alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
University of Arizona Press

The University of Arizona Press, a publishing house founded in 1959 as a department of the University of Arizona, is a nonprofit publisher of scholarly and regional books. As a delegate of the University of Arizona to the larger world, the Press publishes the work of scholars wherever they may be, concentrating upon scholarship that reflects the special strengths of the University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and Northern Arizona University.

The Press publishes about fifty books annually and has some 1,400 books in print. These include scholarly titles in American Indian studies, anthropology, archaeology, environmental studies, geography, Chicano studies, history, Latin American studies, and the space sciences. The UA Press has award-winning books in more than 30 subject areas.

The UA Press also publishes general interest books on Arizona and the Southwest borderlands. In addition, the Press publishes books of personal essays, such as Nancy Mairs's Plaintext and two series in literature: Sun Tracks: An American Indian Literary Series and Camino del Sol: A Chicana/o Literary Series.

Camino del Sol 
The University of Arizona began their Camino del Sol Series in 1994, focusing on Chicanx and Latinx Literature. In 2010, Rigoberto Gonzalez edited an anthology honoring the series, also published by the University of Arizona press. Camino del Sol authors include: Farid Matuk, Pat Mora, Daniel A. Olivas, Sergio Troncoso, Luis Alberto Urrea, Vickie Vértiz, Tim Z. Hernandez, Juan Felipe Herrera, Emmy Pérez, Ray Gonzalez, Carmen Giménez Smith, Roberto Tejada, and more.

See also

 List of English-language book publishing companies
 List of university presses

References

External links
 University of Arizona Press website

Arizona
Press
Publishing companies established in 1959
Pigalle

Pigalle may refer to:

Places
Paris, France
Quartier Pigalle, an area in Paris around the Place Pigalle, on the border between the 9th and the 18th arrondissements
Place Pigalle, public square in the Quartier Pigalle at the foot of the Montmartre hill
Pigalle (Paris Métro), a station on lines 2 and 12 of the Paris Métro
Théâtre Pigalle, was a theatre in Paris, located in the rue Pigalle in the ninth arrondissement

Elsewhere
Pigalle Club, a supper club and live music venue in Piccadilly, London

Arts
Pigalle (band), French rock band formed in 1982
Pigalle (documentary), a 2006 documentary by Asa Mader
Pigalle (film), a 1994 film by Karim Dridi

Persons
Anne Pigalle, French chanteuse (singer) and multimedia artist
Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (1714–1785), French sculptor
Sabine Pigalle (born 1963), French photographer
Magnetogram

Magnetogram may refer to:
 Solar magnetogram, a pictorial representation of the spatial variations in strength of the solar magnetic field produced by a solar magnetograph
 Survey magnetogram, a pictorial representation of the time-variation in the geomagnetic field produced by a survey magnetograph

Magnetic devices
Asgard (yacht)

Asgard is a  gaff-rigged yacht. She was owned by the English-born writer and Irish nationalist Erskine Childers and his wife Molly Childers. She is most noted for her use in the Howth gun-running of 1914.

Asgard is sometimes mistaken for Dulcibella, the boat in Robert Erskine Childers's classic novel The Riddle of the Sands. This was based on a smaller vessel, Vixen, previously owned by Childers.

Design and early use
Asgard was bought for £1,000 in 1904 (£84,000 in 2006) from one of Norway's most famous boat designers, Colin Archer. The interior was custom built to the specifications of Childers and his wife Molly. Molly, disabled following a childhood accident, sometimes took the helm of Asgard, strapped onto the deck with harnesses so she could navigate the rough waters of the Irish Sea.

Asgards most famous trip was the Howth gun-running in 1914. Childers, his wife and a small crew, made the channel crossing with a hold full of rifles from Germany into Howth harbour just north of Dublin, to arm the Irish Volunteers in response to the arming of the Ulster Volunteers by the Larne gun-running in April. There is a plaque on dock wall in Howth as a memorial to this historic boat journey.

Shortly after the Easter Rising, Asgard was put into long-term dry-dock in Northern Wales, where she was sold in 1928. In 1968 the government formed the committee known as Coiste an Asgard and placed Asgard under their guidance and control to be used as a sail training vessel for the young people of Ireland. Sail training cruises were carried out on Asgard each year from 1969 to 1974.

Restoration and display

In 1961, she was located in the River Truro, Cornwall by the journalist Liam MacGabhann after lobby, the Irish Government procured the ageing vessel and returned her to Howth on 30 July 1961 in a re-enactment of the 1914 landing, using some of the original rifles and surviving members of the Irish Volunteers. It was used for sail training by the Irish Navy for a number of years in the 60s, and as the national sail training vessel, under the command of Capt. Erik Healy, from 1969 to 1974, when it was dry-docked and installed inside Kilmainham Gaol in Dublin where it remained as a museum attraction, until 2001.

