alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Shibden Valley

Shibden Valley (also known as Shibden Dale) is to the east of Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, where the community of Shibden lies. The name of the Shibden valley comes from scepe dene meaning "sheep valley" or "Sheep Vale". The area was heavily involved in wool production but was also a site of much coal production and flagstones from Northowram, Southowram and Hipperholme areas.

The Red Beck stream flows down the valley, joining the River Calder at Brookfoot. It runs for  and drains an area of .

Southowram stands on the southern side of the valley, and Northowram stands on the northern side of the valley. Shibden Valley stretches from Halifax through to Queensbury in the south-west of Bradford. A medieval road, the Magna Via,  crosses west to east in the lower part of the valley over Beacon Hill. This was an ancient road between Halifax and Wakefield and the road still retains its Hollow way character with stone setts for some of the route. The A58 also crosses the valley as does the Caldervale line between  and , though this is in a  tunnel under Beacon Hill.

Shibden Hall lies in the valley set in the grounds of Shibden Park which is accessible to the public and has walks, a boating lake and a miniature railway.

References

External links
Shibden Valley Society website

Geography of Calderdale
Valleys of West Yorkshire
Villa Traful

Villa Traful is a hamlet of the Argentine province of Neuquén located at the shore of the Traful Lake, at 720 metres above mean sea level. It is located inside the Nahuel Huapi National Park on the Road of the Seven lakes, 60 km from Villa La Angostura and 100 km from Bariloche, at . The main access is Provincial Route 65. The town was founded in 1936 by the Argentine National Park Administration (DPN).

It's composed of about 80 houses, built in traditional Alpine-Andine architecture that combines wood with stone, and its population is over 400 inhabitants. The most important part of the economy is based on tourism, especially sport fishing, trekking, horseback riding and mountaineering. Since Villa Traful is inside a National Park, fishing and mountaineering are allowed only with authorisation. Tourism is concentrated generally in summer and spring, while in winter there are almost no tourist.

Sources
The Magic of living in the Nature - MercoTour.com (Spanish)
Pictures at VillaTraful.com
Traful History
Villa Traful at Patagonia.com.ar (Spanish)

Populated places in Neuquén Province
Tourism in Argentina
German-Argentine culture
Swiss-Argentine culture
Parliamentary Information Management System

Parliamentary Information Management Services (PIMS) is an electronic library used in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The aims of the PIMS project were to provide easy access to parliamentary information for all users of the parliamentary intranet, by creating a new infrastructure for the storage, search, retrieval and management of parliamentary information held in the Libraries of the Houses of Commons and Lords. This would replace and extend the POLIS databases that had been used by the two Libraries for over twenty years, and provide a platform on which the services available to Members of both Houses of Parliament and the public might be developed further.

The first services went live in December 2004 supporting Commons Library enquiry handling. The main services came on stream in April 2005 with facilities for search and retrieval of material and content management. There were some initial difficulties with maintaining the currency of information in the system, and a programme of technical changes designed to improve performance was put in place and completed in November 2005. Further enhancements were made over the next few months before the project concluded in early 2006.

Notes 

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Wolf's Lair Abyss

Wolf's Lair Abyss is an EP by the Norwegian black metal band Mayhem.

According to the band's website, it is the first part of Grand Declaration of War. The main riff of the last track, "Symbols of Bloodswords", is used in "A Grand Declaration of War" and "View from Nihil (Part II)".

This EP was the first Mayhem release without guitarist Euronymous, who was murdered in 1993. The new line-up's material displayed across the songs is notably far more technical than that of earlier incarnations of the band; apart from the intro, each track contains at least two separate sections and is played at high tempo with consistent blast beats.

Track listing

Personnel
Mayhem
Sven Erik Kristiansen (Maniac) - vocals
Rune Eriksen (Blasphemer) - guitar
Jørn Stubberud (Necrobutcher) - bass guitar
Jan Axel Blomberg (Hellhammer) - drums

Production
Produced by Krystoffer Rygg
Engineered, mixed and mastered by Mayhem
Recorded at Studio Studio Nyhagen

See also
 Mayhem discography

References

Mayhem (band) albums
1997 EPs
Black metal EPs
Sometimes They Come Back... for More

Sometimes They Come Back... for More is the second straight-to-video sequel to Sometimes They Come Back. The video was directed by Daniel Zelik Berk and released in 1998.

Plot
The U.S. military has a secret illegal mining operation in Antarctica. When one of the personnel stationed at the base goes on a rampage, two military operatives, Capt. Sam Cage (Clayton Rohner) and Maj. Callie O'Grady (Chase Masterson) search the base by rappelling in from helicopter during stormy weather. They discover two survivors, medical officer Capt. Jennifer Wells (Faith Ford) and technical officer Lieut. Brian Shebanski (Max Perlich). The base radio is mysteriously smashed.

Going into the mining area of the base, Capt. Cage sees what appears to be another survivor and starts a chase through the corridors, taking an elevator down to the second level. When Maj. O'Grady collapses because of the gases in the mine he takes her to an elevator, only to discover they are actually on the fourth level. Back in the main compound they discover that a body they had found in the snow has now moved and is gone. They find dead and dying personnel, and a book about conjuring the Devil. More bodies disappear when nobody's looking, and reappear later as lurching menaces. Soon Jennifer and Sam find themselves the only ones still alive, fighting the undead and their diabolical master.

