alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
List of Korean boxers

This is a partial list of Korean boxers.

Yuh Myung-woo, 2-time WBA light flyweight boxing champion with a record of 38 wins and only 1 loss
Kim Ji-won (boxer), unbeaten world champion. He is one of just fifteen world boxing champions to retire without a loss
Baik Hyun-man, Heavyweight boxer who won the silver medal in Olympics in 1988 
Chang Jung-koo, former light flyweight boxing champion
Chi In-jin, WBC featherweight champion 2004
Park Chong-pal, South Korean former professional boxer who held the IBF, WBA and lineal titles at super-middleweight.
Baek In-chul, Super middleweight division who held the World Boxing Association and Lineal super middleweight championship.
Masamori Tokuyama (Hong Chang-soo), former WBC and lineal super flyweight champion
Kim Duk-koo, South Korean boxer who died after his last fight
Kim Song-guk, 2004 Summer Olympics and won the silver medal
Kim Un-chol, 2000 Summer Olympics and won the bronze medal
Kim Ki-soo, the first South Korean world champion
Hong Soo-hwan, captured the Lineal and WBA bantamweight title
Yum Dong-kyun, former Lineal and WBC junior featherweight champion.
Yuh Hwan-kil, inaugural IBF Super Featherweight champion
Kim Won-il (boxer), win the gold medal in the men's bantamweight division at the Asian Games 2002. Defeating Abdusalom Khasanov and Bekzod Khidirov in the final.

External links
History of early Korean boxing

Boxers
 
Korean
1970 in organized crime



Events
Sicilian Mafia Commission (Cupola) is reinstated. The Cupola disbanded in 1963 after the Ciaculli Massacre. The new Cupola is headed by a triumvirate consisting of Cinisi Mafia boss Gaetano Badalamenti, Stefano Bontade of the Santa Maria di Gesu Family and Luciano Leggio of the Corleonesi, often substituted by Totò Riina.
January 28 - New Jersey mobster Angelo "The Gyp" DeCarlo is convicted of loansharking and extortion, and imprisoned.
March 26 - John "Sonny" Franzese, Colombo Crime Family Capo and father of Michael Franzese, is imprisoned until 1979. He had previously been involved in receiving kickback payments from the recording industry.
June 11 – Former Bonanno Family Capo Gaspar DiGregorio dies of natural causes.
August 27 - Sicilian mafioso, Tommaso Buscetta, is arrested in New York on a pending double murder conviction in Italy but because of no request for extradition he is released.
September 16 – Italian journalist Mauro De Mauro disappears while preparing the film "Il Caso Mattei" about the mysterious death of Enrico Mattei, the president of Italy’s national oil company Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi (ENI), in 1962. Director Francesco Rosi had asked De Mauro to investigate Mattei's last days in Sicily. De Mauro soon obtained an audio tape of Mattei's last speech and spent days studying it. De Mauro disappeared 8 days after his retrieval of the tape without leaving a trace. His body was never found.

Arts and literature

Births

Deaths
June 11 - Gaspar DiGregorio, former Bonanno Family Capo

Notes

Organized crime
Years in organized crime
Gabriel Chagas

Gabriel Pinheiro Chagas Filho (born 7 December 1944 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a Brazilian bridge player. He was the winner of World Team Olympiad in Monte Carlo 1976, Bermuda Bowl in Perth 1989, World Open Pairs Championship in Geneva 1990, as well as Transnational Teams in Paris 2001. He is one of 10 players who achieved the Triple Crown of Bridge.

Tournament record

Wins
 Bermuda Bowl (1) 1989
 World Open Team Olympiad (1) 1976
 World Open Pairs (1) 1990
 World Transnational Open Teams (1) 2001
 North American Bridge Championships (2)
 Reisinger (1) 1992
 Master Mixed Teams (1) 1992
 South American Championships (32)
 Open Teams (28) 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008
 Open Pairs (4) 1984, 1990, 1994, 2006
  Brazilian Championships (16)
 Open Teams (14) 1967, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1992, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2008
 Open Pairs (2) 1968, 1978
  Other notable wins:
 IOC Grand Prix (1) 1998
 Cap Gemini Pandata World Top Invitational Pairs (1) 1993
 Cap Gemini World Top Invitational Pairs (1) 1997
 Sunday Times Invitational Pairs (1) 1979
 Sunday Times–Macallan Invitational Pairs (1) 1992

Runner-up
 Bermuda Bowl (1) 2000
 Rosenblum Cup (2) 1978, 1998
 South American Championships (6)
 Open Teams (6) 1966, 1976, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2005
  Brazilian Championships (8)
 Open Teams (5) 1990, 1996, 2002, 2005, 2006
 Open Pairs (3) 1992, 1996, 2002
  Other notable 2nd places:
 IOC Grand Prix (1) 1999
 Cavendish Invitational Teams (1) 1996
 Traditionalists vs. Scientists (1) 1990
 Naturalists vs. Scientists (1) 1992
 Staten Bank World Top Invitational Pairs (2) 1989, 1990
 Sunday Times Invitational Pairs (1) 1978
 Pan American Open Pairs (1) 1992

Suspension
On 20 April 2021, the Federação Brasileira de Bridge (FBB) - the Brazilian Bridge Federation - sanctioned Chagas for cheating while playing bridge online. While few details were presented in the notice of suspension, it was noted that three incidents had been investigated and while Chagas deemed the conclusion unfair, he accepted the inevitable outcome of being found guilty and accepted the FBB's proposed sanctions.

