alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Hypotenuse

The hypotenuse is the side opposite the 90 degrees angle in a right triangle. It is always the longest side.

For example:
 

In this triangle, if angle C is 90 degrees, then the opposite side, "c", is the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse is important in trigonometry, where it is used to calculate many functions.

The length of the hypotenuse can be calculated if the other two sides are known, using Pythagoras' Theorem.  In fact, the length of any side of a right triangle can be calculated if the other two sides are known, using this theorem.

Geometry
Trigonometry
Niðavellir

In Norse Mythology, the Niðavellir are dark fields, mentioned in the Völuspa. The dwarves live there.

Places in Norse mythology
Python

Python is the name given to a genus of constricting snakes. Such snakes are not venomous. its family is the Pythonidae. Pythons are more closely related to boas than to any other snake family. 

Boulenger (1890) thought this group was a subfamily (Pythoninae) of the family Boidae (boas). However, boas produce live young, while pythons are oviparous: they lay eggs.

Python can be found in Southeast Asia and Africa, and other members of the family are found in New Guinea and Australia. Pythons can range from 3 feet long in species like ball pythons to 29 feet in species like reticulated pythons. Python is one of eight genera in the family. They all have a rather similar life style.

Most members of the family are ambush predators: they stay motionless in a camouflaged position, and then strike suddenly at passing prey. They wrap their body round the prey and squeeze. To kill its prey, the python squeezes it to death, then swallows it whole. Larger pythons can prey on animals as large as a full-grown deer. In Africa, there are pythons that eat gazelles. Most of their prey is much smaller than that. Pythons may take several days or even weeks to fully digest prey.
Despite their size, pythons are rarely dangerous to humans.

Python can be up to 900 cm long and weigh up to 90 kg, but males are much smaller and lighter than females. The python can live up to 30 years. The breeding time is between 60 or 70 days.

Research indicates that all snakes, including pythonids, are children from a venomous father.

Pythons in unusual places 
Burmese pythons have become an invasive species in south Florida. The problem is most serious in the  Everglades National Park.

In 2014 a pet python killed two children in New Brunswick, Canada.

References
Consultation (Bahá'í practice)

Consultation is a special way of discussing problems and making decisions used by Bahá'ís.  

The word consult generally means to talk about something, consider all the facts, and make a decision.  To Bahá'ís, consultation also means:
 everyone prays before they discuss
 not preferring one idea over another until all the ideas have been discussed
 not repeating the same things over and over
 making a decision at the end that everyone supports
 if everyone cannot agree, then everyone votes, and the idea that gets the most votes is used
 if someone disagrees with the decision, they act as if they agreed with it until new facts are known (no one undermines the decision of the group)
 if new facts are discovered, or the idea is tried and does not work so well, the group can consult again and consider the new things they know

Consultation is used by Bahá'í elected leaders when they gather in councils to make sure no one person gets to decide everything.  Married people consult with their husband or wife to solve difficulties in the marriage.  Parents and children may consult, teachers and students may consult, and Bahá'ís all consult as a community when they get together every nineteen days.

Bahá'í Faith
Namaste

Namaste or Namaskar is a neutral greeting used a lot in many East Asian countries. It is used when Hello and Hi are used in English, though it has a very different meaning.

Namaste is kind of like a praise to the person receiving the namaste.

The word's meaning is “I bow to the divine in you.” Namaste is a traditional Indian greeting of respect and thank you, with spiritual and symbolic meaning, This is more traditional to do it to your elders.

Hinduism
Vessel element

A vessel element (trachea) is one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants. 

Vessel elements are found in flowering plants (angiosperms) but not in most gymnosperms such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature distinguishing the "hardwood" of angiosperms from the "softwood" of conifers.

Structure 
Xylem vessels are a long straight chain made of tough long dead cells known as vessel elements. The vessel have no cytoplasm. They are not living, but are made by living cells. The cells are arranged end to end and the cell walls have disappeared. This makes a tube. 

Vessels are made of a substance called lignin. They have a lignified cell wall and a central cavity. Vessel members are interconnected through perforations in their common walls. Lignin is a hard organic polymer. It makes the cell walls rigid and is very long-lasting. It is the lignin in xylem vessels which holds trees up.

Function 
Water flows up the xylem vessels. The evaporation of water from the stomata cells in the leaves pulls up the water in a transpiration stream. This is called capillary action, because it depends on the way water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem (adhesion). 

There is also some root pressure, because water enters the roots by osmosis. This is important so water gets upwards during the night when transpiration is low.

As the water goes up, it carries some minerals with it, so actually the xylem brings some basic nutrients to the plant. The phloem mostly distributes the more complex organic molecules.

References 

Vascular tissue
Confluence

Confluence means the meeting of two or more waterways.  

It usually means the point where a smaller river joins a more major river.

Example 
The German city name Koblenz indicates that the city lies at the point at the confluence of the Rhine and the Moselle.
Rivers

lt:Žiotys
ja:流路形状#合流
Werra

The Werra is a river in the central part of Germany. The Werra has its source near Fehrenbach in Thuringia. After 293 km, the Werra joins the Fulda River in Hann. Münden, making the Weser. The Werra valley ("Werratal") makes a natural border between the Rhön hills and the Thuringian Forest. 

Geography of Hesse
Geography of Lower Saxony
Geography of Thuringia
Rivers of Germany
Blackout

In medicine, the word blackout is a form of amnesia. The amnesia may be complete or partial. Such an amnesia can be provoked by: 
 Stress (biology) for example, before an examination.
 Alcohol: People suffering from such a conditions may also lose consciousness for a certain time.
 Interrupting the supply of oxygen or blood to the brain
 Injuries to the brain
 Various illnesses

After the cause is gone full mental powers are usually restored, although there may be a blank in memory.

