alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
ACMECS

Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya-Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy (ACMECS) is a political, economic, and cultural organization among Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar.
At the special ASEAN Summit on SARS, held in Bangkok on 29 April 2003, Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra raised the idea of establishing what was then called the “Economic Cooperation Strategy", with leaders of Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar.

The objectives of this initiative are to bridge the economic gap among these member countries and to promote prosperity in the sub-region in a sustainable manner. Such prosperity, it is expected, will not only benefit the five countries, but also add value to ASEAN and its solidarity. It is hoped that a stronger Mekong sub-region will also mean a stronger ASEAN. In this way the new cooperation framework is expected to act as a building block and move ASEAN forward at a more even pace, on the basis of self-reliance and shared prosperity.

Leaders of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Thailand met for the first time on 12 November 2003 in Bagan, the Union of Myanmar. At the Summit, the four Leaders adopted the Bagan Declaration, affirming their commitment to cooperate in five priority areas of cooperation, and endorsed the Economic Cooperation Strategy Plan of Action, under which 46 common projects and 224 bilateral projects were listed for implementation over the next ten years. The Leaders agreed to call this newly created economic cooperation framework the "Ayeyawady-Chao Phraya-Mekong Economic Cooperation Strategy" or "ACMECS".

The joining of Vietnam with the group on 10 May 2004 has increased ACMECS to 5 member countries. The emphasis of ACMECS is on using self-help and partnership to achieve sustainable development, including poverty reduction, in line with the UN Millennium Development Goals.

ACMECS is intended to act as a catalyst to build upon existing regional cooperation programs and complement bilateral frameworks with a view to transforming the border areas of the five countries into zones of economic growth, social progress and prosperity, and to blending local, national and regional interests for common benefits, shared prosperity, enhanced solidarity, peace, stability and good neighborliness.

External links
acmecs official website
acmecsthailand Official ACMECS Business Council Website

Organizations established in 2003
International political organizations
International economic organizations
International organizations based in Asia
Sistars

Sistars is a Polish pop/soul group formed in 2001. Their music showcases the vocals of sister vocalists Natalia Przybysz and Paulina Przybysz, and producers/composers Bartek Królik, Marek Piotrowski incorporating elements of rap, R&B, funk and jazz.

The group first received public attention through a guest performance on the song "Zeszyt rymów" by rapper Tede. March 15, 2003 marked the release of their debut album, Siła sióstr, with guest appearances by O.S.T.R., Tede, Ania Szarmach and others. The album featured by the single "Nie ty, nie my (Spadaj)" which saw the production of a music video. 2004 proved a highly successful year for the group, beginning with the release of the Sistars EP, whose single "Sutra" was an instant hit. Later that year the group received multiple Polish music awards, including an ESKA award for Best Debut, as well as the Audience Award and Grand Prix at the Opole 2004 Music Festival. In 2005 Sistars released their second album, A.E.I.O.U., which solidified their standing in the Polish hip-hop scene, in addition to winning three Fryderyk Awards and an ESKA award for Best Band. Sistars also won the MTV Europe Music Award for "Best Polish Act" for two consecutive years, beginning in 2004. The group split in 2006, with the vocalists beginning solo careers.

In 2011, the group reunited for one concert during the Orange Warsaw Festival. A year later, they decided to end the hiatus and start working on new material. The first song after a 7-year break, titled "Ziemia", was released to Polish radio stations in 2013. The band broke up again a few months later, due to conflicts and difficulties in collaboration.

Paulina and Natalia are vegans.

Band members
 Natalia Przybysz (N'Talia) – vocals
 Paulina Przybysz (Lil' Sista) – vocals
 Bartek Królik (BQ) – vocals / bass
 Marek Piotrowski (Maru$) – keyboards
 Przemysław Maciołek (Przemo) – guitars
 Robert Luty – drums
 Marcin Ułanowski (U1) – drums (ex-member)

Discography

Albums

Extended plays

Compilation albums

Singles

References

Polish pop music groups
MTV Europe Music Award winners
NFPA 921

NFPA 921, "Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations", is a peer reviewed document that is published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).   Its purpose is "to establish guidelines and recommendations for the safe and systematic investigation or analysis of fire and explosion incidents" (section 1.2.1). Familiarity with NFPA 921 is strongly recommended by National Association of Fire Investigators and the International Association of Arson Investigators (IAAI). NFPA 921 forms a large basis of the information which a professional fire investigator must know to pass the various Fire Investigator Certification (NAFI and IAAI) examinations.

While not every recommendation in NFPA 921 will apply to any particular fire or explosion investigation, the document itself recommends that if a particular fire investigator does not apply certain sections to an investigation where they are called-for, the investigator must be prepared to justify the exclusion.

This standard was long resisted in legal circles, with civil and criminal arson investigations leading to convictions later proven wrongful, such as that of Cameron Todd Willingham.

