alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Limón International Airport

Limón International Airport ()  in Limón, Costa Rica, is one of the four international airports in that country.

Puerto Limón and the southern Caribbean area towns of Cahuita, Puerto Viejo, Manzanillo and Gandoca, as well as the indigenous communities of Bri Bri, Hone Creek, Carbon 1 and 2, Shiroles and Suretka are all within two hours of the airport by ground transportation.

Although labelled as an international airport, its current passenger flights are only domestic. Nature Air, when it was last active, flew only charter flights to Limón. SANSA Airlines flies charter flights upon request from San José's Juan Santamaria International Airport.

The Limon non-directional beacon (Ident: LIO) is located  northwest of the airport. The Limon VOR/DME (Ident: LIO) is located on the field.

History
The airport re-opened on 1 July 2006 after being closed nearly 20 years for domestic flights. It is the primary airport serving the Caribbean side of Costa Rica.

The Presidency Ministry announced in June 2011 that Sansa Airlines would begin regular scheduled flights four times a week to Limón Airport, beginning in July and costing ₡30,000–₡75,000 ($60–$150), to increase tourism to Limón Province.

There are plans to modernize the airport with a new passenger terminal that reflects the local culture as well as being environmentally friendly.

The landing area will be expanded from 10 meters wide to 18 meters, and up to 1137 meters in length.

Airlines and destinations

See also
 Transport in Costa Rica
 List of airports in Costa Rica

References

External links 
 OpenStreetMap - Limón
 Sansa
 
 Airport photographs

Airports in Costa Rica
Buildings and structures in Limón Province
MotoMaster

MotoMaster is the in-house line of automotive products sold exclusively at Canadian Tire stores.  MotoMaster products ranged from oil filters and air filters, to MotoMaster branded tires. As of 2011, MotoMaster was the most popular replacement tire brand in Canada, with 13% market share by unit volume of the passenger replacement tire market and 10% market share by unit volume of the light truck replacement tire market.

MotoMaster has its own sub-brands to distinguish premium products such as "Eliminator" which distinguished premium products from their less expensive lines for items like automotive batteries, booster packs and battery charges.  The 'Rough Rider' light truck tire sub-brand was replaced with 'Total Terrain' in recent years.  'Formula 1' was created initially to push their synthetic lines but expanded with the disappearance of other lines into conventional, diesel, marine, transmission and power steering oils as well as a number of other gear oils.  Despite the expansion, MotoMaster's Supreme sub-brand continues to exist as an entry level oil product.  The 'Mastercraft' sub-brand is their mid-level tool-line, such as screw drivers and socket sets while 'Mastercraft Maximum' is their premium tool brand.  JobMate is a rebranded product line for entry-level tools sold by Canadian Tire.

The MotoMaster line has shrunk somewhat in recent years as the store has moved towards brand name products.  For example, in early 2003, the line of MotoMaster spark plugs were fully discontinued in favour of carrying only brand names such as Champion, NGK, AC Delco, and Bosch.  In 2004, the Formula 1 line of oil filters was discontinued, and in 2002, the 'Motomaster 60' line of batteries was replaced with the more generic 'Sure Start'.  One reason for the gradual reduction of the MotoMaster line is the existence of the PartSource chain, of which 63 locations are fully owned and operated by the Canadian Tire Corporation as of May 2007.  Though these stores carry many of the same products and share much of their supply chain, Part Source operates at arm's length from Canadian Tire but shares some backoffice operations.

Although the MotoMaster name remains on a wide variety of tires, the selection has shrunk recently.  In 2004, MotoMaster discontinued the Sentinel A/S and Touring 160 tires leaving the brand with the Touring AW/H and SE2 lines.  MotoMaster dropped their Performance line of tires and Canadian Tire no longer has a specific Premium Tire category having folded it into the Touring categories.

Some regard MotoMaster as an entry level line of tires despite the tires being produced for Canadian Tire by larger companies such as Michelin (SE2), Cooper (SE3, Winter Edge) and BF Goodrich. Some tires such as Goodyear Nordic winter tires are exclusive to Canadian Tire but not marketed under the MotoMaster umbrella.

References

Auto parts suppliers of Canada
Canadian Tire
Store brands
Annular ligament of radius

The annular ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers that encircles the head of the radius, and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna.

Per Terminologia Anatomica 1998, the spelling is "anular", but the spelling "annular" is frequently encountered. Indeed, the most recent version of Terminologia Anatomica (2019) uses "annular" as the preferred English spelling.

Anatomy
The annular ligament is attached by both its ends to the anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch of the ulna, together with which it forms the articular surface that surrounds the head and neck of the radius. The ligament is strong and well defined, yet its flexibility permits the slightly oval head of the radius to rotate freely during pronation and supination.

The head of the radius is wider than the bone's neck, and, because the annular ligament embraces both, the radial head is "trapped" inside the ligament which thus acts to prevent distal displacement of the radius. It helps to stabilise the proximal radial head, and the radioulnar joint.

Superiorly, the ligament is supported by attachments to the radial collateral ligament and the fibrous capsule of the elbow joint. Inferiorly, a few fibres attached to the neck of the radius support a fold of the synovial membrane without interfering with the movements at the joint.

The fibrocartilage on the upper part of the ligament is continuous with the hyaline cartilage of the radial notch. At the posterior attachment the ligament widens to reach above and below the radial notch.

A thickened band which extends from the inferior border of the annular ligament below the radial notch to the neck of the radius is known as the quadrate ligament.

