alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Ssirum

Ssirûm, or Korean wrestling, is a very old sport. It is shown in pictures that are painted on walls in the ancient graves in Korea. 

This kind of wrestling was formed in Korea. It took place on days of "public enjoyment" that were created by custom.  Similar to Sumo. the man who stays on his feet until the end was the winner. He was given the title changsa ("the athlete" or "the strong man"). He was also given an ox. 

As Korea grew industrially, this type of wrestling has become a real sport. It has support in the form of the teams of professional athletes coming from colleges and universities. There are also organizations for the national Championship Ssirum Changsa. There are competitions in the country. 

Two fighters fight on the sand inside a circle. They each put on "satpa" - a piece of cloth that ties around the waist and thighs. Using their hands, legs backs, they try to make the other person fall. 

Most wrestlers are  in height and   in weight. The fights can seem slow at first they are actually very dynamic. 

Li Man-ki is one of the most well known sportsmen in this sport. In the 1980s, he won the title changsa (jangsa) many times. He has caused much of the interest of this sport.

Other websites 
Korea Ssireum Research Institute (en)

Wrestling
Sports in Korea
Queensland

Queensland is a state in eastern Australia. It is the second largest state by area and the third largest state by population. In 2006 there were 3,904,532 people living in Queensland.
	
It occupies the north-east corner of Australia. The state has the Northern Territory to the west, South Australia to the south-west and New South Wales to the south. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. The capital city is Brisbane.

The area was first settled by Indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders, who arrived between 40,000 and 65,000 years ago. Later, Queensland was made a British Crown Colony that was separated from New South Wales in 1859. The area that currently forms Brisbane was originally the Moreton Bay punishment colony, intended as a place for criminals with a repeated offence history who had offended while serving out their sentences in New South Wales. The state later encouraged free settlement, and today Queensland's economy is dominated by the agricultural, tourist and natural resource sectors.

The population is concentrated in the south-east corner, which includes the capital Brisbane, Ipswich, Logan City, and the Gold Coast and Sunshine Coast. Other major regional centres are in North Queensland and they are Cairns, Townsville, Mackay, Rockhampton, Bundaberg, Toowoomba, and Mount Isa. Queensland is often nicknamed the Sunshine State, since it enjoys warm weather and a sizable portion of the state is in the tropics.

Emblems of Queensland
 The floral emblem of Queensland is the Cooktown Orchid, Dendrobium phalaenopsis, which was chosen in 1959 for the centenary of the beginning of the state of Queensland.
 The fauna emblem of Queensland is the Koala, Phascolarctos cinereus. It was chosen in 1971.
 The bird emblem of Queensland is the Brolga, Grus rubicunda. It is the only one of the 17 species of crane that come from Queensland. It has been on the Queensland Coat of Arms since 1977, and became the bird emblem in 1986.
 The aquatic emblem is the Anemone Fish, Amphiprion akindynos. It was chosen in 2005.
 The state's official gem is the sapphire, which was first found in Queensland in 1870.

References

Other websites 

 Postcode Tool - Queensland 

 
1859 establishments in Australia
Babes in Toyland (1961 movie)

Babes in Toyland is an 1961 Disney musical movie. It starred Tommy Sands as Tom Piper and Annette Funicello as Mary Contrary. The characters in the movie are taken from Mother Goose nursery rhymes.

Plot

Tom the Piper's Son is about to marry Mary Quite Contrary. On the night before of their wedding, evil Barnaby hires two men, Gonzorgo and Roderigo, to drown Tom and take Mary's sheep. The sheep are being taken care of by Little Bo Peep. This will make life very hard for Mary and the children she lives with. It will make her have to marry Barnaby.

Tom and the sheep are taken by Gonzorgo and Roderigo, but they sell Tom to gypsies instead of killing him. Tom  escapes from the gypsies and goes with Mary, Bo-Peep, and other Mother Goose characters to Toyland.

Sources

Other websites 
 

1960s musical movies
1961 fantasy movies
Disney movies
American family movies
American musical movies
American fantasy movies
1960s English-language movies
Airship

An Airship is kind of lighter-than-air aircraft.  It floats in the sky and need not move to stay up.  That is because it is filled with a lifting gas that is more lightweight than air.  This is different from aeroplanes that stay up in the sky by moving. An airship floats like a balloon. But an airship is different from a balloon. An airship has an engine for power and a way to control its direction of movement. A balloon does not have an engine or a way to control its direction of movement.

Kinds of airships 
There are three kinds of airships. The difference is the amount of structure in the airship.

Rigid airships - Rigid airships have frames within the envelope to maintain their form.  The biggest airships were rigid airships, made in the 1920s and 1930s.  Big rigid airships were also called dirigibles.

Semi-rigid airships - Semi-rigid airships have small structures in them.  There are only a few semi-rigid airships.

Non-rigid airships - Non-rigid airships have no structures in them.  Non-rigid airships are also called blimps.  Most airships are non-rigid airships.

Blimps 
Blimps were used by the United States in WWII to fight against submarines. Blimps are now used mostly for advertising and sometimes for looking down, for example at sport stadiums and tourist attractions.

The Hindenburg 

The most famous airship was the Hindenburg. The Hindenburg was a rigid airship made by the Zeppelin airship company.  It burned when it was landing on May 6, 1937. There were 97 people on the airship when the fire started. The fire killed 35 of these people and one person on the ground. 

