alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Steve Garfield

Steve Garfield is a videographer and video blogger based in Boston, Massachusetts. Known for shows such as New Mediacracy, in 2009 Garfield was inducted into the International Academy of Web Television.

Career
One of the Internet's first video bloggers, Garfield began experimenting with the technique in 2002 and launched his own video blog on January 1, 2004.

Garfield is a former producer of the Boston-based Karlson and McKenzie radio show. He has produced his own video blog programs, including The Carol & Steve Show and Vlog Soup.  On February 3, 2005, Garfield posted what is believed to be the first video blog from a United States elected politician, Boston City Councilor John Tobin. He has also contributed video to Rocketboom.

In 2006, Garfield co-founded the podcast New Mediacracy along with Steve Woolf & Zadi Diaz of Epic Fu. The podcast features candid discussions about online video and new media, and often features popular web series creators as guests.

In 2009, Steve was inducted into the International Academy of Web Television.

Publications
Garfield wrote the book, Get Seen: Online Video Secrets to Building Your Business, which is the second in a series that David Meerman Scott edits for John Wiley & Sons called The New Rules of Social Media.

References

Further reading
 The Boston Globe : "Virtual Neighbors" 
 Wired : "Blogging+Video=Vlogging"
 Boston Phoenix : "I like to watch"
 Rolling Stone: "Vlog Stars: Online video bloggers are redefining the worlds of news and entertainment"
 BusinessWeek.com: "Don't I Know You from the Internet?"
 Guardian Unlimited: "I'm Frank, give me three minutes, you'll love it ..."
 The Wall Street Journal : "Vlogger (noun): Blogger With Video Camera"
 The Boston Globe : "Simonds is the life of this video party"
 Animation Magazine : "It's Jerry Time with Jerry and Orin Zucker"

External links

 
 

Video bloggers
Videographers
Living people
American reporters and correspondents
American Internet celebrities
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American journalists
Trash80

Trash80 is a micromusic/bitpop project from Timothy Lamb (born  on March 5, 1979), a pioneer of independent Game Boy music. He has published several songs online under a Creative Commons license (BY-NC-ND) under the Trash80 and Tresk banners. Whereas many Trash80 songs are ambient soundscapes featuring the use of Game Boy sounds, Tresk songs feature simple piano lines. Most prominently, Lamb's music has been featured on the soundtrack of the real-time strategy game Darwinia.

The name "Trash80" is a reference to a slang term for the Tandy / Radio Shack computer model (now defunct) TRS-80 (model 1/2/3/4/4p).

In 2003 the EP Hologram was released. and in May 2008 the EP Icarus was released.

In the Fall of 2008, Trash80 unveiled the ArduinoBoy, a relatively cheap and easy-to-assemble device that allows MIDI synchronization with a Game Boy running the proper software.  As the name implies, it is based on the Arduino open-source microcontroller.

Dirtywave M8 

In April 2020, Trash80 opened Dirtywave LLC, a company dedicated to the development of a hardware tracker called M8. It is a spiritual successor to the LSDJ tracker for the Game Boy, which was most commonly associated with the chiptune scene.

Dirtywave announced pre-orders for the M8 in April 2021.

The tracker is well received by synthesizer enthusiasts. As of early 2023, Dirtywave produced several batches of M8 devices, all of which quickly sold out. New batches are produced sporadically due to the 2020–present global chip shortage.

External links 

 
 Biography

References 

American electronic music groups
1979 births
Living people
8bitpeoples artists
Hattorf am Harz

Hattorf am Harz is a municipality in the district of Göttingen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the southern Harz, approx. 10 km south of Osterode am Harz.

Hattorf is also the seat of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Hattorf am Harz.

Twinning 
Asten (Netherlands)

Coat of arms 
The coat of arms of Hattorf exists since 1952. 
The gear stands for the economic of the village, the ears of corn as symbols for the agriculture of Hattorf and the red kite for nature and environment.

References

Villages in the Harz
Álvaro Obregón Tapia

Álvaro Obregón Tapia (18 December 1916—27 September 1993) was a Mexican political figure who served as governor of the northwestern border state of Sonora from 1955 to 1961. He was a son of Álvaro Obregón Salido and María Tapia Monteverde. Obregón Tapia's father was a brilliant Sonoran general in the Mexican Revolution, who became president of Mexico in 1920, re-elected in 1928, but assassinated before he could take office. Obregón Tapia's birth in 1916 was after his father's defeat of Pancho Villa in 1915 in the Battle of Celaya, a decisive victory for the Constitutionalists.

As with some offspring of other revolutionary leaders, such as Lázaro Cárdenas's son Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Obregón Tapia pursued a political career via the Institutional Revolutionary Party. That party was founded in 1929 following the assassination of Obregón Tapia's father and became the dominant political party in Mexico. During his term in office, Obregón Tapia stressed the importance of education to the future growth of Sonora and the country as a whole and demonstrated his commitment by overseeing the construction of 139, primarily rural, schools and places of learning, and instituting a program of night  classes for adults. He also greatly expanded the state's highway system.

Álvaro Obregón Tapia had been undergoing treatment at a Tucson hospital in the U.S. state of Arizona, which has a wide border with Sonora.  He died there less than three months before his 77th birthday.