Clinical significance

Children who have not finished fusing their proximal radial epiphyseal plate may suffer dislocations of this joint, called pulled elbow or Nursemaid's elbow. This frequently happens when parents sharply jerk their children by their arms, e.g. the act of grabbing a child away from traffic.

Additional images

References

External links
 

Ligaments of the upper limb
Switch (Mexican magazine)

Switch (stylized in all caps) is a Mexican online music magazine. It was founded in the 1990s in print and published by Editorial Premiere. However, the magazine stopped circulating new issues after February 2011. The final cover featured singer Max Cavalera of Cavalera Conspiracy.

After 12 years, Switch revived in a digital format in May 2023.

It is the only Mexican music magazine to be awarded at an international level by the Society of Publication Designers (SPD).

History 
The magazine was founded in the 1990s by Benjamín Salcedo, Xavier Velasco, and Fernando Rivera Calderón. The magazine primarily focused on rock music in its beginning, but the magazine shifted focus to include additional genres at different stages of its operations.

After closing in 2011, it returned to the online format in May 2023.

References

External links
(in Spanish) Official website
 Official website (before 2011)

2011 disestablishments in Mexico
Defunct magazines published in Mexico
Magazines with year of establishment missing
Magazines disestablished in 2011
Magazines published in Mexico
Monthly magazines published in Mexico
Music magazines
Rock music mass media
Spanish-language magazines
Syd Lieberman

Sydney Lieberman (1944 – May 12, 2015) was a noted American storyteller who began performing professionally in 1982.  He was born in Chicago.

He was a frequent performer at the National Storytelling Festival in Jonesborough, Tennessee. In 2007, Lieberman became the first professional storyteller in the United States to make all tracks from his previously released 14 CDs and cassettes available as a free download from his website via a Creative commons license (by-nc-nd). He died after a stroke in Evanston, Illinois in 2015.

Commissions 
Lieberman was known for his ability to write and tell the story behind historical events. He created performances commissioned by the city of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, the Smithsonian Institution (for the National Air and Space Museum), Van Andel Museum Center, NASA, and Historic Philadelphia.

 Twelve Wheels on Mars
In late 2003, NASA and the International Storytelling Center commissioned Lieberman to tell the story of the Mars Exploration Mission. He interviewed the principal scientists and engineers involved in the project, and was present in 2004 at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, to witness the historic landing. Lieberman's story introduces the people involved in the mission and depicts their emotions they felt as they built and sent two rovers on a seven-month, 40,000,000-mile trip to Mars.

References

External links
 Syd Lieberman's website
 Syd Lieberman biography at August House
 Syd Lieberman - Telling your Family’s Stories.  One hour audio interview on the Art of Storytelling with Brother Wolf Show

1944 births
American male writers
American storytellers
2015 deaths
Arena Massacre

The Arena Massacre or Arena Uprising took place on 1 December 1699 in Trinidad at the mission of San Francisco de los Arenales, east Trinidad. It resulted in the death of several hundred Amerindians, Roman Catholic priests connected with the mission of San Francisco de los Arenales, the Spanish Governor José de León y Echales and all but one member of his party.

Amerindians tied to the Church's encomienda at the mission at Arena revolted, killing the priests and desecrating the church. They then ambushed the governor and his party, who were on their way to visit the church. Among those killed in the governor's party was Fr. Juan Mazien de Sotomayor, O.P., missionary priest to the Nepuyo villages of Cuara, Tacarigua and Arouca. One member of the governor's party managed to escape the attackers and returned to San Jose where he raised the alarm.

Aftermath
The rebels hastily buried the bodies of the monks, threw the governor's body into the river and headed for the coast.  They were pursued by the Spaniards, who overtook them at Comcal and drove them to Cocal.  Many dived into the sea in preference to being captured.
Eighty-four rebels were captured and sixty-one of them were shot.  The surviving indigenes were interrogated via torture. Many of the tortured revealed that they were often beaten by the priests for not attending church services. The twenty-two identified as ringleaders were hanged on 14 January 1700 at San José de Oruña, the capital of the colony, and their dismembered bodies displayed. The women of the tribe were distributed among the Spanish households as slaves.

Miracles
In April 1701 a party set out to recover the bodies of the Capuchin monks.  According to the official history of the Capuchins, written by Fr. Mateo de Anguiano in 1704, the ground was still wet with fresh blood, and the bodies of the monks were uncorrupted, bleeding from their wounds when they were moved.  The bodies were taken to the main church where they lay in state for nine days.

In 1885 Dominican Fr. Cothonay claimed to have found the site of the Mission of San Francisco de los Arenales. In addition to physical evidence he cited Amerindian traditions that on Holy Thursday and Good Friday every year, "remarkable things happened" and some claimed to have heard voices, talking and singing, a priest saying Mass and people praying.

References

Further reading
 P. J. Buissink; Historical Society of Trinidad and Tobago, Documents relating to the massacre of the governor, Don José de Leon y Echales, other officials and missionaries at San Francisco de la Arena, by Indians, on 1st December, 1699, Trinidad and Tobago, A. L. Rhodes, 1938.
 Anthony de Verteuil: Martyrs and Murderers: Trinidad, 1699. Litho Press, 1995. .