 
Gases
Aerospace engineering
New Amsterdam

New Amsterdam is the name the Dutch gave to the island of Manhattan after buying it from local Natives. It was the capital of New Netherland. In 1664 an English fleet arrived and took control. The English renamed it New York.

History of Manhattan
Universal suffrage

Universal suffrage means that every citizen above the age of 18 is allowed to vote. Most countries have universal suffrage, but some do not. In some countries people had to fight to get it. In other countries, it was granted after demonstrations in the main cities. They thought it was important to have it because they wanted to choose who ruled over them.

Related pages
Civil rights
Civil and political rights
Women's suffrage

Voting
Democratic rights
Bruce Dickinson

Bruce Dickinson (born 7 August 1958) is an English heavy metal singer. He is the singer in the band Iron Maiden.

Biography
Dickinson was born on 7 August 1958 in Worksop, Nottinghamshire. He was born as Paul Dickinson, but changed his first name to Bruce.  As a teenager, he lived in Sheffield. This was where he started to listen to heavy metal music.  He sang in local bands during this time, after trying to play the drums.

In the early 1980s, Dickinson was part of the band Samson. He left Samson in 1981. Later that year, after Paul Di'Anno left Iron Maiden, Dickinson was chosen to be the band's new singer. During the 1980s, Iron Maiden was very popular, and Dickinson's singing was a big part of this.

In 1990, Dickinson made his first solo album, called Tattooed Millionaire.  In 1993, he left Iron Maiden to become only a solo artist.  He released five solo albums during the 1990s, but they were not as popular as his work with Iron Maiden had been.

In 1999, Dickinson joined Iron Maiden again, and soon after the band  made a new album, Brave New World. Since then, he has stayed as a part of Iron Maiden as well as recording music both by himself and with other people.

Other interests
Outside of music, Dickinson is interested in fencing, has written both books and a script based on one of his albums for a screenplay, and has worked in the radio industry.

He is also a pilot for Astraeus Airlines, and became marketing director for the airline in September 2010.

1958 births
Living people
British aviators
English rock singers
Iron Maiden members
Musicians from Nottinghamshire
Streaming Soundtracks

Streaming Soundtracks is a radio station that is found on the internet. It plays mostly theme music from movies and television shows, but also plays music from video games. It has a website to talk with other listeners.

Other websites 

 Streaming Soundtracks website

Radio stations
Entertainment websites
Étude

An étude (said "ay-TOOD"; French for study) is a short piece of music written to help the player to become a better player. They are usually quite difficult. Sometimes they are just called "studies". Composers such as the pianist Carl Czerny and the violinist Otakar Ševčik wrote lots of études.  Each one concentrates on a technical problem: fast scale passages, arpeggios, wide leaps, chords or, for string players, different ways of bowing.

The tradition of writing études started in the early 19th century, when the piano started to become popular. Many of the études from that time are still very popular today, including those by Muzio Clementi.

Frédéric Chopin wrote two sets of études for piano. Franz Liszt also wrote some very difficult études, including the piece known as La Campanella. These two composers' études are known for being not only good for developing piano technique but are also beautiful to hear. Because of this, they are often performed in concerts and recorded onto CDs.

Musical forms
Nocturne

A nocturne is a piece of music, usually for piano, which suggests the night (“nocturnal” means “of the night”).  The Irish composer John Field was the first person to make nocturnes popular.  He was inspired by the slow, gentle tunes of Italian operas of his time (early 19th century).  His nocturnes are mostly tunes with many long notes in the right hand over.

Related pages 
Nocturnes (Debussy)
Serenade

Musical terminology
Delta Air Lines

Delta Air Lines, Inc. is a large airline from the United States. They are headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Their largest hub is also in Atlanta. Delta's first flight was in 1929. In 1972, Delta merged with Northeast Airlines. In 1987, Delta merged with Western Airlines. In 2009, they merged with Northwest Airlines. Until 2013, Delta was the world's largest airline. As of 2016, the airline goes to 334 cities and has 819 planes.

Gallery

References

Other websites 
 http://www.delta.com

1924 establishments in the United States
Airlines of the United States
Companies based in Atlanta
1920s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Vytorin

Vytorin is a clinical drug made up of chemicals called ezetimibe (right image) and simvastatin (Left image) to help people with diseases that change the amount of fats in the blood.

Other websites
http://www.vytorin.com/vytorin/shared/documents/vytorin_pi.pdf 
 http://blogs.wsj.com/health/2008/09/02/new-england-journal-of-medicine-vytorin-cancer-link-uncertain/
 http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/NEJMsa0806603v1 

Drugs
Blade Runner

Blade Runner is a 1982 American-Hong Kong dystopian science fiction movie directed by Ridley Scott and written by Hampton Fancher and David Peoples. It was based on the book Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick. Blade Runner's main actors are Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer, Sean Young, Edward James Olmos and Daryl Hannah.

Plot 
The movie takes place in humid rainy climate changed Los Angeles in November 2019 when artificial human adults called "replicants" come to Earth. As replicants are not allowed on Earth anymore after some of them had attacked humans, police officers called "Blade Runners" hunt down and kill them on Earth. Rick Deckard is forced to hunt down some replicants in Los Angeles.

