alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
A.V. Kewney Stakes

The A. V. Kewney Stakes is a Victoria Racing Club Group 2  Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old fillies, run at set weights, over a distance of 1,600 metres at Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in March during the VRC Autumn Racing Carnival.   Total prizemoney is A$300,000.

History
The race has had several changes in grade and distance. The race is named after Arthur V. Kewney, who was the Secretary of the Victoria Racing Club for 21 years retiring in 1946 at the age of 74.

Distance
 1952–1972 -  miles (~2000 metres)
 1973–1984 – 2000 metres 
 1985–2009 – 1600 metres
 2010–2020 – 1400 metres
 2021 onwards – 1600 metres

Grade
 1952–1979 - Principal Race
 1979 onwards - Group 2

Venue
In 2007 the race was run at Caulfield Racecourse due to reconstruction of Flemington Racecourse.

Winners

 2023 - Revolutionary Miss
 2022 - Barb Raider
 2021 - Starelle
 2020 - Rubisaki
 2019 - Spanish Whisper
 2018 - Bella Martini
 2017 - I Am A Star
 2016 - Badawiya
 2015 - Wawail
 2014 - Solicit
 2013 - Flying Snitzel
 2012 - Empress Rock
 2011 - Do Re Mi
 2010 - Faint Perfume
 2009 - Gallica
 2008 - Zarita
 2007 - Anamato
 2006 - Doubting
 2005 - Ballet Society
 2004 - Special Harmony
 2003 - Lashed
 2002 - Elegant Fashion
 2001 - Ponton Flyer
 2000 - Umaline
 1999 - Sunline
 1998 - Rose Of Danehill
 1997 - Regal Crown
 1996 - Eureka Jewel
 1995 - Northwood Plume
 1994 - Tristalove
 1993 - Orsay
 1992 - Tarare
 1991 - Mannerism
 1990 - Reganza
 1989 - Pray For Colleen
 1988 - Tennessee Vain
 1987 - Send Me An Angel
 1986 - Imperial Regina
 1985 - Love A Kiss
 1984 - Mapperley Heights
 1983 - More Rain
 1982 - Voli Dream
 1981 - Deck The Halls
 1980 - Bravita
 1979 - Prunella
 1978 - Sun Sally
 1977 - In Pursuit
 1976 - How Now
 1975 - Cap D'antibes
 1974 - Love Aloft
 1973 - Sweet Vamp
 1972 - Gossiper
 1971 - Sanderae
 1970 - Gay Poss
 1969 - Cautious Sue
 1968 - Lowland
 1967 - Spell
 1966 - Dual Quest
 1965 - Whitsome
 1964 - Swell
 1963 - Marpyrean
 1962 - Holiday
 1961 - Miss Dante
 1960 - Mintaway
 1959 - Wiggle
 1958 - Gay Satin
 1957 - Sandara
 1956 - Arbolado
 1955 - Orbona
 1954 - Waltzing Lady
 1953 - Just Caroline
 1952 - Great Field

See also

List of Australian Group races
 Group races

References

Horse races in Australia
Flemington Racecourse
Kneževi Vinogradi

Kneževi Vinogradi (; ) is a village and municipality in Croatia. It is situated in the Osijek-Baranja County, on the southern slopes of Bansko Brdo, 11 km southeast of Beli Manastir. Its elevation is 103 m. Chief occupations of villagers include farming, viticulture, livestock breeding (dairy farms) and dairy industry. At the time of 2011 census Kneževi Vinogradi was the only municipality in Croatia with a relative majority of Hungarians of Croatia.

In Roman times, the Donatium colony was located here, so Suljoš, as people call Kneževe Vinograde, is one of the oldest places in Baranja.

Name

The name of the village derived from Croatian words "knez" ("prince" in English) and "vinograd" ("vineyard" in English), hence the meaning of the name is "the prince's vineyards". The name of the village in Serbo-Croatian is plural.

In other languages, the village in German is known as Weingärten or Weingärten i.d.Braunau, in Hungarian as Hercegszöllős (earlier Herczeg-Szöllős) and in Serbian as Kneževi Vinogradi (Кнежеви Виногради).

Geography

The municipality of Kneževi Vinogradi include following settlements:
Kneževi Vinogradi
Jasenovac
Kamenac
Karanac
Kotlina
Mirkovac
Sokolovac
Suza
Zmajevac

Features

Kneževi Vinogradi is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Demographics

Municipality

According to the 2001 census, there are 5,186 inhabitants in the municipality, including:
Hungarians (40.9%)
Croats (34.34%)
Serbs (18.43%)
Germans (1.95%)
others (including Romani, Albanians, Macedonians, Slovenes, etc.).

Village
According to the 2001 census, there are 1,715 inhabitants in the Kneževi Vinogradi village, including: 
Croats = 844
Serbs = 535
Hungarians = 275
others = 61

Politics

Minority councils
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs. At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Hungarians and Serbs of Croatia each fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members municipal minority councils of the Kneževi Vinogradi Municipality.

See also
Osijek-Baranja County
Baranja
List of Croatian municipalities with minority languages in official use

References

External links

Official website

Populated places in Osijek-Baranja County
Municipalities of Croatia
Baranya (region)
Populated places in Croatia where Hungarian is an official language
Richard Eaton Singers

Richard Eaton Singers is a symphonic chorus in Edmonton, Alberta. There are 150 members in the choir, which frequently performs with the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra, and is at home in the Francis Winspear Centre for Music. The choir has commissioned and premiered new works by Canadian composers. RES has toured Canada and Europe.

History
The University Singers chorus was founded in 1951 by Richard Eaton, the first Chair of the Department of Music at the University of Alberta.  In 1969, after Eaton's death, the choir voted to rename the group after its founder.

