alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Michael Smith (basketball, born 1972)

Michael John Smith (born March 28, 1972) is an American retired professional basketball player. Nicknamed "The Animal", he played in seven seasons from 1994–2001 in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

A 6'8" power forward from Providence College, Smith was selected by the Sacramento Kings in the second round of the 1994 NBA draft. He would play for the Kings, Vancouver Grizzlies, and Washington Wizards, tallying 2,527 NBA career points and 3,193 NBA career rebounds. He also played with the Indiana Pacers during the 2003 preseason.

On November 10, 1995, as a member of the Kings, Smith was involved in a physical altercation with Indiana Pacers forward Dale Davis. All bench players from both teams left their benches, and were automatically fined $2,500 and suspended for one game for leaving the bench. Smith and Davis were both fined $20,000 and suspended for two games.

During his time with the Washington Wizards, he was a teammate of an unrelated player named Mike Smith.

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Canada
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Washington, D.C.
Dakota Wizards (CBA) players
Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.) alumni
Idaho Stampede (CBA) players
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Power forwards (basketball)
Providence Friars men's basketball players
Sacramento Kings draft picks
Sacramento Kings players
Vancouver Grizzlies players
Washington Wizards players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople
Kwak Jae-yong

Kwak Jae-yong (born 22 May 1959) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. He studied physics at Kyung Hee University. He achieved success with his debut film Watercolor Painting in a Rainy Day in 1989, but the failure of his next two movies led to eight years of unemployment before a comeback with the smash-hit film My Sassy Girl in 2001. He is known for his limitless fondness of love stories set in a mix of different genres.

Filmography 
 Watercolor Painting in a Rainy Day (1989) – director & writer
 Autumn Trip (1992) – director & writer
 Watercolor Painting in a Rainy Day 2 (1993) – director & writer
 My Sassy Girl (2001) – director & writer
 The Romantic President (2002) – writer
 The Classic (2003) – director & writer
 Windstruck (2004) – director & writer
 Ark (2004) – story
 My Girl and I (2005) – writer
 Daisy (2006) – writer
 My Mighty Princess (2008) – director & writer
 Cyborg She (2008) – director & writer
 All About Women (2008) – writer/cameo appearance
 Meet Miss Anxiety (2014) – director
 Crying Out in Love (2016) – director & writer
 Time Renegades (2016) – director
 Colours of Wind (2017) – director & writer
 A Year-End Medley (2021) – director

Awards

References

External links 
 
 
 

1959 births
Living people
Kyung Hee University alumni
South Korean film directors
Jayne Casey

Jayne Casey (born 1956, in Wallasey, Cheshire) is an English artistic director who was known for being involved in the Liverpool punk and new wave scene in the 1970s and 1980s, with Big in Japan, Pink Military and Pink Industry. A Keychange Inspiration Award was presented to Casey at Liverpool Sound City.

Biography

Big In Japan

After she left home at 14, and being interested in Andy Warhol and Lou Reed, she joined one of the first punk bands in Liverpool, Big In Japan, in mid-1977. She was notorious for her shaved head. The band explored various styles whilst together such as punk, power pop and post-punk. After two years, they split up in 1978, but reunited for three Peel sessions in early 1979. The group comprised several now well-known artists, such as Holly Johnson, who later was the frontman of Frankie Goes To Hollywood; Bill Drummond, later member of The KLF; Ian Broudie, known for his Britpop/alternative band The Lightning Seeds; and Budgie, drummer in Siouxsie and the Banshees.

Pink Military

After Big In Japan split up, Casey formed Pink Military, who recorded the album Do Animals Believe in God?.

Pink Industry

She formed Pink Industry, a synthpop band, at the end of 1981. Pink Industry was formed with her fellow Big In Japan bandmate, Ambrose Reynolds, and the electric guitarist, Tadzio Jodlowski. The band recorded and toured widely in the UK and Europe in the early 1980s, developing a devoted cult following. They did four session recordings for John Peel and performed with bands such as The Cocteau Twins and The Jesus and Mary Chain. They disbanded in 1987 after releasing three albums.

Quotes

"Nothing that's got any potency is ever accepted by the established art world at the moment of potency... it's only in retrospect that they're kinda able to assimilate it into their culture.." (Jayne Casey on the KLF)

References

External links
 Liverpooldailypost.co.uk
 Interview in 2008
 Mezzanine Floors - The Pink Military website

1956 births
Living people
People from Wallasey
English punk rock singers
English women singers
Big in Japan (band) members
English new wave musicians
Women punk rock singers
Key clustering

Key or hash function should avoid clustering, the mapping of two or more keys to consecutive slots. Such clustering may cause the lookup cost to skyrocket, even if the load factor is low and collisions are infrequent. The popular multiplicative hash is claimed to have particularly poor clustering behaviour.

References

Key management
Drosera yutajensis

Drosera yutajensis is a rare species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is endemic to Venezuela in the Valley of Rio Coro-Coro and grows in moist, sandstone outcrops near sources of water at elevations from . This species was first collected in 1987 but was not formally described until Rodrigo Duno de Stefano and Alastair Culham published it in a 1995 volume of Novon. Drosera yutajensis is closely related to D. villosa and D. arenicola.

See also 
List of Drosera species
Taxonomy of Drosera

References

yutajensis
Endemic flora of Venezuela
Guayana Highlands
Carnivorous plants of South America
Plants described in 1995
QuantumLink Serial

The QuantumLink Serial is a work of episodic online fiction by the American writer Tracy Reed.  It is considered the first such project ever.

