alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
David Fowler (politician)

David Fowler (born 1958) is an American politician and a former member of the Tennessee Senate for the 11th district, which comprises part of Hamilton County.

Early life
David Fowler was born on June 30, 1958, in Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. He grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He graduated from the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga with a B.S. in 1980, and with a J.D. from University of Cincinnati College of Law in 1983.

Career
Fowler practiced law in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Chattanooga, Tennessee. taught Law and Government at Bryan College for four years.

Fowler was a Republican member of the Tennessee State Senate from the 99th Tennessee General Assembly until the 104th, representing Signal Mountain, Tennessee.

Fowler is the president of the Family Action Council of Tennessee (FACT), an organization associated with the Focus on the Family. Upon retiring as state senator in 2006, he donated US$20,000 to FACT. A decade later, in 2016, Fowler staged a rally outside the Tennessee State Capitol in favor of an anti-transgender bathroom bill.

Personal life
Fowler is married, and he has a child. He lives in Nashville, Tennessee.

Controversy 
In 2018 bill banning 'child brides' is scuttled in Tennessee House after Fowler objects.

References

Living people
1958 births
People from Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia
Politicians from Chattanooga, Tennessee
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga alumni
University of Cincinnati College of Law alumni
Republican Party Tennessee state senators
People from Signal Mountain, Tennessee
Trnové

Trnové () is a city part in the north-western Slovakia, approximately 7  kilometres south-east from Žilina.

History
The city part was first mentioned as a village in 1393.

Geography
It has population of around 3,500 people.

Sights
The city part offers a great view of the Malá Fatra mountains. It is also an entrance point into these mountains. There is a wooden Gothic Roman Catholic church of Saint George built in the 15th century.

Cities and towns in Slovakia
Argus As 10

The Argus As 10 was a German-designed and built, air-cooled 90° cylinder bank-angle inverted V8 "low power" aircraft engine, used mainly in training aircraft such as the Arado Ar 66 and Focke-Wulf Fw 56 Stösser  and other small short-range reconnaissance and communications aircraft like the Fieseler Fi 156 Storch during, and shortly after World War II. It was first built in 1928.

Variants
As 10C
As 10C-1
As 10EOptional-output version of the As 10C, delivered with either a  or  rating (achieved by increasing maximum rpm).
As 10E-2The proposed powerplant of the Pilatus P-1 trainer project.
As 401Supercharged As 10 with rated output at , also fitted with hydraulically actuated variable pitch propeller.
Salmson 8As-00Postwar production of the Argus As 10 in France
Salmson 8As-04Postwar production of the Argus As 10 in France

Applications

 AGO Ao 192
 Arado Ar 66
 Arado Ar 76
 Dornier Do 12
 Farman F.510 Monitor II
 Fieseler Fi 156 Storch
 Focke-Wulf Fw 56 Stösser
 Focke-Wulf Fw 58
 Gotha Go 145
 Henschel Hs 121
 Kayaba Ka-1 Imperial Japanese Army Observation autogiro
 Klemm Kl 151
 Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun
 Rogozarski SIM-XIV-H
 Siebel Si 201

Specifications (Argus As 10 C)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. 
Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London. Studio Editions Ltd, 1989. 

Aircraft air-cooled V piston engines
1920s aircraft piston engines
AS10
Inverted aircraft piston engines
Gulud people

Gulud is an ethnic group in the Nuba Hills in Sudan. They speak Katla, a Kordofanian language. The number of persons in this group is about 10,000.

References
Joshua Project

Nuba peoples
Ethnic groups in Sudan
Mark Helfrich (film editor)

Mark Helfrich (born November 13, 1957) is an American film editor and director. He is an elected member of American Cinema Editors (ACE) and serves on the board as an associate director. Helfrich has edited over thirty films such as Stone Cold (1991), Showgirls (1995) with Mark Goldblatt. Helfrich is also the primary editor for director Brett Ratner's films, such as Money Talks (1997), Rush Hour (1998), The Family Man (2000), Rush Hour 2 (2001), Red Dragon (2002), and After the Sunset (2004), X-Men: The Last Stand (2006), Kites (2010) with Mark Goldblatt and Julia Wong. Helfrich directed Good Luck Chuck.

He has also edited, with Brett Ratner's direction, a version of the Hollywood film production titled Kites:The Remix a.k.a. Kites (2010), as well as the pilot episode for Prison Break, an American-based TV drama series produced by Brett Ratner. Helfrich edited Brett Ratner's music video Beautiful Stranger featuring Madonna.

Filmography

References

External links 

American film editors
American Cinema Editors
American film directors
1957 births
Living people
Enfield Wash

Enfield Wash is an area in the London Borough of Enfield, North London. It is approximately located in the area either side of Hertford Road between Ordnance Road/Turkey Street and Bell Lane/Hoe Lane.

History 
Enfield Wash was where Elizabeth Canning (later married name Treat; 17 September 1734 – June 1773), an English maidservant claimed to have been kidnapped, held in a hayloft for almost a month and threatened with prostitution. These events became one of the most celebrated English criminal mysteries of the 18th century, and a cause célèbre at the time. Magistrate and author Henry Fielding was consulted on the matter. Mother Well's house was opposite the Sun and Woolpack public house, formerly the Sun and Punchbowl.  The United society, the first friendly society, began to meet in the Sun and Woolpack inn, Enfield Wash, in 1794.

