alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Makhdum Karim

Makhdum Karim or Karim ul-Makhdum was an Arab Sufi Muslim missionary from Arabia who came from Malacca. Makhdum Karim was born in Makdonia, him and the Wali sanga were affiliated with the Kubrawi Hamadani missionaries in the late 14th century. He was a Sufi who brought Islam to the Philippines in 1380, 141 years before Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the country. He established a mosque in Simunul Island, Tawi Tawi, Philippines, known as Sheik Karimal Makdum Mosque which is the oldest mosque in the country.

Commemoration  
On arrival to the Philippines, he built a mosque in Simunul island, Tawi-Tawi. The construction is celebrated annually in the southern Philippines as anniversary of the coming of Makhdum Karim. The celebration offers prayers that commemorate the propagation of Islam in the Philippines.

In 2005, Governor of Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Zaldy Ampatuan has appealed to the Philippine government, Saudi Arabia and other Muslim countries to rehabilitate the mosque and develop it as a religious tourist spot in southern Philippines.

References

Malaysian expatriates in the Philippines
Islam in the Philippines
Muslim missionaries
Year of death unknown
Year of birth unknown
AB Nyköpings Automobilfabrik

AB Nyköpings Automobilfabrik (ANA) founded in 1937 was an automobile manufacturer in Nyköping, Sweden that assembled trucks from Chrysler, DeSoto, Plymouth, Fargo and later also Škoda and Standard and from the mid-1950s also Simca. From 1946 they also sold Piper aircraft. The company was founded as a daughter company of Nordiska Kompaniet. During the 1960s the company distributed Massey Ferguson tractors, developing a modified version of the Ferguson hitch called the Swedish Hitch.

In 1960, the company was bought by SAAB and renamed SAAB-ANA and changed into being a SAAB dealership. In 2013 ANA started selling BMW and Mini and they had since a few years also made police versions of BMW cars and motorcycles. Some production re-emerged when NEVS bought the bankruptcy estate and in 2016 NEVS announced that the brand name Saab would cease.  Hedin bil bought Ana motorcentrum AB 2017 on July 2 and car sales and workshop services continued under the name Trollhättan AB and Hedin bil in Lysekil

See also

References 

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Sweden
Saab
Swedish companies established in 1937
Welsh Alliance League

The Welsh Alliance Football League (formerly the Lock Stock Welsh Alliance Football League, for sponsorship reasons) was a football league formed in 1984, and discontinued in 2020 following the reorganisation of the Welsh football pyramid for the 2020-21 season.

Division 1 was part of the third level of the Welsh football league system in North Wales.

Member clubs for the final 2019–20 season
As confirmation from the league on 25 June 2019.

Division 1

Division 2

Past Champions

References

 
Sports leagues established in 1984
1984 establishments in Wales
Wales
Wales
Sports leagues disestablished in 2020
2020 disestablishments in Wales
Defunct football competitions in Wales
Rodney H. Pardey

Rodney Herm "Rod" Pardey (May 5, 1945 – August 1, 2020) was an American poker player. Pardey was the father of singer/songwriter and former tour manager of The Killers, Ryan Pardey, as well as professional poker player and singer/songwriter Rodney E. Pardey.

Career
In Las Vegas, Pardey primarily played seven-card stud. In the late 1970s David Sklansky ranked Pardey the number one seven-card stud player in the world. By the end of the 1970s, Pardey was regularly playing as high as $1,000-$2,000. When hold'em became popular in the 1980s, Pardey expressed his trouble in adjusting. In May 1995, Pardey played regularly in Los Angeles, California.

His career tournament poker winnings exceed $725,000. He won two World Series of Poker championships, as well as finishing second in the 2015 "Super Seniors" no limit hold'em event.

World Series of Poker Bracelets

Personal life
Rodney was the father of three children: Rodney Erin Pardey, Ryan Joseph Pardey, and Lucynda Laurynne Campbell.

Before becoming a career poker player, Pardey was a professional bowler. In 1977, Pardey bought Skyway Park Bowl in south Seattle with younger brother, David Pardey. Skyway Park Bowl expanded to include a casino in the late 1990s and later hosted PBA tour events, including three visits from ABC.

On August 4, 2020, Pardey's son Rodney Jr. announced in a Facebook post that Rodney Herm Pardey had suffered a major stroke on June 29, 2020, and died due to complications from the stroke on August 1, 2020.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
People from Vincennes, Indiana
American poker players
World Series of Poker bracelet winners
Richard Cruess

Richard Leigh Cruess,  (born December 17, 1929) is a Canadian orthopaedic surgeon and academic.

Born in London, Ontario, he received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Princeton University in 1951 and his Doctor of Medicine degree from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1955. From 1955 to 1962, he did his internship and residency at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal and at the New York Orthopaedic Hospital of Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center. From 1957 to 1959, he served with the Navy Medical Corps of U.S. Naval Reserve with a rank of Lieutenant.

From 1963 to 1968, he was the attending Orthopaedic Surgeon at the Royal Victoria Hospital and from 1968 to 1981 was the Orthopaedic Surgeon-in-Charge. From 1979 to 1981, he was the Assistant Surgeon-in-Chief. From 1970 to 1982, he was also the Surgeon-in-Chief at the Shriners Hospital for Children – Canada in Montreal.

