alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Richard Heffner

Richard Douglas Heffner (August 5, 1925 – December 17, 2013) was the creator and host of The Open Mind, a public affairs television show first broadcast in 1956. He was a University Professor of Communications and Public Policy at Rutgers University and also taught an honors seminar at New York University.  He was the author of A Documentary History of the United States, a verbatim anthology of important public documents in American history, among them the Declaration of Independence, the Gettysburg Address and Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail. Heffner collaborated with Nobel Peace Prize winner Elie Wiesel on the publication of Conversations With Elie Wiesel, released by Schocken books in 2001.

Career
A protégé of Edward R. Murrow, Heffner helped establish what is now WNET (Channel 13) in New York City and was its first general manager, from 1961–63. From 1974–94 Heffner was chairman of the Classification and Rating Administration (CARA) of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). 

Heffner earned his BA (1946) and MA (1947) degrees in history from Columbia University. He taught two courses at Rutgers University. "Mass Communications and the American Image" is taught through the School of Communication, Information and Library Studies, while "Communication and Human Values" is an honors undergraduate seminar taught through the School of Arts and Sciences. He also taught the same honors undergraduate course, "Communication and Human Values", at New York University.  For the 50th anniversary of The Open Mind in Jan. 2006, fellow broadcaster Bill Moyers guest-hosted the show and interviewed Heffner.

Death
Heffner died of a cerebral hemorrhage on December 17, 2013, aged 88.

See also
MPAA film rating system

References

External sources
 Rutgers University:  Richard D. Heffner
 Richard Heffner, The Gilded Age (1952)

1925 births
2013 deaths
American television personalities
Male television personalities
American humanities academics
Rutgers University faculty
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Union of Free Trade Unions of Cameroon

The Union of Free Trade Unions of Cameroon (Union des syndicats libres du Cameroun or USLC) is a trade union centre in Cameroon. The USLC is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the Organization of African Trade Union Unity.

History 
Trade unions are permitted in Cameroon under the 1992 labor code. The Union of Free Trade Unions of Cameroon was created in 1996 by the government. The creation of the USLC was seen as a strategy by the government to weaken the influence of the Confederation of Cameroonian Trade Unions, the only labor union at the time.

In 2006, the USLC was estimated to have 50,000 members, and was then presided by Flaubert Moussolê.

References

Further reading 

Trade unions in Cameroon
International Trade Union Confederation
Organisation of African Trade Union Unity
Trade unions established in 1995
1995 establishments in Cameroon
Charles Guillaume Alexandre Bourgeois

Charles Guillaume Alexandre Bourgeois (16 December 1759 – 7 May 1832) was a French physicist and painter.

As a painter, he's known by his gray camaïeux; some of his portraits are in the Musée du Louvre.

As a physicist, he was an important optician.  His two main works are: 
Leçons expérimentales d'optique sur la lumière et les couleurs destinées à rétablir dans leur intégrité les faits dénaturés par Newton (1816–1817)
Manuel d'optique expérimentale à l'usage des artistes et des physiciens (1821).

18th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French painters
French physicists
1759 births
1832 deaths
19th-century French male artists
18th-century French male artists
Gerard Wodarz

Gerard Wodarz (10 August 1913 – 8 November 1982) was one of the best football players of interwar Poland. He was a multiple champion of the country (representing Ruch Wielkie Hajduki, which in January 1939 became Ruch Chorzów) and also played 28 games on the Poland national football team, scoring 9 goals.

Biography
He was born in 1913 in Bismarckhütte (a settlement in Upper Silesia, which in January 1939 became part of the city of Chorzów), and died in 1982 in his hometown.

Wodarz was a left-wing forward player. His career started in Ruch Wielkie Hajduki, in which he played in the years 1926-1939 and after the war, in 1946-47. Together with Ernest Wilimowski and Teodor Peterek, was part of one of the best forward formations in the history of Ruch. In 183 games he scored 51 goals, and for five times was the Champion of Poland (1933–1936 and 1938).

On the national team of Poland he took part in 31 games. His debut occurred on 2 October 1932 in Bucharest, against Romania. Wodarz participated in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, where he scored 5 goals. Also, he represented Poland during one of the most famous games in Polish soccer history - against Brazil in Strasbourg, France, during the 1938 Football World Cup.

After the German Invasion of Poland in September 1939, Wodarz signed a German Nationality List (Volksliste) and played for a newly created team, Bismarckhütter SV 99 (which was based on the prewar Ruch Chorzów). In 1941 he was called up to the Wehrmacht and in 1944 he was captured by the U.S. Army. The Americans passed him to the Polish Armed Forces in the West, where he returned to soccer, playing for some British teams.

In 1946 he returned to Poland and for next two years represented Ruch Chorzów. His career ended in 1947. Later on he tried to coach several Upper Silesian teams, but without major achievements.

See also
Polish Roster in World Cup Soccer France 1938

References

1913 births
1982 deaths
Polish men's footballers
Ruch Chorzów players
Footballers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Olympic footballers for Poland
1938 FIFA World Cup players
Polish military personnel of World War II
Sportspeople from the Province of Silesia
Poland men's international footballers
Polish football managers
Górnik Zabrze managers
Ruch Chorzów managers
People from Chorzów
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States
Footballers from Silesian Voivodeship
Men's association football forwards
German Army personnel of World War II
Volksdeutsche
Newport Pagnell services

Newport Pagnell Services is a motorway service station between junctions 14 and 15 of the M1 motorway near Newport Pagnell in the City of Milton Keynes, north Buckinghamshire, England. It is owned and operated by Welcome Break.

History
Newport Pagnell Services was one of the first service stations to be opened in the UK, opening the same day as Watford Gap services on 2 November 1959. Newport Pagnell was the first to fully open for all traffic, opening on 15th August 1960, a month before Watford Gap. Like the motorway, the site was designed by Sir Owen Williams. The services were opened by Forte, and were taken over by Welcome Break in 1988.

The service station is one of fourteen for which large murals were commissioned from artist David Fisher in the 1990s, designed to reflect the local area and history.

In the news
On 3 September 2007, a National Express coach from Birmingham to Luton Airport and Stansted Airport (making an unscheduled stop) failed to make a turn on the approach road and overturned.  A number of people including the driver were seriously injured.  The driver was subsequently convicted of drink driving and dangerous driving.

References

External links
Official Web Page
Motorway Services Online - Newport Pagnell
Motorway Services Trivia Website - Newport Pagnell

1959 establishments in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in Milton Keynes
M1 motorway service stations
Transport infrastructure completed in 1959
Welcome Break motorway service stations
Collateral consequence

Collateral consequences are the effects of a given action or inaction that are unintended, unknown, or at least not explicit.  A collateral consequence may simply be one that is beyond the scope of consideration.

These are as opposed to direct consequences, which stem from the action in an anticipated manner. 

For example, picture a person starting a farm.  The direct consequences of this farm's development are revenue for the farmer, produce for consumers, etc.  The collateral consequences are runoff from the farm being distributed in the nearby river, or enhanced absorption of carbon dioxide by the new foliage.  Collateral consequences, in this example, are related to the economic concept of externalities.  

The distinction between direct and collateral consequences is perhaps most important in the area of criminal law and sentencing, where an effort to take the collateral consequences of criminal charges into account when meting out punishment is underway.

See also 

Unintended consequence

References 

Impact assessment
Grand Central Airport

Grand Central Airport  is a small privately owned airfield which is open to public air traffic. It is located in Midrand, halfway between Johannesburg and Pretoria in South Africa. Prior permission to land at Grand Central is not required for light aircraft pilots; a radio call is sufficient.

The airfield was started in the 1930s by a group of motor racing enthusiasts who were also interested in flying. Their old race track, although no longer in use, can be seen from the air on the north west side of the airfield.

Grand Central is a fully equipped airfield and is open 24 hours a day. The complex incorporates a modern terminal building (although it lacks Customs facilities). It is also the base of numerous flying schools for both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. There are 2 or 3 fixed-base operators on the airfield which provides maintenance and repair facilities for light aircraft.

This is a small airfield that is restricted to light aircraft only.

Aviation
 Non-directional beacon - GC372.5

Notes
Radio mast in area

References

External links
 Grand Central Airport, official website
 
 

Airports in Johannesburg
Privately owned airports
Northampton services

Northampton services is a motorway service station off the M1 motorway and A43 interchange near Northampton, England. It is owned by Roadchef, and used to be called Rothersthorpe.

History
When first opened, Rothersthorpe Services (as it was then known) was located between junctions, an 'online' service area. However, in 1991 the Blisworth Bypass on the A43 was opened, this linked into the M1 at the Rothersthorpe site, creating a junction surrounding the site.

The footbridge was taken out of use in 2002 when the site was redeveloped, though it still remains in place.

Location

Northampton services are located at junction 15A of the M1 at a junction with the A43, because of the way the service area has evolved, it is possible to reach and exit the services without negotiating the main junction, but uniquely it is also possible to access the service area on the opposite carriageway legally.

The services are about  south of Northampton town centre and  north west of London.

References

External links
Motorway Services Online - Northampton

M1 motorway service stations
RoadChef motorway service stations
Pat Behrns

Patrick Charles Behrns (born May 16, 1950) is a former American college football coach. He served as the head coach at the University of Nebraska at Omaha from 1994 through the program being discontinued in March 2011, and was also the head coach of the University of North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team from 1980 to 1985. He is a 1972 graduate of Dakota State University.

Head coaching record

References

1950 births
Living people
Dakota State Trojans football coaches
Dakota State Trojans football players
Nebraska–Omaha Mavericks football coaches
New Mexico State Aggies football coaches
North Dakota Fighting Hawks football coaches
UNLV Rebels football coaches
Utah State Aggies football coaches
New Mexico State University alumni
People from Butler County, Nebraska
Players of American football from Nebraska
Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre individual medley

The women's 400 metre individual medley event for the 1976 Summer Olympics was held in Montreal on 24 July. All swimmers in the final would have won the 1972 final in this event. Ulrike Tauber won in a new world-record time.

Results

Heats
Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Final

References

External links
Official Olympic Report

Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics
1976 in women's swimming
Women's events at the 1976 Summer Olympics
George D. Murray

George Dominic Murray (July 6, 1889 – June 18, 1956) was an admiral in the United States Navy and an early naval aviator.

Biography
Murray was born in Boston, Massachusetts, attended the U.S. Naval Academy, graduating in 1911 and becoming naval aviator number 22 in 1915.

At the beginning of 1924, he was the commander of Torpedo and Bombing Squadron 20 (VT-20). In January, his squadron of seaplanes was transferred from San Diego to the Philippines aboard  to provide air support for the Asiatic Fleet.

During World War II, Murray commanded the aircraft carrier , from 21 March 1941 to 30 June 1942, which included the Doolittle Raid on Tokyo and the Battle of Midway.

From 17 August 1944 to 20 July 1945, he commanded U.S. Naval Air Forces, Pacific Fleet.

At the end of the war, Murray was the commander of the Mariana Islands, and accepted the Japanese surrender of the Caroline Islands aboard his flagship, the cruiser .

He commanded the First Fleet from August 1947 to August 1948. 

He retired as a full admiral in 1951, died in San Francisco, California, on 18 June 1956, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

In 1961, Murray was posthumously designated the third recipient of the Gray Eagle Award, as the most senior active naval aviator from 1947 until his retirement.

Personal life
Murray is the stepfather of Vice Admiral Lloyd M. Mustin, the step grandfather of Vice Admiral Henry C. Mustin, and the step great grandfather of Vice Admiral John B. Mustin.

References

External links
 The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia: Murray, George D.

1889 births
1956 deaths
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Naval Aviators
United States Navy admirals
United States Navy World War II admirals
United States Navy personnel of World War I
Members of the Early Birds of Aviation
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Wild Dances (album)

Wild Dances is the fifth studio album by Ukrainian singer-songwriter Ruslana. It was released on July 6, 2004. The album has been certified 7x platinum in Ukraine, selling 700,000 copies and Platinum in Slovakia.

Track listing
Basic album

Wild Dances (New Year/Christmas Edition) (21 February 2005)
The album is the 2005 English version of Wild Dances. The Christmas Edition has festive design, bonus tracks and includes a poster with a calendar for the year 2006.
 Wild Dances (Victory Dance) – 3:00
 Dance with the Wolves (Extreme Dance) – 3:57
 Accordion Intro (Ethno Dance) – 1:00
 The Same Star (Night Dance) – 4:19
 Play, Musician (Joy Dance) – 3:53
 Like a Hurricane (Drive Dance) – 2:36
 Tango We Used to Dance (Love Dance) – 3:45
 Wild Dances [Part 2] (Sympho Dance) – 3:59
 Wild Passion (Molfar Dance) – 4:00
 Wild Dances [Harem's Percussion Mix] (Thanks to Turkey) – 2:52
 Ring Dance with the Wolves [Bonus track] – 3:51
 Wild Dances [C.Y.T. vs DJ Nick 2005 (Club Edit)] [Bonus track] – 4:10
 The Same Star [DJ Small & LV Club Mix] [Bonus track] – 6:45

Personnel
 Vadim Chislov – Assistant Engineer
 Goatboy – Producer
 Harem – Percussion
 Marco Migliari – Mixing
 Andrei Petrov – Photography
 Ruslana — Arranger, Vocals (background), producer, engineer, Mixing
 Ryan Smith – Mastering

Charts

Certifications and sales

Notes

Ruslana albums
2004 albums
Springfield National Cemetery

Springfield National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Springfield, in Greene County, Missouri. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses , and as of the end of 2005, had 14,685 interments.

History 
Established in 1867 as a place to initially inter Civil War Union soldiers, many of whom died at the Battle of Wilson's Creek. In 1871 a section for Confederate soldiers was added. It has since been expanded and opened to all veterans, and now has the interred remains of soldiers from wars dating back to the Revolutionary War. The cemetery lends its name to National Avenue in Springfield, which formerly passed by the cemetery prior to the southern expansion of the city decades ago.

Notable monuments 
 A marble pillar dedicated to Union General Nathaniel Lyon in 1888.
 A bronze sculpture dedicated to Confederate General Sterling Price in 1901.
 The Battle of Wilson's Creek Memorial.
 A monument dedicated to Pearl Harbor survivors, erected in 1992.
 The Sons and Daughters of the American Revolution Memorial, dedicated to the Continental Army soldiers who died in the Revolutionary War.

Notable interments 
 Medal of Honor recipients
 Sergeant Harrison Collins (1836–1890),  for action in the Civil War
 Corporal Orion P. Howe (1848–1890), for action in the Civil War
 Pharmacist's Mate Chief Petty Officer Fred H. McGuire (1890–1958), for action in the Philippine–American War
 Captain Patrick Pentzer (1838–1901), for action in the Civil War
 Pharmacist's Mate Third Class Jack Williams (1924–1945), for action in World War II
 Others
 Horton Smith (1908–1963), World War II US Army Air Corps captain and professional golfer
 Major General Ralph E. Truman (1880–1962), career Army officer
 Richard Hanson Weightman (1816–1861), Delegate to the US Congress from New Mexico Territory and Civil War Confederate officer
 Various Buffalo Soldiers

References

External links

 National Cemetery Administration
 Springfield National Cemetery
 
 
 

Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Historic American Landscapes Survey in Missouri
United States national cemeteries
Buildings and structures in Springfield, Missouri
Protected areas of Greene County, Missouri
Tourist attractions in Springfield, Missouri
National Register of Historic Places in Greene County, Missouri
1867 establishments in Missouri
Donington Park motorway services

Donington Park is a motorway service station owned by Moto, near  Kegworth village in the English East Midlands. It is accessed from the M1 motorway by junctions 23a (from the south) and 24 (from the north), and is part of the complex of junctions involving the A42, A453, A50 and A6 roads. The service station is adjacent to East Midlands Airport and the East Midlands Gateway freight terminal, and is some  from the Donington Park motorsport circuit, from which it takes its name.

The service area comprises a main building, with car parking to the north, a separate refuelling station to the east and a conservation area and lake to the south. The main building has a central three-story high atrium containing a food court, with flanking three-story wings to west and east containing retail outlets and other facilities on the ground floor, and the rooms of a Travelodge hotel in the upper floors. The main entrance to the building is from the car park to the north, whilst at the south end is an outdoor terrace overlooking the lake.

From a local government perspective, the service station is in the civil parish of Long Whatton and Diseworth, the district of North West Leicestershire and the county of Leicestershire.

Donington Park motorway services opened on 8 July 1999, being originally owned by Granada, which became Moto in 2001. It was one of the first to offer a whole set of non-food shops, similar to an airport, which now has been adopted as standard. The neighbouring airport has far fewer landside facilities for those awaiting arrivals (before check-in).

Gallery

References

External links 
 
 Motorway Man on Newsnight

Commercial buildings completed in 1999
Transport infrastructure completed in 1999
M1 motorway service stations
Moto motorway service stations
Buildings and structures in Leicestershire
Transport in Leicestershire
North West Leicestershire District
1999 establishments in England
Sulingen

Sulingen is a town in the district of Diepholz, Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximatively 30 km east of Diepholz, and 45 km south of Bremen.

Sister cities
 Joniškis, Lithuania

People from Sulingen 
 Walter Momper (born 1945), German politician (SPD)
 Liesel Westermann (born 1944), German discus thrower

References

Towns in Lower Saxony
Diepholz (district)
Angat River

The Angat River (also called Quingua River) is a river in the Philippines located in the province of Bulacan. It flows from the Sierra Madre mountain range to Manila Bay. Three dams are located along the river namely Angat, Ipo and Bustos. The catchment or basin area of the river is  located in the Angat Watershed Forest Reserve. Angat River snakes through the municipalities of Doña Remedios Trinidad, Norzagaray, Angat, Bustos, San Rafael, Baliwag, Plaridel, Pulilan, Calumpit, Paombong, and Hagonoy. The river joins the Pampanga River at Calumpit via the Bagbag River.

Crossings 
This is listed from mouth to source.

 Hangga Bridge (Paombong–Hagonoy boundary)
 Iba-Ibayo Bridge (Paombong–Hagonoy boundary)
 Labangan Bridge #1 (, Calumpit)
 Angat Bridge (, Plaridel–Pulilan boundary)
 Plaridel-Pulilan Bridge (, Plaridel–Pulilan boundary)
 New Plaridel-Pulilan Bridge (Plaridel–Pulilan Diversion Road, Plaridel–Pulilan boundary)
 General Alejo Santos Bridge (Baliwag–Bustos boundary)
 Plaridel Bypass Road (Bustos–San Rafael boundary)
 Angat Bridge (M. Valte Road, Angat)
 Matictic Bridge (Dr. S. Pascual Road, Norzagaray)
 Bitbit Bridge (Norzagaray)

Gallery

References

Rivers of the Philippines
Landforms of Bulacan
Camargo, Mississippi

Camargo is a ghost town in Monroe County, Mississippi, United States.  Once a thriving river port, Camargo declined following the completion of a nearby railway.

History
Camargo was laid out in 1847, and was named by a veteran of the Mexican–American War, after a war camp near Camargo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.  Located on Old Town Creek, it was described as a "flourishing port", with schools, stores, a steamboat landing, a church, post office, cemetery, and Masonic Lodge. The Confederate States Army won a skirmish at Camargo on July 14, 1864.

The Mobile and Ohio Railroad opened about  west of Camargo in the late 1840s.  A plan to build a railway line from Camargo to the Mobile and Ohio mainline was prepared, and in 1854, the Camargo Branch Railroad Company was established, though the line was never constructed. With the success of the nearby railway, Old Town Creek was neglected and became filled with trees and debris, making it impractical as a transport route. "Under the new conditions of competition the little river ports suffered heavily and tended to dry up", and Camargo was abandoned by the 1870s.

References

Former populated places in Monroe County, Mississippi
Former populated places in Mississippi
Arch of Drusus

The Arch of Drusus is an ancient arch in Rome, Italy, close to the First Mile of the Appian Way and next to the Porta San Sebastiano. Long misidentified, it is most likely the remains of the Arch of Trajan.

History
The exact origins of the current Arch are disputed. It is now generally agreed that it has nothing to do with Nero Claudius Drusus, the conqueror of the Germans. The original Arch of Drusus was erected by the Senate in honour of Drusus following his death in 9 BCE, and spanned the Via Appia. Its exact location is not certain, but this arch no longer exists.

Regarding the current arch, some versions have this arch being constructed as part of a spur added to the Aqua Marcia by Caracalla in 211–216 AD to take water from that aqueduct to Caracalla's new baths. However, it appears more likely that the arch pre-dated the aqueduct and that the aqueduct was conveniently routed over the top of the arch.

Only the central part of this arch is now standing, but it was originally triple, or at least with projections on each side, although never finished. It is built of travertine, faced with marble, and on each side of the archway are columns of Numidian marble with white marble bases.  The archway is 7.21 metres high. The Aqua Antoniniana, the branch of the Aqua Marcia, ran over this arch, but the brick-faced concrete that is visible on the top seems to belong to a later period. As a number of the features of the arch, such as the pediment and the free-standing columns are Trajanic features, it is very probable that the arch is what remains of the Arch of Trajan.

The Einsiedeln Itinerary written in the 9th century refers to a Arcus Recordationis situated near the Baths of Caracalla; this may be a reference to the original Arch of Drusus.

See also

List of Roman triumphal arches
List of ancient monuments in Rome

References

External links

Ancient gates in the Aurelian Walls
Ancient Roman triumphal arches in Rome
Rome R. XIX Celio
Nero Claudius Drusus
Septimius Acindynus

Septimius Acindynus was a Roman consul with Valerius Proculus in 340 AD. He was governor of Antioch when he imprisoned a man who had been unable to pay a pound of gold into the public treasury. He released him after his wife, with his own sanction, "listened to the persuasions" of a rich man; but the rich man had filled her purse with earth instead of gold. He revealed his fraud to Acindynus. Condemning himself for the rigor which had led to the crime, Acindynus paid the gold himself, and gave the woman the field from which the earth had been brought.

References

Imperial Roman consuls
4th-century Romans
Praetorian prefects of the East
Septimii
Catharine Dixon

Catharine Dixon (born 1927) is a Canadian journalist and author of non-fiction books.

A resident of Elliot Lake, Ontario for almost fifty years, in the 1970s, Dixon worked as a reporter for the Sault Star newspaper in Sault Ste. Marie. The author of several short stories, her 1996 book The Power and the Promise is a historical reference for the city of Elliot Lake. She currently lives in Barrie, Ontario.

Bibliography
 The Power and the Promise  (1996)
 As it Happened  (2001)

External links
 Catharine Dixon book referencing website
 Catharine Dixon fonds at Laurentian University.

1927 births
Living people
Canadian women journalists
Canadian non-fiction writers
Journalists from Ontario
Writers from Ontario
People from Elliot Lake
Canadian women short story writers
20th-century Canadian short story writers
20th-century Canadian women writers
Canadian women non-fiction writers
Paul Jones (computer technologist)

Paul Jones (born February 5, 1950 in Hickory, North Carolina) is a graduate of NC State University and the Director of ibiblio, a contributor-run, digital library of public domain and creative commons media, administered by the Office of Information Technology Service of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. On the basis of his bachelor's in Computer Science from NC State University and MFA from Warren Wilson College, he has become Clinical Associate Professor in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication, and Clinical Associate Professor in the School of Information and Library Science, at UNC-Chapel Hill.

Jones was the first manager of SunSITE, one of the first World Wide Web sites in North America. He is an author of The Web Server Book (Ventana, 1995), and of numerous articles about topics such as digital libraries and the Open Source movement. He is an actively publishing poet.

He is married to Sally Greene, a research lawyer and former member of the Town Council of Chapel Hill.

See also

References

Living people
North Carolina State University alumni
Warren Wilson College alumni
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill staff
1950 births
Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Duchesne

Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Duchesne (1770, Gisors, Eure - 1856, Paris) was a French painter and miniaturist.

He became known after the exposition of 1804 and was a royal painter during Restoration. His works are quite realistic.

Biography
Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Duchesne, known as Duchesne de Gisors, a French painter of miniatures and enamels, was born at Gisors in 1770. He was the son of Jean Baptiste Duchesne, a sculptor, and a pupil of Vincent. He exhibited at first under the name of Duchesne, afterwards under that of Duchesne des Argillers, and finally, from 1833 until his death, under that of Duchesne de Gisors. He died at Gisors in 1856.

References

 

1770 births
1856 deaths
People from Eure
18th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century French painters
French enamellers
19th-century enamellers
18th-century enamellers
Portrait miniaturists
19th-century French male artists
18th-century French male artists
The Open Mind (TV series)

The Open Mind is a nationally broadcast public affairs interview program. It is one of the longest running program in the history of American public television. First broadcast in May 1956, this "thoughtful excursion into the world of ideas" across politics, media, technology, the arts and realms of civic life currently originates from CUNY TV studios and airs on public television stations. Its creator, Richard Heffner, was host until his death on December 17, 2013. Alexander Heffner, Richard Heffner's grandson, took over as the program's host in 2014 renewing its commitment to civil discourse for the new generation.

History
The Open Mind was conceived to elicit meaningful insights into the challenges that society faces in contemporary areas of public concern. The program's title is attributed to a quote of Barnard College dean Virginia Gildersleeve, "Keep an open mind, but not so open that your brains fall out." The theme music chosen by Heffner, "World Without Time," is by the Sauter-Finegan Orchestra from their LP Adventures in Time. Recent guests have included Pete Buttigieg, John Kasich, Bernie Sanders, Ernesto Zedillo, Salman Rushdie, Omar Saif Ghobash, Jonathan Sacks, John I. Jenkins, 9th Wonder, Shabaka Hutchings, J.B. Smoove, Claes de Vreese, Joe Weisberg, Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Nan Whaley, Mitchell Baker, Zeynep Tufekci, Naomi Oreskes, and Maya Soetoro-Ng. In May 2016, the program entered its 60th season.

Guests
Thousands of guests have appeared on the program, including many prominent civil- and human-rights leaders (Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, Gloria Steinem, Elie Wiesel, Ken Roth), intellectuals and historians  (William F. Buckley, John Hope Franklin, Neil Postman, Robert Caro), economists (Milton Friedman, Alan Greenspan, Paul Krugman), politicians (Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Richard Lugar, Dianne Feinstein), jurists and lawyers (Thurgood Marshall, Stephen Breyer, Judith Kaye,  Tim Wu, Jameel Jaffer), educators (Arne Duncan, John Palfrey, Martha Minow, Michael S. Roth), journalists (Frank Bruni, Jean Guerrero, Isobel Yeung, Wesley Lowery), and musicians (Macy Gray, Moby, Aloe Blacc, Ottmar Liebert).

See also
 List of longest running United States television series

References

External links
 
 
 The Open Mind archive at Internet Archive.

1956 American television series debuts
1950s American television series
1960s American television series
1970s American television series
1980s American television series
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
2020s American television series
Black-and-white American television shows
Local talk shows in the United States
PBS original programming
Facial vein

The facial vein (or anterior facial vein) is a relatively large vein in the human face. It commences at the side of the root of the nose and is a direct continuation of the angular vein where it also receives a small nasal branch. It lies behind the facial artery and follows a less tortuous course.  It receives blood from the external palatine vein before it either joins the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, or drains directly into the internal jugular vein.

A common misconception states that the facial vein has no valves, but this has been contradicted. 

Its walls are not so flaccid as most superficial veins.

Path
From its origin it runs obliquely downward and backward, beneath the zygomaticus major muscle and zygomatic head of the quadratus labii superioris, descends along the anterior border and then on the superficial surface of the masseter, crosses over the body of the mandible, and passes obliquely backward, beneath the platysma and cervical fascia, superficial to the submandibular gland, the digastricus and stylohyoideus muscles.

Clinical significance
Thrombophlebitis of the facial vein, (inflammation of the facial vein with secondary clot formation) can result in pieces of an infected clot extending into the cavernous sinus, forming thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus. Infections may spread from the facial veins into the dural venous sinuses. Infections may also be introduced by facial lacerations and by bursting pimples in the areas drained by the facial vein.

Additional images

References

External links
  ()
 Figure 47-5 

Veins of the head and neck
Vein
Konawaruk River

The Konawaruk River is a river in Potaro-Siparuni, Guyana. About 60 miles long, it is a tributary of the Essequibo River, joining it just south of the Potaro River mouth at .

About two miles from the juncture at the Essequibo, is Temple Bar falls.

Mining, especially for gold, was the primary industry along the river as early as 1900, and being mined by British Guiana Consolidated Enterprise Limited in the 1950s. In 2003, an assessment by United Development International "verified reserves of over 400,000 ounces of gold" in the claim encompassing the Konawaruk.

Pollution from extraction processes, including the use of missile dredges, has had a severe effect on the ecology of the river and environmentalists have considered it "dead" for its inability to support wildlife. Illegal dredging operations are a constant threat.

References 

Rivers of Guyana
Common facial vein

The facial vein usually unites with the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, which crosses the external carotid artery and enters the internal jugular vein at a variable point below the hyoid bone.

From near its termination a communicating branch often runs down the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoideus to join the lower part of the anterior jugular vein.

The common facial vein is not present in all individuals.

References

External links
  ()

Veins of the head and neck
Common vein
Stuhr

Stuhr is a municipality in the district of Diepholz, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 7 km southwest of Bremen. The biggest cities in Stuhr are Brinkum, Fahrenhorst, Groß Mackenstedt, Heiligenrode (Neukrug), Moordeich, Seckenhausen, Stuhr and Varrel. The most populous of these is Brinkum.

Twin towns – sister cities

Stuhr is twinned with:
 Alcalá de Guadaíra, Spain
 Écommoy, France
 Ostrzeszów, Poland
 Sigulda, Latvia

References

Diepholz (district)
George F. Curtis

George Fredrick Curtis  (1906 – October 23, 2005), was the founding dean of the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law.

Early life and career
Born 1906 in Stogumber, England, Curtis came to Canada in 1913. He attended Moose Jaw Collegiate and then earned his law degree at the University of Saskatchewan in 1927, being awarded the Governor-General's Gold Medal on graduation. He then went on to study at Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, where he earned his Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1930 and his BCL in 1931, both with first class honours.

Curtis was in private legal practice in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and taught at Dalhousie University until he was appointed the founding Dean of the University of British Columbia Faculty of Law in 1945. He arrived at a time when there was very little money, no facility to house classes, and no library. Undaunted by these challenges, Curtis took the initiative and recruited judges and practitioners as voluntary lecturers to supplement himself and one other professor. He served in this capacity until 1971. He was later named Dean Emeritus by the university.

UBC’s Faculty of Law began its first classes in September 1945, operating from old army huts transplanted to UBC at the end of World War II. Founding Dean Curtis fought hard for proper facilities for B.C.’s first law school, and on September 4, 1952, the University officially opened the first purpose-built law school building in Canada. By the 1970s, the Faculty had outgrown its first building and embarked on a major renovation including the addition of a new multi-story concrete structure built in the Brutalist style fashionable at the time. The new Law building re-opened on September 17, 1976, as the "George F. Curtis Building." Curtis kept an office in the building until 2005, when he died at the age of 99. In August 2011, UBC Law will move into a brand new building on the same site named Allard Hall. A significant space in the building will be named "The George F. Curtis Dean's and Student Government Suite" which will house deans and administrative offices as well as offices and meeting space for the Law Student Society.

Important dates
1957 - Named Queen's Counsel
1960s - Helped draft the BC University Act 
1964 - Named a member of the Order of the Coif in 1964
1986 - First recipient of the Law Society Award
1995 - Named a member of the Order of British Columbia
1995 - Received the Canadian Bar Association’s Ramon John Hnatyshyn Award for Law
2003 - Received the Queen's Jubilee Gold Medal
2003 - Appointed an officer of The Order of Canada

Bibliography
UBC Archives

External links
George F. Curtis Building - UBC Law Building named after Curtis

1906 births
2005 deaths
Lawyers in Nova Scotia
Lawyers in British Columbia
Academic staff of the University of British Columbia
Officers of the Order of Canada
Canadian King's Counsel
British emigrants to Canada
Wagenfeld

Wagenfeld is a municipality in the district of Diepholz, Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km east of Diepholz, and 40 km northwest of Minden.

References

Diepholz (district)
Human Waste

Human Waste is the debut EP by death metal band Suffocation. It was released in May 1991 through Relapse Records, and was also the first ever CD to be released by Relapse. "Infecting The Crypts", "Mass Obliteration", 
and "Jesus Wept" were re-recorded on the following album, Effigy of the Forgotten. "Synthetically Revived" was also re-recorded on Pierced from Within and "Catatonia" was re-recorded for the Despise the Sun EP. The only track that has not been re-recorded is the title track, which was originally recorded for the demo Reincremated.

Human Waste was reissued in 2005 with two bonus tracks taken from the 1990 demo Reincremated (which are "Involuntary Slaughter" and "Reincremation").

Track listing

Personnel
 Frank Mullen - vocals
 Terrance Hobbs - lead guitar
 Doug Cerrito - rhythm guitar
 Josh Barohn - bass
 Mike Smith - drums

Production
 Conrad Ziarnink- engineer on reissue (tracks: 6 to 8)
 Paul Bagin - engineer on first press (tracks: 1 to 6), reissue (tracks: 1 to 7)
 Matthew F. Jacobson - executive producer
 Suffocation - producer
 Ron Spencer - artwork

References

Suffocation (band) albums
1991 debut EPs
Relapse Records EPs
Bill Sidwell

Oswald William Thomas Sidwell (16 April 1920 – 19 August 2021) was an Australian tennis player.

Sidwell reached five Grand Slam doubles finals, winning once, at the 1949 U.S. National Championships with compatriot John Bromwich. He also played in the Davis Cup in 1948 and 1949 where Australia lost to the United States both years in the Challenge Round. As a junior, he won the Australian Open boys' singles event in 1939. Sidwell played golf regularly in place of tennis.

He was ranked world No. 10 for 1949 by John Olliff. As of December 2008, Sidwell was still organising golf events at the age of 88. He turned 100 in April 2020 and died in Caringbah in August 2021, at the age of 101.

Grand Slam finals

Doubles (1 title, 4 runners-up)

Mixed doubles (1 runner-up)

References

External links
 
 
 
 AVGA official website

1920 births
2021 deaths
Australian centenarians
Australian Championships (tennis) junior champions
Australian male tennis players
Tennis people from New South Wales
United States National champions (tennis)
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in boys' singles
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in boys' doubles
Men centenarians
Sportsmen from New South Wales
Howe Caverns

Howe Caverns is a cave in Howes Cave, Schoharie County, New York. Howe Caverns is a popular tourist attraction, providing visitors with a sense of caving or spelunking, without needing the advanced equipment and training usually associated with such adventures.

Geology
Geologists believe the formation of the cave, which lies  below ground, began several million years ago. The cave walls are composed mainly of two types of limestone (Coeymans and Manlius) from different periods in the Earth's early history, deposited hundreds of millions of years ago when the Atlantic Ocean stretched far inland. The cave contains an underground lake, called the Lake of Venus, as well as many speleothems.

Discovery and development

Howe Caverns is named after farmer Lester Howe, who discovered the cave on May 22, 1842, after noticing that his cows frequently gathered near bushes at the bottom of a hill on hot summer days. Behind the bushes, Howe found a strong, cool breeze emanating from a hole in the Earth. Howe proceeded to dig out and explore the cave with his friend and neighbor, Henry Wetsel, on whose land the cave entrance was located. The cave is a constant temperature of , irrespective of the outside weather.

Howe opened the cave to eight-hour public tours in 1843, and, as business grew, a hotel was built over the entrance. When Howe encountered financial difficulties, he sold off parts of his property until a limestone quarry purchased the remainder. The quarry's purchase included the hillside, which encompassed the cave's natural entrance. 

Eventually, the cave was closed to the public, until an organization was formed in 1927 to reopen it. The organization spent the next two years undertaking development work to create an alternative entrance into the cave. After completion of the work – including elevators, brick walkways, lighting, and handrails – the cave was reopened to visitors on Memorial Day, May 1929.

Developments since 2000
In 2008, the cave was purchased by private owners. In 2011, an adventure park attraction was assembled at the site, and it has been expanded since then.

In May 2015, Howe Caverns officials re-opened the natural entrance of the cave to public tours. The newly-opened section of the cavern had not been seen since 1900, as the property had been owned by a succession of cement companies since the late 1800s.

Howe Caverns has several tours, including a 90 minute walking tour with a boat ride and a two-and-a-half hour spelunking tour. The expanded tour features the remains of Howe's original tourist boat and signatures in the rock left by 19th-century cavern visitors.

Howe Caverns is also a wedding venue. Weddings are performed atop a heart-shaped calcite formation in the cave.

References

External links
 Cave House Museum of Mining & Geology
 BSA Scavenger Hunt Info

Caves of New York (state)
Limestone caves
Show caves in the United States
Landforms of Schoharie County, New York
Tourist attractions in Schoharie County, New York
Museums in Schoharie County, New York
Natural history museums in New York (state)
Geology museums in New York (state)
Waterfoot, County Antrim

Waterfoot or Glenariff () is a small coastal village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is at the foot of Glenariff, one of the Glens of Antrim, within the historic barony of Glenarm Lower and the civil parishes of Ardclinis and Layd. The village is in the townland of Warren,  north-east of Ballymena. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 504 inhabitants.

The village appeared in the news in November 2010 when Peter Wilson, one of the "disappeared" of the Troubles, was found buried on its beach on 2 November 2010.

Demographics	
On Census Day 27th March 2011, in Waterfoot Settlement, considering the resident population:
 
98.85% were from the white (including Irish Traveller) ethnic group;
94.62% belong to or were brought up in the Catholic religion and 4.42% belong to or were brought up in a 'Protestant and Other Christian (including Christian related)' religion; and
12.12% indicated that they had a British national identity, 58.65% had an Irish national identity and 31.73% had a Northern Irish national identity*.

See also
List of towns and villages in Northern Ireland

References

Villages in County Antrim
Civil parish of Ardclinis
Civil parish of Layd
Moyle District Council
Beaches of Northern Ireland
Aleksin

Aleksin () is a town and the administrative center of Aleksinsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located  northwest of Tula, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:

History
It was founded at the end of the 13th century and first mentioned in 1348 in the Nikon Chronicle. Aleksin was sacked by Khan Akhmat in 1472 during his invasion of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Because of its location on the Oka River, it was, for a while, an important inland port. Aleksin was granted town status in 1777. The town expanded in the 1930s with the construction of a chemical plant. During World War II, Aleksin was under German occupation from 29 November 1941 until 17 December 1941.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Aleksin serves as the administrative center of Aleksinsky District and is incorporated within it as a town under district jurisdiction. As a municipal division, the town of Aleksin, together with 154 rural localities in Aleksinsky District, is incorporated as Aleksin Urban Okrug.

Twin towns – sister cities

Aleksin is twinned with:

 Saky, Ukraine
 Salihorsk, Belarus
 Tivat, Montenegro
 Veľký Krtíš, Slovakia
 Yevpatoria, Ukraine

Partner cities

 Yelabuga, Russia
 Dimitrovgrad, Russia
 Dzerzhinsky, Russia
 Maloyaroslavets, Russia
 Syzran, Russia
 Susaninsky District, Russia
 Chusovoy, Russia
 Serpukhov, Russia

References

Notes

Sources

External links
Official website of Aleksin 
Directory of organizations in Aleksin 

Cities and towns in Tula Oblast
Aleksinsky Uyezd
The Newcomers (miniseries)

The Newcomers was a series of seven hour-long Canadian television specials that aired from 1977 to 1980 on CBC Television. These dramas explored the theme of Canada as a nation built by immigrants, spanning from the era before Canada was founded until modern times. The series was sponsored by Imperial Oil to mark the company's 100th anniversary in 1980. The series was produced by Nielsen-Ferns. McClelland and Stewart published a related book in 1979.

A French version aired on Radio-Canada with the title Les Arrivants.

The opening theme music for the series was composed by Hagood Hardy.

Episodes 

All seven episodes were re-aired between 12 March and 2 April 1980.

References

External links
 

1970s Canadian drama television series
CBC Television original programming
Works by Timothy Findley
1977 Canadian television series debuts
1980 Canadian television series endings