alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
List of counties of the Republic of China

Taiwan Province is divided into 13 counties (縣; hsien) and 3 provincial cities (市; shih):

Note:The cities of Taipei and Kaohsiung are managed directly by the central government and are not part of Taiwan province, though the counties of the same name all around these cities are part of the province. The People's Republic of China, which does not control Taiwan Province, does not recognize Taipei and Kaohsiung as central cities and lists them as provincial cities.

Counties

Provincial Cities  

Republic of China
Asia-related lists
Tbilisi

Tbilisi is the capital, and the largest city in Georgia. It was founded in the 5th century by the Georgian king, Vakhtang Gorgasali. According to legend, when he was hunting, he killed a pheasant which dropped into hot water. Gorgasali discovered there were a lot of hot springs in this place, which he called Tbilisi as tbili means hot in Georgian.

 
5th-century establishments in Europe
Habemus Papam

Habemus Papam refers to the announcement given in Latin by the Senior Cardinal Deacon  when a new Pope has been chosen.

The announcement is given from the central balcony of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. After the announcement, the new pope meets the people and he gives his first Urbi et Orbi blessing to the crowd.

The format for the announcement is:

Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum:
Habemus Papam!

Eminentissimum ac reverendissimum Dominum,
Dominum [First Name],
Sanctæ Romanæ Ecclesiæ Cardinalem [ Last name ],
Qui sibi nomen imposuit [ Papal name ].

This, in English, means:

I announce to you a great joy:
We have a Pope!

The most eminent and most reverend Lord,
the Lord [First Name],
Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church [ Last name ],
Who takes to himself the name of [ Papal name ].

In the Habemus Papam given by Jorge Cardinal Medina Estévez on 19 April 2005 upon the election of Pope Benedict XVI, the announcement was made after a greeting (Dear Brothers and Sisters) in several languages (Italian, Spanish, French, German, and English).

Other websites 
Audio: Pericle Cardinal Felici announcing Karol Cardinal Wojtyła as Pope John Paul II
Xabi Alonso

Xabier "Xabi" Alonso Olano (born 25 November 1981), is a Spanish manager and retired footballer. He played as a midfielder. The last club he played for was Bayern Munich.

Alonso also played for the Spain national team from 2003 until 2014. He retired from football in 2017 and became a manager in 2018 for Real Madrid's youth sectors, which are known as "La Fábrica" (the factory). In 2019, he started coaching Real Sociedad's youth sectors. Real Sociedad is also the club where Alonso began his career in 1999.

Club career statistics 

1 Includes FIFA Club World Cup, FA Community Shield, Supercopa de España and DFL-Supercup.

International career statistics 

|-
|2003||5||0
|-
|2004||11||0
|-
|2005||6||0
|-
|2006||11||1
|-
|2007||6||0
|-
|2008||14||2
|-
|2009||12||4
|-
|2010||16||2
|-
|2011||11||3
|-
|2012||14||3
|-
|2013||3||0
|-
|2014||5||1
|-
!Total||114||16
|}

Managerial statistics

Honours
Liverpool
 FA Cup: 2005–06
 FA Community Shield: 2006
 UEFA Champions League: 2004–05
 UEFA Super Cup: 2005

Real Madrid
 La Liga: 2011–12
 Copa del Rey: 2010–11, 2013–14
 Supercopa de España: 2012
 UEFA Champions League: 2013–14

Bayern Munich
 Bundesliga: 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17
 DFB-Pokal: 2015–16
 DFL-Supercup: 2016

Spain
 FIFA World Cup: 2010
 UEFA European Championship: 2008, 2012

Individual
 Spanish Player of the Year: 2003
 BBC Goal of the Month: November 2004
 FIFA FIFPro World XI: 2011, 2012
 FIFA FIFPro World XI 2nd team: 2014
 FIFA FIFPro World XI 3rd team: 2013
 FIFA FIFPro World XI 4th team: 2015
 FIFA FIFPro World XI 5th team: 2016
 La Liga Best Midfielder: 2011–12
 UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 2012
 UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season: 2013–14
 Bundesliga Team of the Season: 2014–15

Decorations
 Gold Medal of the Royal Order of Sporting Merit: 2011

References 

1981 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
Spanish football managers
Spain at UEFA Euro 2004
Spain at UEFA Euro 2008
Spain at UEFA Euro 2012
Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It has about 1.4 million inhabitants and an area of 496.8 km².

Its main famous park is the 'Parque Dos Expedicionários' also known as 'Parque da Redenção' (Redemption Park, in English).

Porto Alegre became known all over the world by The Social World Forum. Also known worldwide by the hottest city in the world at February, 2009.

Capitals of Brazilian states
Goiânia

Goiânia is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Goiás. It has about 1.2 million inhabitants and an area of .

