alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Dutch–Hanseatic War

The Dutch–Hanseatic War was a conflict between the County of Holland, acting independently of the rest of the Burgundian Netherlands of which it formed part, and the Hanseatic League. It led to little actual fighting, with a Dutch fleet patrolling Øresund while a Hanseatic fleet blocked their access to the Baltic Sea. It ended after Eric of Pomerania was forced from the throne of Denmark in 1440, and the new king Christopher of Bavaria sought a resolution. Peace was concluded in 1441 with the Treaty of Copenhagen.

Background
The Dutch–Hanseatic War was a war of trade competition and control of Baltic shipping. For several years, tensions between Dutch and Hanseatic traders had risen as the Hanseatic traders struggled to keep Dutch trade with Livonia limited. In response, the Dutch had begun employing privateers against German shipping.

Events and resolution
On 14 April 1438 a formal war was declared by the Dutch administration against the six Wendish cities of the League—Hamburg, Lübeck, Lüneburg, Greifswald, Stettin (now Szczecin) and Anklam—and the County of Holstein, and on 23 April the Hanseatic League informed its member cities of the situation and advised shipping via Flanders, rather than Holland or Zeeland. Little actual fighting took place throughout the war, though in May 1438 the Dutch mobilised all suitable ships in Holland and ordered the construction of 79 new vessels. During much of 1438–1440, the Dutch fleet patrolled Øresund but didn't manage to penetrate deeply into the Baltic Sea itself, as the Wendish fleet managed to block the passage. The State of the Teutonic Order however declared itself neutral, and the cities in Prussia refused any military assistance to support the Hanseatic war effort.

When Eric of Pomerania was forced from the throne of Denmark in 1440, an opening for a settlement with the new king Christopher of Bavaria presented itself. Though nominally allied with the Hanseatic cities, he favoured reconciliation and a solution to the conflict, and even awarded Dutch traders the same rights as Hanseatic traders in Denmark. In September 1441 a peace settlement was made through the Treaty of Copenhagen. The settlement meant that the two parties granted each other free trading rights, which gave the Dutch unrestricted access to trade on the Baltic again. This was to be of long-term benefit for the Dutch rather than the German cities, but the peace settlement also contained costly reparations which the Dutch had to pay.

References 

Wars involving the Hanseatic League
Wars involving the Netherlands
Trade wars
1430s conflicts
1440s conflicts
15th century in the Netherlands
15th century in the Burgundian Netherlands
Francisco Pacheco (singer)

Francisco Pacheco (born October 10, 1955 at Cata, Aragua State), is a Venezuelan folk singer and drummer who had a more than twenty-year career.  He was a major parranda singer, and for much of his career he was a member of the group Un Solo Pueblo.  His most popular songs with that group include "Botaste la Bola", "La Cultura Popular", "Quien ha visto negro como yo", "La matica, Viva Venezuela", "Margot, La Arigua". In 2001, he released the album Francisco Pacheco y su pueblo. He was also a member of the group Quitandinha Serenader. In 2013, he released the album Diversidad.

References

External links
Francisco Pacheco Discography (Partial)

1955 births
Living people
People from Aragua
Venezuelan folk singers
Roland "Slim" Simpson

Roland Simpson (1969 – 22 October 2004) was a BASE jumper with over 1,000 jumps. He was born in Australia in 1969. He was a qualified tandem master and a wingsuit instructor. He became the US national exit style champion in 1998, and the US national champion in 1999.

BASE life
Since 1993 he was well known as a BASE jumper. He won many awards and made many successful leaps, including a jump from Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia, Troll Wall in Norway, and the Cave of the Swallows in Mexico. He even participated in making the world's record in jumping from fixed objects on 3 July 2004, when 30 jumpers leapt at the same time.

On 25 April 2001 in Garie Beach (Australia), he had a serious accident in which he was badly injured. His injuries were three broken vertebrae, two broken femurs, a broken collarbone, a punctured lung, and a smashed pelvis. A year after the accident, he returned to the sport. He was always active in BASE jumping.

Fatal injuries from last BASE jump

On 5 October 2004 during Chinese National Day Holiday, a multi-national group of BASE jumpers who were invited by the Shanghai Sports Bureau leapt from the top of the tower. The next day, Roland Simpson leapt from the Jin Mao Building, the tallest skyscraper in China at the time, in a wingsuit. After a good jump and flight, his parachute opened with multiple line twists making it difficult to steer and he crashed onto an adjacent building. He went into a coma. He was then returned to Australia, where he died from his injuries in Canberra Hospital at 2:30pm AEST on 22 October 2004. He is number 85 on the BASE Fatality List.

References

External links
 

1969 births
2004 deaths
Australian skydivers
Wingsuit flight deaths
Sport deaths in Australia
Igor Frenkel

Igor Borisovich Frenkel (; born April 22, 1952) is a Russian-American mathematician at Yale University working in representation theory and mathematical physics.

Frenkel emigrated to the United States in 1979. He received his PhD from Yale University in 1980 with a dissertation on the "Orbital Theory for Affine Lie Algebras".  He held positions at the IAS and MSRI, and a tenured professorship at Rutgers University, before taking his current job of tenured professor at Yale University. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2018. He is also a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Mathematical work

In collaboration with James Lepowsky and Arne Meurman, he constructed the monster vertex algebra, a vertex algebra which provides a representation of the monster group.