1699 in the Caribbean
1690s in the Spanish West Indies
Conflicts in 1699
Trinidad (island)
Massacres in Trinidad and Tobago
Spanish period of Trinidad and Tobago
Massacres in 1699
Mercury My

The (my) mercury Concept (sometimes known as the Mercury My) is a concept car that was created by Mercury. The my mercury was first introduced at the 1999 North American International Auto Show. The my mercury was designed by J Mays, the same designer of the Volkswagen New Beetle. This might also explain why the my mercury's curved roofline resembles the New Beetle's. The assembly of the Mercury My concept car was made in Pretoria, South Africa.

Design
The my mercury features suicide-style doors that are center-opening. It also features two amber glass panels. The my mercury also sports a center console that holds a trackball which controls the sound system, climate controls and integrated global positioning system that is displayed on a screen mounted in the center. The entire my mercury looks like neither a car, truck, nor an SUV; it was a foreshadowing of the CUV cross-over segment to follow in the early part of the next decade.

References

My
Concept cars
Honda Z50R

The Honda Z50R is a motorcycle produced by Honda, in the Honda Z series family of minibikes. It began production in 1979 as Honda's answer to the increasing demand for mini dirt bikes to be used on the track, as opposed to their traditional trail bike used more for leisure, such as the Z50A and Z50J. 

In 1986 Honda produced a "Special Edition" all chrome dealer model of the Z50R which they called the Z50RD. The RD had similar specs, but it was almost all chrome and polished, with red grips and seat.

The Z50R quickly evolved into a light-weight mini racing motorcycle until 1999, when it was replaced by the Honda XR50R in 2000.

See also
 List of scooter manufacturers
 Minibike
 Pocketbike
 Pit bike

References

Z50R
Motorcycles introduced in 1979
Minibikes
1967 introductions
Shaheedullah and Stereotypes

Shaheedullah and Stereotypes is the debut solo studio album by Ali Shaheed Muhammad better known as a member of A Tribe Called Quest. It features the single "Banga". The album is now out of print and is currently the only solo studio album released by the rapper.

Reception

Del F. Cowie of Exclaim! said Muhammad had made "a confident step into solo territory" with Shaheedullah and Stereotypes. On the other hand, John Bush of AllMusic called the album "a troublesome record" while Dave Heaton of PopMatters said the album overall was "too run-of-the-mill".

Track listing
 Social Reform – 1:40
 Lord Can I Have This Mercy – (featuring Chip-Fu) – 3:11 
 Industry/Life – 3:05 
 Tight – (featuring Kay Jay) – 4:39 
 All Right (Aight)/Interlude – 4:04 
 Put Me On – (featuring Stokley Williams) – 5:13 
 Honey Child – 3:30 
 Family – (featuring Kay Jay) – 4:20 
 (They Can't) Define Our Love – (featuring Sy Smith) – 3:55 
 Banga – (featuring Stokley Williams) – 4:20 
 Part of the Night  – (featuring Sy Smith) – 4:23
 From DJs 2 Musicians To... – 2:22
 U Suckers – 3:05
 Matches – Don't Play!!! – 3:58
 All Night  – (featuring Wallace Gary) – 2:53
 I Declare – 4:18
 Elevated Orange – 4:48

Charts

References

2004 debut albums
Ali Shaheed Muhammad albums
Rykodisc albums
Ghanche District

The Ghanche District () is a district of Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the eastern-most district of Gilgit-Baltistan. It is the coldest place within Pakistan as it is situated to the "third pole", with temperatures reaching below -20 °C in the winter. The Khaplu Valley and the Hushe Valley form the gateway for the great Baltoro Muztagh, the subrange of the Karakoram Mountains that includes the mighty peaks of K2 (8,611 m), Broad Peak (8,047 m), the Gasherbrums (8,000+ m) and Masherbrum (7,821 m),all of which are also included in the Skardu District).

Etymology 
The word "gang" in the Balti language means "glacier", and '"che"  is used as a superlative term to indicate "an abundance". The word is used by the residents of the Khaplu Valley in the name of the Ghanche Nallah, a seasonal stream which flows through the town of Khaplu during the summer season. When the Pakistani government elevated the status of the Ghanche Tehsil to that of a district, the people of the valley willingly selected the name "Ghanche".

Administration 

The Ghanche District is divided into Six tehsils:

 Khaplu Tehsil
 Daghoni Tehsil
 Masherbrum Tehsil
 Chorbat Tehsil
 Ghowari Tehsil
 Keris Tehsil

The six tehsils are divided into 56 union councils, with each council containing many villages.  Four villages of the Chorbat Valley were lost in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Those were the villages of Chalunka, Thang, Turtuk, and Tyakshi. . Some of them are given in the chart below.

Religion 

The majority (almost 95%) of the people living in Ghanche District belong to Shia Islam, with the rest belonging to the Noorbukshi Sunni sect. A religious leader locally called a "bowa" has a very important place in Ghanche society.

Tourism 
Ghanche is one of the most visited tourist destination in Pakistan. Famous places to visit in Ghanche are:

 Barah valley
 Keris Valley View Point (Chanma)
 Aastana Mir Mukhtar Keris (Tomb)
 Yabgo palace Keris
 Jerba So Keris (Lake)
 Khashal Agri Tourism Park Ghowari
 Dongsa Rock View Point Kuro 
 Balghar Ranga

 Thally Broq

 Crystal Lake Soga
 Saling Spangtoq (Trout Fish)

 Chaqchan Mosque Khaplu
 Yabgo Palace Khaplu(Sereena Palace)

 Thoqsi Khar Khaplu
 Haldi Coneas
 Hushe Valley (K2 Gateway)
 Machulu Valley
 Mashbrum View Point
 Hot Spring Kondus
 Gyari Yadgar e Shuhada
 Frano Border (Last Village Of Pak/Indian Border)

Education 

According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017, Ghanche is ranked 29th out of 141 districts in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked 118th out of 155.