In 2007 new restoration work began. It focussed on preserving as much as possible of the original wooden hull and its metal supports, before replacing pieces with new material. In a project led by master shipwright John Kearon, over 70% of the original deck and hull were preserved.

Since August, 2012 the restored Asgard is on permanent display in Collins Barracks, Dublin. The yacht and related artefacts are now on permanent display in an exhibition titled ' Asgard: The 1914 Howth Gun Running Vessel Conserved'. Nessa Childers MEP and her half-brother Prof. Rory Childers, grandchildren of Erskine and Molly, were the guests of honour at the official opening by Arts Minister Jimmy Deenihan.

See also

References

Notes

Sources
 
 

Ships of Ireland
Individual sailing vessels
Ships preserved in museums
History of Ireland (1801–1923)
1905 ships
Mataco–Guaicuru languages

Mataguayo–Guaicuru, Mataco–Guaicuru or Macro-Waikurúan is a proposed language family consisting of the Mataguayan and Guaicuruan languages. Pedro Viegas Barros claims to have demonstrated it. These languages are spoken in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia.

Genetic relations
Jorge Suárez linked Guaicuruan and Charruan in a Waikuru-Charrúa stock. Kaufman (2007: 72) has also added Lule–Vilela and Zamucoan, while Morris Swadesh proposed a Macro-Mapuche stock that included Matacoan, Guaicuruan, Charruan, and Mascoyan. Campbell (1997) has argued that those hypotheses should  be further investigated, though he no longer intends to evaluate it.

Language contact
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Arawakan, Tupian, Trumai, and Ofayé language families due to contact, pointing to an origin of Proto-Mataguayo-Guaicuruan in the Upper Paraguay River basin.

Classification
Internal classification by Jolkesky (2016):

(† = extinct)

Macro-Mataguayo-Guaykuru
Payagua †
Guachi †
Guaykuru
Kadiweu
Qom-Abipon
Abipon †
Qom
Qom, Southern: Mokovi
Qom, Northern: Pilaga; Toba
Mataguayo
Mataguayo, Western
Chorote: Chorote Iyojwa'ja; Chorote Iyo'wujwa
Wichi: Wichi Guisnay; Wichi Nokten; Wichi Vejoz
Mataguayo, Eastern
Maka
Nivakle

Chaco linguistic area

Campbell and Grondona (2012) consider the languages to be part of a Chaco linguistic area. Common Chaco areal features include SVO word order and active-stative verb alignment.

See also
Gran Chaco people

References

 Greenberg, Joseph H. (1987). Language in the Americas. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
 Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. .
 Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46–76). London: Routledge.

 
Proposed language families
Chaco linguistic area
Theatre in Dlouha Street

Theatre in Dlouha Street () is a repertoire theatre with a permanent group of actors established in 1996 as a set financed by the Municipality of Prague. The group of actors comprises graduates of the Theatre Academy of Musical Arts, part of the actors have studied in the Department of Alternative and Marionette Theatre of this academy. The young group is highly talented in terms of dance and music. The repertoire spans from great dramatic stories to non-traditional cabarets. The Theatre holds the Child in Dlouhá / Dítě v Dlouhé festival at which the most interesting plays for children's theatre are featured. Divadlo v Dlouhé was nominated several times for Alfréd Radok Award in the category Theatre of the Year. Grabbe's Don Juan and Faust and Sestra Úzkost won the category Performance of the Year.

The theatre is headed by Daniela Šálková. The key directors are Hana Burešová and Jan Borna. The most prominent actors are Miroslav Táborský, Jan Vondráček, Vlastimil Zavřel, Jaroslava Pokorná and Klára Sedláčková. Notable guest actors include Karel Roden, Martin Huba and Petr Skoumal.

See also 
 If the Pig Had Wings

External links 
Official site

Theatres in Prague
1996 establishments in the Czech Republic
Theatres completed in 1996
20th-century architecture in the Czech Republic
Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities

The Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (popular as CRAMRA) is a treaty that is part of the Antarctic Treaty System. The convention was concluded at Wellington on 2 June 1988. The government of New Zealand is the depository of the treaty.

The convention was signed by 19 states, but no states have ratified it. Therefore, the convention never entered into force and has been replaced by the 1998 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (Madrid Protocol).

Notes

External links
Text, PDF.
Signatories and status, mfat.govt.nz.

Antarctica agreements
1988 in Antarctica
Treaties concluded in 1988
Unratified treaties
1988 in New Zealand
Gale D. Candaras

Gale D. Candaras (born January 1, 1949) was a Democratic member of the Massachusetts Senate from 2006 to 2014, representing the First Hampden and Hampshire District. She is an attorney and a former five-term member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, where she served as a Division Leader.