See also
 Fire investigation
 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
 Kirk's Fire Investigation

External links

References

Fire investigation
Safety organizations
Firefighting in the United States
NFPA Standards
Johnstown Traction Company

Johnstown Traction Company (JTC) was a public transit system in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States. For most of its existence it was primarily a street-railway system, but in later years also operated rubber-tired vehicles.  JTC operated trolley (tram) service in Johnstown from February 23, 1910 to June 11, 1960.  Johnstown was one of the last small cities to abandon trolley service in the United States. It was also the smallest city to acquire a fleet of PCC cars and acquired trackless trolleys at a late date compared to larger transit properties.  Many of the 1920s-era cars went directly to museums; however, none of the 17 PCC streetcars were saved. Efforts to sell the 16 then-surviving PCC cars intact were unsuccessful, and in 1962 they were scrapped, but many of their components were salvaged and sold to the Brussels, Belgium tram system, reused in the last series of single PCC trams (), which ran from 1970 until February 2010.

JTC's system also included electric trolley buses, the first route of which was opened on November 20, 1951.  Trolley bus service continued until 1967, the last day of electric service being November 11, 1967.  The transit system then used only motor buses, but retained the name Johnstown Traction Company (in which "traction" is a reference to electric vehicle propulsion).  In 1976, the private JTC would become the CamTran public transit system.

Surviving JTC cars

 350 Pennsylvania Trolley Museum
 351 Market Street Railway (San Francisco)
 311, 355 Rockhill Trolley Museum
 356, 357 Shore Line Trolley Museum
 358 originally Stone Mountain, Georgia, then Trolley Museum of New York
 362 Johnstown Area Heritage Association

See also
 Streetcars in Kenosha, Wisconsin – An ex-Toronto PCC car, in service on a heritage streetcar system here, wears the JTC paint scheme in tribute to Johnstown's streetcar system, which used similar PCC cars

References

External links
Johnstown Traction Company
Johnstown Traction streetcar photos on Dave's Rail Pix
Johnstown Traction trolleybus photos on Tom's Trackless Trolley Pictures
YouTube amateur video

History of Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Streetcars in Pennsylvania
Trolleybus transport in the United States
Interurban railways in Pennsylvania
Defunct Pennsylvania railroads
Transportation in Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Defunct public transport operators in the United States
Tram, urban railway and trolley companies
Carphophis vermis

Carphophis vermis (common name western worm snake) is a species of small, nonvenomous colubrid snake native to the United States.

Etymology
The specific name, vermis, is Latin for "worm".

Physical description
The western worm snake has a dark, black or purplish dorsal coloration, with a lighter, pink or reddish underside.

Adults are usually from  in total length (including tail); however, the maximum recorded total length is .

Geographic range
The western worm snake is found in the United States in southern Iowa, southeastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, western Illinois, Missouri, Louisiana, eastern Oklahoma, and northeastern Texas with isolated records from southwestern Wisconsin, southeastern Arkansas and middle Tennessee.

Behavior
C. vermis is fossorial, and spends the vast majority of time buried in loose, rocky soil, or under damp forest leaf litter. It is abundant within its range, but rarely seen due to its secretive nature.

Reproduction
Little is known about the mating habits of the western worm snake, but breeding likely occurs in the early spring. Eggs are laid in the early summer. Clutch size is normally 1-8 eggs, and hatching takes place in August or September. Hatchlings range in size from  in total length.

Diet
The western worm snake's diet consists almost entirely of earthworms, but it will also consume soft-bodied insects.

Defense
If harassed, C. vermis will often release foul smelling musk from its cloaca. If handled, it may press its tail tip into the captor's hand as a defense mechanism.

References

Further reading
Behler, J.L., and F.W. King (1979). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Knopf. 743 pp. . (Carphophis amoenus vermis, p. 592 + Plate 493).
Kennicott, R. (1859). "Notes on Coluber calligaster of Say, and a description of new species of Serpents in the collection of the North Western University of Evanston, Ill[inois]". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia [11]: 98–100. (Celuta vermis, new species, pp. 99–100).
Powell, R., R. Conant and J.T. Collins (2016). Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp., 47 color plates, 207 figures. . (Carphophis vermis, pp. 402–403, Figure 187 + Plate 38).

External links

 
Western Worm Snake, Reptiles and Amphibians of Iowa

Carphophis
Fauna of the Plains-Midwest (United States)
Fauna of the Southeastern United States
Reptiles of the United States
Taxa named by Robert Kennicott
Reptiles described in 1859
Hadmersleben

Hadmersleben is a town and a former municipality in the Börde district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 September 2010, it is part of the town of Oschersleben.

References

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Former municipalities in Saxony-Anhalt
Oschersleben
Massandra

Massandra or Masandra (; ; ) is an urban-type settlement in the Yalta Municipality in Crimea.

Occupying the spot of an ancient Greek settlement (Tavrida-Ταυρίδα), Masandra was acquired by Counts Potocki in 1783.

In the mid-19th century, it passed to Prince Vorontsov Jr, whose father was the governor of New Russia. Enraptured by a picturesque setting, Vorontsov in 1881 engaged a team of French architects to design for him a château in the Louis XIII style. He died the following year and construction work was suspended until 1889, when the messuage was purchased by Alexander III of Russia. The tsar asked architect Maximilian Messmacher to finish the palace for his own use but he did not live to see it completed in 1900. 
During the Soviet years, the palace was employed by Joseph Stalin as his dacha.

Today, Masandra is known for its viniculture and production of dessert and fortified wines. The Massandra Winery was founded by Prince Lev Golitsyn in 1894. The enoteca of the winery contains about one million bottles of wine.

A minor planet, 3298 Massandra, discovered in 1979 by N. Chernykh at Nauchnyj, is named after the settlement.