From 1981 to 1995, he was the Dean of the McGill University Faculty of Medicine.

In 1994, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada; he was promoted to Officer in 1999 and to Companion in 2014. In 2003, he was made an Officer of the National Order of Quebec. In 1985, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 2004, he received an honorary degree from Université Laval.

He is married to Sylvia Cruess, an endocrinologist.

References
 

1929 births
Living people
Canadian orthopedic surgeons
Canadian university and college faculty deans
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons alumni
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Academic staff of McGill University
Officers of the National Order of Quebec
Companions of the Order of Canada
People from London, Ontario
Princeton University alumni
Anglophone Quebec people
United States Navy Medical Corps officers
Canadian expatriates in the United States
List of ship decommissionings in 1944

The list of ship decommissionings in 1944 includes a chronological list of all ships decommissioned in 1944.


References 

1944
 Ship decommissionings
Ship
Spa (mineral water)

Spa is a brand of mineral water from Spa, Belgium, and is owned by the Spadel Group. Spa mineral water has been bottled since the end of the 16th century and is very common in Western Europe and especially in the Benelux countries and Germany but is also exported to other parts of the world. Spa Mineral Water is distributed in the UK by Aqua Amore Ltd. Spa mineral water comes from the grounds of the Hautes Fagnes, of which the upper layers exists from heath land and peat.

Spa mineral water is available in bottles of three litres, two litres, one and a half liter, one liter, 75 cl, 50 cl, 30 cl and 25 cl. It is also available in 33 cl cans. There are several types of Spa mineral water.

Variants

The several types of Spa mineral water are instantly recognizable by their color of the label. These labels are blue, red or green.

Spa Reine (Spa blue). It contains no carbonation and has a very low amount of minerals.
Spa Barisart (Spa red). It contains few minerals and some carbonation.
Spa Marie-Henriette. It contains natural carbonation. 
Spa Citron (Spa green). It contains some carbonation and added lemon flavour. 

The water comes from different sources which are characterised by their difference in minerals.

Spa in national culture

The Netherlands
In the Dutch language in the Netherlands, the brand Spa has historically been so pervasive that it has become a generic term for mineral water in . Spa rood () is a generic term for sparkling water, as the label for sparkling Spa is red. Likewise, Spa blauw () is a generic term for still (non-carbonated) mineral water, as the label for non-carbonated Spa is blue.

In a Dutch restaurant, for example, if a customer wishes sparkling mineral water, he will most commonly ask for "Spa rood". Generally, the waiter would not expect that the customer wants Spa brand specifically, nor would the customer expect Spa specifically.

See also
Mineral water

References

External links
Spa.be
Spawater.com 

Bottled water brands
Companies based in Liège Province
Belgian drinks
Belgian brands
Mineral water
Spa, Belgium
Alice Hunt Bartlett Prize

The Alice Hunt Bartlett Prize was awarded by the Poetry Society of London for a collection of poetry.  It is named after Alice Hunt Bartlett who was the American editor of the society's Poetry Review from 1923 to 1949.  The prize was established in 1966.

Winners
 1966: Gavin Bantock for Christ: A Poem in 26 parts and Paul Roche for All Things Considered
 1967: Ted Walker for The Solitaires: Poems 1964-65
 1968: Gael Turnbull for A Trampoline: Poems 1952–64
 1969: Tom Raworth for The Relation Ship 
 1970: Leslie Norris for Ransoms
 1971: Geoffrey Hill for Mercian Hymns
 1972: Paul Evans for February
 1973: Rodney Pybus for In Memoriam Milena
 1974: Allen Fisher for Place and Bill Griffiths for War With Windsor
 1975: Elizabeth Ashworth for A New Confusion
 1976: Lee Harwood for HMS Little Fox and Andrew Crozier for Pleats
 1977: Kit Wright for The Bear Looked Over the Mountain
 1978: John Montague for The Great Cloak
 1979: Simon Lowy for Melusine and the Negredo
 1980: John Whitworth for Unhistorical Fragments
 1981: Thomas McCarthy for The Sorrow Garden and Carol Rumens for Unplayed Music
 1982: Medbh McGuckian for Venus in the Rain and The Flower Master
 1983: David Constantine for Watching for Dolphins
 1984: Alison Fell for Kisses for Mayakovsky and Paul Hyland for The Stubborn Forest
 1985: Vikram Seth for The Humble Administrator's Garden and John Davies for The Visitor's Book
 1986: Helen Dunmore for The Sea Skater
 1987: Sujata Bhatt for Brunizem

See also
List of British literary awards
British poetry
List of poetry awards
List of years in poetry
List of years in literature

References

English literary awards
British poetry awards
Awards established in 1966
1966 establishments in the United Kingdom
Patrick Forge

Patrick Forge (born Ipswich, Suffolk) is a British jazz, jazz-dance and soul music DJ who spent much of the late 1980s and early 1990s DJing alongside Gilles Peterson at the famous Dingwalls club in Camden, North London.

In the 1980s, Patrick worked for Reckless Records in London, and joined the pirate radio station Kiss FM, which obtained a legal license in September 1990. He was also a contributor to the cult black music magazine Soul Underground between 1988 and 1990. He is credited with Trevor Wyatt with the compilation of tracks on the Rebirth of Cool Six CD, released in August 1996 by 4th & Broadway (Island Records).

