alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Maple decline

Maple decline is a term describing loss of vigor and dieback in forests or urban plantings of maple trees. It is not a disease or a syndrome, nor is it contagious or endemic. Instead, it is a generalized set of symptoms that may be applied to any species of tree suffering a wide range of different stressors.

Norway maple, red maple and sugar maple are the species most commonly affected. The trouble often starts after insect-induced defoliation, which weakens the trees and makes them more susceptible to secondary pathogens. Early signs of decline include small or scorched foliage, and premature fall colors on some of a tree's branches. Later, dead twigs may become visible as signs of distress become evident throughout the crown. As the tree's condition deteriorates, whole branches die. The tree may attempt to compensate for its diminishing crown by producing leafy shoots on its trunk. The defoliation may occur early enough that the tree may produce new leaves in summer that do not harden off before the first frost. Fruiting bodies of bracket fungi may appear on the trunk or in the crown. Eventually, the whole tree dies. The process from first signs of trouble to total death may span anywhere from a few years to several decades.

In urban areas decline is aggravated by soil compaction or disturbance, soil pollution (caused by discarded cigarettes, pet droppings, careless or malicious use of herbicides, and road salt), air pollution and unfavorable moisture conditions. In rural areas, maple decline is often attributed to soil acidification caused by acid rain. Soils which have developed from nutrient-poor parent materials such as sandstone, quartzite and granite are most sensitive to acidification. Fertile areas often show maple decline where large numbers of livestock such as cattle are allowed to roam in woodlots, as herds or flocks of livestock can compact a soil to a degree which is unfavorable to many of the trees. Carelessness with machinery or taps in sugar bushes is a frequent cause of decline in sugar maple and black maple.

Unusual weather conditions can also lead to maple decline. A classic example occurred across southern Quebec in 1981 when an exceptional February thaw destroyed the snow cover. Later, hard frost penetrated the unprotected ground. The soil was still frozen when the growing season began. Widespread dieback was seen over the remainder of the decade. Subsequent experimentation has verified that trees in Quebec are more likely to show stunted growth and dieback where snow cover is prevented from developing over a winter.

References

External links

Disease Diagnostic Clinic. (1999, August). "Maple decline factsheet." Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.  
Walters, James. (2002, July). "Recognizing and Preventing Maple Decline," Northern Hardwood Notes, North Central Forest Experiment Station, United States Forest Service.

Maple
Tree diseases
Forestry in Canada
Forestry in the United States
Gordon Wharton

Gordon Wharton (born in 1929, in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire), died  2 December 2011 (http://richardawarren.wordpress.com/back-from-oblivion-tracking-the-poetry-of-gordon-wharton/ ) was a British poet.

He left school aged 14 and said that anything he learned afterwards was self-taught. He
started publishing poems from the age of about 21 and he became co-editor of the now-defunct
literary magazine Chanticleer with the Irish poet, Patrick Galvin, at around the same time.
Shortly afterwards he started reviewing regularly for the Times Literary Supplement, mainly
dealing with modern and 17th-century poetry.

He listed among the prime influences on his work Dylan Thomas, Andrew Marvell
and ("inevitably") W.H. Auden. More recently, as may be evident from
some of his later poems, the more economical style of Ian Hamilton has been
an influence. Meanwhile, in his more prosaic working life, he graduated from
carpentry, via work on a travelling fair and a period dealing in antiques, to travel
journalism; in fact he was founder-editor of the weekly Travelnews,
a newspaper serving the travel industry.

He published two small collections of verse in the mid to late 1950s:  This and That (Fantasy Press 1955) and Errors of Observation (The School of Art, University of Reading 1957)  and  issue number 8 of The Poet magazine in 1954 was devoted entirely to his poems.

He started submitting poetry for publication after a break of some 30 years.  He has been published more recently in literary magazines such as Ambit (http://www.poetrymagazines.org.uk/magazine/record.asp?id=7502), London Magazine and The Rialto. His third volume,  Towards Oblivion, was published shortly before his death. http://www.gordonwharton.co.uk

1929 births
Living people
English male poets
Emblem of Djibouti

The national emblem of Djibouti was introduced after attaining independence from France on 27 June 1977. It was made by Hassan Robleh. It is bordered on the sides with laurel branches.  Within this perimeter there is a vertical spear, in front of which is a shield.   Underneath the shield, two hands rise away from the spear, both of which carry a large machete.  These two hands symbolize the main two ethnic groups of the nation: the Afar and the Somali. The spear is topped by a red star. The star symbolizes the unity between the Issa and the Afar peoples. A Djibouti law established the seal and states its significance, and has been translated into English.

Historical Coat of Arms

References

See also
The similar coat of arms of Ukraine

National symbols of Djibouti
Dschibuti
Djibouti
Djibouti
Djibouti
Meemannia

Meemannia is a genus of extinct bony fish from the early Devonian period. It was initially classified as a lobe-finned fish; however, a restudy conducted by Lu et al. (2016) indicates that it was actually an early-diverging ray-finned fish. It was found in Yunnan, China.  As preserved, it consists mainly of skull roofing bones and a partial otic region of the braincase.  Its anatomy is unique in a number of features that resemble ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii), and more generalized jawed vertebrates.

It was described in the May 4, 2006 edition of Nature, and named after Meemann Chang.

References 

Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera
Devonian bony fish
Fossils of China
Fossil taxa described in 2006
Vanessa Bauche

Vanessa Bauche ( born Alma Vanessa Bauche Chavira; February 18, 1973) is a Mexican television, theatre and film actress.

