alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Schwab

Thomas Schwab (born 20 April 1962 in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria) is a West German luger who competed in the late 1980s. Together with Wolfgang Staudinger he won the bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, representing West Germany.

Schwab also won a bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1987 FIL World Luge Championships in Igls, Austria. He also won two gold medals at the 1988 FIL European Luge Championships in Königssee, West Germany (Men's doubles and mixed team). Schwab won the overall Luge World Cup men's doubles title in 1986–7.

From 1994 to 2008, he was head coach of all male and female lugers of Germany's  A-Group, succeeding Josef Lenz at this position. Since the 1994 Winter Olympics, his athletes have won a total of 129 medals in the Winter Olympics, world championships, and European championships. In February 2008, Schwab was named secretary general and sports director for the German bobsleigh and luge federation (BSD), effective in May. He was replaced as head coach of the German luge team by Norbert Loch, father of 2008 men's single world champion Felix.

References

External links
DatabaseOlympics.com information on Schwab
FIL-Luge.org February 27, 2008 article on Schwab's promotion.
Fuzilogik Sports - Winter Olympic results - Men's luge
Hickoksports.com results on Olympic champions in luge and skeleton.
Hickok sports information on World champions in luge and skeleton.
List of men's doubles luge World Cup champions since 1978.

1962 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Berchtesgaden
German male lugers
Lugers at the 1984 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for West Germany
Olympic medalists in luge
Medalists at the 1988 Winter Olympics
20th-century German people
Olympic lugers for West Germany
West German male lugers
German sports coaches
German sports executives and administrators
Wolfgang Staudinger

Wolfgang Staudinger (born 8 September 1963 in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria) is a West German luger who competed from 1978 to 1989. Together with Thomas Schwab he won the bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary.

Staudinger also won a bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 1987 FIL World Luge Championships in Igls, Austria. He also won two gold medals at the 1988 FIL European Luge Championships in Königssee, West Germany (Men's doubles and mixed team). Staudinger won the overall Luge World Cup men's doubles title in 1986-7.

After retiring from luge, Staudinger became a coach in the sport for such lugers as Robert Fegg and Steffen Skel. In June 2007, he was named head coach of the Canadian luge team. Staudinger is married to Marie-Claude Doyon, who finished seventh in the women's singles event at the 1988 games in Calgary.

References

External links
DatabaseOlympics.com information on Schwab
Fuzilogik Sports Winter Olympic results - Men's luge
Hickoksports.com results on Olympic champions in luge and skeleton.
Hickok sports information on World champions in luge and skeleton.
List of men's doubles luge World Cup champions since 1978.
Velocity magazine (Luge.ca) - July 2007

1963 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Berchtesgaden
German male lugers
Lugers at the 1984 Winter Olympics
Lugers at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for West Germany
Olympic medalists in luge
Medalists at the 1988 Winter Olympics
20th-century German people
Olympic lugers for West Germany
West German male lugers
German sports coaches
German expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Clare Glens

The Clare Glens are a wooded area with a path up the red sandstone gorge separated by the banks of the Clare river, which separates Counties Tipperary and Limerick, Ireland. It is located approximately 4 km from Newport, County Tipperary, approximately 5 km from Murroe on the R506 road.

There are two carparks located near to the entrance for walkers. There is also a small children's play area and picnic area and toilet facilities at the smaller carpark.

There is a signposted trail consisting of a walkway on both banks of the river with views and swimming locations. This includes an opening below a waterfall known as The Big Eas.

The river is used as a kayaking venue, and canoeists usually enter the Clare river at the top carpark by Ashroe and kayak down the waterfalls and rapids.

In the late 1990s the Limerick path of the Clare Glens was widened and levelled to allow emergency vehicles access to the two mile long walk.

The Clare Glens were hit during storm Darwin on 12 February 2014, and suffered severe damage.

The site is a listed European Special Area of Conservation (SAC), designated for its areas of oak woodland habitat and a species of rare fern known as the Killarney Fern Trichomanes speciosum

References

External links
Irish Whitewater Clare Glens River Guide
UL Kayak Club Clare Glens River Guide
Clare Glens Walks

Geography of County Tipperary
Waterfalls of the Republic of Ireland
Putrajaya Lake

The Putrajaya Lake () is a lake located at the centre of Putrajaya, Malaysia, roughly 33 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur. This 650-hectare man-made lake is designed to act as a natural cooling system for the city and also for recreation, fishing, water sports and water transport.  The lake and its surrounding areas form Putrajaya’s most popular resource for informal recreation as a waterfront city.

The lake has an average depth of 6.60 metres and a catchment area of 50.9 square kilometres.

The well-known Putra Mosque (Pink Mosque), Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Mosque (Iron Mosque), and Millennium Monument (Malaysia) are located on its shores.

Activities
In 2017, the lake was one of the venues for the 29th Southeast Asian Games, when Malaysia served as host.

On 26 September 2004, the F1 Powerboat World Championship was held on this lake for the first time (third time hosted by Malaysia).

In 2005, Putrajaya hosted the Asian Canoeing Championships.

Between 17 and 19 May 2014, it hosted the second round of the Red Bull Air Race World Championship.

See also
 Geography of Malaysia

References

External links 

Geography of Putrajaya
Lakes of Malaysia
Tourist attractions in Putrajaya
Landau-Land

Landau-Land is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the eastern edge of the Palatinate forest, around Landau. The seat of the municipality is in Landau, itself not part of the municipality.