Richard Eaton conducted the Chorus until 1967, and was succeeded by Alexandra Munn (1967–1973) and Larry Cook (1973–1981), both U of A faculty members.

The choir has completed a number of tours in Canada; in 1970 the choir performed several concerts in England, and in 1987 they traveled to The Hague.

In the 1980s the RES conducted evening concerts at Edmonton's All Saints Cathedral.

RES is currently conducted by Leonard Ratzlaff, a 30-year member of the RES in 2011.

References

External links
Official website

Musical groups established in 1951
Musical groups from Edmonton
Canadian choirs
1951 establishments in Alberta
Miss Indiana Teen USA

The Miss Indiana Teen USA  competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Indiana in the Miss Teen USA pageant. This pageant is currently produced by CROWN MOXIE, LLC headed by JScot Reid. It was formerly produced by MOXIE Media Productions and Sanders & Associates based in Buckhannon, West Virginia before MOXIE Media Productions.

Indiana had a slow start at Miss Teen USA, and did not place until 1991. That placement became the first of a four-year streak, which included three semi-finalist and one 1st runner-up placings.

Six Indiana teens have gone on to win the Miss Indiana USA crown, more than most other states. The most successful of these, Kelly Lloyd, who achieved Indiana's highest ever Miss Teen USA placement also went on to earn one of Miss Indiana USA's highest placements in 2002. Even more notable, Lloyd was a Triple Crown winner.

The current titleholder is KK Kokonaing of Huntertown and was crowned on April 10, 2022 at Noblesville High School in Noblesville. She will represent Indiana for the title of Miss Teen USA 2022.

Results summary

Placements
1st runners-up: Kelly Lloyd (1993)
3rd runners-up: Paige Robinson (2017)  
4th runners-up: Jillian Dornbush (2001)
Top 10/12: Heather Hart (1991), Nicole Llewellyn (1992), Nicolette Van Hook (1994), Kera Boog (2000)
Top 15: Jami Stallings (2003), Jessica Michelle Buch (2011), Zoe Parker (2014)
Indiana holds a record of 10 placements at Miss Teen USA.

Awards
Miss Photogenic: Jillian Dornbush (2001), Lexi Gryszowka (2021)

Winners 

1 Age at the time of the Miss Teen USA pageant

References

External links
Official website

Indiana
Women in Indiana
Kutjevo

Kutjevo is a town in eastern Croatia. It is located in the Slavonia region, northeast of town of Požega.

History

Kutjevo is known for its wines, and the local agricultural joint stock company Kutjevo d.d. is the largest exporter of wines in Croatia. There are numerous winegrowers residing in Kutjevo, like Enjingi and Krauthaker.

Population
The 2011 census showed there were 6,247 people in the municipality and 2,440 in the town itself, with 95% of the population declaring themselves Croats.

Politics

Minority councils
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs. At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 15 members minority council of the Town of Kutjevo but the elections were not held due to the lack of candidates.

Settlements
The settlements included in the administrative area of Kutjevo include:

 Bektež, population 388
 Bjeliševac, population 112
 Ciglenik, population 143
 Ferovac, population 103
 Grabarje, population 490
 Gradište, population 152
 Rnjevac, population 174
 Kula, population 331
 Kutjevo, population 2,440
 Lukač, population 150
 Mitrovac, population 133
 Ovčare, population 123
 Poreč, population 119
 Šumanovci, population 139
 Tominovac, population 164
 Venje, population 98
 Vetovo, population 988

See also 
 Turković family

References

External links

Slavonia
Cities and towns in Croatia
Populated places in Požega-Slavonia County
Blamey Stakes

The Blamey Stakes is a Victoria Racing Club Group 2  Thoroughbred horse race for three years old and older, with Set Weights with Penalties conditions over 1600 metres, at Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in March during the VRC Autumn Racing Carnival.  The total prize money is A$300,000.

History
 
The race is named after Sir Thomas Albert Blamey, who was Australia's only native born Field marshal and was a Victoria Racing Club Committee member from 1947 until his death in 1951.

The race has been won by horses of exceptional calibre that have won at 2400 metres (~ miles) or longer. These include such thoroughbreds that also competed overseas as Tobin Bronze and Better Loosen Up.

Distance
 1955–1972 -  miles (~2000 metres)
 1973 onwards - 1600 metres

Grade
 1955–1979 - Principal Race
 1979 onwards - Group 2

Venue
In 2007 the race was run at Sandown Racecourse due to reconstruction of Flemington Racecourse.

Conditions
From 1955 to 1980 the race was run at Weight for Age.

Winners

 2022 - Inspirational Girl
 2021 - Star Of The Seas
 2020 - Fifty Stars
 2019 - Fifty Stars
 2018 - Humidor
 2017 - Palentino
 2016 - He Or She
 2015 - Suavito
 2014 - Lidari
 2013 - †Puissance De Lune / Budriguez
 2012 - Green Moon
 2011 - Whobegotyou
 2010 - Lord Tavistock
 2009 - Largo Lad
 2008 - The Fuzz
 2007 - Apache Cat
 2006 - Rosden
 2005 - Grey Song
 2004 - Gold Wells
 2003 - Walk On Air
 2002 - Tears Royal
 2001 - Market Price
 2000 - Oliver Twist
 1999 - Thackeray
 1998 - Willoughby
 1997 - Zuccherino
 1996 - Racer's Edge
 1995 - Durbridge
 1994 - Durbridge
 1993 - Prince Salieri
 1992 - Shiva's Revenge
 1991 - Better Loosen Up
 1990 - Better Loosen Up
 1989 - Vo Rogue
 1988 - Vo Rogue
 1987 - Playful Princess
 1986 - Lord Of Camelot
 1985 - Beechcraft
 1984 - Penny Edition
 1983 - Trissaro
 1982 - Kip
 1981 - Hyperno
 1980 - Hyperno
 1979 - Leonotis
 1978 - Opposition
 1977 - Surround
 1976 - Lord Dudley
 1975 - Zambari
 1974 - Sobar
 1973 - Gunsynd
 1972 - Surrender
 1971 - Gay Icarus
 1970 - Cyron
 1969 - Fileur
 1968 - Future
 1967 - Tobin Bronze
 1966 - Tobin Bronze
 1965 - Sir Dane
 1964 - Teppo Star
 1963 - Mamburdi
 1962 - Dhaulagiri
 1961 - Dhaulagiri
 1960 - Wool Man
 1959 - But Beautiful
 1958 - Sailor's Guide
 1957 - Sailor's Guide
 1956 - Rising Fast
 1955 - Prince Cortauld

