alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Tetraselmis suecica

Tetraselmis suecica is a marine green alga. It grows as single, motile cells visible under light microscope up to concentrations over one million cells per milliliter. It can be grown as a foodstock in aquaculture, being amenable to species such as rotifers of the genus Brachionus. It is a motile chlorophyte and contains a high lipid content.
T. suecica proved to have cytotoxic effects on HL-60, MCF-7 and NCI-H460 tumor cells and antioxidant activity. Therefore, they could offer greater benefits as possible natural nutraceuticals for the pharmaceutical industry. More studies are necessary to identify the specific bioactive fractions of each EPS

Adarme-Vegas et al. (2014) state that a reduction in biomass of Tetraselmis spp. was observed in high salinity cultures (50 ppt) as well as in near-freshwater salinity cultures (5 and 10 ppt). Changes in salinity primarily altered biomass productivity with cultures in 30 and 40 ppt having the highest growth rate and final productivity. Salinity had no effect on the percentage of EPA or total Fatty Acid production.

See also
Algaculture

References

High lipid content microalgae
Chlorodendrophyceae
Fasciculus Medicinae

Fasciculus Medicinae is a "bundle" of six independent and quite different medieval medical treatises.  The collection, which existed only in two manuscripts (handwritten copies), was first printed in 1491 in Latin and came out in numerous editions over the next 25 years.  Johannes de Ketham, the German physician routinely associated with the Fasciculus, was neither the author nor even the original compiler but merely an owner of one of the manuscripts.  The topics of the treatises cover a wide spectrum of medieval European medical knowledge and technique, including uroscopy, astrology, bloodletting, the treatment of wounds, plague, anatomical dissection, and women’s health.  The book is remarkable as the first illustrated medical work to appear in print; notable illustrations include: a urine chart, a diagram of the veins for phlebotomy, a pregnant woman, Wound Man, Disease Man and Zodiac Man.  In 1495, it appeared in Italian under the title Fasiculo de Medicina.

The ten handsome full-page woodcut illustrations influenced artists for some time – even as late as 1751 when the last of William Hogarth's Four Stages of Cruelty seems to borrow from the dissection scene (above).

References

 Choulant, L. History and bibliography of anatomic illustration. Trans. and annotated by Mortimer Frank. (New York: Hafner, 1962). pp. 115–119.
 Ketham, J. de. The Fasciculus Medicinae of Johannes de Ketham, Alemanus : facsimile of the first (Venetian) edition of 1491. With English translation by Luke Demaitre; commentary by Karl Sudhoff; trans. and adapted by Charles Singer. (Birmingham, Ala.: The Classics of Medicine Library, 1988).
 Morton's Medical Bibliography (Garrison and Morton). Ed. By Jeremy Norman. Fifth ed. (Aldershot, Hants, England : Scolar Press; Brookfield, Vt., USA : Gower Pub. Co., 1991). No. 363.1.

External links
Edition review
 Johannes de Ketham: Fasiculo de medicina (Venice, 1495). Selected pages scanned from the original work. Historical Anatomies on the Web. US National Library of Medicine.
Turn the pages of a virtual copy of Fasiculo de Medicina at the National Library of Medicine's website Click your mouse on the right side of the book cover to start.
 Images from Fasciculus Medicinae (Milan, 1516) From The College of Physicians of Philadelphia Digital Library

1491 books
Anatomy books
History of anatomy
Incunabula
15th-century Latin books
Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes

Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes (1785–1880) was a French historian, poet, translator and official.

De Charmettes was born in Bordeaux (France).

He was appointed to the French Conseil d'État in 1810 and became a préfet (prefect) in the French department of Haute-Saône in 1830.

A contributor to the literary magazine l’Abeille littéraire, created by Victor Hugo in 1821, he is mainly known for his successful efforts to rescue  the figure of Jeanne d'Arc from partial oblivion and turn her into a national heroine.

His interest for Joan came at a time when France was still struggling to define its new identity after the Revolution and the Napoleonic wars. The national ethos was in search of non controversial heroes. A staunch prop to King and country, Joan of Arc was an acceptable symbol to the monarchists. As a patriot and the daughter of commoners, she was seen as one prototype of the low-born volunteers (the soldats de l'an II) who had victoriously fought for revolutionary France in 1802 and as such could be claimed by the Republicans. As a religious martyr, she was also popular in the powerful Catholic community. De Charmette's Orleanide, today largely forgotten, was another attempt to magnify the national ethos as writers like Virgil (the Aeneid), or Camoens (the Lusiad) had done for Rome and Portugal.