See also

Districts of Gilgit–Baltistan
Constituency GBLA-24
2012 Gayari Sector avalanche
Noorbakhshia
Saltoro Ridge

References

 
Districts of Gilgit-Baltistan
J and Friends Sing and Chant for Amma

J and Friends Sing And Chant For Amma is an album-length compact disc by American guitarist/singer/songwriter and Dinosaur Jr bandleader J Mascis. The CD consists of several devotional songs composed and/or adapted by Mascis and dedicated to Hindu religious leader Mata Amritanandamayi, or Ammachi, of whom Mascis is a devoted follower. Recorded during a banner year for the alternative icon, Sing and Chant For Amma was self-released by Mascis on his own Baked Goods label during a break in the Dinosaur Jr reunion tour.  Although there are no production or studio credits on the album, the CD is presumed to have been produced by Mascis and recorded at his own Bob's Place Studio in Amherst, Massachusetts.

The proceeds from the album are being donated to tsunami relief and other efforts Ammachi's organization is spearheading.

Mascis had previously written the song "Ammaring" about Ammachi, and recorded it on the first J Mascis and the Fog album More Light.

Track listing
"Please Remember That I'm Here"
"Help Me Amma"
"Lokah"
"Take Me Home"
"Amma What Now?"
"Heavy Metal Ai Giri Nandini"

Personnel
J Mascis – vocals, acoustic and electric guitars
 "Devadas" Andrew Labrecque – vocals, drums, doumbek
Nina – dholak
Tony – vocals, flute
Akshay – vocals on "Heavy Metal Ai Giri Nandini"
Mahesh – drums on "Heavy Metal Ai Giri Nandini"

References

 

J Mascis albums
Baked Goods Records albums
2005 albums
Stronghold (novel)

Stronghold is a 1991 fantasy novel by American author Melanie Rawn. It is the first book of the Dragon Star trilogy.

Plot summary

After the trials and tribulations faced with the High Prince and others, Rohan, Sioned, Pol and Andry along with the rest of their families and friends, must defend their land against a large army of barbarians. No one knows where this army comes from or why they are attacking the Continent - or focusing on the Desert, High Prince Rohan's beloved homeland.

Rohan and Pol are forced to flee across the Desert as they are pursued by the invaders. The Dorvali are forced to flee their island, but Ludhill, Prince Chadric's heir, and his wife stay on the island and form a resistance. Prince Kostas of Syr revels in leading his army and manages to secure his princedom. Rohannon defends Kierst after the death of Prince Volog, and manages to fend off the invaders by having the army pad their armor to look like women. Andry protects Goddess Keep by using a ros'alath, a sorcerous wall, which terrorizes and kills those who touch it.

As Rohan and Pol retreat across the Desert, they discover the enemy's fear of dragons. For a while the Desert forces are able to outsmart the enemy, but at the Battle of Stronghold the High Warlord arrives with his elite forces. The defenders of the Desert lose the battle, and High Prince Rohan dies as his beloved Stronghold burns.

Reviews
A short review by Jackie Cassada in Library Journal recommends the novel, praising its "vivid" settings and "compelling" characterizations. A critical review by Sybil Steinberg in Publishers Weekly questions whether the book stands alone from the Dragon Prince series, and describes the opening as "slow and confusing".

References

Dragon Prince series
Novels by Melanie Rawn
1991 American novels
DAW Books books
Books with cover art by Michael Whelan
Phycomyces

Phycomyces is a genus of fungus in the Zygomycota phylum. They are known for their strong phototropism response and helical growth of the sporangium. The best studied species is Phycomyces blakesleeanus.

Asexual reproduction
Phycomyces can reproduce via extension of mycelia, or by production of spores either asexually or sexually.  The asexual cycle includes the formation of spore containing sporangia borne on the top of sporangiophores that may extend 10 to 15 cm above the surface of the fungal colony from which they emerged.  The long filamentous sporangiophores respond to divergent environmental signals including light, gravity, wind, chemicals and adjacent objects. The sporangia contain vegetative spores with one to six haploid nuclei.  These spores when dispersed can establish new colonies.

Sexual reproduction
Phycomyces have two mating types that are indistinguishable morphologically.  The sexual cycle is thought to occur by the following steps.  Two hyphae of different mating type encounter each other, and their tips undergo a septation event to produce gametangia.  Gametangia are haploid multinuclear cells equivalent to gametes.  The two gametangia fuse to form an immature zygospore.  Initially the developing zygospore contains thousands of nuclei contributed by the gametangia.  During the course of zygospore maturation and dormancy, lasting several months, most nuclei are degraded.  It is thought that ordinarily two surviving nuclei, one from each parent, fuse to form a diploid cell which then undergoes meiosis to form haploid meiotic products. These then reproduce by mitotic divisions leading to the formation of a sporangium structure (germosporangium) that develops out from the zygospore.  The germosporangium contains spores (germspores) that have one to six haploid nuclei like those in the vegetative sporangium.

References

External links

    Phycomyces web site.

Zygomycota genera
Road Rules: USA – The First Adventure

Road Rules: USA – The First Adventure is the inaugural season of the MTV reality television series Road Rules. The show featured five young people traveling the country, completing various tasks to get their next clue to their next mission.

