alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Aspect ratio (disambiguation)

The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.

Aspect ratio may also refer to:

 Aspect ratio (aeronautics), the ratio of a wing's span to its mean chord
 Aspect ratio (image), the proportional relationship between an image's width and its height
 Display aspect ratio, the proportional relationship between a computer monitor's width and its height
 Pixel aspect ratio, a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel
 Automotive engine aspect ratio, controlled by variable-geometry turbochargers
John Taylor (architect)

Sir John Taylor, KCB, FRIBA (15 November 1833 in Warkworth, Northumberland – 30 April 1912 in Surbiton, Surrey) was a British architect working for the Office of Works.

Early life
The son of a joiner, Taylor first trained in the service of the Duke of Northumberland and under Anthony Salvin, who, from 1852, remodelled the duke's Alnwick Castle.

Office of Works
After working with the contractors George Smith & Co., Taylor entered the Office of Works in 1859. From 1866 to 1898 he served as surveyor of palaces and public building in London district.

Taylor's most active period as an architect began in 1879–80 with the construction of Bow Street Magistrates' Court which the listing entry describes as "dignified, eclectic Graeco-Roman with some slightly Vanbrughian details, rather in the Pennethorne manner." In 1883–84 he was a judge in the competition for the Admiralty and War Office buildings in Whitehall, and in 1886 added a new storey to Marlborough House.

In the 1880s, Taylor was involved in restructuring work in a number of London's museums. He was responsible for display fittings of the new Natural History Museum and built the White Wing of the British Museum from 1882 to 1884. From 1885 to 1887, Taylor designed and built the vestibule and central hall with staircase of the National Gallery, London, for which he is best known.

He was also involved in engineering projects such as the extension of the Thames Embankment at Millbank.

Consulting Architect
Highly regarded as a technical expert and planner of well-functioning buildings, Taylor remained attached to the Office of Works even after his retirement in 1898. As a consulting architect, he fulfilled the projects he had in hand.

Due to the death of its original architect William Young in 1900, Taylor, together with Young's son Clyde Francis Young, was given the task of completing the construction of the War Office building. He resigned from his post after the building's completion in 1906 but remained a member of the advisory committee on the new public buildings.

Honours and memberships
Taylor was well respected as an architect as well as a public servant.

He became a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1881, was a member of its council from 1899 to 1900 and served as vice-president 1905–06.

In recognition of his service, in 1895, Taylor was made Companion, and in 1897 Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath.

Private life
Taylor was a member of the Civil Service Rifles and a good shot, winning several competitions of the National Rifle Association. 
He was also a keen golfer, captain of the Royal Wimbledon Golf Club and, in 1887, a founder member of the Royal St George's Golf Club at Sandwich, Kent.

References

1833 births
1912 deaths
Architects from Northumberland
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
People from Amble
People from Warkworth, Northumberland
Towie, Aberdeenshire

Towie ([ˈtaʊ̯wiː];  "hole place") is a small hamlet in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, close to Alford and Lumsden, on the River Don.

One of the most notable features of Towie is its small primary school with nursery, which is located in the village itself.  As of September 2011, it had 22 pupils, before moving up to attend the Alford Academy. Towie also has a bowling club and a beautiful church with historic graveyard.

It is part of West Aberdeenshire (UK Parliament constituency).

The village was the seat of the branch of Clan Barclay named Barclay de Tolly.

In 1979 the telephone exchange at Glenkindie, just north of Towie, became the UK's first digital telephone exchange. As part of general developments towards digital telephony, small rural exchanges of this size were seen as candidates for solid-state exchanges as they might be more reliable than the previous electromechanical Strowger exchanges.

Notable persons 

 William Augustine Duncan (1811–1885), journalist, and Antipodean colonial official.  

 Major James Leith (VC) (1826–1869), buried in the churchyard.  

 Sir William MacGregor (1846–1919), a medical doctor, and the governor of several British colonies including Newfoundland (1904–1909) and Queensland (1909–1914).  He was born at Hillockhead in the parish, and after his death, buried with his parents in the village's churchyard.

See also 
 List of listed buildings in Towie

References

Villages in Aberdeenshire
Jim Metzler

Jim Metzler (born June 23, 1951) is a retired American actor. During a career that spanned over three decades, he appeared in numerous films and television series. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for his supporting role in the film Tex (1982).

Filmography

Films
Squeeze Play! (1979) - Second base
Four Friends (1981) - Tom
Tex (1982) - Mason McCormick
River's Edge (1986) - Mr. Burkewaite
The Christmas Star (1986) - Stuart Jameson
Hot to Trot (1988) - Boyd Osborne
976-EVIL (1988) - Marty Palmer
Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat (1989) - David
Old Gringo (1989) - Ron
Circuitry Man (1990) - Danner
Delusion (1991) - George O'Brien
One False Move (1992) - Dud Cole
Waxwork II: Lost in Time (1992) - Roger
A Weekend with Barbara und Ingrid (1992) - Danny Shaffer
Gypsy Eyes (1992) - Harry Noble
Plughead Rewired: Circuitry Man II (1994) - Danner
Children of the Corn III: Urban Harvest (1995) - William Porter
Cadillac Ranch (1996) - Travis Crowley
L.A. Confidential (1997) - City Councilman
A Gun, a Car, a Blonde (1997) - Richard / Rick Stone
St. Patrick's Day (1997) - Adam
Phantom Town (1999) - Dad
The Big Brass Ring (1999) - Pacxy Barragan
Bad City Blues (1999) - Luther Logan
What Matters Most (2001) - Alex
The Doe Boy (2001) - Dr. Moore
What Matters Most (2001) - Reverend Worth
Megiddo: The Omega Code 2 (2001) - Breckenridge
Under the Influence (2002) - Geary
The United States of Leland (2003) - Cemetery Reporter
Wiener Dog Nationals (2013) - Mr. Fleet