See also
 Euxinograd near Varna, the site of a similar seaside château, commissioned by Ferdinand I of Bulgaria

References

External links
 Masandra Palace Photoalbum
 

Urban-type settlements in Crimea
Official residences in Russia
Official residences in Ukraine
Seaside resorts in Russia
Seaside resorts in Ukraine
Yalta Municipality
Wine regions of Russia
Wine regions of Ukraine
Presidential residences
Official residences
Kmoch

Kmoch is a surname meaning godfather in Moravian dialect of Czech language. 

Notable people with the surname include:

 František Kmoch (1848–1912), Czech composer and conductor
 Hans Kmoch (1894–1973), Austrian-American chess master and -journalist

Czech-language surnames
3rd British Academy Film Awards

The 3rd British Academy Film Awards, known retroactively as the British Academy Film Awards, were given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) (known then as the British Film Academy) on 29 May 1950, and honoured the best films of 1948 and 1949. The awards for Best British Film and Best Film from any Source was handed out to The Third Man and Bicycle Thieves, respectively, and The Third Man was the most nominated feature film, with two.

Winners and nominees
The Third Man and Bicycle Thieves received the awards for Best British Film and Best Film from any Source, respectively, and The Third Man received a further nomination in the latter category; Daybreak in Udi received the award for Best Documentary; French education film, La Famille Martin received the Special Award; and The Search received the United Nations Award.

Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface; the nominees are listed below alphabetically and not in boldface.

See also
 7th Golden Globe Awards
 22nd Academy Awards

References

External links
The British Academy of Film and Television Arts Official website

003
1949 film awards
1950 in British cinema
May 1950 events in the United Kingdom
1950 in London
Victory Memorial Gardens

Victory Memorial Gardens are located on the banks of the Wollundry Lagoon in the central business district of Wagga Wagga New South Wales, Australia.  The  of land were formerly the site of the Old Police Barracks and Police Paddock, where all of the police horses were kept. It became land for public recreation in February 1931. In 1925 the Wagga Wagga Municipality Council planned a tribute to those who fought and died in the First World War. The Council and Returned Sailors, Soldiers Imperial League of Australia (RSSILA) originally planned a memorial hall to be added onto the council chambers but public preference was for gardens. There was a public competition for the design which was won by Thomas Kerr who was the chief landscape gardener of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney. Work on the gardens started in 1928.

In the midst of the war, there had been a proposal for a Memorial Arch to honour volunteer soldiers from 1916. The proposal gained momentum when the servicemen returned after the War. A plan was finally planned to construct a monumental archway entrance to a memorial gardens in 1925. The Victory Memorial Gardens Arch was finally completed at a cost of £1700 and was officially unveiled amid great fanfare on Anzac Day 1927 by Major-General C. F. Cox.

A cenotaph had been built earlier in 1922.

In 2006, the Chisholm Fountain, previously located in the Civic Centre precinct, was restored and installed in the gardens in time for Anzac Day commemorations.

Notes

References

 Morris, Sherry; Fife, Harold. A history of the Wagga Wagga sub-branch of the Returned and Services League of Australia : 1918-1998. Wagga Wagga, NSW.: Wagga Wagga sub branch of the RSL, 1999.

External links

Victory Memorial Gardens - City of Wagga Wagga
History of the Victory Memorial Gardens - City of Wagga Wagga

Australian military memorials
Gardens in New South Wales
Urban public parks
History of Wagga Wagga
Vladislav Finagin

Vladislav Aleksandrovich Finagin is the former mayor of Dubăsari and head of the Dubossary district in central Transnistria (1990–2007). He is one of the founders of the United Work Collective Council, an organization that led the split of Transnistria from the Moldovan SSR in 1987–1990.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Lone Star College–Kingwood

Lone Star College-Kingwood, until 2007 Kingwood College (KC), is a community college in the Kingwood section of Houston, Texas, United States.

Lone Star College-Kingwood is a part of the Lone Star College System. The college offers many academic courses, specialized workforce programs, and career and technical education programs in addition to the standard two-year degrees. Offerings include teaching, nursing, dental hygiene, respiratory care, occupational therapy, and computing programs. The campus currently has nine buildings, and the 10th, Health Professions Center, will open in spring 2022.

History

The college was established in 1984 with 1,168 students.

In 2000 Mark Schone of Spin wrote that in the Kingwood area LSC-Kingwood is known as a "13th grade" since so many people from the area go to the school there.

The name was changed in 2007 to emphasize the presence of the college district.

Six buildings of the college were affected by flooding from Hurricane Harvey in 2017, with 95% of the library's books destroyed.

Academics
LSC-Kingwood and its satellite centers serve more than 11,000 students each semester. Students can choose a mode of instruction (online, in-person, and hybrid) that works best with their schedules. In 2011, the college opened a satellite center, LSC-Atascocita Center, on West Lake Houston Parkway. Students can take general college courses toward an associate degree or earn transfer credits to a four-year university. In 2018, the second satellite facility, the LSC-Process Technology Center, opened in Generation Park. In addition to core classes, students can earn an associate degree in Process Technology or Instrumentation Technology.