Significant works
 Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc (Histoire de Jeanne d'arc-Tome1 Tome2  Tome3  Tome4), Paris, Ed. Artus Bertrand, 1817, 4 volumes. (The story of Joan of Arc, known as the Maid of Orleans, based on her own statements, 144 depositions from eye-witnesses, and manuscripts in the Royal Library in the Tower of London.)
L'Orléanide, Poème national en vingt-huit chants (The Orleanid, a national epic in 28 cantos), Paris, Ed. Artus Bertrand, 1821. 
 Epitres politiques sur nos Extravagances , Paris, Ed. P. Dentu, 1831.
 1804:Translation in French – Le Château de Néville (Novel)
 1814:Translation in French – O'Donnel – MORGAN, Lady (Novel)
 1817:Translation in French – La France (Re-edition augmentee) – MORGAN, Lady (Novel)

Further links
 About his involvement in literature (Hugo,Jussieu).
Information about the History of Joan of Arc in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France for 1818
Journal général de la littérature de France ou Répertoire méthodique 1818
ÉPITRES (Bibliothèque nationale de France)
For a 19th-century representation of Joan of Arc in the archives of Columbia University: (Engraving, Columbia University)

External links
 

1785 births
1880 deaths
Writers from Bordeaux
Deaths in France
18th-century French poets
19th-century French historians
19th-century French writers
Prefects of Haute-Saône
French male poets
19th-century French male writers
French male non-fiction writers
18th-century French male writers
Andrew Barclay

Andrew Barclay may refer to:

Andrew Barclay (bookbinder) (1737–1823), who emigrated from Scotland to the British-American colonies
Andrew Barclay (mathematician) (1849–1943), Scottish mathematician
Andrew Barclay (merchant), Scottish-American merchant
Andrew Whyte Barclay (1817–1884), Scottish physician
Andrew Barclay Sons & Co., Scottish builder of steam and diesel locomotives
Andy Barclay, character in Child's Play series

See also
Vadugar

Vatuka is a given name. Notable people with the name include:

 Vatuka of Anuradhapura, King of Anuradhapura
 Vatuka of Southern India

See also
 Vaduge
Tania Strecker

Tania Strecker (born 26 June 1973) is a Danish-British model and television presenter in the United Kingdom.

Her break into TV began with Channel 4's Naked Elvis, and she then co-hosted MTV's SELECT with Richard Blackwood. After several further presenting jobs, she joined The Big Breakfast with Richard Bacon, and then Beachmate.

Personal life
She is the daughter of ex model Maren Enthoven, she took her stepfather David Strecker's  surname. Between the ages of 5 and 7, she lived in Los Angeles; otherwise she spent her life in London. Her mother divorced her father, an asset manager, when she was very young. Strecker is of Danish maternal and Argentine paternal descent.

She has a daughter, Mia, born 1996, from a relationship with the pub owner and convicted drug dealer James Mosbacher. They later married when Strecker was 22, the couple later separated and divorced.

In 2005, Strecker married Anthony James de Rothschild, the eldest son of Evelyn de Rothschild and Victoria Schott.

She is the subject of the Robbie Williams song "She's Madonna".

References

External links

British television presenters
British women television presenters
Danish female models
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
1973 births
Danish people of Argentine descent
Danish television presenters
Danish women television presenters
Rothschild family
AMX192

AMX192 (often referred to simply as AMX) is an analog lighting communications protocol used to control stage lighting. It was developed by Strand Century in the late 1970s. Originally, AMX192 was only capable of controlling 192 discrete channels of lighting. Later, multiple AMX192 streams were supported by some  lighting desks. AMX192 has mostly been replaced in favour of DMX, and is typically only found in legacy hardware.

History 
The name AMX192 is derived from analog multiplexing and the maximum number of controllable lighting channels (192). AMX was developed to address a significant problems in controlling dimmers. For many years, in order to send a control signal from a lighting control unit to the dimmer units, the only method available was to provide a dedicated wire from the control unit to each dimmer (analogue control) where the voltage present on the wire was varied by the control unit to set the output level of the dimmer. In the late 1970s, the AMX192 serial analogue multiplexing standard was developed in the US, permitting one cable to control several dimmers.

At about the same time, D54 was developed in the United Kingdom, and differed from AMX192 in that it used an embedded clocking scheme.  AMX192 used a separate differential clock with a driver circuit similar to RS-485, but current limited on each leg with 100Ω resistors.

See also
 Dimmer
 Lighting control console
 Lighting control system
 DMX512
 RDM

External links 
Strand Lighting Corporate
University of Exeter - Strand Archive

Stage lighting
Network protocols
Playford

Playford may refer to:

Places

 City of Playford, Australia
 Electoral district of Playford, Australia
 Playford B Power Station, South Australia
 Playford, Suffolk, a village in England
 Hotel in Australia, part of Accor Hotels

People

The Playford family of British rowers including
Francis Playford (1825-1896)
Herbert Playford (1831-1883)
Frank Lumley Playford (1855-1931)
Humphrey Playford (b 1896)
The Playford family of Australians, including:
Rev. Thomas Playford , aka Thomas Playford I (1795–1873), preacher in South Australia
Thomas Playford II, Premier of South Australia
Thomas Playford IV, Premier of South Australia
John Playford, British music publisher, editor of The English Dancing Master
Henry Playford, John's son, also a music publisher
Minas of Aksum

Minas (or Menas) was an early bishop of Aksum, probably in the sixth century. According to traditional Ethiopian historiography, he was the second abun after Frumentius (Salama I) and took the name Salama II. The Ethiopian sources, however, place the episcopate of Frumentius in the reign of King Ezana (c. 320–360) and that of Minas in the reign of Anbasa Wedem, twenty-six kings later, yet before the Arab conquest of Egypt (c. 640). This may indicate a long gap in the episcopal succession. Alternatively, it may indicate "a fresh start of vigorous Christian activities" under Minas. This would also explain why he was considered by later Ethiopians to be a second Salama.