Capitals of Brazilian states
1610



Events 
 January 7 – Galileo Galilei discovers the Galilean moons of Jupiter.
 March 12 – Swedish troops under Jacob de la Gardie take Moscow
 May 13-14 – Francois Ravaillac assassinates Henry IV of France
 May 27 – Ravaillac is executed by pulling him apart in the Place de Grève
 July 5 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
 October 17 – Louis XIII of France crowned

 Johannes Fabricius is the first to observe sunspots by telescope.
 Poland captures Moscow, just to lose it again to Russian and Swedish troops.
 In Jamestown, Virginia, only 60 out of 500 settlers survive the harsh winter
 King of France expelled Muslims from his realm.
 Henry Hudson discovers Hudson Bay
 Arabella Stuart, pretender to the English throne, imprisoned for marrying William Seymour
 The Orion Nebula is discovered by Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc.
 Bonham's Case decided by Edward Coke chief justice of England's Court of Common Pleas. Coke affirmed the supremacy of the common law which limited the power of Parliament as well as the king.
1677

1677 was a common year.

Events 
 May 29 – Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Indians.
 May 31 – Danish ships clash with Swedish ships under Niels Iuel between Fehmarn and Warnemünde – Danish defeat the Swedish and capture number of ships.
 November 16 – French troops occupy Freiburg.
1508

Year 1508 (MDVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events 
February – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice
June 6 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces;  he is forced to sign a three-year truce and cede several territories to Venice
December 10 – League of Cambrai formed as an alliance against Venice between Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
December – Michelangelo Buonarroti begins work on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Lebna Dengel succeeds his father Na'od as Emperor of Ethiopia. Due to his young age, his grandmother Eleni acts as regent.
Campo Grande

Campo Grande is a city in Brazil. Campo Grande is the capital of Mato Grosso do Sul State of Brazil. Campo Grande means, "Great Field" in Portuguese, the language of Brazil. Campo Grande is home to the official headquarters of the Western Brazilian Army. Campo Grande's nickname is "Brown City," for it's brown colored soil.

Until the 1970s, Mato Grosso do Sul was part of Mato Grosso State. Even when Mato Grosso do Sul was part of Mato Grosso, Campo Grande had more people than the capital of Mato Groso, Cuiabá. When Mato Grosso do Sul left Mato Grosso and became its own Brazilian state, Campo Grande became the new capital.

Campo Grande International Airport serves Campo Grande and all of Mato Grosso do Sul State and the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul is in Campo Grande.

Cities in Mato Grosso do Sul
Capitals of Brazilian states
Cuiabá

Cuiabá is a Brazilian city. It is the capital of the state of Mato Grosso. About 535,000 people live here. Cuiabá has an area of 3,538 km². 

Cities in Brazil
Mato Grosso
Capitals of Brazilian states
Vitória, Espírito Santo

Vitória is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Espírito Santo. It has about 315,000 inhabitants and an area of 93 km². 

Cities in Espírito Santo
Capitals of Brazilian states
Fortaleza

Fortaleza is a city in Brazil. It is the capital of the state of Ceará. The city has a population of about 3 million people. It has an area of . The people who live in the city are known as Fortalezenses. The current mayor is José Sarto. 

The Pinto Martins International Airport connects Fortaleza with the major Brazilian cities. It also operates international flights. The Federal University of Ceará is located in Fortaleza.

Location 
Fortaleza is located in the northeastern part of Brazil. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the east. To the south of the city are the cities of Pacatuba, Eusébio, Maracanaú and Itaitinga. To the east is the county of Aquiraz and the Atlantic Ocean. The city of Caucaia is west of Fortaleza.

Entertainment 
Things to do in Fortaleza includes bars, discos and restaurants. The area also has comedy shows with nationally famous people. An off-season carnival, Fortal, happens in Fortaleza, in July. Changes were made to the carnival in 2008. It now has parking lots, bleachers, and a food court. The event lasts four days. About 1.5 million people enjoy the nationally famous axé music bands. Fortaleza also has music festivals, for example Ceará Music. This event happens every year and lasts for three days. It includes local musicians and international pop rock musicians. Around twenty-five thousand people enjoy the concerts, electronic music tents, and fashion shows.

Capitals of Brazilian states
São Luís, Maranhão

São Luís is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Maranhão. It has about 980,000 inhabitants and an area of 827 km².

Cities in Maranhão
Capitals of Brazilian states
João Pessoa

João Pessoa () is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Paraíba. It has about 660,000 inhabitants and an area of 210.45 km².

Sources

Cities in Paraíba
Capitals of Brazilian states
1585 establishments
16th-century establishments in Brazil
Teresina

Teresina is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Piauí. It has about 900,000 habitants and an area of 1,680 km².

Cities in Brazil
Piauí
Capitals of Brazilian states
Natal, Rio Grande do Norte

Natal is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It has about 780,000 inhabitants and an area of 170 km².

Cities in Rio Grande do Norte
Capitals of Brazilian states
Rio Branco

Rio Branco is a Brazilian city and capital of the state of Acre. About 306,000 people live there. It had an area of 9,223 km².

Cities in Brazil
Municipalities in Acre (state)
Capitals of Brazilian states
Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (, ) is an international organization of 47 member states in the European region. One of its first successes was the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950, which serves as the basis for the European Court of Human Rights.