The Verbandsgemeinde Landau-Land consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

 Billigheim-Ingenheim 
 Birkweiler 
 Böchingen 
 Eschbach
 Frankweiler 
 Göcklingen 
 Heuchelheim-Klingen 
 Ilbesheim bei Landau in der Pfalz 
 Impflingen 
 Knöringen 
 Leinsweiler 
 Ranschbach 
 Siebeldingen 
 Walsheim

Verbandsgemeinde in Rhineland-Palatinate
Südliche Weinstraße
Wetu

A wetu is a domed hut, used by some north-eastern Native American tribes such as the Wampanoag. They provided shelter, sometimes seasonal or temporary, for families near the wooded coast for hunting and fishing. They were made out of sticks of a red cedar frame covered with either tree bark or mats made from grass or reeds.

References

Further reading

External links
 A discussion of the wetu with Tim Turner, manager of the Wampanoag Indigenous Program at Plimouth Plantation.
 An almost four-minute video interview about a wetu

Traditional Native American dwellings
Wampanoag
Huts in the United States
Malkotsis

Malkotsis was the trade name for Technica S. Malkotsis A.E., which has historically been the most important Greek engine manufacturer, surpassing several engine (mostly diesel and semi-diesel) manufacturers that flourished in Greece in the 1920s and (mostly) 1930s, like Dimadis-Kanakis in Volos, Peteinaris in Kalamata, Sideris, BIO, and others in Athens, etc. Located in Piraeus, before World War II Malkotsis produced various types of industrial machinery.  After the war it produced industrial machinery for several Greek companies, but it progressively focused almost entirely on diesel engines, soon becoming the largest company in its field. Malkotsis engines found use in a variety of industrial applications, while its boat engine models became legendary for their reliability. A series of electric motors was produced as well. Its EM Diesel series (designed in collaboration with a British consulting firm) included engines specifically designed for powering of vehicles and was employed in Malkotsis's own farm tractor models (Malkotsis EM-2 and EM-4) introduced in 1959. The tractors were produced for only a few years, due to lack of funding and other problems related to a complete lack of state support.  The company faced financial problems later, due to competition from cheaper imports, and was acquired in 1991 by Drakos-Polemis A.E., a pump manufacturing company which used all Malkotsis infrastructure for its production purposes.

See also
 List of former tractor manufacturers
 List of tractor manufacturers

References
 L.S. Skartsis and G.A. Avramidis, "Made in Greece", Typorama, Patras, Greece (2003)  (republished by the University of Patras Science Park, 2007).  
L.S. Skartsis, "Greek Vehicle & Machine Manufacturers 1800 to present: A Pictorial History", Marathon (2012)  (eBook)
 E. Roupa and E. Hekimoglou, “I istoria tou aftokinitou stin Ellada (History of automobile in Greece)”, Kerkyra - Economia publishing, Athens (2009) 
Agricultural machinery manufacturers of Greece
Engine manufacturers of Greece
Tractor manufacturers of Greece
Motor vehicle engine manufacturers
1991 disestablishments in Greece
Protva

The Protva () is a river in the Moscow and Kaluga oblasts in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Oka. It is  long, and has a drainage basin of . The area of its basin is . The Protva freezes up in early December and stays icebound until early April. Its main tributary is the Luzha. The towns of Vereya, Borovsk, Protvino and Obninsk are located on the shores of the Protva.

References

Rivers of Kaluga Oblast
Rivers of Moscow Oblast
Maikammer

Maikammer () is a municipality in the Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the German Wine Route, approx. 5 km south of Neustadt an der Weinstraße. Maikammer is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Maikammer.

Geography

Location 
Maikammer lies at elevations from 120 to 300 m at the foot of the Kalmit, the highest mountain in the Palatine Forest (673 m), in a landscape dominated by vineyards. Other high ground within the boundaries of the parish includes the north flank of the Schafkopf (617 m), the Rotsohlberg (607 m), the north flank of the Stotz (603 m), the northeast flank of the Breitenberg (545 m), the Flachkopf (498 m) and the Wetterkreuzberg (401 m).

Neighbouring municipalities are (clockwise): Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Kirrweiler (Pfalz), Edenkoben, Sankt Martin (Pfalz), Edenkoben (exclave), Gommersheim (exclave) and Kirrweiler (exclave).

Climate 
Due to its mild climate, not only do grapes grow here but also exotic fruit such as kiwis, lemons, almonds and sweet chestnuts.

Industry

Maikammer's local economy is predominantly supported by the wine industry.  The area is well known for the vineyards of Alsterweiler, Kappellenberg, Kirchenstück, Immengarten and Heiligenberg, which produce  Müller-Thurgau and Riesling grapes.  Wine has played a significant part in Maikammer's history, both economically and culturally.  Maikammer is also host to numerous villas built by the original wine families of the area, which now help to attract tourists to the area.

During the 1850s, Anton Ullrich and his brother Franz Ullrich established an enameling factory in Maikammer producing enameled kitchenware.  This factory was a major source of employment for the people of Maikammer, employing around 1,000 people at its peak.  The products made in Maikammer were sold throughout Europe, distribution  extended as far east as Russia.  The factory was closed in 1928 as a result of Germany's hyperinflation.

