alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Agha Hilaly

Agha Hilaly (20 May 1911 – 6 February 2001) () was one of Pakistan's senior most diplomats who held several high offices in the Government of Pakistan, including Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States from 21 October 1966 to 20 October 1971.

Career and family background
Hilaly was born in 1911 in Bangalore. He joined the Indian Civil Service in 1936 at the age of 25,  and opted for Pakistan during  the independence of Pakistan in 1947 and settled in Pakistan along with his family in 1947. As the Government of Pakistan was in the process of establishing its foreign service cadre, all officers of the Civil Service of Pakistan that succeeded the Indian Civil Service were encouraged to join the new cadre. Hilaly was one of the first to do so and played an important role in shaping the strategic dimensions of Pakistan's foreign policy.

He was Pakistani Ambassador to the Scandinavian countries with residence in Stockholm from 1956 to 1959. In 1959 he was appointed Ambassador to Moscow and concurrently to Prague, until 1961, when he was assigned to India.

While representing Pakistan at the United Nations and serving as Ambassador to the United States. In the latter position, he facilitated the secret visit of US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to China, a fact acknowledged by President Richard Nixon. His younger brother Agha Shahi also an ICS officer followed in his footsteps and rose to be Foreign Minister of Pakistan. One of their uncles Sir Mirza Ismail served as Diwan Prime Minister of the princely state of Mysore, Jaipur and Hyderabad, India from 1926 to 1947.  His nephew Akbar Mirza Khaleeli was a prominent Indian Diplomat and served as Indian Ambassador to Iran, Italy and Australia and was Advisor to the Indian Government on Middle Eastern Affairs. His son Zafar Hilaly is also a former ambassador of Pakistan.

Death
Agha Hilaly died in Karachi on 6 February 2001, at the age of 89.

References

1911 births
2001 deaths
Politicians from Bangalore
Muhajir people
Pakistani Shia Muslims
Ambassadors of Pakistan to the United States
Ambassadors of Pakistan to the Soviet Union
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
People from Karachi
Ambassadors of Pakistan to Sweden
High Commissioners of Pakistan to India
High Commissioners of Pakistan to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors of Pakistan to Czechoslovakia
Ambassadors of Pakistan to Russia
Tyabji family
Confédération Syndicale des Travailleurs de Centrafrique

The Confédération Syndicale des Travailleurs de Centrafrique is a trade union centre in the Central African Republic.

It is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation and primarily oversees trade and rental of industrial scale trenchers necessary for both developing infrastructure such as irrigation and piping systems, and for trench warfare. The union currently overseas the operations of over 120 trenchers in the Central African region.

References

Trade unions in the Central African Republic
International Trade Union Confederation
Seema Punia

Seema Punia-Antil (born 27 July 1983) is an Indian discus thrower. Her personal best throw is , achieved at the National Senior Inter-state Athletic Championships 2021.

Early life
Seema Antil was born in Khewda village of Sonipat district in Haryana. Her sporting career began at the age of 11 years as a hurdler and a long-jumper, but later took to discus throw. Her gold medal win at the World Junior Championships in 2000 in Santiago earned her the nickname: 'Millennium Child'. She studied in the Government College, Sonipat.

Career
Antil originally won a gold medal at the 2000 World Junior Championships, but she lost it due to a positive drugs' test for pseudoephedrine. As per the rules in force at that time for such an offence, her National Federation issued her a public warning after stripping her of the medal. She won a bronze medal at the next World Junior Championships in 2002.

She won a silver medal at the 2006 Commonwealth Games, and was honoured with Bhim Award by the Haryana state government on 26 June 2006. Her absence from the 2006 Asian Games attracted considerable media attention. She had tested positive for a steroid (stanozolol) prior to the Games but was cleared to participate by her National Federation. She, however, opted out of the team for the Games.

She won a bronze medal at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. She finished 13th at the 2012 London Olympics. In 2014, she won a silver medal at the Commonwealth Games and a gold at the Asian Games.

Personal life
Antil is married to Ankush Punia, her coach, and a former discus thrower who represented India at 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

International competitions

See also
List of sportspeople sanctioned for doping offences

References

External links

1983 births
Living people
Indian female discus throwers
21st-century Indian women
21st-century Indian people
Olympic athletes for India
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for India
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for India
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Asian Games gold medalists for India
Asian Games bronze medalists for India
Asian Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Asian Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Asian Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2022 Asian Games
Sportswomen from Haryana
People from Sonipat
Doping cases in athletics
Indian sportspeople in doping cases
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2018 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2022 Asian Games
Athletes from Haryana
Recipients of the Arjuna Award
Medallists at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
World Athletics Championships athletes for India
CSTC

CSTC may mean:

 Calcutta State Transport Corporation
 Confédération Syndicale des Travailleurs de Centrafrique
 Confédération Syndicale des Travailleurs du Congo
 Cortico-striato-thalamocortical circuit, also known as cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop, a type of neural circuit in the brain
 Combined Security Transition Command – Afghanistan
Wapama Falls

Wapama Falls is the larger of two waterfalls located on the northern wall of Hetch Hetchy Valley below Hetch Hetchy Dome, in Yosemite National Park. It flows almost year-round and during peak flow has been known to inundate the trail bridge crossing its base, making the falls impossible to pass. The falls consist of two primary drops angled roughly 60 degrees to each other, and a broad cascade at its base.