References
"Alvaro Obregon Tapia; Mexico Governor, 76" (The New York Times obituary, September 30, 1993)

Governors of Sonora
Mexican people of Irish descent
1916 births
1993 deaths
Place of birth missing
Children of presidents of Mexico
20th-century Mexican politicians
Central de Trabajadores de Costa Rica

The Central de Trabajadores de Costa Rica (CTCR) is a trade union centre in Costa Rica.

It is affiliated with the World Federation of Trade Unions.

References

Trade unions in Costa Rica
World Federation of Trade Unions
List of storms named Dorothy

The name Dorothy has been used for three tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean.
 Hurricane Dorothy (1966) - formed in July in the north Atlantic Ocean, remained away from land
 Tropical Storm Dorothy (1970)  - Deadliest tropical storm of the season, caused 51 deaths, mostly in Martinique, while moving through the Lesser Antilles
 Hurricane Dorothy (1977) - formed near Bermuda and became extratropical near Newfoundland

Atlantic hurricane set index articles
Orvil Township, New Jersey

Orvil Township was a township that existed in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States, from 1886 to 1919.

The township was created on January 1, 1886, from the western portion of Washington Township and the southern portion of Hohokus Township (now Mahwah). The township straddled both sides of the Saddle River, extending north to the New York state border and south to Ridgewood Township. The township was named for Orville James Victor, a journalist and author who lived in the area.

Boroughitis hit Orvil hard in 1894, with five new boroughs created from the nascent township. Montvale and Woodcliff (now Woodcliff Lake) were both formed on August 31, 1894. Allendale was incorporated on November 10, 1894, (referendum November 8, 1894) from portions of Orvil and from Franklin and Hohokus Townships. Saddle River was created by a referendum held on November 19, 1894 and incorporated on November 22, 1894. Upper Saddle River formed on November 22, 1894 (after a public referendum held on November 20, 1894) from area taken from both Orvil and Hohokus Townships.

A further portion of the township was taken to create the borough of Orvil (now Ho-Ho-Kus) on March 8, 1905.

On April 7, 1919, a council of citizens voted to incorporate as the borough of Waldwick from the remaining portions of Orvil Township. With the creation of the borough of Waldwick, Orvil Township was dissolved, after 33 years in existence.

References

Further reading 
 Clayton, W. Woodford; and Nelson, William. History of Bergen and Passaic Counties, New Jersey, with Biographical Sketches of Many of its Pioneers and Prominent Men., Philadelphia: Everts and Peck, 1882.
 Van Valen, James M. History of Bergen County, New Jersey. New York: New Jersey Publishing and Engraving Co., 1900.
 Westervelt, Frances A. (Frances Augusta), 1858–1942, History of Bergen County, New Jersey, 1630-1923, Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1923.
 Municipal Incorporations of the State of New Jersey (according to Counties) prepared by the Division of Local Government, Department of the Treasury (New Jersey); December 1, 1958.

External links
Bergen County Townships and Municipalities
Dutch Door Genealogy: Bergen County New Jersey Municipalities

Former townships in Bergen County, New Jersey
Waldwick, New Jersey
List of municipalities in Wisconsin by population

The following is a list showing the largest municipalities in the U.S. state of Wisconsin according to the 2000, 2010, and 2020 censuses.  This list includes all cities and villages with more than 10,000 inhabitants. The list does not include towns regardless of population, because they are not incorporated entities.

See also
 List of cities in Wisconsin
 List of towns in Wisconsin
 List of villages in Wisconsin
 Political subdivisions of Wisconsin

References

External links 

 League of Wisconsin Municipalities. Estimated Population per Square Mile of Land Area, Wisconsin Municipalities 
 Wisconsin Department of Administration. List of Wisconsin municipalities in alphabetical order
 Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Wisconsin Cities, Villages, Townships and Unincorporated Places Listing
 Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. State of Wisconsin Blue Book 2013–2014 – state and local government statistics

Municipalities by population
Wisconsin
1954 in organized crime



Events
Facing a shortage of "soldiers" and other low level members, New York's Five Families begin actively recruiting members after a twenty-year hiatus.
Salvatore Bonanno, the son of mafia boss Joseph Bonanno, becomes a "made man" and an official member of the Bonanno crime family.
February 9 – In Sicily, the bandit Gaspare Pisciotta dies in his cell from strychnine poisoning while on trial. Pisciotta had claimed that he killed his companion and separatist Salvatore Giuliano on orders from Mario Scelba, then Italian Minister of the Interior.
March 25 – Joe Adonis is convicted of perjury and sentenced to two years in a federal penitentiary. Facing a deportation order from 1954, Adonis offers to leave the country voluntarily while the verdict is under appeal as an alternative to jail time.
March 27 – Johnny Dio is convicted on charges of evading New York state income taxes, and sentenced to 60 days in prison.
 April 11 – The Rome daily newspaper Avanti! publishes a photograph of a candy factory in Palermo under the headline "Textiles and Sweets on the Drug Route."  The factory was reportedly set up by Calogero Vizzini and Italian-American gangster Lucky Luciano in 1949. In the evening after the story is published, the factory closes and the laboratory's chemists are reportedly smuggled out of the country. Police suspected that the factory was a cover for heroin trafficking.
July 10 – Calogero Vizzini the Mafia boss of Villalba in Sicily, dies. Vizzini was considered to be one of the most influential Mafia bosses of Sicily after World War II. Thousands of peasants dressed in black, politicians, and priests would take part in his funeral.  Attendees would include Mussomeli boss Giuseppe Genco Russo and the powerful boss Don Francesco Paolo Bontade from Palermo (the father of future Mafia boss Stefano Bontade) – who was one of the pallbearers. An elegy for Vizzini would be pinned to the church door. It read: "Humble with the humble. Great with the great. He showed with words and deeds that his Mafia was not criminal. It stood for respect for the law, defence of all rights, greatness of character: it was love."
July–December – According to FBI reports, several meetings between Mafia leaders are observed in Los Angeles, California, Chicago, Illinois and Mountainside, New Jersey.