Spelling variations

The town of Maikammer has also been spelled in the following ways: Meinkeimere (1315), Meinkemer (1329), Menkemer (1335), Menkemere (1345), Meinkemeren (1346), Meinkemer (1348), Meinkeymer (1350, 1366), Meinkeimer (1370), Meinkemer (1391, 1419), Meynkeimere (1437), Meynkamere (1464), Meinkheimer (1468), Meyekeymere (1500), Mainkeimer (1542), Meynkammer (1560), Maycammer (1650), and since 1800 Maikammer.

Mayors
 Sebastian Frantz (1860–1904)
 Eduard Wolf (1904–1920)
 Dr. J.C. Wolf (1920–1933)
 Gustav Buchenberger (1933–1942)
 Otto Wingerter (1942–1945)
 Dr. J.C. Wolf (1945–1946)
 Alfred Wagner (1946–1947)
 Rudolf Straub (1947–1948)
 Hermann Ullrich (1948–1955, CDU)
 Johannes Damm (1955–1973, CDU)
 Rudolf Müller (1973–1974, CDU)
 Dieter Ziegler (1974–1994, CDU)
 Karl Schäfer (1994–incumbent, CDU)

Notable residents
 General Jakob Freiherr von Hartmann (1797–1873)
 Franz Ullrich (1830–1891), industrialist

References

 
Südliche Weinstraße
Odra Kingdom

Odra was a kingdom located in the northern Odisha in Eastern India. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. Odras were neighbours to the Vangas. It is believed that the Odia language and the state Odisha got their names derived from the name "Odra".

Reference in Mahabharata 
Only a single reference of Odra is found in Mahabharata. The Odras were mentioned along with the Vangas, Angas and Paundras as bringing tribute for Yudhishthira for his Rajasuya sacrifice (3,51).

There is a mysterious mention of the name Udrakeralas in Mahabharata. It is not known if the word Udra in the composite word Udra-Keralas has any relations with Odra.  The name Oriya originated from Odra or Udra tribes that inhabited the central coastal belt (Khordha District and Nayagarh District) of modern Orissa.

Reference-^ a b c d Orissa Government Portal

See also 
 Kingdoms of Ancient India

References 
 Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli

External links

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
History of Odisha
Reims Aviation

Reims Aviation Industries was a French aircraft manufacturer located in the city of Reims, most recently producing the F406 Caravan II. Reims Aviation was a wholly owned subsidiary of GECI Aviation.

History
Max Holste, the company founder, built his first aircraft in 1931, a light two-seater aircraft called the SHB1. In 1946, he started his own aircraft company, Avions Max Holste, in downtown Reims. In the 1950s, two new models were designed: the MH.1521 Broussard in 1950 and  the MH.260 Super Broussard in 1959. In 1960, a cooperative agreement was signed with Cessna to produce light aircraft for the European market. The company was officially born as Reims Aviation in 1962, mainly producing the FR172 Reims Rocket, a more powerful version of the Cessna 172. In 1989, Reims Aviation bought back all the shares held by Cessna and became a private French aircraft manufacturer. Production of the single-engined airplanes was halted, and only the F406 remained in production.

The company entered receivership on 10 September 2013.  On 25 March 2014, the Commercial Court of Reims approved the transfer of the Company's aircraft maintenance, cabin management, integration and installation systems assets to ASI Innovation and the transfer of its F406 assets to Continental Motors, Inc.  With the disposition of the company's assets, its parent company, GECI Aviation, was also liquidated on 17 April 2014. Continental has indicated that it plans to continue the production of the F406 in Mobile, Alabama.

Products
The F406 was the last model still in production at the time of bankruptcy. All aircraft were made in cooperation with Cessna. 
 Reims F150
 Reims F152
 Reims F172
 Reims FR172 Rocket
 Reims F177
 Reims F182
 Reims F337
 Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II

References

External links
 Historique des avions Max Holste jusqu'à Reims Aviation (french)
 Interview de Pierre Clostermann, président de Reims Aviation (french) Aviation Magazine, 1973.

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
Companies based in Reims
Transport in Reims
Nyuya (river)

The Nyuya (; , Ñüüye) is a river in Sakha, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Lena. The length of the river is . The area of its basin is .

Course  
The Nyuya has its source in the Lena Plateau and flows south of the course of the Peleduy. In its lower course it flows to the west of the Derba as it reaches the Lena floodplain and flows slowly, meandering in a swampy area. Finally it meets the Lena  from its mouth. There are over 600 lakes in the river basin.

Tributaries
The main tributaries of the Nyuya are the  long Tympychan, the  long Khamaky, the  long Ulakhan-Murbayy, the  long Ochchuguy-Murbayy, and the  long Betinche. The Nyuya freezes up in the second half of October and stays icebound until May.

See also
List of rivers of Russia

References

External links 

Rivers of the Sakha Republic
Lena Plateau
Jenni Väänänen

Jenni Väänänen (, from 2004 to 2014 Dahlman-Räikkönen; born 27 October 1981) is a Finnish model and winner of the 2001 Miss Scandinavia contest.

Career

Väänänen started modeling at the age of 14, and she was runner-up in Miss Finland 2000. One year later she became Miss Scandinavia. In the same year, she became Queen of the Year's second runner up in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In 1999, she competed in Miss Model of the Year 1999 and was one of the final ten contestants.

In 2005 she became a show jumping rider.