Effective 15 April 2021, Chagas is
 suspended from participating in tournaments promoted by the Brazilian Bridge Federation and its associated clubs for a period of one year,
 is prevented from representing Brazil, nationally or internationally, for a period of one year and
 his titles and ranking points in online tournaments held from March 2020 onwards are revoked.

External links

References

Brazilian contract bridge players
Bermuda Bowl players
1944 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Thirupathi (2006 Tamil film)

Thirupathi is a 2006 Indian Tamil-language masala film written and directed by Perarasu and produced by AVM Productions. The film stars Ajith Kumar, Deepu and Sadha in the lead roles, while Arun Pandian, Riyaz Khan, Sampath Raj in supporting roles.

Thirupathi was released on 14 April 2006, where it received mixed reviews from critics and became a commercial success at the box office.

Premise 
Thirupathi's pregnant sister dies due to negligence by a corrupt doctor, who turns out to be Thirupathi's best friend Soori's brother. Soori decides to protect his brother from Thirupathi, who sets out to nab Soori's brother in order to avenge his sister's death.

Cast 

 Ajith Kumar as Thirupathi
 Sadha as Priya
 Arun Pandian as ACP Murali
 Riyaz Khan as Soori
 Sampath Raj as Soori's brother
 Pyramid Natarajan as Minister
 Livingston as Chanakkiyan
 R. Sundarrajan as Thirupathi's father
 Rajalakshmi as Thirupathi's mother
 Harish Raghavendra as Thirupathi's brother
 Deepu as Thirupathi's sister
 Sathyan as Thirupathi's friend
 Ganja Karuppu as Muthu
 M. S. Baskar as P. A. Brahma
 Anu Mohan as Temple Priest
 Aarthi as Priya's friend
 Vidharth as Henchman
 Manobala
 Rajesh
 Bala Singh
 Suvarna Mathew
 Thalapathy Dinesh
 Benjamin as Thirupathi's friend
 Perarasu in a cameo appearance
 Laila as a dancer in Song ("Keerai Vedhaippom")

Production 

During the making of Sivakasi, AVM Productions approached Perarasu to make a film with Ajith Kumar in the lead role. The director immediately accepted the offer and told the film's story to the producer during the meeting. The film was announced publicly two days later. In August 2005, it became clear that the film would begin in November and that Riyaz Khan would play the lead antagonist role in the project. Sadha was signed on to play the lead female role. The film was launched officially on 15 September 2005 with Vijay attending the opening ceremony.

For the film, Ajith lost 18kgs in 55 days by being on a liquid diet and lost the weight he had sported on screen in his previous films. The art director erected the set of a village in Prasad Studios in December 2005 including a shopping place, a big temple and an 80 ft statue of Lord Shiva. In early 2006, Asin was approached to appear in an song, but she refused and Laila eventually took the role.

Soundtrack

Release 
The satellite rights of the film were sold to Kalaignar TV.

Reception 
Thirupathi received mixed reviews from critics who drew comparisons from Thirupaachi and Sivakasi.

References

External links 
 

2000s Tamil-language films
2006 films
Films directed by Perarasu
Films set in Chennai
Indian action films
2000s masala films
Medical-themed films
Films scored by Bharadwaj (composer)
Dover School District

Dover School District may refer to:

Dover School District (New Hampshire) in Dover, New Hampshire
Dover School District (New Jersey) in Dover, New Jersey 
Dover Area School District in Dover Township, Pennsylvania

See also
Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, a 2005 court case
Kolkata metropolitan region

Kolkata Metropolitan Area (abbreviated KMA; formerly Calcutta Metropolitan Area), also known as Greater Kolkata, is the urban agglomeration of the city of Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the third most populous metropolitan area in India after Delhi and Mumbai. The area is administered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). The area covers four municipal corporations along with 37 municipalities. Kolkata metropolitan district was legally defined in the schedule of the Calcutta Metropolitan Planning Area (Use and Development of Land) Control Act, 1965 (West Bengal Act XIV of 1965), and, after repeal of that Act, redefined as Kolkata metropolitan area in the first schedule of West Bengal Town and Country (Planning and Development) Act, 1979 (West Bengal Act XIII of 1979).

Jurisdiction

Demographics
According to the 2011 census data, the total population of the Kolkata metropolitan area was 14,112,536. KMDA report states the total area is 1,886.67 km2, making the population density 7,480 per km2.

See also

 Mumbai metropolitan area
 Chennai metropolitan area
 Delhi metropolitan area
 List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population

References

Geography of Kolkata
Kolkata
Hyderabad Airport (Sindh)

The Hyderabad Airport  is a domestic airport in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. It is very close to the Pakistan Army's Sindh Regimental Centre and the HDA Kohsar Housing Society. The airport has been closed to commercial traffic as of 2013.

