alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Pazaryeri

Pazaryeri, (formerly Ermenı Derbent; , also Ermenı Pazarcık;  and simply as Pazarcık) is a town in Bilecik Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. It is the seat of Pazaryeri District. Its population is 6,243 (2021). The district has several small lakes, as well as a number of buildings in traditional Ottoman style. The mayor is Zekiye Tekin. Pazaryeri is one of the most important hop producers in Turkey. The town has famous local dishes like helva and boza.

History 
Several ancient Greek votives and inscriptions dedicated to Zeus Bronton and Apollon Phoibos have been found near the town, where he was heavily worshipped and a cult of them was present. A common cult of two gods was rare in the ancient world. There were several temples dedicated to them. Heracles was also worshipped there. Names of the priests in the temples include: Trophimas, Aleksandros, Asklepiodotos, Askles, Marcus, Sextus and Sosigenos. The cult and the temples remained active until, at least, the 2nd century AD. A Greek metrical epitaph and a bust of a deceased 12-year-old boy called Roufeinos was also discovered in the city. An inscription dedicated to Demeter, one of only two surviving in the administrative district of Iznik (ancient Nicaea), was also found near the city. In Hellenistic times, the city was located in the border of the Kingdom of Bithynia, separating it from Phrygia. 

In Byzantine times, the city was known as Armenokastron (; ). Although the name implies it, there is no record of Armenians living in the city. Armenokastron was one of the most important cities of the Bithynia theme. In the first half of the 12th century, it was captured by the Seljuks, but it was recaptured by the Byzantines during the Second Crusade, subsequently marking the limit of Byzantine hegemony in the East. The modern town was built on this Byzantine settlement, or somewhere near. In Ottoman times, a military road between the city of Iznik and Pazaryeri was built, probably in the beginning of the 16th century. This road probably ran via Köprühisar and Yarhisar towards Pazaryeri.

During the Turkish War of Independence Pazaryeri was completely destroyed by burning by the Greek Army during its advance inland in July 1921. However it suffered atrocities months before its complete destruction. A report of the Western Front Command of the Turkish Army dating 16 February 1921 stated that 24 people were murdered inside the town centre while 16 sheep and 10 goats were also among the casualties. On the 15th of April the 1st Infantry Division Command of the Turkish Army reported that 102 inhabitants were taken prisoners while 4 killed, 6 wounded and a woman raped by the Greek Army. During the burning, Turkish elderly inhabitants who could not flee the town were killed. Second-Lieutenant Pantelis Priniotakis describes the events on his diary dating to 13th of July 1921 with the following words:

The official result was that 644 buildings, the entire town was destroyed by the Greek Army.

References

Populated places in Bilecik Province
Pazaryeri District
District municipalities in Turkey
Pazaryolu

Pazaryolu is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey. Its area is 654 km2, and its population is 3,803 (2022). The mayor is İbrahim Şahin (AKP).

Composition
There are 44 neighbourhoods in Pazaryolu District:

 21 Haziran
 Akbulut
 Alıçlı
 Ambaralan
 Ayçukuru
 Bayındır
 Burçaklı
 Büyükdere
 Çatakbahçe
 Çaydere
 Cenetpınarı
 Cevizlidere
 Çiftepınar
 Deliktaş
 Demirgöze
 Dikmetaş
 Esenyurt
 Gölyanı
 Göztepe
 Gülçimen
 Güneysu
 Hacılar
 Karakoç
 Karataş
 Kılıççı
 Konakyeri
 Korkutköy
 Köşeyolu
 Kozlu
 Kumaşkaya
 Kümbettepe
 Kuymaklı
 Laleli
 Merkez
 Meşebaşı
 Pamukludağ
 Sadaka
 Şehitlik
 Sergenkaya
 Süleymanbağı
 Yaylalı
 Yaylaözü
 Yeni
 Yiğitbaşı

References

 
Populated places in Erzurum Province
Districts of Erzurum Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Bob Bratkowski

Robert Bratkowski (born December 2, 1955) is a former American football coach.  He is the son of former NFL quarterback Zeke Bratkowski. Bratkowski played his college football for Washington State, as a wide receiver from 1975 to 1977.

College assistant coach
Bratkowski began his coaching career in 1978 at Missouri. He became an offensive coordinator at Weber State in the Big Sky Conference under first-year head coach Mike Price in 1981. Bratkowski moved up to  Division I-A in 1986 under head coach Dennis Erickson at Wyoming, and followed him to Washington State in 1987 and Miami in 1989.

1986 at Wyoming: Three Cowboy QBs combined to throw for 3,481 yards with 30 TD vs 21 INT.
1987 at Washington State: The Cougars had 1,644 yards rushing and scored 14 touchdowns on the ground.
1988 at Washington State: QB Timm Rosenbach threw for 3,097 yards with 24 TD and 11 INT. The Cougar ground game added 2,757 yards rushing and 29 touchdowns.
1989 at Miami: The Hurricane offense averaged 417 yards and 35 points per game  and won the National Championship.
1990 at Miami: The Hurricane offense averaged 444 yards and 37 points per game.
1991 at Miami: The Hurricane offense averaged 405 yards and 32 points per game and won the National Championship.

NFL assistant coach
Bratkowski moved to the NFL in 1992 with the Seattle Seahawks. After three seasons under head coach Tom Flores, he was promoted to offensive coordinator in 1995 by new head coach Dennis Erickson. When Erickson was fired following the 1998 season, Bratkowski became an assistant coach with the Pittsburgh Steelers.

In 2001, Bratkowski was offered the job of offensive coordinator with the Cincinnati Bengals, a position he held for a decade until January 31, 2011, when he was terminated from the Cincinnati Bengals as reported by ESPN news.

He coached the quarterbacks for the Atlanta Falcons in 2011, and became the offensive coordinator of the Jacksonville Jaguars in 2012, under first-year head coach Mike Mularkey.

Prior to the 2014 season, the Cincinnati Bengals re-hired Bob Bratkowski as an offensive assistant.