The road crosses Turkey Brook at the Woolpack Bridge, where there was a footbridge from the 17th century, but it was not until 1821 that a proper bridge for carts was provided by the Turnpike Trust that managed Enfield Highway. The road at Enfield Wash, and the settlement, was known as '‘Horsepoolstones’ until the 18th century. Turkey Brook was also known as Maiden Brook and sometimes Wash Brook.

According to legend, Bell Lane is haunted by a phantom coach. It is reputed to appear on moonless nights before Christmas, and to travel several feet above the road.

Etymology 
Enfield Wash was first recorded in 1675 and on the Ordnance Survey map of 1822, from Old English  'a place that floods': historically there was probably a ford here where Ermine Street crossed Turkey Brook.

Transport and locale

Nearest places
 Enfield Lock
 Enfield Highway
 Freezywater
 Bulls Cross

Nearest railway stations
 Enfield Lock railway station
 Turkey Street railway station

Parks and open spaces 
On what had been College Farm, Albany Park, Enfield, the park was created circa 1902, probably so named to commemorate Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, the youngest son of Queen Victoria, who died in 1884.

The London Outer Orbital Path (Section 17)  follows the course of Turkey Brook which flows west–east through the park.

Schools

Albany School, which was in Bell Lane, adjacent to Albany Park, was opened as a coeducational secondary modern school in 1939, and was converted to a comprehensive school in 1967. It closed in 2009 and a new academy, Oasis Academy Hadley, was opened by the Oasis Trust on the site. However, the academy relocated to Ponders End in 2013. In 2015 Ark John Keats Academy, an all through school for pupils aged 4–18 opened on the site.

Politics
Enfield Wash is part of the Enfield North parliamentary constituency. The current MP is the Labour politician Feryal Clark.

References 

Places in Enfield, London
Areas of London
Districts of the London Borough of Enfield
Orawee Sujjanon

Orawee Sujjanon (, sometimes Sutjahnon, Satchanont, or Sajjanont; ) (born 9 March 1965) is a Thai lukgrung singer who has the alias "the singer with voice like a bell" (thai:นักร้องเสียงระฆังเเก้ว).  Her nickname is Lek (Thai :เล็ก). Popularly known as Lek Orawee, she was born in Phrasamutchedi District, Samutprakan Province, Thailand. Her family are of Thai-Chinese nationality and her home is in Phasamutjade, Samutprakan. She graduated from Pranakorn Rajabhat University in 2003.

History
She started singing at the Prasamutjadee festival with the songs of Pongsri Woranut such as Ginkhangandnompric, Oonjan and Saligakuentin. While she was studying grade 7, she came second in a singing contest with the Traweancaydan song by Jintana Suksathit.  It was this contest that inspired her to be a singer.

When she studied grade 10 at Horwang School, she had the occasion to sing at Happy Land amusement park where she received an award in 1980. And there was an award about her singing as the best singer of Thailand in 1982.

In the past, the condition of the singing contest was limited by age but she decided to compete. The singing contest had many challengers, and it that made the contest higher rating of competition. Finally, she got the reward from this contest by herself, she was a singer.

When she was a singer, she worked together with famous artists and singers such as Reward, Yuemai, Tanis Sriglindee and Surachai Junthimatorn until she was herself famous.

She has more than 100 songs from 1988 to 2014.

Achievements
She is an accomplished songwriter who has more than one hundred songs. Her albums have earned over 10 million bhat. Some of her most famous albums are Sanam Arom, Measai and Suangean.

Concert
Her concert was arranged with embellishment in 2007, and her concert name is “The sweet song in downtown Concert” (Thai: เพลงหวานกลางกรุง). This concert had more than 30 songs in 3 hours and she was joined by special artists such as Sombat Metanee, Wongjun Prirote and Odd Kiriboon.

Awards
 Best Singer from Mizzubishi? (1981)
 Best  Singer from Thailand singing contest (1983)
 Best Singer from Gold Award  (1992)
 Immortal  woman of singer (1997, 1998)
 Malaithong award from remake of old songs (2005)

External links 
  Official website
 GMMstar.com

1966 births
Living people
Orawee Sujjanon
Orawee Sujjanon
Orawee Sujjanon
Hadley Brewery

Hadley Brewery was a now-defunct brewery located in the Monken Hadley neighborhood of London. It stood for many years just north of High Barnet on Hadley Green.

History
Though there is a belief that Hadley Brewery started around 1700, the operation probably started in the later part of the 18th century. Robert and William Thorp were listed as brewers in Hadley in Pigot's Directory (1825). The Brewery was run by a Mr Salisbury in the 1850s, who sold it to W. T. Healey early in 1861, who in turn had the whole reconstructed "at great expence." James Harris Brown purchased the brewery in 1887, and was successful enough to rebuild the whole in 1911, creating the structure that existed into living memory. Shortly before James Harris died the works became a private limited company (Harris Browne Ltd). During the 1930s the brewery owned the Star Tavern (High Barnet), the Victoria (Highgate), and the Bridge House (Potters Bar). Brookman’s Park Hotel was planned in 1936 but was not built until after the takeover of the brewery by Fremlin's.  The brewery was supplied by its own artesian well, and by 1937 they were brewing approximately 1500 barrels of beer at a cost £12/6s, importing hops from Czechoslovakia. At this time there were approximately fifty employees.

