alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Eberhard Isbrand Ides

Eberhard Isbrand Ides or Evert Ysbrants (Ysbrandszoon) Ides (1657–1708) was a Danish merchant, traveller and diplomat.

Biography
Eberhard Isbrand Ides was from Holstein-Glückstadt. 
By 1687, he settled in the German Quarter  (Nemetskaya sloboda) of Moscow.
In 1692 he travelled  as a Russian envoy to the Kangxi Emperor of China.
While there he was to negotiate trade relations between China and Russia. 
He returned to Russia in 1694 and in 1698 he founded an arms and powder factory in the village of Glinkow. 
In 1700 he became a commissioner of the Admiralty in Arkhangelsk  and in 1704  administrator of export tariffs for Arkhangelsk. 

Ides was one of the first early Europeans to describe the Gobi Desert. In 1698, Dreijahrige Reise Nach China, a German language description of the trip was first published with descriptions of Siberia and Northern China. His account appeared in French translation, along with a work by Dutch author Cornelis de Bruijn (1652-1727) in Voyage de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Persia, et aux Indes Orientales (6 parts in 2 volumes), published in Amsterdam in 1718.

References

External links
Works about Evert Ysbrants Ides WorldCat
 

1657 births
1708 deaths
People from Schleswig-Holstein
Danish merchants
Danish explorers
Danish travel writers
Danish emigrants to Russia
17th-century Danish diplomats
W8

W8 or W-8 may be:
 W8, a postcode district in the W postcode area
 W8 engine, an eight-cylinder piston engine in a W configuration
 Cargojet, IATA airline designator
 Worms 3D, the eighth game in the Worms series
 Vector W8, a sports car produced by Vector Aeromotive
 London bus W8, a London bus route
 a specific size of I-beam
 Windows 8, an operating system
 W8 (loading gauge) on the British rail system
 W8 (tram), a class of electric trams modified by Yarra Trams from SW6, W6 and W7 trams.
 Form W-8, a series of IRS tax forms

See also 
 Wait
 Weight

de:Liste von Abkürzungen (Netzjargon)#W
Cecil Hotel

Cecil Hotel or Hotel Cecil may refer to:

Australia
 Hotel Cecil, North Ipswich, Queensland
 Hotel Cecil (Southport), Queensland

Egypt
 Cecil Hotel (Alexandria)

India
 The Cecil, Shimla

Morocco
 Hotel Cecil (Tangier, Morocco)

United Kingdom
 Hotel Cecil, London, now demolished
 The Unionist government, 1895–1905, nicknamed the "Hotel Cecil" in 1900

United States
 Cecil Hotel (Los Angeles), United States
 Cecil Hotel, New York City, the site of the jazz club Minton's Playhouse

See also
 Cecil (disambiguation)
Bundesgericht

Bundesgericht may refer to
Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
Bundesgericht (Germany), a kind of court in Germany
Torre Jaume I

Torre Jaume I is a 107-metre (351 feet) high steel truss tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, which was built in 1931 by Carlos Boigas. The tower is currently the fifth-tallest aerial lift pylon in the world, and is a part of the Port Vell Aerial Tramway from Torre Sant Sebastia to Montjuïc. Torre Jaume I also has an observation platform.

See also
 List of towers
 Aerial lift pylon

External links

 Profile of the tower at emporis
 Scale drawing of the tower at skyscraperpge
 

Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Towers completed in 1931
Towers in Catalonia
1931 establishments in Spain
Iván Pérez (water polo)

Iván Ernesto Pérez Vargas (born 29 June 1971) is a water polo player from Spain. He was born in Havana, Cuba, but became a Spanish citizen. He was a member of the national team that finished in sixth place at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. He also competed at the 2008 and 2012 Olympics. He represented Cuba at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

In 2003 Pérez, a player from CN Barcelona, ended up in fifth place with the national side at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in his home town of Barcelona. He twice won the world title with Spain, at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Western Australia, and at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships in Fukuoka, Japan.

See also
 Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
 List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
 List of men's Olympic water polo tournament top goalscorers
 List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
 List of world champions in men's water polo

References

External links
 

1971 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Havana
Cuban male water polo players
Cuban emigrants to Spain
Spanish male water polo players
Olympic water polo players for Cuba
Olympic water polo players for Spain
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Spain
Competitors at the 2005 Mediterranean Games
Mediterranean Games medalists in water polo
Torre Sant Sebastià

Torre Sant Sebastià is a 78 metre tall free standing lattice tower in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain which is used as a suspension cable station. It is the terminal of the Port Vell Aerial Tramway of Barcelona, which runs over Torre Jaume I to Montjuïc. Torre Sant Sebastia was opened in 1931. It has two elevators to get up to the top of the tower and a restaurant on the top.

See also 

 List of towers

External links 

 Emporis.com
 http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b46298
 

Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Sant Sebastia
1931 establishments in Spain
Towers completed in 1931
Andrew Chaikin

Andrew L. Chaikin (born June 24, 1956) is an American author, speaker and science journalist. He lives in Vermont.

He is the author of A Man on the Moon, a detailed description of the Apollo missions to the Moon. This book formed the basis for From the Earth to the Moon, a 12-part HBO miniseries.