Beyond standard academic classes, LSC-Kingwood partners with area school districts to offer dual credit courses and Early College High School programs. LSC-Kingwood offers courses at Infinity Early College High School, partnering with New Caney ISD. Before COVID-19, the educational institution offered many programs for adults age 50 and older through the Academy for Lifelong Learning (ALL) and summer camps for children ages 7-18 through Discovery College. In addition, the college hosted several community events, i.e., drama productions, concerts, recitals, art shows, and invited all stakeholders to take advantage of its resources, such as the fitness center.

See also

Lone Star College System

References

External links

Kingwood
Universities and colleges in Houston
Educational institutions established in 1984
1984 establishments in Texas
Education in Montgomery County, Texas
Buildings and structures in Montgomery County, Texas
Chassenon

Chassenon (; ) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.

History
The ancient name of the village was Cassinomagus.

Situated on the Agrippan Way (Lyon - Saintes), Cassinomagus was, in the Roman times, important enough to be mentioned on the mediaeval Peutinger map as one of the two secondary towns between Limoges and Saintes. The remains of this Gallo-Roman town lay on about 300 hectares and include a sanctuary of about 25 hectares. This sanctuary consisted of several monuments: a big temple, two small ones, a theatre (amphitheatre ?), and thermal baths. The baths, which are very well preserved, can be visited.

The impactite, which is part of the Rochechouart impact structure, was quarried north-west of Rochechouart near Chassenon, was the stone principally used in the building of the monumental Roman baths of Cassinomagus.

Population

See also
Communes of the Charente department
 Rochechouart crater

References

Communes of Charente
Lemovices
Charente communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
Kirk's Fire Investigation

Kirk's Fire Investigation by David J. Icove and Gerald A. Haynes has long been regarded as the primary textbook in the field of fire investigation.   It is currently in its 8th edition (published in 2017, ).

The book is now in close accordance to the 2017 Edition of NFPA 921, Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigation; the 2014 Edition of NFPA 1033, Standard for Professional Guidelines for Fire Investigators; and the model curriculum of the Fire Emergency Service Higher Education (FESHE) group.

The title refers to Paul Leland Kirk (1902-1970), the author of the original text Fire Investigation that was the basis for Kirk's Fire Investigation.

References

Fire investigation
Michael Behonick

Michael Behonick (born January 3, 1981 in Bohemia, New York) is an American retired soccer player who last played for the Puerto Rico Islanders of the USL First Division. Behonick is now an assistant coach at for the Pittsburgh Panthers men's soccer team.

Career

College
Behonick played college soccer at American University from 1999–2002, where he helped the Eagles reach the NCAA Tournament as a junior and earned second-team all-Patriot League honors the same season.

Professional
Behonick was selected 51st overall in the 2003 MLS SuperDraft by D.C. United but did not remain with the club. Instead, he began his professional career with the Charleston Battery of the A-League but did not see significant playing time until starting 10 matches in the 2005 season.

In 2004, the Battery sent him on loan to the Harrisburg City Islanders where he played seven games. In 2006, he was signed by New York Red Bulls as the team's third-choice goalkeeper behind Tony Meola and Jon Conway. The Red Bulls sent him on loan to the Long Island Rough Riders before releasing him at the end of the season. In 2007, he joined Crystal Palace Baltimore after passing their trial in early 2007. He began the season as first choice goalkeeper, but after some heavy defeats found himself dropped in favor of Brian Rowland.

Half way through the season he was signed by the Islanders to serve as second string goalie behind Josh Saunders. In January 2008 he suffered an injury to his leg when in camp with the Puerto Rico national team, sidelining him for five months and ruining his chance of becoming first goalkeeper for the Puerto Rico Islanders after Josh Saunders left. In July 2008 he rejoined the Puerto Rico Islanders as backup to Bill Gaudette.

Honors

Club

Puerto Rico Islanders
USL First Division Championship
 Runners-up (1): 2008
Commissioner's Cup
 Winners (1): 2008
CFU Club Championship
 Runner-up (1): 2009

References

External links
 Charleston Battery bio

1981 births
Living people
American Eagles men's soccer players
American men's soccer players
Men's association football goalkeepers
American University alumni
USL First Division players
USL Second Division players
Charleston Battery players
Crystal Palace Baltimore players
Puerto Rico Islanders players
Long Island Rough Riders players
Penn FC players
Expatriate men's footballers in Puerto Rico
A-League (1995–2004) players
Soccer players from New York (state)
D.C. United draft picks
Alashankou

Alashankou is a border city in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. It is a port of entry by both railroad and highway from Kazakhstan as part of the Eurasian Land Bridge.

Overview
The city is named after the Dzungarian Gate (Alashankou in Chinese), a pass connecting the two countries through the Dzungarian Alatau mountains. West of the pass, the port of entry on the Kazakhstan side is Dostyk. Alashankou is  from Bole,  from Ürümqi, and  from Almaty. The weather in Alashankou is harsh.

Alashankou is one of China's national first-class ports of entry. The volume of imports and exports passing through Alashankou accounts for 90% of the total for all of Xinjiang. Since 2010, it has surpassed Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia to become the busiest land port-of-entry in China.

Formerly a township-level port commission under the administration of Bole City, Alashankou was upgraded to a county-level city in December 2012. The city governs an area of , including  of built-up area, which is divided into Alatao and Aibihu subdistricts. It has a permanent population of 10,000 and a floating population of 30,000.

