alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Terrorism Act (Canada)

The Canadian Anti-terrorism Act () (the Act) was passed by the Parliament of Canada in response to the September 11, 2001, attacks in the United States. It received Royal Assent on December 18, 2001, as Bill C-36. The "omnibus bill" extended the powers of government and institutions within the Canadian security establishment to respond to the threat of terrorism.

The expanded powers were highly controversial due to widely perceived incompatibility with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, in particular for the Act's provisions allowing for 'secret' trials, preemptive detention and expansive security and surveillance powers.

Civic opposition
The Act'''s passage has been compared to the government's activation of the War Measures Act in accordance to terrorist activity by the FLQ.

It was opposed by Parliamentarians Marjory LeBreton and Andrew Telegdi, and criminal defense lawyer David Paciocco, amongst others. Ziyad Mia, of the Toronto Muslim Lawyers Association, "questioned whether the definition of terrorist activity would apply to a group that resisted, by acts of violence, the regimes of Saddam Hussein or Robert Mugabe," and pointed out that it criminalized the French Resistance and Nelson Mandela.

Prosecutions
In January 2010, Zakaria Amara, from Mississauga, a suspect in the 2006 Toronto terrorism case, was sentenced to imprisonment for life. This sentence was the stiffest given so far under the Act. Saad Gaya from Oakville, a fellow suspect in the same case, was sentenced to 12 years in prison.

Combating Terrorism Act (2013)
Some of the bill's provisions were set to expire on March 1, 2007. The Harper government urged that these be renewed, while all three opposition parties were opposed. Specifically, the provisions had to do with preventative arrest and investigative hearings.  On February 28, 2007, the House of Commons voted 159–124 against renewing the provisions, which later led to their expiry, as originally planned in the sunset clause.

In 2012, the Government of Canada introduced in the Senate of Canada Bill S-7, the Combating Terrorism Act, which was to renew the expired provisions for a new five-year term, and introduced new crimes for leaving Canada to join or train with a terror group. The bill also increased the maximum prison sentences for some offences related to harbouring suspected terrorists. On April 19, just after the Boston Marathon bombing, the government rearranged the Parliamentary agenda to fast-track Bill S-7 to a vote on April 22 or 23, 2013. The Act received royal assent on April 25, 2013.

See also
 Anti-terrorism Act, 2015''
Anti-terrorism legislation
PROFUNC

References

External links
Designated terrorist groups
Air India families urge Dion to rethink Liberal stance on anti-terrorism act

2001 in Canadian law
Canadian federal legislation
Terrorism laws in Canada
Omnibus legislation
Anti-Terrorism Acts
Indianapolis Times

The Indianapolis Times was an evening newspaper that served the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, from 1888 to 1965 when the paper ceased publishing.

History 
The Indianapolis Times began as the Sun in 1888, "the only one cent paper in Indiana" at the time. J. J. Sweeney owned the majority of the company and Fred L. Purdy owned a minority share and filled the role of editor. From 1888 to 1899, the Sun's circulation grew to almost 13,000. The daily paper was renamed the Indianapolis Sun in 1899.

Indiana newspaper businessman Rudolph G. Leeds bought the Indianapolis Sun in 1910 before selling it to George H. Larke and William D. Boyce in 1913. Under the name Evening Sun from 1913 to 1914, the circulation of the paper spiked to over 34,000. Boyce and the new co-owner, John W. Banbury, renamed the paper the Indiana Daily Times in 1914, and it reached a circulation of over 46,000 the following year.

It was not until 1922 that the paper became the Indianapolis Times when Scripps-Howard bought it. Roy W. Howard was the president of Scripps-Howard publishing from 1922 to 1964. He managed the Times alongside the United Press International wire service.

Journalistic impact 

The Indianapolis Times was recognized for "crusading" journalism and advocacy efforts. Story topics included voter fraud, state government financial scandals, falsely reported crime statistics, and improving public school lunches.

Under the leadership of editor Boyd Gurley, the Indianapolis Times received a Pulitzer Prize in 1928 for Public Service after it successfully exposed Ku Klux Klan involvement in state politics, including corruption between Governor Ed Jackson and Indiana Grand Dragon D.C. Stephenson.

During the Great Depression, the Times used its influence to raise money for charities that provided coats and other clothing items for children. In the 1960-1961 recession the Times ran free employment ads that helped 4,000 Hoosiers find jobs.

The competition from the Indianapolis News and Indianapolis Star proved to be too much for the Indianapolis Times. The newspaper ceased operations in October 1965, publishing its last issue on the 11th, with the daily circulation just below 90,000 and the Sunday circulation at 101,000.

There is a historical marker located at the site of the Times building in the 300 block of W. Maryland Street at Capitol Avenue in downtown Indianapolis. The Times building is long gone, but the marker honors the location and the paper's lasting positive civic impact.

References

Newspapers published in Indiana
Pulitzer Prize-winning newspapers
Mass media in Indianapolis
Newspapers established in 1878
Publications disestablished in 1965
Defunct newspapers published in Indiana
1878 establishments in Indiana
1965 disestablishments in Indiana
Pulitzer Prize for Public Service winners
Trude Beiser

Trude Beiser (after her marriage Trude Jochum-Beiser; born 2 September 1927) is a former alpine ski racer from Austria. Born in Lech am Arlberg in Vorarlberg, she won two Olympic gold medals and a world championship. Beiser was the first female Austrian skier to win two Olympic gold medals at two Olympic Winter Games.