From 1999 to 2001, Chaikin served as executive editor for space and science at Space.com. From 2008 to 2011, he was a faculty member for Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana.  In 2013, he wrote and performed the narration on a NASA video re-creating the taking of the famous Earthrise photo during the Apollo 8 mission.

His book A Man on the Moon: One Giant Leap states that he grew up in Great Neck, New York, and, while studying geology at Brown University, worked at the NASA/Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory on the Viking program.

Bibliography

Cameo appearance
In the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon, Chaikin made a brief appearance in pseudo-documentary footage in the first episode as the host of Meet the Press.

References

External links 
 
 
 Appearance on the Colbert Report, April 4, 2011

1956 births
Living people
Brown University alumni
Space advocates
People from Arlington, Massachusetts
20th-century American journalists
American male journalists
România Mare

România Mare (literally translated from Romanian as "Great Romania"), may refer to:

 Greater Romania, the Romania state between the two world wars. Also political movements to unite lands that have Romanian-speaking populations
 Greater Romania Party (Partidul România Mare), a post-Communist populist political party in Romania
România Mare (magazine), edited by party leader Corneliu Vadim Tudor
Dear Deidre

Dear Deidre was the British newspaper The Sun's long running agony aunt column written by Deidre Sanders. Dear Deidre is also a phone-in section on the long-running British daytime TV programme This Morning, where the section has viewers calling live on the show asking for help from Deidre Sanders.

June Deidre Sanders (born 9 June 1945), a graduate of Sheffield University, was responsible for the feature which bears her name since November 1980 until her retirement at the end of 2020. On 27 September 2022, Sanders announced during an interview with This Morning that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer.

References

External links 
 

British advice columnists
British women columnists
Jesús Rollán

Jesús Miguel Rollán Prada (4 April 1968 – 11 March 2006) was a water polo goalkeeper from Spain who was a member of the national team that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.

Four years earlier, when Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics, he was on the squad that captured the silver medal. Born in Madrid, Rollán competed in five Summer Olympics, starting in 1988. He is among four Spanish water polo players, all in the 1992 and 1996 medal winning teams, to have competed at five Olympics, the others being Manuel Estiarte, Chiqui Sans and Chava Gomez. Rollán is the first water polo goalkeeper of either gender to compete at five Olympics.

He was also known as a close friend of Infanta Cristina, whom he introduced to her future husband Iñaki Urdangarin.

On 11 March 2006, three weeks and three days before his 38th birthday, Rollán died after a fall from a terrace at a spa near Barcelona. He was at the spa receiving treatment for depression. The fees for the spa were being paid for by the Spanish Olympic Committee.

See also
 Spain men's Olympic water polo team records and statistics
 List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games
 List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
 List of Olympic champions in men's water polo
 List of Olympic medalists in water polo (men)
 List of men's Olympic water polo tournament goalkeepers
 List of world champions in men's water polo
 List of World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
 List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame

References

External links
 

1968 births
2006 suicides
2006 deaths
Sportspeople from Madrid
Spanish male water polo players
Water polo goalkeepers
Water polo players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Water polo players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Spain in water polo
Olympic silver medalists for Spain in water polo
World Aquatics Championships medalists in water polo
Suicides by jumping in Spain
Water polo players from the Community of Madrid
Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate water polo players
A Man on the Moon

A Man on the Moon: The Voyages of the Apollo Astronauts is a 1994 book by Andrew Chaikin. It describes the 1968-1972 voyages of the Apollo program astronauts in detail, from Apollo 8 to 17.

"A decade in the making, this book is based on hundreds of hours of in-depth interviews with each of the twenty-four moon voyagers, as well as those who contributed their brain power, training and teamwork on Earth."

This book formed the basis of the 1998 television miniseries From the Earth to the Moon. It was released in paperback in 2007 by Penguin Books, .

See also  
 First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong
 Carrying the Fire the autobiography of the Gemini 10 and Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins
 One Giant Leap, a 2019 book

References

1994 non-fiction books
Spaceflight books
Books about the Apollo program
Alex Wilson (Canadian sprinter)

Alexander S. Wilson (December 1, 1907 – December 9, 1994) was a Canadian sprinter who competed in both the 1928 Summer Olympics and the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Montreal and died in Mission, Texas, United States.

In 1928 he won a bronze medal with the Canadian team in the 4 × 400 metres relay event. In the 400 metre competition as well as in the 800 metre contest he was eliminated in the semi-finals. Four years later, he won the silver medal in the 800 metre event and the bronze medal in the 400 metre competition. With the Canadian team he won another bronze medal in the 4 × 400 metre relay contest.

At the 1930 British Empire Games (now the Commonwealth Games) he won the gold medal in the 440 yards event and the bronze medal in the 880 yards competition. With the Canadian relay team he won the silver medal in the 4 × 440 yards contest. He was a track and field athlete at the University of Notre Dame and the Alex Wilson Invitational was named for him because he went on to coach the track and field team for several decades. At Notre Dame he won the 400 meter NCAA Outdoor Championship in 1932.

