alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Savissivik

Savissivik (West Greenlandic; old spelling: Savigsivik) or Havighivik (Inuktun)  is a settlement in the Avannaata municipality in northern Greenland. Located on Meteorite Island, off the northern shores of Melville Bay, the settlement had 55 inhabitants in 2020.

History 
In the Greenlandic language, the name Savissivik means "Place of Meteoric Iron" or "Knives", alluding to the numerous meteorite fragments that have been found in the area dating to about 10,000 years ago. The Cape York meteorite is estimated to have weighed 100 tonnes before it exploded. The iron from the meteorite is believed to have attracted migrating Inuit from Arctic Canada.

Transport 

Air Greenland operates settlement flights to Qaanaaq Airport via Pituffik Space Base. The twice-weekly flights are subsidized by the Government of Greenland. Transfers at the airbase are subject to access restrictions by the Danish Foreign Ministry.

Population 
The population of Savissivik decreased by over 40 percent relative to the 1990 levels, and by 10 percent relative to 2000 levels.

References 

Populated places in Greenland
Populated places of Arctic Greenland
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2000

13th CFCA Awards
February 26, 2001

Best Film: 
 Almost Famous 
The 13th Chicago Film Critics Association Awards, given on 26 February 2001, honored the finest achievements in 2000 filmmaking.

Winners

Best Actor:
Tom Hanks - Cast Away
Best Actress:
Ellen Burstyn - Requiem for a Dream
Best Cinematography:
Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon) - Peter Pau
Best Director:
Steven Soderbergh - Traffic
Best Film:
Almost Famous
Best Foreign Language Film:
Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon), Taiwan/Hong Kong/United States/China
Best Score:
"Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)" - Tan Dun
Best Screenplay:
Almost Famous - Cameron Crowe
Best Supporting Actor:
Benicio del Toro - Traffic
Best Supporting Actress:
Frances McDormand - Almost Famous
Most Promising Actor:
Patrick Fugit
Most Promising Actress:
Zhang Ziyi

Nominees
Best Actor:
Javier Bardem - Before Night Falls
Michael Douglas - Wonder Boys
Mark Ruffalo - You Can Count on Me
Geoffrey Rush - Quills
Best Actress:
Joan Allen - The Contender
Björk Guðmundsdóttir - Dancer in the Dark
Laura Linney - You Can Count on Me
Julia Roberts - Erin Brockovich
Best Director:
Darren Aronofsky - Requiem for a Dream
Cameron Crowe - Almost Famous
Ang Lee - Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)
Robert Zemeckis - Cast Away
Best Film:
Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)
Traffic
Wonder Boys
You Can Count on Me
Best Supporting Actor:
Jack Black - High Fidelity
Willem Dafoe - Shadow of the Vampire
Albert Finney - Erin Brockovich
Philip Seymour Hoffman - Almost Famous
Best Supporting Actress:
Kate Hudson - Almost Famous
Julie Walters - Billy Elliot
Catherine Zeta-Jones - Traffic
Ziyi Zhang - Wo hu cang long (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)

References
https://web.archive.org/web/20120515203059/http://www.chicagofilmcritics.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=58

 2000
2000 film awards
Switch It On

"Switch It On" is a song by English singer Will Young. It was written by Young, Stephen Lipson, Ronnie Peterson, Karen Poole and Steven Wolf, and produced by Lipson for third studio album, Keep On (2005). The song was released as the album's first single on 14 November 2005, a week before the album. The single reached number five in the UK Singles Chart.

Music video
The video for "Switch It On" was directed by Vaughan Arnell and filmed at Thunder City in Cape Town, South Africa. It is based on the 1986 American action drama Top Gun. The video opens with the titles "Will Young in Hot Gun", and features Young in the Tom Cruise fighter pilot role, playing beach volleyball and serenading a woman in a bar. In a 2005 interview with The Guardian, Young commented: "The video was the director Vaughan Arnell's idea – I'd had something different, a performance video, in mind. But he convinced me it was such a universal idea that covered so many areas – blokes love it, women like it. It's not in-your-face homoerotic. Homoeroticism should be subtle. It's not about dancing in leather pants. Mixed with humour, homoeroticism is fantastic."

Track listings

Notes
 denotes remix producer
"Switch It On" is based on the composition "Ho Diddley" as performed by Chitlin Circuitry.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Release history

References

External links
 "Switch It On" lyrics

Will Young songs
19 Recordings singles
2005 singles
Avant-pop songs
Music videos directed by Vaughan Arnell
Song recordings produced by Stephen Lipson
Songs written by Karen Poole
Songs written by Stephen Lipson
Songs written by Will Young
Sony BMG singles
Kolors

Kolors is the sixth and final solo album by British blues rock musician Peter Green, who was the founder of Fleetwood Mac and a member from 1967–70. Released in 1983, the album consisted largely of songs from previous recording sessions that had not been included on his past albums.

Peter Green's songwriting credits were under his original name of Peter Greenbaum. Many of the tracks were composed by Peter's brother, Mike Green.