History 
Hyderabad Airport was closed to commercial traffic in 1998. It reopened on 19 August 2008 with Pakistan International Airlines announcing flights twice weekly to Islamabad and Lahore via Nawabshah.

However, the airport was closed again to commercial traffic in 2013 due to financial losses and other reasons

Events 
On 25 May 1998, PIA Flight 544 was a flight that was hijacked in Turbat. The final stand off between the hijackers and armed forces took place at Hyderabad Airport, resulting in the eventual capture of two of the three hijackers. The third was killed.

See also 
 List of airports in Pakistan
 Airlines of Pakistan
 Transport in Pakistan
 Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority

References

External links 

Airports in Sindh
Hyderabad District, Pakistan
Buildings and structures in Hyderabad, Sindh
Go! Sudoku

Go! Sudoku is a sudoku puzzle game for the PlayStation Portable, released in Europe on December 2, 2005, in Australia on December 8, 2005, and in North America on March 21, 2006. It was later released in Japan on April 27, 2006 under the name of , as Nikoli holds the trademark for Sudoku.

Features
The base game features 1000 Sudoku puzzles grouped by difficulty, as well as various modes, customizable grids and multiplayer. 200 more puzzles are available for download from the Go! Sudoku official website, and players can add their own custom backgrounds to the games.

Bugs
Many players as well as professional reviewers have reported a major glitch in the PSP title, in which a mysterious message dialog pops up at semi-regular intervals throughout the game. The dialog box covers the entire playing board and interrupts the gameplay by preventing players from seeing the board or making changes to it. The dialog box is titled "Attention!" and only contains the words "Please wait..." There is no way to close the dialog box, though it will vanish on its own usually after about 15 seconds.

The problem is exacerbated due to Go! Sudoku being a single-player game that is played against the clock. Since the object of the game is to complete each puzzle in as little time as possible, with points being awarded based on how quickly the player finishes, the frequent appearance of the message dialog hinders any attempts at beating one's previous high scores, largely negating the competitive element of the single-player gameplay. The bug is even more obtrusive during multiplayer competitive play as it conveys a significant advantage to the player who does not encounter the bug. Additionally, the frequency of the dialog box popping up appears to increase with time, forcing users to eventually exit out of the game completely and restart.

The nature and severity of the bug is considered game-breaking by many. And, though many users have notified Ubisoft about the bug, no official acknowledgment of the problem has been made, nor have any solutions been offered by the publisher as of January 2010. However, there are reports that keeping the PSP fully charged and playing the game with the charger plugged in minimizes the bug's occurrence.

PlayStation 3 edition
Go! Sudoku was also released in 2006-2007 on the PlayStation Network (for the PlayStation 3) as an initial Starter Pack with 12 puzzles, with a level pack of more than 1200 puzzles.

Reception

The game received "mixed" reviews on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.

References

External links
Official website (North America)
Official "Kazuo" website (Japanese)

2005 video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation Portable games
PlayStation Network games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games
Sudoku video games
Sumo Digital games
Ubisoft games
Video games scored by Alastair Lindsay
Video games scored by Allister Brimble
Video games scored by Kenneth Young
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Marcelo Branco

Marcelo Castello Branco (born 1945) is a Brazilian bridge player from Rio de Janeiro. Among other successes, he was the winner of World Team Olympiad in Monte Carlo 1976, Bermuda Bowl in Perth 1989, and World Open pairs Championship in New Orleans 1978 and Geneva 1990. He is one of 10 players to achieve the Triple Crown of Bridge and the only player to have won the World Pairs twice – in Geneva with his most frequent partner Gabriel Chagas and in New Orleans with Gabino Cintra.

References

External links

Brazilian contract bridge players
Bermuda Bowl players
1945 births
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Sportspeople from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Custos Rotulorum of Surrey

This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Surrey.

 Sir Thomas Pope bef. 1544–1559
 William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham bef. 1562–1573
 Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln 1573–1585
 Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham 1585–1618
 Sir Edward Howard 1618–1620
 Sir Francis Howard 1620 – aft. 1621
 Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel 1624–1636
 Henry Howard, Baron Maltravers 1636–1646
 Interregnum
 John Mordaunt, 1st Viscount Mordaunt 1660–1675
 George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley 1675–1689
 Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk 1689
 George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley 1689–1698
 Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley 1699–1710
 James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley 1710–1736
 Thomas Onslow, 2nd Baron Onslow 1737–1740
For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Surrey.

References
Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1544-1646
Institute of Historical Research - Custodes Rotulorum 1660-1828

Surrey
Cesare Sala

Carrozzeria Italiana Cesare Sala was a Milan-based coachbuilder. They provided carriages for the Vienna court and bodies for Isotta Fraschini automobiles.

Coachbuilders of Italy
Manufacturing companies based in Milan
Harry Lyon

Harry Lyon may refer to:

 Harry Lyon (musician), New Zealand musician
 Harry Lyon (aviator), United States pioneer aviator
 Harry Lyon (footballer) (died 1984), English football player

See also
Harry Lyons (disambiguation)
Henry Lyon (disambiguation)
Compactness measure

Compactness measure is a numerical quantity representing the degree to which a shape is compact. The circle and the sphere are the most compact planar and solid shapes, respectively.