Cast
 Clayton Rohner as Captain Sam Cage 
 Faith Ford as Dr. Jennifer Wells 
 Max Perlich as Lieutenant Brian Shebanski 
 Chase Masterson as Major Callie O'Grady 
 Damian Chapa as Dr. Karl Schilling 
 Jennifer O'Dell as Mary 
 Michael Stadvec as Captain Robert Reynolds 
 Stephen Hart as Major Frank Whittaker 
 Douglas Stoup as Lieutenant Baines 
 Frank Ceglia as Soldier In Bar

See also
 Project Iceworm - a top-secret United States Army program during the Cold War to build a network of mobile nuclear missile launch sites under the Greenland ice sheet.

External links
 
 
 

1999 films
American supernatural horror films
Demons in film
Direct-to-video sequel films
1998 horror films
1998 films
Films set in Antarctica
Trimark Pictures films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films
Bolton Swings Sinatra: The Second Time Around

Bolton Swings Sinatra: The Second Time Around is an album by Michael Bolton. Bolton records songs originally made notable by Frank Sinatra.

The album debuted at #51 and constitutes another minor and brief comeback for Bolton, with about 200,000 copies in the US and less than 300,000 copies worldwide.

Track listing
 "You Go to My Head" (J. Fred Coots, Haven Gillespie) – 4:03
 "Fly Me to the Moon" (Bart Howard) – 2:58
 "For Once in My Life" (Ron Miller, Orlando Burden) – 3:20
 "Summer Wind" (Hans Bradtke, Henry Mayer, Johnny Mercer) – 2:34
 "My Funny Valentine" (Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers) – 3:52
 "I've Got You Under My Skin" (Cole Porter) – 3:31
 "That's Life" (Kelly Gordon, Dean Kay) – 3:17
 "The Second Time Around" - duet with Nicollette Sheridan (Sammy Cahn, Jimmy Van Heusen) – 4:03
 "The Girl from Ipanema" (Vinicius de Moraes, Norman Gimbel, Antonio Carlos Jobim) – 3:12
 "Night and Day" (Porter) – 4:01
 "They Can't Take That Away From Me" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 3:10
 "Theme from New York, New York" (John Kander, Fred Ebb) – 2:28

References

2006 albums
Michael Bolton albums
Frank Sinatra tribute albums
Traditional pop albums
Ahmed Djoghlaf

Ahmed Djoghlaf (born 25 November 1953 in Algiers), was the executive secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) until 2012.

As Executive Secretary of the Convention, he had a key role in the field of sustainable development and protection of global biodiversity.

He was formerly the Assistant Executive Director of UNEP and Director of the Division of the Global Environment Facility Coordination.  He studied at, among others, the Nancy-Université, France (PhD in political sciences), St. John's University, New York (Master of Arts, Government and Politics), Université Lille Nord de France (Master of Political Sciences and Information Sciences) and the University of Algiers (Law degree).

He is a Councillor of the World Future Council.

External links 
Convention on Biological Diversity

1953 births
Living people
People from Algiers
Algerian officials of the United Nations
United Nations Environment Programme
Algerian diplomats
Nancy-Université alumni
21st-century Algerian people
AstroPop

AstroPop is a real-time puzzle video game developed and published by PopCap Games.  The Adobe Flash version can be played online for free at several different websites, or a deluxe version can be downloaded and unlocked for a fee. The game is available for Xbox and Xbox 360 through Xbox Live Arcade. AstroPop was ported over to the PlayStation 2 in 2007 alongside another PopCap game, Bejeweled 2 which was released as a two-game compilation pack as PopCap Hits! Volume 1. The game has also been ported to cell phones.

Gameplay

The object of the game is to clear a certain number of bricks in each level in order to fill up the Brick-O-Meter. Players control a ship which moves horizontally along the bottom of the screen. The ship can grab and release bricks (up to 6 of the same-colored bricks at a time), moving them from one column to another. If the player releases bricks such that 4 of more bricks of the same color are touching, the bricks explode. As bricks explode, the bricks below move up to fill in the gaps. If this causes 4 or more bricks of the same color to meet, they too will automatically explode (referred to as a combo).

New rows of bricks continuously arrive from the top of the screen, at a rate directly proportional to the level of play. The game ends when any column of bricks touches the bottom, if the bricks touches those that the player is holding, or they touch the player's character (where it is possible to trigger a game over without an alarm or siren appearing for the former and the bricks cannot really reach the bottom-most row of the screen for the last two cases).

Reception 

Most reviews of the game indicated that, while somewhat similar to existing offerings, it offered enough new elements to be worth playing. In a review of the Xbox 360 version, TeamXbox concluded that "AstroPop offers enough fun in its gameplay and design to warrant the purchase." GameSpot, reviewing the mobile version of the title, felt that it played well and that it "should appeal to virtually every mobile gamer out there", resulting in a score of 8.5 out of 10.

References

External links
 Official AstroPop website at PopCap Games
 Xbox.com AstroPop game details page
 

2004 video games
PlayStation 2 games
Flash games
Mobile games
Original Xbox Live Arcade games
Puzzle video games
PopCap games
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Xbox 360 Live Arcade games
Xbox 360 games

Single-player video games
BT Ambassador

The BT Ambassador is a telephone private branch exchange switchboard. Manufactured for BT by the General Electric Company, it was discontinued in 1991.  There was a larger version called Senator.  Both systems used proprietary phones, allowed direct access to outside lines (with lamp indication), had an intercom facility and allowed basic call diversion.  Apart from this, there were few features, and these systems are now obsolete.  Ambassador systems handled 1 line & 3 extensions or 2 lines and 4 extensions, while the Senator could handle 5 lines and 10 extensions, depending on the cards in the control unit.  Used Ambassador and Senator equipment is available on the second hand market in the United Kingdom.  These days they could provide intercoms facilities for private homes but do not have much use in a modern office, due to lack of features and interoperability.

