alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Randers Stadium

Randers Stadium (), known as Cepheus Park Randers for sponsorship reasons (formerly BioNutria Park Randers, Essex Park Randers and AutoC Park Randers) is a football stadium, located in Randers, Denmark. It is the home ground of Randers FC.

Rebuilding
Randers Stadion was totally rebuilt in 2005–06. The new stadium was designed by Arkitektfirmaet C. F. Møller, while Rambøll was the engineer and A. Enggaard contractor.

The pitch was also renovated in 2006 installing under-pitch heating, and automatic watering systems.

In October 2007 Randers FC installed a 37-square metre jumboscreen at the top of the North Stand.

Randers Stadium official capacity are 10.300 of which 9.000 are seats.

The north stand was the only stand, not to be renovated in the 2006 rebuild, but in 2012 Randers FC announced that the North Stand would be renovated. The North Stand would be finished in the start of the season 2013–14. The North Stand was designed by Friis & Moltke, while Grontmij was the consultative engineers and Einar Kornerup contractor.

The stadium consists of 4 stands:
Two long-side stands:
The Sparekassen Kronjylland stand (2,697 seats)
The Energi Randers stand (2,407 seats)
Two end stands:
The Marcus stand (1,011 seats and 2,886 standing places)
The North stand (2,400 seats and 400 standing places)

Other activities
In October 2006, the stadium hosted the WUSV 2006 Schutzhund World Championship.

Aerosmith performed at the stadium during their 2007 World Tour on 6 June 2007, with 23,000 people in attendance.

National games
Bionutria Park Randers has never been used as home ground for the Danish national team, but it has been venue of several youth national matches:

See also
 List of football stadiums in Denmark

References

External links

  Essex Park Randers at Randers FC's website

Football venues in Denmark
Randers FC
Randers
Buildings and structures in Randers Municipality
Mock mayor

The election of a mock mayor is British folk tradition found in a number of communities throughout the British Isles. A mock mayor is an individual who is elected by a popular informal assembly of individuals as a parody of the official office of mayor in any given community.

Examples

Examples may be found in:

Cornwall
 Helston (known as the Mayor of St Johns)
 Mylor
 Penzance, as part of the Golowan Festival
 Polperro
 St Germans

Elsewhere
 Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire. (Known as the Mayor of Ock Street)
 Barton, Gloucestershire.
 Llansteffan, Wales.
 Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire.
 Woodstock, Oxfordshire.

See also 

Lord of Misrule

References

External links 
The Mock Mayor of Mylor
The Mayor of the Quay Penzance and Golowan Traditions.
The Mayor of St Germans
The Mock Mayor of St John's Helston

British traditions
Mayors of places in the United Kingdom
Cornish culture
Universal History (Sale et al)

The Universal History (complete title: An Universal history, from the earliest account of time. Compiled from original authors; and illustrated with maps, cuts, notes, &c. With a general index to the whole.) was a 65-volume universal history of the world published in London between 1747 and 1768.  Contributors included George Sale, George Psalmanazar, Archibald Bower, George Shelvocke, John Campbell and John Swinton. The novelist Tobias Smollett edited for a short period.

It was one of the first works to attempt to unify the history of Western Europe with the stories of the world's other known cultures.
As a major historical synthesis on, among other subjects, European colonial activities during the modern era, the Modern Part of an Universal History (1754–65) can be considered, according to one specialist, Guido Abbattista, as a precursor of the famous abbé Guillaume Raynal's
Histoire des deux Indes (1770–80), of which it was one of the most important, even if not acknowledged, sources.

References

Further reading
See the works by Guido Abbattista (University of Trieste, Italy):
 The literary mill: per una storia editoriale della Universal History (1736–1765), Studi Settecenteschi, 1981, pp. 91–133
 The business of Paternoster Row: towards a publishing history of the Universal History, Publishing History (Cambridge, UK-Alexandria, Virginia), XVII, 1985, pp. 5–50
 Un dibattito settecentesco sulla storia universale (Ricerche sulle traduzioni e sulla circolazione della Universal History), in Rivista storica italiana, a. CI, f. III, 1989, pp. 614–695
 “The English Universal History: publishing, authorship and historiography in a European project (1736–1790)”, Paper for the Aachen conference on “Weltgeshichten/Geschicthswelten. Universalgeschichte in der Frühen Neuzeit“, Historikertag Aachen September 2000, then in Storia della Storiografia, 39 (2001): 103-108
 Chapters of Abbattista's volume on Commercio, colonie e impero alla vigilia della Rivoluzione americana. John Campbell pubblicista e storico nell’Inghilterra del sec. XVIII, Firenze, Olschki, 1990, are dedicated to the large sections of the Universal History on the European expansion and colonialism overseas

External links
 

Universal history books
18th-century history books
Never Dreamed You'd Leave in Summer

"Never Dreamed You'd Leave in Summer" is a 1971 song by Stevie Wonder, featured on his album Where I'm Coming From. The song is a ballad, describing a failed relationship using the metaphor of changing seasons. Co-written by Syreeta Wright and released on Tamla 54202 in 1971 as the flip side of "We Can Work It Out", the single stalled at #78 on the Billboard Hot 100, but it remains one of Stevie Wonder's most popular ballads to this day.  Cash Box described the song by saying that "lively melodic work is heightened by an exceptional performance."

Wonder performed a version of the song at Michael Jackson's memorial service on July 7, 2009, his voice cracking with emotion as he called out his friend's name during the song's final refrain, "Why didn't you stay?"