Properties
Various compactness measures are used.  However, these measures have the following in common:

They are applicable to all geometric shapes.
They are independent of scale and orientation.
They are dimensionless numbers.
They are not overly dependent on one or two extreme points in the shape.
They agree with intuitive notions of what makes a shape compact.

Examples
A common compactness measure is the isoperimetric quotient, the ratio of the area of the shape to the area of a circle (the most compact shape) having the same perimeter.  In the plane, this is equivalent to the Polsby–Popper test.  Alternatively, the shape's area could be compared to that of its bounding circle, its convex hull, or its minimum bounding box.

Similarly, a comparison can be made between the perimeter of the shape and that of its convex hull, its bounding circle, or a circle having the same area.

Other tests involve determining how much area overlaps with a circle of the same area or a reflection of the shape itself.

Compactness measures can be defined for three-dimensional shapes as well, typically as functions of volume and surface area.  One example of a compactness measure is sphericity .  Another measure in use is , which is proportional to .

For raster shapes, i.e. shapes composed of pixels or cells, some tests involve distinguishing between exterior and interior edges (or faces).

More sophisticated measures of compactness include calculating the shape's moment of inertia or boundary curvature.

Applications
A common use of compactness measures is in redistricting.  The goal is to maximize the compactness of electoral districts, subject to other constraints, and thereby to avoid gerrymandering.  Another use is in zoning, to regulate the manner in which land can be subdivided into building lots.
Another use is in pattern classification projects so that you can classify the circle from other shapes.

Human perception
There is evidence that compactness is one of the basic dimensions of shape features extracted by the human visual system.

See also
 Reock degree of compactness
Surface area to volume ratio
How Long Is the Coast of Britain? Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension

References

Geometric measurement
Thomas Sadleir

Thomas Ulick Sadleir (15 September 1882 – 21 December 1957) was an Irish genealogist and heraldic expert. He was successively registrar of the Order of St Patrick, Deputy Ulster King of Arms and Acting Ulster King of Arms.

Career
Sadleir's first involvement with the office of arms at Dublin Castle was when he worked on an unpaid basis whilst an undergraduate at Trinity College, Dublin. He graduated in 1904, and was called to the bar in 1906.

By 1913, he was working on a daily basis at the office, whilst practising as a barrister. In 1915 he was appointed registrar of the Order of St Patrick by George Dames Burtchaell, Deputy Ulster King of Arms. In practice, Sadleir carried out most of the day-to-day work of Ulster's office.

In 1915, Sadleir wrote an unofficial 6th volume of the annual Georgian Society Records called "Georgian mansions in Ireland" along with Page Dickinson. It proved to be the last volume of the society's annual records until it was re-established as the modern Irish Georgian Society in 1958.

In August 1921, Burtchaell was killed in a tram accident, and in September, Sadleir was appointed Deputy to Major Sir Neville Wilkinson, Ulster King of Arms. As Major Wilkinson was almost always absent from Dublin, Sadleir performed most of the duties of the office.

The Office of Arms was unaffected by the creation of the Irish Free State in December 1922, continuing to cover the whole of the island of Ireland, and remaining based in Dublin Castle.

In December 1940, Major Wilkinson died, and the Government of Ireland requested that no successor be appointed. For the next three years, Sadleir was Acting Ulster King of Arms. In 1943, the Government of Ireland established the Genealogical Office, which took over the records of the Office of Arms, while the title of Ulster King of Arms was merged with that of Norroy to become Norroy and Ulster King of Arms, a member of the College of Arms in London.

Sadleir continued to work for the Genealogical Office until 1944, clearing the large backlog of grants and confirmations of arms that had built up in Ulster's office. After leaving the G.O., he continued his private genealogical practice. He maintained links with his former employer, however, remaining a trustee of the Heraldic Museum in Dublin until his death.

Sadleir subsequently became librarian at the King's Inns in Dublin, a post he held until his death.

On 29 August 1922 he married Anna Elizabeth Norman ("Norma"), daughter of Dr James and Anna Kenny of Killeshandra, County Cavan, with whom he had two sons, Randal and Digby.

Sadleir died at his home on Marlborough Road, Dublin on 21 December 1957, and was buried at Castleknock church, Dublin.

Arms

See also
 Athlone Pursuivant

References

Sources

External links

Letters of Thomas Ulick Sadleir, 1893-1958 Genealogical Office, National Library of Ireland

1882 births
1957 deaths
Irish genealogists
Irish barristers
Irish officers of arms
Georgian architecture in Ireland
Lawyers from County Kildare
Dariush Safvat

Dariush Safvat (‎; 28 November 1928 – 17 April 2013) also spelled as Daryush Safvat, was a master Persian traditional musician, teacher, and ethnomusicologist. Safvat is best known for his mastery of setar and santur instruments. Safvat was the founding director of the  in Tehran; and some credit Safvat with saving traditional music from obliteration in the 1970s.

Early life and education
Dariush Safvat was born on 28 November 1928 in Shiraz, Iran. He began learning to play the setar at an early age from his father, Ali Asghar Safvat, who also played the ancient instrument. Among others, Safvat studied with two other Masters of Persian classical music, Abolhasan Saba and Haji Agha Mohammad Irani Mojarrad. However, Safvat claims the person who had the most influence on his life and music was Ostad Elahi, a Persian judge, philosopher, theologian and master musician.