The series ran from 1988 to 1989.  It was also known as the PC-Link Serial and the AppleLink Serial before all three services were unified when Quantum changed its name to AOL.   The QuantumLink Serial was included in the price of a monthly subscription to AOL.

The QuantumLink Serial was played out in online chat rooms, emails and traditional narrative. After each week's chapter was published on each of the three AOL online services (Commodore 64, PC and Apple II/Macintosh), users wrote to author Reed suggesting how they could be part of the story. Each week Reed chose one of a handful of users on each of the three services and wrote them into the narrative, depicting how they interacted with the story through chat rooms, emails etc. Reed altered story lines to reflect the readers' input to the characters, as reflected in their unique custom-written "guest star appearances."

Reed began the story with a series of sample chapters, then pitched the project to AOL founder Steve Case and producer Kathi McHugh.  Case bought the project immediately, and within three months The Serial was the highest-rated text segment of AOL (excluding chat rooms and message boards).

The story ran for one year, when the death of Reed's father led to a hiatus for the writer.  Both Reed and AOL turned to other projects, and the series was not re-instituted.

The concept was brought back on line in 1995 when The Spot by Scott Zakarin debuted as an ad-supported site, adding photos and video to the original QuantumLink Serial model. It was highly successful and ran through 1997.

References

American drama web series
St Hilda's Collegiate School

Saint Hilda's Collegiate School is a secondary school for girls in Dunedin, New Zealand.

History 
Founded as an Anglican school in 1896 by the first bishop of Dunedin, Bishop Samuel Nevill and staffed by the Sisters of the Church. The sisters withdrew from the school in the 1930s. St Hilda's is the only school of the Anglican Diocese of Dunedin. It is integrated into the New Zealand state school system.

It has a roll of approximately 450 girls with around one third of the school being boarders from both around New Zealand and overseas. The school is named after Saint Hilda, a 7th-century English abbess remembered for the influential role she played in the Synod of Whitby. Saint Hilda is considered one of the patron saints of learning and culture, including poetry.

Occupying a site bounded by Cobden Street, Heriot Row and Royal Terrace, the original buildings have been demolished and the site redeveloped from the mid 20th century. Some of the new buildings were designed by Ted McCoy. The chapel includes copies of windows from the first chapel.

Notable alumnae 
 Fiona J. McDonald – graduate

Louise Petherbridge - actor and director

Notable staff 

 Bessie Te Wenerau Grace – teacher and education leader

References

External links

Girls' schools in New Zealand
Boarding schools in New Zealand
Secondary schools in Dunedin
Educational institutions established in 1896
1896 establishments in New Zealand
Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia
Coldstone

Coldstone could be:

Coldstone (Gargoyles), a character from the Gargoyles series.
Cold Stone Creamery, an American-based ice cream parlor chain
Coldstone (game engine), a game creation suite for the Macintosh
"Cold Stones", a 2006 episode of US drama The Sopranos
A Scottish term for a charmstone

See also
Stone Cold (disambiguation)
Coat of arms of Zagreb

The coat of arms of Zagreb in Croatia consists of a three-towered city with a star and a crescent moon overhead. The coat of arms dates back to at least the 18th century.

Description
Against an Azure ground on a Vert hill: an Argent walled moat with three towers and open Or gates. An Or six-pointed star Sinister and an Argent crescent Dexter.

References

External links

Zagreb
Culture in Zagreb
History of Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb
Park Ward

Park Ward was a British coachbuilder founded in 1919 which operated from Willesden in North London. In the 1930s, backed by Rolls-Royce Limited, it made technical advances which enabled the building of all-steel bodies to Rolls-Royce's high standards. Bought by Rolls-Royce in 1939, it merged with H. J. Mulliner & Co. in 1961 to form Mulliner Park Ward.

History
Park Ward was founded in 1919 by William MacDonald Park and Charles Ward; they had worked together at F.W. Berwick Limited, the makers of Sizaire-Berwick cars. They built their first Rolls-Royce body in 1920. After producing bodies for a variety of cars in the early 1920s, Park Ward became particularly associated with W O Bentley's new business, manufacturing their chassis nearby at Cricklewood.

In 1922, they were asked by Rolls-Royce to take part in a scheme to make standard bodies for their small Twenty model, but the project was abandoned, although they did build bespoke bodies for Rolls-Royce customers exhibiting a 40-50 model at the British Empire Exhibition in 1924. From the mid-1920s, the company started to concentrate on Bentley and Rolls-Royce models. By 1930, 90% of all of Park Ward's efforts were for Rolls-Royce.

After the Rolls-Royce take-over of Bentley in 1931, Rolls-Royce took a stake in Park Ward. Beginning in 1933, when they obtained patents, Park Ward developed a technically interesting all-steel saloon in conjunction with Rolls-Royce, and from 1936 offered it on the 4¼-litre Bentley chassis. These bodies were supported by Silentbloc rubber bushes to reduce road-shock engine-noise and vibration. The cars were produced in small batches, giving quite noticeable economies in manufacture, with a consequent reduction in selling price.

By 1937, as many as ten cars a week were passing through Park Ward's works, and in 1939, Rolls-Royce completed its acquisition of the business. After World War II, Park Ward continued to produce special coachwork, and the all-steel technology was used by Rolls-Royce to produce a standard body range on its cars, starting with the Bentley Mark VI.