Competitive Career
Beiser's racing career consisted of five total competitions, two in the 1950 FIS World Ski Championships and three in the Winter Olympics of 1948 and 1952 (which also counted as FIS competitions, thus, her scoreboard holds eight total competitions). In the 1948 Winter Olympics, Beiser won the gold medal for the combined and the silver medal for the downhill competitions. She then won two medals at the 1950 World Championships in Aspen, Colorado: a gold in downhill and a silver in the giant slalom.  In 1952, she won the gold metal in downhill racing, securing the rank of champion for a second time.

Biography
Beiser married Alfred Jochum after the 1948 Olympics. Four months earlier (in regard to the World Championships), she had given birth to her first child. Once she competed in the 1952 Olympics, her country named her the Austrian sportswoman of the year. After her racing career, Beiser worked as skiing trainer and opened a café (named "Café Olympia") in her home town.

Honors and Accomplishments
In 1996, The Republic of Austria awarded Beiser with a Medal of Merit in Gold. 4 years later, she became an Honorary Freewoman of the
community of Lech and an Honorary Member of the Arlberg Ski Club.

References

External links
 
 

1927 births
Living people
Austrian female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Austria
Olympic gold medalists for Austria
Alpine skiers at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1952 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Medalists at the 1948 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1952 Winter Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Austria
Skiers from Vorarlberg
20th-century Austrian women
21st-century Austrian women
Ciro Gálvez

Ciro Alfredo Gálvez Herrera (born 16 January 1949 in Surcubamba, Tayacaja Province, Huancavelica) is a Peruvian lawyer, songwriter, professor of Quechua and politician. As candidate of the Andean Renaissance party, he ran unsuccessfully in the Peruvian presidential elections in 2001 and 2006. He is again running for President in the 2021 general election, this time under the National United Renaissance with Claudio Zolla as his running mate.

Life 
Ciro Gálvez studied law at the National University of San Marcos in Lima and graduated as lawyer. He studied also Quechua at the INSUC Institute (Instituto Superior de Quechua) in Lima. He opened a notary office in Huancayo.

In 1993, Ciro Gálvez founded the Andean Renaissance party (Renacimiento Andino). He ran unsuccessfully for President in 2001 and was running as Andean Renaissance's presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. On April 7, 2006, two days before the election, he withdrew from the race unofficially, expressing his support for Lourdes Flores' candidacy, but without presenting a formal resignation and not affecting the ballot. He subsequently received 0.186% of the vote, coming in 15th place. He also ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Huancavelica in the 2002 and 2006 regional elections.

He again ran for President in the 2021 general election under the National United Renaissance, with a conservative platform declaring to be in opposition to LGBT rights. For the election, his ticket included former pastor and businessman Claudio Zolla as his first running-mate, due to a political accord with the New Peru Liberal Party, a libertarian movement led by Zolla. On March 31, 2021, he became a national trend in the networks due to his participation in the electoral debate, where he presented his proposals in Spanish and Quechua.

On March 14, 2021, a source from his party reported that he was admitted to a clinic after testing positive for COVID-19.

He is dean of the Notary College of Junín, Quechua professor – he speaks and sings in Chanka Quechua – and legal assessor of several companies. He is lifelong member of the Inter-American Network of Law Firms and former Professor of Civil Rights at the Los Andes Peruvian University.

Some of his songs such as Kutisaq/Volveré (I will return), Pim wañuchiwachkanchik / Quién nos está matando (Who is killing us) and Iskay pishtaku chawpimpi / Entre dos fuegos (Between two fires) have become popular.

References

External links
Ciro Gálvez Home page, songs
Andean Renaissance's site
¿Quiénes Son? Caretas, Edición Nº 1652, 11 de enero de 2001.

Candidates for President of Peru
1949 births
Living people
National University of San Marcos alumni
National United Renaissance politicians
People from Huancavelica Region
Mary Jane (Rick James song)

"Mary Jane" is a song by American musician Rick James. It was released on September 9, 1978 as the second single from his debut album Come Get It!. The song peaked in the top five on the R&B charts in the United States in 1978, and crossed over to the US Hot 100.

Background
As one of his earliest hits as a solo artist, it is one of his most notable songs. It was composed by James, along with keyboardist Billy Nunn, who was credited for the keyboards, strings, background vocals, helping to compose the song, arranging flute parts, and other instrumentation work. The lyrics of the song are a thinly-veiled ode to James' love of marijuana aka "Mary Jane". During live performances of the song, James frequently had stage props that looked like giant joints and then would light up an actual joint.

Charts

References

1978 singles
Rick James songs
Songs about cannabis
Songs written by Rick James
1977 songs
Gordy Records singles
Song recordings produced by Art Stewart
Song recordings produced by Rick James
South Melbourne market

The South Melbourne Market is a covered food and general goods market located in South Melbourne, Victoria.

The market is owned and operated by the City of Port Phillip.

History 
It began operating in 1867, as an outlet for vegetables, fruit and flowers grown by the market gardeners of Cheltenham. It is a Victorian style of building with wood and red brick.

The market is known for its dim sims, which were originally made by chef Ken Cheng.

The market has undergone various refurbishments, including after numerous fires. The worst of these was in 1981 when two of the original sheds were destroyed and, later in the year, stalls were damaged by bombs.

In 2007/2008, the market's produce areas were redesigned, and in 2012 a new roof was added to reduce leaking and heat load.

