alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Dieter Moebius

Dieter Moebius (16 January 1944 – 20 July 2015) was a Swiss-born German electronic musician and composer, best known as a member of the influential krautrock bands Cluster and Harmonia.

Moebius was studying art at Berlin's Akademie Grafik and working as a restaurant cook when he met Conrad Schnitzler, founder of the Zodiak Free Arts Lab with Hans-Joachim Roedelius. The trio founded the improv group Kluster in 1969. After the departure of Schnitzler, the duo changed their name to Cluster and relocated to the countryside village of Forst, releasing influential albums such as Zuckerzeit (1974) and Sowiesoso (1976). Moebius would also draw on his graphic design training create the cover artwork for various Cluster albums and related collaborations.

Meanwhile, Moebius and Roedelius founded the band Harmonia with Michael Rother of Neu!, releasing the albums Musik von Harmonia (1974) and Deluxe (1975). Admirer Brian Eno would subsequently collaborate with both groups. Moebius began recording solo works in the 1970s and was later involved in numerous side-projects with such musicians as Conny Plank and Mani Neumeier (Guru Guru), including the influential 1983 album Zero Set.

Moebius toured with Rother as Rother & Moebius in 2007. Additionally, on 27 November 2007, a Harmonia reunion concert was held in Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, where the band performed together live for the first time since 1976. He died of cancer on 20 July 2015.

Discography
Solo albums and collaborations
 1980 Rastakraut Pasta (with Conny Plank)
 1981 Material (with Conny Plank)
 1981 Strange Music (with Gerd Beerbohm)
 1982 Zero Set (with Conny Plank and Mani Neumeier)
 1983 Tonspuren 
 1983 Double Cut (with Gerd Beerbohm)
 1986 Blue Moon (Original Soundtrack) 
 1990 Ersatz (with Karl Renziehausen)
 1992 Ersatz II (with Karl Renziehausen)
 1995 En Route (with Conny Plank; recorded in 1986, additional mix in 1995)
 1998 Ludwig's Law (with Conny Plank and Mayo Thompson)
 1999 Blotch 
 2002 Live in Japan (with Mani Neumeier)
 2006 Nurton 
 2007 Zero Set II (with Mani Neumeier)
 2009 Kram
 2011 Ding 
 2012 Moebius & Tietchens (with Asmus Tietchens)
 2014 Snowghost Pieces (Moebius, Story, Leidecker)
 2014 Nidemonex
Posthumous albums
 2017 Musik Für Metropolis
 2017 Familiar (Moebius, Story, Leidecker)
 2017 Kunsthalle Düsseldorf (Live) (12") (Moebius, Schneider)
 2019 Objective Objects (Dieter Moebius & Dwight Ashley)

As Kluster / Cluster
See Kluster and Cluster

With Brian Eno and Hans-Joachim Roedelius
1977 : Cluster & Eno
1978 : After the Heat

As Harmonia, with Michael Rother and Hans-Joachim Roedelius
1973 : Musik Von Harmonia
1975 : Deluxe
1997 : Tracks and Traces (recorded 1976 with Brian Eno)
2007 : Live 1974

As Cosmic Couriers, with Mani Neumeier and Jürgen Engler
1996 : Other Places
2014 : Another Other Places

With Liliental
 1978 Liliental

Source:

References

External links

1944 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cancer in Germany
Ambient musicians
Krautrock
Swiss rock musicians
Marion National Cemetery

Marion National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Marion in Grant County, Indiana. It encompasses , and as of the end of 2005, had 8,269 interments.  It is included in the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Marion Branch national historic district.

History 
In 1888, Colonel George W. Steele, Indiana’s congressional representative, successfully convinced his colleagues in Washington, D.C., of the need for a Soldier's Home in Grant County. Subsequently, the  Marion Branch of the National Home opened in 1889 to provide shelter and comfort for the region's veterans. Along with the home, a cemetery was established for the interment of the men who died there. The first burial occurred two years after the home opened in May 1890. For most of its history, the cemetery at the Marion Home has quietly and efficiently cared for the needs of the nation's veterans with few significant changes.

In 1920, the home was renamed Marion Sanatorium and in 1930, administration of the home was transferred to the newly created Veterans Administration. Additional land was transferred from the Veterans Health Administration twice in the cemetery's history.  were added in 1974 and six more in 1988. As of 1973, with the passage of the National Cemetery Act, the cemetery became part of the National Cemetery system and its name was changed to Marion National Cemetery. As of 2004, over 8,000 men and women have been buried in Marion National Cemetery, including Medal of Honor recipients Henry Hyde, Nicholas Irwin and Jeremiah Kuder.

Notable monuments 

 The Remember the Maine monument, erected in 1901 to honor of the lives lost aboard USS Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba, the act which is widely believed to have precipitated the Spanish–American War.
 The carillon bell tower was erected in 1990.

Notable interments 
 Henry J. Hyde (1846–1893), Medal of Honor recipient for action in Arizona Territory during the Indian Wars.
 Nicholas Irwin (1833–1896), Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Mobile Bay aboard USS Brooklyn during the American Civil War.
 Jeremiah Kuder (1835–1916), Medal of Honor recipient for action at the Battle of Jonesborough during the Civil War.

See also 
 United States Department of Veterans Affairs

External links 
 National Cemetery Administration
 Marion National Cemetery
 
  
 
 

Cemeteries in Indiana
Historic American Landscapes Survey in Indiana
Landmarks in Indiana
Protected areas of Grant County, Indiana
United States national cemeteries
Yvonne Rüegg

Yvonne Rüegg (born 2 August 1938) is a Swiss former alpine skier. At the 1960 Winter Olympics, she won the gold medal in giant slalom.

