alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Bae Yong-kyun

Bae Yong-Kyun (; born 1951) is a South Korean film director, painter, and professor.  He is best known for his 1989 film Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?

Life and career 

Bae is a painter by training and a graduate of the University of Paris.

In the early 1980s, Bae began production on the film Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East? without any experience in the Korean film industry and using amateur actors. Production lasted for almost ten years, with Bae directing, writing, filming, editing and financing the film by himself.  The film won the Golden Leopard at the Locarno Film Festival and was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. It was the first South Korean film to receive theatrical distribution in the United States.

Bae wrote and directed one other film, The People in White  (, 1995).

Until 2000 he taught painting at Catholic University of Daegu. He has not been seen in public since August 2001. However, in 2020 the Korean Film Archive reported that he had assisted them in a digital restoration of Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?

References

External links
 
 General information about Bae Yong-gyun at the Cine21 

Living people
1951 births
South Korean film directors
Buddhism in Korea
People from Daegu
20th-century South Korean painters
21st-century South Korean painters
Buddhist artists
Harsewinkel

Harsewinkel () is a town in Gütersloh District in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It lies on the river Ems, some 15 km north-west of Gütersloh.

It is the home and domicile of Europe's leading combine harvester manufacturer CLAAS, which is a major employer in the town.

Notable people
 Josef Homeyer (1929–2010), Roman Catholic bishop
 Adrian Wewer, Church architect in the United States
 Johann Christoph Rincklake, painter

References
My Life, Your Entertainment

My Life, Your Entertainment is the third and final studio album by P.A., released in 2000. Jim Crow, T.I., 8Ball, Goodie Mob, N.O.R.E., Pimp C, and YoungBloodZ make guest appearances on the album.

Production
The album was produced by P.A., Organized Noize, and Craig Love.

Critical reception
The Pitch wrote that the group "blasts dynamic street rhymes over guitar-laced tracks that would have both Jimi Hendrix and Iceberg Slim smilin’ ... the combination of heavy-metal riffs and seductive pimp-licious grooves created a unique, richly textured sound." Rolling Stone wrote that P.A. "import shades of New York's ride-or-die anthems and old West Coast G-Funk into their crunk landscapes." The New Pittsburgh Courier thought that the album "takes P.A.'s funkadelic hip-hop to a new level with grimy ghetto rhymes, syrupy rock guitars and ham-hock-thick beats."

Track listing
 Hello (Intro)
 My Life, Yo Entertainment
 U Got We Got
 They Come Thru (featuring Jim Crow)
 Just Like That
 Down Flat (featuring T.I.)
 Sundown (featuring 8Ball)
 Handcuffin' (Interlude)
 Playaz Do
 Problems (featuring Khujo)
 Entertainment (Interlude)
 What Was It Fo?
 Dope Stories [Remix] (featuring Big Gipp, Noreaga and Pimp C)
 Somethin' 2 Ride (featuring YoungBloodZ)
 My Time 2 Go (featuring Cee-Lo Green)

References

External links 
 Album on Discogs

2000 albums
P.A. (group) albums
DreamWorks Records albums
Albums produced by Organized Noize
Let Love In (Goo Goo Dolls album)

Let Love In is the eighth studio album by American rock band the Goo Goo Dolls, released in 2006. The album peaked at #9 on the US Billboard 200, selling around 83,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified Gold for sales of 500,000
units in May 2019 by the Recording Industry Association of America.

Track listing 
All songs written by Johnny Rzeznik except when noted.

Tour Edition DVD
Live and Intimate
 "Stay with You"
 "Let Love In"
 "Feel the Silence"
 "Better Days"
 "Without You Here"
 "Listen"
 "Can't Let It Go"
 "We'll Be Here (When You're Gone)
 "Strange Love"
 "Black Balloon"
 "Iris"
 "Become"
 "Broadway"
 "Here Is Gone"

Audio studio tracks
 "We'll Be Here (When You're Gone) (Acoustic)
 "Better Days" (Acoustic) (also included on Japan pressings)

Personnel 
 John Rzeznik –  guitar, lead and backing vocals
 Robby Takac – bass, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Listen" and "Strange Love"
 Mike Malinin – drums, percussion

Additional personnel

 Joel Shearer – rhythm guitars
 Zac Rae – keyboards
 Tim Pierce – rhythm guitars
 Greg Suran – rhythm guitars
 Paul Gordon – keyboards
 Brian Kilgore – percussion

Production notes 
 Mixed by Jack Joseph Puig
 Mastered by Ted Jensen

Charts

Certifications

References

External links 
 
 

2006 albums
Goo Goo Dolls albums
Albums produced by Glen Ballard
Albums produced by Rob Cavallo
Warner Records albums
List of Postman Pat episodes

Postman Pat is a British stop-motion animated television series first produced by Woodland Animations. The series follows the adventures of Pat Clifton, a postman who works for Royal Mail postal service in the fictional village of Greendale (inspired by the real valley of Longsleddale in Cumbria).

Postman Pat'''s first 13-episode series was screened on BBC1 during 1981 and 1982. John Cunliffe wrote the original treatment and scripts, and was directed by animator Ivor Wood, who also worked on The Magic Roundabout, Paddington, and The Herbs. Following the success of the first season, and that of several subsequent television specials, a second season of 13 episodes was produced by the same crew in 1996. Here, Pat has a family for the first time. A new version of the series has been produced by Cosgrove Hall from November 2003, which expanded on many aspects of the original series.