Access via Public Transport 
Tram route 96 stops at the light rail station adjacent to the western end of the market. Tram route 12 runs down the nearby Clarendon St, with stop 127 at the corner of York St. Bus route 236 stops at Cecil St on the eastern end of the market.

References

External links
 Official website
 City of Port Phillip market information

1867 establishments in Australia
Buildings and structures in the City of Port Phillip
Food retailers
Landmarks in Melbourne
Market halls
Retail markets in Melbourne
Carl Heinrich Becker

Carl Heinrich Becker (12 April 1876 – 10 February 1933) was a German orientalist and politician in Prussia. In 1921 and 1925–1930 he served as Minister for Culture in Prussia (independent). He was one of the founders of the study of the contemporary Middle East and a reformer of the system of higher education in the Weimar Republic.

Early life and study 
Becker was born in Amsterdam, the son of a banker. He attended universities at Lausanne, Heidelberg, and Berlin, and travelled in Spain, Sudan, Greece, and Turkey, before earning his doctorate in 1899.

Academic career 
In 1902, Becker became a privatdozent for semitic philology at the University of Heidelberg, where he came into contact with Max Weber.  After his habilitation in 1908, he was appointed Professor of History and Culture of the Orient at the newly founded Hamburg Colonial Institute and Director of the Seminar for History and Culture of the Orient in Hamburg. In 1910 he founded Der Islam, a journal for the history and culture of the Middle East, and was its first editor. In 1913 he accepted an offer from Bonn University, where he was Professor of Oriental Philology.

Becker and his colleague Martin Hartmann were among the first to combine modern sociological thinking with Islamic studies. He was an opponent of the Kulturkreistheorie (theory of cultural circles) of Ernst Troeltsch.

Political career 

During the First World War, Becker began his work with the Prussian Ministry of Culture. In 1921 and 1925–1930 he served as Minister for Culture in Prussia (independent). He died in Berlin.

Selected works 
Ibn Gauzi's Manaqib Omar Ibn' Abdelaziz (Dissertation, 1899)
Beitrage zur Geschichte Agyptens unter dem Islam (2 vols., 1902- 1903)
Papyri Schott-Reinhardt: Veroffentlichungen aus der Heidelberger Papyrus‐ Sammlung, Vol. 1 ( 1906)
Der Kanzel im Kultus des alten Islam (1906)
Christentum und Islam (1907)
L'Islam et la Colonisation de l'Afrique (1910)
Gedanken zur Hochschulreform (1919)
Kulturpolitische Aufgaben des Reichs (1919)
Kant und die Bildungskrise der Gegenwart (1924)
Islamstudien: Vom Werden und Wesen der islamischen Welt (2 vols., 1924- 1932)
Vom Wesen der deutschen Universitaet (1925)
Die preussische Kunstpolitik und der Fall Schilling (1925)
Die Paedagogische Akademie im Aufbau unseres nationalen Bildungswesens (1926)
Zu Beethovens 100. Todestag (1927)

Further reading
 Haridi, Alexander. Das Paradigma der “islamischen Zivilisation”—oder die Begründung der deutschen Islamwissenschaft durch Carl Heinrich Becker (1876–1933). (MISK—Mitteilungen zur Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte der islamischen Welt, 19.) 204 pp. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, 2005.

External links 
 
 
  (trans. Rev. H. J. Chaytor)
 

1876 births
1933 deaths
German scholars
German Islamic studies scholars
Education ministers of Prussia
Historians of Islam
Academic staff of the University of Bonn
Politicians from Amsterdam
German male non-fiction writers
Gabbatha

Gabbatha (Aramaic גבתא) is the Aramaic name of a place in Jerusalem that is also referred to by the Greek name of  (Greek ). It is recorded in the gospels to be the place of the trial of Jesus before his crucifixion  30/33 AD. The site of the Church of Ecce Homo is traditionally thought to be its location, but archaeological investigation has proven this unlikely. Herod's Palace is a more likely location.

Etymology
 (, from  ‘stone’ and   ‘covered’) occurs in the Bible only once, in John 19:13. 
It states that Pontius Pilate:

 brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat, in the place that is called Lithostrotos, and in Hebrew Gabbatha.

The name "Gabbatha" is an Aramaic word, the language spoken commonly at the time in Judea. It is not a mere translation of Lithostrotos, which properly means the tessellated or mosaic pavement where the judgment-seat stood, but which was extended to the place itself in front of Pilate's praetorium, where that pavement was laid. This was proved by the practice of St. John, who elsewhere gives Aramaic names as distinctly belonging to places, not as mere translations of the Greek. This is proved also because Gabbatha is derived from a root meaning 'back' or 'elevation' – which refers not to the kind of pavement, but to the elevation of the place in question. It thus appears that the two names "Lithostrotos" and "Gabbatha" were due to different characteristics of the spot where Pilate condemned Jesus to death. The Aramaic name was derived from the configuration of that spot, with the Greek name derived from the nature of its pavement.

Identification
Efforts have been made by commentators to identify Gabbatha either with the outer court of the Temple, which is known to have been paved, or with the meeting-place of the Great Sanhedrin, which was half within, half without that Temple's outer court, or again with the ridge at the back of the House of the Lord; but these efforts cannot be considered as successful.

According to Pierre Benoit, Pilate carried out his judgements at Herod's Palace at the southwest side of the city, rather than at this point in the city's northeast corner. Archaeological studies have confirmed that the Roman pavement at these two traditional stations was built by Hadrian in the 2nd century AD as the flooring of the eastern forum of Aelia Capitolina. Prior to Hadrian's changes, the area had been a large open-air pool of water, the Struthion Pool mentioned by Josephus. The pool still survives under vaulting added by Hadrian so that the forum could be built over it, and can be accessed from the portion of Roman paving under the Convent of the Sisters of Zion, and from the Western Wall Tunnel.

