alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Pir (Sufism)

Pir () or Peer is a title for a Sufi spiritual guide. They are also referred to as a Hazrat (from ) and Sheikh or Shaykh, which is literally the Arabic equivalent. The title is often translated into English as "saint". In Sufism, a Pir's role is to guide and instruct his disciples on the Sufi path. This is often done by general lessons (called Suhbas) and individual guidance. Other words that refer to a Pir include Murshid () and Sarkar ().

The title Peer Baba (from ) is common in the Indian subcontinent used as a salutation to Sufi masters or similarly honored persons. After their death, people visit their tombs or mausolea, referred to as dargah or maqbara.

This title is mostly used by Sayyids, who are descendants of Prophet Muhammad.

The path of Sufism starts when a student takes an oath of allegiance with a teacher called Bai'at or Bay'ah  (Arabic word meaning "transaction") where he swears allegiance at the hands of his Pir and repents of all his previous sins. After that, the student is called a Murid (Arabic word meaning committed one). From here, his batin (esoteric) journey starts.

A Pir usually has authorizations to be a teacher for one (or more) tariqahs. A tariqah may have more than one Pir at a time. A Pir is accorded that status by his Sheikh by way of Khilafat or Khilafah (Arabic word meaning "succession"), a process in which the Pir identifies one of his disciples as his successor, which may be more than one.

The title is also written as Pirzada or Peerzada. The people having this title also write Shah. The title is most used by Pirs of Sindh. The title is common in Iran, India and Afghanistan.

See also
 Spiritual direction
 Satya Pir, a folk hero
 Syed Pir Badshah, Persian author of Bengal
 Panchpiria, an ethnic group defined by their reverence for five pirs

References

Further reading
 

Persian words and phrases
Islamic honorifics
Religious leadership roles
Sufism in India
Sufism in Pakistan
Paradise Lost (disambiguation)

Paradise Lost is an epic Christian poem by John Milton.

Paradise Lost may also refer to:

Music
Paradise Lost (band), a British gothic metal band

Albums
Paradise Lost (Cirith Ungol album)
Paradise Lost (Delta Heavy album)
Paradise Lost, a 2005 album by Hasan Salaam
Paradise Lost (Symphony X album)
Paradise Lost (Paradise Lost album)

Songs
"Paradise Lost (You're the Reason Why)", a song by Half Man Half Biscuit from the 2002 album Cammell Laird Social Club
"Paradise Lost", a song by Kaya from the 2006 album Glitter
Paradise Lost (Herd song), 1967
"Paradise Lost" (Minori Chihara song), 2008
"Paradise Lost", a song by Hollywood Undead from the 2008 album Swan Songs
"Paradise Lost", a song by Gain from the 2015 EP Hawwah
"Paradise Lost", a song by the band Paradise Lost from the 1990 album Lost Paradise
"Paradise Lost, a poem by John Milton", a song by The Used from the 2020 album Heartwork

Film

Paradise Lost (1940 film), a French drama film directed by Abel Gance
Paradise Lost (1971 film), a 1971 tv movie of the play by Clifford Odets (1935)
Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills, a 1996 documentary
Paradise Lost 2: Revelations, a 2000 sequel to Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills
Paradise Lost 3: Purgatory, the 2012, third installment to Paradise Lost: The Child Murders at Robin Hood Hills
Kamen Rider 555: Paradise Lost, a 2003 movie retelling of the tokusatsu TV series Masked Rider 555
Paradise Lost, also known as Turistas, a 2006 vacation horror film
Jonestown: Paradise Lost, 2007 docudrama about the Jonestown tragedy
Eden of the East the Movie II: Paradise Lost, the second theatrical release for the animated series Eden of the East (2010)
Paradise Lost (2011 film), a Chinese teen sex comedy film
Escobar: Paradise Lost, a 2014 romantic thriller film

Theater
Paradise Lost (Penderecki), a 1978 opera by Krzysztof Penderecki
Paradise Lost (play), a 1935 American drama by Clifford Odets
Paradise Lost: Shadows and Wings, a 2007 opera by Eric Whitacre

Television
Paradise Lost (2020 TV series), an American television series debuted in 2020
Paradise Lost (upcoming TV series), an American television series

Episodes
"Paradise Lost" (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) (2016)
"Paradise Lost" (Bionic Woman) (2007)
"Paradise Lost" (Eureka Seven episode) (2005)
"Paradise Lost" (Justice League episode) (2002)
"Paradise Lost" (Sliders) (1997)
"Paradise Lost" (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine) (1996)
"Paradise Lost" (Stargate SG-1) (2003)
"Paradise Lost" (TaleSpin) (1991)
"Paradise Lost" (The Unit) (2007)

Books
Paradise Lost (novel), the third novel in the Japanese mystery series Joker Game
Paradise Lost: Smyrna 1922, a 2008 historical book by Giles Milton

Other uses
Paradise Lost (video game), a 2007 arcade version of Far Cry Instincts
Shitsurakuen, (translated literally as "Paradise Lost") a shōnen manga by Naomura Tooru
GTO: Paradise Lost, a 2014 manga by Tooru Fujisawa
Paradise Lost Orienteers, the orienteering club of the Gold Coast of Australia.

See also
Lost Paradise (disambiguation)
Paradises Lost
Braunau in Rohr Abbey

Braunau in Rohr Abbey (Kloster Braunau in Rohr) is a Benedictine monastery, formerly Rohr Abbey, a monastery of the Augustinian Canons, in Rohr in Niederbayern in the district of Kelheim in Bavaria, Germany.

