alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
April Lawton

April Lawton (July 30, 1948 – November 23, 2006) was a guitarist and composer who rose to some prominence in the early to mid-1970s as a member of the band Ramatam, which also included at one time former Iron Butterfly guitarist Mike Pinera and the former Jimi Hendrix drummer Mitch Mitchell, as well as Russ Smith (bass, vocals), and Tommy Sullivan (keyboards, reeds, vocals). Her playing style was a mix of Jeff Beck, Hendrix, and Allan Holdsworth. Lawton gave no interviews, refused to discuss her past, and she was rumoured to be transgender—rumours confirmed by her friend, Fanny guitarist June Millington, in a 2010 interview for GuitarGearHeads. Singer Dee Snider claims Lawton was still male while in the band Johnny Maestro and the Brooklyn Bridge.

Mike Pinera, former bandmate, made a statement in Guitar Player magazine regarding Lawton's gender: "I can attest to her being a woman," declares Pinera. "When I asked her about the rumors, she took my hand and gave me a 'first base' account. I know they have technology for that now, but, back then, no way!" Gender reassignment surgery has been practised since the 1930s, and available in the United States from 1965. Social Security Administration Applications and Claims documents provided by Ancestry.com confirm that April Lawton was born Gregory R. Ferrara, male, on 30 July 1948 in Brooklyn, New York, and used this name for Social Security purposes through 1977. Subsequent Social Security records indicate a  name change to April Trewhala, from 15 Feb 1978 through mid-2002. From 31 July 2002 through her death on 06 Dec 2006, Social Security records indicate she used the name April Lawton.

Lawton stayed with Ramatam for two studio albums, their self-titled debut (1972, Atlantic) and In April Came the Dawning of the Red Suns. The group was not commercially successful, and Lawton left after the second album, forming a short-lived solo project called the April Lawton Band, which dissolved in the late 1970s. Lawton then left the music scene to concentrate on painting and graphic design. Her personal life remained very private until her death from heart failure at her home on November 23, 2006, aged 58.

During the 1990s she recorded demos for a future album, and the material remains unreleased. Some brief excerpts are available at the April Lawton tribute website.

References

External links
 http://www.aprillawton.com
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070302203732/http://www.reesho.com/htm/april.htm

1948 births
2006 deaths
American rock guitarists
People from Farmingdale, New York
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American women guitarists
Transgender artists
20th-century American LGBT people
21st-century American LGBT people
Dalreoch railway station

Dalreoch railway station serves the west end of Dumbarton in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. The station is managed and served by ScotRail and is served by trains on the North Clyde Line. The station is  northwest of Glasgow Queen Street (High Level), measured via Singer and Maryhill.

History

The Caledonian and  Junction Railway (C&DJR) was opened in 1850, and Dalreoch railway station opened on 15 July 1850. The station became a junction with the opening of the Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh Railway (GD&HR) on 28 May 1858. The tunnel at the west end of the station, on the route to Helensburgh, was doubled in 1896 at a cost of £400,000 - the last section of the line to be doubled.

The line was electrified in 1960. Services on the Lanarkshire & Dumbartonshire Railway route to  via  ended in October 1964 when it fell victim to the Beeching Axe.

Facilities
The station is equipped with a ticket office on platform 2, the latter adjacent to the car park and bike racks. Both platforms have benches, help points and shelters. The platforms are linked by a footbridge, so only platform 2 has step-free access.

Passenger volume 

The statistics cover twelve month periods that start in April.

Services
On weekdays & Saturdays, there is a typically half-hourly service westbound to Helensburgh Central and Balloch each, and half-hourly eastbound to either Edinburgh Waverley (via Glasgow Queen Street low-level, non-stop between Dalmuir and Hyndland) or Airdrie (calling at all stations via Singer). On Sundays, the service remains half-hourly, but two trains per hour serve all stations via , while the other two serve all stations via Yoker, the latter heading to either Larkhall via Hamilton Central, or Motherwell via Whifflet (i.e., hourly trains on both routes).

References

Bibliography

External links 

 Video footage of the station on YouTube

Railway stations in West Dunbartonshire
Former Dumbarton and Balloch Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1850
SPT railway stations
Dumbarton
Railway stations served by ScotRail
Safdar Tawakoli

Safdar Tawakoli (); (born 1942 in Yakawlang, Bamyan) is an ethnic Hazara musician from Afghanistan. He focuses on and plays mostly Hazara folkloric and regional traditional music based on the dambura. In 2020 the Afghan government awarded him the title of "Sultan Dambura" for his unique musical style.

Early life
Safdar Tawakoli was born in 1942, in Yakawlang, Bamyan, Afghanistan, to a family of moderate means. His interest in music was nurtured during his youth, but he had to overcome the conservative tradition and religious restrictions of his local culture. Despite these, he pursued his field of interest and became a devoted artist. He always admired and in some cases envied the popularity of national singers. He mastered the dambura, a regional long-necked stringed instrument popular among the Hazaras of central Afghanistan.

Career
In pursuit of a career in music, he left Bamyan to run a music store in Kabul that sold cassettes. It was his hard work and talent that led him to the studios of Radio Kabul and Afghanistan's National Television, where he did many shows and sung hundreds of songs. Safdar Tawakuli became a household name in some regions and the number of his listeners increased. He became an iconic singer and was awarded with several awards and honorary medals. He has represented Afghan music in numerous international shows.