His show on Kiss 100, The Cosmic Jam from 0100 to 0300 on Sunday nights, used to dovetail with his old colleague Gilles Peterson, who was on BBC Radio 1 from 2300 to 0100. However, Peterson's show has since moved back to its original slot on a Wednesday night, but at a later time, from 0200 to 0400. "The Cosmic Jam" was a two-hour show broadcast on Sunday nights on Mi-Soul.  As of 2019, Forge has a monthly show on NTS radio which is of a similar format to "The Cosmic Jam".

The two DJs play similar styles of music, have played at numerous clubs and also music weekenders. If anything Forge strays more into Latin Jazz styles more than Gilles, but has also been known to drop tracks from Crosby Stills and Nash, Pentangle, America and Ellen McIlwaine.

He is also a member of Brazilian influenced group Da Lata and has worked with or in collaboration with numerous other groups, including Batu, a group from the early to mid 1990s that also featured Da Lata members Christian Franck, Lillian Chachian and contributors such as Oli Savill, among others.  One of Forge's most well known spots is "Brazilian Love Affair" as well as "Sunday Afternoon at Dingwalls", in which Forge on his own, or in collaboration with other DJs perform live sets.

References

Kiss 100 FM page.
Da Lata

British radio DJs
Musicians from Ipswich
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Margaret Shelby

Alma Margaret Reilly (June 16, 1900 – December 21, 1939), known professionally as Margaret Shelby, was an American stage and motion picture actress, daughter of actress Charlotte Shelby, older sister of silent film star Mary Miles Minter, and one of many public figures noted in the scandals which followed the murder of William Desmond Taylor in 1922.

Film career

Born Alma Margaret Reilly (and later also known as Alma M. Fillmore), Shelby was a child actress. Her first Broadway appearance was in Grace Livingston Furniss's play, The Fibber. In 1916 Margaret and Mary, both in their teens, acted together on film in director James Kirkwood's picture Faith.

Although she was seen as pretty and noted for having some talent as an actress, her film career was limited to supporting roles in some of her sister's films. By 1916, both sisters were quite famous and established a widely-publicized "hotel" for stray dogs on the ample grounds of their Santa Barbara, California home.

Her sister left the film industry in 1924, and Margaret took small bit parts in sundry productions.

Personal life
She was briefly married to Hugh Fillmore, but they divorced in 1927. With the coming of sound films in the late 1920s, her career ended. By the late 1930s, Shelby was suffering from both alcoholism and clinical depression. In March 1937, she eloped to Yuma, Arizona with Emmett J. Flynn, but this marriage was annulled two months later.

On June 5, 1937 Shelby filed a lawsuit against her mother alleging financial mismanagement, claiming Charlotte had stolen $48,750 (roughly almost $2 million in 2007 inflation-adjusted terms) from a safety deposit box in a Los Angeles, California bank. A jury awarded her $20,000. On September 13, 1938, she publicly accused her mother of having killed William Desmond Taylor in 1922. Shelby's sister had an unrequited infatuation with Taylor, beginning in 1919.

Death 
Margaret Shelby died following a long illness in 1939, aged 39.

Filmography

See also

Ella Margaret Gibson

References

Notes

Bibliography
Janesville, Wisconsin Daily Gazette, News Notes From Movieland, October 23, 1916, Page 6.
Los Angeles Times, Film Slaying Witness Dies, December 23, 1939, Page 1.

External links

1900 births
1939 deaths
American stage actresses
American silent film actresses
20th-century American actresses
American film actresses
Dalit Bahujan Shramik Union

The Dalit Bahujan Shramik Union (DBSU) is a Dalit-Bahujan civil rights organization and agricultural workers' union locally coordinated from Gandhinagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, South India. It lobbies against violence towards Dalit women. Two of its founders were Paul Diwakar and Annie Namala.

Origins
The DBSU was previously known as the Andhra Pradesh Dalit Bahujan Vyavasaya Vruthidharula Union (APDBVVU).

References

Dalit politics
Movements for civil rights
Social movements in India
John Burton Thompson

John Burton Thompson (December 14, 1810 – January 7, 1874) was a United States Representative and Senator from Kentucky.

Early life

Born near Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Thompson completed preparatory studies and studied law. He was admitted to the bar and practiced in Harrodsburg, becoming the Commonwealth's Attorney.

Political career

Kentucky Legislature
Thompson was elected to the Kentucky Senate in 1829 and served until 1833.  In 1835, Thompson was elected to the Kentucky House of Representatives where he served two, two-year terms.

House of Representatives
In 1840, Thompson was elected as a Whig to the United States House of Representatives to fill the vacancy in Kentucky's 5th District caused by the death of Simeon H. Anderson. He was subsequently reelected in 1842 and served until March 3, 1843. After a time out of Congress, he was again elected to represent the same district, serving this time from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1851. During this time he was chairman of the U.S. House Committee on the Militia.

Lieutenant governor

Thompson was the 14th Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky in 1852.

United States Senate
In 1852, Thompson was elected to the United States Senate as a member of the Know-Nothing party. He served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859.

Death

Thompson died in Harrodsburg and was interred in Spring Hill Cemetery.