Arts and literature
On the Waterfront (film)  starring Marlon Brando.

Births
Joaquin Guzman-Loera – Mexican drug baron

Deaths
Calogero Vizzini, Sicilian mafiosi

References

Organized crime
Years in organized crime
WFSK-FM

WFSK-FM (88.1 MHz) is a non-profit radio station in Nashville, Tennessee.  Owned and operated by Fisk University, it broadcasts a smooth jazz format under the branding "Jazzy 88," although the station also features various specialty programs, both music and spoken-word, aimed at both the Fisk student body and the Nashville area's general African-American population.  The station's studios are located inside Dubois Hall and its transmitter are located nearby -- both on campus.

Unlike some other stations operated by historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the present, WFSK has no affiliation with the public radio system (e.g., NPR) and operates independently.

Sharon Kay is the general manager of WFSK; Xuam Lawson is the program director.

History
The station began from a Fisk student initiative in 1969 to supplement commercial stations that served black listeners in Nashville. Its original callsign was WRFN-FM (now used by an unrelated community-licensed station in Nashville), and started operations sometime in 1973, indicated by University and station records. According to the Federal Communications Commission, the station was first issued a license on January 15, 1974, some months after what were probably test broadcasts were first conducted. Its current license dates to May 26, 1983, when the present WFSK callsign was adopted.

See also
List of Nashville media

References

External links
Official website

FSK
FSK
Smooth jazz radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1973
1973 establishments in Tennessee
2005 National Invitation Tournament

The 2005 National Invitation Tournament was the 2005 edition of the annual NCAA college basketball competition. South Carolina defeated Saint Joseph's, 60–57, to earn the program's first NIT title.

Selected teams
Below is a list of the 40 teams selected for the tournament.

Bracket
Below are the four first round brackets, along with the four-team championship bracket.

Semifinals & finals

See also
 2005 Women's National Invitation Tournament
 2005 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament
 2005 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
 2005 NCAA Division III men's basketball tournament
 2005 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament
 2005 NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
 2005 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
 2005 NAIA Division I men's basketball tournament
 2005 NAIA Division II men's basketball tournament
 2005 NAIA Division I women's basketball tournament
 2005 NAIA Division II women's basketball tournament

References

National Invitation
National Invitation Tournament
2000s in Manhattan
Basketball competitions in New York City
College sports in New York City
Madison Square Garden
National Invitation Tournament
National Invitation Tournament
Sports in Manhattan
West Iron County Schools

The West Iron County School District is one of two school districts in Iron County, Michigan (the other is the Forest Park School District in Crystal Falls, Michigan). Their mascot is the Wykon. The schools include Stambaugh Elementary School and West Iron County Middle and High School.

External links
West Iron County Schools website

School districts in Michigan
Education in Iron County, Michigan
Cristóbal

Cristóbal or Cristobal, the Spanish version of Christopher, is a masculine given name and a surname which may refer to:

Given name
Cristóbal Balenciaga (1895–1972), Spanish fashion designer
Cristóbal Cobo (born 1976), Chilean academic
Cristóbal Colón Ruiz (born 1954), Puerto Rican politician
Cristóbal de Morales (1500–1553), Spanish composer
Cristóbal de Olid (1487–1524), Spanish conquistador
Cristóbal Halffter (1930–2021), Spanish composer
Cristóbal Lander (born 1978), Venezuelan actor and model
Cristóbal López (disambiguation), multiple people
Cristóbal Magallanes Jara (1869–1927), Mexican martyr and Catholic saint
Cristóbal Márquez Crespo (born 1984), Cuban association football player known as simply Cristóbal
Cristóbal Mendoza (1772–1829), Venezuelan president
Cristóbal Oudrid (1825–1877), Spanish composer
Cristóbal Orellana (born 1983), Mexican actor and singer
Cristóbal Parralo (born 1967), Cuban association football player known as simply Cristóbal
Cristóbal Pérez (born 1952), Colombian cyclist
Cristóbal Rojas (disambiguation), multiple people
Cristobal Tapia de Veer (born 1973), Chilean-Canadian composer and producer

Surname
Adrian Cristobal (1932–2007), Filipino writer
Carmen Lelia Cristóbal, Argentinian professor of botany
Everardo Cristóbal (born 1986), Mexican sprint canoeist
Geronimo Cristobal (born 1986), Filipino writer, art critic
Mario Cristobal (born 1970), American football coach

Spanish masculine given names
Masculine given names
Gujarat Mail

The 12901 / 12902 Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Gujarat Mail is a Superfast train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between  and  in India. It is a daily service. It operates as train number 12901 from Mumbai Central to Ahmedabad and as train number 12902 in the reverse direction. It operates with LHB coach since 10 September 2016. Despite leaving before Mumbai Central–Hapa Duronto Express, it reaches the destination 30 minutes after the Duronto Express.