Television
Princess Daisy (1983, TV Movie) - John
North and South, Books 1 & 2 (1985) - James Huntoon
Beauty and the Beast (1988-1989) - Steven Bass
Murder by Night (1989, TV movie) - Kevin Carlisle
Murder, She Wrote (1991) - Tom Benzinger
Diagnosis: Murder (1994) - Dr. Tom Harvey
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine (1995) - Chris Brynner
JAG (1996) - Commander Miller
Apollo 11 (1996, TV Movie) - Mike Collins
Sliders (1998) - Jonathan Griffin
Witness Protection (1999, TV Movie) - Jim Cutler
CSI: NY (2004) - Dr. Huff
NYPD Blue (2005) - Roger Harborn
Crossing Jordan (2007) - Judge Clarence Gordon
Amish Grace (2010, TV Movie) - County Sheriff
Glee (2011) - Minister

Video games
Silent Steel (1995) - Master Chief

Awards and nominations

References

External links

1951 births
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
Dartmouth College alumni
People from Oneonta, New York
Essex (UK Parliament constituency)

Essex was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England from 1290 to 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It elected two MPs, traditionally referred to as Knights of the Shire, to the House of Commons. Under the Great Reform Act 1832, it was divided into two two-member constituencies (Essex North and Essex South).

Area covered (current authorities) 
East of England
Essex (ceremonial county)
Essex (administrative county)
Southend-on-Sea
Thurrock
Greater London
Barking and Dagenham
Havering
Newham
Redbridge
Waltham Forest

Members of Parliament

1290-1640

1640-1832
 Apr 1640: Sir Thomas Barrington, Sir Harbottle Grimston
 Nov 1640: Lord Rich; Sir William Masham
 1641: Rich elevated to the House of Lords - replaced by Sir Martin Lumley
 1648: Lumley excluded under Pride's Purge
 1653: Joachim Matthews; Henry Barrington; John Brewster; Christopher Earl; Dudley Templer 
 1654: Sir William Masham Bt; Sir Richard Everard, 1st Baronet of Much Waltham; Sir Thomas Honywood; Sir Thomas Bowes; Henry Mildmay (of Graces); Thomas Coke  (of Pebmarsh); Carew Mildmay; Dionysius Wakering;   Edward Turnor;   Richard Cutts;   Oliver Raymond; Herbert Pelham
 1656-1658: Sir Harbottle Grimston; Sir Richard Everard, 1st Baronet of Much Waltham; Sir Thomas Honywood; Sir Thomas Bowes; Henry Mildmay (of Graces); Robert Barrington; Carew Mildmay; Dionysius Wakering;   Edward Turnor;   Dudley Temple; Oliver Raymond; Hezekiah Haynes; John Archer

References

Parliamentary constituencies in the East of England (historic)
Parliamentary constituencies in Essex (historic)
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1290
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1832
Nissan Saurus Jr.

The Nissan Saurus Jr. was first sold in 1991. It is a race car version of the Nissan Saurus.

The Saurus Jr. was designed by Nissan solely for the one-make series known as the Saurus Jr. Cup, which was held at the Tsukuba circuit. It was available as a kit (2.3 million yen) or a finished vehicle (2.7 million yen).

Options 
Available options for the Saurus were a mirror, and a rear spoiler. Tire and wheel specifications options were also available.

Mechanical
The Saurus was powered by an SOHC 4-cylinder MA10E producing 70 ps @ 5600 RPM sending power to a 5-speed manual gearbox. The gearbox is a transaxle RS5F31V. Except a part, the almost basically same as a gearbox of March R.

As for suspension, it had front/rear wishbone suspension connected to 175/60R14 tires and a rack & pinion steering box.

See also 
 Nissan Saurus

References

External links 
Catalog

Nissan racing cars
Richard Egarr

Richard Egarr (born 7 August 1963) is a British conductor and keyboard player.

Biography
Born in Lincoln, Egarr received his early musical training as a choirboy at York Minster and at Chetham's School of Music. He was an organ scholar of Clare College, Cambridge and studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama. Study with Gustav Leonhardt further inspired his work in the field of historically informed performance.

Egarr is widely known as a specialist in the baroque repertoire, but has performed repertoire over a wide historical era, from fifteenth-century organ intabulations to Dussek and Chopin on early pianos, to Berg and Maxwell Davies on modern piano.  He has recorded commercially several albums of solo keyboard music for such labels as Harmonia Mundi, as well as chamber repertoire for such labels as Hyperion.

In 2006, Egarr became music director of the Academy of Ancient Music (AAM).  With the AAM, Egarr has made commercial recordings for such labels as Harmonia Mundi, and the AAM's own label.  He concluded his tenure as AAM music director at the close of the 2020-2021 season.