Twenty years later, Park Ward was merged with H. J. Mulliner & Co. in 1961 to form Mulliner Park Ward. Mulliner Park Ward operations were centralised in the former Park Ward factory in Willesden. In 1971, the division was retitled Rolls-Royce Motors Ltd.

Bugatti Royale coachwork

Captain Cuthbert W. Foster, heir to the Bird's Custard fortune, commissioned Park Ward to build a body onto his newly acquired Bugatti Royale, the fourth one built (chassis number 41-131). Fashioned on a favorite Rolls-Royce he had previously owned, the car is known as the Foster car or Limousine Park-Ward.

After being acquired in 1963 by Fritz Schlumpf from American Bugatti collector John Shakespeare, the car now resides at the Musée National de l'Automobile de Mulhouse in France, alongside Ettore Bugatti's personal Royale, the Coupé Napoleon.

Gallery

References

Notes

Further reading

External links 

 Coachbuild.com Encyclopedia: Park Ward
 Design for a sedanca de ville on a Rolls-Royce Phantom III chassis with 11ft 10in wheelbase

Coachbuilders of the United Kingdom
Vehicle manufacture in London
Ochlodes venatus

Ochlodes venatus (vive en el Parc Montenegre y corredor, en Cataluña) is a skipper butterfly species in the family Hesperiidae. The name was long used for the large skipper of Europe, but it actually refers to its Far Eastern sister species and the large skipper is now called O. sylvanus. There is some dispute however about whether the large skipper should not better placed in O. venatus as a subspecies sylvanus or faunus. An ICZN Opinion in 1944 noted that the genus name Ochlodes is masculine, so the correct epithet for this species is venatus. However, many sources continue to list it as Ochlodes venata.

These two skippers are possibly sympatric in China. Ochlodes venatus occurs from there eastwards to Korea and Japan.

References

Jennifer Owen. The Ecology of a Garden: The First Fifteen Years. Cambridge University Press, 1991. ; p. 88

Ochlodes
Butterflies described in 1853
Chips (band)

Chips was a Swedish country group formed in Sweden in 1979.

History 

Chips finished 4th in the Swedish Melodifestivalen 1980 with the song "Mycke' mycke' mer", with Lars Westman, Lisa Magnusson, Mats Rådberg and Monica Silverstrand (back then Barwén) as background singers. After Melodifestivalen 1980, Johansson also became a member. In 1980, the album Chips was released and shortly after this, Elisabeth Andreasson became a member. Just some weeks after this, they toured the former West Germany. 

Under a new name Sweets 'n Chips, which they used since a dansband also said they owned the right for the name Chips, the group competed at the Swedish Melodifestivalen 1981, and finished second with the song "God morgon". A little bit later the group was reduced to two members, Danielsson and Andreasson, although Holm stayed as songwriter.

Chips won the Swedish Melodifestivalen 1982, with the song "Dag efter dag". They represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 in Harrogate in the United Kingdom, there they finished 8th.

After the 1982 Swedish Melodifestivalen success, the album Having a Party was released, and sold around 100,000 copies in Sweden. They toured the northern parts of Europe and had a successful 1982. However, the group split in 1983, due to limited success outside Sweden and Norway, and also because both members had solo careers.

Discography 

 Chips (1980)
 Having a Party (1982)

Svensktoppen songs
"Mycké, mycké mer" (1980)
"High School" (1980)
"God morgon" (1981)
"Här kommer solen" (1982)
"Dag efter dag" (1982)

Personnel 

Principal members
 Kikki Danielsson – vocals (1979–1983)
 Lasse Holm – vocals, piano (1979–1983)
 Britta Johansson – vocals (1980–1981)
 Elisabeth Andreassen – vocals (1980–1983)

Citations 

Eurovision Song Contest entrants of 1982
Eurovision Song Contest entrants for Sweden
Musical groups established in 1979
Musical groups disestablished in 1983
Swedish country music groups
Swedish pop music groups
Country pop groups
Melodifestivalen contestants
Melodifestivalen winners
Loudermilk

Loudermilk may refer to:

People
Barry Loudermilk (born 1963), American politician
Isaiahh Loudermilk (born 1997), American football player
John D. Loudermilk (1934–2016), American singer-songwriter

Other uses
Loudermilk (TV series), American comedy television series starring Ron Livingston
Gosling (band), American rock band earlier known as "Loudermilk"
Loudermilk is a book by Lucy Ives

See also
Lowdermilk (disambiguation)
World Unity Conference

The World Unity Conferences were a series of Baháʼí sponsored conferences to promote World Unity.  There was also a World Unity magazine.  Both appear to have been short-lived.

List of conferences

October 22–24, 1926, Buffalo, N.Y.
Promoting the Oneness of Mankind: Cleveland, November 26–28, 1926.
Create Harmony and Understanding Among Religions, Races, Nations and Classes: Morrison Hotel, Chicago, January 21–23, 1927.
Create Harmony and Understanding Among Religions, Races, Nations and Classes: Portsmouth, N.H., February 18–21, 1927.
Promoting the Oneness of Mankind: New York, February 25–27, 1927.
Create Harmony and Understanding Among Religions, Races, Nations and Classes: Hotel Taft, New Haven, March 25, 26, 27, 1927.
Create Harmony and Understanding Among Religions, Races, Nations and Classes: Montreal 1927, April 19, Ritz Carlton Hotel, April 30, McGill University, May 1, Church of the Messiah.
Create Harmony and Understanding Among Religions, Races, Nations and Classes: Hotel Bond, Hartford, CT June 1–3, 1927.

