alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
The Ad Club

The Ad Club, also known as The Boston Ad Club, more formally The Advertising Club of Greater Boston, originally named the Pilgrim Publicity Association, is the trade association for the marketing, communications, and advertising industry in New England. It serves as a networking organization that connects its members, who pay a yearly fee, to other companies and people within the industry.

Events

Hatch Awards
The Hatch Awards are an annual event in which advertising agencies and people in the advertising industry in New England are awarded for notable work and lifetime achievements. Winners are chosen by the "Hatch Judging Committee", chosen from the U.S. and Canada. Categories include Consumer Magazine Single Page, Poster, Website, Radio, and Newspaper. As of 2012, the Hatch Awards are in their 52nd consecutive year.

In 2012, The Ad Club released re-hatch.org: a comprehensive archive of winning work from Hatch Awards. The site currently displays 2011 and 2012 winning work.

Rosoff Awards
This event awards companies which are seen as having taken a proactive approach to running the business concerning diversity and multicultural acceptance within the company. Another more notable aspect of the awards is the scholarships given out to a handful of Boston Public School students who have shown interest in the advertising community and exceptional academic performance throughout High School. In 2009, The Ad Club gave away approximately 100,000 dollars in scholarships to ten different students, sponsored by 5 different New England colleges and a number of corporate sponsors.

The EDGE Conference
The EDGE conference in an annual event that examines current developments and new innovations in the marketing world. In 2014, the theme of the half-day conference was “Branded in Boston”, focusing on historical brands, services, and innovative ideas that were conceived in Boston and influence aspects of marketing, media, and branding.

References

Organizations established in 1904
Advertising organizations
Cunda Kammāraputta

Cunda Kammāraputta was a smith who gave Gautama Buddha his last meal as an offering while he visited his mango grove in Pāvā on his way to Kuśīnagara. Shortly after having Cunda's meal, the Buddha suffered from fatal dysentery. The condition could have been Clostridial necrotizing enteritis due to a high protein (meat) diet, which is provided as bhikkha as a mark of respect for high ranking Bhikkus in Theravada.

Before entering the parinirvāṇa, the Buddha told Ānanda to visit Cunda and tell him that his meal had nothing to do with his getting ill, and therefore should feel no blame nor remorse; on the contrary, offering the Tathāgata his last meal before passing away was of equal gain as of offering him his first meal before attaining buddhahood, and thus he should rejoice.

Name
The name Kammāraputta (in Sanskrit, Karmāraputra) means son of the smith. In Chinese, his name is rendered as 準陀 (Zhǔntuó).

Cunda as a lay follower of Gautama Buddha
In the Cunda Kammāraputta Sutta, Gautama Buddha stays at Cunda's mango grove and they talk about rites of purification. Cunda declares that he approves of the rites of the brahmins of the West and the Buddha mentions that the rites of purification of these brahmins and the purification in the discipline of the noble ones is quite different. Cunda asks him to explain how there is purification in his discipline, and so the Buddha teaches him the ten courses of skillful action. Cunda praises him for his teachings and declares himself a lay follower from that day on.

Cunda's Meal
In the Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta, Gautama Buddha and a group of bhikkus stay at Cunda's mango grove and are offered by him a meal. The meal consists of sweet rice, cakes and sūkaramaddava, which is translated differently depending on the buddhist tradition. Since the word is composed by sūkara, which means pig, and maddava, which means soft, tender, delicate, two alternatives are possible:

 Tender pig or boar meat. 
 What is enjoyed by pigs and boars.

In the latter meaning, the term has been thought to refer to a mushroom or truffle, or a yam or tuber. The idea that the Buddha's last meal consisted of pork is generally supported by the Theravada tradition; while that it was a vegetarian dish, by the Mahayana tradition. These may reflect the different traditional views on Buddhist vegetarianism and the monastic precepts.

In the sutta, the Buddha asks Cunda to serve the rice and cakes to the community of bhikkus, and to only serve the sūkaramaddava to him. Any leftovers should be buried in a pit. Cunda does as he is told.

Notes

References

Disciples of Gautama Buddha
Indian Buddhists
John Chalker Crosbie

Sir John Chalker Crosbie    (11 September 1876 – 5 October 1932) was a Newfoundland merchant and politician.

An aggressive and energetic entrepreneur, he created a fortune (which he lost) and started the Crosbie dynasty. His son, Chesley Crosbie, and grandson, John Crosbie were both affluent politicians. In 1900 Crosbie founded Crosbie and Co. and by 1920 was one of the leading fish exporters in Newfoundland.

He entered politics as MHA for Bay de Verde in 1908. After Edward Morris resigned at the end of 1917, Crosbie served as Prime Minister in a caretaker capacity until 5 January 1918, when William Lloyd took office. He was Minister of Shipping in 1919 and Minister of Finance and Customs under Prime Minister Walter Monroe from 1924 to 1928.

Crosbie was knighted KBE in 1919.

References

External links
 
 Sir John Chalker Crosbie at The Canadian Encyclopedia

1876 births
1932 deaths
Businesspeople from the Dominion of Newfoundland
Newfoundland People's Party MHAs
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Prime Ministers of the Dominion of Newfoundland
Nyala Pema Dündul

Nyala Pema Dündul (1816–1872), also known as Terton Nyala Pema Duddul, was a teacher of Dzogchen and Tantric Buddhism in Eastern Tibet.

In particular, he discovered and practiced the terma of the long-life practice of Guru Amitayus, called the Union of Primordial Essences.