Cast

Task list

Episodes

After filming
In 2015, Kit Hoover and Mark Long reunited on Access Hollywood for the 20 years anniversary of the series.

In 2020, Mark Long started asking his followers if they'd be interested in seeing former cast members of The Challenge coming together for a new version of the series. After his idea went viral, he announced a partnership with Bunim/Murray Productions to further develop his project. The Challenge: All Stars eventually premiered on Paramount+ on April 1, 2021. The series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on November 11, 2021. Long also partnered up with Objective Media Group to develop a cooking competition series. In 2022, he competed on the 24th season of Worst Cooks in America.

The Challenge

Note: Mark Long served as a co-host on Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Battle of the Seasons

References

Road Rules
English-language television shows
1995 American television seasons
Andreas Ihle

Andreas Ihle (born 2 June 1979 in Bad Dürrenberg, Saxony-Anhalt) is a German sprint canoer who has competed since 1997. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he has won three medals with a gold (K-2 1000 m: 2008), a silver (K-4 1000 m: 2004) and a bronze (K-2 1000 m: 2012).

Ihle also won six medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two gold (K-2 1000 m: 2010, K-4 1000 m: 2001), three silvers (K-2 1000 m: 2005, 2006; K-4 1000 m: 2002), and a bronze (K-4 1000 m: 2003).

Ihle is a member of the Magdeburg club. Ihle measures at 1.84 m / 6'0 tall and weighs 78 kg / 172 lbs.

References

External links 
 
 
 

1979 births
Living people
People from Saalekreis
Canoeists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Canoeists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
German male canoeists
Olympic canoeists for Germany
Olympic gold medalists for Germany
Olympic silver medalists for Germany
Olympic medalists in canoeing
Olympic bronze medalists for Germany
ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in kayak
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Saxony-Anhalt
Adolf Bartels



Adolf Bartels (15 November 1862 – 7 March 1945) was a pastor, German journalist and poet.  

Bartels was born at Wesselburen, in Holstein, and educated at Leipzig and Berlin.  An artisan's son, Bartels studied literature.  After 1895 a free-lance journalist in Weimar, he gained a reputation as a Hebbel scholar.  In 1897 he wrote a history of German literature that was marked by racist evaluations and rabid antisemitism; it became a pioneering work for National Socialist literary reviews.  According to Bartels, even authors whose names sounded Jewish, who wrote for the "Jewish press", or who were friendly with Jews were "contaminated with Jewishness".  The noblest task of völkisch cultural policy would therefore be a radical de-Jewing of the arts, and thus the "salvation of National Socialist Germany" (; 1924). Bartels led a successful campaign to prevent the unveiling of a statue of Heinrich Heine in 1906. After World War One, Bartels' work experienced an upsurge in popularity, with his followers forming the Bartelsbund (Bartels Society) to promote his ideas; the Bartelsbund later merged with
Erich Ludendorff's Tannenbergbund group. Bartels' work achieved "quasi-official" status in Nazi Germany, and Hitler personally awarded Bartels the Adlerschild medal, Nazi Germany's highest civilian honour, in 1937.

Bartels died in Weimar on 7 March 1945.  Bartels's further literary productions included Die Dithmarscher (1898), a historical novel based on his native region advocating ruralism, which sold over 200,000 copies by 
the 1920s, and Martin Luther (1903).

Works

Poetic and dramatic works
 Gedichte (1889)
 Dichterleben (1890)
 Aus der meerumschlungenen Heimat (1895)
 Der dumme Teufel, a mock epic (1896)
 Martin Luther, a trilogy (1903)

Criticism and literary history
 Friedrich Gessler (1892)
 Die deutsche Dichtung der Gegenwart (1897)
 Geschichte der deutschen Litteratur (two volumes, 1901-02)
 Adolf Stern (1905)
 Heinrich Heine (1906)
 Gerhart Hauptmann (1906)
 Deutsche Literatur. Einsichten und Aussichten (1907)
 Deutsches Schrifttum (1911)

Notes

References
 Fuller, Steven Nyole. Nazis' Literary Grandfather: Adolf Bartels and Cultural Extremism, 1871-1945, Peter Lang Pub Inc, 1996 ().
 Rees, Philip. Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890, 1991, ().
 Christian Zentner, Friedemann Bedürftig (1991). The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich''.  Macmillan, New York.

External links
 

1862 births
1945 deaths
People from Wesselburen
People from the Duchy of Holstein
Nazi Party members
German poets
Writers from Schleswig-Holstein
German male journalists
German journalists
German male poets
Editorial Premiere

Editorial Premiere was a Mexican magazine publishing company. The company's magazines focused on niche topics with the goal of informing, entertaining and educating readers.

In December 2010, Editorial Premiere ceased operations and the magazines Cine Premiere and Inversionista were acquired by publisher Impresiones Aéreas SA de CV

Publications
 Cine Premiere
 SWITCH
 Inversionista
 MAX
 FHM Mexico
 Eve

References

External links
  Official Website

Premiere
Amjad Bobby

Amjad Bobby (Punjabi, ; 1942  15 April 2005) was an acclaimed Pakistani music composer and director.

Early life and career
He was born in Amritsar, British India in 1942. His father wanted him to be a clerk but he preferred to become a film music composer. His first film as a music director was Aik Nagina (1969) and the song "Dil nahi toe koi sheesha koi pathar hi milay" in Ahmed Rushdi's voice gained him some recognition.