External links
Conferences (Listings)

1926 conferences
1927 conferences
History of the Bahá'í Faith
Christian of Whithorn

Christian of Whithorn was Bishop of Whithorn (1154–1186), the second incumbent of that Episcopal See since it had been resurrected by King Fergus of Galloway earlier in the 12th century.

It has been suggested by some scholars that Christian had been a Cistercian monk, possibly one of the brethren at Holm Cultram in Cumberland. Christian was consecrated as Bishop of Whithorn in December 1154. Christian was the successor of Gilla Aldan. Christian spent his first few years as Bishop of Whithorn under the reign of Fergus, King of Galloway. However, when Fergus passed power on to his two sons, Uchtred and Gilla Brigte, it was the former with whom Christian spent his time, that is until Uchtred's death at the hands of Gilla Brigte's son in 1174. Christian was a frequent witness to Uchtred's charters, and even appears alongside Uchtred in a charter of King Máel Coluim IV of Scotland. Indeed, Christian and Uchtred together brought areas such as Desnes Ioan outside of the control of the Bishopric of Glasgow into the control of Whithorn.

There is strong cumulative evidence that Christian was an English nominee, and indeed, Christian was consecrated on exactly the same day that King Henry II of England received his coronation. Christian firmly maintained the position of Whithorn as a suffragan of York. This was in contrast to the stances of the other "Scottish" bishoprics, who firmly rejected the pretensions of the two English archbishops to control the Scottish church. Indeed, Christian was the only "Scottish" bishop to attend the English episcopal Council at London in 1176–1177.

In contrast to his relations with Uchtred, Christian's relations with Gilla Brigte seem to have been strained. Reginald of Durham reported that Christian was persecuted by "a certain powerful man", and this man can only have been Gilla Brigte, in whose lands Whithorn actually lay. For most of his time as bishop, Christian predominantly resided in Cumberland, perhaps indicating the hostility of Gilla Brigte.

He died on 7 October 1186, at Holm Cultram, where he was buried.

Notes

References
Oram, Richard, The Lordship of Galloway, (Edinburgh, 2000), pp. 164–87

12th-century births
1186 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Bishops of Galloway (pre-Reformation)

People from Cumberland
12th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
Burials at Holmcultram Abbey
Érik Orsenna

Érik Orsenna is the pen-name of Érik Arnoult (born 22 March 1947) a French politician and novelist. After studying philosophy and political science at the Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris ("Sciences Po"), Orsenna specialized in economics at the London School of Economics. He was a close collaborator of François Mitterrand and held several government positions in the 1980s and 1990s. He is a member (currently on leave) of the Conseil d'État, having been appointed in 1985. He was elected to the Académie Française on 28 May 1998. He won the 1990 International Nonino Prize in Italy.
For Voyage au pays du coton he received the second prize of the Lettre Ulysses Award in 2006.

Bibliography
1973  Loyola's blues  (Le Seuil)
1977  La Vie comme à Lausanne  (Le Seuil)
1977  Espace national et déséquilibre monétaire, under his real name Érik Arnoult  (PUF)
1980  Une comédie française  (Le Seuil)
1988  L'Exposition coloniale  (Le Seuil)
1992  Besoin d'Afrique, in collaboration with Éric Fottorino and Christophe Guillemin  (Fayard)
1993  Grand amour  (Le Seuil)
1996  Histoire du monde en neuf guitares, with Thierry Arnoult  (Le Seuil)
1996  Mésaventures du Paradis, mélodie cubaine, in collaboration with Bernard Matussière  (Le Seuil)
1997  Deux étés  (Fayard)
1998  Longtemps  (Fayard)
2000  Portrait d'un homme heureux : André Le Nôtre  (Fayard)
2001  La grammaire est une chanson douce  (Stock)
2003  Madame Bâ  (Fayard)
2004  Les Chevaliers du subjonctif  (Stock)
2005  Dernières nouvelles des oiseaux  (Stock)
2005  Portrait du Gulf Stream. Éloge des courants : promenade  (Le Seuil)
2006  Voyage aux pays du coton. Petit précis de mondialisation  (Fayard)
2006  Salut au Grand Sud, in collaboration with Isabelle Autissier  (Stock)
2007  La Révolte des accents  (Stock)
2007  Le Facteur et le Cachalot  (Les Rois Mages)
2008  La Chanson de Charles Quint  (Stock)
2008  L'Avenir de l'eau  (Bonjour,Stock)
2009  Et si on dansait ?  (Stock)
2010  L'Entreprise des Indes  (Stock)
2010  Princesse Histamine  (Stock)

External links
  L'Académie française biography
  Personal website

1947 births
Living people
Writers from Paris
20th-century French novelists
21st-century French novelists
French politicians
20th-century travel writers
French travel writers
Sciences Po alumni
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Members of the Académie Française
Joseph Kessel Prize recipients
Prix Goncourt winners
Roger Nimier Prize winners
Prix Goncourt des lycéens winners
French male novelists
20th-century French male writers
21st-century French male writers
French male non-fiction writers
Wishing on the Same Star

"Wishing on the Same Star" is the second and final single by American singer-songwriter Keedy. Written by Diane Warren, the single was released in 1991 by Arista Records. It peaked at number 86 on the Billboard Hot 100; a second push was made to American pop stations in 1992,  but it failed to chart. The single was released in Japan as .

Track listing

Charts

Girlfriend version

Australian all-female pop group Girlfriend covered "Wishing on the Same Star" as their seventh single, released by BMG Australia in November 1993. It peaked at number 44 on the ARIA Charts.