The seat of the Council of Europe is in Strasbourg on the Franco-German border. The original meeting place was in the city's University Palace. The Palais de l'Europe, about two kilometres from city centre, has taken its place. Membership is open to all European democracies which accept the principle of the rule of law and guarantee fundamental human rights, civil rights and freedoms to their citizens and respect of rights of minority groups.

The Council of Europe is not to be confused with the Council of the European Union or the European Council, as it is a separate organisation and not part of the European Union. But all member states of European Union are also the member states of Council of Europe.

On 15 March 2022, Russia is excluded from Council of Europe because of 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Note

Related pages
European Union
European Convention on Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
Istanbul Convention

Other websites 

Council of Europe - Official site

 
1949 establishments in Europe
Strasbourg
Palmas, Tocantins

Palmas is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Tocantins. It has about 208,000 inhabitants and an area of 2,218.9 km².

Palmas
Tocantins (state)
Capitals of Brazilian states
Macapá

Macapá is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Amapá. It has about 355,000 inhabitants and an area of  6,563 km².

Cities in Brazil
Amapá
Capitals of Brazilian states
Belém

Belém is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Pará. It has about 1.4 million inhabitants and an area of 1.070 km². 

Capitals of Brazilian states
Florianópolis

Florianópolis is a Brazilian city. It is the capital of the state of Santa Catarina. It has about 400,000 people. It has an area of . It is mostly on Santa Catarina Island.

 
Capitals of Brazilian states
Porto Velho

Porto Velho is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Rondônia. It has about 374,000 inhabitants and an area of 34,082 km².

References 

Cities in Rondônia
Capitals of Brazilian states
Boa Vista

Boa Vista is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Roraima. It has 249.655 inhabitants (estimative IBGE 2006) and an area of 5,687 km².

Cities in Brazil
Municipalities in Roraima
Capitals of Brazilian states
Recife

Recife is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Pernambuco. It has about 1.4 million inhabitants and an area of 218 km². 

Capitals of Brazilian states
Recognition

Recognition, or recognize, is when humans or animals know something about the surrounding objects or beings. For example, an animal might recognize another animal as an enemy or friend, dangerous or harmless. These cognitive acts relate to the beings' perception, memory, learning, and experience.

Pattern recognition in software 

In computer programs, pattern recognition tries to teach computers to perceive and recognize things as accurately as possible, how people do it or better. Pattern recognition by computers distinguishes objects, images, fingerprints, writing, audio, faces and other things automatically.

Politics 

When a country recognizes another country, it means that the first country believes that the second country is legal and has a right to be a country.  
Countries that recognize each other have diplomatic relations.  That means they send diplomats to each other, and make different kinds of agreements, about trade, international laws and other things.

Software
Politics
Cognition
Cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis, also known as mucoviscidosis, CF, and 65 roses, is a condition a person may get from their parents. It makes the body make thick, sticky mucus, which builds up in the lungs, the digestive system, and other parts of the body.

If both parents have the cystic fibrosis gene, and pass it into their child, the child will get cystic fibrosis. A cystic fibrosis gene is needed from each parent. The parent might not have cystic fibrosis but still might have the gene. A person with cystic fibrosis is not contagious (they cannot give it to anyone else). There is no cure for cystic fibrosis, but there are a lot of medications that help keep people healthy.

What CF does to the body
Cystic fibrosis affects the entire body. Overall the body has trouble moving salt to the parts of the body that need it. Since the body has trouble moving salt, it piles up in places it is not supposed to like the lungs, stomach and intestines.

Lungs
In the lungs when salt gets stuck it causes there to be less water which makes mucus become very thick. It becomes very hard to breathe. The treatment for this is breathing medicine to help add water to the lungs to keep the mucus thinner so it is easier to cough up. When there is thinner and less mucus it is easier to breathe.

Treatment
There is no cure for cystic fibrosis. Even though people can do things to stay healthy. Healthy habits keep the person from getting more sick. People can stay clean. People can stay away from germs. They can drink water to help the mucus go away. Taking enzymes help digest food if there is mucus in the stomach.

Exercise clears mucus. It builds strong muscles and bones and strengthens the lungs. Taking vitamins helps the body fight off the infection. It also helps the body grow and function well.

 Inhaled antibiotics are used to keep bacteria from growing in the thick mucus.
 Inhaled salt-water helps keep the lungs moisturized

Testing for cystic fibrosis
 Sweat chloride test - this tests the salt level of a persons sweat.
 Genetic test - this is used if the sweat test is positive to see if they have both genes.

65 roses
"65 roses" is how some children refer to their condition since cystic fibrosis is difficult for a young child to say. '65 Roses' is also a trademarked phrase by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation to help control its use. It is a very helpful way for young children to understand. When spoken aloud, it sounds similar to cystic fibrosis.

References 

Genetic disorders
Respiratory system
De facto

De facto is a phrase from the Latin language that means "in fact" or "in practice".  It is often used in contrast to de jure (which means "by law") when talking about law, governance, or technique.  When talking about law, "de jure" is used to describe what the law says, and "de facto" is used to describe what actually happens.