References

Notes

1810 births
1874 deaths
People from Harrodsburg, Kentucky
Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky
Kentucky Know Nothings
Know-Nothing United States senators from Kentucky
Lieutenant Governors of Kentucky
Kentucky Commonwealth's Attorneys
Members of the Kentucky House of Representatives
Kentucky state senators
Factorial moment generating function

In probability theory and statistics, the factorial moment generating function (FMGF) of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable X is defined as 

for all complex numbers t for which this expected value exists. This is the case at least for all t on the unit circle , see characteristic function. If X is a discrete random variable taking values only in the set {0,1, ...} of non-negative integers, then  is also called probability-generating function (PGF) of X and  is well-defined at least for all t on the closed unit disk .

The factorial moment generating function generates the factorial moments of the probability distribution.
Provided  exists in a neighbourhood of t = 1, the nth factorial moment is given by 

where the Pochhammer symbol (x)n is the falling factorial

(Many mathematicians, especially in the field of special functions, use the same notation to represent the rising factorial.)

Examples

Poisson distribution
Suppose X has a Poisson distribution with expected value λ, then its factorial moment generating function is

(use the definition of the exponential function) and thus we have

See also
 Moment (mathematics)
 Moment-generating function
 Cumulant-generating function

References

Factorial and binomial topics
Moment (mathematics)
Generating functions
Indigofera suffruticosa

Indigofera suffruticosa, commonly known as Guatemalan indigo, small-leaved indigo (Sierra Leone), West Indian indigo, wild indigo, and anil, is a flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae.

Anil is native to the subtropical and tropical Americas, including the Southern United States, the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America, and South America as far south as northern Argentina. This species has been widely introduced to other parts of the world and today has a pantropical distribution.  It is an erect branching shrub growing to  tall with pinnate leaves, and is commonly found growing in dry, highly disturbed areas such as roadsides and fallow fields.

Anil is commonly used as a source for indigo dye, and if mixed with Palygorskite clays, can produce Maya blue, a pigment used by the Mesoamerican civilizations.

References

suffruticosa
Plant dyes
Flora of the Caribbean
Flora of Central America
Flora of Mexico
Flora of Southern America
Flora of the Southeastern United States
Flora of Texas
Plants described in 1768
Natural history of Mesoamerica
Pantropical flora
Taxa named by Philip Miller
Flora without expected TNC conservation status
Tatoosh (yacht)

Tatoosh is a  private yacht owned by the estate of Paul Allen. 

She is currently the world's 60th largest superyacht.

History
Originally built for mobile phone magnate Craig McCaw, Tatoosh was built at Rendsburg in Germany by Nobiskrug and completed in June 2000.  Design and Construction by Kusch Yachts. It was purchased by Paul Allen in 2001 at a reported cost of $100 million.

Tatoosh was hired for £400,000 by Teodorín Nguema Obiang, the son of Equatorial Guinean president Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, for a Christmas cruise when he entertained rap singer Eve.

In May 2010, Tatoosh was listed for sale with Fraser Yachts, listed at . The listing was withdrawn in 2014 after failing to attract a buyer. In June 2021, she was again on the market, this time listed at .

In January 2016,  Tatoosh destroyed 14,000 square feet of coral reef in the West Bay replenishment zone in the Cayman Islands according to officials. The owners of the Tatoosh released a statement that the mooring location was explicitly directed by the local port authority.

Features
Tatoosh's features include:

Five decks;
a master suite, a saloon and other rooms on the top deck;
a saloon with a French limestone fireplace, a dining area, staterooms and a ladies' powder room on the main deck;
a shaded  deep swimming pool with adjustable floor in depth, located aft on the main deck beneath a full overhang;
a movie theatre;
facilities to transport two helicopters on the top two decks;
custom  power and sailboats
beach club with dive center

References

Motor yachts
Ships built in Rendsburg
2000 ships
Abrikosov vortex

In superconductivity, a fluxon (also called an Abrikosov vortex or quantum vortex) is a vortex of supercurrent in a type-II superconductor, used by  Alexei Abrikosov to explain magnetic behavior of type-II superconductors. Abrikosov vortices occur generically in the Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity.

Overview
The solution is a combination of fluxon solution by Fritz London, combined with a concept of core of quantum  vortex by Lars Onsager.

In the quantum vortex, supercurrent circulates around the normal (i.e. non-superconducting) core of the vortex. The core has a size  — the superconducting coherence length (parameter of a Ginzburg–Landau theory). The supercurrents decay on the distance about  (London penetration depth) from the core. Note that in type-II superconductors . The circulating supercurrents induce magnetic fields with the total flux equal to a single flux quantum . Therefore, an Abrikosov vortex is often called a fluxon.

The magnetic field distribution of a single vortex far from its core can be described by the same equation as in the London's fluxoid   

where  is a zeroth-order Bessel function. Note that, according to the above formula, at  the magnetic field , i.e. logarithmically diverges. In reality, for  the field is simply given by

where κ = λ/ξ is known as the Ginzburg–Landau parameter, which must be  in type-II superconductors.