Health problems
Muspelheim

Muspelheim (also called Muspel) is the realm of fire, in Norse mythology. The fire giants live there. Their king is Surtr.

According to the Ragnarok prophecies, the Sons of Muspel will break the Bifrost bridge, signaling that time is ending:

Places in Norse mythology
Jötnar

A Jotun or Jötun in Norse mythology, is a giant.  Groups of them are called Jötnar.  Many are very large and strong; some are not.  Sometimes however, gods and Jötnar would marry. The Frost giant's stronghold is called Utgardr and it is in Jötunheimr, the name for their realm. This is one of the nine Norse realms. Jötunheim is separated from Midgard, or Earth, by high mountains, and large forests. Outside their home world, giants seem to prefer to live in caves. 

Norse mythology
BBC Sports Personality of the Year

The BBC Sports Personality of the Year is an award that is given to a sportsperson in December every year. Only British or foreign sportspeople based in the United Kingdom are allowed to win the award. It started in 1954.

Winners
1954: Christopher Chataway (long-distance runner) 
1955: Gordon Pirie (middle-distance runner) 
1956: Jim Laker (cricketer) 
1957: Dai Rees (golfer) 
1958: Ian Black (swimmer) 
1959: John Surtees (motorcycle racer) and (Formula One racing driver) 
1960: David Broome (show jumper) 
1961: Stirling Moss (Formula One racing driver) 
1962: Anita Lonsborough (swimmer) 
1963: Dorothy Hyman (sprinter) 
1964: Mary Rand (long jumper) 
1965: Tom Simpson (cyclist) 
1966: Bobby Moore (footballer) 
1967: Henry Cooper (boxer) 
1968: David Hemery (athlete) 
1969: Ann Jones (tennis player) 
1970: Henry Cooper (boxer) 
1971: HRH The Princess Anne (three-day eventer) 
1972: Mary Peters (pentathlete) 
1973: Jackie Stewart (Formula One racing driver) 
1974: Brendan Foster (long-distance runner) 
1975: David Steele (cricketer) 
1976: John Curry (figure skater) 
1977: Virginia Wade (tennis player) 
1978: Steve Ovett (middle-distance runner) 
1979: Sebastian Coe (middle-distance runner) 
1980: Robin Cousins (figure skater) 
1981: Ian Botham (cricketer) 
1982: Daley Thompson (decathlete) 
1983: Steve Cram (middle-distance runner) 
1984: Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean (ice dancers) 
1985: Barry McGuigan (boxer) 
1986: Nigel Mansell (Formula One racing driver) 
1987: Fatima Whitbread (javelin thrower) 
1988: Steve Davis (snooker player) 
1989: Nick Faldo (golfer) 
1990: Paul Gascoigne (footballer) 
1991: Liz McColgan (long-distance runner) 
1992: Nigel Mansell (Formula One racing driver) 
1993: Linford Christie (100m sprinter) 
1994: Damon Hill (Formula One racing driver) 
1995: Jonathan Edwards (triple jumper) 
1996: Damon Hill (Formula One racing driver) 
1997: Greg Rusedski (tennis player) 
1998: Michael Owen (footballer) 
1999: Lennox Lewis (boxer) 
2000: Steve Redgrave (rower) 
2001: David Beckham (footballer) 
2002: Paula Radcliffe (long-distance runner) 
2003: Jonny Wilkinson (rugby union player) 
2004: Kelly Holmes (middle-distance runner) 
2005: Andrew Flintoff (cricketer) 
2006: Zara Phillips (three-day eventer)
2007: Joe Calzaghe (boxer)
2008: Chris Hoy (cyclist)
2009: Ryan Giggs (footballer)
2010: Tony McCoy (horse racing jockey) 
2011: Mark Cavendish (cyclist)
2012: Bradley Wiggins (cyclist)
2013: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2014: Lewis Hamilton (Formula One racing driver)
2015: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2016: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2017: Mo Farah (long-distance runner)
2018: Geraint Thomas (cyclist)
2019: Ben Stokes (cricketer)
2020: Lewis Hamilton (Formula One racing driver)
2021: Emma Raducanu (tennis player)
2022: Beth Mead (footballer)

BBC
Sports trophies and awards
Labyrinth

The original Labyrinth was an elaborate structure designed and built by the legendary Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos. 

Its function was to hold the Minotaur, which was eventually killed by the hero Theseus. Daedalus had so cleverly made the Labyrinth that he could barely escape it after he built it.

Pliny's Natural History mentions four ancient labyrinths: the Cretan labyrinth, an Egyptian labyrinth, a Lemnian labyrinth, and an Italian labyrinth.

Greek mythology
Buildings and structures
Amnesia

Amnesia is what doctors call a loss or disturbance of memory. It is a loss of memory, that is to say, a person cannot remember certain things. Amnesia can be caused when someone has brain damage, a disease or when something really stressful happens.

There are two "main types":
Anterograde amnesia: Short term memory is not transferred to long-term memory any more. People with this type of amnesia cannot remember things for long periods of time.
Retrograde amnesia: The person can no longer recall information that happened before a certain date. The date is usually the date of an accident or an operation. 

The fact that adults usually cannot remember events that occurred in early childhood is called "infantile amnesia". It is attributed to the development of the brain or that of the child. It is not seen as a form of amnesia comparable to the other types.

Causes
There are three main categories in which amnesia can happen to a person.