"Initially, like all musicians, he achieved fame after struggling and assisted renowned musicians like A. Hameed, Nashad, Nisar Bazmi, Khwaja Khurshid Anwar and Rasheed Attre."  Amjad Bobby had little success in the decade of the 1970s. His first hit song was "Kajra lagana chor do, sawan ka rukh badal jaye ga", sung by great singer Mehdi Hassan for movie Ansoo Aur Sholay. Later he composed music of movie Aik Nagina with two super hit songs "Beena tera naam" and "Tere bin raha jaye naa".
The decade of the 1980s brought luck for Amjad Bobby and he gave many great film songs to the Pakistani film industry. His success continued till his death in 2005.

Death
Amjad Bobby died of cardiac arrest on 15 April 2005 in Lahore. His death was a big loss for Pakistani film music industry because Amjad Bobby was a composer who almost singlehandedly gave film music a new direction and brought much freshness into the film music in the 1990s, when it most needed it in Pakistan.

Awards and recognition
 Nigar Award for Best Music Director in film 'Kabhi Alwida Na Kehna' (1983)
 Nigar Award for film Ghunghat (1996)
 Nigar Award for film Deewane Tere Pyar Ke (1997)
 Nigar Award for film Yeh Dil Aap Ka Huwa (2002)
 He also received the 'Bolan Award' for best Music Composer for film Mujhe Jeene Do (1999).

Worked with many film playback singers
He had worked with singers from both Pakistan and India. He composed music for Ahmed Rushdi, Salma Agha, Akhlaq Ahmed, Ghulam Abbas, A Nayyar, Waris Baig, Shazia Manzoor, Humera Channa, Arshad Mehmood, Kumar Sanu, Udit Narayan, Alka Yagnik, Sonu Nigam, Kavita, Saira Nasim, Jaspinder Narula.

Special appearances as a live singer
At the Nigar Awards presentation, he sang a song from his movie 'Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa'. The song was originally sung by Arshad Mehmood, but due to his busy schedule, he could not come so Amjad Bobby sang in his place. He also sang in Javed Sheikh's movie Mushkil, and performed this song on stage several times.

Filmography as music composer

Film songs

See also
Javed Sheikh, directed "Mushkil", its music was composed by Amjad Bobby
Kabhi Pyar Na Karna, (2008) film, Amjad Bobby is the music composer

References

External links
 
Reviews
Review of "Yeh Dil Aap Ka Hua" on The Hot Spot online Archived music composed by Amjad Bobby

1942 births
2005 deaths
Punjabi people
Nigar Award winners
Pakistani composers
Pakistani film score composers
Pakistani musicians
Honda ZB50

The ZB50 is a  motorcycle produced by Honda belonging to its Z Series family of mini bikes. The ZB50 is very similar to the Monkey-R and Monkey-RT which were marketed only in Japan in 1987 and 1988.

The ZB50 was available in 1988 in the United States, Canada and western Europe. Only 3058 were produced for the US market as the bike proved too expensive to mass-produce. The ZB50 was offered as a street and trail alternative to the Z50R, which was geared more towards dirt-track riders. The ZB50 is characterized by a perimeter twin spar frame, giving it the appearance of a miniature sportbike.

Specifications

Model information 
The ZB50 is a street legal motorcycle, powered by a 4-stroke 49 cc overhead cam engine. Unlike the Z50R, the ZB50 engine features a roller bearing camshaft, an automatic cam chain tensioner, and a NGK CR6HS spark plug.[1]

The electrical system is 12 volt and the ignition is a solid state electronic CDI.[1]

The carburetor has stock settings of 1-3/4 turns out for the air screw, the jet needle is set at the 3rd groove from the top, the float level is 18 mm, and it has a #75 main jet.[1]

The transmission is 3-speed constant mesh, with a 3-up shift pattern, it uses a wet multi-plate centrifugal clutch, with the following gear ratios: 1st 3.272, 2nd 1.823, and 3rd 1.190. It has a primary reduction ratio of: 4.058, and a secondary reduction ratio of 2.6 via the chain drive (15 tooth front sprocket and 39 tooth rear sprocket).[1]

Canadian and U.S. versions differ by the speedometer units, where Canadian speedometers use metric units, and U.S. speedometers use English units [1]
The Western-Europe versions differ, accordingly to the country they are meant for with 
-headlight
-headlight brackets
-fenders
-tail
-plateholder(Netherlands)

References
1. 1988 Honda ZB50 Service Manual

ZB50
Minibikes
Motorcycles introduced in 1987
Vibe

Vibe, alternatively vibes, is short for vibration. A "vibe" is an emotional reaction to the aura or energy felt to belong to a person, place or thing.