De facto is sometimes also used when there is no appropriate law or standard, but a common practice, that may not necessarily be widely accepted, exists. For example, the de jure name of Bill Clinton is William Jefferson Clinton.  This is his name according to official records.  His de facto name is Bill Clinton because this is what he is usually called.

Latin phrases
Legal terms
Househusband

A  man who considers himself married and manages the household as his main occupation and whose spouse/partner usually earns the family income. Often looking after the children because the wife earns a better living. 

Family
Port Dover, Ontario

Port Dover is a small fishing town in Ontario, Canada. During Friday the 13th, motorcycle fans dominate the town. There is also the famous Arbor Restaurant stand in the southern part of town where Cherry Glows are served instead of soft drinks and the bees frequent the outdoor place as much as the local customers and tourists do.

There was a public high school in the town where students aged 14 to 21 years of age study to earn their Ontario High School Diploma; it closed at the end of the 2013-14 school year. Port Dover is also the home to Ms. Carrie Sinkowski, a leader for rural equality, and a former candidate for the Canadian House of Commons. Live theatre is also done here as well as a miniature golf course, a beach, and a thriving seaport just to name a few attractions that Port Dover has to offer.

The town is dominated with little shops, with very few franchised businesses in the town; which sells irregular consumer items like British merchandise, local souvenirs and T-shirts that appeal to young tourists. Notable exceptions include Tim Hortons and Giant Tiger department store. On Friday the 13th, motorcycle people come to town in order to drink beer. However, they must be at least 19 years of age to perform this activity. While some violence has resulted in previous years, the 2007 running of the PD13 event was peaceful.

Cities in Ontario
Julius Nyerere

Julius Kambarage Nyerere (April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999), also known as Mwalimu (teacher), was President of Tanzania from 1964 to 1985. He was born in Butiama, Tanganyika.

Nyerere led Tanganyika to independence from the United Kingdom in 1961. He became the new country's first Prime Minister. The country became a republic in 1962. Nyerere was the country's first president. In 1964, Tanganyika united politically with Zanzibar and was renamed Tanzania. Nyerere was unopposed as the first president of the new country.

Nyerere used political repression against opponents. His attempt at using his socialist ideas of Ujamaa failed. This made Tanzania very poor and caused widespread starvation. He led the overthrow of Idi Amin's regime in Uganda.

Nyerere died of leukemia in London, England.

References

Other websites 
Official website

1922 births
1999 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Presidents of Tanzania
Prime Ministers of Tanzania
Socialists
Makerere University alumni
Tanzanian Roman Catholics
Interahamwe

The Interahamwe (pronounced Een-tair-ah-hahm-way, with the 't' pronounced as an 'h') was the main mob army that started the Rwandan Genocide in 1994. In this mass murder, about one million Hutu and Tutsi people were killed.

Methods 
The Interahamwe usually used machetes ('mupanga') to do the killing, but guns, grenades and primitive tools like nail-studded clubs and hoes were also used.

Beginning 
About a half an hour after the President of Rwanda, Juvénal Habyarimana, was killed on the night of April 6, 1994, Interahamwe roadblocks were put up all over the city of Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. The violence that followed would last about 100 days. This resulted in at least 500,000 deaths, but some say even up to 800,000-1,000,000 deaths.

1994 in Africa
Rebel militia groups in Africa
Rwandan genocide
Democratic Kampuchea

Democratic Kampuchea was the official name of Cambodia/Kampuchea from 1976 to January 1979, during the Khmer Rouge Years, though the international community recognized it for ten more years. Its leader was Pol Pot, and its national anthem (song) was Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey. It was succeeded by the People's Republic of Kampuchea upon the Vietnamese invasion in 1979. While Democratic Kampuchea existed, about 20% of its population died either because of starvation, brutality, or execution. The four-year period saw the deaths of approximately two million Cambodians through the combined result of political executions, starvation, and forced labour.  Due to the large numbers, the deaths during the rule of the Khmer Rouge are often considered a genocide, and commonly known as the Cambodian Holocaust or Cambodian Genocide.
The Khmer Rouge period ended with the invasion of Cambodia by neighbour and former ally Vietnam in the Cambodian–Vietnamese War, which left Cambodia under Vietnamese occupation for a decade.

References

1970s in Cambodia
Former countries in Southeast Asia
Genocides in Asia
1976 establishments in Asia
Establishments in Cambodia
1979 disestablishments in Asia
Former socialist republics
Former dictatorships
Lindsborg, Kansas

Lindsborg is an American city in the state of Kansas. It is called "Little Sweden"  and is located in McPherson County. Lindsborg is home to Bethany College.

References

Cities in Kansas
Customer service

Customer service is doing things to satisfy a purchaser's needs. This may be before, during, or after the purchase. A major part of customer service is helping if merchandise is broken or not working properly. These situations are usually covered by a customer service policy. Many stores will have a special desk or area where people can take their complaints. One purpose is to persuade the customer to buy other things later.

Related pages

 Sales

Commerce
Sarcasm

Sarcasm is a figure of speech or speech comment which is extremely difficult to define. It is often a statement or comment which means the opposite of what it says. It may be made with the intent of humour, or it may be made to be hurtful.