Response 
Some movie critics did not like Blade Runner because they thought it was slow, but others liked its many ideas. The movie did not sell many tickets in North American movie theaters but was more popular in other countries. Even though it did not make much money, it was liked very much by teachers and science fiction fans. Blade Runner looked good and made the future look very dark and old. The movie showed important ideas of the 21st century such as globalization and genetic engineering. Blade Runner is an important example of cyberpunk and people believe it has changed the world and affected many cultures. Blade Runner made Hollywood interested in stories written by Philip K. Dick.

Versions 
Seven versions of Blade Runner exist because of changes made by different people. The producers took Scott's cut and changed some things about it, which Scott did not like. In 1992, Scott released a Director's Cut version, which was made very fast. It cut the ending of the movie and removed the voice-over. Warner Bros. released the Final Cut, a new 25th anniversary version of the movie, in October 2007. It features some new scenes and removes some of the visible special effect.

Other websites 
 BRMovie.com — alt.fan.blade-runner website
 Special Edition News Page
 Encyclopedia Blade Runner
 BR-Insight — Thoughts of the movie

References 

1982 science fiction movies
American science fiction movies
Hong Kong movies
English-language movies
Film noir
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Ridley Scott
Movies set in Los Angeles

Movies set in the future
Movies about genetic engineering
Robot movies
United States National Film Registry movies
Warner Bros. movies
Dystopian movies
Cult movies
Ridley Scott

Sir Ridley Scott (born 30 November 1937) is an English movie director and producer. The movies he has directed and produced include:

 Boy and Bicycle (1965)
 The Duellists (1977)
 Alien (1979)
 Blade Runner (1982)
 Legend (1985)
 Someone to Watch Over Me (1987)
 Black Rain (1989)
 Thelma & Louise (1991)
 1492: Conquest of Paradise (1992)
 White Squall (1996)
 G.I. Jane (1997)
 Gladiator (2000)
 Hannibal (2001)
 Black Hawk Down (2001)
 Matchstick Men (2003)
 Kingdom of Heaven (2004)
 All the Invisible Children (2005)
 A Good Year (2006)
 American Gangster (2007)
 Body of Lies (2008)
 Robin Hood (2010)
 Unstoppable (2010)
 Prometheus (2012)
 All the Money in the World (2017)

He also directed an important and expensive television commercial for Apple Computer called "1984".

Other websites 

1937 births
Living people
BAFTA Award winners
Emmy Award winners
English movie directors
English movie producers
Golden Globe Award winners
People from Tyne and Wear
Motörhead

Motörhead were an English rock band. The band was started in 1975 by bassist, singer and songwriter Ian Fraser “Lemmy” Kilmister. They are thought to be one of the bands that started the new wave of British heavy metal in the late 1970s. The word motorhead is a name for someone who likes cars, but in British slang it’s a name for a meth addict/speed freak.

Motörhead played heavy metal music very fast. This was different from how other bands played it at the time. Many listeners call them the first speed metal or thrash metal band. Motörhead are a main influence on other bands that play those styles. Lemmy did not like his band being called anything other than just a rock and roll band. Fans of punk music and metal music liked Motörhead. Their songs have words about war, drug abuse, and sex. They also sing about gambling in their most popular song, "Ace of Spades".

Motörhead are famous to fans of professional wrestling for making wrestler Triple H's theme song. He started using Motörhead's music in 2000. The song is called  "The Game". The band has played the song live at two WrestleMania events.

Motörhead was listed at number 26 on VH1's "The 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock" TV show.

The band broke up in 2015 when Lemmy died of cancer on December 28, only four days after his 70th birthday.

The band was added into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020.

Discography

Albums 
 1977 - Motörhead
 1979 - Overkill
 1979 - Bomber
 1979 - On Parole
 1980 - Ace of Spades
 1981 - No Sleep 'til Hammersmith
 1982 - Iron Fist
 1983 - Another Perfect Day
 1985 - No Remorse
 1986 - Orgasmatron
 1987 - Rock 'n' Roll
 1988 - No Sleep at All
 1991 - 1916
 1992 - March or Die
 1993 - Bastards
 1995 - Sacrifice
 1996 - Overnight Sensation
 1998 - Snake Bite Love
 1999 - Everything Louder Than Everyone Else
 2000 - We Are Motörhead
 2002 - Hammered
 2003 - Live at Brixton Academy
 2004 - Inferno
 2006 - Kiss of Death
 2008 - Motörizer
 2010 - The Wörld Is Yours
 2013 - Aftershock
 2015 - Bad Magic

Notes 

1975 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s establishments in England
2015 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English hard rock bands
English heavy metal bands
Musical groups established in 1975
Musical groups disestablished in 2015
Speed metal bands
Thrash metal bands
21st-century disestablishments in England
Flag of Russia

The flag of Russia is a horizontal tricolor of three colors - white on the top, blue in the middle, and red on the bottom. These Slavic tricolors are also used in flags of other Slavic nations (e.g. Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic).

History 
When Tsar Peter I traveled in the year 1699 to the Netherlands, in order to get more shipbuilding experience, he recognized the necessity that Russia needed its own flag for its navy.

The new Russian flag should follow the model of the flag of the Netherlands (at that time three horizontal strips orange-white-blue in addition, red-white-blue after 1630), but use colors from Russia. Peter I selected the colors from the coat of arms of the Principality of Moscow: On red background a white knight on a white horse rides, wrapped into a blue coat and blue sign carrying. Later the three colors were interpreted also than symbol for the three state-carrying ostslawischen peoples in the Russian Zarenreich: White for the “white Russians”, blue for the “small Russians” and red for the “large Russians”.