Series overview

Episodes
The episode number follows the first broadcast order.
Series 1 (1981–1982)

Series 2 (1997)

Series 3 (2004)

Series 4 (2006)

Series 5 (2007)

Special Delivery Service episodes

Series 6 (2008)
This is the first season of Postman Pat: Special Delivery Service.

Series 7 (2013)
This is the second season of Postman Pat: Special Delivery Service.

Series 8 (2016–2017)
This is the third and high season of Postman Pat: Special Delivery Service''.

Specials (1990–2006)

References

External links
 
 
 Postman Pat episode guide, TV Guide
 Postman Pat Special Delivery Service, OVGuide

Lists of British animated television series episodes
Lists of British children's television series episodes
John Joseph Cavanaugh III

John Joseph Cavanaugh III (born August 1, 1945) is an American politician and lawyer from Nebraska.

Early life and education 
Born in Omaha, Nebraska, he graduated from Creighton Preparatory School in 1963, from Regis College in Denver, Colorado in 1967 and from Creighton University School of Law in 1972,. He was admitted to the bar in 1972 and set up practice in Omaha.

Career 
From 1968 to 1970 he served in the United States Army. In 1972 he was elected to the Nebraska Legislature and served until 1976 when he was elected to represent Nebraska's 2nd district in the Ninety-fifth United States Congress. He was reelected to the Ninety-sixth United States Congress serving from January 3, 1977, to January 3, 1981. He did not run for reelection in 1980, opting to resume his law practice in Omaha. He is a Catholic and was a delegate for Nebraska to the Democratic National Convention of 1980, 2000, and 2004. Cavanaugh is a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One.

References

 
 
 
 
 John J. Cavanaugh, III - Martindale-Hubbell Law Profile

1945 births
Living people
Nebraska lawyers
Democratic Party Nebraska state senators
Politicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Creighton University School of Law alumni
Regis University alumni
United States Army soldiers
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska
Harnoncourt

Harnoncourt-Unverzagt is the name of an old Austrian noble family, which came to Austria from the Duchy of Lorraine, but originated from Luxembourg.

History 
Counts d'Harnoncourt intermarried with Unverzagt family in the 18th century when Joseph Ludwig Matthias de la Fontaine, Count of Harnoncourt (1736–1816) married Countess Maria Leopoldine Unverzagt (1754–1835), who was the last of her line. Their son Count Herbert Ludwig de la Fontaigne, Count of Harnoncourt (1789–1846), took over her coat of arms in 1839 and called himself Graf von Harnoncourt-Unverzagt. All members of the family have descended from him and his wife, Countess Sophie von Haugwitz (1798–1859).

Notable members 
 Alice d'Harnoncourt (1930–2022), Austrian violinist, wife of Nikolaus
 Anne d'Harnoncourt (1943–2008), American museum director, historian of modern art and daughter of Rene
 Franz d'Harnoncourt (born 1937), Austrian physician and academic teacher, brother of Nikolaus
 Karl d'Harnoncourt (born 1934), Austrian jurist, brother of Nikolaus
 Ladislaja d'Harnoncourt (1899–1997), mother of Nikolaus, Philipp, Franz and Karl
 Nikolaus d'Harnoncourt (1929–2016), Austrian conductor, son of Ladislaja
 Philipp d'Harnoncourt (1931–2020), Austrian theologian, brother of Nikolaus
 Rene d'Harnoncourt (1901–1968), Austrian-American museum director

References
John Minsheu

John Minsheu (or Minshew) (1560–1627) was an English linguist and lexicographer.

Biography
He was born and died in London. Little is known about his life. He published some of the earliest dictionaries and grammars of the Spanish language for speakers of English. His major work was the Ductor in linguas (Guide into tongues), an eleven-language dictionary. With his Ductor in linguas he is also one of the first known inventors of the use of subscription as a method of funding publication of a book.

He also expanded Richard Percivale's Spanish dictionary.

Works 
 Joyful Newes out of the Newe Founde Worlde (1577)
 Spanish Grammar (1599)
 Dictionarie in Spanish and English (1599 & 1623), an augmented version of Bibliotheca Hispanica (1591) by Richard Percyvall (1993 reprint: )
 Ductor in linguas (The Guide into Tongues) (1617)
 including Vocabularium Hispanicolatinum et Anglicum copiossissimum (A Most Copious Spanish Dictionarie with Latine and English)
 Pleasant and Delightfull Dialogues in Spanish and English (1623)

References

Sources 
 Jürgen Schäfer, John Minsheu: Scholar or Charlatan?, in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Spring, 1973), pp. 23–35.
 GIGA Quotes
 Some Notes on the Life and Work of John Minsheu (1560–1627)*, Vivian Salmon, London (PDF)

External links 
 Online version of Minsheu's Spanish-English dictionary at King's College, London
 Example of a page from 1617 ed. of Ductor in Linguas

1560 births
1627 deaths
Writers from London
English lexicographers
16th-century English writers
Linguists from England
British Hispanists
Belle Haven Consultants

Belle Haven Consultants was a for-profit organization founded in 1997 by former Heritage Foundation president Edwin Feulner and Heritage Foundation Asia policy expert Ken Sheffer. Feulner's wife, Linda Feulner, later took her husband's place as a partner until 2001, when she became a paid senior adviser in the firm.

History

Belle Haven, The Heritage Foundation, and the Alexander Strategy Group (ASG) shared the same office in Hong Kong, located in Suite 401 of the Baskerville House office building in Central Hong Kong. Belle Haven was a subcontractor, then was purchased by ASG partner Edward Stewart, co-owner of the firm along with long-time associate Beth Allison Cave. In 2006, ASG closed as a result of the Jack Abramoff lobbying scandals.