Track listing
All tracks written by Mike Green, except where noted.
"What Am I Doing Here?" – 3:30
"Bad Bad Feeling" – 3:38
"Big Boy Now" – 5:55
"Black Woman" – 3:59
"Bandit" (Peter Greenbaum, M. Green) – 3:05
"Same Old Blues" (Traditional) – 3:45
"Liquor and You" – 3:49
"Gotta Do It with Me" – 4:02
"Funky Jam" (P. Greenbaum) – 8:14

Tracks 1, 4 & 5 are outtakes from Little Dreamer
Track 5 can be found in its original form on the album Legend
Tracks 2, 6–8 are outtakes from Whatcha Gonna Do?
Tracks 3 & 9 are outtakes from White Sky

Track listing (remastered & expanded version)
"Black Woman" (M. Green)
"Bandit" (P. Greenbaum, M. Green)
"What Am I Doing Here?" (M. Green)
"Bad Bad Feeling" (M. Green)
"Same Old Blues" (Traditional)
"Liquor and You" (M. Green)
"Gotta Do It with Me" (M. Green)
"Big Boy Now" (M. Green)
"Funky Jam" (P. Greenbaum)
"Apostle" (single version)   (P. Greenbaum)
"Whatcha Gonna Do?" (M. Green)
"Rubbing My Eyes" (M. Green)
"Long Way from Home" (M. Green)
"Six String Guitar" (M. Green)
"You Won't See Me Anymore" (M. Green)

Track 10 is an outtake from In the Skies
Tracks 1–3 & 12 are outtakes from Little Dreamer
Track 2 can be found in its original form on the album Legend
Tracks 4–7, 11, 13–15 are outtakes from Whatcha Gonna Do?
Tracks 8 & 9 are outtakes from White Sky

Personnel
Peter Green – guitar, vocals
Mike Green – vocals
Bob Bowman – guitar
Ronnie Johnson – guitar
Larry Steele – bass guitar
Paul Westwood – bass guitar
Mo Foster – bass guitar
Daniel Boone – keyboards, backing vocals
Webster Johnson – keyboards
Roy Shipston – keyboards
Reg Isidore – drums
Dave Mattacks – drums
Jeff Whittaker – percussion
Trevor Orton – pan pipes
Lesley Boone – backing vocals

Technical
Ron Lee – producer
Dave Lester – engineer

References

Peter Green (musician) albums
1983 compilation albums
Enchant (band)

Enchant were an American neo-progressive rock band, formed in 1989. Their music is characterized by ambitious lyrics and melodies along with harmonic experimentation.

History
Enchant's origins reach back to the end of the 1980s when the band was known as Mae Dae. In 1993 they went into the studio to record "A Blueprint of the World". This was produced by Paul A Schmidt. The band unhappy with the production called on Steve Rothery of Marillion to help co-produce the record with Douglas Ott and Paul Craddick. Rothery added some guitars and remixed some songs. A small German label, Dream Circle, had secured the rights for this album. The band toured Europe in 1993, and the album was later re-released with an extended booklet and a second disc with demos from their first album.

Wounded (1996) helped them attract new fans. Time Lost (1997) was released for a tour with Dream Theater. It had four new tracks and previously unreleased material. Break (1998) was promoted live on stage with Spock's Beard and later with Marillion. These albums marked a departure from their first album.

Juggling 9 or Dropping 10 was released in 2000. Two band members left after the album was finished. Blink of an Eye and Tug of War reinforced the band's status as a serious band. These albums opened the band's road for touring in Germany together with Spock's Beard and the California Guitar Trio. Their live album, Live at Last was released as a double CD and a double DVD set, with over 20 songs some dating back to 1993.

The band, after a long break, recorded a new album titled The Great Divide which was released in 2014.

Lineup
Current members
 Doug Ott – guitars, backing vocals, occasional bass and keyboards , lead vocals 
 Ted Leonard – lead vocals, occasional guitars and bass 
 Ed Platt – bass 
 Sean Flanagan – drums, percussion 
 Bill Jenkins – keyboards, backing vocals 

Former members
 Paul Craddick – drums, occasional keyboards, bass and guitars 
 Mike "Benignus" Geimer – keyboards 
 Brian Cline – bass, lead and backing vocals 
 Phil Bennett – keyboards

Discography

Studio albums
 A Blueprint of the World (1993)
 Wounded (1996)
 Time Lost (1997)
 Break (1998)
 Juggling 9 Or Dropping 10 (2000)
 Blink of an Eye (2002)
 Tug of War (2003)
 The Great Divide (2014)
 A Dream Imagined Box Set (2018) The complete collection 1994 - 2014)

Live albums
 Live at Last (2004)

Videography
 Live At Last (2004)

References

External links
 
 
 

Musical groups established in 1989
Musical groups from San Francisco
Progressive rock musical groups from California
Inside Out Music artists
Drumlough, Hillsborough

Drumlough () is a village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland, south of Hillsborough and east of Dromore. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 96 people. It is situated in the Lisburn City Council area. Locally significant buildings include Drumlough Presbyterian Church and manse, Rose Cottage (pre 1830), and an Orange Hall built in 1907.

Drumlough Pipe Band was formed in 1950 and competes in competitions organised by the Royal Scottish Pipe Band Association.

References

Sources
NI Neighbourhood Information System
Draft Belfast Metropolitan Area Plan 2015

See also
List of villages in Northern Ireland
List of towns in Northern Ireland

Villages in County Down
Townlands of County Down
Aleksandar Lifka

Aleksandar Lifka (20 May 1880 – 12 November 1952) was an Yugoslav cinematographer.

Life

Lifka was born in Brassó in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in what is now Romania to a Czech family. After spending his childhood with his parents in Žatec near Prague, he moved to Vienna to study at technical high school. During that time, he experimented with magic lantern moving pictures, but without success. After completing his education, Lifka traveled to Paris, where he bought a Pathé camera. In 1900, he shot the visit of the emperor Franz Joseph and Queen Elisabeth to the town of Gödöllő, in Hungary.

After his father's death, Lifka and his older brother Karl started a traveling movie theater. It had professional equipment (Gaumont, AEG, Körting) and had a luxurious interior. The first city in which they showed their films was Trieste, Italy. The tour continued in 1901 to Rijeka, Bjelovar, Osijek (Croatia), and Ljubljana (Slovenia), and in 1902 to Belgrade, Zemun, Újvidék (now Novi Sad, Serbia), and Szabadka (now Subotica, Serbia).