Brewing continued at the location until 1938 when the company was sold to Fremlins. Afterwards, the brewery was only used for storage and distribution. There was a serious fire in 1969 and although much of the brewery was rebuilt, the 18th century buildings did not survive. In 1967 Fremlins was bought out by Whitbread, who closed Hadley Brewery completely, offering the 28 employees work at their new works in Luton. The buildings remained empty until 1978 when the last of the buildings were demolished.

Products
Beers brewed included Hadley Stout, Hadley Special Pale Ale, Dinner Ale, ginger beer, and Nourishing Stout. Twenty to thirty barrels of barley wine (Old English Ale) were made every year and bottled by hand.

Notes

External links
Personal reminiscence by former employee of Hadley Brewery 
Photograph of hotel built by Hadley Brewery 

Defunct breweries of the United Kingdom
Privately held companies of the United Kingdom
Breweries in England
TV One (American TV channel)

TV One is an American basic cable television channel owned by Urban One, having acquired Comcast's stake in the TV channel in 2015. Headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, TV One's programming targets African American adults with a broad mixture of original lifestyle and entertainment-oriented series, documentaries, films, music performances and reruns of sitcoms from the 1970s through the 2000s.

As of February 2015, TV One is available to approximately 57 million pay television households (48.9% of households with at least one television set) in the United States.

History

TV One launched on January 19, 2004, on Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, as a competitor to the longer-established BET. At the time of its launch, the channel was in approximately 2.2 million homes in 16 markets. On July 7, 2008, the channel's president and CEO Johnathan Rodgers announced that TV One would provide extensive coverage of the Democratic National Convention that August. In 2011, TV One's original co-owner Comcast acquired NBCUniversal, effectively integrating TV One and the other Comcast Entertainment Group channels into NBCUniversal's portfolio.

In August 2012, TV One updated its on-air look and logo, as part of a plan to "tell stories about how African-American life unfolds and to distinguish it from a growing number of competitors." On July 9, 2013, TV One announced that it would debut its first live one-hour, weekday morning news program that would be hosted by commentator Roland S. Martin. The program, News One Now, premiered on November 4, 2013.

In December 2014, Brad Siegel was hired as president of TV One. Siegel was formerly president of Turner Entertainment Networks, and vice chairman of Up TV,  which he co-founded in 2004.

In March 2015, Radio One announced a deal to buy out Comcast's 47.9% share of TV One for $550 million.

In February 2016, TV One updated their logo again, along with a new slogan: "Represent."

Membership and affiliations
 Associate member of the Caribbean Cable & Telecommunications Association, Inc. - CCTA

Programming

See also

 Aspire – an American digital cable and satellite channel owned by businessman and former basketball player Magic Johnson
 BET – The flagship American basic cable and satellite channel of the BET Networks, currently owned by Paramount Global, which launched in 1980 as the first television channel devoted to programming targeting African-Americans
 BET Her - A spinoff channel targeting African-American women
 Bounce TV – an American digital multicast channel owned by the E. W. Scripps Company
 Cleo TV - a sister channel to TV One targeting African-American women

References

External links

 
Urban One
Former Comcast subsidiaries
Television networks in the United States
Television channels and stations established in 2004
African-American television
African-American television networks
Carlos Ramírez (Mexican footballer)

Carlos Alberto Ramírez Castillo (born November 6, 1976) is a retired Mexican professional footballer. He lasted played for Deportivo Irapuato, wearing #13. He is nicknamed "Tin-Tan" because of an apparent physical likeness to the Mexican actor.

Carlos Participated in the 2012 FIFA Futsal World Cup with the Mexico national futsal team wearing # 9.

Career
He debuted with Atlante F.C. in 2003 and played for that team until 2005, scoring 15 goals in 4 seasons. He then came to Tigres in 2006 as part of an agreement that the team made to sign Sebastián González.

In Tigres, Carlos Ramírez became the amulet of victory, for even though he has only scored two goals in one season, those have been of incredible importance for the team. On March 12, 2006, he scored the winning goal at the last minute of the 81st Clásico Regiomontano, and on April 19 he also scored the winning goal, again at the last minute, of the Tigres v. Universidad Católica match of the Copa Libertadores de América group stage that eliminated the Chilean team and had Tigres qualify for round of 16.

Honours

Club
Irapuato
Primera División A:
Runner Up (1) : Apertura 2008

References

External links
 

1976 births
Living people
Liga MX players
C.D. Irapuato footballers
Atlante F.C. footballers
Tigres UANL footballers
Footballers from Mexico City
Men's association football forwards
Mexican men's footballers
George Kingston (carburetor)

George Kingston (March 22, 1863 – February 21, 1946) was the inventor of the Kingston carburetor in 1902, in Kokomo, Indiana.

Biography
Kingston was born in Michigan. He married Alina Vincent in Ovid, Michigan, and had one son, Ralph, born December 25, 1905.  The Kingstons bought the Seiberling Mansion in Kokomo in 1914, which was later the location of Indiana University Kokomo, and is now the home of the Howard County Museum and Howard County Historical Society.

He came to Kokomo, Howard County, Indiana in 1901 and first worked for the Ford and Donnelly Foundry, (which had made the first aluminum casting in 1895).  Along with Charles T. Byrne, he founded Byrne, Kingston & Company, which manufactured carburetors, automotive accessories, appliances and other instruments.1  The Company later became known as Kingston Products, and also manufactured such things as Roller Skates, Radios and toys sold under the Kokomo Toys brand.  The toys became particularly popular in the 1920s and 1930s with fire engines, trucks and various toy cars.  Kingston was sold in 1967 to the Scott & Fetzer Company, now The Scott Fetzer Company, which itself is now a part of Berkshire Hathaway.

