnicity possibly exceeds 5,000. The origin of this ethnic group are the Nuba Mountains.

References
Joshua Project

Ethnic groups in Sudan
Hampshire Chronicle

The Hampshire Chronicle is a local
newspaper based in Winchester, Hampshire, England. The first edition was published on 24 August 1772, making it one of the oldest publications in England.

History 
The paper was founded by James Linden and was originally based in Southampton, moving to Winchester in 1778. From 1807 until 2004 its offices were at 57 High Street, Winchester. It is now based at 5 Upper Brook Street, Winchester.

For many years, the paper included national and international news, before trains allowed London papers to reach Hampshire. It now concentrates on news from Winchester and central Hampshire.

The paper has been published every week without fail since the first week. Publication days have varied, moving from Monday to Saturday in 1844, then to Friday in the 1970s and to Thursday in November 2005.

Photographs became a regular feature of the paper in the 1940s.

The paper currently comprises three weekly sections: the first broadsheet section covers news, classified advertising and sport. The second broadsheet section is for property advertising. The third, tabloid-size section is 7 Days, which covers arts, entertainment and motoring. There is also a monthly tabloid business supplement.

Until 19 April 1991, the Hampshire Chronicle was printed at its own offices, 57 High Street Winchester. From the following week it was printed at Portsmouth Printing and Publishing Ltd. It is now printed at Newsquest's Print Centre, in Test Lane, Redbridge, Southampton.

The Hampshire Chronicle is owned by Newsquest, which is the second largest publisher of regional and local newspapers in the UK, and is itself part of the US group Gannett.

Sister newspapers in the area include the Romsey Advertiser, Southern Daily Echo, Basingstoke Gazette, Andover Advertiser, and the Salisbury Journal.

References

External links
 

1772 establishments in England
Newspapers published in Hampshire
Newspapers published by Newsquest
Publications established in 1772
Muhammed Taib

Muhammed Saeed Taib (, ) (born 1939) is a Saudi Arabian political activist, lawyer, writer, and one of the most prominent liberals in the country. He is best known for his book Prince and Intellectuals 
(مثقفون وأمير: الشورى وسياسة الباب المفتوح) where he stated his liberal views on the political reforms of Saudi Arabia. The book was published in 1992 and was banned in Saudi Arabia. Taib has recently participated in the Saudi Arabian National Debate (الحوار الوطني).

See also
Tuwaa

References

1939 births
Living people
Saudi Arabian writers
Saudi Arabian dissidents
20th-century Saudi Arabian lawyers
People from Mecca
21st-century Saudi Arabian lawyers
Mark 23 Mod 0

Mark 23 Mod 0 (Mk.23 mod 0) may refer to:

 Heckler & Koch Mark 23, a semi-automatic .45ACP pistol
 Stoner 63, a 5.56×45mm NATO round light machine gun

See also
 Mark 23 (disambiguation)
Theatre Guild Glasgow

Theatre Guild Glasgow is a non-profit company specializing in the production of musical theatre in Glasgow, Scotland.

History
Theatre Guild Glasgow was formed in 1960. The company is one of Glasgow's most highly respected musical theatre groups.  They quickly earned a reputation for originality and professionalism and over the years notched up many Glaswegian, Scottish, British, European and even World amateur premiers.

Towards the late 1980s they began to suffer from rising costs and falling audience numbers as the appetite for new and rarely performed musical shows dwindled.  In 1993 the company was on the verge of folding following a number of large financial losses.  However, a new committee was elected from the existing membership and the company was saved by a combination of fund raising (driven by founder member, Billy Love) and a change in policy regarding the production of rarely performed shows.  Their first profit making show for some years was Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! in 1995.

Today, the Theatre Guild continues to entertain Glasgow audiences in city centre venues. Famous past members include Billy Boyd (who featured in the Lord of the Rings movies).