Awards
 Canadian Track Hall of Fame (1954)
 Helms Athletic Foundation Hall of Fame (1967)
 National Collegiate Athletic Association Cross Country Coaches Association National Coach of the Year (1972)
 US Track & Field & Cross Country Coaches Association Hall of Fame (2008)

References

External links

Alex Wilson the greatest sprinter
 
 

1907 births
1994 deaths
Anglophone Quebec people
Athletes from Montreal
Athletes (track and field) at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1930 British Empire Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States

Canadian male middle-distance runners
Canadian people of British descent
Canadian male sprinters
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Olympic bronze medalists for Canada
Olympic silver medalists for Canada
Olympic track and field athletes for Canada
Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's track and field athletes
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field)
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Medallists at the 1930 British Empire Games
Bernardino Herrera

Bernardino Herrera Casanueva (born 15 October 1977 in Santander, Cantabria) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Spain. He earned his first cap for the Men's National Team in 1998 during the Champions Trophy tournament in Lahore, Pakistan. He is also the husband of the female hockey star Silvia Muñoz.

Herrera competed in two Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 2000. There he finished in ninth position, followed by the fourth place in Athens. The goalie of Club de Campo Villa de Madrid won the title at the Champions Trophy in Lahore, and at the 2005 Men's Hockey European Nations Cup in Leipzig.

External links

 Profile on Athens 2004-website

1977 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Santander, Spain
Field hockey players from Cantabria
Spanish male field hockey players
Male field hockey goalkeepers
Olympic field hockey players for Spain
Field hockey players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
2002 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Field hockey players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
2006 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Club de Campo Villa de Madrid players
Nodar Kancheli

Nodar Kancheli (21 April 1938 – 26 June 2015) was a Russian architect who designed a number of facilities including the Transvaal Park water park in Yasenevo and Basmanny Market. These two structures collapsed, killing a total of at least 89 people.

References

External links
31 dead in Moscow roof collapse
Russian architects: Nodar V. Kancheli

1938 births
2015 deaths
Russian architects
Russian people of Georgian descent
UEFA Euro 1992 qualifying

The qualifying competition for UEFA Euro 1992 was a series of parallel association football competitions to be held over 1990 and 1991 to decide the qualifiers for UEFA Euro 1992, to be held in Sweden. The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 2 February 1990.

There were a total of seven groups. At the conclusion of qualifying, the team at the top of each group qualified for the final tournament, to join the hosts in completing the eight participants. This was the last European Championship to feature eight teams, as the competition was expanded to 16 teams for 1996.

Qualified teams

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Team
! Qualified as
! Qualified on
! data-sort-type="number"|Previous appearances in tournament
|-
|  ||  ||  || 0 (debut)
|-
|  || Group 1 winner ||  || 2 (1960, 1984)
|-
|  || Group 7 winner ||  || 3 (1968, 1980, 1988)
|-
|  || Group 3 winner ||  || 5 (1960, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1988)
|-
|  || Group 2 winner ||  || 0 (debut)
|-
|  || Group 5 winner ||  || 5 (1972, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988)
|-
|  || Group 6 winner ||  || 3 (1976, 1980, 1988)
|-
|  || Group 4 runner-up ||  || 3 (1964, 1984, 1988)
|}

Seedings
The draw took place on 2 February 1990. Sweden qualified automatically as hosts of the competition, and 34 teams entered the draw, with the Faroe Islands and San Marino participating in a European qualifying tournament for the first time.

Following German reunification on 3 October 1990, East Germany were withdrawn since the country ceased to exist: the newly unified German team took over the fixtures of West Germany, while those of East Germany were scratched.

The qualifiers thus consisted of 33 teams divided into seven groups (two of four teams and five of five teams) were played in 1990 and 1991. Each group winner progressed to the finals. This was the last European Championship qualifying phase which awarded two points for a win; from 1996 onward, teams earned 3 points for a win.

Summary

Tiebreakers
If two or more teams finished level on points after completion of the group matches, the following tie-breakers were used to determine the final ranking:
 Greater number of points in all group matches
 Goal difference in all group matches
 Greater number of goals scored in all group matches
 Drawing of lots

Groups

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

East Germany were originally drawn into this group alongside West Germany, but after reunification, a single German team participated in the qualification process, taking over the fixtures of West Germany.

Subsequently, East Germany's game on 12 September 1990 against Belgium was reclassified as a friendly, and was also East Germany's final international match, which it won 2–0: the remaining seven fixtures of East Germany were scratched.

Group 6

Group 7

Goalscorers

Notes

References

External links
 UEFA Euro 1992 at UEFA.com

 
Qualifying

1992
UEFA Euro 1992
Ferreries

Ferreries is a municipality on the island of Menorca, in the Spanish autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. Its name is derived from the Catalan word ferrer ("blacksmith"), which in turn, comes from Latin word ferrum. At an elevation of 150 metres it is the island's highest town. Plaça Espanya

See also 
 Castle of Santa Àgueda

References

External links 
Official website 
Virtual map of Ferreries 
Information from Balearic Institute of Statistics (PDF format) 

Municipalities in Menorca
Populated places in Menorca
Silver(I,III) oxide

Silver(I,III) oxide or tetrasilver tetroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ag4O4. It is a component of silver zinc batteries. It can be prepared by the slow addition of a silver(I) salt to a persulfate solution e.g. AgNO3 to a Na2S2O8 solution.  It adopts an unusual structure, being a mixed-valence compound.  It is a dark brown solid that decomposes with evolution of O2 in water.  It dissolves in concentrated nitric acid to give brown solutions containing the Ag2+ ion.

