alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Menahem ben Moshe Bavli

Menahem ben Moshe Bavli (Bavli meaning from Mesopotamia), also known as Menahem Ben Moshe ha-Bavli, (died 1571) was a Jewish rabbi and author of the 1571 book Ta'amei Ha-Misvot ("The Reasons For The Precepts").

Life
Although many details about his life are unknown, different stories say he was originally from Italy or Baghdad until moving to a variety of places. In 1522 and 1525, he was a dayan in Trikkala, Ottoman Greece until moving to Erez and also Safed, both in the Land of Israel (Ottoman Syria at the time), where his father and brother, Reuben, accompanied him, where they worked in wool dyeing. Menahem was also a correspondent of Joseph ben Ephraim Karo. Menahem was considered one of the town's best scholars and published Maran le-Even ha-Ezer in which he insinuated being a student of Jacob Beran. He visited Egypt until returning to Safed and eventually going to Hebron in 1540, where was one of a group of important Sephardic Jewish scholars living there in the 16th century, after acquiring land from the Karaites.

Russian-Hebrew poet David Vogel used one of Menachem' works after Vogel visited Paris and Palestine.

References

External links
 Taamei haMitzvos (Reasons for Commandments) by Menahem Ben Moshe HaBavli Recanati

Writers from Baghdad
Rabbis in Hebron
Rabbis in Ottoman Galilee
16th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire
Year of birth missing
1571 deaths
Shebelle Valley

The Shebelle Valley (), also spelled  Shabeelle Valley, is a valley in the Horn of Africa.

It follows the line of the Shebelle River north from the Somali Sea through Somalia and into Ethiopia.

Along with the Jubba Valley and nearby lakes Chamo and Abaya, the valley is considered an Endemic Bird Area by Birdlife International.

See also
Nugaal Valley

References
Jubba and Shabeelle valleys

Shebelle River
Valleys of Ethiopia
Valleys of Somalia
Waldorf Astoria Hotels & Resorts

Waldorf Astoria Hotels & Resorts, formerly The Waldorf-Astoria Collection, is a luxury hotel and resort brand of Hilton Worldwide. It is positioned as the flagship brand within Hilton's portfolio, being used on hotels which offer the highest standards of facilities and service. As of December 31, 2019, it had 32 locations with 9,821 rooms in 15 countries and territories, including 2 that are owned or leased (with 463 rooms) and 30 that are managed (with 9,358 rooms).

History
In January 2006, Hilton Hotels Corporation announced that it would launch a luxury hotel chain called The Waldorf Astoria Collection, branded after its flagship Waldorf Astoria hotel in New York City.

In July 2009, the Dakota Mountain Lodge opened in Park City, Utah; it later dropped the "Dakota Mountain Lodge" title and is now known simply as Waldorf Astoria Park City. It is the first ski resort to join the portfolio. 

In January 2014, the Waldorf Astoria Dubai Palm Jumeirah opened in Dubai, on the Palm Jumeirah. 

In October 2014, Hilton Worldwide announced the sale of the Waldorf Astoria New York hotel to Chinese firm Anbang Insurance Group for $1.95 billion. The Hilton group continues to operate the hotel under a 100-year management contract with the buyer.

Properties

The following tables detail the properties of Waldorf Astoria Hotels & Resorts, in alphabetical order:

Ranking and awards
 The Waldorf Astoria Los Cabos Pedregal and the Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi are consistently ranked among the Best Hotels in the World. Pedregal has also been ranked in the Travel + Leisure World Best Awards every year since 2016, as well as being named the Best Hotel in Mexico by the same publication.
 In 2015, the Waldorf Astoria Jerusalem was ranked the 7th best hotel in the world by the Conde Nast travellers' choice survey.

References

External links

Waldorf-Astoria
Luxury brands
Hotels established in 2006
Luxury hotels
Avraham Avinu Synagogue

The Abraham Avinu Synagogue () is a synagogue in the Jewish Quarter of Hebron. Built by Hakham Malkiel Ashkenazi in 1540, its domed structure represented the physical center of the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Hebron. The synagogue became the spiritual hub of the Jewish community there and a major center for the study of Kabbalah. It was restored in 1738 and enlarged in 1864; the synagogue stood empty since the 1929 Hebron massacre, was destroyed after 1948, was rebuilt in 1977 and has been open ever since.

History

The synagogue is mentioned by Rabbi Naftali Hertz Bachrach in his 1648 book Emek HaMelech. The book deals with the kabbalah, but in the introduction, he mentions a dramatic story about the Avraham Avinu synagogue.

Jordan took control of the area in 1948, and after this time a wholesale market, trash dump and public toilet were placed on the site of the Jewish Quarter. The ruins of the synagogue were turned into a goat and donkey pen.  The adjacent, "Kabbalists' Courtyard" was turned into an abattoir.

In 1971 the Israeli Government approved the rebuilding of the synagogue, courtyard and adjoining buildings. The synagogue was reopened in 1977.

The man instrumental in rebuilding the synagogue was local Hebron resident Ben Zion Tavger. He was a prominent physicist in the Soviet Union at Gorky University noted for his work in the Magnetic Symmetry phenomenon. He moved to Israel in 1972 and became a chair at Tel Aviv University.

Today, the rebuilt synagogue is used each Friday night by the Jewish residents of Hebron to hold prayer services. The synagogue is also open to visitors each day of the week so they can learn about the history of the synagogue, and hold private services.

Today, a plaque with the cover of the book Emek HaMelech and the full text in the original printing hangs on a plaque on the wall of the rebuilt Avraham Avinu synagogue.