A triple-arched gateway built by Hadrian as an entrance to the eastern forum of Aelia Capitolina was traditionally, but as archaeological investigation shows, mistakenly, said to have been part of the gate of Herod's Antonia Fortress. This was alleged to be the location of Jesus' trial and Pilate's ecce homo speech.

References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Catholic Encyclopedia.

New Testament places
Laurence Crane

Laurence Crane (born 1961 in Oxford) is a composer of contemporary classical music.

Career 
Laurence Crane is closely associated with the ensemble Apartment House, who have given over 40 performances of his works. Some performances they have given include Riis (1996) and John White in Berlin (2003).

He has written a considerable amount of piano music. Pianists who have performed his work include Michael Finnissy, Thalia Myers and John Tilbury.

His piece Octet was shortlisted for the 2009 Royal Philharmonic Society Music Awards in the Chamber-Scale Composition category, along with works by Harrison Birtwistle and Karlheinz Stockhausen. In 2017, he won the Paul Hamlyn Foundation Awards for Artists 2017. In the same year, his piece Omloop Het Ives for bass flute and string quartet was nominated for the British Composer Awards.

In 2021, Juliet Fraser, in association with Oxford Lieder Festival and Musica Sacra Maastricht, commissioned Crane to write a new piece that responds to the work of marine biologist Rachel Carson. The commission, Natural World for soprano and piano/sampler keyboard, won the Small Chamber Ivor Novello Award in 2022. Commenting on the piece, the jury added that "the composer has carefully chosen every note resulting in a beautifully placed and slowly evolving piece that is contemplative without losing momentum".

He is currently Professor of Composition at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.

Compositional style 
A 1995 Gramophone review described Crane's music as "as minimal as you can get, and irresistibly droll".

In the program for a concert in Oslo, Norway in April 2013, Crane writes that "I use simple and basic musical objects; common chords and intervals, arpeggios, drones, cadences, fragments of scales and melodies. The materials may seem familiar - perhaps even rather ordinary - but my aim is to find a fresh beauty in these objects by placing them in new structural and formal contexts..."

Personal life 
Laurence Crane was born in 1961 in Oxford. He read music at the University of Nottingham with Peter Nelson and Nigel Osborne.

His brother is the philosopher Tim Crane.

Notable works 
 John White in Berlin
 20th Century Music
 Raimondas Rumsas
 Pieces About Art
 Sparling
 Holt Quartet
 Old Life was Rubbish
 Sound of Horse
 Slow Folk Tune: Sheringham
 Cobbled Section After Cobbled Section
 See Our Lake
 Birthday piece for Michael Finnissy

References

External links
 BBC 3 programme featuring the composer, accessed 6 February 2010

1961 births
Living people
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
English classical composers
English male classical composers
20th-century English composers
21st-century English composers
20th-century British male musicians
21st-century British male musicians
Javier Espinoza

Javier Felipe Espinoza Ayaipoma is a Peruvian politician. He was Progresemos Perú's presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. He received 0.1% of the vote, coming in 16th place.

External links
Progresemos Perú's site 

Living people
Let's Make Progress Peru politicians
Candidates for President of Peru
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Peruvian politicians
Ántero Asto

Ántero Asto Flores is a Peruvian educator and politician. He was Resurgimiento Peruano's presidential candidate for the 2006 national election.

See also
Politics of Peru

References

External links
Resurgimiento Peruano's site

Living people
Candidates for President of Peru
Peruvian Resurgence politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Peruvian politicians
WHL Playoff MVP

Each year, the Western Hockey League awards a trophy to the Most Valuable Player in the Playoffs.

Winners

See also
Stafford Smythe Memorial Trophy - Memorial Cup MVP
Wayne Gretzky 99 Award - Ontario Hockey League Playoff MVP
Guy Lafleur Trophy - Quebec Major Junior Hockey League Playoff MVP

References

Western Hockey League trophies and awards
Nightmare Academy

Nightmare Academy is a 2002 Christian fictional novel  by Frank Peretti and the second novel in the Veritas Project series authored by Frank Peretti. The book was one of the ALA's young adult book picks for 2004.

Plot summary
Twin siblings and Veritas Project members Elijah and Elisha Springfield are sent to investigate the last place a boy was seen after that missing boy mysteriously reappears with his mind wiped clean of almost all of his memories. The only two things he can say are "I don't know" and "Nightmare Academy". When the young man dies mysteriously, the Springfield family is tasked with the investigation of what happened to the boy and what exactly the Nightmare Academy is. Elijah and Elisha are sent to Knight-Moore by a fake shelter and discover that sinister happenings abound on the campus, such as campus raids and frequent fights. During the course of the investigation the teens lose contact with their parents and Elijah is taken to a mysterious mansion after someone starts a fight with him. Elijah's sister has to find a way to save her brother without help from her parents before he is murdered or loses all of his memories...

Reception
Teen Reads positively reviewed the book, writing "By the closing chapter, readers will appreciate more fully the value of developing the skill to think critically in every circumstance."  
https://archive.org/details/nightmareacademy0000pere/mode/2up?view=theater

References

2002 American novels
American fantasy novels
American young adult novels
Novels by Frank E. Peretti
Novels set in schools
Blyth, South Australia

Blyth is a small town in the Mid North of South Australia, located  west of the renowned Clare Valley. The town is located on the lands of the Kaurna people, the indigenous people who lived there before European settlement. It has a population of 306, the farming community spanning the plains between the Clare Hills and the Barunga/Hummocks ranges.  Altitude is , and rainfall is approximately  per annum.