This flag was first allowed to be used on 7 May 1883. When the Bolsheviks 1917 seized power, they changed the national flag. On 22 August 1991 the white-blue-red Tricolor was determined again to the Russian national flag.

Andreyevsky flag 

Peter I gave also another flag to the country: the so-called imperial flag of Russia. It consists of a blue St Andrews cross on a white background. This flag was used alternatively with the Trikolore. The flag is still used as the flag of the Russian navy.

On 15 April 1996 the Russian president Boris Yeltsin signed an explanation that the victory flag is equivalent to the Russian flag.

The victory flag is a variant of the flag, which was introduced on May 1, 1945. The difference to the flag of the Soviet Union is that the star is somewhat larger and hammer and Sichel are not used.

References 

National symbols of Russia
Russia
Neckar

The Neckar (Swabian: Negger) is a 367 km long river in the South-West of Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rising in the Black Forest, it flows through a steep valley in the Odenwald hills and passes through the cities of Tübingen (University), Nürtingen, Esslingen, Stuttgart (capitol of Baden-Württemberg, and Heidelberg (University). In Mannheim the Neckar joins the river Rhine.

Related pages 
1223 Neckar

Geography of Baden-Württemberg
Rivers of Germany
Radolfzell

Radolfzell at the Bodensee is northwest a city on the west bank of Bodensee of about 18 km from Konstanz. It is after Konstanz and Singen (Hohentwiel) the third biggest city of the district Konstanz. Since 1 January 1975 Radolfzell is large district town.

Neighbour cities 
Following cities and municipalities border on the city Radolfzell at the Bodensee. They are called in the clockwise direction beginning in the southwest: Moos (at the Bodensee), Singen (Hohentwiel), Steisslingen, Orsingen, Nenzingen(all district Konstanz).

Other websites 
  

Towns in Baden-Württemberg
Konstanz (district)
Nenzingen

Nenzingen is a city in the district Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg.

Nowerdays Nenzigen has got an population of 3.126 inhabitants (December 2005)

History
On 21 April 839 Nenzingen was mentioned for the first time as Nancingas in a document of the monastery Reichenau. 

The place belonged to the county of Nellenburg and came to Austria when the last counts of Nellenburgdied in 1423.

Towns in Baden-Württemberg
Konstanz (district)
Live Aid

Live Aid was two rock concerts in London and Philadelphia that were held on July 13, 1985. It was organized by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for African citizens who were in poverty not getting enough food. Live Aid was held in two places at the same time, in Wembley Stadium in London, and in John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia. The concert raised $127 million.

On November 8, 2004, Official recordings of the Live Aid concert was sold on DVD. The money that the DVD set got was given to Africa.

References 

1985 in music
Charity events
20th century in Philadelphia
1985 in the United States
1985 in the United Kingdom
1980s in London
Concerts
Model

Model, models, or modeling can mean: An abstract (idea, theory, simulation) or smaller approximation of an object or system for testing. (Like a car, building or ship.)

Ideas, concepts or software 
 Business model
 Model (abstract), an abstract or conceptual object used in the creation of math to predict its behavior
 Causal model
 Mathematical model
 Scientific model
 Model Driven Engineering, a software development technique based on abstract models
 Metamodeling, a model of a model
 Molecular modelling, used to mimic the behaviour of molecules
 Geologic modelling
 The Standard Model, the theory in particle physics which describes certain fundamental forces and particles
 Computer model, a computer program which attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system, usually builds upon a mathematical model
 Model theory, study of the representation of mathematical concepts
 Mental model, a person's way of thinking of an idea or thought process
 Similitude (model), in engineering, used in the scientific testing of physical models
 Working Model, engineering software

Physical or smaller objects 
 Model (physical), a physical representation of an object
 Solid modelling, study of unambiguous representations of the solid parts of an object
 Scale model, a replica or prototype of an object
 Model building, a hobby centered around construction of material replicas
 3D model, a 3D polygonal representation of an object, usually displayed with a computer
 Model (computer games), in 3D computer graphics, a computer generated image of a character or an object

Persons or occupations 
 Model (art), a person who poses for purposes of art, for example in art school (often known as an artist's model)
 Model (person), a person whose occupation is to display products, e.g. a fashion model
 Supermodel, a person who attains celebrity status through fashion modeling
 Promotional model, a person who advertises a product or service
 Role model, a person who serve as a good example to others

Other 
 Walther Model, German general in World War II
 Movement for Democracy in Liberia, MoDeL
 Models (band), an alternative rock group from Australia

Related pages
 Models of nature
 Modeling languages
 General-purpose modeling (GPM)
 Domain-specific modelling (DSM)
 Meta-modeling
Script

Script could mean different types of writing that are carefully put together.

Writing
A writing system, such as an alphabet
A style of handwriting or calligraphy, such as 'cursive', which means joined-up writing.

Documents
A written document in draft form, that might develop into a final book or performance form
A script (performing arts): the dialog and instructions for a play, including screenplay (for film), a teleplay (for television), or a choreographic script, (for example, using Benesh Movement Notation)
The dialogue for a comic book or comic strip

Computers
A scripting language: a computer programming languages initially used only for simple, repeated actions. See also Shell script, JavaScript, etc.

