September 22



Events

Up to 1900 
 66  Emperor Nero creates the legion I Italica.
 904  The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong of Tong, the second-last Emperor of China's Tang Dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
 1236  Lithuanians and Semigallians beat Livonian Brothers of the Sword in Battle of Siauliai
 1499  Treaty of Basel: Switzerland becomes an independent state.
 1503  Pope Pius III becomes Pope, though his reign only lasts for 27 days.
 1598  English playwright Ben Jonson is indicted for manslaughter.
 1692  Last people hanged for witchcraft in the United States.
 1761  George III of Great Britain and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are crowned.
 1776  Nathan Hale is hanged for spying during American Revolution.
 1784  Russia establishes a colony at Kodiak, Alaska.
 1789  Position of United States Postmaster General established.
 1823  Mormon leader Joseph Smith, Jr. stated that he found the Golden Plates on this date, being directed by God through the Angel Moroni to the place where they were buried.
 1857  Russian warship Lefort capsizes and sinks in the Gulf of Finland, killing all 806 people on board.
 1862  A preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.
 1864  American Civil War: End of the Battle of Fishers Hill.
 1869  Richard Wagner's opera Das Rheingold debuts in Munich.
 1877  French astronomer Edouard Jean-Marie Stephan discovers five galaxies, that together are now known as the "Stephan Quintet".
 1888  The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published.
 1893  The first American-built automobile, built by the Duryea Brothers, is displayed.
 1896  Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather, King George III, as the longest-reigning monarch in British history. Elizabeth II beats her record on September 9, 2015.

1901  2000 
 1908  Independence of Bulgaria recognised.
 1910  The Duke of York's Picture House opens in Brighton, now the oldest continually operating cinema in the United Kingdom.
 1914  German submarine 5M U-9 torpedoes and sinks British cruisers HMS Aboukir, HMS Hague and HMS Cressy on the Broad Fourteens off the Dutch coast with the loss of 1,400 men and boys.
 1919  The Steel Strike of 1919 begins in Pennsylvania, later spreading across the United States.
 1927  Jack Dempsey loses the "Long Count" boxing match to Gene Tunney.
 1934  An explosion occurs at Gresford Colliery in Wales, killing 266 miners and rescuers.
 1937  Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.
 1941  Holocaust: On Yom Kippur, Jewish New Year, SS officers murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine.
 1949  Soviet Union detonates its first nuclear weapon.
 1951  The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
 1955  UK television channel ITV begins broadcasting.
 1957  Francois Duvalier (Papa Doc) is elected President of Haiti. Establishing a one-party state, he remains in power until his death in 1971, when his son takes over.
 1960  Mali gains independence from France.
 1961  The Peace Corps is formed.
 1964  The musical Fiddler on the Roof has its first performance on Broadway in New York City.
 1965  The war between India and Pakistan over Kashmir ends after the UN calls for a cease-fire.
 1968  The move of the Abu Simbel temple ruins in Egypt is completed, in order to make way for Lake Nasser.
 1970  Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia.
 1975  Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate President Gerald Ford.
 1979  The South Atlantic Flash is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.
 1980  Iraq invades Iran.
 1985  The Farm Aid concert takes place in Champaign, Illinois.
 1985  The Plaza Accord was signed in New York City.
 1990  Start of the 1990 Asian Games, held in Beijing.
 1991  The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time, by the Huntington Library.
 1993  A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
 1993  A barge strikes a railroad bridge near Mobile, Alabama, killing 47 people.
 1994  The first episode of Friends aired on NBC.
 1995  The Nagercovil School Bombing is carried out by Sri Lankan Air Force, killing at least 24 people, most of them ethnic Tamil children.
 1997  Bentalha massacre in Algeria; over 200 villagers are killed.

From 2001 
 2002  German Bundestag election: incumbent Chancellor of Germany Gerhard Schröder narrowly defeats Edmund Stoiber.
 2003  David Hempleman-Adams becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic Ocean in an open-air, wicker-basket hot air balloon.
 2013  A bomb attack on a church in Peshawar, Pakistan, kills at least 70 people.
 2013  Angela Merkel is elected to a third term as Chancellor of Germany, after the CDU/CSU scored around 42%. Her coalition partners, the Free Democrats (FDP), are voted out of the Bundestag.
 2014  Ewa Kopacz becomes Prime Minister of Poland, replacing Donald Tusk, who resigned to take up his post as President of the European Council.
 2016  Yahoo! confirms that hackers entered its network in late 2014 and stole information connected to at least 500 million user accounts, in the largest data breach reported to date.