Coaches

The Gujarat Mail has 1 AC 1st Class, 3 AC 2 tier, 7 AC 3 tier, 7 Sleeper class, 4 General class coaches and 2 Generator vans. As with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

Service

It is a daily train & covers the distance of 491 kilometres in 8 hours 35 mins as 12901 Gujarat Mail (57.20 km/h) and 8 hours 25 mins as 12902 Gujarat Mail (58.34 km/h).

Stoppage

Traction

Dual-traction WCAM 2/2P locos would haul the train between Mumbai Central and Ahmedabad. Western Railways completed DC electric conversion to AC on 5 February 2012. It is now regularly hauled by a Vadodara-based WAP-7 locomotive.

Trivia

 It was one of the most prestigious trains on the Western Railways network but its journey time has now increased considerably. Despite being an old prestigious train equipped with LHB coach, Gujarat Mail now leaves before Rajkot–Mumbai Duronto Express, but reaches the final destination 30 minutes after the Duronto Express.
 The Gujarat Mail is a daily service which was originally numbered 1DN/ 2UP.
 Earlier, it would carry a mail coach from which it likely derived its name. This mail coach has now been transferred to the 19143/44 Lok Shakti Express.
 It is an extremely popular train with the Angadia community and is known as the Angadia Express within its circles.

Gallery

Time Table
12901 Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Gujarat Mail leaves Mumbai Central at 22:05 PM IST on a daily basis and reaches Ahmedabad at 06:35 AM IST on the next day.
12902 Ahmedabad–Mumbai Central Gujarat Mail leaves Ahmedabad at 22:00 PM IST on a daily basis and reaches Mumbai Central at 06:25 AM IST on the next day.

Sister trains
 Gujarat Queen
 Karnavati Express
 Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Double Decker Express
 Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Passenger
 Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Shatabdi Express

References

External links
 http://epaper.timesofindia.com dated 4 July 2013 (Mumbai edition)
Gujarat Mail Time-Table India Rail Info

Mumbai–Ahmedabad trains
Named passenger trains of India
Mail trains in India
Bevensen

Bevensen is a former Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat was in the town Bad Bevensen. At the 1 November 2011 local government reform, the Samtgemeinden Bevensen and Altes Amt Ebstorf merged to form the new Samtgemeinde Bevensen-Ebstorf.

Geography

Municipalities 
The Bevensen Samtgemeinde consisted of the following eight municipalities:

The villages in the eight municipalities:

Politics

Municipal council 
After the local elections of 10 September 2006 the municipal council was made up as follows:
 CDU: 13 seats
 SPD: 11 seats
 Greens: 3 seats
 Bad Bevensen independents: 3 seats
 FDP: 2 Sitze

The mayor also had a seat and a vote.

Notable residents
Josef Oberhauser (1915–1979), German Nazi SS concentration camp commandant and Holocaust perpetrator

References

Uelzen (district)
Former Samtgemeinden in Lower Saxony
George Grennell Jr.

George Grennell Jr. (December 25, 1786 – November 19, 1877) was a U.S. Congressman from Massachusetts.  He was born in Greenfield, Massachusetts on December 25, 1786, to parents George and Lydia (Stevens) Grennell. He attended Deerfield Academy and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1808.  He was admitted to the bar in 1811 and served as prosecuting attorney for Franklin County 1820–1828.

Grennell was a member of the Massachusetts State Senate 1825–1827.  Grennell was elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the Twenty-first through the Twenty-six Congresses and reelected as a Whig to the Twenty-fifth Congress (March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1839).  He was not a candidate for renomination in 1838.

Grennell served as a trustee of Amherst College 1838–1859, a judge of probate 1849–1853, clerk of Franklin County Courts 1853–1865, and the first president of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad.

Grennell married twice: first to Helen Adelle Blake in 1814 and second to Eliza Seymour Perkins in 1820.
His son George Blake Grinnell became a noted businessman. Grennell died in Greenfield, Massachusetts November 19, 1877 and was interred in Greenfield's Green River Cemetery.

Notes

References

1786 births
1877 deaths
Dartmouth College alumni
Deerfield Academy alumni
Massachusetts National Republicans
People from Greenfield, Massachusetts
National Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
19th-century American politicians
WRLT

WRLT (branded "Lightning 100") is an adult album alternative-formatted FM radio station in the Nashville, Tennessee market and located at 100.1 MHz.  The station is licensed to Franklin, Tennessee, some 20 miles south of Nashville. The station is owned by Tuned-in Broadcasting.

Previously failing in modern country and rock formats, the current format was adopted in the mid-1980s under the leadership of Ned Horton. Since then, the format has been "tweaked" on numerous occasions.

WRLT's playlist is an eclectic mix of artists, up-and-coming singer/songwriters, and other current music. Artists as varied as My Morning Jacket, Led Zeppelin, Beck and Brett Dennen can be heard on the station.  Lightning 100 was the first station in the Music City to play artists such as Jason Mraz, John Mayer, Sheryl Crow and Dave Matthews Band. The station, highly unusual for contemporary-era commercial stations in the U.S., has demonstrated a considerable dedication to live programming.

