June 23



Events

Up to 1900 
 229  Sun Quan declares himself Chinese Emperor of the Wu Dynasty.
 1280  The Emirate of Granada defeats the Kingdom of Castile in the Battle of Moclin.
 1295  Pope Boniface VIII enters Rome.
 1305  Flemish-French peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
 1314  Start of the Battle of Bannockburn south of Stirling, Edward II of England and Robert I of Scotland met in battle. Scotland won and Edward fled the field and Scotland.
 1532  Henry VIII & François I sign secret treaty against Emperor Charles V.
 1611  The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson's fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in the Atlantic Ocean; they are never heard from again.
 1661  Marriage contract between Charles II of England and Catharina of Portugal.
 1683  William Penn signs friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Native Americans in Pennsylvania.
 1713  French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia, Canada. 
 1724  Russia and Turkey sign Treaty of Constantinople.
 1757  Battle of Plassey – 3000 British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000 strong Indian army under Siraj-ud-Dawlah at Plassey.
 1758  Seven Years War: Battle of Krefeld – British forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
 1760  Seven Years War: Battle of Landshut – Austria beats Prussia.
 1794  Empress Catherine II grants Jews permission to settle in Kyiv.
 1810  John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
 1812  War of 1812: The United Kingdom removes the restrictions on American commerce, therefore eliminating one of the chief reasons for going to war.
 1848  Beginning of the June Days Uprising in Paris.
 1858  Six-year-old Edgardo Mortara is seized by Papal authorities.
 1860  The US Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
 1865  American Civil War: At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory Confederate General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant rebel army.
 1868  Christopher Latham Sholes receives a patent for the typewriter.
 1887  The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first national park, Banff National Park.
 1888  Frederick Douglass is the first African-American nominated for US president.
 1894  International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
 1897  The first women's international chess tournament begins in London.

1901  2000 
 1913  Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.
 1914  Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta
 1915  First wholesale slaughter of Armenian men in Harput (Kharpert), Turkey.
 1919  Estonian War of Independence: Decisive defeat of the "Baltische Landswehr" in the Battle of Cesis.
 1924  German serial killer Fritz Haarmann is captured.
 1925  Mount Logan, Canada's highest peak at 5959 metres above sea level, in the Yukon, is climbed for the first time, by a team of 6 climbers, led by Albert MacCarthy.
 1931  Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to accomplish the first round-the-world flight in a single-engine plane.  
 1938  The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
 1938  Marineland opens near St. Augustine, Florida.
 1940  World War II: German leader Adolf Hitler surveys newly defeated Paris in now-occupied France.
 1941  Lithuanian Activist Front declares independence (June independence) of Lithuania from Soviet Union; it was only brief however as Nazis occupied Lithuania a few weeks later.
 1942  Holocaust: The first selections for the gas chamber at Auschwitz take place, on a train full of Jews from Paris.
 1943  World War II: British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Asciangihi in the Mediterranean Sea, after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
 1944  Thomas Mann becomes a US citizen.
 1946  An earthquake strikes Vancouver Island.
 1947  The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.
 1956  Gamal Abdel Nasser elected president of Egypt.
 1958  The Dutch Reformed Church accepts women ministers.
 1959  Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany (where he resumed a scientific career).
 1959  A fire in a resort hotel in Stalheim, Norway kills 34 people.
 1960  Japan signs security treaty with the U.S.
 1961  Having been signed on December 1, 1959, the Antarctic Treaty goes into effect.
 1967  Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
 1968  74 are killed and 150 injured in a soccer stampede towards a closed exit in a Buenos Aires stadium.
 1969  Warren E. Burger is sworn in as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring chief Earl Warren.
 1972  Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
 1974  In Switzerland, the Canton of Jura separates from the Canton of Bern.
 1979  Sydney: New South Wales Premier Neville Wran officially opens the Eastern Suburbs Railway. It operates as a shuttle between Central & Bondi Junction until full integration with the Illawarra Line during 1980.
 1983  Pope John Paul II meets imprisoned Solidarity leader Lech Walesa in Poland.
 1985  A Boeing 747 carrying Air India Flight 182 blew up at 31,000 feet (9500 m) above the Atlantic Ocean, South of Ireland, killing all 329 aboard.
 1989  The movie Batman is released in the United States.
 1990  Moldova declares independence.
 1992  Mafia boss John Gotti is sentenced to life in prison after being found guilty of conspiracy to commit murder and racketeering on April 2.
 1992  Yitzhak Rabin wins the Israeli parliamentary elections.
 2000  A ferry sinks on the Yangtze river, near Luzhou, in China's Sichuan province, killing 131 people.