The basic meaning is to be hostile under the cover of friendliness. The word's origin is Greek, sarcasmus, see sarchasaristic (Hobson 2018). However, it usually comes with a cue which helps the receiver to understand it. For example, a mother saying "Oh, that's clever!" when a child makes a mistake always signals her love with her tone of voice. Quite different when a hostile person says "Oh, here comes Mr Clever-clogs!". So a person learns how to decode the message.

Much more difficult it is when someone uses a neutral tone of voice, as in "deadpan" or "dry humor". Psychologists think such cases are basically hostile.

A point to remember is that it does not travel well in writing or translation.

Related pages 
Irony

References 

Human communication
Figures of speech
Brand

Brand might mean:

 an iron rod used to burn an ownership mark on cattle
 a trademark: a name, symbol, logo, or other item used to mark a product or maker. This distinguishes it from other companies and their products.
a surname:
David Brand (1912-1979), Australian politician
Joel Brand (1906-1964), Hungarian humanitarian
Ron Brand (born 1940), American retired baseball player
Russell Brand (born 1975), British entertainer
Scratch and sniff

Scratch and sniff refers to paper that produces an odor when it is scratched. Scratch and sniff is mostly used on stickers. Scratch and sniff stickers are frequently given to children as a reward for doing well in school.

Scratch and sniff is created by covering the odor in a covering that breaks easily when it is scratched. Because the odor is covered, it can be kept for a very long time.

Chemistry
Apple pie

An apple pie is a pie or tart filled with apples. Sometimes it has whipped cream or ice cream on top. It is a common type of pie. It is commonly associated with American culture, e.g. the expression 'As American as apple pie'.

Other websites

A Apple Pie, by Kate Greenaway, 1886. Woodblock printed children's book, based on a much earlier rhyme; from Project Gutenberg
Apple Pie  The largest apple pie recipes collection on the planet

Apple products
Pies
Pumpkin pie

Pumpkin pie is a dessert pie with a spiced pumpkin-based custard filling. The pumpkin is a symbol of harvest time. In the United States and Canada, it is usually prepared for Thanksgiving and other occasions when pumpkin is in season.

Pies made from pumpkins use pie pumpkins that are about six-to-eight inches in diameter. Pie pumpkins are mostly smaller than jack-o'lantern pumpkins.

History
The pumpkin is native to North America. The pumpkin was an early export to France. During the 17th century, pumpkin pie recipes could be found in English cookbooks, like Hannah Woolley's The Gentlewoman's Companion (1675). But pumpkin "pies" made by early American colonists back then were more likely to be a savory soup rather than sweet custard in a crust.

It was not until the 19th century that pumpkin pie recipes appeared in American cookbooks. It also was not until that century that they became a part of the Thanksgiving dinner. The Pilgrims brought the pumpkin pie back to New England. The English method of cooking the pumpkin took a different course.

In the United States after the American Civil War, the pumpkin pie was resisted in the Southern United States as a symbol of Yankee culture brought to the South. Instead, the Southern United States prepared sweet potato pie.

In popular culture

 Lydia Marie Child's Thanksgiving poem "Over the River and Through the Wood" refers to pumpkin pie in one of its verses. 

 John Greenleaf Whittier wrote in his poem "The Pumpkin":

Songs
"There's No Place like Home for the Holidays" makes a reference to homemade pumpkin pie from a man who wants to return to Pennsylvania"
"Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" says: "Later we'll have some pumpkin pie/And we'll do some caroling"
"Sleigh Ride makes reference to a happy feeling "as they pass around the coffee and the pumpkin pie"

References

Pies
Desserts
Pumpkin

A pumpkin is a type of a squash which is a fruit. They are usually orange, but they can also be purple, red, blue, or white. Pumpkins are usually shaped like spheres or stretched-out spheres.

People can eat pumpkins. Often, people make pumpkins into pies or soups. People can eat and cook pumpkin seeds. People also use pumpkins for decoration, for example, when people make jack-o-lanterns at Halloween.

It also has a few noted uses in folk medicine. It has been traditionally used in some Native American tribes for treating intestinal and kidney problems. However, these uses may not be reliable.

Fruits
Cucurbitaceae
Vegetables
Ribeirão Preto

Ribeirão Preto is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population, in 2005, was 551,312 inhabitants and its area is 652.2 km². Its name means Black Creek in Portuguese.

Other websites

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Guarulhos

Guarulhos is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population was 1,251,179 inhabitants in 2005 and its area is 317.1 km².

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Santos, São Paulo

Santos is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population was 418,316 inhabitants . Its area is .

Other websites 
 Santos City Hall

Cities in São Paulo (state)
1546 establishments
1540s establishments in South America
São José dos Campos

São José dos Campos is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population in 2005 was 600,049 inhabitants. It is located about 100 km (63 miles) from the city of São Paulo and has an area of 1,100 km² (424.7 mi²).