Head trauma. This includes any kind of injury to the brain that might cause amnesia. 
Traumatic events. This happens when a person's mind is so stressed that it chooses to forget what happened rather than to deal with it.
Physical deficiencies. These are things that happen to your brain but it is different than head trauma because it mostly deals with complications that happen after surgery. 

Some other different types of amnesia include:
Caused by an [Injury|trauma], for example a head injury; called post-traumatic amnesia.
Dissociative amnesia: Here the cause is psychological, and usually not related to physical damage in the brain. This includes
Repressed memory (where it is not possible to remember a specific event) - The memory is usually still there, but the person blocks access to it; Stressful events such as being raped may lead to Dissociative amnesia
 Childhood amnesia - the inability of adults to remember certain parts of their childhood.
Drug (usually [alcohol])-induced blackout - anterograde amnesia, affecting the immediate past

Amnesia can be permanent, or it can be temporary. Damage to the [brain], or the use of certain [drug]s can cause amnesia. Some of these drugs are [sedative]s. Another well known cause for amnesia can be drinking too much [alcohol]. Those kinds of causes are called organic, because they can been directly seen. Other causes cannot directly be seen, they are called functional.  Rather they are [psychology|psychological] in their nature. People may want to shield off a traumatic event they witnessed, for example.

Another minor cause of amnesia is "heartbreak" in a relationship. It can lead to trauma, but it is not necessarily traumatic.

Treatment
Sometimes certain types of amnesia fix themselves without being treated. There are also different types of therapy that work with the brain to help with amnesia. There is no medicine that can directly help with amnesia.

Memory
Symptoms
Icarus

Icarus was the son of Daedalus. Daedalus was imprisoned in his own invention, the labyrinth. He helped the hero Theseus kill King Minos’s beast, the Minotaur, and run away with King Minos’s daughter, Ariadne. 

Daedelus came up with a plan. He knew that Minos controlled all escape routes by land or sea, so he decided to go by air. He built wings for himself and Icarus. They found their way out of the labyrinth and flew out of the highest tower. 

Icarus foolishly ignored his father’s advice to fly on the same route as him so that the sun would not melt the wings and the sea would not dampen them. Icarus flew up higher and higher toward the sun, and the wax in the wings melted and he fell into the sea and drowned. Daedalus looked down towards the sea and saw the feathers floating on the water and figured out what happened. Eventually Daedalus found the body and buried it on the island of Icaria, and the sea which Icarus fell into is now called the Icarian Sea.

People in Greek mythology
Sportscene

Sportscene is a Scottish television programme. It is about sports. It is made by BBC Scotland. Dougie Donnelly and Dougie Vipond are the main presenters of the program. Paul Mitchell is the usual commentator for football matches.

Media in Scotland
Sports television series
Sport in Scotland
Madeleine L'Engle

Madeline L'Engle (November 29, 1918 – September 6, 2007) was an American writer. Her book A Wrinkle in Time won the Newbery Medal. A Wrinkle in Time was made into a movie in 2003.

L'Engle was born in 1918 in New York City, New York. She died at her home in Connecticut on September 6, 2007.

Selected books
A Wrinkle in Time
A Wind in the Door
A Swiftly Tilting Planet
Many Waters
An Acceptable Time

References

1918 births
2007 deaths
20th-century American novelists
Writers from New York City
American Christians
Henry Hudson

Henry Hudson (1565 – disappeared 23 June 1611) was an English explorer and navigator in the 1600s. He was well known for discovering the Hudson River and the Hudson Bay.

Hudson was trying to find a northwest passage to Cathay (present day China). He tried twice before he found it. Hudson discovered the Hudson Bay and Hudson River in North America. He claimed the Hudson Bay for England along with other pieces of land. He was working for the Dutch when he found the Hudson River. He found it in 1609 when he was looking for a way to get from North America to Asia by water. This was named the Northwest Passage. On September 11, 1609, he found what is now New York City.

References

1556 births
1611 deaths
English explorers

English sailors
Clara Bow

Clara Gordon Bow (; July 29, 1905 – September 27, 1965) was an American actress. She was born in Brooklyn, New York City. She was one of the most famous movie actresses in the history of silent movies. Bow died September 27, 1965 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California at the age of 60.

Bow acted in 57 movies between 1922 and 1933. She is considered the first American sex symbol after her work in the 1927 movie It. That movie also created the term "The It Girl" meaning the most popular girl at the moment. Bow was the original It girl. She was the person every movie studio tried to get in their movies. She was the person who the audiences always want to see more of. She was the focus of media attention. She retired at age 28. In 1944 Bow tried to kill herself. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia. 

Bow was born in Prospect Heights.

Filmography

Other websites 

ClaraBow.net - Biography, images, and filmography about Clara Bow.
 Photographs of Clara Bow

1905 births
1965 deaths
Actors from New York City
American silent movie actors
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Sales quote

A sales quote is an estimated amount that a person selling something gives to a customer. It is given to show them how much it would cost to have the work done. Many services do not have fixed prices for work. The cost can change depending on the tools, materials and how much work is needed to be done for each customer. The person calculates an estimated amount, and gives this to the customer, so that they can have an idea how much it will cost.

Sales quote is for example a quote given to the customer by auto insurance broker based on details like income, work position, criminal record and others.

The sales quote is figured from the information given by the potential customer, about the work they would like to have done.

References

Commerce
MapleStory

MapleStory is an online computer game made by the Korean company Wizet, and maintained and distributed by Nexon. Playing the game is free, but people can buy clothes and other in-game items from the "Cash Shop" using money. MapleStory has way less than 10,000 concurrent players world-wide. The game has many different versions for people to play on based on location. MapleStory got its name from the maple leaf. Therefore, the game has the maple leaf item during events.