She was born in Chur.

References

1938 births
Living people
Alpine skiers at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Swiss female alpine skiers
Olympic gold medalists for Switzerland
Olympic alpine skiers for Switzerland
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Medalists at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Chur
Skiers from Graubünden
20th-century Swiss women
Jakob Hurt

Jakob Hurt ( in Himmaste –  in St Petersburg) was a notable Estonian folklorist, theologian, and linguist. With respect to the last, he is perhaps best known for his dissertation on "pure" -ne stem nouns ("Die estnischen Nomina auf -ne purum", 1886).

Also known as the "king of Estonian folklore", Hurt planned the publication in the 1870s of a six volume series called Monumenta Estoniae Antiquae. Hurt organised around 1400 volunteer collectors via a press campaign, who visited almost every house in Livonia collecting around 124,000 pages of folklore. Due to financial difficulties, however, only two volumes of folk songs were published in 1875–76, entitled Vana kannel (Old Zither). Two more volumes were published in 1938 and 1941. Hurt also published a three volume collection called Setukeste laulud (The Setos' Songs) between 1894 and 1907.

There are monuments to him at Tartu and in Põlva. Tartu, Põlva, Otepää and Himmaste also have a street named after him. He was also featured on the 10 krooni note.

Membership in organisations
Jakob Hurt was an honorary alumnus of the Estonian Students' Society.

Bibliography
 Rudolf Põldmäe, "Noor Jakob Hurt". Eesti Raamat, Tallinn 1988
 "Jakob Hurt 1839-1907". Koostanud Mart Laar, Rein Saukas, Ülo Tedre. Eesti Raamat, Tallinn, 1989
 Mart Laar, "Raamat Jakob Hurdast". Ilmamaa, Tartu 1995

References

External links

1839 births
1907 deaths
People from Põlva Parish
People from Kreis Werro
Estonian Lutheran clergy
Linguists from Estonia
Estonian folklorists
19th-century Estonian people
University of Tartu alumni
University of Helsinki alumni
Marisa Robles

Marisa Robles (born May 4, 1937) is a Spanish harpist and composer.

She was born in Spain, where she studied the harp with Luisa Menarguez, and studied music at the Madrid Conservatory, graduating at the age of sixteen in 1953. She made her concert debut at seventeen, performing with flautist Jean-Pierre Rampal.

The Concerto for Flute and Harp by Mozart which they performed together was to become the piece for which she is best known.  She has recorded and performed it with James Galway and with her husband Christopher Hyde-Smith, among others.  In 1963 she premiered Sones en la Giralda on the BBC, a wedding present written for her by Joaquín Rodrigo. In 1981, she wrote the music for a set of audiobooks of the Chronicles of Narnia, narrated by Sir Michael Hordern. This was released as her Narnia Suite in 1981, with Robles playing harp and her husband the flute.

In 1958 she married, and in 1960 she came to live permanently in the UK. In 1971 she became a professor of harp in the Royal College of Music. She now has three children, St. John Harvey, Grania Hyde-Smith and Alexander Hyde-Smith. 

Robles was artistic director for the first two Cardiff World Harp Festivals in 1991 and 1994.

References

1937 births
Living people
Spanish classical harpists
Academics of the Royal College of Music
Madrid Royal Conservatory alumni
Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire

This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire.

 Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford 1543–1558
 John Price 1558 – aft. 1579
 George Devereux c. 1584
 Richard Price 1590 – 1592, 1594 – 1623
 Sir John Lewis bef. 1621–1623
 Sir John Lewis 1623–1626
 William Compton, 1st Earl of Northampton 1626–1630
 Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery 1630–1646
 Interregnum
 Francis Vaughan, Lord Vaughan 1660–1667
 Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery 1670–1686
 John Vaughan, 3rd Earl of Carbery 1686–1713
 Price Devereux, 9th Viscount Hereford 1714
 John Vaughan, 1st Viscount Lisburne 1714–1721
 John Vaughan, 2nd Viscount Lisburne 1721–1741
 vacant
 Thomas Johnes 1743–1780
 Wilmot Vaughan, 1st Earl of Lisburne 1780–1800
For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire.

References

Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1544-1646
Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1660-1828

Cardiganshire
Tennessee State Route 199

State Route 199 (abbreviated SR 199) is a secondary state road, located in West Tennessee, and starts at US 45 in the town of Finger in northern McNairy County, and travels southeastward to Leapwood within the same county.

Route description

SR 199 begins in Finger at an intersection with US 45/SR 5. It goes east as a rural 2-lane highway as it passes through town before leaving Finger and turning southeast. It continues to wind its way southeast through rural areas before entering Leapwood, where it comes to an end at an intersection with SR 224.

Major intersections

References

McNairy County Highway Map

199
Transportation in McNairy County, Tennessee
146th Georgia General Assembly



Overview 
The first regular session of the 146th General Assembly of the U.S. state of Georgia met from Monday, January 8, 2001, at 10:00 am, to Friday, March 21, at 11:57 pm, at which time both houses adjourned sine die.  298 House bills and 97 Senate bills passed.

The second regular session of the Georgia General Assembly opened at 10:00 am on Monday, January 14, 2002, and adjourned sine die at 3:44pm on Friday, April 11, 2002.

Officers

Senate

Presiding Officer

Majority leadership

Minority leadership

House of Representatives

Presiding Officer

Majority leadership

Minority Leadership

Members of the Georgia State Senate, 2001–2002

Members of the Georgia State House of Representatives, 2001–2002 

Steve Stancil resigned in December 2001 to run for the position of Lt. Governor. A special election was held to fill the vacant seat. On February 12, 2002, Diane Z, Grasse won the special runoff election.