Programming highlights include the "Lightning Request" lunch hour, the615 each Monday evening (featuring unsigned bands that call Nashville home), the Indie Underground Hour on Thursday nights, and Lightning 100 Unplugged on Sunday mornings.

In 2006, WRLT launched the syndicated talk radio show Music Business Radio, hosted by music marketing expert, consultant, and author David Hooper, and features interviews with various industry professionals giving the listener their insight and expertise into the recording business, particularly Nashville's segment of it.

WRLT is also home to community outreach and special events through Team Lightning (rebranded from Team Green Adventures in late 2017), an outdoor adventure group with a mission to increase awareness about the environment, health, and community through adventure, and Live on the Green, a free music festival on the plaza at the Metro Nashville Courthouse during September, highlighting local artists and businesses.

Full-time DJs
 Jayson Chalfant (6 a.m.-10 a.m.)
 Melissa Summitt (6 a.m.-10 a.m.)
 Stephanie Lesher (10 a.m.-12.p.m Weekdays; 6 a.m.-12 p.m. Saturday; 2 p.m.-7 p.m.)
 Dan Buckley (12 p.m.–3 p.m.)
 Lightning Casey (3 p.m.- 7 p.m.)

Other DJs 
 Keith Coes 
 David Hooper (Music Business Radio)

References

External links
Lightning 100
Live on the Green
Music Business Radio
Team Green

RLT
Adult album alternative radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1986
1986 establishments in Tennessee
Paul Langdon Ward

Paul Langdon Ward (February 4, 1911 – November 13, 2005) was an American academic, the fifth president of Sarah Lawrence College from 1960 to 1965.

Life
Ward was born in 1911 in Diyarbakir in what was then the Ottoman Empire, the son of a medical missionary. He spent much of his childhood in Lebanon, where he attended the American Community School. He received his B.A. from Amherst College in 1933, an M.A. from Harvard University in 1934 and a Ph.D. in history from Harvard in 1940.  He was an Assistant Professor History at Russell Sage College (Troy, NY) 1941-42 before joining the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in the U.S. Department of State for the duration of World War II.  After the war, Ward went to China as a missionary for the Protestant Episcopal Church, teaching at Huachung University in Wuhan from 1946 to 1950.

He returned to the U.S. to teach at Colby College (1951–53) and at the Carnegie Institute of Technology, later merged into what is now Carnegie Mellon University (1953–60).  At Carnegie Tech, Ward became Chairman of the History Department. He  was the fifth president of Sarah Lawrence College from 1960 to 1965. After Sarah Lawrence, Ward headed the American Historical Association (1965–74).

Ward served on  Nelson Rockefeller's Commission on the Higher Education of Women, and was active in the peace movement in the U.S. in the Episcopal Peace Fellowship and on the Joint Commission of Peace of the Episcopal Church.  In 1988, along with his wife Catharine, he received the John Nevin Sayre Award of the Episcopal Church fir his work to promote preach. Ward also served on the board of directors for the Harry S Truman Library Institute, was a Fellow of the Society for Religion in Higher Education, and received honorary doctorates from Amherst College, Bard College and Clark University.

Ward was the author of William Lambarde's Collections on Chancery (1953), A Style of History for Beginners’’ (1959), Confrontation and Learned Societies (with John Voss, 1970), Elements of Historical Thinking (1971), Studying History: An Introduction to Methods and Structure'' (1985), and “The Voice of Conscience: A Loud and Unusual Noise? The Episcopal Peace Fellowship, 1939-1989” (with Nathaniel W. Pierce, 1989).

References
 American Historical Association website 
 New York Times obituary of November 18, 2005 
 Obituary on the Amherst College website .

External links 

 Paul Langdon Ward (AC 1933) Papers at the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections

1911 births
2005 deaths
Colby College faculty
Presidents of Sarah Lawrence College
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Amherst College alumni
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
American expatriates in the Ottoman Empire
George Gee (bandleader)

George Gee is a Chinese American swing big band leader.  Born in New York City, he grew up with a fascination in the big band music of the 1930s and 1940s. In 1980, he founded the retro 17-piece George Gee Swing Orchestra (formerly known as the Make-Believe Ballroom Orchestra). He performed with this orchestra at the 1995 Asian Pacific American Heritage Festival in New York City.

In 1998, he formed the ten-piece Jump, Jive & Wailers, named after the Louis Prima song "Jump, Jive an' Wail." Gee is popular with lindy hoppers worldwide, including legendary Savoy Ballroom dancers Frankie Manning and Dawn Hampton.

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Gee and his orchestra played a weekly show at 
Swing 46 in New York City.

References

External links

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Musicians from New York (state)
American jazz bandleaders
American bandleaders
Big band bandleaders
Lindy Hop
Swing revival ensembles
Mount Deborah

Mount Deborah is a mountain in the U.S. state of Alaska.  It is one of the major peaks of the eastern Alaska Range.  Despite its low absolute elevation (compared to other major peaks in North America), it is a particularly large and steep peak in terms of its quick rise over local terrain.  For example, the Northeast Face rises 7000 feet (2135m) in approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km). This steepness, combined with difficult access, harsh weather, and classic Alaskan ice and snow features, make this a challenging peak to climb.

Mount Deborah was named in 1907 by James Wickersham for his first wife, Deborah Susan (Bell) Wickersham.