† Dead heat

See also
 List of Australian Group races
 Group races

References

Horse races in Australia
Flemington Racecourse
Lipik

Lipik is a town in western Slavonia, in the Požega-Slavonia County of northeastern Croatia. It is known for its spas, mineral water and Lipizzaner stables.

Settlements

The settlements included in the administrative area of Lipik include:

 Antunovac, population 363
 Bjelanovac, population 12
 Brekinska, population 126
 Brezine, population 221
 Bujavica, population 33
 Bukovčani, population 17
 Dobrovac, population 358
 Donji Čaglić, population 266
 Filipovac, population 373
 Gaj, population 324
 Gornji Čaglić, population 19
 Jagma, population 41
 Japaga, population 174
 Klisa, population 73
 Korita, population 9
 Kovačevac, population 29
 Kukunjevac, population 233
 Lipik, population 2,258
 Livađani, population 7
 Marino Selo, population 312
 Poljana, population 547
 Ribnjaci, population 34
 Skenderovci, population 4
 Strižičevac, population 18
 Subocka, population 12
 Šeovica, population 307

Politics

Minority councils
Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs. At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Czechs, Serbs and Italians of Croatia each fulfilled legal requirements to elect 15 members minority council of the Town of Lipik but the elections for the Czech council were not held due to the lack of candidates.

History
Lipik was occupied by Ottoman forces along with several other cities in Slavonia until its liberation in 1691.

In 1773, the warm waters of Lipik were described favorably by a Varaždin doctor. It continued to be used as a treatment spa for over a century, and in 1872, the first hotel was opened in the town. By 1920 the number of hotels grew to six. Spa treatment is still the major focus of economy for the town.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Lipik was part of the Požega County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.

Climate

Lipizzan stable 

Lipik also hosts a Lipizzan stable that had been built in 1843 under the Habsburg monarchy. It had previously enjoyed state recognition in Yugoslavia between 1938 and the 1950s, when it was closed in favor of the stable in Lipica, Slovenia. It was reopened in 1981, but then during the Croatian War of Independence the horses were evacuated and taken to Novi Sad, Serbia, where they remained until their negotiated return in 2007.

Notable natives and residents

Vladimir Velmar-Janković, Serb writer
Jadranka Kosor, former Croatian Prime Minister

References

External links
 

 
Slavonia
Cities and towns in Croatia
Populated places in Požega-Slavonia County
Spa towns in Croatia
1517 establishments in Europe
16th-century establishments in Croatia
Gelt (disambiguation)

Gelt may refer to:

Gelt, also known as Hanukkah gelt, chocolate coins given to Jewish children on Hanukkah
River Gelt, a river of Cumbria, England
Gelt River (New Zealand), a river of Canterbury, New Zealand
Gelt Lake, a lake of Lombardy, Italy

People with the surname
Felix Gelt (born 1978), Canadian soccer player

See also
Geld (surname)
Cambridge University Lawn Tennis Club

Cambridge University Lawn Tennis Club was founded in 1881, seven years before the Lawn Tennis Association of Great Britain was founded. Although it is called a 'club', it is actually the lawn tennis association of the whole of the University of Cambridge, representing the university as a whole, the thirty-one Colleges, and other institutions which are part of the university.

CULTC is directly affiliated to the Lawn Tennis Association of Great Britain and has a representative on the council and on the Board of the Association. The President and former Chairman of the club, Sir Geoffrey Cass, was president of the Lawn Tennis Association and Chairman of the L.T.A. Council 1997–1999. He is currently president of the British Tennis Foundation.

The university and Colleges give considerable support to British tennis by making available their administrative and playing facilities. CULTC regularly arranges for County Week groups to be held on College grounds.

The university's annual fixture list is one of the strongest in Britain. It usually includes matches against many different countries, as well as several of Britain's leading lawn tennis clubs; also half-a-dozen universities, and a dozen other clubs and teams. Most of the club's annual fixtures are home matches, which means that in a typical year nearly 30 tennis teams from all over Britain are entertained for a day in Cambridge at Fenner's.

Famous past and current members 
Until the Second World War, after which lawn tennis became less of an amateur pursuit, Cambridge Blues won no less than 28 Wimbledon Championships in singles and doubles.

Blues

Honorary 
 Sir Geoffrey Cass, Clare Hall —
 Stephen Bourne, Cambridge University Press — Honorary Vice-president
 Professor Sir Roy Calne, Trinity Hall — Honorary Vice-president

Varsity match

Overall statistics

Results 
Cambridge University versus Oxford University Varsity Match results:

The Doherty Cup 
The original Cambridge University Tournament was founded as the Cambridge University LTC Tournament in 1881. The winners of gentleman's singles event from 1920 was also known as The Doherty Cup.