Egarr made his Glyndebourne debut in 2007 with a staged version of Bach's St Matthew Passion.

In 2012, Egarr first guest-conducted the Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra (PBO).  Following two additional guest appearances with the PBO, the PBO announced, in January 2019, the appointment of Egarr as its next music director, with an initial contract of 5 years.  The original intention was for Egarr to serve as PBO music director-designate for the 2020-2021 season, and then to take the title of music director with the 2021-2022 season.  In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the PBO reconfigured its 2020-2021 season into a virtual season, and announced the advent of Egarr as its music director effective 1 July 2020, one season earlier than originally planned.  In June 2023, the PBO announced that Egarr is to conclude his tenure as its music director at the close of the 2023-2024 season.

Egarr and his family reside in Amsterdam.  In Amsterdam, Egarr has served as director of the Academy of the Begijnhof. Since 2019, he is Principal Guest Conductor of the Residentie Orchestra in The Hague.

References

External links
 Academy of Ancient Music page on Richard Egarr
 Harmonia Mundi website, biography of Richard Egarr
 Intermusica agency page on Richard Egarr
 Interview with Richard Egarr on The Next Track podcast
 Bach Cantatas page on Richard Egarr

English classical organists
British male organists
British harpsichordists
English classical pianists
Male classical pianists
English conductors (music)
British male conductors (music)
1963 births
Living people
Alumni of Clare College, Cambridge
British performers of early music
Bach conductors
Bach musicians
21st-century British conductors (music)
21st-century organists
Male classical organists
Mekan people

The Mekan or Me'en are a Surmic ethnic minority group inhabiting southwestern Ethiopia. The 1998 census lists them as consisting of 56,585 individuals. In Ethiopia, ethnic communities speaking Nilo-Saharan languages are referred to as "Nilotic", but this is not exactly the same meaning as the Nilotic language family. The Mekan traditionally participate in a unique festival known as Ka'el, during which the Mekan women sexualize the process of Mekan men gaining weight, and assist and encourage them in becoming as fat as possible. Mekan women will often select partners during this festival, typically from among the men they assisted in becoming larger.

The Mekan or Me'en speak the Me'en language, which is a member of the Surmic language family. The population is subdivided into two groups: the highland Tishena, who are agriculturalists, and the lowland Bodi, who are pastoralists.

Ka'el Festival
In 2020, photographer Joey Lawrence (photographer) traveled to a village in Southern Ethiopia's Omo Valley to photograph the Kael competitors and make a behind the scenes documentary.

• 2021 winners: Oypocha and Gontidi

• 2022 winners: Pangduoduo and Fettermans

References

Bibliography
Abbink, Jon G. 1990. "Tribal Formation on the Ethiopian Fringe: Toward a History of the 'Tishana'." Northeast African Studies. Volume 12.1: pp. 21–42. 
Abbink, Jon G. 1991. "The Deconstructions of Tribe: Ethnicity and Politics in Southwestern Ethiopia." Journal of Ethiopian Studies. Volume 24:  pp. 1–21. 
Abbink, Jon G. 1992. "An Ethno-Historical Perspective on Me'en Territorial Organization (Southwest Ethiopia)." Anthropos. Volume 87.4/6: pp. 351–364.

External links

Ethnic groups in Ethiopia
Robo Pit

is a robot fighting game released in 1996 for PlayStation and Sega Saturn. The game was developed by Altron and published by Kokopeli Digital Studios outside Japan. A sequel, Robo Pit 2, was released in Japan on PlayStation in 1997. It was also released in Europe and North America in 2003.

The object of Robo Pit is to build a robot and then fight to the top in arenas that are square in shape. There are many different types of arenas, some with bosses, and the time of day can vary.

There are various types of weapons which include axe, lips, sword, missile and claws. The robots different body parts have different stats that affect its performance. Although all body parts are available from the start, the only way to unlock more weapons is to fight more robot enemies.

Reception

Robo Pit received mixed reviews. Critics generally reviled the one-player mode as mind-numbingly long and easy, but were much more pleased with the two-player mode, though some criticized the lack of support for the PlayStation Link Cable. They particularly praised the ability to create one's own robot and save it to memory card, the winner's claiming of one of their opponent's arms as a prize, and the generally fun quality of the gameplay. Most found the graphics generally lacking in detail, but liked the cute and varied robot designs. The controls were also praised as being accurate and easy to learn.

Reviews for the Saturn port made similar comments, though this time they tended to criticize rather than complement the cuteness of the robots. A review in Next Generation said the Saturn and PlayStation versions are "nearly identical".

References

External links

1996 video games
3D fighting games
Altron games
Fighting games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
PlayStation (console) games
Sega Saturn games
Video games about robots
Video games developed in Japan
Koreiz

Koreiz (, , ) is an urban-type settlement lying south-west of Yalta in the Yalta Municipality of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and incorporated by Russia as the Republic of Crimea. The name of the town means "villages" in Greek (χωρεία, chorèa). Koreiz absorbed the nearby spa of Miskhor in 1958. Population: 

Koreiz has arguably become best known as the site of two palaces:

 The palace of Grand Duke Peter Nicolaievich of Russia, known as Dulber (dülber in Crimean Tatar means "beautiful"), is an asymmetrical Moorish Revival architectural extravaganza with crenellated walls, silver domes, and more than 100 rooms, inspired by the Mameluk architecture of 15th-century Cairo. This palace was built between 1895 and 1897. 
 , an architect who worked on the imperial Livadia Palace in nearby Yalta, built the Yusupov Palace for Prince Felix Yusupov in 1909. The palace, whose style may be described as Renaissance Revival and Roman Revival, boasts a romantic park with exotic plants and a wine cellar founded by Prince Lev Galitzine in the 19th century. After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Soviet authorities nationalised the palace; it served as Joseph Stalin's favourite dacha during the 1945 Yalta Conference and at other times.