Kokomo Electric Company was established to manufacture spark coils and spark plugs for automobiles, and other ignition and electrical related goods. Kingston, Byrne, James F. Ryan and others were shareholders in this company.2

The Kokomo Brass Company, a plumber-fitting company, also listed Mr. Kingston as an instrumental member.3

External links
Howard County Museum
Kingston Products
Berkshire Hathaway

Sources
1,2,3 - "History Of Howard County Indiana, Vol. II" by Jackson Morrow.

American inventors
20th-century American engineers
1863 births
1946 deaths
Carburettors
Home & Travel

Home & Travel (formerly Cyprus Direct TV) is a free to air European satellite TV channel, primarily targeting the British market through Sky Satellite.  It is a real estate and travel telemarketing channel that gives viewers the option to reserve a property or a holiday trip to Cyprus. The company called Travel Media is the owner of the channel.

The 6-hour daily programmes from BuySell International Real Estate are repeated throughout 24 hours programme. BuySell broadcasts usually feature introductory lifestyle documentaries and properties for sale.

Home & Travel advertises properties for sale by broadcasting:
Property advertorials (of approx. 4 minute duration) promoting projects or private properties 
Information on Cyprus, the buying process and various financial issues
Testimonials from clients
Documentaries on the various regions of Cyprus

On Friday 8 December 2006, Cyprus Direct TV rebranded to Home & Traveland started broadcasting Travel offers.

Satellite television
Geoffrey Dabelko

Geoffrey D. Dabelko is a professor at the George V. Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Service at Ohio University in Athens, OH. He teaches and conducts applied research in the School's Environmental Studies Program and Master's in Sustainability, Security, and Resilience. His recent research focuses on the conflict and cooperation potential of responses to climate change, environmental peacebuilding, and sustainability, climate resilience, and older adults.

Early life and education 
Dabelko grew up in Athens, Ohio, graduating from Athens High School. He has an AB in political science from Duke University and a Ph.D. in government and politics from the University of Maryland.

Career 
From 1997-2012, Dabelko served as director of the Environmental Change and Security Program (ECSP) at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C.  He continues to work as a senior advisor to the Wilson Center. He is also an Associate Senior Fellow with the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute on its Environment of Peace Initiative. From 2012-2018, he served as director of Ohio University's Environmental Studies Program. From 2016-2022, he served as Associate Dean at the Voinovich School. He has held previous positions at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace's Foreign Policy and the Council on Foreign Relations. 

Dabelko is a former member of the United Nations Environment Programme’s Expert Advisory Group on Environment, Conflict, and Peacebuilding. He is a board member (and former chair) at Population Reference Bureau and a founding board member of the Environmental Peacebuilding Association. He is an editorial board member of the journal Case Studies in the Environment, published through University of California Press. Dabelko was a lead author on the 5th Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Working Group II Chapter 12 on "Human Security." He is a chapter author on the 5th U.S. National Climate Assessment.

Research 
Dabelko is known for his research in and work on environmental peacebuilding. He is co-editor, with Ken Conca of American University, of Green Planet Blues: Critical Perspectives on Global Environmental Politics and Environmental Peacemaking. Dabelko and Conca were the co-recipients of the Fifth Al-Moumin Award and Distinguished Lecture on Environmental Peacebuilding in 2018 for their work on environmental peacebuilding. Erik Solheim, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme remarked, “No two individuals have shaped our institutional thinking on environmental peacebuilding more than Geoff Dabelko and Ken Conca."

Personal life 
Dabelko lives in Athens, OH.

Publications

References 

American environmentalists
Duke University Trinity College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Governmental studies academics
International relations scholars
People from Greenbelt, Maryland
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Bron-Y-Aur Stomp

"Bron-Y-Aur Stomp" is a song recorded by English rock band Led Zeppelin for their third album, Led Zeppelin III, released in 1970.

Background
The song is named after Bron-Yr-Aur, a house in Montgomeryshire, Wales, where the members of Led Zeppelin retreated in 1970 to write much of Led Zeppelin III after having completed a concert tour of North America. Bron-Yr-Aur means "golden breast" or "breast of gold" in Welsh, as in a hillside of gold. Its pronunciation is . The cottage had no electricity or running water, but the change of scenery provided inspiration for many of the songs on the album, including "Bron-Y-Aur Stomp".

Composition and recording
Jimmy Page and Robert Plant wrote "Bron-Y-Aur Stomp"  in 1970. The song was heavily influenced by a number called "Waggoner's Lad" by Bert Jansch, a Scottish folk musician and founding member of the band Pentangle. It is a country music-inflected hoedown, with lyrics about walking in the woods with Plant's blue-eyed Merle dog named Strider. Plant reportedly named his dog after Aragorn (often called Strider) from J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings.  However, there are no explicit references to Tolkien works in "Bron-Y-Aur Stomp". In live performance, Robert often shouts "Strider!" at the end of the song.

The group recorded the song at Headley Grange in 1970, using the Rolling Stones Mobile Studio.  They completed it at Island Studios in London, and Ardent Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.  Guitarist Jimmy Page used an acoustic guitar,  drummer John Bonham played spoons and castanets, and bassist John Paul Jones played a double bass.