Abrikosov vortices can be trapped in a type-II superconductor by chance, on defects, etc. Even if initially type-II superconductor contains no vortices, and one applies a magnetic field  larger than the lower critical field  (but smaller than the upper critical field ), the field penetrates into superconductor in terms of Abrikosov vortices. Each vortex obeys London's magnetic flux quantization and carries one quantum of magnetic flux . Abrikosov vortices form a lattice, usually triangular, with the average vortex density (flux density) approximately equal to the externally applied magnetic field. As with other lattices, defects may form as dislocations.

See also

 Macroscopic quantum phenomena
 Nielsen–Olesen vortex

References

Superconductivity
Vortices
Democratic Front of Chad

The Democratic Front of Chad (Front Démocratique du Tchad or FDT) was a Chadian political party active in the 1980s.

A coalition of four pre-existing groups formed in Paris in 1985 in opposition to both opposition leader Goukouni Oueddei and President Hissène Habré, and dominated by southern Chadians, it was led by the general Negue Djogo. Among its members was the future Prime Minister Jean Alingué Bawoyeu. The FDT, which boasted that it was supported by the United States and France, accused Habré's government of genocide for its massacres in the south, and it supported the Codos' insurgency.

At the end of 1985 the group participated with Alphonse Kotiga's Codos and Acheikh ibn Oumar's CAC-CDR at peace talks with Habré at Libreville in Gabon under the patronage of Omar Bongo. The talks were successful, and on December 23 Djogo signed a peace accord which sanctioned the entrance of the FDT in the government; Djogo was to become Minister of Justice, while other two party leaders  were to be made minister of finance and minister of culture, youth, and sports. The accord also tried to fix a deadline for the adoption of a democratic constitution, and this party's goal was reasserted in a press conference on March 4, 1986, when Djogo stated that the FDT saw as the sole solution to Chad's crisis a return to democratic institutions. But in truth the FDT was rapidly co-opted in the sole legal party, Habré's National Union for Independence and Revolution (UNIR), of which Djogo became a member of the Central Committee in 1989.

Defunct political parties in Chad
1980s in Chad
Mu Ko Phetra National Park

Mu Ko Phetra is a marine national park in the Strait of Malacca off Thailand, covering mostly intact coastal line, open water, and about 30 islands of the southern part of Trang Province and the northern part of Satun Province. Established on 31 December 1984, it is the 49th national park and 14th marine national park of Thailand.

The majority of the park, about 94.74% or  out of  is open water. The two largest islands of the park are Ko Phetra () and Ko Khao Yai (). Several islands are marine turtle egg laying sites. Rich coral reefs are present around islands. Many of the islands consist of steep limestone rocks and little beaches. They are used as temporary refuges by fishermen during fishing season.

In the caves of the cliffs high above the ground on some of the islands are where swiftlets build their nest and breed. Several islands were placed under concession for decades to collect bird nests. They are highly valuable and closely guarded with firearms. Traveling to those islands should be done with local tour companies as their boats are recognized and ignored by guards.

The Thai name Phetra comes from Malay Pulau Petra (the island of Petra).

The continued existence of the park is threatened by the proposed Pak Bara deepwater seaport.

Trang islands

 Ko Lao Liang consists of two similar islands separated by just 300 m.  The smaller, northernmost island, Ko Lao Liang Nuea () (also known as Ko Lao Liang Nong; ), and the larger island to the south, Ko Lao Liang Tai () (also known as Ko Lao Liang Phi; ). Both have rather small beaches and are bird nest gathering concessions. Around the islands are shallow reefs.

Satun islands
 Ko Phetra ( / Malay: Pulau Petra) is an island with odd-shaped cliffs. A bird nest concession island, the surrounding sea is available for diving.
 Ko Lidi ( / Malay: Pulau Lidi) is a large island with beach.
 Ko Khao Yai (), the biggest island with castle-like limestone rocks. Part of the island is the Ao Kam Poo (), a 700 m wide bay with waterfall and stream. The shores of the bay are a turtle egg-laying sites.
 Ko Bulon ( / Malay: Pulau Bulan), a popular tourist island with clear water and coral reef.

Satun beaches
 Rawai Beach (), not to be confused with a beach of the same name in Phuket Province, is a 3.5 km long beach on the mainland. It is popular camping spot.

See also
List of national parks of Thailand
List of Protected Areas Regional Offices of Thailand

References

External links
Mu Ko Petra National Park from National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department
Mu Ko Petra National Park from Ministry of Defense (Thai only)

National parks of Thailand
Protected areas established in 1984
Geography of Trang province
Geography of Satun province
Strait of Malacca
Tourist attractions in Trang province
Tourist attractions in Satun province
1984 establishments in Thailand
Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial

The Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial is a memorial dedicated in 1994 recognizing the dead of the Port Chicago disaster, and the critical role played by Port Chicago, California during World War II, in serving as the main facility for the Pacific Theater of Operations. The national memorial is located at the Concord Naval Weapons Station near Concord, California, in the United States.

The 1944 Port Chicago disaster occurred at the naval magazine and resulted in the largest domestic loss of life during World War II. A total of 320 sailors and civilians were instantly killed on July 17, 1944, when the ships they were loading with ammunition and bombs exploded. The majority of the deaths were African American sailors working for the racially segregated military. The explosion and its aftermath led to the largest Naval mutiny in US history, and it and the subsequent trial became major catalysts for the United States Navy to desegregate following the war.