Other
A medical prescription, particularly as written on paper.
SCRIPT (AHRC Centre): the Scottish Centre for Research in Intellectual Property and Technologies

Related pages
Scrip: any form of money (currency) that is not normal official (legal) currency.
Flag of the Soviet Union

The first official flag of the Soviet Union was adopted in December 1922 at the first congress of the Soviets' USSR. The red flag of the communist party was adopted as the national flag.

History 
On 30 December 1922, the congress Declaration and Agreement on the establishment of the USSR. Article 22 of the Agreement states: 'the USSR has a flag, coat of arms and a state seal.'.

On 6 July 1923, it was decided that the flag was to consist of a red cloth with the state coat of arms of the Soviet Union in the centre. The unusual flag format 1:4 was selected. This flag was used however never to used very much and was only used officially for four months.

The third meeting of the Exekutive committees of the Soviet Union changed the flag on 12 November 1923 into the more well-known version. The more common format 1:2 was selected. The state coat of arms was replaced by a gold sickle and hammer, and a red five-pointed star bordered in gold above them.

Changes to the shape of the hammer and sickle and the shade of red were made in 1955.  This design stayed the national flag until the break-up of the Soviet Union on 3 December 1991.

References

National symbols of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
Coat of arms of the Soviet Union

The coat of arms of the Soviet Union is the symbol of the Soviet Union. It was accepted in 1923 and was used until the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.

Design 
The coat of arms has a hammer and sickle, a red star over the Earth, and two ears of wheat covered by red ribbons. Each ribbon has a different language on it, showing the motto of the Soviet Union.

History 
On 6 July 1923, the Central Executive Committee (CIK) started a project to create the coat of arms. It was finished on 22 September 1923. The constitution of the Soviet Union confirmed the new coat of arms officially in 1924. At first it had six red ribbons on the ears of wheat. The motto "Workers of the World, Unite!" was written on each ribbon, each in a different language. The first six languages were Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Georgian, Armenian, and Turko-Tatar.

Over the next several years, many more languages were added. In 1937 there were 11 languages, and in 1946, there were 16. In 1956 the Finnish text from the coat of arms was removed, and up to the end of the Soviet Union there were 15 languages on the coat of arms.
Soviet Union
National symbols of the Soviet Union
Kornwestheim

Kornwestheim is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the third largest town of the Ludwigsburg district, behind Ludwigsburg and Bietigheim Bissingen.

Since 1956, Kornwestheim has been an administrative district town in Baden-Württemberg.

Geography
Kornwestheim lies about 10 km in the north of Stuttgart. In the southwest Neckarbecken at the east edge of the Strohgäus within the Langes Feld. In the town, the Gänsbach flows east towards the Neckar.

Neighbouring towns
The following towns and municipalities share a border with Kornwestheim (clockwise beginning in the west):
Möglingen, Ludwigsburg and Remseck at the Neckar (all district Ludwigsburg) as well as Stuttgart (urban area)

Town layout 
The municipality of Kornwestheim consists of the town centre and Pattonville. The latter became a part of Kornwestheim only at the beginning of the 1990s, having belonged to the Gemarkung Aldingen initially. The settlement was established in 1954 by the US army. After their departure a Company bought the area from the Federal Republic of Germany and divided it between the towns of Kornwestheim and  Remseck am Neckar. Pattonville has since been converted from a military to a civilian settlement.

Town hall tower 

The tower of Kornwestheim's town hall was built in the year 1935 by the architect Paul Bonatz. It serves not only as town hall tower, but also as water tower with a container of 800 cubic meters volumes and as clock tower.

Population

References

Other websites
Giancarlo Fisichella

Giancarlo Fisichella (born 14 January 1973 in Rome) is an Italian driver and drives at present in Formula One with the Renault F1-Team.

Career 

First time Formula 1 	10. March 1996 GP of Australia
Team 	Minardi (1996), Jordan (1997), Benetton (1998 - 2001), Jordan (2002 - 2003), clean (2004), Renault (since 2005)
Current team 	Renault (2006)
Number of Grand Prix 	174 (since 1996)
Start 	174
Best WM-result 	Place 5, with 58 points (2005), at present WM-fourth with 52 points
WM-points altogether 	226
First points 	27. April 1997 GP of San Marino, 4. Place
Points per start 	1,23
Guidance rounds 	127
Guidance kilometer 	629,414
Victories 	3
First victory 	6. April 2003 GP of Brazil in 109. Run
Last victory 	19. March 2006 GP of Malaysia
Second places 	5
Third places 	5
Podium places 	13
First podium place 	15. June 1997 GP of Canada, 3. Place
Last podium place 	19. March 2006 GP of Malaysia, 1. Place
Poles position 	3
First poles position 	26. July 1998 GP of Austria
Last poles position 	18. March 2006 GP of Malaysia
Fastest rounds 	2
Terminated running 	99
Terminated running in the points 	60
Losses 	60
Momentary WM-placement 	4.
Conditions 	27. August 2006 GP of Turkey

1973 births
Living people
Italian Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Rome
Karate

is a Japanese martial art.  It was developed in the former Ryūkyū Kingdom in what is now Okinawa Prefecture. Karate has been an Olympic sport since the 2020 Summer Olympics but in 2020, the IOC decided to drop Karate for the 2024 Paris Olympics, one year later in 2021, the IOC decided to reinstate Karate for the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics.

Karate uses all parts of the human body as a weapon such as the hand, fist, elbow, leg and knee. 
Karate training has three main sections:
  is learning the basic techniques or fundamentals;
 　is the training of form, the specific order and way of using techniques;
  is to learn how to fight using those techniques.

