alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
California State Route 201

State Route 201 (SR 201) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves Fresno and Tulare counties in the Central Valley. It connects State Route 99 in Kingsburg with State Route 245 at Elderwood. State Route 201 forms a short concurrency with State Route 63 near Calgro.

Route description
The route begins at State Route 99 in Kingsburg, Fresno County with an interchange. It then exits the county and enters Tulare County, where it meets County Route J31 and County Route J19. It then meets State Route 63 for a short concurrency. Upon leaving, it intersects County Route J15 and County Route J23 before meeting its east end at State Route 245 in Elderwood.

SR 201 is not part of the National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.

Major intersections

See also

References

External links

California @ AARoads.com - State Route 201
California Highways: SR 201

201
State Route 201
State Route 201
William of Heytesbury

William of Heytesbury, or William Heytesbury, called in Latin  Guglielmus Hentisberus or Tisberus (c. 1313 – 1372/1373), was an English philosopher and logician, best known as one of the Oxford Calculators of Merton College, Oxford, where he was a fellow.

Life
Heytesbury had become a fellow of Merton by 1330. In his work he applied logical techniques to the problems of divisibility, the continuum, and kinematics. His magnum opus was the Regulae solvendi sophismata (Rules for Solving Sophisms), written about 1335.

He was Chancellor of the University of Oxford for the year 1371 to 1372.

Works 
 1335 - Regulae solvendi sophismata (Rules for Solving Sophisms) 
 1. On insoluble sentences 
 2. On knowing and doubting 
 3. On relative terms  
 4. On beginning and ceasing 
 5. On maxima and minima 
 6. On the three categories (De tribus praedicamentis)
 1483 - De probationibus conclusionum tractatus regularum solvendi sophismata (On the Proofs of Conclusions from the Treatise of Rules for Resolving Syllogisms) - Pavia
 Liber Calculationum

Notes

Further reading 
 Sylla, Edith (1982), "The Oxford Calculators", in Norman Kretzmann, Anthony Kenny & Pinborg (edd.), The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy.
 Murdoch, John (1982), "Infinity and Continuity", in Kretzmann, Kenny & Pinborg (edd.), The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy.
 Curtis, Wilson (1956), William Heytesbury. Medieval Logic and the Rise of Mathematical Physics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

External links 
 

14th-century English mathematicians
14th-century philosophers
14th-century English writers
14th-century writers in Latin
Scholastic philosophers
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
Raiders of the Lost Car Park

Raiders of the Lost Car Park is a novel by British author Robert Rankin. It is the second book in the Cornelius Murphy trilogy, sequel to The Book of Ultimate Truths and prequel to The Most Amazing Man Who Ever Lived. It documents the continuing adventures of Cornelius Murphy and his companion Tuppe. The novel was first published by Doubleday in 1994. The book's name is a play on Raiders of the Lost Ark, an Indiana Jones movie.

References 

Novels by Robert Rankin
1994 British novels
British fantasy novels
Doubleday (publisher) books
Introns (album)

Introns is a remix album by the American rock band LCD Soundsystem, released in March 2006 through DFA as a digital download. It is a compilation of B-sides and remixes from the band's eponymous debut album and associated singles. The cover image shows James Murphy's record collection.

Three of the tracks are from a session recorded for London radio station Xfm. The session version of "Slowdive", a Siouxsie and the Banshees cover, was originally on the "Disco Infiltrator" single.

Track listing

References

LCD Soundsystem albums
2006 remix albums
DFA Records remix albums
Millhouses engine shed

Millhouses engine shed was an engine shed in Millhouses, Sheffield. It was built by the Midland Railway in 1901 as Ecclesall engine shed, to serve the Midland Main Line. It was used mainly to stable passenger and mixed-traffic locomotives for use on trains from the nearby Sheffield Midland station. The shed was built next to Millhouses railway station; it had 8 dead end roads, and could handle about forty steam locomotives. Ecclesall shed was renamed Millhouses in 1920. Millhouses bore the shed code 25A, then 19B in 1935 and finally 41C in 1958.

Locomotives
During LMS ownership the shed was home mostly to 4-4-0 engines until the arrival of Jubilee steam engines in 1937. In 1959 the shed had an allocation of thirty-three engines, including twelve Jubilee steam engines. 1960 saw the arrival of seven Royal Scots.

Closure
Millhouses shed closed on 1 January 1962, the shed's remaining engines were transferred to Canklow, Barrow Hill Engine Shed and Staveley Great Central.

In December 2015 it was demolished and the site is now on the market as development land.

The former shed yard is now the home of the large Tesco supermarket on Abbeydale Road

Picture gallery

References
The Midland Line in Sheffield. Peter Fox, 1990, Sheffield: Platform 5 Publishing Ltd. .
North Midland: Portrait of a Famous Route,. B Pixton, 2000, Cheltenham: Runpast Publishing. 
Rail Centres n°11: Sheffield. S. Batty, 1984, Nottingham: Booklaw Publications. 