See also
List of oldest synagogues

References

Further reading

External links
Photo gallery of Avraham Avinu synagogue including vintage and modern pictures.
Abraham Avinu Synagogue's website
Avraham Avinu Synagogue page on Hebron.com
Video of Prof. Ben Zion Tavgar discussing his excavation of the Avraham Avinu Synagogue (Hebrew)
Video historical overview of Avraham Avinu neighborhood

Buildings and structures in Hebron
Orthodox Judaism in the West Bank
Orthodox synagogues
Synagogues in the West Bank
Jews and Judaism in Hebron
16th-century synagogues
Rebuilt synagogues
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1540
Buildings and structures demolished in 1948
Education and Science Workers' Union (Germany)

The Education and Science Workers’ Union (, GEW) is a trade union in Germany. It has a membership of 280,343 and is one of eight industrial affiliates of the German Confederation of Trade Unions.
Most members are teachers, but it also represents day care workers, social workers, private educators, researchers and professors.

GEW is founding member of the Berlin Energy Table which successfully pushed for a Referendum on the recommunalization of energy supply in Berlin in 2013.

Trusts

Fair Childhood
A charitable trust founded by the trades union GEW with the mission to use education to fight child labour ("Bildung statt Kinderarbeit").

Presidents
1947: Max Traeger
1952: Bernhard Plewe
1958: Max Traeger
1960: Heinrich Rodenstein
1968: Erich Frister
1981: Dieter Wunder
1997: Eva-Maria Stange
2005: Ulrich Thöne
2013: Marlis Tepe
2021: Maike Finnern

References

External links

www.gew.de
www.fair-childhood.eu

German Trade Union Confederation
Education trade unions
Trade unions in Germany
Trade unions established in 1948
GEW

GEW may refer to:
 Education and Science Workers' Union (Germany) (German: )
 Gera language
 Global Entrepreneurship Week
John Ratcliffe Chapman

John Ratcliffe Chapman (January 9,1815 – February 4, 1899) was a British born contractor and engineer. He was the son of John Chapman, a farmer and “contractor for roads and other public works” who built canals and sections of early British railways, notably the London & Birmingham line. When his father died in 1836 John Ratcliffe Chapman took over his father's contracts and went on to build the Aylesbury Railway and part of the North Midland Railway in Yorkshire where he met his wife Mary Pollitt.  With her he emigrated to America in 1842 on HMS Britannia with the great author Charles Dickens aboard. Dickens mentions Chapman briefly as follows in Chapter II of "American Notes, ". . . and that the gentleman carried more guns with him than Robinson Crusoe, wore a shooting-coat, and had two great dogs on board." (Note: An earlier version of this entry named the engineer William Chapman as John Ratcliffe Chapman's father. Birth records from Lincolnshire have shown this to be incorrect.)

Chapman, a man of considerable wealth for the time, purchased several hundred acres along the south shore of Oneida Lake, in Madison County, New York, where he, his wife and their nine sons established many local farms and businesses, including a cheese factory. Chapman invented, designed and manufactured the telescopic rifle sight. He also invented and patented a four-barrel revolving rifle. It is in the possession of a family member living near Rochester, NY. In his book The Improved American Rifle, Chapman documented the first telescopic sights he showed Morgan James how to make. Together they manufactured the Chapman-James sight. Chapman also showed James how to make the most accurate rifles of the day. Several of these rifles are currently on display at the Army Museum at West Point. Chapman's book was published in New York, NY by D. Appleton &. Co. 1848. This work has been reprinted as recently as 1976.

Bibliography
 John Ratcliffe Chapman, "Instructions to Young Marksmen in all that relates to the General Construction, Practical Manipulation, etc., etc., as exhibited in the Improved American Rifle," New York, D. Appleton &. Co. 1848.
 Out of Nowhere: A History of the Military Sniper (Pegler 2004)

References 

https://www.woodlesfordstation.co.uk

Firearm designers
1815 births
1899 deaths
People from Lincolnshire
John Abadie

John W. Abadie (November 4, 1854 – May 17, 1905) was an American professional baseball first baseman who played in Major League Baseball during the  season.  He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Biography
Previously to playing in the majors, John Abadie saw action at first base for a semi-professional team in Easton, Pennsylvania, which was the hardest team to beat in exhibition games. As a result, this team defeated the Philadelphia Athletics, Philadelphia Whites and Brooklyn Atlantics charter teams of the National Association in 1874. Then, when the National Association expanded in 1875, John Abadie and seven of his teammates were drafted because of the Easton team's success.

John Abadie played 12 games with the Philadelphia Centennials and Brooklyn Atlantics during the 1875 season, compiling a batting average of .224 (11 for 49) with four runs scored and five RBI. Additionally, John Abadie became the only player to have a unique triple slash line (.224/.224/.224) in a Major League career.
 
After the 1875 season, the National Association lost five of its teams and was forced to fold. John Abadie returned to playing for independent teams in the Minor Leagues and never appeared in a major league game again.

Death
Abadie died at the age of fifty on May 17, 1905, in Pemberton, New Jersey.

References

External links

1854 births
1905 deaths
19th-century baseball players
Auburn (minor league baseball) players
Baseball players from Philadelphia
Brooklyn Atlantics players
Major League Baseball first basemen
Philadelphia Athletics (minor league) players
Philadelphia Centennials players
People from Pemberton, New Jersey
Nemesis (draughts player)

Nemesis is an English draughts program by Murray Cash. Today Nemesis is no longer commercially available; development stopped years ago.