Personal life
Väänänen met Formula One racing driver Kimi Räikkönen in late 2000 during the Miss Scandinavia contest that she won. They married on 31 July 2004. The couple lived between Finland and Switzerland. They separated in February 2013, and divorced in 2014. 

In 2021, Väänänen married former ice hockey player Ossi Väänänen, and they have two sons (born in 2017 and 2018).

References

External links
 

1981 births
Living people
People from Kaarina
Finnish female models
Finnish beauty pageant winners
Miss World 2001 delegates
Offenbach an der Queich

Offenbach an der Queich is a municipality in the Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the river Queich, approx. 6 km east of Landau.

Offenbach an der Queich is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Offenbach an der Queich.

References

Palatinate (region)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Ice Hockey Federation

The Ice Hockey Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina (; HSBiH) is the governing body of ice hockey in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is responsible for the Bosnia and Herzegovina Hockey League (BHL) and the Bosnia and Herzegovina men's national ice hockey team.

References

External links
Official website
Bosnia and Herzegovia at IIHF.com

Ice hockey in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ice hockey governing bodies in Europe
National members of the International Ice Hockey Federation
Ice hockey
Sports organizations established in 2001
2001 establishments in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Tyung

The Tyung (; , Tüŋ) is a river in Yakutia, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vilyuy (Lena's basin). The length of the river is . The area of its basin is .

Course
The Tyung begins in the Central Siberian Plateau. When it descends into the Central Yakutian Lowland it begins to meander strongly and flows roughly southwards until it meets the Vilyuy. The Tyukyan, also a Vilyuy tributary, has its source in a swampy area near the Tyung basin.

The Tyung freezes up in October and stays icebound until the second half of May to early June.

Tributaries
Its main tributaries are the  long Chimidikyan (Чимидикээн), the  long Dzhippa (Дьыыппа), the  long Arga-Tyung (Арҕаа Түҥ) and the  long Tyungkeen (Түҥкэн).

See also
List of rivers of Russia

References

Rivers of the Sakha Republic
Private sub-domain registry

A private sub-domain registry allocates domain names in a subset of the Domain Name System under a domain registered with an ICANN-accredited or ccTLD registry. Most of the private sub-domain registries operate based on an ISO 3166-1 name that is a subdomain of a higher-level domain.

Some of these registries combine the domain registry and the domain registrar functions in the administration structure, while others distribute domains via third-party registrars.

Operation
Private registries operate at a technical level identical to official domain registries using the well-known principles of operation of the Domain Name System. In addition, the registries may also operate a WHOIS service to publish domain name information.

History
The idea for an independent global domain name registry stems from a series of conversations between one of CentralNic's original founders and the late Jon Postel, one of the founding fathers of the modern Internet. Postel suggested the use of .UK.COM to compete with .CO.UK, at a time when the proposed price of the latter was about $300.

After the use of UK.COM, other ISO Country codes ending in .COM were also established such as AU.COM (Australia) and HK.COM (Hong Kong) and many other countries. In 2011, CentralNic established the country code second-level domain .COM.DE. Even though that domain is very similar to official ccSLDs, like COM.AU or COM.PL, it has no official status since it is not operated by Denic, the official registry service provider of .DE domains.

See also 
 Domain registrar
 Domain registry
 ICANN

References

Domain Name System
Domain name registries
Frank Reddaway Ltd v Banham

Frank Reddaway Ltd. v. George Banham, [1896] A.C. 199 is a famous decision of the House of Lords on the tort of passing off. The Court held that  purely descriptive product names such as "camel hair belting" can acquire secondary meaning, and consequently, is protected from passing off.

Frank Reddaway made machine belting which he sold under the name "Camel Hair Belting" for many years. George Banham was a former employee of Reddaway who left to start his own business manufacturing machine belting which he also called "Camel Hair Belting". 

Reddaway sued Banham for passing off. He argued that there was a large portion of the public who recognized the name "Camel Hair Belting" as his product. He was also able to demonstrate that there were people who were getting the products confused.

The Court of Appeal held that the name was merely descriptive and so could not be protected.

The House of Lords overturned the decision of the Court of Appeal. Lord Herschell held that the words had acquired a secondary meaning through its broad notoriety, and that the public clearly associated the name "Camel Hair Belting" with the exact product produced by Reddaway.

Lord Herschell stated: 
I cannot help saying that, if the defendants are entitled to lead purchasers to believe that they are getting the plaintiffs' manufacture when they are not, and thus to cheat the plaintiffs of some of their legitimate trade, I should regret to find that the law was powerless to enforce the most elementary principles of commercial morality.'

See also
 List of trademark case law
List of House of Lords cases

House of Lords cases
Trademark case law
1896 in British law
1896 in case law
Peter Stumpf

Peter Stumpf may refer to:

Peter Stumpp (d. 1589) or Peter Stumpf, tried as a werewolf in 1589
Peter Stumpf (cellist), principal cello of the Los Angeles Philharmonic orchestra
Peter P. Stumpf Jr. (1948–2010), American politician and businessman

also may refer to:
Peter Štumpf (born 1962), Slovenian Roman Catholic prelate
Raouf Hannachi

Raouf Hannachi is a Tunisian born Canadian citizen who served as the Muezzin at Assuna Mosque in Montreal. He was captured by the United States government and turned over to Tunisian officials in October 2001 and jailed.

Hannachi became a Canadian citizen in 1986, and lived in Montreal with his wife.

