Russian Institute of Theatre Arts

The Russian Institute of Theatre Arts (GITIS) () is the largest and oldest independent theatrical arts school in Russia. Located in Moscow, the school was founded on 22 September 1878 as the Shostakovsky Music School. It became the School of Music and Drama of the Moscow Philharmonic Society in 1883, was elevated to the status of a conservatory in 1886 during which time the institution was colloquially referred to as the Philharmonic Conservatory. It was renamed the Institute of Music and Drama in 1918, and was known as the Lunacharsky State Institute for Theatre Arts (GITIS) from 1934 to 1991.

Mission and background
GITIS trains students in various professions in the theatrical arts (including ballet, acting, etc.) and simultaneously provides a traditional university education in liberal arts and humanities. Approximately 1,500 students, qualification-advancement students, and post-graduate students from various countries study at GITIS.

History

Nineteenth century
The university was founded as the Shestakovskiy Music School for Coming People in Moscow at the end of the 19th century, patronized by the Society of Musical and Dramatic Arts Lovers. In 1883 the Society was renamed the Moscow Philharmonic Society and the school obtained the status of Specialized School of Music and Drama, subordinated by the Society. 
 
Drama classes of the musical-drama school were headed by actors, teachers and theatrical figures such as Alexander Yuzhin (1883–1889), Osyp Pravdin (1889–1891) and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko (1891–1901). The 1898 class graduates included Olga Knipper, Margarita Savitskaya, and Vsevolod Meyerhold.

Twentieth century
In 1902, the school moved into the antique Soldatenkov Family building at Maly Kislovsky, where it has been located since. On 24 October 1903 "The Charter of Musical-Drama School of the Moscow Philharmonic Society under the protection of Her Imperial Highness Princess Elisaveta Fedorovna" was approved. According to the Charter, the School was a department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Since the Revolution in Russia of 1917, the Musical-Drama School has undergone a number of reorganization and changes of names caused by reforms in the state education system. In August 1922, the school was renamed the State Institute of Musical Drama and was joined with Vsevolod Meyerhold's State Theatrical Workshops. This association received the name of State Institute of Theatrical Art – GITIS. The official date of its formation was 17 September 1922.

In June 1923, the State Practical Institute of Choreography joined GITIS as a separate department and the plan was achieved. 

In 1924, the existing theatrical institutes of Moscow and St.Petersburg were closed by Sovnarkom Edict because "of failures in the quality of theatrical education," but in spite of this, GITIS was authorized to graduate students in the accelerated manner. Clubs by interests and the club movement actively developed those years, were the main stimulus for the subsequent creation of theatrically instructor classes on the basis of already disbanded GITIS. In 1925 the Central technical school of a theatrical art (CETETIS) an educational institution with the four-year training was created.

In 1926, on the basis of graduates of GITIS and CETETIS theatre, Musical Drama in Zamoskvorechye has been generated.

On 2 August 1931 by decision of Sovnarkom RSFSR "About reorganization of system of art education in RSFSR", regulated activity of art higher educational institutions has been published. And on 1 October of the same year the theatrical high school was created by Sovnarkom order which has received the name already familiar to all – GITIS.

In July 1935 Theatrical Combine again transformed to the State Institute of Theatrical Art with three faculties: production management (with three years training), directing (with four years training), acting (with four years training). The Faculty of those years in GITIS were such known theatrical figures as Serafima Birman, Leonid Baratov, Boris Mordvinov, Boris Sushkevich, Leonid Leonidov, Mikhail Tarkhanov, Vasily Sakhnovsky, Olga Pyzhova, Boris Bibikov, Olga Androvskaya, Yosif Raevsky, Vasily Orlov, Andrey Lobanov, Mikhail Astangov, Ilya Sudakov, Yury Zavadsky.

World War Two
After the beginning of Second World War in September – October 1941 the education process in GITIS has been temporarily stopped. GITIS students were evacuated from Moscow to Saratov on 23 October.
The GITIS Front Theater was organized out of acting and directing faculties graduates in the summer of 1942 in Saratov. It made its contribution to a movement of front theaters in Second World War. For one thousand four hundred eighteen days of war the theater has given more than one thousand and five hundred performances.
Many GITIS graduates, students and teachers were fighting at several fronts.

Post-war years
In post-war years GITIS is widely growing. Few new faculties were organized. In 1946 faculty of a choreography has been created. Since 1958 GITIS Educational Theater was opened.  GITIS Theater known for many theater productions and playing the major in preparation of students for all theatrical specialties.

In 1991, the status of academy has been given to GITIS, and Institute has been renamed into the Russian Academy of Theater Arts – GITIS.

Present day
Today the Russian University of Theatre Arts (GITIS) is integrated into the world system of theatrical education. There are 8 faculties at the Russian University of Theatre Arts (GITIS).

Alumni
 
 
 Zina Andri one of the Albanian National Theater founders, in 1950 becomes the first female stage and theater director of the Albanian Theater, born Zinaida Andrejenko in Kharkiv, Ukraine
 Igor Korošec, actor, theorist, professor of acting
 Jurij Alschitz, theatre director, theorist
 Dmitry Bertman, theatre and opera director
 Mikhail Butkevich, theatre director, theorist
 Nazim Baykishiyev, theater artist faculty
 Anatoly Efros, theatre director
 Pyotr Fomenko, theatre director
 Simion Ghimpu, writer and lyricist
 Jerzy Grotowski, theatre director, theorist
 Angel Gutierrez, niño de Rusia, theater director and actor, founder of Chekhov Theatre in Madrid, one of the most important popularizers of Chekhov in Spain.
 Tankho Israelov, dancer, choreographer
 Chulpan Khamatova, actress
 Alim Kouliev, actor and theatre director
 Savely Kramarov, actor
 Lev Leshchenko, actor and singer
 Māris Liepa, ballet dancer
 Olga Lyubimova, Minister of Culture for the Russian Federation since January 2020
 Erkin Mademilova ballet dancer
 Alexandre Marine, actor and theatre director
 Eimuntas Nekrošius, theatre director
 Elena Nikolaeva (actress)
 Alla Pugacheva, musical performer
 Tatiana Samoilova, actress
 Larisa Sinelshchikova, media manager and producer
Tatyana Shmyga, singer and actress
 Georgy Tovstonogov, theatre director
 Anatoly Vasiliev, theatre director
 Roman Viktyuk, theater director, actor, screenwriter
 Mark Zakharov, theater and film director
 Andrey Zvyagintsev, actor and film director
Skënder Selimi, Albanian ballet master, choreographer and professor 
Mariya Fomina, actress
Lê Thanh Bạch - Vietnamese theatre actor, choreographer

References

Sources
 A. Yu. Smoliakov Тот самый ГИТИС. – (Moscow: Алгоритм-Книга, 2004. – 288 p.) – .

External links

 GITIS International 
 Russian Education. GITIS 

Drama schools in Russia
Education in Moscow
Academies of arts
Russian Academy of Arts
Russian National Academies
Educational institutions established in 1878
1878 establishments in the Russian Empire
Cultural heritage monuments of regional significance in Moscow