Gameplay 
This game is a 2D side-scrolling Massive Multi-player Online Role Playing Game (short form is MMORPG) which required players to create characters and then play the game as the "Novice Job Advancement". The name depends on the class he or she picked. Then, one does quests or grinds at monsters until either LV. 120 or LV. 200 depending on the class one chooses.

One can get Job Advancements to get stronger in-game. Please note the number of the level required to job advance might change due to some recent patches:

1st Job requires LV. 10, 2nd Job requires LV. 30, 3rd Job requires LV. 70 (LV. 60 after the Tempest expansion) and 4th Job requires LV. 120. (LV. 100 after the Tempest expansion)

Every year, MapleStory receives a lot of updates, which some players found the game going into a better direction but some players felt that the game is just getting spoiled.

The Maple World is known to be big that one needs to use transportation to travel over places. Taking a ship required the in-game currency mesos and some waiting time. However, to prevent other characters to be a goner forever, the ship is free of charge.

Meso is the in-game currency for MapleStory used to buy potions, equipment or cool items in the Free Market (Note: The Free Market prices are not free, the items are usually as expensive as one billion.)

Mesos cannot be bought. They are hard to earn by questing or trading and are easy to spend on things in the Free Market.

There are other systems and features in the game.

MapleStory DS 
MapleStory DS (Korean: 메이플스토리 DS) is a Nintendo DS game coming in April 2010, being worked on with Nexon and Nintendo. They said that the Korean put-up date was in 2009.

The game was talked about in E3 2006. On January 9 2007, Nexon and the newly made Nintendo of Korea put up a trailer for the game. They first said the game would be put up in September 2007.  It was found out it will be an online game, that works with the Nintendo DS Wi-Fi System. In an interview with the boss of international business development, Stephen Lee said that the game will work in single player. He also said there were going to be microphone and touch-responsive features.

References

Other websites 
 http://www.maplestory.com  - Main Maplestory site.
 http://maplestory.nexon.net - Official MapleGlobal site
 http://www.maplesea.com - Official MapleSEA site
 http://www.maplestory.com.br - Official Brazil Maplestory site

Massively multiplayer online role-playing games
2003 video games
Online games
Kiwa hirsuta

Kiwa hirsuta is a crustacean that was first found living on the Pacific Ocean floor at 7200 feet deep, 900 miles south of Easter Island in March 2005. It is about 6 inches long, or 15 centimeters. It looks a little like a crab, but its long arms are covered with yellow fur that looks like silk, so its discoverers, from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Insititute, named it the Yeti Crab or Yeti Lobster.   But it is so different from other crustaceans that it was given its own scientific family, Kiwaidae.

Other websites 

 "Furry Lobster found in Pacific" at BBC, March 8 2006.

Decapods
Parallel (geometry)

Parallel is a term in geometry and in everyday life that refers to a property of lines or planes. Parallel lines or planes are next to each other, but never touch each other. This means they never intersect at any point. If two lines  and  are parallel, then we describe this by writing . The slopes of parallel lines are always equal.

Even if these two line segments were extended to infinity, there would never be a point of intersection between the two of them. In fact, two parallel lines in the two-dimensional plane are always a fixed distance apart.

Construction

Related pages 
 Non-Euclidean geometry
 Parallelogram
 Parallel postulate
 Perpendicular

References 

Geometry
Mount Fuji

Mount Fuji (富士山, Fuji-san) is the tallest mountain in Japan, at 
 high. It is also a volcano. It is on the border between Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture. Mount Fuji is a famous cultural icon of Japan, as a lot of people have painted it and taken photographs of it. It became the 13th UNESCO World Heritage Site in Japan on June 22, 2013. The last time it erupted was from 1707 to 1708.

Active volcano
Mount Fuji is officially classified as an active volcano, but some describe Fuji as dormant or inactive.

The last major event was the Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji which started on December 16, 1707 (Hōei 4, 23rd day of the 11th month) and ended about January 1, 1708 (Hōei 4, 9th day of the 12th month) during the Edo period.  Cinders and ash from Fuji fell like rain in Izu Province, Kai Province, Sagami Province, and Musashi Province.

Shinto
The mountain is thought to be named after Fuchi, the Buddhist fire goddess. The mountain is sacred in the Shinto religion and at the bottom of the mountain are shrines to the goddess Konohananosakuya-hime (コノハナノサクヤヒメ）).

Climbing
Many people climb Mt. Fuji every year. The official climbing season is in the summer: July 25 to August 25. There are three mountain-climbing routes on the Shizuoka side of Mt. Fuji. There is a post office on the top of Mt. Fuji which is open only in summer. The post office was built in 1909 and is the highest post office in Japan.

Mountain in art 
In 2009, Mount Fuji was recognized as one of the 100 Landscapes of Japan which best show contemporary Japan and its culture in the Heisei period.

Related pages  
 List of World Heritage Sites in Japan
 List of volcanos
 Extinct volcano

References

Other websites

 Nippon Archives, Nippon Archives - The history of Mount Fuji 
 Japan-guide.com, Mount Fuji
 Kawaguchi Lake Immersive Virtual Tour 
 Pictures of routes up Mount Fuji 
 Mount Fuji climbing & sightseeing guide

Volcanoes of Japan
Shizuoka Prefecture
Yamanashi Prefecture
Nu metal

Nu metal is a style of metal music that uses elements of hip hop and heavy metal music, as well as the usual heavy metal instruments such as guitars, drums and bass. Nu metal bands often include electronic instruments such as DJ decks and keyboards. Nu metal was very successful in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The most successful bands of this genre include Linkin Park (with more than 100 million records sold around the world), Korn (with 35 million), Deftones, Limp Bizkit (with 35 million) and Slipknot (around 15 million records).