Chart performance

Cover versions
The song was covered by Three Dog Night and included on their album Harmony. 
The song was also covered by Joan Baez on her 1975 album Diamonds and Rust. 
Phil Collins also recorded the song for his album of soul covers, Going Back.
James Blake also recorded the song for his cover album, simply titled 'covers'

Popular culture
A large portion of the song is played during a scene in the film, Poetic Justice; the full song is on its accompanying soundtrack album. 
A portion of this song was also remade by Lauryn Hill on Hip-Hop artist Common's "Retrospect For Life," found on his 1997 album One Day It'll All Make Sense.

References

Songs about heartache
1971 songs
1971 singles
1970s ballads
Songs written by Stevie Wonder
Songs written by Syreeta Wright
Stevie Wonder songs
Joan Baez songs
Three Dog Night songs
Pop ballads
Soul ballads
Song recordings produced by Stevie Wonder
Metcalfe

Metcalfe may refer to:

Places
Metcalfe, Ontario, a Canadian community
Metcalfe, Mississippi, a US town
Metcalfe, Victoria, a locality in Australia
Metcalfe, Georgia, a US town
Metcalfe County, Kentucky

Other uses
Metcalfe (surname)
Metcalfe's law, describes the relationship between the effects of a telecommunications network and the number of connected users
Metcalfe Station (OC Transpo), a bus stop in Ottawa, Canada
W. Metcalfe and Son, an English publishing company

See also
Metcalf (disambiguation)
Metcalfe Street (disambiguation)
Neath Port Talbot College

Neath Port Talbot College (NPTC) was a further education institution established as two campuses in Port Talbot and Neath in Wales, United Kingdom.

The college allowed study of many courses including GCSEs, AS Level/A levels, AGCEs, AVCEs, Adult Lifelong Learning Services, GNVQs at both Foundation and Intermediate levels.

Neath Port Talbot College also offered higher education courses or HND/Cs in various subjects related to their AVCE/AGCE courses, notably in Computing, Health & Social Care, Hospitality and Childcare.

After the County Borough of Neath Port Talbot was formed in 1996, plans were put through to merge the Afan College and Neath College as one.  In 1997 this was achieved under the name of Neath Port Talbot College.

In August 2013 Neath Port Talbot College merged with Coleg Powys to become NPTC Group.

History 

Between the 1950s to the 1990s there was a Neath College and an Afan College; each college had their own administration and staff.  Both colleges independently offered O levels, A levels, National Diplomas and other qualifications.  When the boroughs of Neath and Port Talbot merged to form a unitary Authority in 1996, the two colleges decided to merge as one also.  Instead of each campus being called Neath College and Afan College, it became Neath Campus and Afan Campus.

The college also had an outpost at Queen Street in Neath Town Centre, where the ECDL were offered and other part-time courses were available too.  Further facilities were situated at Margam Country Park in Twyn Yr Hydd House from where the college ran its Management Training Centre, Horticulture Training Centre and Parc-Gro plant nursery.

Campuses

Afan Campus
The Afan campus was located in the Margam district of Port Talbot.

Neath campus
The Neath campus was located on Dwr-y-Felin Road just to the northwest of Neath town centre.

The Canolfan Gelf Nidum Arts Centre was located on the Neath campus and included a 170-seat auditorium with cinema screen.

Schools that linked to NPTC 
Nearly all the schools that linked to Neath Port Talbot College were in the Neath Port Talbot area. 2
 Dwr-y-Felin Comprehensive School
 Dyffryn Comprehensive School
 Ysgol Gyfun Ystalyfera, Ystalyfera
 Cwrt Sart Comprehensive School
 Cwmtawe Comprehensive School, Pontardawe
 Glan Afan Comprehensive School, Port Talbot
 Sandfields Comprehensive School
 Cefn Saeson Comprehensive School
 Brynteg Comprehensive School

References

Buildings and structures in Neath Port Talbot
Education in Neath Port Talbot
Further education colleges in Wales
Tourist attractions in Neath Port Talbot
SolUTra

The Solutra is the first solar car designed by a group of students, the Raedthuys Solar Team,  of the University of Twente. It participated in the 8th World Solar Challenge in 2005 and finished 9th place. Another Dutch team won the race with their car Nuna 3.

This solar car is the current FIA world record holder on the 1 km with a flying start. This record has been set on August 28, 2005, at the Gronausestraat in Enschede, The Netherlands.

Specifications

See also
 The Twente One TU car which succeeded the Solutra
 The Nuna 4 another Dutch solar car that won the 2007 World Solar Challenge.
 The main article about the Nuna series of Dutch solar cars.
 List of solar car teams

External links
 SolUtra, official page

Solar car racing
Science and technology in the Netherlands
Stolichno

Stolichno is a Bulgarian bock beer () produced by the Zagorka Brewery since 2004.

The beer was originally brewed at Sofia's Ariana Brewery (hence the name, which literally means "of the capital city"). It is a strong beer with an ABV of 6.5%.

References

External links 
 ariana.bg – official website
 Heineken Zagorka Brewery – brewery website
 Stolichno at Bulgarian Beers

Beer in Bulgaria
Bulgarian brands
Heineken brands
Beer brands
Membrane biology

Membrane biology is the study of the biological and physiochemical characteristics of membranes, with applications in the study of cellular physiology.

Membrane bioelectrical impulses are described by the Hodgkin cycle.