Nemesis was the strongest program in 2002, when it won the British computer championship against Wyllie, a 16-game match ending +5 =11 in favor of Nemesis and the Computer Checkers World Championship played out in Las Vegas.

The World Championship was a tournament featuring Nemesis, Cake and KingsRow. Each program played each of the others 24 times. The final scores were:
Nemesis 24.5 points (+1 =47 -0, 1 win against Cake)
KingsRow 24 points (+1 =46 -1, 1 win and 1 loss against Cake)
Cake 23.5 Points (+1 =45 -2, 1 win against KingsRow, 1 loss each against Nemesis and Kingsrow)

Nemesis used its own 8-piece endgame tablebase.

External links 
 Nemesis home page

Computer draughts players
TSR Olympia Wilhelmshaven

TSR Olympia Wilhelmshaven is a German sports club based in Wilhelmshaven, Lower Saxony, on the northwestern coast of the country. The football team was a department of the club which also offers its members American football, athletics, table tennis, and triathlon.

History 
Only a small local side, the footballers nonetheless played a half dozen seasons in the second division Regionalliga Nord through the early 1970s. They joined the newly formed 2. Bundesliga Nord for the 1974–75 season when a re-structured second division circuit was created from the best performing and most financially stable clubs of the era's five Regionalliga. A middling club at best in their old division, Wilhelmshaven finished 17th in the re-organized competition and was relegated to the tier III Amateur Oberliga Nord.

In 1992 the sports clubs TSR Olympia Wilhelmshaven and SV Wilhelmshaven merged for economic reasons. Olympias football department withdrew to play in the local city circuit. In 2000 the German Football Association (Deutscher Fussball Bund or German Football Association) refused a proposed re-union with what was now known as SV Wilhelmshaven 92 which was struggling financially.

For the 2009/2010 season the football section of TSR Olympia left the club and joined the football section of WSSV Wilhelmshaven to form FC Olympia 09 Wilhelmshaven. Since then, football is no longer offered by TSR.

Honours
The club's honours:
 Lower Saxony Cup Winners: 1960
 Amateurliga Niedersachsen-West'
 Champions: 1956, 1964

External links 
  
 Official football team site 

Defunct football clubs in Germany
Defunct football clubs in Lower Saxony
Association football clubs established in 1947
Sports clubs and teams established in 1947
Association football clubs disestablished in 2009
Multi-sport clubs in Germany
1947 establishments in Germany
2009 disestablishments in Germany
Wilhelmshaven
2. Bundesliga clubs
Paska

Paska can refer to:
 Paska (bread), a traditional Easter bread in Ukraine
 Paska (singer), a Finnish a cappella rock singer
 Paska, Germany, a municipality in Thuringia, Germany
 Pavol Paška, a Slovak politician
 Paska, a Finnish profanity
 An alternative name of the card game Paskahousu

See also
 Pasca, a town in Colombia
 Paksha, a lunar phase in the Hindu calendar
 Paskha, a Slavic festive dish
Gus Mears

Henry Augustus Mears (1873 – 4 February 1912) was an English businessman, most notable for founding Chelsea Football Club.

He was born in 1873, the son of Joseph and Charlotte Mears.

In 1896, Mears and his brother Joseph purchased the Stamford Bridge Athletics Ground and later the nearby market garden with the intention of turning it into the country's finest football ground and staging high-profile matches there. He failed to persuade Fulham FC chairman Henry Norris to re-locate his club to the ground, and considered selling the land to the Great Western Railway Company, who wished to use it as a coal yard.

Mears was ultimately persuaded not to sell up, and instead decided to found his own team, Chelsea, in March, 1905. The story goes that he was on the verge of giving up on the football project when his Scotch Terrier bit his colleague Fred Parker, who still supported the idea. So impressed was Mears with his friend's reaction, he decided to take his advice.

Mears was on the club's first board of directors, but did not live to see the club achieve any success. His dream of making Stamford Bridge one of England's top stadiums was realised, however, as it staged the FA Cup Final from 1920-23. His descendants continued to own the club until 1982, when his great-nephew Brian sold it to Ken Bates.

Death
Mears died in 1912, and his grave is in the nearby Brompton Cemetery, London.

References

1873 births
1912 deaths
English football chairmen and investors
Chelsea F.C. chairmen and investors
Burials at Brompton Cemetery
19th-century English businesspeople
Arsin, Turkey

Arsin is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 157 km2, and its population is 30,911 (2022). It is on the Black Sea coast, east of the city of Trabzon. The mayor is Muhammet Sait Gürsoy, a member of AKP.

Composition
There are 36 neighbourhoods in Arsin District:

 Atayurt
 Başdurak
 Çardaklı
 Çiçekli
 Çubuklu
 Cudibey
 Cumhuriyet
 Dilek
 Elmaalan
 Fatih
 Fındıklı
 Gölcük
 Gölgelik
 Güneyce
 Güzelyalı
 Harmanlı
 İşhan
 Işıklı
 Karaca
 Konak
 Kuzguncuk
 Nuroğlu
 Oğuz
 Örnek
 Özlü
 Şankaya
 Üçpınar
 Yalı
 Yeniköy
 Yenimahalle
 Yeşilce
 Yeşilköy
 Yeşiltepe
 Yeşilyalı
 Yolaç
 Yolüstü

References

External links
 Head official of a district - Arsin
 Municipality of Arsin
 Arsin Web Portal
 Arsin web page

 
Populated coastal places in Turkey
Populated places in Trabzon Province
Fishing communities in Turkey
Districts of Trabzon Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Çarşıbaşı

Çarşıbaşı (Ottoman Turkish: İskefiye) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 66 km2, and its population is 15,227 (2022). The mayor is Mümin Nuhoğlu (MHP). Çarşıbaşı is 34 km from Giresun, on the west coastal road. Its old name being “İskefiye”, Çarşıbaşı revised their name in 1962. Çarşıbaşı was also called “Pazaronu,” as it was the main place to stay for those traveling to the famous marketplace in Vakfıkebir.