Structure
Although its empirical formula, AgO, suggests that the compound tetrasilver tetraoxide has silver in the +2 oxidation state, each unit has two monovalent silver atoms bonded to an oxygen atom, and two trivalent silver atoms bonded to three oxygen atoms, and it is in fact diamagnetic. X-ray diffraction studies show that the silver atoms adopt two different coordination environments, one having two collinear oxide neighbours and the other four coplanar oxide neighbours. tetrasilver tetraoxide is therefore formulated as AgIAgIIIO2 or Ag2O·Ag2O3. It has previously been called silver peroxide, which is incorrect since it does not contain the peroxide ion, O22−.

Uses

Tetrasilver tetroxide has been marketed under a trade name "Tetrasil."  In 2010 The FDA issued a warning letter to an American company concerning the firm's marketing of Tetrasil and Genisil ointments of tetrasilver tetroxide for herpes and similar conditions.

References

Silver compounds
Mixed valence compounds
Transition metal oxides
Javier Bruses

Javier Bruses Manresa (born May 11, 1979 in Barcelona, Spain) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Spain, who was a member of the Men's National Team that finished fourth at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. The goalie of Real Club de Polo won the title at the Champions Trophy tournament in Lahore (2004), and at the 2005 Men's Hockey European Nations Cup in Leipzig.

Currently playing in the third team of Real Club de Polo Barcelona as a striker, received the golden medal of Real Club de Polo Barcelona for his excellent hockey carrier representing his club.

External links
 
 Profile on Athens 2004-website

1979 births
Living people
Spanish male field hockey players
Male field hockey goalkeepers
Olympic field hockey players for Spain
2002 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Field hockey players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Field hockey players from Barcelona
Real Club de Polo de Barcelona players
Smear

Smear may refer to:

A smear test, wherein a sample is smeared over a microscope slide to be studied for any pathology
A smear test usually refers to a pap test, that is, a cervical smear
Smear (card game)
Smear Lake, a lake in Wisconsin
Smear campaign, or smear job,  an attack on the reputation of an individual or group making use of disinformation tactics
Smear Campaign (album), an album by Napalm Death
Pat Smear, the guitarist and actor
Smear (optics), motion that degrades sharpness, which is generally linear over the integration time
Colloquial name for a glissando, a glide from one musical pitch to another

Smearing may refer to:
 Smearing of an image taken by an astronomical interferometer:
 Bandwidth smearing, a chromatic aberration;
 Time smearing, a consequence of Earth rotation during the observation;
 Smearing (climbing), a technique of rock climbing
 Electron smearing, a tool for improving convergence in DFT calculations

See also
Smeared, the debut studio album by Canadian rock band Sloan
TCDD 5701 Class

The TCDD (Turkish Republic Railways) 5701 Class is a class of 2-10-2 side tank steam locomotives for banking at Bilecik.  They were the last new main line steam locomotives built for TCDD.  Two were built by Henschel in 1951 and two by Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik in 1952 based on the German DRG BR 85.  The first member of the class, 5701, survives at the Çamlık Railway Museum.

External links
TCDD 5701

2-10-2T locomotives
05701
Henschel locomotives
Steam locomotives of Turkey
Standard gauge locomotives of Turkey
Golant railway station

Golant railway station () was opened on 1 July 1896 by the Great Western Railway. It was a simple platform on the waterside at the south end of Golant village, next to a level crossing that gave access to a slipway.

It was the only intermediate station between Lostwithiel and Fowey. The line had been built by the Lostwithiel and Fowey Railway but had fallen into disuse until reopened by the Cornwall Minerals Railway which was amalgamated into the Great Western Railway on the same day that Golant was opened.

The station was unstaffed. The instructions to staff stated that "no luggage is to be labelled to Golant. Passengers who may be travelling from Golant to stations on the main line beyond Lostwithiel must re-book at that station, and have their luggage labelled to their destination at Lostwithiel."

The railway including Golant was closed to passengers through part of the Second World War as Fowey was the main port for loading ammunition for the US 29th Division that landed on Omaha Beach on D Day. There was a munitions siding at Woodgate Pill just north of Golant, originally built for the Great War conflict. In early September 1943 the US forces were unloading an average of 49 wagons of ammunition a day with a peak of 103 wagons in a day. From 6 June 1944 to the end of the month they handled DWT of 13828 tons.

The Great Western Railway was nationalised into British Railways on 1 January 1948. The passenger service was withdrawn on 4 January 1965 and the station subsequently demolished, the space now being used for a small car park.

References

External links

 Golant station on navigable 1946 O. S. map

Disused railway stations in Cornwall
Former Great Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1896
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1917
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1917
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1940
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1942
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1942
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1944
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1944
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1965
1896 establishments in England
Beeching closures in England
Divan of the Abkhazian Kings

The Divan of the Abkhazian Kings (, which is often translated as the Chronicles of the Abkhazian Kings) is a short medieval document composed in Georgian in the late 10th or early 11th century. It has come down to us as a 15th-century copy. The text was first studied and published by the Georgian scholar Ekvtime Takaishvili. It has also been translated into English and Russian.