He received a B.A. degree in law from the University of Tehran in 1953; and a Ph.D. in International Law from the Faculty of Law of Paris in 1965. He also studied at the Institute of Musicology in Paris.

Career and music
Over the course of his distinguished career, he held many key posts in academia and the music scene, among them a Fellow at the Academy of Sciences, of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The Center for the Preservation and Research of Music (formally known as the Center for Preservation and Propagation of Iranian Music, and the Center for the Preservation and Dissemination of Music) was founded in 1968 in Tehran by Safvat, a school specializing in traditional Iranian music. He is credited with having taught some of the most talented Iranian musicians of the 20th century in Iran, including well-known santur players Parviz Meshkatian and Majid Kiani, and master setar player, Jalal Zolfonoun. The Center counts among its graduates some of the most prolific and admired masters of classical Persian music, including Mohammad Reza Lotfi, Hossein Alizadeh, Hossein Omoumi, Parisa, the late Nasser Farhangfar, Dariush Talai, Majid Kiani and Mahmoud Farahmand.  

Safvat has published a number of books and articles in Persian, French and English, and has produced a large number of recordings, but what is most remarkable is the degree to which his humanity, piety and integrity have made him popular among both the music elite and the masses alike.

Late life and death 
In March 2005, he received the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres award, granted by the French government.

Safvat died on 17 April 2013 in Karaj, Iran from natural causes.

Bibliography

Notes

External links
Official website (archived)
The Academy of Sciences of IR Iran

1928 births
2013 deaths
Iranian ethnomusicologists
20th-century Iranian musicians
Musicians from Tehran
Persian classical musicians
University of Tehran alumni
People from Shiraz
University of Paris alumni
Hipparchia

Hipparchia may refer to:

Hipparchia of Maroneia, an ancient Greek philosopher c. 325 BC
Hipparchia (genus), a butterfly genus
Think Blue Linux

Think Blue Linux (sometimes ThinkBlue Linux) was a port of Linux to IBM S/390 (later, zSeries) mainframe computers, done by the Millenux subsidiary of German company Thinking Objects Software GmbH.

The distribution consisted primarily of a collection of Red Hat Linux 6.1 packages (or RPMs) on top of IBM's port of the Linux kernel. Distribution of the product ceased on February 16, 2006.

References

LinuxToday article
Heise article (German)

External links 
linux.s390.org aka linux.zseries.org is the official ThinkBlue/64 website
Thinking Objects Software GmbH (German)
Millenux (subsidiary of Thinking Objects) Linux for zSeries product page (German)

Discontinued Linux distributions
Linux distributions
Ladysmith Black Mambazo Foundation

The Ladysmith Black Mambazo Foundation was set up in January 1999 by Ladysmith Black Mambazo lead singer and founder Joseph Shabalala. The foundation teaches the history of South African music styles isicathamiya and, to a lesser extent, mbube.

History
The foundation was started in January 1999, after many years of waiting. Joseph Shabalala, since the early 1990s, had been searching for an academy to teach young Zulu South African children about their traditional music and had tried on many occasions to get help from international corporations; on one of these many occasions, The Coca-Cola Company agreed to help Joseph with the foundation, but the deal ended abruptly.

Today, the foundation is currently in the midst of building The Mambazo Academy for South African Music and Culture, and plans for the building include a rehearsal hall, a teaching section and a recording studio. Through this, Joseph and the group have recorded fellow isicathamiya groups on disc.

External links
 Ladysmith Black Mambazo's official site
 Additional information on the foundation and how to donate

Ladysmith Black Mambazo
Organizations established in 1999
1999 establishments in South Africa
Dora Colvin

Dora Colvin is a pioneering woman in the trucking industry in the United States. In over four decade, Colvin has driven for 2 million miles without an accident, and blazed the path for women into another male-dominated occupation.

Biography 
Colvin grew up in remote North Dakota on a farm, where she drove a truck. Today, she lives in Udall, Kansas.  Her original occupation was as a teacher, and she first started driving with her husband, Butch, during the summer. She worked in a team with her husband Butch for 18 years before they retired in 2010.  The Colvins have four children and six grandchildren.

In 1965, Colvin became the first woman to hold a CDL license in Kansas. In 1972, she became the first woman to drive for the produce company, Stanley Dilley and in 1992, was the first woman to drive for the chemical hauler, Wynne Tank Lines.

In 2004, Colvin and her husband were named Company Team of the Year for CFI. In April 2006 Colvin became the first woman to be named Company Equipment Driver of the Year by Truckload Carriers Association and sponsored by Truckers News.  On April 7, 2006, Colvin was mentioned on Paul Harvey's short radio newscast on ABC stations across the nation.

References

External links
Truckinginfo.com profile

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from North Dakota
American truck drivers
Lorenzo Cybo de Mari

Lorenzo Cybo de Mari  (c. 1450/1451 – 21 December 1503) was an Italian Catholic cardinal. He was archbishop of Benevento.