External links
 Official web site

Culture in Glasgow
Theatre in Scotland
Organisations based in Glasgow
Guilds in Scotland
Ern

Ern or ERN may refer to:

Transport 
 Eirunepé Airport, in Brazil
 Engenho da Rainha Station, on the Rio de Janeiro Metro
 Ernakulam Town railway station, in Kerala, India
 Ernest Airlines, an Italian airline

Other uses 
 Ern (given name)
 Employer Reference Number
 Erin Energy Corporation, an American oil and gas company
 Eritrean nakfa,  the currency of Eritrea
 Error-related negativity
 Sea eagle, any bird of prey in the genus Haliaeetus
 White-tailed eagle (H. albicilla)

See also
 Erne (disambiguation)
James K. Kelly

James Kerr Kelly (February 16, 1819September 15, 1903) was an American politician born in Pennsylvania. He was a United States senator for Oregon from 1871 to 1877, and later Chief Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court. Prior to his election to the Senate he had been elected to both houses of the local legislature, serving in the Territorial House and State Senate, and was a member of the Oregon Constitutional Convention in 1857.

Early life
Kelly was born in Centre County, Pennsylvania, in 1819. There he attended the school at Milton, and later the Lewisburg Academies. For his higher education, the future Congressman graduated from the College of New Jersey in 1839. James Kelly then studied law in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, at the Dickinson School of Law and was admitted to practice law in Pennsylvania in 1842.

Career
Upon entering the legal profession, Mr. Kelly began private practice in Lewistown, Pennsylvania, then was the deputy attorney general for Mifflin County, Pennsylvania. In 1849 he left for California and the newly discovered gold fields, then moved on to the Oregon Territory in 1851. In Oregon he set up a law practice in Portland and was one of three people selected to help re-write the laws of the territory.

Political career

While living in Oregon, Kelly became active in politics and was elected as a Democrat to the territorial legislature serving from 1853 to 1857, and was selected as president of the legislature twice. In 1857, he was a member of the constitutional convention formed to prepare for Oregon's admission into the Union in 1859. Upon statehood, Kelly was elected to the Oregon State Senate and served from 1860 to 1864. In 1864, he ran for a seat in the U. S. House of Representatives, but lost to Republican James H. D. Henderson. He was also unsuccessful in running for governor in 1866. Then in 1870, he was elected to the U.S. Senate as a Democrat and served from March 4, 1871, to March 3, 1877. He did not run for re-election.

From 1878 to 1880, Kelly was a justice of the Oregon Supreme Court. He also served as chief justice of the court during that time. Kelly was appointed to the position by Governor W. W. Thayer, (along with Justices Reuben P. Boise and Paine Page Prim) as a temporary justice until elections could be held following a reorganization of the Oregon court system. Kelly was not elected to a full term after his partial term expired.

Later life
After retiring from the bench, Kelly went back into private practice in Portland. In 1890 he returned to the east coast, settling in Washington, DC, where he practiced law. James Kerr Kelly died on September 15, 1903, with burial at Rock Creek Cemetery.

References

1819 births
1903 deaths
People from Centre County, Pennsylvania
American people of Irish descent
Democratic Party United States senators from Oregon
Members of the Oregon Territorial Legislature
Members of the Oregon Constitutional Convention
Democratic Party Oregon state senators
Chief Justices of the Oregon Supreme Court
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges
Justices of the Oregon Supreme Court
PATH Foundation

PATH Foundation is a network of off-road trails in and around the metro Atlanta area for walkers, runners, skaters, and cyclists. The foundation was established in 1991. The goal was to develop a network of off-road trails in Atlanta in time for use during the 1996 Summer Olympics. The trails are also a way to connect neighborhoods and preserve the regional character. The first demonstration trails were built near Clarkston in DeKalb County. Presently, trails exist in Atlanta, Smyrna, Decatur, Stone Mountain, and Conyers.

PATH Foundation Trails

 Arabia Mountain
 Chastain Park
 Nancy Creek
 Northside Trail
Olde Town Conyers Trail
 PATH400
 Silver Comet Trail
 Stone Mountain
 South River Trail
 Whetstone Creek
 Trolley Line Trail

20th Anniversary and triPATHlon

In 2011, PATH celebrated its 20th anniversary. In May 2011, PATH created Atlanta's first in-town triathlon called triPATHlon and sanctioned by USA Triathlon. The triPATHlon benefited Chastain Park.