External links
Ambassador

Telephony equipment
BT Group
Pohjola's Daughter

The tone poem Pohjola's Daughter (in Finnish: ), Op. 49, was composed by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius in 1906.  Originally, Sibelius intended to title the work , after the character in the  (the Finnish national epic). The publisher Robert Lienau insisted on the German title Tochter des Nordens ("Daughter of the North"), which is a literal translation of the work's Finnish title, Pohjolan tytär, traditionally given in English as Pohjola's Daughter. Sibelius then countered with the new title . He also considered calling the work . However, Lienau's suggestion eventually became the work's published title.  (The title  was subsequently given to a later piece.) This was the first work that Sibelius wrote directly for a German music publisher. Its first performance was given in Saint Petersburg in December 1906, with the composer himself conducting the Orchestra of the Mariinsky Theatre.

The passage in the  that inspired this work is in the 8th Runo, known in various English translations as "The Wound" or "Väinämöinen and the Maiden of North Farm".  The tone poem depicts the "steadfast, old," white-bearded Väinämöinen, who spots the beautiful "daughter of the North (Pohjola)", seated on a rainbow, weaving a cloth of gold while he is riding a sleigh through the dusky landscape. Väinämöinen asks her to join him, but she replies that she will only leave with a man who can perform a number of challenging tasks, such as tying an egg into invisible knots and, most notably, building a boat from fragments of her distaff. Väinämöinen attempts to fulfill these tasks through his own expertise in magic; in many of the tasks he succeeds, but he is eventually thwarted by evil spirits when attempting to build the boat and injures himself with an axe.  He gives up, abandons the tasks and continues on his journey alone.

Pohjola's Daughter is scored for a large orchestra: 2 flutes, piccolo, 2 oboes, cor anglais, 2 clarinets, bass clarinet in B, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 horns in F, 2 cornets in B, 2 trumpets in B, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, harp, and strings.

References

External links 
 
 On-line biography of Jean Sibelius, "The first years in Ainola 1904–1908".

Symphonic poems by Jean Sibelius
1906 compositions
Music based on the Kalevala
Jefferson County Airport

Jefferson County Airport may refer to:

 Jefferson County International Airport in Jefferson County, Washington, United States (FAA: 0S9)
 Jefferson County Airpark in Jefferson County, Ohio, United States (FAA: 2G2)
 DuBois Regional Airport, formerly DuBois-Jefferson County Airport, in Pennsylvania, United States (FAA: DUJ)
 Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport, formerly Jefferson County Airport, in Colorado, United States (FAA: BJC)
 Southeast Texas Regional Airport, formerly Jefferson County Airport, in Texas, United States (FAA: BPT)
Cwmynyscoy

Cwmynyscoy is a suburb of Pontypool in Torfaen, South Wales.

Statistics
All figures quoted have been derived from the 2001 Census unless otherwise stated.

Demographic Indicators
Total population of 1283 (Torfaen 90,949)

48.6% Male, 51.4% Female (Torfaen - 48.4% Male, 51.6% Female)

Age Structure; 19.5% aged between 0–15, 36.6% aged between 16 and 44, 25.3% aged 45–59/64 and 18.6% of pensionable age.

Socio-Economic Indicators

Activity Rates (2001)
Male (16-74) economic activity rate 63.4% (Torfaen 67.8%, Wales 67.7%), female (16-74) economic activity rate 48.9% (Torfaen 54.2%, Wales 54.5%), total economic activity rate 56.1% (Torfaen 60.8%, Wales 61.0%)

Unemployment (2004)
Whilst unemployment in the area has declined significantly and only 24 people remain registered unemployed, 16 males and 8 females (June 2004). Of the 24 claimants, 10 are under 24 years of age and 5 are registered as long-term unemployed (unemployed for over 52 weeks).

Home Ownership (2001)
Cwmynyscoy has a lower proportion of owner occupied households at 64.9% than Torfaen 68.3% and Wales as a whole 71.3%. 28.4% of properties are rented from the local authority (Torfaen 22.8%, Wales 13.7%)

Car Ownership (2001)
32.7% of households in Cwmynyscoy do not own a car (Torfaen 27.2%, Wales 26.0%).

Education (2001)
Residents qualified to Level 4/5: 8.9% (Torfaen 13.6%, Wales 17.4%). (Level 4/5: First degree, Higher degree, NVQ levels 4 and 5, HNC, HND, Qualified Teacher Status, Qualified Medical Doctor, Qualified Dentist, Qualified Nurse, Midwife, Health Visitor)

Lone Parent Families (2001)
10.9% of households in Cwmynyscoy are occupied by lone parents (Torfaen 10.8%, Wales 10.6%).

Nature reserve
Cwmynyscoy Quarry is a local nature reserve, within a disused quarry, home to a number of species including noctule bats and barn owls.

References

Suburbs of Pontypool
Sarah Kidder

Sarah Clark Kidder (var. Sara) (c.1839 - September 1933) was president of Northern California's Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad (NCNGRR) from 1901 to 1913. She was the first female railroad president in the world.

Railroad presidency 
Kidder became majority owner and president of the NCNGRR upon the death of her husband in 1901. Under her management, she was able to retire the company's debt and return dividends to the shareholders. During this period the railroad also built the Bear River Bridge, which was at the time the tallest in California. It cut two miles, and eight minutes, from the length of the trip between the two ends of the railroad.