In 1903, the Lifka brothers bought another tent, and Karl separated and settled in Linz and Salzburg. Aleksandar Lifka shot documentary film of some political events, and of common people in the towns he visited.

Lifka visited Szabadka again in 1905, and in 1910, he renovated the grand hall of Hungaria Hotel into a permanent movie theater. His wife, Beck Erzsébet, helped him to run the cinema. During World War I, he was hired by Filmkriegspresse to create films about battles in Galizia, where he was wounded. After the end of war, he returned to Subotica, which then belonged to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and stopped making films. Only twenty of his original films survived. After World War II, he accepted Yugoslav citizenship.

He died on 12 November 1952 at his vineyard. He is buried in Subotica.

References

1880 births
1952 deaths
Czech cinematographers
Serbian cinematographers
Hungarian people of Czech descent
Serbian people of Czech descent
People from Brașov
Film people from Subotica
Yugoslav filmmakers
Ambler Airport

Ambler Airport  (Iñupiaq: Ivisaappaat Mirviat) is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) north of the central business district of Ambler, a city in the Northwest Arctic Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.

As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 2,357 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, an increase of 0.13% from the 2,354 enplanements in 2007. This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorizes it as a general aviation facility.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned AFM by the FAA and ABL by the IATA. The airport's ICAO identifier is PAFM.

Facilities 
Ambler Airport covers an area of  at an elevation of 334 feet (102 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways with gravel surfaces: 9/27 measures 2,400 by 60 feet (732 x 18 m) and 18/36 is 3,000 by 60 feet (914 x 18 m).

Airlines and destinations 

Prior to its bankruptcy and cessation of all operations, Ravn Alaska served the airport from multiple locations.

Statistics

References

External links
 FAA Alaska airport diagram (GIF)
 

Airports in Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska
Airports in the Arctic
Who Am I (Will Young song)

"Who Am I" is a song by English singer Will Young. It was co-written by Eg White and Lucie Silvas and produced by Stephen Lipson for his third album, Keep On (2005). The track was released as a single on 24 April 2006. Songwriter Silvas based the lyrics on her then-boyfriend. She had wanted to write a song from a male perspective as opposed to her usual female perspective. "Who Am I" was shortlisted for the Popjustice £20 Music Prize in 2006.

Chart performance
"Who Am I" entered the UK Official Download Chart on 12 April 2006 due to individual album tracks being available to download. It entered the UK Singles Chart on 23 April at number 47 based on download sales alone. Following the song's physical release, it peaked at number 11, becoming Young's first single to fail to reach the top five in the UK.

Music video
The video for "Who Am I" was directed by Dougal Wilson. It features a montage of clips from Blue Peter from past decades, with Young superimposed over the presenters. Young confirmed in an interview with Top of the Pops that he received an honorary Blue Peter badge for the video.

Then presenter of Blue Peter Konnie Huq makes a cameo as a paratrooper who supervises Young on a slide from Tower Bridge whilst then pet Mabel appears throughout the video. One blooper occurs 35 seconds into the video when Young presents a homemade replica of Tracy Island. The model of FAB 1 shown is based on the 2004 live action incarnation even though the video is set in the 1970s.

The video was nominated for "Best Pop Video" and "Best Visual Effects in a Video" in the 2007 Music Vision Awards.

Track listing

Notes
 denotes remix producer

Charts

Release history

References

External links
 "Who Am I" lyrics

Will Young songs
2006 singles
Song recordings produced by Stephen Lipson
Songs written by Eg White
Songs written by Lucie Silvas
Sony BMG singles
File menu

The File menu is a graphical control element formerly common to most file-handling computer programs, but more recently often replaced by a toolbar or ribbon. It often appears as the first item in the menu bar, and contains commands relating to the handling of files, such as open, save, print, etc. It may also contain a list of recently edited files.

In some operating systems, the file menu also offers commands for closing windows and exiting the current program.

References 

Graphical control elements
La Vie de Marianne

La Vie de Marianne (The life of Marianne: or, the adventures of the Countess of ***) is an unfinished novel by Pierre de Marivaux and illustrated by Jakob van der Schley.

The novel was written in sections, eleven of which appeared between 1731 and 1745.  A Continuation was produced by Madame Riccoboni, but this too is incomplete.

Bibliography
 Maria Rosaria Ansalone, Una Donna, una vita, un romanzo : saggio su “La Vie de Marianne” di Marivaux, Fasano: Schena, 1985.
 Patrick Brady, Structuralist perspectives in criticism of fiction : essays on Manon Lescaut and La Vie de Marianne, Bern; Las Vegas: P. Lang, 1978.
 Patrick Brady, Rococo Style versus enlightenment novel : with essays on Lettres persanes, La Vie de Marianne, Candide, La Nouvelle Héloïse, Le Neveu de Rameau, Geneva, Slatkine, 1984.
 Peter Brooks, The Novel of worldliness; Crébillon, Marivaux, Laclos, Stendhal, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1969.
 David Coward, Marivaux, La Vie de Marianne and Le paysan parvenu, London: Grant & Cutler, 1982.
  Anne Deneys-Tunney, Écritures du corps : de Descartes à Laclos, Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1992 .
  Béatrice Didier, La Voix de Marianne : essai sur Marivaux, Paris: J. Corti, 1987 .
  Annick Jugan, Les Variations du récit dans La Vie de Marianne de Marivaux, Paris: Klincksieck, 1978.
 Marie-Paule Laden, Self-imitation in the eighteenth-century novel, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987 .
 Leo Spitzer, Alban K. Forcione, Herbert Samuel Lindenberger, et al. Representative essays, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988 .
 Theodore E. D. Braun, John A. McCarthy, Disrupted patterns : on chaos and order in the Enlightenment, Amsterdam; Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 2000 .
 Nancy K. Miller, The Heroine's text: readings in the French and English novel, 1722-1782, New York: Columbia University Press, 1980 .
  Annie Rivara, Les Sœurs de Marianne : suites, imitations, variations, 1731-1761, Voltaire Foundation, Oxford, 1991 .
 Philip Stewart, Half-told tales : Dilemmas of meaning in three French novels, Chapel Hill: U.N.C. Dept. of Romance Languages, 1987 .
  Loïc Thommeret, La Mémoire créatrice. Essai sur l’écriture de soi au XVIIIe siècle, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2006, .
 Arnold L. Weinstein, Fictions of the self, 1550-1800, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1981 .