Transport 
The agreement between the Soviet Union and the China to connect Kazakhstan with Western China by rail was achieved in 1954. On the Soviet side, the railway reached the border town of Druzhba (Dostyk) in 1959. On the Chinese side, however, the westward construction of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway was stopped once it reached Ürümqi in 1962. Due to the Sino-Soviet split, the railway link was not completed until September 12, 1990. The highway port of entry was opened in December 1995.

The railway networks of the two countries use different gauges (China, like most of Europe, uses the standard gauge of , but Kazakhstan uses the broader gauge of ), so there are breaks of gauge. It is proposed to build a standard gauge transcontinental railway to link Europe and China to bypass these two breaks of gauge. This project was signed in 2004.

On July 10, 2010, Bole Alashankou Airport was opened with scheduled flights to Ürümqi.

Administrative divisions 
Alashankou is made up of 1 subdistrict and 1 town.

Climate

See also 
 Alashankou railway station
 Lake Alakol

Notes

References

External links

China–Kazakhstan border crossings
Populated places in Xinjiang
County-level divisions of Xinjiang
Fuerteventura Airport

Fuerteventura Airport , also known as El Matorral Airport, is an airport serving the Spanish island of Fuerteventura. It is situated in El Matorral,  southwest of the capital city Puerto del Rosario. The airport has flight connections to over 80 destinations worldwide, and over 5.6 million passengers passed through it in 2019.

The airport has one terminal building with two floors. The ground floor has two sections; one section is for flight arrivals and the other for flight departures. The first floor has the departures lounge and 24 boarding gates. In total, the terminal covers over 92,000 m2 and it has the capacity to handle 8.2 million passengers per year.

History

Early years
The airport was opened officially on 14 September 1969. The first plane to touch down on the new runway was an Iberia Fokker F27, which flew the route Gran Canaria-Fuerteventura-Lanzarote.

In 1973, El Matorral Airport began to operate its first flights to European countries with the airline Condor, which linked the German city of Düsseldorf directly with Puerto del Rosario. In the following years, the airport experienced considerable growth in the number of operations, which resulted in a series of improvements, starting in 1978, to ensure that the working of the aerodrome continued to meet the needs of the passengers.

Development since the 1990s

In 1994, construction started on a new terminal building, an aircraft apron, a taxiway parallel to the runway, a power plant and a new access road. The works were completed with the extension of the car park and a detour on the Puerto de Rosario–Matorral road adding some two kilometres, of which 1.5 are double lane. With the new facilities it was possible to handle around five million passengers a year and manage around 3,100 passengers per hour at peak periods.

Airlines and destinations

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Fuerteventura Airport:

Statistics

References

External links

Official website

Airports in the Canary Islands
Buildings and structures in Fuerteventura
Airports established in 1969
Rasul Kudayev

Rasul Kudayev is a Russian citizen who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba. 
Kudayev is a Muslim from the Russian republic of Kabardino-Balkaria. 

In 1995, while a young teenager, Kudayev won a wrestling championship.
His mother and brother stated that, in 2000, while still a teenager, Kudayev traveled to Central Asia to advance his sports career.

Kudayev, and six other Russian Guantanamo detainees (including Ruslan Odizhev who also lived in Nalchik), were repatriated to Russia, where they faced charges of illegal border crossing, being members of a criminal group and being a mercenary in an armed conflict, but were released without trial shortly after.

In 2005, he was arrested in Nalchik for allegedly taking part in the preparation of the rebel raid, and participation in the attack itself (taking the road police post in Khasanya suburb of Nalchik).

On December 2, 2008, he was reported to have been seriously ill.
According to Human Rights Watch, Kudayev has yet to stand trial.  They reported that he acquired serious liver disease in Guantanamo, which Russian authorities have declined to treat.  They report that he was receiving medical treatment for his liver disease at the time authorities assert he was engaging in the Nalchik attack.  They claim his confession was coerced through beatings and coercive interrogation techniques.

Russian detention
Rasul Kudayev was taken into custody in October 2005.
The Washington Post reported he was apprehended: "in the southern Russian city of Nalchik after an assault on government facilities."
Russian authorities have held him in extrajudicial detention—they have not laid any charges against him.

In December 2014, the court case on the raid was still in progress.

Pentagon claim he had "returned to the fight"

On May 20, 2009, the New York Times, citing an unreleased Pentagon document, reported that Department of Defense officials claimed Rasul Kudayev was one of 74 former Guantanamo captives who "are engaged in terrorism or militant activity."

References

External links
 The Pentagon Can’t Count: 22 Juveniles Held at Guantánamo Andy Worthington

1984 births
Living people
People from Prokhladny, Kabardino-Balkar Republic
Russian Muslims
Russian wrestlers
Guantanamo detainees known to have been released
Russian extrajudicial prisoners of the United States
Juveniles held at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp
Sportspeople from Kabardino-Balkaria
Peninsula Transportation District Commission

PENTRAN, was formerly the public transit service that covered the cities of Hampton, Virginia and Newport News, Virginia from 1975 to 1999, both located within the Hampton Roads metropolitan area, on the Virginia Peninsula.

In January 1974, the Newport News City Council discussed entering into a mass transit authority with Hampton so they could acquire the privately owned Citizens Rapid Transit (CRT) and run a bus operation for the cities. Within a month, the Newport News and Hampton city councils had voted to form the Peninsula Transportation District Commission (PTDC), also known as PENTRAN. 