Rohr Abbey: First foundation
The monastery, dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, was founded in 1133 by Adalbert of Rohr. It was dissolved in the secularization of 1803 when the German princes substituted church lands for property they had lost through Napoleon. In the east wing the parish priest's offices and a school were accommodated, and in a part of the west wing, an inn. The remaining buildings were demolished.

Abbey church
The abbey church, dedicated, like the abbey, to the Assumption, contains a high altar, which represents the Assumption of the Virgin in fully three-dimensional sculpture: a "Theatrum sacrum". It was created by Egid Quirin Asam in 1722 and 1723.

Braunau in Rohr Abbey: Second foundation
After World War II the exiled German Benedictine monks from Braunau Abbey (Braunau is now Broumov in the Czech Republic) were lodged here in part of the east wing. They gradually re-established their community, acquiring little by little the remaining parts of the entire monastery complex. The monks have re-established a secondary school here.

The abbey has been part of the Bavarian Congregation of the  Benedictine Confederation since 1984.

External links
 Braunau-Rohr Website (also with good English text)
  Klöster in Bayern

Benedictine monasteries in Germany
Monasteries in Bavaria
1130s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1133 establishments in Europe
1130s establishments in Germany
Religious organizations established in the 1130s
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
Kovzha

The Kovzha () is a river in the Vytegorsky, Belozersky, and Vashkinsky districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It originates from Lake Kovzhskoye and is a tributary of Lake Beloye. It is  long, and the area of its basin . The Kovzha River is a part of the Volga–Baltic Waterway. The main tributaries are the Tumba and the Shola (both right).

The source of the Kovzha is in the western bay of Lake Kovzhskoye. The river follows about  its natural course and then joins the Volga–Baltic Waterway and turns south. In the lower course, the Kovzha forms the border between Belozersky and Vashkinsky Districts. The lowest course of the river is a water reservoir. Here the Kovzha accepts the Shola, its main tributary, from the right.

The river basin of the Kovzha comprises the central part of Vytegorsky District, the western part of Vashkinsky District, and the northern part of Belozersky District. It is limited in the east by the river basin of the Kema, in the north and the west by the river basins of tributaries of Lake Onega, most notably the Vytegra, and in the south by the basin of the Megra, another tributary of lake Beloye.

Between 1927 and 1959 the selo of Annensky Most, in the middle stream of the Kovzha, was the administrative center of Kovzhinsky District. The name of the district originated from the name of the river. In 1959, the district was abolished, and its area was split between Vashkinsky and Vytegorsky Districts.

References

Rivers of Vologda Oblast
Mackensen

Mackensen may refer to:

 Mackensen (Dassel), a village in Dassel, Lower Saxony, Germany
 August von Mackensen (1849-1945), German World War I field marshal
 Two of his sons:
 Eberhard von Mackensen (1889-1969), German World War II general
 Hans Georg von Mackensen (1883-1947), German diplomat
 Fritz Mackensen (1866-1953), German painter
 Isabel Mackensen-Geis (born 1986), German politician
 , German World War I class of ships
 , the lead ship of the Mackensen class of battlecruisers
Union of Women Teachers

The Union of Women Teachers (UWT) was a trade union for female teachers in the United Kingdom.

The National Union of Women Teachers dissolved in 1960, and women teachers thereafter could choose to join either the National Union of Teachers or the Association of Assistant Mistresses.  The National Association of Schoolmasters (NAS), while not wanting to admit women as members, was concerned that both the alternative unions were hostile to them.  As a result, in 1964, the NAS encouraged the formation of the Union of Women Teachers.

The union was always small, and by 1969 had only 2,000 members, although it grew to 6,000 by 1975.  Due to its small size, it worked closely with the NAS, particularly on legal and professional matters.  In 1970, the two unions formed an alliance, the "Joint Two".  The UWT was refused permission to join the Trades Union Congress in 1974.

The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 made it unlawful to maintain a single-sex union.  As a result, the NAS proposed a merger with the UWT.  The UWT leadership opposed this, but were outvoted at the union's annual conference.  The general secretary, Penny Yaffe, left the platform in protest, along with most of the union's executive committee.  They were declared by the union's president to have thereby resigned, and the merger went ahead, forming  the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers.  However, Yaffe founded the rival Association of Career Teachers.

General Secretaries
1965: Sally Rogers
1967: Beryl Gandy
1969: Geraldine Jones
1970: Penny Yaffe

References

Education trade unions
Defunct trade unions of the United Kingdom
1964 establishments in the United Kingdom
Trade unions established in 1964
Trade unions disestablished in 1976
Alagasco

Alabama Gas Corporation, known as Alagasco was the largest natural gas utility in the north and central part of Alabama. It was headquartered in Birmingham and at its peak provided natural gas energy to 460,000 homes and businesses.  

In 2014, Energen Corporation sold Alagasco to The Laclede Group of St. Louis. After the acquisition of several other energy holdings, the company was rebranded as Spire in 2017.  

Within Spire Inc., service territory formerly under Alagasco is now referred to as Spire Alabama Inc.

External links
 
 The Spire Inc website

References

Defunct natural gas companies of the United States
Companies based in Birmingham, Alabama
Energy in Alabama
Companies established in 1852
1852 establishments in Alabama
Heather Menzies

Heather Menzies Urich (December 3, 1949 – December 24, 2017) was a Canadian–American model and actress, known for her roles as Louisa von Trapp in the 1965 film The Sound of Music and Jessica 6 in the TV series Logan's Run.