References

External links

Urban-type settlements in Crimea
Seaside resorts in Ukraine
Seaside resorts in Russia
Yalta Municipality
Dave Campos

Dave Campos (born 1942, Santa Rosa, New Mexico) is a top-fuel drag motorcycle racer and held the motorcycle land speed record from 1990 until 2006.

Motorcycle world land speed record
Campos set both the AMA and FIM absolute speed records on Saturday July 14, 1990 with an overall average speed of 518.450 km/h (322.150 mph), and a second, faster run at an average of 519.609 km/h (322.870 mph).

The bike was a  long streamliner named Easyriders, powered by two Ruxton-Harley-Davidson 1500 cc engines with a dry weight of . It is claimed that the record drew the largest ever crowd to Bonneville Salt Flats. The bike was sponsored by individual members of the public for $25 shares, with an opportunity to attend the event and have your name somewhere on the bike. Some 10,000 took up the offer. On the third day of the sixteen it took to break the record, the bike was damaged after an accident. The team and many sponsors stayed up three days and nights to fix it. The only suitably specified front tyre for  was manufactured by Firestone in 1967. The team had a small stock of second hand versions.

The streamliner is owned by Joe Teresi, owner and publisher of Easyriders magazine.

Campos' record was broken by Rocky Robinson driving the Top 1 Ack Attack streamliner on September 3, 2006, only to be broken again two days later by Chris Carr. The current motorcycle land speed record belongs to Rocky Robinson and the Top 1 Ack Attack team and was set September 25, 2010 at 376.363 mph (605 km/h) with an exit speed on the final run of over 394 mph (634 km/h).

External links
 Route66 Motorsports - Bio on Dave Campos

American motorcycle racers
Motorcycle land speed record people
1942 births
Living people
Motorcycle drag racers
People from Santa Rosa, New Mexico
World record setters in motorcycling
Institute for Public Accuracy

The Institute for Public Accuracy is a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit organization that encourages mainstream media outlets to interview progressive scholars and policy analysts. It was founded in 1997 by Norman Solomon, who served as executive director until 2010. Its communications director is Sam Husseini, who was suspended by the National Press Club for asking a Saudi official what was perceived as a loaded question, although the club later reversed its decision.

In 2001 Scott Ritter was sponsored by the Institute to go to Baghdad to make a film about it.

In 2002, the organization hosted actor Sean Penn on a tour of Iraq.

The organization publishes ExposeFacts.org, which conducts campaigns aimed at encouraging corporate whistleblowers “to shed light on concealed activities that are relevant to human rights, corporate malfeasance, the environment, civil liberties and war.”

See also
Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting

References

External links

Progressive organizations in the United States
1997 establishments in Washington, D.C.
Organizations established in 1997

Non-profit organizations based in Washington, D.C.
Administrative divisions of Lipetsk Oblast

Cities and towns under the oblast's jurisdiction:
Lipetsk (Липецк) (administrative center)
city territorial okrugs:
Levoberezhny (Левобережный)
Oktyabrsky (Октябрьский)
Pravoberezhny (Правобережный)
Sovetsky (Советский)
Yelets (Елец)
Districts:
Chaplyginsky (Чаплыгинский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Chaplygin (Чаплыгин)
with 22 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Dankovsky (Данковский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Dankov (Данков)
with 22 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Dobrinsky (Добринский)
with 19 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Dobrovsky (Добровский)
with 17 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Dolgorukovsky (Долгоруковский)
with 14 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Gryazinsky (Грязинский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Gryazi (Грязи)
with 16 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Izmalkovsky (Измалковский)
with 13 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Khlevensky (Хлевенский)
with 15 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Krasninsky (Краснинский)
with 10 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Lebedyansky (Лебедянский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Lebedyan (Лебедянь)
with 16 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Lev-Tolstovsky (Лев-Толстовский)
with 12 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Lipetsky (Липецкий)
with 21 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Stanovlyansky (Становлянский)
with 18 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Terbunsky (Тербунский)
with 15 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Usmansky (Усманский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Usman (Усмань)
with 24 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Volovsky (Воловский)
with 15 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Yeletsky (Елецкий)
with 15 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.
Zadonsky (Задонский)
Towns under the district's jurisdiction:
Zadonsk (Задонск)
with 17 selsovets under the district's jurisdiction.

References

Lipetsk Oblast
Lipetsk Oblast
Mesakin people

Mesakin is an ethnic group in the Nuba Hills in Sudan. The population of this minority possibly exceeds 50,000. They speak Ngile and Dengebu, Niger–Congo languages close enough to be considered dialects.

References
Joshua Project

Nuba peoples
Ethnic groups in Sudan
Nosferatu (Helstar album)

Nosferatu is the fourth album by American heavy metal band Helstar, released by Metal Blade Records in November 1989. The first half of the album follows a storyline based on the Bram Stoker novel Dracula and includes audio samples of Frank Langella's performance in John Badham's film adaptation of Dracula. It was the last album recorded by the band before going on hiatus, until reforming in 1995.