Candaras was born in 1949 in Brooklyn, New York and grew up in Teaneck, New Jersey, graduating from Teaneck High School in 1967. She attended Fairleigh Dickinson University (where she graduated magna cum laude), and, in 1983, she graduated from Western New England College School of Law with a Juris Doctor. After law school, Senator Candaras worked for the Equity Trading and Arbitrage Division at Goldman Sachs in New York City. She is licensed to practice law in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and Massachusetts. In 1987, she moved to Wilbraham, where she practiced law and held positions on the Town planning board and finance committee and served for six years on the Board of Selectmen before being elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1996. She was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate in 2006. Senator Candaras served the First Hampden and Hampshire District, which covered her hometown of Wilbraham, a portion of the City of Springfield, the Towns of Longmeadow, East Longmeadow, Ludlow, Granby, Hampden, Belchertown, and a portion of the City of Chicopee.

In February 2012, Senator Candaras was appointed by Senate President Therese Murray to chair the Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies. She also served as Vice Chair of the Joint Committee on the Judiciary and sits on the Joint Committees on Financial Services, Ways and Means, and Transportation as well as the Senate Committees on Post Audit and Oversight, Ways and Means, and Global Warming and Climate Change. She has previously served as Chair of the Joint Committees on Revenue and Mental Health and Substance Abuse.

Candaras announced a run for Hampden County Register of Probate in January 2014, and did not seek re-election to her Senate seat. On November 4, 2014, she was defeated by Suzanne Seguin by 278 votes.

She is married to Arthur Wolf, a professor at Western New England University School of Law and former attorney with the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice and staff attorney to Congressman Father Robert Drinan. Candaras has one son.

See also
 Massachusetts House of Representatives' 12th Hampden district

References

External links
Official Website
Senate Member Profile

1949 births
Living people
Fairleigh Dickinson University alumni
Western New England University alumni
Democratic Party Massachusetts state senators
Democratic Party members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Politicians from Brooklyn
Teaneck High School alumni
Women state legislators in Massachusetts
21st-century American women
Gallipoli (2005 film)

Gallipoli (Turkish title Gelibolu) is a 2005 Turkish documentary film written and directed by Tolga Örnek. It is a documentary about the 1915 Gallipoli campaign, narrated by both sides, the Turks on one side and the British soldiers and Anzacs (soldiers of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) on the other side.

Synopsis
Through the use of surviving diaries, letters and photographs from both sides, the film shows the bravery and the suffering on both sides.  The film also contains: interviews with international experts, location landscape, underwater and aerial photography, 3-D computer animations and re-enactments of trenches.

Reception

Critical response
When the film was released in France, Variety magazine film critic, Lisa Nesselson, reviewed the film favorably, writing, "A thorough recounting of the carnage when Allied Forces attempted to take the Dardanelles Straits and the title peninsula in Turkey during WWI, Gallipoli serves up the paradoxes and idiocy of battle as expressed in letters and journals written by the men (on both sides) who were there...Clear, informative and frequently moving narration by Jeremy Irons and Sam Neill ties together six years of research by vet documaker Tolga Ornek. Drawing heavily on surviving correspondence, and skillfully illustrated with a blend of still photos, period footage and re-enactments, film keeps talking heads to a minimum. It brings to life long-dead adversaries who did their duty despite massive casualties from artillery, mines and the ravages of dysentery...Tech credits are top notch."

Australian film critic Louise Keller wrote, "A potent and magnificent documentary, Gallipoli impacts emotionally through its humanity and intensely personal stories. It has taken filmmaker Tolga Örnek six long years to research, write, produce and direct this outstanding film that documents the thoughts of soldiers who fought on all sides of this futile fiasco of a war. Although Örnek's script concisely recounts the circumstances and events that took place in the lead up to the nine month war, in which tens of thousands of soldiers lost their lives, it is not a story about who won or lost. Everyone lost in this shocking conflict, when young men not only fought against each other, but against extreme weather conditions, severe hardships like the ravages of disease, flies and lice."

Awards
For this film, Tolga Örnek has been awarded an honorary medal in the general division of the Order of Australia.

Home media
A DVD in Region 1 was released on February 5, 2008 by Cinema Epoch.

See also

 Battle of Gallipoli
 Gallipoli
 Gallipoli (1981), film starring Mel Gibson and directed by Peter Weir

References

External links
 
 
 Gallipoli film trailer at YouTube

2005 films
2005 documentary films
Anti-war films about World War I
Turkish independent films
Turkish documentary films
Turkish war films
Films about the Gallipoli campaign
Documentary films about World War I
ANZAC
2005 independent films
Documentary films about Turkey
Halifax rating

The Halifax rating was a valuation of the Spanish dollar in the £sd accounting system. It set the Spanish dollar at a value of 5 shillings (60 pence) and was established c.1750 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The rating was set 6 pence higher than the actual silver content of the coins, in an effort to keep the coins in circulation, as there was no advantage to melting the coins for their bullion content.