External links b

 English translations, Internet Archive

1745 novels
18th-century French novels
Unfinished novels
Unfinished literature completed by others
XP-class lifeboat

The XP-class lifeboat is a class of small inflatable rescue boat operated by the RNLI of the United Kingdom and Ireland. 

The XP-class lifeboat is mainly used as a small tender carried onboard RNLI all-weather lifeboats, and is based on the commercially available Avon Rover 280.

It carries a crew of one or two, and is normally found carried on board the Trent-class lifeboat. It is used primarily for assisting in cliff incidents where the casualty is near the water, and where rocks prevent the all-weather lifeboat from getting near the base of the cliff.

The XP was also in use at South Broads Lifeboat Station in Suffolk, one of the few RNLI inland waterways lifeboat stations until it closed in 2011, and at Teignmouth Lifeboat Station in Devon, where it is deployed from the larger  lifeboat.

Other small boats operated by the RNLI include the Arancia-class beach rescue boats, the X-class and the Y-class lifeboats.

References

External links 
RNLI Fleet

Royal National Lifeboat Institution lifeboats
Inflatable boats
Luévano v. Campbell

Angel G. Luévano, et al., Plaintiffs v. Alan Campbell, Director, Office of Personnel Management, et al. also known as Luévano v. Campbell, [93 F.R.D. 68 (D.D.C. 1981)] Luévano v. Campbell began when Angel G. Luévano, and a group of civil rights lawyers, acting on behalf of those blacks and Hispanics who had failed the test (Luévano being one of them) filed a lawsuit alleging that the Professional and Administrative Careers Examination (PACE) written test used by Civil Service Commission had an adverse impact on African Americans and Hispanics.

Background
The class-action suit was filed against Alan Campbell, the director of the Office of Personnel Management (or Civil Service Commission, as it was then called). Though Campbell was the named defendant in the case, approximately 45 other federal departments and agencies, all agencies that had ever used the PACE, were listed as representatives of the defendant class.

PACE was the principal entry-level test administered to candidates for positions in the federal government's executive branch. The suit asked the judge to declare that OPM, by using the test, had deprived the plaintiffs of rights secured by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Luévano consent decree

The Luévano consent decree is the 1981 agreement that settled the lawsuit and called for the elimination of PACE and required replacing it with alternative examinations. It had been criticized by the late constitutional scholar Walter Berns as creating a system of backdoor racial quotas for hiring in the federal government. In response to the consent decree, OPM developed the Administrative Careers with America examination, which is used in some cases. The consent decree also established two special hiring programs, Outstanding Scholar and Bilingual/Bicultural, for limited use in filling former PACE positions.

See also
List of class-action lawsuits

References

External links

United States equal protection case law
United States affirmative action case law
United States District Court for the District of Columbia cases
1981 in United States case law
United States class action case law
United States Office of Personnel Management
The Dualers

The Dualers are an eight-piece (or nine-piece) ska and reggae band from South East London. Initially comprising brothers Si and Tyber Cranstoun, and now led by Tyber following Si's departure in 2010 for a solo career, they first developed a profile when the single "Kiss on the Lips" entered the UK top 30, peaking at 21, in October 2004 despite no industry backing.

The Dualers have supported Madness at their large outdoor concerts and played headline gigs at Indigo O2, Fairfield Halls in Croydon and the Churchill Theatre in Bromley.

History
The Dualers started out in 1999 as a busking duo of Si Christone and Tyber O'Neil (brothers Simon David Cranstoun and Jonathan Lloyd Cranstoun) who could be found on the streets of Bromley, Canterbury, Croydon, Kingston and Romford playing a mix of doo-wop, pop and ska.

By 2004, an old school friend called David Ellis reckoned that the brothers must have played to thousands of people on the streets of these towns, so much so, that they would have a big enough fanbase to release a single. Ellis set up a record label with the brothers called Galley Music and persuaded local Virgin and HMV shops stock a record by the pair called "Kiss on the Lips". 6,000 singles were pressed up by Galley Music, with enough being sold in the local area for the record to chart in the Top 40 of the Official Charts Company's Singles Chart, on a week where they could be still be seen busking outside the Liberty Music Shop in Romford.

In 2005, the duo signed to  Guy Holmes' Gut Records label and scored another Top 40 hit with "Truly Madly Deeply".

In 2010 Si Cranstoun decided to embark on a solo career, with The Dualers expanding to become a nine-piece ska band.

In 2019, The Dualers scored their first OCC Album Chart hit after selling 4,229 copies of their Palm Trees And 80 Degrees album to reach No.11. In 2022, Voices from the Sun became their second hit album, with a weekly sale of 2,789 album getting them a number 26 chart debut.