Cities in São Paulo (state)
São Bernardo do Campo

São Bernardo do Campo () is a Brazilian city in the ABC Region, state of São Paulo. Its population in 2003 was 745,161. Its area is .

The city was founded in 1553, one of the first cities in Brazil.
São Bernardo do Campo is very known because of the automobiles industries that came in 1950s, like: Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, Daimler Chrysler and Ford.

Other websites 

 Official site of São Bernardo do Campo

Cities in São Paulo (state)
1550s establishments in South America
16th-century establishments in Brazil
1553 establishments
Santo André

Santo André is a Brazilian city in ABC Region, state of São Paulo. Its population in 2007 was 667,891. Its area is .

Other websites 
 Official site of Santo André

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Osasco

Osasco is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population in 2016 was 696,382 inhabitants. Its area is 65 km².

Other websites 
 Official site of Osasco

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Sorocaba

Sorocaba is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population in 2005 was 565.180 inhabitants and its area is 449 km².

Other websites 
 Official site of Sorocaba

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Google Earth

Google Earth is a virtual globe program that was first called Earth Viewer and was created by Keyhole, Inc.  It maps the surface of the earth by combining pictures taken by satellites and airplanes.  There are also three-dimensional maps where you can look at the area from different angles.  It is quite similar to Google Maps.

Google Earth is interactive, and lets the user direct the whole globe, look at satellite imagery with overlays of roads, buildings, geographic features, and more. 

Teachers can use it to evaluate and strengthen students' visual literacy. Students can use it to develop a background for three-dimensional and cultural differences globally.

References

Other websites 
Official Google Earth website
7 Things You Should Know About Google Earth

Earth
Internet
Google Maps

Google Maps is a mapping website from Google, and also the name for the technology that it works on. It provides satellite pictures and road maps for anywhere in the world.

Google Maps also shows the locations of many places and businesses (called points of interest). It can provide street addresses, phone numbers, and URLs to their websites. It can generate directions between different places using many ways of transport, such as by car, bike, public transport, and even by air, and show traffic traffic congestion. Maps can be embedded on other websites via the Google Maps Application programming interface. It has a feature called Google Street View, which provides photos of streets in some places so one can see what it is like if they were standing in that area of the Earth in real life.

Google Maps was started on February 8, 2005, and uses JavaScript, XML and AJAX. Its website works in almost any web browser or through mobile applications on platforms like iOS and Android. Google has a "Local Guides" program where anybody can write reviews and upload photos or videos of places, as well as make changes to the maps (such as adding new places or removing closed places). This is much like how a person can contribute to Google Translate or to Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation websites.

Related pages
Google Earth
Google Maps (application)

Other websites
Google Maps

Maps
Google Videos

Google Videos is a division of the search engine Google that searches video sharing websites (YouTube, Dailymotion, etc.) for search results. 

It is the successor to Google Video, a Google website that allowed people to upload videos through its servers so that they can be shared online. Google Video discontinued its service in August 2012, because of the high popularity of YouTube, which is a subsidiary of Google.

Other websites 
 Official website

Video
Zane Lowe

Alexander Zane Reid Lowe (born 7 August 1973) is a New Zealand radio disc jockey in the United Kingdom. He presents an early evening show on the British music radio station BBC Radio 1 on Mondays to Thursdays. Lowe also presented shows on the music television station MTV2.

Other websites
Official website 

1973 births
Living people
Musicians from Auckland
New Zealand radio personalities
New Zealand television presenters
Tentacle

A tentacle is a part of the body of an animal or plant that can move freely. They are like arms. Some invertebrates, like squid, sea anemones or hydras have them. They use the tentacles to catch food, or to grip the sourroundings. Some carnivorous plants, such as the Drosera, also may have tentacles.

Animal anatomy
Javelin

A javelin is a light spear designed to be thrown. Historically it was a weapon, but from the Ancient Greeks to today it is used for sport. The javelin is almost always thrown by hand.

The javelin throw is a sports event, one of the field events which survive from the original Olympic Games. The athlete holds the javelin in one hand and, while running, throws it as far as possible. It is an official Olympic sport.

Unlike other throwing events, javelin allows the competitor to build speed over a considerable distance.

Related pages 

Discus throw
Hammer throw
Shot put
Track and field athletics

References

Sports equipment
Sea anemone

Sea anemones are Cnidarian animals that live in the sea. They are polyps, one of the basic forms of the phylum. They are predatory animals, which paralyse their prey with stinging nematocysts. These fire a harpoon-like structure which delivers a dose of neurotoxins. To eat the fish, or crustacean, they move the prey into their stomach, where they are slowly digested. 

Anemones are sessile. This means they like to stay in one area. They can move very slowly along the bottom.  Some types can swim to a new location by using flexing movements. Many species live in rockpools between high tide and low tide, and on rocky shores generally. Anemones can be found in deep oceans as well, and a few are pelagic.

An anemone has an oral disk on the top of its body. The sea anemone’s mouth and gut are in the middle of the oral disk. The tentacles surround the oral disk. The pedal disc is on the bottom of the sea anemone.