Hannachi was an active al-Qaeda member. Hannachi returned from Afghanistan towards the end of the summer of 1997, where he had trained for jihad at Khalden Camp. He told Ahmed Ressam about the experience and jihad, encouraged him to train as well, and ultimately arranged a trip to the camp for Ressam and his roommate Mustapha Labsi.

When Abu Zubaydah was waterboarded by American intelligence officers, he offered up Hannachi's name among the hundreds of others he listed as conspirators.

His Montreal apartment was wiretapped by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), who dubbed his circle of friends BOG, Bunch of Guys, and joked that they were like "terrorist tupperware parties" in their boastful talk and lack of any true threat. One of them, however, was Ahmed Ressam, the al-Qaeda member known as the Millennium bomber who attempted to blow up the Los Angeles International Airport.

See also
Faker Boussora

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian Muslims
Tunisian emigrants to Canada
People from Montreal
Danish Ice Hockey Union

('The Danish Ice Hockey Union') or DIU is the governing body of ice hockey in Denmark. It is a member of the National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark (DIF) and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). The association was founded on 27 November 1949 and became a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation the same year.

The union is responsible for all of Denmark's national ice hockey teams and organizes the Metal Ligaen, KvindeLigaen, and the other ice hockey leagues and tournaments in Denmark.

On 1 June 2014, seventeen ice hockey clubs and 4,252 players were registered with the DIU.

National teams 
 Denmark men's national ice hockey team
 Denmark women's national ice hockey team
 Denmark men's national junior ice hockey team
 Denmark men's national under-18 ice hockey team
 Denmark women's national under-18 ice hockey team

References

External links
 
Denmark at IIHF.com

Ice hockey in Denmark
Sports organizations established in 1949
Ice hockey governing bodies in Europe
National members of the International Ice Hockey Federation
Ice hockey
1949 establishments in Denmark
Utkala Kingdom

Utkala Kingdom was located in the northern and eastern portion of the modern-day Indian state of Odisha. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata, with the names Utkala, Utpala, and Okkal. It is mentioned in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana.

Early Sanskrit Literature
The early Sanskrit medieval literature says "उत्कृष्ट कलायाः देशः यः सः  उत्कलः" (), meaning the land having an "excellent opulence of artists". The Puranic division of Utkala desa was bounded on the north by the river Kapisa, on the south by the river Mahanadi, on the east by the Bay of Bengal and to the west by Mekala hills.

References in Mahabharata 
The Dasarnas, the Mekalas (a kingdom to the west of Utkala) and the Utkalas were mentioned as kingdoms of Bharata Varsha (Ancient India) (6:9). Utkalas were mentioned as taking part in the Kurukshetra War siding with the Kauravas. Many Mekalas, Utkalas, Kalingas, Nishadas, and Tamraliptakas, advanced against Nakula, showering their shafts and lances, desirous of slaying him (8:22).

The Utpalas, the Mekalas, the Paundras, the Kalingas, the Nishadas, the Trigartas, and the Valhikas, were all vanquished by Karna (7:4).

See also 
 Kingdoms of Ancient India

References 

 Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
Kungens Kurva

Kungens Kurva (literally, "The King's Bend" or "The King's Curve") is a part of Huddinge Municipality, in Metropolitan Stockholm, Sweden, 20 km south of the city. The area got its name on 28 September 1946, when King Gustav V's chauffeur-driven 1939 Cadillac skidded off the road and ended up in a ditch (The king was uninjured). The name later became official.

The area has a large retail park, with stores such as supermarkets, electronics/hardware retailers and the world's third largest IKEA store, with, since a 2014 expansion, a total area of 63,200 square meters. It is close to Skärholmen metro station, which provides access to Stockholm.

Sports
The following sports clubs are located in Kungens Kurva:

 Segeltorps IF

References

Metropolitan Stockholm
Hauenstein

Hauenstein is a municipality in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Palatinate forest, approximately 20 km east of Pirmasens, and 20 km west of Landau.

Hauenstein is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Hauenstein.

It is an important centre for the shoe industry, and is home to the German Shoe Museum (Deutsches Schuhmuseum).

References

Palatinate Forest
South Palatinate
Südwestpfalz
Yang Wanli

Yang Wanli (or Yang Wan-Li) (楊萬里) (1127–1206), courtesy name Yanxiu (延秀), was a Chinese poet and politician, born in Jishui, Jizhou (today Jishui County, Jiangxi). He was one of the "four masters" of the Southern Song dynasty poetry. 

Written during the final exile of the Song to Hangzhou, the poems celebrate the beauties and mysteries of nature, flora and fauna, much as the famed Song painters did. But they also querulously and wittily illuminate the annoyances and pleasures of everyday life.

He passed his jinshi exams in 1154 (24th year of the Shaoxing era) and served a number of minor official posts in the Song Dynasty.

See also
Huang Tingjian

Sources 

 Yang Wanli

1127 births
1206 deaths
12th-century Chinese poets
13th-century Chinese poets
Poets from Jiangxi
Politicians from Ji'an
Song dynasty poets
Song dynasty government officials
Daphne (singer)

Daphne Njie Efundem (born 20 September 1989) known professionally as Daphne is a Cameroonian urban pop singer. She began her professional musical career with her song "Rastafari" and got popular via the song Calée. Daphné is married with presently no children.