Early life
Heather Margaret Brotherston Menzies was born in Toronto on December 3, 1949, to Scottish parents who had left the United Kingdom for Canada after the war. Her father was a struggling artist. By Menzies' 14th birthday, she had lived in Vancouver, Miami, London, and Southern California. She had a younger sister, Sheila, and an older brother, Neil, who died in 2019.

Menzies was a graduate of John Burroughs High School in Burbank, California, in 1967, and she studied at Falcon Studio's University of the Arts.

Career
Menzies' first appearance on-screen was in 1964, when she appeared in the TV series The Farmer's Daughter. She was cast in The Sound of Music as Louisa, the third-oldest of the von Trapp children, at age 14, with no prior acting experience. Menzies sang "So Long, Farewell" and the "Lonely Goatherd" in the film.

Menzies went on to appear in a number of television series such as Alias Smith and Jones, T. J. Hooker, Dragnet, Room 222, Bonanza, Marcus Welby, M.D. and The Bob Newhart Show. She starred as Jessica 6 in the short-lived TV series Logan's Run. In addition, Menzies appeared in Hawaii, How Sweet It Is!, Hail, Hero!, Piranha, and Endangered Species.

Menzies was featured in Playboy magazine during 1973 in a pictorial titled "Tender Trapp", in reference to her The Sound of Music role. She was later cast in four television films: The Keegans, James Dean, Tail Gunner Joe, and Captain America.

Personal life
Menzies married John Cluett in 1969 and divorced him in 1973. She married Robert Urich in 1975. Urich and Menzies first met in 1974 while filming a commercial in which they "got married." They adopted 3 children. After Urich's death in 2002, Menzies established the Robert Urich Foundation and spent most of her time in her last years devoted to the organization, which raises money for cancer research and support for cancer patients.

Death
Menzies-Urich was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer in November 2017. She died on December 24, 2017.

Filmography

TV and Film

References

External links

 
 
 
 
 Interview with Heather Menzies Urich at Classic Film & TV Cafe

1949 births
2017 deaths
Canadian emigrants to the United States
20th-century American actresses
American people of Scottish descent
American film actresses
American television actresses
Actresses from Toronto
Canadian film actresses
Canadian television actresses
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Deaths from brain tumor
Deaths from cancer in Ontario
21st-century American women
Lavardin, Loir-et-Cher

Lavardin is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.

It is located on the banks of the river Loir.

Population

Sights
Lavardin is classified as one of the most beautiful villages of France thanks to the ruins of its mediaeval castle (see main article: Château de Lavardin), its Gothic church and frescoes, its houses and the ancient bridge. The village has been frequented by renowned painters since about 1900, most notably Busson and Sauvage.

Early history 
Salomon I of Lavardin became lord of Lavardin around 1030, and his descendants ruled there for the next three centuries. The church of St. Genest in Lavardin was built in the mid-to-late eleventh century, but the existence of a prior Merovingian cemetery on the site attests to the village's existence for several centuries prior to Salomon's reign.

Culture 
The historical card game of Chouine has had a renaissance in recent years and 'world championships' are currently held annually in the village.

References

External links
 Official website 
 Association des plus beaux villages de France: Lavardin 

Communes of Loir-et-Cher
Plus Beaux Villages de France
Andy Van Hellemond

Andy Van Hellemond (born February 16, 1948) is a Canadian former National Hockey League referee and a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame since 1999.  He is also a former municipal politician, serving on city council for the City of Guelph, Ontario from 2010 to 2018.

Officiating career
Van Hellemond's NHL officiating career began in 1969 and included 19 Stanley Cup Finals. In 1984, he became the first NHL on-ice official to wear a helmet; four years later, the NHL later made helmets mandatory for all on-ice officials (however, any official who was not wearing a helmet at the time of the ruling could continue to go helmetless if they so desired). Subsequently, several officials followed his lead, and beginning with the 2006–07 NHL season, all NHL on-ice officials were compelled to wear helmets. He also officiated 1,557 regular season games and 227 playoff games. Van Hellemond has been the NHL's #1 referee 14 consecutive times. He also officiated in two All-Star games, the 1979 Challenge Cup, and Rendez-vous '87.

From the 1977–78 to 1993–94 seasons, NHL officials' jerseys displayed their last names on the back. Due to its length, Van Hellemond's name was displayed in two lines. From the 1994–95 NHL season until his retirement in 1997, Van Hellemond wore uniform number 25, which was later worn by Marc Joannette. 

After retiring as on-ice official, Van Hellemond held a management position with the East Coast Hockey League until being hired by the NHL in 2000 to replace Bryan Lewis as Director of Officiating. Van Hellemond remained director of officiating until July 2004, when he was asked by Colin Campbell to resign from the position because of concern over the former's personal gambling debts.

In July 2011, Van Hellemond served the creators of the comic strip Adam@home with a notice of intention to sue for libel over a comic which used the word "evil" in referring to Van Hellemond as "the worst and most evil ref ever." Newspapers carrying the strip, including the Toronto Star and The Boston Globe, were also served.

Political career
Van Hellemond was a candidate for City Councillor during the 2010 municipal election in the city of Guelph, Ontario. He was elected to Ward Two, winning with 29.86% of the vote over both incumbents.

In 2014, Van Hellemond was elected for a second term as City Councillor for Ward 2, in the Guelph municipal election.  Van Hellemond was not a candidate for City Council in the 2018 Elections.