Legislation considered
Created Metropolitan North Georgia Water Planning District in 2001

References

Website of the 146th General Assembly of Georgia
Georgia House of Representatives Legislative Reports 2001-2002

Georgia (U.S. state) legislative sessions
2001 in American politics
2002 in American politics
2001 in Georgia (U.S. state)
2002 in Georgia (U.S. state)
TVAC

TVAC (The Vehicle Application Centre) was a British company based in Leyland, Lancashire that performed chassis conversions and assembled bodies for commercial vehicles, refuse trucks and fire engines.

History
In 1996 TVAC approached Plastisol, based in the Netherlands. At this time Plastisol produced bodies for airport crash fire engines. TVAC wanted Plastisol to produce bodies for smaller fire engines, and TVAC would assemble similar bodies under licence for the United Kingdom market.

The first fire engine bodied by TVAC was a DAF 55 appliance for the Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service, the brigade that covered the area where TVAC's factory was located. This body had a number of technological innovations: the bodies were made with injected resin, and were an integral unit containing the main body and water tank, making the appliance lighter, and also leaving more room for storing equipment. 

Subsequent orders from, by 2006, 27 fire authorities across the United Kingdom included a major contract with the London Fire Brigade to supply frontline fire appliances, building four Unimogs with interchangeable bodies for firefighting or rescue and recovery for the Surrey Fire and Rescue Service, supplying a removeable welfare pod transported by a converted Renault Master for the Derbyshire Fire and Rescue Service, and supplying a series of Iveco Daily-based midi fire engines to the Cheshire Fire and Rescue Service.

TVAC were also responsible for modifying the chassis of light and heavy goods vehicles, as well as assembling refuse trucks. The company also assembled a bulletproof Vaxuhall Movano-based mobile bank for the Bank of Scotland for use on the remote Shetland Islands.

In 2007, TVAC and ambulance builder UV Modular were both acquired by asset and wealth management firm AssetCo, intending to consolidate AssetCo's position as the UK's largest supplier of fire appliances and ambulances. However, TVAC would enter administration in December 2008 and were wound up early the next year; their intellectual property rights and some staff were subsequently acquired by former parent Plastisol. The directors of AssetCo at the time of TVAC's purchase were subsequently charged with 27 allegations of financial misconduct by the Financial Reporting Council in 2018.

TVAC had collapsed having been unable to complete a contract for four combined aerial response pump (CARP) appliances on Mercedes-Benz Econic chassis for the South Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service to specification. A second CARP for Humberside Fire and Rescue Service was cancelled when it was discovered that Humberside's CARP was too heavy for legal use on UK roads when fully loaded with firefighting equipment. Throughout their service, these remained in need of further modifications for mechanical and weight defects, while members of the Fire Brigades Union in South Yorkshire would later refuse to operate their CARP appliances due to safety concerns.

External links
Archived TVAC website

References

Emergency services equipment makers
2009 disestablishments in England
Chasmatosuchus

Chasmatosuchus was an archosauriform reptile from the early Triassic period of European Russia. One of the earliest described archosauriforms, it was over 2 m long and is thought to have behaved like a modern crocodile. Its mouth had two distinct features: the top of its jaw hooked downwards to aid in holding prey, and the upper palate was lined with a row of teeth—a primitive feature lost in later archosaurs.

Chasmatosuchus was formerly assigned to Proterosuchidae, but a 2016 cladistic analysis by Martin Ezcurra couldn't confidently place the species of Chasmatosuchus within Proterosuchidae. Instead their position remains unresolved due to the fragmentary nature of the known material, however Chasmatosuchus is more likely to be intermediate between proterosuchids and erythrosuchids and possibly closely related to Sarmatosuchus otschevi and Cuyosuchus huenei. Ezcurra (2016) could only place C. rossicus and C. magnus within Chasmatosuchus with certainty, while the third valid species "C." vjushkovi potentially does not belong to Chasmatosuchus and may represent a proterosuchid. Gamosaurus and Jaikosuchus are subjective junior synonyms of Chasmatosuchus. Chasmatosuchus parvus, based on an anterior cervical vertebra, was synonymized with Macrocnemus in 1995.

References

Prehistoric archosauriforms
Early Triassic reptiles of Europe
Fossil taxa described in 1940
Prehistoric reptile genera
Geolinguistics

Geolinguistics has been identified by some as being a branch of linguistics and by others as being an offshoot of language geography which is further defined in terms of being a branch of human geography. When seen as a branch of linguistics, geolinguistics may be viewed from more than one linguistic perspective, something with research implications.

One academic tradition with regard to geolinguistics as a branch of linguistics gives open recognition to the role map-making can play in linguistic research by seeing the terms dialect geography, language geography, and linguistic geography as being synonymous with geolinguistics. This identification of geolinguistics with linguistic map-making appears across a range of languages, including Chinese, French, Japanese, Russian and Spanish. In German, in addition to an identification of geolinguistics with the terms Sprachgeographie (language geography) and Dialektgeographie (dialect geography), the term Areallinguistik (areal linguistics) appears as also being synonymous.