Jennings Farm Blues
Led Zeppelin also recorded the song as an electric blues rock instrumental, "Jennings Farm Blues", a rough mix of which later surfaced as a studio out-take on a number of Led Zeppelin bootleg recordings. Jennings Farm is the name of the property at Blakeshall on which the Plant family stayed in the early 1970s.  "Jennings Farm Blues" was released on 2 June 2014, as part of the remastering process of all nine albums.

See also
List of cover versions of Led Zeppelin songs
List of Led Zeppelin songs written or inspired by others

References

1970 songs
Atlantic Records singles
Led Zeppelin songs
Song recordings produced by Jimmy Page
Songs written by Jimmy Page
Songs written by Robert Plant
Songs written by John Paul Jones (musician)
Skiffle songs
Pavel

Pavel (Bulgarian, Russian,  Serbian and Macedonian: Павел, Czech, Slovene, Romanian: Pavel, Polish: Paweł, Ukrainian: Павло, Pavlo) is a male given name. It is a Slavic cognate of the name Paul (derived from the Greek Pavlos). Pavel may refer to:

People

Given name
Pavel I of Russia (1754–1801), Emperor of Russia
Paweł Adamowicz (1965–2019), Polish politician
Paweł Brożek (born 1983), Polish footballer
Paweł Cibicki (born 1994), Swedish footballer
Paweł Deląg (born 1970), Polish actor
Paweł Fajdek (born 1989), Polish hammer thrower
Paweł Jasienica (1909–1970), Polish historian, journalist, essayist and soldier
Pavel Kuzmich (born 1988), Russian luger
Paweł Łukaszewski (born 1968), Polish composer
Paweł Mąciwoda (born 1967), Polish bassist for the German rock band Scorpions
Paweł Mykietyn (born 1971), Polish composer
Pavel Nedvěd (born 1972), Czech footballer 
Paweł Pawlikowski (born 1957), Polish film director
Paweł Edmund Strzelecki (1797–1873), Polish explorer, geologist, environmentalist and philanthropist
Paweł Włodkowic (ca. 1370–1435), Polish scholar, jurist and rector of the Kraków Academy
Paweł Wszołek (born 1992), Polish footballer
Paweł Zagumny (born 1997), Polish volleyball player
Pavel (film director), an Indian Bengali film director

Surname
Ágoston Pável (1886–1946), Hungarian Slovene writer, poet, ethnologist, linguist and historian
Andrei Pavel (born 1974), Romanian tennis coach and former professional tennis player
Claudia Pavel (born 1984), Romanian pop singer and dancer also known as Claudia Cream
Elisabeth Pavel (born 1990), Romanian basketball player
Ernst Pavel, Romanian sprint canoeist who competed in the early 1970s
Harry Pavel (born 1951), German wheelchair curler, 2018 Winter Paralympian
Marcel Pavel (born 1959), Romanian folk singer
Pavel Pavel (born 1957), Czech engineer and experimental archaeologist
Petr Pavel (born 1961), president of Czech Republic, former army general
Szarlota Pawel (1950–2018), Polish comic book artist

Fictional characters
Pavel Korchagin, in How the Steel Was Tempered
Pavel Chekov, in Star Trek
Doctor Leonid Pavel, in The Dark Knight Rises
Pavel Fyodorovich Smerdyakov, in The Brothers Karamazov
Fra Pavel, in His Dark Materials
Pavel, in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas
Pavel Morozov, in Metro: Last Light
Pavel, in Grand Theft Auto Online
Pavel, in Epic Seven
Pavel Vlasov in The Mother

See also
 Paval (disambiguation)
 Pavol
 Pavao (given name)
 Pavle

References

Bulgarian masculine given names
Czech masculine given names
Russian masculine given names
Macedonian masculine given names
Romanian masculine given names
Masculine given names
Romanian-language surnames
Merton Abbey Mills



Merton Abbey Mills is a former textile factory in the parish of Merton in London, England near the site of the medieval Merton Priory, now the home of a variety of businesses, mostly retailers.

The River Wandle flowing north towards Wandsworth drove watermills and provided water for a number of industrial processes in Merton. Merton Abbey Mills were established by Huguenot silk throwers in the early eighteenth century; there were already textile works nearby from 1667.

Liberty & Co. had been involved with the site since the 19th century, as their popular ranges of fabrics for dress and furniture were nearly all made there by Littler and Co.  In 1904 Liberty & Co took over the Littler site.  They continued to operate the Merton Abbey Mills until 1972, and textile production was continued by other firms until 1982. During World War II part of the site was used to construct gun-turrets for the Bristol Blenheim fighter-bomber.

Today Merton Abbey Mills is a crafts market and the site of a summer theatre and music festival called Abbeyfest. A number of buildings from the Morris period, and even earlier, survive, and there are displays on the history of the site. A water-mill still turns in the summer, and the "colourhouse", a mid-18th century industrial building, is now a children's theatre. The water-mill and colour house are both Grade II listed buildings.

See also
 History of silk

Notes

References
Parry, Linda, Textiles of the Arts & Crafts Movement, Thames and Hudson, revised edition 2005,

External links
Merton Abbey Mills official site
Abbeyfest
Merton Priory Trust – full notes on the history and archaeology by David Saxby of the Museum of London

Textile arts
History of the London Borough of Merton
Morris & Co.
Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Merton
Tourist attractions in the London Borough of Merton
Elstar

The Elstar apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Netherlands in Elst in the 1950s by crossing Golden Delicious and Ingrid Marie apples. It quickly became popular, especially in Europe and was first introduced to America in 1972. It remains popular in Continental Europe, but less so in the United Kingdom.