According to the Gadla Afse, Minas was bishop when the Nine Saints came to Ethiopia between the late 4th and 6th centuries. Although there is no information on Minas' origins, modern scholars have been quick to assume he was an Egyptian. This would make him the first Egyptian abun in a continuous line down to the 20th century. His name was common in Egypt.

Minas is credited with several works of Ethiopian literature. He wrote sermons, six of which are still part of the liturgy of Ethiopian monasteries, read at designated times of the year. These six cover the Apostles, the Seventy Disciples, the Dormition of the Virgin, the Feast of the Cross, the 318 attendees of the First Council of Nicaea and the season of spring. Tradition also ascribes to him the translation of the Book of Revelation into Geʽez. The translation of the Geʽez text The Story of How the Interiors of Ethiopia Came to Christianity, an extract from Tyrannius Rufinus on the mission of Frumentius, may also be the work of Minas.

Works
An English translation of Minas' homily on the cross is found in Getatchew Haile, The Ethiopian Orthodox Church's Tradition on the Holy Cross (Leiden: Brill, 2018), pp. 112–125.

References

6th-century bishops
People from the kingdom of Aksum
Bishops of Axum
Minas

Minas or MINAS may refer to:

People with the given name Minas
 Menas of Ethiopia (died 1563)
 Saint Menas (Minas, 285–309)
 Minias of Florence (Minas, Miniato, died 250)
 Minas Alozidis (born 1984), Greek hurdler
 Minas Avetisyan (1928–1975)
 Minas Hantzidis (born 1966), Greek footballer
 Minas Hadjimichael (born 1956), Permanent Representative to the United Nations for Cyprus
 Minas Hatzisavvas (1948–2015), Greek actor
 Minas of Aksum, 6th-century bishop

People with the surname Minas 

 Iskouhi Minas (1884–1951), French poet and writer of Armenian descent.

Places
 Minas Gerais, Brazil
 Minas, Uruguay
 Minas Department, Córdoba, Argentina
 Minas Department, Neuquén, Argentina
 Minas, Cuba, a municipality in Cuba
 Minas, Iran, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
 Minas Basin in Nova Scotia
 Les Mines, a former Acadian community on the shores of the Minas Basin (called Minas or Mines in English)

Other uses
 Minas (band), an American bossa nova band
 Minas cheese
 Minas (game contract), a contract in the card game of Schafkopf
 Minas Tênis Clube, a social and sports club from Belo Horizonte, Brazil
 MINAS, a biochemistry database
 Minas, a Cablebús station in Mexico City
 Minas Tirith, fictional city in Lord of the Rings

Mina
 Mina (unit),  an ancient Near Eastern unit of weight, and hence, also unit of currency
 Mina (Sikhism), a sect of Sikhism

See also
 
 Mina (disambiguation)
Judenhass

Judenhass (German for "Jew-hatred") may refer to:

 Traditional and religious anti-Judaism
 Antisemitism, discrimination against Jews on racial grounds
 Judenhass (comics), a 2008 comic book by Dave Sim
Internetowa encyklopedia PWN

Internetowa encyklopedia PWN (Polish for Internet PWN Encyclopedia) is a free online Polish-language encyclopedia published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. It contains some 80,000 entries and 5,000 illustrations.

External links
 Internetowa encyklopedia PWN 

Online encyclopedias
Polish online encyclopedias
Polish Scientific Publishers PWN books
Otis Smith

Otis Smith may refer to:

Otis Smith (American football), American football player
Otis Smith (basketball), American basketball player
Otis Smith (tennis), American tennis player
Otis M. Smith, justice on the Michigan Supreme Court
Fight in the Channel

The Fight in the Channel took place on 16 and 17 September 1639 when a Dutch squadron under Admiral Maarten Tromp and Admiral Witte Corneliszoon de With, met with a much larger but poorly led Spanish fleet under Antonio D'Oquendo, consisting of 40 to 45 men–of–war and 40 to 50 transport vessels filled with some 13,000 Spanish soldiers who were being transported to Dunkirk. Tromp with 12 ships spotted the Spanish fleet on the 16th, but waited for de With to arrive with five more ships before attacking. Despite his numerical inferiority Tromp got the upper hand in a running fight which lasted into the night. The next day, Zeeland Commodore Joost Banckert arrived to reinforce the Dutch with 12 more ships. Fighting continued until the Dutch ran out of gunpowder when D'Oquendo retreated to the roadstead of the Downs hoping for English protection which would eventually lead to the Battle of the Downs, where D'Oquendo was decisively defeated.

This fight is notable because Tromp used the line of battle for the first time.

References

Sources
 

Naval battles of the Eighty Years' War
1639 in Europe
Eighty Years' War (1621–1648)
Naval battles involving the Dutch Republic
Battles involving the Dutch Republic
Naval battles involving Portugal
Naval battles of the Dutch–Portuguese War
Naval battles of the Thirty Years' War
Military history of the English Channel
Naval battles involving Spain
Black-crested titmouse

{{Speciesbox
| image = Black-crested_Titmouse.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = 
| genus = Baeolophus
| species = atricristatus
| authority = (Cassin, 1850)
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision =
 B. a. atricristatus
 B. a. paloduro
 B. a. sennetti
| range_map = Baeolophus atricristatus distribution map.png
| range_map_caption = Range of 'Baeolophus atricristatus}}

The black-crested titmouse or Mexican titmouse (Baeolophus atricristatus), is a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. Once considered a subspecies of the tufted titmouse (B. bicolor), it was recognized as a separate species in 2002. It is native to southern Texas, Oklahoma, and east-central Mexico. Vagrants have been seen as far north and east as St. Louis, Missouri.