Early life

Bauche was born Alma Vanessa Bauche Chavira, named after actress Vanessa Redgrave. Her father was a Romani who married her mother, a woman who aspired to be a dancer and singer. At the time of the marriage, her mother was sixteen years old and her father was a junior in high school. The couple divorced when Bauche was seven years old. After the divorce, she and her brother, Tito, spent three years traveling with their father. Eventually, she and her brother settled down with their mother in Mexico City.

Career
She received her starring role in a film as a drug-addicted prostitute in El Patrullero (Highway Patrolman) (1991). After starring in a number of telenovelas she played a lead role in the international success Amores Perros (2000). 

While Bauche has found success in both film and television, she also maintains a steady career in theater.

Filmography

Awards and nominations
Ariel Award
1995: Nominated, "Best Supporting Actress" - Hasta morir
1999: Won, "Best Actress in a Minor Role" - Un embrujo
2002: Won, "Best Supporting Actress" - De la calle
2005: Nominated, "Best Actress" - Digna: Hasta el último aliento

Lleida Latin-American Film Festival
2006: Won, "Best Actress" - Al Otro Lado and Las vueltas del citrillo

Western Heritage Awards
2006: Won, "Outstanding Theatrical Motion Picture" - The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada

References

External links

1973 births
20th-century Mexican actresses
21st-century Mexican actresses
Mexican film actresses
Mexican telenovela actresses
Living people
Subcostal nerve

The subcostal nerve (anterior division of the twelfth thoracic nerve) is a mixed motor and sensory nerve contributing to the lumbar plexus. It runs along the lower border of the twelfth rib, often gives a communicating branch to the first lumbar nerve, and passes under the lateral lumbocostal arch.

It then runs in front of the quadratus lumborum, innervates the transversus, and passes forward between it and the abdominal internal oblique to be distributed in the same manner as the lower intercostal nerves.

It communicates with the iliohypogastric nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve of the lumbar plexus, and gives a branch to the pyramidalis muscle and the quadratus lumborum muscle. It also gives off a lateral cutaneous branch that supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the hip.

Additional images

See also
 Subcostal artery
 Subcostal vein

References

External links
  ()
 
  - "Posterior Abdominal Wall, Dissection, Anterior View"
  - "Muscles and nerves of the posterior abdominal wall."
 

Spinal nerves
Princess Léa of Belgium

Princess Léa of Belgium (born Léa Inga Dora Wolman; 2 December 1951) is the widow of Prince Alexandre of Belgium. She is an aunt by marriage of King Philippe of Belgium.

Early life
She was born on 2 December 1951 as the daughter of Sigismund Wolman (born in Warsaw on 12 July 1906), a merchant in Brussels, and Lisa Bornstein (born in Germany).

Marriages and issue
She married Russian aristocrat Serge Victorovich Spetschinsky on 27 May 1975 in Brussels (son of Victor Sergeyevich Spetschinsky, President of the Russian Nobility Association in Belgium, and Elena Dmitrievna Guebel), from whom she was divorced on 28 March 1980. They had a daughter, Laetitia Spetschinsky (born in 1976), who is now married to HE Didier Nagant de Deuxchaisnes, Ambassador of Belgium to Ethiopia, and mother of three children.

On 23 July 1983, she married Paul Robert Bichara in Uccle, and they had a son, Renaud Bichara (born on 1 September 1983).

After her second divorce on 25 August 1987, she wed Prince Alexander in Debenham, Suffolk, on 14 March 1991. They had been introduced in 1986 by former defence minister Léon Mundeleer. Alexander asked her to accompany him to the cinema. She vacillated initially, but they began to enjoy dining out together, Alexander being a gourmand, according to his future wife.

The couple had no children together, and the marriage was kept secret until 1998, as reportedly the prince feared his mother would disapprove.

Published work
In 2008, she published a book of photographs from the life of her husband and his family, titled Le Prince Alexandre de Belgique, because she felt that he was too little known in Belgium.

Notes

Sources

External links

1951 births
Living people
Belgian princesses
Belgian people of German descent
Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
People from Etterbeek
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Belgium)
Belgian people of Polish descent
Subcostal arteries

The subcostal arteries, so named because they lie below the last ribs, constitute the lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries.

Anatomy

Course and relations 
Each intercostal artery is accompanied by the corresponding (i.e. ipsilateral) subcostal vein and nerve. Each passes along the lower border of the 12th rib.

Before entering the anterior abdominal wall, each runs laterally upon the anterior surface of the lumbar fascia (and thus also anterior to the underlying quadratus lumborum muscle which the lumbar fascia envelops) posterior to the ipsilateral kidney. It then pierces the posterior aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis, thus entering the anterior abdominal wall to course in between the abdominal internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominal muscle (the neurovascular plane of the anterior abdominal wall).

Branches 
Each subcostal artery gives off a posterior branch which has a similar distribution to the posterior ramus of an intercostal artery.

Anastomoses 
It anastomoses with the superior epigastric, lower intercostal, and lumbar arteries.

References

External links
  - "Branches of the ascending aorta, arch of the aorta, and the descending aorta."

Arteries of the thorax
Subcostal

Subcostal may refer to: 
 Subcostal nerve
 Subcostal arteries
 Subcostalis muscle
Jason and deMarco

Jason Warner (born 1975) and DeMarco DeCiccio (born 1976) are a Christian musical duo (and life partners) with outreach to the LGBT community.

Background 
Robert Jason Nicewarner, who changed his name to "Jason Warner" before becoming a duo with deMarco, is a 1997 graduate of Lee University in Tennessee, and comes from a Pentecostal faith background. Marco DeCiccio, who is now known as deMarco, grew up a Roman Catholic, is a native of Canada and a 1999 graduate of York University.