Some sea anemones live in symbiosis with other animals. clownfish, Incognito goby, and arrow crabs may shelter among the tentacles of the anemone. Hermit crabs often have sea anemones on the shell they live in. Some anemones have a symbiosis with a type of algae which lives inside them. This is the same thing many corals do. The dinoflagellate algae use sunlight to make food, and the anemone uses some of the food.

The first detailed investigation of sea anemones was a survey of those found on or near the beaches of the British Isles by the naturalist Philip Henry Gosse.

References 

Cnidarians
Polyp

Polyps are one of two forms of the cnidarians. The other body form is the medusa. Polyps have a vase-shaped body with tentacles around the mouth opening.

Polyps may be sexual or asexual. They can all reproduce asexually by budding. In some species, the polyps can also reproduce sexually.

When medusae mate, the result may be polyps, when polyps replicate, the result may be medusae. The details vary between species. Some species are polyps all the time (such as Hydra, and the whole of the class Anthozoa (corals and anemones). 

In many cases the asexual buds formed do not separate from the parent but remain, thus forming colonies or 'stocks'. These may reach a great size, and contain a vast number of individuals. Slight differences in the method of budding produce great variations in the form of the colonies. The reef-building corals are polyp-colonies, strengthened by the formation of a firm skeleton.

Jellyfish (class Medusozoa) have two distinct life history stages (body forms) during their life cycle. The first is the polyp stage. Often, this polyp is attached to the sea floor, or to another hard surface. A polyp that lives that way is called sessile. 

In the second stage, the tiny polyps asexually produce jellyfish, each of which is known as a medusa. Tiny jellyfish swim away from the polyp and then grow and feed in the plankton. Jellyfish reproduce both sexually and asexually.

References 

Cnidarians
Dravidian languages

The Dravidian languages are a language family spoken by the Dravidian peoples. The languages are mainly spoken in South India, western Bangladesh, northern Sri Lanka and southern Pakistan. There are about 26 languages in this family. A total of about 215 million people speak Dravidian languages.

Dravidian languages probably used to be spoken over a larger area of the Indian subcontinent. There are several ethnic groups in India, known as "Scheduled Tribes", that still speak their own Dravidian languages. Brahui, with 2,200,000 speakers, is a Dravidian language that is spoken in the Balochistan region of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Dhangar, which is a dialect of Kurukh, is spoken in parts of Nepal and Bhutan. The main Dravidian are as follows
 Telugu: 85,000,000 speakers
 Tamil: 75,000,000 speakers
 Kannada: 49,000,000 speakers
 Malayalam: 38,000,000 speakers

There are about 30 other Dravidian languages that are spoken, but they have far fewer speakers, such as Tulu and the Brahui, which is the only Dravidian language that is not spoken in India.

Related pages 

 Languages of South Asia
East Pakistan

East Pakistan was part of Pakistan. Between 1955 and 1971, Pakistan was made of West Pakistan (which is now simply called Pakistan) and East Pakistan, which is now known as Bangladesh. In 1971, there was the Bangladesh Liberation War, where East and West Pakistan fought each other. India also took part in the war, on the side of East Pakistan.

History of Pakistan
History of Bangladesh
William III of England

William III and II (4 November 1650 – 8 March 1702) was King of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689 (as William III) and he was king of Scotland from 11 April 1689 (as William II). He remained king until his death on 8 March 1702.

William was born in the Netherlands as Prince William Henry of Orange. His mother was Mary Stuart. Mary was the sister of the King of England, James II, so King James was William's uncle. William married King James's daughter Mary (his own first cousin) on 4 November 1677.

The Protestant majority in  England did not like King James, and he was overthrown in the "Glorious Revolution" of 1688. William landed in England (at Brixham) with a Dutch army.
When William landed, James's support melted away. James was allowed to leave for France, and William became the last person to successfully invade England by force. The events are known as the Glorious Revolution. 

The English Parliament offered the English crown to William and Mary jointly (and when one died the other would be monarch), making them William III and Mary II. This later came to be known as the reign of William and Mary. Laws were passed which protected Parliament from unreasonable acts of the Sovereign, guaranteed religious toleration to Protestant nonconformists, but restricted the religious liberty of Roman Catholics and non-Christian faiths.

William summoned a Convention of the Estates of Scotland in 1689 and sent them a conciliatory (~friendly) letter, unlike James, who had tried to give them orders.  On 11 April, the day of the English coronation, the Convention finally declared that James was no longer King of Scotland. William and Mary were offered the Scottish crown, and they accepted on 11 May. The Jacobites tried for over 50 years to have James and his heirs reinstalled.

William's enemy was the King of France, Louis XIV, who protected and supported James in his efforts to return. In Ireland, the majority Roman Catholics were reinforced by French forces led by Jacobites. William personally led his army to victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. James fled back to France. 

There was next a Nine Years' War between a coalition led by William, and France. The Anglo-Dutch Alliance did well on sea and defeated a French fleet at La Hogue in 1692. On the other hand, the alliance lost Namur in 1692, and the Battle of Landen on land, in 1693.