History

Though, people first living in the town of Çarşıbaşı are unknown, legend has it that the “Miletus” tribe were the first group of people to settle in the town of Çarşıbaşı. Miletus moved to Black Sea because of economic purposes, hoping to explore new monetary resources. The Miletus tribe, first settled in on cities on the coast such as Sinop and established colonies, and then advanced to the East of Black Sea. The Miletus then enhanced their authority in Çarşıbaşı by taking control of the surrounding regions and continued their jurisdiction for over 700 years. In the meantime, they controlled Trabzon and territories in the Black Sea by sending missionaries.

After the reign of the Miletus, the Persians ruled Çarşıbaşı and held their power until the Hellenistic period. After the rule of the Persians, the Romans took over Çarşıbaşı and ruled until year 395. During this time, the Roman Empire divided into two and Çarşıbaşı, along with Trabzon went under the control of the East Roman Empire. Latins, then took over the Romans. Then, the Romans with the help of the Bulgarians, came to Trabzon and established the Portus Roman Empire.

The rule of the Portus Roman Empire came to an end as Fatih Sultan Mehmet conquered Trabzon in 1461. Following the victory of Fatih Sultan Mehmet, Çarşıbaşı followed strict policies and became a Turkish and Muslim district, along with many other towns in the Black Sea.

Composition
There are 23 neighbourhoods in Çarşıbaşı District:

 Burunbaşı
 Büyükdere
 Çallı
 Çarşıbaşı
 Erenköy
 Fenerköy
 Gülbahçe
 Kadıköy
 Kaleköy
 Kavaklı
 Kerem
 Kovanlı
 Küçükköy
 Pınarlı
 Şahinli
 Salova
 Samsun
 Serpilköy
 Taşlıtepe
 Veliköy
 Yavuzköy
 Yeniköy
 Zeytinlik

References

External links
 District governor's official website 

Populated places in Trabzon Province
Fishing communities in Turkey
Populated coastal places in Turkey
Districts of Trabzon Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Aursjøen

Aursjøen is a lake in Norway on the border between Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county and Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county. The  lake sits at an elevation of  above sea level and is about  around.

The lake was dammed up in 1953 to provide water for the Aura power station. It flooded together with the nearby lake Gautsjøen. The water in lake Aursjøen flows out to the river Aura which flows through the Eikesdalen valley and eventually to the lake Eikesdalsvatnet.

See also
List of lakes in Norway

References

Molde
Lesja
Lakes of Innlandet
Lakes of Møre og Romsdal
Reservoirs in Norway
Dernekpazarı

Dernekpazarı (formerly: Kondu, Kondualtı) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey. Its area is 89 km2, and its population is 3,761 (2022). The current mayor of the town is Mehmet Aşık (AKP). Dernekpazarı is part of the Solaklı river valley system; it lies between the coastal Of district and the alpine Çaykara district.

History

The history of Dernekpazarı is closely related to the history of the Trabzon, the largest city of the Black Sea Region. Depending who ruled the Trabzon Province, the hill country came under Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman sovereignty. The population consisted largely of Pontic Greeks who converted to Islam during the 17th and 18th centuries. Currently the Of dialect of Pontic Greek (locally called 'Romeyka') is still spoken in the villages and nearly all locally current place names are in Greek. A few residents of the district who retained their Christian faith at the beginning of the 20th century were resettled in the town of Nea Trapezounta, near Katerini in Greece, in the wake of the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923.

Composition
There are 14 neighbourhoods in Dernekpazarı District (Pontic Greek names in brackets):

 Akköse (Ζένο)
 Çalışanlar (Καλανός)
 Çayırbaşı (Χαβάσο)
 Gülen (Βυζίρ)
 Günebakan (Ζενόζενα)
 Güney
 Kondu (Κοντού)
 Merkez
 Ormancık (Μακιδάνος)
 Taşçılar (Φώτγκενε)
 Tüfekçi (Αρσέλα)
 Yenicami
 Yenice (Μαρλαδάς)
 Zincirlitaş (Βετζονά)

References

External links
 District governor's official website 

 
Populated places in Trabzon Province
Districts of Trabzon Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
La Commune (Paris, 1871)

La Commune (Paris, 1871) is a 2000 historical drama film directed by Peter Watkins about the Paris Commune. A historical re-enactment in the style of a documentary, the film received much acclaim from critics for its political themes and Watkins' direction.

Production
La Commune (Paris, 1871) has been noted for its very large cast. It is mainly non-professional, including many immigrants from North Africa. Members did much of their own research for the project. Watkins once said of the film, "The Paris Commune has always been severely marginalized by the French education system, despite - or perhaps because - it is a key event in the history of the European working class, and when we first met, most of the cast admitted that they knew little or nothing about the subject. It was very important that the people become directly involved in our research on the Paris Commune, thereby gaining an experiential process in analyzing those aspects of the current French system which are failing in their responsibility to provide citizens with a truly democratic and participatory process."