In 2016, new Tennessee Titans head coach Mike Mularkey coaxed Bratkowski out of retirement to coach wide receivers for the Titans.
Bratkowski went back to retirement at the end of the 2017 season after Mularkey and the Titans mutually agreed to part ways.

Personal life
Bob and his wife, Rebecca, have two children — son Shane and daughter Courtney.

References

1955 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Atlanta Falcons coaches
Cincinnati Bengals coaches
Coaches of American football from Texas
Jacksonville Jaguars coaches
Miami Hurricanes football coaches
Missouri Tigers football coaches
National Football League offensive coordinators
Sportspeople from San Angelo, Texas
Pittsburgh Steelers coaches
Players of American football from Texas
Seattle Seahawks coaches
Tennessee Titans coaches
Washington State Cougars football coaches
Washington State Cougars football players
Weber State Wildcats football coaches
Wyoming Cowboys football coaches
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1976 Summer Olympics

Athletes from Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Thirteen competitors, all men, took part in ten events in three sports. This was Trinidad and Tobago's first Olympic gold medal victory.

Medalists

Gold
 Hasely Crawford — Athletics, Men's 100 metres

Athletics

Men's 800 metres
 Horace Tuitt
 Heat — did not finish (→ did not advance)

Men's 4x100 metres Relay
Anthony Husbands, Chris Brathwaite, Charles Joseph, and Francis Adams
 Heat — 40.08s
 Semi Finals — 39.88s (→ did not advance)

Men's 4 × 400 m Relay 
 Mike Solomon, Charles Joseph, Horace Tuitt, and Joseph Coombs
 Heat — 3:03.54
 Final — 3:03.46 (→ 6th place)

Men's Long Jump
 George Swanston
 Qualification — 7.40m (→ did not advance)

Cycling

Two cyclists represented Trinidad and Tobago in 1976.

Sprint
 Leslie Rawlins — 23rd place

1000m time trial
 Anthony Sellier — 1:11.103 (→ 20th place)

Shooting

References

External links
Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1976 Summer Olympics
1976
Summer Olympics
Pertek

Pertek (from , ) is a town and seat of Pertek District in Tunceli Province, Turkey. It had a population of 6,365 in 2021 and is populated by Kurds and Turks. The mayor is Ruhan Alan from the Republican People's Party (CHP).

The neighborhoods of the town are Camiikebir, Derebaşı, İstiklal, Kaledibi, Soğukpınar.

History 
The area of Pertek was ruled by different empires in its history. In the medieval period such as the Armenians and Byzantines before being taken over by different Islamic dynasties after the 11th century. Later it became part of the Ilkhanids and others and finally became part of the Ottoman Empire in the early 16th century.

During the Ottoman period Pertek was a hereditary Kurdish sanjak. The old town of Pertek (Eski Pertek) was located near the citadel but was abandoned in 1838 and moved to its current location. Armenian sources state that about 180 Armenians still lived in the old town (Eski Pertek) up until the early 1900s despite the rising water levels of the Euphrates river. After 1889, it was fully incorporated into the Mamuretul-aziz Vilayet as a nahiye district of the Charsanjak kaza within the sanjak of Dersim.

According to the 1881 Ottoman census, there were 6 neighborhoods of Pertag town - 1154 total males (966 Muslim, 188 Armenian Apostolic) in 520 households. The general district had 23 villages of Pertag district - 127 total males (943 Muslim, 184 Armenian Apostolic) in 552 households. Females were often undercounted or entirely disregarded from census counts.

As a result of the construction of the Keban Dam, the Pertek district experienced the submerging of a number of its district's villages. Some of the settlements submerged were Eski Pertek, Borkin, Korluca (Til), Balan, Deşt, Zahuran, Beroç, Karameşe (Tezikan) [partially submerged], Tuzbaşı (Nisirto) [abandoned].

Historic monuments 
There are two historic Ottoman mosques in Pertek. The Baysungur mosque (16th century) and Celebi Ali mosque (16th century). The mosques were later dismantled and moved from the site of the old town to protect them from the rising water shore of the Lake Keban. The Pertek Castle is located on an Island. There are other historic sights in the nearby area. The village of Sağman has a ruined citadel with a 16th-century mosque, tomb and tekke built by the Kurdish sanjak bey Keykusrav.

Archaeology 
In August 2022, archaeologists led by Kenan Öncel announced that they had discovered a child skeleton in an oval-shaped pit in Tozkoparan Mound. They also revealed terracotta potteries, obsidians, bones, stone tools and arrowheads. In order to determine the skeleton's diet and age-at-death, researchers are planning to trace the diseases left in the bones.

References

Populated places in Tunceli Province
Pertek District
Turkish Kurdistan
Kurdish settlements in Tunceli Province
District municipalities in Turkey
Pervari

Pervari () is a town and seat of the Pervari District of Siirt Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Adiyan and Şakiran tribes and had a population of 6,261 in 2021.

The town is divided into the two neighborhoods of Aydın and Şakiran.

References

Populated places in Pervari District
Kurdish settlements in Siirt Province
District municipalities in Turkey
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Athletes from Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Trinidad and Tobago was represented by nineteen athletes and nine officials, competing in athletics, cycling, sailing, and swimming.