In 1913, shortly after settling a legal challenge to her ownership of the railroad, she sold her stock and moved to San Francisco.

Personal life 
Born Sarah A. Clark in Ohio, Kidder married civil engineer John Flint Kidder in 1874. They moved to Grass Valley, California the following year. Their home was a large mansion (sources disagree on eighteen or twenty-eight room) mansion, adjacent to the railroad tracks. She hosted social gatherings and also did volunteer work for an orphan society.

Her adopted daughter, Beatrice, married Harvard University graduate Howard Ridgely Ward, and had three children.

Kidder remained in San Francisco after selling the railroad, and died there in 1933, at the age 94. She is interred at the Odd Fellow's Columbarium.

Honors
In honor of Sarah, John, and Beatrice Kidder, the Ancient and Honorable Order of E Clampus Vitus planted three trees in Grass Valley's Clamper Square. Two other plaques mentioning Kidder have also been placed at either end of the railroad.

The Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum's railbus is named after Kidder.

References

Further references 

 
 

                   

1839 births
1933 deaths
20th-century American railroad executives
People from Grass Valley, California
Women business executives
20th-century American businesswomen
Benjamin Ginsberg (businessman)

Benjamin Ginsberg (Беньямин-Тевья Гинзбург, , Moscow, Russian Empire – 14 February 1944, Cape Town, South Africa) was a South African businessman, credited with pioneering the commercialisation of rooibos.

Having arrived in the Cederberg region after the Second Boer War, Ginsberg joined his father, who ran a trading post over thirty kilometres south of Clanwilliam, Western Cape, on the present-day Hexrivier farm.
 
From about 1903, Benjamin Ginsberg peddled in the valley and the mountains on foot and with a mule cart. In that period, he learnt about rooibos tea. The young travelling salesman was introduced to rooibos in the Grootkloof valley, ten to fifteen kilometres from Hexrivier. Ginsberg could have been offered the beverage on a visit to local farmers. He would have also seen Coloured harvesters process their crop at tea stations near the settlement of Algeria.

Ginsberg started buying rooibos from harvesters and selling it to his customers in the area. By 1912, he had relocated to Clanwilliam and opened a shop in the present-day Visser Street. From there, he expanded his operations over the Cederberg and further afield. Reportedly, Ginsberg also encouraged White farmers to collect and process rooibos on a large scale.

By the late 1920s, growing demand for the tea led to problems with supply of the wild rooibos plants. As a remedy, Dr Pieter Lefras Nortier, district surgeon in Clanwilliam and avid naturalist, proposed to develop a cultivated variety of rooibos to be raised on appropriately situated land. Nortier worked on cultivation of the rooibos species in partnership with farmers Oloff Bergh and William Riordan, and with encouragement from Benjamin Ginsberg. The variety developed by Nortier has become the mainstay of the rooibos industry enabling it to expand and create income and jobs for inhabitants of rooibos-growing regions.

Benjamin Ginsberg created and launched the oldest existing brand of packed rooibos tea, Eleven O’Clock.

After Benjamin's death, his son Charles took over the business, introducing sophisticated machinery to cut the unusual leaves and building large “courts” on his farms in which to dry and cure the tea under the hot Cederberg sun. He was soon supplying tea seed to hundreds of farmers and promoting his Eleven O' Clock brand and its healthful properties (e.g. caffeine-free) across a variety of channels, including cinema advertising, which was still new to South Africa. Charles began distributing internationally and, although he sold the business in the 1970s, the brand is still widely distributed and the distinctive 1940's Eleven O' Clock packaging, depicting a mother and daughter serving tea, remains almost unchanged.

In the 1990s, spurred on by greater consumer awareness of different teas, brand diversity and mainstream distribution (particularly through supermarkets), international demand for Red Bush tea increased dramatically.

References

20th-century South African businesspeople
1886 births
1944 deaths
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the Cape Colony
People from Cederberg Local Municipality
Businesspeople in tea
Benedetto Ferrari

Benedetto Ferrari ( – 22 October 1681) was an Italian composer, particularly of opera, librettist, and theorbo player.

Biography 
Benedetto Ferrari was born in Reggio nell'Emilia. He worked in Rome (1617–1618), Parma (1619–1623), and possibly in Modena at some time between 1623 and 1637. He created music and libretti in Venice and Bologna, 1637–1644. Ferrari's Andromeda, with music by Francesco Manelli, was the first Venetian opera performed in a public theatre (in 1637). Subsequently, he provided both the text and the music for two operas, both presented in Venice: La maga fulminata (1638) and Il pastor regio (1640). The 1641 Bolognese staging of the latter included, as its final duet, the text "Pur ti miro, pur ti godo," which was later reused, possibly with Ferrari's music, for the final duet in the surviving manuscripts of Monteverdi's L'Incoronazione di Poppea.

Ferrari went to Vienna in 1651, serving the emperor Ferdinand III. Upon returning to Modena in 1653 he was appointed court choirmaster. His post was eliminated in 1662 but reinstated in 1674, after which he served until his death at Modena. Many sources recount his virtuosity as a theorbo player.

None of his operatic music survives. Extant works include libretti, an oratorio, and three books of monodies under the title Musiche varie a voce sola (Venice 1633, 1637, 1641). Though the last were composed within a relatively short time span, they reflect the changing style of accompanied monody, from the emergence of recitar cantando (midway between song and speech) to the vocal style that is typical of mid-17th century opera, with a more distinctive melody and a clearer rhythm.