Wapama Falls descends just under 1,100 feet.  Like Yosemite Falls, it has three distinct parts.  The topmost is a free drop of perhaps 300 feet, followed by a steeply-cascading stream which descends 600 feet in a steep-sided gorge, much like the stream between Upper and Lower Yosemite Fall.  These cascades cannot be seen in their entirety from the trail:  such a view is seen from across the Valley high on Kolana Rock.  Finally, the bottom drop, seen from the dam and intimately from the trail, is one of about 200 feet down an escarpment that is not vertical, but in high water the water shoots outward to clear this descent.

Visitors can reach Wapama Falls by hiking  up Hetch Hetchy Reservoir Trail from O'Shaughnessy Dam.

External links

Waterfalls of Yosemite National Park
Landforms of Tuolumne County, California
Tiered waterfalls
COMSPEC

or  is one of the environment variables used in DOS, OS/2 and Windows, which normally points to the command line interpreter, which is by default  in DOS, Windows 95, 98, and ME or  in OS/2 and Windows NT. The variable name is written in all-uppercase under DOS and OS/2. Under Windows, which also supports lowercase environment variable names, the variable name is defined as  in the environment block, but as  inside the DOS emulator NTVDM.
When not present in the environment block, the command processor CMD.EXE of Windows NT sets  to its own full path; it evaluates  for example to execute builtin commands in pipelines, and to execute command lines with its builtin  command.

The variable's contents can be displayed by typing  or  at the command prompt.

The environment variable by default points to the full path of the command line interpreter. It can also be made by a different company or be a different version.

Another use of this environment variable is on a computer with no hard disk, which needs to boot from a floppy disk, is to configure a ram disk. The COMMAND.COM file is copied to the ram disk during boot and the COMSPEC environment variable is set to the new location on the ram disk. This way the boot disk can be removed without the need to reinsert it after a big application has been stopped. The command line interpreter will be reloaded from the ram disk instead of the boot disk.

References

External links
Creating a customized Command Prompt shortcut - Example of COMSPEC usage

Windows administration
DOS environment variables
Windows environment variables
Debbie McCormick

Deborah McCormick ( Henry, born January 8, 1974) is an American curler from Rio, Wisconsin.  Although born in Canada, McCormick moved to Madison, Wisconsin when she was very young. McCormick is a World Champion and four-time Olympian.

Career
McCormick had an impressive junior career, winning two silvers and a bronze at various World Junior Curling Championships.  Early in her adult curling career she played in two World Championships: as an alternate in 1996 for Lisa Schoeneberg's silver medal winning team, and in 2001 she was a third for Kari Erickson's sixth place team.

McCormick skipped the United States to a World Championship in 2003. She defeated Canada, skipped by Colleen Jones, in the final. It was the first time the US had won a World Championships in women's curling and was McCormick's first international tournament as a skip. She returned to the Worlds in 2006 and won silver.  McCormick defended her 2006 US title in 2007 by defeating Cassandra Johnson's rink 9–3. She went on to win the 2008 & 2009 National Championships/Olympic Trials.

McCormick has also participated in four Olympic games. At the 1998 Winter Olympics, she played second for Schoeneberg's fifth place team and at the 2002 Winter Olympics she played third for Erickson's fourth place team. She skipped the US Women's Olympic Team at the 2010 Winter Olympics, finishing 10th. She joined Erika Brown's rink in 2012, and after their win at the 2013 United States Women's Curling Championship, Brown and her team were qualified to participate at the 2014 United States Olympic Curling Trials. They finished first in the round robin standings and defeated former teammate Allison Pottinger in a best-of-three series final to clinch the berth to the Olympics.

Personal life 
McCormick posed for Ana Arce's "Fire on Ice" 2007 Team Sponsorship Calendar to promote women's curling.
She is the daughter of Wally Henry.

Teams

References

External links
 
 

1974 births
Living people
American female curlers
Olympic curlers for the United States
Curlers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
World curling champions
Canadian women curlers
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Curlers from Saskatoon
Sportspeople from Madison, Wisconsin
Curlers at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Continental Cup of Curling participants
American curling champions
People from Columbia County, Wisconsin
21st-century American women
The Wailin' Jennys

The Wailin' Jennys are a Canadian music group. A 2011 review says they "sing like siblings and play like seasoned veterans". They have released several albums and received two Juno Awards. The group has been featured several times on the American Public Media  program A Prairie Home Companion.

History
The group was founded in 2002, when a Winnipeg guitar shop called Sled Dog Music brought Ruth Moody, Nicky Mehta and Cara Luft together for a joint performance. The show was well received and the owner, John Sharples, scheduled a follow-up performance and suggested they "go on tour and call themselves the Wailin' Jennys." 

The group's name is a pun on the name of country singer Waylon Jennings. Jennings died the same month, causing anger at a music conference where they were playing. "They thought we were making fun of him or something", says Luft. However, the band never expected to last for more than a few shows, seeing they were all part-time musicians.

The band released a self-titled EP and an album, 40 Days, in 2004.

The group now consists of soprano Ruth Moody, mezzo Nicky Mehta and alto Heather Masse. In previous years, the Jennys have also toured with fiddler and mandolinist Jeremy Penner, who is from Ruth's former band, Scruj MacDuhk. Other band members have included Annabelle Chvostek, a singer/songwriter from Montreal, and Ruth Moody's brother Richard on viola and mandolin.  Both Penner and Moody have appeared on The Wailin' Jennys' albums. In 2007, Chvostek left the group and was replaced by Heather Masse, a Maine-born singer and member of the band Heather & the Barbarians.

The Wailin' Jennys have won two Juno Awards for Roots and Traditional Album of the Year (Group): in 2005 for 40 Days and in 2012 for Bright Morning Stars. They were also nominated for the same award for Firecracker in 2007.

Discography

Albums

Extended plays

References

External links

 
 
 

Musical groups established in 2002
Musical groups from Winnipeg
Canadian alternative country groups
Juno Award for Roots & Traditional Album of the Year – Group winners
2002 establishments in Manitoba
Canadian indie folk groups
Red House Records artists
Noyes station

Noyes is a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' system, on the Purple Line in Evanston, Illinois.  It is located at 909 Noyes Street (directional coordinates 2225 north, 900 west), just a few blocks west of the north end of Northwestern University's Evanston campus.  The Noyes Cultural Center is also nearby.  This area of Evanston is a mix of residential and light commercial properties.

The automated voice for the station was used in the song "Chamber the Cartridge" by the melodic hardcore band, Rise Against.

History

Structure
The current station was constructed in the early 1930s and is at least the second station on the site; the first was built at grade level and was demolished when the line north of University Place was elevated.  Like the rest of the 'L' north of Wilson, Noyes is elevated on a solid fill embankment, unlike the steel structure commonly associated with the 'L'.  The station lacks a formal station house; two staircases on the north side of Noyes Street lead up to a small area containing a customer assistant's booth, a farecard vending machine, and two turnstiles.  The island platform is composed of concrete and stretches south from the station entrance, covered by a canopy its entire length.  Southbound trains stop on the west side of the platform, while northbound trains stop at the east part. After the station was elevated, Noyes was capable of berthing eight-car trains. Currently the platform can only accommodate six-car trains because the concrete on the northern end of the platform has been removed, although its framing and canopy are still in place.

Former service
Noyes was served by trains of the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad on the Shore Line Route.  Like Foster and Central, Noyes had an additional side platform to the west of the southbound track for exclusive use of the North Shore Line, to prevent disembarking customers from transferring to 'L' trains for free.  The platform was removed sometime after the North Shore Line ceased operations over this section of the rapid transit system in 1955, but its concrete footings can still be seen opposite the current platform south of Noyes Street.

Notes and references

Notes

References

External links 

 Noyes Station Page
 Photo of the old Noyes station at Northshoreline.com
 Train schedule (PDF) at CTA official site
 Noyes Station Page CTA official site
 Noyes Street entrance from Google Maps Street View

CTA Purple Line stations
Railway stations in Evanston, Illinois
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1908
Former North Shore Line stations
1908 establishments in Illinois
Tuu

Tuu or TUU may refer to:

As a name
Tuu (band) (1980s–1999), British ambient band
Tuu languages, spoken in Botswana and South Africa
Xuan Tuu (1925–1996), Vietnamese writer properly addressed as Tuu
Tuu, fictional homeworld of Lugians in the game Asheron's Call 2

As an abbreviation
Tasmania University Union, in Australia

As a code
Tabuk Regional Airport, in Saudi Arabia, IATA code TUU
Tututni language by ISO 639-3 code

See also
 Kings of Easter Island, many including "Tuu" in their name
 Kyzyl-Tuu, several places in Kyrgyzstan
Rosy Parlane

Rosy Parlane, also known as Paul Douglas, is an electronic musician from New Zealand who currently lives in Auckland, New Zealand. He was in the New Zealand trio Thela, then went on a solo career, as well as co-founding the Sigma Editions record label. He also played in the bands Empirical, Parmentier, Pit Viper, Plains, Rosenberg, Sakada, Codhaven and Amazing Broccoli.

His solo music has been called "abstract, electronic-based music", "soundscapes of beauty and destruction" and "avant-techno".

Career
Parlane co-founded the avant-garde rock trio Thela in Auckland, New Zealand in 1992. They released two LPs over the years. Thela disbanded four years later, after which Parlane burnt his guitar, moved to Melbourne, Australia, and began working on solo material. At that time, he also was part of the duo Parmentier with fellow Thela ex-member Dion Workman.

In 1998, Parlane and Workman founded the Sigma Editions record label, which released music by themselves, David Haines, and Vladislav Delay. The name is a reference to Alexander Trocchi's plan for a utopian artist colony.

Parlane moved to London in 2000 and formed the ensemble Sakada with Mattin and Eddie Prévost.

In 2004 he released Iris, which was described as "extraordinary passages of filigreed and tessellated electronic minutiae and static flutter that evoke the crystalline hissing of ice in white heat".

In 2006 he released Jessamine, which featured Tetuzi Akiyama using a samurai sword to play a resonator guitar. It finished with a piece featuring eight different guitarists, including Michael Morley, Stefan Neville, Lasse Marhaug, Campbell Kneale, Donald McPherson and David Mitchell.

In 2008 he collaborated with Fennesz on a track on Black Sea.

In 2009 he exhibited a piece of audio art in the Sonic Museum exhibition at the Auckland War Memorial Museum and performed a live score for a film at the New Zealand International Film Festivals.

Discography

Solo albums
 #1-4 (1998, Sigma Editions)
 Getxo (2002, Sigma Editions)
 Iris (2004, Touch Records)
 Jessamine (2006, Touch Records)

Collaborations
Parlane has released collaborations with artists such as Mattin, Eddie Prévost, Fennesz, Birchville Cat Motel, Pierre Bastien and Lukas Simonis.

References

External links
  including discography
 Discography of Rosy Parlane at Discogs
 [ Discography of Rosy Parlane] at AMG
 Rosy Parlane at the Tate Modern
 

New Zealand electronic musicians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Pakistan Adventist Seminary & College

Pakistan Adventist Seminary & College is a Christian co-educational institution of higher learning located in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
The purpose of the Pakistan Adventist Seminary is to train workers to serve the church in Pakistan and beyond, as well as to prepare Christian youth for useful service to society.

It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

History

Pakistan Adventist Seminary & College is located 60 km west of Lahore on Sargodha Road at Farooqabad Mandi. The institution is located on  of land.
Pakistan Adventist Seminary & College (PASC) developed from a small Seventh-day Adventist boys' school founded in 1920. In 1937 it became a co-educational institution with the integration of the seventh-day Adventist girls' school. Steady growth followed as students came in from all parts of the Punjab and North West India.

In 1957 PASC started offering a 2-year junior seminary program. Later a senior seminary program was developed and the first graduates received their degrees in 1970. The institution now incorporates the elementary school (class 1–8), high school (class 9 and 10) and college, offering a two-year diploma, and 4- and 5-year degree in different disciplines.

PASC is an institution that is administered by the Pakistan Union of Seventh-day Adventists and has been a part of the Trans-European Division (TED) of the Senventh-day Adventists territory since 1985 but now is a part of the Southern Asia Pacific Division (SSD) of Seventh-day Adventists since 2011.

In 2003 it offered FSc, Pre-medical, BBA, ICS, BA, Education, and Theology courses of discipline.

PASC Alumni Association (PASCAA)
PASC Alumni Association was organized in 2007 by graduates of Pakistan Adventist Seminary & College upon request of the college administration. PASCAA exists to promote awareness, communication and interaction between overseas alumni and the college, and to unite graduates, former students, and friends of the college for mutual benefit and to promote the welfare and advance the interests of the college.

See also

 List of Seventh-day Adventist colleges and universities
 Seventh-day Adventist education

References

External links
 
 PASOAA website

Universities and colleges affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church
Christian organisations based in Pakistan
Schools in Punjab, Pakistan
1920 establishments in British India
Universities and colleges established in 1920
Ivolândia

Ivolândia is a municipality in eastern Goiás state, Brazil.  The population was 2,718 (2007) in a total area of 1,262.8 km² (10/10/2002).

Location
Distance to regional center (Iporá):  56 km.
Highway connections:  state highway BR-069 west from Goiânia, through Trindade, São Luís de Montes Belos, GO-444 / Moiporá.  For the complete list for Goiás see Distancias Rodoviarias Seplan

Neighboring municipalities:  Iporá, Amorinópolis, Cachoeira de Goiás, Palestina de Goiás, Caiapônia,  Moiporá, Arenópolis, and Paraúna.

Districts, villages, and hamlets
District: Campolândia.
Hamlets: Estrela do Oriente and Petrolandia.

Demographics
Population growth rate 1996/2007:   -1.31%
Population in 1980: 4,269
Population in 2007: 2,718
Urban population in 2007: 1,481
Rural population in 2007: 1,237 (Sepin)

The economy
The economy is based on services, cattle, milk products, and limited agriculture.  There was 01 dairy—UNILAT - Indústria de Laticínios Ltda (07/06/2006).  There were no bank branches in 2007.  The cattle here had 93,000 head in 2006.  The main agricultural crops were corn, manioc, rice, soybeans, and sugarcane.
GDP (PIB) (R$1,000.00):  20,240 (2005)
GDP per capita (R$1.00):  6,796 (2005)

Motor vehicles
Automobiles: 125
Pickup trucks:  37
Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle: 17

Agricultural data 2006
Farms:  488
Total area:  104,195 ha.
Area of permanent crops: 39 ha.
Area of perennial crops: 124 ha.
Area of natural pasture:  76,909 ha.
Area of woodland and forests:  25,015 ha.
Persons dependent on farming:  1,600
Farms with tractors: 83
Number of tractors:  108
Cattle herd:  93,000 head IBGE

Education and Health
Schools in activity: 4
Classrooms:  18
Teachers:  29
Total Students: 610
Literacy Rate: 81.6%
Hospitals:  1
Beds: 16
Public health clinics: 3
Infant mortality rate: 24.39 (in 1,000 live births)
Municipal Human Development Index:  0.721
State ranking:  169 (out of 242 municipalities in 2000)
National ranking:  2.601 (out of 5,507 municipalities in 2000)

History
The opening up of these lands began in 1939 when several families from Minas Gerais and Bahia settled along the banks of the Rio Claro and the Córrego Encantado seeking gold and diamonds.  In 1944 a dirt road was opened and a village was formed called Boa Vista, because of the location on the plateau between Iporá and Cachoeira de Goiás.  In 1947 the first church dedicated to Nossa Senhora da Abadia was built and one year later came the first primary school.  In 1952 Boa Vista was made a district of Aurilândia and the name was changed to Ivolândia, in homage to the pioneer Ivo Moreira Neves.  In 1953 it was raised to municipal status.

See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
Microregions of Goiás

References

Frigoletto

Municipalities in Goiás
King's graph

In graph theory, a king's graph is a graph that represents all legal moves of the king chess piece on a chessboard where each vertex represents a square on a chessboard and each edge is a legal move.  More specifically, an  king's graph is a king's graph of an  chessboard. It is the map graph formed from the squares of a chessboard by making a vertex for each square and an edge for each two squares that share an edge or a corner. It can also be constructed as the strong product of two path graphs.

For an  king's graph the total number of vertices is  and the number of edges is . For a square  king's graph this simplifies so that the total number of vertices is  and the total number of edges is .

The neighbourhood of a vertex in the king's graph corresponds to the Moore neighborhood for cellular automata.
A generalization of the king's graph, called a kinggraph, is formed from a squaregraph (a planar graph in which each bounded face is a quadrilateral and each interior vertex has at least four neighbors) by adding the two diagonals of every quadrilateral face of the squaregraph.

In the drawing of a king's graph obtained from an  chessboard, there are  crossings, but it is possible to obtain a drawing with fewer crossings by connecting the two nearest neighbors of each corner square by a curve outside the chessboard instead of by a diagonal line segment. In this way,  crossings are always possible. For the king's graph of small chessboards, other drawings lead to even fewer crossings; in particular every  king's graph is a planar graph. However, when both  and  are at least four, and they are not both equal to four,  is the optimal number of crossings.

See also
 Knight's graph
 Queen's graph
 Rook's graph
 Bishop's graph
 Lattice graph

References

Mathematical chess problems
Parametric families of graphs
Knight's graph

In graph theory, a knight's graph, or a knight's tour graph, is a graph that represents all legal moves of the knight chess piece on a chessboard. Each vertex of this graph represents a square of the chessboard, and each edge connects two squares that are a knight's move apart from each other.
More specifically, an  knight's graph is a knight's graph of an  chessboard.
Its vertices can be represented as the points of the Euclidean plane whose Cartesian coordinates  are integers with  and  (the points at the centers of the chessboard squares), and with two
vertices connected by an edge when their Euclidean distance is .

For an  knight's graph, the number of vertices is . If  and  then the number of edges is  (otherwise there are no edges). For an  knight's graph, these simplify so that the number of vertices is  and the number of edges is .

A Hamiltonian cycle on the knight's graph is a (closed) knight's tour. A chessboard with an odd number of squares has no tour, because the knight's graph is a bipartite graph (each color of squares can be used as one of two independent sets, and knight moves always change square color) and only bipartite graphs with an even number of vertices can have Hamiltonian cycles. Most chessboards with an even number of squares have a knight's tour; Schwenk's theorem provides an exact listing of which ones do and which do not.

When it is modified to have toroidal boundary conditions (meaning that a knight is not blocked by the edge of the board, but instead continues onto the opposite edge) the  knight's graph is the same as the four-dimensional hypercube graph.

See also
 King's graph
 Queen's graph
 Rook's graph
 Bishop's graph

References

External links

Mathematical chess problems
Parametric families of graphs
Lake Vernon

Lake Vernon is located in the Tiltill Valley in the northern sector of Yosemite National Park just north of Hetch Hetchy Valley. The surface elevation of the lake is . Due to the remote location of the lake, it is usually only accessed as a backpacking destination. The area surrounding the lake was once home to a band of Sierra Miwok Indians, and numerous artifacts can be found in the area. Lake Vernon is the source of Falls Creek, which feeds Wapama Falls.

See also
List of lakes in California

References

Lakes of Yosemite National Park
Lakes of Tuolumne County, California
Andrea Schöpp

Andrea Schöpp (born 27 February 1965) is a German curler from Garmisch-Partenkirchen. She lectures part-time in statistics at the University of Munich.

Career
Schöpp is a two-time World champion ( and ), seven-time European champion (, , , , , , ) and 1992 Winter Olympics champion (demonstration). Schöpp has skipped every team she has played for in international events - except when she plays at the European Mixed Curling Championships, where she usually plays third for her brother, Rainer.

Schöpp made her international debut in 1980, at the age of 15. She skipped the German team to a bronze medal at the European championships that year. She also won silver medals at the Worlds in 1986 and 1987 and a bronze in 1989. She continues to curl, although she has had less success in the last decade. Her fourth-place finish at the 2006 Ford World Women's Curling Championship was her highest placement since 1996 at the Worlds. She won the  in Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada with an extra-end victory over Scotland's Eve Muirhead.

Schöpp won a gold medal at the 2008 European Mixed Curling Championship as a part of the team skipped by her brother Rainer.

Personal life
Schöpp studied statistics at the University of Munich and earned her diploma in 1991. She completed her doctorate in 1996, and has been employed by the University of Munich from 1991.

Schöpp's brother, Rainer Schöpp, is also a curler.

She was born hours before her longtime teammate, Monika Wagner, in the same hospital.

Teammates

Works
Alternative Parametrisierungen Bei Korrelierten Bivariaten Binären Responsevariablen. Vol. 1, Anwendungsorientierte Statistik. 1997.

References

External links

 
 
 Andrea Schöpp - Player Profile - Curling - Eurosport UK

Living people
1965 births
Sportspeople from Garmisch-Partenkirchen
German female curlers
Olympic gold medalists for Germany
Medalists at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Curlers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Olympic curlers for Germany
World curling champions
European curling champions
German curling champions
Continental Cup of Curling participants
Sonia Lee

Sonia Lee (born April 12, 1960) is a Korean-born entrepreneur best known as the co-founder and president of Fullpower Technologies. Sonia Lee also co-founded LightSurf and Starfish Software.

Biography
She is married to Philippe Kahn, CEO of Fullpower Technologies and ran the business side of many of his businesses. They have one child. Together, they run an environmental charity, the Lee-Kahn Foundation. She is known for her passion for landscape and still life paintings.

The picture of her new born child was the first ever camera phone picture.

References

External links
Lee-Kahn Foundation, with biographies of Lee and Kahn

1960 births
Living people
Borland
21st-century American businesspeople
School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni
Novo Brasil

Novo Brasil is a municipality in eastern Goiás state, Brazil.

Location
Novo Brasil is located east of the capital near Iporá and São Luís de Montes Belos.
Distance to the state capital:  200 km.
Distance to regional center, São Luís de Montes Belos:  77 km.
Highway connections from Goiânia:  state highway BR-069 west from Goiânia, through Trindade/ GO-326 / Anicuns / GO-222 / Choupana / GO-326 / Sanclerlândia / Buriti de Goiás.   
Neighboring municipalities:  Fazenda Nova, Córrego do Ouro, Jussara,  and Itapirapuã

Political Information
In January 2005 the Mayor was José Fabiano Alves de Castro.  There were 9 city-council members and 3,215 eligible voters in 2007.

Demographic Information
In 2007 the population density was 5.31 inhabitants/km2.  There were 2,208 inhabitants in the urban area and 1,243 in the rural area.  The population has declined by about 1,200 inhabitants since 1980 when it was 4,966.   From 2000 to 2007 the population fell 2.7%.

Economic Information
The economy was based on services, agriculture, cattle raising, and government employment.  In 2005 there were 4 industrial units and 36 retail units.  There were no financial institutions.  In 2007 there were  250 automobiles, 59 pickups and 410 motorcycles.

In 2006 there were 89,240 head of cattle, 27,615 head of poultry, and 4,850 head of swine.  The main agricultural products were rice, bananas, manioc, and corn.  None exceeded 500 hectares in planted area. 
GDP (PIB) (R$1,000.00):  21,711 (2005) 
GDP per capita (R$1.00):  5,722 (2005)

Agricultural data 2006
Farms:  493
Total area:  35,910 ha.
Area of permanent crops: 888 ha.
Area of perennial crops: 124 ha.
Area of natural pasture:  26,527 ha. 
Area of woodland and forests:  7,206 ha. 
Persons dependent on farming:  1,000
Farms with tractors: 34
Number of tractors:  46
Cattle herd:  92,000 head IBGE

Health and education
In 2007 there was 1 hospital with 27 beds and 2 walk-in health clinics.  In 2002 there were 4 doctors, 1 nurse, 1 dentist, and 7 auxiliary nurses.  In 2000 the infant mortality rate was 35.47, higher than the national average of 33.0.

In 2006 the school system had 6 schools, 27 classrooms, 56 teachers, and  860 students.  Of these, 199 were attending a middle school.  In 2000 the adult literacy rate was 83.9%, below the national average of 86.4%.  In 2000 there were 2,470 students so the number has dropped substantially.

Municipal Human Development Index:  0.713
State ranking:  193 (out of 442 municipalities)
National ranking:  2.763 (out of 5,507 municipalities)

History
The settlement of this region began in 1949 when a group of farmers from Paraná arrived and settled between the Bocaina and Carapuça rivers.  In 1953 the town achieved some prosperity and became known as Novo Brasil.  In 1958 it became a district of Fazenda Nova.  In the same year it was dismembered and made a municipality.

See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
Microregions of Goiás

References

Frigoletto 

Municipalities in Goiás
Arthur Crawford

Arthur Travers Crawford (1835–1911) was a British government employee and the first Municipal Commissioner and collector of Bombay (now Mumbai), India. Crawford was famous as an able administrator as well as for his allegedly, underhand financial dealings.

Crawford acquired the Agri-Horticulture Society's gardens at Sewri in order to build the European cemetery in 1865. Crawford Market in South Mumbai was named after him. When he took over as Commissioner, water supply was scanty, garbage was piling up and the mortality rate was a high 40 per 1,000. Crawford cleaned the streets, fixed the drains and lowered the mortality rate by half from 35,000 to 18,000 over the next two years. However his plans greatly overshot the civic budget and he was accused of financial mismanagement after he refused to heed to warnings that the deficit was ever widening. While criticised by many, he was defended by lawyer Pherozeshah Mehta during the Municipal controversy circa 1870. 

Later in his career it was alleged that Crawford had accepted bribes from mamlatdars (executive heads of a taluka). This prompted a fierce public debate led by Lokmanya Tilak and Gopal Krishna Gokhale.  The subsequent inquiry, chaired by Judge Arthur Wilson of the Calcutta High Court, found Crawford (then the Commissioner of Bombay Presidency's Central Division), not guilty of accepting bribes but only of borrowing money from official subordinates. Crawford was subsequently removed from the Civil Service List and asked to return to London.  

According to Govid Talwalkar's author of Gopal Krishna Gokhale: His Life and Times, a June 1890 Westminster Review article alleged that Crawford's illegal funds were transferred to Europe through a French bank. Then, as a decoy, he wrote two letters to his brother based in Bombay that he would commit suicide at Holkar Bridge in Poona (now Pune). Dressed as a tramp, he boarded the third-class compartment of a Bombay-bound train. While in a hotel near the docks, the police got wind of his presence and arrested him. Crawford had tried to buy a ticket to Colombo. 

Back in London, he penned his memoirs on his life in India, titled Our Troubles in Poona and the Deccan which was published in 1897. He described many communities in the Bombay region along with their sketches. He meted out special harsh criticism on Brahmins. His fluency in Marathi ironically however led contemporary writer N. C. Kelkar to comment that Crawford could have passed off as a Chitpawan Brahmin had he donned a dhoti. Other books published by Crawford include Reminiscence of an Indian Police Officer, The Unrest in India and Legends of Konkan.

References
 Our Troubles in Poona and the Deccan, Arthur Crawford, Archibald Constable & Co., London, UK, 1897. 
Arthur Crawford – TIFR Mumbai pages
Arthur Crawford who?; Mid-day;  Alpana Lath Sawai; August 14, 2005
The colourful Arthur Crawford; Nina Martyris/TNN; Times of India, Mumbai; pg-2; 2006-04-01
  The Arthur Crawford Scandal: Corruption, Governance, and Indian Victims, Michael D. Metelits, Oxford, 2020 

Indian civil servants
1835 births
1911 deaths
Caesar C line

The Caesar Line was the last German line of defence in Italy before Rome during the Italian Campaign of the Second World War. It extended from the west coast near Ostia, over the Alban Hills south of Rome, from Valmontone to Avezzano and then to Pescara on the Adriatic coast. Behind the western half of the line was a subsidiary line, the Roman switch line which took a path north of Rome.

When the Caesar C Line defences, manned by the German 14th Army, were breached by the U.S. Fifth Army on 30 May 1944, following the breakout from Anzio, the road to Rome was finally opened. The Germans retreated to their next line of defence, the Trasimene Line where the 14th Army re-aligned with the German 10th Army before withdrawing to the formidable defences of the Gothic Line.

See also
Battle of Anzio

German World War II defensive lines
Italian campaign (World War II)
World War II sites in Italy
Jesúpolis

Jesúpolis is a municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil.  The name literally means "City of Jesus".

Distances and location
Distance to Anápolis:  150 km.
Highway connections from Goiânia:  GO-080 / Nerópolis / São Francisco de Goiás / GO-529. For all distances see   Seplan

Neighboring municipalities:  Jaraguá, São Francisco de Goiás, Petrolina de Goiás, and Santa Rosa de Goiás.

Demographics
Population density:  18.20 inhabitants/km2 (2007)
Population growth rate 1996/2007: 0.48.%    
Population in 2007: 2,201 
Urban population in 2007: 1,688    
Rural population in 2007:  513

Economy
The economy is based on modest commerce, public employment, cattle raising, and agriculture.  The cattle herd had 12,000 head in 2006 while the main agricultural products were rice, corn, manioc, and a modest production of bananas.

Number of industrial establishments: 0 (2007)
Number of retail establishments: 13
Banking establishments: none
Automobiles:  104 (2007)

Agricultural data 2006
Number of Farms:  141
Total area:  10,235 ha.
Area of permanent crops: 10 (bananas)
Area of perennial crops: 643 (rice, corn, manioc)
Area of natural pasture:  7,622 ha. 
Area of woodland and forests:  1,545 ha. 
Persons dependent on farming:  256
Farms with tractors: 18
Number of tractors:  28
Cattle herd:  12,000 head IBGE

Education, health, and quality of life
There were 2 schools in activity with 645 students.  The literacy rate was 82.6% in 2000.  In the health sector there were no hospitals and 1 walk-in health clinic (2005).  The infant mortality rate was 27.68 (in 1,000 live births)

Jesúpolis ranked 0.721 on the Municipal Human Development Index, placing it 170 (out of 242 municipalities in 2000)in the state and 2,606 (out of 5,507 municipalities in 2000) in the country.  All data are from 2000.  For the complete list see Frigoletto

References

Frigoletto

Municipalities in Goiás
Tattoo (disambiguation)

A tattoo is a marking made by the insertion of indelible ink into the skin.

Tattoo may also refer to:

Print media
Tattoo (comics), fictional mutant character in the Marvel Comics Universe
"Tattoo" (poem), a poem from Wallace Stevens' first book of poetry, Harmonium
"Tattoo" (short story), a 1996 short story by Matthew Condon

Film and TV

Film
 Tattoo (1967 film), a 1967 West German film directed by Johannes Schaaf
 Tattoo (1981 film), a 1981 American thriller directed by Bob Brooks, starring Bruce Dern
 Tattoo (2002 film), a 2002 German film directed by Robert Schwentke
 Tattoo, a 2011 short film directed by Bill Paxton
 Tattoo (2014 film), a 2014 Italian short film

Television
Tattoo (character), portrayed by Hervé Villechaize on the TV series Fantasy Island
Tattoo (Prison Break), the elaborate tattoo detailing the escape plan, which belongs to the protagonist of television series, Prison Break
"Tattoo" (Star Trek: Voyager), the 24th episode of Star Trek: Voyager

Music

Albums
Tattoo (David Allan Coe album), 1977
Tattoo (Rory Gallagher album), 1973
Tattoos (album), by Jason Derulo, 2013

Songs
"Tattoo" (The Who song), 1967
"Tattoo" (Big Mother Thruster song), 2001
"Tattoo" (Jordin Sparks song), 2007
"Tattoo" (Loreen song), which won the Eurovision Song Contest 2023
"Tattoo" (Mike Oldfield instrumental), 1992
"Tattoo" (Van Halen song), 2012
"Tattoo" (Hunter Hayes song), 2014
"Tattoo" (Siouxsie and the Banshees song), 1983
"Tattoo", a 1989 song by Faster Pussycat from the album Wake Me When It's Over
"Tattoo", a 1995 song by Gang of Four from the album Shrinkwrapped
"Tattoo", a 1993 song by Janis Ian from the album Breaking Silence
"Tattoo", a 2011 song by Taio Cruz from his album TY.O
"Tattoos", a 2015 song by Caravan Palace from the album <|°_°|>
"Tattoo", a 2019 song by Rammstein from their untitled album

Military
Tattoo (bugle call)
Military tattoo, military drum performance or display
Heartland International Tattoo, an indoor arena performance in Hoffman Estates, Illinois
Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo, a series of military tattoos held every August in Edinburgh, Scotland
Royal International Air Tattoo, a British airshow
Royal Nova Scotia International Tattoo, a large indoor show in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia
Virginia International Tattoo, an annual exhibition held in Norfolk, Virginia
HMS Tattoo (J374), minesweeper
HMAS Tattoo, S-class destroyer

Technology
HTC Tattoo, a phone manufactured by HTC Corporation
Tattoo, locomotive design of Kerr, Stuart and Company
Globe Tattoo, a mobile broadband brand by Globe Telecom as a competitor to Smart Bro

Other uses
Tattoo, rum product by Captain Morgan
Tattoo, an archaic name for the Indian Country-bred pony
Chaudiere-Appalaches Junior AA Hockey League

The Chaudiere-Appalaches Junior AA Hockey League is a junior ice hockey league in the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The league is sanctioned by Hockey Quebec and Hockey Canada.  Its champion competes each Spring for the Coupe Dodge.

History
The CAJAAHL is based in the Chaudière-Appalaches area of Quebec.

The CAJAAHL was formerly known as the Beauce-Bellechase Junior AA League, but changed its name around 2007.  At one point the league was known as the Beauce-Frontenac League.

Teams

Champions
Bolded denotes winner of Coupe Dodge as provincial champions.

2006 Levis Levy Honda
2007 Bellechasse Senateurs
2008 Bellechasse Senateurs
2009 St-Georges Cléri Sport
2010 Bellechasse Senateurs
2011 Levis Levy Honda
2012 Levis Levy Honda
2013 Ste-Marie Beaucerons
2014 Bellechasse Lafontaine
2015 Bellechasse Lafontaine
2016 Levis Levy Honda
2017 Bellechasse Lafontaine
2018 Bellechasse Lafontaine
2019 Bellechasse Lafontaine
2022 Lotbinière Model

External links
CAJAAHL website
Coupe Dodge website

B
B
Hockey Quebec
Gameleira de Goiás

Gameleira de Goiás is a municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil.  The population in 2020 was 3,880 in a total area of 595 square kilometers.

Geographical Information
The distance to the state capital, Goiânia, is 99 km.  Highway connections from Goiânia are made by BR-457 / GO-010 / Bonfinópolis / Leopoldo de Bulhões / Silvânia / GO-437. (18 km unpaved).

Gameleira has municipal boundaries with Silvânia, Abadiânia, and Anápolis.

Political Data
Eligible voters: 2,399 (December 2007) 
Mayor: José Denisson de Sousa (January 2005)
Vice-mayor: Marizete Coelho Borges
Councilmembers: 09

Demographics
Population density in 2007: 5.52 inhabitants/km2 
Population growth rate 1996/2007: n/a
Total population in 2007: 3,289
Total population in 1980: n/a
Urban population in 2007: 1,005
Rural population in 2007: 2,284

The Economy
The main economic activities are livestock raising, agriculture, and services.

Economic Data
Industrial units: 02 (June/2007)
Retail units: 25 (August/2007)
Banking institutions: none (2007)
Motor vehicles: 156 automobiles and 153 pickup trucks. (IBGE 2007)
Number of inhabitants per motor vehicle:  10.6
Agriculture

Agriculture is based on cattle raising and growing of corn, sugarcane, rice, and soybeans.

In 2004 the cattle herd was 20,250 head, of which 6,000 were milking cows.  The main agricultural products in planted area were soybeans (25,000 hectares), corn (1,200 hectares), beans, sorghum, tomatoes, and citrus fruits. 
Number of farms, total area and workers: 529 on 61,520 ha. with 1,300 workers.
Land distribution: 32,000 ha. were planted in permanent or perennial crops and 19,511 ha. were natural pasture.  91 farms had a total of 222 tractors (2006).

Education and Health
Literacy rate: n/a
Infant mortality rate: n/a
Schools: 03 (2006)
Students: 833
Hospitals: 0 (July 2003)
Hospital beds: 0
Walk-in public health clinics: 01

See also 
 List of municipalities in Goiás
Microregions of Goiás

References

Frigoletto

Municipalities in Goiás