Biophysics 
Membrane biophysics is the study of biological membrane structure and function using  physical, computational, mathematical, and biophysical methods. A combination of these methods can be used to create phase diagrams of different types of membranes, which yields information on thermodynamic behavior of a membrane and its components. As opposed to membrane biology, membrane biophysics focuses on quantitative information and modeling of various membrane phenomena, such as lipid raft formation, rates of lipid and cholesterol flip-flop, protein-lipid coupling, and the effect of bending and elasticity functions of membranes on inter-cell connections.

See also

References

 
Biophysics
Ljuba Kristol

Ljuba Danielovna Kristol (; ; born May 26, 1944, in Leningrad) is a Russian-born Israeli chess player who holds the ICCF title of Lady Grandmaster (LGM) and the FIDE title of Woman International Master (WIM).

She is best known for winning the ICCF Women's World Championship in correspondence chess on two occasions:  between 1978 and 1984, and between 1993 and 1998.

She grew up in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), and since 1976 has lived in Israel.
Kristol is the four-time OTB women's chess champion of Israel.

She took part in four Chess Olympiads as a member of the Israeli team. In the Olympiad in 1976 (which took place in Haifa), Kristol won the gold medal with the Israeli team.

In 1989 Kristol participated in a zonal tournament in Haifa, and shared 1st–2nd place.

Tournaments 
Major tournaments that Kristol participated in

References

External links 
 
 
 
 

1944 births
Living people
Russian female chess players
Russian chess players
Israeli female chess players
Israeli chess players
Soviet female chess players
Soviet chess players
Chess Woman International Masters
World Correspondence Chess Champions
Sportspeople from Saint Petersburg
Soviet emigrants to Israel
Jewish chess players
Russian Jews
Israeli Jews
Nam Hae-il

Nam Hae-il (, born April 13, 1947) is a former South Korean naval officer who served as the 25th Chief of Naval Operations of the Republic of Korea Navy, appointed in 2005. He attended the Republic of Korea Naval Academy in 1972 and Naval War college in 1978.

References

1947 births
Living people
Chiefs of Naval Operations (South Korea)
Korea Naval Academy alumni
George Benson Hall

George Benson Hall (1780 – January 9, 1821) was a naval officer, businessman and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in Ireland in 1780 and served in the Royal Navy during the time of the French Revolution. In 1802, he left the navy and worked on a merchant ship. When the ship became stranded in the Saint Lawrence River near Quebec City, he accepted the position of mate on the government ship Toronto. In 1804, he was given command of  on Lake Erie. In 1811, he became captain of . He set up residence in Amherstburg. In 1812, Major-General Isaac Brock named Hall commodore of Lakes Erie, Huron and Michigan. He commanded the batteries during the attack on Detroit in 1812. In 1813, when the officers of the Royal Navy arrived, he was named superintendent of the dockyard and naval stores at Amherstburg. In 1816, he was elected as a representative for Essex in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada and was named a justice of the peace in the Western District. He also served in the local militia, becoming major. He set up business at Amherstburg, selling hardware and construction supplies. He died there in 1821.

External links
 Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

1780 births
1821 deaths
Irish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario
Members of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
Naval history of Canada
Immigrants to Upper Canada
Canadian justices of the peace
Ouaguenoun

Ouaguenoun is a district east of Tizi Ouzou, Kabylie region, Algeria.  Its central town is Tikobain.

Villages in Ouaguenoun include Ighil Bouchene.

Communes of Tizi Ouzou Province
Cities in Algeria
Afzelius

Afzelius is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Adam Afzelius (1750–1837), Swedish naturalist
 Arvid Afzelius (1857–1923), Swedish dermatologist
 Arvid August Afzelius (1785–1871), Swedish poet and historian
 Björn Afzelius (1947–1999), Swedish singer
 Johan Afzelius (1753–1837), Swedish chemist
 Jon Arvid Afzelius (1856–1918), Swedish linguist
 Per von Afzelius (1760–1843), Swedish medicine
 Ronnie Afzelius (1972–present), Swedish entrepreneur

Sources 
 Biographies in Swedish language

Swedish-language surnames
Sohn

Sohn may refer to 

a German word meaning "son";
an alternate transliteration of the Korean name Son;
Sohn (musician), a Vienna-based English musician, songwriter, and producer

Sohn is the surname of:
 Sohn Kee-chung (孫基禎) — the first medal-winning Korean Olympian
 Alfred Sohn-Rethel (1899–1990), German social scientist
 Alfred Sohn-Rethel (painter) (1875–1958), German Classical Modernist painter
 Else Sohn-Rethel (1863–1933), German painter and singer in the mid to late 19th-century.
 Karli Sohn-Rethel (1882–1966) German Classical Modernist painter
 Otto Sohn-Rethel (1877–1949), German painter and lepidopterist
 Amy Sohn, American author, columnist and screenwriter
 Clem Sohn (1910-1937), American human flight pioneer
 Joseph Sohn, contributor to the Jewish Encyclopedia, "The New International Encyclopedia"
 Karl Ferdinand Sohn (1805–1867), German landscape painter
 Karl Rudolf Sohn (1845–1908), German painter
 Kurt Sohn, New York Jets wide receiver, 1981-1988
 Louis B. Sohn (1914-2006) East-European politician, author
 Lydia Sohn, American mechanical and bio-engineer
Patricia Sohn (aka Patricia Woods), America political scientist
Peter Sohn, American animator and voice actor
 Sonja Sohn, American actress
 Wilhelm Sohn (1830–1899), German painter

See also
 Sone
 Zone (disambiguation)
 Zoon

Surnames of Jewish origin
Chesed-El Synagogue

The Chesed-El Synagogue (, "Grace of God") is a synagogue in Singapore. The synagogue was constructed in 1905 and is located at Oxley Rise in River Valley, within the Central Area of Singapore.