Biography
Born in Genoa, de Mari was an illegitimate child. According to some sources his paternity was attributed to Domenico de Mari, patrician of Genoa, brother of Teodorina and uncle of Maurizio Cybo, although another source states Maurizio (d. April 1491) was his father.

He was made cardinal on 9 March 1489 by his uncle, pope Innocent VIII. He built the first Cybo Chapel in the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo in the beginning of the 16th century which was decorated by the frescos of Pinturicchio and the works of Andrea Bregno but was destroyed by Alderano Cybo in 1682-87.

He also was bishop of Vannes in France, bishop of Palestrina (1493), bishop of Albano (1501) and bishop of Noli (1502).

References

Sources

1450s births
1503 deaths
15th-century Genoese people
15th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Kingdom of Naples
16th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Kingdom of Naples
16th-century Italian cardinals
15th-century Italian cardinals
Cardinal-bishops of Albano
Cardinal-bishops of Frascati
Cardinal-bishops of Palestrina
Archbishops of Benevento
Bishops of Noli
Bishops of Vannes
Cardinal-nephews
Clavivox

The Clavivox was a keyboard sound synthesizer and sequencer developed by American composer Raymond Scott beginning in 1952. He applied for a patent in December 1956 and was granted  on Feb. 3, 1959.

Scott had earlier built a theremin as a toy for his daughter Carrie. In his first Clavivox prototype, he used a theremin module built by a young Bob Moog (who was more than 25 years younger than Scott). The unit allowed the use of portamento over a 3-octave range. Scott then added amplitude envelopes, vibrato and other effects to the Clavivox.

Later Clavivox models used light shining through photographic film onto photocells as a source of control voltage to control pitch and timbre.

"A lot of the sound-producing circuitry of the Clavivox resembled very closely the first analog synthesizer my company made in the mid-'60s," Moog explained years later. "Some of the sounds are not the same, but they're close."

See also 
 ANS synthesizer
 Sound synthesis

References

External links 
Official Raymond Scott website
Bob Moog's memories of Raymond Scott

Synthesizers
Jones v New Brunswick (AG)

Jones v New Brunswick (AG) (1974), [1975] 2 S.C.R. 182 is a leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on the protection of language rights under the Canadian Constitution. The Mayor of Moncton, Leonard Jones, challenged the federal Official Languages Act, which made both French and English the official languages of the institutions of  the federal government. Jones argued that the subject matter of the law fell outside the constitutional jurisdiction of the federal government.

The Court upheld the constitutional validity of the Official Languages Act, finding that the subject matter of  the law related to the administration of Parliamentary institutions and therefore was within the authority of the federal government under the peace, order and good government power of the Constitution Act, 1867.

In essence, the Supreme Court was ruling that "the language guarantees set forth in the Constitution represented a minimum protection and did not stop Parliament or the provincial legislatures from adopting more generous language regimes."

In its 1986 ruling in Société des Acadiens v. Association of Parents, the Supreme Court stated that the principle that elected governments can enhance language rights, had been constitutionalized in 1982 under the terms of section 16(3) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

See also
 List of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Laskin Court)

References

Canadian federalism case law
Supreme Court of Canada cases
Bilingualism in Canada
Supreme Court of Canada case articles without infoboxes
1974 in Canadian case law
Language case law
Flockton

Flockton is a village in the civil parish of Kirkburton, in Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England. It is halfway between Huddersfield and Wakefield. In 2020, the population of Flockton and Flockton Green was estimated to be 2,107.

Its name derives from Flóki, an Old Norse personal name, and tūn, which is Old English for enclosure or fence.

History 
Flockton grew in a coal mining area, Flockton Collieries are closed. Locals could find mining jobs at nearby collieries such as Bullhouse, Shuttle Eye, Emley Moor, or Caphouse Colliery when the local pits were closed due to their inability to compete pricewise with collieries that were connected to the railways.

Historical population
The village had a population of 800 in 1809. In 1951 it had a population of 1318.

Governance 
Flockton was formerly a chapelry in the parish of Thornhill in the West Riding of Yorkshire and from 1866 Flockton was a civil parish and in 1894 an urban district. In 1938 the urban district was abolished and Flockton was added to Kirkburton.

Geography 
Flockton contains the once separate areas of Over and Nether Flockton and Flockton Green. The village is about  east of Huddersfield and the same distance south-west of Wakefield. The village extends along the A637 Grange Moor to Barnsley road. At Flockon Green, at the eastern end of the village, there is a junction with the road from Overton. 
To the west is Flockton Moor, a rural area containing mainly farmhouses. Parkside is an area of council housing. In contrast there are stone-built private developments. House prices are above average for the area. The village had a population of 2,107 in 2020. Flockton is a commuter village because of its proximity to the M1 motorway, which brings with it a large amount of traffic.

Amenities
St James the Great Church is on Barnsley Road next to Flockton C of E (C) First School.

Flockton has a newsagent/convenience store, a hairdressing salon, a working men's club, a motorcycle shop, and a fish and chip shop. The Dartmouth Arms public house was replaced by an Indian restaurant in October 2007. The George and Dragon at Flockton Green is one of the oldest public house in England, dating from 1485.

New Hall Prison 
New Hall Prison is in New Hall Wood,  east of Flockton. The prison holds female adults, juveniles and young offenders.