See also
 List of social activities at the University of Cambridge

References

External links 
 Cambridge University Lawn Tennis Club

Sports clubs and teams established in 1881
Lawn Tennis Club
Tennis venues in England
1881 establishments in England
Tennis clubs
Pritchardia remota

Pritchardia remota,  the Nihoa pritchardia, Nihoa fan palm, or Loulu, is a species of palm endemic on the island of Nihoa, Hawaii, and later transplanted to the island of Laysan. It is a smaller tree than most other species of Pritchardia, typically reaching only  tall and with a trunk diameter of . It is the only type of tree on the island and used to be abundant. In 1885 a wildfire ravaged the island, destroying most of the palms. Only about 700 of these trees remain, making the species endangered but numbers are slowly increasing. The palm is being cultivated in botanical gardens.

Though it is impossible to mistake P. remota for any other species in its natural habitat, it can be discerned from other Pritchardia species by its wavy leaves, its short and hairless inflorescences, and its tiny, spherical fruits.

A similar undescribed species existed on Laysan, the Laysan fan palm, but was made extinct after Laysan was mined for guano.

Habitat
A 1996 survey found a total of four plant populations of 680 palms on the island.  Groves of P. remota palms grow in coastal mesic valley depressions in two valleys on Nihoa: The largest population grows in the West Palm Valley, while the three smaller populations are found in the East Palm Valley. Up to 50% of the pollen found in soil cores taken from lowland sites in the Main Islands comes from Pritchardia palms similar to this species. This is because these palms were once abundant there until around the year 1000, when the human population grew dramatically. The trees were cleared for agriculture and used for timber and firewood.

Ancient Nihoans probably used the trees expansively as well , and this could have caused their water supply to be contaminated with guano. This, in conjunction with several drought years due to El Niño, could have caused the residents of Nihoa to give up and return to the Main Islands, which indeed happened before Nihoa was discovered by the Europeans in the 18th century. The species's longevity is also threatened by flash floods which have been noted to occur in the lower part of Nihoa's East Palm Valley, one habitat of the palm.

Pritchardia remota provides a nesting place for red-footed boobies and a perching spot for brown noddies.

References

Bibliography

remota
Endemic flora of Nihoa
Trees of Hawaii
Taxa named by Odoardo Beccari
Tether car

Tether cars (also commonly known as spindizzies) are model racing cars powered by miniature internal combustion engines and tethered to a central post. Unlike radio control cars, the driver has no remote control over the model's speed or steering.

Basics

Tether cars are often small (less than 1 meter in length), powered by a non-radio controlled model aeroplane engine (two stroke, glow plug, piston liner, etc.), and run on fuel supplied by a fuel tank within the car. Since 2015, electric motor driven cars, powered by batteries, have also emerged.

History
Tether cars were developed beginning in the 1920s–1930s and still are built, raced and collected today. First made by hobby craftsmen, tether cars were later produced in small numbers by commercial manufacturers such as Dooling Brothers (California), Dick McCoy (Duro-Matic Products), Garold Frymire (Fryco Engineering) BB Korn, and many others. Original examples of the early cars, made from 1930s to the 1960s, are avidly collected today and command prices in the thousands of dollars.

Locations and speed records
There are tracks in Australia (Brisbane and Sydney), New Zealand, Germany, Switzerland, Estonia, Ukraine, Russia, the United States, and other countries. World Championship races are held every 3 years, the 2013 World Championships was held in Basel, Switzerland.

World records

See also
 Cox Models, a former manufacturer of ready to run tether cars
 Control line flying model

References

External links
 Speed model car official webiste
 Vintage Miniature Gas Powered Race Cars, Buys cars, private website covering the early history of tether cars
 AMRCA - American Miniature Racing Car Association
 WMCR - World Organisation for Model Car Racing
 GMBK - Gävle ModellBil Klubb

Toy cars and trucks
Martians Go Home

Martians Go Home could refer to:

Martians, Go Home, a 1955 novel by Fredric Brown
Martians Go Home (film), a 1989 adaptation of the novel, starring Randy Quaid
Martians Go Home (record label), a record label based in Champaign, Illinois, created by the members of Hum
Škoda 03 T

The Škoda 03 T (sold as Škoda Astra, later Škoda Anitra (Asynchronní nízkopodlažní tramvaj; Asynchronous Low-floor Tram)) is a three-section low-floor tram developed by Škoda Transportation and Inekon Group. The design was introduced in 1996, and the first car was completed in 1998. The joint venture between Škoda and Inekon was dissolved in 2001, after which Škoda continued to sell the 03 T, while Inekon formed a new partnership with DPO (Dopravní podnik Ostrava, the city transport company of Ostrava), known as DPO Inekon, and in 2002 began selling a nearly identical version of the Astra, under the name Trio.

The 03 T is uni-directional and has a low floor over half of its length. The front and rear sections, under which the wheels are placed, have a high floor; the middle section, between these, has a low floor.

Some other Škoda trams, such as the 05 T and 10 T, are based on the Astra.

Deliveries and operation

References

External links 

 Škoda Astra at Skoda.cz 

Tram vehicles of the Czech Republic
Škoda trams
Horatio Walpole

Horatio Walpole may refer to:

Horatio Walpole (died 1717) (1663–1717), MP for Castle Rising
Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton (1678–1757)
Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (1717–1797), author of The Castle of Otranto (1764)
Horatio Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford (1723–1809)
Horatio Walpole, 2nd Earl of Orford (1752–1822)
Horatio Walpole, 3rd Earl of Orford (1783–1858)
Horatio Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (third creation) (1813–1894)
Tuning wrench

A tuning wrench (also called a tuning lever or tuning hammer) is a specialized socket wrench used to tune string instruments, such as the piano, harp, and hammer dulcimer, that have strings wrapped around tuning pins. Other string instruments do not require a tuning wrench because their tuning pins or pegs come with handles (as with the violin), or geared tuning machines (as with the guitar or banjo).

