alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Marin de la Malgue

Joseph Marin de la Malgue (February 1719 – 1774) was  the son of Charles-Paul Marin de la Malgue and continued on in the family military and exploration tradition, entering the colonial regular troops at the age of 13.  He spent the next 13 years in the Michigan and Wisconsin areas including the Michilimackinac area,  west of Baie-des-Puants.  He was mostly based out of the Baie-des-Puants post, learned the fur trade and became fluent in a number of Indian dialects.

In 1745, after being engaged in the Siege of Annapolis Royal (1745), Marin was recalled to fight the British at the Siege of Louisbourg (1745). En route he was delayed by the Naval battle off Tatamagouche. During that period, he married the daughter of Joseph de Fleury de La Gorgendière.  His remaining military career was illustrious ending only with his capture near Fort Niagara and deportation to France by way of England . He attempted to return to the fight aboard the François-Louis in 1762, but the ship was captured by the British and, again, he was returned to France.

After a number of unhappy years in France, Marin was appointed lieutenant-colonel  as part of a force headed to Madagascar to start a French colony.  He died of fever shortly after his arrival on the island in 1774.

He had been an integral part of the military forces during his North American career and also a very successful trader and explorer.  He was awarded the Cross of Saint Louis in 1761 as a recognition of the military efforts.

External links 
 Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

Acadian people
1719 births
1774 deaths
Frida Leider

Frida Leider (18 April 1888 – 4 June 1975) was a German operatic soprano.

Leider was a dramatic soprano. Her most famous roles were Wagner's Isolde and Brünnhilde, Beethoven's Fidelio, Mozart's Donna Anna, and Verdi's Aida and Leonora. She made over 80 recordings, mainly for Polydor and HMV.

Life
Leider was born in Berlin, where she studied singing while working in a bank. Her first engagements led her to opera houses in Halle, Königsberg, and Rostock. After an engagement with the Hamburg State Opera in 1923, she was hired by the Berlin State Opera as first dramatic soprano. After her retirement from the stage in 1946, she remained there as the director and manager of a studio for the rising singers of the Berlin State Opera.

Leider made regular guest appearances for over 15 years at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London, at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, at La Scala in Milan, and at the State Operas of Vienna and Munich.  She also made appearances at the Bayreuth Festival in  the 1930s. In the 1920s, she alternated Wagnerian roles with Florence Austral at Covent Garden and the two recorded large parts of The Ring for HMV.

Leider married the first concert master of the Berlin State Opera, Rudolf Deman. The couple had no children. She died in her home city of Berlin.

Today the singer's estate is managed by the Frida-Leider-Gesellschaft, which is located in Berlin.

Autobiography
Leider's autobiography, Playing My Part, was translated into English by Charles Osborne, and published in London by Calder and Boyars in 1966.

References
The information in this article is based on a translation of its German equivalent.

Further reading
 Liese, Kirsten, Wagnerian Heroines: a century of great Isoldes and Brünnhildes, English translation: Charles Scribner, Edition Karo, Berlin, 2013.

External links

Biographical notes
Frida-Leider-Gesellschaft

1888 births
1975 deaths
German operatic sopranos
Singers from Berlin
Musicians from the Province of Brandenburg
Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
20th-century German  women opera singers
Folkestone Priory

Folkestone Priory was a pre-Reformation Benedictine monastery at Folkestone in the English county of Kent. The priory church survives as the present parish church. It was the successor to Folkestone Abbey, an Anglo-Saxon nunnery on a different site.

First foundation
It was probably the first nunnery built in England, having been traditionally founded in 630 by Saint Eanswith, the daughter of King Eadbald of Kent, who was the son of Saint Æthelberht, the first Christian king among the English. The abbey was dedicated to Saint Peter. Like many other similar foundations, it was destroyed by the Danes and the ruins subsequently fell into the sea.

Second foundation
In 1095, another monastery for Benedictine monks was erected on a different site by Nigel de Mundeville, Lord of Folkestone. This was an alien priory, a cell belonging to the Abbey of Lonley or Lolley in Normandy, dedicated to St Mary and St Eanswith, whose relics were deposited in the church. As with its predecessor, the cliff on which the monastery was built was gradually undermined by the sea, and William de Abrincis, in 1137, gave the monks a new site, that of the present parish church of Folkestone. 

The conventual buildings were erected between the church and the sea coast. Being an alien priory it was occasionally seized by the king, when England was at war with France, but after a time it was made denizen and independent of the mother-house in Normandy and thus escaped the fate which befell most of the alien priories in the reign of Henry V. It continued to the time of the dissolution and was surrendered to the king on 15 November 1535. The names of twelve priors are known, the last being Thomas Barrett or Bassett. The net income at the dissolution was about £50. It was bestowed by Henry VIII on Edmund, Lord Clinton and Saye.

Remains

The Chancel of the current church is partially that of the 1138 church.

References 

7th-century establishments in England
630s establishments
Benedictine nunneries in England
Christian monasteries established in the 7th century
Anglo-Saxon monastic houses
Monasteries in Kent
Folkestone
1535 disestablishments in England
Burial sites of the House of Kent
Monasteries dissolved under the English Reformation
7th-century church buildings in England
Wahieloa

In Hawaiian mythology, Wahieloa is a hero associated with the Kaha'i and Laka epics.

Variations of his name in other Polynesian languages include Wahieroa (Māori), Vahieroa (Tahiti, Tuamotus), Va'ieroa (Cook Islands), Fafieloa (Samoa), and Vahie'oa (Marquesa).