Births

Up to 1900 
 1515  Anne of Cleves, wife of Henry VIII of England (d. 1557).
 1547  Philipp Nicodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (d. 1590).
 1552  Vasili IV of Russia (d. 1612).
 1601  Anne of Austria, Queen Consort of Louis XIII of France (d. 1666).
 1606  Li Zecheng, Chinese Emperor (d. 1645).
 1694  Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield, English statesman (d. 1773).
 1715  Jean-Etienne Guettard, French physician and scientist (d. 1786).
 1717  Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin, Swedish astronomer (d. 1783).
 1741  Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist (d. 1811).
 1762  Elizabeth Simcoe, English-Canadian painter and author (d. 1850).
 1765  Paolo Ruffini, Italian mathematician (d. 1822).
 1791  Michael Faraday, English scientist (d. 1867).
 1829  Tu Duc, Vietnamese Emperor (d. 1883).
 1835  Alexander Potebnja, Ukrainian philosopher and linguist (d. 1891).
 1841  Andrejs Pumpurs, Latvian poet (d. 1902).
 1842  Abdul Hamid II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1918).
 1863  Alexandre Yersin, Swiss-French physician (d. 1943).
 1868  Louise McKinney, Canadian politician and activist (d. 1931).
 1870  Charlotte Cooper, British tennis player (d. 1966).
 1870  Arthur Pryor, American trombone player, composer and bandleader (d. 1942).
 1875  Mikolajus Konstantinas Ciurlionis, Lithuanian painter and composer (d. 1911).
 1876  André Tardieu, 97th Prime Minister of France (d. 1945).
 1878  Shigeru Yoshida, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1967).
 1880  Christabel Pankhurst, British suffragette (d. 1958).
 1882  Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal (d. 1946).
 1885  Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1951).
 1885  Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect (d. 1940).
 1885  Erich von Stroheim, Austrian-American actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1957).
 1887  Bhaurao Patil, Indian educator and activist (d. 1959).
 1891  Hans Albers, German actor and singer (d. 1960).
 1892  Billy West, American actor (d. 1975).
 1896  Uri Zvi Grinberg, Israeli poet and journalist (d. 1981).
 1896  Henry Segrave, British racing driver (d. 1930).
 1898  Katharine Alexander, American actress and singer (d. 1981).

1901  1950 
 1901  Charles B. Huggins, Canadian scientist (d. 1997).
 1901  Nadezhda Alliluyeva, second wife of Joseph Stalin (d. 1932).
 1902  John Houseman, Romanian-American actor and producer (d. 1988).
 1902  José Quintero Parra, Venezuelan cardinal (d. 1984).
 1904  Ellen Church, American flight attendant (d. 1965).
 1905  Haakon Lie, Norwegian politician (d. 2009).
 1905  Eugen Saenger, Austrian aerospace engineer (d. 1964).
 1906  Ilse Koch, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1967).
 1912  Martha Scott, American actress (d. 2003).
 1918  Hans Scholl, German activist (d. 1943).
 1918  Henryk Szeryng, Polish-Mexican violinist and composer (d. 1988).
 1920  Eric Baker, English activist (d. 1976).
 1922  David Sive, American attorney and environmentalist (d. 2014).
 1922  Chen Ning Yang, Chinese physicist.
 1923  Dannie Abse, Welsh poet (d. 2014).
 1924  Rosamunde Pilcher, English novelist (d. 2019).
 1924  Charles Waterhouse, American painter, sculptor and illustrator (d. 2013).
 1925  Virginia Capers, American actress and singer (d. 2001).
 1927  Tommy Lasorda, American baseball player and manager.
 1930  Joni James, American singer.
 1930  Antonio Saura, Spanish artist (d. 1998).
 1931  Ashokamitran, Indian writer (d. 2017).
 1931  Fay Weldon, English feminist and writer.
 1931  George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger, Scottish politician (d. 2003).
 1932  Algirdas Brazauskas, President of Lithuania (d. 2010).
 1932  Ingemar Johansson, Swedish boxer (d. 2009).
 1933  Jesco von Puttkamer, German-American engineer (d. 2012).
 1933  Leonardo Balada, Spanish-American composer.
 1934  Ornella Vanoni, Italian actress and singer.
 1939  Junko Tabei, Japanese mountaineer (d. 2016).
 1940  Anna Karina, Danish actress and singer.
 1941  Anna Tomowa-Sintow, Bulgarian soprano.
 1941  Jeremiah Wright, American pastor.
 1942  Candida Lycett Green, English writer (d. 2014).
 1942  Wu Ma, Hong Kong actor, director, producer and writer (d. 2014)
 1942  David Stern, American lawyer and NBA commissioner.
 1943  Toni Basil, American singer.
 1946  King Sunny Ade, Nigerian singer.
 1948  Denis Burke, Australian politician, 6th Chief Minister of the Northern Territory.