History
The national memorial, administered by the National Park Service, was authorized by  on October 28, 1992.  The memorial was dedicated in 1994 and is located on the grounds of the Military Ocean Terminal Concord (MOTCO), formerly the Tidal Area of the Concord Naval Weapons Station.  The memorial is only open to the public through reserved guided tours. On October 28, 2009, the Memorial became an official unit of the National Park System.

Plans
The Port Chicago Committee is working toward expanding the current memorial to encompass  of the former Port Chicago waterfront.  The memorial site could include some of the railroad revetments and old boxcars from the 1940s period, as well as the existing memorial chapel, with stained-glass windows depicting the World War II operations.

See also
 Other Navy memorials
 Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park
 List of national memorials of the United States

References

 The National Parks: Index 2001–2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.
 Press Release. Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial Becomes 392nd Unit of National Park System

External links

 Official NPS website: Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial
 Port Chicago Committee

African-American history in the San Francisco Bay Area
Buildings and structures in Concord, California
National Memorials of the United States
United States Navy
World War II memorials in the United States
Protected areas established in 1992
National Park Service areas in California
Labor monuments and memorials
Monuments and memorials in California
Protected areas of Contra Costa County, California
Military in the San Francisco Bay Area
Tourist attractions in Contra Costa County, California
Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in California
1992 establishments in California
Rudder v. Microsoft Corp.

Rudder v. Microsoft Corp. [1999] OJ No 3778 (Sup Ct J). is an Ontario Superior Court case that is the leading decision on clickwrap licenses and forum selection clauses in Canada.

Background
Rudder brought a class action on behalf of MSN subscribers in Canada for, among other things, improperly charging MSN subscriber's credit cards violating the terms of the contract.

Microsoft filed to dismiss the class action on the grounds of forum non conveniens. They argued that the contract between them and the subscribers contained a forum selection clause which gave exclusive jurisdiction to Washington state to resolve any disputes.

Rudder argued that the particular clause was not valid as it was not adequately brought to the attention of the user. The provision was sufficiently important that it required special notice.

Opinion of the Court
Justice Warren Winkler found in favour of Microsoft and held that the clause was enforceable. Winkler rejected Rudder's argument, stating that "Admittedly, the entire Agreement cannot be displayed at once on the computer screen, but this is not materially different from a multi-page written document which requires a party to turn the pages."

Winkler observed that users were required to click on the "I agree" button to accept the terms, and that the impugned clause was no harder to read than any of the others. The sign-up procedure itself required users to click "I agree" twice, where the second time the user was told that they would still be bound to the terms even if they do not read them all.
Winkler did not find it reasonable for Rudder to argue for the enforcement of all the other terms of the contract except for the forum clause. A finding in favour of the plaintiff, said Winkler, would not advance the goals of commercial certainty.

In concluding, Winkler held that "click-wrap" agreements in general should be "afforded the 
sanctity that must be given to any agreement in writing."

See also
 List of notable Canadian lower court cases
 Caspi v. Microsoft Network – Similar US case

External links
 text of decision

Canadian contract case law
1999 in Canadian case law
1999 in Ontario
Microsoft litigation
Ontario case law
FDT

FDT may refer to:

 "FDT" (song), by American rapper YG and featuring Nipsey Hussle
 Democratic Federation of Labour (French: ), a Moroccan trade union
 Democratic Front of Chad (French: ), a political party in Chad
 File descriptor table
 Flattened device tree
 Fluctuation-dissipation theorem
 Future-directed therapy, a form of psychotherapy
 Powerflasher FDT, a software application
 Thiesian Democratic Front (French: ), a political party in Senegal
Forrest B. Royal

Forrest Beton Royal (February 10, 1893 – June 18, 1945) was a United States Navy rear admiral.

Biography
He was a member of the United States Naval Academy class of 1915. Service in increasingly important posts afloat and ashore prepared him for his role as commander of Amphibious Group 6 in the assaults on Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, and Borneo during the Pacific War in 1944 and 1945. His planning and execution of these important assignments was recognized with the Distinguished Service Medal, and the posthumous (he had died of a heart attack on board his flagship ) award of a Gold Star in lieu of a second Distinguished Service Medal. He was also appointed posthumously Honorary Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his service for the allied cause.

Namesake
In 1946 the destroyer  was named after RADM Royal, sponsored by his daughter, Miss Katharine K. Royal.

References

(1946). "Launch 44th Destroyer." The New York Times. January 18.

External links 

Arlington National Cemetery

United States Navy admirals
United States Navy World War II admirals
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Honorary Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
United States Naval Academy alumni
Military personnel from New York City
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1893 births
1945 deaths
United States Navy personnel killed in World War II
Comédie larmoyante

Comédie larmoyante () was a genre of French drama of the 18th century.  In this type of sentimental comedy, the impending tragedy was resolved at the end, amid reconciliations and floods of tears.  Plays of this genre that ended unhappily nevertheless allowed the audience to see that a "moral triumph" had been earned for the suffering heroes and heroines.    

Thomas Heywood's masterpiece, A Woman kilde with kindnesse (acted 1603; printed 1607), can be considered a forerunner of this genre.   

In Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée's Mélanide, the genre is fully developed.  Comedy was no longer to provoke laughter, but tears. The innovation consisted in destroying the sharp distinction then existing between tragedy and comedy in French literature. Indications of this change had been already offered in the work of Marivaux, and La Chaussée's plays led naturally to the domestic drama of Diderot and of Sedaine. 