Located approximately  north of Adelaide, the district's climate and soils are well suited to wheat, barley, legumes, hay, sheep, cattle and pigs.

Blyth has a General Store, Post Office, Pub and Gallery/Studio, as well as sporting facilities for football, netball, bowls, cricket, tennis and golf. Several businesses based in Blyth service the region. The Blyth Cinema is housed in a renovated Masonic Hall.

History
The township of Blyth was founded in 1875, 15 years after the Hundred of Blyth, in which it was located, was proclaimed.

Railway
In 1876, Blyth was the terminus of the narrow gauge railway to Port Wakefield. This line ultimately was extended to Gladstone and converted to the broad gauge of  in 1927 as the Gladstone railway line.

Adjacent stations were Brinkworth to the north and Hoyleton and Halbury to the south.

See also
Ian Roberts (painter)
Stanley Football Association
Jack Cockburn
List of cities and towns in South Australia
Lands administrative divisions of South Australia

References

Towns in South Australia
Mid North (South Australia)
David Swanson

David Swanson is an American anti-war activist, blogger and author. He currently resides in Virginia and is the Executive Director of World Beyond War.

Education
Swanson obtained a Master of Philosophy degree from the University of Virginia in 1997.

Career

As an activist, Swanson co-founded the website After Downing Street (now WarIsACrime.org), based around the U.S. congressional concern of the Downing Street memo. Additionally, Swanson embarked on a campaign to impeach President George W. Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney through the now defunct website ConvictBushCheney.Org as well as contributing to the introduction of Dennis Kucinich’s The 35 Articles of Impeachment and the Case for Prosecuting George W. Bush.
Swanson has also aided in the organization of campaigns such as Velvet Revolution's opposition of the United States Chamber of Commerce and Tom J. Donohue, and October2011.Org's Occupy Washington movement.

As an author, David Swanson has written several books; Daybreak: Undoing the Imperial Presidency and Forming a More Perfect Union (2009), War Is a Lie (2010), When the World Outlawed War (2011) and War No More: The Case for Abolition (2013). Swanson is the host of the radio show Talk Nation Radio.

Swanson currently blogs through various political sites, including his own co-founded site, WarIsACrime.Org and Democrats.com, where he serves as the Washington Director.

Writings
 Kucinich, Dennis J., David C.N. Swanson, and Elizabeth de la Vega. The 35 Articles of Impeachment and the Case for Prosecuting George W. Bush. Port Townsend, Washington, Feral House, 2008. 
  Daybreak: Undoing the Imperial Presidency and Forming a More Perfect Union. New York: Seven Stories Press. 2009. 
 War Is A Lie (2010, 2016). Just World Books.  
 Snippers Saves the World (2021). David Swanson. 
 Leaving World War II Behind (2021). David Swanson. 
 20 Dictators Currently Supported by the U.S. (2020). David Swanson. 
 Curing Exceptionalism (2018). David Swanson. 
 War Is Never Just (2016). David Swanson. 
 Killing Is Not A Way of Life (2014). David Swanson. 
 War No More: The Case For Abolition (2013). David Swanson. 
 Tube World (2012). Illustrated by Shane Burke. David Swanson. 
 The Military Industrial Complex at 50 (2011). Editor and contributor. David Swanson. 
 When The World Outlawed War (2011). David Swanson.

See also
 Anti-war movement
 Peace movement
 List of peace activists
 Civil disobedience
 World Beyond War

References

External links
 

1969 births
Living people
American male journalists
St. Cloud State University alumni
University of Virginia alumni
20th-century American journalists
Luis Guerrero

Luis Bernardo Guerrero Figueroa (born August 20, 1953) is a Peruvian politician. He was a Member of Congress for two periods 2000- 2001 and 2001–2006; and was Perú Ahora's presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. He was also Mayor of Cajamarca from 1993 to 1998 and President of the Association of Municipalities of Peru, from 1996 to 1999.

External links
Perú Ahora's site

1953 births
Living people
People from Chota Province
Peru Now politicians
We Are Peru politicians
Members of the Congress of the Republic of Peru
Candidates for President of Peru
Mayors of Cajamarca
Aldo Ceccato

Aldo Ceccato (born 18 February 1934) is an Italian conductor.

Ceccato was born in Milan.  He worked as assistant to Sergiu Celibidache and was music director of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra from 1973 until 1977. Then, from 1976 until 1982, he was music director of the Hamburg Philharmonic. He was also music director of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra from 1985 until 1990. He is the son-in-law of conductor Victor de Sabata and has made a recording of de Sabata's compositions for the Hyperion record label.  In 1971, he recorded Donizetti's Maria Stuarda and Verdi's La traviata, both with Beverly Sills.

References

1934 births
Italian male conductors (music)
Living people
Musicians from Milan
21st-century Italian conductors (music)
21st-century Italian male musicians
Pea Ridge Union order of battle

The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Pea Ridge. The Pea Ridge Confederate order of battle is shown separately.