Around 1990, as a member of the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study, Frenkel worked on the mathematical theory of knots, hoping to develop a theory in which the knot would be seen as a physical object. He continued to develop the idea with his student Mikhail Khovanov, and their collaboration ultimately led to the discovery of Khovanov homology, a refinement of the Jones polynomial, in 2002.

A detailed description of Igor Frenkel's research over the years can be found in

References

External links
Home page

1952 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
Rutgers University faculty
Yale University faculty
Mathematicians from Saint Petersburg
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Yale University alumni
Corris Uchaf

Corris Uchaf () is a village lying in the south of the Snowdonia National Park in Gwynedd, Wales. 
The slate quarries that surround Corris Uchaf are its most prominent feature.

Description 
The village lies in the valley of the Afon Deri (), and is threaded by the A487 road, a trunk road between Dolgellau and Machynlleth. The Afon Deri runs into the Afon Dulas

The quarries around the village are Abercwmeiddaw and Abercorris, Gaewern and Braichgoch. The quarry operations were owned by the Lloyd Family and Wincilate Welsh Slate/Inigo Jones were and are still run by John Lloyd.

The narrow-gauge horse-drawn Upper Corris Tramway was part of the infrastructure which carried slate from the quarries to Machynlleth.

Corris Uchaf has a garden of Italian Follies or Folly built by Mark & Muriel Bourne, A trust was recently set up to care for the site.

The village also contains a local authority homeless and probation hostel in the large building known as Rhianfa.

Corris Uchaf is also part of what is known as "The Mach Loop", a low fly zone for military aircraft with the military prefix reference LFA7.

In the 2010s, approximately 100 abandoned cars were discovered in the Cavern of Lost Souls.

Government 
The village has a community council. The current representatives are Marit Olsson, Sharon Wells and the local councillor who often attends is John Pughe Roberts. The community council system replaced the old parish council system and tackles local issues, acts as a contact point between local government and residents for information and resource on many environmental, equality, ethnicity and gender issues and other problems.

Notable residents 
 Writer Geraint Goodwin lived in the village in 1938 and 1939.
 Classical composer Otto Freudenthal in 2006–2017.

References

External links

 Community council
 Eco Dyfi Valley Partnership
 Corris Craft Centre
 King Arthur's Labyrinth
 www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Corris Uchaf and surrounding area
 Corris Institute
 : winslate welsh slate
 : Death A489 Corris Uchaf
 hostel Corris Uchaf
 Inigo Jones

Villages in Gwynedd
Corris
Corris Railway
James Lepowsky

James Lepowsky (born July 5, 1944) is a professor of mathematics at Rutgers University, New Jersey. Previously he taught at Yale University. He received his Ph.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1970 where his advisors were Bertram Kostant and Sigurdur Helgason. Lepowsky graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1961, 16 years after Kostant.   His current research is in the areas of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and vertex algebras. He has written several books on vertex algebras and related topics. In 1988, in a joint work with Igor Frenkel and Arne Meurman, he constructed the monster vertex algebra (also known as the Moonshine module). His PhD students include Stefano Capparelli, Yi-Zhi Huang, Haisheng Li, Arne Meurman, and Antun Milas.

In 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Notes

References

External links
 

Stuyvesant High School alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Rutgers University faculty
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
1944 births
Living people
Mathematicians from New York (state)
Arne Meurman

Arne Meurman (born 6 April 1956) is a Swedish mathematician working on finite groups and vertex operator algebras. Currently, he is a professor at Lund University.

He is best known for constructing the monster vertex algebra together with Igor Frenkel and James Lepowsky.

He is interested in chess.

Publications

 Igor Frenkel, James Lepowsky, Arne Meurman, "Vertex operator algebras and the Monster". Pure and Applied Mathematics, 134.  Academic Press, Inc., Boston, MA, 1988. liv+508 pp. 
 Arne Meurman, Mirko Primc, "Annihilating fields of standard modules of sl (2,C) and combinatorial identities", Memoirs AMS 1999

References

External links

Homepage

1956 births
Living people
People connected to Lund University
20th-century Swedish mathematicians
21st-century Swedish mathematicians
LL chondrite

The LL chondrites are a group of stony meteorites, the least abundant group of the ordinary chondrites, accounting for about 10–11% of observed ordinary-chondrite falls and 8–9% of all meteorite falls (see meteorite fall statistics). The ordinary chondrites are thought to have originated from three parent asteroids, with the fragments making up the H chondrite, L chondrite and LL chondrite groups respectively. The composition of the Chelyabinsk meteorite is that of a LL chondrite meteorite. The material makeup of Itokawa, the asteroid visited by the Hayabusa spacecraft which landed on it and brought particles back to Earth also proved to be type LL chondrite.

Name
LL stands for Low (total) iron, Low metal.

Chemical composition
They contain 19–22% total iron and only 0.3–3% metallic iron. That means that most of the iron is present as iron oxide (FeO) in the silicates; olivine contains 26 to 32 mol% fayalite (Fa). The most abundant minerals are hypersthene (a pyroxene) and olivine. Other minerals include Fe–Ni, troilite (FeS), feldspar or feldspathic glass, chromite, and phosphates.

Structural composition
LL chondrites contain the largest chondrules of the ordinary chondrite groups, averaging around  diameter.

The LL group includes many of the most primitive ordinary chondrites, including the well-studied Semarkona (type 3.0) chondrite.  However, most LL chondrites have been thermally metamorphosed to petrologic types 5 and 6, meaning that their minerals are homogeneous in composition and chondrule borders are difficult to discern.