It is usually attributed to the first king of all-Georgia, Bagrat III, who began his reign as the Abkhazian king in 978. Somewhat of a manifesto, this document may have been issued by Bagrat, a representative of the new dynasty of the Bagrationi, in support of his rights to the Abkhazian throne.

The Divan lists 22 successive rulers from Anos to Bagrat, and styles each of them as “king” (Georgian: mepe) (though until the mid-780s they functioned as the archons under the Byzantine authority). The text does provide the information about the family relationships among these rulers as well as the duration of the last 11 kings’ reigns, but lacks chronology. The two kings of the Shavliani clan (878–887) are omitted probably because they were regarded as usurpers. The dates and achievements of the most of the early Abkhazian rulers remain conjectural.

The names below are given in original transliteration. The dates are as per Prince Cyril Toumanoff and other modern scholars. 
Anos (ანოს) (c. 510–530)
Ghozar (ღოზარ) (c. 530–550)
Istvine (ისტვინე) (c. 550–580)
Phinictios (ფინიქტიოს) (c. 580–610)
Barnucius (ბარნუკ) (c. 610–640)
Demetrius I (დემეტრე) (c. 640–660)
Theodosius I (თეოდოს) (c. 660–680)
Constantine I (კონსტანტინე) (c. 680–710)
Theodor (თეოდორ) (c. 710–730)
Constantine II (კონსტანტინე) (c. 730–745)
Leon I (ლეონ) (c. 745–767)
Leon II (ლეონ) (c. 767–811)
Theodosius II (თეოდოს) (c. 811–837)
Demetrius II (დემეტრე) (c. 837–872)
George I (გიორგი) (c. 872–878)
Bagrat I (ბაგრატ) (c. 887–898)
Constantine III (კონსტანტინე) (c. 898–916)
George II (გიორგი) (c. 916–960)
Leon III (ლეონ) (c. 960–969)
Demetrius III (დემეტრე) (c. 969–976)
Theodosius III (თეოდოსი) (c. 976–978)
Bagrat III (ბაგრატი) (978–1014)

See also

The Georgian Chronicles
Conversion of Kartli (chronicle)

References
S. H. Rapp, Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts, Peeters Bvba (September 25, 2003)  pages 144, 230-237, 481-484

Georgian chronicles
Kings of Abkhazia
10th-century history books
Regnal lists
That's Why Darkies Were Born

"That's Why Darkies Were Born" was a popular song written by Ray Henderson and Lew Brown. It originated in George White's Scandals of 1931, where white baritone Everett Marshall performed the song in blackface.

The song was most famously recorded by popular singer Kate Smith, whose rendition was a hit in 1931, and by award-winning singer, film star, scholar, and civil rights activist Paul Robeson. It was also featured in a 1931 all-star recording of a medley of songs from George White's Scandals, where it was sung by Frank Munn on Brunswick and just as famously part of Paul Whiteman medley sung by Native American jazz singer Mildred Bailey on Victor.

One verse runs:

Someone had to pick the cotton,
Someone had to plant the corn,
Someone had to slave and be able to sing,
That's why darkies were born.

The song was part of a fatalistic musical genre in the 1930s where African Americans were depicted as "fated to work the land, fated to be where they are, to never change." "That's Why Darkies Were Born" has been described as presenting a satirical view of racism, although others have said there is no evidence that the song was ever performed in a satirical or joking manner. The song was criticized as racist by African American audiences in the early 1930s, and Mildred Bailey received many letters from the public urging her to stop performing it in 1931.

In popular culture
The song is referenced in the Marx Brothers film Duck Soup, when Groucho Marx's character Rufus T. Firefly says, "My father was a little headstrong, my mother was a little armstrong. The Headstrongs married the Armstrongs, and that's why darkies were born." Part of Marx's line, primarily the term "darkies," was removed from television prints of this film in the early 1970s.  The full dialogue was restored in 1980 for home video releases and future broadcast syndication.

2019 controversy
On April 18, 2019, the New York Yankees announced that Kate Smith's rendition of "God Bless America" would no longer be played at Yankee Stadium, citing "That's Why Darkies Were Born" along with another controversial song sung by Smith, "Pickaninny Heaven". The Philadelphia Flyers followed suit the next day, covering up a statue of Smith that stood outside the Wells Fargo Center, then removing the statue on April 21, 2019.

References

External links
  via Lyon College
 Paul Robeson - That's Why Darkies Were Born - 1931 via YouTube
 Kate Smith - That's Why Darkies Were Born - 1931 via YouTube

American songs
1931 songs
Paul Robeson songs
Kate Smith songs
Songs with music by Ray Henderson
Songs with lyrics by Lew Brown
Satirical songs
Comedy songs
Ethnic humour
Stereotypes of African Americans
Songs about black people
Black comedy music
Race-related controversies in music
Schloß Pötzleinsdorf

Schloß Pötzleinsdorf or Schloss Pötzleinsdorf is a former palace in Pötzleinsdorf, Vienna. It is currently being used as a primary school.