Sport 
Flockton has a cricket team that plays in the Huddersfield Cricket League. The village football teams play in Huddersfield and District Association Football League leagues.

See also 
Listed buildings in Kirkburton

References

External links 

Villages in West Yorkshire
Former civil parishes in West Yorkshire
Kirkburton
Silver sulfate

Silver sulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula Ag2SO4.  It is a white solid with low solubility in water.

Preparation and structure
Silver sulfate precipitates as a solid when an aqueous solution of silver nitrate is treated with sulfuric acid:
2AgNO3  + H2SO4 →  Ag2SO4 + 2HNO3
It is purified by recrystallization from concentrated sulfuric acid, a step that expels traces of nitrate.
Silver sulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfate adopt the same structure.

Silver(II) sulfate
The synthesis of silver(II) sulfate (AgSO4) with a divalent silver ion instead of a monovalent silver ion was first reported in 2010 by adding sulfuric acid to silver(II) fluoride (HF escapes). It is a black solid that decomposes exothermically at 120 °C with evolution of oxygen and the formation of the pyrosulfate.

References

Silver compounds
Sulfates
Kansasville, Wisconsin

Kansasville is an unincorporated community in Racine County, Wisconsin, United States. The area is a part of the Town of Dover. The area has also been referred to as Brighton or Eagle Lake, Wisconsin.

History
The origin for the name of the area is uncertain; some sources claim it was named after the Kansas-Nebraska Act, while others claim it was named in honor of area settlers from Kansas. Another belief is that it was named after the railroad system in town which used to operate from Wisconsin to Kansas.

Education
The community is served by the Dover School District, a district with only one school, Kansasville Grade School. After grade school, which covers Kindergarten to eighth grade, students are served by Union Grove Union High School, the sole school in the Union Grove Union High School District, or by Burlington High School, in the Burlington School District.

Transportation 
Kansasville was a stop on the Racine & Southwestern branch line of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, better known as the Milwaukee Road. In its 1980 bankruptcy, the Milwaukee Road disposed of the Southwestern Line. Today the line from Sturtevant through Union Grove to Kansasville is no longer operated by CP Rail. As a matter of fact the rails were removed some years ago. And there are plans to make this part into bike trails like what is west of Kansasvlle to Burlington and beyond there.

Recreation
Recreation areas in Kansasville include Eagle Lake Park and the Richard Bong State Recreation Area, where the annual Wolf Lake Run/Hike is held.

Notes

External links
 Kansasville~Town of Dover

Unincorporated communities in Wisconsin
Unincorporated communities in Racine County, Wisconsin
Grammy Legend Award

The Grammy Legend Award, or the Grammy Living Legend Award, is a special award of merit given to recording artists by the Grammy Awards, a music awards ceremony that was established in 1958. Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States for outstanding achievements in the music industry.

The first Grammy Legend Awards were issued in 1990 to Smokey Robinson, Willie Nelson, Andrew Lloyd Webber, and Liza Minnelli. The honor was inaugurated to recognize "ongoing contributions and influence in the recording field". The next year, four more musicians (Aretha Franklin, Billy Joel, Johnny Cash and Quincy Jones) were acknowledged with Grammy Legend Awards. The award was given to Barbra Streisand in 1992 and Michael Jackson in 1993.

After 1994, when the American musicians Curtis Mayfield and Frank Sinatra were both issued Grammy Legend Awards, the honors have been given to recording artists intermittently. Italian operatic tenor Luciano Pavarotti was the 1998 recipient of the award. The following year, British singer-songwriter Elton John was recognized with the honor. The Bee Gees became the first recipients of the award in the 21st century when the brothers were acknowledged by the Grammys in 2003. Overall, fourteen solo musicians and one band have received the Grammy Legend Award.

Recipients

See also
List of Grammy Award categories

References

General

Specific

External links
 Official website of the Grammy Awards

 01
Grammy Award categories
Awards established in 1990
1948 in organized crime



Events
Tommaso Buscetta becomes a made member of the Porta Nuovo Mafia family in Palermo, Sicily.
July 16 – Charles Yarnowsky, a syndicate mobster in Jersey City, New Jersey is found stabbed to death in Clifton.
August 10 – John DiBiaso, a lieutenant of Charles Yarnowski, is murdered, shot dead in front of his home in Elizabeth, New Jersey, only 25 days after Yarnowski's death.

Arts and literature

Births

Deaths
July 16 – Charles Yarnowsky, Jersey City, New Jersey syndicate mobster
August 10 – John DiBiaso, Charles Yarnowski lieutenant

References

Organized crime
Years in organized crime
Opalfish

The opalfish, Hemerocoetes monopterygius, is a duckbill of the genus Hemerocoetes, found only around New Zealand, at depths of between .  Their length is between .

Gallery

References

 
 
 Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand,  (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) 
 Wade Doak, A Photographic Guide to Sea Fishes of New Zealand, (New Holland Publishers (NZ) Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 2003) 

Percophidae
Endemic marine fish of New Zealand
Fish described in 1801
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN
Winta

Winta Efrem Negassi (born 20 March 1984) is a Norwegian R&B musician from Oslo, Norway. She grew up in Oslo, Norway. Winta has had an interest in music since childhood.