See also
Wahieroa - Māori
Vahieroa (Tahitian mythology)
Vahieroa (Tuamotu mythology)
Vahi-vero - Tuamotu

References
R.D. Craig, Dictionary of Polynesian Mythology (Greenwood Press: New York, 1989), 320–2.

Hawaiian mythology
Heroes in mythology and legend
George Bristow (ornithologist)

George Bristow (1863 – 14 April 1947) was an English taxidermist and gunsmith  of St Leonards-on-Sea in the borough of Hastings, East Sussex, in the southeast of England.

He is chiefly remembered as the perpetrator of the long-running "Hastings Rarities" hoax, in which he succeeded in adding 29 species or subspecies of birds to the British List, and defrauded his clients of some £7000 for specimens on the basis that they were British.

Life

Bristow served an apprenticeship in taxidermy before working in the family business, established in 1845, at an unpretentious shop at 15 Silchester Road, St Leonards-on-Sea.  From the 1890s until the 1930s much of his business involved the procurement of wild birds by himself and others to be made into display specimens or study skins for sale to ornithologists and collectors.

The Hastings Rarities fraud

Among the specimens sold by Bristow were surprising numbers of birds which, though purported to have been shot locally, were considered either rare vagrants to the area or were new to the British List.  Although some ornithologists held doubts about the provenance of such specimens, it was not until 1962, well after Bristow's death, that an article by the statistician John Nelder in British Birds, looking at the statistics of ornithological records from the Hastings area, publicly cast doubt on many records, with the implication of extensive serial fraud.  The resulting scandal was known as the Hastings Rarities affair, with Bristow the central figure as the presumed perpetrator of the fraud. Nelder estimated that specimens to the value of £7000 had been sold between 1892 and 1930.

References

Sources

 Harrison, James M. (1968). Bristow and the Hastings Rarities Affair. A.H. Butler: St Leonards-on-Sea, U.K.
 Nelder, J.A. (1962). A statistical examination of the Hastings Rarities. British Birds, August 1962.

External links
 Hastings Museum

English ornithologists
1863 births
1947 deaths
English fraudsters
Taxidermists
Gunsmiths
People from Hastings
Harry A. Fisher

Harold A. Fisher (February 6, 1882December 29, 1967) was an American college basketball coach from New York City, New York.

In 1905, while a student and player at Columbia University, Fisher began coaching the basketball team of Fordham University, leading the team to a 4–2 record while capturing All-American honors as a player and leading Columbia to its second straight national championship.

In 1906, Fisher assumed the head coaching duties at Columbia, where he would remain for ten years, during which times his teams amassed a record of 101–39 and won three Eastern Intercollegiate Basketball League titles; in 1909 and 1910, Fisher simultaneously coached Columbia and St. John's University, helping the latter to a 15–5 record during his tenure.

In recognition of his work at Columbia, Fisher was commissioned by General Douglas MacArthur to coach the basketball team at United States Military Academy after World War I. He assumed the job in 1921 and coached three seasons at the school, leaving with a record of 46–5. His 1922–23 team finished the season with a 17–0 record and was retroactively named the national champion by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll.

For his work in developing the game of basketball, first as a member of a four-person committee that wrote the first rules for collegiate basketball and the editor of the resulting "Collegiate Rules Committee and Collegiate Guide" (1905–1915), and later as athletic director at Columbia (1911–1917), Fisher was inducted as a contributor into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1974.

References

External links
 Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame profile
 College Basketball Hall of Fame profile

1882 births
1967 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
American military personnel of World War I
Army Black Knights men's basketball coaches
Basketball coaches from New York (state)
Basketball players from New York City
Columbia Lions athletic directors
Columbia Lions baseball coaches
Columbia Lions baseball players
Columbia Lions football coaches
Columbia Lions men's basketball coaches
Columbia Lions men's basketball players
Fordham Rams men's basketball coaches
Guards (basketball)
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
St. John's Red Storm men's basketball coaches
Lake Iroquois (Vermont)

Lake Iroquois is a  reservoir in northwestern Vermont, bordered by three towns: Hinesburg, Williston, and Richmond.
   
Lake Iroquois (formerly known as Hinesburg pond) was created in 1867 to supply mills in Hinesburg with a better water supply. Building a dam on Pond Brook caused the existing spring-fed pond to rise above its banks and become the current lake. The towns share a beach on the lake, plus there is a public boat access.

External links 
Lake Iroquois Association 
Town of Williston: Lake Iroquois Home Page
Picture of Lake Iroquois
Lake Depth Chart

Hinesburg, Vermont
Richmond, Vermont
Williston, Vermont
Iroquois
Protected areas of Chittenden County, Vermont
Iroquois
Jape (software)

Jape is a configurable, graphical proof assistant, originally developed by Richard Bornat at Queen Mary, University of London and Bernard Sufrin the University of Oxford.   It allows user to define a logic, decide how to view proofs, and much more. It works with variants of the sequent calculus and natural deduction.

It is claimed that Jape is the most popular program for "computer-assisted logic teaching" that involves exercises in developing proofs in mathematical logic.

The program is available for the Mac, Unix, and Windows operating systems. It is written in the Java programming language and released under the GNU GPL.

See also
 List of proof assistants

References

External links
 Jape Online official distribution website
 Jape SourceForge portal
 Jape on Github

Proof assistants
Free theorem provers
Larry Fleisher

Lawrence Fleisher (September 26, 1930 — May 4, 1989) was an American attorney and sports agent.

Born in The Bronx, New York, Fleisher, a 1953 graduate of Harvard Law School, at the request of professional basketball player Tom Heinsohn, helped found the National Basketball Association Players’ Association, of which he would serve as president from 1962 to 1968, during which time pensions, minimum salaries, and disability pay were secured for the membership.