Track listing

Charts

Namie Amuro version

Japanese singer-songwriter Namie Amuro covered "Wishing on the Same Star" as her 21st single, released by Avex Trax on September 11, 2002. It was used as the theme song of the 2002 film Inochi. The song was meant to be her last before a hiatus that would have seen her transplanting herself from Tokyo to New York City for the purposes of artist development. As the last of her singles as a pop artist, it is the most commercially successful from the 2003 album Style. Amuro performed the song on the 53rd Kōhaku Uta Gassen.

The single peaked at No. 2 on Oricon's singles chart and sold over 97,000 copies. It was certified Gold by the RIAJ in December 2003.

Track listing

Personnel
Namie Amuro – vocals, background vocals
Kareb James – background vocals
Yuko Kawai – background vocals
Muriyama-Kiriyama Strings – strings

Production
Producers – Masaki Iehara, Cobra Endo
Arrangement – Masaki Iehara, Cobra Endo
Strings arrangement – Tatsuya Murayama
Mixing – Koji Morimoto, Rob Chiarelli
Mixing assistant – Sang Park
Instrument programming – David L. Huff, Cobra Endo
Vocal direction – Mayumi Harada
Music video director – Ugichin
Choreographer – Warner

Charts

Certification

Other versions
The song has been covered by several other artists, most notably by Puerto Rican singer Chayanne as "Mi Primer Amor" (1992), which peaked at number 8 on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks., American dance singer Judy Cheeks (1995), German Eurodance group DJ Company (1997) and by American singer Myra (2001). In 1997, Diane Warren released a promotional compilation of songs written by her titled A Passion For Music. Included on the track list is the original demo of the song, sung by Susie Benson. In Brazil by Sandy & Junior in the Portuguese version "A Estrela Que Mais Brilhar".

References

External links
Keedy
 

Girlfriend
 

Namie Amuro
 
 

1991 singles
1993 singles
2002 singles
1991 songs
Keedy songs
Girlfriend (band) songs
Chayanne songs
Namie Amuro songs
Songs written by Diane Warren
Arista Records singles
Avex Trax singles
Japanese film songs
Tracy Reed (writer)

Tracy Reed is an American writer who created the first episodic online story, the QuantumLink Serial on AOL (then called Quantum Computer Services).

The series debuted in 1988, and was played out in online chat rooms, emails and traditional narrative.  The series also went by the name The AppleLink Serial and The PC-Link Serial on those services before they were all unified under the AOL brand when Quantum changed its name.  After each week's chapter was published, users wrote to author Reed suggesting how they could be part of the story.  Each week Reed chose one to a handful of users on each of the three services and wrote them into the story, depicting how they interacted with the fictional characters. The project was personally greenlighted by AOL Marketing VP (later President) Steve Case and produced by Kathi McHugh.

Later titles, the most famous of which was The Spot added photos and video to the stories, and introduced the advertising-supported model that became standard during the Internet dot-com boom.  Reed's work also is a building block in the development of Alternate reality games.

In 2010 a Northern California interactive theater group announced that they were producing a new interactive drama by Reed, "The Koi Pond."

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
AOL people
Place of birth missing (living people)
American women in business
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Crowned pigeon

The crowned pigeons (Goura) is a genus of birds in the family Columbidae. It contains four large species of pigeon that are endemic to the island of New Guinea and a few surrounding islands. The species are extremely similar to each other in appearance, and occupy different regions of New Guinea. The genus was introduced by the English naturalist James Francis Stephens in 1819.

They forage on the forest floor eating fallen fruit, seeds and snails. The males and females are almost identical, but during courtship the male will coo and bow for the female. Both parents incubate one egg for 28 to 30 days and the chick takes another 30 days to fledge. The life span can be over 20 years.

Systematics and evolution 
The genus Goura was introduced by the English naturalist James Francis Stephens in 1819. The type species is the western crowned pigeon. The word Goura comes from the New Guinea aboriginal name for crowned pigeons.

The genus contains four species:

Scheepmaker's crowned pigeon and Sclater's crowned pigeon were previously considered as conspecific with the English name "southern crowned-pigeon".

A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2018 found that the four species in the genus formed two pairs: the western crowned pigeon was sister to Sclater's crowned pigeon while Scheepmaker's crowned pigeon was sister to the Victoria crowned pigeon.

References
GooBall

GooBall is a 2005 an arcade-style puzzle video game developed by Over The Edge Entertainment (now Unity Technologies) for Mac OS X and published by Ambrosia Software. It is Over The Edge's first game, and runs on an early beta version of the Unity engine, which it was meant to showcase. Though it was highly downloaded, the game was commercially unsuccessful, leading Over The Edge to change its focus from making games, to making the Unity engine.

Gameplay 
The player assumes the role of an alien stranded on Earth. "Goober", as the alien becomes known to the CIA, is stuck inside a life support device made of protoplasm. The gameplay is similar to the Super Monkey Ball series in that the player tilts the environment, which causes Goober to roll around in it, collecting gems and making its way to the end gate within the imparted time. Goober can stick to surfaces by holding down the command key; this ability can be used to climb walls, or to avoid falling off from ledges. Jumping while in sticky mode launches Goober away from the wall, which players can use to reach the end of more advanced levels.

Reception 

Inside Mac Games writer Mark Satterthwaite praised the game's level design, sound effects, and especially its graphics, saying that the game "offers lighting and shader and particle effects more commonly seen in top-of-the-line shooters like Doom 3". He said that "smooth sand and rippling water [...] looks better than anything in Halo or Doom 3", and called it "one of the few truly [graphically] impressive" Mac games at the time. However, he criticized GooBall's camera orientation, and its lack of gamepad support.