The bird is  long, with rusty flanks, gray upperparts, and a whitish belly. The male has a long, dark black crest that is usually erect, while the female's crest is not as dark. It is common wherever trees grow, whether they are deciduous, heavy timber, or urban shade trees. Its call peter, peter, peter'' is similar to that of the tufted titmouse, but shorter. Its diet consists of berries, nuts, spiders, insects, and insect eggs.

The black-crested titmouse nests in tree cavities, telephone poles, fence posts, and bird boxes. The eggs, four to seven of which are laid in March or April, are white with reddish-brown spots.

References

External links

Black-crested titmouse photos

black-crested titmouse
Birds of the Rio Grande valleys
Birds of Mexico
black-crested titmouse
black-crested titmouse
Heritage High School (Newport News, Virginia)

Heritage High School, established in 1996, is a public school in Newport News, Virginia. The school is home to the Heritage Hurricanes, and its colors are maroon and silver. The school is also home to the Newport News Public Schools Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) magnet program, as well as the University magnet program. The school is located in the South East End area of the city (Downtown) at 5800 Marshall Avenue. The current principal is Earling Hunter. The school has a twin school, Woodside High School, that was built simultaneously and designed by the same architects.

2021 shooting

On September 20, 2021, a shooting occurred at the school, injuring two people. The shooter, 15-year-old Jacari Taylor, was arrested and has since pleaded guilty to malicious wounding and four gun charges. Taylor, who showed remorse for his actions, was ultimately sentenced to 10 years for the shooting.

Demographics 

As of October 2009

Athletics 
The hurricanes compete in the peninsula region, division 4A. 

In 2000, The Heritage football team won the Virginia state championship with a 14-0 overall record. In 2008, the girls basketball team also won the Virginia state title, defeating Forest Park.

Notable alumni
Darryl Blackstock NFL Player

References 

Educational institutions established in 1996
High schools in Newport News, Virginia
Public high schools in Virginia
Magnet schools in Virginia
1996 establishments in Virginia
Brazilian Institute of Family Law

The Brazilian Institute of Family Law or IBDFAM (from Instituto Brasileiro de Direito de Família, in Portuguese) is a non-profit civil association founded on October 25, 1997, in the city of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the First Congress of Brazilian Family Law.

The national headquarters of the Brazilian Institute of Family Law is located in Belo Horizonte. However, IBDFAM has representatives in all states of the union through its state and regional leaderships.

Justice Maria Berenice Dias of the state of Rio Grande do Sul is the founder of the Brazilian Institute of Family Law and is currently its vice-president (in 2006). Dr. Dias was the very first female judge to take the bench in her home state. She also became a nominee to the Supreme Court of Justice of Brazil at the start of 2006.

Some of the main goals of IBDFAM are to "conduct studies and research, to promote discussions with an interdisciplinary focus and to foster the overall well-being of the Brazilian family." The Institute "works to further and ensure the civic rights of all members of Brazilian society, and of all Brazilian families - traditional and non-traditional." IBDFAM also promotes and seeks to participate in dialogues and round tables throughout Brazil and abroad.

See also 
 Same-sex marriage in Brazil
 Lei Maria da Penha

External links
 Instituto Brasileiro de Direito de Família. Website in Portuguese, accessed on April 25, 2006.
 Maria Berenice Dias. Website in English, Spanish and Portuguese, accessed on April 25, 2006.

Brazilian family law
Non-profit organisations based in Brazil
Michael Schennum

Mike Schennum is a photojournalist with The Arizona Republic. His face appeared on a 2012 Time magazine cover montage for a story about Latino voters, despite the fact that Schennum has one parent who is of Chinese descent, and one parent who is of Irish and Norwegian descent.

Education
Schennum earned a B.A. in art from University of California, Santa Cruz in 2000. He also took photojournalism courses at San Francisco State University. His first Intro to Photography class sparked his interest in photojournalism.

Career
Schennum has been working in professional photojournalism for eight years. He works as a staff photographer for The Arizona Republic. Prior to working here, he was an intern at the Appleton Post-Crescent and the Palo Alto Daily News. He also taught courses in photojournalism at Arizona State University. He has done freelance work for a number of magazines and newspapers across the US.

Organizations
Schennum is a member of the Asian American Journalists Association. He was also on the board of the local Arizona chapter for seven years.

Awards and honors
In 2005 he won the Sports Illustrated Assignment award.

References

Autobiographical sketch at MVHS Alumni Directory

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from the San Francisco Bay Area
University of California, Santa Cruz alumni
San Francisco State University alumni
Artists from Phoenix, Arizona
American photojournalists
American people of Chinese descent
American people of Irish descent
American people of Norwegian descent
Sarwani

Sarwani (Pashto شیروانی) is a Pashtun tribe.

Distribution
They are primarily found in Afghanistan with a significant minority found in Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab, Pakistan.

Origin
The Sarwani people originate from the city of Sherran or Current Iran-Afghan bordered Regions and from the Ghazni province.