For 19 additional years, Fleisher would continue to serve, without salary, as general counsel for the Players’ Association, arguing before U.S. Congress and the National Labor Relations Board to gain players the right of free agency, which right was eventually won in 1976.

Having guided players to the American Basketball Association in the late 1960s, Fleisher later helped broker the merger between the ABA and NBA and worked to set up relationships between the NBA and professional leagues in Europe and South America; he would represent little-known foreign players as well as established American stars, including Bill Bradley, John Havlicek, Bob Lanier, Willis Reed, and Jerry West, and, in an effort to promote basketball globally, would lead his clients on playing tours to Europe, South America, and Asia.

Prior to his 1987 retirement, Fleisher helped broker a labor agreement that installed a salary cap on NBA franchises and provided for penalties for players caught using hard drugs.

He died from a heart attack after playing squash at the New York Athletic Club.

In recognition of his achievements in the game of basketball, Fleisher was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame as a contributor in 1991.

Sources
The New York Times

External links
Basketball Hall of Fame profile

1930 births
1989 deaths
Harvard Law School alumni
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
Lawyers from the Bronx
Sports labor leaders
20th-century American lawyers
Davinia Taylor

Davinia Taylor (born Davinia Murphy; 11 November 1977) is an English actress, socialite and interior designer, best known for playing Jude Cunningham in the soap opera Hollyoaks.

Career
Taylor starred in Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, playing party girl Jude Cunningham from 1996 to 1998.

The original Hollyoaks part led to roles in the television movies Bostock's Cup, Is Harry on the Boat?, the comedic film, Soul Patrol, as well as a spot on an episode of Urban Gothic, presenting work on The Big Breakfast and Top of the Pops @ Play and an appearance in the documentary series Young, Hot and Talented for Channel 5.

Taylor opened her own hair and beauty salon 'Taylor Made' in London in March 2011.

In 2016 Taylor returned to Hollyoaks after an 18-year absence.

Personal life
Taylor's father, Alan Murphy, a multi-millionaire, ran the AM Paper toilet roll factory in Skelmersdale.

Taylor has frequently been featured in the British tabloid press, as part of the Primrose Hill set with Sadie Frost (actress and ex-wife of Jude Law), and supermodel Kate Moss.

References

External links 
 

English television actresses
English soap opera actresses
People from Wigan
People educated at Bolton School
People educated at Rossall School
1977 births
Living people
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
Peter Stapleton

Peter James Stapleton (25 April 1954 – 22 March 2020) was a musician from New Zealand who was best known as the drummer and co-founder of the alternative rock band The Terminals. Stapleton was also a member of the groups Vacuum, The Pin Group,  Dadamah, Flies Inside The Sun, Eye, and Scorched Earth Policy.

Career
Stapleton was principally a drummer, although he also contributed shortwave radio and sample manipulations to various recordings.

In 1976 Stapleton joined Vacuum, who went largely unrecorded. The band consisted of Stapleton, Bill Direen, Steve Cogle, Peter Fryer and, later replacing Fryer, Alan Meek. When Vacuum split, Bill Direen went on to form The Bilders, while Stapleton, Cogle, Tony O'Grady and Meek, along with singer/songwriter Mary Heney transformed into The Victor Dimisich Band, which released its first self-titled EP on the Flying Nun label in 1982. The Victor Dimisich Band disbanded, and posthumously released a cassette, Mekong Delta Blues, on the Xpressway label in 1988. Stapleton and Cogle went on to form The Terminals in 1986.

Stapleton also formed The Pin Group with Roy Montgomery and Ross Humphries. Their 1981 "Ambivalence" 7-inch was the first release on the Flying Nun label. Another 7-inch, "Coat" was issued later that year, followed by The Pin Group Go To Town EP in 1982. The Pin Group then disbanded, yet reunited in 1992 for the "Eleven Years After" 7-inch. A compilation of these recordings was released in 1997 on the Siltbreeze label, and later in expanded form on Flying Nun.

Stapleton formed the garage rock band Scorched Earth Policy, who released two EPs; Dust to Dust (1984) and Going Through a Hole in the Back of Your Head (1985). These recordings were later compiled and reissued on the Medication label as Keep Away From The Wires, and on the Siltbreeze label as Going Thru' A Hole in the Back of Your Head.

During the 1990s, Stapleton moved into more experimental noise music, forming bands such as Dadamah, Flies Inside The Sun, and Sleep. In 1996 he founded the Metonymic and Medication record labels. From 2003 until his death, he played in Dunedin improvised psychedelic noise rock trio Eye.

Stapleton died in Dunedin on 22 March 2020.

References

External links
Biography at New Zealand Electronic Poetry Centre
An interview with Peter Stapleton
An interview with The Terminals
Interview with Peter Stapleton (parts 1 – 3)
Interview with Peter Stapleton (parts 4 & 5)
Interview with Peter Stapleton (parts 6 – 8)
Interview with Peter Stapleton (parts 9 and 10)

1954 births
2020 deaths
New Zealand drummers
Musicians from Dunedin
Parkington

Parkington may refer to:

Ballston Common Mall, Arlington, Virginia, originally named Parkington Shopping Center, one of the first shopping centers in the Washington, D.C., area
Hiram W. Johnson House, Washington, D.C., also known as Parkington, on the National Register of Historic Places
Suzie and Augustus Parkington, main characters of the 1944 film Mrs. Parkington, played by Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon respectively
Samantha Parkington, a doll in the American Girl line
Mark 12 nuclear bomb

The Mark-12 nuclear bomb was a lightweight nuclear bomb designed and manufactured by the United States which was built starting in 1954 and which saw service from then until 1962.