Awards and achievements 
MJHL First All-Star Team (1968)
Selected as Manitoba's Referee of the Century
Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1999
"Honoured Member" of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame

References

External links
 Van Hellemond becomes director of officiating
Andy Van Hellemond's biography at Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame

1948 births
Canadian ice hockey officials
Guelph city councillors
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Living people
National Hockey League officials
Politicians from Winnipeg
St. James Braves players
St. James Canadians players
Ice hockey people from Winnipeg
Canadian sportsperson-politicians
Alexandra Meissnitzer

Alexandra Meissnitzer (born 18 June 1973) is a retired World Cup alpine ski racer from Austria. Her specialities were the downhill, super-G, and giant slalom disciplines.

From Abtenau, Salzburg, her father, Hans Meissnitzer, a mechanic by trade, taught her to ski at an early age.

At the 1998 Winter Olympics at Nagano, Meissnitzer won the silver in the giant-slalom and the bronze in the super-G, and at the 2006 Winter Olympics at Turin she won the bronze in the super-G. In 1999, she won the overall World Cup, to which she added the super-G and giant slalom World Cups for the same season. She also won two world titles (super-G and giant slalom) at the 1999 World Championships. A serious training crash in November 1999, she missed the remainder of the season. At the 2003 World Championships, she won the silver medal in the downhill race (in a tie with Corinne Rey-Bellet) behind Melanie Turgeon.

Meissnitzer was third in the super-G at the 2008 World Cup finals in Bormio, Italy,  and became the oldest woman (age 34) to finish on the podium in an alpine World Cup race.

World Cup results

Season titles

Season standings

Race victories
 14 wins – (2 DH, 7 SG, 5 GS)
 44 podiums – (8 DH, 18 SG, 16 GS, 2 PS)

World Championship results

Olympic results

References

External links
 
 
 Alexandra Meissnitzer's official web site

1973 births
Austrian female alpine skiers
Alpine skiers at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic alpine skiers for Austria
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in alpine skiing
Olympic silver medalists for Austria
Olympic bronze medalists for Austria
FIS Alpine Ski World Cup champions
People from Hallein District
Living people
Skiers from Salzburg (state)
20th-century Austrian women
21st-century Austrian women
Piazza Colonna

Piazza Colonna is a piazza at the center of the Rione of Colonna in the historic heart of Rome, Italy. It is named for the marble Column of Marcus Aurelius, which has stood there since AD 193. The bronze statue of Saint Paul that crowns the column was placed in 1589, by order of Pope Sixtus V. The Roman Via Lata (now the Via del Corso) runs through the piazza's eastern end, from south to north.

Overview
The piazza is rectangular. Its north side is taken up by Palazzo Chigi, formerly the Austria-Hungary's embassy, but is now a seat of the Italian government. The east side is taken up by the 19th century public shopping arcade Galleria Colonna (since 2003 Galleria Alberto Sordi), the south side is taken up by the flank of Palazzo Ferrajoli, formerly the Papal post office, and the little Church of Santi Bartolomeo ed Alessandro dei Bergamaschi (1731-35). The west side is taken up by Palazzo Wedekind (1838) with a colonnade of Roman columns taken from Veii.

The piazza has been a monumental open space since Antiquity; the temple of Marcus Aurelius stood on the site of Palazzo Wedekind (TCI).

Fountain
The fountain in the piazza (1577) was commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII from Giacomo Della Porta who was assisted by Rocco De Rossi. In 1830, it was restored and had two sets of dolphins side by side, with tails entwined, sculpted by Achille Stocchi, set at either end of the long basin. The central sculpture was then substituted with a smaller sculpture and spray.

References

External links

 
 

Colonna
Rome R. III Colonna
Paul Trapier

Paul Trapier (1749–1778) was a public official in South Carolina during the American Revolution.

Trapier was born Georgetown, South Carolina, and educated in England. During the American Revolution, he served on the Georgetown Committee of Safety and in the South Carolina Provincial Congress. He was a captain in a militia artillery unit. In 1776 he was elected to the South Carolina General Assembly. The next year he was elected to represent South Carolina in the Second Continental Congress, but never attended a meeting and died the next year.

He is buried in Georgetown in the churchyard of Prince George Winyah Parish Church.

References

External links

1749 births
1778 deaths
Members of the South Carolina General Assembly
People of South Carolina in the American Revolution
South Carolina militiamen in the American Revolution
18th-century American politicians
Christian Hoff

Christian Hoff (born April 21, 1968) is an American actor.

Biography
Hoff was born in San Francisco, California, and later moved with his family to San Diego. At eight years old he began acting at the San Diego Junior Theater, and not long after was playing Winthrop in The Music Man.

Career
Since then he has appeared on numerous television, big screen and Broadway shows. Most recently, he had a guest role as Marty on All My Children.

He starred until 2008 in the original cast production of Jersey Boys which opened at the August Wilson theater on Broadway in 2005. His dynamic portrayal of Tommy DeVito, one of the founding members of Four Seasons musical group, won him the "Best Featured Actor in a Musical" Tony award in 2006. He was scheduled to return to Broadway in the Roundabout Theatre's 2008 production of Pal Joey in the title role; however  due to an injury he was forced to leave the production.

He is currently with The Midtown Men, a group that consist of four former cast members of Jersey Boys who perform music from the 1960s.
Hoff holds the world record for "Most Character Voices in an Audio Book" for Tell Me How You Love the Picture, based on the career of movie producer Ed Feldman. In it, he performs 241 separate voices.

Personal life
He is married to the actress Melissa Hoff and together they have three daughters: Elizabeth, Evelyn and Ella. Christian has two children from a previous marriage: Eli and Erika.