1951  1975 
 1951  David Coverdale, English singer-songwriter.
 1952  Sukhumbhand Paribatra, 15th Governor of Bangkok.
 1952  Richard Fairbrass, English presenter, bassist and singer (Right Said Fred).
 1953  Ségolène Royal, French politician.
 1954  Shari Belafonte, American singer, actress and model.
 1954  Randy Lanier, American racing driver.
 1956  Debby Boone, American actress.
 1957  Nick Cave, Australian musician.
 1958  Eddy Planckaert, Belgian cyclist.
 1958  Andrea Bocelli, Italian operatic tenor.
 1958  Joan Jett, American rock singer.
 1959  Saul Perlmutter, American astrophysicist and Nobel Prize winner.
 1959  Tai Babilonia, American figure skater and talk show host.
 1960  Scott Baio, American actor.
 1961  Bonnie Hunt, American actress.
 1961  Liam Fox, British politician.
 1961  Catherine Oxenberg, American actress.
 1962  Martin Crowe, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2016).
 1965  Tony Drago, Maltese snooker player.
 1965  Robert Satcher, American astronaut.
 1965  Andrii Deschchytsia, Ukrainian politician and diplomat.
 1965  Dan Rucatinsky, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter.
 1966  Ruth Jones, Welsh actress, producer and screenwriter.
 1967  Rickard Rydell, Swedish racing driver.
 1969  Sue Perkins, English comedienne.
 1970  Rupert Penry-Jones, English actor.
 1970  Emmanuel Petit, French footballer.
 1971  Princess Martha-Louise of Norway, Princess of Norway.
 1971  Chesney Hawkes, English singer.
 1972  Marcus Campbell, Scottish snooker player.
 1973  Yoo Chae-yeong, South Korean singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2014).
 1975  Mireille Enos, American actress.

From 1976 
 1976  Ronaldo, Brazilian footballer.
 1976  Xiao Huang-Chi, Taiwanese singer-songwriter and Paralympic judoka.
 1976  Martin Solveig, French DJ and music producer.
 1976  Mo Collins, American football player (d. 2014).
 1978  Harry Kewell, Australian footballer.
 1979  Roberto Saviano, Italian journalist and writer.
 1979  Emilie Autumn, American singer and musician.
 1982  Kosuke Kitajima, Japanese swimmer.
 1982  Billie Piper, English singer and actress.
 1982  Maarten Stekelenburg, Dutch footballer.
 1983  William Farquarson, English bass guitarist.
 1984  Godfrey Gao, Taiwanese-Canadian model and actor (d. 2019).
 1984  Ross Jarman, British musician.
 1984  Thiago Silva, Brazilian footballer.
 1984  Laura Vandervoort, Canadian actress.
 1985  Jamie Mackie, Scottish footballer.
 1987  Tom Felton, English actor.
 1987  Derick Brassard, Canadian ice hockey player.
 1988  Bethany Dillon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist.
 1989  Kim Hyo-yeon, South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)
 1989  Sabine Lisicki, German tennis player.
 1989  Coeur de pirate, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist.
 1993  Chase Ellison, American actor.
 1994  Jr., South Korean singer, dancer and actor
 1996  Anthoine Hubert, French racing driver (d. 2019)
 1999  Kim Yoo-jung, South Korean actress

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 530  Pope Felix IV
 904  Emperor Zhaozong of Tong of China.
 1072  Ouyang Xiu, Chinese statesman (b. 1007).
 1253  Dogen Zenji, Japanese Zen Buddhist (b. 1200)
 1253  (or September 23) Wenceslas I, King of Bohemia
 1345  Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Leicester (b. 1281)
 1520  Selim I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1465)
 1539  Guru Nanak, founder of Sikhism (b. 1469)
 1554  Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Spanish explorer (b. c. 1510)
 1566  Johannes Agricola, German Protestant reformer (b. 1494)
 1607  Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (b. 1535)
 1703  Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and physicist (b. 1622)
 1774  Pope Clement XIV (b. 1705)
 1776  Nathan Hale, American soldier (b. 1755)
 1777  John Bartram, American botanist (b. 1699)
 1826  Johann Peter Hebel, German poet (b. 1760)
 1828  Shaka Zulu, Zulu leader (b. c. 1787)
 1848  James Dunlop, Scottish astronomer (b. 1793)
 1852  William Tierney Clark, civil engineer (b. 1783)
 1872  Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (b. 1801)
 1873  Friedrich Frey-Herosé, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1801)
 1881  Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (b. 1831)