Discography

Albums
Vintage Versions Volume I – Sandcamel Records
Vintage Versions Volume II – Galley Music
Rhymes & Rhythms – Galley Music
The Melting Pot – Galley Music
Get Festive Volume 1 – Galley Music
Upbeat Sounds – Galley Music
The Very Best of Vintage Versions – Galley Music
The Cooking Pot – Galley Music
The Summer of Ska – Live at the Indigo July 22nd 2010
With Respect 
Prince Buster Shakedown – Phoenix City a division of Cherry Red Records Ltd
Rewind
Back to Paradise – Sunbeat Records
Reggae Street
Live at Indigo 2nd December 2015
Reggae Street 2
Palm Trees and 80 Degrees (2019, Sunbeat Records) – No. 11 UK
Voices from the Sun (2022)

DVD
The Dualers – Documentary DVD 2006
The Dualers – Documentary Reissued DVD 2010
The Summer of Ska – Live at the Indigo2 July 22nd 2010

Singles

References

External links
Official Dualers Website

English buskers
English ska musical groups
Musical groups from London
Beecham's Pills



Beecham's Pills were a laxative first marketed about 1842 in Wigan, Lancashire. They were invented by Thomas Beecham (1820–1907), grandfather of the conductor Sir Thomas Beecham (1879–1961).

Commercial history

The pills themselves were a combination of aloe, ginger, and soap. They were initially advertised like other patent medicine as a cure-all, but they actually did benefit the digestive process. This effectiveness made them stand out from other remedies for sale in the mid-19th century.

The pills, and their marketing, were the basis for Beecham's Patent Pills, which became Beecham Estates and Pills in 1924, eight years after the death of Sir Joseph Beecham, the son of Thomas Beecham. The pills continued to be made by a succession of companies: Beecham Pills Limited, Beecham Pharmaceuticals Limited, Beecham Health Care, and SmithKline Beecham. The manufacture of the pills was discontinued in 1998.

Popularity
The popularity of the pills produced a wide range of testimonials that were used in advertising. The poet William Topaz McGonagall wrote a poem advertising the pills, giving his recommendation in verse. Two slogans used in Beecham's advertising were "Worth a guinea a box", and "Beecham's pills make all the difference".

The Cockney rhyming slang Beecham for a still (photograph) comes from Beecham's pills (Beecham Pill, pill rhymes with still).

See also
 Beecham (pharmaceutical company)
 Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom

Notes

References
"'Best for Me, Best For You'—A History of Beecham's Pills 1842–1998", The Pharmaceutical Journal. vol. 269, pp. 921–924.
Anne Francis, "A Guinea a Box: A Biography", London, Hale (1968)

External links
 History of GlaxoSmithKline – successor to Beecham's Patent Pills.
 Box For Beecham's Pills via Science Museum

1842 introductions
GSK plc brands
Laxatives
Patent medicines
Dundrod

Dundrod () is a small village and townland in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 167 people. It is within the Lisburn City Council area.

Buildings

Sport 
Dundrod Circuit is the location to Dundrod Motorcycle Road Racing Circuit. The circuit is seven miles and 505 yards long. The Ulster Grand Prix and the Dundrod 150 races are held here.

References 

NI Neighbourhood Information System
Dundrod Circuit
Draft Belfast Metropolitan Area Plan 2015

External links 
Real Road Racing - Dundrod

Villages in County Antrim
Alan Newman (baseball)

Alan Spencer Newman (born October 2, 1969) is a former professional baseball pitcher. He played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball, in 1999 for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays and 2000 for the Cleveland Indians. He then went on to play three seasons in Japan, 2001–02 for the Yakult Swallows and 2003 for the Hiroshima Toyo Carp.

External links 

1969 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Orange County, California
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
Cleveland Indians players
Yakult Swallows players
Hiroshima Toyo Carp players
Fullerton Hornets baseball players
American expatriate baseball players in Japan
Elizabethton Twins players
Kenosha Twins players
Visalia Oaks players
Orlando Sun Rays players
Nashville Xpress players
Indianapolis Indians players
Alexandria Aces players
Birmingham Barons players
Las Vegas Stars (baseball) players
Durham Bulls players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Atlantic City Surf players
Jackson Senators players
Long Beach Armada players
People from La Habra, California
Catholic Church in Mauritius

The Catholic Church in Mauritius is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

According to the 2011 census, Catholics made up 26% of the total population (324,811 people).	Later figures stated that they made up 21.34% of the population in 2020.

The country is divided into two territorial jurisdictions:
 Port-Louis
 Vicariate Apostolic of Rodrigues

In 2020, there were 99 priests and 171 nuns serving 48 parishes.

Catholicism by district

Catholicism by populated places
List of places in Mauritius with a Roman Catholic population of at least 50.0% of the total population.

See also
 Christianity in Mauritius
List of saints from Africa

External links
 Catholic Hierarchy website

References

 
Mauritius
Mauritius
Jeff Sparks

James Jeffrey Sparks (born April 4, 1972) is a former pitcher for the Major League Baseball Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Sparks never won an MLB game but did pick up one save. It came on September 27, 1999 against the New York Yankees. Sparks went 1 1/3rd innings to save a 10-6 Devil Rays victory.

As of May 2007, Sparks was selling home-and-garden products at Lowe's and attending firefighter school while training with former major league pitcher Mike Marshall.

References

External links 

1972 births
Living people
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Houston
Tampa Bay Devil Rays players
St. Mary's Rattlers baseball players
Nashville Sounds players
Nashua Pride players
Winnipeg Goldeyes players
Pensacola Pelicans players
Bangor Lumberjacks players
Burlington Bees players
Charleston AlleyCats players
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Durham Bulls players
Leones de Yucatán players
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Orlando Rays players
Princeton Reds players
St. Petersburg Devil Rays players
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
East of England Co-operative Society

The East of England Co-operative Society is the fourth largest consumer co-operative in the United Kingdom after The Co-operative Group, The Midcounties Co-operative and Central England Co-operative. It is a registered society with its headquarters in Wherstead, near Ipswich and trading in the eastern counties of Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire. The Society is the area's largest independent retailer.