This, together with the low content of metal, led the 19th century mineralogist Tschermak to determine that they formed a transitional stage between chondrites and achondrites and to name them amphoterites.  We know now that LL chondrites and achondrites are quite different, so this name is no longer in use.

Many of the LL chondrites are breccias.

See also
 Glossary of meteoritics
 S-type asteroid

References

Bibliography
F. Heide and F. Wlotzka, Meteorites: Messengers from Space. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

fi:LL-kondriitti
AVN Adult Entertainment Expo

The AVN Adult Entertainment Expo (AEE) is an adult entertainment convention and trade show held each January in Las Vegas, Nevada and is sponsored by AVN magazine. AEE is the largest pornography industry trade show in the United States. The 2007 AVN Expo had over 30,000 attendees, which included 355 exhibiting companies.

Description

The AEE is a four-day show which mixes industry-only events with open hours for fans seeking autographs, photo opportunities, and memorabilia. The first two days are "Trade Only" (with access limited to people in the adult industry), and the remainder of the show includes open hours for fans. One of the major aspects of the AEE is that most of the major adult entertainment stars make appearances. The AVN Awards are presented on the show's closing night. The 2018 show was held January 24–27.

History

Until 2012, the AEE was usually held at the Sands Expo and Convention Center concurrently with the Consumer Electronics Show (CES). In 2012, the AEE was held at the Las Vegas Hard Rock Hotel and Casino on January 18–21, one week after the 2012 CES to help exhibitors minimize travel expenses and maximize networking opportunities.

In 2013, the 15th annual AEE was again held at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, and the 2014 AEE was held January 15–18 at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, as was the 2015 AEE.

Coverage
The 1998 AEE and associated 15th AVN Awards are the subject of David Foster Wallace's article "Neither Adult nor Entertainment", published in Premiere, and later reprinted and extended as "Big Red Son", the first essay of his collection Consider the Lobster. The 2003 AEE was filmed as part of the production of the 2004 film The Girl Next Door.

See also
AVN Awards
GayVN Awards

References

External links

 
 AVN - Adult Video News
 AVN Adult Entertainment Expo Coverage 2004-2007 from XCritic

Erotic events
Pornography in Nevada
Las Vegas Valley conventions and trade shows
Trade shows in the United States
Kensaku Segoe

was a professional Go player.  (His surname is occasionally given as Segoshi, but that appears to be a misreading, even if attested by furigana in some books he authored.)

Biography 
Segoe had Go Seigen, Utaro Hashimoto, and Cho Hunhyun as pupils. He also authored numerous books, such as his Tesuji Dictionary (with Go Seigen) and Go proverbs Illustrated. An internal quarrel in the Nihon Ki-in led to his becoming an isolated, if very much respected, figure. His participation in competition post-1945 was quite low.

He committed suicide on July 27, 1972, shortly after his pupil Cho Hun-hyun returned to South Korea for military service.

References 

1889 births
1972 suicides
1972 deaths
Japanese Go players
Go (game) writers
Suicides in Japan
Dansk Biografisk Leksikon

Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (usually abbreviated DBL; title of first edition written Dansk biografisk Lexikon) is a Danish biographical dictionary that has been published in three editions. The first edition, Dansk biografisk Lexikon, tillige omfattende Norge for tidsrummet 1537–1814 ("...including Norway for the period 1537–1814") was published in nineteen volumes 1887–1905 under the editorship of the historian Carl Frederik Bricka. The first edition, which is in the public domain is available online at Projekt Runeberg.

Later editions were published 1933–1934 (27 volumes) and 1979–1984 (16 volumes). While some of the biographies from the previous editions have been updated in the third edition, many others – considered of less contemporary relevance – were left out and need to be consulted in its predecessors.

Editions
Dansk biografisk Lexikon, tillige omfattende Norge for tidsrummet 1537–1814, editor: C. F. Bricka, 19 volumes, Copenhagen:Gyldendal, 1887–1905
Dansk biografisk Leksikon, 2nd edition, 27 volumes, editors: Povl Engelstoft and Svend Dahl, Copenhagen, 1933–44.
Dansk biografisk leksikon, 3rd edition, 16 volumes, editor: Svend Cedergreen Bech, Copenhagen, 1979–84.

Online access
Searchable online access to the articles, some of which have been updated, is available from Gyldendal's Den Store Danske website.

See also
List of Danish online encyclopedic resources

References

External links
Digital facsimile of the first edition, at Projekt Runeberg.

Danish biographical dictionaries
Danish encyclopedias
1887 non-fiction books
1933 non-fiction books
1979 non-fiction books
19th-century encyclopedias
20th-century encyclopedias
Adil Shah Suri

Adil Shah Suri was the seventh and final ruler of the Sur Empire. He was the brother in law of Sikandar Shah Suri, who ruled over a region east of Delhi after Sikandar Shah Suri was defeated by Humayun in 1555. He and Sikandar Shah Suri were contenders for the Delhi throne against the Mughal emperor Akbar.

Early in Adil Shah's reign, he fought back a challenge from Muhammad Shah, ruler of Bengal. At the battle of Chhapparghatta in December 1555, Adil Shah and his Hindu general Hemu routed the Bengali forces and Muhammad Shah was killed.  The following year, following the child-Emperor Akbar's absence from Delhi on a campaign, Hemu attacked and defeated the regent Tardi Beg Khan who fled the city of Delhi and started building up an army in the Punjab to retake Delhi.  This was Hemu's 22nd successive victory in battle and rather than appoint Adil Shah as ruler he appointed himself ruler.