Louis-Sébastien Mercier considered himself a supporter of this genre.

By blurring the distinctions between comedy and tragedy, the comédie larmoyante formed the basis for the subsequent genre known as Drame Bourgeois, the form of realistic comedy heralded by Denis Diderot's Le Fils naturel (published 1757, performed 1771).

There are many examples of 'comédie larmoyante' in both French and Italian opera where it gave birth to the genre of opera semiseria: André Grétry's Lucile, Nicolas Dalayrac's Nina, ou La folle par amour, Pasquale Anfossi's La vera costanza (1776) and Joseph Haydn's work of the same name (1779).

French literature
Larmoyante
Tverskoy

Tverskoy (masculine), Tverskaya (feminine), or Tverskoye (neuter) may refer to:
Tverskoy District, a district in Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia
Tverskoy Boulevard, one of the main thoroughfares in central Moscow
Tver Oblast (Tverskaya oblast), a federal subject of Russia
Tverskaya Street, a street in Moscow, Russia
Tverskaya (Moscow Metro), a station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, Moscow, Russia
Tverskoy, Russia (Tverskaya, Tverskoye), several rural localities in Russia
Tverskoye, former name of Şirinbəyli, a village in Azerbaijan
Julia Tverskaya (born 1959), Moscow born American chess player

See also
Tver
Vagabond (Norwegian band)

Vagabond was a Norwegian melodic hard rock band fronted by the guitar player Ronni Le Tekrø from TNT,  with the singer Jørn Lande and keyboard player Dag Stokke.

They released two albums, Vagabond (1994) and A Huge Fan Of Life (1995).

Biography
Vagabond was formed by ex-TNT members Ronni Le Tekrø and Morty Black in 1993, after the break up of TNT. They were joined by ex-Stage Dolls member Steinar Krokstad, TNT's live keyboard player Dag Stokke and, initially, Sons of Angels vocalist Solli, before Jørn Lande joined the line up.

Their first album, Vagabond, sold 10,000 copies in Norway, but they were dropped by the EMI label. They were then signed by the Japanese Victor label. Their second album, A Huge Fan of Life was released in Europe on the band's own record label.

Vagabond ended when TNT reformed in 1996, and subsequently the band members went their separate ways.

Line up
Jørn Lande - vocals
Ronni Le Tekrø - guitars, backing vocals
Dag Stokke - keyboards, backing vocals
Morty Black - bass guitar, backing vocals
Steinar Krokstad - drums, backing vocals

Discography

Albums

Vagabond (1994)
 Thunderblunder
 Key to the Rainbow
 Do You Like It?
 Gold in the Air
 I Believe in Wonders
 Silent Woman Sheila
 Automatic
 Let go, let go
 Mrs. Hippie Blues
 We bring the sun to you
 Better ask yourself
 Kick big pigs
 (Everybody's) Healing [Japanese bonus track]

A Huge Fan of Life (1995)
 Startrip Overload
 Give From Yourself
 Jammin' In Heaven
 Angels Serenade
 City In between
 Good Neighbours
 Dealer
 It's a Lullaby
 Follow Me
 Ding Dingaling
 Baby I Love You

2 (Compilation, 2012)

Singles

Key to the Rainbow (1994)
 Key to the Rainbow (radio edit)
 Key to the Rainbow (album version)
 (Everybody's) Healing

Silent Woman Sheila (1994)
 Silent Woman Sheila
 Let go, let go

External links
Rock Detector Vagabond page
Jørn Lande Official website 

Norwegian hard rock musical groups
Musical groups established in 1993
1993 establishments in Norway
Musical groups disestablished in 1996
1996 disestablishments in Norway
Musical groups from Norway with local place of origin missing
Teizo Matsumura

Teizo Matsumura (松村 禎三 Matsumura Teizō; 15 January 1929 – 6 August 2007) was a Japanese composer and poet. Orphaned and suffering from tuberculosis, during his recovery in the early 1950s he began to write both haiku and music. He studied with Tomojiro Ikenouchi and Akira Ifukube. He was influenced by Ravel and Stravinsky, but also Asian traditions. He was Professor Emeritus of the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music.

Matsumura is best known for his opera Chinmoku (in English Silence) based on the novel of the same name by Shusaku Endo. This has been recorded.

Matsumura is the recipient of the 1974 UNESCO International Rostrum of Composers and of the 1978 Suntory Music Award.