Bands (selection) 
 4LYN
 Crosscut
 Deftones
 Dope
 Emil Bulls
 Exilia
 Guano Apes
 Ill Niño
 Korn
 Limp Bizkit
 Linkin Park
 P.O.D.
 Sevendust
 Slipknot

Rock music
Heavy metal subgenres
Ketsumeishi

Ketsumeishi is Japanese hip hop group. It is a four-man group. They are "Ryo" and "Ryoji" and "Daizo" and "DJKohno". The group started performing in 1993. They have four albums, three DVDs and 20 singles.

Musical groups from Tokyo
Japanese pop music groups
Hip hop bands
Subaru Impreza

The  is a Japanese car. It is made by Subaru. The car was first made in 1992. The design of the car has been changed 3 times; the first version was the 1992 model, with it being redesigned in 2000, 2008, and 2015.

Impreza
1990s automobiles
1992 establishments in Japan
Taka and Toshi

Taka and Toshi are a comedy pair from Hokkaido, Japan. Their favourite gag is "Obei ka!!"

Japanese comedians
People from Sapporo
Duos
Alain Prost

Alain Prost is a French retired automobile racer and Formula One World Champion. He was born February 24, 1955 in Lorette, France. His nickname is "Professor".

Prost is the one of the greatest Formula One drivers of all time. He won the championship four times: 1985, 1986, 1989 and 1993. Only Lewis Hamilton (7), Michael Schumacher (7) and Juan Manuel Fangio (5) have won more times than Prost.

Formula One 

He started driving with McLaren in 1980. From 1981 until 1983, he was racing for Renault F1. Prost returned to McLaren in 1984 and raced for them until 1989. During this time he won his first three championships. Prost left McLaren to race for Scuderia Ferrari in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, Prost took a year off from racing. He returned to racing in 1993 with WilliamsF1. Prost retired from racing after winning his fourth title in that year.

Prost raced in 202 Grand Prix races between 1980 and 1993. He held the record for most wins with 51 until 2001. He was in the pole position in 33 of those races and had the fastest lap time in 41 races.

Career in numbers

Comparison with team-mates 
In his career, Prost beat nearly all his team-mates on total points, including five World Champions. Only in 1980 he lost by a point and in 1984 by half a point.

Formula One results 
(Races in bold mean pole position, races in italics show fastest lap)

References

Other websites 

 Grand Prix History - Hall of Fame , Alain Prost
 Alain Prost statistics

1955 births
Living people
Armenian diaspora
French Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
People from Loire
B'z

B'z is a Japanese hard rock band. It is made up of Takahiro Matsumoto (guitar) and Koshi Inaba (singer). B'z started playing on September 21, 1988. The band has sold more than 70 million CDs. They have had 19 albums sell over 1 million copies each.

Support Member

Other websites 
 B'z Official Website (Japanese Version)  Japanese version of the official website. Includes message from both members and news about the band (in Japanese).
 B'z Official Website  English Version of Official Website
 B'z Net Party  Unofficial B'z Fan Forum
 B'z Fanatics First American B'z Website (now defunct)
 B'z Online Music Site  The Most Complete Website about B'z. Including lyrics & translation, full discography listing, pictures and such!
 B'z no bise Translations in French and news

Hard rock bands
Blues bands
Japanese rock bands
K-1

K-1 is a kickboxing competition. It is a mix of Kickboxing, Kung fu, Karate and Boxing. It started in 1993. K-1 has fighters from many countries.

Martial arts
1993 establishments
2012 disestablishments
Kickboxing

Sports organizations of Japan
University of Tokyo

, also known as , is a university in Tokyo, Japan.

History
The modern university was established in 1877.  It merged older government schools for medicine and Western learning.

In 1866, the name was changed to .

In 1897, the name became  .

After the end of World War II, the early name of the school was restored.

Organization
The University of Tokyo has 10 faculties (schools for undergraduate students) and 15 graduate schools.

Faculties and Colleges

 Faculty of Agriculture
 College & Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
 Faculty & Graduate School of Economics
 Faculty & Graduate School of Education
 Faculty & Graduate School of Engineering
 Faculty of Law
 Faculty of Letters
 Faculty of & Graduate School Medicine
 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
 Faculty of & Graduate School Science

Graduate Schools
 Graduate School of Frontier Sciences
 Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology
 Graduate School of Information Science and Technology
 Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies
 Graduate Schools for Law and Politics
 Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences

Research Institutes
The University of Tokyo has the following research institutes.

Non-Scientific Institutes
 Institute of Oriental Culture
 Institute of Social Science

Scientific Institutes
 Institute of Medical Science
 Earthquake Research Institute
 Institute of Industrial Science
 Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences
 Institute for Cosmic Ray Research
 Institute for Solid State Physics
 Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute
 Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology

Notable alumni

National leaders
Many prime ministers of Japan have studied at University of Tokyo. 
 Reijirō Wakatsuki
 Osachi Hamaguchi
 Kōki Hirota
 Kiichirō Hiranuma
 Kijūrō Shidehara
 Shigeru Yoshida
 Tetsu Katayama
 Hitoshi Ashida
 Ichirō Hatoyama
 Nobusuke Kishi
 Eisaku Satō
 Takeo Fukuda
 Yasuhiro Nakasone
 Kiichi Miyazawa
 Yukio Hatoyama

Novel Prize receivers
Seven alumni of University of Tokyo have received the Nobel Prize.
Yasunari Kawabata, Literature, 1968
Leo Esaki, Physics, 1973
Eisaku Satō, Peace, 1974
Kenzaburō Ōe, Literature, 1994
Masatoshi Koshiba, Physics, 2002
Yoichiro Nambu, Physics, 2008
Ei-ichi Negishi, Chemistry, 2010

Others
Other graduates also include Masao Iri, Masatake Mori, Masaaki Sugihara and Toshio Irie.