Meanwhile, the Bengal throne had passed on to Ghiyasuddin Abul Muzaffar Bahadur Shah, son of the slain Muhammad Shah.  After killing an ambitious uncle, Bahadur Shah marched against Adil Shah to avenge his father's murder. In the battle of Fathpur in Munghyr in April 1557 Adil Shah's army was routed and Adil himself was captured and killed, bringing an effective end to the Sur Empire.

See also
History of India
Sur Empire

1557 deaths
Sur Empire
Indian Muslims
Indian people of Pashtun descent
Indian people of Afghan descent
Year of birth unknown
Dynasties of India
Sequenza XI

Sequenza XI for solo guitar (1987–1988) is one of a series of Sequenzas by Luciano Berio. Written for the American guitarist Eliot Fisk, it is an innovative investigation into the dramatic and virtuosic possibilities of musical performance.

Form
The composition is in four large sections, and sets out from the six pitches of the open strings of the guitar. The composer asserted that two intervals are important elements in the work: the perfect fourth (which is the interval found between most neighbouring pairs of the guitar's strings) and the tritone, which leads to a different harmony of Berio's devising.

Usage
Sequenza XI is a standard work for guitarists who have chosen avant-garde modern classical music as a part of their repertoire, e.g., Denis Sung-Hô (performed Sequenzas with members of the ensemble intercontemporain), Stefan Östersjö, Todd Seelye, Mats Scheidegger, Geoffrey Morris, Pablo Gómez, Pablo Márquez, Alan Thomas, Jürgen Ruck, Nico Couck, etc.: it has been recorded numerous times (see below).

Berio's Chemins V (1992) is a work for guitar and ensemble based on Sequenza XI.

References

Sources

External links

 
 A Polyphonic Mode of Listening: Luciano Berio’s 'Sequenza XI' for Guitar (2003 thesis by Mark David Porcaro. Archive from 24 March 2012)
 Berio's Sequenzas edited by Janet K. Halfyard
 "Berio’s Sequenza XI for guitar by Yiorgos Vassilandonakis

Performances
Sequenza XI (mp3) by Karim Samah
Sequenza XI by Pablo Márquez
Sequenza XI (mp3.zip) by Giulio Tampalini
Sequenza XI by Pablo Sáinz Villegas (video flv)
 by Nico Couck

Recordings
Short Sounds (2001, nosag records) by Magnus Andersson
"The 20th Century Guitar" (2009) by Harold Gretton
"Hexade, six tributes to guitar music of our epoch" (2001, CD's Audio production by Karim Samah
"The complete Sequenzas" (2006, Mode Records) by Seth Josel
"Push" (2000, Gale Recordings by Michael Nicolella
"New Dutch Guitar Music" (2006, Cybele) by Diangelo Cicilia
"Contemporary Guitar" (1997, Antes Concerto editions) by Giulio Tampalini
"Evolución" (1999, Acoustic Music Records) by Jens Wagner
"Canzoni – Italian Music for Guitar" by Franz Halasz
"Sequenza" by Njål Vindenes
"Berio: Sequenzas I–XIV by Pablo Sáinz Villegas
"Sequenza!" (exact same as in compilation Berio Sequenzas) by Eliot Fisk
"Sheer Pluck" by Todd Seelye
"Robot Dream" by Peter Yates

Compositions by Luciano Berio
1988 compositions
Compositions for guitar
Contemporary classical compositions

Compositions that use extended techniques
London City

London City may refer to:

Correctly
London City Airport, in east London, England
London City Airport DLR station
London City Soccer Club, in London, Ontario
London City Lionesses, English women's football team 
London City Royals, English basketball team, now defunct

Incorrectly, or at least unidiomatically
London, England
City of London, financial district of London 
London, Ontario, Canada
London City Council, governs London, Ontario
David Berliner

David C. Berliner is an educational psychologist. He was a professor and dean of the Mary Lou Fulton Institute and Graduate School of Education.

Biography
After a B.A. in psychology from U.C.L.A. and an M.A. in psychology from California State University at Los Angeles, Berliner received a Ph.D. in Educational Psychology from the Stanford Graduate School of Education. He also was awarded Doctorates of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa, from the University of Massachusetts Amherst and Manhattanville College. He is the father to a son and a daughter.

Berliner has authored more than 400 articles, books and chapters in the fields of educational psychology, teacher education, and educational policy, including the best-seller The Manufactured Crisis (co-authored with B.J. Biddle) and six editions of the textbook Educational Psychology (co-authored with N.L. Gage). He also co-authored Putting Research to Work in your School with his wife, Ursula Casanova, Collateral Damage: How High-stakes Testing Corrupts American Education with S.L. Nichols, and edited the Handbook of Educational Psychology (with R.C. Calfee), Perspectives on instructional Time (with C. Fisher).

Berliner is a past president of the American Educational Research Association, and of the Division of Educational Psychology of the American Psychological Association. Berliner is a Regents' Professor Emeritus of Education at Arizona State University. Among other honors he is an elected member of the National Academy of Education, the International Academy of Education, and a fellow (1988) of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He is the winner of the E.L. Thorndike award in educational psychology, the distinguished contributions award of the American Educational Research Association, the Outstanding Public Communication of Education Research Award (American Educational Research Association, 2016), the Friend of Education award of the NEA, and the Brock International Prize for Distinguished contributions to education.