See also
 Shirani (Pashtun tribe)
 Suri (Pashtun)
 Ghor Province

References

Pashtun tribes
Pashto-language surnames
Saraiki-language surnames
Pakistani names
Kidd Field

Kidd Field is an athletic facility used primarily by the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) in El Paso, Texas. Constructed for its then-primary use as a football field in 1938, it was the site of the Sun Bowl until 1963 when Sun Bowl Stadium opened. Kidd Field is used for track and field meets today. Kidd Field cost $2,000 to build, and El Paso holds an annual Easter festival there.  Built in the early 1930s, Kidd Field has been home to numerous All-Americans, national champions, national record-holders and Olympians. Named after UTEP (then Texas College of Mines and Metallurgy) professor and athletic booster John W. Kidd, the facility was shared with the UTEP football team until 1962, when the facility became sole home to the track and field team.  The track features an eight-lane Mondo Track, the same surface used for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. The track was made possible by generous donations from Wayne and Russ Vandenburg of EPT Management and Mark Fry. The track was dedicated in former Miner legend Larry K. Durham's name. His contribution gave Kidd Field a makeover in 2011, and it was dedicated in his name in April 2012.  A state-of-the-art Daktronics video board was added in January 2008. The 9x15-foot LED video display plants fans right into the action on the track, providing graphics and video elements that display real-time highlights throughout a meet. The lit facility also houses throws and jumps arenas, making Kidd Field one of the top track-only complexes in the country.

References

External links
 UTEP Athletics Kidd Field

College track and field venues in the United States
Defunct college football venues
UTEP Miners football venues
UTEP Miners track and field
NCAA bowl game venues
Sun Bowl
Sports venues in El Paso, Texas
American football venues in Texas
Athletics (track and field) venues in Texas
1938 establishments in Texas
Sports venues completed in 1938
Tamil literature in the Chola Empire

Chola literature, written in Tamil, is the literature created during the period of Chola reign in South India between the 9th and the 13th centuries CE. The age of the imperial Cholas was the most creative epoch of the history of South India and was the Golden Age of Tamil culture.

References 
 Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1935). The CōĻas, University of Madras, Madras (Reprinted 1984).
 Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (1955). A History of South India, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002).

Tamil-language literature
Literature
Cultural history of Tamil Nadu
Takehisa Yaegashi

Takehisa Yaegashi (born 1943) is a retired engineer for Toyota Motor Corporation. He led the team that developed the Prius and, though retired, still works as a consultant for Toyota. He is known as "Mr. Hybrid."

References
Your World Today broadcast transcript, CNN, April 24, 2006 (URL last accessed November 2, 2006).
Dawson, Chester, "Takehisa Yaegashi: Proud Papa Of The Prius", BusinessWeek, June 20, 2005 (URL last accessed November 2, 2006).
Fairley, Peter, "Hybrids' Rising Sun", Technology Review, April 1, 2004 (URL last accessed November 2, 2006).

Japanese automotive engineers
Toyota people
1943 births
Living people
Dean Constable

Dean Constable (born January 11, 1980 in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada) was the leader of the New Democratic Party of Prince Edward Island (NDP) from 2006 to 2007. He replaced Gary Robichaud as leader. Constable used to be the theatre stage manager for the Charlottetown Festival. Constable was elected the leader of the Island New Democrats on April 23, 2006 by a narrow margin over labour leader Mike DesRoches.

He announced he would be running on an anti-privatisation and pro-universal health care and child care platform. Constable's leadership appeared to be welcomed by Islanders as early polls reported the NDP's support had risen from four to eight per cent. He contested the seat of Charlottetown-Victoria Park in the 2007 provincial election.

In June 2006, Constable criticized Premier Pat Binns' government for gerrymandering the new electoral riding map to divide the province in an east vs. west conflict. Constable said it would only draw attention away from "important" issues like health care and education. He expressed support for the map introduced by Justice John A. McQuaid in 2004.

Constable announced his resignation from the leadership of the party on August 26, 2007, citing personal reasons.

References

1980 births
New Democratic Party of Prince Edward Island leaders
Living people
Politicians from Charlottetown
More than Famous

More Than Famous is a documentary film about Salvadoran-American boxer Carlos 'Famoso' Hernández. It was produced and directed by Graham Rich. The film follows Hernández's fights in 2001 against Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Juan Angel Macias. The film won the Grand Festival Award at the 2003 Berkeley Video & Film Festival.  This was the first collaboration between director Graham Rich and producer Evan Klinger, who both attended the University of California, Santa Cruz.

External links
 
 Variety.com review

2003 films
Documentary films about sportspeople
Documentary films about boxing
2003 documentary films
Fruitvale, British Columbia

Fruitvale is a village in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. It is  east of the city of Trail along Highway 3B.

Early community
One of eight original stations on the Nelson and Fort Sheppard Railway opened in 1893, the location was named Beaver Siding. The name Fruitvale appeared in 1907, promoting a new subdivision. Despite the climate being unsuitable for fruit growing, the settlement prospered and was incorporated as a village in 1952.

Geography
The village of Fruitvale lies in the Beaver Valley, which is made up of Fruitvale, Beaver Falls, and Montrose.

Demographics 
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Fruitvale had a population of 1,958 living in 858 of its 881 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 1,920. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

Religion 
According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Fruitvale included:
Irreligion (1,150 persons or 60.7%)
Christianity (740 persons or 39.1%)

Schools
Fruitvale Elementary School serves students from kindergarten to grade 7.  High school students are bussed to J. Lloyd Crowe Secondary School in nearby Trail. Beaver Valley Middle School (formerly Beaver Valley Junior Secondary ) closed in 2002.