Most sources state that the teacher in 1872 attained rainbow body.
According to one source, he on purpose did not, but reduced the left dead body in size and transformed it so that it would not decompose. According to the source the small body is now hidden at a secret location.

Many of his students attained rainbow body (e.g. Ayu Khandro and Nyala Rinpoche Rigdzin Changchub Dorje).

Dündul was a vegetarian.

References

 Chögyal Namkhai Norbu Dream Yoga And The Practice Of Natural Light. Edited and introduced by Michael Katz, Snow Lion Publications, Ithaca, NY, , p. 89.

External links
Biography of Pema Dudul
Nyala Pema Duddul Series on Lotsawa House

1816 births
1872 deaths
Lamas
Tertöns
Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet
19th-century Tibetan people
Anthropornis

Anthropornis is a genus of giant penguin that lived 45-33 million years ago, during the Late Eocene and the earliest part of the Oligocene.

Description 
 
Anthropornis reached  in length from the tip of the beak to the tip of the tail, and  in weight. There is also an estimate that one remain of Anthropornis can reach that body length of  and  in weight. Fossils of it have been found in the La Meseta Formation on Seymour Island off the coast of Antarctica and in New Zealand. By comparison, the largest modern penguin species, the emperor penguin, is just  long.

The type species, Anthropornis nordenskjoldi, had a bent joint in the wing, probably a vestigial trait from its flying ancestors.

References 

Prehistoric bird genera
Eocene birds
Oligocene birds
Extinct penguins
Priabonian genus first appearances
Rupelian genus extinctions
Prehistoric birds of Antarctica
Paleogene Antarctica
Fossils of Antarctica
Fossil taxa described in 1905
Fossils of New Zealand
Nan, Thailand

Nan (, ) is a town in northern Thailand. It is  north of Bangkok. It is in the centre of  Nan province which bears its name, and of which it is the former administrative capital. It covers tambon Nai Wiang and parts of tambon Pha Sing of Mueang Nan district, an area of  divided into 30 chumchon. In 2010 it had a population of 21,333 spread along the Nan River's right bank.  Nan is a small city, primarily devoted to commercial, administrative, educational, and hospital activities. The old heart of the city, where Wat Phumin, the national museum and other tourist attractions are found, is being restored.

History
Nan for centuries was a separate, autonomous kingdom with few relationships with the outside world. There is evidence of prehistoric habitation, but it wasn't until several small mueang united to form Nanthaburi on the Nan River in the mid-14th century, contemporaneously with the creation of Luang Prabang and the Lan Xang (Million Elephants) kingdom in Laos, that the city became notable. Associated with the Sukhothai Kingdom, the mueang took the title Wara Nakhon and played a significant part in the development of early Thai nationalism.

By the end of the 14th century Nan was one of the nine northern Thai-Lao principalities that formed Lanna. The city-state flourished throughout the 15th century under the name Chiang Klang ('middle city'), a reference to its position roughly midway between Chiang Mai ('new city') and Chiang Thong ('golden city'), today's Luang Prabang).

The Burmese took control of the kingdom in 1558 and deported many of the inhabitants to Burma as slaves; the city was deserted until northern Thailand was retaken from the Burmese in 1786. The local dynasty then regained local sovereignty and it remained semi-autonomous until 1931 when Nan finally accepted full Bangkok dominion. Part of its territory had been annexed to Laos by the French in the late-19th century.

Parts of the old city wall and several early wats dating from the Lanna period can be seen in contemporary Nan. The city's wats are distinctive; some temple structures show Lanna influence, while others belong to the Thai Lue legacy brought from Xishuangbanna in China, where the Thai Lue people originated.

Climate

Culture 
Wat Phumin is the city's most well-known wat. It is located near the Nan National Museum. The fifteenth century Wat Phra That Khao Noi overlooks the city and the golden Phra Buddha Maha Udom Mongkhon Nanthaburi, Sri Nan is enshrined there. The city has a lak muang (city pillar), Wat Ming Mueang, at the center of the city.

Gallery

References

Further reading

External links

Tourism Authority of Thailand: Nan
Oriental Architecture profile - photos of 12 sites in Nan with GPS calibrated map

Populated places in Nan province
Cities and towns in Thailand
Mokra Gora

Mokra Gora (; ), meaning the Wet Mountain in English, is a village located in the city of Užice, southwestern Serbia. It is situated on the northern slopes of the Zlatibor mountains. Emphasis on historical reconstruction has made it into a popular tourist center with unique attractions.

Mokra Gora has become popular after 2003 reconstruction of a narrow gauge railway called Šargan Eight which is unique in the world. Its route viewed from the sky, looks like the number eight.

Drvengrad

In addition, the well-known Serbian film director Emir Kusturica has also made a contribution to the development of tourism in Mokra Gora. In 2004, he financed the construction of an ethno village Drvengrad (Timber Town) near Mokra Gora. For this development, Kusturica received the "Philippe Rotthier European Architecture Award" from the "Brussels Foundation for Architecture".

See also
 Zlatibor mountains
 Užice-Ponikve Airport (nearby airport)
 Tornik ski resort (nearby ski resort)

References

External links
 Official site of Drvengrad

Užice
Zlatibor
Populated places in Zlatibor District
Nature parks in Serbia
Sinclair Oxford

Sinclair Oxford was a range of low-cost scientific calculators manufactured and sold by Sinclair Radionics in England from 1975 until 1976.