References

Educational psychologists
Living people
Stanford Graduate School of Education alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Javi Venta

Javier 'Javi' Rodríguez Venta (born 13 December 1975) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a right-back.

He amassed La Liga totals of 270 matches and two goals over 11 seasons, mainly with Villarreal (eight years). He also appeared in the competition with Tenerife and Levante, and had a brief abroad spell in England with Brentford.

Club career

Early years
Venta was born in Pola de Siero, Asturias. After playing his early career with modest Spanish clubs he was bought in 1999 by Villarreal CF, but would spend the next three seasons with the farm team (CD Onda) and on loan stints.

He made his La Liga debut in the latter predicament in the 2001–02 season, playing 29 league games for CD Tenerife who ranked second-bottom.

Villarreal and Levante
In 2002–03, Venta returned to Villarreal and went on to become a steady first-choice throughout the season. In the 2004–05 campaign he appeared in 32 matches as the Valencian side achieved a club-high third place; he was subsequently named by Spain manager Luis Aragonés in his provisional 27-man squad for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, but he did not make the final cut.

In late April 2010, it was announced that both the 34-year-old Venta and Robert Pires would be leaving Villarreal. During three years he constantly fought for first-choice status with Ángel López, with both appearing in roughly the same number of games. In late August he signed for one year with Levante UD, returned to the top division after a two-year absence.

Venta started in 25 of his 26 appearances in his second season, totalling 2,224 minutes of action as Levante finished sixth and qualified for the UEFA Europa League for the first time in its history. He did not have an offer to renew his expiring contract, however, and returned to Villarreal for a second stint.

Brentford
On 11 July 2013, aged 37, Venta moved abroad for the first time in his career, joining Football League One club Brentford on a one-year deal with an option to extend to a second season depending on appearances. He scored his only goal for the club in a 5–3 win against AFC Wimbledon in that season's Football League Trophy on 3 September, which also marked his fourth and final overall appearance; he had his contract terminated by mutual consent on the 30th, and returned to Spain for personal reasons.

Honours
Villarreal
UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2003, 2004

References

External links

1975 births
Living people
People from Siero
Spanish men's footballers
Footballers from Asturias
Men's association football defenders
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
Real Oviedo Vetusta players
Marino de Luanco footballers
Gimnástica de Torrelavega footballers
Villarreal CF players
Racing de Ferrol footballers
CD Tenerife players
Levante UD footballers
English Football League players
Brentford F.C. players
Spanish expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in England
Thatto Heath

Thatto Heath is an area of St Helens, in Merseyside, England.

Location
Historically in Lancashire, it lies approximately  north-northwest of Widnes and about  east of Liverpool city centre. The area is bordered by Eccleston, Rainhill, Ravenhead, Sutton and Windle.

Population
The population of the ward at the 2011 census was 12,280.

Politics
Thatto Heath is a ward of the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens.

The three elected councillors for Thatto Heath ward are Cllrs Nova Charlton, Robyn Hattersley and Richard McCaulley of the Labour Party.

Transport
The area is served by Thatto Heath railway station, on the City Line between Liverpool and Wigan.

Sport
Rugby League club Thatto Heath Crusaders currently compete in the National Conference League Division 1.

Notable people
 Samuel Cheetham
 Harold Fishwick
 Roy Haggerty
 Alex Murphy (rugby league)
 Johnny Vegas
 Jacqui Abbott
 Bernie Clifton

References

St Helens, Merseyside
Towns and villages in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens
Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts

The Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in the five western counties of Massachusetts. Formed from a division of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, it was officially recognized at the organizing convention of November 10, 1901. At a special meeting on January 22, 1902, Alexander Hamilton Vinton, Rector of All Saints Church in Worcester, Massachusetts, was elected first diocesan bishop.

The first two Anglican parishes in what would become the diocese were started in Great Barrington in 1762 and Lanesborough in 1767 on the Housatonic River, at first served by priests from the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut.

There are 67 congregations in the diocese. The Episcopal See is in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts. Since 1929, the cathedral has been Christ Church Cathedral, which was built in 1874.

Shareholder activism 

After the February, 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, on July 12, 2018, a resolution proposed by Western Massachusetts Episcopal Bishop Douglas John Fisher on a national plan to invest in firearms manufacturers and retailers as a form of shareholder advocacy was approved by the House of Bishops during the 79th meeting of the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in Austin, Texas. The Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts purchased 200 shares, the minimum holding needed to qualify to formally submit shareholder resolutions, of Springfield, Massachusetts-based firearms manufacturer American Outdoor Brands Corporation (AOBC), the parent company of Smith & Wesson. The Diocese partnered with the Adrian Dominican Sisters on a shareholder resolution asking AOBC to report to investors regarding the steps they are taking to reduce gun violence. On February 8, 2019 AOBC released a 20-page report, which said, in summary, "AOBC’s reputation among firearm buyers and Second Amendment supporters is more critical to the success of the Company and the enhancement of shareholder value than its reputation among industry detractors and special interest groups with a political agenda."