A second linguistic tradition is that of The American Society of Geolinguistics which interprets geolinguistics to be "An academic discipline involving the analysis and implications of the geographical location, distribution and structure of language varieties within a temporal framework, either in isolation or in contact and/or conflict with one another, being originally conceived of by Mario Pei as being a branch of linguistics which would be used to do objective-oriented research on real life language issues and where interdisciplinary approaches would be acceptable." Furthermore, the Society's mission statement mentions the gathering and disseminating of "up-to-date knowledge concerning the world`s present-day languages, dialects, and other language varieties in the context of their distribution and use, their relative practical importance, their perceived usefulness and actual availability from economic, political and cultural standpoints, their genetic, historical and geographical affiliations and relationships, and their identification and use in spoken and written form". It also states the Society's interest in "linguistic geography, languages in contact and conflict, language planning and policy, language education and the broader aspects of sociolinguistics".

Two important geolinguistic organizations exist whose naming and/or translation practices imply a certain recognition of the traditional importance that dialectologists have attached to the role of language map-making as a tool for linguistic analysis. They are the Asian Geolinguistic Society of Japan and, in Europe, The International Society for Dialectology and Geolinguistics.

See also
Ecolinguistics
Sprachbund

References

External links
Asian Geolinguistic Society of Japan
The American Society of Geolinguistics 
The International Society for Dialectology and Geolinguistics

Branches of linguistics
Language geography
Dan Beddoe

Dan Theophilus Beddoe (16 March 1863 – 26 December 1937) was a Welsh tenor, particularly known for his performances in oratorio over a career spanning 50 years.

Biography
Beddoe was born in Aberdare in the Cynon Valley of Wales to Gwenllian Theophilus and Thomas Beddoe.  At the age of 19 he won the gold medal and First Prize in the National Eisteddfod of Wales and for a while taught singing in a school in Llwynypia. He then went to the United States for further study in Cleveland with John Underner and Pittsburgh under J. T. Davies.

After hearing him in a concert, Walter Damrosch engaged him as the tenor soloist for the Berlioz Requiem which he was conducting at Carnegie Hall in 1903—Beddoe's official oratorio debut. The following year he toured with Damrosch and the New York Philharmonic singing the title role in concert performances of Parsifal. He subsequently toured widely in the US and Britain, and frequently appeared with the Oratorio Society of New York. His made his debut with the society in 1905 as the tenor soloist in the US premiere of Richard Strauss's Taillefer conducted by Damrosch.

From 1919 to 1935 Beddoe taught at the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music, but continued his performance career as well. In 1933, at the age of 70 he sang as the tenor soloist in Handel's Messiah with the Oratorio Society of New York. The New York Times critic wrote: 
The years have dealt kindly with Mr. Beddoe's voice, as time might wear silver coin bright if thin, and the supreme loveliness of his "Comfort ye" was not dimmed.

Beddoe retired in 1935 after he was injured in a car accident in Cincinnati. He died suddenly in New York City at the age of 74 while he and his wife Mary were visiting their son. He was survived by his wife, their daughter Gladys Vermilya, and their son Don Beddoe, who was appearing in Father Malachy's Miracle at the St. James Theatre at the time of his father's death.

Recordings 
Beddoe recorded 23 songs between 1911 and 1928. These include:
 "Irish love song" (19 May 1911)
 "Yesterday and today" (24 June 1913)
 "A moonlight song" (21 July 1913)
 "A heart like thine" (1922)
 "El bruns" (23 February 1928)

References

1863 births
1937 deaths
Welsh operatic tenors
People from Aberdare
20th-century Welsh male opera singers
Lake Poygan

Lake Poygan, located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin near the village of Winneconne, is an expansive widening of the Wolf River totaling over 14,000 acres (57 km²). Lake Poygan is part of the Winnebago Pool or Wolf Chain, a series of interconnected lakes fed by both the Fox and Wolf rivers. The eastern third of the lake is often referred to as Lake Winneconne. In the Menominee language it is called Pawāhekaneh, "Wild Rice Threshing Lake", referring to the traditional importance of wild rice cultivation to the local economy.

Like the other lakes of the Winnebago Pool, the lake is quite shallow, with an average depth of  and a maximum depth of approximately . Via the Wolf River, boaters can find navigable passage to Lake Butte des Morts and Lake Winnebago downstream (near Oshkosh), and upstream to Partridge Lake and Partridge Crop Lake (near Fremont and New London).

Recreation
A variety of fish species can be found in the lake, including walleye, muskellunge, white bass, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, carp, flathead catfish, channel catfish, northern pike, crappie, yellow perch, bluegill and sturgeon. Many anglers consider Lake Poygan to be one of the most productive fisheries on the entire Winnebago Pool.

References 

Lakes of Waushara County, Wisconsin
Lakes of Winnebago County, Wisconsin
Taufa

In Tongan mythology, Taufa was a sea god worshipped by chief Tungi of East Tongatapu and by the royal family of Tonga because he cured the Tongan king George I (ruled 1845–1893).

He also protects gardens.  In order for a homeowner to gain this protection, they had to braid a coconut leaf into a shark shape.

Taufa is both a sea and a land god.  As a sea god he appears as a shark.

References
R.D. Craig, Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology (Greenwood Press: New York, 1989), 267.
Collocot, E. E.V. "Notes on Tongan Religion." The Journal of the Polynesian Society. N.p., n.d. Web.