History of Karate 
Gichin Funakoshi, a school teacher from the island of Okinawa, introduced Karate to mainland Japan in the early 1900s. Traditional karate is different from boxing, wrestling and kickboxing: in karate, there is just as much importance on the strength of the mind and good manners as there is on strength of the body and self-defence to use when you're in trouble.

Karate became more known around the world because of Karate movies in the 1960s and 1970s. Now people all over the world learn Karate.

After World War II, Karate also became popular in Korea, where a local variation appeared, it is called "tangsudo".

The full name of Karate is "Karate-do" which means "the way of the empty hand" in English.

There are many schools or styles of karate, including
 Gōjū-ryū
 Sankukai
 Shitō-ryū
 Shōtōkan
 Wadō-ryū

A person who does Karate is called a "karateka".  Notable Karateka include: Gichin Funakoshi, Yoshitaka Funakoshi, Shigeru Egami, Masutatsu Oyama, and Fumio Demura.

Karate Clothing 

When people practice Karate, they wear special clothes called a karategi. The karategi is made up of a white jacket and white pants. People who practice Karate also wear a colored belt, which tells other people their rank. The belt shows how long you have trained rather than how good you are. Two people wearing different colored belts can be surprisingly similar.

Different schools of Karate have different colours of belts for their ranks. You cannot know precisely how good they are without either asking them or knowing how their school arranges the belt colours in ranks. Usually the black belt is for the students who try very hard to be the best that they can be for a long time.

Some schools have several degrees of black belts. They show this by having a white stripe, called a Dan, on the one end of the belt, for the black belt degree the person has. For instance a "3 Dan black belt" would have 3 white stripes on his black belt and would be higher ranked than a "1 Dan black belt".

Related pages 
 Sports in Japan

References

Other websites
Kickboxing

Kickboxing is a descriptive term for martial arts that, while similar to boxing, use the feet just like the hands to hit. Kickboxing can be practiced for general health, or as the fight sport. The word kickboxing represents a set of disciplines or sports of combat that use the feet and the fists. Especially, kickboxing is one of the disciplines of Boxe pieds-poings which was developed at first by the Japaneses and afterwards by the North Americans. There are different kinds of kick boxing, most popular form is one where kicks are allowed towards head & torso only.

In the middle of the years 1960, the Japanese Kurosaki, who trained in Kyokushinkai Karate, travelled to Thailand discovering Thai boxing. In his returning to the Japan decided to combine his techniques of karate with that of Thai boxing, removing elbow strikes (the Americans also removed knee strikes), so a new sport called "kickboxing" was born. 

Among the non-Japaneses that gained more successes, a special consideration should be given to Frenchman Christian Guillaume who in 1969 gained four victories and two draws; and American Benny "The Jet" Urquidez who in 1977 defeated Tatsuyuki Suzuki in four rounds. 

In 1973 Urquidez and Howard Hanson created the W.K.A. (World Karate Association), changing years after the "K" de karate for that of Kick-Boxing. 

The more known champions are Rob Kaman, Benny Urquidez, Dennis Alexio, Ernesto Hoost, and Marek Piotrowski.

Rules 
The punches and kicks are permitted for above the waist, the sweepings and the low kicks (kicks to the thigh) also are permitted. 

The "amateur" combats take place in three rounds, and the professional ones last five rounds; 10 in championships of Europe and 12 in the championships of the world, with a one-minute half-time (break) between rounds. 

The kicks to the thigh (low kick) usually decide about the difference in the combats.

Equipment 
Pants (long or short), boxing gloves and protectors for the teeth and for the genitals; in the female combats, women should also wear protector of chest and boots (not required in the professional combats).

Other websites 
 World association of all styles Kickboxing Organizations (W.A.S.K.O.) 
 The World Kickboxing & Karate Association (W.K.A.)- Prof & Amateur Kickboxing 
 International Sports Kickboxing Association (I.S.K.A)- Prof & Amateur Kickboxing
 International Kickboxing Federation (IKF) - Prof & Amateur Kickboxing
 International Kickboaxing Board of Control (IKBC)
 World Kickboxing Network (W.K.N.) 
 World Kickboxing Union (W.K.U.) 
 World Kickboxing Federation (W.K.F.)
 World Federation of Kickboxing (WFK) 
 World International kickboxing league (I.K.L.) 
 Professional Kickboxing Association (P.K.A) 
 Muay Thai Kickboxing (M.T.K) 
 Kickboxing Guide (Premier)
Robert Kubica

Robert Józef Kubica (born 7 December 1984 in Krakow) is a Polish racing driver.

On 1 December 2005, Kubica got to test in Formula One for the Renault F1 Team. After the test, he was hired by the BMW Sauber F1 team as the test and reserve driver for the 2006 F1 season. 

Robert Kubica got the chance to race in the Hungarian Grand Prix replacing the departing Jacques Villeneuve for the remainder of the 2006 season. On 10 September 2006 he drove to an impressive third place and became the first Polish driver on the podium in Formula 1. This led to Kubica getting a full-time drive for the BMW outfit in 2007.

In 2008 Kubica has good season. He took the first pole position for BMW Sauber. At the Canadian Grand Prix Kubica won after a long fight with teammate Nick Heidfeld. It was first win in the race for BMW.