Discography

Here to Stay (2016)
 The Eye (feat. Crispy & Flames)
 Kumba Water
 Mother's Love
 Famla
 Madingwa
 One Spirit
 Groove (Saka)
 Allez (feat. Feuturist)
 I Do
 Sunshine
 Gunshot
 Ovasabi (feat. M-Pro)
 Haters
 Shubidu (Dark Angel)
 Ya song
 Reflection
 Broken
 Ndolo
 Rastafari
 Calée

References 

Living people
1989 births
21st-century Cameroonian women singers
Afrobeats musicians
A. Harry Griffin

Arthur Harry Griffin (15 January 1911 – 9 July 2004) was a British journalist and mountaineer. He is particularly remembered for his evocative recording, in his writing, of rock-climbing in the Lake District in the inter-war years, especially a group called 'The Coniston Tigers'; for his long-running 'Lakeland Diary' column in The Guardian (spanning a period of 53 years); and for having inspired, via these columns, and an article in the Lancashire Evening Post, the rebirth of interest in the Bob Graham Round.

Fuller details of his life, including his wartime service as an intelligence officer,  may be found in the Guardian obituary. He was  friends with Alfred Wainwright but somewhat disapproved of the damage to the fells that the popularity of Wainwright's guides could cause.

References

Bibliography
(In print)

Griffin, A. H. (2000) The Coniston Tigers, Sigma Press, (foreword C. Bonington)
Griffin, A. H., ed M. Wainwright (2005) A Lifetime of Mountains, Aurum Press - edited collection of extracts from the Guardian's Country Diary
Griffin, A. H., ed. P. Hardy (2008) The High Places: Leaves from a Lakeland Notebook, Frances Lincoln.
Griffin, A. H., ed. P. Hardy (2011) Heritage of Lakeland: A Centenary Collection, Frances Lincoln.

(Out of print)

Griffin, A. H. (1961) Inside the Real Lakeland, Guardian
Griffin, A. H. (1961) In Mountain Lakeland, Guardian
Griffin, A. H. (1966) Pageant of Lakeland, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1968) The Roof of England, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1970) Still the Real Lakeland, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1975) Long Days in the Hills, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1975) A Lakeland Notebook, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1976) A Year in the Fells, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1978) Freeman of the Hills, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1980) Adventuring in Lakeland, Robert Hale
Griffin, A. H. (1990) A Lakeland Mountain Diary, Crowood Press

The Guardian journalists
People from Barrow-in-Furness
1911 births
2004 deaths
Dahner Felsenland (Verbandsgemeinde)

Dahner Felsenland is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Palatinate forest, approx. 15 km southeast of Pirmasens, and 25 km west of Landau. Its seat of administration is in its central town, Dahn. The area is known for its red sandstone cliffs, many of them crowned with ruined castles.

The Verbandsgemeinde Dahner Felsenland consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

Verbandsgemeinde in Rhineland-Palatinate
Palatinate Forest
South Palatinate
Make a Sound

Make a Sound is the second album by American rock band Autopilot Off. It was produced by then-Sum 41 producer and manager Greig Nori.

Release
In February 2004, it was announced for release in two months' time. On February 23, 2004, "What I Want" was posted online; it was released on a split single with Fall Out Boy on March 23, 2004. The music video for "What I Want" was posted online on four days later. Make a Sound was released on April 13 through Island Records. In April and May, the group supported Rufio on their headlining US tour, which included an appearance at the Skate and Surf Festival. They played a handful of dates with Authority Zero and Pennywise. On May 18, 2004, the band appeared on The Late Late Show. They then embarked on a US headlining tour with Riddlin' Kids and Bayside. Autopilot Off appeared on IMX on June 16, 2004. Prior to a Japanese tour with the Offspring, drummer Phil Robinson got married; Ben Lythberg of Snapcase filled in his role. Upon returning to the US, they played shows with Squad Five-O, theStart and A Second Chance, and appeared at the Just Play Games Festival. They performed across the US on the Projekt Revolution tour until September 2004.

Track listing

Personnel

Autopilot Off
 Chris Johnson – Lead vocals, rhythm guitar
 Chris Hughes – Lead guitar, backing vocals
 Rob Kucharek – Bass guitar, backing vocals
 Phil Robinson – Drums

Artwork
 Rob Kucharek – Design, layout design
 Andrew Forgash – Photography

Additional musicians
 Tim Armstrong – Co-writing on "Blind Truth" & "What I Want"
 Michael "Elvis" Baskette – Additional Guitars
 Ed Krautner – Piano
 Greig Nori – Co-writing on "Clockwork"

Production
 Greig Nori, Chris Johnson, & John Naclerio – Producers
 Zach Blackstone, C.J. Buscaglia, Steve Chahley, & Damien Shannon	 – Assistants
 Ed Krautner, Roger Lian – Digital Editing
 Matt Hyde – Drum Engineering
 Gersh & Joe Nicholson – Drum Technician
 Michael "Elvis" Baskette, Femio Hernández, Matt Hyde, Ed Krautner, & John Naclerio, – Engineers
 Justin Huth & Stephen Looker – Guitar Technician
 Howie Weinberg – Mastering at Masterdisk, NYC
 Tom Lord-Alge – Mixing on tracks: 1, 5, 9-12
 Randy Staub –  Mixing on tracks: 2-4, 6-8
 Andrew Huggins – Recording Administration

Charts

Other versions
The Japanese version of Make a Sound includes a bonus track titled "Raise Your Rifles". There is also a limited edition print of the album, that, as well as the Japanese bonus track, includes two additional exclusive songs.