By the end of 2001, Belle Haven hired ASG for help "promoting and advocating Malaysia's positive investment climate and business opportunities" in connection with a company called PK Baru Energy. A new group called the US-Malaysia Exchange Association also hired ASG for support "enhancing the bilateral relationship between Malaysia and the US."  Megat Junid, an associate of then-prime minister Mahathir Mohammed, said in a 2004 interview that he organized Malaysia Exchange after talks with Edwin Feulner.

In 2001, House majority leader Tom DeLay and three other congressmen traveled to Malaysia with their spouses on a trip officially sponsored by Heritage. Heritage senior fellow and former U.S. Senator Malcolm Wallop, who went on the trip, told Time magazine that Belle Haven's financial involvement was more important to the trip than Heritage's.  In the following months, more congressmen made their way to Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia and senior Malaysian officials began beating a path to Washington, D.C., an interchange that climaxed with Mahathir visiting the White House in May 2002, which was his first state visit in eight years. Though in past years Heritage had been publicly critical of Mahathir, Feulner hosted a dinner reception on that visit to honor the prime minister.

According to U.S. Senate records, Belle Haven paid ASG at least $620,000 between September 2001 and January 2006. Belle Haven also hired three other Washington, D.C.-based lobbying firms, including the Western Strategy Group, run by Wallop, and the Harbour Group, around the same time, to support its Malaysian campaign, paying them a total of $780,000.

External links
 
 

Companies established in 1997
Conservative organizations in the United States
The Heritage Foundation
Jamshed Bhabha Theatre

The Jamshed Bhabha Theatre is a 1109-seater theatre inaugurated on 24 November 1999 within The National Centre for the Performing Arts premises in Mumbai, India. It has hosted & staged Indian epics and classical concerts to western operas and ballets.

Besides the main auditorium, the theatre has three conference rooms, large foyer spaces and a museum. The acoustics of this theatre were designed to permit appreciation of individual instruments without any additional amplification.

The theatre is home to a 100-year-old staircase in its foyer. The staircase was donated to the NCPA by the Petit family. It was originally part of the Petit hall at Malabar Hill, made of Carrara marble shipped from Italy. When the Petit hall was demolished, the staircase was dismantled and stored in a warehouse for forty years until it was re-assembled and added to the theatre's foyer.

A new, permanent exhibition located in the foyer of JBT, which opened to the public on 16 May 2018, pays tribute to the life and legacy of Jamshed Bhabha. In 2016, the theatre hosted the first public shows of Mughal-e-Azam, a Broadway-style musical directed by Feroz Abbas Khan and jointly produced by Shapoorji Pallonji Group and the National Centre for the Performing Arts (India). The musical is based on the 1960 Bollywood film Mughal-e-Azam, directed by K. Asif and produced by Shapoorji Pallonji. In 2019, the theatre produced and premiered the Agatha Christie whodunnit classic, The Mirror Crack'd directed by Melly Still, produced by Pádraig Cusack, in a new version for an Indian audience by Ayeesha Menon, based on the adaptation by Rachel Wagstaff of the novel The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side, and starring Sonali Kulkarni, Denzil Smith and Shernaz Patel.

See also
 Tata Theatre
 Experimental Theatre (NCPA)

References

External links
 Jamshed Bhabha Theater at the NCPA
 History of NCPA

1999 establishments in Maharashtra
Theatres in Mumbai
Theatres completed in 1999
20th-century architecture in India
Ken Rothman

Kenneth Joel Rothman (October 11, 1935 – April 26, 2019) was an American lawyer and politician from Missouri. He served as the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Missouri from 1981 to 1985.

Biography 
Rothman was born and raised in St. Louis and attended public schools. He graduated from Washington University in St. Louis with a Bachelor of Arts in history and political science and also received his law degree from Washington University.

Rothman served in the Missouri Air National Guard from 1953 to 1962 and was called to active duty during the Berlin Crisis of 1961. He worked as a prosecutor for St. Louis County before entering private law practice. Rothman's political career began with his election to the Missouri House of Representatives in 1962 representing the Clayton area.  He was re-elected eight times. In 1973 he was chosen as Majority Leader and in 1976 he became Speaker of the House.

In 1980 Rothman was elected Lieutenant Governor, defeating Roy Blunt. In 1984, he was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Missouri but was defeated by Republican John Ashcroft.

From 2001, he served of counsel to the law firm of Capes, Sokol, Goodman and Sarachan PC.

Rothman's ex-wife, Geri Rothman-Serot, was the Democratic nominee for the United States Senate against Kit Bond in 1992.  His son Daniel Rothman is an attorney in Des Moines Iowa.  Ken Rothman was the first Jew elected to statewide office in the history of Missouri.

Rothman died on April 26, 2019, in St. Louis, at the age of 83.  His ex-wife politician Geri Rothman-Serot, a three-time survivor of breast cancer, died a few months later in Florida on July 2, 2019, of a rare form of bone cancer.

References

 

1935 births
2019 deaths
Jewish American people in Missouri politics
Politicians from St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis alumni
Lieutenant Governors of Missouri
Lawyers from St. Louis
Missouri National Guard personnel
Speakers of the Missouri House of Representatives
Democratic Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives
Washington University School of Law alumni
Candidates in the 1984 United States elections
Innards

Innards is a term used broadly to refer to the 'insides' of something, but may also refer to:

Offal
Viscera
Gastrointestinal tract
Innards: The Metaphysical Highway, a short film by the Chiodo Brothers
Christian Gauss

Christian Gauss (1878 – 1951) was a literary critic and professor of literature.