From 2001 
 2001  A magnitude 8.4 earthquake strikes off the coast of Peru.
 2006  Harriet the tortoise dies as one of the world's oldest living creatures, aged around 176 years.
 2013  Nik Wallenda becomes the first man to successfully walk across the Grand Canyon on a tightrope.
 2013  The health of former South African President Nelson Mandela is first reported to be in a "critical" state.
 2014  Three journalists working for Al-Jazeera are sentenced to prison in Egypt on accusations of supporting the Muslim Brotherhood.
 2016  The Colombian government and FARC guerrillas sign a peace treaty.
 2016  United Kingdom European Union membership referendum: A majority (51.9%) vote to leave the European Union, making the United Kingdom the first independent country to do so. Majorities in Scotland, Northern Ireland and London all vote to remain.
 2018  Thousands of people protest in Central London against Brexit, two years to the day of the United Kingdom's narrow-majority vote to leave the European Union.
 2018  A bomb is detonated at a political rally attended by Zimbabwean President Emmerson Mnangagwa, in what is considered as an attempt to kill him.
 2018  Tham Luang cave rescue: 12 boys and their assistant football coach get stuck in the Tham Luang cave in northern Thailand; they are discovered alive on July 2, with the internationally followed rescue being completed on July 10.
 2019  Ekrem Imamoglu wins the re-run of the mayoral election in Istanbul, Turkey's largest city; he defeats Binali Yildirim, who was formerly Prime minister of Turkey in Recep Tayyip Erdogan's AK Party.

Births

Up to 1900 
 47 BC  Ptolemy Caesarion of Egypt (d. 30 BC)
 1373  Queen Joan II of Naples (d. 1435)
 1435  Francis II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1488)
 1456  Margaret of Denmark, Queen Consort of Scotland (d. 1486)
 1534  Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (d. 1582)
 1612  André Tacquet, Flemish mathematician (d. 1660)
 1668  Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (d. 1744)
 1703  Marie Leszczynska, Queen Consort of France (d. 1768)
 1711  Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, Italian instrument maker (d. 1786)
 1763  Joséphine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (d. 1814)
 1772  Cristobal Mendoza, 1st President of Venezuela (d. 1829)
 1800  Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (d. 1846)
 1815  Robert Milligan McLane, American politician and diplomat (d. 1898)
 1824  Carl Reinecke, German musician and composer (d. 1910)
 1863  Sándor Bródy, Hungarian author and journalist (d. 1924)
 1875  Carl Milles, Swedish sculptor (d. 1955)
 1875  Norman Pritchard, Indian athlete (d. 1929)
 1884  Cyclone Taylor, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1979)
 1887  Ernst Rowohlt, German publisher (d. 1960)
 1888  Bronson M. Cutting, American politician (d. 1935)
 1888  Lee Moran, American actor (d. 1961)
 1889  Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (d. 1966)
 1894  King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (d. 1972)
 1894  Alfred Kinsey, American entomologist and sexologist (d. 1956)
 1897  Alexandru Giugaru, Romanian actor (d. 1986)

1901  1950 
 1906  King Tribhuvan of Nepal (d. 1955)
 1907  James Meade, English economist (d. 1995)
 1909  Georges Rouquier, French actor, movie director and screenwriter (d. 1989)
 1910  Milt Hinton, American jazz musician (d. 1990)
 1910  Jean Anouilh, French dramatist (d. 1987)
 1910  Gordon B. Hinckley, American Mormon leader (d. 2008)
 1912  Alan Turing, British mathematician (d. 1954)
 1913  William P. Rogers, American politician (d. 2001)
 1916  Ernst Willimowski, Polish footballer (d. 1987)
 1919  Hermann Gmeiner, founder of SOS Children's Villages (d. 1986)
 1919  Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian political leader (d. 1992)
 1923  Johnny Barnes, Bermudian entertainer (d. 2016)
 1923  Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian Resistance activist (d. 1945)
 1923  Walter Wolfgang, German-British socialist and peace activist (d. 2019)
 1925  John Shepherd-Barron, Scottish inventor (d. 2010)
 1925  Art Modell, American businessman (d. 2012)
 1925  Oliver Smithies, British-American geneticist (d. 2017)
 1926  Arnaldo Pomodoro, Italian sculptor
 1927  Bob Fosse, American choreographer (d. 1987)
 1928  Klaus von Dohnanyi, former Mayor of Hamburg
 1929  June Carter Cash, American singer (d. 2003)
 1930  Donn F. Eisele, American colonel, pilot and astronaut (d. 1987)
 1931  Ola Ullsten, former Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 2018)
 1931  Gunnar Uusi, Estonian chess player (d. 1981)
 1935  Maurice Ferré, 32nd Mayor of Miami, Florida
 1936  Richard Bach, American writer and pilot
 1936  Jan Hoet, Belgian art historian (d. 2014)
 1936  Costas Simitis, former Prime Minister of Greece
 1937  Martti Ahtisaari, former President of Finland
 1940  Stuart Sutcliffe, British musician (d. 1962)
 1940  Wilma Rudolph, American runner (d. 1994)
 1940  Adam Faith, English singer and actor (d. 2003)
 1940  Derry Irvine, Scottish lawyer, judge and politician
 1940  Willie Wallace, Scottish footballer
 1942  Martin Rees, English cosmologist and astrophysicist
 1943  Albert Pintat, former Prime Minister of Andorra
 1943  James Levine, American conductor
 1943  Vint Cerf, American computer scientist and author
 1945  John Garang, South Sudanese politician (d. 2005)
 1948  Clarence Thomas, American jurist
 1948  Nabarun Bhattacharya, Indian author (d. 2015)
 1950  Orani Joao Tempesta, Brazilian cardinal