The PTDC purchased CRT, and by April 1975 the new public bus company, PENTRAN, was providing service in Hampton and Newport News. 

PENTRAN merged with Tidewater Regional Transit in 1999, to form Hampton Roads Transit.

Transit agencies in Virginia
Brauer Museum of Art

The Brauer Museum of Art is home to a collection of 19th- and 20th-century American art, world religious art, and Midwestern regional art. It is located in the Valparaiso University Center for the Arts (VUCA) on the campus of Valparaiso University in Valparaiso, Indiana, US. Prior to the museum's opening, the university's collection was housed and displayed within several buildings across campus. It was named the Brauer Museum of Art in 1996 to honor the collection's long-time director and curator, Richard H. W. Brauer.

Collection 

The collection of the museum includes landscape paintings by Frederic Edwin Church, Asher B. Durand, John F. Kensett and largest known collection of works by painter Junius R. Sloan. Large late 19th-century paintings by T. Alexander Harrison and Elizabeth Nourse; Impressionist paintings by Karl Anderson, Childe Hassam and Robert Reid, and urban realist paintings by William Glackens and John Sloan also comprise some of the Brauer Museum's permanent collection of over 2,700 pieces.

The Brauer Museum of Art holds 150 photographs and seven silkscreen prints by Andy Warhol, including an iconic soup can painting.

The museum also holds early modernist paintings by John Marin, Walt Kuhn and Georgia O'Keeffe. Other contemporary works include artists such as Elaine de Kooning, Ed Paschke, Chuck Close, Diego Lasansky, Dale Chihuly, Frank Dudley John Himmelfarb, and Ansel Adams.

In February 2023, The Brauer came under fire for plans to sell three major works from its collection by Frederic Edwin Church, Childe Hassam, and Georgia O'Keeffe to fund improvements to a Valparaiso University dormitory.

The Brauer Museum frequently hosts special exhibitions and events. In the past, such events have featured the works of such artists as Ansel Adams and Salvador Dalí.

References

External links

Art museums established in 1996
Valparaiso University
University museums in Indiana
Art museums and galleries in Indiana
Museums in Porter County, Indiana
1996 establishments in Indiana
Buildings and structures in Valparaiso, Indiana
Rusenski Lom

The Rusenski Lom ( ) is a river in northeastern Bulgaria, the last major right tributary of the Danube. It is formed by the rivers Beli Lom and Cherni Lom, the former taking its source south of Razgrad and the latter southeast of Popovo.

The source of the Beli Lom at  and  above sea level is provisionally accepted as the point where the Rusenski Lom starts. Before they merge, the two rivers have a length of  for the Cherni Lom and  for the Beli Lom and a drainage basin of  and  respectively. Both rivers primarily run northwestwards, with the Beli Lom going west at Senovo and the Cherni Lom flowing northeast after Shirokovo, as the two rivers get closer to merge east of Ivanovo. The Rusenski Lom empties into the Danube at the city of Ruse, which gives the river its name. The total length from the source of the Beli Lom is . The altitude of the mouth is  above sea level.

The Rusenski Lom flows through Rusenski Lom Nature Park.

References

Rivers of Bulgaria
Landforms of Razgrad Province
Landforms of Ruse Province
Elie Ikangu

Elie Ikangu (born October 4, 1986 in Paris, France) is a football midfielder who played for New York Red Bulls of Major League Soccer.

Ikangu played with the youth team at French team Le Havre AC. He joined English Football League Two (fourth tier) club Darlington in 2005, but was released in January 2006 having failed to progress from the youth team. He played on trial for the reserve team of Premier League club Middlesbrough, then moved to the United States, where, after a preseason trial, he signed a developmental contract with New York Red Bulls in 2006. He was let go by the team in February 2008. He is of Congolese descent.

References

1986 births
Living people
Footballers from Paris
French men's footballers
French expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Le Havre AC players
Darlington F.C. players
New York Red Bulls players
Major League Soccer players
French sportspeople of Democratic Republic of the Congo descent
French expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Black French sportspeople
Tre Lux

Tre Lux (also known as Tré Lux) is the solo trip hop project of Tina Root, the vocalist of Switchblade Symphony.

A Strange Gathering
Her first full-length album, A Strange Gathering, was released September 19, 2006.  It is composed of cover songs.

 "Never Let Me Down Again" – Depeche Mode cover – 4:24
 "Come Away with Me" – Norah Jones cover – 5:20
 "Wild Horses" – The Rolling Stones cover – 3:06
 "Yellow" – Coldplay cover – 4:43
 "The Chauffeur" – Duran Duran cover – 4:13
 "I Know There's Something Going On" – Anni-Frid Lyngstad (a.k.a. Frida) cover – 4:42
 "What's On Your Mind (Pure Energy)" – Information Society cover – 3:49
 "Black Hole Sun" – Soundgarden cover – 4:42
 "Karma Police" – Radiohead cover – 3:55
 "(Every Day Is) Halloween" – Ministry cover – 4:17
 "Run" – Snow Patrol cover – 6:02
 "Bad Trash" – Switchblade Symphony cover – 4:31

Website/MySpace Downloads
The following songs were released on TreLux.com or the project's MySpace page in the early-mid 2000's.