Jason and deMarco met in 2001 in Hollywood, California. Before launching their duo act, deMarco was a lead in the international touring company of the musical "California Dream Men" and Jason was a Christian artist in mainline traditional Gospel groups, and then as a solo artist touring mostly through Metropolitan Community Church, gay-accepting churches. The duo released their first album together, The Spirit of Christmas, in 2002 followed by 2003's Songs for the Spirit. In 2004, they appeared on the cover of The Advocate magazine with their new album Spirit Pop. In early 2005, they started working with Letthead Productions, a recording studio and production company based in Houston. They released their fourth album, Till the End of Time, produced by Alan Lett, with additional production from Joe Hogue, Eddie X and Luigie Gonzalez. Seven of the album's twelve songs are written by Jason and deMarco.

Jason and deMarco's first single, "Trying to Get to You," climbed the Billboard Charts and their second single, "This is Love", won "Music Video of the Year 2006" on MTV's LOGO. A full-length feature documentary film entitled We're All Angels premiered at NewFest 2007 (the 19th Annual New York LGBT Film Festival), and at Outfest 2007 (the 25th Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Film Festival). They have a fan club "The Angel Club," based on the We're All Angels documentary.

In 2007, Jason joined the staff at Unity Church of Christianity in Houston, Texas under the leadership of Rev. Howard Caesar.  He is a Young Adult and Youth Leader as well as a Contemporary Worship Leader, performing with deMarco.

The couple married in Los Angeles in 2008 prior to the passage of Proposition 8.

Discography
Albums
 2002: The Spirit of Christmas
 2003: Songs for the Spirit
 2004: Spirit Pop
 2006: Till the End of Time
 2007: Halo
 2008: Safe
 2011: The Oneness of Praise

EPs
 2006: Trying to Get to You: Remixes

Singles
 2006: Trying to Get to You
 2006: This Is Love
 2008: Safe
 2008: It's Okay

Solo recordings - Jason Warner 
  Only a Whisper
  Mercy Said No
  In the Waiting
  Still

Solo recordings - deMarco
  Melodie
  deMarco  (EP)

Video Releases
 2007: This Is Love
 2008: Safe
 2009: We're All Angels

References

External links
Jason and deMarco home page
Jason and deMarco's Angel Fan Club

2002 establishments in California
American Christian musical groups
American LGBT musicians
American musical duos
LGBT Christians
LGBT-themed musical groups
Married couples
Musical groups established in 2002
Same-sex couples
Panama (disambiguation)

Panama (or Panamá) is a republic in Central America.  

Panama may also refer to:

Geography and places

Republic of Panama 
Isthmus of Panama, the isthmus on which the country is located
Panama Canal, a canal through the isthmus
Gulf of Panama, a bay south of the isthmus
Panamá Province, one of that country's component provinces
Panamá District, one of the districts in the Province
Panama City, the capital of the Republic, the Province and the District
Panamá Viejo, the oldest part of the city
Panamá Oeste Province, a new province created from the original Panamá Province

Pre-independence entities
Real Audiencia of Panama
Panama State
Department of Panama

Brazil 
Panamá, Goiás, a city in the state of Goiás

Canada 
Panama station, a light metro station which replaced the old Terminus Brossard-Panama

Chile 
Panamá, Santa Cruz

Sri Lanka 
 Panama, Sri Lanka

United States 
Panama, California
Panama, California, alternate name of Rio Bravo, a former settlement
Panama City, Florida
Panama City Beach, Florida
Panama, Illinois
Panama, Indiana
Panama, Iowa
Panama, Missouri
Panama, Nebraska
Panama, New York
Panama, Oklahoma

Philippines 
Panama, old name of the island of Panay in early Spanish maps

Music
 Panama (band), an electronic band based in Sydney, Australia
 Panama (album), by A Balladeer
 "Panama" (jazz standard), a traditional jazz tune
 "Panama" (song), by Van Halen
"Panama", a song by The Avener

Film and television
 Panama (2015 film), a Serbian drama film
 Panama (2022 film), an American action thriller film
 "Panama" (Prison Break), a television episode

Ships
USS Panama (SP-101), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1920
, a passenger ship
, a passenger liner converted to troop transport during World War II

Other uses
Panama (ad system), an online advertising platform 
Panama (cocktail)
Panama Papers, a set of 11.5 million documents detailing attorney–client information, leaked in 2016
PANAMA, a cryptographic primitive that can be used as a hash function and a stream cipher
Panama disease, a banana plant disease
Panama hat
Panama (sheep), an American sheep breed
Panama weave, a.k.a. basketweave, a type of fabric

See also
 Pamana (disambiguation)
USS Panaman (ID-3299), a United States Navy cargo ship and troop transport in commission from 1918 to 1919
Haljand Udam

Haljand Udam (May 8, 1936 – December 17, 2005) was an Estonian orientalist and translator.

Early life and career
Udam was born in Rakvere in 1936 and graduated from Tartu University as a geologist, but soon became interested in Eastern culture, including Ancient Iranian literature. He studied oriental languages in Tashkent university and Moscow State University Initially specializing in Indology, he became interested in traditionalist philosophers like Guénon. In Moscow, Udam defended his candidate's thesis in 1971 (“On the Special Semantic Aspects of the Persian Sufi Terminology”). Udam has translated several works from Arabic (Ibn Tufail), Persian (Rudaki, Saadi, Ali Safi), Urdu, Tajik, and other languages into Estonian, including Omar Khayyam's Rubaiyat. He also worked as an editor and contributed to Estonian Encyclopedia (Eesti Entsüklopeedia).

Some of his articles on orientalism have also been published in foreign language magazines. Just before his death, Udam managed to finish the translation of Quran into the Estonian language. It was published on the 19 December 2007. Udam was also known as one of the few Estonian intellectuals who aligned with the Conservative Revolution.

Udam was the leading scholar of Islam in Estonia. He died in Viterbo, Italy in 2005.