The Elstar is a medium-sized apple whose skin is mostly red with yellow showing. The flesh is white and has a crispy texture. It may be used for cooking and is especially good for making apple sauce. In general, however, it is used in desserts due to its sweet flavour.

Descendant cultivars
Santana (Elstar × Priscilla)
Ecolette (Elstar × Prima)
Collina (Priscilla × Elstar)

Disease susceptibility
Scab: high
Powdery mildew: high
Cedar apple rust: high

References

External links
Orange Pippin - Elstar
Elstar produce profile
National Fruit Collection page

Apple cultivars
Dutch inventions
Dutch apples
Vladimir Pokhilko

Vladimir Ivanovich Pokhilko (Russian: Владимир Иванович Похилько) (7 April 1954 – 21 September 1998) was a Soviet-Russian entrepreneur. He was an academic who specialized in human–computer interaction.

Early life
Born in Moscow on April 7, 1954, he graduated from the Faculty of Psychology at Moscow State University in 1982. He was a junior researcher at the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University.

Psychological experiments using Tetris
A friend of Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov, he was the first clinical psychologist to conduct experiments using the game. He played an important role in the subsequent development and marketing of the game, and a 1999 article in the Forbes magazine credited him for "co-inventing the seminal videogame Tetris".

Technology company AnimaTek
In 1989, he and Pajitnov founded the 3D software technology company AnimaTek in Moscow. While attempting to create software for INTEC (a company that they started) that would be made for "people's souls", they developed the idea for El-Fish.

Murder-suicide
After suffering financial difficulties at his software company, AnimaTek, Pokhilko allegedly murdered his wife Elena Fedotova (38) and their son Peter (12), by bludgeoning and stabbing them both to death. He then  committed suicide by slitting his own throat. Shortly before his death, Pokhilko penned a note. The police initially did not release the content of the note, saying that it was not a suicide note, and they didn't know who authored it. They later determined it was a purported suicide note and published the content of the note in 1999; it read:

"I've been eaten alive. Vladimir. Just remember that I am exist. The davil. [sic]"

References

External links 
Vladimir Pokhilko seminar abstract and bio on the Stanford University Human-Computer Interaction website.
The Tetris Murders documentary suggesting Vladimir Pokhilko did not commit the murder-suicide. 

1954 births
1998 suicides
1998 deaths
Russian video game designers
Murder–suicides in California
Soviet computer scientists
Familicides

Suicides by sharp instrument in the United States
Soviet murderers of children
Russian murderers of children
Dyavolski most

The Dyavolski most (; ) is an arch bridge over the Arda River in a narrow gorge. It is 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Bulgarian town of Ardino in the Rhodope Mountains and is part of the ancient road connecting the lowlands of Thrace with the north Aegean Sea coast. 

Dyavolski most was rebuilt between 1515 and 1518 by the Bulgarian Master Dimitar. Legend has it that the bridge was built by the Romans to link the Aegean Sea and the region of Thrace in Bulgaria. The bridge, the largest and best known of its kind in the Rhodopes, is 56 m (183.7 ft) long and has three arches, but also features holes with small semicircular arches to read water level. The Dyavolski most is 3.5 m (11.5 ft) wide and its main arch is 11.50 m (37.7 ft) high. A stone parapet, 12 cm (4.7 in) tall, is preserved on the sides, and breakwaters are placed opposite the stream.

International long-distance hiking trail the Sultans Trail passes the bridge from Ardino to Kardzhali.

The bridge was proclaimed a monument of culture on 24 February 1984.

Gallery

See also
Devil's Bridge

References

 Journey.bg. Dyavolski most, Ardino.  Retrieved on 20 April 2006.
 203challenges.com Devil’s Bridge in Bulgaria – cross over to the other side.  Retrieved on 16 May 2017.

Ottoman bridges in Bulgaria
Buildings and structures in Kardzhali Province
Tourist attractions in Kardzhali Province
Stone arch bridges
RVH

RVH may refer to:

 Right ventricular hypertrophy
 Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre
 Royal Victoria Hospital (disambiguation)
Merchant Shipping Act 1906

Introduced in 1906 by David Lloyd George, then President of the Board of Trade, the Merchant Shipping Act established regulations covering the standards of food and accommodation on British registered ships. It was part of a number of acts introduced by David Lloyd George, and later Winston Churchill, as President of the Board of Trade, to improve conditions for workers.

See also
Merchant Shipping Act

References

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1906
1906 in British law
Shipping in the United Kingdom
Board of Trade
Harvester, Missouri

Harvester is an unincorporated community in St. Charles County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.  Much of the community has been annexed by St. Peters.

History 
A post office called Harvester was established in 1881, and remained in operation until 1901. The community was so named on account of wheat fields near the original town site.

References

Unincorporated communities in St. Charles County, Missouri
Unincorporated communities in Missouri
Meridian, Florida

Meridian is a small and old unincorporated community in northwestern Leon County, Florida, United States.

Location
Meridian is located on the west side of Lake Iamonia on N. Meridian Road, 12 miles north of Tallahassee.

History

Antebellum 
Meridian started as the center and community gathering place for nearby antebellum cotton plantations of Burgesstown, the William A. Carr Plantation, Bannerman Plantation, the James A. Kirksey Plantation, and the G.W. Holland Plantation.