On 18 December 1998, it was designated as a national monument of Singapore.

History
The Chesed-El Synagogue was designated as a national monument on 18 December 1998.

The synagogue underwent an extensive renovation in 2016 with the support of the National Heritage Board (NHB) of Singapore.

A Jewish Community Centre was built on the Synagogue grounds, where the communal Sukkah used to stand. In 2019, the synagogue received its fourth grant from the restoration fund of the NHB for restoration and maintenance of the building.

See also
 History of the Jews in Singapore

References 

Lee Geok Boi (2004), The Religious Monuments of Singapore, Landmark Books, 
Preservation of Monuments Board, Know Our Monuments

External links

Virtual Jewish History Tour of Singapore, Jewish Virtual Library
Singaporejews.com: The Jewish Community of Singapore

Synagogues in Singapore
River Valley, Singapore
National monuments of Singapore
Sephardi synagogues
Sephardi Jewish culture in Asia
Landmarks in Singapore
1905 establishments in Singapore
Synagogues completed in 1905
Renaissance Revival synagogues
20th-century architecture in Singapore
Kopiko

Kopiko may refer to:

 Kopiko (confectionery), a brand of coffee confectioneries produced in Southeast Asia
 Kopiko, common name for Psychotria mariniana tree, a species of the family Rubiaceae endemic to Hawaii
John Swinton (1703–1777)

John Swinton (1703–1777) was a British writer, academic, Fellow of the Royal Society, Church of England clergyman and orientalist. In 1731 he was a fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, but migrated to Christ Church in 1745. He contributed to George Sale's Universal History. Swinton also contributed articles on the transcription of the 'Ruins of Palmyra'. Beginning in 1749, Swinton donated a number of Roman coins to the collection at Christ Church. From 1767 until the year of his death he was Keeper of the Archives at Oxford University.

Life
The son of John Swinton of Bexton in Cheshire, he was born in the county. He entered Wadham College, Oxford as a servitor, matriculating on 10 October 1719, and on 30 June 1723 he was elected a scholar. He graduated B.A. on 1 December 1723, and proceeded M.A. on 1 December 1726.

Swinton was ordained deacon on 30 May 1725 and priest on 28 May 1727; and in February 1728 he was instituted into the rectory of St Peter-le-Bailey, Oxford. On 16 October 1728 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and on 30 June 1729 was chosen a probationer-fellow of Wadham. He then accepted the position of chaplain to the English factory at Livorno, went to Florence in 1733, and returned to England after visiting Venice, Vienna, and Pressburg. He then took up his abode in Oxford, where he resided till 1743, when he was appointed a prebendary of St. Asaph Cathedral on 11 October, resigning his fellowship at the same time.

In July 1745 Swinton migrated to Christ Church and in 1759 proceeded B.D. He was elected keeper of the archives of the university in 1767, and, dying on 4 April 1777, was buried in the antechapel of Wadham. He was married, but left no children. His wife, who died in 1784, was also buried in Wadham chapel.

Works

Swinton published:

 De Linguæ Etruriæ Regalis Vernacula Dissertatio, Oxford, 1738.
 A Critical Essay concerning the Words Δαιμων and Δαιμονιον, London, 1739.
 De priscis Romanorum literis Dissertatio, Oxford, 1746.
 Inscriptiones Citieæ, Oxford, 1750.
 De nummis quibusdam Samaritanis et Phœniciis, 1750.
 Metilia, Oxford, 1750.

Swinton also contributed dissertations to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (1761–74); "An Explication of All the Inscriptions in the Palmyrene Language and Character Hitherto Publish'd. In Five Letters from the Reverend Mr. John Swinton, M. A. of Christ-Church, Oxford, and F. R. S. to the Reverend Thomas Birch, D. D. Secret. R. S." had been communicated to Philosophical Transactions in 1753. He was the author of portions of George Sale's Universal History. "The Travels of three English Gentlemen, from Venice to Hamburgh" appeared in The Harleian Miscellany, Oxford, 1734.

References 

Attribution
 

1703 births
1777 deaths
18th-century English Anglican priests
Fellows of Wadham College, Oxford
Fellows of the Royal Society
Keepers of the Archives of the University of Oxford
32nd Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 32nd Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the British Army that saw active service during both the First and the Second World Wars.

First World War
The Brigade was raised originally as the 32nd Infantry Brigade, part of the 11th (Northern) Division, a New Army formation which served at Gallipoli and on the Western Front during the First World War.

Order of battle
 9th Battalion, The Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regiment) (absorbed 1/1st Yorkshire Hussars 19 November 1917 and redesignated 9th (Yorkshire Hussars Yeomanry) Battalion)
 6th Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (left 18 May 1918)
 6th Battalion, The York and Lancaster Regiment
 8th Battalion, The Duke of Wellington's (West Riding Regiment) (disbanded 13 February 1918)
 2nd Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (joined 14 May 1918)
 32nd Brigade Machine Gun Company (formed March 1916, moved into 11th MG Battalion 28 February 1918)
 32nd Trench Mortar Battery (joined 17 July 1916)

Second World War

The Brigade was reformed as 32nd Infantry Brigade (Guards) on 1 October 1941, during the Second World War. In 1942, the brigade joined the Guards Armoured Division, and later saw service during Operation Overlord, the Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine, including Operation Market Garden, and the Western Allied invasion of Germany.