History 
The palace was a nobleman's residence in the mid-17th century, but in the next century the building became known as Ricci'scher Freihof, after a merchant called Ricci who used it for cloth manufacture and silk dying. The estate was bought by Countess Philippina von Herberstein toward the end of the 18th century. She began turning the grounds into a park, before selling to the banker Johann Heinrich Geymüller in 1797. He rebuilt the house as a palace, and had the gardens landscaped in a romantic English style, since when they have been considered some of Vienna's finest. After Geymüller went bankrupt in 1841, the estate was auctioned, and had changed hands several times when the industrialist Max Schmidt purchased it in 1920. Since 1935 the palace and the surrounding 33 hectares of park have belonged to the city of Vienna and have been open to the public. When Roland Rainer modernised the building after the Second World War he removed many of the decorative features, both interior and exterior (including a set of impressive perrons at the front of the building) when a youth hostel was opened there. Today it houses the Vienna-Pötzleinsdorf Rudolf Steiner-Schule (a Steiner/Waldorf school).

Location 
The palace is in Geymüllergasse, Währing, the 18th district of Vienna. The address is Geymüllergasse 1, A-1180 Wien.

Notes

External links 

 Pötzleinsdorf Palace Park
 Vienna District Museums: Währing
 Homepage of the Rudolf Steiner-Schule

Buildings and structures in Währing
Palaces in Vienna
Thru These Walls

"Thru' These Walls" is a song by the English drummer Phil Collins. It was released as a single in October 1982, being Collins' fourth single. The song is also the seventh track and first single release from Collins' second solo studio album, Hello, I Must Be Going!, released in November of the same year. The song is dark, which follows a vast majority of songs from the album, and is about a man listening through the wall to his neighbours partaking in sexual activities.

Recording
The song has distinct similarities to Collins's debut solo single, "In The Air Tonight", featuring similar atmospheric opening chords on a Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 and also using the same gated reverb drum effect. The song also features one of Collins's attempts at a "Ringo Starr drum part", Starr being one of his biggest influences as a drummer.

Release
The song was the first single by Collins that did not reach the Top 20 in the UK, peaking at No. 56 in the UK Singles Chart (it was not released as a single in the U.S.)

Music video
The music video for the song was directed by Stuart Orme, who also directed the video for "In The Air Tonight" and in 1983 it was released on the home video Phil Collins available on Video Home System (VHS) and LaserDisc (LD) which received a Grammy nomination for Best Video, Short Form.

Although the video appeared on Phil Collins "The Singles Collection" VHS, the music video itself did not appear officially for Internet streaming on Phil Collins' YouTube channel until June 2018.

Track listing
7": Virgin / VS 524 (UK)
 "Thru' These Walls"
 "Do You Know, Do You Care?"

Chart history

Credits 
"Thru' These Walls"
 Phil Collins – keyboards, drums, vocals, marimba 
 Daryl Stuermer – guitars
 Mo Foster – bass 
"Do You Know, Do You Care?"
 Phil Collins – vocals, keyboards, bass pedals, drums, timpani, trumpet
 Daryl Stuermer – guitars
 Gavin Cochrane – photography

References 

1982 singles
Phil Collins songs
Songs written by Phil Collins
Virgin Records singles
Song recordings produced by Hugh Padgham
Song recordings produced by Phil Collins
1982 songs
P51

The North American P-51 Mustang is an American World War II fighter aircraft.

P51 or P-51 may also refer to:

Vessels 
 , a patrol vessel of the Argentine Navy
 , a submarine of the Royal Navy
 , a patrol vessel of the Indian Navy
 , a patrol vessel of the Irish Naval Service

Other uses 
 BenQ-Siemens P51, a PDA smartphone
 P-51 can opener, issued by the United States Armed Forces
 Papyrus 51, a biblical manuscript
 Parker 51, a fountain pen
 P51, a state regional road in Latvia
Massaguet

Massaguet (Arabic: المساقط, al-Masāqiṭ) is a city in Hadjer-Lamis region, western Chad. It is located at around .
An 86.6 km (87 km) highway completed in 1969 connects Massaguet with N'Djamena.

Demographics

References

Hadjer-Lamis Region
Populated places in Chad
Schloss Neuwaldegg

Schloss Neuwaldegg is a Baroque palace with an English garden in the Hernals borough of Vienna, Austria.1 It is currently privately owned and rented out for a variety of private and public events.

History 
Neuwaldegg manor arose from a farmstead acquired by the Imperial councillor Stefan Agler after the 1529 Siege of Vienna. Agler was ennobled to the rank of Ritter by the Habsburg emperor Ferdinand I and in 1539 received the title of an Edler of Paumgarten and Neuwaldegg.

The present-day palace was built around 1697 at the behest of Count Theodor von Strattmann, most probably according to plans designed by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, and surrounded by a French formal garden. In 1765 Field Marshal Count Franz Moritz von Lacy, confidant of Empress Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II, purchased the estate. He had the building again enlarged and the English landscape park laid out, one of the first in the Habsburg monarchy. It included 17 reed cottages on the Hameau (French for "hamlet") hill to accommodate Lacy's guests, as well as a mausoleum built in 1794 that became his last resting place. When he opened his gardens to the public, they became a popular destination for Vienna day-trippers.