Track listing

Personnel
James Rivera – vocals
Larry Barragan – guitar
André Corbin – guitar, keyboards
Jerry Abarca – bass, piano, keyboards
Frank Ferreira – drums

References

1989 albums
Metal Blade Records albums
Helstar albums
Works based on Dracula
Music based on novels
Vampires in music
Chuck Hartman

Chuck Hartman (December 20, 1934 – November 2, 2020) was an American baseball coach who was the head coach at Virginia Tech from 1979 until 2006.  He completed his 47-year coaching career with the fourth most wins as coach in Division I baseball history.  His record was 1,444–816–8, including a 961–591–8 mark in his 28 seasons at Tech.  Coach Hartman was the second Virginia Tech baseball coach to be inducted into the American Baseball Coaches Association Hall of Fame, in 2004. He is a member of 5 halls of fame including the Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame, in which he was inducted in 2002. He died on November 2, 2020.

See also
List of college baseball coaches with 1,100 wins

References

External links 
Retirement Announcement from Hokiesports.com
Biography from Hokiesports.com
VT Magazine Sports

1934 births
2020 deaths
High Point Panthers baseball coaches
North Carolina Tar Heels baseball players
Virginia Tech Hokies baseball coaches
Ultrasonic hearing

Ultrasonic hearing is a recognised auditory effect which allows humans to perceive sounds of a much higher frequency than would ordinarily be audible using the inner ear, usually by stimulation of the base of the cochlea through bone conduction. Normal human hearing is recognised as having an upper bound of 15–28 kHz, depending on the person.

Ultrasonic sinusoids as high as 120 kHz have been reported as successfully perceived. Two competing theories are proposed to explain this effect. The first asserts that ultrasonic sounds excite the inner hair cells of the cochlea basal turn, which are responsive to high frequency sounds. The second proposes that ultrasonic signals resonate the brain and are modulated down to frequencies that the cochlea can then detect.

Researchers Tsutomu Oohashi et al. have coined the term hypersonic effect to describe the results of their controversial study supporting audibility of ultrasonics.

By modulating speech signals onto an ultrasonic carrier, intelligible speech has also been perceived with a high degree of clarity, especially in areas of high ambient noise. Deatherage states that what humans experience as ultrasonic perception may have been a necessary precursor in the evolution of echolocation in marine mammals.

See also
Hypersonic effect

References

Ultrasound
Whitefriars

White friars are members of the Order of Carmelites.

Whitefriars may also refer to:

Related to Carmelites
 Whitefriars, Bristol, a former Carmelite friary in Bristol, England
 Whitefriars, Coventry, a former Carmelite friary in Coventry, England
 Whitefriars, London, an area in London named after the former Carmelite friary there
 Whitefriars, Gloucester, a former Carmelite friary in Gloucester, England
 Whitefriars, where the National Shrine of Saint Jude is based, in Faversham, Kent
 Ipswich Whitefriars, a former Carmelite friary in Ipswich, England
 Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church, a Roman Catholic church in Dublin, Ireland

Other
 Whitefriars Glass, a trade name of glass manufacturers James Powell and Sons of London, who had premises on the site of a Carmelite friary
 Whitefriars Theatre, a Jacobean London theatre
 Whitefriars College, a Roman Catholic college in Victoria, Australia
 Whitefriars Housing Group, a housing association in Coventry
 Whitefriars School, a school in London, England
 Whitefriars Shopping Centre, a shopping centre in Canterbury, England
 Whitefriars, 333 High Street, Lincoln, a listed building in Lincoln, England
Whitefriars, or, The Days of Charles the Second: an Historical Romance, an 1844 novel published anonymously by Emma Robinson (author)
NZS

NZS may refer to:
Football Association of Slovenia
Independent Students Union (Poland)
New Zealand Standard and "joint Australian/New Zealand Standard" (AS/NZS) by Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand
New Zealand Steel
New Zealand Football, formerly New Zealand Soccer
Minichiello (surname)

Minichiello is an Italian surname of patronymic origin, being one of those surnames based on the first name of the father of the original bearer. In this case, the surname originates from the personal name Domenico, which in turn derives from the Latin "Dominicus". The latter is an adjective related to the term "dominus", which means "master of the house", and later was used to indicate God. Sunday in fact, the day dedicated to the sun-god, in Latin was called "Domenica die" and today in Italian just "Domenica". The name Domenico was popularized by San Domenico of Guzman, who is mainly known as the founder of the Dominican Order of Preachers, who are amongst the leading teacher in Europe.

The surname Minichiello is a pet form of the name Domenico, which, by the process of apheresis, became Menico (a personal name in itself). Then the suffix "-iello", used as diminutive, was added to it to form the personal name Minichiello, which later became a surname. The suffix "-iello" of the surname Minichiello, is one of those suffixes such as "-ino", "-one", and "-etto", which give a particular flavor and meaning to nouns and adjectives to which they are attached. Since the Middle Ages, they were and are used with first names to indicate size, age, affection, physical and moral qualities, and have for the most part developed inside the family circle as pet names.