After BMW announced they were leaving Formula 1 in 2009, Kubica joined the French team Renault F1.

2011 

On February 6, 2011, Kubica was in a bad crash while competing in a rally race. He was driving a Škoda Auto in the Ronde di Andora. His car ran off the road and crashed at high speed into a wall. He was removed from the car, and air-lifted to hospital by helicopter. His co-driver, Jacub Gerber, was unhurt. Gerber was able to get out of the wrecked car.

Kubica's condition was reported to be serious. Reports say that he has several fractures to his right arm, leg and hand. It was reported that his hand was crushed. Doctors are trying repair the damage to his hand.

On February 6, Kubica had seven hours of surgery to repair his injures. Lotus Renault GP has reported that he is doing better and his recovery encouraging. He was able to talk to his doctors and family. Kubica "is ready to fight for his comeback." He will need several more surgeries to repair the damage. He will also need to stay in the hospital for about three weeks.

Renault announced that Nick Heidfeld will replace Kubica starting at the test in Barcelona. Eleven weeks after his accident, Kubica was released from the hospital. He plans a short rest at his home before starting the rehabilitation treatment. He is optimistic about his progress.

Racing record

Career summary 

 Season in progress.
 As Kubica was a guest driver, he was ineligible to score points.

Complete Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup results 
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

Complete Formula Three Euroseries results 
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results 
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Complete Formula One results 
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

* Season still in progress.
 Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.

References

Other websites 

1984 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Kraków
Formula One drivers
Formula One current
Bietigheim-Bissingen

Bietigheim-Bissingen (German pronunciation: [ˌbiːtikʰhaim ˈbisiŋən]) is a city in the northern centre of Baden-Württemberg in Germany, about  north of Stuttgart and  south of Heilbronn. It is the second biggest city in the district of Ludwigsburg; only Ludwigsburg City is bigger.

Twin towns 
Bietigheim-Bissingen is twinned with:
  Kusatsu, Japan, since 1962
  Sucy-en-Brie, France, since 1967
  Surrey Heath, United Kingdom, since 1971
  Szekszárd, Hungary, since 1989
  Overland Park, USA, since 1999

References

Other websites
Grady Sizemore

Grady Sizemore III (born August 2, 1982) is a retired American baseball player. He played for four Major League Baseball teams: the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, Philadelphia Phillies, and Tampa Bay Rays. He was a center fielder.

Sizemore graduated from Cascade High School in Everett, Washington in 2000. A notable high school star in football, basketball, and baseball, Sizemore signed a letter of intent to play football and baseball at the University of Washington. At the time of his high school graduation, Sizemore was the Cascade all-time leader in rushing yards with 3,081 yards and interceptions with 16.

Sizemore did not play for the college because the Expos selected Sizemore in the 3rd round of the 2000 Draft. The team offered him a $2 million signing bonus for him not to play for the college. Sizemore signed and almost immediately began his quick climb to the big leagues. 

In 2002, he was traded to the Cleveland Indians by the Montreal Expos.

In 2006, Sizemore was selected to his first All-Star Game as a reserve outfielder.

Sizemore currently resides in Mill Creek, Washington and Tempe, Arizona.

Other websites 

 

1982 births
Living people
American baseball players
Sportspeople from Seattle
Tempe, Arizona
Boston Red Sox players
Cleveland Indians players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Tampa Bay Rays players
Joachim Sauer

Joachim Sauer (born 19 April 1949) is a German professor of physical and theoretical chemistry. He was born in Hosena, Brandenburg. Sauer has two sons by his first wife. He married Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel on 30 December 1998.

1949 births
Living people
East German people
German academics
German chemists
People from Brandenburg
Everett, Washington

Everett is a city in the American state of Washington.  It is the county seat of Snohomish County. 103,019 people live there.

The city is where Boeing builds many of its airplanes, like the Boeing 747 and Boeing 787. It is also where the United States Navy has a base called Naval Station Everett.

Other websites 
 City website

County seats in Washington (state)
Tempe, Arizona

Tempe is an American city in the central part of the southwestern state of Arizona. A spring training team plays baseball in Tempe in March. Grady Sizemore resides here when not playing baseball and traveling with his team. Tempe, Arizona is also home to Arizona State University and many businesses. It features attractions such as Tempe Town Lake and The Light Rail.

Tempe, Arizona
Hoyerswerda

Hoyerswerda (Upper Sorbian: Wojerecy, Lower Sorbian: Wórjejce) is a city in the north of the Saxonian Upper Lusatia, lying  north east of Cottbus and  from Dresden, (Saxony). It is in the Sorbian settlement area. The city is one of the six centers of the Free State of Saxony and is a member of the Euroregion Neisse, a group which helps international trade and cooperation in the area.

History

First mention of Hoyerswerda
The first time Hoyerswerda was mentioned in a document was in 1268. In the year 1371 the emperor Karl IV. made it a market place. The people were allowed to choose their own council . This right was given to them by Baron von Duba. In the year 1705 the Elector of Saxony August the Strong gave Hoyerswerda to Katharina of Teschen. She was an important person in the small town. She helped the town to develop its trade and handicraft.

In 1759, during the Seven-Years War between Prussia and Saxony, there was a fight between Austrian and Prussian troops which is called: the Battle of Hoyerswerda.