After Lacy's death in 1801, the princely Schwarzenberg family bought the palace and the large landscape park, which up to today is called Schwarzenbergpark, featuring two obelisks located on the  long Schwarzenbergallee avenue, along with a number of statues of Greek gods. However, the new owners had many art treasures transferred to Český Krumlov Castle in Bohemia, and over time the building and the gardens fell into a state of general neglect. Neuwaldegg was incorporated into the 17th district of Vienna on 1. January 1892. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna finally bought the palace in 1951, while the park stretching uphill to the city limits was purchased by the municipal authorities in 1958 and has been redeveloped as a recreational area.

In Culture 
The castle was the location for the television film  from 2012 and Zurück ins Leben in 2013.

Notes
1 The address is at XVII. Waldegghofgasse 3.

External links 
 Neuwaldegg Estate Management

Buildings and structures in Hernals
Palaces in Vienna
Faculté de médecine – Université de Sherbrooke

The Faculté de médecine is one of four medical schools in the Canadian province of Quebec. The faculty is part of the Université de Sherbrooke and is located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, southeast of Montreal.

See also

Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke

External links 
 Faculté de médecine - Université de Sherbrooke official website (in French)

Medical schools in Canada
Université de Sherbrooke
Mani, Chad

Mani () is a town in Hadjer-Lamis region, western Chad, south of the Lake Chad, on the border with Cameroon.

References 

Hadjer-Lamis Region
Populated places in Chad
Cameroon–Chad border crossings
List of football clubs in Australia

List of football clubs in Australia may refer to:

 List of Australian rules football clubs in Australia
 List of soccer clubs in Australia
Giovanni Lombardo Radice

Giovanni Lombardo Radice (23 September 1954 – 27 April 2023) was an Italian actor, screenwriter and theatre director. He was best known to film audiences for his roles in horror films, several of which became cult classics. He was sometimes credited under the stage name John Morghen.

Early life 
Radice was born in Rome in September 1954, into a prominent local family. His father, Lucio, was a mathematician and a leading member of the Communist Party. His paternal grandfather was the pedagogist Giuseppe Lombardo Radice. His uncle, Pietro Ingrao, was a prominent politician, journalist, and World War II partisan. He was the first Communist to become President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, a position he held from 1976 to 1979.

Radice studied to become a ballet dancer, but his career was sidelined by a back injury in his teenage years. After brief stint as a physical therapist, he decided to become an actor.

Career 
After classical training, he started a Shakespearean company called The Swan Company (named after The Swan) at the age of 19. He was a successful stage actor for several years, but by his account was "a terrible administrator" and struggled financially. After a chance meeting with Ruggero Deodato's mother-in-law, he became acquainted with the director, and after a successful audition was cast in his 1980 horror film The House on the Edge of the Park.

Throughout the 1980s, Radice appeared in many Italian cult films such as Cannibal Apocalypse (1980), City of the Living Dead (1980), Stage Fright (1987) and The Church (1989).  

Radice is best known for his villainous roles in Italian horror films, and notably for the spectacular and gruesome death scenes his characters semi-regularly fall victim to.  In several interviews, he reportedly stated that he wished he had never portrayed Mike Logan in Cannibal Ferox, criticizing the movie for being both fascist and racist and abusive towards animals. After his family cirticized him for using his family name to create incredibly violent films, Radice adopted the stage name John Morghen, taking the anglicized form of his first name (Giovanni becomes John) and using his maternal grandmother's maiden name as his last name (Morghen).

Radice’s last public appearance was at the 2023 Romford Horror Film Festival alongside Silvia Collatina.

Personal life 
Lombardo Radice was married to actress Alessandra Panelli (b. 1957) from 1989 until his death. They had one child. Lombardo Radice was trilingual, fluent in English and French as well as his native Italian.

The writer  was his elder brother. Radice often posted texts criticizing social injustice, capitalism and corruption in Italy.

He wrote about having a cocaine addiction when younger.

Death 
Lombardo Radice died on 27 April 2023, at the age of 68, the same day as his Cannibal Apocalypse co-star Ramiro Oliveros.

Filmography

References

External links

 Interview at deliria-italiano.de

1954 births
2023 deaths
20th-century Italian male actors
21st-century Italian male actors
Italian male film actors
People of Lazian descent
Male actors from Rome
Palais Rasumofsky

Palais Rasumofsky () is a palace in Vienna, Austria.

The palace was commissioned by Prince Andrey Kyrillovich Razumovsky as a   Neoclassic embassy worthy of the representative of Alexander I. It was built at the prince's own expense and to the designs of Louis Montoyer, in Landstraße, close to the city center of Vienna. He filled it with antiquities and modern works of art. On New Year's Eve 1814, the prince held a glittering ball with Tsar Alexander I as guest of honour. Probably the only person in Vienna who was invited but did not go, was Ludwig van Beethoven. To accommodate the guests, Razumovsky erected a temporary ballroom extension, heated by a flue from the palace. After all the guests had gone, the flue caught fire, setting the ballroom ablaze and burning out roomfuls of art in the palace. Rasumovsky, though he was raised to Prince the following year, was never the same. He lived in seclusion in Vienna until his death in 1836. From 1852 until 2005 the building hosted the Federal Geological Office. In 1862 the street on which the palace is located was named Rasumofskygasse.