1901  2000 
 1913  Ton That Thuyet, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1839)
 1914  Alain-Fournier, French writer (b. 1886).
 1952  Kaarlo Juho Stahlberg, first President of Finland (b. 1865)
 1956  Frederick Soddy, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
 1957  Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
 1961  Marion Davies, actress (b. 1897)
 1967  Harald Quandt, German industrialist (b. 1921)
 1969  Adolfo López Mateos, President of Mexico (b. 1909)
 1973  Paul van Zeeland, Belgian economist and politician (b. 1893)
 1981  Harry Warren, American composer and songwriter (b. 1893)
 1985  Ernest Nagel, Czech-American philosopher (b. 1901)
 1987  Dan Rowan, actor, comedian (b. 1922)
 1987  Hakun Djurhuus, 4th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1908)
 1989  Irving Berlin, American songwriter (b. 1888)
 1993  Maurice Abravanel, Greek-born conductor (b. 1903)
 1994  Leonard Feather, British-born jazz pianist, composer and producer (b. 1914).
 1996  Dorothy Lamour, American actress (b. 1914)
 1996  Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani, Prime Minister of Algeria (b. 1927)
 1999  George C. Scott, actor (b. 1927)
 2000  Vincenzo Fagiolo, Italian cardinal (b. 1918)

From 2001 
 2001  Isaac Stern, Ukrainian violinist (b. 1920)
 2003  Wolfgang Peters, German footballer (b. 1929)
 2003  Gordon Jump, American television actor (b. 1932)
 2003  Hugo Young, British journalist (b. 1938)
 2007  Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (b. 1923)
 2008  Thomas Dörflein, German zookeeper (b. 1963)
 2010  Eddie Fisher, American singer (b. 1928)
 2011  Aristides Pereira, 1st President of Cape Verde (b. 1923)
 2011  Knut Steen, Norwegian sculptor (b. 1924)
 2013  Alvaro Mutis, Colombian writer (b. 1923)
 2014  Sahana Pradhan, Nepalese politician (b. 1927).
 2014  Flor Van Noppen, Belgian politician (b. 1956).
 2014  Samira Salih al-Nuaimi, Iraqi lawyer and human rights activist (b. 1963).
 2014  Hasse Wallman, Swedish entertainment executive, composer and film director (b. 1936).
 2014  Skip E. Lowe, American talk show host (b. 1929).
 2014  Erik van der Wurff, Dutch pianist and composer (b. 1945).
 2014  Ben Webb, New Zealand artist (b. 1976).
 2015  Yogi Berra, American baseball player, coach and manager (b. 1925).
 2015  James David Santini, American politician (b. 1937).
 2015  Richard G. Scott, American apostle of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1928)
 2015  Phyllis Tickle, American religious author (b. 1934)
 2016  Kjell Albin Abrahamson, Swedish journalist and author (b. 1945)
 2017  Paavo Lonkila, Finnish cross-country skier (b. 1923)
 2017  Mohammed Mahdi Akef, Egyptian religious and political leader, former Head of the Muslim Brotherhood (b. 1928)
 2017  Börje Vestlund, Swedish politician (b. 1960)
 2017  Dunc Fisher, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1927)
 2017  Shmuel Moreh, Iraqi-born Israel writer (b. 1932)
 2018  Avi Duan, Israeli politician (b. 1955)
 2018  Chas Hodges, English musician (b. 1943)
 2018  Bob Lienhard, American basketball player (b. 1948)
 2018  Al Matthews, American actor and singer (b. 1942)
 2018  Edna Molewa, South African politician (b. 1957)
 2018  Eric Yarrow, American businessman (b. 1920)
 2019  Harry Joseph Flynn, American Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1933)
 2019  Ivan Kizimov, Russian equestrian (b. 1928)
 2019  J. Michael Mendel, American television producer (b. 1964)
 2019  Tom Polanic, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1943)
 2019  Sándor Sára, Hungarian cinematographer and film director (b. 1933)

Observances 
 Independence Day in Mali and Bulgaria
 September Equinox in some years (Autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and Spring in the Southern Hemisphere)
 Car-free Day

Days of the year