Winta's debut album was released in May 2004. From 2002 to 2004, she made three music videos for the singles "Emotions", "Hot Romance (Rok With You)" and "I Want U", all of those directed by Norwegian Ray Kay. Released in 2004, her hit single "Hot Romance (Rok With You)" was written by UK musician Taio Cruz.

On 9 September 2011, Winta released a second studio album after a seven-year hiatus. The album, titled "My Life", included popular tracks such as "Top of the World", "Nails on a Chalkboard", "My Life", "Heart on Fire (Merry-Go-Round)", "Amazes Me", "Just For Tonight", "Storm in Paradise" and "No Last Regrets".

Discography

Singles 
 "Emotions" (daWorks, 2002)
 "Emotions (Remix)" (daWorks, 2002) featuring Diaz
 "Trippin'" (daWorks, 2003) featuring Aphletik
 "Julekveldsvise" (daWorks, 2003) duet with Maria Arredondo, from the album Nå har vi vaske golvet – Sanger av Alf Prøysen
 "I Want U" (daWorks, 2004)
 "Hot Romance (Rok Wit You)" (daWorks, 2004) featuring Anton Gordon
 "Teaser" (daWorks, 2005)
 "Good Times (Hitesh Remix)" (daWorks, 2005)
 "Top of the World" (daWorks, 2007)
 "Nails on a Chalkboard" (daWorks, 2010)
 "My Life" (daWorks, 2011)
 "Heart on Fire (Merry-Go-Round)" (daWorks, 2011)
 "Amazes Me" (daWorks, 2011)
 "Just For Tonight" (daWorks, 2011)
 "Storm in Paradiset" (daWorks, 2012)
 "No Last Regrets" (daWorks, 2012)
 "Not Afraid" (daWorks, 2013)
 "Drip" featuring Johnel (daWorks, 2013)

Albums 
 "First" (daWorks – 2004)
 "My Life" (daWorks – 2011)

Reception
An Adressa reviewer described Winta's album as "something too long" and "a hint of something great about to come". Her single "Emotions" was a radio hit and her other single "Trippin" became a minor radio hit.

References

1984 births
Living people
Norwegian musicians
Norwegian people of Eritrean descent
Musicians from Oslo
21st-century Norwegian singers
21st-century Norwegian women singers
Netherlands Antilles at the 1988 Summer Olympics

The Netherlands Antilles competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.  Jan Boersma won the nation's first ever Olympic medal.

Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

Medalists

Sailing

Open

Shooting

Women

Swimming

Men

References

Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1988 Summer Olympics
1988
Oly
Intermittency

In dynamical systems, intermittency is the irregular alternation of phases of apparently periodic and chaotic dynamics (Pomeau–Manneville dynamics), or different forms of chaotic dynamics (crisis-induced intermittency).

Experimentally, intermittency appears as long periods of almost periodic behavior interrupted by chaotic behavior. As control variables change, the chaotic behavior become more frequent until the system is fully chaotic. This progression is known as the intermittency route to chaos. 

Pomeau and Manneville described three routes to intermittency where a nearly periodic system shows irregularly spaced bursts of chaos.  These (type I, II and III) correspond to the approach to a saddle-node bifurcation, a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, or an inverse period-doubling bifurcation. In the apparently periodic phases the behaviour is only nearly periodic, slowly drifting away from an unstable periodic orbit. Eventually the system gets far enough away from the periodic orbit to be affected by chaotic dynamics in the rest of the state space, until it gets close to the orbit again and returns to the nearly periodic behaviour. Since the time spent near the periodic orbit depends sensitively on how closely the system entered its vicinity (in turn determined by what happened during the chaotic period) the length of each phase is unpredictable.

Another kind, on-off intermittency, occurs when a previously transversally stable chaotic attractor with dimension less than the embedding space begins to lose stability. Near unstable orbits within the attractor orbits can escape into the surrounding space, producing a temporary burst before returning to the attractor. 

In crisis-induced intermittency a chaotic attractor suffers a crisis, where two or more attractors cross the boundaries of each other's basin of attraction. As an orbit moves through the first attractor it can cross over the boundary and become attracted to the second attractor, where it will stay until its dynamics moves it across the boundary again.

Intermittent behaviour is commonly observed in fluid flows that are turbulent or near the transition to turbulence.   In highly turbulent flows, intermittency is seen in the irregular dissipation of kinetic energy  and the anomalous scaling of velocity increments. Understanding and modeling atmospheric flow and turbulence under such conditions are further complicated by “turbulence intermittency,” which manifests as periods of strong turbulent activity interspersed in a more quiescent airflow. It is also seen in the irregular alternation between turbulent and non-turbulent fluid that appear in turbulent jets and other turbulent free shear flows.  In pipe flow and other wall bounded shear flows, there are intermittent puffs that are central to the process of transition from laminar to turbulent flow.   Intermittent behavior has also been experimentally demonstrated in circuit oscillators and chemical reactions.

See also
Pomeau–Manneville scenario
Crisis (dynamical systems)
Turbulent flow
Fluorescence intermittency (blinking) of organic molecules and colloidal quantum dots (nanocrystals)

References

Dynamical systems