History
In November 1974, Gillette wanted to enter the consumer electronics market, so consulted Sinclair, who designed for them the Gillette GPA. Whilst the GPA was released, Gillette put the product on hold after a short time due to economic and pricing uncertainties. Sinclair would use the GPA design for the Oxford range, the development and tooling of which had been paid for by Gillette.

The first model was the Oxford 100, launched in Spring 1975 for  (all prices exclude VAT); and essentially the same as the GPA. Both the Gillette GPA and Oxford 100 models used 8 digit displays with red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), 4 functions, 9 volt PP3 batteries, and measured .

Models
All the Oxford models were similar in appearance; the 150 was introduced in 1975 introducing the ability to calculate percentages and square roots. The Oxford 200 included memory and sold for £19.95. The Oxford 300 was a scientific model with a limited number of functions (such as sin, cos, tan), which sold for £29.95, much lower than the competition. The last two models, the Oxford Scientific (1976) and Oxford Universal were the most advanced of the range.

The high power consumption of the calculators, which drew 40 mA while in operation, four times the recommended limit of the batteries, meant a short battery life. Computer Digest recommended using a much larger PP9 battery, but that meant losing the portability of the calculator.

References

Computer-related introductions in 1975
Sinclair calculators
Silent alarm

A silent alarm is a burglar alarm that makes no noise that is audible to the trespasser. The alarm makes an audible noise or visual notification elsewhere and notifies the police. A silent alarm may also be a panic button alarm.

The term still alarm is used for a fire alarm transmitted silently, usually by telephone, rather than by sounding the conventional signal or bell apparatus. Still alarms are commonly used to alert fire and medical personnel as to what type of emergency they are responding to.  

Fire detection and alarm
Mark Norris (Canadian politician)

Mark Norris  (born 1962) is an Alberta politician, former MLA and candidate for the leadership of the Progressive Conservatives.

Norris was born and raised in Edmonton, Alberta and earned his Bachelor of Arts in political science from  St. Francis Xavier University in Nova Scotia.

He returned to Edmonton following his university years and purchased from his father Paul J. Norris, in 1990, an advertising and sign manufacturing company.

Norris won a seat in the Alberta legislature in 2001 provincial election as the MLA for Edmonton McClung, becoming a celebrated figure within the party for doing so because he had defeated former Tory leadership candidate-turned-Liberal leader Nancy MacBeth.  Norris served as the Minister of Economic Development in the Albertan Cabinet under Premier Ralph Klein, but became the only cabinet minister to lose his seat in the 2004 provincial election.

Norris does not rule Alberta separatism out as an option. He  told the Calgary Sun in March 2006 that under his leadership, if a future federal government persisted in bringing in policies harmful to Alberta such as a carbon tax, "(Alberta is) going to take steps to secede."

On May 30, 2006, Norris became an official candidate in the race to replace Ralph Klein as Premier of Alberta. On the first ballot, he finished sixth of eight candidates, capturing 6.9% of the vote, and was required to withdraw from the race.  He subsequently endorsed eventual winner Ed Stelmach.

See also
Wescorp Energy

References 

1962 births
Living people
Members of the Executive Council of Alberta
Politicians from Edmonton
Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta MLAs
21st-century Canadian politicians
Maud Nathan

Maud Nathan (October 20, 1862 – December 15, 1946)  was an American social worker, labor activist and women’s suffragist.

Early life
She was born on October 20, 1862, to a New York City Sephardic Jewish family of Portuguese origin. Her mother was Annie Augusta and her father was Robert Weeks Nathan. She came from a prominent New York City family, descended from Gershom Mendes Seixas, minister of New York's Congregation Sherith Israel during the American Revolutionary War. Nathan was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

Her sister was the author and education activist Annie Nathan Meyer, the founder of Barnard College. Her cousins are the poet Emma Lazarus and Supreme Court Justice Benjamin Cardozo. Her nephew was the author and poet Robert Nathan. She and her family moved to Green Bay, Wisconsin, for four years. Maud finished her high school education there. The family moved back to New York City after the death of Maud's mother in 1878.

On April 7, 1880, seventeen-year-old Maud Nathan married her first cousin Frederick Nathan.

Career 
As a young married woman, Nathan became involved in charity work.  She was named director at both the Mount Sinai Hospital and the Hebrew Free School.  Along with Josephine Shaw Lowell, Nathan was a founding member of the New York Consumer's League.  The group supported an eight-hour workday for women and children and supported the Working Women's Society in publicizing shops which treated workers fairly.

The death of her daughter, Annette Florance Nathan, at the age of 8 in 1895 brought out a change in Nathan. Josephine Shaw Lowell, founder of the New York Consumers League suggested that Nathan work up an interest in  the issues of working women in New York City, as a way to get over the loss of her child. This was the initial start of Nathan's career in helping women.

In 1897, Nathan became president of the New York Consumer's League.  When the National Consumer's League was created in 1898, Nathan become a member of its executive committee.  In 1901, the Consumer League of Rhode Island was organized after Maud Nathan gave a speech in the state.

Lobbying Albany on consumer issues made Nathan realize how little legislators cared about the opinions of vote-less women and so Nathan became more involved in suffrage activities.  In 1908, Nathan published a pamphlet entitled The Wage Earner and the Ballot which pointed out that in suffrage states the age of consent was higher, the illiteracy rate was lower, women were paid more for civil service jobs, and there were stronger child labor laws.