Sports
The KIJHL's Beaver Valley Nitehawks hockey team play in Fruitvale.  The village also has facilities for curling, bowling, soccer, golf, and baseball.

Notable people

Adam Deadmarsh, former NHL player – Colorado Avalanche and Los Angeles Kings
Barret Jackman, 2003 NHL Rookie of the Year
Laci J. Mailey, actress – Falling Skies, Chesapeake Shores
Ella Matteucci, ice hockey player – Markham Thunder (CWHL) and PWHPA
Paul Moller, inventor of the Skycar

References

External links

Designated places in British Columbia
Villages in British Columbia
Populated places in the West Kootenay
Ministry of Peace

Ministry of Peace may refer to:

One of the Ministries of Nineteen Eighty-Four, the dystopian novel of George Orwell
Ministry of Peace (Ethiopia), an Ethiopian government ministry overseeing intelligence services, police, immigration and the encouragement of peace processes

See also
 Department of Peace, a proposed cabinet-level department of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States
Achkan

Achkan (, ), also known as Baghal bandi, is a knee length jacket worn by men in the Indian subcontinent much like the Angarkha.

History
Achkan evolved from Chapkan, a dress  which earlier formed the costume of the respectable class. According to Shrar, Achkan was invented in Lucknow when India was being ruled by independent rulers (rajas, nawabs and Nizams). It was later adopted by high class Hindus from Muslim nobles

It can be distinguished from the Sherwani through various aspects, particularly the front opening. Achkan traditionally has side-opening tied with strings, this style of opening is known as baghal bandi but frontal opening were not uncommon, similar to Angarkha. While sherwani always has straight frontal opening, due to its function as outer-coat. Achkan, like Angarkha was traditionally worn with sash known as patka, kamarband or dora wrapped around the waist to keep the entire costume in place. While sherwani was traditionally worn as decorative outer-coat for special occasions during medieval times. Achkan is always worn with either dhoti or churidar. Achkan is made from various fabrics for both formal and informal occasions, it features traditional embroidery like gota and badla. Today, achkan is commonly worn by the grooms during wedding ceremonies or other formal festive occasions in the Indian subcontinent. It was used by men.

There are various regional variations of achkan worn throughout the Indian subcontinent, and are known by regional names such as Daura in Nepal and Northeast India, Angi in Southern India and Chola or Cholu in Indian Himalayas.

In the Indian subcontinent, the achkan is generally worn for formal occasions in winter, especially by those from Punjab, Jammu, Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Hyderabad. The achkan sherwani is generally associated with the Hindus while the sherwani was historically favoured by Muslims. The two garments have significant similarities, though sherwanis typically are more flared at the hips and achkans are lengthier than sherwanis. The achkan later evolved into the Nehru Jacket, which is popular in India.

References

Pakistani clothing
Punjabi clothing
Meanings of minor planet names: 57001–58000



57001–57100 

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center | 
|}

57101–57200 

|-id=140
| 57140 Gaddi ||  || Riccardo Gaddi, amateur astronomer and popular expositor || 
|}

57201–57300 

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center | 
|}

57301–57400 

|-id=359
| 57359 Robcrawford || 2001 RC || Robert W. Crawford, American energy and environmental consultant, amateur astronomer and physicist || 
|}

57401–57500 

|-id=424
| 57424 Caelumnoctu ||  || (19)57–4–24, 1957 April 24, is the date of the transmission of the first edition of the BBC television series The Sky at Night (Caelum noctu in Latin) || 
|-id=471
| 57471 Mariemarsina ||  || Marie Marsina (born 1952) currently serves as the President of the National Art League in New York City and as Vice President of the Douglaston Civic Association. She is a graduate of Pace University's Lubin School of Business. || 
|}

57501–57600 

|-id=509
| 57509 Sly ||  || Sylvestre (Sly) Maurice (born 1966), a planetary astronomer specialized in lunar and Martian exploration. He has been a lead-developer of Martian rover instruments. || 
|-id=567
| 57567 Crikey ||  || Steve Irwin (1962–2006), an Australian zookeeper and conservationist, known for his TV-series The Crocodile Hunter. "Crikey!", was his signature phrase. || 
|}

57601–57700 

|-id=658
| 57658 Nilrem ||  || Jean-Claude Merlin (born 1954), French astronomer, founder-president of the Burgundy Astronomical Society () and discoverer of minor planets. "Nilrem" is "Merlin" backwards, because of pre-existing . || 
|}

57701–57800 

|-bgcolor=#f2f2f2
| colspan=4 align=center | 
|}

57801–57900 

|-id=868
| 57868 Pupin || 2001 YD || Mihajlo Pupin (1858–1935), a Serbian-American physicist and humanitarian. || 
|-id=879
| 57879 Cesarechiosi ||  || Cesare Chiosi, Italian professor of theoretical astrophysics at the University of Padua || 
|}

57901–58000 

|-
| 57901 Hitchens ||  || Christopher Hitchens (1949–2011) was a social, religious and literary critic of broad interests, who listed "disputation" among his hobbies || 
|}

References 

057001-058000
Barbara Aronstein Black

Barbara Aronstein Black (born 1933) is an American legal scholar. Born and raised in Brooklyn. She was the first woman to serve as dean of an Ivy League law school. when she became Dean of Columbia Law School in 1986. Black is the George Wellwood Murray Professor of Legal History at Columbia.