Filming
La Commune (Paris, 1871) was shot in just 13 days in an abandoned factory on the outskirts of Paris.

Like many of Watkins' later films, it is quite lengthy - a long cut runs 5 hours and 45 minutes, though the more common version is 3 and a half hours long. The long version is available on DVD. The making of La Commune (Paris, 1871) was documented in the 2001 National Film Board of Canada film The Universal Clock: The Resistance of Peter Watkins, directed by Geoff Bowie.

Critical reception
La Commune (Paris, 1871) received general acclaim from film critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports 100% approval with an average rating of 8/10. On Metacritic, the film holds a mean score of 90/100, indicating "universal acclaim".

J. Hoberman of Sight & Sound magazine wrote, "Watkins restages history in its own ruins, uses the media as a frame, and even so, manages to imbue his narrative with amazing presence. No less than the event it chronicles, La Commune is a triumph of spontaneous action." Jonathan Rosenbaum called it Watkins' "latest magnum opus". Dave Kehr, writing for The New York Times, called it "essential viewing for anyone interested in taking an exploratory step outside the Hollywood norms."

In 2016, Michael Atkinson of The Village Voice listed it as the greatest film since 2000.

See also 
List of longest films by running time

References

Bibliography

External links
 Notes on La Commune from Peter Watkins' website
 
 La Commune Paris 1871  at the NFB
 Peter Watkins' La Commune commentary at The Soche.

2000 films
French black-and-white films
2000s French-language films
Films directed by Peter Watkins
Films about the Paris Commune
2000 drama films
French drama films
2000s French films
Julie Augustyniak

Julie Ann Augustyniak (born February 1, 1979) is an American former professional soccer player who featured primarily as a defender.

Early life 
Augustyniak was born in Norfolk, Virginia and raised in Peachtree City, Georgia. She went to McIntosh High School and then Clemson University. While enrolled, she played for the Clemson Tigers women's soccer team.

Career 
She played for the Atlanta Classics of the W-League from 1997 to 2000, before joining the Beat at the team's inception. She was selected in the eighth round of the 2000 WUSA Draft by the Atlanta Beat as the 64th overall selection. Her twin sister Nancy Augustyniak also played for Atlanta Beat and they were involved in the first instance of two sets of twins that faced each other in a professional game when the Beat played against the Washington Freedom in 2002.

She joined the F.C. Indiana for the 2005 season. The summer of 2006 she played for the Atlanta Silverbacks Women.

Personal life 
She married Christopher Tuff.  She is currently teaching at Holy Inoccent's and coaching at Top Hat.

Career statistics

Club
These statistics are incomplete and currently represent a portion of Augustyniak's career.

References

External links 
 Player profile at Women's United Soccer Association
Julie Augustyniak profile from Atlanta Silverbacks
Twin research: Julie Augustyniak ("Zwillingsforschung") (in German)

1979 births
Living people
People from Peachtree City, Georgia
Sportspeople from Fayette County, Georgia
Sportspeople from Norfolk, Virginia
Soccer players from Georgia (U.S. state)
American women's soccer players
Women's association football defenders
Clemson Tigers women's soccer players
Atlanta Beat (WUSA) players
1. FFC Turbine Potsdam players
F.C. Indiana players
Women's United Soccer Association players
American expatriate women's soccer players
Expatriate women's footballers in Germany
American expatriate soccer players in Germany
Food, Beverages and Catering Union

The Food, Beverages and Catering Union (, NGG) is a trade union in Germany. It has a membership of 205,900 and is one of eight industrial affiliates of the German Confederation of Trade Unions.

Membership
Today, NGG mainly represents employees at major companies such as McDonald's, Nestlé and Unilever in Germany.

Presidents
1949: Gustav Pufal
1950: Ferdinand Warnecke
1951: Hans Nätscher
1962: Alfred Schattanik
1966: Herbert Stadelmaier
1978: Günter Döding
1989: Erich Herrmann
1990: Heinz-Günter Niebrügge
1992: Franz-Josef Möllenberg
2013: Michaela Rosenberger
2018: Guido Zeitler

Notable members
 Olaf Scholz – First Mayor of Hamburg

References

External links

www.ngg.net

German Trade Union Confederation
Food processing trade unions
German food industry organisations
Hospitality industry trade unions
Organisations based in Hamburg
NGG

NGG may refer to:
 Food, Beverages and Catering Union (German: ), a trade union in Germany
 New Great Game
Astra Heights

Astra Heights is an alternative rock band originally from Houston, Texas. They now live and work in Los Angeles.  In 2007 they released a full-length album, Good Problems, on iTunes through Universal Records.

History
Morales brothers Mark, James, Joshua, and Phillip formed Astra Heights in the basement of their parents' house in Houston in 2001. In 2003 Mark, James, and Joshua moved to Los Angeles, while Phillip remained in Texas to pursue a different career path. He was replaced by Bernard Yin, a veteran guitarist who has played with SoCal indie darlings El Vez, Medicine, Pansy Division and The Fuzztones (under a stage name) and others. A record deal shortly followed. Astra Heights recorded their debut album Good Problems for Universal Records with producer David Kahne in 2007.  They later self released an acoustic EP The Engineer's Library in 2008. In 2009, the group worked with acclaimed producer Jack Douglas on new songs and in 2010, Astra Heights independently released Ship of Theseus, produced by Brian Irwin and the band while mixed by Daniel Mendez. Bernard Yin has since performed and/or recorded with Globus, Chum, The Insect Surfers as well as created music for film and television.