 "Frosty" - A cover of Frosty the Snow Man
 "Movement"
 "South Side (song)" - Moby cover - 4:03 This Song was also later released on a Moby Tribute album titled Replay: A Tribute to Moby
 "Stop"

External links
Official website
Official MySpace page

American electronic music groups
Trip hop groups
Lenin Komsomol Prize

Lenin Komsomol Prize () was a Soviet annual award for the best works in science, engineering, literature or art carried out by young authors of age not exceeding 33 years. Komsomol was the abbreviated name of The Communist Union of Youth (Russian: Коммунистический союз молодёжи; hence Ком-со-мол, Kom-so-mol).

The award was instituted by the Central Committee of VLKSM in March 1966. The reason for the selection of this particular age threshold is unclear (the age threshold for Komsomol membership is 28). The coincidence of the upper threshold of 33 with the "age of Christ" was a matter of jokes. Symbolically, the first winner of this award in the Soviet Union was writer Nikolay Ostrovsky (who had died aged 32 in 1936).

In addition to the all-Union prize, Union republics had republican versions of the prize, named respectively, e.g., Belarus Lenin Komsomol Prize, and awarded by the republican Komsomol branches.

The prizes were introduced as follows:
 In the field of science and technology - 1967;
 For great achievements in teaching - 1984;
 For great achievements in labour - 1986

The winner was known as "Lenin Komsomol Prize Laureate", and together with the diploma was awarded a medal.

See also

Lenin Prize

Soviet awards
Awards established in 1966
Awards disestablished in 1991
1966 establishments in the Soviet Union
1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
Presidential Rule of Law Initiative

Presidential Rule of Law Initiative, or US-China Rule of Law Initiative, was a project between the United States and People's Republic of China to expand bilateral cooperation in the field of law.

In 1998, President Bill Clinton and President Jiang Zemin agreed to this program.   The special representative for the U.S. side was Paul Gewirtz.

One project of this initiative was the American Law Library program, which was to translate hundreds of books of American law into Chinese.

External links
 Paul Gewirtz, The US-China Rule of Law Initiative  (pdf file), William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, Vol.11, pp. 603–621 (2003).
Introduction to the Presidential Rule of Law Initiative

China–United States relations
R
Ere Kokkonen

Erkki Olavi "Ere" Kokkonen (7 July 1938 – 16 October 2008), born in Savonlinna, was a Finnish film director and screenwriter.

He worked closely with Spede Pasanen all the way from the 1960s until Spede's death, as a director, writer and also an actor. Kokkonen's feature film debut was Millipilleri (1966), co-directed with Spede Pasanen and Jukka Virtanen.

In later decades, when Turhapuro films were made less frequently, Kokkonen scripted and directed the Vääpeli Körmy series of films
His career as a director also includes filming of Arto Paasilinna's books, including The Ten Graters and A Charming Mass Suicide.

Kokkonen worked for both YLE and MTV3, where he served as entertainment director from 1974 to 1984. Kokkonen was the founder of the Comedy Theater Arena in 1995. He was the theatre's artistic director and director and screenwriter of most of the theater's performances. His wife Anna-Maija Kokkonen is the CEO of Arena. With his ex-wife Titta Jokinen, Kokkonen has daughter Kiti Kokkonen who is an actress.

In 1991 Ere Kokkonen founded a film production company, Ere Kokkonen Oy, which is still working.

In 2007 he wrote his memoirs, titled Memories return in Fragments.

Kokkonen died at the age of 70 in 2008 after a prolonged illness.

Awards
Kokkonen was awarded the Special Telvis award in February 2002.

Filmography
Director, writer or actor
 Millipilleri (1966)
 Pähkähullu Suomi (1967)
 Noin seitsemän veljestä (1968)
 Näköradiomiehen ihmeelliset siekailut (1969)
 Leikkikalugangsteri (1969)
 Pohjan tähteet (1969)
 Jussi Pussi (1970)
 Speedy Gonzales - Noin 7 veljeksen poika (1970)
 Kahdeksas veljes (1971)
 Uuno Turhapuro (1973)
 Viu-hah hah-taja (1974)
 Professori Uuno D.G. Turhapuro (1975)
 Lottovoittaja UKK Turhapuro (1976)
 Häpy Endkö? Eli kuinka Uuno Turhapuro sai niin kauniin ja rikkaan vaimon (1977)
 Rautakauppias Uuno Turhapuro – presidentin vävy (1978)
 Uuno Turhapuron aviokriisi (1981)
 Uuno Turhapuro menettää muistinsa (1982)
 Uuno Turhapuron muisti palailee pätkittäin (1983)
 Uuno Turhapuro armeijan leivissä (1984)
 Hei kliffaa hei (1985)
 Uuno Epsanjassa (1985)
 Uuno Turhapuro muuttaa maalle (1986)
 Liian iso keikka (1986)
 Pikkupojat (1986)
 Vääpeli Körmy ja marsalkan sauva (1990)
 Uuno Turhapuro – herra Helsingin herra (1991)
 Vääpeli Körmy ja vetenalaiset vehkeet (1991)
 Uuno Turhapuro – Suomen tasavallan herra presidentti (1992)
 Vääpeli Körmy ja etelän hetelmät (1992)
 Vääpeli Körmy: Taisteluni – Min Kampp (1994)
 Elämä lyhyt, Rytkönen pitkä (1996)
 Vääpeli Körmy ja kahtesti laukeava (1997)
 Johtaja Uuno Turhapuro – pisnismies (1998)
 Hurmaava joukkoitsemurha (2000)
 Kymmenen riivinrautaa (2002)
 Uuno Turhapuro – This Is My Life (2004)