Abbreviations used

Military rank

 BG = Brigadier General
 Col = Colonel
 Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel
 Maj = Major
 Cpt = Captain
 Lt = 1st Lieutenant

Other

 k = killed
 w = wounded
 c = captured

Army of the Southwest

Army Headquarters
BG Samuel R. Curtis

First and Second Divisions
BG Franz Sigel

Third and Fourth Divisions

Notes

References

External links
 Pea Ridge National Military Park website (Order of Battle)

American Civil War orders of battle
Arkansas in the American Civil War
Buffalo Wings (inline hockey)

The Buffalo Wings are an inline hockey team, playing in Major League Roller Hockey and formerly in Roller Hockey International, that is based in the city of Buffalo, New York.

History 
The Buffalo Wings franchise was originally the Phoenix Cobras from 1994 to 1995, and the Empire State Cobras in 1996.

The 1996 Cobras consisted of former Buffalo Stampede players who joined the team after their franchise folded following the 1995 Roller Hockey International season.

Relocated from Glen Falls, New York and renamed as the Buffalo Wings, the team played the 1997 season at the Marine Midland Arena. The arrival of the Wings marked the return of professional roller hockey to Buffalo, having been the home of the short-lived Buffalo Stampede, which played at the Buffalo Memorial Auditorium from 1994-1995. From 1998-1999, the team played at the Buffalo State Sports Arena at Buffalo State College.

Following the demise of Roller Hockey International, the organization continues to exist to this day as a youth hockey development organization. The professional team has been revived at least once (in 2004) in the Professional Inline Hockey Association.

The Wings were announced as one of the six teams participating in the 2008 Major League Roller Hockey Pro Tour.

Records 
 1994 - Phoenix Cobras - 13-11 - (Roller Hockey International / Home: Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum)
 1995 - Phoenix Cobras - 11-09 - (Roller Hockey International / Home: Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum)
 1996 - Empire State Cobras - 16-07 - (Roller Hockey International / Home: Glens Falls Civic Center)
 1997 - Buffalo Wings - 06-18 - (Roller Hockey International / Home: Marine Midland Arena)
 1998 - Buffalo Wings - 11-08 - (Major League Roller Hockey / Home: Buffalo State Sports Arena)
 1999 - Buffalo Wings - 13-13 - (Roller Hockey International / Home: Buffalo State Sports Arena)

Playoff records 
 1994 - Lost to Calgary Rad'z in Quarterfinal
 1995 - Lost to San Jose Rhinos in Quarterfinal 
 1996 - Lost to Orlando Jackals in Quarterfinal
 1998 - Defeated Port Huron North Americans 19-8 in Quarterfinal; Lost to Columbus Hawks in Semifinal
 1999 - Defeated Minnesota Blue Ox in Quarterfinal (8-3 in one game playoff); Lost to St. Louis Vipers in Semifinal by a score of 11-7

References

External links 
Buffalo Wings - Official Website

Roller Hockey International teams
Sports in Buffalo, New York
Phoenix Cobras
Sports clubs and teams established in 1997
1997 establishments in New York (state)
Lists of IUCN Red List critically endangered species

Version 2014.2 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 4574 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.

For IUCN lists of critically endangered species by kingdom, see:

Animals (kingdom Animalia) — IUCN Red List Critically Endangered species (Animalia)
Amphibians — List of critically endangered amphibians
Birds — List of critically endangered birds
Fish — List of critically endangered fishes
Invertebrates — List of critically endangered invertebrates
Arthropods — List of critically endangered arthropods
Insects — List of critically endangered insects
Molluscs List of critically endangered molluscs
Mammals — List of critically endangered mammals
Reptiles — List of critically endangered reptiles
Fungi (kingdom Fungi) — List of fungi by conservation status
Plants (kingdom Plantae) — List of critically endangered plants
Protists (kingdom Protista) — List of Chromista by conservation status

See also
 :Category:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
 Lists of IUCN Red List endangered species
 Lists of IUCN Red List vulnerable species
 Lists of IUCN Red List near threatened species

References
 IUCN 2014. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. Source of the above list: online IUCN Red List. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
Council of the Realm

The Council of the Realm () was a corporate organ of Francoist Spain, created by the Law of Succession to the Headship of the State of 1947. Within the institutional complex created to hierarchize the regime of Francisco Franco (the so-called "organic democracy"), was the high council that advised the Head of State in the decision making of its exclusive competence. An antecedent of the Council of the Realm is the institution of the same name that appears in the Draft Constitution of 1929 of the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera.

Composition 

Permanent councilors:
 the active officers of greater seniority from the Army, Navy and Air Force, by the same order.
 the Chief of the Defence High Command (the General Staff).
 the Roman Catholic prelate of greater hierarchy and seniority among those who were procurators in the Cortes Españolas.
 the President of the Council of State.
 the President of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice (the Supreme Court).
 the President of the .

Elective councilors, elected by vote by groups of procurators in the Cortes Españolas:
 two councilors for the Local Administration Group.
 two councilors for the National Councilors Group.
 two councilors for the Family Representation Group.
 two councilors for the Trade Union Organization Group.
 one councilor for the University Rectors Group.
 one councilor for the Professional Association Group.

The President of the Council of the Realm was the President of the Cortes Españolas, and was appointed by the Head of State from a list of three names presented by the Council of the Realm.

Functions 
The function of the Council of the Realm was to provide the Head of State with a list of three names to elect a President of the Government from among them. Likewise, the Head of State needed the Council of the Realm to dissolve or extend the legislatures of the Cortes Españolas, dismiss the President of the Government, as well as many other functions.