Tongan deities
Sea and river gods
Earth gods
Johannes Hanssen

Johannes Hanssen (2 December 1874 in Ullensaker – 25 November 1967 in Oslo) was a Norwegian bandmaster, composer and teacher. He was bandmaster of the Oslo Military Band from 1926 to 1934 and again from 1945 to 1946. Hanssen received  the King's Order of Merit in Gold and King Haakon VII's Jubilee Medal. His most famous composition is his Valdresmarsjen (Valdres March, 1904), a march celebrating the beautiful Valdres region in Norway that lies between Oslo and Bergen. The main theme is the  signature fanfare for the Valdres Battalion, which is based on an ancient melody formerly played on the medieval lur, an uncoiled wooden wind instrument. The melody of the trio section derives from a fiddle tune traditional in Hardanger and a pentatonic folk tune, above a typical Norwegian drone bass line. It was first performed in 1904 by the band of the second regiment of Norway, with the composer playing the baritone horn himself. Numerous settings for brass band exist in addition to various arrangements for concert band and orchestra.

References
Windband program notes: Johannes Hanssen
More information about Valdresmarsjen

Norwegian composers
Norwegian male composers
1874 births
1967 deaths
People from Ullensaker
Norwegian military musicians
Percy Verner Noble

Percy Verner Noble (18 December 1902 – 19 June 1996) was a Canadian politician who served as a Progressive Conservative Member of Parliament.

Noble was born in Shallow Lake, Ontario, the first of 11 children in his family. He initially trained for his father's career as a blacksmith. After subsequent work in the farming, railway and coal industries, he would eventually settle in the mink farming business. He also raised eight children with his wife, Kathleen.

He was first elected in 1957 in the Grey North riding for the 23rd Canadian Parliament. He was re-elected in consecutive elections until the 28th Canadian Parliament which ended in 1972. The riding was realigned as Grey—Simcoe for his final term in Parliament. Following Noble's retirement from federal politics, his successor in Parliament was Gus Mitges, also of the Progressive Conservative party.

References
 (obituary)

External links
 

1902 births
1996 deaths
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada MPs
Percy Noble

Percy Noble may refer to:
 Sir Allan Herbert Percy (1908 1982) Knight, Commander RN, MP
 Sir Percy Noble (Royal Navy officer) (1880–1955), Royal Navy officer
 Percy Verner Noble (1902–1996), Canadian Member of Parliament
Custos Rotulorum of Carmarthenshire

This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Carmarthenshire.

 Richard Devereux 1543 – bef. 1558
 Sir Thomas Jones bef. 1558 – bef. 1559
 Sir Henry Jones bef. 1562–1586
 Sir Thomas Jones 1586 – bef. 1594
 Edward Dunlee bef. 1594–1595
 Sir Thomas Jones 1595–1604
 Sir Henry Jones 1605 – bef. 1637
 Sir Henry Jones, 1st Baronet 1637–1644
 Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery 1644–1646
 Interregnum
 Sir John Lloyd, 1st Baronet Mar–July 1660
 Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery 1660–1686
 John Vaughan, 3rd Earl of Carbery 1686–1713
 Charles Paulet, 3rd Duke of Bolton 1714–1735
 Sir Nicholas Williams, 1st Baronet 1735–1745
 Thomas Williams of Edwinsford (brother of Nicolas Williams, 1st Baronet) 1746–1762
 George Rice 1762–1779
For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire.

References

Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1544-1646
Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1660-1828

Carmarthenshire
Lan (unit of measurement)

Lan (Polish: łan ; German: Lahn; Latin: laneus) is an old unit of field measurement used in Poland. Since the 13th century, its value has varied from one location to another. A greater łan (also Franconian, King's, Old Polish) consisted of 43.2 morgs = 23 to 28 hectares. A lesser łan (Chełmno łan) was 30 morg ≈ 17,955 hectare.

The term eventually  derives from German Lehen, "fee" (feudal land tenure). The term łan was also used to indicate an average size of a peasant's tenured farm. Łan was further subdivided into zagony ("belts") and further into skiby ("slices").

In medieval times the size of a łan was anywhere between 3 and 50 hectares, but from the 13th century to 1857 in Great Lesser Poland (with Podkarpacie), the Franconian Łan was consistently used.

References

Units of area
Agriculture in Poland
Science and technology in Poland
Spanish bowline

The Spanish bowline is a double loop knot that can be used to lift a person. For a conscious person, each loop is placed around a leg and the person holds onto the standing part of the rope. This knot can serve as a makeshift Bosun's chair. For an unconscious person one loop is placed around the arm pits and the second loop is placed around the knees. 

This knot has an elegant symmetry and can be tied quickly when mastered. Unlike the Portuguese bowline, each loop is separately fixed, which is a nice feature.  It is a complicated knot however and if not properly tightened, it can slip. A fireman's chair knot is another double loop knot which is more practical, easier to tie and less prone to slipping although it lacks the elegance of a Spanish bowline.

See also
List of knots

References

Double knots
Stalybridge (UK Parliament constituency)

Stalybridge  officially sometimes written in early years as Staleybridge was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1868 until 1918 by one MP. It comprised the borough of Stalybridge which lay in Lancashire and Cheshire and which is in the east of today's Greater Manchester.  On abolition for the 1918 general election under the Representation of the People Act 1918 the seat's main replacement became Stalybridge and Hyde.

Creation, boundaries and abolition

Parliament created this seat under the Reform Act 1867, the part of the second Reform Act that covered England and Wales, which defined its components as the:
Municipal Borough of Stalybridge
The remaining portion of the township of Dukinfield
Township of Stalley
The District of the Local Board of Health of Mossley

It was marginally expanded in line with a local government change under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, to be:

The seat was abolished by the Representation of the People Act 1918, with the majority of its electorate being included in the new constituency of Stalybridge and Hyde. A small area which was now part of the municipal borough of Mossley in Lancashire was added to the new constituency of Mossley.

Members of Parliament 
1868 Constituency created
Previously part of North Cheshire and South Lancashire

Elections

Elections in the 1860s

Elections in the 1870s
Sidebottom's death caused a by-election.