The Mark-12 was notable for being significantly smaller in both size and weight compared to prior implosion-type nuclear weapons. For example, the overall diameter was only , compared to the immediately prior Mark-7 which had a  diameter, and the volume of the implosion assembly was only 40% the size of the Mark-7's.

There was a planned W-12 warhead variant which would have been used with the RIM-8 Talos missile, but it was cancelled prior to introduction into service.

Specifications

The complete Mark-12 bomb was  in diameter,  long, and weighed . It had a yield of .

Features
The Mark-12 has been speculated to have been the first deployed nuclear weapon to have used beryllium as a reflector-tamper inside the implosion assembly (see nuclear weapon design). It is believed to have used a spherical implosion assembly, levitated pit, and 92-point detonation.

In popular culture
Though the weapon went out of service in 1962, it resurfaced in a fictional role in Tom Clancy's 1991 book The Sum of All Fears and the 2002 film, where the plot included an Israeli copy of the Mark-12 being lost by accident in 1973 during the Yom Kippur War in southern Syria near the Golan Heights, and then recovered by a terrorist organization.

See also
 Nuclear weapon design
 Mark 7 nuclear bomb
 The Sum of All Fears
 The Sum of All Fears (film)

References

External links
 allbombs.html list at nuclearweaponarchive.org
 Historical nuclear bombs list at globalsecurity.org

Cold War aerial bombs of the United States
Nuclear bombs of the United States
Military equipment introduced in the 1950s
Bartok (compiler)

Bartok is an optimizing compiler and managed runtime system for Common Intermediate Language (which .NET languages compile to), being developed by Microsoft Research.

Overview
Bartok aims to be efficient enough to be usable for writing operating systems. It provides services such as automatic memory management and garbage collection, threading, and marshalling data to and from native code, as well as verification of CIL code. Bartok is written in C#, including the garbage collector. Bartok is being used by Microsoft Research for the implementation of Singularity, a highly-dependable operating system written almost entirely in managed code.

Bartok allows various implementations of the garbage collector, base class library and other components to be chosen at runtime on a per-application basis. This feature is being used to write the different components of Singularity – kernel, device drivers, and applications – each using a separate class library that exposes functionality required by (and optimized for) the specific usage.

See also
 Roslyn (compiler)
 List of compilers

References

Further reading

External links
Microsoft Research

Compilers
Microsoft initiatives
Microsoft Research
Confederación Unitaria de Trabajadores (Costa Rica)

The Confederación Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT) is a Costa Rican trade union national trade union centre formed in 1980 as a result of the merger of the Federación Nacional de Trabajadores Públicos and the Confederación General de Trabajadores.  The CUT had 54 affiliated unions in 2004.  It is affiliated with the World Federation of Trade Unions.

See also

 Trade unions in Costa Rica

References

Trade unions in Costa Rica
World Federation of Trade Unions
Trade unions established in 1980
Australia at the 1934 British Empire Games

Australia at the 1934 British Empire Games was abbreviated AUS. This was their second of 2 Commonwealth Games meets.

Medallists

1934 Australian Team & Results

Athletics
100 yards
 Howard Spencer Yates – 6th (heat 10.1, semi 10.1)
 Jack C Horsfall – 3rd (heat)
 Noel Dempsey – 4th (heat)

220 yards
 Jack C Horsfall -3rd (heat 6)
 Noel Dempsey – 4th, 22.9 (semi)
 Howard Spencer Yates – 5th, 22.4 (semi)

440 yards
 H Wilton Lander – 3rd (heat)

880 yards
H Wilton Lander – 4th (heat)

440 yards Hurdles
 Charles P Reilly – Silver, 55.5 sec

Hop, Step, Jump
 John Patrick 'Jack' Metcalfe – Gold, 51 ft 31/2 in (GR)

Broad Jump
 John Patrick 'Jack' Metcalfe – Silver, 22 ft 9 in

High Jump
 John Patrick 'Jack' Metcalfe – 4th, 6 ft 2 in

Pole Vault
 Frederick Irvine Woodhouse – Bronze, 12 ft 3 in

4x110 yards Relay
 Noel Dempsey – 4x100 yards Relay – 4th
 Jack C Horsfall – 4x110 yards Relay – 4th
 H Wilton Lander – 4x110 yards Relay – 4th
 Howard Spencer Yates – 4x110 yards Relay – 4th

Bowls
 E W Walker – singles – 6th
 T M Rainer – pairs – 9th
 J Banks – pairs – 9th
 C Gale – fours/rinks – 9th
 H Langley – fours/rinks – 9th
 William White – fours/rinks – 9th
 Sir Henry Barwell – fours/rinks – 9th

Boxing
Lightweight (up to 60 kg)
 Leonard Arthur Cook – Gold

Cycling
Time Trial
 Edgar Laurence 'Dunc' Gray – Gold, 1:16.4 (GR)

10 miles
 Edgar Laurence 'Dunc' Gray – Did not finish
 Horrace James Pethybridge – Did not finish

1,000 yards Sprint
 Horrace James Pethybridge – Silver

Swimming
100 yd Freestyle
 Reginald Vaughan Clark

100 yd Backstroke
 Reginald Vaughan Clark

3x110 yd Medley Relay
 Reginald Vaughan Clark – 4th, 3:16.8
 Alan Edward Higginson – 4th, 3:16.8
 Noel Phillip Ryan – 4th, 3:16.8