Biography
Gauss was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. His father had fled Württemberg when Prussia began to dominate it in the 1860s. The son graduated from the University of Michigan at 20, worked as a newspaper correspondent in Paris, covering the Dreyfus case during which time he met Oscar Wilde who dedicated one of his poems to Gauss.

Later Gauss taught at Michigan and Lehigh University in the United States, and in 1905 became a first preceptor at Princeton University, where he remained until his retirement in 1946.

At Princeton, Gauss became a full professor of French Literature two years after his arrival; he was chairman of the department of modern languages; and he served as dean. After retiring from Princeton, he was president of Phi Beta Kappa. The academic society awards a Christian Gauss Award.

Though he was not a prolific author or a public figure, Gauss left a mark on literary scholarship: Princeton University's semiannual series of Christian Gauss Seminars in Criticism (founded in 1949 by R.P. Blackmur), and Phi Beta Kappa's annual Christian Gauss Award (est. 1950) for a book of literary criticism are named in his honor. Gauss influenced and corresponded frequently with F. Scott Fitzgerald and Edmund Wilson.

References

External sources

External links

 
 
 Gauss Award from Phi Beta Kappa
 Gauss Seminars from A Princeton Companion

1878 births
1951 deaths
American literary critics
Princeton University faculty
University of Michigan alumni
Academics from Ann Arbor, Michigan
Nathaniel Silsbee

Nathaniel Silsbee (January 14, 1773July 14, 1850) was a ship master, merchant and American politician from Salem, Massachusetts.

Early career 

Silsbee was the eldest child of Capt. Nathaniel and Sarah (Becket) Silsbee. At the age of fourteen, to support his family upon the financial failures of his father, he went to sea and learned navigation. His able seamanship won him, at the age of nineteen, command of Elias Hasket Derby's Sloop "Sally". Silsbee continued commanding Derby vessels and had many interesting adventures and exploits with privateers, French Consuls, and such.
 In 1795 he became part owner of the Schooner "Betsy" and continued to prosper and master his own vessels. In 1801 he placed his brothers, William and Zachariah, in charge of his ships. Nathaniel continued owning vessels in partnerships until the 1840s, but he actively retired from shipping when he commenced his political career.

Nathaniel married Mary Crowninshield, the daughter of one of Salem's wealthiest merchants, on December 12, 1802. Their son Nathaniel was mayor of Salem from 1849 to 1850 and from 1858 to 1859.

Political career 

Silsbee was elected to the United States House of Representatives and served two terms from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1821, during which time he was chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Military Pensions in the Twenty-first Congress. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1820, choosing to serve in the Massachusetts House of Representatives instead. After one term, he was elected to the Massachusetts Senate, where he served as president from 1823 to 1825. He was a presidential elector in 1824.

He was elected to the United States Senate in 1826 to fill the vacancy in the term ending March 3, 1829, caused by the resignation of James Lloyd. He was re-elected in 1829 and served from May 31, 1826, to March 3, 1835.  He was chairman of the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce in the Twenty-third Congress. He was a Whig presidential elector in 1836.

Retirement
Silsbee resumed mercantile pursuits in Salem, where he died; interment in The Burying Point, the second oldest cemetery in the US.

Legacy
The Nathaniel Silsbee House is a historic building in Salem, maintained by the Knights of Columbus.

See also
 44th Massachusetts General Court (1823-1824)

References

External links
 

1773 births
1850 deaths
Massachusetts state senators
Presidents of the Massachusetts Senate
Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
United States senators from Massachusetts
Massachusetts National Republicans
Democratic-Republican Party United States senators
Massachusetts Whigs
19th-century American politicians
Massachusetts Federalists
Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
Colonial American merchants
Politicians from Salem, Massachusetts
19th-century American merchants
Scott Miller (country musician)

Allen Scott Miller (born 1968) is an American Southern rock and alternative country singer, songwriter, and guitarist.

Biography
Miller grew up on a farm in Swoope, Virginia. After graduating from William & Mary, he moved to Knoxville, Tennessee in 1990.  In 1994, he helped form a band called the Viceroys, which was renamed The V-Roys to avoid confusion with an existing group. The V-Roys were the first act signed on Steve Earle's label, E-Squared Records.

After the V-Roys split up in 1999, Miller formed a new band, Scott Miller and the Commonwealth, who were briefly the house band on Blue Collar TV. The Lexington Herald-Leader wrote of Miller's first albums after the V-Roys as "strong, folk-infused songs" in which "the boozy charm of his music was innocuous."

Miller's songs reflect his degrees in American history and Russian studies, with references to his home, family, history, geography, writers and Appalachia. As of 2011, Miller was based in Staunton, Virginia, having moved back home to help manage the family cattle farm.  Miller collaborated with filmmaker James Weems and photographer Glen Rose on mini-documentary Going Home which explores Miller's personal and musical journey in returning to the family farm.

As of 2015, in addition to solo shows, Miller played some shows with a full Commonwealth band lineup, but more often played trio shows with what he has come to call the Commonwealth Ladies Auxiliary (bass player Bryn Davies and fiddler Rayna Gellert).