Elections in the 1880s

Elections in the 1890s

Elections in the 1900s

Elections in the 1910s

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected; 
Unionist: John Wood
Liberal: Walter Kenyon

See also
 History of parliamentary constituencies and boundaries in Cheshire

References

Sources
 

Parliamentary constituencies in North West England (historic)
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1868
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1918
Stalybridge
Greek national assemblies

The Greek national assemblies () are representative bodies of the Greek people. During and in the direct aftermath of the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), the name was used for the insurgents' proto-parliamentary assemblies. Thereafter, the term has been used for a number of extraordinary assemblies chiefly in regard to changes in the Constitution and the form of government of Greece.

Assemblies of the War of Independence 
Their purpose was the drafting of the first constitutions by which the nascent Greek state was to be governed, and elect the parliamentary and executive bodies to lead the struggle for liberation.

 First National Assembly of Epidaurus (December 1821 – January 1822), proclaimed Independence, adopted the first provisional constitution
 Second National Assembly at Astros (29 March – 18 April 1823), revised the Epiraurus constitution
  (6–16 April 1826), dissolved and reconvened at Ermioni and Aegina
 Third National Assembly at Aegina/ (January–March 1826), both claimed legitimacy, united at the
 Third National Assembly at Troezen (19 March – 5 May 1827), which adopted a new constitution and elected Ioannis Kapodistrias as Governor of Greece for seven years
 Fourth National Assembly at Argos (11 July – 6 August 1829), adopted a series of administrative reforms at the suggestion of Kapodistrias
 Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion (5 December 1831 – March 1832), agreed to the election of the Bavarian prince Otto as King of Greece, adopted a new (and in the event never to be implemented)

Assemblies in independent Greece 
These were convened decide on issues regarding the form of government and promulgate new constitutions.

  (3 November 1843 – 18 March 1844), convened after the 3 September 1843 Revolution, drafted a new constitution making Greece a constitutional monarchy
  (10 December 1862 – October 1864), convened in the aftermath of the ousting of King Otto, it presided over the election of Danish prince George Christian William as King of the Hellenes and the adoption of a new constitution
 , convened in 1920, lasting until 1922 when it was dissolved in the aftermath of the Asia Minor Disaster
 , convened in 1923, abolished the monarchy and declared the Second Hellenic Republic
 Fifth National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens, convened in October 1935, restored the monarchy and the 1911 constitution
Tex Clevenger

Truman Eugene "Tex" Clevenger (July 9, 1932 – August 24, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball relief pitcher and spot starter who played for the Boston Red Sox, Washington Senators, Los Angeles Angels and New York Yankees from 1954 to 1962. He was  tall and , and threw and batted right-handed. He attended Fresno State University.

Career
Clevenger began his pro career in the Red Sox organization in 1953. In the minors that year, he went 16–2 for the Class C San Jose Red Sox, which was good enough to earn him the 1953 California League MVP Award.

On April 18, 1954, at the age of 21, Clevenger made his MLB debut with the Boston Red Sox. His first season was no more than mediocre, as he went 2–4 with a 4.79 earned run average. Overall in his career, he compiled a 36–37 record with a 4.18 ERA, 298 walks and 361 strikeouts. Oddly enough, perhaps his best season was his last—in 21 games with the American League champion Yankees in 1962, he had an ERA of 2.84 and a record of 2–0. As a hitter, he hit .157, with the highlight of his hitting career being a triple in 1958. He had a .961 career fielding percentage. He did not appear for the Yankees in either the 1961 or 1962 World Series.

After baseball
After leaving baseball, Clevenger worked as an insurance underwriter and owner of a car dealership. In 1987, he was inducted into the Fresno County Athletic Hall of Fame. He was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2008, and died August 24, 2019.

Transactions
On November 8, 1955, Clevenger was sent with Al Curtis (a minor leaguer), Dick Brodowski, Neil Chrisley, and Karl Olson from the Red Sox to the Washington Senators for Bob Porterfield, Mickey Vernon, Johnny Schmitz and Tom Umphlett.
On December 14, 1960, the Los Angeles Angels drafted Clevenger in the expansion draft.
On May 8, 1961, Clevenger was traded with Bob Cerv by the Angels to the New York Yankees for Ryne Duren, Lee Thomas and Johnny James.

References

External links

Tex Clevenger at Baseball Almanac

1932 births
2019 deaths
Baseball players from Visalia, California
Boston Red Sox players
Fresno State Bulldogs baseball players
Los Angeles Angels players
Louisville Colonels (minor league) players
Major League Baseball pitchers
New York Yankees players
Richmond Virginians (minor league) players
San Jose Red Sox players
Washington Senators (1901–1960) players
Tākitimu

Tākitimu was a waka (canoe) with whakapapa throughout the Pacific particularly with Samoa, the Cook Islands, and New Zealand in ancient times. In several Māori traditions, the Tākitimu was one of the great Māori migration ships that brought Polynesian migrants to New Zealand from Hawaiki. The canoe was said to be captained by Tamatea.

Cook Islands Māori traditions 
The Tākitumu (sic) was an important waka in the Cook Islands with one of the districts on the main island of Rarotonga consequently named after it. Sir Tom Davis, Pa Tuterangi Ariki, KFE, wrote in the form of a novel, an account of 300 years of voyaging of the Tākitumu (sic) by his own forebears as told in their traditions.