Discography
 Good Problems (2007)
 The Engineer's Library (2008)
 Ship of Theseus (2010)

See also
Globus

References

External links
Astra Heights
Astra Heights at Imperativa

Musical groups from Houston
Alternative rock groups from Texas
Musical groups established in 2001
Globus (music)
Lake Elton

Lake Elton (; ) is a salt lake in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, near the border with Kazakhstan. It has an area of 152 km² and is about 0.1 m deep (in spring 0.7 to 0.8 m). Its surface is 18 m below sea level. The lake’s name originates from the Mongol language: “Altyn-Nor” (Golden Bottom). Long ago local nomads used the lake’s mineral-rich mud for skin and respiratory treatments. For centuries, Lake Elton was a favorite location for Russian rulers and nobles. One can still see remnants of Empress Yekaterina II’s “bath” there.

It is the largest mineral lake in Europe and one of the most mineralized in the world. The lake is filled with saturated salt solution. Mineralization is 200-500 g/L. Salt, extracted from the lake since the early 18th century, is used for the production of magnesium chloride. The water contains Dunaliella salina algae that give a reddish shade to the lake. At the bottom of the lake - deposits of salts (mainly NaCl, KCl) and under them a layer of mineral hydrogen sulfide mud.

Transportation 
A bus ride can be taken from Volgograd (6 hours mostly because of long stops in rural towns) and also by train from Saratov and Astrakhan (also 6 hours) can lead travelers to the area.

History 
Salt was excavated from Elton beginning in the early eighteenth century. Before 1865 the government was the excavator; from 1865–1882 the lake was heavily used by private businesses.
 
A spa resort has been located near the lake since 1910 and a sanatorium since 1945. Sulfide silt mud and brine from Elton are claimed to have anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, analgesic, relaxing and revitalizing properties.

Elton Ultra Trail Run 
The Elton Ultra Trail is one of Russia's toughest races. There are two distances of 38 km and 100 miles. It was first organised in 2014.

References

External links
 Photos from Elton
Elton Ultra Trail

Lakes of Volgograd Oblast
Endorheic lakes of Europe
Saline lakes of Europe
Miriam Ashram High School

Miriam Ashram High School is a Catholic secondary school founded by the Servant of God Br. Flavian Laplante, C.S.C. (Congregation of Holy Cross) in 1946 at Diang in Patiya Upazila, Chittagong District, Bangladesh.

References

External links
 https://www.facebook.com/pages/Mariam-Ashram-High-School/198831786829334

Holy Cross secondary schools
Catholic secondary schools in Bangladesh
Educational institutions established in 1946
1946 establishments in India
Schools in Chittagong District
Vinstre

Vinstre is a lake in Innlandet county, Norway. The  lake lies in Øystre Slidre Municipality and the very western tip of the lake crosses over into the neighboring Vang Municipality. The lake sits at an elevation of  above sea level. Vinstre was regulated in connection with the construction of the Øvre Vinstra hydroelectric power plant. The lake Bygdin flows into this lake and on the opposite end, it flows out into the dammed lake Sandvatnet/Kaldfjorden/Øyvatnet which is the headwaters for the river Vinstra.

Along its northern shore runs the Jotunheimvegen summer toll road, built in the 1950s as a result of hydroelectricity development affecting the operation of the earlier milk boat service.

Name
The name of the lake is (maybe) derived from the verb  which means "bend", "twist", or "wind" with the suffix -str added to the end. The name is therefore referring to the twisted shape of the lake. The river Vinstra starts from the lake.

See also
List of lakes in Norway

References

Øystre Slidre
Vang, Innlandet
Lakes of Innlandet
Landulf II of Benevento

Landulf II (died 961), called the Red, was the Lombard prince of Benevento and prince of Capua (as Landulf IV) from 939 or 940, when his father, Landulf I, first associated him with the government. His mother was Gemma, daughter of Athanasius of Naples. He may have been associated as early as 933, when his elder brother, Atenulf III, was made co-regent. His uncle Atenulf II died in 940 and it is likely that Landulf served as a replacement. Landulf married Yvantia on an unknown date.

Whatever the case, when the elder Landulf died on 10 April 943, Landulf removed his elder brother Atenulf to Benevento and his uncle Atenulf's son Landulf to Capua. Fearing for their lives, the two fled to Guaimar II of Salerno and Landulf the Red became sole prince. His first act was to continue the family policy of associating younger sons as co-princes in the government. He made his eldest son Pandulf co-prince. Other than that, Landulf made few attempts to continue the family policy of alliance with his fellow Lombards and détente with the Byzantines. He distanced himself from Constantinople, while trying not to enter into open warfare, and made several tries at reuniting the Lombard principality of Salerno with the united Capua-Benevento. He abandoned imperial dating and dated from his own reign.

In 946, he allied with John III of Naples to oust Gisulf I of Salerno, son of Guaimar. He was ambushed in  a pass at La Cava by Mastalo I of Amalfi and the ousting failed. He soon broke his alliance with Naples and allied with Gisulf to besiege Neapolitan Nola. In 950, he was called to the aid of Aligerno, abbot of Monte Cassino. His descendants would prove to be some of the worst persecutors of the monastery. He followed up his Salernitan and Neapolitan failures with successful campaigns against the gastald of Aquino, Atenulf Megalu, whom he exiled to the court of Docibilis II of Gaeta.

In 955, Landulf made his biggest failure in supporting an Apulian revolt against Greek authority, and subsequently was forced to recognize Byzantine supremacy. The rest of his reign was less eventful, as he failed in his two great ambitions: conquering Salerno and opposing the Byzantines. He associated his second son, Landulf, with him in 959 and died in 961.