References

External links
 

1938 births
2008 deaths
People from Savonlinna
Finnish film directors
Spede Pasanen
Dan Curran

Dan Curran (born October 28, 1976) is a former American football fullback, and currently the head football coach at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts. Curran became fifth head coach of the Merrimack football program after spending the three seasons as the offensive coordinator of one of the top offenses in the country. Curran has led the program to several marquee victories over the past three seasons, including the program’s first victory over a Division I opponent when it defeated reigning Northeast Conference champion and Division I FCS Tournament participant Wagner, as well as multiple wins over conference rival Bentley, two victories against conference power LIU Post, and the team's first-ever road win at the University of New Haven

Curran came to Merrimack after playing eight years of professional football which included time spent with the Seattle Seahawks and New Orleans Saints of the National Football League as well as the New Orleans Voodoo and Georgia Force of the Arena Football League. As a player in the Arena Football League, Curran earned First-team All-League Honors and was named to the All-Ironman Team after leading the league in rushing and becoming just the third player in league history at the time to rush for over 20 touchdowns in a season

He was hired as Merrimack head coach in February 2013.

Early years
Curran was named Boston Globe Player of the Year. He also earned All American status in USA Today and was named the 6th best player in New England by Super Prep Magazine. He led Chelmsford High School to a Super Bowl victory over Brookline High School.

College career
Curran attended the University of New Hampshire and played for Head Coach Sean McDonnell and Offensive Coordinator Chip Kelly earning Atlantic 10 honors his Senior year after rushing for 1,059 yards and scoring 16 touchdowns.

Head coaching record

References

External links
 Merrimack profile

1976 births
Living people
American football fullbacks
American football linebackers
Georgia Force players
Merrimack Warriors football coaches
Nashville Kats players
New Hampshire Wildcats football players
New Orleans VooDoo players
New Orleans Saints players
Seattle Seahawks players
People from Chelmsford, Massachusetts
Players of American football from Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Chelmsford High School alumni
Petr Cibulka

Petr Cibulka (born 27 October 1950) is a Czech politician and dissident. He is the founder and leader of the minor Right Bloc political party.

Communist era
Cibulka was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia. As a former member of Charter 77, Cibulka was imprisoned multiple times during Communist rule in Czechoslovakia. Prior to the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Cibulka had been arrested three times, and spent a total of four years in prison for distributing non-official cultural and musical material. During the Velvet Revolution, he was again arrested and imprisoned, but was released as crowds gathered in front of the prison in which he was held and demanded his release.

StB archives disclosure    
In the early 1990s, Cibulka published material from still-classified StB archives, containing lists of tens of thousands names of people with connections to the secret services. In 1999, he published a second edition of the list in book form. The book sold five times as many copies as the average work of fiction. A searchable electronic version was added later.

In 2003, the Czech government published similar, but much shorter lists, along with the very few personal files kept by the StB.

Other activities
Cibulka published an online political journal entitled "Uncensored News" ().

He is also the founder and leader of a tiny political party, the Right Bloc (). He was nominated by the party as its candidate in the 2013 presidential election, but he was able to collect only 300 signatures of the required 50,000, and did not qualify as a candidate.

References

External links 
 Party website

1950 births
Living people
Czech politicians
Charter 77 signatories
Czechoslovak prisoners and detainees
Prisoners and detainees of Czechoslovakia
People of the Velvet Revolution
Candidates in the 2013 Czech presidential election
Freston Tower

Freston Tower is a six-storey red brick folly south of Ipswich, Suffolk in the village of Freston. It stands on the banks of the River Orwell.

History

Construction date 
Arguably the oldest folly in England, the tower has various claims for construction dates, ranging from the 15th to 17th centuries.

There is a legend that the tower was built by "Lord de Freston" in the 15th century for his daughter Ellen, so she could study a different subject on a different floor six days of the week: the 1st floor was dedicated to reception, the 2nd to tapestry working, the 3rd to music, the 4th to painting, the 5th to literature and the 6th to astronomy, complete with instruments for taking observations.  This was written about in a novel by Reverend Richard Cobbold entitled Freston Tower: A Tale of the Times of Cardinal Wolsey (1850) and so should not be taken as fact.  There is much evidence against this legend, such as documents apparently referring to the construction of the tower within the twelve years preceding 1569, and it is likely that the tower was constructed by Edmond Latymer as a lookout over Freston Reach of the River Orwell. There are further descriptions suggesting a construction date of 1655.

The Landmark Trust, a historical building preservation charity and the current owner of Freston Tower, suggests the tower "was built in 1578 by a wealthy Ipswich merchant called Thomas Gooding".

Uses 
By 1730, the tower was available to let, complete with furniture. Between 1772 and 1779, Freston Tower was used for small-pox patients under inoculation.

Modern use
Most recently owned by Claire Hunt until 1999, Freston Tower was donated to the current owner the Landmark Trust, a charity that rescues and restores historical buildings.
In 2004, the tower became available to let as a holiday home.

References

External links

detailed historical record about Freston Tower

Folly towers in England
Grade II* listed buildings in Suffolk
Landmark Trust properties in England
Towers in Suffolk
Babergh District