Athletics

Men's 100 metres
 Ainsely Armstrong
 First Heat — 10.56s (→ did not advance)

 Rudolph Reid
 First Heat — 10.74s (→ did not advance)

Men's 800 metres
 Lennox Stewart
 Heat — 1:48.7 (→ did not advance)

Men's 4 × 100 m Relay
 Ainsely Armstrong, Rudolph Reid, Bertram Lovell, and Hasely Crawford 
 Heat — DNS (→ did not advance)

 Arthur Cooper
 Trevor James
 Charles Joseph
 Patrick Marshall
 Laura Pierre
 Edwin Roberts

Cycling

Six cyclists represented Trinidad and Tobago in 1972

Individual road race
 Patrick Gellineau — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 Clive Saney — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 Anthony Sellier — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 Vernon Stauble — did not finish (→ no ranking)

Team time trial
 Pat Gellineau
 Clive Saney
 Anthony Sellier
 Vernon Stauble

Sprint
 Leslie King
 Winston Attong

1000m time trial
 Leslie King
 Final — 1:09.96 (→ 19th place)

Individual pursuit
 Vernon Stauble

Team pursuit
 Pat Gellineau
 Clive Saney
 Anthony Sellier
 Vernon Stauble

Sailing

Men's Flying Dutchman
 Richard Bennett and David Farfan

Swimming

Men's 100m Freestyle
 Geoffrey Ferreira
 Heat — 56.27s (→  did not advance)

References

External links
 Official Olympic Reports

Nations at the 1972 Summer Olympics
1972 Summer Olympics
1972 in Trinidad and Tobago
Pınarbaşı, Kastamonu

Pınarbaşı, formerly Tekkeşin, is a town in the Kastamonu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Pınarbaşı District. Its population is 2,477 (2021).

Image gallery

References

External links
 Municipality's official website 

Populated places in Kastamonu Province
Pınarbaşı District, Kastamonu
District municipalities in Turkey
Ave (intermunicipal community)

The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Ave () is an administrative division in Portugal. It was created in 2009. It takes its name from the Ave River. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Guimarães. Ave comprises parts of the former districts of Braga and Vila Real. The population in 2011 was 425,411, in an area of 1,451.31 km².

Ave is also a NUTS3 subregion of the Norte Region. Since January 2015, the NUTS 3 subregion covers the same area as the intermunicipal community.

Ave is bordered to the north by Cávado, to the east by Alto Tâmega, to the southeast by Douro, to the south by Tâmega e Sousa and the southwest by the Metropolitan Area of Porto. It is a densely populated area and one of the more industrialized in the country. The main industries are the textile industry, clothing and apparel. Part of the historical region of Minho, it is centered on the historic city of Guimarães (the birthplace of Portuguese nationalism).

Municipalities
The CIM Ave is composed of 8 municipalities:

References

External links
Official website CIM Ave

Intermunicipal communities of Portugal
Norte Region, Portugal
Minho
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1968 Summer Olympics

Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. 19 competitors, all men, took part in 14 events in 5 sports.

Athletics

Men's 100 metres
 Ronald Monsegue
 Round 1 — 10.5 seconds (→ 5th in heat, did not advance)

Men's 200 metres
 Edwin Roberts
 Round 1 — 20.6 seconds (→ 4th in heat, advanced to round 2)
 Round 2 — 20.4 seconds (→ 2nd in heat, advanced to semi final)
 Semi final — 20.4 seconds (→ 2nd in heat, advanced to final)
 Final — 20.3 seconds (→ 4th place)
 Winston Short
 Round 1 — 20.9 seconds (→ 2nd in heat, advanced to round 2)
 Round 2 — 21.5 seconds (→ 7th in heat, did not advance)

Men's 400 metres
 George Simon
 Round 1 — 47.9 seconds (→ 5th in heat, did not advance)

Men's 800 metres
 Benedict Cayenne
 Heats — 1:48.2 min (→ 2nd in heat, advanced to semi final)
 Semi final — 1:46.8 min (→ 4th in heat, advanced to final)
 Final — 1:54.3 min (→ 8th place)

Men's 4x100 metres relay
 Raymond Fabien, Winston Short, Carl Archer, Edwin Roberts
 Heats — 38.9 seconds (→ 6th in heat, advanced to semi final)
 Semi final — 39.5 seconds (→ 6th in heat, did not advance)

Men's 4x400 metres relay
 George Simon, Euric Bobb, Benedict Cayenne, Edwin Roberts
 Heats — 3:04.5 min (→ 2nd in heat, advanced to semi final)
 Semi final — 39.5 seconds (→ 6th in heat, did not advance)
 Final — 3:04.5 min (→ 6th place)

Cycling

Men's 1.000m Time Trial
 Roger Gibbon — 1:04.66 min (→ 5th place)

Men's Sprint
 Roger Gibbon
 Round 1 — 1st in heat (→ advanced to round 2)
 Round 2 — 1st in heat (→ advanced to round 2)
 Round of 16 — 2nd in heat (→ advanced to repechage)
 Repechage — 2nd in heat (→ did not advance)
 Leslie King
 Round 1 — 2nd in heat (→ advanced to repechage)
 Repechage — 1st in heat (→ advanced to round 2)
 Round 2 — 3rd in heat (→ advanced to repechage)
 Repechage — 1st in heat (→ advanced to round of 16)
 Round of 16 — 2nd in heat (→ advanced to repechage)
 Repechage — 3rd in heat (→ did not advance)

Men's Individual Pursuit
 Vernon Stauble
 Qualification — 5:07.80 min (→ 19th in trial, did not advance)

Men's Team Pursuit
 Robert Farrell, Salim Mohammed, Phillip Richardson, Noel Luces
 Qualification — 4:48.64 min (→ did not advance)

Shooting

Two male shooters represented Trinidad and Tobago in 1968.

50 m pistol
 Bertram Manhin — 539 pts (→ 38th place)

50 m rifle, prone
 Hugh Homer — 583 pts (→ 65th place)

Swimming

Men's 100 metres freestyle
 Geoffrey Ferreira
 Heats — 58.9 s (→ 5th in heat, did not advance)

Men's 100 metres backstroke
 Geoffrey Ferreira
 Heats — DNS (→ no ranking)

Men's 100 metres butterfly
 Geoffrey Ferreira
 Heats — DNS (→ no ranking)

Weightlifting

Lightweight
 Hugo Gittens
 Press — 120.0 kg
 Snatch — 102.5 kg
 Jerk — 137.5 kg
 Total — 360.0 kg (→ 16th place)

References

External links
 Official Olympic Reports
 Part Three: Results

Nations at the 1968 Summer Olympics
1968
1968 in Trinidad and Tobago
Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru

Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru (GPC) (The University of Wales Dictionary) is the only standard historical dictionary of the Welsh language, aspiring to be "comparable in method and scope to the Oxford English Dictionary".  Vocabulary is defined in Welsh, and English equivalents are given. Detailed attention is given to variant forms, collocations, and etymology.