Order of battle
 5th Battalion, Coldstream Guards
 1st Battalion, Welsh Guards
 3rd Battalion, Irish Guards
 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards
 2nd Battalion, Welsh Guards

Commanders
 Brigadier L. Bootle-Wilbraham
 Brigadier G.L. Verney
 Brigadier J.C.O. Marriott
 Brigadier G.F. Johnson
 Lieutenant-Colonel J.C. Windsor-Lewis
 Brigadier J.O.E. Vandeleur

Postwar
The Brigade was reraised in the early 1950s and joined the 3rd Infantry Division. The Brigade was moved from Cyprus to reinforce the British forces in the Canal Zone in February 1952, but was later disbanded by being redesignated 29th Infantry Brigade.

Bibliography

References

Infantry brigades of the British Army
Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War I
Drain, Maine-et-Loire

Drain () is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2015, it was merged into the new commune Orée-d'Anjou.

See also
Communes of the Maine-et-Loire department

References

Former communes of Maine-et-Loire
Governor's Palace, Asmara

The Governor's Palace is the city hall of Asmara, Eritrea. It was built during the colonial period in the city centre, in an Italian Art Deco style.

Overview

The former Italian government's palace was built in 1897 by Ferdinando Martini, the first Italian governor of Eritrea (now it is the Asmara President's Office). The Gibi, as it is known, was converted into the Museum of Asmara during the Ethiopian administration, when the Governor's Palace was moved to its present building.

The current city hall was built during the 1930s in typical Fascist style (called Littorio), with a central tower at the entrance adorned with "Fasci" (destroyed in March 1941, when the city was conquered by the British). It is located next to the Court House and the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Eritrea, in the central section of Asmara that has been named a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 2017.

The Asmara City Hall appeared on Asmara's last revenue stamps, which were issued in 1960.

Notes

Bibliography

 Edward Denison, Guang Yu Ren, Naigzy Gebremedhin and Guang Yu Ren. Asmara: Africa's secret modernist city New York, 2003 ()
 Antoinette Jeanson, Paul-Antoine Martin. Asmara, la petite Rome africaine. Paris, 2015 ()

See also

 Asmara
 Italian Eritrea

Official residences in Eritrea
Buildings and structures in Asmara
Residential buildings completed in 1897
Italian fascist architecture
Art Deco architecture
Palaces in Africa
Edward Metcalfe

Edward Metcalfe (1792 – 7 May 1847) was a British Benedictine scholar.

Metcalfe was born in Yorkshire.  He entered the Benedictine monastery at Ampleforth in 1811, and was ordained five years later. He distinguished himself early as a linguist. From 1822 to 1824, he served on the mission at Kilvington.

About this time, at the request of Bishop Baines, he and some other members of the community left Ampleforth to establish a monastery at Prior Park, near Bath. On 13 March 1830, the Holy See authorized them to transfer their obedience to the vicar Apostolic; a little later, owing to some misunderstanding, they were secularized.

In 1831 Father Metcalfe was made chaplain to Sir E. Mostyn, of Talacre, Flint, and soon acquired a knowledge of the Welsh language, so as to minister to the Welsh population. After five years he was transferred to Newport, and in 1844 to Bristol.

Arrangements were almost completed for his re-admission into the Benedictines in 1847, when an outbreak of fever in Leeds inspired him to offer his services to the bishop of that city; he hastened to the plague-stricken populace, and in a short time fell a victim to the epidemic.  He died a martyr of charity, aged 54.

His principal works are: a Welsh translation of two of Challoner's works, "Think well on't" and "The Garden of the Soul" (Llyfr Gweddi y Catholig); also "Crynoad o'r Athrawiæth Cristionogol" (Rhyl, 1866).

References
 Joseph Gillow, Biographical Dictionary of English Catholics
 Dolman's Magazine, V, 65
 The Tablet, IV, 790
 James Shepherd, Reminiscences of Prior Park, passim.

1792 births
1847 deaths
British Benedictines
Clergy from Yorkshire
English religious writers
Mansfeld Castle

Mansfeld Castle () is a castle in the region of Mansfeld Land in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The castle, which is surrounded by forest, stands on top of a large rock overlooking the town of Mansfeld. The Late Gothic church of the castle, as well as the ruins, moats and the remains of the battlements from the time of the old fortress make Mansfeld castle a popular attraction. Martin Luther often visited the castle, as his parents lived in Mansfeld. His father worked in the local copper mine, while Luther himself attended the school of Mansfeld.

Mansfeld Castle is now used as a Jugendburg, or Christian youth education and conference centre.

History 
1229: first documented mention of Mansfeld Castle.
1509: fire destroyed the castle.
1509 - ca. 1549: building of three Renaissance style castles (Vorderort, Mittelort, Hinterort) and a fortress (one of the largest in Germany), furnishing of the castle's church.
1540: introduction of the Protestant Reformation to the County of Mansfeld by Martin Luther and Count Albert of Mansfeld-Hinterort.
1570: the count's property is under administration because of his massive debt, the castles Mittelort and Hinterort fall into decay.
1618 - 1648: repeated siege of the castle during the Thirty Years' War.
1672: Saxon government decides to destroy the fortress.
1674/75: The fortress is razed to the ground by 400 countrymen and 30 miners from Freiberg, Saxony.
1710: Count John George III of Mansfeld, the count that lived in Mansfeld Castle, dies.
1780: After the death of Johann Wenzel Nepomuk, the last heir of the line of counts of Mansfeld, the castle is owned by the Kingdom of Prussia.
1794 - 1810: The castle is owned by Carl Friedrich Bückling, developer of the first German steam-powered machine.
1859 - 1945: Mansfeld Castle is owned by the barons von der Recke.
1860 - 1862: Neogothic remodelling and renovation of Mansfeld Castle.
1883 - 1908: fitting of Neogothic windows and pews to the castle church, which can still be seen today.
1946: After the act of reforming landed property, the state of Saxony-Anhalt takes ownership of the castle.
1947: The castle is handed over to the Protestant church of Saxony for free of charge use by the YMCA.
1997: The society Förderverein Schloss Mansfeld e. V., founded on 24 May in Halle an der Saale, supports Mansfeld Castle.