See also 
 Progressivism

Notes

External links
Maud Nathan Papers.Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.

1862 births
1946 deaths
American pacifists
American social workers
American suffragists
American community activists
Community building
19th-century Sephardi Jews
19th-century American Jews
20th-century American Sephardic Jews
American people of Portuguese-Jewish descent
Jewish feminists
American Sephardic Jews
Education activists
Activists from New York City
Jewish suffragists
Bob Stensholt

Robert Einar Stensholt (born 11 July 1945) is a former Australian Labor Party politician who represented the Victorian state seat of Burwood in the Victorian Legislative Assembly (the lower house) of the state's parliament.

He represented Burwood for the Victorian ALP from 1999 to 2010. From 2007 he was the Chair of the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee, and from February 2003 to December 2006 he was Parliamentary Secretary for Treasury and Finance.

His initial victory in the seat of Burwood came at a by-election on 11 December 1999 following the resignation from parliament of the previous member for Burwood (and former Premier of Victoria) Jeff Kennett. Stensholt had been defeated by Kennett at the state election held two months earlier. However, at the by-election, the Liberals lost 15 percent of their primary vote, allowing Stensholt to take the seat on a swing of 10.4 percent.

His by-election victory was unexpected and cemented the result of the 1999 state election, which for a period had been up for grabs following an election in which three independents ended up with the balance of power, eventually throwing their support behind the Labor Party. The Liberals, in the person of Kennett, had held the seat since it was recreated in 1976, most recently by a margin of 10% at the state election less than two months previously.

Early in his career, Stensholt had studied to be a Catholic priest, a matter the Liberal Party attempted to make some mileage out of during his by-election campaign.

Since discontinuing his religious studies, he had primarily worked in various roles with the Australian Public Service in Canberra, most notably as Assistant Director-General of Australia's overseas aid program, AusAID. Prior to being elected, he was working as a senior research fellow at Monash University and as an international development consultant.

He was re-elected for a third term at the 2006 Victorian State Election with a two-candidate preferred margin of 7.46%.

He was defeated at the 2010 election when the ALP was voted out of office, with a 9.6% swing against him, seeing the seat return to Liberal hands.

References

External links
Parliament of Victoria re-member parliamentary biography

1945 births
Living people
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Victoria
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly
Australian National University alumni
21st-century Australian politicians
Academic staff of Monash University
Electoral district of Burwood

The electoral district of Burwood was an electorate for the Victorian Legislative Assembly in Australia. It was located approximately 13 kilometres east of Melbourne, and covered an area of 25 km2. The seat included the suburbs of Ashburton, Ashwood, Box Hill South, Burwood, Chadstone, and parts of Camberwell, Canterbury, Glen Iris, and Surrey Hills. It was created in 1955 as part of the expansion of the Legislative Assembly, and abolished in 1967, replaced by Glen Iris. Burwood was recreated in 1976, replacing Glen Iris.

The seat's most notable member was Jeff Kennett, who won the seat on its recreation in 1976 and went on to serve as leader of the Liberal Party from 1982 to 1989 and from 1991 to 1999, and as Premier of Victoria from 1992 to 1999. Kennett retired after his government's shock defeat at the 1999 election. In the ensuring by-election, his Labor opponent in the general election, Bob Stensholt, won the previously safe Liberal seat on a swing of over 10 percent.

Stensholt went on to hold the seat in his own right for two more terms before Graham Watt regained it for the Liberals. However, he lost his seat at the 2018 Victorian state election to Labor candidate Will Fowles.

The seat was abolished by the Electoral Boundaries Commission ahead of the 2022 election and replaced by the electoral district of Ashwood.

Members for Burwood

Election results

References

External links
 Electorate profile: Burwood, Victorian Electoral Commission

Former electoral districts of Victoria (state)
1955 establishments in Australia
1967 disestablishments in Australia
1976 establishments in Australia
Tom Ellis (politician)

Robert Thomas Ellis (15 March 1924 – 14 April 2010) was a  Welsh politician who was elected several times as a Labour Party Member of Parliament, and later joined the Social Democratic Party (SDP).

Early life
Ellis was born in Pant, Rhosllannerchrugog, Denbighshire and was educated at Ruabon Grammar School.  He entered the mining industry, and in 1957 was appointed manager of the nearby Bersham Colliery.  He took further studies at the University of Wales and the University of Nottingham.  He was a president of Wrexham Fabian Society.

Parliamentary career
Ellis joined the Labour Party in 1943. He first stood for Parliament without success in Flint West in 1966.  Elected at the 1970 general election as Labour MP for Wrexham, he was re-elected in the February 1974, October 1974, and May 1979 elections.  He also served as an indirectly elected Member of the European Parliament from 1975 to 1979.

Ellis had grown increasingly disaffected with the leftward direction of the Labour Party by the beginning of the 1980s. He was one of the core handful of Jenkinsite Labour MPs who were prepared to leave the Labour Party without the Gang of Three of David Owen, Bill Rodgers, and Shirley Williams. In fact, he had even gone so far as seriously to contemplate joining the Liberals.  Ellis' disenchantment with the Labour Party was so great that he probably voted for Michael Foot over Denis Healey in Labour's 1980 leadership election in order to accelerate the disintegration of the Labour Party.