Companion diocese
 Anglican Diocese of Kumasi

Bishops
 Alexander Hamilton Vinton (1902–11) 
 Thomas Frederick Davies (1911–36)
 William Appleton Lawrence (1937–57) 
 Robert McConnell Hatch (1957–70)
 Alexander Doig Stewart (1970–84)
 Andrew F. Wissemann (1984–92) 
 Robert S. Denig (1993–95)
 Gordon Paul Scruton (1996–2012)
 Douglas John Fisher (2012–present)

See also

 List of Succession of Bishops for the Episcopal Church, USA

References

External links
Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts
Christ Church Cathedral
Web site of the Episcopal Church
Journal of the Annual Meeting of the Convention, Diocese of Western Massachusetts

Western Massachusetts
Diocese of Western Massachusetts
Christian organizations established in 1901
Province 1 of the Episcopal Church (United States)
Shift pattern

Gear stick §Shift pattern, refers to the layout of the gears on a gear stick
 Shift work §Shift pattern, refers to the various types of work schedules used in different industries
Mia foni

Mia foni is the debut album of Greek American singer Annet Artani. Released in early April 2006, it features 19 tracks in both Greek and English, including "Why Angels Cry", the song that Artani performed in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Athens, representing Cyprus.  The album was released in both Greece and Cyprus, where it entered the top 10.

Track listing

Release history

Charts

References

Annet Artani albums
2006 debut albums
Virus Music albums
Paul Van Riper (political scientist)

Paul P. Van Riper (July 29, 1916 – July 11, 2014) was an American political scientist and professor emeritus of political science at Texas A&M University's Department of Political Science and the George Bush School of Government and Public Service. The American Society for Public Administration honored Van Riper with the presentation of an annual award in his name for scholars who have made a significant contribution through his or her body of work to bridging the world of public administration scholarship and practice.

Education and early career
Van Riper graduated from DePauw University in 1938 and earned a doctorate at the University of Chicago in 1946. His studies had been interrupted by his military service in World War II. Van Riper spent 22 years teaching at Cornell University, where he chaired the Cornell Social Science Center.

Texas A&M
Van Riper began teaching at Texas A&M University in 1970. He served as head of the Department of Political Science from 1970 to 1977. He retired in 1981, but returned to the university in 1984, teaching courses on a part-time basis.

Other academic appointments
Van Riper has also held faculty positions at George Washington University, Northwestern University and University of Strathclyde.

Bibliography
History of the United States Civil Service (1958)

References

American political scientists
Political science educators
2014 deaths
University of Chicago alumni
Texas A&M University faculty
Public administration scholars
1916 births
Gabriel Chevallier

Gabriel Chevallier (3 May 1895 – 6 April 1969) was a French novelist widely known as the author of the satire Clochemerle. He is also known for  (La Peur), a novel about the World War I.

Biography
Born in Lyon in 1895, Gabriel Chevallier was educated in various schools before entering Lyon École des Beaux-Arts in 1911. He was called up at the start of World War I and wounded in 1915, but returned to the front where he served as an infantryman until the war's end. He was awarded the Croix de Guerre and Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur. Following the war, he undertook several jobs including art teacher, journalist and a commercial traveller before starting to write in 1925. He was married with one son and died in Cannes in 1969.

Legacy 
Clochemerle was written in 1934 and has been translated into twenty-six languages and sold several million copies. It was dramatised first in a 1947 film by Pierre Chenal and in 1972 by the BBC. He wrote two sequels: Clochemerle Babylon (Clochemerle-Babylone, 1951), and Clochemerle-les-Bains (1963). In the United States, the Clochemerle books were published under the English titles The Scandals of Clochemerle (for Clochemerle in 1937), The Wicked Village (Clochemerle-Babylone, 1956) and (Clochemerle-les-Bains, 1965).

His novel  (Fear) published in 1930 drew upon his own experiences and formed a damning indictment of the war; althouth the author's attitude became an example of "the standard version of World War I", it was shocking to the post-war society of France. It was not published in English until 2011. New York Times reviewed the novel in 2014 as "unadorned yet memorable" and "savagely frank", "radioactive with pure terror". 

Others translated into English include Sainte Colline (1937), Cherry (Ma Petite Amie Pomme, 1940), The Affairs of Flavie or The Euffe Inheritance (Les Héritiers Euffe, 1945) and Mascarade (1948).

Other books in French include Clarisse Vernon, Propre à Rien, Chemins de Solitude and Le Petit Général.

References

External links 
 

1895 births
1969 deaths
Writers from Lyon
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Knights of the Legion of Honour
French military personnel of World War I
French male novelists
20th-century French novelists
20th-century French male writers
French Army soldiers
The Ballad of the Fallen

The Ballad of the Fallen is a jazz album by bassist Charlie Haden, with arrangements by Carla Bley,  that was recorded in 1982 and released in 1983.  The album was voted jazz album of the year in  Down Beat magazine's 1984 critic's poll. Haden and Carla Bley placed first in that 1984 poll's “Acoustic Bass” and “Composer” categories, respectively.

The album is the second by Haden's Liberation Music Orchestra, the follow-up to their 1969 Liberation Music Orchestra.  Carla Bley, Don Cherry, Michael Mantler, Paul Motian, Dewey Redman, and Haden himself appeared in the LMO's new incarnation with six new members.