See also
Dorothea of Mansfeld

External links

The Castle's Homepage 

Castles in Saxony-Anhalt
Jugendburg
So What the Fuss

"So What the Fuss" is a song from Stevie Wonder's 2005 album A Time to Love. The song features En Vogue and Prince.

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

2005 singles
Stevie Wonder songs
En Vogue songs
Prince (musician) songs
Music videos directed by Paul Hunter (director)
Songs written by Stevie Wonder
Song recordings produced by Stevie Wonder
Sava Dolinka

The Sava Dolinka is a headwater of the Sava River in northwestern Slovenia. The  long Sava Dolinka starts as Nadiža Creek in the Planica Valley under Mount Zadnja Ponca in the Julian Alps, at an elevation of 1222 m, close to the Italian border. The stream goes underground soon after its source and breaks out again after 5 km at an elevation of 842 m in Zelenci, near Kranjska Gora. The Sava Dolinka flows through Kranjska Gora, Gozd Martuljek, Jesenice, between Bled and Breg, and past the town of Lesce. The first in a series of hydroelectric power plants on the river, the Moste Hydro Power Plant (22.5 MW), is located near Žirovnica. It merges with the second major headwater of the Sava, the Sava Bohinjka, at Radovljica. Tributaries of the Sava Dolinka include the Triglav Bistrica at Mojstrana and the Radovna, which flows through the Vintgar Gorge near Bled.

References

External links

 Condition of Sava Dolinka - graphs, in the following order, of water level, flow and temperature data for the past 30 days (taken in Blejski Most by ARSO)

Rivers of Upper Carniola
Rivers of the Julian Alps
Sava
Pennsylvania Constitution

The Constitution of Pennsylvania is the supreme law within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. All acts of the General Assembly, the governor, and each governmental agency are subordinate to it. Since 1776, Pennsylvania's Constitution has undergone five versions. The current Constitution entered into force in 1968, and has been amended numerous times.

The Constitution may only be amended if a proposed modification receives a majority vote of two consecutive sessions of the General Assembly and then is approved by the electorate. Emergency amendments are permitted by a vote of two-thirds of the General Assembly and an affirmative vote by the electorate within one month. In such emergency situations, commonwealth election officials are required to publish notice of the referendum on a proposed amendment in a minimum of two newspapers in every county. In an event that more than one emergency amendment is proposed, each additional amendment is to be voted on separately.

The Constitution (1968, as amended)
The current Constitution of Pennsylvania comprises the following concise Preamble, and Articles and Schedules:

Preamble

Articles and schedules
  Article I: Declaration of Rights
  Article II: The Legislature
  Article III: Legislation
  Article IV: The Executive
  Article V: The Judiciary
  Article VI: Public Officers
 Article VII: Elections
  Article VIII: Taxation and Finance
  Article IX: Local Government
  Article X: Private Corporations
  Article XI: Amendments
 Schedule NO. 1 (Adopted with the Constitution)
 Schedule NO. 2 (Amendments of November 2, 1909)
 Appendix

History
Pennsylvania has had five constitutions during its statehood: 1776, 1790, 1838, 1874, and 1968. Prior to that, the colonial Province of Pennsylvania was governed for a century by a book titled Frame of Government, written by William Penn, of which there were four versions: 1682, 1683, 1696, and 1701.

See also
Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776
Law of Pennsylvania

References

External links
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's Constitutions and the Amendment Process - Where it Began, Where it is Now
Pennsylvania Constitution Web Page
Text of 1776 Constitution

Pennsylvania Constitutions
Nobressart

Nobressart (; ; ) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Attert, located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium.  

Nearby is the source of the Attert River.

The village is a member of the organisation Les Plus Beaux Villages de Wallonie.

 Nobressart's webpage.

Former municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)
Attert
Huldange

Huldange (, ) is a small town in the commune of Troisvierges, in far northern Luxembourg.  , the town has a population of 353.  Nearby is the source of the Clerve.

Towns in Luxembourg
Troisvierges
Falcon Brewery

Falcon Brewery (Bryggeri AB Falken) was a brewery company in Falkenberg, Sweden. After being bought by Carlsberg it is now one of their production facilities.

The brewery was founded in 1896 by John L Skantze who picked Falkenberg because financial support was found there. In 1955  they started selling beer under the Falcon name. The company continued to grow, but after the ban on Class IIB beer the company came into difficulties and in 1977 it was bought by Pripps and was combined with Sandwalls in Borås (closed in 1981). 1985 the company was split into Falken that manufactured and Falcon that handled marketing, distribution and sales. In 1994 the company was merged as Falcon.

1989 Falcon was combined with Till breweries in Östersund.

1996 the company was sold to Carlsberg.

References

Companies based in Halland County
Breweries in Sweden
Food and drink companies established in 1896
Swedish companies established in 1896
Stan Endersby

Stan Endersby (born July 17, 1947, in Lachine, Quebec) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist.

He comes from an acting family and began his career in the early '60s playing with Toronto bands, The Omegas and C J Feeney & The Spellbinders.