In 1981, Ellis became one of the founding members of the SDP. Ellis was one of three Welsh MPs to join the new party (the others were Jeffrey Thomas and Ednyfed Hudson Davies) and he was elected to serve as the President of Welsh Social Democrats.  As a result of boundary changes, Ellis did not contest Wrexham in 1983 election, instead he stood in the new constituency of Clwyd South West which incorporated much of his old constituency.  Ellis finished second to the Conservative candidate Robert Harvey by 1,551 votes in a competitive three-way race.

Later life
At the 1987 general election, Ellis stood again in Clwyd South West, finishing a respectable third.  After the merger of the SDP and the Liberals, he stood for the then Social and Liberal Democrats at the 1989 Pontypridd by-election, finishing a weak fourth behind the victor Kim Howells.

Publications

Notes

External links 
 

1924 births
2010 deaths
Welsh Labour MPs
Liberal Democrats (UK) parliamentary candidates
Social Democratic Party (UK) MPs for Welsh constituencies
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
Alumni of the University of Nottingham
Alumni of the University of Wales
People from Rhosllanerchrugog
Politics of Wrexham
Labour Party (UK) MEPs
MEPs for the United Kingdom 1973–1979
People educated at Ruabon Grammar School
El Palomar, Buenos Aires

El Palomar is a town in the urban agglomeration of Greater Buenos Aires in Argentina. It is located  north-west of Buenos Aires.

The city has the peculiarity of being divided between two partidos of Buenos Aires Province: Morón, where it is called El Palomar, and Tres de Febrero, where it is called Ciudad Jardín Lomas del Palomar. Of its 74,751 inhabitants (), 57,146 live within the Morón jurisdiction and 17,605 live in Tres de Febrero.

El Palomar was established with a station by that name belonging to the Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway () opened in 1910. Developer Publio Massini sold the first lots on November 8 of that year, and Juan Manuel Giuffra established the El Palomar Development Council, which obtained electric lighting for the area in its early years. The city is home to the National Military College (), the 1st Air Brigade () of the Argentine Air Force, and El Palomar Airport.

The Italian Society of Tiro al Segno (Target Shooting) (S.I.T.A.S.), is located in Palomar. Horse riding, tennis, soccer, yoga, shooting, hockey, bodybuilding, and other sports can be practiced here. In an annex is the training venue for rugby and hockey.

French automaker PSA Peugeot Citroën has a manufacturing plant in the area as well.

El Palomar is served by Ferrocarril General San Martín commuter rail service at El Palomar station with easy access to Retiro Station in downtown Buenos Aires, as well as by National Route 7.

Ciudad Jardín Lomas del Palomar 

Inaugurated in 1944, Ciudad Jardín was conceived with the idea of creating a garden city that offered a balance of urban life with green spaces, a city within a city.

Climate

Education

The area once had a German school, Gartenstadt Schule *.

History

References

External links 

ROTARY CLUB EL PALOMAR
www.guiapalomar.com Official website 
Ciudad Jardín Lomas del Palomar 

Morón Partido
Tres de Febrero Partido
Populated places in Buenos Aires Province
Populated places established in 1910
Cities in Argentina
Tamsin West

Tamsin West (born 7 March 1974) is an Australian child actress and singer. She made her film debut as Jennifer Grey in Jenny Kissed Me and played Jane Cannon in Frog Dreaming. She is perhaps best known to television viewers as Linda Twist, a role during the first series in the children's television show Round the Twist. West was the first actress of three to portray the role.

As well as appearing in children's television, West also appeared in Neighbours as Emma Gordon, between 1987 and 1988, and again in 1991, and guested on Blue Heelers. She was in the chorus for the 1992 Jesus Christ Superstar Australian arena production.

West performed the lead vocals on the Round the Twist theme song. This was used for all four series despite the fact that she only appeared as an actress in the first series.

Filmography

Film

Television

External links 

1974 births
Living people
Australian television actresses
Australian child actresses
People educated at the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Melbourne
Actresses from Melbourne
National Union of Labour and Socialist Clubs

In Britain, the National Union of Labour and Socialist Clubs (NULSC) is a socialist society representing Working men's clubs affiliated to the Labour Party (many are also affiliated to the Working Men's Club and Institute Union).

References

Clubs and societies in the United Kingdom
Working men's clubs
Labour Party (UK) socialist societies
Revolutionary Students Unity of Bangladesh

Revolutionary Students Unity (RSU) or Biplobi Chhatro Moitry, is an independent secular students rights organization in Bangladesh. Not to be confused with the Students Unity of Bangladesh or Bangladesh Chhatro Moitry, an independent student organization.  The organisation was founded in 1980 through the unification of four student movements: Jatio Chhatra Andolan, Purbo Bangla Chhatra Union, Jatio Chhatra Dal and Jatio Chhatra Dal. It originally followed the pro-Peking students union stream, but its political theory has changed over the years. It had a significant role during most of the recent progressive movements, notably the anti-Ershad people's movement and anti-Razakar movement under Jahanara Imam. 

The central committee of RSU consists of 27 members.
The present convener is Faisal Faruk Ovik.

References 

Student organisations in Bangladesh
Bangladeshi student movements
Student organizations established in 1980
Blšany

Blšany () is a town in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants.

Administrative parts
Villages of Liběšovice, Malá Černoc, Siřem, Soběchleby and Stachov are administrative parts of Blšany.

Geography
Blšany is located about  southwest of Louny,  southwest of Ústí nad Labem, and  west of Prague. The northern part of the municipal territory lies in the Most Basin. The southern part lies in the Rakovník Uplands and includes the highest point of Blšany, the hill Hůrka at  above sea level. The Blšanka River flows through the town.