New Zealand Māori traditions
The Tākitimu appears in many traditions around New Zealand. Most accounts agree that the Tākitimu was a sacred canoe. Many also give the name of the captain as "Tamatea", although in different forms. (He is not to be confused with Tama-te-kapua, who sailed the Arawa to New Zealand.)

Traditions of the East Coast

East Cape
The Takitimu waka landed at Whangaōkena (East Cape), Ūawa (Tolaga Bay), Tūranganui (Gisborne), Nukutaurua (on Māhia Peninsula) and other points further south along the East Coast.

Te Māhia accounts
Accounts from the northern East Coast indicate that the Tākitimu left Hawaiki after two brothers, Ruawharo and Tūpai, took the canoe from their enemies and escaped to New Zealand. The vessel landed on the Māhia Peninsula (Te Māhia) and the crew dispersed: Ruawharo stayed at Te Māhia, a man named Puhiariki went to Muriwhenua in present-day Northland, while others moved to Tauranga.

Ngāti Kahungunu accounts
According to Ngāti Kahungunu, the Tākitimu was captained by Tamatea Arikinui, who landed and settled in the Tauranga area. Some of his descendants gave rise to Ngāti Kahungunu. Others journeyed along the east coast, including two tohunga (priests): Ruawharo, who settled at Te Māhia; and Tūpai, who settled in the Wairarapa. Command of the vessel was given to Tahu Pōtiki, who travelled up the Wairoa River, and later to the South Island, where he became the founding ancestor of Ngāi Tahu.

Traditions of the Bay of Plenty
The tribes of the Tauranga region refer to the canoe as Takitimu. Some traditions say that the Takitimu was captained by Tamatea, father of Ranginui, and Kahungunu the founding ancestor of Ngāti Ranginui. Ngāti Kahungunu recognise this "Tamatea" as the grandson of Tamatea Arikinui, and refer to him as "Tamatea-pokaiwhenua-pokaimoana". However, accounts in Northland and Tauranga do not indicate the existence of more than one "Tamatea" from the Takitimu.

Traditions of the South Island
South Island traditions indicate that Tamatea explored the western and southern coastlines of the South Island. The Tākitimu is said to have been turned to stone at Murihiku. From there, Tamatea is said to have built another canoe, the Kāraerae, to return to the North Island.

See also
List of Māori waka

References

 
Māori waka
Māori mythology
Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing

The Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing was a suicide bombing carried out on 5 March 2003 on an Egged bus in Haifa, Israel. Seventeen passengers were killed in the attack and 53 were injured. Many of the victims were students from Haifa University.

The Palestinian Islamist militant organization Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack. The suicide bomber was 20-year-old  Mahmoud Umdan Salim Qawasmeh, a student at the Palestine Polytechnic University. An Israeli Arab resident of Haifa who helped plan the attack was also tried and sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement.

The attack
The attack occurred on 5 March 2003,  when a suicide bomber from Hebron detonated a bomb hidden underneath his clothes on a bus carrying many children and teenagers on their way home from school. The bus exploded as it was pulling out of station on Moriyah Street, a main traffic artery near the Carmeliya neighborhood, heading from the Bat Galim neighborhood to the University of Haifa. The explosion occurred while the bus was packed with commuters. The attack killed 17 people and wounded 53. Police said the bomb, strapped to the bomber's body, was laden with metal shrapnel in order to maximize the number of injuries.

Aftermath 
Spokesmen from Hamas and Islamic Jihad praised the attack. "We will not stop our resistance," said Abd al-Aziz Rantisi of Hamas. "We are not going to give up in the face of the daily killing of Palestinians." In response, Israeli helicopters killed Hamas leader Ibrahim al-Makadmeh and three of his bodyguards.

On 18 October 2011, Israel released three people convicted of planning the attack, Maedh Waal Taleb Abu Sharakh (19 life sentences), Majdi Muhammad Ahmed Amr (19 life sentences) and Fadi Muhammad Ibrahim al-Jaaba (18 life sentences), as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange.

See also
List of Hamas suicide attacks

References

External links 
Bus bomb Rocks Haifa - published on The Daily Telegraph on 5 March 2003
Deadly bus blast rocks Haifa - published on BBC News on 6 March 2003
Explosion rips through bus, killing at least 15 in Israel ; American among victims; lull in suicide attacks ends  - published on the Boston Globe on 6 March 2003
Memorial site of Liz Katzman 	
Memorial site of Tal Khermann

Mass murder in 2003
Suicide bombings in 2003
Islamic terrorist incidents in 2003
Israeli casualties in the Second Intifada
Terrorist incidents in Israel in 2003
Terrorist incidents in Haifa
March 2003 events in Asia
Hamas suicide bombings of buses
Kaykhusraw I

Kaykhusraw I ( or Ghiyāth ad-Dīn Kaykhusraw ibn Kilij Arslān; ), the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II, was Seljuk Sultan of Rûm. He succeeded his father in 1192, but had to fight his brothers for control of the Sultanate, losing to his brother Suleiman II in 1196. He ruled it 1192–1196 and 1205–1211.

Name 
The name "Kaykhusraw" is based on the name of the legendary Shahnameh hero Kay Khosrow.

Background 
Kaykhusraw's date of birth is unknown. He was the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II (). His mother was of Byzantine ancestry. Kaykhusraw received a good education during his upbringing, learning other languages besides his native Turkish, which was Persian, Arabic, and Greek.

Marriage
Kaykhusraw married a daughter of Manuel Maurozomes. Manuel Maurozomes would hold the castles of Chonae and Laodicea as a vassal of Kaykhusraw.