Use in media
"Make A Sound" appears in the soundtrack for Burnout 3: Takedown, "Chromatic Fades" in NASCAR Thunder 2004, "Clockwork" in NHL 2004 (however is misspelled as "Clockworks") and SSX 3, and "What I Want" in Test Drive: Eve of Destruction and Cars.

References

2004 debut albums
Autopilot Off albums
Albums produced by Greig Nori
Island Records albums
Graeme Morrison

Graeme Morrison (born 17 October 1982 in Hong Kong) is a retired Scottish rugby union footballer. He played for Glasgow Warriors and Scotland as a Centre.

Rugby Union career

Amateur career

Morrison played as a schoolboy for, Dollar Academy, where he captained the first XV.

Professional career

He played for Glasgow Warriors for 10 years, making 176 appearances and 110 points.

On 20 May 2013, after a successful season for Glasgow, third in the Pro12 and Semi-finals of the play-offs, Graeme announced his retirement from rugby on medical advice, struggling with persistent knee problems.

International career

He has represented Scotland at under-21 level.

Morrison played in all four tests against Australia in 2004. He scored his first international try in the win over Japan at McDiarmid Park in the same year. Since then, he has gone on to win more than 30 test caps for Scotland.

He was recalled to the Scotland team for the first time in four years, for the Calcutta Cup tie against England on 8 March 2008, following some excellent displays for his club side, Glasgow Warriors.

References

External links
Glasgow profile
Scotland profile

1982 births
Living people
Rugby union centres
Glasgow Warriors players
People educated at Dollar Academy
Scotland international rugby union players
Hong Kong rugby union players
Scottish rugby union players
2011 Rugby World Cup players
Perry v Truefitt

Perry v Truefitt (1842) 6 Beav. 66 is a famous English case where the tort of passing off was first articulated. Leathart made a hair treatment product. He had shown the mixing process to Perry, a perfumer and hair-dresser, who decided to call the mixture "Medicated Mexican Balm". Perry marketed the mixture under the title "Perry's Medicated Mexican Balm".  Truefitt, one of Perry's competitors, made a product that was very similar to Perry's mixture, which he marketed under the name "Truefitt's Medicated Mexican Balm", using bottles and labels that looked like Perry's product. Perry filed a bill against Truefitt, arguing that the name "Medicated Mexican Balm" was valuable to his business and that he should have exclusive right to prevent others from using it. The Court denied Perry the right to the name. However, Lord Longdale held that misrepresentation can be grounds for an injunction, stating that "a man is not to sell his own goods under the pretence that they are the goods of another man".

See also
List of trademark case law

1842 in case law
1842 in British law
English tort case law
English law articles needing infoboxes
Estonian Ice Hockey Association

The Estonian Ice Hockey Association () is the national governing body of ice hockey in Estonia. Estonian membership in the International Ice Hockey Federation dated back to the 1930s, which had expired after the annexation of these countries by the Soviet Union in 1940 and 1945 respectively, was renewed after their sovereignty was re-established in the 1990s.

Professional teams 
HC Viking
HC Tallinn
Narva PSK
Noortekoondis

Amateur teams
Amateur teams in Estonia are part of the "Independent Ice Hockey League" (HHL).

See also
 Estonia men's national ice hockey team
 Estonia men's national junior ice hockey team
 List of ice hockey teams in Estonia

References

External links
 Official website

Ice hockey in Estonia
Ice hockey governing bodies in Europe
National members of the International Ice Hockey Federation
Ice hockey
1930s establishments in Estonia
Sports organizations established in the 1930s
Held up

Held up may refer to:

 Robbery
 Held Up, a 1999 film starring Jamie Foxx
 Held Up (soundtrack), a soundtrack album from the film
 Held up (cards), to keep back a high card instead of playing it

See also
 Hold up (disambiguation)
Minx

Minx, MinX or MINX may refer to:

Music
 MINX (band), dissolved South Korean girl group replaced by Dreamcatcher
 MINX (musician) (born 1983), Australian DJ and producer
 Minx (Leatherface album), 1993
 Minx (Toyah album), 1985

Print
 Minx (comics), a DC Comics imprint
 Minx (magazine), a UK magazine

Other uses
 MinX (television), the British TV channel from Chart Show Channels
 Minnie the Minx, a comic strip and character
 The Minx, a 2007 film
 Hillman Minx, a car
 Tiffany Mynx (born 1971)
 Minx (TV series), an American comedy streaming television series

See also 
 Mynx vascular closure device
 Slinkee Minx, an Australian dance act
 MINIX, a micro-kernel operating system
 Mink
Aeronautical Information Publication

In aviation, an Aeronautical Information Publication (or AIP) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization as a publication issued by or with the authority of a state and containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air navigation. It is designed to be a manual containing thorough details of regulations, procedures and other information pertinent to flying aircraft in the particular country to which it relates.  It is usually issued by or on behalf of the respective civil aviation administration.

Overview 

The structure and contents of AIPs are standardized by international agreement through ICAO.  AIPs normally have three parts – GEN (general), ENR (en route) and AD (aerodromes). The document contains many charts; most of these are in the AD section where details and charts of all public aerodromes are published.