200 yd Breaststroke, Men
 Alan Edward Higginson – 4th, 2:44.8

200 yd Breaststroke, Women
 Clare Dennis – Gold, 2:50.2 (GR)

440 yd Freestyle
 Noel Phillip Ryan – Gold, 5:03.0 (GR)

1,500 yd Freestyle
 Noel Phillip Ryan – Gold, 18:25.4 (GR)

Diving
Springboard
 Lesley Julia Thompson – Silver, 60.49 points

Platform
 Lesley Julia Thompson – Silver, 27.64 points

Wrestling
Lightweight (up to 68 kg)
 Richard Edward 'Dick' Garrard – Gold

Heavyweight (up to 100 kg)
 John Lambert 'Jack' Knight – Gold

Officials
Honorary Manager Herbert Krause Maxwell (NSW)
Hon Chaperone – Millicent Isabel Watson (VIC)

See also
 Australia at the 1932 Summer Olympics
 Australia at the 1936 Summer Olympics

References

External links
Commonwealth Games Australia Results Database

1934
Nations at the 1934 British Empire Games
British Empire Games
List of Westland Lysander operators

The following are units which operated the Westland Lysander. In some cases, the Lysander was used in a secondary role for communications and was not the main equipment of the squadron.

Military operators

Australia
Royal Australian Air Force
No. 3 Squadron RAAF
No. 451 Squadron RAAF

British India
Royal Indian Air Force
No. 1 Squadron, Indian Air Force
No. 2 Squadron, Indian Air Force
No. 4 Squadron, Indian Air Force
No. 104 (GR) Squadron, Indian Air Force 
No. 1 Air Gunnery School (India)
No. 22 AACU

Burma
Burma Volunteer Air Force

Canada
Royal Canadian Air Force
No. 2 Squadron RCAF
No. 110 Squadron RCAF
No. 111 Squadron RCAF
No. 112 Squadron RCAF
No. 118 Squadron RCAF
No. 121 Squadron RCAF
No. 122 Squadron RCAF
No. 123 Squadron RCAF
No. 400 Squadron RCAF
No. 414 Squadron RCAF

Egypt
Royal Egyptian Air Force
 No. 1 (Army Cooperation) Squadron - 19 Mark I and a Mark III. From 1940-1943, thereafter used for target towing.

Finland
Finnish Air Force
No. 12 Squadron, Finnish Air Force
No. 14 Squadron, Finnish Air Force
No. 16 Squadron, Finnish Air Force

Free France
Free French Air Force

Ireland
Irish Air Corps
6 supplied in 1939

Poland
Polish Air Force in Great Britain
No. 309 "Land of Czerwien" Polish Fighter-Reconnaissance Squadron

Portugal
Portugal Air Force

South Africa
South African Air Force

Turkey
Turkish Air Force 
36 Mark II supplied in 1939

United Kingdom
Royal Air Force
No. 2 Squadron RAF
No. 4 Squadron RAF
No. 6 Squadron RAF
No. 13 Squadron RAF
No. 16 Squadron RAF
No. 20 Squadron RAF
No. 24 Squadron RAF
No. 26 Squadron RAF
No. 28 Squadron RAF
No. 81 Squadron RAF
No. 116 Squadron RAF
No. 135 Squadron RAF
No. 138 Squadron RAF
No. 148 Squadron RAF
No. 161 Squadron RAF
No. 173 Squadron RAF
No. 208 Squadron RAF
No. 225 Squadron RAF
No. 231 Squadron RAF
No. 237 Squadron RAF
No. 239 Squadron RAF
No. 241 Squadron RAF
No. 267 Squadron RAF
No. 268 Squadron RAF
No. 275 Squadron RAF
No. 276 Squadron RAF
No. 277 Squadron RAF
No. 278 Squadron RAF
No. 280 Squadron RAF
No. 285 Squadron RAF
No. 286 Squadron RAF
No. 287 Squadron RAF
No. 288 Squadron RAF
No. 289 Squadron RAF
No. 309 Polish Fighter-Reconnaissance Squadron
No. 357 Squadron RAF - Special Duties
No. 510 Squadron RAF
No. 516 Squadron RAF
No. 598 Squadron RAF
No. 613 Squadron RAF - Auxiliary Air Force equipped with Lysanders as main equipment.
No. 614 Squadron RAF - Auxiliary Air Force equipped with Lysanders as main equipment.
No. 679 Squadron RAF
No. 695 Squadron RAF
No. 6 Anti-Aircraft Co-operation Unit RAF
No. 7 Anti-Aircraft Co-operation Unit RAF

Fleet Air Arm

United States
United States Army Air Forces
 330th Bomb Squadron
 340th Bomb Squadron
 2025th Gunnery Flight
 2031st Gunnery Flight
 496th Fighter Training Group

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Hall, Alan W. Westland Lysander, Warpaint Series No.48. Luton, Bedfordshire, UK: Warpaint Books Ltd., 2005.
 Halley, James J. The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1918 -1988. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988. .

Lists of military units and formations by aircraft
Lysander
Royal Air Force lists
Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Junior AA Hockey League

The Ligue de Hockey Junior AA Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean or Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Junior "AA" Hockey League is a Junior "AA" (Junior "B" Canada-Wide) ice hockey league in the Province of Quebec, Canada.  The league is sanctioned by Hockey Quebec and Hockey Canada.

The champion of the league competes annually for the Coupe Dodge, the Provincial Championship of Quebec.