1951  1975 
 1951  Michèle Mouton, French rally driver
 1951  Sergei Skripal, Russian double-agent
 1953  Armen Sarkissian, former Prime Minister and current President of Armenia
 1955  Maggie Philbin, English television and radio presenter
 1955  Jean Tigana, French footballer
 1956  Randy Jackson, American music producer
 1957  Frances McDormand, American actress
 1957  Jochen Schweizer, German entrepreneur
 1960  Tatsuya Uemura, Japanese musician and programmer
 1960  Donald Harrison, American saxophonist, composer and producer
 1960  Fadil Vokrri, Kosovar footballer (d. 2018)
 1961  Andrea Borella, Italian fencer
 1961  John Nicolson, Scottish politician
 1963  Colin Montgomery, Scottish golfer
 1964  Joss Whedon, American television director and movie director
 1964  Kenji Honnami, Japanese footballer
 1965  Paul Arthurs, British guitarist (Oasis)
 1969  Fernanda Ribeiro, Portuguese athlete
 1970  Yann Tiersen, French musician and songwriter
 1972  Zinedine Zidane, French footballer
 1972  Go Oiwa, Japanese footballer
 1972  Selma Blair, American actress
 1973  Marie N, Latvian singer
 1973  Eisuke Nakanishi, Japanese footballer
 1975  KT Tunstall, Scottish singer
 1975  Shuhei Terada, Japanese footballer

From 1976 
 1976  Patrick Vieira, French footballer
 1976  Emmanuelle Vaugier, Canadian actress, singer, songwriter and model
 1977  Hayden Foxe, Australian footballer
 1977  Miguel Angel Angulo, Spanish footballer
 1977  Jason Mraz, American singer
 1978  Memphis Bleek, American rapper
 1978  Frédéric Leclercq, French singer-songwriter and musician
 1980  Francesca Schiavone, Italian tennis player
 1980  Melissa Rauch, American actress
 1981  Antony Costa, British singer (Blue)
 1982  Derek Boogaard, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
 1983  José Manuel Rojas, Chilean footballer
 1984  Takeshi Matsuda, Japanese swimmer
 1984  Duffy, Welsh singer
 1987  Alessia Filippi, Italian swimmer
 1988  Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast
 1989  Jordan Nolan, Canadian ice hockey player
 1989  Ayana Taketatsu, Japanese voice actress
 1989  Lauren Bennett, British dancer, singer and model
 1989  Billie Kay, American professional wrestler
 1991  Katie Armiger, American singer
 1992  Luiza Galiulina, Uzbek gymnast
 1995  Hao Yun, Chinese swimmer
 1995  Danna Paola, Mexican singer and actress
 2004  Mana Ashida, Japanese actress and singer