20th Century 
In 1940, Meridian consisted of 20 homes in the immediate area and 20 more homes, a church, and school in the outlying area north of Meridian on N. Meridian Road. A saw mill was located south and east of Meridian.

Today, Meridian is still a community of several large homes and estates.

Political 
Leon County Commissioners are elected in a nonpartisan election. For reference, however, their party registrations are listed.

References
Paisley, Clifton. From Cotton to Quail, University Press of Florida 1989.

Unincorporated communities in Leon County, Florida
Tallahassee metropolitan area
History of Leon County, Florida
Unincorporated communities in Florida
John Smith (brewer)

John Smith (18 March 1824 – 9 September 1879) was an English brewer. He is best known for operating the John Smith's Brewery in Tadcaster, North Yorkshire, which continues to operate.

History
Smith was born in Leeds on 18 March 1824; the eldest of five children of Samuel Smith, a wealthy butcher and tanner from Leeds.

In 1847 John Smith purchased the Backhouse & Hartley brewery with funding provided by his father. Smith's timing proved fortuitous; pale ales were displacing porter as the public's most popular style of beer, and Tadcaster's hard water proved to be well-suited for brewing the new style. The prosperity of the 1850s and 1860s, together with the arrival of the railways, realised greater opportunities for brewers, and by 1861 Smith employed eight men in his brewing and malting enterprise.

The operations became sizeable during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Smith died at Tadcaster on 9 September 1879, leaving an estate valued at under , and his assets were jointly inherited by his two brothers, William (a gentleman) and Samuel Smith (a tanner).

References

Businesspeople from Leeds
English brewers
1824 births
1879 deaths
People from Tadcaster
19th-century English businesspeople
City Syd

City Syd is one of the largest shopping centres in Norway, and the largest in Midt-Norge, with a turnover of NOK 1.7 billion in 2004. It is located in Tiller, in the Heimdal area of Trondheim. City Syd opened in 1987 and was remodeled and expanded in 2000. It is now 38,000 m2 and has 72 stores on three floors. It is owned by the Trondheim Cooperative, Trondos and Storebrand.

2020
In the next few years, City Syd is going to grow bigger. In 2020, it is planned to be finished and will be the biggest shopping mall in Norway.

External links
 Official website, in Norwegian

Shopping centres in Norway
Buildings and structures in Trondheim
Coop Norden
Tourist attractions in Trondheim
1987 establishments in Norway
Shopping malls established in 1987
UTC offset

The UTC offset is the difference in hours and minutes between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and local solar time, at a particular place. This difference is expressed with respect to UTC and is generally shown in the format , , or . So if the time being described is two hours ahead of UTC (such as in Kigali, Rwanda [approximately 30° E]), the UTC offset would be "+02:00", "+0200", or simply "+02".

By convention, every inhabited place in the world has a UTC offset that is a multiple of 15 minutes but the majority of offsets are stated in whole hours. There are many cases where the national standard time uses a time zone that differs from the UTC offset appropriate to its longitude.

Time zones and time offsets

A time zone is a geographical region in which residents observe the same standard time. Although nominally a new time zone is established every 15 degrees east or west of the prime meridian (meaning a one hour change in solar time), in practice local geographical or political considerations may vary its application. The most extreme example of this is time in China, which applies a single standard time offset of UTC+08:00 (eight hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time), even though China spans five geographical time zones.

The UTC offset (or time offset) is an amount of time subtracted from or added to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) time to specify the local solar time (which may not be the current civil time, whether it is standard time or daylight saving time).

Daylight saving time 

Several regions of the world use daylight saving time (DST) and the UTC offset during this season is typically obtained by adding one hour to local standard time. Central European Time UTC+01:00 is replaced by Central European Summer Time UTC+02:00, and Pacific Standard Time UTC−08:00 is replaced by Pacific Daylight Time UTC−07:00.

Illustrative examples

See also
ISO 8601 – international standard for representing dates and times.

External links

 time.gov (US)
Time Service Dept., U.S. Naval Observatory
Centumviral court

The centumviral court (centumviri) was the chancery court (court of equity) of ancient Rome. It was a court of justice dealing with private law (what is referred to in common law systems as civil law).

Evolution 
The term centumviri literally means "100 men"; this was the original number of members from which pool the court was selected. The number of men of which the court consisted is not known. In the Republic, the number increased to 105 and later still, during the Empire, to 180.

The antiquity of the court is attested by the symbol and formula used in its procedure, the lance () as the sign of true ownership, the oath or wager (), the ancient formula for recovery of property or assertion of liberty.

During the Empire, four courts were usually chosen from the pool, although the entire membership might sit in unusual cases. The Decemviri (ten men) presided over the court from the Augustan period. Membership of this council was considered to be a standard position for those embarking on the cursus honorum.

A number of notable orators appeared in this court, including Cicero, Tacitus and Pliny the Younger.

Jurisdiction
The jurisdiction of the court is unclear, although cases involving wills and inheritance were certainly part of the court's remit. The querela inofficiosi testamenti ("complaint about an undutiful will") was established by this court. However, it is uncertain whether this court was simply an alternative to the iudex or part of a more complex judicial system. It has been suggested that cases before the centumviral court had a specific minimum value.

Location 
In the second half of the 1st century the court met in the Basilica Julia in the Forum. It is likely that, like many such Roman institutions, the physical location of the court was apt to change.