History
The first written mention of Blšany is from 1238, when the village was a property of the Waldsassen Abbey. Between 1238 and 1252, a small town was founded on the site of the village.

From 1938 to 1945, Blšany was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland.

Economy
Blšany is located in an area known for growing hops.

Sport
Blšany is known nationwide for its football club FK Chmel Blšany, which played in the Czech First League between 1998 and 2006. Blšany is the smallest town where the Czech First League was played.

Sights
The main landmark of Blšany is the Church of Saint Michael. It was built in the Baroque style in 1716–1717 and rebuilt in 1825.

Notable people
Franz Kafka spent several months in convalescence in the village of Siřem after tuberculosis was diagnosed.

References

External links

Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Populated places in Louny District
Ivan Tsarevich

Ivan Tsarevich ( or Иван-царевич) is one of the main heroes of  Russian folklore, usually a protagonist, often engaged in a struggle with Koschei. Along with Ivan the Fool, Ivan Tsarevich is a placeholder name, meaning "Prince Ivan", rather than a definitive character. Tsarevich is a title given to the sons of tsars.

He is often, but not always, the youngest son of three. In the tale "The Three Tsardoms" he is a son of Nastasya the Golden Braid. Different legends describe Ivan with different wives, including  Yelena the Beautiful,  Vasilisa the Wise and  Marya Morevna.

Ivan is the main hero of multiple Russian folktales. He is almost always portrayed either as the third son of a peasant family or as the third son of a king. In the latter stories, he is called Ivan Tsarevich, which means "tsar's son". ("Ivan" is one of the most common Russian forenames.) The friends and foes of Ivan Tsarevich are often mythic figures, from magical animals to deathless beings. The most famous folktale featuring Ivan as the protagonist is "Tsarevitch Ivan, the Firebird and the Gray Wolf". In this story, a magical wolf aids Ivan as he captures the  firebird and wins the hand of a beautiful tsarevna. The firebird inspired Igor Stravinsky's  1910 ballet of the same name. In another famous tale, part of which was also used by Stravinsky in The Firebird, Ivan Tsarevich married a warrior princess, Maria Morevna, who had been kidnapped by the immortal being called Koschei the Deathless. In this tale, the animal helpers were a lion, a bird and a magical horse that belonged to Baba Yaga. Mounted on this horse, Ivan defeats Koschei. Ivan the peasant's son has as many tales as Ivan Tsarevich. One of the best known is the story "the Little Humpbacked Horse", in which a magical talking horse helps Ivan to become a hero and to marry the princess he loves.

Tales about Ivan Tsarevich include:

  "Ivan Tsarevich and the Grey Wolf"
  "Tsarevna the Frog"
  "The Sea Tsar and Vasilisa the Wise"
  "The Tale about Rejuvenating Apples and the Life Water"
  "The Death of Koschei the Immortal" (also known as "Marya Morevna")"

References 

Russian folklore characters
Fictional princes
Fairy tale stock characters
Russian folklore
Fictional characters who use magic
Heroes in mythology and legend
Queensland Wind and Brass

The Queensland Wind and Brass (QWAB) is a community wind ensemble based in Brisbane, Australia. It was formed in 1989 and is composed of approximately 55 amateur and professional musicians.

QWAB plays works written specifically for wind ensembles as well as arrangements of well known pieces. Their performances include themed concerts (From Russia With Love, Movies & Musicals etc.) as well as kids' concerts. QWAB also participates in local and national band competitions.

The group performs at venues throughout Brisbane including New Farm Park, Queen Street Mall, South Bank Parklands and the Old Museum Building. QWAB rehearses in the Old Museum Building.

Queensland Wind and Brass was formed in December 1989 and arose from a need for a high standard musical group for post-secondary musicians.
 
Since its inception, Queensland Wind and Brass has grown rapidly. In 1991, the group was the highest awarded concert band in the Queensland Festival of Music, Community Ensemble Section. In 1992 and again in 1999, Queensland Wind and Brass was the overall winner of this section where it was awarded the Most Outstanding Performance trophy. In 2001, QWAB came third in the A Grade National Band Competition and first in the A Grade Festival of Music. In 2005, 2006 and 2007 it was the highest awarded Wind Ensemble in the Brisbane City Council's “Battle of the Bands”.
 
The group consists of both amateur and professional woodwind, brass and percussion players, aged from 17 years upwards. New members are always welcome! Rehearsals currently take place on Tuesday evenings from 7:00pm in the Main Concert Hall of The Old Museum, Bowen Hills.
 
QWAB's performances include functions and special events, public outdoor venues such as the Brisbane City Mall, festivals and competitions... and of course concerts at major venues, including their "home", The Old Museum Concert Hall.
 
Themed concerts, such as Movies & Musicals are a QWAB specialty, appealing to a wide range of musical tastes and offering something for everyone.
 
The QWAB Kids’ Concerts are not only very entertaining for the young (and not-so-young!) audience members - they are carefully structured so as to provide a stimulating and inspiring educational experience for young children. Recent kids’ concerts have been enormously popular, featuring appearances by Darth Vader (standing in for the conductor) and Harry Potter's theme music.
 
View the QWAB events page for dates & details of QWAB performances.
 
QWAB is organised and operated by a dedicated committee consisting of current QWAB members and long-time friends of QWAB.