As the closest variants to the surname Minichiello, the "Dizionario Storico Blasonico", a compilation of the Italian nobility, mentions two families by the name of Menicozzi and Meniconi. The first one was registered amongst the nobility of Viterbo (Lazio), and one member of the other was created Palatine Count in 1519 by Pope Pius V.

Blazon of arms 

Azure; a fesse or, between two mullets of the same, one in chief and one in base.

Crest 
An eagle displayed sable, crowned.

Origin 

Italy, there is a particularly high concentration of Minichiellos in the town of Grottaminarda, Avellino.

Notable people 
Anthony Minichiello, Australian rugby player
Dino Minichiello, Canadian investor and entrepreneur
Mark Minichiello, Australian rugby player
Nicola Minichiello, British bobsledder
Paul Minichiello, master tailor who specialized in bespoke couture
Toni Minichiello, UK Athletics national coach

References

Surnames
Italian-language surnames
Daniel Santbech

Daniel Santbech (fl. 1561) was a Dutch mathematician and astronomer. He adopted the Latinized name of Noviomagus, possibly suggesting that he came from the town of Nijmegen, called Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum by the Romans.

In 1561, Santbech compiled a collected edition of the works of Regiomontanus (1436–1476), De triangulis planis et sphaericis libri quinque (first published in 1533) and Compositio tabularum sinum recto, as well as Santbech's own Problematum astronomicorum et geometricorum sectiones septem. It was published in Basel by Henrich Petri and Petrus Perna.

Santbech's work consisted of studies on astronomy, sundials, surveying, and levelling for water courses. It also includes descriptions of astronomical instruments, information for navigators and geographers, and general information about astronomy in the first years after Nicolaus Copernicus.

Santbech also studied the subject of gunnery and ballistics as a theoretic discourse as well as for the practical application of war, and utilized the foundations of geometry, with ample references to Euclid and Ptolemy, in order to do so. Santbech seem not to have been aware of similar studies by Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia.

Santbech's text included theoretical illustrations of trajectories. These were depicted with abruptly acute angles and straight lines, allowing him to create a right-angled triangle from which ranges were computed with the help of a table of sines. Santbech was of course fully aware that a cannonball's true trajectory would not consist of a straight line and a sudden drop, but these depictions were meant to assist with mathematical calculations.

In 1651, Riccioli gave Santbech's name to the crater Santbech on the Moon.

References
Andreas Kleinert: Zur Ballistik des Daniel Santbech. In: Janus 63 (1976), pp. 47–59. [in German]

External links
 The Geometry of War
 Polybiblio: Regiomontanus, Johannes/Santbech, Daniel, ed. De Triangulis Planis et Sphaericis libri quinque. Basel Henrich Petri & Petrus Perna 1561 
Problematum astronomicorum et geometricorum sectiones septem (Full Latin Text at Perseus Project) ***Link Dead as of July 2021

16th-century Dutch astronomers
16th-century Dutch mathematicians
Ballistics
People from Nijmegen
St Teilo's Church in Wales High School

St Teilo's Church in Wales High School () is a co-educational secondary school now located in Llanedeyrn, Cardiff.

History
The school was opened in September 1966 on its former Llanedeyrn Road, Cyncoed site as an 11-16 school and provides a church school comprehensive education for secondary students living mainly in the eastern half of Cardiff. It is now one of three Voluntary Aided Secondary Schools in the Diocese of Llandaff and serves a much wider geographical and spiritual 'catchment' area; many students come from the Diocese of Monmouth and as far away as Caerphilly. As a Voluntary Aided school, the Local Education Authority maintains it, but the Church through its Governing Body, has considerable spiritual, financial, administrative, and educational duties towards it. The teaching staff are appointed by the Governing Body and have a responsibility to ensure that the curriculum and general life of the school is maintained through a sound Christian foundation.

The school moved to a new building located on the former playing fields of Llanedeyrn High School in September 2013, after Llanedeyrn High School closed.

Today, the school accommodates around 1400 Christian, faith and non-faith pupils between the ages of 11 and 18, with year groups 7 to 11 and an optional sixth form (year groups 12 and 13).

In 2015 the school created controversy when they demanded that pupils provide a doctor's note to be allowed to use the lavatory during lesson periods.

In June 2019, it was announced that headteacher Ceri Weatherall would step down from her post, and that current deputy headteacher Ian Loynd would take up the role from September 2019.

New building

In September 2013, St Teilo's High School officially moved from its location on Llanedeyrn Road to the playing fields of Llanedeyrn High School, with the former site becoming the home of Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Bro Edern. The new school was designed by architects Austin-Smith:Lord in a 'five finger' design, to accommodate over 1400 pupils. The school has a curved design which acts as a sound barrier against the noise pollution caused by the large volume of traffic on the nearby A48 road. However, air pollution is an issue due to the school's close proximity to the A48.

The school has 97 full-size classrooms, of which 8 are ICT computing suites. As part of the new building, a biometric payment system was introduced. Students can now pay for lunch using their fingerprint and load money onto their account via ParentPay, as well as being able to print using their biometrics through PCounter Secure Printing. A deal was also reached with the local Sony UK Technology Centre in Pencoed to provide digital signage services, projectors and video recording facilities for the school. The school was built in 5 stages, the last stages including the construction of the MUGA, 3G pitch and football and rugby playing fields.

References

External links

St Teilo's Church in Wales High School

Educational institutions established in 1966
Secondary schools in Cardiff
1966 establishments in Wales
Church in Wales schools
1st British Academy Film Awards

{{Infobox film awards
| number            = 1
| award             = British Academy Film Awards
| date              = 29 May 1949
| site              = Odeon Cinema, Leicester Square, London
| host              = 
| producer          =
| director          =
| best_film         = The Best Years of Our Lives
| best_british      = Odd Man Out| best_actor        = 
| best_actor_film   = 
| best_actress      = 
| best_actress_film = 
| most_wins         = The Best Years of Our Lives, Odd Man Out (1)
| most_nominations  =
| duration          =
| ratings           =
| next              = 2nd
}}

The 1st British Film Academy Awards (retroactively known as the British Academy Film Awards), were handed out on 29 May 1949 at the Odeon Cinema, Leicester Square, in London, for films shown in the United Kingdom in 1947 and 1948. They were presented by the British Film Academy (currently, British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA)), an organisation established in 1947 by filmmakers from Great Britain, for the "advancement of the art and technique of the film". The Academy bestowed accolades in three categories: Best British Film, Best Picture from any source – British or Foreign and a Special Award. British film producer Michael Balcon chaired the ceremony.

Odd Man Out won Best British Film. Best Film from any source – British or Foreign was awarded to American film The Best Years of Our Lives. Documentary, The World Is Rich received the Special Award. Bronze trophies, designed by Henry Moore were given to the director of the films, on behalf of the motion pictures' production units.

Winners
Winners highlighted in boldface'. All sources used in this article make no mention of nominees in any of the categories.

Special Award
 The World Is Rich'' (Documentary)

See also
 5th Golden Globe Awards
 21st Academy Awards

References

External links
The British Academy of Film and Television Arts Official website

001
British Academy
British Academy
1949 in British cinema
1949 in London
May 1949 events in the United Kingdom
Billy Bowlegs (disambiguation)

Billy Bowlegs may refer to:
 Billy Bowlegs ( 1810–1859), Seminole chief during the Second and Third Seminole Wars
 Billy Bowlegs III (1862–1965), Seminole elder and historian named after the chief
Sutton Creek (Ireland)

Sutton Creek is part of Dublin Bay that lies between the southwestern part of Howth Head and the northeast end of Bull Island. It forms the southern coastline of Sutton and is bounded by Dublin Road, Greenfield Road and Strand Road.

Sutton, Dublin
So Chan-whee

Kim Kyoung-hee (, born January 20, 1972), better known by her stage name So Chan-whee (), is a South Korean singer, best known for her 2000 song, "Tears".

Personal life
Kim dated Roy of the Street Guns band (previously known as The RockTigers) in 2014. On January 1, 2017, their agency announced their upcoming marriage in the earlier half of that year. Kim and Roy were married on April 25, 2017.

Discography

Albums 
 Cherish, 1996
 Then To Now, 1997
 Another..., 1998
 First Bridge, March 2000
 Red Change, 2001
 Beginning, 2002
 The True, 2005
 The Begin Again, 2006

OSTs 
 KBS: Thank you, Life! aka: Gracias à la vida OST, 2006
 Born To Be Free OST Witch's Court, 2017
 "Bad Girls" OST Red Shoes, 2021

References

Further reading

"'90s icon So Chan-whee relishes return to spotlight" (2015), The Korea Herald.

External links 
 
 So Chan-whee at Empas People
 So Chan-whee at YesAsia

1972 births
Living people
South Korean women pop singers
South Korean pop rock singers
21st-century South Korean singers
21st-century South Korean women singers
2nd British Academy Film Awards

The 2nd British Academy Film Awards, known retroactively as the British Academy Film Awards, were given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) (known then as the British Film Academy) on 29 May 1949, and honoured the best films of 1948. Three new awards were handed out for Best Documentary, Special awards for film and the United Nations Award for the "best Film embodying one or more of the principles of the United Nations Charter". British films The Fallen Idol and Hamlet received the awards for Best British Film and Best Film from any Source, respectively.

Winners and nominees
British films The Fallen Idol and Hamlet received the awards for Best British Film and Best Film from any Source, respectively, and were additionally nominated in both categories; Louisiana Story received the award for Best Documentary; Atomic Physics received the Special Award for Film; and the United Nations Award was handed out to Atomic Physics, Hungry Minds and screenplay The Winslow Boy.

Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface; the nominees are listed below alphabetically and not in boldface.

United Nations Award
Awarded for the best Film embodying one or more of the principles of the United Nations Charter.

 Atomic Physics
 Hungry Minds
 The Winslow Boy

See also
 6th Golden Globe Awards
 22nd Academy Awards

References

External links
The British Academy of Film and Television Arts Official website

002
British Academy
British Academy Film Awards
British Academy Film Awards
British Academy Film Awards
William V. Sullivan

William Van Amberg Sullivan (December 18, 1857March 21, 1918) was a United States representative and Senator from Mississippi.

Biography
Born near Winona, Mississippi, he attended the common schools in Panola County and the University of Mississippi at Oxford, where he was a member of St. Anthony Hall.

He graduated from Vanderbilt University, in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1875, was admitted to the bar that year, and commenced practice in Austin. He moved to Oxford in 1877, was a member of the board of city aldermen, and was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth Congress and served from March 4, 1897, to May 31, 1898, when he resigned, having been appointed Senator.