Discography
Solo:
Are You With Me? (2000) – live, independent self-release
For Crying Out Loud (2008) – self-released on F.A.Y. Recordings
Christmas Gift EP (2010) – self-released on F.A.Y. Recordings
Big Big World (2013) – self-released on F.A.Y. Recordings
Ladies Auxiliary (11/2017) – self-released on F.A.Y. Recordings

As Scott Miller & the Commonwealth:
Thus Always to Tyrants (2001) – Sugar Hill
Upside Downside (2003) – Sugar Hill
Citation (2006) – Sugar Hill
Reconstruction (2007) – live, independent self-release

With Rayna Gellert:
CoDependents EP (2012) – self-released on F.A.Y. Recordings

References

External links
Official website
Allen Scott Miller repertoire at BMI

Live Music Archive Collection of Live Scott Miller Shows for Streaming Online or Download
2003 story in Metro Pulse
Scott Miller at The Music Box: A collection of concert and album reviews of Scott Miller & The V-Roys.
The V-Roys - Home page of Miller's old band, the V-Roys.

American alternative country singers
American country singer-songwriters
Musicians from Knoxville, Tennessee
People from Augusta County, Virginia
Singer-songwriters from Virginia
Living people
College of William & Mary alumni
1968 births
Singer-songwriters from Tennessee
Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock

Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock is a city in the district of Gütersloh in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the Eggegebirge, approx. 15 km east of Gütersloh and 15 km south-east of Bielefeld. It is the source of the river Ems.
In 2004, the town celebrated its 850th Anniversary.

References
Shared graphics memory

In computer architecture, shared graphics memory refers to a design where the graphics chip does not have its own dedicated memory, and instead shares the main system RAM with the CPU and other components. 

This design is used with many integrated graphics solutions to reduce the cost and complexity of the motherboard design, as no additional memory chips are required on the board. There is usually some mechanism (via the BIOS or a jumper setting) to select the amount of system memory to use for graphics, which means that the graphics system can be tailored to only use as much RAM as is actually required, leaving the rest free for applications. A side effect of this is that when some RAM is allocated for graphics, it becomes effectively unavailable for anything else, so an example computer with 512 MiB RAM set up with 64 MiB graphics RAM will appear to the operating system and user to only have 448 MiB RAM installed.

The disadvantage of this design is lower performance because system RAM usually runs slower than dedicated graphics RAM, and there is more contention as the memory bus has to be shared with the rest of the system. It may also cause performance issues with the rest of the system if it is not designed with the fact in mind that some RAM will be 'taken away' by graphics.  

A similar approach that gave similar results is the boost up of graphics used in some SGi computers, most notably the O2/O2+. The memory in these machines is simply one fast pool (2.1 GB per second in 1996) shared between system and graphics.  Sharing is performed on demand, including pointer redirection communication between main system and graphics subsystem. This is called Unified Memory Architecture (UMA).

History 
Most early personal computers used a shared memory design with graphics hardware sharing memory with the CPU. Such designs saved money as a single bank of DRAM could be used for both display and program. Examples of this include the Apple II computer, the Commodore 64, the Radio Shack Color Computer, the Atari ST, and the Apple Macintosh.

A notable exception was the IBM PC. Graphics display was facilitated by the use of an expansion card with its own memory plugged into an ISA slot. 

The first IBM PC to use the SMA was the IBM PCjr, released in 1984. Video memory was shared with the first 128KiB of RAM. The exact size of the video memory could be reconfigured by software to meet the needs of the current program.

An early hybrid system was the Commodore Amiga which could run as a shared memory system, but would load executable code preferentially into non-shared "fast RAM" if it was available.

See also 
 IBM PCjr
 Video memory
 Shared memory, in general, other than graphics

External links 
 PC Magazine Definition for SMA
 IBM PCjr information

Memory management

ro:Arhitectură cu memorie partajată
ru:SMA
Deer Island (Ireland)

Deer Island or Inishmore () is located in County Clare, Ireland.

Location
According to Clare County Library, Deer Island, or Innismore, is situated near the western bank of the River Fergus about a quarter of a mile from the village of Ballynacally. In 1837 it was measured at 493 statute acres.

Population
Administratively it is part of the District Electoral Division of Ballynacally. Population in 1996 was 1 (unchanged since 1991). It was the only inhabited island in County Clare. The 1901 census showed 9 families living on the island.
It has been uninhabited since 2004, when the last of the residents died, though many families of former residents visit the island throughout the year.

Demographics 
The table below reports data on Inishmore's population taken from Discover the Islands of Ireland (Alex Ritsema, Collins Press, 1999) and the Census of Ireland. Census data in Ireland before 1841 are not considered complete and/or reliable.

History and archaeology
In 1837 the island was nearly equally divided between pasture and tillage. It was the property of the Earl of Egremont and was also called Inchmore, or the "Great Island", being the largest of the Fergus islands. Samuel Lewis reported that "Flax was formerly cultivated here… but is now only partially grown". He also mentioned "some vestiges of an abbey still remaining, founded… at a very early period, by Saint Senan of Inniscattery, who appointed St. Liberius one of his disciples, to preside over it". The ruins of the old church, some cholera graves and a holy well called Tobar Breedia are still to be seen. Deer Island was once a deer park, enclosed by water, where the Earl of Thomond kept a live larder of venison.

Nearby islands
Nearby islands include:
Canon Island, anciently called Elanogannonoch, contains remains of a priory founded and built between the years 1166 and 1169 by Donald O'Brien, king of Limerick
Coney Island, also Inishdadrom ('the island of the two backs'), of two ancient churches, in one of which St. Brendan of Kerry ministered
Low Island on which is one of those cairns called 'Dhiarmuid and Graunia's bed,' remarkable in bardic tradition and folk-lore. The Celtic legend is, that Dhiarmunid, a young chieftain, fled with Graunia, the affianced wife of the aged Fionn mac Cumhaill, who were pursued by Finn and his warriors, sleeping each night in a different place under a stone structure hastily erected by Dhiarmuid.