Filmography

 All My Children
 In Love and War
 ER
 Evening Shade
 Growing Pains
 JAG
 Kids Incorporated
 Law & Order: Criminal Intent
 Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home
 Millennium
 Party of Five
 Richie Rich
 The Commish
 Quincy, M.E.
 Quantum Leap
 Who's the Boss?
 Ugly Betty
 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit

Stage
 Jersey Boys (Tommy DeVito, Original Cast Album)
 Pal Joey (Joey Evans, injured during previews)
 The Who's Tommy (Pinball Lad, Original Cast Album)
 Jesus Christ Superstar (King Herod)
 George M! (George M. Cohan)
 The Will Rogers Follies (Will Rogers)

References

External links
 Christian Hoff official website
 Christian Hoff official weblog
 
 

1968 births
Living people
American male child actors
American male musical theatre actors
American male television actors
Male actors from San Diego
Male actors from San Francisco
Tony Award winners
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
Annibal Camoux

Annibal Camoux (1638? – 1759) was a former French soldier from Marseilles who was noted for his longevity.  Most researchers, including French historian Louis Thibaux, consider this an unverified longevity claim.

A former soldier in the service of the King of France, according to his biography, Camoux reached age 100 without losing his strength, which he attributed to his practice of chewing Angelica root. He claimed to have gained his knowledge of herbs from the naturalist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort in 1681.

He enlisted in the French army aged 12 and said he took part in the construction of   in 1660.

Louis XV allocated a pension to him.  In 1755 the Cardinal Belloy, Bishop of Marseille, visited him.  Several artists painted his portrait, among them Claude Joseph Vernet, who painted him in the port of Marseilles.

Annibal Camoux died in 1759 in Marseilles, at the claimed age of 121. Research, however, suggests he was born in 1669, meaning he was only 90 when he died.

L'entrée du port de Marseille (1754) by Claude Joseph Vernet is part of a series of 15 representations of French sea ports commissioned by King Louis XV and realized between 1754 and 1765.
The booklet of the 1755 art show gave some information: Entrance of Marseilles Harbour. We can see the Fort St. Jean and Citadelle Saint Nicolas which protects this entrance.... on the foreground, the author has painted a portrait of a man which is 117 years old with a good health.

References

1759 deaths
Longevity claims
French soldiers
Year of birth uncertain
Clearlight (American band)

Clearlight is an American instrumental rock band from New Orleans, Louisiana. They are also known as the Mystick Krewe of Clearlight due to other bands using the same original name.

History
The Mystick Krewe of Clearlight was founded in 1996 as an instrumental side-project by members of New Orleans bands Eyehategod, Down, and Crowbar. This project has allowed the members to explore music outside their native metal genre. After several years of shows in New Orleans with the occasional out-of-town show they recorded their self-titled debut album via Tee Pee Records in 2000. This was followed by The Father, the Son and the Holy Smoke, a 2001 split release with Acid King on Man's Ruin Records, featuring Scott "Wino" Weinrich (the Obsessed, Saint Vitus, Spirit Caravan, the Hidden Hand) on vocals. That same year they released a split 7-inch with the Obsessed that features both bands covering Lynyrd Skynyrd. The Mystick Krewe covers "Cheatin Woman" and features Pepper Keenan of Corrosion of Conformity on vocals. They have also been featured on compilations such as Inhale and High Volume: The Stoner Rock Collection.

Members
Jimmy Bower – guitar
Paul Webb – guitar
Andy Shepherd – bass
Joey Lacaze – drums
Ross Karpelman – electric organ

Discography

Albums
The Mystick Krewe of Clearlight LP/CD (2000 Tee Pee Records)
The Father, the Son and the Holy Smoke split CD with Acid King (2001 Man's Ruin Records)

Singles
Split 7-inch with The Obsessed (both sides are Lynyrd Skynyrd covers) (2001)

Compilation tracks
"Railhead" on Inhale CD (2000 Spitfire Records)
"Electrode" on Guerrilla Jukebox Vol 1 CD (2003 Tee Pee Records)
"Ride Out" on High Volume: The Stoner Rock Collection CD (2004 High Times Records)

References

External links 
 Tee Pee Records
 NOLA Underground

Heavy metal musical groups from Louisiana
Musical groups established in 1996
Musical groups disestablished in 2001
Musical groups from New Orleans
Nancy Lewis

Nancy Lewis is a professional female bodybuilder from the United States.  She earned her pro card by winning the overall title at the 1991 NPC USA Championship.  She competed in a number of professional contests from 1992 to 1998 with a series of solid placings, but no titles.  Then after a four-year retirement, she returned to competition in 2002, winning the overall title at the Jan Tana Classic.

Contest history 
1985 NPC Nationals - 8th (MW)
1987 NPC USA Championship - 5th (LHW)
1988 NPC California Championship - 1st (HW)
1990 NPC Nationals - 2nd (MW)
1991 NPC USA Championship - 1st (MW & overall)
1992 Ms. International - 5th
1992 Jan Tana Classic - 2nd
1992 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 14th
1993 Jan Tana Classic - 2nd
1993 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 13th
1995 Jan Tana Classic - 3rd
1995 Grand Prix Prague - 4th
1995 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 10th
1996 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 6th
1996 Ms. International - 8th
1997 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 10th
1997 Ms. International - 8th
1998 Ms. International - 4th
2002 Jan Tana Classic - 1st (MW & overall)
2002 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 6th (HW)
2003 Ms. International - 7th (LW)
2004 GNC Show of Strength - 1st (LW)
2004 IFBB Ms. Olympia - 4th (LW)
2009 Atlantic City Pro - 11th
2009 New York Pro Championships - 14th
2010 New York Pro Championships - 7th
2012 Tampa Pro Championships - 6th
2012 Chicago Pro Championships - 6th

References

Wennerstrom, Steve, "Flex 'n' Femme", Flex, July, 2003

Professional bodybuilders
Living people
African-American female bodybuilders
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women
Extreme-G 2

Extreme-G 2, also known as Extreme G: XG2, is a racing video game developed by Probe Entertainment and published by Acclaim Entertainment for Nintendo 64 and Microsoft Windows. It is the sequel to Extreme-G and is followed by Extreme-G 3.