Vibe may also refer to:

People
 DJ Vibe (born 1968), Portuguese DJ
 Lasse Vibe (born 1987), Danish footballer

Media
 Vibe (magazine), a magazine about music artists, actors and other entertainers
 Vibe (comics), a comic book character in the DC Comics universe

Music
 Naver VIBE, a South Korean music streaming service
 Vibe (album), a 1997 album by Caught in the Act
 The Vibe (album), a 2007 album by Lexington Bridge
 Vibe (band), a 2002 Korean musical group

Songs 
 "Vibe" (Zhané song), from the 1994 album Pronounced Jah-Nay
 "Vibe", by Finnish band The Rasmus from their 1998 album Hell of a Tester
 "Vibe On", a 2007 song by Australian singer Dannii Minogue from the album Neon Nights
 "Vibe (Tove Styrke song)", from the 2018 album Sway
 "Vibe", a 2020 song by Cookiee Kawaii
 "Vibe (Taeyang song)", featuring Jimin of BTS, from the 2023 extended play Down to Earth

Television
 Vibe (talk show), a 1997 American late night talk show
 Vibe (TV channel), a New Zealand television channel on SKY Network Television

Radio
 VIBE FM (Romania), a radio station in Romania
 KCHZ (95-7 The Vibe), a radio station in Ottawa, Kansas
 The Vibe 98.8, a fictional radio station from Grand Theft Auto IV
 CIBK-FM, a radio station in Calgary (2002-2010), now "98.5 Virgin Radio"
 ZFKV-FM, a radio station in the Cayman Islands (2001-2018), now Island FM
 Kiss (UK radio station) (Vibe 101), a radio station in the United Kingdom, now known as Kiss
 Kiss 105-108 (Vibe FM 105-108)), a defunct radio station in East of England
 CHRY-FM (VIBE 105.5), a radio station in Toronto, Ontario

Software
 ViBe, a software method for background extraction in moving images
 Novell Vibe, a web based document management and collaboration system
 VIBE, an educational product and learning management system

Other
 Ozone Vibe, a French paraglider design
 ViBE, a brand name for a Philips GoGear portable media player
Pontiac Vibe, a compact automobile sold by General Motors from 2002 to 2010

See also
 Vibes (disambiguation)
Vedborm, Sweden

Vedborm () is a small village or hamlet (depending on the definition) in the Borgholm Municipality of the island Öland, Sweden. Population (as of 2000): 63.

References 

Populated places in Borgholm Municipality
Öland
American Board of Plastic Surgery

The American Board of Plastic Surgery, Inc. was organized as a subsidiary of the American Board of Surgery in 1938. The American Board of Plastic Surgery, Inc. was given the status of a major specialty board in 1941. It is the one certifying body for Plastic and Reconstructive surgery recognised by the American Board of Medical Specialties.

Overview
ABPS certification has the following requirements:
Graduation from an accredited medical school
Completion of either:
at least three years of general surgery residency training
or a complete residency in neurological surgery, orthopaedic surgery, otolaryngology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, or urology.
Completion of plastic surgery residency training of at least two years
Passing comprehensive oral and written exams

Renewal of certification: Diplomates who received ABPS certification in 1995 or after must be renewed by  Maintenance of Certification (MOC) examination every 10 years. Diplomates who were Board Certified prior to 1995] are not required to renew by examination every 10 years. Board Certification certificates issued prior to 1995 have no expiration date.

References

External links
 

Surgical organizations based in the United States
Plastic surgery organizations
Medical and health organizations based in Pennsylvania
Organizations established in 1938
Utricularia nana

Utricularia nana  is a carnivorous plant of the Lentibulariaceae family and is the only species in the section Benjaminia. It is native to the South American countries of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guinea, Brazil and Paraguay. It grows in swampy ground by streams and wet sandy savanna, from sea level to 1,250 m. The plant flowers between January and June.

It is a small plant, with few filiform rhizoids, which bear numerous short papillose branches. Corolla yellow.

References

Carnivorous plants of South America
Plants described in 1838
nana
Victory Bridge

Victory Bridge may refer to:

 Victory Bridge (Yerevan), in Yerevan, Armenia
 Victory Bridge (New Jersey), in Middlesex County, New Jersey
 Victory Bridge (Florida), in Sneads, Florida
 Veresk Bridge, which was known in World War II as the "Bridge of Victory"
American Society of Plastic Surgeons

The American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) was founded in 1931. The society is composed of surgeons certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery or by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada who perform Plastic and Reconstructive surgery. ASPS comprises 92% of all board-certified plastic surgeons in the United States and has more than 11,000 plastic surgeons worldwide. ASPS publishes the plastic surgery journal, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

Research
ASPS runs The Plastic Surgery Foundation (The PSF), which supports research by ASPS members through grants, awards and scholarships. The foundation also funds educational research programs.

References

External links
 

Plastic surgery organizations
Surgical organizations based in the United States
Medical and health professional associations in Chicago
1931 establishments in the United States
Liban (disambiguation)

Liban is the French equivalent for Lebanon, especially in references dating to the French colonial rule of the country. It is also commonly used in official Lebanese publications and on Lebanese stamps. Liban () is also a Somali given name, meaning victorious.

Liban also may refer to:

Related to Lebanon
 Air Liban or Middle East Airlines, a Lebanese national airline
 Mont-Liban, the French name for Mount Lebanon, a mountain range in Lebanon 
 Télé Liban, a Lebanese public television network

Political divisions
 Mont-Liban, for the Mount Lebanon Governorate 
 Liban-Nord, North Governorate
 Liban-Sud, South Governorate

People

Given name
 Liban Abdi (born 1988), Norwegian football player of Somali origin
 Liban Abdi Egal, Somali entrepreneur and banker
 Liban Hussein, Canadian entrepreneur and businessman
 Liban Abdulahi, Dutch professional footballer
 Liban Yusuf Osman, Deputy Minister of Health Development of Somaliland