Footnotes

References

Haljand Udam in memoriam http://www.ekspress.ee/viewdoc/A99CF9B6F0552EC5C22570DD003C25C0
Haljand Udam - inimene kõrvalteelt, Arter, April 22, 2000 https://web.archive.org/web/20080109084947/http://arhiiv2.postimees.ee:8080/leht/00/04/22e/lugu12.htm

Bibliography

Orienditeekond, Tallinn 2001,  (see a review http://20th-century-history-books.com/B0008DAQUI.html)

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20070623230402/http://www.eao.ee/01tekstid/intervjuu_udam.html (Interview with Udam, in Estonian)

1936 births
2005 deaths
Estonian academics
Estonian translators
Quran translators
University of Tartu alumni
Academic staff of Moscow State University
Estonian orientalists
Translators to Estonian
Translators from Arabic
Translators from Persian
Translators from Urdu
20th-century translators
People from Rakvere
Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 5th Class
Eitan Cabel

Eitan Cabel (; born 23 August 1959) is an Israeli politician who represented the Israeli Labor Party in the Knesset from 1996 to 2019.

Biography
Eitan Cabel was born in Rosh HaAyin. After serving in the Israeli Defense Force, he studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was president of the Students' Union.

He is married with 4 children.

Political career
After his graduation he worked as an aide to Agriculture Minister Avraham Katz-Oz, Shimon Peres and Binyamin Ben-Eliezer.

He was first elected to the Knesset in 1996. In the past he served as the chairman of the Subcommittee for the Stock Market, the Economic Affairs Committee, and as the chairman of the Lobby for the Promotion of Culture and Art in Israel. He also served as a member of the House Committee and the Foreign Affairs & Defense Committee, as well the Lobby for Reserve Soldiers and the Social-Environmental Lobby.

In 2007 he resigned his position as Minister without Portfolio, and told Ehud Olmert to resign as well. He said "I can no longer sit in a government headed by Ehud Olmert." He resigned after the Winograd Commission released a report that blamed Olmert and other members of the Israeli government as being responsible for the failures of the Second Lebanon War.

Cabel retained his seat in the 2009 elections, having been placed seventh on the party's list. In that tenure, he initiated a law that put a limit on call center waiting.

On July 21, 2015, Cabel received the Israel Democracy Institute's Outstanding Parliamentarian Award along with MK Aliza Lavie of the Yesh Atid party for their "exemplary parliamentary activity in 2014."

Following a clash with then Labor party leader, Avi Gabbay, in 2019, Cabel was placed at the 15th slot of the party slate and failed to retain his seat in the elections for the 21st Knesset.

References

External links

1959 births
People from Rosh HaAyin
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Government ministers of Israel
Living people
Israeli Jews
One Israel politicians
Israeli Labor Party politicians
Zionist Union politicians
Members of the 14th Knesset (1996–1999)
Members of the 15th Knesset (1999–2003)
Members of the 16th Knesset (2003–2006)
Members of the 17th Knesset (2006–2009)
Members of the 18th Knesset (2009–2013)
Members of the 19th Knesset (2013–2015)
Members of the 20th Knesset (2015–2019)
Zion Gate

Zion Gate (, Sha'ar Zion, , Bab Sahyun), also known in Arabic as Bab Harat al-Yahud ("Jewish Quarter Gate") or Bab an-Nabi Dawud ("Prophet David Gate"), is one of the seven historic Gates of the Old City of Jerusalem.

History
Zion Gate was built in July 1540, west of the location of the medieval gate, which was a direct continuation of the Street of the Jews (also known as the Cardo). Six sentry towers were erected in the southern segment of the wall, four of them situated in the Mount Zion section.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, a leper colony, slaughter house and livestock market were situated in the vicinity of Zion Gate. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, shops were built along the length of the southern wall which were torn down during the British Mandate.

On May 13, 1948, as the British Army withdrew from Jerusalem, a major from the Suffolk Regiment presented Mordechai Weingarten with the key for the Zion Gate.

In 2008, restoration work was carried out on the gate, marking its 468th birthday.

See also

 Gates of the Old City of Jerusalem
 Walls of Jerusalem
Battle for Jerusalem
Suleiman the Magnificent

References

External links
Photos of the Zion Gate at the Manar al-Athar photo archive

Infrastructure completed in 1540
Zion
Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)
Bite Your Tongue

Bite Your Tongue  is the debut solo album by Australian singer-songwriter Tiffani Wood. It was released in Australia on 14 October 2006 through Wood's own independent record label Mudhoney Records.

Album information 
The album was recorded over two years during 2005 and 2006, excluding "The Mirror" which was originally released in 2004 as a b-side to Wood's debut solo single on Warner Music, "What R U Waiting 4". All songs on the album are co-written by Wood, excluding the Divinyls cover of "I Touch Myself". The record takes an uptempo pop rock approach, covering a number of themes such as relationships ("Spin the Bottle", "I Told You", "Ain't Dun Nothing To U"), falling asleep behind the wheel ("Wake Up"), body image ("The Mirror") and the entertainment industry ("Devil in Your Soul", "Free Your Mind"). The imagery for the booklet and artwork was inspired by Wood's love for the 1940s burlesque look.

Herald Sun music reporter Cameron Adams gave the album three stars, stating, "Wood hasn't got the budget for hot overseas hitmakers, but has a powerful voice and never sounds out of depth amid heavy guitars...In a word: sassy".