Gameplay

This iteration, as with all Extreme-G games, is about futuristic racing: pilots race plasma-powered Tron-like bikes in an intergalactic Grand Prix at speeds that are over 999 mph. Each of the machines have their own handling characteristics, with varying top speeds, armor values and traction values. All of the machines in the game have an energy meter—with two separate energy stores for protective shields and a basic primary weapon. If a machine loses all of its shield energy, it will explode on contact, causing the player to lose a life or the match.  It is also possible for players to fall off the tracks when driving through jumps or similar obstacles. In this case, the player is simply teleported back to the track. Players are given three "Nitro" boosts per race. Extreme-G has a championship mode ranging from novice to expert, shoot-em-up mode (named "Arcade Mode" in XG2), multiplayer racing, and deathmatch. In shoot-em-up/arcade mode, computer drones follow a lunar path while the player attempts to destroy them with Extreme-G's arsenal of weapons.

Reception

The game received "mixed" reviews on both platforms according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. N64 Magazine editor Jes Bickham felt that Extreme-G 2 was better than its predecessor, but worse than F-Zero X and Wipeout 64. IGN criticised the gameplay, stating that the N64 version was "nowhere near its competition" despite improved controls and tracks. The graphics were criticised for its stuttering framerates and over-filtering.

The Nintendo 64 version was a finalist by the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences for "Console Racing Game of the Year" during the 2nd Annual Interactive Achievement Awards, which ultimately went to Gran Turismo.

References

External links
 

1998 video games
Acclaim Entertainment games
Nintendo 64 games
Probe Software games
Science fiction racing games
Vehicular combat games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Windows games
Bonox

Bonox is a beef extract made in Australia, currently owned by Bega Cheese after it acquired the brand from Kraft Heinz in 2017. It is primarily a drink but can also be used as stock in cooking.

History 
Bonox was invented by Camron Thomas for Fred Walker of Fred Walker & Co. in 1918. Bonox was launched the following year.

The Walker company was purchased by Kraft Foods Inc. sometime after Walker's death in 1935. The product was produced by Kraft (from 2012 Kraft Foods, from 2015 Kraft Heinz) until 2017, when Bonox, along with other brands, was sold to Bega Cheese. It kept the same recipe and jar designs.

, Bonox continues to be produced by Bega.

Nutritional information 
This concentrated beef extract contains iron and niacin. It is a thick dark brown liquid paste which can be added to soups or stews for flavoring and can also be added to hot water and served as a beverage.

Approximate per 100g

Energy, including dietary fiber	401	kJ
Moisture	56.6	g
 Protein	16.6	g
 Nitrogen	2.66	g
Fat	0.2	g
Ash	19.8	g
Starch	6.5	g
Available carbohydrate, without sugar alcohols	6.5	g
Available carbohydrate, with sugar alcohols	6.5	g

Minerals

 Calcium (Ca)	110 mg
 Copper (Cu)	0.11 mg
 Fluoride (F)	190 ug
 Iron (Fe)	2 mg
 Magnesium (Mg)	60 mg
 Manganese (Mn)	0.13 mg
 Phosphorus (P)	360 mg
 Potassium (K)	690 mg
 Selenium (Se)	4 ug
 Sodium (Na)	6660 mg
 Sulphur (S)	160 mg
 Zinc (Zn)	1.5 mg

Vitamins

Thiamin (B1)	0.36 mg
Riboflavin (B2)	0.27 mg
Niacin (B3)	5.4 mg
Niacin Equivalents	8.17 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)	0.38 mg
Pyridoxine (B6)	0.23 mg
Biotin (B7)	12 ug

See also

 Bovril

References

Products introduced in 1919
Food ingredients
Australian brands
Bronze Wolf Award

The Bronze Wolf Award is bestowed by the World Scout Committee (WSC) to acknowledge "outstanding service by an individual to the World Scout Movement". It is the highest honor that can be given a volunteer Scout leader in the world and it is the only award given by the WSC. Since the award's creation in 1935, fewer than 400 of the several millions of Scouts throughout the world have received the award.

History 

Scouting's founder, Robert Baden-Powell, initially recognized outstanding contributions to Scouting by any Scout with the bestowal of the Silver Wolf; although he was Chief Scout of the World, the Silver Wolf was associated with British Scouting.

In 1924, the International Committee, predecessor of the WSC, determined that it needed an award to be given out in its own name and at its own recommendation. Baden-Powell wanted to limit the number of awards, but recognized that the concerns of the committee were valid. Conversation about the matter was re-opened in 1932, with a decision reached in June 1934. The WSC approved use of the award in Stockholm on 2 August 1935 and unanimously awarded the first Bronze Wolf to Baden-Powell.