History

The East of England Co-operative Society is an amalgamation of smaller societies from across East Anglia which have joined together over the years. Most recently, the Colchester and East Essex Co-operative Society merged with the Ipswich and Norwich Co-operative Society in 2005.

The consumer co-operative movement has its roots in the early part of the nineteenth century and the principles of self-help and social equity that developed during the Victorian era. The first successful retail co-operative was established in 1844 by the Rochdale Pioneers. The Ipswich and Norwich Society was the product of an amalgamation, in 1993, of the Ipswich Co-operative Society (known as the Ipswich Industrial Co-operative Society from 1868 to 1968 and incorporating, since 1991, the engagements of the former Stowmarket Society, established 1889) and the Norwich Co-operative Society (formed in 1858). The Colchester and East Essex Society was founded as Colchester Co-operative Society in 1861, expanding through merger with the following co-operative societies:

Activities

The East of England Co-op’s principal business activities are food retailing, funeral services and management of its investment property portfolio. They also have interests in petrol forecourts, travel, events and conferencing, security, and stonemasonry.

It previously ran a dairy with doorstep deliveries, but this was sold to Dairy Crest in early 2008 and their department stores and a jewellery store were sold to Vergo Retail in 2009. In 2010 their car dealerships were also sold to various owners. In early 2019 the Society sold its pharmacy and optical businesses.

The Society is a corporate member of the Co-operative Group, sourcing its food through the national buying programme, the Co-operative Federal Trading Services.

Membership
Customers and employees who join the co-op as members receive a dividend card, which when presented at transaction enables them to receive points. These points are then allocated a monetary value, decided by the board and based on the organisation's profits that year.

Membership is open to all customers, colleagues and communities in the East of England Co-op's trading area. Members receive a share in the profits and in 2021 more than £1.8 million was issued as dividends.

See also
British co-operative movement
Eastern Savings and Loans

References

External links
East of England Co-operative Society

Consumers' co-operatives of the United Kingdom
Colchester Co-op
Ipswich Co-op
Retail companies established in 2005
Defunct department stores of the United Kingdom
Co-operatives in England
2005 establishments in England
Companies based in Ipswich
Las Bóvedas (thermae)

Las Bóvedas (the domes) is the local name for the remains of some Roman baths near San Pedro de Alcántara in Andalusia, Southern Spain.
 
They are located close to the Paleo-Christian Basilica, Vega del Mar. Historians are still unsure of the baths' true origins, though most believe that they are all that remain of the Roman settlement known as Cilniana (or Silniana) destroyed by an earthquake in 365 AD. They can be visited along with the better conserved Villa Romana (Roman villa).

Archaeological sites in Andalusia
Buildings and structures in Marbella
Ancient Roman baths in Spain
Tracy Silverman

Tracy Silverman (born April 7, 1960) is an American violinist, composer, and producer.

Biography 
Born in Peekskill, New York and raised in Beloit, Wisconsin, he attended Beloit Memorial High School but left after two years when he was sixteen to enter the Chicago Musical College. He graduated from the  Juilliard School and performs contemporary classical music, avant-garde jazz, and rock, mainly on the six-string electric violin as well as other fretted and fretless acoustic and electric instruments.

He recorded his debut solo album for Windham Hill and appeared on many of the label's compilations. He was a violinist with the Turtle Island String Quartet and has performed with pianist Jim Brickman and composer Terry Riley.

He performed at the gala opening of Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles where he was the featured soloist in the premiere of John Adams's composition The Dharma at Big Sur, written specifically for Silverman and his 6-string electric violin.

Silverman is the author of "The Strum Bowing Method: How to Groove on Strings" and has taught at  Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee. He has also been an instructor at Mark O'Connor's String Camps as well as The Mark Wood Rock Orchestra Camp.

Discography

As leader or co-leader
 Trip to the Sun (Windham Hill, 1999)
 Yangin' with the Yin Crowd (Gutbucket, 2001)
 Superstring (with Ferdinand Forsch) (Atelier, 2002 )
 North Meets South (with Caito Marcondes) (Nucleo Contemporaneo, 2002)
 I'd Rather Be Dreaming (2004)
 Streaming Video Soul (2008)
 Three Part Invention (with Philip Aaberg, Eugene Friesen) (Sweetgrass, 2009)
 May All Good Things (2010)
 Between the Kiss and the Chaos (Delos, 2014)
 Resonance 2.3 (2015)
 Live from Matthew's Opera House (with Roy ("Futureman") Wooten (2018)
 Five Times Surprise (with Henry Kaiser, Anthony Pirog, Jeff Sipe, Andy West) (Cuneiform, 2019)

With the Turtle Island String Quartet
 Who Do We Think We Are?  (Windham Hill, 1994)
 A Night in Tunisia, A Week in Detroit  (Chandos, 1994)
 By the Fireside (1995)

As guest
 On A Starry Night (Windham Hill, 1997)
 John Adams: The Dharma at Big Sur (Nonesuch, 2006)
 Palmian Chord Ryddle (2017)
 The Three Generations Trio (2017)

References

External links
 Official website

Living people
American jazz violinists
American male violinists
Juilliard School alumni
People from Beloit, Wisconsin
Musicians from New York (state)
Windham Hill Records artists
Belmont University faculty
Musicians from Wisconsin
Macalester College faculty
Nonesuch Records artists
Chicago Musical College alumni
21st-century American violinists
21st-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
Turtle Island Quartet members
1960 births
Catholic Church in Mozambique

The Catholic Church in Mozambique is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

There are over 8.54 million Catholics in Mozambique, 27% of the population.
The country is divided into twelve dioceses including three archdioceses.

The first mission was started by Portuguese Franciscans in 1500.

In September 2022, ISIS-M attacked a Catholic mission in Nampula, killing an elderly missionary and burning down several structures.

Dioceses
Archdiocese of Beira
Diocese of Chimoio
Diocese of Quelimane 
Diocese of Tete
Archdiocese of Maputo
Diocese of Inhambane 
Diocese of Xai-Xai
Archdiocese of Nampula  
Diocese of Gurué 
Diocese of Lichinga 
Diocese of Nacala 
Diocese of Pemba

See also
Religion in Mozambique
Protestantism in Mozambique
Christian Council of Mozambique

References

Sources
 CRUZ CORREIA,  Francisco Augusto da, O Método missionário dos Jesuítas em Moçambique, 1881.1910. Um contributo para a História da Missão da Zambézia,  Braga: Livraria A.I., 1991, 471p.
 FERREIRA, L., Igreja Ministerial em Moçambique. Caminhos de hoje e de amanhã (Lisbon, 1987)
 LUZIA, J., “A Igreja das Palhotas. Génese da Igreja em Moçambique, entre o Colonialismo e a Independencia”, Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (Lisbon), 4 (1989), 127p.
 MORIER-GENOUD, Eric, Catholicism and the Making of Politics in Central Mozambique, 1940-1980, Rocherster: Rochester University Press, coll. ‘Rochester Studies in African History and the Diaspora’, 2019
 MORIER-GENOUD, Eric  & ANOUILH, Pierre  “Revolution, War and Democracy. The Catholic Church in Mozambique” in Paul C. Manuel, Alynna Lyon & Clyde Wilcox (eds), Religion and Politics in a Global Society. Comparative Perspectives from the Portuguese-Speaking World (Lanham: Lexington, 2012)
 MORIER-GENOUD, Eric, “The Vatican vs. Lisbon. The relaunching of the Catholic church in Mozambique, ca. 1875-1940”, BAB Working Papers, Basel (Switzerland), n°4, 2002, 16p
 SCHEBESTA, Paul., Portugals Konquistamission in Südost-Afrika (Steyler, St. Augustin, 1966)
 SILVA, Anónio da, Mentalidade missiológica dos Jesuítas em Moçambique antes de 1759. Esboço ideológico a partir do núcleo documental, Lisbon : Junta de Investigação do Ultrama, 1967, 2 vol.
 SOUSA, José Augusto Alves de, Os Jesuítas em Moçambique, 1541-1991. No cinquentenário do quarto período da nossa Missão, Braga: Libraria Apostolado da Imprensa, 1991
 SOUSA, José. Augusto Alves de & CORREIA, F. da C., 500 anos de evangelização em Moçambique (Paulinas, Maputo, 1998)
 

 
Mozambique
Mozambique
Robert C. Murphy (judge)

Robert Charles Murphy (October 9, 1926 – October 31, 2000) was a Maryland lawyer and jurist.  He served as Chief Judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, from 1972 to October 9, 1996, the same that day he turned 70 years old. Seventy is the Maryland State Constitution's mandatory retirement age for judges, which Murphy unsuccessfully attempted to raise to 75 years old.  Murphy was 45 years old when he was appointed by then Governor Marvin Mandel, making Murphy the youngest chief judge in Maryland state history.

Early life and career 
Robert Charles Murphy was born in Baltimore and attended Baltimore public schools, including Forest Park Senior High School.  He served in the United States Navy from 1944 to 1946.  He graduated from the University of Maryland Law School with a Juris Doctor in 1951. In 1952, he was admitted to the Maryland bar.

From 1955 to 1966, Murphy worked for the office of the Attorney General of Maryland, and in 1966, became Attorney General.

After his mandatory retirement as Chief Judge in 1996, the Maryland Court of Appeals building in Annapolis was renamed and dedicated in his honor as the Robert C. Murphy Courts of Appeal Building.

Personal life

Murphy was married to Helen Murphy. They had three children, Karen, Thomas and Kathy, and seven grandchildren.

His daughter, Karen Murphy Jensen, served as judge for the Circuit Court of Caroline County, Maryland from 1999 to 2016, and currently holds senior judge status.

He was Catholic.

External links
Robert C. Murphy (1926-2000), Archives of Maryland (Biographical Series), at the Maryland State Archives
Tributes to Chief Judge Robert C. Murphy, William H. Rehnquist, Lawrence F. Rodowsky, Alan M. Wilner, & Dennis M. Sweeney, 56 Md. L. Rev. 625 (1997).  Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mlr/vol56/iss3/3

References

1926 births
2000 deaths
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Chief Judges of the Maryland Court of Appeals
Maryland Attorneys General
United States Navy sailors
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law alumni
20th-century American judges
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2001

14th CFCA Awards
February 25, 2002

Best Film: 
 Mulholland Dr. 
The 14th Chicago Film Critics Association Awards, given on 25 February 2002, honored the finest achievements in 2001 filmmaking.

Winners

Best Actor:
Gene Hackman - The Royal Tenenbaums
Best Actress:
Naomi Watts - Mulholland Drive
Best Cinematography:
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring - Andrew Lesnie
Best Director:
David Lynch - Mulholland Drive
Best Film:
Mulholland Drive
Best Foreign Language Film:
Le fabuleux destin d'Amélie Poulain (Amélie), France
Best Score:
"The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring" - Howard Shore
Best Screenplay:
Memento - Christopher Nolan
Best Supporting Actor:
Steve Buscemi - Ghost World
Best Supporting Actress:
Cameron Diaz - Vanilla Sky
Most Promising Director:
Todd Field
Most Promising Newcomer:
Audrey Tautou

References
https://web.archive.org/web/20120515203059/http://www.chicagofilmcritics.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=58

 2001
2001 film awards
Edit menu

The Edit menu is a menu-type graphical control element found in most computer programs that handle files, text or images. It is often the second menu in the menu bar, next to the file menu.