References

External links
http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/genealogy/directories/guys1893/intro.htm
http://www.clarelibrary.ie/eolas/coclare/places/deer_island1.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20060523075458/http://www.btinternet.com/~franco.ferrero/Oileain.htm
http://www.limerickcorp.ie/applications/general/museum_details.aspx?RowID=24537

Further reading
Census 96, Vol. 1, Population Classified by Area (Dublin 1997).

Islands of County Clare
Uninhabited islands of Ireland
River islands of Ireland
Werther (disambiguation)

Werther is an opera by Jules Massenet.

Werther may also refer to:

Places
Werther, North Rhine-Westphalia, a town in western Germany
Werther, Thuringia, a municipality in eastern Germany

People with the surname
Gustav Werther (1815–1869), German chemist
Heinrich Wilhelm von Werther (1772–1859), Prussian diplomat and politician

Arts
The Sorrows of Young Werther, a novel by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe that the opera Werther is loosely based on
Werther (1986 film), a Spanish film based on the novel
Werther (1927 film), a Czech film

Others
Werther's Original, a toffee-and-cream candy
 The New Werther, by the statistician Karl Pearson
Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel

Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel (LDFI) is an associated organisation whose stated objective is to 'maximise support for the State of Israel within the British Liberal Democrat Party', and to 'promote policies which lead to peace and security for Israel within a Middle East peace settlement'.

The President of Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel is Baron Palmer. The Vice Presidents are Alan Beith, Baron Alliance, and Baroness Ludford. The Chair is Gavin Stollar and the Vice Chair is Jonathan Davies.

History 
The Liberal Friends of Israel group was the first friends of Israel group in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The SDP Friends of Israel group was formed in July 1981 with Bill Rodgers as President.

The Liberal Friends of Israel and the SDP Friends of Israel groups were amalgamated into the Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel when the parties merged in 1988.

In July 2020, the LDFI issued a statement expressing "deep concern" about plans by the Israeli Government to annex part of the West Bank.

In October 2020, the LDFI and the Board of Deputies of British Jews jointly wrote to Mendip District Council urging it to adopt the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance definition of antisemitism, after the council voted unanimously against adopting it.

Members of LDFI

In alphabetical order, members of Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel include:

Alan Beith, Vice President of LDFI
Ed Fordham, PPC for Hampstead and Kilburn in 2010 General Elections
Matthew Harris, PPC for Hendon in the 2010 General Elections
Baron Palmer, President of LDFI
Gavin Stollar, Chairman
Baroness Ludford, MEP for London

See also
Labour Friends of Israel
Conservative Friends of Israel
Northern Ireland Friends of Israel
European Friends of Israel
Friends of Israel Initiative

References

External links
Official website
Speech to the Liberal Democrat Friends of Israel, Charles Kennedy, 4 November 2004

Organisations associated with the Liberal Democrats (UK)
Israel friendship associations
Political advocacy groups in the United Kingdom
Israel–United Kingdom relations
United Kingdom friendship associations
Lobbying in the United Kingdom
Zionism in the United Kingdom
Zionist organizations
Werther, North Rhine-Westphalia

Werther is a town in the district of Gütersloh in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the Teutoburg Forest, approximately 10 km (6 miles) north-west of Bielefeld. It is best known for the Werther's Original caramel sweets, which are nowadays produced in the nearby city of Halle. Werther has one Gesamtschule and one Gymnasium, which has an exchange partnership with a Yarm School, an independent school in Yarm, England.

People 
 August Oberwelland, entrepreneur, August Storck company founder

References
Canada Eastern Railway

The Canada Eastern Railway, originally known as the Northern and Western Railway, was a railway line operating in New Brunswick, Canada, running from Loggieville (now part of Miramichi), to Devon (opposite Fredericton).  The line linked various communities along the Nashwaak and Southwest Miramichi River valleys.

A joint venture of industrialists Alexander Gibson and Jabez B. Snowball, construction started in 1884 and finished in 1887. The opening of the Fredericton Railway Bridge in 1889 gave it a direct connection to the provincial capital. In 1890 the Northern and Western was reorganized and became the Canada Eastern Railway Company, of which Gibson became the sole owner in 1893.

The line was rerouted between Renous and Nelson to the north bank of the Southwest Miramichi River through to Derby where it joined the Intercolonial Railway mainline at a junction between the bridges over the Southwest and Northwest Miramichi Rivers.

In 1904 the Canada Eastern was purchased by the Intercolonial Railway, a federal Crown corporation.  The mainline of the National Transcontinental Railway (NTR), another government concern, was built in 1912, creating a major junction at McGivney. The Intercolonial, NTR, and others were merged into the Canadian Government Railways in 1915 and the Canadian National Railways (CNR) in 1919.

Canada Eastern and later the Intercolonial and CNR passenger trains along the line were given the nickname "Dungarvon Whooper" in reference to a local ghost story.

With declining rail usage through the latter part of the 20th century, the former Canada Eastern line became unprofitable for CNR. It was abandoned between McGivney and Derby in 1985 as well as east of Chatham to Loggieville.  The section south of McGivney to Fredericton was officially abandoned in 1995, although the last train over this portion of the line (CN's Nashwaak Subdivision) operated in March 1996 with a coal shipment to a heating plant at CFB Gagetown.

The only original trackage of the Canada Eastern that remains in service is operated by the New Brunswick East Coast Railway between Nelson and Chatham.

References

Sources 

 Railways of New Brunswick by David Nason, New Ireland Press, 1991.