He headed the musical group of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs of Afghanistan from 1986 to 1995, for eleven consecutive years.

Like everything else, Safdar Tawakoli's artistry fell victim to the civil war during which he lost his career, his home, his beloved son—but he never lost his fame.

Tawakoli remained in Afghanistan during the Taliban period as a representative of his culture. After the fall of the Taliban, his musical number "Agar az Bamiyan o Qandahari - Hamay mo Pag biraari" became a symbol of national unity and pride for Afghanistan when it was re-sung by the prominent Afghan singer Farhad Darya. He was one of the first singers to sing on Afghanistan's National Radio immediately after the fall of the Taliban.

In 2017, the first-ever dambura music festival was held in Bamyan to honor Tawakoli's 50 years as a performer. A statue of Tawakoli was unveiled.

References

External links
Safdar's fansite

1942 births
Living people
Hazara singers
Dombra players
Afghan male singers
Persian-language singers
People from Bamyan Province
20th-century Afghan male singers
The Sky Is a Landfill

"The Sky Is a Landfill" is the first track on the posthumous Sketches for My Sweetheart the Drunk album release by Jeff Buckley. It was written by Buckley together with bandmate Michael Tighe, whom he had worked with on "So Real".  Heavy, rocky and discordant, the track has a different tone from many of Buckley's songs from his debut album Grace. Two live recordings, from performances at the New York's The Knitting Factory and Arlene's Grocery in 1997, can be found online and feature different lyrics.

The song is based on journalist Al Giordano's essay "The Medium Is the Middleman", which Buckley, a friend of Giordano's, adapted: "He applied my critique of the media industry to the music industry, and we had the exact same conclusions," says Giordano. "The concept of the song was that the media turned the airwaves into a garbage dump."

Performance artist Penny Arcade, a friend of Buckley's, had called the song his "magnum opus". The A.V. Club says that the song "seethes with his inimitable flair for epic drama." Pitchfork Media says "it's clear that Buckley was beginning to explore a more discordant and subversive approach", and Rolling Stone notes the "explosive garage-rock theater" in the album generally, referencing the "barking vocal rage and twisted-metal guitars" of the song.

References

External links 
 
 The Medium is the Middleman, Al Giordano

Jeff Buckley songs
1998 songs
Songs written by Jeff Buckley
Songs written by Michael Tighe
Grindstone Island (Ontario)

Grindstone Island is an  island in Big Rideau Lake, Ontario, Canada.

History
The island was used by  Charles Kingsmill, the first Admiral of the Royal Canadian Navy, as his summer residence. The main lodge was built in the early 20th century around an earlier 19th century structure. During the 1960s and 1970s, after ownership of the site had passed to Kingsmill's daughter Diana Kingsmill Wright, the island was used in a Quaker programme for training in nonviolence, and also as a co-operative conference centre. In August 1965, the island was the scene for a role-playing exercise — later referred to as "the Grindstone Experiment" — in nonviolent social defence.

During the 1980s it hosted a summer camp for children.  It is now used by Archives & Museum Informatics for seminars and meetings dealing with issues concerning culture and information technology.

The summer camp in the 1980s was, and still is, an important part of the lives of many who attended.  It was an accepting and diverse collection of kids mostly from Ontario in the Toronto to Ottawa corridor.  Children played games such as the popcorn game and the survival game which taught them about the distribution of wealth and power in society and the natural world.

External links 

 Grindstone Island website

References 

Lake islands of Ontario
Pilidiostigma

Pilidiostigma is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. All species occur in Australia and one, P. papuanum, also occurs in Papua New Guinea. They are not generally known to horticulture.  The species P. sessile is rare.

Species include:

Pilidiostigma glabrum Burret - plum myrtle 
Pilidiostigma papuanum (Lauterb.) A.J.Scott
Pilidiostigma rhytispermum (F.Muell.) Burret 
Pilidiostigma sessile N.Snow 
Pilidiostigma tetramerum L.S.Sm. 
Pilidiostigma tropicum L.S.Sm. - apricot myrtle

References

Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae genera
Myrtales of Australia
Flora of Papua New Guinea
Taxa named by Max Burret
Dumbarton East railway station

Dumbarton East railway station serves the town of Dumbarton in the West Dunbartonshire region of Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is served by trains on the North Clyde Line,  west of .

History 
Unlike the majority of the North Clyde line stations, this is an island platform, betraying its Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire Railway origins. At the time of electrification by British Railways in 1961, the North British Railway's formation from Bowling was abandoned (except a short spur to serve Bowling Oil Terminal), with a short link line between the North British and Caledonian formations being constructed. The North British formation is regained between Dumbarton East and  station at the site of the junction between the two railways.

Services

2008 
Four trains per hour daily go eastbound to Glasgow Queen Street and beyond and a half-hourly service westbound to both  and  respectively.

2016 
There are now six departures per hour from here in each direction (Mon-Sat).  Westbound trains still run to Balloch and Helensburgh Central, but 2tph terminate at Dumbarton Central.  Eastbound trains run to  via Clydebank,  via  and Edinburgh Waverley (express via Clydebank).  The Sunday service remains the same as in 2008, with 2tph to Edinburgh and 2tph to Glasgow Central and then onward alternately to  and  via  eastbound and 2tph each to Balloch and Helensburgh westbound.