Qualifications 

The Bronze Wolf Award is the highest honor that is given to a volunteer Scout leader throughout the world. It is given in recognition to Scouters who have contributed exceptional, noteworthy, and extraordinary service to the World Scout Movement. It recognizes the individual's contributions, service, dedication, and many years of volunteer work in successfully implementing the Scouting program.

Recipients 

In order to keep the award a notable honor, the International Committee limited the number of awards within a two-year period to two; however, in practice, it was given even more rarely, with only 12 awards being bestowed between 1935 and 1955. As Scouting's numbers have increased, so have the number of awards bestowed. Between 1955 and 2015, the award was bestowed 346 times. The guidelines of the WSC dictate that the number of awards granted should be limited to "approximately one award for each 2,000,000 members worldwide". , the World Scout Bureau estimates there are about 28 million Scouts worldwide. Eight Bronze Wolf Awards were given in 2017.

Among the recipients have been heads of state such as Hamengkubuwono IX, Vice President of Indonesia, Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Bhumibol Adulyadej and Philippine president Fidel Ramos.

Description
The Bronze Wolf award consists of a dark green ribbon bordered by two narrow stripes of yellow from which descends a bronze pendant of a wolf, statant. The wolf bears the World Scout Emblem.

References

Awards established in 1935
Scout and Guide awards
 
Volunteering awards
Bandolier (journal)

Bandolier was an independent healthcare journal about evidence-based healthcare, written by Oxford University scientists. It was started in 1994 and the National Health Service paid for its distribution to all doctors in the UK until 2002. Publication of the printed version ceased in 2007. New material was published online through 2010. Publication ceased in 2010.

In October 2016 back issues of the journal (online version) became available at its own website. It is no longer hosted on Oxford University's site.

The NHS Executive and National electronic Library for Health continue with some support for the electronic site.

See also 
 Cochrane Collaboration

References

External links 
 
 Former website

Public health journals
Academic journals established in 1994
Publications disestablished in 2010
English-language journals
Publications associated with the University of Oxford
Li Zhe (Go player)

Li Zhe (born January 31, 1989) is a Chinese professional Go player.

Biography
Li was born in China. At 11 years of age, Li Zhe became one of the youngest professional Go players ever. Two years later, in 2002, Li was promoted to 3 dan. Li made more history in 2006 when he became the youngest title holder in China, at 16 years old.

Titles & runners-up

References 

1989 births
Chinese Go players
Living people
Sportspeople from Wuhan
Chicago station (CTA Red Line)

Chicago, (Chicago/State in station announcements) is an "L" station on the CTA's Red Line. It serves a significant portion of the Near North Side and Streeterville neighborhoods.  With 5,259,992 overall boardings in 2014, it is the busiest station on the Red Line north of the Loop.

Location
The second stop on the Red Line north of the Chicago River, Chicago station lies in the central portion of the Near North Side. Specifically, it is located underneath the intersection of State Street and Chicago Avenue. It is three blocks west of the northern section of the Magnificent Mile; the Chicago Water Tower is located on that strip at the intersection of Chicago and Michigan Avenues. It is also the closest 'L' station to the John Hancock Center, Holy Name Cathedral, the Rush Street entertainment district, and the downtown campus of Loyola University Chicago. The Chicago campus of the Moody Bible Institute is also nearby.

History
The Chicago station opened on October 17, 1943, as part of the State Street subway, which forms the central portion of what is now the Red Line between  and  stations.

During the 1950s, the CTA implemented skip-stop service throughout the 'L' system. Under this service pattern, Chicago was designated as AB along with all other downtown stations (on the Red Line, those stops south of  and north of  were given AB designations). As a result, all trains stopped at these stations. The skip-stop service was ended due to budget cuts in the 1990s.

Renovation
From 1999 until 2001, Chicago underwent renovation and refurbishment, in line with other stations of the State Street subway. Work included making the station accessible to people with disabilities, with new elevators, redone flooring, retiling, and increased mezzanine space.

Unlike most State Street Subway stations, Chicago uses a side platform configuration with two tracks, also used at Grand/State and . There are entrances from street level at all corners of the intersection of North State Street and Chicago Avenue. One level below street level is a mezzanine containing fare controls and turnstiles, and the platforms are located beneath the mezzanine.

Bus connections
CTA
 36 Broadway
 66 Chicago (Owl Service)

See also
Chicago/Milwaukee
Chicago/Franklin

Notes and references

Notes

References

External links 
Chicago/State Station Page on the CTA official site
Chicago Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View

CTA Red Line stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1943
Cristian Zorzi

Cristian Zorzi (born 14 August 1972 in Cavalese, Trentino) is an Italian former cross-country skier who excelled at sprint ski races. He is nicknamed Zorro, for his exuberant character.

Biography
Zorzi's first major success was at the 2000 Cross-Country Skiing World Cup, where he finished in second place. At the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, he won a silver medal in the 4 × 10 km relay and a bronze in the individual sprint.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, he was the anchor on the Italian 4 × 10 km relay team that won the gold medal in those games.

Zorzi won two medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships; a gold medal in the team sprint in 2007 and a silver in the individual sprint in 2001. He has also finished second in the 2000–01 Sprint World Cup, which he followed up with a third place in the following 2001–02 season.

Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

Olympic Games
 3 medals – (1 gold, 1 silver, 1 bronze)

World Championships
 2 medals – (1 gold, 1 silver)

World Cup

Season standings

Individual podiums
5 victories – (5 ) 
12 podiums – (11 , 1 )

Team podiums
 8 victories – (3 , 5 ) 
 19 podiums – (9 , 10 )

References

External links

 
 
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Italian male cross-country skiers
Olympic cross-country skiers for Italy
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic silver medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing
Cross-country skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Cross-country skiers of Fiamme Gialle
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing
People from Cavalese
Sportspeople from Trentino
Skiers from Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Comfort (disambiguation)

Comfort is the physical and psychological sense of ease.