References

External links 
 PATH Foundation
 Silver Comet Trail
 Chastain Park
 Atlanta BeltLine

 
Cycling in Atlanta
Druid Hills, Georgia
Nectophrynoides poyntoni

Nectophrynoides poyntoni, also known as Poynton's forest toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania and is only known from its type locality in the Mkalazi Valley. This species is only known from a single collection in 2003 and has not been seen ever since, despite targeted searches. Therefore, it is feared that it has strongly declined and might already be extinct.

Etymology
The specific name poyntoni honours , a South African herpetologist whose work has "greatly improved the understanding of the amphibians of Tanzania".

Description
Adult males measure  and adult females, based on two specimens only,  in snout–urostyle length. The snout is short. The eyes are prominent. The tympanum and tympanic annulus are present. The parotoid gland consists of two parts, the anterior and posterior part; the anterior part is formed by a row of small glands, while the posterior half is large and bean-shaped. The finger and toe tips are rounded. The fingers have no webbing while some webbing is present between the toes IV and V. Dorsal ground colour varies from brown to light brown. There are two black stripes running from the tips of the snout to the scapular region. The dorsum may have scattered and variable dark blotches. The lower surfaces are grey.

The male advertisement call consists of pulse trains about one second long, with an interval of about 2.5–3.5 seconds. The dominant frequency is about 2.9 kHz.

Habitat and conservation
The type locality is moist submontane rainforest, close to a stream, at elevations of  above sea level. The specimens could be found specimens at night on leaves  above the ground, while during the day they hid on the ground, under fallen trees and coarse wood debris. Males call near streams mainly after sunset, but may start already late afternoon. Breeding strategy of this species is unknown, but like other members of its genus, it is probably a live-bearer giving birth to tiny toadlets.

In 2003 Nectophrynoides poyntoni was reasonably common within its tiny range. However, later targeted searches have failed to see or hear any individuals, suggesting a population decline, or perhaps even that it is already extinct. The forest habitat of this species is declining due to wood extraction. The type locality is within the Udzungwa Mountains National Park.

References

poyntoni
Frogs of Africa
Amphibians of Tanzania
Endemic fauna of Tanzania
Amphibians described in 2004
Nectophrynoides wendyae

Nectophrynoides wendyae, also known as the Uzungwe Scarp tree toad or Wendy's forest toad, is a terrestrial toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Tanzania and is only known from a single valley in the Udzungwa Mountains. The specific name wendyae honours Wendy Clarke, the describer's wife.

Description
Nectophrynoides wendyae is a robust-bodied dwarf frog. Adult males can grow to about  and adult females to  in snout–vent length. The head is longer than it is wide, and the snout is long and pointed. No tympanum is present. The parotoid gland are distinct but low and ridge-like. The finger and the toe tips are pointed. The toes have very reduced webbing. Skin is generally smooth but there are some scattered spines/tubercles. Alcohol-preserved specimens are dorsally tan brown with scattered darker brown specks. The ventral surfaces are mostly light with scattered minute black specks, but the interfemoral region has a large chocolate-brown mark beset with white tubercles.

Habitat and conservation
Nectophrynoides wendyae occurs in montane rainforest at elevations of  above sea level. It is a leaf-litter dweller; the type series was caught with pitfall traps.

While quite abundant in one tiny part of its range, Nectophrynoides wendyae is listed as critically endangered due to its very restricted distribution (estimated extent of occurrence no more than 15 km2) and ongoing habitat deterioration and loss. It occurs in the Udzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve, but the area is not well protected.

References

wendyae
Frogs of Africa
Amphibians of Tanzania
Endemic fauna of Tanzania
Amphibians described in 1988
The Cauldron of Fear

The Cauldron of Fear is the ninth book in the Lone Wolf book series created by Joe Dever.  Starting with this book, long-time illustrator Gary Chalk was replaced with Brian Williams.