The first edition was published in four volumes between 1967 and 2002, containing 7.3 million words of text in 3,949 pages, documenting 106,000 headwords. There are almost 350,000 dated citations dating from the year 631 up to 2000, with 323,000 Welsh definitions and 290,000 English equivalents, of which 85,000 have included etymologies.

History
In 1921, a small team at the National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, organised by the Rev. J. Bodvan Anwyl, arranged for volunteer readers to record words. The task of editing the dictionary was undertaken by R. J. Thomas in the 1948/49 academic year.

The first edition of Volume I appeared in 1967, followed by Volume II in 1987, Volume III in 1998, and Volume IV, edited by Gareth A. Bevan and P. J. Donovan, in December 2002. Work then immediately began on a second edition.

Following the retirement of the previous editors Gareth A. Bevan and Patrick J. Donovan, Andrew Hawke was appointed as managing editor in January 2008.

The second edition is based not only on the Dictionary's own collection of citation slips, but also on a wide range of electronic resources such as the Welsh Prose 1300-1425 website (Cardiff University), JISC Historic Books including EEBO and EECO (The British Library), Welsh Newspapers Online and Welsh Journals Online (National Library of Wales), and the National Terminology Portal (Bangor University).

In 2011, collaborative work began to convert the Dictionary data so that it could be used in the XML-based iLEX dictionary writing system, as well as to produce an online dictionary. After three years of work, on 26 June 2014, GPC Online was launched by then First Minister of Wales, Carwyn Jones, AM, in the Welsh Assembly. GPC Online attracted 10,251 visitors to its search page on the first day after launch.

On 12 May 2015, it was announced that the Welsh Government had awarded the Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies with a grant of £40,500 from the Welsh-language Technology and Digital Media Fund to aid development of a version of the Dictionary for mobile devices. A year later, on 24 February 2016, free mobile and tablet applications for the Dictionary were announced and launched. To accompany the launch, more than 400 new words were added to the dictionary. Within a week of the launch, over a thousand people had downloaded the application.

See also
 Irish lexicography
 Scottish Gaelic dictionaries

References

External links
Official website (in Welsh)
Official website (in English)
History of the Dictionary
GPC Apps for iOS and Android

Internet properties established in 2001
Welsh Language
Welsh language
Welsh non-fiction books
Welsh dictionaries
University of Wales
Pınarhisar

Pınarhisar, ancient Brysis (Βρύσις in Ancient Greek), is a town in Kırklareli Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. It is the seat of Pınarhisar District. Its population is 10,497 (2022). The mayor is İhsan Talay (AKP).

The town was a part of the defensive line Lüleburgaz - Karaağaç - Bunarhisar during the First Balkan War. The former spelling of its name was Bunarhisar. The settlement was captured by Bulgarians in the First Balkan War but was taken back by the Ottoman Empire in the course of the Second Balkan War.

History 
According to Turkish government resources, Pınarhisar was founded during the reign of Theodosius II, by  c. 425, under the name "Brysis" meaning "spring" in Greek. The town's fortress was built during the Byzantine era. In 1190, the town was significantly damaged by Crusader occupation. It was attacked by Tatars in 1264.

The town was captured by the Ottomans in 1368, by the forces under the command of Ghazi Mihal, as a part of a campaign led by Murad I.

Christian bishopric 
The first mention of the archdiocese of Brysis is in an early 10th-century Notitia Episcopatuum associated with Emperor Leo VI the Wise. Extant documents record the names of three of its ancient archbishops: John took part in the Second Council of Nicaea in 787; Nicetas was at the Photian Council of Constantinople (879) dell'879; Leo was one of the signatories of a decree of Patriarch Alexius of Constantinople in 1027.

During the Fourth Crusade Brysis became a Latin Church archbishopric under the name Verissa (of Thrace).

No longer a residential bishopric, Brysis is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.

References

Sources
 

Populated places in Pınarhisar District
 
District municipalities in Turkey
Polateli

Polateli, formerly Güldüzü and historically Ispanak, is a town and the administrative seat of the Polateli District in the Kilis Province of Turkey. Its population is 1,045 (2022). It is inhabited by Turkmens of the Çavuşlu tribe. It consists of 6 neighbourhoods: Atatürk, Cumhuriyet, Şehit Ali, Sosyal Konutlar, Ekrem Çetin and Kaymakam Kürşat Ağca.

References

Populated places in Kilis Province
Polateli District
District municipalities in Turkey
Turkoman settlements in Kilis Province
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1964 Summer Olympics

Athletes from Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. This marked the return of Trinidad and Tobago to the Olympic Games as a separate nation, after having competed as part of the British West Indies at the 1960 Summer Olympics. Thirteen competitors, all men, took part in ten events in four sports.

Medalists

Silver
 Wendell Mottley — Athletics, Men's 400 metres

Bronze
 Edwin Roberts — Athletics, Men's 200 metres  
 Edwin Skinner, Kent Bernard, Wendell Mottley, and Edwin Roberts — Athletics, Men's 4x400 metres

Athletics

Cycling

Three cyclists represented Trinidad and Tobago in 1964.

Sprint
 Roger Gibbon
 Fitzroy Hoyte

1000m time trial
 Roger Gibbon

Individual pursuit
 Ronald Cassidy

Sailing

Weightlifting

References

External links
Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1964 Summer Olympics
1964
1964 in Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1956 Summer Olympics

Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. Six competitors, all men, took part in seven events in three sports.