Defunct New Brunswick railways
Transport in York County, New Brunswick
Transport in Northumberland County, New Brunswick
Transport in Fredericton
Predecessors of the Intercolonial Railway
Tata Theatre

The Tata Theatre is a 1010-seat premier staging facility for music, dance and drama at The National Centre for the Performing Arts complex in the city of Mumbai, India. It is India’s first theatre designed and built keeping in mind the unique acoustic and visual requirements for the staging of Indian music, dance and related art forms, and was constructed by Larsen & Toubro Limited. The theatre was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi on the 11 of October 1980.

Keeping in mind the traditional seating requirements at Indian classical musical concerts and performances, the Tata Theatre stage is built in the almost semi-circular thrust shape. The alternate concave and convex triangular forms on the overhead and the wall panelings ensure even distribution of acoustics over the entire auditorium. The acoustic forms of high-density compressed plaster were handmade and lifted manually up into their positions. The architects  ensured that every musical instrument played in the orchestra could individually be heard and appreciated in every corner of the auditorium.

The external structure of the Tata Theatre complex has been acoustically insulated from outside interference such as road traffic and sounds from construction and maintenance activities by separate pile foundations down to the rock base.

Famous artistes who have performed at the Tata Theatre over the years include Yehudi Menuhin, Ustad Vilayat Khan and M S Subbalaxmi. The Tata Theatre has also been utilized for special cultural programmes for India’s state guests and visiting dignitaries. Its spacious foyers are also used for special exhibitions.

See also
 NCPA
 Jamshed Bhabha Theatre
 Experimental Theatre (NCPA)

External links
 Tata Theater at the NCPA complex, Mumbai

References

Theatres in Mumbai
Theatres completed in 1980
Tata institutions
Companies with year of establishment missing
20th-century architecture in India
Keld

Keld  may refer to:
Keld, Cumbria, England
Keld, North Yorkshire, England
Variation of Kjell (name), a Danish given name
 KELD (AM), a radio station (1400 AM) licensed to El Dorado, Arkansas, United States
 KELD-FM, a radio station (106.5 FM) licensed to Hampton, Arkansas, United States
 the ICAO code for South Arkansas Regional Airport at Goodwin Field
Herzebrock-Clarholz

Herzebrock-Clarholz is a town in the district of Gütersloh in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approximately 10 km west of Gütersloh.

Adjacent towns
Bredeck
Harsewinkel
Gütersloh
Rheda-Wiedenbrück
Oelde
Beelen

Twinning 
Herzebrock-Clarholz is twinned with:
Steenwijkerland, Netherlands
Le Chambon-Feugerolles, France

People

 Kaspar von Zumbusch (1830–1915), sculptor
 Diana Amft (born 1975), actress

 Carl Miele (1869-1938), German entrepreneur

References
Matthiessen

Matthiessen is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning "son of Mathies" (equivalent of the Biblical Μαθθαιος, cf. English Matthew). Several spelling variants are used, including Matthiesen, Mathiesen, Matthissen (UK), Matthisen and Mathissen. A similar diversity of forms exist for the parallel given name Mathias.
There are several people with the surname Matthiessen:

 Augustus Matthiessen (1831–1870), British physicist and chemist, notable for Matthiessen's rule
 C.M.I.M. Matthiessen, Swedish linguist
 Francis Otto Matthiessen (1902–1950), U.S. literary critic
 Frederick William Matthiessen (1835–1918), Industrialist, philanthropist, and former Mayor of LaSalle, Illinois
 Peter Matthiessen (1927–2014), American novelist

See also  
Matheson (surname)
Mathiasen
Mathiesen

Danish-language surnames
Norwegian-language surnames
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names
Forgotten Heroes

The Forgotten Heroes are a fictional superhero team in the DC Comics universe.  The group is composed of originally unrelated superheroes introduced in DC publications in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. Having faded from appearances in DC publications, Marv Wolfman and Gil Kane brought them together in Action Comics #545 (July 1983) as a team that had simply faded from the limelight of their world.

Fictional team history

Pre-Crisis
In their original adventures prior to the Crisis on Infinite Earths, the Forgotten Heroes are all superheroes who, at one point in their career, had discovered a mysterious golden pyramid.  When they attempt to report the discovery, they find themselves censored by the US Government. The members of the team are brought together by Immortal Man, who reveals to them that the pyramids are the work of his eons-old foe, Vandal Savage. With the aid of Superman, the Forgotten Heroes destroy the golden pyramids and save the Earth.

In Crisis on Infinite Earths #10, Animal Man, Dolphin and Rip Hunter again team up, along with Adam Strange, Captain Comet and the Atomic Knight. This assemblage has been referred to as "the Forgotten Heroes" in retrospect, but was never called that in the Crisis series itself.

The original Forgotten Heroes were opposed by a team of evil counterparts known as the Forgotten Villains. Members of the Forgotten Villains include Atom-Master, Enchantress, Faceless Hunter, Kraklow, Mr. Poseidon, Ultivac, and Yggardis the Living Planet.

Post-Crisis
A new version of the Forgotten Heroes is formed in Resurrection Man #24 (March 1999), when some of the original members mistake Mitch Shelley for a reincarnated Immortal Man.