Cicero's account
The centumviri were mainly concerned with the property of which account was taken at the census. It was therefore in their power to make or unmake a citizen. They also decided questions concerning debt. Hence the plebs had an interest in securing their decisions against undue influence. They were never regarded as magistrates, but merely as judices, and as such would be appointed for a fixed term of service by the magistrate, probably by the praetor urbanus. But in Cicero's time they were elected by the Comitia Tributa. They then numbered 105. Their original number is uncertain, although the centum (Latin for the number 100) portion of centumviri may provide a clue. It was probably increased by Augustus and in Pliny's time had reached 180. The office was probably open in quite early times to both patricians and plebeians. The term is also applied in the inscriptions of Veii to the municipal senates and Cures, which numbered 100 members.

References

Further reading 
 

Roman law
Heavenly Action

"Heavenly Action" is a song by English synth-pop duo Erasure, released in November 1985 as their second single. It is a mid-tempo pop song, written by Erasure members Vince Clarke and Andy Bell as a straightforward ode to love. Issued by Mute Records in the UK and Sire Records in the U.S., the single proved to be the second commercial failure for the duo (following "Who Needs Love Like That"). The music video for the song was directed by John Scarlett Davies and produced by Nick Verden for Aldabra. It features Clarke and Bell in an outer space/celestial setting, with several young children appearing as angels. To this day, "Heavenly Action" remains Erasure's lowest-charting single on the UK Singles Chart, peaking at number 100.  In the United States, "Heavenly Action" was paired with "Who Needs Love Like That" on the 12-inch single and, as a double-sided hit, climbed to number eight on the U.S. Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart. It was later included on the duo's debut album Wonderland, released in June 1986.

Critical reception
In his review of Wonderland, Ned Raggett from AllMusic said that "Who Needs Love Like That" and "Heavenly Action" "aren't quite as strong but work in the general formula quite well regardless."

Track listings

 7", Mute / MUTE42 (UK)
 "Heavenly Action"
 "Don't Say No"

 12", Mute / 12MUTE42 (UK)
 "Heavenly Action" (12" Mix)
 "Don't Say No" (Instrumental)
 "My Heart... So Blue" (Incidental)

 12", Mute / L12MUTE42 (UK)
 "Heavenly Action" (Yellow Brick Mix)
 "Don't Say No" (Ruby Red Mix)

 2x12", Mute / D12MUTE42 (UK)
 "Heavenly Action" (12" Mix) – 6:03
 "Don't Say No" (Instrumental) – 3:20
 "My Heart... So Blue" (Incidental) – 3:36

 "Who Needs Love Like That" (Mexican Mix) – 6:08
 "Push Me Shove Me" (Tacos Mix) – 5:46

 CD, Mute / CDMUTE42 (UK)
 "Heavenly Action"
 "Don't Say No"
 "Heavenly Action" (12" Mix)
 "Don't Say No" (Instrumental)
 "My Heart... So Blue" (Incidental)

Charts

Cover versions
In June 2011, Maurice Harris, a singer, songwriter and music producer from Cincinnati, Ohio, released a country-themed, pop raggaeton cover version. Harris' version can be heard on his personal SoundCloud page.

References

1985 singles
Erasure songs
Songs written by Vince Clarke
Songs written by Andy Bell (singer)
Song recordings produced by Flood (producer)
Mute Records singles
1985 songs
Texas State Highway 51

State Highway 51 (SH 51) is a short state highway located entirely in Hansford County, Texas, just south of Spearman.

Route description
SH 51 begins at  SH 207 southeast of Spearman and travels east through unincorporated Hansford County approximately . It is a two-lane route for its entire length, and has no intersections with other state-maintained routes until its terminus at  FM 281, which continues to the east and south, and  FM 760, which travels north to Spearman.

History
The original SH 51 was designated on August 21, 1923, as a route from Sagerton to Crowell, replacing a portion of SH 28. On June 15, 1926, it was extended north to the Oklahoma state line. On December 21, 1926, it was to extend to Longworth, but the conditions were not met for the designation to take effect. The south end was modified several times. It was cancelled on January 19, 1932, being replaced by SH 16.

The second SH 51 was designated on April 5, 1932, as a route from Dalhart northward to the Oklahoma state line. It was extended south to McCamey on July 16, 1934, replacing SH 143 from Channing to Meadow and the majority of SH 137 from Meadow to McCamey. On July 15, 1935, the section from Channing to Levelland was cancelled. On December 22, 1936, this section was restored. On November 23, 1937, SH 51 was rerouted to bypass Meadow. On February 4, 1941, the section of SH 51 from the Hockley–Terry county line to Brownfield was cancelled, creating a gap. On February 28, 1941, the section from the Hockley–Terry county line to the Hockley–Lamb county line was cancelled, increasing the gap. On May 14, 1941, the section from the Hockley–Terry county line to Brownfield was restored, partially closing the gap. On September 23, 1941, the section from Levelland to the Hockley–Terry county line was restored, closing the gap further. On April 28, 1942, it was extended south to Sheffield.  On September 22, 1942, to section of SH 51 from Levelland to the Hockley–Lamb county line was restored, closing the gap. On October 24, 1956, the highway was rerouted southwest over FM 1214 from US 290 to US 90 and SH 227 from US 90 to the entrance of Big Bend National Park. The section from Rankin to Sheffield was transferred to SH 349. This entire route was canceled on August 28, 1958, when US 385 was transferred to the west.

The current SH 51 was designated on January 29, 1974; its routing has remained unchanged.

Major intersections

References

051
Transportation in Hansford County, Texas