Track listing 
 LP side A: 
1. "Els Segadors" ("The Reapers") (Catalan traditional) – 4:14
2. "The Ballad of the Fallen" (folk song from El Salvador) – 4:19
3. - "If You Want to Write Me" ("Si Me Quieres Escribir") (traditional) – 3:55
4. - "Grandola Vila Morena" (José Afonso) – 2:11
5. - "Introduction to People" (Carla Bley) – 3:55
6. - "The People United Will Never Be Defeated" ("El Pueblo Unido Jamás Será Vencido!") (Sergio Ortega) – 1:40
7. "Silence" (Charlie Haden) – 5:49
LP side B:
1. "Too Late" (Carla Bley) – 8:24
2. "La Pasionaria" (Charlie Haden) – 10:26
3. "La Santa Espina" (Àngel Guimerà/Enric Morera) – 6:58

Personnel 
 Charlie Haden – double bass
 Carla Bley – piano, glockenspiel, arrangements
 Dewey Redman – tenor saxophone
 Jim Pepper – flute, soprano saxophone, tenor saxophone
 Steve Slagle – clarinet, flute, alto saxophone, soprano saxophone
 Michael Mantler – trumpet
 Gary Valente – trombone
 Sharon Freeman – French horn
 Jack Jeffers – tuba
 Don Cherry – pocket trumpet
 Mick Goodrick – guitar
 Paul Motian – percussion, drums

References

External links 
The Story behind the Ballad of the Fallen, by Charlie Haden’s Liberation Music Orchestra at The Music Aficionado, Jan.3, 2017
Liner notes at ECM, accessed 5/1/2018

1983 albums
Experimental big band albums
Avant-garde jazz albums
Liberation Music Orchestra albums
Charlie Haden albums
Carla Bley albums
ECM Records albums
Albums produced by Manfred Eicher
Beehive burner

A wood waste burner, known as a teepee burner or wigwam burner in the United States and a beehive burner in Canada, is a free-standing conical steel structure usually ranging from 30 to 60 feet in height. They are named for their resemblance to beehives, teepees or wigwams. A sawdust burner is cylindrical. They have an opening at the top that is covered with a steel grill or mesh to keep sparks and glowing embers from escaping.  Sawdust and wood scraps are delivered to an opening near the top of the cone by means of a conveyor belt or Archimedes' screw, where they fall onto the fire near the center of the structure.

Teepee or beehive burners are used to dispose of waste wood in logging yards and sawdust from sawmills by incineration. As a result, they produce a large quantity of smoke and ash, which is vented directly into the atmosphere without filtering, contributing to poor air quality. The burners are considered to be a major source of air pollution and have been phased out in most areas. There are a few beehive burners remaining in Western Canada.

Teepee burners went out of general use in the Northwestern United States in the early 1970s, and are prohibited from operation in Oregon, as well as southwestern Washington State. The wood waste is now used as a component in various forest products, such as pellet fuel, particle board and mulch.

Gallery

See also
 Air pollution in British Columbia
 Clean Air Act of 1970

References

External links
 
 Historic images of teepee burners in Oregon from the Salem, Oregon, Public Library
 Rusty Relics: Teepee Burners

Environmental issues in Canada
History of the Pacific Northwest
Incineration
Logging
Society of Red Tape Cutters

The Society of Red Tape Cutters was a series of small articles published by newspapers during World War II to give recognition to military and political figures for keeping bureaucracy from hindering the war effort. Each announcement included a boilerplate "certificate" illustrated by Dr. Seuss and a synopsis of the inductee's actions.

Recipients
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Vice President Harry S. Truman
Admiral Chester Nimitz
Russian Commissar Vyacheslav Molotov
Secretary of State Cordell Hull
Admiral Ernest King
Elmer Davis, director of the United States Office of War Information
Fiorello H. LaGuardia, mayor of New York City
Claire Lee Chennault, commander of the Flying Tigers

References

Works by Dr. Seuss
United States home front during World War II
Dan Trueman

Dan Trueman is a composer, fiddle player, improviser, new instrument creator and software designer. He plays the violin and the Norwegian Hardanger fiddle. Trueman studied physics at Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota, composition and theory at the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music in Cincinnati and composition at Princeton University. He taught composition at Columbia, Colgate, and since 2002, at Princeton. As a performer, Trueman has played at both contemporary and folk music festivals, among them Bang on a Can and Den Norske Folkemusikkveka. Trueman has written for his own ensembles, Interface (which also includes Curtis Bahn and Tomie Hahn) and the Princeton Laptop Orchestra (also known as PLOrk, which he co-founded with Perry Cook), as well as the Brentano, Daedalus, Cassatt and Amernet string quartets, Non Sequitur, So Percussion and others. He has received awards from the Guggenheim (2006) and MacArthur Foundations (2008 Digital Media and Learning Award).

Discography
Trollstilt, Trollstilt, Azalea City Records, 2000
./swank, interface, c74 Records, 2001
Machine Language, Bridge Records, 2004
Five (and-a-half) Gardens, So Percussion and Trollstilt, New Amsterdam Records, 2008
Unpacking the Trailer, QQQ, New Amsterdam Records, 2009
CrissCross (with Brittany Haas), Many Arrows Music, 2012
Neither Anvil Nor Pulley, So Percussion, Cantaloupe Music, 2013
Laghdú (with  Caoimhín Ó Raghallaigh), IrishMusic.net Records, 2014

External links

http://qqqmusic.org
http://trollstilt.org
http://www.arts.rpi.edu/crb/interface/
http://plork.cs.princeton.edu/

Notes

Living people
Carleton College alumni
University of Cincinnati – College-Conservatory of Music alumni
Princeton University alumni
Columbia University faculty
Colgate University faculty
Princeton University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Stoke Gabriel

Stoke Gabriel is a village and parish in Devon, England, situated on a creek of the River Dart. The village is a popular tourist destination in the South Hams and is famous for its mill pond and crab fishing (known colloquially as crabbing). It is equidistant from Paignton, Dartmouth and Totnes, and has a population of approximately 1,200, reducing slightly to 1,107 at the 2011 census. The village is the major part of the electoral ward of East Dart. The ward population at the abovementioned census was 1,877.