Sources
Caravale, Mario (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: LXIII Labroca – Laterza. Rome, 2004.

|-

961 deaths
Lombard warriors
Landulf 2
Landulf 4
10th-century Lombard people
10th-century monarchs in Europe
Year of birth unknown
MACBA

MACBA may refer to:

Museum of Contemporary Art of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art, Spain
List of engineering schools in Massachusetts

This is a list of BS degree granting engineering schools in Massachusetts, arranged in alphabetical order.

See also
List of colleges and universities in Massachusetts
List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston
List of systems engineering at universities

References

External links
Complete Guide to Engineering Schools, USNews.com, accessed April 16, 2006.

Massachusetts education-related lists
Massachusetts
Massachusetts, Engineering
Colégio Santa Maria (São Paulo)

Colégio Santa Maria is a Catholic school founded in Metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil

In the past, it was a girls-only school. 

Website from school: 

Secondary schools in Brazil
1947 establishments in Brazil
GReAT

Graph Rewriting and Transformation (GReAT) is a  Model Transformation Language (MTL) for Model Integrated Computing available in the GME environment. GReAT has a rich pattern specification sublanguage, a graph transformation sublanguage and a high level control-flow sublanguage. It has been designed to address the specific needs of the model transformation area. The GME environment is an example of a Model Driven Engineering (MDE) framework.

See also
 ATLAS Transformation Language
 CoSMIC
 Domain Specific Language (DSL)
 Domain-specific modelling (DSM)
 Model-based testing (MBT)
 Meta-Object Facility
 Meta-modeling
 VIATRA
 XMI
 OCL
 QVT

References
 GReAT  ref 1
 GReAT  ref 2
 GReAT  ref 3 [broken link]
  GReAT   ref 4  [broken link]
 GReAT   ref 5 [broken link]
  GReAT   ref 6 [broken link]
  GReAT   ref 7
 GReAT   ref 8
 GReAT   ref 9 [broken link]

Graph rewriting
Continental Lite

Continental Lite was a short-lived subsidiary brand of Continental Airlines established in 1993. The airline folded in 1995 after losing what has been reported in the press as between $140 million and $300 million.

History 
Continental Lite was developed by Continental Airlines to counter the rise of low-cost start up carriers. This despite the fact that Continental had some of the lowest costs in the airline industry due to many of the trade labor unions agreements being tossed out during Frank Lorenzo's reign with Continental through Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

The airline was originally informally known as CALite within Continental; the "Continental Lite" name was formally adopted in 1994. It expanded to serve 45 cities in 1994, primarily on the East Coast, and came to account for a third of Continental's total capacity. After Gordon Bethune took over as the CEO of Continental in 1994, Continental began to distance itself from the service.

Continental Lite operated with a dedicated fleet of McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30, Boeing 737-200, Boeing 737-300, and  Boeing 737-500 aircraft, each repainted with the 'Lite' livery and stripped of its first class cabin. This service was based primarily at Continental's existing hub in Cleveland as well as a new hub established in Greensboro, partly replacing the service of Eastern Airlines in North Carolina. The Greensboro hub had 83 daily flights at its peak in late 1994, and Continental had planned a gate expansion at the airport.

See also 
 List of defunct airlines of the United States

References

Continental Airlines
Defunct airlines of the United States
Airlines established in 1993
Airlines disestablished in 1995
West Newton, Indiana

West Newton, Indiana is a neighborhood located in southwestern Marion County. West Newton is situated ten miles (16.1 km) southwest of downtown Indianapolis in south central Decatur Township. It originated as a small Quaker-settled town. It has been incorporated into Indianapolis.  The ZIP Code for West Newton is 46183.

History
West Newton was laid out by Christopher Furnas in April 1851, in the south half of the township. The West Newton Station on the Indianapolis and Vincennes Railroad was established sometime after construction of that line in 1865. West Newton Lodge 452 was chartered on May 27, 1873. By the early 1880s the town had two churches (Friends and Methodist), a two-story school house, a graded school, two physicians, a post office, two general stores, two blacksmiths, a wagon maker shop, an undertaker shop, and a sawmill.

References

External links
West Newton Elementary School

Neighborhoods in Indianapolis
Populated places in Marion County, Indiana
Indianapolis metropolitan area
Gewerkschaft der Polizei

The Gewerkschaft der Polizei (GdP; ) is a trade union in Germany. It represents 181,000 police employees, and is one of eight industrial affiliations of the German Confederation of Trade Unions (DGB). The GdP is one of the three trade unions for police employees in Germany, the other two being the Deutsche Polizeigewerkschaft - affiliated with the German Civil Service Federation - and the Bund Deutscher Kriminalbeamter, which is exclusively for members of the Kriminalpolizei.

The Trade Union of the Police was founded on a federal level on 14 September 1950 in Hamburg. It emerged from the Interessengemeinschaft der Polizeibeamtenbunde (Pool of Police Officer Federations), which had existed in the British occupation zone and West Berlin to that point. It joined the German Confederation of Trade Unions on 1 April 1978. On a European level, the GdP was part of the European Confederation of Police (EuroCOP).
The GdP resigned its EuroCOP Membership in 2016, after some differences about the GdP Leadership Personnel.

The GdP is open to all employees of the police - including police officers, customs agents of the Bundeszollverwaltung (although Ver.di has a higher level of organisation in this group), administration workers, etc. It represents the job-related, social, economic, ecological, and cultural concerns of employees and former employees of the police. It especially seeks an improvement of their work and living conditions and of civil service and labor law. To achieve this, the organization takes part in social and political discussions.