Apple games reviewer Brad Cook compared GooBall to Robert A. Heinlein's Stranger in a Strange Land.

In an October 2005 interview, Over The Edge CEO David Helgason called GooBall a "perfect showcase for Unity". Despite high downloads, the game was not a commercial success, leading Over The Edge to change its focus to engine development.

References

External links
  (2005 archive, 2012 archive)

2005 video games
MacOS games
MacOS-only games
Classic Mac OS games
Ambrosia Software games
Action games
Video games developed in the United States

Single-player video games
Rubus hawaiensis

Rubus hawaiensis, also called the Ākala, is one of two species (with R. macraei) commonly known as Hawaiian raspberry, endemic to Hawaii.  It is found on the islands of Kauai, Molokai, Maui, O'ahu, and Hawaii in mesic to wet forest at elevations of . In most areas it is not common, but in some places (such as the upper Koolau Gap in Haleakalā and Laupāhoehoe Natural Area Reserve) it can be a dominant member of the understory vegetation.  Although superficially similar to the other Hawaiian species, Rubus macraei, the two are believed to be derived from separate dispersals to Hawaii.

Description
Rubus hawaiensis is a deciduous shrub, typically growing as a clump of erect or (when longer) arching canes,  long. The leaves are compound, with three leaflets. The fruit is red, large (up to  long and  wide), and edible but not often eaten, as it is sour and somewhat bitter.

Although frequently described as prickle-free ("thornless"), and often used as an example of loss of defenses in island plants, most plants do have thin prickles at least when small. As the cane grows the outer layer of bark usually sheds, taking the prickles with it. Interest in breeding "thornless" varieties of edible raspberries (possibly even with distantly related species since most Rubus readily hybridize) has led to the introduction of several species of continental Rubus species which have since escape cultivation and become serious pests.  These include the yellow Himalayan raspberry, Rubus ellipticus, and the Florida prickly blackberry, R. penetrans (R. argutus).

Impact
The presence of invasive alien Rubus species along with two native species has led to a debate on biological control. Specifically, whether an agent that might be able to control the alien species should be released even if it may have serious impacts on the native species, if the latter are not part of a major evolutionary diversification and not a major part of most ecosystems.  Some would argue that it is worth sacrificing a small component in order to save the whole ecosystem, while others say that humans should not be multiplying the damage they have already caused by introducing the aliens.

Mythology
This berry is believed to be the land counterpart to the limu kala both appearing in the first period of creation (wā) as mentioned in the Kumulipo.

References

External links

 Hawaiian Native Plant Genera - Rubus Photographs of R. hawaiensis.

hawaiensis
Endemic flora of Hawaii
Biota of Hawaii (island)
Biota of Lanai
Biota of Maui
Biota of Molokai
~
Plants described in 1858
Flora without expected TNC conservation status
Solveig Gunbjørg Jacobsen

Solveig Gunbjørg Jacobsen (8 October 1913 – 25 October 1996) was a Norwegian who was the first person born and raised south of the Antarctic Convergence, in Grytviken, South Georgia in 1913.

Her father, Fridthjof Jacobsen (1874–1953), settled in South Georgia in 1904 to become assistant manager, and from 1914 to 1921 manager of the Grytviken whaling station. Two other daughters of Jacobsen's and his wife Klara Olette Jacobsen, Signe Fon (Jacobsen) and Åse Jacobsen were also born on the island. Solveig's birth was registered by the resident British Stipendiary Magistrate of South Georgia, James Wilson.

First person born in Antarctica
Solveig Gunbjørg Jacobsen was the first person born and raised south of the Antarctic Convergence, and South Georgia is usually classified as an Antarctic island and part of the Antarctic for that reason. The first human born south of the Convergence was the Australian James Kerguelen Robinson, born in Kerguelen Islands on 11 March 1859.

The Antarctic Treaty defines Antarctica as any territory located South of the 60th parallel, which excludes both South Georgia and Kerguelen. The first person born in the Antarctic Treaty area (also first on the Antarctic mainland) was Emilio Palma, born at the Argentine Esperanza Base in 1978.

Death 
She died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 83, and was buried in Molde, Norway.

Legacy
Jacobsen Valley in Vinson Massif, Antarctica is named after Solveig Gunbjørg Jacobsen.

See also
 History of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
 James Kerguelen Robinson

References

History of Antarctica
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands people
History of South Georgia
Norwegian emigrants to Argentina
1913 births
1996 deaths
Boxing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Bantamweight

The bantamweight was one of five boxing weight classes contested on the boxing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Like all other boxing events, it was open only to men.  The boxing competitions were all held on October 27. The bantamweight was the lightest class, allowing boxers of up to 116 pounds (52.6 kg). Six boxers from two nations competed. Each NOC could enter up to 12 boxers. France entered 3 boxers, 2 of whom withdrew; Great Britain entered 5 boxers.

Competition format

There were three rounds in each bout, with the first two rounds being three minutes long and the last one going four minutes. Two judges scored the match, giving 5 points to the better boxer in each of the first two rounds and 7 to the better boxer in the third round. Marks were given to the other boxer in proportion to how well he did compared to the better. If the judges were not agreed on a winner at the end of the bout, the referee could either choose the winner or order a fourth round.

Results

Bracket

Did not start: R. Clément and A. Viez of France.