Tuning wrench sockets may be triangular-shaped or eight-pointed star-shaped, and are found in two basic sizes: a large size for pianos, and a smaller size for most other instruments. For pianos, pins are typically square with a slight taper. There are three standard sizes known as No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3, for pins up to 6.5mm, for pins 6.5mm to 7.25mm, and for pins larger than 7.25mm. No. 2 is the most common. Wrenches are supplied with an eight-point star. Some early keyboard instruments have oblong-shaped tuning pins.

Impact piano tuning levers differ from traditional levers in that they are fitted with a weight at the end of the handle. The tuner flicks the lever with his or her wrist, causing the weight to do the actual work of moving the tuning pin. Tuning wrench sockets are often attached snugly to the handle with fine-gauge machine-screw threads, to provide a very firm, immobile joint; this is in contrast to the square snap-on joints found in sockets used for machinery.

Unlike most socket wrenches, tuning wrenches usually have a comfortable wood or nylon handle. They are found in two basic shapes: L-shaped and T-shaped. L-shaped handles for pianos are available in several angles that are not quite right angles, provide greater leverage than T-shaped handles, and the angle provides clearance for the handle over adjacent pins, allowing a very short and stiff socket to be used. This enables a better feel and control of the tiny movements of the tuning pin, within the pin-block. T-shaped handles are used for many lower-tension instruments such as the harpsichord, harp, and dulcimer. T-shaped handles help keep torque parallel to the shaft of the tuning pin, and thus avoid bending the pin and widening the wooden hole that holds the tuning pin.

See also
 Drum key, a similar tool used for tuning drums and adjusting drum hardware

References

External links

Picture of a piano wrench from the Grosse Pointe Public Library
Tuning a Bowed Psaltery from A Psimple Psaltery

Musical tuning
Wrenches
Far Brook School

Far Brook School is a private, independent, nonsectarian, coeducational day school located in the Short Hills section of Millburn, in Essex County, New Jersey, United States, serving students in nursery through eighth grade.

Far Brook School is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Elementary Schools, and is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools, the New Jersey Association of Independent Schools, the Educational Records Bureau, and the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education.

Notable staff
Edwin Finckel was the school's music director for 39 years.

References

External links
School website
National Center for Education Statistics information

Millburn, New Jersey
Schools in Essex County, New Jersey
Private elementary schools in New Jersey
Private middle schools in New Jersey
New Jersey Association of Independent Schools
Miss Iowa Teen USA

The  Miss Iowa Teen USA competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Iowa in the Miss Teen USA pageant, which is co-owned by the Miss USA Organization by Crystle Stewart. This pageant is produced by Future Productions, LLC which also produces state pageants for Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota, Colorado, South Dakota, and Wyoming.

Miss Iowa Teen USA 1992 Jamie Solinger was crowned Miss Teen USA at the national pageant held in Biloxi, Mississippi that year. Iowa became the 9th state that won the Miss Teen USA title for the first time.

Solinger is one of only three Iowa teens to cross over and win the Miss Iowa USA title.

Marisa Mathson of Waukee was crowned Miss Iowa Teen USA 2022 on May 21, 2022, at Des Moines Marriott Downtown in Des Moines. She will represent Iowa for the title of Miss Teen USA 2022.

Results summary

Placements
Winner: Jamie Solinger (1992)
Top 12: Chelsey Ridge (1995)
Top 15/16/20: Alyssa Cook (2003), Carley Arnold (2017), Angel Strong (2021), Marisa Mathson (2022), Maddie Erickson (2023)
Iowa holds a record of 7 placements at Miss Teen USA.

Special Award
Miss Photogenic: Allyson Hovda (2009)

Winners 

1 Age at the time of the Miss Teen USA pageant

External links
Official website

References

Iowa
Women in Iowa
PacWest Racing

PacWest Racing was a Champ Car racing team owned by Bruce McCaw founded in 1993.

The team's first full-time season was the next year, 1994, with drivers Dominic Dobson and future Indy Racing League co-champion Scott Sharp. In 1995, the team switched to former Formula One driver Maurício Gugelmin and a fading Danny Sullivan, who would be replaced late in the season by Juan Manuel Fangio II after an injury. In 1996, Mark Blundell took over Fangio's seat.

1997 became PacWest's breakout year, with the team taking four wins - three from Blundell and Gugelmin's sole CART victory at Vancouver. The team was since considered a major team, and was figured to be in contention for the championship in 1998.

The next three years, however, turned out to be a disappointment. 2001 saw Blundell, who retired after the previous season's end, replaced with 2000 Indy Lights Champion Scott Dixon, who earned PacWest's final victory at Nazareth, in which Dixon's teammate Gugelmin withdrew after the death of his son.

2002 was PacWest's final year, in which the troubled team could only obtain associate sponsorship from NTN. The team started four races with Dixon and Oriol Servia. After the third race, Dixon left the team to join Chip Ganassi Racing, and Servia started one more race before McCaw closed the organization.

The team was purchased by Kevin Kalkhoven and Craig Pollock to form PK Racing. The team operated as KV Racing Technology from 2003 until the end of the 2016 season.

The PacWest team's two cars were the cars used by main characters Jimmy Bly (#18) and Joe Tanto (#17) in the 2001 action movie Driven.