First ascent
Mount Deborah was first climbed in 1954 by Fred Beckey, Henry Meybohm, Heinrich Harrer, via the South Ridge.

Notable attempts and ascents
 1953 South Ridge (attempt) by Al Paige, Howard Bowman, Brooke Marston, Doctor McFarland.
 1964 East Ridge (attempt) by David Roberts and Don Jensen.
 1975 West Buttress and South Ridge FA of route, 2nd of summit by Pat Condran, Mark Hottman, Brian Okonek, Dave Pettigrew, Pat Stuart and Toby Wheeler. Summit reached May 8 after 36 days of effort.
 1976 Northwest Ridge FA of route, 3rd of summit by Rick Nolting, Barry Nash, John Cady, and Ray Watts, summit reached July 26.
 1977 North Face FA of route by Dakers Gowans and Charles Macquarrie, summit reached May 8.

Today's standard route is the West Face; the Northwest Ridge is also a recommended route.

Mount Deborah is the subject of one of the classics of mountaineering literature, Deborah: A Wilderness Narrative, by David Roberts, which describes a failed attempt on the peak in 1964.

Deborah Avenue in College, Alaska is named for the mountain.  Parallel to the street in the same subdivision is Hayes Avenue.

See also

List of mountain peaks of North America
List of mountain peaks of the United States
List of mountain peaks of Alaska
List of Ultras of the United States
Hess Mountain

References

 Michael Wood and Colby Coombs, Alaska: A Climbing Guide, The Mountaineers, 2001.

Further reading

External links

 Alaskan peaks with prominence > 1500m

Deborah
Deborah
Deborah, Mount
Hastings Keith

Hastings Keith (November 22, 1915 – July 19, 2005) was a United States representative from Massachusetts.

Keith was born in Brockton, Massachusetts on November 22, 1915. He graduated from Brockton High School, Deerfield Academy, and the University of Vermont in 1938.  He performed graduate work at Harvard University.  He was a member of the faculty of the Boston University Evening College of Commerce.

In 1933, he was a student in the Citizens' Military Training Camps. He served as a battery officer in the Massachusetts National Guard.  During the Second World War, he served in the United States Army with eighteen months' overseas service in Europe. Keith was a graduate of the Command and General Staff School, and was a colonel in the US Army Reserve. He was a salesman and later district manager for the Equitable Life Assurance Society in Boston.  He was a member of the Massachusetts Senate, a partner in a general insurance firm in Brockton, and was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for Congress in 1956.

He was elected as a Republican to the Eighty-sixth and to the six succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1973).  On April 19, 1974 President Nixon appointed Hastings Keith of Massachusetts as a Member of the Defense Manpower Commission. He was not a candidate for reelection in 1972 to the Ninety-third Congress, but was a candidate for nomination in 1992 to the One Hundred Third Congress until he withdrew from the race. He died in Brockton on July 19, 2005.  He was buried at Union Cemetery in Brockton.

See also
 1953–1954 Massachusetts legislature
 1955–1956 Massachusetts legislature

References

External links

 Official Biography

1915 births
2005 deaths
University of Vermont alumni
Harvard University alumni
Boston University faculty
American Congregationalists
Republican Party Massachusetts state senators
Deerfield Academy alumni
Politicians from Brockton, Massachusetts
Military personnel from Massachusetts
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
United States Army personnel of World War II
20th-century American politicians
United States Army reservists
United States Army colonels
Massachusetts National Guard personnel
Spiral Scratch (novel)

Spiral Scratch is a BBC Books original novel written by Gary Russell and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Sixth Doctor and Mel. The debut adventure of the Seventh Doctor, Time and the Rani, begins with the Doctor regenerating with little explanation given; Russell's novel attempts to provide a "final story" for the Sixth Doctor and effectively serves as a prequel to Time and the Rani.

Continuity
The end of the novel suggests another explanation for the Doctor's regeneration into his seventh incarnation rather than the crash landing seen at the start of Time and the Rani, with the Doctor being forced to sacrifice much of his energy to stop a pan-dimensional being from destroying creation, thus leaving him in a weakened condition prior to the Rani's attack; rather than injuries sustained by the Rani's attack causing the regeneration, he was already dying and the Rani's attack simply finished the job. There is also a reference to the Sixth Doctor meeting a future version of himself in the TARDIS, although which incarnation is not specified. Russell also includes further suggestions that the BBC books range and the Big Finish Productions audio range take place in parallel universes, and even has brief appearances from Peri, Evelyn Smythe, the Cyber-enhanced Evelyn from Real Time and Frobisher, as well as an alternate version of Mel who is a half-Silurian hybrid.
The unofficial novel Time's Champion, written by Chris McKeon based on notes by the late Craig Hinton, implies that the Doctor's endeavour there is a new timeline created by the Sixth Doctor in his first act as "Time's Champion" as he attempts to save Mel from the clutches of Death, who would become a frequent nemesis to the Seventh Doctor in the Virgin New Adventures novels.

Notes
 The novel was originally titled Future Nostalgia.
 The title of the book is taken from the record of the same name by Buzzcocks.
 On the cover, the Doctor is wearing his blue cravat, but at the time of his regeneration he wore a red cravat.