Related pages
 University of Tokyo Press
 List of national universities in Japan
 Earthquake engineering
 Tansei
 Kyoto University

References

Other websites 

University of Tokyo
1877 establishments
1870s establishments in Japan
Implicit derivative

Implicit derivatives are derivatives of implicit functions. This means that they are not in the form of  (explicit function), and are instead in the form  (implicit function). It might not be possible to rearrange the function into the form . To use implicit differentiation, we use the chain rule, 

If we let , then,

Example

Which we can work out to be equivalent to, using the above,

Then we can isolate 

Then divide to get, 

Mathematical analysis
Calculus
Howard Carter

Howard Carter (9 May 1874 – 2 March 1939) was an English archaeologist. His mother was Martha Carter and his father was Samuel Carter. As a young man he worked for the Egyptian Antiquities Service. Later, he was the man who found King Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922. 

The discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb was an accident. Howard Carter's waterboy stumbled across some steps leading under the desert surface. Lord Carnarvon, a sponsor of Carter's work, was impatient of the slow progress at this point, and if the discovery had not been made, then it likely would not have been discovered at all.

References

1874 births
1939 deaths
English archaeologists
Werder Bremen

The Sport-Verein Werder von 1899 e. V. Bremen is a German football club playing in the city of Bremen. The club was founded in 1899 as FV Werder by a group of sixteen high school students. The students had won a football as prize in a  tug of war competition. In 1920 the name was changed from FV to SV werder Bremen. In this year chess, baseball, cricket and  track and field athletics  became part of the club. But football was and still is the most important part of the club.

The name "Werder" is a not very common regional word which means "River peninsula". The first play ground of Werder Bremen was beside the Weser river. Today they play in the Weserstadion.

The club's first team plays in the German Bundesliga. The second team of Werder Bremen is playing in Germanys 4th league. The women team is playing in the Second Bundesliga. Their colors are green and white (Grün und Weiß).

Current squad

Coaching staff

League position

Former position

Honours

Germany
German Bundesliga (4): 1965, 1988, 1993, 2004
German Cup (6): 1961, 1991, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009

International
 Cup winner-Cup : 1992
UEFA-Cup-final: 2009

Manager history
Willi Multhaup  1963-1965  
Günter Brocker  1965-04.09.1967    
Fritz Langner  09.09.1967-1969    
Fritz Rebell  1969-16.03.1970  
Hans Tilkowski  17.03.1970-1970  
Robert Gebhardt  1970-26.09.1971  
Willi Multhaup  27.09.1971-24.10.1971   
Josef Piontek  25.10.1971-07.05.1972    
Fritz Langner  08.05.1972-1972    
Josef Piontek  1972/1975  
Herbert Burdenski  1975-28.02.1976    
Otto Rehhagel  29.02.1976-1976   
Hans Tilkowski  1976-22.12.1977    
Fred Schulz  02.01.1978-1978    
Wolfgang Weber  1978-29.01.1980    
Fritz Langner  20.02.1980-1980    
Kuno Klötzer  1980-1981    
Otto Rehhagel  01.04.1981-1995    
Aad de Mos  1995-09.01.96    
Hans-Jürgen Dörner  14.01.96 - 20.08.97    
Wolfgang Sidka  01.09.1997 - 22.10.1998    
Felix Magath  22.10.1998 - 09.05.1999    
Thomas Schaaf  10.05.1999 - 15.05.2013
Wolfgang Rolff 15.05.2013 -

Notable players
Frank Baumann ( 1999-2009)
Arnold Schütz (1955-1972)
Dieter Burdenski (1972-1988, goalkeeper coach 1997-2005)
Horst-Dieter Höttges (1964-1978)
Marco Bode (1988-2002)
Andreas Herzog (1992-1995)

Team records
Marco Bode 101 goals
Dieter Burdenski 444 matches in the German Bundesliga
Horst-Dieter Höttges 66 matches for the German football national team
Werder Bremen - DSC Arminia Bielefeld  8:1  (2007) Werder Bremen - Offenbacher Kickers  8:1  (1983) highest victory
Eintracht Frankfurt - Werder Bremen  9:2  (1981) highest score in lost match

References 

Werder Bremen
Fußball-Bundesliga
German football clubs
Werder Bremen
1899 establishments in Germany
2004 Redfern riots

The Redfern Riots on 14 February 2004 were started in the inner Sydney suburb of Redfern after the death of Thomas 'TJ' Hickey, a 17 year old Australian Aboriginal. 

The boy was riding home on his bicycle from his girlfriend's house when he saw a police car and thought it was chasing him. Police were searching him, but police have said that the police car was looking for a different person. While the chase Hickey lost control of his bicycle rode into a spiked fence.

Friends and relatives came together at The Block to be sad. Fliers were given out, which said that it was the fault of the police that the boy died and unhappy aboriginal youths arrived from other parts of Sydney at the Redfern railway station. The police closed the entrance to the station but the crowd had turned violent and began to throw bottles, bricks and Molotov cocktails. The violence became into a full riot around The Block, during which Redfern railway station was burning for a short time and was heavily damaged. The riot went on into the early morning, until police used Fire Brigade water hoses to get the crowd apart. One car, stolen in a western suburb, was burnt, and 40 police officers were hurt.