Major works
Achime for soprano, percussion and 11 players (1957)
Cryptogame for instrumental ensemble (1958)
Musique pour quatuor à cordes et pianoforte (1962)
 Symphony No. 1 (1965)
Prélude pour orchestre (1968)
Aprasas for female chorus with 2 harps, piano, harpsichord, celesta and string orchestra (1969)
Totem Ritual for mixed chorus with 8 percussions, piano, harpsichord and orchestra (1969)
Deux berceuses à la Grèce for piano (1969)
Poème I for shakuhachi and koto (1969)
Courtyard of Apsaras for flute, violin and piano (1971)
Poème II for shakuhachi solo (1972)
Two Poems by the Prince of Karu for soprano and piano (1973)
 Piano Concerto No. 1 (1973)
 Piano Concerto No. 2 (1978)
Hymn to Aurora for mixed chorus with cello, harp, percussion, piano, organ and oboe d'amore (1978)
 Fantasy for thirteen-string koto solo (1980)
 Cello Concerto (Concerto per violoncello ed orchestra) (1984)
Air of Prayer for seventeen-string koto solo (1984)
Air of Prayer for cello solo (1985)
Pneuma for strings (1986)
Trio pour violon, violoncelle et piano (1986)
Homage to Akira Ifukube for orchestra (1988)
Silence, opera (1993)
 Nocturne for harp solo (1994)
Quatuor à cordes (1996)
Poor Faithful for voice and piano (1996)
 Symphony No. 2 (1998)
Pilgrimage I - III for piano (1999-2000)
To the Night of Gethsemane for orchestra (2002)

Film score
100 Gamblers (1969)
Apart from Life (1970)
Sea and Poison (1985)
 Sen no Rikyu (The Dead of a Tea Master) (1989)
Pickpocket (2000)
Darkness in the Light (2001)
A Boy's Summer in 1945 (2002)
The Face of Jizo (2004)

External links
Biography
Interview with Matsumura Teizo - Documentary Box (Interviewer: Kitakoji Takashi)

1935 births
2007 deaths
20th-century classical composers
20th-century Japanese composers
20th-century Japanese male musicians
20th-century Japanese poets
21st-century classical composers
21st-century Japanese composers
21st-century Japanese poets
21st-century Japanese male musicians
Japanese classical composers
Japanese film score composers
Japanese male classical composers
Japanese male film score composers
Japanese opera composers
Male opera composers
Musicians from Kyoto
Bernie Castro

Bernabel "Bernie" Castro (born July 14, 1979) is a former Major League Baseball second baseman. He played two major league seasons, one each with the Washington Nationals and Baltimore Orioles.

Career
The New York Yankees signed Castro as an international free agent in . After two seasons, the Yankees traded him to the San Diego Padres for outfielder Kevin Reese.

After becoming a free agent in the  offseason, Castro signed a minor league deal with the Baltimore Orioles. He played in 24 games for the major league team, hitting .288 with a .360 on-base percentage.

He again became a free agent after the  season, and signed with the Washington Nationals. He played in 42 games for the Nationals during the 2006 season, accumulating 110 at-bats.

Castro was granted free agency once more after the  season, and signed a minor league contract with the Yankees. He again became a free agent after the  season.

Throughout his career he has showed impressive speed and solid contact abilities along with a strong arm and good instincts at second base.

During the winter he played for his hometown Aguilas Cibaeñas in the Dominican Winter League.

After his playing career ended, Castro became a hitting coach for the Dominican Summer League Pirates.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Águilas Cibaeñas players
Baltimore Orioles players
Columbus Clippers players
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in Canada
Dominican Republic expatriate baseball players in the United States
Greensboro Bats players
Gulf Coast Yankees players

Major League Baseball players from the Dominican Republic
Major League Baseball second basemen
Minor league baseball coaches
Mobile BayBears players
New Orleans Zephyrs players
Ottawa Lynx players
Portland Beavers players
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Yankees players
Baseball players from Santo Domingo
Staten Island Yankees players
Washington Nationals players
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for the Dominican Republic
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in baseball
Competitors at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games
Joseph Underwood

Joseph Underwood may refer to:

 Joseph R. Underwood (1791–1876), lawyer, judge, U.S. Representative and Senator from Kentucky
 Joseph Underwood (merchant) (1779–1833), Australian merchant
 Joseph Edwin Underwood (1882–1960), civil engineer, land surveyor and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada
 Joseph W. Underwood (born 1953), American teacher and football official
 Joseph F. Underwood, American politician, member of the Maine House of Representatives since 2020
List of French military leaders

The following is a list of famous French military leaders from the Gauls to modern France. The list is necessarily subjective and incomplete. 

 
Leaders
Pylos (board game)

Pylos (, ) is a board game invented by David G. Royffe and published by Gigamic. Royffe first conceived the game in 1964 using his family’s snooker balls. He took his idea to the 1994 Essen game fair in Germany. At that time, the game was called Elevation, but this was changed to Pyraos when it was published by Gigamic, and later to Pylos.

Gameplay
Each player starts off with 15 balls. Players take turns taking pieces from their reserve pile, and placing them on a 4x4 game board made up of 16 indentations. When four pieces are placed next to each other in a square, one piece can be put on top of the square. If the square is completed with all the same color, the player of that color may take one or two of their own pieces from the board (one or two that are not supporting anything) and put it back into their reserve pile. At the end of the game, the game board should have 4 levels. The first level with 16 pieces, the second level with 9 pieces, the third level with 4 pieces, and the fourth level with 1 piece. A player wins if they put the last piece on the 4th level, or if the other player runs out of pieces to play.

Variations 
A children’s version of the game is played in the same way but excludes the rule where a player can recover their pieces.

Gallery

References

External links 

 

Board games introduced in 1994
Abstract strategy games
Mensa Select winners
Ruddock

Ruddock  may refer to:

 European robin (Erithacus rubecula), the classic robin bird
 Ruddock House
 Ruddock, Louisiana
 Ruddock (surname)