Life and career 
Black received her B.A. from Brooklyn College in 1953, her LL.B. from Columbia Law School in 1955, and a Ph.D. from Yale University in 1975. While at Law School, she was editor of the Columbia Law Review.

Black was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1989 and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1991. She was also for two years president of the American Society for Legal History.

Black's work has been concentrated in the area of contracts and legal history. She is a recipient of the Elizabeth Blackwell Award and of the Federal Bar Association Prize of Columbia Law School.

Barbara Black is the widow of constitutional scholar and civil rights pioneer Charles Black, with whom she had three children, two sons and a daughter. She left Academia for a time to focus on raising her children, and returned in 1965.

References

External links 
 Columbia Law School Faculty Profile

1933 births
American women lawyers
American lawyers
American legal scholars
Brooklyn College alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
Deans of Columbia Law School
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Deans of law schools in the United States
Women deans (academic)
Legal historians
Living people
Yale University alumni
American academic administrators
American women legal scholars
American women academics
21st-century American women
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Job Durfee

Job Durfee (September 20, 1790 – July 26, 1847) was a politician and jurist from Rhode Island. Born at Tiverton, he graduated from Brown University in 1813 and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Tiverton. He was a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1816 to 1820, and was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Seventeenth Congress and was reelected as an Adams-Clay Republican to the Eighteenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1821 to March 3, 1825. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1824 to the Nineteenth Congress and for election in 1828 to the Twenty-first Congress; he was again a member of the State house of representatives from 1826 to 1829, serving as speaker from 1827 to 1829. He declined to be a candidate for reelection and resumed the practice of law; in May 1833 he was elected associate justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court. He was chief justice from June 1835 until his death in Tiverton in 1847. As chief justice, he presided over the trial of the last person executed in Rhode Island, John Gordon. Durfee's interment was in the family burying ground at Quaker Neck, near Tiverton.

Durfee was the author of What Cheer, a poem in nine cantos; of an oration, The Influences of Scientific Discovery and Invention on Social and Political Progress, or Roger Williams in Exile (1843), under the pseudonym "Theaptes;" and of a philosophical work, entitled The Panidea (1846).

References

 Complete Works of Job Durfee, with a Memoir of his Life (Providence, 1849), edited by his son
 Gibson, Discourse on the Character and Writings of Chief Justice Durfee (Providence, 1848)

People from Tiverton, Rhode Island
1790 births
1847 deaths
Brown University alumni
Members of the Rhode Island House of Representatives
Chief Justices of the Rhode Island Supreme Court
Speakers of the Rhode Island House of Representatives
Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Rhode Island
19th-century American poets
American male poets
19th-century American male writers
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American judges
Kentucky Thunder

Kentucky Thunder, or Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder, is the band that plays with American country and bluegrass singer Ricky Skaggs.  Many members of the band have won numerous awards.  Bandleader Ricky Skaggs plays mandolin and is the lead vocalist. The group has won the Instrumental Group of the Year award from the International Bluegrass Music Association multiple times, as well as seven Grammy Awards.

Line-up
The current line-up is;
Russell Carson - Banjo
Jake Workman - Lead Guitar
Dennis Parker - Rhythm Guitar, Baritone Vocals, Mandolin, Fiddle
Mike Rogers - Guitar and Tenor Vocals
Billy Contreras - Fiddle
Gavin Kelso - Upright Bass

Discography

Guest artists on The Chieftains' Down the Old Plank Road: The Nashville Sessions (2002)

Awards

Grammy awards
Source:
 1998 Best Bluegrass Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Bluegrass Rules!
 1999 Best Bluegrass Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Ancient Tones
 2000 Best Southern, Country, or Bluegrass Gospel Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Soldier Of The Cross
 2003 Best Country Performance By A Duo or Group With Vocal: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for A Simple Life
 2004 Best Bluegrass Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Brand New Strings
 2006 Best Bluegrass Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Instrumentals
 2008 Best Bluegrass Album: Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder for Honoring the Fathers of Bluegrass: Tribute to 1946 & 1947

IBMA (International Bluegrass Music Association) Awards
 1998 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 1998 Album Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder for Bluegrass Rules!
 1999 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2000 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2002 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2003 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2004 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2005 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder
 2006 Instrumental Group Of The Year: Ricky Skaggs & Kentucky Thunder

References

External Links
Andy Leftwich Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (2020)

Musical groups established in 1997
American bluegrass music groups
Grammy Award winners
Musical groups from Kentucky
Hammer & Sickle

Hammer & Sickle () is a tactical role-playing game for the PC, co-developed by the Russia-based companies Novik&Co and Nival Interactive and published by CDV in 2005. The game is set in the same universe (and runs on the same game engine) as Silent Storm, an earlier product by the same company.

Background story
Germany has recently been divided between Soviet and Western zones, the Cold War has just begun, and the Americans still have a monopoly on the atomic bomb.

Gameplay
The player takes on the role of a Soviet commando assigned to operate behind British-American lines in 1949 post-World War II Germany.

The game features an open ended storyline in which the player's actions determine the course of the game. The player also has significant control over the team's movement between game maps and the passage of time, both of which also affect the storyline.