Presidents 
 1947–1965: Esteban de Bilbao Eguía
 1965–1969: Antonio Iturmendi Bañales
 1969–1975: Alejandro Rodríguez de Valcárcel
 Vice President: Joaquín Bau Nolla. As President of the Council of State (since 1965) Bau was councilor of the Realm.
 1975–1977: Torcuato Fernández-Miranda
 1977–1978:  (president of the democratic Cortes).

Trajectory 
During the life of Francisco Franco, the Council of the Realm was a pure formalism, because the only will was that of the Head of State.

With the accession of the King Juan Carlos I to the throne, the Council of the Realm facilitated the appointment of Adolfo Suárez as President of the Government, although also some councilors showed very reactionary positions to the Political Reform Act of 1977.

The democratic Cortes specified that this body would be dissolved after the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978.

References 

1947 establishments in Spain
1978 disestablishments in Spain
Francoist Spain
Gangsta Advisory Records

Gangsta Advisory Records is the independent record label headed by Daz Dillinger. Some sources state the hierarchy of Daz's labels were flipped 2003 by ordering D.P.G. Recordz under G.A.R. to become its subsidiary and endorsing all license rights of D.P.G.

Discography 
Daz Dillinger - R.A.W
Daz Dillinger - This Is The Life I Lead
Daz Dillinger - To Live and Die in CA 
Daz Dillinger - I Got Love in These Streetz - The Album
Daz Dillinger - DPGC: U Know What I'm Throwin' Up
Daz Dillinger - Tha Dogg Pound Gangsta LP
Daz Dillinger - Gangsta Crunk
Daz Dillinger - Gangsta Party
Daz Dillinger - Only on the Left Side
Daz Dillinger - Public Enemiez
Daz Dillinger - Matter of Dayz
Daz Dillinger - D.A.Z.
Daz Dillinger - Witit Witit
Daz Dillinger - Weed Money
Kurupt - Same Day, Different Shit
Soopafly - Dat Whoopty Woop
Soopafly - Bangin Westcoast
Soopafly - Best Kept Secret 
Daz Dillinger & JT The Bigga Figga - From Long Beach 2 Fillmoe
Daz Dillinger & JT The Bigga Figga - Game for Sale
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 1
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 2
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 3
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 4
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 5
Who Ride Wit Us: Tha Compalation, Vol. 6
Tha Dogg Pound - Dillinger & Young Gotti
Tha Dogg Pound - The Last of Tha Pound 
Tha Dogg Pound - Dillinger & Young Gotti II: Tha Saga Continuez...
Tha Dogg Pound - Dogg Chit
Tha Dogg Pound - Let's Ryde 2Night EP
Tha Dogg Pound - That Was Then, This Is Now
Tha Dogg Pound - Keep on Ridin
Tha Dogg Pound - 100 Wayz
RBX - Ripp Tha Game Bloody: Street Muzic
Lil' C-Style - Blacc Balled
Daz & WC - West Coast Gangsta Sh*t

Management 
CEO : Daz Dillinger
VP of Marketing and Promotions : Arnold "Bigg A" White

Official Djs 
DJ Strong (Cali Untouchables)
DJ Warrior (Cali Untouchables)

Artists 
Daz Dillinger
Tha Dogg Pound (Daz & Kurupt)
Kurupt
Soopafly
Lil' C-Style
Bad Azz

Sister labels 
D.P.G. Recordz
Penagon Recordz
Fly2k Recordz
Double Dollar Sign Recordz
Antra Records
Doggystyle Records

See also 
 List of record labels

References

External links 
Soundslam News

American independent record labels
Hip hop record labels
Record labels established in 2000
Gangsta rap record labels
Elvira Lindo

Elvira Lindo (born 23 January 1962) is a Spanish journalist and writer.

Lindo was born in Cádiz. At the age of 12 Lindo moved to Madrid, where she studied journalism at Complutense University of Madrid.  She did not get her degree, as she began to work in television and radio as a speaker, actress and scriptwriter.  Her first novel was based on one of her fictional radio characters, the madrileño boy Manolito Gafotas, who has become a classic of Spanish children's literature.  Manolito is the son of a trucker and lives a humble life in the working-class quarter of Carabanchel.  The character was the protagonist of several first-person novels written with a solid style that includes humour, irony and sharp social criticism.

Lindo has also written adult novels and plays; she is the screenwriter of the film La primera noche de mi vida, and collaborated with director Miguel Albaladejo on the screenplays for Manolito Gafotas and Ataque verbal. She also adapted the screenplay Plenilunio from the novel by her husband, Antonio Muñoz Molina.

Ever since her husband Antonio Muñoz Molina was appointed director of the Instituto Cervantes of New York City, Lindo has lived in New York City. She often writes for the Spanish-language newspaper El País, contributing editorials, and writes freelance work for other magazines and newspapers.

In 1998 Lindo was awarded the Premio Nacional de Literatura Infantil y Juvenil (National Award for Children's and Youth Literature) for her book Los trapos sucios de Manolito Gafotas, and she received the Premio Biblioteca Breve for her adult novel Una palabra tuya. Her next book, Lo que me queda por vivir was released on 3 September 2010.

Lindo debuted as a film directed by co-helming Alguien que cuide de mí along with Daniela Fejerman.

References

External links
 
 
 
 

1962 births
Living people
People from Cádiz
Spanish women writers
Spanish women journalists
El País columnists
21st-century Spanish screenwriters
Complutense University of Madrid alumni
Jaime Salinas

Jaime Salinas López-Torres (born March 8, 1963 in Lima, Peru) is a Peruvian politician, son of General Jaime Salinas Sedó. He was Justicia Nacional's presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. He received 0.535% of the vote, coming in 8th place.