Railway depots in Yorkshire
Rail transport in Sheffield
Xun Chen

Xun Chen, courtesy name Youruo, was an official who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Born in the influential Xun family of Yingchuan Commandery (around present-day Xuchang, Henan), he was the fourth brother of Xun Yu and a second cousins once removed of Xun You. He initially served as an adviser to the warlord Han Fu and later to another warlord, Yuan Shao.

Life
Xun Chen's ancestral home was in Yingyin County (潁陰縣), Yingchuan Commandery (穎川郡), which is in present-day Xuchang, Henan. He was born in the influential Xun family as the fourth son of Xun Gun (荀緄), who served as the Chancellor (相) of the Jinan State (濟南國) under the Han government.

Xun Chen served as an adviser to the warlord Han Fu, who was the Governor (牧) of Ji Province. In 191, the warlord Yuan Shao, acting on advice from Pang Ji, secretly contacted another warlord Gongsun Zan to form an alliance to attack Ji Province and agreed to divide Han Fu's territories between them. Gongsun Zan then attacked Han Fu and defeated him in battle. Yuan Shao then sent his nephew Gao Gan to meet Han Fu's close aides, including Xin Ping, Xun Chen and Guo Tu, to persuade Han Fu to hand over Ji Province to him to prevent the province from falling into Gongsun Zan's hands. Xun Chen and the others successfully convinced Han Fu to cede control of Ji Province to Yuan Shao, by assuring him that Ji Province would be better in Yuan Shao's hands and that Han Fu himself would remain safe after giving up his governorship. Xun Chen, along with other former subordinates of Han Fu, then joined Yuan Shao and became one of his advisers.

In 199, after Yuan Shao defeated Gongsun Zan at the Battle of Yijing and took over his territories, he planned to launch a campaign against the warlord Cao Cao, who controlled the figurehead Han emperor, Emperor Xian, and the Han central government. He put his eldest son Yuan Tan in charge of Qing Province, second son Yuan Xi in charge of You Province, nephew Gao Gan in charge of Bing Province, and started mobilising troops from his territories in preparation for the campaign. Xun Chen served as a strategist in Yuan Shao's camp during the Battle of Guandu.

Xun Chen's eventual fate is not recorded in history.

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
 
 Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).
 Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian.

2nd-century births
Year of death unknown
Government officials under Yuan Shao
Wesley Brown

Wesley Brown may refer to:

Wes Brown (born 1979), English football player
Wesley A. Brown (1927–2012), first African-American to graduate from the U.S. Naval Academy
Wesley E. Brown (1907–2012), U.S. District Court judge and oldest federal judge in American history at the time of his death
Wesley Brown (writer) (born 1945), American writer based in Atlanta, Ga.
Trade Empires

Trade Empires is a pausable real-time strategy game developed by Frog City Software in San Francisco and published by Take-Two Interactive and Eidos Interactive. In the game, players build transportation and trade networks that evolve over the course of centuries as technology develops. It was released on October 20, 2001, for Microsoft Windows. During development its working title was The Silk Road; however, this was changed by Take-Two and Eidos as they were concerned about the title being too highbrow.

Gameplay
The game features 19 campaign scenarios based on historical trading periods in human history. A step-by-step walkthrough is playable by users on the Learn to Play mode for the Shang dynasty of China (1700–1100 BC). The game imitates the historical period through the supply and demand process of that time. Goods such as rice, millet, silk cloth and jade idols are traded during the campaign. The Tang and Song era (AD 615–1280) of China is also depicted, although not as a Learn to Play option.

Other Asian trading periods include First Civilization (2500–2310 BC); based around the regions of the Indus Valley, Afghanistan, Zagros, Mesopotamia and Assyria.

Reception

According to review aggregator website Metacritic, Trade Empires holds a score of 69, indicating "mixed or average" reviews, based on nine reviews.

References

External links

2001 video games
Business simulation games
Eidos Interactive games
Trade simulation games
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Windows-only games
Take-Two Interactive games
Eutelsat 31A

Eutelsat 31A, formerly e-Bird, Eurobird 3 and Eutelsat 33A, is a communications satellite that offers capacity for broadband and broadcast services in Europe. It is owned by Eutelsat.

Positioned at 31° East - having been relocated from 33° East in May 2014 - Eutelsat 31A is optimised for interactive broadband services, and also valued by broadcasters for occasional use and professional video services, and data networks like Estar by Technologie Satelitarne service.

Its 20 Ku band transponders are connected to four spot beams over Europe and Turkey. These four beams overlap to allow hubs located in the hot spots of each beam to communicate with each other, thus ensuring highly effective pan-European coverage.

References 

Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Spacecraft launched in 2003
Satellites using the HS-376 bus
Eutelsat satellites
Ariane commercial payloads
David Cunliffe-Lister, 2nd Earl of Swinton

David Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister, 2nd Earl of Swinton, JP, DL (21 March 1937 – 26 March 2006), styled Lord Masham from 1955 to 1972, was a British peer and politician.

Background
David Cunliffe-Lister was the son of the Hon. John Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister and his wife Anne Irvine Medlicott. His father died in 1943 of wounds received action in during World War II. David was educated at Winchester College and the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester.

His grandfather, Philip Cunliffe-Lister, who was created Viscount Swinton in 1935 and Earl of Swinton in 1955, had been an MP and a veteran of 11 Conservative cabinets. His great-grandfather was Samuel Lister, the founder of Lister's Mill in Bradford. Before the nationalisation of the coal industry, the family had owned the colliery in Featherstone and David never forgot his links with the area, being a fervent supporter, as well as president of, Featherstone Rovers Rugby League Club.

Cunliffe-Lister succeeded as the 2nd Earl of Swinton on the death of his grandfather in 1972 and served as Deputy Chief Whip in the House of Lords under Margaret Thatcher from 1982 to 1986. He was also government spokesman on agriculture and education from 1983 to 1986. He left the House of Lords following the House of Lords Act 1999.

Personal life
In 1959, he married Susan Lilian Primrose Sinclair who was created a life peer as Baroness Masham of Ilton in 1970. He and his wife were one of the few couples who both held noble titles in their own right. They adopted two children, Claire and Jessie.

Later life
Lord Swinton was a member of the North Riding of Yorkshire County Council 1961–1974, and of its successor, North Yorkshire County Council, 1973–1977. He was also a magistrate and Deputy Lieutenant of North Yorkshire. He was also formerly a member of the Countryside Commission and a director of the Leeds Permanent Building Society.

Death
Dogged by illness for the last 10 years of his life, Swinton suffered a stroke and was disabled by its effects and those of Parkinson's disease. He also suffered from diabetes and eventually cancer. He died 5 days after his 69th birthday. His funeral took place at St Mary's Church, Masham, on 6 April 2006. He was succeeded in the earldom and viscountcy by his younger brother Nicholas.

Notes

References
2nd Earl of Swinton, DL (1937-2006) – Google Peerage News Group

External links

1937 births
2006 deaths
Members of North Yorkshire County Council
Deputy Lieutenants of the North Riding of Yorkshire
Conservative Party (UK) Baronesses- and Lords-in-Waiting
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of the Royal Agricultural University
Deaths from diabetes
Deaths from cancer in England
Spouses of life peers
English justices of the peace
Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers
2
Members of North Riding County Council
Swinton
Titanic Quarter railway station

Titanic Quarter railway station (sometimes still referred to as Bridge End) is located in the townland of Ballymacarrett in east Belfast. It is a short walk from the SSE Arena and Titanic Quarter.

History
Bridge End (as it was known when it opened on Monday 9 May 1977) replaced the nearby Ballymacarrett station (opened 1 May 1905 and closed on Monday 9 May 1977). The platforms of this station can still be seen from passing trains, as can the platforms for Victoria Park, another station before Sydenham which closed in the late 1980s.

Bridge End station was officially renamed "Titanic Quarter" in March 2012 to coincide with the opening of developments in the nearby Titanic Quarter area. In addition, there is planned work which will include improvements to pedestrian and cycle access and new signage from the rail halt into the Quarter.

Service
Mondays to Saturdays, there is a half-hourly service westbound towards ,  or , and eastbound to Bangor. Extra services operate at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly operation in the evenings.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Railway stations in Belfast
Railway stations opened in 1977
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations opened by NI Railways
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1970s
Haidinger fringe

Haidinger fringes are interference fringes formed by the interference of monochromatic and coherent light to form visible dark and bright fringes. Fringe localization is the region of space where fringes with reasonably good contrast are observed.

Haidinger fringes are fringes localized at infinity. Also known as fringes of equal inclination, these fringes result when light from an extended source falls on a thin film made of an optically denser medium. These fringes indicate the positions where light interferes, emerging from the medium at an equal angle. They are also observed in Fabry-Pérot and Michelson interferometers. They can be observed by introducing a converging lens between the film and observation plane with focus of the lens lying in observation plane.

See also
Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger
Haidinger's brush

References
 
 

Specific

Interference
Sydenham railway station (Northern Ireland)

Sydenham railway station is located in the townland of Ballymisert in east Belfast, and is within walking distance of Belfast City Airport and Victoria Park. The station is unstaffed, and was opened on 1 November 1851.

Service

Mondays to Saturdays there is a half-hourly westbound service towards , ,  or  in one direction, and a half-hourly eastbound service towards  and Bangor in the other, with extra services at peak times.

In the evenings, the service reduces to hourly operation. Certain peak time trains will also terminate at  or , and some peak-time express trains will pass through this station without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

External links

Railway stations in Belfast
Airport railway stations in the United Kingdom
Railway stations served by NI Railways
1851 establishments in Ireland
Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in 1851
California State Route 202

State Route 202 (SR 202) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves as a spur route from State Route 58 in Tehachapi in Kern County to the California Correctional Institution.

A portion of SR 202 is overlapped with SR 58 Business. That portion follows the alignment of decommissioned U.S. Route 466.

Route description
The road begins with its western terminus at the California Correctional Institution in Cummings Valley along West Valley Boulevard, its name for part of the route. SR 202 then heads eastward through a farmland area before entering a suburb area of Tehachapi. The road then abruptly turns north toward SR 58 Business where it is concurrent with the business route through town to its eastern end at State Route 58 with an interchange.

SR 202 is part of the National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.

Major intersections

See also

References

External links

California @ AARoads.com - State Route 202
California Highways: SR 202

202
State Route 202
Tehachapi, California
Planning and Compensation Act 1991

The Planning and Compensation Act 1991 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom to amend the law relating to town and country planning.

It was intended to extend the powers to acquire by agreement land which may be affected by carrying out public works, to amend the law relating to compulsory acquisition of land and to compensation where persons are displaced from land or the value of land or its enjoyment may be affected by public works, to provide, in the case of compensation payable in respect of things done in the exercise of statutory powers, for advance payments and payments in interest, and to repeal Part X of the Highways Act 1980.

Background 
The Act was intended to implement recommendations derived from a report by Mr Robert Carnwath QC for HMSO and proposals from a consultation which was published by the Department of the Environment in July 1989.

Planning provisions 
This Act created two new procedures for a local planning authority to enforce breaches of planning permission in sections 1 and 2. A planning contravention notice is used if the authority suspects that there has been a breach but it either wishes to discuss the potential breach with the owner or occupier or does not have enough evidence to proceed. It can require information about the operations and uses of the property as related to the planning conditions. If the owner gives false information or fails to comply within 21 days, a criminal offence is committed.

A breach of condition notice provides a remedy for breaches of condition without impeding the power of the authority to issue an enforcement notice or an injunction. The property owner cannot appeal this notice and can face criminal charges for non-compliance.

The new power in section 3 to apply to the High Court or County Court for an injunction in the case of a breach of planning control extends the power in section 222 of the Local Government Act 1972.

Compensation provisions 
Section 31 of the Act repealed the Unexpended Balance of Development Value Rules.

References

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1991
United Kingdom planning law
English property law
Eminent domain
Nicholas Cunliffe-Lister, 3rd Earl of Swinton

Nicholas John Cunliffe-Lister, 3rd Earl of Swinton (4 September 1939 – 21 March 2021), styled the Hon. Nicholas Cunliffe-Lister from 1955 to 2006, was a British peer.

The younger grandson of the first Earl, he became Earl of Swinton on the death of his older brother, the 2nd Earl, on 26 March 2006. Their father, Major Hon. John Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister, the son and heir of Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton, had been killed in action in 1943.


Family
Swinton's first wife was the Hon. Elizabeth Susan Whitelaw, eldest daughter of the 1st Viscount Whitelaw, whom he married in 1966.  She was appointed Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire in July 2005.

He had two sons and one daughter by his first wife:

 Lady Lorna Mary Cunliffe-Lister (born 1968) married 2001 to William Parker.
 Mark William Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 4th Earl of Swinton, previously styled Lord Masham (born 15 September 1970), who has been married since 17 June 2000 to Felicity C. Shadbolt. The couple have bought back and restored Swinton Park.  They have two sons and one daughter. Lady Swinton is an elected Liberal Democrat member of North Yorkshire Council.
 Hon. Simon Charles Cunliffe-Lister (born 1977), now of Burton Agnes Hall

Before he became Lord Swinton, Cunliffe-Lister and Susan Whitelaw divorced, and in 1996 he married secondly Pamela June Wood, the former wife of Jeremy Sykes, of the Sykes family of Sledmere.

Swinton died in March 2021 at the age of 81. He was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son, the Honourable Mark William Philip Cunliffe-Lister, previously styled Lord Masham.

References

External links 
2nd Earl of Swinton, DL (1937-2006) – Google Peerage News Group
Announcement of his succession at the House of Lords

Cunliffe-Lister, Nicholas John
Cunliffe-Lister, Nicholas John
Swinton, Nicholas John Cunliffe-Lister, 3rd Earl
3
People from Masham
Holywood railway station (Northern Ireland)

Holywood railway station serves Holywood in County Down, Northern Ireland.

History
The Belfast and County Down Railway (B&CDR) opened the line between Queen's Quay, Belfast and Holywood on 2 August 1848. Holywood was a terminus until May 1865, when the Belfast, Holywood and Bangor Railway (BH&BR) opened from Holywood to Bangor. In 1859 the B&CDR sold its Holywood branch to the BH&BR, with the result that Holywood station came under BH&BR management. However, the B&CDR leased the BH&BR line from 1878 and took it over in 1884, which meant that Holywood station returned to its original management and ownership.

When BH&BR opened in 1865 it was single track. In response to increased traffic the B&CDR doubled the track in stages between 1897 and 1902. In 1911 Holywood station handled passenger and parcel traffic, while its goods yard offered facilities for goods, general livestock, horses and prize cattle. Carriages could be conveyed by passenger train.

The Ulster Transport Authority withdrew Holywood's goods services on 24/04/1950. Translink had the station refurbished in 2008.

Service
From Mondays to Saturdays there is a half hourly service westwards to , , , ,  or  in one direction, and eastwards to  and Bangor in the other. More frequent trains run at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly in the evenings.

Some peak-hour services run only as far as Belfast Central, or pass through Holywood without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Sources

External links

Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Holywood, County Down
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in 1848
Apstar 2R

Apstar 2R, also known as Telstar 10 and SinoSat 1C located at 76.5°E, is a communications satellite equipped with 27 C band and 24 Ku band transponders (36 MHz equivalents). The C band payload provides coverage of Asia, Australia, parts of Europe and Africa. The Ku band payload covers Korea and China, including Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan. Telstar 10, which hosts one of the most extensive cable neighborhoods in Asia, distributes cable television programming, direct-to-home services, telecommunications, as well as Internet and VSAT (very small aperture terminal) services.

See also
 Apstar 2

References

External links
List of Active Channel on Telstar 10
 

Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Satellites using the SSL 1300 bus
Communications satellites of China
1997 in China
Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990

The Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990 (c 11) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to make provision for repeals, consequential amendments, transitional and transitory matters and savings in connection with the consolidation of enactments in the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 and the Planning (Hazardous substances) Act 1990 (including provisions to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission).

References
"Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990". Scottish Current Law Statutes Annotated 1990. Sweet & Maxwell. London. W Green & Son. Edinburgh. 1990. Volume 2. Chapter 11.
"Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990". Halsbury's Statutes of England and Wales. Fourth Edition. 2010 Reissue. LexisNexis. Volume 34(2). Page 694 et seq.
"The Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990". Halsbury's Statutes of England. Third Edition. Butterworths. London. 1991. Binder 60: Continuation Binder 1990. Page 879 et seq. 
Brian Greenwood (ed). "Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990". Butterworths Planning Law Handbook. Third Edition. Butterworths. London, Dublin and Edinburgh. 1992. Page 453 et seq. Paragraph [510] et seq.
Halsbury's Laws of England. Fourth Edition. Reissue. LexisNexis Butterworths. 2005. Volume 46(3). Title "Town and Country Planning". Passim.
Barry Denyer-Green and Navjit Ubhi. Development and Planning Law. Fourth Edition. EG Books, an imprint of Elsevier. 2010. Page 34.
Richard Harwood. Planning Permission. Bloomsbury Professional. 2016. Paragraphs 1.13, 17.47 and 25.49.
Richard Harwood. Planning Enforcement. Second Edition. Bloomsbury Professional. 2013. Paragraphs 1.09, 6.43 and 19.02.
"Summaries of Cases" and "Ministerial Planning Decisions" (2002) Journal of Planning and Environment Law 886 and 1408 Google

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1990
United Kingdom planning law
Cathedral Caves

The Cathedral Caves are two connected limestone sea caves located on Waipati Beach,  south of Papatowai, on the Catlins Coast in the southeast corner of New Zealand's South Island. The two main cave systems join together within the cliff and one has a  high ceiling. Often blue penguins and fur seals will emerge from the gloom at the far end of the cave.

The 199m-long cave is formed in Jurassic sandstone (about 160 million years old) of the Murihiku Terrane, though the cave itself is much younger, ten to hundreds of thousands of years old. They were named by Thomas Hocken who noted how the caves reverberated noise and their resemblance to European cathedrals. The caves are only accessible for an hour either side of low tide. They are managed by Kāi Tahu descendants.

References

External links

Official website - Information about the caves, including tide charts and pictures

Rock formations of Otago
Coastline of New Zealand
Caves of New Zealand
Southern Scenic Route
Sea caves
The Catlins
Tourist attractions in Otago
Clutha District
Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990

The Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990 (c 10) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to consolidate certain enactments relating to special controls in respect of hazardous substances with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission.

References
"Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990". Scottish Current Law Statutes Annotated 1990. Sweet & Maxwell. London. W Green & Son. Edinburgh. 1990. Volume 2. Chapter 10.
"Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990". Halsbury's Statutes of England and Wales. Fourth Edition. 2010 Reissue. LexisNexis. Volume 34(2). Page 630 et seq.
"The Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990". Halsbury's Statutes of England. Third Edition. Butterworths. London. 1991. Binder 60: Continuation Binder 1990. Page 853 et seq.
Brian Greenwood (ed). "Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990". Butterworths Planning Law Handbook. Third Edition. Butterworths. London, Dublin and Edinburgh. 1992. Page 415 et seq. Paragraph [467] et seq.
Halsbury's Laws of England. Fourth Edition. Reissue. LexisNexis Butterworths. 2005. Volume 46(3). Title "Town and Country Planning". Passim.
J Cameron Blackhall. "Hazardous Substances". Planning Law & Practice. Cavendish Publishing Limited. Third Edition. 2005. Paragraph 30.5 at page 391 et seq. Second Edition. 2000. Paragraph 31.5 at page 430 et seq.
Victor Moore and Michael Purdue. A Practical Approach to Planning Law. Twelfth Edition. Oxford University Press. 2012. Paragraphs 1.21, 1.22, 10.05, 10.47, 17.01 and 17.37.
Richard Harwood. Planning Enforcement. Second Edition. Bloomsbury Professional. 2013. Paragraphs 1.09, 5.11, 5.20, 5.41, 9.20, 14.02, 14.06, 14.16, 14.19, 20.01, 20.02, 20.04 to 20.07, 20.09.
Chris Miller (ed). Planning and Environmental Protection: A Review of Law and Policy. Hart Publishing. Oxford. Portland, Oregon. 2001. Pages 69 and 71 and see passim for the "P(HS) legislation" (this Act and the subordinate legislation made under it).

United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1990
United Kingdom planning law
Marino railway station (Northern Ireland)

Marino railway station is a railway station in the townland of Ballycultra in Holywood, County Down, Northern Ireland.

History

The Belfast, Holywood and Bangor Railway opened Marino station on 1 December 1870 on land once inhabited by Benedictine monks.

Due to low passenger numbers, the Ulster Transport Authority closed the station on 11 November 1957. However, under public pressure the UTA reopened it on 4 January 1960.

Service
From Mondays to Saturdays there is a half-hourly service to ,  or  in one direction, and to Bangor in the other. More frequent trains run at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly in the evenings. Some peak-hour trains pass through Marino without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations opened in 1870
Railway stations opened in 1960
Reopened railway stations in Northern Ireland
Railway stations opened by the Ulster Transport Authority (UTA)
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1960s
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1870s
Railway stations in Northern Ireland closed in 1957
Illinois Route 41

Illinois Route 41 (IL 41) is a north–south route in rural west-central Illinois. It runs from U.S. Route 136 near Macomb north to U.S. Route 34 and Illinois Route 164 in Galesburg, a distance of . Illinois 41 is maintained by the Illinois Department of Transportation.

Route description 

Illinois 41 begins at a junction with U.S. Route 136 in eastern McDonough County, east of Macomb and north of Adair. The route heads north and intersects Illinois 95 east of Bardolph. Illinois 41 continues north to Bushnell, where it becomes concurrent with Illinois 9. The two highways run northeast until Illinois 41 splits off of Illinois 9 and heads north into Prairie City. The highway leaves Prairie City to the east and enters Fulton County. In Fulton County, Illinois 41 heads north and passes through Avon before entering Knox County. The highway enters St. Augustine in southern Knox County, intersecting Illinois 116 along the village's northern edge. Illinois 41 continues north through Abingdon before entering western Galesburg, where it terminates at a junction with U.S. Route 34 and Illinois 164.

Illinois 41 closely follows the Quincy Line south of Galesburg of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad to the Bushnell wye (Quincy–Hannibal line and Beardstown–Paducah line).  Four daily Amtrak trains travel this rail line section.

History 
Illinois 41 is exactly the same route as SBI Route 41, as instituted in 1918. There have been only minor routing changes, largely at its northern terminus in Galesburg, since its inception.  This route parallels the CB&Q railroad from Galesburg to its southern terminus at U.S. 136.  This route crosses over the CB&Q right-of-way (Galesburg to Beardstown) twice along its  distance.

The southern terminus in McDonough County at U.S. Route 136 is referred to (locally) as the Nine-Mile Y.  The Y in reference to an interchange road architecture historically used on Illinois state routes.  While a few of these still remain throughout the state, most of these Y intersections have been replaced with the safer T-style intersections and stop signs.

Galesburg alignment change 
IL-41 enters Galesburg from the south on Linwood Road.  The historic alignment turned northeast on Monmouth Blvd. through an industrial section between the former Santa Fe mainline to the north and the former CB&Q connector to the south.  At South Henderson, the historic route turned north, crossing the old Santa Fe mainline and terminating at West Main Street U.S. 150 and Illinois Route 164.
This alignment moved west with the completion of U.S. 34 as a four-lane expressway to Monmouth.  IL-41 now proceeds north on an upgraded and wider Linwood Road to West Main Street Illinois Route 164 where it terminates at the nearby access interchange for U.S. 34.

Major intersections

References

External links 

041
Transportation in McDonough County, Illinois
Transportation in Fulton County, Illinois
Transportation in Knox County, Illinois
Galesburg, Illinois micropolitan area
Cultra railway station

Cultra railway station is a railway station in the townland of Ballycultra in Holywood, County Down, Northern Ireland. It serves the Cultra residential area and the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum.

History
The Belfast, Holywood and Bangor Railway was authorised by Act of Parliament on 12 June 1861 and opened in May 1865. The BH&BR crossed the land of some wealthy landowners, whose terms included that Cultra station must be "of an ornamental character" and that "at least One Half of the Trains" must call there, or else the company would be penalised £10 per day.

The BH&BR was originally single track and the only passing loop was at , so Cultra station would have had only one platform. However, the Belfast and County Down Railway took over the BH&BR in 1884 and doubled the track between 1897 and 1902, from which time Cultra has had two platforms. In deference to Cultra's wealthy residents the footbridge between the platforms had a roof, the only bridge so equipped on the B&CDR network.

Cultra station features in the documentary film A Letter from Ulster (1942); the narrator incorrectly describes the station as Coleraine.

Due to low passenger numbers, the Ulster Transport Authority closed the station on 11 November 1957. However, subsequently the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum was established at Cultra. Northern Ireland Railways reopened the station in 1978, primarily to serve the museum.

Service
Mondays to Saturdays there is a half-hourly service westbound to , Belfast Great Victoria Street, ,  or  in one direction, and eastbound to Bangor in the other. More frequent trains run at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly in the evenings.

Some peak-hour trains pass through Cultra station without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Sources

External links

Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in 1865
Railway stations in Northern Ireland closed in 1957
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in 1978
Reopened railway stations in Northern Ireland
Railway stations opened by NI Railways
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1970s
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1860s
Seahill railway station

Seahill railway station is located in the townland of Ballyrobert in the Seahill area of Holywood, County Down, Northern Ireland. The station was opened on 4 April 1966.

Service

Mondays to Saturdays there is a half hourly service towards ,  or  in one direction, and to  in the other. Extra services operate at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly operation in the evenings, certain peak-time express trains will pass through Seahill station without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Railway stations in County Down
Railway stations opened in 1966
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1960s
The Catlins (TV series)

The Catlins is an American prime-time soap opera on Superstation TBS that ran from April 4, 1983, to May 31, 1985. 

Created by Chris McIntyre, it focuses on the lives of two wealthy and feuding families; the Catlin family and the Quinn family.  The show is set in Atlanta, Georgia.

Overview 
Catlin family matriarch, Catherine (Mary Nell Santacroce) was widowed. Her son  T.J., the head of Catlin Industries, a diversified corporation based in Atlanta and his wife, Annabelle, had five children: sons Matthew, Jonathan and Beau and daughters Jennifer and Maggie.  The Quinns were a somewhat evil banking family.  Creepy Medgar Quinn had two sons, Seth and Cullen, who were just as bad as their father, and a less evil daughter Eleanor, who was married into the Catlin family, which only served to inflame the rivalry between the families.  Her murder only served to cause more trouble between the two families.

The show ended in 1985, after 555 episodes. One of the show's more famous alumni was Lisby Larson (she played villainous Vanessa Crane) who went on to play Calla Matthews on Guiding Light not long after The Catlins ended its run in 1985.  Actress Dana Ivey is the daughter of the show's star, Mary Nell Santacroce (Catherine Catlin).

References

External links

1983 American television series debuts
1985 American television series endings
TBS (American TV channel) original programming
Television shows set in Atlanta
Television series by Procter & Gamble Productions
American television soap operas
American primetime television soap operas
English-language television shows
Helen's Bay railway station

Helen's Bay railway station serves Helen's Bay in the townland of Ballygrot, County Down, Northern Ireland.

The station in the grand Scottish Baronial style, built in 1863, was the creation of Lord Dufferin, through whose land the line was laid. His family had their own private entrance and waiting room. The architect was Benjamin Ferrey.

The next station on the line towards Bangor used to be Crawfordsburn, but this was closed in 1997.

Service
Mondays to Saturdays there is a half-hourly westbound service to , , , Belfast Great Victoria Street, ,  or  in one direction, and a half-hourly eastbound service to   and  in the other. Extra services operate at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly operation in the evenings. Certain peak-time express trains will pass through Helen's Bay station without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Bibliography
William Alan McCutcheon, The Industrial Archaeology of Northern Ireland, (Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland 1980)

Railway stations in County Down
Scottish baronial architecture
Railway stations opened in 1865
Railway stations served by NI Railways
Grade A listed buildings
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1860s
Carnalea railway station

Carnalea railway station is located in the townland of Carnalea in northwest Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland.

It was first opened by the B.C.D.R. (Belfast and County Down Railway) on its present site at Station Walk on 1 June 1877 with only an up platform, and a brake van as an office.

Through the advent of wooden villas in the late 19th century, the B.C.D.R. (Belfast and County Down Railway) built a station house on the upside in 1897, most of which still stands. The station master's former dwelling is the oldest building in the area.

The station's low-set signal cabin (disused since the 1930s) and downside shelter have been demolished since the Northern Ireland Railways takeover in 1967. Glass shelters exist on the sites of the former waiting areas.

The station remains popular and many locals commute to Belfast via the station each morning.

Service

From Mondays to Saturdays there is a half-hourly service towards ,  or  in one direction, and  in the other. Extra services operate at peak times, and the service reduces to hourly operation in the evenings. Certain peak-time express trains will pass through Carnalea station without stopping.

On Sundays there is an hourly service in each direction.

References

Railway stations in County Down
Bangor, County Down
Railway stations opened in 1877
Railway stations served by NI Railways
1877 establishments in Ireland
Railway stations in Northern Ireland opened in the 1870s
Land lobster

Land lobster may mean:
The Lord Howe Island stick insect: Dryococelus australis
Bulkier members of the Phasmatodea (stick & leaf insects) in general
Whip scorpion/vinegaroon: Uropygi

Animal common name disambiguation pages
Pedro Rodríguez (politician)

Pedro Rodríguez y Lazala (1869 – October 25, 1932), also known as Nyoy Endong and the Grand Old Man of Bogo was a Filipino politician. He served as Presidente Municipal of Bogo, Cebu and was one of the first members of the Philippine Assembly. 

Rodríguez was born in Medellin, Cebu and he attended the seminary of San Carlos and proceeded to the Ateneo de Manila where he graduated with a B.S. in Agricultural Engineering. He came from wealthy Bogo family with extensive landholdings in the northern sugar-belt towns of the province. Rodríguez was appointed as Municipal President of Bogo between 1898 until 1903. In 1905, he went to Spain as a delegate of the Philippine Assembly. In 1907, his brother, Celestino Rodríguez became senator deputised in the district. During his administration, he was part and given the leadership at the Inauguration of Independence held at the Old Plaza in Cebu, he said: "In our world, there are two respected mountains, namely Mount Sinai and Mount Sudlong. But the Filipinos love most Mount Sudlong because on its top… is where the first Philippine flag was raised in the skies of Cebu… where blood of our brothers spilled to fight for our country…" His high achievement as senator enabled him to become a member of the Nacionalista Party and he also served as a Senatorial District governor.

Two streets and a barangay in Bogo were named after him.

References 

1869 births
1932 deaths
Senators of the 8th Philippine Legislature
Senators of the 7th Philippine Legislature
Visayan people
Nacionalista Party politicians
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
People from Bogo, Cebu

Mayors of places in Cebu
Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Cebu
People from the Spanish East Indies
Members of the Senate of the Philippines from the 10th district
Hyperpituitarism

Hyperpituitarism is a condition due to the primary hypersecretion of pituitary hormones; it typically results from a pituitary adenoma. In children with hyperpituitarism, disruption of growth regulation is rare, either because of hormone hypersecretion or because of manifestations caused by local compression of the adenoma.

Symptoms and signs
Symptoms caused by hormone excess and associated mass effects include:

Cause
The cause of hyperpituitarism in most cases is due to pituitary adenomas. They usually come from the anterior lobe, are functional and secrete the hormone, GH and prolactin.

Mechanism

Evidence indicates that the mechanism of hyperpituitarism can originate from genetic disruption causing pituitary tumorigenesis, most pituitary adenomas are monoclonal, which in turn indicates their origin from an event in a single cell. There are three hormones that are oversecreted resulting in the pituitary adenoma: prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and growth hormone (GH).

Excess prolactin may result in a prolactinoma Excess GH results in gigantism, the severity of gigantism depends on whether the epiphyseal plate is open. The four most common types of hyperpituitarism are caused by 4 types of pituitary adenoma, as follows: prolactinoma, corticotropinoma (Cushing's disease), somatotropinoma (gigantism), and thyrotropinoma .

Diagnosis
For the diagnosis of hyperpituitarism it depends on the cell type(s) affected, clinical manifestations of hormone excess may include, gigantism or acromegaly, which can be identified by clinical and radiographic results. Cushing's disease diagnosis is done with a physical examination, laboratory tests and X rays of the pituitary glands (to locate tumors) For prolactinoma, diagnosis comes in the form of the measurement of serum prolactin levels and x-ray of pituitary gland.

Treatment

Treatment (for hyperpituitarism) in the case of prolactinoma consists of long-term medical management. Dopamine agonists are strong suppressors of PRL secretion and establish normal gonadal function. It also inhibits tumor cell replication (in some cases causes tumor shrinkage) Treatment for gigantism begins with establishing target goals for IGF-1, transsphenoidal surgery (somatostatin receptor ligands- preoperatively) and postoperative imaging assessment. For Cushing's disease there is surgery to extract the tumor; after surgery, the gland may slowly start to work again, though not always.

See also
 Hypopituitarism

References

Further reading

External links 

Pituitary disorders
Illinois Route 10

Illinois Route 10 (IL 10) is an arterial east–west state highway that runs from rural Mason County east to Champaign, a distance of .

Route description

Illinois 10 starts at US 136 about 12 miles east of Havana. The highway heads south to Easton, and then changes direction to reach Mason City and Lincoln. The highway passes through many small towns on the way to Champaign, and it runs through Clinton and by Clinton Lake. The highway closely parallels Interstate 72 for the last 10 miles before reaching US 150 in Champaign.

History
Illinois 10 has undergone major changes since it was initially established. Originally, SBI Route 10 followed Interstate 72 much more closely and ran from Jacksonville to Danville. Over the years, it has been dropped from Jacksonville, reinstated in Decatur, dropped entirely west of Danville, reapplied and dropped in Havana and then finally reapplied east of I-72. This last revision was made in 1974.

Major intersections

References

External links

 Illinois Highway Ends: Illinois Route 10

010
Lincoln, Illinois
Champaign, Illinois
Transportation in Mason County, Illinois
Transportation in Logan County, Illinois
Transportation in DeWitt County, Illinois
Transportation in Piatt County, Illinois
Transportation in Champaign County, Illinois
Johann Melchior Kambly

Johann Melchior Kambly (January 1718 – 12 April 1783) was a Swiss sculptor who took part in the development of the architectural style of Frederician Rococo.

Kambly was born in Zürich.  He worked predominantly as a royal architect in Potsdam and contributed to, among others, Sanssouci Palace, the New Palace, the Chinese House and the New Chambers. No works have been recognized from his Swiss period.  He died in Potsdam.

The name Kambly is also written as Camply or Kambli.

External links
Komander, H. M: Von Schildkröt und bronce d'ormoly, Verein für die Geschichte Berlins e.V.

German sculptors
German male sculptors
1718 births
1783 deaths
Artists from Potsdam