References

External links
The Cloister Library - Spiral Scratch

2005 British novels
2005 science fiction novels
Past Doctor Adventures
Sixth Doctor novels
Novels by Gary Russell
WSIX-FM

WSIX-FM (97.9 MHz, "The Big 98") is a radio station licensed to serve Nashville, Tennessee. Owned by iHeartMedia, the station broadcasts a country music format. WSIX's studios are located in Nashville's Music Row district and the transmitter site is in Forest Hills, Tennessee.

History

Countrypolitan
Originally the sister station of a similarly-styled AM station (now WYFN which simulcasts the Bible Broadcasting Network's religious programming), WSIX-FM is credited with pioneering the "countrypolitan" "Nashville sound" of country music, which developed in the 1960s. Violins and other stringed instruments (and occasionally horns) were added to the traditionally fiddle- and guitar-driven sound of country music. During those years (beginning in 1967 until the late 1970s) WSIX-FM used the slogan "We're metropolitan country." As such, WSIX-FM became one of the first successful country-format stations on the FM dial in the U.S., as country music formats were typically found on AM stations until well into the early 1980s.

The Big 98 Era
In 1983, then-owners General Electric sold the AM and FM stations, along with WNGE-TV (now WKRN-TV), to other interests. Around that time, the stations were simulcast and the format turned to a more straightforward country sound (i.e., honkey tonk and "Outlaw.")

XM simulcast
From May 1, 2006 to August 8, 2008, WSIX-FM was simulcast on XM Satellite Radio (channel 161). The satellite feed included commercials. A song that was not on the station's playlist at the moment would play during commercial breaks as well.

After a leave of absence, on June 8, 2011, WSIX-FM returned to the XM platform, replacing "Nashville" on XM 57. Station owner Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia) sold off its ownership stake in Sirius XM Radio during the second quarter of fiscal year 2013.  As a result of the sale, nine of Clear Channel's eleven XM stations, including the simulcast of WSIX-FM, ceased broadcast over XM Satellite Radio on October 18, 2013.

HD Radio
WSIX-FMHD2 launched with a new country format, branded as WSIXtra and later The Nashville Channel. In August 2014, it was replaced by No Shoes Radio, which featured a freeform format curated and hosted by country musician Kenny Chesney. It was also available nationally on iHeartRadio and sister station KNIX-FM. In March 2016, it was announced that the channel would move exclusively to SiriusXM on April 12. On April 1, 2016, the channel was replaced by The Bobby Bones Top 30 Countdown.

On September 2, 2016, WSIX-FMHD2 relaunched as the classic country station 98.3 The Big Legend, simulcasting on translator station 98.3 W252CM, On September 21, 2018, the subchannel and translator flipped to a simulcast of talk radio WLAC. The Big Legend is currently heard on the HD3 subchannel.

Emergency Alert System
WSIX is the Local Primary 1 (LP1) station for the Emergency Alert System in the Nashville, Tennessee operational area.

See also
List of Nashville media

References

External links

Country radio stations in the United States
SIX-FM
SIX-FM
IHeartMedia radio stations
Sveti Nikole

Sveti Nikole ( ; meaning Saint Nicholas) is a town in North Macedonia. It is the seat of Sveti Nikole Municipality and a center of a plain called Ovče Pole (Plain of sheep), famous for sheep farming, lamb meat, and dairy products of all kinds.

History 
According to legend, the town was named after the church of Saint Nicholas (Sveti Nikola), built in the beginning of the 14th century. It is said to have been the biggest of all 42 churches in this area at its time.

The former settlement of Arbanaško, itself derived from Arbanas (an old South Slavic ethonym for Albanians), is in present-day Sveti Nikole, suggesting either direct linguistic contact with Albanians or the former presence of an assimilated Albanian community.

Demographics
On the 1927 ethnic map of Leonhard Schulze-Jena, the town is written as "Kliseli" shown as having a mixed population of Christian Bulgarians and Turks.According to the 2002 census, the town had a total of 13,746 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:

Macedonians 13,367
Turks 80
Serbs 52
Roma 72
Aromanians 149
 Others 25

Sports
Local football club FK Ovče Pole plays in the Macedonian Third League (Southeast Division).

Notable people from the town
Lazar Koliševski (1914-2000) - Macedonian politician, prime minister and president
Kiril Lazarov (b. 1980) - Team handball player

References

External links

 Sveti Nikole

Towns in North Macedonia
Sveti Nikole Municipality
1956 in organized crime



Events
Antonino "Tony," "Joe Batters" Accardo decides to retire from the Chicago Outfit and appoints Salvatore "Sam," "Mooney" Giancana to oversee day-to-day operations of the crime syndicate. However, Accardo remains a presence in the organization serving in an advisory capacity and usually has the final say on all important Outfit business and "hits".
Carlo Gambino is made underboss by Albert Anastasia, in what would later become the Gambino crime family.
January 3 – Unable to convince federal officials of his citizenship, Joe Adonis agrees to comply with his deportation to Italy in agreement to drop the perjury charges. With the departure of Adonis, the struggle of the Frank Costello–Albert Anastasia faction to gain control over the Luciano crime family from Vito Genovese grows even more desperate.
Frank DeSimone becomes leader of the Los Angeles crime family following the death of Jack Dragna.
April 5 – After journalist Victor Riesel is assaulted and blinded with acid, mobster  Johnny Dio is charged with the attack. However police are forced to drop the charges when witnesses against him disappeared or retracted their statements. Despite this, Riesel would continue his crusade against organized crime though radio and newspaper reports.
May 14 – Frank Costello is convicted of tax evasion and is sentenced to federal prison.
May 18 – Over thirty-five known mobsters are observed by federal agents in a meeting in New York.
October 17–18 – After nearly a year of inactivity, federal agents observe a meeting among organized crime figures in Binghamton, New York.