Whereas the file menu commonly contains commands about handling of files, such as open, save, and print, the edit menu commonly contains commands relating to the handling of information within a file, e.g. cut and paste and selection commands. In addition, it may also be home to the undo and redo commands, especially in word processors. It may also contain commands for locating information, e.g. find commands. In graphics-oriented programs, it often contains commands relating to the manipulation of images, for example the crop command.

Graphical control elements
Catholic Church in Namibia

The Catholic Church in Namibia is part of the Catholic Church under the universal, direct jurisdiction of the supreme Vicar of Christ, the Bishop of Rome and the Catholic world, the Pope.

As of 2020, there were 480,000 Catholics in Namibia, about 19.2% of the total population; there were 101 priests and 452 nuns serving across 99 parishes.

The country is divided into two dioceses, including one archdiocese together with an Apostolic Vicariate. The archbishop is Liborius Ndumbukuti Nashenda.

See also
Religion in Namibia
List of Catholic dioceses in Namibia

References

Sources
 Archdiocese of Windhoek Catholic-hierarchy.org 

 
Namibia
Namibia
Match Day (video game)

Match Day is a football computer game, published by Ocean Software in 1984 for the ZX Spectrum. It is the first game in the Match Day series, and was the creation of programmer Jon Ritman and Chris Clarke. Versions were later released for the Amstrad CPC and PCW, BBC Micro, Commodore 64 and MSX systems.

Background
Jon Ritman met Chris Clarke, formerly of Crystal Computing, at Artic Computing in 1983 where Clarke was marketing Bear Bovver, Ritman's latest game for the company. They decided on going freelance to produce a football game after discovering that distributors wanted to see a ZX Spectrum game comparable to International Soccer on the Commodore 64. By chance Ritman met David Ward, co-founder of Ocean Software, at a computer show and told him what he was working on. Several months later Ward called Ritman and offered him a £20,000 advance for the game which he accepted immediately. Ocean licensed the theme tune from Match of the Day from the BBC but not the title, naming it Match Day instead.

Gameplay

This was the first soccer game for the ZX Spectrum where large moving footballers characters could dribble, throw-in, take corners, etc. The game uses modified sprites from a Ritman's previous title Bear Bovver to create an almost isometric, but still ultimately side-on football title.

The game had 8 teams that the player could choose, such as Ritman Rovers, Clarke PR and Ocean United.  Players could rename the teams and redefine the team colours.

Reception
Match Day was released in late 1984 and became a best-seller over the Christmas period reaching number 2 in the charts behind Ghostbusters. The BBC micro version ported by Chris Roberts reached the top of the BBC charts in September 1985. Match Day sold over 50,000 copies

Legacy 
The sequel, Match Day II was much the same but incorporated two features still used today in most football titles - a deflection system, the ball could bounce off players, which meant headers were possible, and a shot power system, although it was as easy to accidentally backheel the ball with this system, as it was to hit a powerful shot.  The game is also similar to a previously, not published game by Jon Ritman, Soccerama.

Later, in 1995, Jon Ritman tried to release Match Day III, but the name of the game was changed to Super Match Soccer to avoid any potential legal issues.

References

External links

It Really Is All Over at Eurogamer
History of Computer Soccer at members.lycos.co.uk/Crispin_S

1984 video games
ZX Spectrum games
BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
Amstrad CPC games
Commodore 64 games
Association football video games
Video games scored by Martin Galway
Ocean Software games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Catholic Church in Niger

The Catholic Church in Niger is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

In 2005 there were approximately 16,000 Catholics in Niger. They were based in two dioceses: the Diocese of Maradi (approximately 1,000) and the much larger Diocese of Niamey (approximately 15,000).

In 2020, figures showed that 0.09% of the country's population was Catholic.  In the same year, 61 priests and 88 nuns served across 25 parishes.

The bishops are members of the Conference of Bishops of Burkina Faso and of Niger. Séraphin François Rouamba is the President of the Episcopal Conference and also is Archbishop of Koupela (Burkina Faso). Niger is a member of the Regional Episcopal Conference of Francophone West Africa and Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar.

In 2023, the Apostolic Nuncio to Niger (and Burkina Faso) is Michael Francis Crotty.

See also
Religion in Niger
Christianity in Niger
Apostolic Nunciature to Niger

References

External links
 GCatholic website 
 Catholic Hierarchy website 

 
Niger
Niger
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2002

15th CFCA Awards
January 8, 2003

Best Film: 
 Far from Heaven 
The 15th Chicago Film Critics Association Awards, given on 8 January 2003, honored the finest achievements in 2002 filmmaking.

Winners

Best Actor: 
Daniel Day-Lewis – Gangs of New York
Best Actress: 
Julianne Moore – Far from Heaven
Best Cinematography: 
Far from Heaven
Best Director: 
Todd Haynes – Far from Heaven
Best Documentary Feature: 
Bowling for Columbine
Best Film: 
Far from Heaven
Best Foreign Language Film: 
Y Tu Mamá También (And Your Mother Too), Mexico/USA
Best Score: 
Far from Heaven
Best Screenplay: 
Adaptation. – Charlie and Donald Kaufman
Best Supporting Actor: 
Dennis Quaid – Far from Heaven
Best Supporting Actress: 
Meryl Streep – Adaptation.
Most Promising Filmmaker: 
Dylan Kidd – Roger Dodger
Most Promising Performer: 
Maggie Gyllenhaal – Secretary, Adaptation. and Confessions of a Dangerous Mind

References
http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,406841,00.html Chicago awards winners

 2002
2002 film awards