Teams

Champions
2006 Jonquìère Marquis
2007 Normandin Éperviers
2008 Métabetchouan Royals
2009 La Baie National
2010 Jonquìère Marquis
2011 Jonquìère Marquis
2012 Jonquìère Marquis
2013 Normandin Éperviers
2014 Jonquìère Marquis
2015 Jonquìère Marquis
2016 Alma Aiglons
2017 Jonquière Marquis
2018 Jonquière Marquis

External links
Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean Junior "AA" Website
Complete Junior "AA" Standing
Aiglons d'Alma Webpage

B
B
Organizations based in Quebec
Alma, Quebec
Hockey Quebec
John Neumann (disambiguation)

John Neumann (1811–1860) was a Bohemian-American bishop.

John Neumann may also refer to:
St. John Neumann, Bryn Mawr, a Roman Catholic parish in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia
John von Neumann (1903–1957), Hungarian-American mathematician
Johnny Neumann (1950–2019), American basketball player and coach
John Robert Neumann Jr. (1972–2017), perpetrator of the Orlando factory shooting in 2017

See also
John Naumann (1893–1964), English cricketer
Saint John Neumann (disambiguation)
John Newman (disambiguation)
Kaluza

Kaluza may refer to:
 Dariusz Kałuża (born 1967), Polish clergyman
 Józef Kałuża (1896–1944), Polish footballer
 Max Kaluza (1856–1921), German scholar
 Otylia Tabacka-Kałuża (1907–1981), Polish middle-distance runner
 Renata Kałuża (born 1981), Polish para-cyclist
 Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954), German mathematician and physicist

See also
 

Polish-language surnames
Confederación de Trabajadores de Costa Rica

The Confederación de Trabajadores de Costa Rica (CTCR) is a trade union centre in Costa Rica.

It is affiliated with the World Federation of Trade Unions.

References

Trade unions in Costa Rica
World Federation of Trade Unions
Antonio Santosuosso

Antonio Santosuosso (1936-12 July 2014) was a Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario.

Assessment of the Battle of Tours
In Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels, Santosuosso, considered an expert historian of the Carolingian era, makes a case that the defeats of invading Muslim armies by Charles Martel, including the famous defeat at Tours, were important as in their defense of Western Christianity and the preservation of those Christian monasteries and centres of learning which ultimately led Europe out of the Dark Ages. He also makes a case that while Tours was considered by western historians such as Creasy to be of macrohistorical importance, the later battles were more so. The later invading forces defeated in those campaigns had come to set up permanent outposts for expansion, and there can be no doubt that these three defeats combined broke the back of Islamic expansion in Europe while the Caliphate was still united.  Further, Santosuosso dates the ties between the Papacy and the Carolingians to this period, and credits Charles Martel with beginning a much greater martial vigor in Christianity.  Dr. Santosuosso in Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels page 212 says "The stemming of the Muslim advance at Poitiers in 732 and the Frankish kings' decision to become the champions of Papal claims against the Longobards in Italy strengthened the Christian acceptance of the idea of war."

Sources

Soldiers, Citizens, and the Symbols of War: From Classical Greece to Republican Rome, 500-167 B.C. (1997), 
Storming the Heavens: Soldiers, Emperors, and Civilians in the Roman Empire (2001), 
Barbarians, Marauders, and Infidels: The Ways of Medieval Warfare (2004), 

1936 births
20th-century Canadian historians
Canadian male non-fiction writers
Canadian medievalists
Academic staff of the University of Western Ontario
2014 deaths
21st-century Canadian historians
Vrpolje

Vrpolje () is a village and a municipality in Brod-Posavina County, Croatia. It is located 10 km south of Đakovo; elevation 90 m. The population of the municipality is 3,521.

See also
Strizivojna–Vrpolje railway station

References

Populated places in Brod-Posavina County
Slavonia
Municipalities of Croatia
Australia at the 1950 British Empire Games

Australia competed at the 1950 British Empire Games held in Auckland, New Zealand between 4 and 11 February 1950, after a 12-year gap from the third edition of the games. 
Australia won medals in eleven out of the eleven sports that it entered.

Medallists
The following Australian competitors won medals at the games.

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Team management
Honorary General Manager – Harold Wilkes 
Section Officials: Athletics Manager – Leonad Curnow, Athletics Manageress – Lillian Neville ; Boxing & Wrestling Manager – Ralph Jackson ; Cycling Manager – John Meagher ; Lawn Bowls Manager – Albert Newton ; Rowing Manager – Edward Kenny ; Rowing Coxed Four Coach – John Eddie, Rowing Eights Coach – William Godfrey Thomas ; Swimming Manager – Roy Thompson, Swimming Assistant Manager – Joseph Emerson ; Swimming Manageress – Margot Long, Swimming Coaches – Forbes Carlile, William Holland ; Diving Coaches – Allan Mott, Leonard Warner ; Water Polo Manager – Bill Berge Phillips ; Weightlifting Manager

See also
 Australia at the 1948 Summer Olympics
 Australia at the 1952 Summer Olympics

References

External links 
Commonwealth Games Australia Results Database

1950
Nations at the 1950 British Empire Games
British Empire Games
Japanese drama

Japanese drama may refer to:

Noh, a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century
Japanese television drama, referred to in Japanese as 
Radio drama in Japan, often related to anime and manga series
Double Bluff Beach

Double Bluff Beach is a beach and headland on Whidbey Island in the U.S. state of Washington. The beach tidelands themselves comprise Double Bluff State Park.  The uplands and access areas are operated by Island County, Washington as Double Bluff County Park and Beach Access.

Geography

Double Bluff is an approximately two-mile-long public beach located on southern Whidbey Island along the shores of Admiralty Inlet, north of Puget Sound. The beach access parking lot is roughly two miles from the retail core of Freeland. From the northern portions of the beach, the Olympic Mountains can be seen to the West. The southern portions face to the South, where in the distance one can see the highrises of Seattle roughly 30 miles away, dwarfed over by Mount Rainier which is roughly 100 miles away.