Athletics

Cycling

Sprint
 Hylton Mitchell — 13th place

Time trial
 Hylton Mitchell — 1:16.5 (→ 19th place)

Individual road race
 Hylton Mitchell — did not finish (→ no ranking)

Weightlifting

References

External links
 Official Olympic Reports
 International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1956 Summer Olympics
1956
1956 in Trinidad and Tobago
Peter Oliva

Peter Oliva (born 1964), is a Canadian novelist who lives in Calgary, Alberta.

His first novel, Drowning in Darkness (1993–1999), won the Writers Guild of Alberta Best First Book Award and was shortlisted for a Bressani Prize.  The book is set in the Crowsnest Pass of southern Alberta, and in Calabria, Italy.  It follows Italian immigrants to Canada in the early 1900s.

A former bookseller, Oliva won the Canadian Bookseller's Association Award for best independent bookstore in Canada, in 1999.

His second novel, The City of Yes, won the 1999 Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize.  The main narrative of a Canadian English teacher in Japan is interwoven with the fictionalized account of Ranald MacDonald, a Canadian explorer and the first man to teach English in Japan.

References

 Chaos as Metaphor: An Interview with Kazuo Ishiguro. By Peter Oliva, 1995, in: Brian W. Shaffer, Cynthia F. Wong ed., Conversations with Kazuo Ishiguro. Literary Conversations, 2008, pp 120–124

External links
 Peter Olivas Website
 Oliva, item at English-Canadian writers, Athabasca University, with links to a bibliography and an essay “Calabria to Crowsnest: Oliva’s Drowning in Darkness”, by Joseph Pivato

 

Canadian male novelists
Canadian people of Italian descent
1964 births
Living people
Writers from Calgary
Carlo Jachino

Carlo Jachino (1887–1971) was an Italian composer of the 20th century. Born in Sanremo on February 3, 1887, he studied in Leipzig under Hugo Riemann. Jachino's 3-act opera, Giocondo and his King won a national competition in (1922) and was premiered at the Dal Verme theater in Milan in 1924. In 1928 his Second Quartet in E minor shared the second prize with Harry Waldo Warner while Béla Bartók and Alfredo Casella shared the first prize at an international chamber music competition in Philadelphia. He was a proponent of dodecaphonic or 12-tone music. He wrote extensively about music, including Instruments of the Orchestra. He taught composition at the Parma Conservatory, Naples Conservatory and Rome Conservatory between 1927 and 1950. He was the director of the Naples Conservatory from 1950 to 1953, and later director of the National Conservatory of Colombia in Bogotà. Jachino was also inspector of music curriculum for the Italian Ministry of Education.

Although a proponent of twelve-tone technique Jachino wasn't always a strict serialist. According to Reginald Smith Brindle, his Piano Concerto (1952), performed in Florence in 1955,"was a miracle in avoiding all that dodecaphony implies". His Violin Concerto, the Sonata drammatica per violino e orchestra (1920) has been recorded.

Jachino was also involved in film. He composed the score for Il figlio di d'Artagnan (1950) and acted in L'ebreo errante (1948), and in Bicycle Thieves (1948).

Filmography

References

1887 births
1971 deaths
20th-century classical composers
Academic staff of the Parma Conservatory
Academic staff of Conservatorio Santa Cecilia
Italian classical composers
Italian male classical composers
People from Sanremo
Front Porch Stories

Front Porch Stories is Avail's sixth studio album, released on Fat Wreck Chords in 2002. It was the band's final album.

Track listing
 "Black and Red" - 2:15
 "Blue Times Two" - 2:56
 "West Wye" - 2:55
 "You" - 2:47
 "Gravel to Dirt" - 2:10
 "Done Reckoning" - 1:42
 "East on Main" - 2:28
 "Versus" - 3:04
 "Subdued and Arrested" - 2:40
 "Monuments" - 1:54
 "The Falls" - 3:36
 "Now" - 3:33

References

Avail albums
2002 albums
Fat Wreck Chords albums
Dark Harvest (2004 film)

Dark Harvest is a 2004 American slasher film, written and directed by Paul Moore.

Plot

The movie takes place in the summer of 2002 when Sean (Don Digiulio) inherits a farmhouse from his father. Sean was adopted at birth and until that point had no idea about his family. He and a group of friends decide to stay in the farmhouse located in West Virginia for a few days. When they arrive, they're attacked by three killer scarecrows.

Main cast

Production and release

The film, which was released directly to video, was shot with a low budget and in only two and a half weeks. It was followed by two unrelated sequels, Dark Harvest II: The Maize and The Maize 2: Forever Yours.

References

External links

 

2004 direct-to-video films
2004 horror films
American slasher films
Films set in 2002
Films set in West Virginia
2004 films
American films about revenge
LGBT-related horror films
Bisexuality-related films
American supernatural horror films
American zombie films
2000s slasher films
Films about Satanism
Films set on farms
Fictional scarecrows
American exploitation films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
Supernatural slasher films
American monster movies
Nelle Nugent

Nelle Nugent (born 1939) is an American independent Broadway producer.

Biography
She was born May 24, 1939, in Jersey City. She has overseen productions such as Amadeus, Morning's at Seven, The Elephant Man, The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, and Dracula, and awards she has won includes Tony for all five listed shows.

In 1982 she began her third marriage, to Jolyon Fox Stern, president of a New York insurance brokerage.

She and producer John Schwally started the east coast chapter of the Producers Guild of America in 2001, and  she is one of its five members-at-large.

 she will be a co-producer with musician Alicia Keys and Reuben Cannon for Lydia Diamond's Stick Fly at the Cort Theatre on Broadway beginning November 18, 2011.

References

External links

McCann & Nugent Productions records, 1976-1986, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

Nugent,Nelle
Nugent,Nelle
Nugent,Nelle
1939 births
Living people
21st-century American women
Aventura Stakes

The Aventura Stakes is a race for Thoroughbred horses raced at Gulfstream Park once run at the start of the year, but now in December.  The Aventura is open to three-year-olds willing to race one mile on the dirt and carries a purse of $125,000.

It is a prep to the Kentucky Derby the Holy Bull Stakes, the Hutcheson Stakes, the Fountain of Youth Stakes and the Florida Derby.