Quarterfinals

Condon won by knockout in the third round against the only non-British competitor in the bantamweight.  McGurk came out well against Thomas, but Thomas finished stronger.  The bout between Webb and Perry was the tightest, with Webb's win coming through the referee's decision after the two judges deadlocked.

Semifinals

Thomas had been seeded into a bye for the round.  Webb and Condon had a tight bout, with Condon winning narrowly.

Final

The two boxers fought a physical bout up close, in which Thomas fared better.

Standings

References

Sources
 Official Report of the Games of the IV Olympiad (1908).
 De Wael, Herman. Herman's Full Olympians: "Boxing 1908".  Accessed 8 April 2006. Available electronically at  .

Bantamweight
Akala

Akala may refer to:
 ʻĀkala or Rubus hawaiensis,  a species of flowering plant endemic to Hawaii
 Akala (rapper), British rap and hip hop artist
 Akala, Bhulath, a village in Bhulath Tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India

See also
 Akela (disambiguation)
Stian Aarstad

Stian Aarstad is a Norwegian pianist and keyboard player best known for his four-year (1993–1997) stint with the symphonic black metal band Dimmu Borgir during which he played keyboards and synthesizers while engendering criticism and controversy for appearing onstage and performing in a top-hat-and-cape outfit reminiscent of Jack the Ripper, while wearing minimal corpse makeup and not moving or showing any emotion. Upon joining Dimmu Borgir, he did not listen to metal music, preferring only to listen to classical.

Dimmu Borgir's second album Stormblåst (1996) was laced with plagiarism, Stian Aarstad stole from the Magnum track "Sacred Hour"  in the opening song "Alt lys er svunnet hen" ("All Light Has Faded Away") and he copied the title track of the Amiga game "Agony"  for the song "Sorgens kammer" ("Chamber of Sorrow"). Aarstad contributed little if any originality to this album, the band re-recorded the album in 2005 leaving these plagiarised tracks out.

In 1998 to 1999, he produced a demo for the unblack metal band Vaakevandring, which was later re-released as a self-titled EP in 2004. In the 2000s, Aarstad had been the pianist for the band Enthral, but left his regular position during the recording of the band's third album.

As of 2005, Aarstad has been performing with the electronica/pop music act Karatkorn.

References

1970s births
Living people
Dimmu Borgir members
Norwegian black metal musicians
Heavy metal keyboardists
Norwegian rock keyboardists
Norwegian rock pianists
Norwegian male pianists
People from Jessheim
Old Man's Child members
Heavy metal producers
Pillars of Garendall

Pillars of Garendall is a role-playing video game that was built by Beenox Studios and Ambrosia Software. It was built using the Coldstone game engine, which was also a joint Beenox/Ambrosia project. The game was released in 2001 for Mac OS Classic, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X.

Due to problems with the Coldstone game engine, which renders Pillars of Garendall unplayable on recent versions of the Mac OS X platform, Ambrosia Software stopped selling licenses for the full game and as of December 2008, the Coldstone game engine has been indicated as being "discontinued" with regard to the latest version information on the Ambrosia Software website. The new management of Beenox is uninterested in fixing these problems with the game engine. Ambrosia Software has stated that they want to fix the Coldstone software, but that they never would have agreed to distribute the project if they had known they would have to provide updates and bug fixes.

Description
In the game, the capital city of the kingdom of Garendall, Gidolan Keep, is being attacked by monsters, and the player must train to eventually defeat them. Demos of the game were made available for the Mac OS platform, the Mac OS X platform and the Windows platform.

Among other things, the game-making capabilities of the Coldstone game engine software were confirmed by the building of the PoG game. Inside Mac Games gave Pillars of Garendall a 7.75 out of 10 rating, noting the game's detail and elaborateness with such things as 2D sprites in a 3D environment even though the game premise was unoriginal.

Engine
The Coldstone game creation software is designed to provide a full solution for creating role-playing or adventure-style games. Although the Coldstone software itself only runs on the Mac OS platform, it is capable of compiling stand-alone games that run on the Mac OS 9 platform, the Mac OS X platform, or the Windows platform. The full version of Coldstone shipped with a CD of royalty free artwork for use in one's custom games.

References

External links
Pillars of Garendall FAQ at Ambrosia Software
Pillars of Garendall Web board at Ambrosia Software

2001 video games
Ambrosia Software games
Classic Mac OS games
MacOS games
Role-playing video games
Video games developed in Canada
Windows games
Beenox games
North America-exclusive video games
Hateruma

Hateruma (波照間島; Hateruma-jima; Yaeyama: Patirooma, Hateruma dialect: Besїma "our island", Okinawan: Hatiruma, Northern Ryukyuan:  Patara) is an island in the Yaeyama District of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is the southernmost inhabited island in Japan. It is one of the Yaeyama Islands, and is located  south of Iriomote-jima, the largest of the island group.

Hateruma, which is composed of corals, has  of area and approximately 600 inhabitants. The primary products of the island include sugarcane, pineapple, refined sugar, and Awanami, a type of the alcoholic beverage awamori. Its southern location makes it one of the few places in Japan where the Southern Cross can be observed.

Tourism 
Hateruma is frequently visited by tourists from Ishigaki on day trips, as it boasts the southernmost tip of land of Japan. In addition, the southernmost school and the southernmost police station of Japan are tourist attractions. In the only village, several well-preserved old houses showing the traditional architecture with a hip roof, red tiles and a shisa statue on the top can be seen. Many old houses are still surrounded by a thick wall consisting of dark coral stones. On the south coast, there is a monument indicating the southernmost tip of land of Japan.