Track listing 
 "Intro (Phone Talk)" – 0:30
 "Devil in Your Soul" (T. Wood, R. Goncalves) – 3.41
 "Spin the Bottle" (T. Wood, E. Sherlock) – 2.59
 "I Touch Myself" (C. Amphlett, M. Mcentee, B. Steinberg, T. Kelly) – 3.25
 "Wake Up" (T. Wood, E. Sherlock) – 3.31
 "The Mirror" (T. Wood, J. Kempster) – 3.47
 "I Told You" (T. Wood, S. Hawksley) – 3.35
 "9 Lives" (T. Wood, P. Wiltshire, M. Stangel) – 3.22
 "Ain't Dun Nuthin' To U" (T. Wood, R. Goncalves) – 3:19
 "Head" (T. Wood, A. Dahal) – 3:15
 "Free Your Mind" (T. Wood, A. Dahal) – 3:15

Production credits 
 Tracks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 produced by Richie Goncalves
 Track 9 produced and mixed by Paul Wiltshire and Michael Strangel for PLW Productions
 Track 6 produced and mixed by Tony Cvetkovski
 Tracks 4, 5, 7, 9, 11 mixed by James Katski
 Tracks 2, 3, 10 mixed by Peter Mayes
 Tracks 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11 mastered by Rick O'Neil
 Tracks 2, 3, 10 mastered by Steve Smart
 Track 8 mastered by David Macquarie

Singles

References

External links 
 

2006 debut albums
Tiffani Wood albums
Hot Rod (disambiguation)

A Hot rod is a typically American car with a large engine modified for linear speed.

Hot Rod may also refer to:

Hot Rod (video game), a 1988 arcade game by Sega
Hot Rod (1950 film), a 1950 American drama film
Hot Rod (1979 film), an American film
Hot Rod (2007 film), a film starring Andy Samberg
Hot Rod (magazine), an American car magazine
Hot Rods (oval racing), a British motorsport
Hot Rod (Transformers), several fictional robot superhero characters in the Transformers robot superhero franchise
 Bowling Green Hot Rods, the Full A team of the Tampa Bay Rays
Hot Rod Condoms, a U.S. condom brand

In music 
Hot rod music, a subgenre of surf music
"Hot Rod", a 2000 song by Peaches from The Teaches of Peaches
Hot Rod (rapper) (born 1985), American rapper and recording artist from Phoenix, Arizona

In nicknames 
Hot Rod Hundley (1934–2015), American basketball player and sportscaster
John "Hot Rod" Williams (1962–2015), American basketball player
Roddy Piper or Hot Rod (1954–2015), professional wrestler
Hot Rod Fuller, participant in the 2008 NHRA Powerade Drag Racing Series season
Rodrigo Blankenship (born 1997), American football placekicker
Gad Granach

Gad Granach (29 March 1915 – 6 January 2011) was the son of German actor Alexander Granach known for his roles in Nosferatu, Ninotchka, and For Whom the Bell Tolls. Gad Granach fled Germany at the age of 21 during the rise of Nazism, immigrating to the then-British Mandate of Palestine in 1936. He published a memoir entitled Where is Home? Stories from the Life of a German-Jewish Émigré (originally in German: Heimat los! Aus dem Leben eines jüdischen Emigranten) recounting of his early life in Berlin and subsequent life in Israel.

Literature
 Gad Granach: Where is Home? Stories from the Life of a German-Jewish Émigré, Atara Press, Los Angeles 2009, 
 Gad Granach: Heimat los! Aus dem Leben eines jüdischen Emigranten, Ölbaum-Verlag, Augsburg 1997, ; Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt 2000, , Random House/Bertlesmann, Munich 2008, 
 Alexander Granach: Da geht ein Mensch, Ölbaum-Verlag, Augsburg 2003, 
 Alexander Granach: There Goes a Mensch: A Memoir, Atara Press, Los Angeles 2019, 
 Alexander Granach: "From the Shtetl to the Stage: The Odyssey of a Wandering Actor" Transaction Publishers, 2010.

Film
Israel, Why (Pourquoi Israel), directed by Claude Lanzmann, France, 1973
Granach der Jüngere, directed by Anke Apelt, Germany, 1997
Alexander Granach - Da geht ein Mensch, directed by Angelika Wittlich, Germany, 2012

Audio recordings
Ach So! Gad Granach und Henryk Broder on Tour CD, Ölbaum-Verlag, Augsburg 2000,

References

1915 births
2011 deaths
People from Rheinsberg
Actors from the Province of Brandenburg
German Jews
German memoirists
German male non-fiction writers
German emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
Israeli people of German-Jewish descent
Dyki Tantsi

Dyki tantsi (Ukrainian: Дикі танці; transl. Wild Dances) is the fourth studio album by Ukrainian singer-songwriter Ruslana. It was released on June 10, 2003. Some of the songs featured in this album are also featured on Wild Dances, after she won the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest.

Track listing

Russian edition

Czech edition

Eurobonus edition

Release history

Charts

External links
Album review

References 

2003 albums
Ruslana albums
Dobryi vechir, tobi...

"Добрий вечір, тобі ..." (Good Evening To You) is a compilation EP by Ruslana, released in 2002. On this compilation EP, Ruslana presents the Christmas hits of the Ukrainian stars: Ruslana, Yevhenia Vlasova, Ani Lorak, Viktor Pavlik, Haydamaky, Oleksandr Ponomariov, and Taras Chubay.

Track listing
 "Dobryi vechir" (Dmytro Tsyperdiuk version) (Ruslana)
 "Mykolai Borodatyi" (Taras Chubay)
 "Syple snih" (Yevhenia Vlasova)
 "Rizdvo, Rizdvo" (Ani Lorak)
 "Nova Radist'" (Viktor Pavlik)
 "Misyats'" (Taisiya Povaliy)
 "Sviat vechir" (Haydamaky)
 "Dobryi vechir" (DJ Nekrasov version) (Ruslana)
 "Raduisya, svit" (Oleksandr Ponomariov)
 "Utishymosya" (Ruslana, Pikkardiyska Tertsiya, Taras Chubay)
 "Zyma" (Ani Lorak, Viktor Pavlik, Oleksandr Ponomariov, Ruslana, Taras Chubay)
 "Tykha Nich" (Ruslana)
 "Dobryi vechir" (original) (Ruslana)

Charts

Ruslana albums

cs:Diskografie Ruslany#Dobryj večir, tobi…
Naikrashche

Найкраще (The Best) is an album by the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2004, Ruslana, released in 2001.