The Aventura is not listed as running in 2009 at Gulfstream Park.

Past winners

 2014 - Atreides (1:37.20)
 2008 - Not Run?
 2007 - Street Magician (Rafael Bejarano)
 2006 - Doctor Decherd (Shaun Bridgmohan) 
 2005 - High Fly 
 2004 - Kaufy Mate
 2003 - Dynever
 2002 - Marasca

References

Triple Crown Prep Races
Horse races in Florida
Vought FU



The Vought FU was a biplane fighter aircraft of the United States Navy in service during the late 1920s.

Design and development

Pleased with the company's VE-7, in 1926 the Navy gave Vought a $459,709 contract for 20 convertible land/sea fighters. Vought already had a two-seat observation plane, the UO-1, basically a VE with additional fuselage streamlining and a Wright J-3 radial engine. This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane, mounting machine guns in that area, and upgrading to a  Wright R-790 Whirlwind with a supercharger. With the help of the supercharger, the newly designated FU-1 was able to reach a speed of  at .

The FU-1s were delivered to VF-2B based in San Diego, California. With their float gear mounted, one was assigned to each of the battleships of the Pacific Fleet, where these observation seaplanes were launched from catapults. They spent eight months in this role, but as the squadron went to aircraft carrier operations, the further-aft cockpit proved to have a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck. In response, the forward cockpit was re-opened, the resulting aircraft being designated FU-2.

By this time they were obsolescent, and the two-seaters served primarily as trainers and utility aircraft.

Operators

 Peruvian Air Force - Two aircraft.
 Peruvian Navy - Two aircraft.

 United States Navy

Specifications (FU-1)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 Jones, Lloyd S. U.S. Naval Fighters. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers, 1977, , pp. 53–54.
 Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter. United States Navy Aircraft since 1911. London:Putnam, Second edition, 1976. .

External links

F01U
Vought F01U
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Floatplanes
Trinidad and Tobago at the 1952 Summer Olympics

Athletes from Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.

Medalists

Bronze
 Rodney Wilkes — Weightlifting, Men's Featherweight
 Lennox Kilgour — Weightlifting, Men's Middle Heavyweight

References
Official Olympic Reports
International Olympic Committee results database

Nations at the 1952 Summer Olympics
1952 Summer Olympics
1952 in Trinidad and Tobago
Catherine Feller

Catherine Feller (born 1939) is a British actress and educator. She is perhaps best known for her role as Oliver Reed's love interest in the Hammer Film Productions' The Curse of the Werewolf (1961). She appeared in Waltz of the Toreadors (1962) with Peter Sellers, and in the first colour episode "The Queen's Ransom" of The Saint TV show.

Career
In 1955, as a sixteen-year-old, Feller appeared in a production of The Lark at the Lyric, Hammersmith. The same year, she was featured in the Tatler modelling beachwear.

Feller has experience as an actress in several theatre performances, films and TV series in Italy and the United Kingdom, working for the BBC, the RAI and many other theatres and broadcasting companies. She has collaborated with several public and private schools as a lecturer on expressiveness and conversation courses addressed to teachers and students. She has performed her shows and laboratory activities sponsored by L’Astrolabio throughout Italian schools. Fluent in Italian, she also works as a translator for the magazine Vogue Gioiello, the Italian magazine for gems jewels, diamonds ornamental, and fashion trend.

Filmography

External links

References

British actresses
British translators
Living people
1939 births
British women writers
KA postcode area

The KA postcode area, also known as the Kilmarnock postcode area, is a group of 30 postcode districts in south-west Scotland, within 23 post towns. These cover East Ayrshire, North Ayrshire (including the Isle of Arran) and South Ayrshire.

Coverage
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:

|-
!KA1
|KILMARNOCK
|Kilmarnock Centre, Bonnyton, Grange, Bellfield, Riccarton, Shortlees, Caprington, Hurlford
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA2
|KILMARNOCK
|Knockentiber, Crosshouse, Dundonald
|East Ayrshire, South Ayrshire
|-
!KA3
|KILMARNOCK
|Longpark, Hillhead, Knockinlaw, Altonhill, Onthank, Beansburn, Southcraigs, New Farm Loch, Whinpark, Kilmaurs, Stewarton, Dunlop, Lugton, Fullwood, Kingsford, Fenwick, Crookedholm
|East Ayrshire, North Ayrshire
|-
!KA4
|GALSTON
|Galston, Moscow
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA5
|MAUCHLINE
|Mauchline, Tarbolton, Catrine, Sorn
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA6
|AYR
|Mossblown, Annbank, Coylton, Dalrymple, Hollybush, Drongan, Rankinston, Patna, Waterside, Dalmellington, Bellsbank
|South Ayrshire, East Ayrshire
|-
!KA7
|AYR
|Ayr Centre, Holmston, Forehill, Belmont, Castlehill, Kincaidson, Alloway, Doonfoot, Masonhill, Dunure
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA8
|AYR
|Braehead, Newton on Ayr, Woodfield, Heathfield, Whitletts, Lochside, Dalmilling, Craigie, Wallacetown
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA9
|PRESTWICK
|Prestwick, Monkton
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA10
|TROON
|Troon, Barassie, Muirhead, Loans
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA11
|IRVINE
|Perceton, Lawthorn, Girdle Toll, Stanecastle, Bourtreehill, Broomlands, Dreghorn, Springside
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA12
|IRVINE
|Irvine Centre, Fullarton, Stanecastle 
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA13
|KILWINNING
|Kilwinning
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA14
|BEITH
|Beith, Glengarnock, Longboat 
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA15
|BEITH
|Beith, Glengarnock, Longboat
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA16
|NEWMILNS
|Newmilns, Greenholm
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA17
|DARVEL
|Darvel
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA18
|CUMNOCK
|Cumnock, Auchinleck, Ochiltree, New Cumnock, Muirkirk, Smallburn, Lugar, Logan
|East Ayrshire
|-
!KA19
|MAYBOLE
|Maybole, Crosshill, Straiton, Kirkoswald
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA20
|STEVENSTON
|Stevenston
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA21
|SALTCOATS
|Saltcoats
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA22
|ARDROSSAN
|Ardrossan, Whitlees, Chapelhill
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA23
|WEST KILBRIDE
|West Kilbride
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA24
|DALRY
|Dalry, Drakemyre
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA25
|KILBIRNIE
|Kilbirnie
|North Ayrshire
|- 
!KA26
|GIRVAN
|Girvan, Turnberry, Dailly, Old Dailly, Ballantrae, Colmonell, Barrhill
|South Ayrshire
|-
!KA27
|ISLE OF ARRAN
|Brodick, Lochranza, Machrie, Kilmory, Kildonan, Holy Island
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA28
|ISLE OF CUMBRAE
|Millport
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA29
|LARGS
|Largs, Glenside, Fairlie, Kelburn
|North Ayrshire
|-
!KA30
|LARGS
|Largs
|North Ayrshire
|}