References

Bibliography
 
 
 Fuller-Maitland, John Alexander and George Fox (1880). A Dictionary of Music and Musicians (A.D. 1450-1880). London: Macmillan.
 Lee, E. M. (1909). The Story of Opera. New York: Scribner's.
 Smith, C. S. (1948). Makers of Opera. New York: H. Bittner.

1600s births
1681 deaths
Italian male classical composers
Italian Baroque composers
Italian opera librettists
Theorbists
17th-century Italian composers
Italian male dramatists and playwrights
17th-century male musicians
The Civil Surface

The Civil Surface is the third and final studio album by the English progressive rock band  Egg, originally released in 1974 on Caroline Records. The band had broken up in 1972, leaving some of their favourite stage pieces unrecorded. At organist Dave Stewart's suggestion, the trio re-united solely to record these final numbers. Among the guest musicians on the album are Steve Hillage (guitar), Lindsay Cooper (oboe, bassoon) and vocalists Amanda Parsons, Ann Rosenthal and Barbara Gaskin.

Listeners have complained that the drums are mixed too loud on the album's organ trio pieces. In an article written for the UK fanzine Ptolemaic Terrascope in 1990 (quoted in Mark Powell's liner notes of the Esoteric Recordings CD re-release), Stewart explains that it was the unbending wish of drummer Clive Brooks that his drums be featured prominently in the mix, and that the other members were unable to persuade him otherwise.

Reception
In a 2007 review for website All About Jazz, John Kelman wrote, "The Civil Surface reflects widening interests, with Stewart's greater jazz-centricity and wryly melodic Canterbury flavor most notable on the longer tracks "Germ Patrol," "Enneagram" and "Wring Out the Ground (Loosely Now)" ... The complex writing—episodic tracks filled with complex meters, rich harmonies and tight arrangements, as well as some strong solos—bears an unmistakable link to Hatfield but, with Campbell's rigorous classicism an equal part of the equation, it still sounds like Egg."

Track listing

Personnel

 Dave Stewart – organ and piano, electric piano, bass (6)
 Mont Campbell – bass, vocals (5), French horn, piano
 Clive Brooks – drums

Guests

 Steve Hillage – guitar (5)
 Lindsay Cooper – bassoon, oboe (1,6)
 Tim Hodgkinson – clarinet (1,6)
 Jeremy Baines – flute (2)
 Amanda Parsons – vocals (4)
 Ann Rosenthal – vocals (4)
 Barbara Gaskin – vocals (4)

Wind Quartets

 Mont Campbell – French horn
 Maurice Cambridge – clarinet
 Stephen Solloway – flute
 Chris Palmer – bassoon

References

External links
Lyrics to The Civil Surface

Egg (band) albums
1974 albums
Caroline Records albums
Esoteric Recordings albums
Ozark Trail

Ozark Trail may refer to:
 Ozark Trail (hiking trail), a hiking and backpacking trail in Missouri
 Ozark Highlands Trail, a hiking and backpacking trail in Arkansas
 Ozark Trail (auto trail), an early network of locally maintained roads and highways
 Ozark Trail (brand name), a private-label brand name owned by Wal-Mart
Michael J. Fitzpatrick (politician)

Michael J. Fitzpatrick (born April 15, 1957) is the Assembly member for the 8th District of the New York State Assembly. He is a Republican. The district includes portions of Islip and Smithtown, including Kings Park, Nesconset, St. James, Village of the Branch, Head of the Harbor and Nissequogue in Suffolk County on Long Island.

Fitzpatrick was born in Jamaica, Queens and raised in Hauppauge, Long Island. He is a graduate of Hauppauge High School and received his B.A. in business administration from Saint Michael's College in Vermont.

He served on the Smithtown Town Council for 15 years, from 1988 to 2003. He was first elected to the New York State Assembly in November 2002. Fitzpatrick is also an investment associate with UBS in Port Jefferson, New York.

Fitzpatrick is married to the former Lorena Herrera of Chihuahua, Mexico; the couple has two children, Corina and Michael. They reside in St. James, New York.

In 2002, Fitzpatrick was elected to the New York Assembly to replace Thomas Barraga, who retired. He has been re-elected every two years since, never winning with under 60% of the vote.

References

External links
Michael J. Fitzpatrick - Assembly District 8 at New York State Assembly

Living people
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
Politicians from Queens, New York
People from St. James, New York
Saint Michael's College alumni
1957 births
People from Hauppauge, New York
21st-century American politicians
Alien Breed 3D

Alien Breed 3D is a first-person shooter, the fourth game in Team17's Alien Breed franchise, a series of science fiction-themed shooters. It was published in 1995 by Ocean Software. It was followed by a sequel, Alien Breed 3D II: The Killing Grounds, in 1996.

Plot
Osiris III's commanding officer, Captain J.T. Reynolds contacts Earth Defense Force General R.E. Grant reporting how the secret Project Osiris has slipped out of scientists' hands: attempts have been made to cultivate the alien eggs found in Azirin by cloning them and combining with human DNA, leading to remarkable results, but due to system failures, the Breed has been unleashed and killed people at the research station. In the message, Reynolds announces that he has found weapons and other supplies in a decommissioned observatory and plans to return to the base to find an escape route from the planet and possibly destroy the Breed's source in the meantime before his own oxygen supplies dwindle.

Gameplay
Alien Breed 3D is a first-person shooter. The game has maps of varying depths with platforms and floors above others, something the Doom engine was not capable of.

Development
Team17 released the source codes for Alien Breed 3D and its sequel, Alien Breed 3D II: The Killing Grounds, for personal use on the March 1997 cover CD of Amiga Format.

Reception

Alien Breed 3D was released to critical acclaim among the Amiga gaming press. Reviewers widely compared its gameplay to Doom, with some calling it the best Doom-clone for Amiga. The game was ranked the 12th best game of all time by Amiga Power.

Legacy 
Alien Breed 3D reappeared as one of the 25 games compiled for the A500 Mini console, released in 2022.

Project Osiris 
In 2021, a remake of Alien Breed 3D was made under the name Project Osiris, which uses the GZDoom engine; for example, with this engine, all maps and textures from the original game were converted with new visual effects.

References 

1995 video games
Alien Breed
Amiga games
Amiga 1200 games
Amiga-only games
Amiga CD32 games
Commercial video games with freely available source code
Cooperative video games
First-person shooters
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Multiplayer null modem games
Ocean Software games
Science fiction video games
Sprite-based first-person shooters
Video games scored by Bjørn Lynne
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Francesco Manelli

Francesco Manelli (Mannelli) ( 1595 – 1667) was a Roman Baroque composer, particularly of opera, and a theorbo player. He is most well known for his collaboration with fellow Roman composer Benedetto Ferrari in bringing commercial opera to Venice.  The first two works, in 1637 and 1638, to be put on commercially in the Teatro San Cassiano were both by Manelli - his L'Andromeda and La Maga Fulminata.

Francesco Manelli was for many years confused with the Franciscan friar Giovanni Battista Fasolo, because of the resemblances between Manelli's cantata Luciata, (published in Musiche varie, op. 4 Venice, 1636), and Fasolo's dialogue Il carro di Madama Lucia (Rome, 1628), and the shared text of the first piece in both collections. In a comparison of the two cantatas Fasolo's version is "languid and melancholy", while Manelli's version is "spirited and biting".

A mid-14th-century Florentine scholar of the same name, also called dei Pontigiano, was a close friend of Giovanni Boccaccio.

Works
Operas, music for all of which is lost.
L'Andromeda (libretto: Benedetto Ferrari) (1637)
La maga fulminata (Ferrari) (1638)
Delia ossia La sera sposa del sole (Giulio Strozzi) (1639)
Il pastor regio (Ferrari) 1640
L'Adone (Paolo Vendramin) (1640)
L'Alcate (Marc' Antonio Tirabosco) (1642)
Ercole nell'Erimanto (Bernardo Morando) (1651)
Le vicende del tempo (Morando) (1652)
Il ratto d'Europa (Paolo Emilio Fantuzzi / Elvezio Sandri) (1653)
La Filo, overo Giunone repacificata con Ercole (Francesco Berni) (1660)
La Licasta (Ferrari) (1664)

Cantatas
Musiche varie Op. 4 (1636)

Recordings
duet - Ti lascio empia, inconstante. Musiche varie, Op. 4 Suzie LeBlanc (Soprano), Derek Lee Ragin (Countertenor),  Love and Death in Venice, Teatro Lirico, dir. Stephen Stubbs Virgin Classics 1996

References

See also
Grove Music Online Article, Manelli (Mannelli), Francesco
The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Manelli (Mannelli), Francesco (? ‘Il Fasolo’)

1594 births
1667 deaths
People from Tivoli, Lazio
Italian male classical composers
Italian Baroque composers
17th-century Italian composers
17th-century male musicians
Volosko

Volosko (Italian: Volosco, Volosca) is a part of the city of Opatija, located in the Kvarner Gulf in western Croatia. It is located in the north of Opatija, on the road towards Kastav and Rijeka. The toponym Volosko drives from the name of the Slavic deity Veles.

History 

Until 1918, the town (named VOLOSCA) was part of Cisleithania, the Austrian side of Austria-Hungary after 1867, head of the district of the same name, one of the 11 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in the Austrian Littoral province.

People
 Amelia Milka Sablich, born there
 Andrija Mohorovičić, born there
 Gyula Andrássy, died there
 Emil Sax, died there

Monuments and sights

Art installations "Lautus" and "1857" 
A permanent underwater site-specific art installation under the name "Lautus" (lat. cleaner) by artist Nika Laginja from Opatija can be found in the Voloscan bay 15 meters below sea level. It consists of mosses, shellfish, sponges and other organisms that act as sea cleaners and grow over the years. In addition to contributing to the restoration of underwater biodiversity, this stone installation also conveys a message of individual engagement and taking responsibility for the world in which we live.

As a response to Nika Laginja's underwater project, Czech artist Jiří Kovanda created the minimalist site-specific art installation "1857" which found its permanent home at the very beginning of the Lungomare promenade. Inspired by local nature and its history, Kovanda places his work near the birthplace of Andrija Mohorovičić, highlighting the distribution of the Adriatic Fucus, an endangered marine species today, back in 1857 when this prominent scientist was born.

Film location 
Several scenes of "The Legacy Run"  have been shot in Volosko. The movie, in good part shot in the Opatja-Rijeka region, is the conceptual prequel of the international Tv Series "Sport Crime".

Windsurfing

Volosko is situated on the west side of Preluka Bay, which is known for good windsurfing and sailing conditions. Daily thermal winds, locally known as Tramuntana, blow regularly from the north each morning, peaking just after sunrise and ending a few hours later.

Under prolonged high pressure systems, weather conditions may become stable, creating persistent winds strong enough to ensure adequate windsurfing (planing conditions) for hours each morning, making the Volosko and Preluk areas one of the most consistent windsurfing spots on the Adriatic coast.

Launch spots are at the beach near the Preluk auto camp and within the Volosko harbor itself. Each season, the local windsurfing club, DSNM Volosko, organizes one or more windsurfing races, open to both professional and amateur windsurfers.

See also
 Austrian Littoral

References

External links

Populated places in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
List of The Law of Ueki episodes

The Law of Ueki is an anime television series directed by Hiroshi Watanabe, animated and produced by Studio Deen. The series is based on the manga series of the same name, by Tsubasa Fukuchi. A total of 51 episodes were broadcast by TV Tokyo. Geneon Entertainment picked up the series and broadcast the English dubbed version.

Episode list

References

Law of Ueki, The
Cotation Assistée en Continu

Cotation Assistée en Continu (CAC) was an electronic trading system used at the Paris Bourse, the French stock exchange, in the 1980s and 1990s. It was introduced in 1986 for trading less liquid equities, and in 1989 it was operational for all listed stocks. The acronym is also used to refer to the CAC 40, a stock index provided by the Paris Bourse. Curiously, the acronym also fits the name of the early Parisian stockbrokers' association, the "Compagnie des Agents de Change". The CAC system was a version of an earlier system developed by the Toronto Stock Exchange in the mid-1970s: CATS (Computer Assisted Trading System). In the early 1990s, the Paris Bourse developed an upgraded technology known as NSC (Nouveau Système de Cotation), which served as a technological platform for the Euronext initiative. The Paris Bourse became Euronext Paris in 2000.

CAC, like CATS, was an order-driven market platform that handled the process of order matching and price setting through a double auction algorithm. It allowed for a full automation of quotation in a centralised, order-driven exchange.

Stock exchanges in Europe
Former electronic trading platforms
1986 software
TIS (cable system)

TIS (Thailand-Indonesia-Singapore) is a submarine telecommunications cable system in the South China Sea linking Thailand, Singapore, and Indonesia

It has landing points in:
Songkhla, Songkhla Province, Thailand
Changi, Singapore
Batam, Riau Islands, Indonesia

It has an initial transmission capacity of 30 Gbit/s, upgradeable to 320 Gbit/s, and a total cable length of approximately 1,100 km.  It started operation in December 2003.

References

 
 
 

Submarine communications cables in the Pacific Ocean
Indonesia–Thailand relations
Singapore–Thailand relations
Indonesia–Singapore relations
2003 establishments in Indonesia
2003 establishments in Singapore
2003 establishments in Thailand
Borders of Mexico

Mexico shares international borders with three nations:

To the north the United States–Mexico border, which extends for a length of  through the states of Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas.
To the southeast, the Belize–Mexico border,  long, limiting the state of Quintana Roo, almost exclusively following the course of the Río Hondo.
Also to the southeast, the Guatemala–Mexico border, which measures  and touches the states of Campeche, Tabasco and Chiapas, and includes stretches of the Río Usumacinta, Río Salinas and Río Suchiate.

See also
 Garitas in Mexico

References

 
Geography of Mexico
Mexico
Capital guarantee

A capital guarantee product means that when an investor buys, or "enters", this specific structured product he is guaranteed to get back at maturity a part or the totality of the money he invested on day one. Examples of capital guarantees include bond plus option, usually bond plus call, and constant proportion portfolio insurance.

Derivatives (finance)
International Federation of Associations of Anatomists

The International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) is an umbrella scientific organization of national and multinational Anatomy Associations, dedicated to anatomy and biomorphological sciences.

Origins and objectives
In 1903, Prof. Nicolas, from Nancy, France, was successful in founding the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists.

The first International Congress of Anatomy was held in Geneva in 1905 and started as a committee to organize five yearly conferences.

56 member Associations of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. The IFAA is the only international body representing all aspects of anatomy and anatomical associations.

Since 1989 the Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT) under IFAA auspices, has met to analyze and study the international morphological terminology (Anatomy, Histology and Embryology), releasing updated Terminologia Anatomica in 1998 and Terminologia Histologica in 2008.

Years, cities and presidencies

 I Congress - 1905 - Geneva, Switzerland - Prof. D' Eternod
 II Congress - 1910 - Brussels, Belgium - Prof. Waldeyer
 III Congress - 1930 - Amsterdam, the Netherlands - Prof. Van den Broek
 IV Congress - 1936 - Milan, Italy - Prof. Livini
 V Congress - 1950 - Oxford, England, The UK - Prof. Le Gros Clark
 VI Congress - 1955 - Paris, France - Prof. Collin
 VII Congress - 1960 - New York, USA - Prof. Bennett
 VIII Congress - 1965 - Weisbaden, Germany - Prof. Bargmann
 IX Congress - 1970 - Leningrad, Russia - Prof. Jdanov
 X Congress - 1975 - Tokyo, Japan - Prof. Nakayama
 XI Congress - 1980 - Mexico City, Mexico - Prof. Acosta Vidrio
 XII Congress - 1985 - London, The UK - Prof. Harrison
 XIII Congress - 1989 - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Prof. Moscovici
 XIV Congress - 1994 - Lisbon, Portugal - Prof. Esperança Pina
 XV Congress - 1999 - Rome, Italy
 XVI Congress - 2004 - Kyoto, Japan
 XVII Congress - 2009 - Cape Town, South Africa
 XVIII Congress - 2014 - Beijing, PR China
 XIX Congress - 2019 - London, The UK - Prof. D. Ceri Davies

See also
 Nomina Anatomica
 Pan American Association of Anatomy
 Terminologia Anatomica

References

External links
  – International Federation of Associations of Anatomists
 History

Anatomists
International medical and health organizations
Organizations established in 1903
Telangana Jagarana Sena

Telangana Jagarana Sena is an outfit launched by the Telangana Rashtra Samithi, an Indian political party striving to establish a separate Telangana state within the boundaries of India, on 10 September 2005.

The goal behind the forming of the TJS was, according to TRS, to "counter anti-Telangana forces". TJS sainiks wears a white uniform and pink scarfs (pink is the colour of TRS). The sainiks are training in using lathis. TRS leader A. Narendra has however stated that TJS are willing to take up AK-47s in the struggle for Telangana statehood, a statement that provoked criminal charges against him.

TJS has been accused of being 'the militant wing of TRS'. TRS leaders have however claimed that TJS are committed to working within the limits of the Indian Constitution.

The Chief Commander of TJS(Telangana Jagarana Sena) is Koride Umakanth, a former Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh activist.

The TRS formally launched TJS(Telangana Jagarana Sena) on 10 September to counter anti-Telangana forces, by organising a full-fledged training camp for lathi-wielding cadres. 'Chief Commander' Koride Umakanth, a former RSS vibhag pramukh at Hyderabad, heads the Sena.

The first batch of 600 'preraks' (motivators) of TJS was given basic induction training at a drill. They would be imparted training in martial arts.

The volunteers, donning white shirts and trousers and pink scarves (khanduvas), carried full-length lathis on their shoulders. Chandrasekhar Rao and Union Minister of State for Rural Development A Narendra, led the inaugural parade at the three-day camp.

References 

Bharat Rashtra Samithi
2005 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Newlyweds (disambiguation)

Newlyweds are people who recently got married.

Newlyweds may also refer to:

 Newlyweds (film), a 2011 film written and directed by Edward Burns
 Newlyweds (TV series), an Australian sitcom from 1993 to 1994
 Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica, an American reality television series about Nick Lachey and Jessica Simpson
 Newlyweds: The First Year, an American reality documentary television series that premiered on Bravo in 2013
 The Newlywed Game, an American game show
Adivar (crater)

Adivar is an impact crater on Venus, named in honor of Turkish writer Halide Edib Adıvar. The crater is located just north of the western Aphrodite highland (9 degrees north latitude, 76 degrees east longitude). Surrounding the crater rim is ejected material which appears bright in the radar image due to the presence of rough fractured rock. A much broader area has also been affected by the impact, particularly to the west of the crater. Radar-bright materials, including a jet-like streak just west of the crater, extend for over  across the surrounding plains. A darker streak, in a horseshoe or paraboloidal shape, surrounds the bright area. Radar-dark (i.e., smooth) paraboloidal streaks were observed around craters in earlier Magellan images, but this is a rare bright crater streak. These unusual streaks, seen only on Venus, are believed to result from the interaction of crater materials (the meteoroid, ejecta, or both) and high-speed winds in the upper atmosphere. The precise mechanism that produces the streaks is poorly understood, but it is clear that the dense atmosphere of Venus plays an important role in the distribution of the ejected material.

References
 Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Catalog Page for PIA00083. Catalog Page for PIA00083 Retrieved 4 September 2009.

External links
 Magellan image

Impact craters on Venus
Phineas Lyman

Phineas Lyman (1716–1774) was a colonial American soldier known for his service in the provincial British Army of the French and Indian War. He later led a group of New England veterans of the war to settle in the new colony of West Florida where he died shortly before the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. He earned a reputation as the most experienced colonial American officer during the war.

Early life
Lyman was born at Durham, Connecticut.  He graduated at Yale in 1738, was a tutor there until 1741, studied law and began practice at Suffield (which was then within the boundaries of Massachusetts).  In 1749 he advocated the annexation of Suffield from Massachusetts. From 1749 to 1755 he was a member of the upper chamber of the Connecticut Legislature.

French and Indian War

In March, 1755 he was appointed a major general and was made commander in chief of the Connecticut militia force of 1000 men, which participated in the unsuccessful expedition against Crown Point. At the Battle of Lake George (8 September 1755), after Sir William Johnson suffered a slight wound, Lyman took command of the forces and repulsed the attack of the French and Indians.

He was for a time in 1757 in command of Fort Edward, and in 1758 commanded the Connecticut forces in the expedition of General Abercrombie which resulted in the disastrous repulse at Ticonderoga. The following year he was with Lord Amherst at the capture of Crown Point and Ticonderoga and in 1760 took part in the expeditions to Oswego and Montreal. In 1762 he commanded the colonial contingent of Lord Albemarle's army in the capture of Havana.

Later life
In 1763, he went to England where he remained until 1772, endeavoring to obtain a grant of land for himself and other New England veterans in the newly created colony of West Florida. A tract near Natchez (now Mississippi) was granted by royal charter in 1772. Lyman led a band of settlers to the region in 1773. He died the following year and was buried near to the Big Black River in West Florida. When the American War broke out in 1775, West Florida was one of the colonies which remained loyal to the crown. In the post-war Peace of Paris it was transferred to Spanish control.

1716 births
1774 deaths
People from Durham, Connecticut
People of Connecticut in the French and Indian War
Colonial American generals
People of colonial Connecticut
Connecticut state senators
Yale College alumni
People of pre-statehood Florida
Military personnel from Connecticut
18th-century American politicians
Racing Demon (play)

Racing Demon is a 1990 play by English playwright David Hare. Part of a trio of plays about British institutions, it focuses on the Church of England, and tackles issues such as gay ordination, and the role of evangelism in inner-city communities. The play debuted at the National Theatre.

Awards and nominations 
 Awards
 1990 Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play
 Nominations
 1996 Tony Award for Best Play

References

External links
 
 

1990 plays
Laurence Olivier Award-winning plays
Plays by David Hare
West End plays