Climate
Hateruma has a tropical rainforest climate (Af according to the Köppen climate classification), because all twelve months have a mean temperature of at least . The temperature is consistently warm year-round, with January, the coolest month, having a mean of  and an average low of . July is the warmest month, with a mean of  and an average high of . The highest temperature ever recorded was  in August and the lowest recorded temperature was  in March.

Hateruma receives  of precipitation annually. Precipitation is abundant year-round, with every month receiving at least  of rain. Typhoons often bring heavy rain, so Hateruma receives more precipitation at the peak of the typhoon season. September is the wettest month, receiving  of rain on average. February is the driest month, receiving  of rainfall. There are a similar amount of precipitation days each month, with April having the least with 8.3 and January having the most with 11.6 days. Hateruma receives 1965.8 hours of sunshine annually, with summer being the sunniest season and winter being the least sunny season.
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Infrastructure 
Hateruma Airport is located on the island, but is not currently served by any commercial flights. Haterujima is accessible by ferry from Ishigaki several times a day.

Education 

The Taketomi town authorities maintain a single combined elementary and junior high school on the island: Hateruma Elementary and Junior High School (竹富町立波照間小中学校).

For public senior high school students may attend schools of the Okinawa Prefectural Board of Education.

See also
 Geography of Japan
 Japanese Archipelago
 List of extreme points of Japan
 Okinotorishima

References

Bibliography 

 Yamakei: Ryukyu Nansei Shoto, p. 120-121. Tokio 2003.

External links 
 美しき島々 ～波照間島～ (Japanese page)
 美ら島物語 波照間島情報  (Japanese page)

Extreme points of Japan
Yaeyama Islands
Islands of Okinawa Prefecture
List of airports in California

This is a list of airports in California (a U.S. state), grouped by type and sorted by location. It contains all public-use and military airports in the state. Some private-use and former airports may be included where notable, such as airports that were previously public-use, those with commercial enplanements recorded by the FAA or airports assigned an IATA airport code.

Airports

Airport in Mexico with terminal in California
Since 2015, the Tijuana Cross-border Terminal in Otay Mesa gives direct access to Tijuana International Airport, with passengers walking across the U.S.–Mexico border on a footbridge to catch their flight on the Mexican side.

See also 
 California World War II Army Airfields
 Essential Air Service
 List of airports in the Los Angeles area
 List of airports in the San Francisco Bay Area
 List of airports in the San Diego area
 List of airports of Santa Cruz County, California

References 
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA):
 FAA Airport Data (Form 5010) from National Flight Data Center (NFDC), also available from AirportIQ 5010
 National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (2017–2021), released September 2016
 Passenger Boarding (Enplanement) Data for CY 2019 and 2020, updated November 8, 2021

California Department of Transportation (Caltrans):
 Division of Aeronautics
 Public Use Airports and Federal Airfields Map 2016 
 List of Public Use Airports (Excel spreadsheet)
 Passenger Airports in California 2016 

Other sites used as a reference when compiling and updating this list:
 Aviation Safety Network – used to check IATA airport codes
 Great Circle Mapper: Airports in California – used to check IATA and ICAO airport codes
 Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: California – used for information on former airports

 
Airports
California
Tipularia discolor

Tipularia discolor, the crippled cranefly or crane-fly orchid, is a perennial terrestrial woodland orchid, a member of the family Orchidaceae.  It is the only species of the genus Tipularia found in North America. It occurs in the southeastern United States from Texas to Florida, the range extending north into the Ohio Valley and along the Appalachians as far north as the Catskills. There are also isolated populations in Massachusetts and in the Great Lakes region.

Tipularia discolor grows a single leaf in September that disappears in the spring. The leaf top is green, often with dark purple spots. The leaf underside is a striking purple color. The flower blooms in mid-July to late August. The roots are a connected series of edible corms. They are starchy and almost potato-like.

The plant is pollinated by noctuid moths, by means of flowers which incline slightly to the right or left, so the pollinaria can attach to one of the moth's compound eyes. The details of the inflorescence can be seen in a video recorded in State Botanical Gardens in Athens, GA 
.

Crane-fly orchids are endangered, threatened, or rare in several states.

References

External links 

discolor
Orchids of the United States
List of shows on CRUNCH

The following is a list of shows that were on CRUNCH on YTV.

Canadian
 Rollbots
 Sidekick
 Kid vs. Kat
 League of Super Evil
 Team Galaxy
 Viva Piñata
 Zimmer Twins

Nicktoons
 SpongeBob SquarePants
 The Fairly OddParents
 T.U.F.F. Puppy
 Planet Sheen
 Fanboy & Chum Chum
 The Penguins of Madagascar
 The X's

Marvel
 Wolverine and the X-Men
 The Super Hero Squad Show

Italian
 Monster Allergy

CRUNCH
Lantz, Nova Scotia

Lantz is a designated place located on the Shubenacadie River between the communities of Milford and Elmsdale, in the Municipality of East Hants and the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. Lantz was considered by Statistics Canada as a "Retired population centre."

As of 2011, the population according to Nova Scotia government was 3,326 but only 1,533 according to Statistics Canada. In 2016 Census, Statistics Canada reported the population of Lantz was 2,229, an increase of 45.4%.

Demographics 
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Lantz had a population of 1,703 living in 686 of its 696 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 2,229. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

References

Communities in Hants County, Nova Scotia
Designated places in Nova Scotia