Comfort may also refer to:

Places

United States 
Comfort, North Carolina
Comfort, Texas
Comfort, West Virginia
Comfort, Wisconsin
Comfort Lake, a lake in Minnesota
Comfort Township, Kanabec County, Minnesota
Old Point Comfort, Virginia
Point Comfort, Texas

People 
A. B. Comfort (1884–1974), American politician
Alex Comfort (1920–2000), British medical professional, anarchist, pacifist, and writer
Anna Manning Comfort (1845–1931), American physician
Charles Comfort (1900–1994), Canadian painter, sculptor, teacher, writer, and administrator
Electus Comfort (1826–1894), pilot
Lance Comfort (1908–1966), English film director
Nathaniel C. Comfort (born 1962), American historian
Pat Comfort (born 1930), American politician
Philip Comfort (1950–2022), American professor and writer
Ray Comfort (born 1949), New Zealand-born minister and evangelist
Comfort Arthur, British-born Ghanaian animator
Comfort Asamoah, Ghanaian politician
Comfort Freeman, Liberian Lutheran activist
Comfort Omoge, Nigerian musician
Comfort Owusu (born 1940), Ghanaian politician
Comfort Starr (1589–1659), English physician
Louis Comfort Tiffany (1848–1933), American artist and designer
Comfort Tyler (1764-1827), one of the original settlers of modern Syracuse, New York

Arts, entertainment, and media
Comfort (Failure album)
Comfort (magazine), an American mail-order periodical 1888–1942
Comfort (Maya Jane Coles album)
Comfort (Splashh album)
"Comfort", a song by Basement from their album Colourmeinkindness (2012)
"Comfort", a song by Deb Talan
Comfort Jones, character on UK TV show Casualty
Comfort Women: A New Musical, a musical about Korean comfort women, written and directed by Dimo Hyun Jun Kim

Brands and enterprises
Comfort (fabric softener)
Comfort, a taxi company under ComfortDelGro 
Comfort Inn, a hospitality company owned by Choice Hotels International
Southern Comfort (often abbreviated SoCo), an American whiskey liqueur
Toyota Comfort, a taxicab in Japan and Hong Kong

Ships
MOL Comfort, a container ship; one of the biggest shipwrecks ever
 (1917–1921), a United States Navy hospital ship
 (1943–1946), a United States Navy hospital ship
USNS Comfort (1975–present), an American hospital ship

Other uses
Comfort food, food that has a nostalgic or sentimental value
Comfort noise, the artificial background noise used in radio and wireless communications to fill the silent time in a transmission
Comfort object, an object used to provide psychological comfort
Comfort women, a euphemism for women who were forced to work as sex slaves in Japanese-occupied countries during World War II
Comfort zone, the term used to denote a type of mental conditioning resulting in artificially created mental boundaries, within which an individual derives a sense of security
Consolation, psychological comfort
Thermal comfort, a field of specialization in building indoor environment

See also
ComfortDelGro Australia
Comforter (disambiguation)
Ankuwa

Ankuwa was an ancient Hattian and Hittite settlement in central Anatolia. Along with Hattusa and Katapa, it was one of the capitals from which the Hittite kings reigned during the year. Travelling from Hattusa, the royal entourage would arrive at Imralla on the first night, Hobigassa on the second, and Ankuwa on the third.  

The settlement has been linked to modern Ankara for etymological reasons, but Hittite sources have been discovered to place the settlement along the southern bend of the Marrassandtiya River, the modern Kızılırmak. Alishar Hüyük has also been suggested as a location.

Sources
 "Ankuva." Reallexikon der Assyriologie. [German.]

Hittite cities
Hattian cities
Maryland Route 454

Maryland Route 454 (MD 454) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland.  Known for most of its length as Crown Stone Road, the state highway runs  from the Delaware state line in Marydel, where the highway continues east as Delaware Route 8 (DE 8), north to MD 302 in Templeville.  MD 454 was built in the late 1910s.  The state highway originally ended in Marydel at MD 311, which crossed the state line.  MD 454 replaced MD 311 along the stretch to the state line around 1946 and bypassed Marydel by 1956.

Route description

MD 454 begins at the Delaware state line in the town of Marydel in Caroline County, adjacent to a five-mile (8 km) Mason–Dixon marker that gives the highway its name.  The highway continues east as DE 8 (Halltown Road) toward Dover.  The state highway, known as Halltown Road, heads northwest as a two-lane undivided road. The route immediately encounters the eastern end of MD 821 (Main Street) and crosses an unused railroad grade owned by the Maryland Department of Transportation.  MD 454 meets the northern terminus of MD 311 (Halltown Road), where the name changes to Crown Stone Road, before leaving Marydel and collecting the other end of MD 821.  The state highway turns north through farmland before entering the town of Templeville and terminating at MD 302 (Barclay Road), which forms the border between Caroline County and Queen Anne's County.

History
MD 454 was paved as a state-aid road from Marydel to Templeville between 1915 and 1921.  The state highway originally had its southern terminus in Marydel at MD 311.  It was MD 311 that continued to the state line until 1946.  MD 454 was moved off of Main Street and onto a new alignment through Marydel by 1956.

Junction list

See also

References

External links

MDRoads: MD 454
MD 454 at AARoads.com

454
Maryland Route 454