He was appointed and subsequently elected to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Edward C. Walthall and served from May 31, 1898, to March 3, 1901; he was not a candidate for reelection.

On September 8, 1908, Sullivan led a lynch mob which murdered a black man named Nelse Patton, who had been accused of killing a white woman. William Sullivan was quoted a day later as saying, "I led the mob which lynched Nelse Patton, and I'm proud of it. I directed every movement of the mob and I did everything I could to see that he was lynched."

Sullivan retired from active business and resided in Washington, D.C. In 1918, he died in Oxford. Interment was in St. Peter's Cemetery.

References

External links

 

1857 births
1918 deaths
People from Oxford, Mississippi
People from Winona, Mississippi
Vanderbilt University alumni
Mississippi lawyers
Mississippi city council members
Democratic Party United States senators from Mississippi
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Mississippi
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American lawyers
19th-century American businesspeople
American murderers
American white supremacists
Ricardo Barreiro

Ricardo Barreiro (October 2, 1949 – April 12, 1999) was an Argentine comic book writer.

Biography

Barreiro was born in the barrio of Palermo in Buenos Aires. At a very early age he published articles and short stories on the underground magazine Sancho. His first comic book as writer was SlotBar, with art by Francisco Solano Lopez. This was followed by the noteworthy war series of As de Pique ("Pik As") and the science-fiction The City, both drawn by Juan Giménez.

In the 1970s he moved to Europe, living in Paris and Rome for six years; he became particularly popular in France.

Barreiro returned to Argentina, where he died of larynx cancer at age 49.

Many of his titles appeared in Spanish, Italian and Dutch. Not much has been translated in English.

Bibliography

Comics work includes:
Cain, with Risso, Ediciones de la Urraca
Ciudad, with Juan Giménez) Hora Cero
El Instituto, with Francisco Solano López)
El Instituto II, with Francisco Solano López) Doedytores
Factor Límite , with Juan Giménez, Colección Vilan
Moving Fortress, with Enrique Alcatena, Skorpio
PARQUE CHAS I and II, with Risso
Slot Barr, with Francisco Solano López, Editorial Colihue
Bárbara, with Juan Zanotto
Virus, with Ariel Olivetti, Mauro Cascioli, Julian Aznar, Marcelo Sosa and Juan Bobillo, Comic Press
As de Pique, with Juan Gimenez
El Mago, with Enrique Alcatena
El Eternauta: Odio Cósmico Nº1
El Eternauta: Odio Cósmico Nº2
Buenos Aires, las putas y el loco, with Oswal
Le Pecheur de Brooklyn, with Massimo Rotundo

Notes

References

External links
 
Ricardo Barreiro biography at Historieta Parque Chas 

Argentine comics writers
Argentine male writers
Deaths from cancer in Argentina
Deaths from esophageal cancer
1949 births
1999 deaths
Writers from Buenos Aires
Decodable text

Decodable text is a type of text often used in beginning reading instruction.  Decodable texts are carefully sequenced to progressively incorporate words that are consistent with the letters and corresponding phonemes that have been taught to the new reader. Therefore, with this type of text new readers can decipher words using the phonics skills they have been taught. For instance, children could decode a phrase such as “Pat the fat rat” if they had been taught the letter-sound associations for each letter—that 'p' stands for the sound /p/, 'a' for the sound /a/, etc.

Generally, decodable text is used in programs that have a strong phonics emphasis. Whole-language and whole word methods of instruction generally use stories with familiar high-frequency words arranged in predictable and repetitive patterns. Whole-language texts have received increasing criticism for encouraging word guessing strategies instead of skilled reading. While it is important to note that the texts do not stand alone in a reading classroom, the type of text used influences how text is encountered and likely the instructional approach.

Both decodable texts and whole language readers typically have levels to provide an indication of their reading difficulty. In decodable texts, levels introduce new sounds and letters, and progressively multisyllable words and more complex sentences.  Decodable texts vary in quality in terms of the sequence in which sounds are introduced, the rigor of the controlled language, the richness of stories under severe sound limitations, the appearance (font sizes, illustrations, paper weight to avoid bleeding which can be very distracting to the readers, etc.), length in pages and the pace of progression. 

In the United States, certain states dictate that a very high percentage of the words in the earliest texts be decodable according to letter–sound correspondences that children have been taught. Advocates argue that this kind of text enables students to practice the phonics skills they have been taught. Critics argue that this kind of text is stilted and unnatural.  In California, using the Whole Language approach was blamed for the drop in student reading scores and the California legislature mandated a renewed emphasis on decodable texts. While not introducing a similar decodable mandate, the United Kingdom similarly shifted to a phonics focus with universal phonics screening at the end of year 1 in 2012, and saw the proportion of students meeting the grade level standard rise from 58% to 74% by 2014.

Example Decodable Book Series 
There are a wide variety of phonics and decodable reader series available. Examples include BOB Books, Reading Elephant Phonics Books, Dog on a Log Books, FlyLeaf Emergent Readers, Learning at the Primary Pond Decodable Readers, and Practice Readers Books.  Some series are also specifically targeted towards teenage and adult learners, including Saddleback TERL Phonics Book Sets.

See also

 Phonics
 Reading education
 Learning to read
 Whole language
 Synthetic phonics

Notes

Education reform
Pedagogy