Past drivers
 Mark Blundell (1996–2000)
 Scott Dixon (2001–2002)
 Dominic Dobson (1993–1994)
 Teo Fabi (1996)
 Juan Manuel Fangio II (1995)
 Maurício Gugelmin (1995–2001)
 Roberto Moreno (1999)
 Oriol Servia (2002)
 Scott Sharp (1994)
 Danny Sullivan (1995)

Racing results

Complete CART FedEx Championship Series results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position) (results in italics indicate fastest lap)

Sources 

Champ Car teams
Auto racing teams in the United States
Indy Lights teams
Auto racing teams established in 1993
Auto racing teams disestablished in 2003
Moussaoui

Moussaoui is a French transliteration of the Arabic surname Al-Musawi. The surname is most common in Algeria, Morocco and Western Sahara. It may refer to the following notable people:
Driss Moussaoui, Moroccan psychiatrist 
Mohammed Moussaoui (born 1964), president of the French Council of Muslim Faith of Moroccan descent 
Samir Moussaoui (born 1975), Algerian long-distance runner
Samir El Moussaoui (born 1986), Dutch football player of Moroccan descent
Toufik Moussaoui (born 1991), Algerian football player
Zacarias Moussaoui (born 1968), French militant, member of al-Qaeda of Moroccan descent 

Arabic-language surnames
Digital Island

Digital Island is a business-to-business telecommunications provider based at 8 Nugent Street in Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand.

It was sold to Spark Ventures in November 2017, and continues to operate as a brand. Spark Ventures was merged to be part of the general Spark New Zealand brand in 2019

Services

Digital Island is a specialist business Telco providing a complete bundle of services to medium and large businesses and not for profit organisations in New Zealand. Digital Island's services include Cloud PBX (based on Mitel's Telepo and MICD carrier voice & messaging solutions), Fibre Internet Access (via Chorus UFB & other), Mobile services (MVNO) and traditional POTS services such as business lines and tollfree services.

Awards

Digital Island is the winner of the Deloitte Fast 50 awards for "Fastest growing technology company" in 2008, and "Fastest growing telecommunications business" in 2007, Digital Island also placed overall for 3 consecutive years in 2007, 2008, and 2009, and placed in the Vero Excellence in Business Awards in 2010.

History

Digital Island started operations in 2003 by 3 New Zealanders who having recently returned from the UK, saw a gap in the market for a dedicated B2B voice/internet provider.

References

External links
 
 Telepo by Digital Island

Telecommunications companies of New Zealand
New Zealand companies established in 2003
Telecommunications companies established in 2003
Companies based in Auckland
Lewis Malone Ayer Jr.

Lewis Malone Ayer Jr. (November 21, 1821 – March 8, 1895) was a South Carolina politician who served as a Confederate Congressman during the American Civil War.

Ayer was born near Barnwell, South Carolina, and educated in the common schools. He attended law school and passed his bar exam. After establishing a successful practice, he served in the state legislature from 1848 until 1856. He married Anna Patterson and raised a family.

An ardent supporter of states rights, Ayer signed the ordinance of secession and represented South Carolina in the Confederate Congress from 1862 until the war's end in 1865. He died in 1895 in Anderson, South Carolina.

References

1821 births
1895 deaths
Members of the Confederate House of Representatives from South Carolina
19th-century American politicians
Harvard University alumni
University of Virginia alumni
University of South Carolina alumni
People from Barnwell, South Carolina
Whitecoat

A whitecoat is a newborn harp or grey seal with soft, white fur.

From newborn to whitecoat
Newborn seals have yellow fur because of amniotic fluid, and are still wet. When the pup dries, it is called a yellowcoat. The amniotic stain fades and the fur turns white within a few days, and it gets the name whitecoat. First it's called a thin whitecoat, and when it becomes visibly fatter it is a fat whitecoat.

Nursing lasts for about 12 days. Cows frequently return to their pups to suckle. While she is suckling, the mother does not eat—rather, she draws on her reserves of fatty blubber to produce the milk. Pups grow rapidly, at the end of nursing, most pups weigh 36 kg (80 lbs) or more. The mothers then leave their fully fed pups and join the bulls to mate. At this age of about 12 days, pups first become "greycoats", as grey juvenile coloring grows under their white fur, then "ragged-jackets" when white fur begins to fall out in patches.

Hunting of whitecoats
The United States banned the hunting and import of whitecoats in 1972, through the Marine Mammal Protection Act. The European Economic Community banned the import of whitecoat products in 1983. Canada banned the offshore commercial hunting of whitecoats and bluebacks on December 30, 1987.

See also
Grey seal
Harp seal
Seal hunting

References

True seals
Seal hunting
3D EP

3D EP (stylised as 3D • EP) is the debut record by English rock band XTC, released on 7 October 1977 through Virgin Records. The songs were recorded and mixed at Abbey Road Studios with production and engineering by John Leckie.  "I'm Bugged" and "New Town Animal in a Furnished Cage" were also recorded at these sessions and these versions later appeared on their debut LP White Music (1978). Promotional videos were made for "Science Friction", "She's So Square" and "Dance Band".  These same songs appeared on the White Music CD as bonus tracks.

The Da Capo Companion to 20th-century Popular Music (1995) writes that the album and "particularly its lead track 'Science Friction' set the tone for the early part of XTC's career, with Partridge's fondness for puns (exemplified by the band's name) and both his and Moulding's pop sensibilities to the fore, backed by Andrews' quirky keyboard style."

Track listing

Personnel
Andy Partridge – guitar and vocals
Barry Andrews – piano and organ
Colin Moulding – bass and vocals
Terry Chambers – drums and vocals

References

1977 debut EPs
XTC EPs
HD 98618

HD 98618 is a yellow-hued star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It is invisible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of just 7.65. Based on  measurements, this star is located at a distance of 135 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +7.1 km/s. It is a likely member of the thin disk population and is orbiting the Milky Way at about the same distance from the Galactic Center as the Sun.