Track listing

Ruslana albums

cs:Diskografie Ruslany#Najkrašče
't Hooft symbol

The t Hooft symbol is a collection of numbers which allows one to express the generators of the SU(2) Lie algebra in terms of the generators of Lorentz algebra. The symbol is a blend between the Kronecker delta and the Levi-Civita symbol. It was introduced by Gerard 't Hooft. It is used in the construction of the BPST instanton.

Definition 

 is the 't Hooft symbol:

Where  and  are instances of the Kronecker delta, and  is the Levi-Civita symbol.

In other words, they are defined by

()

where the latter are the anti-self-dual 't Hooft symbols.

Matrix Form 

In matrix form, the 't Hooft symbols are

and their anti-self-duals are the following:

Properties 

They satisfy the self-duality and the anti-self-duality properties:

Some other properties are

 
 
 
 

The same holds for  except for

and

Obviously  due to different
duality properties.

Many properties of these are tabulated in the appendix of 't Hooft's paper and also in the article by Belitsky et al.

See also

Instanton
 't Hooft anomaly
't Hooft–Polyakov monopole
't Hooft loop

References

Gauge theories
Mathematical symbols
Ostannie rizdvo 90-kh

Ostannie rizdvo 90-kh (, Last Christmas of 90's) is an album by the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 2004, Ruslana, released in 1999. It consists of Christmas carols and other Christmas-related tracks.

Track listing
 "Чудо із чудес…" / "Алелуя!" ("Miracle of miracles" / "Halleluyah!")
 "In Excelsis Deo"
 "Коляда"
 "Добрий вечір тобі…"
 "Радуйся, світ!"
 "Тиха ніч" ("Silent night")
 Різдвяна тема (live) (Christmas theme (live))
 інтродукція до фільму "Різдво з Русланою" "Тиха ніч" (live) (Introduction to film "Christmas with Ruslana" "Silent Night" (live))
 "Чудо із чудес…" / "Алелуя!" (live)
 "Радуйся, світ!" (instrumental)
 "Добрий вечір тобі…" (instrumental)

Ruslana albums
1999 albums

cs:Diskografie Ruslany#Ostanně Rizdvo 90-ch
Lateral arcuate ligament

The lateral arcuate ligament (also lateral lumbocostal arch and external arcuate ligament) is a ligament under the diaphragm that arches across the upper part of the quadratus lumborum muscle. It is traversed by the subcostal nerve, artery and vein.

Structure
The lateral arcuate ligament runs from the front of the transverse process of the first lumbar vertebra, and, laterally, to the tip and lower margin of the twelfth rib. It forms an arch over the quadratus lumborum muscle.

Variations
The lateral arcuate ligament is commonly described in anatomy textbooks as attaching at the first lumbar vertebra (L1). However, other instances have been found in cadaver studies with attachments at either the second (L2) or third (L3) lumbar vertebra.

In around 5% of people, inferolateral extensions of the lateral arcuate ligaments, such as thickened nodular areas, are found adjacent to the lateral diaphragmatic surface which can be visualized with computed tomography (CT) scans.

History
The lateral arcuate ligaments were described by Galen, as early as AD 177. This was found in his animal dissections performed as part of his Rome lectures, collected in De Anatomicus Administrationibus.

See also
 Medial arcuate ligament
 Median arcuate ligament

References

External links
  - "The abdominal surface of the diaphragm."
  ()

Ligaments of the torso
Thoracic diaphragm
Medial arcuate ligament

The medial arcuate ligament (also medial lumbocostal arch and internal arcuate ligament) is a tendinous fascia that arches over the psoas major muscle as it passes posterior the diaphragm.

Structure
The medial arcuate ligament is an arch in the fascia covering the upper part of the psoas major.  It is attached to the side of the body of the first or second lumbar vertebra, laterally, it is fixed to the front of the transverse process of the first and, sometimes also, to that of the second lumbar vertebra.

It lies between the lateral arcuate ligament and the midline median arcuate ligament.

The sympathetic chain enters the abdomen by passing deep into this ligament of the diaphragm. This is in contrast to the parasympathetic Vagus nerve which passes through the esophageal hiatus.

See also
 Lateral arcuate ligament
 Median arcuate ligament

References

External links
 
  ()

Ligaments of the torso
Thoracic diaphragm
Cleisthenes (disambiguation)

Cleisthenes can refer to:
 Cleisthenes, the reformer of ancient Athens.
 Cleisthenes of Sicyon, the ancient tyrant of Sicyon.
 Cleisthenes (son of Sibyrtius), an Athenian theoros satirized by Aristophanes 
 Cleisthenes (fish), a genus of flounders.
Lumbocostal arch

Lumbocostal arch can refer to:
 Medial lumbocostal arch
 Lateral lumbocostal arch
Brendan Fowler

Brendan Fowler (born 24 March 1978 in Berkeley, CA) is a Los Angeles-based musician and multi-disciplinary artist who works in photography, sculpture, and performance. He first became known for his music performances and records released under the name of BARR. He is a regular performer at The Smell, a DIY music venue. He formerly co-ran Doggpony Records and co-edited ANP (Artist Network Program) Quarterly - an Orange County-based arts and culture publication funded by RVCA. Fowler has performed with Tracy and the Plastics, The New England Roses–a band consisting of Fowler, Sarah Shapiro, and Le Tigre's JD Samson–and Car Clutch, among others. He is the founder of the label VR/DM8H493.