References

Notes

Sources 
 

 
 
 
 RAILSCOT on the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire Railway

External links
Video footage of Dumbarton East Railway Station

Dumbarton
Railway stations in West Dunbartonshire
Former Caledonian Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1896
Railway stations served by ScotRail
SPT railway stations
Homoranthus

Homoranthus is a genus of about thirty species of plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and all are endemic to Australia. Plants in this genus share similarities with those in both Darwinia and Verticordia. They are shrubs with their leaves arranged in opposite pairs and with flowers appearing either singly or in small groups, usually in upper leaf axils. They are found in Queensland, New South Wales and South Australia. The genus was first described in 1836. None of the species is common nor are they well-known in horticulture.

Description
Plants in the genus Homoranthus are shrubs with their leaves arranged in opposite pairs, at right angles to the ones above and below (decussate) so that the leaves are in four rows along the stems. They are linear to cylindrical in shape, sometimes thicker than wide. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups of up to four in the upper leaf axils. There are five sepals and five petals which are enclosed in two bracteoles before the flower opens, and which surround the base of the style. There are ten stamens alternating with ten staminodes. The style extends beyond the petals and has a ring of hairs below its tip. The fruit is a capsule containing one or two seeds.

The Australian botanist Norman Byrnes has noted that Homoranthus "is not a clearly defined natural group but is more a genus of convenience between Darwinia and Verticordia. In 1869, George Bentham wrote "Its retention [as a separate genus] may, however, be justified as facilitating the distinction between Darwinia and Verticordia".

Taxonomy and naming
The genus Homoranthus was first formally described in 1836 by Johannes Conrad Schauer after an unpublished description by Allan Cunningham. Schauer's description was published in Linnaea: ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange, oder Beiträge zur Pflanzenkunde. The genus name (Homoranthus) is derived from the Ancient Greek words homos meaning "same", "uniform", "like" or "similar" and anthos meaning "flower".

Species
The following is a list of species accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at January 2020:

References

Further reading

 
Myrtaceae genera
Myrtales of Australia
Taxa named by Allan Cunningham (botanist)
Plants described in 1836
Endemic flora of Australia
Labtec

Labtec Enterprises Inc. was an American manufacturer of computer accessories active as an independent company from 1980 to 2001. They were best known for their budget range of peripherals such as keyboards, mice, microphones, speakers and webcams. In the United States, the company had cornered the market for computer speakers and headphones for much of the 1990s before being acquired by Logitech in 2001.

History 

Labtec Enterprises Inc. was founded in 1980 by Charles Dunn and based in Vancouver, Washington, for most of its independent existence. The company was initially focused on providing audio gear (primarily headsets) for the airline industry before branching out to providing peripherals for personal computers in 1990. By the mid-1990s Labtec catered to three segments: the personal computer buyer, providing speakers and microphones; the airline industry, providing headphones and headsets; and the professional audiovisual and telephonics industry, providing audio cables, switches, and junction boxes. The company employed 20 people domestically at the company's combined headquarters and warehouse in Vancouver, Washington, in 1993. The bulk of the company's products meanwhile were manufactured overseas in Hong Kong and Taiwan. In 1993, the company was selling about 150,000 speakers to consumers a month.

In 1998, Labtec merged with Spacetec IMC Corporation, becoming a new publicly traded corporation in the process. The combined company changed its name to Labtec Inc. in February 1999. Spacetec IMC had manufactured 6DOF controllers for use with CAD software. A Spaceball 2003 controller was used to control the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft in 2000.

In 2001, Logitech bought Labtec for approximately USD$125 million in cash, stock and debt in order to expand its line of audio products for personal computers and other devices.

References

External links 
 

Telecommunications companies of the United States
Telecommunications equipment vendors
Videotelephony
Companies based in Vancouver, Washington
Telecommunications companies established in 1981
Technology companies disestablished in 2001
Logitech
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Bowling railway station

Bowling railway station serves the village of Bowling in the West Dunbartonshire region of Scotland. This station is on the North Clyde Line, 12¼ miles (20 km) west of Glasgow Queen Street.

The station is managed by ScotRail who also provide the train service.  It was opened in 1858 by the Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh Railway, though Bowling had received its first railway several years earlier courtesy of the  Caledonian and Dumbartonshire Junction Railway (whose Bowling Pier terminal linked into the steamer service along the  River Clyde).

The station was made famous by a 1960 painting by the renowned railway artist, the late Terence Cuneo, who depicted a then new Blue train (Class 303) heading westbound into Bowling, passing a steam engine, which the 303 had replaced, in a siding. The painting was used as a poster 'Glasgow Electric'.

Accidents and incidents
On 8 September 1933, a passenger train collided with wagons on the line due to a signalman's error. Five people were injured.

In October 2023, severe flooding took place around the River Clyde following a severe weather warning from the Met Office. The Glasgow Times described the station as being "underwater" while The Herald called the station "inundated with muddy water...[the] flood rising almost to the platform’s edge".

Services

2006/07
There is a daily half-hourly service eastbound to Glasgow Queen Street and beyond (usually ) and westbound to .

2010/11
There is a daily half-hourly service eastbound to Glasgow Queen Street and Airdrie (including one direct service to  in the morning) and westbound to .

During the operation of the interim timetable until sufficient Class 380s had entered service, the eastbound service terminated at Airdrie.

2016
The service remains half hourly in the May 2016 timetable but on weekdays and Saturdays, westbound trains now end at  and eastbound trains run to  via .  Sunday services run half-hourly to Balloch and to Glasgow Central Low Level (and thence alternately to Motherwell via Whifflet and to Larkhall).

References

Notes

Sources

External links
Video footage of Bowling Railway Station

Railway stations in West Dunbartonshire
SPT railway stations
Railway stations served by ScotRail
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1858
Former North British Railway stations
Royal albatross

Royal albatross may refer to:

Birds
 Northern royal albatross, Diomedea sanfordi
 Southern royal albatross, Diomedea epomophora

Ships
 Royal Albatross (ship), a luxury tall ship located at Sentosa, Singapore
Litton, North Yorkshire

Litton is a village and civil parish in Littondale in the Yorkshire Dales in England.  It lies in the Craven District of North Yorkshire,  up Littondale from Arncliffe. From Litton a footpath leads  over the fells to the north east to Buckden in Wharfedale.  The population of the civil parish was estimated at 70 in 2015.

The centre of the village is an old public house, the Queens Arms, that dates back to the 17th century. Associated with the Queens Arms since 2003 is the Lamb Brewing Company (previously the Litton Brewery) that brews Litton Ale.

Litton was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 (as Litone).  The name probably comes from the Old English hlið "hillside" and tūn "farmstead".

Litton was historically a township in the ancient parish of Arncliffe, part of Staincliffe Wapentake in the West Riding of Yorkshire.  Litton became a separate civil parish in 1866.  The parish was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire in 1974.

References

External links

Yorkshire Images site for Litton
Queens Arms site

Villages in North Yorkshire
Civil parishes in North Yorkshire
Kilpatrick railway station

Kilpatrick railway station serves the village of Old Kilpatrick in the West Dunbartonshire region of Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the North Clyde Line, 11 miles (18 km) west of Glasgow and the Argyle Line on Sundays.

Part of the station sits under the northern end of the Erskine Bridge with Lusset Park overlooking the station from above. Access to Station Road is from the south side on the westbound platform. The Lusset Glen is also accessible from the westbound platform.

Facilities 
The station is a split, two-platform station with ramp access and a small ticket office. There is no auto-announcement system at present. In September 1989, an armed robbery took place and the two men held up the member of staff with double barreled shotguns. After this crime, the station has been unmanned until the present day. A woman was also killed in an apparent suicide attempt; she was struck by a train in October 2011 at the station.

Services

2006/07
From Kilpatrick, there is a half-hourly service to Glasgow Queen Street usually to . After 18:00, the trains run to . On Sundays the service uses the Argyle Line to  on Sundays.

Westbound there is a half-hourly daily service to .

2016
The service remains half hourly in the May 2016 timetable but on weekdays and Saturdays, westbound trains now end at  and eastbound trains run to  via .  Sunday services run half-hourly to Balloch and to Glasgow Central Low Level (and thence alternately to Motherwell via  and to ).

References

Sources

External links

Video footage of Kilpatrick Station

Railway stations in West Dunbartonshire
Former North British Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1858
SPT railway stations
Railway stations served by ScotRail
Takahiro Yodogawa

is a former Japanese football player. From 2004 to 2008, he was the president of Japanese football club JEF United Ichihara Chiba.

References

1951 births
Living people
Japanese men's footballers
Japanese football chairmen and investors
Japan Soccer League players
Men's association football goalkeepers
XDB Enterprise Server

XDB Enterprise Server is a relational database management system (DBMS), which was available for DOS, Windows NT and OS/2, and was  compatible with IBM's DB2 database. DOS version was released in 1988 as one of the earliest DOS-based SQL database servers. The system was developed by XDB Systems, Inc., which was acquired by Micro Focus International group in 1998. It is still shipped with Micro Focus' COBOL software.

See also
 Comparison of relational database management systems

References

Proprietary database management systems
Micro Focus International
David Fanning (footballer)

David Fanning (THE GOAT) (born 20 July 1984) is an Australian rules footballer and former basketball player. He is currently with the Newtown eagles and teaches at Belmont High School 

Former NBL basketballer with the Cairns Taipans, Fanning was placed onto the Collingwood rookie list in 2004 as a project player. At 204 cm in height, he was a fast moving ruckman who spent most of the season on the sidelines, needing a knee reconstruction, but was retained on the rookie list for 2005, and with injuries to Guy Richards he was immediately promoted and played Round 1. He was omitted the next week but returned later on in the season and showed improvement each match he played kicking 12 goals in round 4. Among many highlights David had in the season of 2005, the one that stands out was when he accidentally kicked the ball backwards whilst attempting a forward kick and miraculously hitting the target. David progressed as if he had purposely kicked this ball in a backwards direction. He adapted to the game, ending up playing 13 games in his debut season and was then elevated to the senior list for 2006.

In 2006 he improved his ability skill wise, however he couldn't perform at the top level when required, playing only one senior game for the year. He was delisted at the end of the season with other talls.

After leaving the football club he became a teacher and worked at Coburg High for several years before moving on to Belmont High.

References

External links
David Fanning at the Collingwood Football Club website

1984 births
Cairns Taipans players
Collingwood Football Club players
Port Melbourne Football Club players
Living people
Australian men's basketball players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Anthony Mithen

Anthony Mithen is a Melbourne-based sports commentator, radio presenter, racehorse owner and breeder. 

He began his sports journalism career as a cadet at the Geelong Advertiser in 1990, before moving onto The Age newspaper in 1994. In 1997, he joined Network Ten's news/sports department as a sports reporter and he moved onto National Nine News in 1999 where he gained an excellent reputation as a sports news reporter and presenter with his specialist sports being AFL football along with horse racing.

During his career, he has won several media awards for his work on cricket from the Victorian Cricket Association and horse racing from the Victorian Amateur Turf Club.

He hosted the Prime Time Sports program from 5.30–9am weekdays on Sport 927 with former AFL footballer Michael Christian and also called AFL football for Geelong radio station K-Rock (3GL).

He was on the board of AFL club Richmond, between 2004 and 2009.

In 2003 he stopped working for Channel 9 to concentrate on running the Rosemont Stud horse racing and breeding operations, including a part ownership of 2009 Melbourne Cup entrant Changingoftheguard.

References

Australian television personalities
Australian rules football commentators
Australian racehorse owners and breeders
Radio personalities from Melbourne
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Leukocoria

Leukocoria (also white pupillary reflex) is an abnormal white reflection from the retina of the eye. Leukocoria resembles eyeshine, but leukocoria can also occur in animals that lack eyeshine because their retina lacks a tapetum lucidum.

Leukocoria is a medical sign for a number of conditions, including Coats disease, congenital cataract, corneal scarring, melanoma of the ciliary body, Norrie disease, ocular toxocariasis, persistence of the tunica vasculosa lentis (PFV/PHPV), retinoblastoma, and retrolental fibroplasia.

Because of the potentially life-threatening nature of retinoblastoma, a cancer, that condition is usually considered in the evaluation of leukocoria. In some rare cases (1%) the leukocoria is caused by Coats' disease (leaking retinal vessels).

Diagnosis
On photographs taken using a flash, instead of the familiar red-eye effect, leukocoria can cause a bright white reflection in an affected eye. Leukocoria may appear also in low indirect light, similar to eyeshine. 

Leukocoria can be detected by a routine eye exam (see Ophthalmoscopy). For screening purposes, the red reflex test is used. In this test, when a light is shone briefly through the pupil, an orange red reflection is normal. A white reflection is leukocoria.

Society
 The fictional serial killer known as "The Collector", the main antagonist of the films The Collector (2009) and The Collection (2012), had the condition in both eyes. (confirmed by first movie actor Juan Fernández de Alarcon)

References

External links 

Eye diseases
Medical signs
Ceratomia hageni

Ceratomia hageni, the Osage orange sphinx or Hagen's sphinx, is a hawk moth (family Sphingidae). The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1874.

Distribution 
Ceratomia hageni is a native of midwest North America and can be found from Michigan to Georgia, Nebraska to Texas, and most places in between, with regards to its only known host plant.

Biology 
From oviposition of the eggs to pupation, approximately four weeks will pass. Where multiple broods occur, pupae will eclose in two weeks, or when conditions are suitable in cool climates. An adult C. hageni has many colors, viewable when looked over thoroughly. The forewing is grayish-green and has many, wavy lines, similar to other specimens of the Ceratomia genera. The hindwing is a browner gray with a lighter gray towards the outer margins

Food plants
C. hageni is known to feed on only one food;
Maclura pomifera (Osage orange)

Description

Egg
The eggs are translucent, milky white and green, oval and about 0.5 mm in diameter. They are laid in masses on the undersurface of leaves, while smaller masses are deposited onto branches on the Osage orange tree. Eggs incubate and hatch five to seven days after oviposition.

Larva

Pupa
As with most other Sphingidae, Ceratomia hageni will burrow into the ground after its fifth and final instar in order to pupate. The larvae will go into a "wandering" stage where it leaves the Osage orange tree and climbs to the ground to find a place to bury itself so that it may pupate. The larvae will then shed its fifth instar skin to reveal its pupal skin, which will be soft and almost translucent at first, but will then harden to a light brown for protection from the elements.

Imago

References

External links
Hagen's sphinx Moths of North America Guide
Ceratomia hageni, Sphingidae of the Americas

Ceratomia
Moths described in 1875
Ceratomia igualana

Ceratomia igualana is a moth of the  family Sphingidae. It is found from Mexico to Costa Rica. Only a small number has been caught and not much is known about the biology of this species.

The wingspan is 51–56 mm for males and about 65 mm for females.

References

Sources
 James P. Tuttle: The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada, The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, DC 2007, .

Ceratomia
Moths described in 1932
Ceratomia undulosa

Ceratomia undulosa, the waved sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Francis Walker in 1856.  Also known as the "Scorpion Moth" (See "Biology" Below").

Distribution 
It is found in the United States, and southern Canada, east of the Rocky Mountains. Adult moths are strictly nocturnal, hiding away as dawn approaches (Fullard & Napoleone 2001).

Description

Biology 
Recorded food plants of the larvae include ash (Fraxinus), privet (Ligustrum), oak (Quercus), hawthorn (Crataegus) and fringe tree (Chionanthus virginicus).

When ready, larvae dig underground to pupate.

The most common predator is the Guiana Striped Scorpion, which feasts on the moth's egg clusters.  The common proximity of the two species, sometimes showing up as the moth lays her eggs, has resulted in erroneous conclusions that the moths give birth to the scorpions, and the resultant name "Scorpion Moth."

Subspecies
Ceratomia undulosa undulosa (from Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia west to eastern Alberta and Maine to Florida west to the eastern Great Plains and south to Florida, the Gulf Coast and Texas)
Ceratomia undulosa polingi Clark, 1929 (Mexico)

References

External links
"Waved sphinx (Ceratomia undulosa)". Moths of North America. U.S. Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Archived December 7, 2005.

Ceratomia
Moths described in 1856
Moths of North America
Pomchonghakryon

The National Alliance of Youth and Students for National Reunification (), or the Pomchonghakryon (), is a North Korea-based organization that promotes Korean reunification. It was founded on 15 August 1992, the 47th anniversary of the end of Japanese occupation on the Korean peninsula.

It considers the South Korea-based Hanchongryun (South Korean Federation of University Student Councils), which was a well-known target of the National Security Act in South Korea, as its southern headquarters. It also has an overseas branch based in Japan. It holds meetings roughly once a year, with the stated goal of ending the foreign domination and intervention in Korea and moving towards peaceful reunification of Korea.

See also
Korean unification

References 
 KCNA News, 14 December 1997, accessed 3 March 2006
 KCNA News, 17 August 1998, accessed 3 March 2006

External links 
 Pomchonghakryon (South branch) web site (in Korean)

Politics of South Korea
Politics of North Korea
Youth organizations based in North Korea
1992 establishments in North Korea
Student organizations established in 1992
We've Had Enough

"We've Had Enough" is a song by the Chicago-based punk rock band Alkaline Trio, released as the first single from their 2003 album Good Mourning. "We've Had Enough" was released to radio on May 20, 2003. It was the band's first single to chart in the United States, reaching #38 on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks chart. It also charted in the United Kingdom, reaching #50 on the UK Singles Chart. "We've Had Enough" features backing vocals by Keith Morris, singer of the Circle Jerks and original singer of Black Flag.

The song's music video, directed by Tomorrow's Brightest Minds, depicts the band members as ghosts haunting a family in a house. As the husband unsuccessfully attempts to turn off the radio and television which are broadcasting the song, the wife discovers marked photographs of the band members in life, taken by an unseen person. After the husband witnesses the ghostly figure of a man dragging wrapped bodies through the living room, the two run to check on their son only to find him missing from his bedroom. Directed by the ghosts of the band members, the son leads his parents into the basement where he uses a pickaxe to excavate the skeletons of the murdered members from beneath the concrete floor.

Track listing

The data portion of the enhanced CD consists of the music video for "We've Had Enough".

Personnel

Band
Matt Skiba – guitar, lead vocals
Dan Andriano – bass, backing vocals
Derek Grant – drums

Additional musicians
Keith Morris and Jerry Finn – backing vocals

Production
Joe McGrath – recording engineer, producer
Jerry Finn – co-producer, mix engineer
Christopher Holmes, Jason Gossman, and Robert Reed – assistant engineers
Brian Gardner – mastering

Artwork
Keath Moon – artwork, layout, and design

Charts

References 

Alkaline Trio songs
2003 songs
Songs written by Matt Skiba
Songs written by Dan Andriano
Songs written by Derek Grant (drummer)
Vagrant Records singles
2003 singles
Poulton-le-Sands

Poulton-le-Sands is one of three small villages that combined to create Morecambe, Lancashire, England, the other two being Torrisholme and Bare. A local board of health was established in 1852, which, taking its name from Morecambe Bay, became the borough of Morecambe in 1902.

Poulton is known locally for its many murals which depict the origin of Poulton as a fishing village. Artist Patricia Haskey-Knowles completed several of these in the Morecambe Bay area.

Poulton was first mentioned in the Domesday Book as Poltune. It later became Poulton and remained this way for a number of centuries. The name 'Poulton' is likely a combination of Old English pull or pōl, meaning 'pool' and tūn meaning 'farmstead'.  It was towards the end of the eighteenth or the beginning of the nineteenth century that the Le-Sands was added.  This was to distinguish it from another Poulton located near Blackpool which is now Poulton-le-Fylde.

References

Villages in Lancashire
Geography of the City of Lancaster
Populated coastal places in Lancashire
Morecambe
Morecambe Bay
Tarkyn Lockyer

Tarkyn Lockyer (born 30 October 1979) is a former professional Australian rules football player who played for the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Upon his retirement at the end of the 2010 season, he served as the head coach of the Collingwood VFL Football Club. He then served as the midfield development coach at Collingwood. As of 2021, he served as the AFL national talent head coach as well as being a member of the 2021 Women's Under-19 All-Australian team selection committee.

Early life 
Born in Albany, Western Australia, Lockyer attended Albany Senior High School and played for local club North Albany Football Club as a teenager before leaving to go to Perth to further his football career.
Lockyer played senior football with East Fremantle in the WAFL and was picked up by Collingwood as a third-round pick (Pick #39) of the 1997 AFL Rookie draft.

AFL playing career 
Collingwood rookie listed Lockyer in 1998 and he made his debut in a Magpies win against Fremantle early in 1999.

In 2000, Lockyer was the runner-up in the Copeland Trophy to Nathan Buckley. He averaged 17 disposals in 21 games. He played even better in 2001, missing two games, but having over 370 disposals at over 18 disposals per game, and also kicked 19 goals for the year off the half-back line. In 2002 he was appointed vice-captain. He played all 25 games for the season, including the Grand Final and had just under 450 disposals for the year.

The Magpies made the Grand Final again in 2003, but Lockyer missed most of the season, when he suffered an Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury in Round 3 and had to be stretchered off the ground. The injury required knee reconstruction surgery which ended his season. In the 2005 season he had 430 disposals in 22 matches, playing in every game.

He played every game in 2006.

2007
Lockyer began 2007 with a goal against the North Melbourne Kangaroos. Two weeks later, he had 32 possessions in a game against the Richmond Tigers.

The opposition coach, Chris Connolly, claimed Lockyer would be the first player selected if State of Origin football was to be played this year.

2009 
Lockyer played his 200th AFL game in his home state against the West Coast Eagles at Subiaco Oval during Round 9 of the 2009 season.
Collingwood won the game by 22 points, with Lockyer having 25 possessions and kicking 2 goals.

2010 
In and out of the side for the 2010 season, including being named as an emergency for both the Grand Final and replay, he played 11 games before retiring at the end of the season. He was named as the Coach of the VFL Side for the 2011 season.

References

External links

Tarkyn Lockyer at the Collingwood Football Club website

1979 births
Collingwood Football Club players
Living people
East Fremantle Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Western Australia
People from Albany, Western Australia
P2000

P2000 may stand for:
 P-2000 (album), a 2000 EP by black metal band Enthroned
 P2000 (network), a nationwide pager-network used by emergency services in the Netherlands
 Heckler & Koch P2000, a semi-automatic pistol manufactured by Heckler & Koch
 Philips P2000, a home computer that used to be made by Philips
 Archer-class patrol vessel, a class of Royal Navy patrol boat also known as the P2000 class
 Partnership 2000, a program connecting some 550 Jewish communities in the Diaspora with 45 Israel Partnership areas
 2000 United States presidential election
 Preservation 2000, a land conservation program in Florida that preceded Florida Forever
 Siemens P2000, a light rail vehicle for the Los Angeles Metro Rail
Dawood Sarkhosh

Dawood Sarkhosh (also spelled as Daud Sarkhosh) (Dari-Persian: ) is an ethnic Hazara singer, musician and poet.

Early life 
Dawood Sarkhosh was born on 26 April 1971 in Urozgan (now Daykundi), Afghanistan. Sarkhosh's inspiration was his older brother Sarwar Sarkhosh, a nationalist and legendary musician of his times who was killed during the civil war. Sarkhosh learned playing dambura and singing from him at the age of seventeen. After the death of his brother Sarkhosh migrated to Pakistan first to Peshawar city then moved to Quetta, Pakistan.

Career 
Sarkhosh revived his skills by singing and composing songs inspired by a sense of nationalism and suffering in exile. He did not sing for commercial gain, but out of nostalgia and to convey the feelings about refugee life as experienced by refugees of Afghanistan dispersed throughout the world. They went to his concerts in their thousands, marking Sarkhosh's rise as a singer. It was in Quetta that he mastered the harmonium under the Pakistani composer Arbab Ali Khan.

Personal life 
Dawood Sarkhosh is married to Kubra Nekzad and has three children: Saboor, Zulfiqar and Yasir. They now live in Vienna, Austria.

Discography 
 1998: Sarzamin-e-Man (My Homeland, ).
 2000: Parijo (Fairy, ).
 2004: Sapid-o-Siah (Black and White, ).
 2005: Khana-e-Gilli (Mud House, ).
 2007: Oslo Concert
 2008: Maryam (Maryam a girl's name, ).
 2010: Bazi (Game/play, ).
 2016: Jang-o-jonoon (War and madness, war and insanity, ) released by Sarkhosh Music inc Canada.
 2016: concert in the capital cities of Australia.
 December 2017 concert in the capital cities of Canada
 2019: concert in Finland, Austria, Sweden.
 2019: Man o To, (Me and You, ).
 2019: concert in the capital cities of Australia and New Zealand.

See also 
 Sarwar Sarkhosh
 List of Hazara people

References

External links 

 Dawood Sarkhosh's official website
 

1971 births
Living people
Hazara singers
Dombra players
People from Quetta
Afghan male singers
Persian-language singers
People from Daykundi Province
20th-century Afghan male singers
Austrian people of Hazara descent
Afghan expatriate musicians in Pakistan
Orang

Orang is a Malay and Indonesian word meaning "people" or "man". It may refer to:

Places
 Orang County, in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea
 Orang National Park, in Assam, India
 Orang, Nepal, a village development committee

Other uses
 .O.rang, a British band
 Orang station, a railway station in North Korea

See also
 Orangutan, three species of great apes
Transport Safety Investigation Bureau

The Transport Safety Investigation Bureau (TSIB) is statutory board under the Ministry of Transport of the Government of Singapore and is an independent investigation authority, responsible for the investigation of air, marine and land transport accidents and incidents in Singapore. The head office is in Passenger Terminal 2, Changi Airport, Changi, Singapore. It was formed on 1 August 2016 as a restructuring of the Air Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) of Singapore.

History
The AAIB was set up in 2002 after the SilkAir Flight 185 and Singapore Airlines Flight 006 crashes. The bureau set up a facility in 2007 to analyze data from flight data recorders (informally known as "black boxes") installed on commercial aircraft.