Map

See also
Postcode Address File
List of postcode areas in the United Kingdom

References

External links
Royal Mail's Postcode Address File
A quick introduction to Royal Mail's Postcode Address File (PAF)

East Ayrshire
North Ayrshire
South Ayrshire
Postcode areas covering Scotland
Alan Mcilwraith

Alan Mcilwraith (born 3 March 1978) is a Scottish former call centre worker from Glasgow who was exposed as a military impostor by a tabloid newspaper after he passed himself off as a much-decorated British Army officer.

Exposure
Mcilwraith's double life was exposed by the Scottish tabloid newspaper the Daily Record in an article on 11 April 2006 which described him as "Sir Walter Mitty". The newspaper contacted the British Army and Buckingham Palace during its investigation into Mcilwraith's status, but both denied knowledge of him. An Army spokesperson was quoted by the newspaper as saying, "I can confirm he is a fraud. He has never been an officer, soldier or Army cadet. May I suggest you try the space cadet organisation." Mcilwraith later said that "the lie had just gone too deep, it's like a weed that invades your life. Once it's taken root, there's nothing you can do about it."

In December 2007, the Sunday Mail reported that Mcilwraith had reinvented himself as a magician. When confronted by the Sunday Mail, he said: "I've been very stupid. It was all lies and for that I apologise. I should have stopped lying after I got caught last time but I just really wanted to be taken seriously as a magician. I won't ever do this again."

In June 2009, Mcilwraith received fresh coverage in the Daily Record, which reported that he had been passing himself off as a millionaire property tycoon and charity worker to students at Strathclyde University. The paper also claimed that Mcilwraith had asked some students for disclosure documents and taken their National Insurance numbers and other details after duping them into filling in recruitment forms.

When a journalist from the Record met Mcilwraith at Glasgow Central Station, he was wearing "striking blue" contact lenses. Mcilwraith claimed he was working for an agency that housed asylum seekers, denied passing himself off as a student and said that the stories of his latest tall tales had come from students getting confused after too many drinks. He stated: "I have been trying to recruit people for the company I work for but I have not been trying to do anything other than help. It's true I asked one girl about getting a disclosure but I was genuinely trying to help her along too."

See also
 Wikipedia Signpost article describing how the hoax was discovered and removed
 Alan McIlwraith's Wikipedia article as of 10 October 2005
 Reliability of Wikipedia – This article looks at some of the issues raised by open content editing.

References

External links
"Captain Sir Alan KBE – call-centre worker",  The Guardian, 12 April 2006
"CAPTAIN BOGUS", The Mirror, 13 April 2006
The Guardian – My great escape from Glasgow estate: fake army hero tells story, 25 July 2006
 Cara Page, "You shall not go to the ball, 'Sir Alan'", The Daily Record, 15 April 2006.

1978 births
Living people
People from Glasgow
Impostors
Hoaxes in the United Kingdom
2005 hoaxes
Internet hoaxes
Wikipedia controversies
Cávado (intermunicipal community)

The Comunidade Intermunicipal do Cávado () is an administrative division in northern Portugal. It was created in 2008. It is also a NUTS3 subregion of the Norte Region. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Braga, Norte. Cávado comprises part of the former Braga District. The population in 2011 was 410,169, in an area of , which makes it one of the most densely populated subregions of Portugal. Currently, as of 2021, it has 416.679 inhabitants and a population density of 351 per square kilometres.

Its name is derived from the Cávado River that drains a large part of its territory. It borders the intermunicipal community of Ave and the Metropolitan Area of Porto to the south, Alto Tâmega to the east, Alto Minho to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.

Municipalities
It is composed of six municipalities:

References

External links
Official website CIM Cávado

Intermunicipal communities of Portugal
Norte Region, Portugal
Minho
Standard components (food processing)

Standard components is a food technology term, when manufacturers buy in a standard component they would use a pre-made product in the production of their food.
They help products to be the same in consistency, they are quick and easy to use in batch production of food products.
Some examples are pre-made stock cubes, marzipan, icing, ready made pastry.

Usage
Manufacturers use standard components as they save time and sometimes cost a lot less and it also helps with consistency in products.
If a manufacturer is to use a standard component from another supplier it is essential that a precise and accurate specification is produced by the manufacturer so that the component meets the standards set by the manufacturer.

Advantages

Saves preparation time.
Fewer steps in the production process
Less effort and skill required by staff
Less machinery and equipment needed
Good quality
Saves money from all aspects
Can be bought in bulk
High-quality consistency 
Food preparation is hygienic

Disadvantages
Have to rely on other manufacturers to supply products
Fresh ingredients may taste better
May require special storage conditions
Less reliable than doing it yourself
Cost more to make 
Can't control the nutritional value of the product 
There is a larger risk of cross contamination.
 GCSE food technology

References

Food Technology Nelson Thornes, 2001 pg. 144

Components
Food industry
Food ingredients
County Route 552 (New Jersey)

County Route 552 (CR 552) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends  from Laurel Street (Cumberland County Route 606) in Bridgeton to Harding Highway (U.S. Route 40) in Hamilton Township.

Route description 

CR 552 begins at an intersection with CR 606 in Bridgeton, Cumberland County, heading east on two-lane undivided Irving Avenue. At the next intersection, the route crosses Route 77 and passes homes and businesses, crossing a Winchester and Western Railroad line before reaching intersections with CR 669 and CR 638 in more residential surroundings. A short distance after the CR 638 intersection, the road crosses into Upper Deerfield Township and enters more rural areas of development, turning east into a mix of farms and woods at the CR 654 junction. CR 552 crosses CR 553 before entering Deerfield Township, where the route intersects CR 675 and CR 705. The road enters more forested areas before passing homes as it intersects CR 682, CR 634, and CR 608. At this point, CR 552 turns to the northeast onto Sherman Avenue and passes farms to the north and forests to the south, reaching junctions with CR 717 and CR 636.

The route curves east into forested areas as it enters Vineland and crosses the Maurice River. CR 552 reaches an interchange with the Route 55 freeway before passing Inspira Medical Center Vineland and crossing CR 628. The road heads through a mix of woods and businesses as it comes to the Route 47 junction. From here, the route passes a mix of farms, woods, and homes as it intersects CR 615 at the crossing of Conrail Shared Assets Operations' Vineland Secondary. CR 552 continues through more wooded areas of homes as it crosses CR 555 and CR 655, turning southeast at the intersection with the latter. The route turns south at the CR 673 junction and passes through forests as it comes to an intersection with CR 552 Spur. At this point, CR 552 turns east-northeast onto Mays Landing Road and continues through dense forest with some homes, crossing CR 671 and turning east. After crossing the Manumuskin River, the road heads into Maurice River Township and runs through more rural areas.

CR 552 enters Buena Vista Township in Atlantic County  and heads northeast through wooded areas with residences as Broad Street, crossing CR 557 and the Beesleys Point Secondary railroad line operated by the Cape May Seashore Lines railroad. The road continues into Hamilton Township and heads east into forested areas with a few areas of homes. CR 552 continues east to its terminus at an intersection with US 40 in commercial areas.

Major intersections

Special routes 

County Route 552 Spur extends  from Third Street (CR 555) in Millville to Sherman Avenue (CR 552) in Vineland.

See also

References

External links 

New Jersey 5xx Routes (Dan Moraseski)

552
552
552
San Miguel Stakes

The San Miguel Stakes was American Thoroughbred horse race run between 1956 and 2009 at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California. A race for three-year-olds, it was contested on dirt until its final two years when the synthetic Cushion Track was installed. It was raced at a distance of 7 furlongs in its 1956 inaugural then at 6 furlongs in 1957 and at 6.5 furlongs from 1958 through 1963 after which it reverted permanently to six furlongs.

Tompion came in third, and T.V. Lark placed in 1960.  Linda's Chief won and Ancient Title placed in 1973.  Bold Forbes placed in 1976.  A filly, Motivity, won in 1981.  Precisionist won in 1984.

The final running of the San Miguel Stakes took place on March 28, 2009.

Records
Speed record:
 1:08.22 @ 6 furlongs : Prince Wild (1991)

Most wins by a jockey:
 6 - Bill Shoemaker (1960, 1964, 1966, 1971, 1977, 1980)

Most wins by a trainer:
 3 - Ross Fenstermaker (1979, 1981, 1984)
 3 - D. Wayne Lukas (1996, 1999, 2005)
 3 - Bob Baffert (2002, 2006, 2007)

Most wins by an owner:
 4 - Fred W. Hooper (1962, 1979, 1981, 1984)

Winners

 † In 1985 the race was run in January and again in December.

References

Discontinued horse races
Flat horse races for three-year-olds
Open sprint category horse races
Horse races in California
Santa Anita Park
Previously graded stakes races in the United States
Recurring sporting events established in 1956
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2009
10 Years of Abuse (and Still Broke)

10 Years of Abuse (and Still Broke) is sludge metal band Eyehategod's only live album, released on May 29, 2001. Although not all the tracks are live, it is still considered a live album, as the majority of tracks are live, and there are no studio tracks (the rest consist of demos and radio performances).

Track listing
 "Left To Starve" – 5:08
 "Hit a Girl" – 5:16
 "Depress" – 9:29
 "Children of God" – 4:44
 "White Nigger" – 4:08
 "Depress" – 3:28
 "Take as Needed for Pain" – 5:08
 "My Name is God (I Hate You)" – 5:07
 "Lack of Almost Everything" – 4:36
 "Blood Money" – 3:47
 "Children of God" – 4:52
 "Sister Fucker, Pt. 1/Sister Fucker, Pt. 2" – 5:51
 "30$ Bag" – 3:11
 "Zero Nowhere" – 5:15
 "Methamphetamine" – 5:37

Tracks 1–4 are taken from the original 1990 demo Lack of Almost Everything. Tracks 5–8 were recorded live on KXLU, August 2, 1994. Tracks 9–15 were recorded live in Europe, April 2000. All songs written by Eyehategod.

Credits

Tracks 1–4
Jim Bower – Guitar
Mike IX Williams – Vocals
Joe LaCaze – Drums
Marc Schultz – Bass
Steve Dale – Guitar

Tracks 5–8
Jim Bower – Guitar
Michael Williams – Vocals
Joe LaCaze – Drums
Marc Schultz – Bass
Brian Patton – Guitar
Chris Elder – Recording
Phil Vera – Recording

Tracks 9–15
Jim Bower – Guitar
Michael Williams – Vocals
Joe LaCaze – Drums
Danny Nick – Bass
Brian Patton – Guitar
Dave Fortman – Producer

Others
Angela Boatwright – Live Photo
Tom Bejgrowicz – Design, Layout and Additional Photography

References

2001 live albums
Eyehategod live albums
Albums produced by Dave Fortman
Century Media Records live albums