Related pages
 2005 Macquarie Fields riots
 2005 Cronulla riots

Other websites 
 Redfern riots special  (Sydney Morning Herald) - several stories about the riots and its endings.

References 

2004 crimes
2000s in Sydney
2000s crimes in Australia
Law enforcement in Australia
Police misconduct
2000s riots
Rhön

The Rhön are a group of low mountains in central Germany, in the states Hesse, Bavaria and Thuringia. They are the product of ancient volcanic activity and are separated from the Vogelsberg Mountains by the Fulda River and its valley. 

These mountains are a popular tourist attraction. Hikers come for the nearly 6,000 km (3,750 miles) of tracks through the picturesque scenery, and gliding has been done here since the early Twentieth century. Nowadays people come here to stay on a farm during holidays, too.

Since 1991, UNESCO has declared the Rhön a Biosphere Reserve. 

The highest mountains of the Rhön are:
Wasserkuppe 950 m (3,110 ft), (Hessian Rhön)
Kreuzberg (mountain) 928 m (3,040 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
Schwabenhimmel 926 m (3,040 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
Heidelstein 913 m (3,000 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
Milseburg 835 m (2,740 ft) (Hessian Rhön)
Feuerberg 832 m (2,730 ft) (Bavarian Rhön)
Ellenbogen 814 m (2,670 ft) (Thuringian Rhön)

Other websites 

Rhön tourism portal
The Rhön hiking club (in German) 
white pages and websites of Fulda and the hessian Rhön (in German) 
360 degree virtual tour through the hessian Rhön (in German)
Orchids of the Rhön, with many informations about Rhön's nature (in German)

Biosphere reserves
Geography of Bavaria
Geography of Hesse
Geography of Thuringia
Mountain ranges of Germany
LZ 129 Hindenburg

The LZ 129 Hindenburg was a large German airship, built in 1936. It was named in honor of the  German field marshal and statesman Paul von Hindenburg. Such airships are called Zeppelin. Along with another Zeppelin, LZ 130 Graf Zeppelin, it was the biggest airship in the world at the time it was built.

The Zeppelin gained lots of publicity and became very famous. The boxer Max Schmeling flew on it back to Germany after defeating Joe Louis in the United States. It was also present during the opening ceremony of the 1936 Summer Olympics which were held in Berlin. This attention was part of the Zeppelin company's plan to offer a fleet of their airships for trans-atlantic service.

The disaster 
On May 6, 1937, the Hindenburg was landing in New Jersey after a transatlantic flight, when it burst into flames. 36 people died and many were injured.  The Hindenburg was destroyed by the burning of the hydrogen that was inside it.  There are many opinions on what started the fire.   

An announcer, Herbert Morrison reported the landing and then screamed and said, "Oh the humanity" after it caught on fire. Morrison's line is now famous around the world as well as photos and film footage of the disaster.

The rock group Led Zeppelin used a picture of the fire for the cover of their self-titled debut album.

1937
1930s in the United States
Airships
Disasters in the 1930s
20th century in New Jersey
Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States
1936 establishments in Europe
1930s establishments in Germany
Vogelsberg Mountains

The Vogelsberg Mountains are a group of low mountains in central Germany. They are in the middle of the state of Hessen. They are the product of ancient volcanic activity and are separated from the Rhön Mountains by the Fulda River and its valley.

The Vogelsberg is about 19 million years old. It is Germany's only shield volcano. It is the largest basalt formation of Central Europe. It consists of many layers which fall downward from their peak in ring-shaped terraces to the base.

The highest mountains of the Vogelsberg are Taufstein, 773 m (2,536 ft), and Hoherodskopf, 763 m (2,503 ft). Both are now in a national park, the Hoher Vogelsberg Nature Reserve.

Geography of Hesse
Mountain ranges of Germany
Fulda River

The Fulda is a river in Hesse, Germany. It is one of two headstreams of the Weser River (the other one being the Werra). The Fulda River is 218 km in length.

The source is in the Rhön mountains. From here it runs northwards through the Weserbergland hills and finally meets the Werra River close to Hannoversch Münden.

Cities along the Fulda River include:

 Gersfeld
 Fulda
 Bad Hersfeld
 Rotenburg
 Melsungen
 Kassel

Geography of Hesse
Rivers of Germany
Gonadotropin

Gonadotropins (or Gonadotrophins) are hormones. The two main hormones of the group are Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Gonadotropins are hormones that tell the testicles to make sperm or the uterus to release an egg.

Hormones
De Lorean Motor Company

The DeLorean Motor Company was a car manufacturer formed by John DeLorean in 1975.  The company only made one car during its existence - the DMC-12, which has featured in the science fiction series Back to the Future as a time machine created by Doc Emmett Brown.

In 1957, John Z. DeLorean decided to create his own sport car.  It was one of his childhood dreams.  He created the DeLorean Motors Company near Belfast, Northern Ireland, and his project was helped by the British government.  His first car, the DMC-12, was produced in 1981.  When the car was publicly launched, the car was a success, and 6,539 DMC-12s were produced in 1981.  The car was expensive, and regarded as underpowered for its cost.

Production of the DMC-12 continued until 1983, when the DeLorean Motors Company had money problems.  John Z. De Lorean was later arrested by police for trafficking cocaine. Production of DeLorean cars was stopped.

At present, 6000 De Lorean are used regularly by their owners, and a big majority is in the USA.

References 

1975 establishments in the United States
American automobile companies
Defunct companies of the United States
1983 disestablishments in the United States
Companies based in Detroit
Stargate SG-1

Stargate SG-1 is a science fiction television program. It takes place after the movie Stargate. The show started on July 27, 1997 on the TV channel Showtime, from 1997 to 2002, and then on the TV channel Sci Fi, from 2002 to 2007. The first episode, "Children of the Gods" was two hours long and was rated R because of a scene of nudity. It is the only episode in the series that was rated. The show ended with the episode, "Unending" on March 13, 2007.

The show follows the missions of a secret military operation known as the Stargate Program. It is run out of a base under Cheyenne Mountain, known as Stargate Command (commonly called the SGC). The plot of the show revolves around the flagship team, called SG-1. The team is made up of Colonel Jack O'Neill (Richard Dean Anderson), Dr. Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks), Major Samantha Carter (Amanda Tapping), and Teal'c (Christopher Judge).

Related pages
 Stargate Atlantis
 Stargate Universe

Other websites 
 SciFi Channel Stargate Website 
 Stargate SG-1 Official Site
 
 GateWorld

1997 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
American science fiction television series
Stargate
English-language television programs
Stargate Atlantis

Stargate Atlantis is a television series. It is a spin-off of the Stargate SG-1 series. The series starts at the beginning of the eighth season of Stargate SG-1. Mika McKinnon was a science adviser for this show and Stargate Universe.

Story 

The main subject of the seventh season of Stargate SG-1 was researching and locating the city of the Ancients. At the end of the seventh season, SG-1 discovered that the city is on Earth, under the ices of Antarctica. But it was in fact only a beachhead. Doctor Daniel Jackson finds the coordinates of the real city. Its name is Atlantis (the legendary ancient city), and it's in the Pegasus galaxy. The address was hard to find because it needs eight chevrons, the seventh of which is used to indicate the galaxy.

References

Other websites 
MGM: Stargate Atlantis
SCI FI: Stargate Atlantis 

Stargate Atlantis episode guide at GateWorld
Stargate Atlantis Links Directory at GateGuide

2004 television series debuts
American drama television series
Canadian television series
Science fiction television series
Stargate
Television spin-offs
English-language television programs
Enchilada

Enchilada is a traditional Mexican dish. The words comes from enchilar, which means add Chili peppers to something. The traditional enchilada sauce mainly consists of Chile peppers. The basis for the enchilada is tortilla, made from maize. After that,a certain kind of meat (usually birds, like chicken or turkey) is added. Some people also add onions and cheese.

Recipes
Easy Enchiladas 
Enchiladas Suiza 
Enchiladas Verde (Green Enchiladas)
Breakfast Enchiladas 
Enchilame 

Mexican food
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is a form of Christian Greek art of the Eastern Roman Empire (now called the Byzantine Empire) from about the 5th century to the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

However, the term can also be for other the art of countries who shared their culture with the Byzantine Empire, including Bulgaria, Serbia and Rus. The Republic of Venice and Kingdom of Sicily can also be included even though they were part of Western European culture. Art that was produced by Balkan and Anatolian Christians who lived in the Ottoman Empire is often called "post-Byzantine." Certain traditions that began in the Byzantine Empire, particularly icon painting and church architecture, are still current in Greece, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries.

Related pages
 Icon 
 Basilica 
 Tempera 
 Mosaic 
 List of Renaissance artists

References

Other websites 
 The Glory of Byzantium. Exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Art
Christian art
Hel (realm)

Hel is one of the nine worlds of Norse mythology. It is where the mortal dead gather after life if their death was dishonourable. Its ruler is the goddess Hel. Hel is located under the roots of the tree Yggdrasil. It can be reached via the river Gjöll. A bridge spans this river which is guarded by the giantess Modgrudr. Garm, a dog, guards the entrance to the castle of Hel. He only lets the dead souls enter however they cannot leave. A rooster is the companion of Garm. Its purpose in the realm of the gods is to wake them for Ragnarök, this rooster will also wake the souls of the dead. 

The dragon Nidhögg eats from the corpses of deceased criminals. The wolf Fenrir also joins in on this feast.

Places in Norse mythology
Afterlife
Wrigley, Northwest Territories

Wrigley is a Canadian community in the Northwest Territories.
In 2001, 165 people lived there.

Settlements in the Northwest Territories
Stress

Stress could mean:

Mechanical 
 Stress (mechanics) 
 Yield stress in mechanical engineering and rheology

Biological 
Stress (biology), medical or psychological stress; types of medical stress include:
 Stress (psychological), a feeling of mental strain or pressure
 Chronic stress, persistent stress which can lead to illness and mental disorder
 Eustress, positive stress that can lead to improved long-term functioning

Music 
 Accent (music)
 Stress (band), an early '80s melodic rock band from San Diego
 Stress (Neo-Psychedelic band), from the late 1980s
 Stress, a song by the French band Justice on their debut album † (album)

Other 
 Stress (game), card game
 Stress (linguistics), phonological use of prominence in language
Tabulating machine

The tabulating machine was a machine used to make the 1890 United States census. It was made by Herman Hollerith. Hollerith's machine used punched cards to store information with by categorisation.

Machines
FreeBASIC

FreeBASIC is a programming language like QuickBASIC. It is free and open source. It has many advanced things that other BASIC programming languages do not have. FreeBASIC can make graphical programs or console mode programs. It runs on DOS, Linux, and Microsoft Windows.

The FreeBASIC compiler can create itself.

Programming languages