See also
 Community band
 Music of Brisbane
 Arts and culture in Brisbane

External links
 Queensland Wind and Brass
 Queensland Wind and Brass Facebook

Wind bands
Sakar (mountain)

Sakar ( ; also ) is a mountain in southeastern Bulgaria, between the rivers Maritsa, Tundzha, Sokolitsa and Sazliyka and close to the borders with Greece and Turkey. The mountain's highest peak is Vishegrad at 856 m.

Sakar is one of the richest regions in Bulgaria in terms of endangered birds of prey populations. Sakar is widely known for the wines produced in the area, but tobacco growing remains a leading occupation. The region's most important administrative centre is the town of Topolovgrad in Haskovo Province.

Honour
Sakar Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Sakar Mountain.

Landforms of Haskovo Province
Mountain ranges of Bulgaria
Rif Dimashq Governorate

Rif Dimashq Governorate (, , literally, the "Governorate of the Countryside of Damascus", Damascus Suburb) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and al-Suwayda in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city and governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

The Governorate was a major site of fighting in the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign.

Districts 

The governorate is divided into ten districts (manatiq). The districts are further divided into 37 sub-districts (nawahi). There were nine districts until February 2009, when Qudsaya District was created from parts of Markaz Rif Dimashq and Al-Zabadani districts. There is a small village belonging to the Damascus countryside (Ghouta) called Aqraba, which is characterized by its fields and agricultural orchards. (nawahi). The governorate's total population (as of the 2004 census) is 2,273,074.

 Markaz Rif Dimashq District (6 sub-districts; population: 837,804)
 Al-Kiswah Subdistrict
 Babbila Subdistrict
 Jaramana Subdistrict
 Al-Malihah Subdistrict
 Kafr Batna Subdistrict
 Arbin Subdistrict
 Darayya District (3 sub-districts; population: 260,961)
 Darayya Subdistrict
 Sahnaya Subdistrict
 al-Hajar al-Aswad Subdistrict
 Douma District (7 sub-districts; population: 433,719)
 Douma Subdistrict
 Harasta Subdistrict
 Al-Sabe' Biyar Subdistrict
 Al-Dumayr Subdistrict
 Al-Nashabiyah Subdistrict
 Al-Ghizlaniyah Subdistrict
 Harran al-Awamid Subdistrict
 An-Nabek District (3 sub-districts; population: 80,001)
 An-Nabek Subdistrict
 Deir Atiyah Subdistrict
 Qara Subdistrict

 Qatana District (3 sub-districts; population: 207,245)
 Qatana Subdistrict
 Beit Jen Subdistrict
 Sa'sa' Subdistrict
 Qudsaya District (3 sub-districts; population: 105,974)*
 Qudsaya Subdistrict
 Al-Dimas Subdistrict
 Ain al-Fijah Subdistrict
 Al-Qutayfah District (4 sub-districts; population: 119,283)
 Al-Qutayfah Subdistrict
 Jayroud Subdistrict
 Maaloula Subdistrict
 Ar-Ruhaybah Subdistrict
 Al-Tall District (3 sub-districts; population: 115,937)
 al-Tall Subdistrict
 Saidnaya Subdistrict
 Rankous Subdistrict
 Yabroud District (2 sub-districts; population: 48,370)
 Yabroud Subdistrict
 Assal al-Ward Subdistrict
 Al-Zabadani District (3 sub-districts; population: 63,780)
 Al-Zabadani Subdistrict
 Madaya Subdistrict
 Serghaya Subdistrict

*a newly-created district since 2009, formerly belonging to Markaz Rif Dimashq District and parts of Al-Zabadani District

References 

 
Governorates of Syria
Howard Taylor Ricketts

Howard Taylor Ricketts (February 9, 1871 – May 3, 1910) was an American pathologist after whom the family Rickettsiaceae and the order Rickettsiales are named.

He was born in Findlay, Ohio.  In the early part of his career, Ricketts undertook research at Northwestern University on blastomycosis. He later worked in the Bitterroot Valley of Montana and at the University of Chicago on Rocky Mountain spotted fever.  This early pathology, entomology and epidemiology research in Hamilton, Montana lead to the eventual formation of the Rocky Mountain Laboratories there.

While in Montana, Ricketts and his assistant discovered that the vector that carried the pathogen for Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a tick, the Rocky Mountain wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni; some other species of ticks, such as the American dog or wood tick, Dermacentor variabilis, also are vectors). It was not at once clear what kind of organism the pathogen was; eventually it was named Rickettsia, the first of the Rickettsiales to be identified. However, for decades, until electron microscopy and other technologies became sufficiently advanced, it was not known whether Rickettsiales were bacteria, viruses, or something in between. They now are known to be bacteria specialised for intracellular parasitism.

Ricketts was devoted to his research and, on several occasions, injected himself with pathogens to study their effects. The pathogen causing Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Rickettsia rickettsii was named after him. After this eponymous genus, the larger family and order were given their names.

In 1910, Ricketts became interested in a strain of murine-carried typhus known as tabardillo due to a major outbreak in Mexico City, and the apparent similarity of the disease to spotted fever. Days after isolating the organism that he believed caused typhus, he himself died of the disease. His last papers were written in collaboration with R. M. Wilder.

Ricketts was survived by his wife, Myra Tubbs Ricketts, and children.  His family established an annual student research prize, the Howard Taylor Ricketts Prize, at the University of Chicago in 1912. Noteworthy recipients of the Ricketts Prize include Julian Herman Lewis (1913), Lauretta Bender (1923), Sara Elizabeth Branham (1924), G. M. Dack (1925), and Maurice Hilleman (1945).