The Southern end of the shore faces South, toward Useless Bay and, further to the South, towards Puget Sound and Seattle. Fed by sand from the bluffs at its East and West ends, Useless Bay has a sandy, shallow slope; the horizontal distance between high and low tidelines can exceed 2500 feet.

Useless Bay opens to the West into Admiralty Inlet. The shore here abuts a large bluff which rises from Useless Bay and descends to Double Bluff several miles down the shore.

Geology

The primary character of the shore here is shifting sands eroded from the bluffs with large fields of pebbles, driftwood, slabs of peat, and glacial erratic boulders.

The bluffs at Double Bluff Beach are up to 300 feet high, and erosive processes that have been at work here since the last ice age—from wind, rain, and tides, as well as tectonic action from the South Whidbey Island Fault—have revealed many distinct geologic strata in the exposed bluff face.

The oldest strata come from the Double Bluff Glaciation (150,000 - 200,000 BP), and the youngest—at the very top of the bluffs—is composed of drift from the Possession Glaciation (~70,000 BP). Between these two layers is the Whidbey Formation, an interglacial layer composed of sediments laid down by lakes, streams and rivers within the Puget Sound basin, before it was inundated by the Pacific Ocean. The Whidbey Formation composes the majority of the visible bluff face and consists of poorly sorted silt, clay, and sands, pebbles, and compressed slabs of peat. Mammoth teeth and tusks have been found eroding from the bluff.

Wildlife
Many species of wildlife may be found here including bald eagles, great blue herons, peregrine falcons, osprey, gulls, crows, river otters, several species of sea anemone, many species of crab, snails, sea urchins, and barnacles.

Activities
Double Bluff Beach is popular with both locals and tourists because of its large size, easy access, and many activities. Many people build huts with drift wood on the beach. Other activities include:
Walking
Tidepool Exploration
Birdwatching
Swimming
Skimboarding
Picnicking
Clamming (with license)
Off Leash Dog Area

References

External links
Double Bluff Beach & Dog Park (Whidbey Island Visitors Guide at Visitwhidbey.com)

Beaches of Washington (state)
Landforms of Island County, Washington
State parks of Washington (state)
Australia at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games

Australia competed at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, Canada from 30 July to 7 August 1954. It was Australia's fifth appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930.

Australia won medals in nine of the ten sports that it entered.

Medallists

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Team Management
Honorary General Manager and Chief of Mission - Jim Eve 
Honorary Assistant General Manager - Edward Kenny 
Honorary Manageress - Norah Morison
Section Officials: Athletics Manager - Frank Treacy, Athletics Women's Coach - Nell Gould ; Lawn Bowls Manager - Frederick Winn ; Boxing, Weightlifting & Wrestling Manager - Herbert Keenan ; Cycling Manager - Bill Young ; Fencing Coach - Joan Beck ; Rowing Manager - Roy Thursfield ; Swimming Manager - William Holland

See also
 Australia at the 1952 Summer Olympics
 Australia at the 1956 Summer Olympics

References

External links 
Commonwealth Games Australia Results Database

1954
Nations at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Australia at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games

Australia competed at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff, Wales, from 18 to 26 July 1958. It was Australia's sixth appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930.

Australia won medals in eight of the ten sports that it entered.

Medallists
The following Australian competitors won medals at the games.

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Officials
Chief of Mission / Honorary Treasurer: Jim Eve 
Honorary General Manager: Bill Young 
Attache: Max Phillips 
Section Officials: Athletics Manager – Charles Gardner ; Lawn Bowls Manager – Neil Benjamin ; Boxing Manager – John Castle ; Cycling Manager – Ronald O'Donnell ; Fencing Manager – Vivian Chalwin ; Rowing Manager – Eric Holford, Rowing Coach – Eric Longley ; Swimming Manager – Allan Blue, Swimming Chaperon – Frances May ; Wrestling Manager – Dick Garrard

See also
 Australia at the 1956 Summer Olympics
 Australia at the 1960 Summer Olympics

References

External links 
Commonwealth Games Australia Results Database

1958
Nations at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Vrbanja, Croatia

Vrbanja (, ) is a village and a municipality in Croatia.

Etymology

Vrbanja is named after the Croatian word for willows ().

Population

The municipality has a population of 5,174, in the following settlements:
 Soljani, population 1,245
 Strošinci, population 492
 Vrbanja, population 2,203

By ethnicity, 96.48% are Croats, while the largest minority consists of Slovaks (1.38%), per census 2001. With pronounced issue of population decline in eastern Croatia caused by population ageing, effects of the Croatian War of Independence and emigration after the accession of Croatia to the European Union, the population of the municipality dropped to 2,870 residents at the time of 2021 census.

Notable people
Elizabeta Burg, Croatian Beauty Pageant and Miss Universe Top 16 finalist

See also
Vukovar-Syrmia County
Cvelferija
 Drenovci

References

Municipalities of Croatia
Populated places in Syrmia
Populated places in Vukovar-Syrmia County
George W. Minns

George Washington Minns (October 6, 1813 in Boston, Massachusetts – January 14, 1895 in Brookline, Massachusetts) graduated from Harvard College with the class of 1836 and received a law degree from the Howard Dane Law School of Harvard. He practiced law in Massachusetts for several years before moving to California. After the Gold Rush caused the collapse of his law practice and Minns lost all of his savings, he became a teacher at the Union Grammar School, the first California high school, and became principal of the Normal School the following year.  He was an  American teacher, notable for running the Minns Evening Normal School, which was established in San Francisco, California, in 1857 in order to train teachers for the city's public school system. His normal school, named the California State Normal School, was the first publicly funded institution of higher learning in the state. George Minns was principal of the school from 1857-1862 and 1865-1866. The California State Normal School was transferred to the State of California in 1862, and is now known as San José State University.