References

External links 

 Bezirksmuseum Landstraße | Palais Rasumofsky

Buildings and structures in Landstraße
Rasumosfky
Austria–Russia relations
Vienna
Neoclassical architecture in Austria
Lake Lerma salamander

The Lake Lerma salamander (Ambystoma lermaense) is an extremely rare, occasionally neotenic mole salamander species from Mexico.

Description

The Lake Lerma salamander was first described by herpetologist Edward Harrison Taylor from a holotype found east of Toluca in 1940. Its habitat is the Lerma River and Lake Lerma in the Toluca Valley in the central highland of Mexico in an altitude of 2800-3000m asl. Drainage of the marshes destroyed almost the whole Lake Lerma wetlands complex with the consequence that this species became locally extinct in that area. Pollution and the building of dams at the Lerma River in the Almoloya region along the villages Tenango, Santa Maria, Jajalpa and San Pedro, as well as domestic consumption, led also to a catastrophic decline of the populations. This species is listed in Appendix II CITES and as Endangered in the IUCN red list due to the lack of information according its occurrence.

References

  Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is critically endangered

Mole salamanders
Amphibians described in 1940
Lerma River
Palais Trautson

Palais Trautson is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria, located at Museumstraße 7. It was once owned by the noble Trautson family.

History 
The land on which the palace is built originally belonged to Countess Maria Margareta Trautson in 1657 and consisted of a small house and a vineyard. After the Battle of Vienna, During repairs Johann Leopold Donat von Trautson, the prince of Troutson, commissioned Christian Alexander Oedtl to build the palace in 1712. Oedtl used designs by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. In 1760, the palace was bought by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria for 40,000 Guilders, who then gave the palace to the Hungarian Guard. The Hungarian Guard converted the palace's garden to a riding school and the orangery to the stables. Since 1920, the Hungarian Historical Institute in Vienna, and since 1924 the Collegium Hungaricum were headquartered in the palace. In 1961, the Hungarian government sold the palace.

References

External links 

Trautson
Baroque architecture in Vienna
Houses completed in 1712
Jack Andrews

Sir John Lawson Ormrod Andrews  (15 July 1903 – 12 January 1986) was a member of both the Northern Ireland House of Commons and the Senate of Northern Ireland.

Son of Prime Minister J. M. Andrews, he was educated at Moure Grange Preparatory School, County Down, and Shrewsbury School. Andrews entered Parliament as MP for Mid Down in 1953 (replacing his father), a seat which he represented until his resignation in 1964, when he was elected to the Senate where he sat until the Parliament was prorogued in 1972. His election to the senate was following a cabinet reshuffle, in which Andrews accepted demotion to the politically unimportant position of Government Minister in the Senate.

He held several Cabinet positions, including Minister in the Senate from 1964 and Deputy Prime Minister from May 1969. He was a contender for the position of Prime Minister on the retirement of Lord Brookeborough, but when it became clear that Terence O'Neill had a comfortable lead over both Andrews and Brian Faulkner in the parliamentary party, no contest was held. In 1969 he was approached by O'Neill to succeed him, but he refused and James Chichester-Clark was elected

During the 1970 Bannside and South Antrim by-elections, Andrews was at the centre of the UUP's pluralist campaign against Ian Paisley's Protestant Unionist Party, declaring "What does Protestant Unionism mean? Does it mean that you have to put a sign over the door of the Unionist Party saying Protestants only?"

Andrews was knighted in 1973. In retirement, he served as President of the Unionist Party of Northern Ireland.

References

Ireland since 1939, Henry Patterson (2001, Oxford University Press)
A history of the Ulster Unionist Party, Graham Walker (2004, Manchester University Press)
Memoirs of a statesman, Brian Faulkner (1978, Weidenfeld and Nicolson)

1903 births
1986 deaths
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1953–1958
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958–1962
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962–1965
Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland)
Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1961–1965
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1965–1969
Members of the Senate of Northern Ireland 1969–1973
Ulster Scots people
Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Unionist Party of Northern Ireland politicians
Ministers of Finance of Northern Ireland
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for County Down constituencies
Ulster Unionist Party members of the Senate of Northern Ireland
Palais Chotek

Palais Chotek is a Baroque palace in Vienna, Austria. It is located at Währinger Straße 28 in the IX. district of Alsergrund. 

The building is named after the noble Chotek family. For over a century, it has been the headquarters of the Friedrich Otto Schmidt home furnishings company.

External links 

Chotek
Baroque architecture in Vienna
Buildings and structures in Alsergrund
Chotek family
Zapolyarny (inhabited locality)

Zapolyarny (; masculine), Zapolyarnaya (; feminine), or Zapolyarnoye (; neuter) is the name of several urban localities in Russia:
Zapolyarny, Murmansk Oblast, a town in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast
Zapolyarny, Komi Republic, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Komsomolsky Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Vorkuta in the Komi Republic
Zapolyarny, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, an urban-type settlement in Nadymsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug