alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
3GL

3GL may refer to:

 95.5 K-Rock, a Geelong, Victoria radio station, formerly known as 3GL
 Third-generation programming language
 Metal Storm 3GL, a semi-automatic electronic grenade launcher for infantry
Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area

Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area (, ACAHN), is an administrative area which is managed by SINAC for the purposes of conservation in the northern part of Costa Rica. It contains a national park, a forest reserve and number of wildlife refuges.

Protected areas
Arenal Volcano National Park
Arenal Volcano Emergency Forest Reserve
Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge
Border Corridor Wildlife Refuge
Juan Castro Blanco National Park
Laguna Las Camelias Wildlife Refuge
Maquenque National Wildlife Refuge

References

External links 
 

Conservation Areas of Costa Rica
Cefn-y-Bedd railway station

Cefn-y-bedd railway station serves the village of Cefn-y-bedd in Flintshire, Wales. The station is  north of Wrexham Central on the Borderlands Line. It was opened in 1866 by the Wrexham, Mold and Connah's Quay Railway, which later became part of the Great Central Railway system.

History
The station used to have a 14-lever signal box to the north of the Bidston-bound platform, and a goods yard adjacent to the western side of the station. The signal box was in use until 1945 and the goods yard closed on 14 May 1964. The station became unstaffed in 1969, but the main building on the northbound side has survived and is now privately owned. The brick shelter on the southbound side is one of only two still standing of that particular design (the other being at nearby ).

Facilities
The station is an unstaffed halt with basic amenities only (CIS screens, waiting shelters and timetable poster boards on each platform). Step-free access is available to both sides, though the platform ramps are steep and the only means of access to platform 2 is via a barrow crossing (which should be used with care).

Services
The station sees an hourly service on weekdays (two-hourly in the evening and on bank holidays) southbound to Wrexham Central and northbound to Bidston for connections to Birkenhead and Liverpool via the Wirral Lines.

On Sundays there is a train every 90 minutes each way. Services for  and beyond can be caught by changing at Wrexham General.

Gallery

References

Sources

External links

Railway stations in Flintshire
DfT Category F2 stations
Former Great Central Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1866
Railway stations served by Transport for Wales Rail
1866 establishments in Wales
Chorlton Park (ward)

Chorlton Park is an area and electoral ward of Manchester, England. Different parts of this ward are represented by different MPs following boundary changes in 2018; the majority of the ward is part of the Manchester Withington constituency but a portion is part of the Manchester Gorton constituency. The 2011 Census recorded a population of 15,147.

Councillors 
Three councillors serve the ward: Dave Rawson (Lab), Mandie Shilton Godwin (Lab Co-op), and Joanna Midgley (Lab).

 indicates seat up for re-election.

Elections in 2020s 
* denotes incumbent councillor seeking re-election.

May 2021

Elections in 2010s

May 2019

May 2018

May 2016

May 2015

May 2014

May 2012

May 2011

May 2010

Elections in 2000s

References 

Areas of Manchester
Manchester City Council Wards
Vincent Wigglesworth

Sir Vincent Brian Wigglesworth CBE FRS (17 April 1899 – 11 February 1994) was a British entomologist who made significant contributions to the field of insect physiology. He established the field in a textbook which was updated in a number of editions.

In particular, he studied metamorphosis. His most significant contribution was the discovery that neurosecretory cells in the brain of the South American kissing bug, Rhodnius prolixus, secrete a crucial hormone that triggers the prothoracic gland to release prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), which regulates the process of metamorphosis. This was the first experimental confirmation of the function of neurosecretory cells. He went on to discover another hormone, called the juvenile hormone, which prevented the development of adult characteristics in R. prolixus until the insect had reached the appropriate larval stage. Wigglesworth was able to distort the developmental phases of the insect by controlling levels of this hormone. From these observations, Wigglesworth was able to develop a coherent theory of how an insect's genome can selectively activate hormones which determine its development and morphology.

Personal life
Wigglesworth served in the Royal Field Artillery in France in World War I. He received his degree from the University of Cambridge and lectured at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the University of London, and finally at the University of Cambridge.
  
He was named Quick Professor of Biology at the University of Cambridge in 1952, appointed CBE in 1951, and knighted in 1964.

Wigglesworth was President of the Royal Entomological Society from 1963 to 1964 and the Association of Applied Biologists from 1966 to 1967. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960, the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1971, and the American Philosophical Society in 1982.

He married Mable K Semple in St Albans in 1922. They had four children.

The bacterium Wigglesworthia glossinidia, which lives in the gut of the tsetse fly, is named for him.

Works

Books
 Insect physiology

References

External links
 Beament, James. Obituary: Professor Sir Vincent Wigglesworth, The Independent on Sunday, 1994-02-16
 The Papers of Sir Vincent Wigglesworth held at Churchill Archives Centre

1899 births
1994 deaths
Frink Medal winners
Royal Medal winners
Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
Knights Bachelor
British entomologists
Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society
Fellows of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Royal Field Artillery officers
British Army personnel of World War I
Quick Professors of Biology
Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
Academics of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
20th-century British zoologists

Members of the American Philosophical Society
Presidents of the Association of Applied Biologists
Presidents of the Royal Entomological Society
Urra

Urra may refer to:

 Urra Moor, a moor in North Yorkshire, England
 Urra (antiquity), a city in ancient Babylonia; see Geography of Mesopotamia
 Urra, a parish (freguesia) in the district of Portalegre in Portugal 
 Urra Dam, in Colombia
 Urrá, the company that built the dam

See also
 Urras, a fictional world in The Dispossessed by Ursula K. Le Guin
 Oorah, a battle cry
Madison Opera

Madison Opera is a regional opera company based in Madison, Wisconsin.  It was founded in 1961 as an extension of the Madison Symphony Orchestra and came to national prominence in 1993 with the commissioning and premiering of Shining Brow, the opera about Frank Lloyd Wright by composer Daron Hagen and librettist Paul Muldoon.

The general director is Kathryn Smith and the artistic director is John DeMain. The company performs two major operas a year at Madison's Overture Hall, one smaller production in the Overture's Playhouse, and a free summer concert, Opera in the Park. It also offers the Opera Up Close series of preview lectures, which are later made available on the City of Madison's website.

References

External links
Madison Opera website
Opera Up Close

Companies based in Madison, Wisconsin
Musical groups established in 1961
Musical groups from Wisconsin
American opera companies
Performing arts in Wisconsin
1961 establishments in Wisconsin
Jamestown High School

Jamestown High School is the name of several high schools in the United States.

Jamestown High School (New York) of Jamestown, New York
Jamestown High School (North Dakota) of Jamestown, North Dakota
Jamestown High School (Virginia) of Williamsburg, Virginia
Angada

Angada (Sanskrit: अङ्गदः, IAST: Aṅgada) is a legendary vanara in Hinduism. He helps Rama find his wife Sita and fight her abductor, Ravana, in the epic Ramayana. He is the prince of Kishkindha, and is later crowned as the kingdom's monarch.

Legend 
Angada is a son of the powerful vanara king Vali, and his wife Tara. He is the nephew of Sugriva. After Rama and Sugriva kill his father, Angada joins Rama's forces to rescue Sita from Ravana's captivity.

Angada and Tara are instrumental in reconciling Rama and his brother, Lakshmana, with Sugriva, after the king fails to fulfill his promise to help Rama find and rescue his wife. Together, they are able to convince Sugriva to honour his pledge to Rama, instead of spending his time carousing and drinking. Sugriva then arranges for vanaras to help Rama and organises the monkey army that will battle Ravana's demonic host. Angada leads the particular search party, which consists of Hanuman and Jambavanta and is able to find Sita, Rama's wife.

A legend goes by that no one could move Angada's leg. Just before the war, Rama sends Angada to Ravana's court as a peace messenger to give him one last chance to send Sita back to him and stop the war. Angada travels to Ravana's court, and issues him a last warning but Ravana retorts by stating that his father, Vali, is his friend. Angada, however, rejects Ravana's stance, and retorts by saying that there was nothing as divine as serving Rama, and then proceeds to mock Ravana for his foolishness and pride, in front of the entire court. He challenges the present courtiers to move his leg, upon which he promises that he would retreat from the island, forgetting about rescuing Sita. Almost all courtiers take turns to move his leg, but fail to even give it a budge. Even Indrajita, the most powerful son of Ravana, is unable to move the leg. Seeing Indrajita defeated, Ravana rises in fury, and proceeds to accept the challenge, upon which Angada moves his leg out of the way, and Ravana's crown falls off.  When the king reaches for his crown, Angada rhetorically wonders why Ravana wishes to touch his leg, and that touching the feet of Rama would be much more fruitful instead. He hurls the crown with such force that it is supposed to have landed at Rama's feet. The prince flies away before Ravana could seize him. Rama is pleased by this act of Angada.

In the Battle of Lanka that ensues, Angada slays many great warriors from Lanka, including, Ravana's son Narantaka, and the chief general of Ravana's army, Mahaparshva.

Angada marries the eldest daughter of the vanara Mainda, and has a son, Dhruva.

When his uncle Sugriva decides to retire from the earth and return to his father, Surya, he crowns Angada as the next king of Kishkindha, and of the vanaras.

References

External links
http://mythfolklore.net/india/encyclopedia/angada.htm

Vanara in the Ramayana
Characters in the Ramayana
Angela Alupei

Angela Alupei ( Tamaș, born 1 May 1972) is a Romanian Olympic rower, born in Bacău, Romania. She has been rowing since she was 17 years of age. When not competing, she is a police officer.

She, and her partner Constanța Burcică took the gold medal, at the 2000 and 2004 Olympic Games in the women's lightweight double sculls event. They also took first place at the Rowing World Cup twice in 2000, in Vienna, Austria and in Lucerne, Switzerland, and second place at the 2004 World Cup in Lucerne.

Achievements
 2000 Summer Olympics – Gold medal, Women's Lwt Double Sculls
 2004 Summer Olympics – Gold medal, Women's Lwt Double Sculls

References

External links
 
 
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Olympic gold medalists for Romania
Olympic rowers for Romania
Sportspeople from Bacău
Romanian police officers
Romanian female rowers
Rowers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in rowing
Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
21st-century Romanian civil servants
21st-century Romanian women
2GL

2GL may refer to:
 Second-generation programming language, a form of computer language
 2GL (Radio), a radio station in Australia
Koral, Pakistan

Koral is a village and Union Council (an administrative subdivision) located in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan.

History

The Union Council Koral was created following the establishment of Islamabad District in 1979. Prior to this the village Koral was part of Union Council Chaklala which was part of Rawalpindi District.

After the establishment of Koral Union Council it gained villages from Kirpa Union Council, and in 1986 some more villages were included in Union Council Koral.

Development
Union Council Koral is the biggest union council of Pakistan and the most developed union council of District Islamabad.

Geography
Union Council Koral is about 15 km from Islamabad city, on left side of Islamabad Highway. Union Council Sihala is on its eastern side, Kirpa and Tarlai Union Councils on its western side, Kahuta (Tehsil) to the north, and Rawalpindi District to the south.

Area and population
Union Council Koral is spread over an area of . Its total population according to the 1998 census is 24,008.

List of chairmen
Raja Said was chairman from 1979 until his death in 1993. After his death, his vice chairman, Raja Ishiq Hussian, became acting chairman until the dissolution of local bodies in 1993. From 1993 to onwards, Koral has been administered by district administration officers.

List of vice chairman
 Malik Hasan Akhter (Java Lohi Bhair)
 Raja Mushtaq Husaain (late) (Bhimber Tarar)
 Raja Walayat (Bhimber Tarar)
 Raja Ashiq Hussain (Dhaliala)
Ikhlaq hussain Raja (Huran Mera)

List of administrators
 Raja Abdul Hameed (ADLG)Dhoke Raja Muhammad khan
 JAWAD PAUL (AC Rural)
 Joudat Ayaz (AC Rural)
 Malik Muhammad Afsar (Magistrate Rural)
 Amir Ali Ahmed (AC Rural, Now ADCG Islamabad)
 Saeed Ramzan (AC City& Saddar)
 Dr Ehtasham Anwer Mahar (AC UT, AC City &AC Rural)
 Zaid Bin Maqsood  (AC R)
 Nadir Chatha      (AC R)
 MS Asia Gul       (AC R)
  Ms Naila Baqir   (director excise)

References

Union councils of Islamabad Capital Territory
Challenger Point

Challenger Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The  fourteener is located  east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The summit is on the northwest shoulder of Kit Carson Mountain, and is a subpeak of the latter. It was renamed in memory of the seven astronauts who died when the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated shortly after liftoff on January 28, 1986.

The Memorial
The proposal to name the summit Challenger Point was made by Colorado Springs resident Dennis Williams in 1986. The USGS Board of Geographic Names approved the application on April 9, 1987.

Local climber Alan Silverstein organized and led an expedition on the weekend of July 18, 1987 to place a  memorial plaque on the summit.The plaque reads:

CHALLENGER POINT, 14080+'
In Memory of the Crew of Shuttle Challenger
Seven who died accepting the risk,
expanding Mankind's horizons
January 28, 1986  Ad Astra Per Aspera

The Latin phrase "Ad Astra Per Aspera" translates as "To the stars through adversity."

Climbing
Trailhead: Willow Creek Trailhead,

See also

Columbia Point
List of mountain peaks of Colorado
List of Colorado fourteeners

References

External links

 

Mountains of Colorado
Mountains of Saguache County, Colorado
Rio Grande National Forest
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
Fourteeners of Colorado
North American 4000 m summits
Juan Castro Blanco National Park

Juan Castro Blanco National Park is a National Park, part of the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, in the northern part of Costa Rica.

Location 

Located about 100 km north of San José, to the east of Ciudad Quesada in Alajuela Province.

Geography 

It contains the active Platanar Volcano, the dormant Porvenir Volcano, and the inactive El Viejo Volcano. It was created in 1992 and covers an area of both rain and cloud forest.

The reserve contains the sources of the Aguas Zarcas, Platanar, Tora, Tres Amigos and La Vieja rivers.

Lake Pozo Verde is located within the park.

Flora and fauna 

The park contains a wide variety of orchids and birds as well as natural hot springs. At least 57 species of mammal recorded in the reserve and include jaguar, tapir, ocelots, sloths, howler monkeys,  red brocket deer and at least 22 species of bats. Over 233 species of birds, resident and migratory have been recorded including the national bird of Costa Rica the clay-coloured Thrush. Endangered species found on the park include the  Resplendent quetzal,  Great curassow, red brocket deer, and Black Guan.

Visitor facilities 

There is an extensive trail system that winds through the park and offers visitors the chance to see an array of plants and animals. Aside from the trail system, however, there are not any public facilities at the park.

References

External links 
 Juan Castro Blanco National Park at Costa Rica National Parks

National parks of Costa Rica
Protected areas established in 1992
Geography of Alajuela Province
Tourist attractions in Alajuela Province
Gwersyllt railway station

Gwersyllt railway station serves the area of Gwersyllt in the city of Wrexham in North Wales. It is one of five stations  in the Wrexham County Borough.

The station is 3.5 km (2¼ miles) north of Wrexham Central on the Borderlands Line and was opened in 1866. The station used to have a signal box at the northern end of the Bidston-bound platform. A short distance to the south a goods-only branch line (part of the North Wales Mineral Railway network, to Brymbo) crossed the route and the abutments of the bridge it utilised still survive (along with a dip in the track formation). One of the line's main engineering features, the five arch stone viaduct over the River Cegidog is situated on this stretch of the line, but to the north of the station.

Facilities
The station is unstaffed and has no ticket provision (these must be bought on the train or prior to travel). Amenities provided here are limited to waiting shelters (there being no other permanent structures left here), CIS displays and timetable poster boards. There is a car park behind the northbound platform, which adjoins that belonging to a local supermarket. Level access can be had from there to both platforms, though the southbound one requires the use of a barrow crossing. Access is also possible to both platforms from the road bridge at the south end, though this has steps on both sides.

Services
Weekdays (daytime) the line is served by two units, providing an hourly service each way (southbound to Wrexham Central and northbound to Bidston). After 18:45 (and all day on bank holidays) the service is provided by one unit, giving one train in each direction every two hours.

On Sundays the service is roughly every 90 minutes.

There is a connection at Bidston for onward travel for stations to  via the Wirral Line and at Wrexham General for stations to  and beyond and for Chester.

Gallery

References

Sources

External links

Railway stations in Wrexham County Borough
DfT Category F2 stations
Former Great Central Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1886
Railway stations served by Transport for Wales Rail
Richard Rich (filmmaker)

Richard James Rich is an American director, producer, and screenwriter. Rich is founder and owner of Crest Animation Productions.
Rich started his career in the mailroom of the Walt Disney Studios in 1972 and would give piano lessons during lunch breaks. He was chosen by John Lounsbery to be an assistant director for Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too based on his musical expertise. He made his directorial debut on The Fox and the Hound.

After leaving Disney in 1986, Rich established Rich Animation Studios, later renamed RichCrest. He directed The Swan Princess in 1994 and its ten sequels.

Besides feature films, Rich has produced direct-to-video series such as Animated Stories from the New Testament, Animated Stories from the Bible, Animated Stories from the Book of Mormon,  Animated Hero Classics, and K10C: Kids' Ten Commandments.
His more recent credits include acting as producer on the computer-animated comedy drama film Alpha and Omega and as the director/producer of its sequels.

Filmography

See also
 Don Bluth

References

External links
 

Living people
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
American film directors
American film producers
American animators
American animated film directors
American animated film producers
Animation screenwriters
Walt Disney Animation Studios people
Latter Day Saints from California
Latter Day Saints from Utah
Year of birth missing (living people)
John of Austria (disambiguation)

John of Austria may refer to:

People
 John of Austria (1547–1578), Spanish military leader, illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
 John Joseph of Austria (1629–1679), Spanish general and political figure, illegitimate son of Philip IV of Spain
 Archduke John of Austria (1782–1859), thirteenth child of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
 Vimaladharmasuriya I of Kandy (reigned 1592–1604), baptized by the Portuguese as Don João da Austria

Other
 Don John of Austria (opera), by Isaac Nathan (1791–1864)
 John of Austria (Messina), a monument in Messina, Sicily
Stiftelsen Sverige i Europa

Stiftelsen Sverige i Europa ("Sweden in Europe") was the main campaign organisation on the yes side in the 2003 referendum on the euro. Sweden in Europe involved all political groups supporting the euro, including Social Democrats, in the campaign and published leaflets arguing for the euro from a left-wing point of view. Most of its funding came from the business organisation the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise.

Ulf Dinkelspiel, its chairman, was a Moderate Minister in the government of Carl Bildt between 1991 and 1994 and during the campaign former Moderate Youth League chairman Thomas Idergaard was its Chief Executive.

It has recently been restarted to activate supporters of further European integration.

External links
Official website

Political organizations based in Sweden
Sweden and the European Union
Political campaigns
Danish Union of Teachers

The Danish Union of Teachers ( or DLF) is a trade union in Denmark.

The union represents 97% of all primary and lower secondary teachers, and in 2005 it had a membership of 85,000.

The union was founded in 1874.  In 1952, it affiliated to the Confederation of Professionals in Denmark, and since 2019, it has been affiliated to its successor, the Danish Trade Union Confederation.  It is also affiliated to Education International.

References

External links

FTF – Confederation of Professionals in Denmark
Education International
Education trade unions
Trade unions in Denmark
Trade unions established in 1874
Bob Thomas Equestrian Center

The Bob Thomas Equestrian Center is an equestrian center located on the Florida State Fairgrounds in East Lake-Orient Park, Florida.

The center "includes exercise grounds, warm-up rings, two show rings, and a grand prix ring." In addition, the center has a "9,000 square foot indoor pavilion" that "can accommodate exhibitor banquet and festival seating overlooking the show rings, all in a climate-controlled environment." There's also 471 permanent stalls in five barns, plus plenty of parking and a full-service restaurant.

Bob Thomas and his friend Olin Mott raised the money to build the facility.

See also
Florida State Fair

External links
Bob Thomas Equestrian Center- official site.

Florida culture
Sports venues in Tampa, Florida
Florida State Fair
Israel Sieff, Baron Sieff

Israel Moses Sieff, Baron Sieff (4 May 1889 – 14 February 1972) was an English businessman and Zionist who was chairman of the British retailer Marks & Spencer from 1964 to 1967.

Early life and education

He was born in Manchester, the son of Ephraim Sieff and Sarah Saffer. His father, an immigrant from Lithuania, founded a prosperous textile business in Manchester. He was educated at Manchester Grammar School alongside Simon Marks, son of Marks & Spencer co-founder Michael Marks. For 63 years, he and Marks shared a close friendship that was cemented when each married the other's sister. He earned a degree in commerce at the University of Manchester.

Sieff joined Simon Marks in Marks & Spencer in 1915 while also maintaining an interest in the Sieff family business. In 1926, when Marks & Spencer became a public company, Sieff joined Simon Marks full-time as vice-chairman and joint managing director. In the early 1930s, Sieff went to the United States and spent several weeks in the merchandise development of Sears to gain practical knowledge to improve the company.

When Simon Marks died in December 1964, Sieff became the chairman and joint managing director of the company.  On 18 January 1966, he was created a life peer as Baron Sieff, of Brimpton in the Royal County of Berkshire.

Following Lord Sieff's death, The Times recalled Sieff's approach to business:

In 1918, Sieff was a member of the Zionist Commission which visited Palestine under the leadership of Chaim Weizmann.

Sieff was president of the Political and Economic Planning think-tank from its foundation in 1931 and its chairman until 1939.

Marriage and family

In 1910, he married Rebecca Marks . His wife was the President of WIZO for most of her life. They had three sons and a daughter:

Hon. Michael David Sieff  (1911–1987)
Marcus Sieff, Baron Sieff of Brimpton  (1913–2001) 
Daniel Sieff (1915–1932)
Judith Hannah Sieff (1921–1999)

The death of their son Daniel, who intended to be a scientist, at age 17 led Sieff — and with the financial support of his business partners and relatives by marriage, the Marks and Sacher families — to endow the 1934 creation, by Chaim Weizmann, of the Daniel Sieff Research Institute in Rehovot in present-day Israel. Renamed the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1949 with the Sieff family's consent, it is Israel's premier research university in the natural sciences.

Sieff was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium and his ashes were placed next to those of Simon Marks.

Arms

References

1889 births
1972 deaths
Businesspeople from Manchester
People educated at Manchester Grammar School
Alumni of the University of Manchester
English businesspeople in retailing
Conservative Party (UK) life peers
English Jews
English people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
Life peers
Israel David
Jewish British politicians
20th-century English businesspeople
Life peers created by Elizabeth II
Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge

Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge is a Wildlife refuge, part of the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, in the northern part of Costa Rica twenty kilometers south of Los Chiles near the border with Nicaragua in the Alajuela province. The refuge is a wetlands site that is home to many migratory waterfowl during part of the year, centered on Lake Caño Negro which is fed by the Frío River during the rainy season.

Access 
Main access road is Route 138 which connects Route 4 and Route 35.

Facilities
There are no public facilities at the refuge, and the area can be explored only by boat, for which there is a dock as well as tourist facilities at the town of Caño Negro.

Wildlife

The forests, grasslands and marshes of the area provide shelter for various endangered species such as cougars, jaguars, tapirs, ocelots, peccary and several species of monkey (Panamanian white-faced capuchin, mantled howler and Geoffroy's spider monkey), as well as many others. In the dry season the river is reduced to little lagoons, channels and beaches which gives home to thousands of migratory birds of many species such as storks, spoonbills, ibis, anhingas, ducks and cormorants.

References

External links
 Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge at Costa Rica National Parks

Nature reserves in Costa Rica
Biosphere reserves of Costa Rica
Ramsar sites in Costa Rica
Geography of Alajuela Province
Protected areas established in 1991
1991 establishments in Costa Rica
Tree preservation order

A tree preservation order (TPO) is a part of town and country planning in the United Kingdom. A TPO is made by a local planning authority (usually a local council) to protect specific trees or a particular area, group or woodland from deliberate damage and destruction if those trees are important for the amenity of the area. In Scotland TPOs can also be used to protect trees of historic or cultural significance. TPOs make the felling, lopping, topping, uprooting or otherwise willful damaging of trees without the permission of the local planning authority a legal offence, although different TPOs have different degrees of protection.

They can be made very quickly and in practice it is normal for a council to make an emergency TPO in less than a day in cases of immediate danger to trees.

Legal basis

TPOs were originally introduced in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947 and the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1947. Some TPOs therefore may be over 70 years old, and still valid. Current tree preservation orders in England and Wales are made under the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 and the Town and Country Planning (Tree Preservation) (England) Regulations 2012.

In Scotland, similar provision is made under the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 (amended by the Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006) and the Town and Country Planning (Tree Preservation Order and Trees in Conservation Areas (Scotland) Regulations 2010. Near equivalent legislation in Northern Ireland is the Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011. At 2019 the Welsh assembly is proposing separate Welsh legislation.

Exemptions
The following works normally do not require permission under any TPO:

 Works approved by the Forestry Commission under a felling licence or other approved scheme. 
 Felling or working on a dead or dangerous tree. The onus is on the person who authorises the work to prove that the tree was dead or dangerous — this can cause problems if the tree is felled and removed, as then there is no proof of its condition. Normally this requirement is fulfilled by obtaining a report by a qualified person made before the works are done. 
 Where there is an obligation under an Act of Parliament (for example, to maintain a public highway). 
 Works at the request of certain agencies or organisations which are specified in the order. 
 Works where there is a direct need to work on the tree to allow development for which detailed planning permission has been obtained. 
 Works to fruit trees cultivated in the course of a business for fruit production, as long as the tree work is in the interests of that business. This means that fruit trees are not automatically exempt unless they are actively being used for a business. 
 Works to prevent or remove (abate) a nuisance (in the legal sense only).

See also
Town and country planning in the United Kingdom

References

External links
Tree Preservation Orders and trees in conservation areas (Government publication)
RHS Short Guide

Sources
 Naturenet

Forest law
Town and country planning in the United Kingdom
Border Corridor Wildlife Refuge

Border Corridor Wildlife Refuge () is a wildlife refuge, running through Guanacaste, Arenal Huetar Norte and Tortuguero Conservation Areas, in the northern part of Costa Rica running as a 2,000 metre wide strip of land along the border with Nicaragua. 

It was created in 1994 by decree 22962-MIRENEM, and there are no public facilities specifically for this refuge. The refuge contains a number of research programs of varying disciplines.

This refuge is partially disturbed but includes beaches, dry forests, wetlands, moist forests and coastal lagoons.

See also
 Korean Demilitarized Zone, for the efforts for a similar border corridor wildlife refuge.

References

Nature reserves in Costa Rica
Geography of Guanacaste Province
Bromocresol green

Bromocresol green (BCG) is a dye of the triphenylmethane family (triarylmethane dyes). It belongs to a class of dyes called sulfonephthaleins. It is used as a pH indicator in applications such as growth mediums for microorganisms and titrations. In clinical practise, it is commonly used as a diagnostic technique. The most common use of bromocresol green is to measure serum albumin concentration within mammalian blood samples in possible cases of kidney failure and liver disease. In chemistry, bromocresol green is used in Thin-layer chromatography staining solutions to visualize acidic compounds.

Properties
In aqueous solution, bromocresol green will ionize to give the monoanionic form (yellow), that further deprotonates at higher pH to give the dianionic form (blue), which is stabilized by resonance:

The acid dissociation constant (pKa) of this reaction is 4.8. Tap water is sufficiently basic to give a solution of bromocresol green its characteristic blue-green color.

The acid and basic forms of this dye have an isosbestic point in their UV-Visible spectrum, around 515 nm, indicate that the two forms interconvert directly without forming any other substance.

An ethanol solution (0.04 wt%) of bromocresol green has been proposed for TLC staining and is suitable for visualisation of the compounds with functional groups whose pKa is below 5.0 (carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, etc.). These appear as yellow spots on a light or dark blue background; no heating is necessary. Bromophenol blue solution can be used for the same purpose.

The compound is synthesized by bromination of cresol purple (m-cresolsulfonphthalein).

Uses
It is used as a pH indicator and as a tracking dye for DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. It can be used in its free acid form (light brown solid), or as a sodium salt (dark green solid). It is also an inhibitor of the prostaglandin E2 transport protein. Additional applications include use in sol-gel matrices, the detection of ammonia, and the measurement of albumin in human plasma and serum.

Safety
Bromocresol green may cause irritation. Skin and eye contact should be avoided.

References

PH indicators
Triarylmethane dyes
Phenol dyes
Bromoarenes
Benzoxathioles
Johnny Bonnel

Johnny "Peebucks" Bonnel (born August 7, 1967) is the lead singer and a songwriter of the punk rock band Swingin' Utters and the alternative punk rock band Filthy Thievin' Bastards. His new project is called Druglords of the Avenues.

His nickname, Johnny Peebucks, came from an incident at a party where he became so inebriated that he lost control of his bladder. He later went to Taco Bell with some friends, and paid for his food using wet dollar bills. After the cashier inquired as to whether Johnny had just been swimming, he replied "No, I pissed my pants." The nickname came from the composite of the slang words pee and bucks, colloquialisms for urination and money respectively.

References

1967 births
Living people
American male singers
American punk rock singers
Filthy Thieving Bastards members
Swingin' Utters members
2003 St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council election

The 2003 St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 1 May 2003 to elect members of St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council in Merseyside, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour Party stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was:
Labour 33
Liberal Democrats 15
Conservative 6

Background
Four councillors stood down at the election, Michael Blaney, Patricia Martinez-Williams, John Mealor and Bill Noctor, from Marshalls Cross, Windle, Haydock and West Sutton wards respectively. In Marshalls Cross two seats were contested in 2003, after the death of councillor Valerie Beirne in 2002.

Both the Labour and Liberal Democrat parties contested all 19 seats that were up for election, while the Conservatives had 18 candidates and there was 1 Socialist Alliance and 1 independent candidate. The Conservatives targeted gaining a seat in Windle, where the party had taken a seat from Labour for the last two election, while the Liberal Democrats aimed to make progress in Grange Park and Haydock wards.

For the 2003 election St Helens had a trial of all postal voting across the whole council in an attempt to double the 26% turnout at the last election in 2002. By the 29 April 2003 turnout had reached an average of 42% across the council, with the final turnout being 48% and with a high of 57% in Eccleston.

Election result
Labour retained control of the council with 33 councillors after gaining one seat from Socialist Labour, but losing one to the Conservatives. The Labour gain came in Grange Park ward, while the Conservatives took an extra seat in Windle. This meant the Liberal Democrats remained on 15 seats, while the Conservative gain took them to 6 councillors.

Ward results

References

Saint Helens
2003
2000s in Merseyside
May 2003 events in the United Kingdom
George P. Wilbur

George Peter Wilbur (March 6, 1941 – February 1, 2023) was an American actor and professional stuntman, best known for playing Michael Myers in both Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers and Halloween 6: The Curse of Michael Myers.

Early life 
George Peter Wilbur was born in Connecticut and served in the United States Navy. He worked as a wrangler on a ranch in Tucson, Arizona, where he worked as an extra in the 1966 film El Dorado and was recruited as a stand-in performer for John Wayne. Wilbur later moved to California, where he worked as an extra and stunt double.

Career
Wilbur played Michael Myers in Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers and Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers. He was credited as a stunt player in Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers, another Halloween sequel, although not in the role of Michael Myers as actor and stuntman Don Shanks played the role. His career as a stuntman lasted for 40 years and involved over 100 television and film projects. He was a member of the Hollywood Stuntmen's Hall of Fame.

Death
George P. Wilbur died on February 1, 2023, at the age of 81.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

References

External links

1941 births
2023 deaths
American male film actors
American stunt performers
20th-century American male actors
Male actors from Connecticut
Military personnel from Connecticut
Arenal Volcano Emergency Forest Reserve

Arenal Volcano Emergency Forest Reserve is a Forest Reserve, part of the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, in the northern part of Costa Rica in the emergency zone of the Arenal Volcano. It was created in 1972 covering an area of forest, and there are no public facilities at the reserve.

References

External links 
 Arenal Volcano Emergency Forest Reserve at Costa Rica National Parks

Nature reserves in Costa Rica
Geography of Alajuela Province
Forests of Costa Rica
Forest reserves
Selective enforcement

In law, selective enforcement occurs when government officials (such as police officers, prosecutors, or regulators) exercise discretion, which is the power to choose whether or how to punish a person who has violated the law. The biased use of enforcement discretion, such as that based on racial prejudice or corruption, is usually considered a legal abuse and a threat to the rule of law.

In some cases, selective enforcement may be desirable. For example, a verbal warning to a teenager may effectively alter their behavior without resorting to legal punishment and with the added benefit of reducing governmental legal costs.  In other cases, selective enforcement may be inevitable. For example, it may be impractical for police officers to issue traffic tickets to every driver they observe exceeding the speed limit, so they may have no choice but to limit action to the most flagrant examples of reckless driving.  Therefore, the mere fact that a law is selectively enforced against one person and not against another, absent bias or pattern of enforcement against a constitutionally-protected class, is not illegal.

United States

Immigration law
Selective enforcement has become a topic of great discussion in the illegal immigration debate.  The 2011 "Morton Memo" laid out enforcement priorities for the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and was intended to channel limited resources into prioritized pursuit of cases involving criminals and felons.  It was interpreted as the waiver of active prosecution of non-criminal illegal aliens and the exclusive focus on criminal illegal aliens.  Enforcement priorities were further defined by the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which started in 2012.  This uses the executive branch's discretionary authority to grant certain people who were illegally brought to the United States as minors the temporary authorization to live and work in the United States.

See also 
 Selective prosecution
 Prosecutorial discretion
 Equality before the law
 Ticket fixing

Further reading
Michal Tamir, "Public Law as a Whole and Normative Duality: Reclaiming Administrative Insights in Enforcement Review", 12 Texas Journal on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights 43-99 (2006)

References

Ethically disputed judicial practices
Law enforcement terminology
Shimomura

Shimomura (written: ) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese politician
, Japanese Nihonga painter
, Japanese chemical engineer
, Japanese organic chemist and marine biologist
, Japanese economist
Roger Shimomura (born 1939), American artist and academic
, Japanese general
, Japanese footballer
, American physicist and computer security expert
, Japanese composer and pianist
, Japanese footballer and manager

See also
Shimamura

Japanese-language surnames
Tsutomu

Tsutomu is a masculine Japanese given name.

Possible writings
Tsutomu''' can be written using different kanji characters. Here are some examples:

勉, "make effort"
務, "affairs"
務武, "affairs, warrior"
勤, "diligence"
努, "strive"

The name can also be written in hiragana つとむ or katakana ツトム.

Notable people with the name
,Japanese manga artist 
, Japanese general in the Imperial Japanese Army
, Japanese tenor 
, former Japanese shihan
, Japanese football player
, Japanese politician 
, Japanese Greco-Roman wrestler
, Japanese film director
, Japanese wrestler 
, Japanese ice hockey player
, Japanese politician and Prime Minister of Japan
, Japanese rugby union player
, Japanese professional golfer 
, Japanese head coach of the Sun Rockers Shibuya 
, Japanese actor and voice actor 
, Japanese former manager 
, Japanese former Nippon Professional Baseball pitcher 
, Japanese voice actor
, Japanese ice hockey player, coach and administrator
, Japanese short track speed skater
, Japanese organic chemist 
, Japanese football player
, Japanese actor and stuntman 
, Japanese game designer
, Japanese volleyball player
, Japanese writer 
, Japanese linguist  
, Japanese engineer 
, Japanese cannibalistic serial killer and necrophile
, Japanese rower
, Japanese animation and sound director
, Japanese freestyle swimmer  
, Japanese Paralympic athlete  
, Japanese manga artist  
, Japanese football player
, Japanese professor of International Christian Studies
, Japanese footballer and manager
, Japanese master of Shotokan karate
, Japanese professional wrestler
, Japanese former cyclist
, Japanese politician 
, Japanese racing cyclist  
, Japanese career naval officer   
, Japanese politician
 Tsutomu Sato (ophthalmologist) (1902–1960), Japanese ophthalmologist
, Japanese windsurfer
, Japanese astronomer 
, Japanese alpine
, Japanese comedian and television presenter
, Japanese anime director
, Japanese-born American physicist and computer security expert
, Japanese serial killer
, Japanese football player
, Japanese manga artist
, Japanese former football 
, Japanese secretary general of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party 
, Japanese baseball player
, Japanese doctor and politician
, Japanese president of Fuji Speedway
, Japanese former baseball player, coach, and manager
, Japanese marine engineer
, Japanese actor
, Japanese physicist
, Japanese aikidoka
, Japanese artist and scientist
, Japanese freestyle swimmer

 Fictional characters 
 Tsutomu Goshiki (五色 工), a character from the manga and anime Haikyu!!'' with the position of wing spiker from Shiratorizawa Academy
 Tsutomu Ryuuzaki (竜崎 勤), a character from Tenjo Tenge

See also
 7713 Tsutomu
 Tsutomu Kanai Award

Japanese masculine given names
Masculine given names
List of fatal shark attacks in the United States

This is a list of fatal shark attacks that occurred in United States territorial waters by decade in chronological order.

Before 1800

1800s–1840s

1850s–1860s

1870s

1880s

1890s

1900s

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

See also 

 Shark attack
 Red Triangle (Pacific Ocean)
 Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916
 List of fatal shark-incidents in Australia (Australia has the second largest number of reported shark attacks)
 List of fatal shark attacks in California
 List of fatal shark attacks in South African territorial waters

 Species
 Animal attacks
 List of fatal bear attacks in North America
 List of fatal cougar attacks in North America
 List of fatal snake bites in the United States
 List of fatal alligator attacks in the United States
 List of wolf attacks in North America
 Fatal dog attacks in the United States

References 
 Citations

 Bibliography

 
 
 
 
 
 

 General references

External links 
 International Shark File research
 Shark Research Committee
 Shark Attack Survivors Online Database and Shark Attack File
 Shark Attack Data: Graphs detailing incidents in United States of America

United States
Shark
Angiokeratoma

Angiokeratoma is a benign cutaneous lesion of capillaries, resulting in small marks of red to blue color and characterized by hyperkeratosis. Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum refers to Fabry's disease, but this is usually considered a distinct condition.

Signs and symptoms

Presentation includes telangiectasia, acanthosis, and hyperkeratosis.

Presentation can be solitary or systemic.

Multiple angiokeratomas, especially on the trunk in young people, are typical for Fabry disease, genetic disorder connected with systemic complications.

Complications
In some instances nodular angiokeratomas can produce necrotic tissue and valleys that can harbor fungal, bacterial and viral infections.  Infections can include staphylococcus.  If the lesion becomes painful, begins draining fluids or pus, or begins to smell, consult a physician.  In these instance a doctor may recommend excision and grafting.

Pathophysiology

Histology
Angiokeratomas characteristically have large dilated blood vessels in the superficial dermis and hyperkeratosis (overlying the dilated vessels).

Diagnosis
Due to the rarity of different types of vascular conditions, angiokeratomas may be misdiagnosed.  A biopsy of the lesion can produce a more accurate diagnosis.

Classification
Angiokeratoma may be classified as:
 Angiokeratoma of Mibelli (also known as "Mibelli's angiokeratoma," "Telangiectatic warts") consists of 1- to 5-mm red vascular papules, the surfaces of which become hyperkeratotic in the course of time. The disease is named after Italian dermatologist Vittorio Mibelli (1860-1910).
 Angiokeratoma of Fordyce (also known as "Angiokeratoma of the scrotum and vulva," though not to be confused with Fordyce's spots) is a skin condition characterized by red to blue papules on the scrotum or vulva.
 Solitary angiokeratoma is a small, bluish-black, warty papule that occurs predominantly on the lower extremities.
 Verrucous vascular malformation (also known as "Angiokeratoma circumscriptum naeviforme") is a malformation of dermal and subcutaneous capillaries and veins, a congenital vascular malformation, which, over time, a verrucous component appears.

Treatment
Outpatient treatments such as interventional radiology, lasers, and physical therapy are employed to reduce the severity of the vascular lesions.  However, in some cases lasers have caused a reaction in the tissue causing it to expand and become exposed to infection.  Excision and grafting may be necessary to remove the lesion.  Recovery time on such an operation ranges from 3 to 12 weeks depending on location of the graft, healing time and the possibility of complications.

See also 
 Fabry disease
 List of cutaneous conditions

References

External links 

Dermal and subcutaneous growths