On 1 August 2016, the AAIB was restructured and subsumed into an entity within TSIB.

Responsibilities
The TSIB consists of the following entities:

 Air Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB)
 Marine Safety Investigation Branch (MSIB)

The AAIB is responsible for the investigation of air accidents and serious incidents in Singapore involving both local and foreign commercial aircraft. The AAIB also participates in overseas investigations of accidents and serious incidents involving Singapore aircraft or aircraft operated by a Singapore air operator. The AAIB conducts investigations in accordance to the Singapore Air Navigation (Investigation of Accidents and Incidents Order 2003) and Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation which governs the member states of the International Civil Aviation Organization that conducts these investigations.

The MSIB is responsible for the investigation of very serious marine casualties within Singapore territorial waters, as well as accidents involving Singapore-registered ships. The MSIB carries out investigations in accordance with the Code of International Standards and Recommended Practices for a Safety Investigation into a Marine Casualty or Incident of the International Maritime Organization. It took over the role of conducting independent safety investigations from the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore.

For an investigated accident or incident, the TSIB will produce an investigation report. The investigative process involves the collection and analysis of data, from which causes and contributing factors are determined. Whenever safety issues are identified, the TSIB may make safety recommendations.

References

External links

Aviation in Singapore
2002 establishments in Singapore
Government agencies established in 2002
Singapore
Transport organisations based in Singapore
Xdrive

The term Xdrive may refer to:

 BMW xDrive, an all-wheel-drive system that powers the BMW X1, X3, X5 and the X6, also available in certain 2 series, 3 Series, 4 series, 5 Series, 6 series, 7 series and MINI models.
 Xdrive, was a service offered by AOL that allowed users to back up their files over the Internet.
Rough Day

"Rough Day" is a song by Australian recording artist Paulini, taken from her second studio album, Superwoman (2006). It was written by Bridget Benenate, Matthew Gerrard and Franne Golde, while the production was handled by Audius Mtawarira. "Rough Day" was released physically on 22 January 2006, as the lead single from the album. The song peaked at number 26 on the ARIA Singles Chart and number three on the ARIA Dance Chart. The retro style-themed music video was directed by Jonathan and Josh Baker.

Background and reception
"Rough Day" was written by Bridget Benenate, Matthew Gerrard and Franne Golde, while the production was handled by Audius Mtawarira. The song was recorded in Los Angeles, California. It was sent to Australian radio stations on 5 December 2005, and released as a CD single on 22 January 2006. A writer for Destra Media described "Rough Day" as "a carefree and contagious party starter" that showcases "the sheer class of Paulini's vocal performance". The song debuted and peaked on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 26 on 23 January 2006. "Rough Day" had a better impact on the ARIA Dance Chart, where it peaked at number three.

Music video
The accompanying music video for "Rough Day" was directed by twin brothers Jonathan and Josh Baker. The video features Paulini in the kitchen as she gets ready for work, in a hairdressing salon with her friends, at a bus stop and then on the dancefloor wearing a leopard print dress. A writer for Destra Media described the video as "an absolutely stellar and very groovy retro styled".

Track listing
CD single
 "Rough Day" – 3:29
 "Rough Day (Disco D Remix)" – 3:56
 "Rough Day" (Blue Planet Reality club Mix) – 6:27
 "Last Love" – 3:04

Charts

References

2006 singles
Paulini songs
Rhythm and blues songs
Songs written by Bridget Benenate
Songs written by Matthew Gerrard
Songs written by Franne Golde
2006 songs
Sony Music Australia singles
Song recordings produced by Audius Mtawarira
Tetra-amido macrocyclic ligand

Tetra-amido macrocyclic ligands (TAMLs) constitute a class of macrocyclic ligands. When complexed to metals, TAMLs are proposed as environmentally friendly catalysts. Although never commercialized, iron-TAML complexes catalyze the degradation of pesticides, effluent streams from paper mills, dibenzothiophenes from diesel fuels, and anthrax spores.

References

Macrocycles
Lani (heaven)

Lani in the Hawaiian language means "heaven", and in some cases, "sky." The word is derived from Proto-Polynesian *raŋi.

Lani is a relatively common name in the Hawaiian language. Last Queen of Hawaii, Liliuokalani, had a name including the term lani.

External links
Wiktionary entry for "Lani": Lani

Hawaiian words and phrases
Native Hawaiian
Mark 23

Mark 23 or Mk.XXIII or variation, may refer to:

U.S. Navy
The U.S. Navy designation Mark 23 may refer to:

 Heckler & Koch Mark 23, a .45 ACP-caliber handgun
 Mark 23 machine gun, a configuration of the Stoner 63 weapons system used by US Navy SEALs.
 Mark 23 Pistol and Suppressor Kit, a Vietnam War-era kit issued to US Navy SEALs, containing a Mark 22 pistol and a Mark 3 noise suppressor.
 Mark 23 torpedo, a submarine-launched anti-ship torpedo used in World War II

UK Royal Navy
 Mark 23 Grog, a British wire-guided 21-inch torpedo
 BL 6-inch Mk XXIII naval gun, a British WWII naval artillery gun
 QF 4-inch naval gun Mk XXIII, a British Cold-War submarine deck gun

Other uses
 Bolo Mk XXIII, a fictional super-tank

See also
 Mark 23 Mod 0