During late 1965, he joined The Just Us alongside singers Jimmy Livingston (ex-Mynah Birds) and Neil Lillie aka Neil Merryweather, bass player Wayne Davis, keyboard player Ed Roth and drummer Bob Ablack. The group recorded an album but the tapes went missing with the band's manager.

Endersby remained with the band as it evolved through The Tripp and Livingstone's Journey but left for England in March 1968 where he met Kinks bass player Peter Quaife who invited him to form a new group. The promised band, however, never materialised and later that year he returned to Toronto to produce the music for Jim Henson's TV show "The Cube".

After a brief stint playing with Transfusion (the house band at Toronto's Rock Pile where they opened for Frank Zappa's Mothers of Invention as Crazy Horse – no relation to Neil Young's group), he received a call from Quaife asking him to return to England and put together the promised band, Mapleoak.

Mapleoak initially comprised English drummer Mick Cook and Canadian keyboard player Marty Fisher who had played with Endersby on "The Cube". The band did a tour of Denmark after which Cook was replaced by another Canadian, Gordon MacBain, who had also played on "The Cube". The new line up recorded a single for Decca records – "Son of a Gun" c/w "Hurt Me So Much" but Quaife left soon afterwards and the remaining trio recorded an LP before returning to Toronto in late 1970.

Back home, Endersby formed Heaven and Earth with his former Just Us/Tripp/Livingston Journey cohort Ed Roth. The band also comprised ex-The Paupers bass player Denny Gerrard, drummer Pat Little from Luke & The Apostles and Chimo!, guitarist Gary Holmes and future Motown star, singer Rick James. The group issued two singles for RCA in 1971.

References

External links
 Article at canadianbands.com
 
 

1947 births
Living people
Anglophone Quebec people
Canadian rock guitarists
Canadian male guitarists
Musicians from Montreal
People from Lachine, Quebec
Canadian male singer-songwriters
Canadian singer-songwriters
FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives, 1990s

The FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives during the 1990s is a list, maintained for a fifth decade, of the Ten Most Wanted Fugitives of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation.

FBI headlines in the 1990s
As a decade, the 1990s list stands out above others for its inclusion of a large number of highly notorious suspects, including several major terrorists, foreign and domestic. In 1993 and 1994, the FBI was scrutinized for its role in the Ruby Ridge and Waco incidents. In 1999, the most notorious suspect ever in American history, Osama bin Laden, was added to the list for the 1998 embassy attacks.

Although many 1990s terrorists have appeared on the top 10 list of fugitives, it was not until the aftermath of 9/11 in 2001 that the FBI began maintaining a separate list of Most Wanted Terrorists.

FBI 10 Most Wanted Fugitives to begin the 1990s
The FBI in the past has identified individuals by the sequence number in which each individual has appeared on the list. Some individuals have even appeared twice, and often a sequence number was permanently assigned to an individual suspect who was soon caught, captured, or simply removed, before his or her appearance could be published on the publicly released list. In those cases, the public would see only gaps in the number sequence reported by the FBI. For convenient reference, the wanted suspect's sequence number and date of entry on the FBI list appear below, whenever possible.

The following fugitives made up the top Ten list to begin the 1990s:

One spot on the list of ten remained unfilled from a capture late in the year 1989.  It was filled in the first month of the last year of the decade in 1990.

FBI Most Wanted Fugitives added during the 1990s
The list of the most wanted fugitives listed during the 1990s fluctuated throughout the decade with some fugitives making reappearances on the list. In 1992, there were no additions made by the FBI to the list, for the second time in its history. As before, spots on the list were occupied by fugitives who had been listed in prior years, and still remained at large. The list includes (in FBI list appearance sequence order):

1990–1999

End of the decade
As the decade closed, the following were still at large as the Ten Most Wanted Fugitives:

FBI directors in the 1990s
William S. Sessions (1987–1993)
Floyd I. Clarke (1993)
Louis J. Freeh (1993–2001)

References

External links
Current FBI Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives

1990s in the United States
Grünewald (Luxembourg)

The Grünewald () is a forest in central Luxembourg, most of which is owned by the national government.  Grünewald stretches through the communes of Niederanven, Steinsel, and Walferdange; the centre of the forest is situated  north-east of central Luxembourg City.  As a result of its proximity to Luxembourg's capital city, it is a popular destination for tourism, leisure, and hospitality.  Within the Grünewald are the sources of the Black Ernz and the White Ernz.

History
The Grünewald is held in great affection by the Luxembourgish people, dating as it goes back from  the 1900 formation of the country in the 1840s.  In 1846, the government proposed selling the 6.69 square kilometres (1650 acres) remaining of the forest to raise money for economic development.  The forest was bought by Baron Ziegesar for 530,000 Dutch guilders, and presented to Grand Duke William II.  In grand ducal possession, the Grünewald's territory was expanded greatly by a series of acquisitions.

In 1890, however, the end of the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg meant the owner of the Grünewald was no longer the Luxembourgish sovereign, but Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.  The following year Grand Duke Adolphe bought the forest, by now 24.43 km2 (6,037 acres) in size, from the Dutch crown for 2,788,798 francs.  Over the following 35 years, the territory was augmented further by a series of separate purchases; during the same period, some areas of the Grünewald were sold off.

Due to financial hardship at the height of the Great Depression, in 1934, Grand Duchess Charlotte sold much of the Grünewald, together with Berg Castle, to the Luxembourgian government.  Of the total price tag for the two properties of 40 M francs, 20 M was denoted for the Grünewald; this was seen to have undervalued the forest (as it did the castle), as it had been assessed by the government as being worth 25 M francs. The sale included 7.76 km2 (1,920 acres) of the forest, leaving 10 km2 (2,500 acres) in the hands of the Grand Duchess.  Urban legend has it that Charlotte's husband, Prince Félix, lost the Grünewald at a casino, but this is false; the revenue went to pay for the upkeep of the grand-ducal household, and was not spent on personal consumption, let alone gambling losses.