He was arrested after his father's failed coup attempt on Alberto Fujimori's government in November 1992. He lived for three years in Argentina, where he worked toward his father's freedom, obtained in 1995, when he returned to Lima.

He ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1995 and 2000, for Mayor of Miraflores in 1998 and for Mayor of Lima in 2002. He has directed a TV show called Justicia Para Todos ("Justice for All").

External links
Justicia Nacional's site

1963 births
Living people
Candidates for President of Peru
National Justice politicians
Costa Rica at the 1988 Summer Olympics

Costa Rica competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.  Silvia Poll won the nation's first ever Olympic medal.

Medalists

Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

Athletics 

Men
Track and road events

Women
Track and road events

Boxing

Judo

Shooting

Men

Swimming

Men

Women

Weightlifting

References

Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1988 Summer Olympics
1988
Ivanko (boyar)

Ivanko (, ), also referred to by some scholars as Ivanko-Alexius, was a Vlach boyar who killed his cousin Ivan Asen I, the ruler of the renascent Second Bulgarian Empire, in 1196. He was a leader of local Vlachs and Bulgarian Slavs.

Life
It is not known when and where Ivanko was born. In 1196, Ivanko murdered his cousin - Bulgarian ruler Ivan Asen. The murder occurred when Asen angrily summoned Ivanko to discipline him for having an affair with his wife's sister. Zlatarski attributes this murder by his cousin Ivanko to the Cuman faction in Bulgarian court, as opposed to other explanations involving anti-Vlach Bulgarian boyars, boyar discontent with his harsh rule, Byzantine intrigue, etc. After the murder, he seized the Bulgarian capital Tarnovo and requested the assistance of the Byzantines, however, the Byzantine army mutinied on its way and thus let Asen's brother Peter claim the throne, forcing Ivanko to flee to Byzantine capital Constantinople.

In 1197, Ivanko married Theodora Angelina, the daughter of Anna Angelina and the sebastokrator Isaac Komnenos. Theodora's father had died in Bulgarian captivity not many months earlier. After the marriage, Ivanko adopted the Greek name Alexius. His grandfather-in-law, Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos, gave the command of Philippopolis to him to deal with Bulgarian raids. Ivanko recruited and trained an army of his fellow Vlachs to deal with the raiders, but ended up rebelling against the Byzantines. In this period, he had set up an independent principality in Rhodope and central Thrace. He captured the Byzantine general Manuel Kamytzes; Kamytzes was ransomed by his son-in-law, Ivanko's rival, Dobromir.

The emperor's sons-in-law Alexios Palaiologos and Theodore Laskaris marched against Ivanko in 1200. Ivanko was eventually captured when Alexios invited him to a peace council but imprisoned him instead. He was executed by his order. After his death, his fortresses were recovered by the Byzantines.

See also
 Asenids

References

Bibliography

 

12th-century births
13th-century deaths
12th-century murderers
12th-century people
13th-century people
12th-century military personnel
13th-century military personnel
Medieval Bulgarian nobility
Eastern Romance people
Regicides
Medieval assassins
Polipoli Spring State Recreation Area

The Polipoli Spring State Recreation Area is a state park of Hawaii in the United States. It is on the island of Maui about ten miles from Kula up the slope of Haleakalā.

It covers about 10 acres of the  Kula Forest Reserve. Located at about  above sea level, it extends through the fog belt of the mountain forests. The high-elevation climate can be cold, with nighttime temperatures below freezing. The terrain is rough and use of a four-wheel drive vehicle is recommended.

There are four main trails. The Haleakalā Ridge Trail enters the recreation area. It features scrub, grassland, and forest habitat with cinder substrates. The adjacent Plum Trail is planted with plum and other trees. The Polipoli Trail, which starts within the recreation area, features various conifers. The Redwood Trail is used for mountain biking. Visitors can view redwoods and an old ranger's cabin.

The area was originally covered in dense forests of koa (Acacia koa), māmane (Sophora chrysophylla), and ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha). When the park was established, it was devoid of trees and was subsequently reforested in the 1930s with pines, eucalyptus, tropical ash, cypress, China-fir, and coast redwood.

Activities in the park include off-roading, hiking, and hunting for wild boar and feral goats.

References

Protected areas of Maui
State parks of Hawaii
Traffic management

Traffic management is a key branch within logistics. It concerns the planning, control and purchasing of transport services needed to physically move vehicles (for example aircraft, road vehicles, rolling stock and watercraft) and freight.

Traffic management is implemented by people working with different job titles in different branches:

 Within freight and cargo logistics: traffic manager, assessment of hazardous and awkward materials, carrier choice and fees, demurrage, documentation, expediting, freight consolidation, insurance, reconsignment and tracking
 Within air traffic management: air traffic controller
 Within rail traffic management: rail traffic controller, train dispatcher or signalman
 Within road traffic management: traffic controller

Traffic Control Management is the design, auditing and implementation of traffic control plans at worksites and civil infrastructure projects. Traffic Management can include: flagging, lane closures, detours, full freeway closures, pedestrian access, traffic plans, and sidewalk closures.

See also
 Air traffic control, a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft
 Road traffic control, directing vehicular and pedestrian traffic around a construction zone, accident or other road disruption
 Traffic control in shipping lanes
 Urban (peak-hour) traffic management

References

External links

 
Business terms
Management by type