Mary died on 12 December 1694 of smallpox, leaving William to rule alone. He was eventually succeeded by his sister-in-law, Queen Anne. One more fact is of great importance. In 1701 an Act of Parliament was passed which settled the succession of the thrones of England and Ireland on Protestants only. Scotland was not part of this arrangement until the parliamentary union of the two kingdoms in 1707.

References

Notes

Other websites 
 William III (Britain) Citizendium

1650 births
1702 deaths
Dutch royalty
House of Orange-Nassau
Kings and Queens of Scotland
17th century in Scotland
17th century in England
Abigail Fillmore

Abigail Powers Fillmore (March 13, 1798 – March 30, 1853), was the wife of Millard Fillmore, the 13th President of the United States. She acted as the First Lady of the United States from 1850 to 1853.

She was born in Saratoga County, New York. Her father’s name was Lemuel Powers. Her father died shortly after her birth. After this, her mother moved away westward to less settled area. Abigail Powers had a brother also. Their mother gave them a good education with the help of her husband’s library. 

When Abigail Powers was around 19 years old and a student at an academy at New Hope, New York, she met Millard Fillmore. He was also studying in the same academy. They married in February 1826. In 1828, she had a son, named Millard Powers Fillmore. After few years, Fillmore bought a home in Buffalo, New York where she had a daughter, Mary Abigail. During the next few years, her husband was elected to the U.S. Congress. Her husband became a state comptroller. In 1849, her husband became the Vice President of the United States. The couple moved to the Washington, D.C.. After 16 months, President Zachary Taylor died. Millard Fillmore became the President and they moved into the White House.

During last several years, Abigail Powers had learnt to move in the high society. She did a fine role as the First Lady. 

She had a permanently injured ankle. This made standing difficult to greet guests. But she still continued to act as the first lady. Later on, due to her bad health, she gave many routine duties of the First Lady to her daughter, "Abby." 

Abigail Powers could get a special sanction of money from the government. With this, she bought many books for the library at the White House. After her husband’s retirement, she attended the inauguration of President Franklin Pierce. She returned to her hotel room. Due to very chill weather, she became sick with pneumonia. On 30th March, 1853, she died of pneumonia. In her respect, the United States Congress adjourned (that is, stopped working) for that day, and government offices remained closed. She was buried at Buffalo. 

After about five years of her death, her husband married a widow named Caroline Fillmore of Buffalo, New York. Millard died on March 8, 1874. 

1798 births
1853 deaths
18th-century American people
First Ladies of the United States
Second Ladies of the United States
Millard Fillmore
Keith Richards

Keith Richards (born 18 December 1943) is an English guitarist best known as a founder member of the Rolling Stones.

The Rolling Stones 
He is mostly famous for his rhythm guitar playing, but he can also play lead guitar quite well. He often likes to use a guitar with only 5 strings—the lowest-tuned string is removed. On a small number of Rolling Stones recordings, he plays bass guitar, as well as other instruments.

He sings background vocals on most Rolling Stones songs. Occasionally, he also sings lead vocals, on songs like "Happy", "Little T & A", and "The Worst".

In 2003 he was ranked 10th on Rolling Stone Magazine's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".

Richards has co-written and recorded hundreds of songs with his song writing partner Mick Jagger. Fourteen of their songs are listed by Rolling Stone Magazine in their "500 Greatest Songs of All Time" issue. Keith is one of two members of the Rolling Stones to have both; played on all releases and, be in the band during its entire run. The other member to do so is Mick Jagger.

Keith is best known for playing a yellow Fender Telecaster.

Jagger/Richards 
Jagger/Richards is the songwriting duo of Keith and Rolling Stones lead singer Mick Jagger. Jagger and Richards first met in primary school, but would not see each other until after they both left primary school. The two would meet many years later in 1962 at a train station. They became friends after the meeting and are still friends now.

Personal life 
During the late 1960s and most of the 1970s, he had a serious addiction to heroin. However, he recovered and quit using it. Sometimes, in interviews, he talks about taking drugs in a way that seems humorous.

Discography

The Rolling Stones
Studio albums
 England's Newest Hit Makers (1964)
 12 X 5 (1964)
 The Rolling Stones, Now! (1965)
 Out of Our Heads (1965)
 December's Children (And Everybody's) (1965)
 Aftermath (1966)
 Between the Buttons (1967)
 Their Satanic Majesties Request (1967)
 Beggars Banquet (1968)
 Let It Bleed (1969)
 Sticky Fingers (1971)
 Exile on Main St. (1972)
 Goats Head Soup (1973)
 It's Only Rock 'n Roll (1974)
 Black and Blue (1976)
 Some Girls (1978)
 Emotional Rescue (1980)
 Tattoo You (1981)
 Undercover (1983)
 Dirty Work (1986)
 Steel Wheels (1989)
 Voodoo Lounge (1994)
 Bridges to Babylon (1997)
 A Bigger Bang (2005)
 GRRR! (2012)

Notes 

1943 births
Living people
English rock composers
English rock guitarists
English rock singers
Musicians from Kent
People from Dartford
The Rolling Stones members