Since 1934, the size of the Grünewald has fallen, mostly as a result of expansion of Luxembourg City and the construction of numerous roads in and around the area.

Gallery

Footnotes

External links 

Niederanven
Walferdange
Steinsel
Geography of Luxembourg
Forests of Luxembourg
Fingig

Fingig (  ) is a small town in the commune of Käerjeng, in western Luxembourg.  , the town has a population of 506.  Nearby is the source of the Eisch.

References

External links

Käerjeng
Towns in Luxembourg
List of former parliamentary constituencies in Essex

Below is a list of former parliamentary constituencies in Essex and details of them. These details include their modern equivalent, date of existence and any other relevant information.

Former Seats 1983-1997

Colchester North
Modern Equivalent and successor: Colchester and North Essex
Predecessor: Colchester
Elections fought: 1983, 1987, 1992
Type of seat: Conservative safe
Member(s) of Parliament: 
Antony Buck (1983 - 1992), Conservative
Bernard Jenkin (1992 - 1997), Conservative

Colchester South and Maldon
Modern Equivalent and successor: Maldon and East Chelmsford
Predecessor: Maldon
Elections fought: 1983, 1987, 1992
Type of seat: Conservative safe
Member(s) of Parliament: John Wakeham (1983 - 1997), Conservative

Rochford
Modern Equivalent and successor: Rayleigh
Predecessor: South East Essex
Elections fought: 1983, 1987, 1992
Type of seat: Conservative safe
Member(s) of Parliament: Michael Clark (1983 - 1997), Conservative

Southend East
Modern Equivalent and successor: Rochford and Southend East
Elections fought: 1918 to 1992
Type of seat: Conservative safe
Member(s) of Parliament: Henry Channon (1983 - 1997), Conservative

Former Seats 1955-1974

Billericay
Modern Equivalent: Billericay and Brentwood and Ongar
Successor: Brentwood and Ongar
Elections fought: 1950 to 1970
Type of seat: Conservative safe (1950s) and marginal (1960s and 1970s)
Member(s) of Parliament:
Richard Body (1955 - 1959), Conservative
Edward Gardner (1959 - 1966), Conservative
Eric Moonman (1966 - 1970), Labour
Robert McCrindle (1970 - 1974), Conservative

Chigwell
Modern Equivalent and successor: Epping Forest
Elections fought: 1955 to 1970
Type of seat: Conservative
Member(s) of Parliament: John Biggs-Davison (1955 - 1974), Conservative

Epping
Modern Equivalent and successor: Epping Forest and Harlow
Elections fought: 1885 to 1970
Type of seat: Conservative marginal (bellwether constituency)
Member(s) of Parliament:
Graeme Bell Finlay (1955 - 1964), Conservative
Stanley Newens (1964 - 1970), Labour
Norman Tebbit (1970 - 1974), Conservative

Parliamentary constituencies in Essex (historic)
Former parliamentary constituencies
Swift Australian Co (Pty) Ltd v Boyd Parkinson

Swift Australian Co (Pty) Ltd v Boyd Parkinson, was a case decided in the High Court of Australia regarding the scope of the trade and commerce power in section 51(i) of the Constitution.

Background

Swift (the appellant) was a company incorporated in Queensland which conducted a business in the meat and meat exporting trade in that state and elsewhere. The company owned a building in Maryborough where it conducted a number of operations including the killing and treatment of poultry. It was registered under the Commonwealth Commerce (Meat Export) Regulations made under the Customs Act 1901. It was registered as an establishment at which a long list of operations was allowed to take place, including the "Slaughtering, chilling, freezing and storage of poultry for export". While Swift was in possession of a Commonwealth licence for the production and export of poultry, it did not have the relevant state licence for the same purpose, as mandated under the Poultry Industry Acts, 1946 to 1959 of the State of Queensland. Swift was subsequently convicted by a Court of Petty Sessions for an offence against such a regulation.

Decision

Swift argued that the Queensland Acts were invalid because they were inconsistent with a Commonwealth Act legislating the same matter. Specifically, the Court had to ascertain whether the Commonwealth Act intended to "cover the field", and include the regulation of all meat exporters.

The critical issue before the Court was the nature of Swift's business, which included the production of meat for both export and domestic consumption. Did the Commonwealth legislation intend to cover the mixed nature of the business? The Court decided in the negative, distinguishing the case from O'Sullivan v Noarlunga Meat Ltd, where all of the meat produced was exported. The High Court held that the Commonwealth did not intend to cover a mixed operation and that the law only covered the export part of the business. Hence, Swift required both a state and a Commonwealth licence.

Owen J dissented, holding the Commonwealth did intend to regulate mixed premises. Owen J argued the Court had to consider whether the trade and commerce power allowed the Commonwealth to legislate in this manner. In order for the Commonwealth to make effective its conditions and regulations in an industry, with an objective procedure for export, then it must have the power to regulate abattoirs where there is a mixed operation.

See also 

 Section 51(i) of the Australian Constitution
 Australian constitutional law

References 

 Winterton, G. et al. Australian federal constitutional law: commentary and materials, 1999. LBC Information Services, Sydney.

High Court of Australia cases
1962 in Australian law
Australian constitutional law
Trade and commerce power in the Australian Constitution cases
1962 in case law