The player can assign feats to the team members with each level-up, as well as outfit them with disguises for moving through towns without attracting attention. A wide range of authentic weapons of the era can be scavenged from dead enemies to outfit the player's team, as well as bought and sold for cash.

As with Silent Storm, nearly all structures are completely destructible with enough firepower. Hammer & Sickle also employs ragdoll physics for bodies according to the precise velocity of an impact. Fully three-dimensional mapping allows for obstruction calculations and cover effects from all angles, bullets ricochet and their stopping power depends on the weapon. Things are somewhat exaggerated for a more cinematic experience.

Reviews
Reviews of the game have generally been average to poor, with the polish and high difficulty of the end product being the most common complaint. Strategy specialist reviewers have highly praised the non-linearity and difficulty of the game.

Releases
Taiwanese company T-Time Technology translated and released the international Chinese edition of Hammer & Sickle under the name 諜報菁英 () on March 18, 2006. Also, the fan community released an unofficial patch to address issues left.

References

External links

2005 video games
Cold War video games
Nival games
Silent Storm engine games
Tactical role-playing video games
Video games developed in Russia
Windows games
Windows-only games
CDV Software Entertainment games
Single-player video games
Video games set in Germany
Hammer and sickle (disambiguation)

The hammer and sickle (Russian: Serp i Molot: Серп и молот, "sickle and hammer") is the international symbol of communism.

The name may refer to:
 the flag of the Soviet Union, consisting of a yellow hammer and sickle and star on a red background
 Hammer & Sickle, a computer game
 Sickle and Hammer (film), a Russian silent film

See also
 Serp i Molot (disambiguation)
Directory harvest attack

A directory harvest attack (DHA) is a technique used by spammers in an attempt to find valid/existent e-mail addresses at a domain by using brute force.  The attack is usually carried out by way of a standard dictionary attack, where valid e-mail addresses are found by brute force guessing valid e-mail addresses at a domain using different permutations of common usernames. These attacks are more effective for finding e-mail addresses of companies since they are likely to have a standard format for official e-mail aliases (i.e. jdoe@example.domain, johnd@example.domain, or johndoe@example.domain).

There are two main techniques for generating the addresses that a DHA targets. In the first, the spammer creates a list of all possible combinations of letters and numbers up to a maximum length and then appends the domain name. This would be described as a standard brute force attack. This technique would be impractical for usernames longer than 5-7 characters. For example, one would have to try 368 (nearly 3 trillion) e-mail addresses to exhaust all 8-character sequences.

The other, more targeted technique, is to create a list that combines common first name and surnames and initials (as in the example above). This would be considered a standard dictionary attack when guessing usernames for e-mail addresses. The success of a directory harvest attack relies on the recipient e-mail server rejecting e-mail sent to invalid recipient e-mail addresses during the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) session.  Any addresses to which email is accepted are considered valid and are added to the spammer's list (which is commonly sold between spammers). Although the attack could also rely on Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs) to be sent to the sender address to notify of delivery failures, directory harvest attacks likely don't use a valid sender e-mail address.

The actual e-mail message generated to the recipient addresses will usually be a short random phrase such as "hello", so as not to trigger a spam filter. The actual content that is to be advertised will be sent in a later campaign to just the valid email addresses.

One theory is that spammers also use DHAs to disseminate spam, and not just to collect email addresses for a later spam campaign. Using the method in this way, similar to a paper-based leaflet drop, the sender achieves the goal based on sheer volume, and not on accuracy of delivery. Using this method, the message would likely contain the content that the spammer is advertising, and not a short random phrase.

References

Definition on Postini.com – a major e-mail services provider.

Email
Spamming
Online advertising
Types of cyberattacks
Addiscombe tram stop

Addiscombe tram stop is a light rail stop in the London Borough of Croydon in the southern suburbs of London.

The tram stop is located between Bingham Road and Lower Addiscombe Road, on a section of line which follows the trackbed of the former Woodside and South Croydon Railway. However the former railway was on an embankment at this point and crossed over both roads on bridges. During construction of Tramlink, the embankment was removed, the bridges replaced with level crossings and the tram stop built at street level.

The tram stop is built on the site of Bingham Road Halt on the Woodside and South Croydon Railway which was closed in 1915. A new station Bingham Road opened in 1935 was situated on the other (south) side of Bingham Road but closed in 1983.  The same railway's Addiscombe station was located on a branch line, about 500 metres to the west.

Services
Addiscombe is served by tram services operated by Tramlink. The tram stop is served by trams every 5 minutes between  and Arena, with trams continuing alternately to either  or  every 10 minutes.

On Saturday evenings and Sundays, the service is reduced to a tram every 7-8 minutes in each direction, with trams every 15 minutes to Elmers End and Beckenham Junction.

Services are operated using Bombardier CR4000 and Stadler Variobahn Trams.

Connections 
The stop is served by London Buses routes 289, 312 and 367 which provide connections to Elmers End, Beckenham, Bromley, Croydon Town Centre and Purley.

Free interchange for journeys made within an hour is available between bus services and between buses and trams is available at Addiscombe as part of Transport for London's Hopper Fare.

References

External links 

Addiscombe tram Stop – Timetables and live departures at Transport for London
Woodside & South Croydon railway
Bingham Road Station pages at Subterranea Britannica

Tramlink stops in the London Borough of Croydon
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 2000