References

Further reading

External links
 
 
 
Guide to the Howard Taylor Ricketts Papers 1891-1977 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center

American pathologists
Deaths from typhus
1871 births
1910 deaths
Rickettsiales
People from Findlay, Ohio
Northwestern University alumni
University of Chicago faculty
Agnieszka Perepeczko

Agnieszka Perepeczko (born 6 May 1942) is a Polish-born actress, best known for her performances after her emigration to Australia.

Biography

Perepeczko was born in Warsaw, in 1966 she graduated at Aleksander Zelwerowicz State Theatre Academy in Warsaw. She is best remembered for her appearance in the television series Prisoner, in which she played East German concentration camp survivor Hannah Geldschmidt.

She was married to the late stage and screen actor Marek Perepeczko. In 1987, Perepeczko retired from acting after her husband Marek passed away.

She is regarded as one of the most famous Polish-born actresses to find success in Australian television and cinema.

External links
 
 Interview with Agnieszka Perepeczko

1942 births
Living people
Actresses from Warsaw
Polish actresses
Polish emigrants to Australia
Australian television actresses
Yala, Thailand

Yala (,  or ) is a city and seat of Mueang Yala District and Yala Province, southern Thailand. The provincial and district capital, it is 137 kilometres by road southeast of Hat Yai. The eastern part of the city is part of the neighboring tambon of Sateng Nok. As of 2019 the tambon had a total population of 60,617. It lies on the border with Pattani Province in the north of Yala Province. It lies on Thailand Route 4106, south of Khao Tum and north of Krong Pinang. Yala railway station is on the State Railway of Thailand Southern Line. Yala is approximately 1,100 km south of Bangkok.

History
Yala used to be part of the Pattani kingdom. When Ayutthaya was captured by the Burmese, Yala, along with other southern colonies, became independent. Yala was again included as part of Thailand about 41 years later. In September 1977, the King and Queen of Thailand narrowly avoided assassination after a bomb exploded nearby during a visit. On 9 October, policemen from the 12th Provincial Police Headquarters and the Yala Provincial Police Headquarters arrested Abdun Romae Haron, Mae Prachu, and Choning Saing on charges of conspiring with the escaped convicts Hayi Masae, Choya Samae, and Abdun Romae in attempting to kill the monarchs.

Landmarks

The city surrounds around a circular park and is meticulously laid out, centered along Phang Mueang, the central thoroughfare. There is a large park to the west of this with a lake and swamp. The city contains a pillar shrine, Yala Central Mosque, and a field hospital. Yala Central Mosque is a large mosque with a square shaped roof and green dome, on the main road towards the north of the city. It has existed in its location for over a century and was damaged during the Japanese invasion of Thailand, but was subsequently rebuilt after World War II. Yala Hospital and Siroros Hospital, on Route 4106, serve the surrounding district.  The Tham Phab Khien Fa Panang caves lie to the east of Yala on the way to Budi and contain 500-year-old rock paintings.

Economy
The main occupations of the people are trade, agriculture, business, and governmental services, given that it is the capital of Mueang Yala District and contains district offices. Secondary industry also has some significance, given that the city contains the Muang Yala municipal slaughterhouse in the western part of the city near the river bank, the Shaapan rubber factory, Sun Thai Yala Co. Ltd. (a wood processing firm), Charoenporn ice plant, and mineral water bottler.

Health 
Yala Hospital, the main hospital of Yala province, is located in the town.

See also
Yala Technical College

References

External links

Website of the city 
 Photograph of Yala Central Mosque

Populated places in Yala province
1977 in Thailand
Cities and towns in Thailand
Mueang Yala district

Mueang Yala (, ; Pattani Malay: ยาลอ, ) is the capital district (amphoe mueang) of Yala province, southern Thailand.

Geography
Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise): Khok Pho, Mae Lan and Yarang of Pattani province; Raman, Krong Pinang and Yaha of Yala province; and Saba Yoi of Songkhla province.

The main river is the Pattani River, which runs through the town of Yala.

History
Originally only known as Mueang district, the district was renamed Sateng in 1917 to share the name with the central sub-district. In 1938, the district was renamed Mueang Yala to conform with the common name of the central districts of a province.

Five sub-districts are scheduled to be split off to form the new district Lam Mai in 2015.

Administration

Central administration 
Mueang Yala is divided into 14 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 80 administrative villages (mubans).

Missing numbers are tambons which now form Krong Pinang District.

Local administration 
There is one city (thesaban nakhon) in the district:
 Yala (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Sateng.

There is one town (thesaban mueang) in the district:
 Sateng Nok (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Sateng Nok.

There are four sub-district municipalities (thesaban tambons) in the district:
 Lam Mai (Thai: ) consisting of parts of sub-district Lam Mai.
 Budi (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Budi.
 Yupo (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Yupo.
 Tha Sap (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Tha Sap.

There are nine sub-district administrative organizations (SAO) in the district:
 Lidon (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Lidon.
 Yala (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Yala.
 Lam Mai (Thai: ) consisting of parts of sub-district Lam Mai.
 Na Tham (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Na Tham.
 Lam Phaya (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Lam Phaya.
 Po Seng (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Po Seng.
 Phron (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Phron.
 Bannang Sareng (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Bannang Sareng.
 Ta Se (Thai: ) consisting of sub-district Ta Se.

References

External links
amphoe.com on Mueang Yala district (Thai)

Districts of Yala province