AIPs are kept up-to-date by regular revision on a fixed cycle. For operationally significant changes in information, the cycle known as the AIRAC (Aeronautical Information Regulation And Control) cycle, first introduced in 1964, is used: revisions are produced every 56 days (double AIRAC cycle) or every 28 days (single AIRAC cycle).  These changes are received well in advance so that users of the aeronautical data can update their flight management systems (FMS).
For insignificant changes, the published calendar dates are used.

In some countries the AIP is informally known as the Airman's Manual or the Air Pilot.

Electronic AIP 

EUROCONTROL has published a specification for an electronic AIP (eAIP). The eAIP Specification aims to harmonise the structure and presentation of AIPs for digital media. In this respect, a digital AIP is a digital version of the paper AIP, usually available in PDF format, while an electronic AIP is available in PDF as well as other formats, more suitable for reading on the screen and for electronic data exchange. Many countries around the world provide digital AIPs either on CD-ROM subscription or on a Web site. The external links section below lists AIPs which aim to follow the EUROCONTROL eAIP Specification.

AIRAC effective dates (28-day cycle) 

The current AIRAC cycle is  (effective ).

Note: * = leap year containing 29 Feb (2016, 2020, 2024, 2028, etc.)

See also 
 Civil aviation authority
 Air navigation service provider
 List of CANSO members

References 
 
 
Eurocontrol AIRAC calendar until 2022

Notes

External links 
 Online AIPs by country (curated by Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University)

 Online AIPs by country  (curated by the ICAO)
 FAA International Flight Information Manager (IFIM)

EUROCONTROL:

 European AIPs at EAD Basic (free registration required)
 World-wide civilian and military AIPs at @is Online

Air traffic control
Air navigation
Government publications
Year of introduction missing
Aviation publications
Spalding v Gamage

AG Spalding and Bros v AW Gamage Ltd, (1915) 84 LJ Ch 449, (1915) 113 LT 198, (1915) 31 TLR 328, [1914-15] All ER Rep 147, (1915) 32 RPC 273, is a leading decision of the House of Lords on the tort of passing off. The Court established a three-part test for a successful claim of passing off. First, the claimant's product must have goodwill. Second, there must be a misrepresentation by the defendant's product, and third, there must be damages inflicted upon the claimant.

See also
 List of trademark case law

1915 in case law
House of Lords cases
1915 in British law
English law articles needing infoboxes
Madras States Agency

The Madras States Agency was a colonial agency for the indirect rule of princely states associated with British India. Founded in 1923, it consisted of these five princely states (by precedence) :
 Travancore, ruled by a Maharaja with a hereditary salute of 19-guns;
 Cochin, ruled by a Maharaja with a hereditary salute of 17-guns;
 Pudukkottai, ruled by a Raja with a hereditary salute of 11-guns;
 Banganapalle, ruled by a Nawab with a hereditary salute of 9-guns;
 Sandur, a non-salute state ruled by a Raja.

History 
Prior to 1923, the five states have been subject to the government of the Madras Presidency which was represented in each state by a resident usually the District Collector of a neighbouring Madras district. When in 1923, all the states were brought under the direct control of the Government of India, the individual residencies were abolished and replaced with a single unitary agency responsible to the Governor-General of India.

The agent was based in Trivandrum, the capital of Travancore. He supervised the foreign relations of the princely states and their relationship with the Central government in New Delhi.

The agency was abolished when India became independent in 1947. Between 1947 and 1950, the Madras states with the exception of Travancore and Cochin were merged with the neighbouring districts of Madras Province.

Chief officers

Agents

Residents 
On 1 April 1937, the Madras States Agency was converted into a residency and on 1 January 1939, the princely states of Banganapalle and Sandur were transferred to the Mysore Residency.

References 

Agencies of British India

1923 establishments in India
1920s establishments in British India
1948 disestablishments in India
Pirmasens-Land

Pirmasens-Land is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the southwestern edge of the Palatinate forest, around Pirmasens. The seat of the municipality is in Pirmasens, itself not part of the municipality.

The Verbandsgemeinde Pirmasens-Land consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

 Bottenbach 
 Eppenbrunn 
 Hilst
 Kröppen 
 Lemberg 
 Obersimten 
 Ruppertsweiler 
 Schweix 
 Trulben 
 Vinningen 

Verbandsgemeinde in Rhineland-Palatinate
Pavel Curtis

Pavel Curtis is an American software architect at Microsoft who is best known for having founded and managed LambdaMOO, an online community.

In the  mid- to late 1980s Curtis developed and taught parts of the computer science course at the Center for Talented Youth summer program.

Curtis was a member of the research staff at Xerox PARC from 1983 to 1996, where he worked in the areas of programming language design and implementation, programming environments, and online collaboration systems. He developed LambdaMOO from work initiated by Stephen White from 1990, during this period, enhancing the implementation of the MOO programming language.

Curtis left Xerox in 1997 to become a principal architect and co-founder of PlaceWare, a web-conferencing company that was acquired by Microsoft in 2003.

Outside work Curtis is now the sole proprietor of Pavel's Puzzles, a website selling mechanical puzzles, mostly designed by him. The website also features a column, "Adalogical Ænigmas", which features a large Nikoli-style logic puzzle every month.

References

External links

Pavel's Puzzles

Living people
MUD developers
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Seattle
Scientists at PARC (company)