Surname
 Abdisalam Haji Ahmed Liban (fl. 2006–2018), Somali diplomat
 Taddasa Liban (fl. 1956), Ethiopian writer
 Mohammed Awale Liban (fl. 1954–1964, Somali scholar
 Mohamed Mooge Liibaan, a prominent Somali instrumentalist and vocalist
 Ahmed Mooge Liibaan, a prominent Somali instrumentalist and vocalist

Other uses
 Lí Ban (mermaid) or Liban, legendary Irish mermaid
 Libáň, a town in Czech Republic
 Liban (or Libán), a village in Suseni, Harghita, Romania
 Liben Zone, a zone in the Somali Region of Ethiopia

See also
 
 Li Ban (288–334), Chinese monarch
 Lí Ban, Celtic goddess
 Lebanon (disambiguation)
 Liben (disambiguation)
Priestley 11

The Priestley 11 are eleven law subjects required to be successfully completed for candidate status for admission into practice as a legal practitioner in Australia. They are named after the Law Admissions Consultative Committee (LACC, commonly known as the Priestley Committee as it was chaired by Lancelot John Priestley) which in 1992 determined the minimum academic study requirements for legal practice.  The Priestley 11 list is set out in LACC, Uniform Admission Rules 2015, Schedule 1.  A law degree or diploma will be recognised as a qualification for admission to practice only if every student has to study all of these subjects.  However, the subjects do not have to be taught separately:  it is sufficient if they are covered within the syllabus.

Priestley 11 subjects"Prescribed Areas of Knowledge"
 Administrative Law
 Civil Procedure
 Company Law
 Contracts
 Criminal Law and Procedure
 Equity (including Trusts)
 Ethics and Professional Responsibility
 Evidence
 Federal and State Constitutional Law
 Property
 Torts

Places offering Priestley 11

Every law school in Australia has a prescribed course of study that involves the Priestley 11. Laws schools need not make them discrete subjects unto themselves, (eg, the law school can integrate one or more subjections within other subjects offered, or they may offer the subjects under the header of a different name, or they may even split a mandatory Priestley 11 subject into two or three subjects).

Notes

External links
Law Admissions Consultative Committee, Uniform Admission Rules 2008 Schedule 1 (pp. 5–11) "Prescribed Areas of Knowledge".  Retrieved 23 July 2013.
Council of Legal Education (Victoria), Admission Requirements.  Retrieved 23 July 2013.

Legal education in Australia
Professional certification in law
Victory Bridge (Florida)

The Victory Bridge carries U.S. Route 90 (US 90) over the floodplain of the Apalachicola River in the Florida Panhandle, immediately below the Jim Woodruff Dam. It was originally built by the Masters and Mullen Construction Company out of Cleveland (Henry C. Masters and Claude F. Mullen). The original Victory Bridge, completed in 1922 at a cost of $1 million USD, is no longer used, having been replaced in 1994-1996 by a high-level bridge slightly upstream that carries the same name.

See also

References

U.S. Route 90
Transportation buildings and structures in Gadsden County, Florida
Transportation buildings and structures in Jackson County, Florida
Road bridges in Florida
Bridges over the Apalachicola River
Bridges of the United States Numbered Highway System
Bridges completed in 1996
Bridges completed in 1922
1996 establishments in Florida
1922 establishments in Florida
Skardu District

The Skardu District () is a district of Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. The Skardu District is bounded on the east by the Ghanche District, on the south by the Kharmang District, on the west by the Astore District, on the north-west by the Rondu District and on the north by the Shigar district.  The district headquarters is the town of Skardu, which is also the division headquarters.

Mountain peaks and glaciers

The highest peak in the Skardu District is K2 (8,611 m), which is the highest peak in Pakistan and its two dependent territories and is the second-highest peak in the world. The Baltoro Muztagh, the subrange of the Karakoram Mountains that includes the mighty peaks of K2 (8,611 m), Broad Peak (8,047 m), the Gasherbrums (8,000+ m), and Masherbrum (7,821 m), is located in the Skardu District. Askole is the last settlement in the district for all treks to Concordia (the confluence of the Baltoro Glacier and the Godwin-Austen Glacier). The Biafo Glacier and a major part of the Hispar Glacier are also located in the Skardu District.

Education

According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2015, the Skardu District is ranked 14th out of 148 districts in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked 89th out of 148 districts.

Deosai National Park

The Deosai Plateau is one of the highest plateaus in the world.
Skardu District shares the area of the Deosai National Park including Small Deosai, part of Gultari Skardu, and others with Astore District, which has a major portion.  The Deosai Plateau is the second- highest plateau in the world, after the Tibet Plateau.

Major towns

The major towns of Skardu District are:- Hussainabad, Sadpara, Gamba, Kowardo, Qomrah, Sermik, Chunda, Tandal, Thorgu, Narh, Gol, Koshmara, Atana, Rgya Yul, Sondus, Katpana, Shagharthang, Sok , Hoto, Shilla, Shigari Khurd, Shigari Bala ,Basho, Kachura and Skardu town areas including Olding, Khargrong, Sakmaidan, Yultar, Haji Gam, Hassan Colony, Manthal, Hargissa and Chumik.

Demography

People of the Skardu District are predominantly of the Shia sect of Islam, where 97% of the people are of the Shia sect, 2% are of the Noorbakshi sect, and 1% are of the Sunni sect.

Lakes

The main lakes in the district are:

 Kachura Lake
 Satpara Lake
 Shangrila Lake
 Sheosar Lake
 Snow Lake

Mountain passes

The Gondogoro Pass is located in the Skardu District.

See also

Geography of Gilgit–Baltistan

References

External links