Arts and literature

Births
October 11 – Eduardo Arellano Félix, Mexican drug lord and Tijuana Cartel member

Deaths

Notes

Organized crime
Years in organized crime
WJXA

WJXA (92.9 FM) is an adult contemporary radio station. Licensed to Nashville, Tennessee, United States, the station serves the Nashville, Bowling Green, Clarksville-Hopkinsville areas. The station is currently owned by Duey Wright, through licensee Midwest Communications, Inc.  Its studios are located in south central Nashville near the Tennessee State Fairgrounds and the transmitter site is located in the far western portion of Nashville.

History
After more than a decade of technical and legal wrangling, the station went on the air in 1976 as easy-listening WZEZ; in 1994, the station call letters changed to WJXA. The station has, for a number of years now, adhered to a "light rock" (or adult contemporary) format aimed primarily at female listeners. It features a mixture of current hits with some tracks from fairly recent years.  As of December 2013 the station is, by a factor of two, the most-listened-to radio station in the Nashville market.

It was announced on May 28, 2014, that Midwest Communications would purchase nine of the 10 stations owned by South Central Communications, including WJXA and sister station WCJK. With this purchase, Midwest Communications would expand its portfolio of stations to Evansville, Indiana, Knoxville and Nashville. The sale was finalized on September 2, 2014, at a price of $72 million.

See also
 List of Nashville media

References

External links

JXA
JXA
Midwest Communications radio stations
Mainstream adult contemporary radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1976
1976 establishments in Tennessee
Allen Stack

Allen McIntyre Stack (January 23, 1928  – September 12, 1999) was an American competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder.

Stack won the gold medal in the men's 100-meter backstroke at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.  Four years later at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. He placed fourth in the final of the same event.

Stack attended Yale University, where he swam for the Yale Bulldogs swimming and diving team in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) competition from 1947 to 1949.  He graduated from Yale with a bachelor's degree in 1949.  He served in the U.S. Navy from 1951 to 1954, and graduated from Columbia University Law School in 1956.  He practiced law in Honolulu, Hawaii until 1998.

Stack was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame as an "Honor Swimmer" in 1979.

See also
 List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame
 List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)
 List of Yale University people
 World record progression 200 metres backstroke

References

External links
 
 

1928 births
1999 deaths
American male backstroke swimmers
Columbia Law School alumni
Deerfield Academy alumni
Lawyers from Hawaii
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in swimming
Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Sportspeople from New Haven, Connecticut
Swimmers at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1951 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Yale Bulldogs men's swimmers
20th-century American lawyers
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1951 Pan American Games
20th-century American people
Adiamante

Adiamante is a 1996 science fiction novel written by L. E. Modesitt, Jr. It is outside the span of his series work but maintains several of his main themes, including justification of pre-emptive force, nanotechnology, a nearly destroyed but rebuilt Earth, misuse of technology leading to man's downfall, internalized information networks, and shortening or slurring of the names of present-day cities, countries and ethnic groups, along with historical events.

Plot summary
After gaining amazing power over genetics and technology, three sects of humanity have developed and split after a civil war on earth forced them apart. Now, far into the future, the deported sect has returned to force their rule on the remaining citizens of earth.

The Sects

The demis
Perhaps a shortened form of demigod. Demis are the product of generations of genetic engineering with integrated and non-intrusive cybernetics. Demis tend to use a more subtle but no less forceful approach than their cyb cousins. Demis focus more on acceptance of ‘whole body reality’ and used the precursor technology to achieve a sort of gestalt-consciousness. It is implied that this technology led to great self-understanding and awareness. Demis occasionally have draff offspring. There are no cybs born to demis.

The cybs
A shortened form of cyborg. Cybs are the descendants of people who integrated their consciousness with computers and whose objective is to lead a life bound strictly by machine-like logic and precision. While they have achieved great technological prowess their understanding of their motives, which they arrogantly presume to be logical, is highly flawed. Millennia ago the cybs lost a war with the demis and were exiled from earth. Millennia later burning with humiliation at their exile the cybs return to exact revenge on the descendants of those who exiled them. Cybs insist that all their children become cybs. There are almost no draffs on cyb worlds. Cybs do not have demi children.

The draffs
Draffs are neither cyb or demi. Possibly the name is derived from American English meaning dregs, or the refuse left from brewing. An ordinary draff prefers to keep their thoughts inside their head rather than using the fibre-lines of the cybs or the webs of the demis. A draff (on earth) still has the genetic engineering that the demis have, they simply have not received the full technological package of implants required to become a demi. Roughly 30% of draffs have the potential to become demis if they were willing to accept the societal price. Draffs sometimes have demi offspring on earth, but never cyb children. Draffs on other worlds might have cyb children.

References 

1996 American novels
American science fiction novels
Novels by L. E. Modesitt Jr.
Tor Books books