Reign
In 1192/93, Kaykhusraw returned the Byzantine nobleman, Theodore Mangaphas, to Emperor Isaac II after receiving assurances of Mangaphas treatment. With his brother, Rukn ad-Din Suleiman Shah, quickly advancing towards Konya, Kaykhusraw fled to Constantinople in 1196. He lived in Constantinople from 1197–1203, possibly even being baptised. A mathnawi written by Kaykhusraw himself compares his destiny during that period to that of the legendary Iranian hero Jam (Jamshid), who had to go into exile after losing his divine fortune (farr).

After Suleiman's death and Kilij Arslan's ascension to the sultanate, Kaykhusraw forced his way into Konya, removed Kilij from power and was enthroned for a second time.

Kaykhusraw seized Antalya in 1207 from its Niceaen garrison which furnished the Seljuk sultanate with a port on the Mediterranean. It was during this year, Kaykhusraw founded a mosque in Antalya.

Kaykhusraw was killed at the Battle of Antioch on the Meander in 1211. His son Kayqubad I, by Manuel Maurozomes' daughter, ruled the Sultanate from 1220 to 1237, and his grandson, Kaykhusraw II, ruled from 1237 to 1246. Kaykhusraw's body was taken to Konya, where it was buried in the ancestral tomb of his family.

Identity
According to Rustam Shukurov, Kaykhusraw I "had dual Christian and Muslim identity, an identity which was further complicated by dual Turkic/Persian and Greek ethnic identity".

Culture
Kaykhusraw wrote poetry in Persian. Muhammad ibn Ali Rawandi (died after 1207) dedicated his historical chronicle of the Seljuk Empire, Rahat al-sudur wa-ayat al-surur, to Kaykhusraw.

References

Sources

 

 

1211 deaths
Sultans of Rum
Monarchs killed in action
Byzantine–Seljuk wars
Year of birth unknown
13th-century rulers
12th-century rulers
Persian-language poets
People of Byzantine descent
Gaius Julius Caesar (governor of Asia)

Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; c. 140 BC – 85 BC) was a Roman senator, a supporter of his brother-in-law, Gaius Marius, and the father of Roman dictator Julius Caesar.

Biography
Caesar was married to Aurelia, a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families.  They had two daughters, known as Julia Major and Julia Minor, and Julius Caesar the dictator was born to them in 100 BC. He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar (consul in 91 BC).

Caesar's progress through the cursus honorum is well known, although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial. According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death, Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina, military tribune, quaestor, praetor, and propraetor of Asia. The dates of these offices are unclear. The colony is probably one of Marius' of 103 BC. Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC, with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC. Sumner dated his term as propraetor of Asia from sometime in 92 to at least January or February 90 BC. Brennan, on the other hand, has dated the governorship to the beginning of the decade.

Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC, in Rome, while putting on his shoes one morning. Another Caesar, possibly his father, had died similarly in Pisa. His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome, Marcus Antonius Gnipho. In his will, he left Caesar the bulk of his estate, but after Marius's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC, this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla.

Family

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Footnotes

References

External links 
 

2nd-century BC births
85 BC deaths
2nd-century BC Romans
1st-century BC Romans
Ancient Roman generals
Ancient Roman politicians
Family of Julius Caesar
Gaius
Roman governors of Asia
Roman Republican praetors
She Like Electric

She Like Electric is the debut album recorded by Seattle sister duo, Smoosh.  They were twelve and ten years old at the time they recorded it. The Japanese release of this album features a fifteenth track called "Inner to the Outer".

Track listing

References

External links
Review of She Like Electric

2004 debut albums
Smoosh albums
Albums produced by Johnny Sangster
Villa Rica High School

Villa Rica High School is a public high school, part of the Carroll County School System, located in Villa Rica, Georgia. The school's mascot is the Wildcat.

Controversies

Football team mass baptism
In 2015, the school came under scrutiny for allowing a local pastor to perform mass baptisms on the school football team during an official on-campus practice. The Freedom From Religion Foundation threatened legal action against the school district if steps were not taken to prevent a recurrence. An investigation by the school district concluded that the school "failed to follow district facility usage procedures for outside groups using school facilities". A miscommunication was later claimed between the head football coach and pastor regarding ability to perform such actions on a public school campus.

Basketball game fight
On January 25, 2022, a fight broke out at a basketball game against Lithia Springs High School that took place at the Villa Rica school gym. The fight, which started in the stands, spilled onto the court and caused the game to be suspended. After an investigation, authorities charged seven teenagers with affray and disruption of a public school.

Notable alumni

 Brandon Tolbert, former NFL player
 Herman Weaver, former NFL player
 Jae Crowder, NBA player

References

External links
 

Public high schools in Georgia (U.S. state)
Villa Rica, Georgia
Schools in Carroll County, Georgia
The Go-Go's (British band)

The Go-Go's were a British group from Newcastle. The group is known for their 1964 novelty Christmas single, "I'm Gonna Spend My Christmas with a Dalek".

The single tried to turn the sinister Daleks into another version of the Alvin and the Chipmunks, with singer Sue Smith putting on a lisping childlike voice. Songwriter and record producer Les Vandyke (working under the pseudonym of Johnny Worth) was largely responsible for the track. Other musicians were Mike Johnson, Alan Cairns, Abe Harris, Bill Davison and Les McLeian.

The song was originally released as one of the many products fuelling Dalekmania but as the craze fizzled out the song was largely forgotten, with snippets occasionally appearing in Doctor Who anthological products. It resurfaced in its entirety on the October 2000 album, Who Is Dr Who.

References

RCA Victor artists
Musical groups from Newcastle upon Tyne
Daleks
Music based on Doctor Who