The Prussian invaders
After the Congress of Vienna in the year 1815 Hoyerswerda was given to Prussia. In 1825 it became part of Selesia. In 1873 the railway came to Hoyerswerda – opening up access to other parts of the country. This brought economic prosperity. A large repair workshop was built. In 1912 the Sorbians formed an organization called "Domowina" in Hoyerswerda. In the year 1945 a lot of Hoyerswerda was destroyed because it was a military stronghold of the German army. The invading troops of the Red Army set parts of the city on fire.

In 1955 the brown coal industry developed close to the city. Today this industry is partly in Brandenburg. Houses were built here for the families of the people working in the industry. From 1957 the need of for housing increased even more. The first large blocks of flats were built. Altogether ten residential complexes were built creating housing for tens of thousands of people. In the year 1981 the number of inhabitants of the city reached its maximum of 71.124. At this time Hoyerswerda had the highest birth rate in the GDR. In 1990 the former Prussian province of Lower Saxony decided by popular vote to go over to the Free State Saxony.

After the GDR
In 1991 rioting took place in Hoyerswerda outside a hostel for foreign asylum-seekers. People used the word Ausländerfrei (foreigner-free). This word was voted the Unwort (politically incorrect word) of 1991.

Since the fall of the Iron Curtain many people have left the town. Since the number of inhabitants continued to decrease after 1999, many iron buildings were pulled down. From 1 January 2008 Hoyerswerda will no longer be able to rule itself as there will be changes to the administration of Saxony, and Hoyerswerda will become part of a district (Kreis) instead of being a kreisfreie Stadt.

References

Other websites

 Official website

Bautzen Rural District
Cities in Saxony
Hamburger SV

The Hamburger Sport-Verein (short HSV) is German Sportsclub from Hamburg and became known particularly by its football crews. The man crew of the HSV created it thereby as an only soccer association, 43 years long continuously in the Bundesliga to play and was always first-class since the establishment union in the year 1919 as only German association. The woman football crew Hamburg sports association plays likewise in the 1. Federal league. The football team is playing their homegames in the HSH Nordbank Arena.

The first ice hockey woman crew plays in the first federal league.

The first table tennis gentleman crew plays for many years in the second federal league.

Further kinds of sport of the association are Baseball, Basketball, Bowling, Cricket, Golf, Gymnastics, Handball, Ice hockey, Roller hockey, Carats, Athletics, Rugby, swimming, tennis, Tournament dance and Volleyball.

The HSV is with 40.000 members the third biggest association of Germany.

League position

Former position 

Fußball-Bundesliga
German football clubs
Sport in Hamburg
1887 establishments in Europe
1880s establishments in Germany
Borussia Dortmund

Borussia Dortmund (BVB) is a German Sports club in Dortmund. It is most noted for its football team that plays in the Bundesliga. Dortmund is one of the most successful clubs in German football history.

Besides football, the club has handball and table tennis departments since the end of 2004, the club also has a fan section, which represents the interests of the team supporters. In the 2010/11 season the matches were visited by an average of 79.151 people. This means that 98,1 percent of the seats were sold.

The official name reads ball play association Borussia 1909 registered association Dortmund and frequently shortened with BVB or BVB 09. The club was the first German team to win an international title (1965 Cup Winners Cup against Liverpool FC) and also the first to win the newly installed UEFA Champions League (1997, final 3-1 win about Juventus).

Football 
The football (soccer) team plays their home games in the Signal Iduna Park (formerly Westfalen Stadion) in Dortmund. Borussia Dortmund competes in the highest German league, the Bundesliga.

League position

Former position

Players

Current squad

Out on loan

1997 UEFA Champions League Winning Squad

Manager history since the start of the German Bundesliga

Honors

Domestic
*German Champions:
Winners (8): 1955–56, 1956–57, 1962–63, 1994–95, 1995–96, 2001–02, 2010–11, 2011–12
Runners-up (4): 1948–49, 1960–61, 1965–66, 1991–92, 2012-13, 2013-14, 2015-16, 2018-19, 2019-20

 DFB-Pokal
Winners (2): 1964–65, 1988–89, 2011-12, 2016-17, 2020-21
Runners-up (2): 1962–63, 2007–08, 2013-2014, 2014-15, 2015-16

 DFB-Supercup/DFL-Supercup
Winners (3): 1989, 1995, 1996, 2013, 2014, 2019
Runners-up (1): 2011, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2020, 2021

 DFB-Ligapokal
Runners-up (1): 2003

European

 UEFA Champions League
Winners (1): 1996–97
Runners-Up (1): 2012-13

 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
Winners (1): 1965–66

 UEFA CupRunners-up (2): 1992–93, 2001–02

 UEFA Super CupRunners-up (1): 1997

Worldwide
 Intercontinental Cup'Winners (1)'': 1997

References

Other websites 

Fußball-Bundesliga
German football clubs
Dortmund
Sport in North Rhine-Westphalia
1909 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in Germany
Palace of Soviets

The Palace of Soviets (Russian: Dvorjez Sovjetov / Дворец Советов) was a building project planned by the government of the Soviet Union. A contest was held for the architectural design of the building from 1931 until 1933. Construction was started on the building in 1937, but was stopped in 1941 because of World War II. The building was going to be used as a administrative center and meeting place. It was to be built in Moscow near the Kremlin. The palace would have had a height of 415m. This would have made it the largest building of the world at that time.

The building was designed by the architect Boris Iofan. During its design, there were many changes to how it would look and to the location of the palace in Moscow.

1930s in the Soviet Union
Palaces in Russia