Fowler turned to work in the visual arts in 2008. His artworks have been exhibited at Rivington Arms, New York, NY; Half Gallery, New York, NY; LAXART, Los Angeles, CA; Hezi Cohen Gallery, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY; A Palazzo Gallery, Brescia, Italy; UNTITLED, New York, NY; Gemeente Museum Den Haag, the Netherlands; Shane Campbell Gallery, Chicago, IL. Upcoming exhibitions include Open Tunings at MIT List Visual Arts Center in November 2014.

Discography

 Split 7" (with Lil Pocketknife) (2004), Deathbomb Arc, Abstract Machine 
 What Would the Second BARR (2004), Doggpony Records, Tapes Records
 Split 7" (with This Song Is A Mess But So Am I) (2005), Oedipus Records
 Beyond Reinforced Jewel Case (2005), 5RC
 PPM9 7" (2006) PPM
 Summary (2007), 5RC

References

External links
 Brendan Fowler CV
 Official BARR site
 5RC (record label)
 Doggpony Records
 ANP Quarterly Magazine
 L.A. RECORD interview (March 2008)
 Artkrush.com feature on BARR (January 2006)
 Summary Review at Pitchfork Media

1978 births
Living people
Musicians from Berkeley, California
Singers from California
21st-century American singers
John Fisher Wood

John Fisher Wood,  (October 12, 1852 – March 14, 1899) was an Ontario businessman, lawyer and politician. He represented Brockville in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal-Conservative from 1882 to 1899.

He was born in Addison in Canada West in 1852 (some sources say 1850), the son of a Scottish immigrant. He taught school in Farmersville (Athens). He later studied law with Christopher Finlay Fraser in Brockville, was called to the bar in 1876 and set up practice in Brockville. In 1890, he was named Queen's Counsel. He served as solicitor for the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville and was also vice-president of the Brockville, Westport and Sault Ste. Marie Railway. In 1882, he was elected to the House of Commons. He was deputy speaker in the House from 1890 to 1891. From 1892 to 1895, he served as Controller of Inland Revenue; he served as Controller of Customs from 1895 to 1896. Controllers were government ministers. Wood was part of the "nest of traitors" who forced Mackenzie Bowell to resign as Prime Minister in 1896.

He died in Toronto in 1899 of heart failure.

Electoral record 

On Mr. Wood's nomination as Controller of Inland Revenue, 5 December 1892:

External links
 
 

1852 births
1899 deaths
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
Canadian King's Counsel
People from Leeds and Grenville United Counties
Paul Fearing

Paul Fearing (February 28, 1762 – August 21, 1822) was an American politician who served as a delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the Northwest Territory.

Early life and education 
Fearing was born in Wareham, Province of Massachusetts Bay. He was prepared for college by tutors and graduated from Harvard University in 1785. He studied law in Windham, Connecticut and was admitted to the bar in 1787.

Career 
He moved to the Northwest Territory in May 1788 and engaged in the practice of law at Fort Harmar, now a part of Marietta, Ohio. He was the first lawyer to practice in the Northwest Territory.

Fearing was appointed the United States counsel for Washington County in 1788 and a probate judge in 1797. He was a member of the Territorial legislature from 1799 to 1801. He was elected as a Federalist a Delegate to the Seventh Congress (March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1802. He resumed the practice of law and engaged in fruit and stock raising. He was appointed associate judge of the court of common pleas in 1810 and served seven years. He was appointed master in chancery in 1814.  Fearing was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1816.

Death 
He died at his home near Marietta, Ohio in 1822. He was buried in Harmar Cemetery, Marietta.

References

Further reading
Bloom, Jo Tice. "The Congressional Delegates from the Northwest Territory, 1799-1803." The Old Northwest 3 (March 1977): 3-21.

1762 births
1822 deaths
Burials in Ohio
Delegates to the United States House of Representatives from the Northwest Territory
Harvard University alumni
Members of the American Antiquarian Society
Northwest Territory House of Representatives
Ohio Federalists
Ohio state court judges
People from Wareham, Massachusetts
People from Windham, Connecticut
Politicians from Marietta, Ohio
Music School "Toše Proeski"

The Music School (, Muzičko Učilište – Bitola) is a state school that is located in Bitola, North Macedonia. Home to a population of over 1500 students, it is one of the most popular schools for music in the former Yugoslavia and Balkans. It provides a full education which includes solfege, music theory, and music history. It has produced some of the best-known musicians in the country such as Toše Proeski, Marijan Stojanovski, Lambe Alabakoski, Tanja Tzarovska, Karolina Gočeva, Dimitar Andonovski and Hristijan Spirovski.

History of the school
This school was founded in 1947 and was located in the Radio Bitola building. There was much interest in this school during that time. There were three music degrees in the school: piano, theoretical and strings. The school was then called "Nizo Muzicko Uciliste-Bitola" or "Primary School for Music Education." In the school at that time, Kire Kostov and Slave Dimitrov were students. In 1980 the school name was changed to today's name and the location is near Marshal Tito Street in the centre of the city. The school carries approximately 1800 students, all from South Macedonia. A proportion of the school's enrolment comes from a further field; either to participate in special programs like theory degree, instrument degree or solo singer degree. Each of these degrees have many teachers and examiners at the end of every year. For example if you are in the piano degree then you will study Piano, Chamber Music, Sight reading, Solfege, Theory and English. If you are a solo singer, the preference is to learn the Italian Language and Solfege, respectively.
The school received a donation from the American government and constructed all buildings, especially at the Primary school for music.

School structure
The school is constructed to educate students from Year 1 to Year 4. Each year the students have different teachers and subjects. It has four class coordinators, a director and a pedagogue.