Gameplay

Lone Wolf books rely on a combination of thought and luck. Certain statistics such as combat skill and endurance attributes are determined randomly before play (reading). The player is then allowed to choose which Magnakai disciplines or skills he or she possess. This number depends directly on how many books in the series have been completed ("Magnakai rank"). With each additional book completed, the player chooses one additional Magnakai discipline.

This book is arguably more linear than some of the previous books, including some sections which offer relatively little choice to the user (i.e. no real branches in the text). It also has arguably the hardest encounter for characters who have gone through the entire series to this point.

Plot

As Lone Wolf races against time to recover the remaining Lorestones, he learns that the next one resides deep underground, beneath the streets of the city of Tahou.  Unfortunately, the war against the Darklords has not been going at all well for the freeland nations, and Tahou is now in danger of falling before Lone Wolf even reaches it. If it falls to the Darklords and their Vassagonian allies before the Lorestone is recovered, the hopes of Lone Wolf completing the Magnakai quest will be thwarted forever.

External links
Gamebooks - Lone Wolf
Gamebooks - The Cauldron of Fear
Origins of Lonewolf
Project Aon - The Cauldron of Fear

1987 fiction books
Lone Wolf (gamebooks)
Berkley Books books
West Farleigh

West Farleigh is a village and civil parish four miles (6km) southwest of Maidstone in the county of Kent. The parish has a population of approximately 450, and is bounded by the civil parishes of East Farleigh, Hunton, Yalding, and over the River Medway by Wateringbury, Teston and Barming. The village now has two pubs; The Tickled Trout and The Good Intent, its third pub The White House ceased trading in 2020. Adjacent to the church is the village cricket ground. The village is twinned with the northern German village of Ringstedt, near Bremerhaven.

The Sports Club runs a football section involving; two senior Saturday sides, the first team in the Kent County League, the reserve team in the Sevenoaks and District Football League, an occasional veterans' side, and several junior sides, with the younger age groups playing their home games at Elmscroft Park, Charlton Lane. An annual tour, once mainly between the club's footballers and that of Ringstedt (but now includes many from the wider community) has been an ongoing, ever-flourishing event since 1988. The cricket section of the sports club runs two senior teams on Saturdays, playing in the Kent County Village League.The netball section plays in the Malling and Maidstone Netball League.The club also runs the village's Firework Display on each first Friday in November.

The village produces its own monthly newsletter "Life-Line", and an events' website "The Farleighs".

The primary school, which had one classroom, closed in 1968. One of its two teachers at the time, was Miss Whittle, the daughter of Sir Frank Whittle, inventor of the (turbo) jet engine. The village's post office and only stores closed in 1986.

The parish church of 'All Saints' dates back to the 11th century.

A more detailed early history of West Farleigh can be gained from the British History website.

References

Villages in Kent
Dora (singer)

Dora Maria Reis Dias de Jesus (born 20 May 1966 in Lisbon) is a retired Portuguese singer.

She represented Portugal twice at the Eurovision Song Contest. In 1986 she was 14th with Não sejas mau para mim and two years later she was 18th with Voltarei.

In February 2013 at the age of 46 she posed nude for Playboy Portugal in a photoshoot by Ana Dias.

References

Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Portugal
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1986
Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1988
20th-century Portuguese women singers
Living people
1966 births
Olive, Oklahoma

Olive is an unincorporated community in Creek County, Oklahoma, United States. The post office was established November 20, 1896, and discontinued September 30, 1938. The town was named for the daughter of the first postmaster. In 1974 there was a tornado that wiped out the town. Today, it is a small community with 42 homes or roughly 126 people. There are three churches, a convenience store called "Happy Corner," and a small school of 465 students Pre-K through 12. Olive was the birthplace of Leon "Jack" Guthrie.

References

Unincorporated communities in Creek County, Oklahoma
Unincorporated communities in Oklahoma
Muscogee (Creek) Nation