The stellar classification of HD 98618 is G5V, which matches an ordinary G-type main-sequence star that is generating energy through hydrogen fusion in the core region. It is almost identical in most respects to the Sun; it has therefore been proposed as a candidate solar twin. However, like the solar twin 18 Scorpii, HD 98618 has a lithium abundance significantly higher than that of the Sun ([Li/H] = +0.45 ± 0.08). Meléndez & Ramírez (2007) have suggested that HD 98618 be considered a "quasi solar twin", since they have now identified a solar twin, HIP 56948, with lithium content identical within the observational error to the Sun's.

The star appears roughly the same age as the Sun, although the level of chromospheric activity suggests it may be older. It is rotating with a leisurely projected rotational velocity of 2.1 km/s. The mass and size of the star are a few percent higher than the Sun. It is radiating around 10% more luminosity than the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,812 K.

References

External links
 Universetoday.com article
 David Darling encyclopedia
 SIMBAD entry

G-type main-sequence stars
HD, 098618
Ursa Major
Durchmusterung objects
098618
055459
Makybe Diva Stakes

The Makybe Diva Stakes, previously called the Craiglee Stakes, is a Victoria Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race at Weight for age conditions for three year olds and older, over a distance of 1,600 metres held at Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia in September. Total prize money is A$1,000,000.

History
Originally named the Craiglee Stakes after the home in Sunbury of Wilfred Henry Johnston (1864 - 1951), chairman of the VRC stipendiary stewards between 1924 and 1945, the event is now dedicated to Australian Thoroughbred champion racehorse Makybe Diva, winner of three consecutive Melbourne Cups.

1948 racebook

Name
 1948–2006 - Craiglee Stakes
 2007 onwards - Makybe Diva Stakes

Distance
 1948–1964 -  miles (~2000 metres)
 1965–1971 - 1 mile (~1600 metres)
 1972 onwards - 1600 metres

Grade
 1948–1978 - Principal Race
 1979–2012 - Group 2 race
 2013 onwards - Group 1 race

Winners

 2023 - Mr Brightside
 2022 - I'm Thunderstruck
 2021 - Incentivise
 2020 - Fierce Impact
 2019 - Gatting
 2018 - Grunt
 2017 - Humidor
 2016 - Palentino
 2015 - Fawkner
2014 - Dissident
2013 - Foreteller
2012 - Southern Speed
2011 - Littorio
2010 - Shocking
2009 - Vigor
2008 - Weekend Hussler
2007 - Marasco
2006 - Pompeii Ruler
2005 - Confectioner
2004 - Hug's Dancer
2003 - Pentastic
2002 - Northerly
2001 - Native Jazz
2000 - Go Flash Go
1999 - Sky Heights
1998 - Umrum
1997 - Marble Halls
1996 - Saleous
1995 - Jeune
1994 - Mahogany
1993 - Mannerism
1992 - Star Of The Realm
1991 - Durbridge
1990 - Zabeel
1989 - Apollo Run
1988 - High Regard
1987 - Military Plume
1986 - King Phoenix
1985 - Fine Offer
1984 - Prolific
1983 - Pleach
1982 - Rose Of Kingston
1981 - Sovereign Red
1980 - Big Print
1979 - Dulcify
1978 - Family Of Man
1977 - Ming Dynasty
1976 - How Now
1975 - Tontonan
1974 - All Shot
1973 - Gay Icarus
1972 - Gossiper
1971 - Dual Choice
1970 - Gay Poss 
1969 - Rain Lover
1968 - Lowland
1967 - Star Belle
1966 - Tobin Bronze
1965 - Light Fingers
1964 - Sir Dane
1963 - Havelock
1962 - Aquanita
1961 - Lord
1960 - Nilarco
1959 - Vogel
1958 - White Hills
1957 - Sailor's Guide
1956 - Sailor's Guide
1955 - Cromis
1954 - Acramitis
1953 - Aldershot
1952 - Great Western
1951 - Chicquita
1950 - Chicquita
1949 - Comic Court
1948 - Lungi

See also
 List of Australian Group races
 Group races

References

Open mile category horse races
Flemington Racecourse
Group 1 stakes races in Australia
Rainbow hologram

The rainbow or Benton hologram is a type of hologram invented in 1968 by Dr. Stephen A. Benton at Polaroid Corporation (later MIT). Rainbow holograms are designed to be viewed under white light illumination, rather than laser light which was required before this.  The rainbow holography recording process uses a horizontal slit to eliminate vertical parallax in the output image, greatly reducing spectral blur while preserving three-dimensionality for most observers. A viewer moving up or down in front of a rainbow hologram sees changing spectral colors rather than different vertical perspectives. Because perspective effects are reproduced along one axis only, the subject will appear variously stretched or squashed when the hologram is not viewed at an optimum distance; this distortion may go unnoticed when there is not much depth, but can be severe when the distance of the subject from the plane of the hologram is very substantial. Stereopsis and horizontal motion parallax, two relatively powerful cues to depth, are preserved.

The holograms found on credit cards are examples of rainbow holograms.

How a rainbow hologram works

Figure 2 shows an optical arrangement for making a rainbow hologram.  The object is illuminated with laser light (not shown in the diagram), and an image is formed in the plane of the hologram plate used to record the hologram. A narrow horizontal slit is placed between the object and the lens.  The hologram plate is also illuminated with a reference beam derived from the same laser (not shown in the diagram), and the interference pattern between object and reference beams is recorded.