Admission
Students are of both genders and any sexuality, ethnicity, socio-economic status, age, geographic location or ability. This Centre selects the students in this way:
Location
It really doesn't matter where do you live, unless you attend all classes. The music talent which includes singing, or playing some instrument is really appreciated.

Notable alumni

 Nataša Stojanovska, pianist
 Marina Stojanovska, pianist
 Kire Kostov, composer
 Slave Dimitrov, singer and composer
 Tode Novačevski, composer
 Todor Svetiev, pianist
 Vladimir Kostov, violinist
 Marija Vrskova, pianist

External links
Official Website

Education in Bitola
Buildings and structures in Bitola
Music schools in Europe
Music organizations based in North Macedonia
Educational institutions established in 1947
Snowy River Shire

The Snowy River Shire was a local government area in the Australian Alps region of New South Wales, Australia from 1939 until May 2016. It was named after the Snowy River that runs through it. Prior to 1936, it had been named as Dalgety Shire since establishment in 1906.

History
The Dalgety Shire Council changed its name to Snowy River Shire in 1939. The council seat was at Berridale, which caused delays when mail and deliveries were erroneously sent to Dalgety. Dalgety was one of several new shires established in June 1906.

A 2015 review of local government boundaries recommended that the Snowy River Shire merge with the Bombala and Cooma-Monaro shires to form a new council with an area of  and support a population of approximately . On 12 May 2016, the Snowy River Shire merged with Bombala and Cooma-Monaro shires to form the Snowy Monaro Regional Council.

The last mayor of the Snowy River Shire was Cr. John Cahill, an independent politician.

Towns and localities
The administrative centre of the former Shire was the town of Berridale, with the sub-alpine town of Jindabyne providing the main commercial centre for the southern Snowy Mountains resort area. The town of Adaminaby is the service centre for the northern snowfields resorts and the starting point for most trout fishers eager to test their skills in the rivers and streams or the enormous expanse of Lake Eucumbene.  It also includes the village of Dalgety, Anglers Reach, the ghost town of Kiandra, and the ski resorts of Thredbo, Perisher, Smiggin Holes, Guthega, and Blue Cow.

Council

Final composition and election method
Prior to its abolition, Snowy River Shire Council was composed of seven councillors, including the mayor, elected for fixed four-year terms of office. The mayor was directly elected while the six other councillors were elected proportionally as one entire ward. The last election was held on 8 September 2012, and the makeup of the former council, including the mayor, was as follows:

The last Council, elected in 2012, in order of election, was:

References 

Former local government areas of New South Wales
2016 disestablishments in Australia
1939 establishments in Australia
Sendai Airport Line

The  is an airport rail link service connecting Sendai Airport to Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.  Rail service began on March 18, 2007.

Data
The third-sector Sendai Airport Transit Co., Ltd. (SAT) started construction of the line in 2002.  The construction cost is expected to reach 34.9 billion yen, and it may take as long as thirty years before the railway turns a profit.

Route: Natori Station – Sendai Airport Station
Length: 7.1 km
Gauge: 
Number of stations: 4, including terminals
Multiple-track sections: Single-track except for passing loop at Mitazono Station
Electrification: 20,000 V AC
Block system: Special automatic blocking (planned)
Rolling stock: JR E721-500 and SAT721 series 2-car EMUs

Station list

Rolling stock
SAT has ordered six 2-car SAT721 trainsets which are used in conjunction with similar design JR E721-500 series sets. The stainless-steel bodied trains feature barrier-free design and have a top speed of 120 km/h. LED indicators show the stations and destination. Train interior and exterior announcements are given in Japanese and English.

Connections
From Natori Station, service extends via the Tōhoku Main Line tracks to Sendai Station, a stop for the Tōhoku Shinkansen express trains located in central Sendai. From Sendai Station, it takes 17 minutes (rapid service) or 25 minutes (local service) to get to the airport. The railway also has advertised that Sendai Airport can be reached from neighboring cities such as Fukushima and Ichinoseki in under one hour.

Trains can be up to six cars in length. Besides being faster than existing bus services from the city, with a fare of 400 yen from Natori Station, or 650 yen from Sendai Station, the rail service is also less expensive.

Sendai Airport Transit

 is a third-sector company in charge of constructing and running the Sendai Airport Line train service between Sendai Airport Station and Natori Station in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.

History
The company was founded on April 7, 2000, and  has capital of over seven billion yen. The Sendai Airport Line opened on March 18, 2007, electrified at 20 kV AC. The line was severely damaged by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, and service was suspended indefinitely from March 11, 2011, and reopened on October 1 of that year.

Rolling stock 
The company owns three two-car SAT721 series EMU trains (identical in design to the JR East E721-500 series sets)

References

External links

Sendai Airport Transit website 
 
SAT from Sendai airport to Sendai Stn. (how-to movies on transportation in Sendai)
SAT from Sendai Stn. to Sendai airport (how-to movies on transportation in Sendai)

 
Railway lines in Japan
Rail transport in Miyagi Prefecture
Airport rail links in Japan
Railway lines opened in 2007
1067 mm gauge railways in Japan
Japanese third-sector railway lines
2007 establishments in Japan
Railway companies of Japan
Railway companies established in 2000
Pubic crest

Medial to the pubic tubercle is the pubic crest, which extends from this process to the medial end of the pubic bone.

It gives attachment to the conjoint tendon,  the rectus abdominis, the abdominal external oblique muscle, and the pyramidalis muscle.

The point of junction of the crest with the medial border of the bone is called the angle to it, as well as to the symphysis, the superior crus of the subcutaneous inguinal ring is attached.

References

External links
 

Bones of the pelvis
Pubis (bone)