Presidents

Fritz Schulte (1950–55)
Fritz Preuß (1955–56)
Fritz Kehler (1956–58)
Werner Kuhlmann (1958–75)
Helmut Schirrmacher (1975–81)
Günter Schröder (1981–86)
Hermann Lutz (1981–86)
Norbert Spinrath (1998–2000)
Konrad Freiberg (2000–10)
Bernhard Witthaut (2010–13)
Oliver Malchow (as of 2013)

References

Notes

External links

German Trade Union Confederation
European Confederation of Police
Organisations based in Berlin
Trade unions established in 1950
Glyptodontopelta

Glyptodontopelta (meaning "Glyptodon shield") is a monospecific genus of nodosaurid dinosaur from New Mexico that lived during the Late Cretaceous (lower to upper Maastrichtian, 69 to 66 Ma) in what is now the Naashoibito member of the Ojo Alamo Formation. The type and only species, Glyptodontopelta mimus, is known from numerous specimens that consist of osteoderms, a dentary, supraorbital and bone fragments. It was named in 2000 by Tracy Ford. Edmontonia australis is a junior synonym of Glyptodontopelta.

Discovery and naming

 
Fossils of Glyptodontopelta, consisting only of bony armor, were found in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The type species, Glyptodontopelta mimus, was described by Tracy Lee Ford in 2000. The holotype, USNM 8610, consists of three pieces of fused flat osteoderms, found in the Campanian-Maastrichtian Ojo Alamo Formation. It was concluded to be a dubious name, a nomen dubium, in a 2004 review of the Ankylosauria, but a 2008 publication by Michael Burns concurred with Ford that its armor was distinctive enough to consider it valid.  Burns also assigned Glyptodontopelta  to Nodosauridae — rejecting Ford's Stegopeltinae — and proposed that another armored taxon from New Mexico, Edmontonia australis, is a synonym of Glyptodontopelta mimus, based on analysis of armor size and shape. 

Most specimens referred to Glyptodontopelta comprise isolated osteoderms. The most complete known specimen, SMP VP-1580, comprises the distal part of a left lower jaw (dentary), a left supraorbital, and over a hundred osteoderms and fragments.

See also

 Timeline of ankylosaur research

References

Nodosaurids
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
Fossil taxa described in 2000
Paleontology in New Mexico
Ojo Alamo Formation
Maastrichtian genus first appearances
Maastrichtian genus extinctions
Ornithischian genera
Night of Pan

Within the system of Thelema, the Night of Pan, or N.O.X., is a mystical state that represents the stage of ego-death in the process of spiritual attainment.

The playful and lecherous Pan is the Greek god of nature, lust, and the masculine generative power. The Greek word Pan also translates as All, and so he is “a symbol of the Universal, a personification of Nature; both Pangenetor, "all-begetter," and Panphage, "all-devourer" (Sabazius, 1995). Therefore, Pan is both the giver and the taker of life, and his Night is that time of symbolic death where the adept experiences unification with the All through the ecstatic destruction of the ego-self. In a more general sense, it is the state where one transcends all limitations and experiences oneness with the universe.

The City of the Pyramids

In the A∴A∴ system of attainment, after the adept has achieved the Knowledge and Conversation with their Holy Guardian Angel, they then must cross the great Abyss, where they meet Choronzon, who will tempt them to hold on to their subjective self and become trapped in their realm of illusion. To escape the Abyss, the adept gives up their deepest sense of earthly identity, in the symbolic gesture of pouring out their blood into the Cup of Babalon. The adept then becomes as a Babe in the Womb of Babalon—impregnated by Pan—and their lifeless Self becomes as a pile of dust, taking rest in the City of the Pyramids, which lies under the Night of Pan. This is why it is called Night—it represents the lightless Womb, and also the time before the dawning of the new Sun (or rather, the new Self). They then wait in this sublime state until they are ready to move on to the next stage, and become “born” again from the Great Mother of Babalon, begotten by Pan.

In writings by Crowley

Aleister Crowley identifies this process as one of Love. He explains in his 1938 book Little Essays Toward Truth:

It is also described in the mystical text Liber VII:

Finally, Crowley writes of the Night of Pan in his 1912 or 1913 book The Book of Lies, the first stanza, named "Sabbath of the Goat":

In his commentary on this writing, Crowley explains:

See also
 Ego death
 Great Work
 Works of Aleister Crowley

References

Citations

Works cited
 Crowley, Aleister. (1995). The Book of Lies. York Beach: S. Weiser.

Other sources
Thelemapedia. (2004). Night of Pan. Retrieved April 16, 2006.

Magic words
Pan (god)
Thelema
Pravdinsky District

Pravdinsky District () is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Pravdinsk. Population:  21,076 (2002 Census);  The population of Pravdinsk accounts for 22.7% of the district's total population.

Geography
The district is situated in the south of the oblast, at the border with Poland. It is sparsely populated. The Lava River flows through the district.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Pravdinsky District is one of the fifteen in the oblast.

As a municipal division, the district has been incorporated as Pravdinsky Urban Okrug since May 5, 2015. Prior to that date, the district was incorporated as Pravdinsky Municipal District, which was subdivided into two urban settlements and two rural settlements.

Economy
District economy is agrarian. No major roads or railways pass through the district, yet bus lines carry the public transit.

References

Notes

Sources

Districts of Kaliningrad Oblast