The developed hologram is illuminated by a beam similar to the original reference beam.  A re-constructed image of the original real image can be seen by an observer located to the right of the hologram.  However, this image will appear as if it is being viewed through the re-constructed slit to the right of the plate.  This means that only a small horizontal section of the image can be seen from any one location, though if the observer changes his/her viewing position, a different part of the object can be seen. If the hologram is illuminated with a laser beam of a different wavelength, the position of the reconstructed image will change.  When the hologram is illuminated with a white light source directed from the left of the hologram plate, each colour re-constructs a different part of the image at a slightly different angle, so that the whole object is now seen, but with the colour varying in the vertical direction.

This hologram is a transmission hologram, where the hologram is illuminated on one side, and viewed from the other.  Illumination and viewing can be done from the same side if the hologram is mounted onto a reflective surface. Mass replication of such holograms can be done using an embossing process. These are used in a wide range of security applications such as credit cards, banknotes and quality merchandise.

References

Reference sources

Hariharan P, 2002, Basics of Holography, Cambridge University Press,

External links 
 Holographic Methods 

Holography
Jezercë

Jezercë ( 'Jezerca') is the highest peak in the Dinaric Alps, the fourth highest in Albania and the sixth highest in the Balkans, standing at  above sea level. It is the 28th most prominent mountain peak in Europe, and is regarded as one of the toughest and most dangerous climbs in the Albanian Alps.

Etymology 
The toponym Jezerca derives from the slavic word jezero, meaning "lake", in reference to the cirque lakes in the lower part of the Buni i Jezercës on the northern side of the mountain. During communist rule, it was given the name Maja e Rinisë (), which never stuck.

Geology 
Jezercë is situated within the Accursed Mountains range, which is noted for several small glaciers - among the southernmost glacial masses in Europe after Snezhnika glacier (latitude of 41°46′09″ N) and Banski Suhodol Glacier in Pirin mountain in Bulgaria. Apart from certain areas north of the peak, the limestone mountain massif is part of the Alps of Albania National Park. It can be climbed from the north; most climbers come from Gusinje in Montenegro as well as from Theth.

The summit is  from the border with Montenegro, between the valleys of Valbonë to the east and the Shala to the west. In part, the whole floor between the valley of Valbonë, Shala, Ropojana and Maja e Roshit  is known as the Jezercë Block. Additionally, Jezercë borders other peaks such as Maja e Popllukës  and Maja e Alies  to the west, Maja a Rragamit  to the east, Maja Kolaj , Maja e Malësores , Maja e Bojës  in the northwest, Maja e Kokërdhakut  and Maja e Etheve  in the north.

Jezerca is a large rocky peak of dolomitic limestone. There is almost no vegetation there. North, east and west of the mountain top is in great cirque from that in the glacial periods when glaciers were more extensive than today. Today the northern cirque is called  Buni i Jezercës at a height of  and  in height around . Because it is located in the wettest region of Europe with around  of rainfall equivalent believed to fall on the western slopes, snowfall is so great that only in dry years do even the less exposed sections melt away.

See also  
 List of mountains in Albania
 List of non-Alpine European Ultras

References

External links 
 archived page from SummitPost.org
 Bericht von einer Ersteigung mit hilfreichen Informationen
Balkan Natural Adventure

Mountains of Albania
Accursed Mountains
Two-thousanders of Albania
Valbonë Valley National Park
Matt Kata

Matthew John Kata (born March 14, 1978) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Philadelphia Phillies, Texas Rangers, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Houston Astros.

Career
Kata graduated from St. Ignatius High School in Cleveland, Ohio in 1996 and attended college at Vanderbilt University. In 1997 and 1998, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Chatham A's of the Cape Cod Baseball League. He was selected by Arizona in the ninth round of the 1999 Major League Baseball Draft and made his major league debut for the Diamondbacks June 15, . He also played briefly for the Philadelphia Phillies in , and Texas Rangers in .

Along with Robby Hammock, Alex Cintrón and Brandon Webb, he was one of the "Baby Backs" who were called up when a surge of injuries hit Diamondbacks veteran players in 2003. The Baby Backs were popular and contributed to a winning season, but ultimately failed to make the playoffs.

Kata was signed to a minor league contract by the Texas Rangers in November 2006
and was a non-roster invitee to their 2007 spring training camp. He earned a spot on the team's opening day roster as a utility player.
He appeared in 31 games for Texas, batting .186, before he was designated for assignment June 5 when the Rangers activated pitcher John Rheinecker and infielder/outfielder Jerry Hairston Jr. from the disabled list.
After clearing waivers, he signed a minor league contract with Pittsburgh on June 15 and was recalled by the Pirates June 30. Kata became a free agent after the season.

On December 21, 2007, the Colorado Rockies signed Kata to a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training. Kata did not make the team and opted for free agency.

On March 30, , Kata rejoined the Pittsburgh Pirates organization by signing a minor league contract. He became a free agent at the end of the season and signed a minor league contract with the Houston Astros, and appeared in 40 games for the Astros in 2009; he spent the entire 2010 season with their Triple–A affiliate, the Round Rock Express.

Kata signed a minor-league contract with the Texas Rangers on January 13, 2011. He played for their Pacific Coast League affiliate, which was also Round Rock, as the Express became the Rangers' Triple–A club prior to the 2011 season.

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
People from Fairview Park, Ohio
Major League Baseball second basemen
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Texas Rangers players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Houston Astros players
South Bend Silver Hawks players
El Paso Diablos players
Lancaster JetHawks players
Tucson Sidewinders players
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons players
Louisville Bats players
Indianapolis Indians players
Round Rock Express players
Saint Ignatius High School (Cleveland) alumni
Vanderbilt Commodores baseball players
Chatham Anglers players
Baseball players from Cuyahoga County, Ohio
American people of Polish descent