Deaths

Up to 2000 
 79  Vespasian, Roman Emperor (b. 9)
 679  Aethelthryth, Queen of Northumbria
 1018  Henry I, Margrave of Austria
 1222  Constance of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1179)
 1516  Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
 1555  Pedro Mascarenhas, Portuguese explorer (b. 1470)
 1565  Dragut, Ottoman general (b. 1485)
 1582  Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military leader (b. 1537)
 1615  Mashita Nagamori, Japanese warlord (b. 1545)
 1677  William Louis, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1647)
 1686  William Coventry, English statesman (b. 1628)
 1691  Suleiman II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1642)
 1707  John Mill, English theologian (b. 1645)
 1779  Mikael Sehul, Ethiopian warlord (b. 1691)
 1806  Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French zoologist and philosopher (b. 1723)
 1832  James Hall, Scottish geologist (b. 1761)
 1836  James Mill, Scottish philosopher and historian (b. 1773)
 1856  Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (b. 1806)
 1881  Matthias Jakob Scheiden, German botanist (b. 1804)
 1891  Wilhelm Eduard Weber, German physicist (b. 1804)
 1893  William Fox, four-times Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1812)
 1893  Theophilus Shepstone, British-South African politician (b. 1817)
 1914  Bhaktivinoda Thakur, Indian philosopher and spiritual reformist (b. 1838)
 1926  Jon Magnusson, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1859)
 1945  Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian Resistance activist (b. 1923)
 1959  Boris Vian, French polymath (b. 1920)
 1970  Roscoe Turner, American aviator (b. 1895)
 1980  Varahagiri Venkata Giri, 4th President of India (b. 1894)
 1980  Sanjay Gandhi, son of Indira Gandhi (b. 1946)
 1981  Zarah Leander, Swedish actress and singer (b. 1907)
 1986  Moses I. Finley, British historian (b. 1912)
 1991  Lea Padovani, Italian movie actress (b. 1920)
 1995  Anatoly Tarasov, Russian ice hockey coach (b. 1918)
 1995  Jonas Salk, American biologist and physician (b. 1914)
 1996  Andreas Papandreou, former Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
 1997  Betty Shabazz, American activist (b. 1934)
 1998  Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish actress (b. 1911)
 1999  Buster Merryfield, English actor (b. 1920)
 2000  Peter Dubovsky, Slovakian footballer (b. 1972)

From 2001 
 2001  Yvonne Dionne, one of the Dionne Quintuplets (b. 1934)
 2001  Corinne Calvet, French actress (b. 1925)
 2006  Aaron Spelling, American TV producer (b. 1923)
 2006  Harriet, Galapagos Tortoise (b. 1830)
 2008  Arthur Chung, former President of Guyana (b. 1918)
 2009  Hanne Hiob, German actress (b. 1923)
 2009  Ed McMahon, American television personality (b. 1923)
 2010  Mohammed Mzali, Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1925)
 2011  Gene Colan, American comic book artist (b. 1926)
 2011  Dennis Marshall, Costa Rican footballer (b. 1985)
 2011  Peter Falk, American actor (b. 1927)
 2012  Alan McDonald, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1963)
 2012  Brigitte Engerer, French pianist (b. 1952)
 2013  Bobby Bland, American singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
 2013  Richard Matheson, American author (b. 1926)
 2014  Steve Viksten, American television writer and voice actor (b. 1960)
 2015  Chris Woodhead, English educationist (b. 1946)
 2015  Helmuth Lohner, Austrian actor and theatre director (b. 1933)
 2015  Dick Van Patten, American actor (b. 1928)
 2015  Harvey Pollack, American sport statistician (b. 1922)
 2015  Thé Lau, Dutch singer and guitarist (b. 1952)
 2015  Magali Noël, French actress and singer (b. 1931)
 2016  James Green, American historian (b. 1944)
 2016  Stanley Mandelstam, American theoretical physicist (b. 1928)
 2016  Ralph Stanley, American musician (b. 1927)
 2017  Saman Kelegama, Sri Lankan economist (b. 1959)
 2017  Tonny van der Linden, Dutch footballer (b. 1932)
 2017  Mr. Pogo, Japanese professional wrestler (b. 1951)
 2017  Gabe Pressman, American journalist (b. 1924)
 2017  Betty Metcalf, American politician (b. 1921)
 2018  Alberto Fouilloux, Chilean footballer (b. 1940)
 2018  Donald Hall, American poet (b. 1928)
 2018  Kim Jong-pil, Prime minister of South Korea (b. 1926)
 2018  Violeta Rivas, Argentine singer and actress (b. 1937)
 2019  Peter Ball, English bishop and convicted sex offender (b. 1932)
 2019  Dave Bartholomew, American musician, bandleader and songwriter (b. 1918)
 2019  Andrey Kharitonov, Russian actor (b. 1959)
 2019  Fernando Roldán, Chilean footballer (b. 1920)
 2019  George Rosenkranz, Hungarian-Mexican chemist (b. 1916)
 2019  Abdul Sattar, Pakistani political scientist and diplomat (b. 1931)

Observances 
 National Day of Luxembourg (Grand Duke's official birthday)
 Saint John's Eve, midsummer celebrations in some Northern Hemisphere countries
 New Year in the Mapuche culture in southern Chile, related to the Southern Hemisphere's Winter solstice
 United Nations Public Service Day
 Victory Day (Estonia)
 Father's Day (Poland, Nicaragua and Uganda)
 Okinawa Memorial Day (after end of Battle of Okinawa)

Days of the year