Business

1841 - Admitted to the Suffolk County bar.
1854 - Arrived in California after sailing around Cape Horn aboard the clipper ship Winged Arrow.
1855 - Practiced law in San Francisco, California.
1857-1862 - Principal of Minns Evening Normal School, the predecessor of the California State Normal School, which, in turn, became San José State University, a campus of the California State University system.
June, 1865-June, 1866 - Returns to principal of the California State Normal School.

Education
1836 - Harvard University
1838(?) - Bachelor of Laws, Howard Dane Law School

References

External links
A short biographical sketch of George W. Minns.
A brief historiographical list of Minns' accomplishments

1813 births
1895 deaths
Harvard University alumni
Schoolteachers from California
Lawyers from Boston
San Jose State University
19th-century American lawyers
19th-century American educators

Presidents of San Jose State University
SF5

Sf5 or variation may refer to:

 Disulfur decafluoride (S2F10) a chemical reductively rendered as "SF5" (monosulfur pentafluoride)
 Street Fighter V, a fighting video game
 CASA SF-5, Spanish-built license production variants of the Northrup F-5 Tiger II Freedom Fighter jet fighter
 Sablatnig SF-5, German WWI reconnaissance seaplane
 , U.S. Navy Barracuda-class submarine
 SF Motors SF5, an electric sport utility sedan
 Sf5 glass

See also
 SF (disambiguation)
Voćin

Voćin is a village and municipality in western Slavonia, Croatia, located southwest of Slatina and east of Daruvar. The population of the municipality is 1,911, with 956 people living in Voćin itself (census 2021).

Geography
Voćin, a pilgrimage site, is located in a valley of the Voćinska Rijeka at the foot of Papuk Mountain. The surrounding area is notable for the Lisičine arboretum, the special Sekulinačke Planine forest vegetation reserve.

History

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Voćin was part of the Virovitica County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. The church was destroyed during World War II and rebuilt in 1973.

During the World War II, on January 14, 1942, happened the first Voćin massacre - killing of 350 Serb civilians by the Croatian Ustaše. The massacre was carried out as retaliation for partisans' action in Papuk.

During the Croatian War of Independence, the village's was the site of a massacre by the Serb White Eagles, who killed 43 villagers, all but one of whom were ethnic Croats. A Serb civilian who tried to protect his neighbors was the other fatality. Overnight, between 13 and 14 December 1991, the village's 550-year-old late style gothic church of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary was destroyed by explosive charges. Following the withdrawal of the Serb forces and arrival of Croatian forces, crimes against the Serb civilian population who stayed behind took place, with some 40 villagers killed over the course of several days.

Demographics
According to the 2021 census, the Voćin municipality had 1,911 inhabitants. The municipality consists of the following settlements:

Population of the Voćin municipality by ethnicity:

Population of the Voćin village by ethnicity:

Politics

Minority councils
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs. At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members minority councils of the Municipality of Voćin.

See also
Voćin massacre
Voćin massacre WW2 on 14 January 1942
Church of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Voćin

References

External links

Voćin, commune of Voćin

Municipalities of Croatia
Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County
Slavonia
Serb communities in Croatia
Australia at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games

Australia  hosted the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Western Australia, from 22 November to 1 December 1962. It was Australia's seventh appearance at the Commonwealth Games, having competed at every Games since their inception in 1930.

Australia won medals in nine of the ten sports that it entered.

Medallists
The following Australian competitors won medals at the games.

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Athletics

Australian athletics selectors announced on 21 October 1962 a team of 78 athletes consisting of 54 men and 24 women.

Men
Track & road events

Field events

Women
Track events

Field events

Officials
Commandant & General Manager: Edgar Tanner 
Assistant General Manager: Arthur Tunstall 
Team Secretary: Owen Davies
Attache: Kent Hughes 
Section Officials: Athletics Manager - Alfred Robinson, Athletics Manageress - Maisie McQuiston, Track Coach - Stewart Embling, Field Coach - Desmond Frawley ; Lawn Bowls Manager - Charles Smart ; Boxing Manager - George Dickinson, Boxing Trainer/Coach - Ronald Barkli ; Cycling Manager - Ronald O'Donnell, Track Coach - William Guyatt, Road Coach - Joseph Buckley ; Fencing Manager - Laurence Smith, Fencing Coach - Charles Stanmore ; Rowing Manager - Noel Wilkinson ; Rowing Coach Singles and Double Sculls - Kevyn Webb, Rowing Coach Coxed Fours - Albert Bell, Rowing Coach Coxed Pairs and Fours - Wilhelmus Sirks, Rowing Coach Eights - Alan Jacobsen ; Swimming Manager - Stuart Alldridt, Swimming Manageress - Dorothy Nordahl, Men's Swimming Coach - Don Talbot, Women's Swimming Coach - Arthur Cusack ; Diving Coach - Jack Barnett ; Weightlifting Manager - Bryan Marsden, Diving Coach/Trainer - Clive Morrison ; Wrestling Manager - Richard Rodda, Coach /Trainer - Reginald Dowton

See also
 Australia at the 1960 Summer Olympics
 Australia at the 1964 Summer Olympics

References

External links 
Commonwealth Games Australia Results Database

1962
Nations at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
British Empire and Commonwealth Games