Fisherman probably first came to Stoke Gabriel to fish salmon and gain access to the River Dart. The village has an approximately 1,000-year-old yew tree in the churchyard of The Church of St Mary and St Gabriel, a church which has stood since Norman times. Legend has it that if you walk backwards seven times round the yew's main stem you will be granted a wish.

The village has two public houses; The Church House Inn and The Castle Inn. Until relatively recently there were three pubs. The other being The Victoria and Albert Inn. The Church House Inn was built to accommodate the masons who constructed the church and also served as the courthouse. The old stocks can be seen outside the inn today.

Stoke Gabriel is the template for the fictional village of Thornford Regis in C. C. Benison's crime novels Twelve Drummers Drumming and Eleven Pipers Piping.

Notable people 

 John Davis (ca.1550 – 1605), one of the chief navigators of Queen Elizabeth I. 
 George Jackson Churchward CBE (1857–1933), an English railway engineer and chief mechanical engineer of the Great Western Railway, he lends his name to the local football club's ground - Stoke Gabriel & Torbay Police F.C.

References

External links
 Stoke Gabriel Parish Council
 Stoke Gabriel Church
 Stoke Gabriel Football Club
 Stoke Gabriel Pre-School
 Stoke Gabriel School

Villages in South Hams
Civil parishes in South Hams
Joseph Tussman

Joseph Tussman (4 December 1914 – 21 October 2005) was an American educator. He was chair of the philosophy department at University of California, Berkeley, a prominent educational reformer, and a key figure in the campus controversy over the 1950s loyalty oath.

Tussman was born in Chicago and grew up in Milwaukee. His father, Shleime Tussman, was a second-generation cantor, and his mother, Malka Heifetz Tussman, was an eminent Yiddish poet. He studied under Alexander Meiklejohn at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Following his graduation from Wisconsin, he followed his mentor west to do graduate work at Berkeley.

He served in an army-intelligence unit in southwest China during World War II. After his discharge, he returned to Berkeley. California began to require University employees to sign a loyalty oath in the 1950s, and Tussman was a key organizer of protests. Twenty percent of the Berkeley faculty refused to sign, and 31 professors were dismissed. Being untenured, however, Tussman eventually signed the oath for economic reasons. He said it was the saddest day in his life.

Tussman moved to the philosophy department in 1952, leaving in 1955 when denied tenure for insufficient scholarly publication. Over the next few years he taught at Syracuse and Wesleyan and completed his first book, Obligation and the Body Politic. He returned to Berkeley in 1963 and became chair of philosophy the following year. He was a key figure in the Free Speech Movement of 1964.

In 1965, Tussman founded the Tussman Experimental College Program (modeled on a program that Meiklejohn had created at Madison), which was offered to 150 students through their freshman and sophomore years and focused on great works written during times of great upheaval. The experiment lasted four years.  He then continued to teach in the philosophy department until his retirement in 1983.

Publications
Obligation and the Body Politic (1960)
Government and the Mind (1977)
The Burden of Office: Agamemnon and Other Losers (1989)
The Beleaguered College (1997)

References

Joseph Tussman obituary. UC Berkeley News
Charles Burress (October 30, 2005). Joseph Tussman -- ex-philosophy chairman at Cal. San Francisco Chronicle
Joseph Tussman memorial website.

1914 births
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
University of California, Berkeley faculty
2005 deaths
Louis Mayer

Louis Mayer may refer to:
 Louis B. Mayer (1884–1957), American film producer
 Louis Mayer (painter) (1791–1843), German landscape painter
 Louis Mayer (1868-1941), Monegasque lawyer
Kid (poetry collection)

Kid is the second collection of poems by Simon Armitage, published in 1992. The book won a Forward Prize for Poetry.

Author 

Simon Armitage is an English poet, playwright and novelist. He was appointed as Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom in 2019. He is professor of poetry at the University of Leeds and became Oxford Professor of Poetry when he was elected to the four-year part-time appointment from 2015 to 2019. He was born and raised in Marsden, West Yorkshire. At the start of his career, and at the time Kid was published, he was working as a probation officer.

Book

Publication history 

Kid, Armitage's second book of poetry, was his first to be published by Faber and Faber, in 1992.

Contents 

The 48 poems in the collection, structured as a single list, include:

 "Kid" – the title poem, this is spoken by Batman's companion Robin.
 "Brassneck" – the story of two thieves attempting to steal from a crowd at a football game.
 "At Sea"
 "Robinson's Resignation" – the story of a businessman.
 "Great Sporting Moments: The Treble" – an exploration of class conflict.

Reception 

The collection was described by the poet and novelist Ruth Padel as being "Very Yorkshire; very Simon Armitage". She wrote that the book "consolidated his name for technical virtuosity [and] black humour", the voice having "a self-deprecatingly cocky self-centredness." In her view, the first poem, "Brassneck", about a murderer, had "brilliant rhyme"; but she noted that some, especially poets, "found it less convincing than Zoom!."

The book won a Forward Prize for Poetry in the "best first collection" category in 1992, the first year in which the prizes were awarded.

References

Bibliography 

 

1992 poetry books
English poetry collections