Membership

Original team
 Animal Man (Bernhard "Buddy" Baker)
 Calvin "Cave" Carson
 Congo Bill/Congorilla (William Glenmorgan)
 Dolphin
 Dane Dorrance
 Rick Flag, Jr.
 Rip Hunter
 Immortal Man (Klarn)

Later team
 Animal Man
 Ballistic (Kelvin Mao)
 Cave Carson
 Fetish (Thula)
 The Ray (Ray Terrill)
 Resurrection Man (Mitch Shelley)
 Vigilante (Pat Trayce)

References

External links
Cosmic Teams: The Forgotten Heroes and Forgotten Villains
DCU Guide: Forgotten Heroes
Unofficial Forgotten Heroes web site
ComicVine: Forgotten Heroes

DC Comics superhero teams
Louis Henri Boussenard

Louis Henri Boussenard (4 October 1847, Escrennes, Loiret – 11 September 1910 in Orléans) was a French author of adventure novels, dubbed "the French Rider Haggard" during his lifetime, but known better presently in Eastern Europe than in Francophone countries.  As a measure of his popularity, 40 volumes of his collected works were published in Imperial Russia during 1911.

A physician by profession, Boussenard travelled throughout the French colonies, especially in Africa.  He was drafted during the Franco-Prussian War but soon capitulated to the Prussian soldiers, an experience that could explain a nationalist theme present in many of his novels.  Some of his books demonstrate a certain disdain of Britons and Americans, a fact which likely contributed to his obscurity and lack of translations in the English-speaking countries.

The author's picaresque humour flourished in his earliest books, À travers Australie: Les dix millions de l'Opossum rouge (1879), Le tour du monde d'un gamin de Paris (1880), Les Robinsons de la Guyane (1882), Aventures périlleuses de trois Français au pays des diamants (1884, set in a mysterious cavern underneath the Victoria Falls), The Crusoes of Guyana; or, The White Tiger (1885), and Les étrangleurs du Bengale (1901).

Boussenard's best-known book Le Capitaine Casse-Cou (1901) was set at the time of the Second Boer War.  L'île en feu (1898) fictionalized Cuba's struggle for independence.  Aspiring to emulate Jules Verne, Boussenard also produced several science fiction novels, notably Les secrets de monsieur Synthèse (1888) and Dix mille ans dans un bloc de glace (1890), both translated by Brian Stableford in 2013 with the title Monsieur Synthesis

References

External links
 
 

1847 births
1911 deaths
People from Loiret
French science fiction writers
19th-century French novelists
20th-century French novelists
20th-century French male writers
French explorers
French male novelists
19th-century French male writers
1911 suicides
French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
Zee Cine Award for Best Film

The Zee Cine Award Best Film is chosen via the public of India. The winners are announced in March.

Winners and nominees

See also
 Zee Cine Awards
 Bollywood
 Cinema of India

Notes

References

Film
Awards for best film
Little India (magazine)

Little India is the largest circulated Indian American publication in the United States. The magazine was established in 1991 by its founding editor and publisher, Achal Mehra, a professor at Albright College in Reading, Pennsylvania.  It focuses on the non-resident Indians (NRIs) in the United States and features editorials and articles on living in the United States while being of Indian heritage and happenings and people from India. Usually there are several NRIs that are highlighted in each issue as well as articles on politics, problems of acculturation and cultural retention that most ABCDs face, news from India, popular culture, students, Bollywood, Indian cuisine and the generation gap.

The magazine is published monthly and has a BPA audited circulation of over 142,000, penetrating almost one in five Indian households in the United States. The magazine is published in nine editions from coast to coast — New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Washington, D.C., Georgia, Florida, Illinois, Texas and California. Little India has won 21 Ippie Awards from the Independent Press Association of New York and seven New American Media awards as well as Magazine of the Year 2006 from the South Asian Students Alliance. Little India is believed to be the largest overseas Indian publication in the world.

See also
 Indians in the New York City metropolitan region

References

External links
 Little India

1991 establishments in Pennsylvania
Lifestyle magazines published in the United States
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Asian-American magazines
Ethnic mass media in the United States
Indian-American culture
Magazines established in 1991
Magazines published in Connecticut
Indian diaspora mass media
Satu Mare Swabians

The Satu Mare Swabians or Sathmar Swabians (German: Sathmarer Schwaben) are a German ethnic group in the Satu Mare () region of Romania. Romanian Germans, they are one of the various Danube Swabian () subgroups that are actually Swabian in heritage, and their dialect, Sathmar Swabian, is similar to the other varieties of the Swabian German dialect.

Most were originally farmers in Upper Swabia who migrated to Partium (at the time Hungary, now Romania) in the 18th century, as part of a widespread eastward movement of German workers and settlers. Their principal settlements were Satu Mare, Carei, Petrești, and Foieni () and they also settled in Urziceni (), Căpleni (), Tiream (), Beltiug (), Ciumești (), and Ardud ().

After World War II, many evacuated, migrated, or were expelled to what became West Germany. Those who remain in Romania, along with other German-speaking groups in this country, are politically represented by the FDGR/DFDR (Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania); in Germany, the Landsmannschaft der Sathmarer Schwaben in Deutschland (Territorial Association of Sathmar Swabians in Germany) represents and assists them. Nowadays, many are more or less magyarized and have become Hungarians.

History 

The Sathmar Swabians' ancestors stem from Upper Swabia () (situated in southern Württemberg area), present-day Germany when the first waves of agricultural colonists arrived in north-western and northern Transylvania during the 18th century, during the end of the Modern Age.

Further reading 

 Povești din folclorul germanilor din România by Roland Schenn, Corint publishing house, 2014 (in Romanian)

References 

Hungarian-German people
Danube-Swabian people
History of Transylvania (1683–1848)
Maramureș
Ethnic groups in Transylvania
Ethnic German groups in Romania