The Halifax rating was used officially in Upper and Lower Canada until 1841 when the gold standard was adopted for the dollar; however, United Empire Loyalists brought the York rating into Upper Canada, where it persisted well into the 19th century despite its outlawing (in favour of the Halifax rating) in 1796.

Currencies of Canada
Economic history of Ontario
28 Costumes

28 Costumes, also known as the Cossies, are a Liverpool pop band.  They signed to Spank Records in late 2003 and released four singles and an album with the label.  Their album, The Fake Death Experience was reviewed positively in, amongst other publications, The Independent and Artrocker magazine.  The band have since released the EP Electrical Fever on Invicta Hi Fi Records, and self-released the single "Erika" / "Death Mask".

Their records have been featured on UK based radio stations by DJs Steve Lamacq, Huw Stephens, Janice Long and John Kennedy.  The single "Erika" was featured on Hollyoaks and on BBC One programming.

The band played at the South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas in 2007, at Glastonbury Festival in 2008, and supported Editors and Futureheads on tour.

In April 2010, lead singer Chris moved to Berlin. There was a farewell concert held at Le Bateau, Liverpool, in which the original line-up of the band re-united. The band have 2 albums recorded and finished that are yet to be released. The first (Adnventure Stories) was recorded shortly after the release of their debut album and the second (This Band Has Eaten All Our Money) was recorded in the summer of 2008. Currently the band are working on the 4th Long Player as well as pursuing various other musical projects including Hallo...I Love You! Silent Sleep, Elle S'Appelle and House That Jack Built.

Line-up
Current lineup:
 Christopher McIntosh - Vocals/Guitar (2003–present)
 Tony Reilly - Guitar/Backing vocals (2003–present)
 Andy Donovan - Guitar/Backing vocals/Drums (2008–present)
Paul Green - Keyboards/Percussion/Backing Vocals (April 2010 – present)
Graham Jones - Bass (2010–present)

Previous members:
Alastair McPhie - Drums (2005–2009)
Joanne Body - Bass (2008–2009)
Geoff Williams - Bass (2007–2008)
Liam Keightly - Drums (2003)
Nick Hoare - Drums (2003–2005)
Paul Green - Bass/Backing vocals (2003–2007)

Discography

Albums
 The Fake Death Experience (2004)

EPs
 Hoy (2003)
 Electrical Fever (2007)
 Die (2007)

Singles
 "Hurricane" (2004)
 "21 Years" (2004)
 "Cash Advance" (2005)
 "Inside/Outside" (2006)
 "You Excite Me" (2006)
 "Erika" (2008)

External links
Video interview with 28 Costumes on Cult Cargo 
NME Review
Official Site
Myspace Band Site

English pop music groups
Musical groups from Liverpool
Musical groups established in 2003
Borowski v Canada (AG)

Borowski v Canada (AG), [1989] 1 S.C.R. 342 is the leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on mootness of an appealed legal issue.  The Court declined to decide whether the fetus had a right to life under sections 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.  Had they found in favour of Borowski, laws against abortion in Canada would have to have been again enacted.  Thus, along with the later Supreme Court case Tremblay v Daigle (1989), Borowski "closed off litigation opportunities" by anti-abortion activists.

Background
Joseph Borowski was an anti-abortion activist in Saskatchewan who wanted to challenge the abortion provisions under section 251 of the Criminal Code as violations of the Charter rights to life, security of person and equality of the foetus (because he felt the types of abortions permitted by the Therapeutic Abortion Committees were too liberal). He had previously been successful in gaining public interest standing to challenge the abortion law in the decision of Minister of Justice of Canada v. Borowski, [1981] 2 S.C.R. 575.

At trial the Court of Queen's Bench found that there was no violation as the foetus was not protected by the Charter rights that were argued. The Court of Appeal agreed that sections 7 and 15 did not apply.

The issues of appeal to the Supreme Court were concerning the constitutionality of section 251, given Borowski's arguments that it was too permissive in allowing for abortions.  However, the earlier decision of R. v. Morgentaler had already struck down the provision (as being too restrictive on abortion, and therefore breaching the mother's rights under section 7) and so it could not be at issue. As the section had been struck down, the primary issue instead concerned whether Borowski had lost his standing.

Opinion of the Court
Justice Sopinka wrote the decision for a unanimous Court. He held that the appeal was moot and that Borowski had lost his standing.

Sopinka characterized the doctrine of mootness as part of a general policy of the court to decline to hear hypothetical and abstract questions. He described a two step test for determining whether the issue is justiciable. First, the Court must determine "whether the requisite tangible and concrete dispute has disappeared rendering the issues academic," and if so, the court must decide whether it should exercise its discretion to hear the case anyway.

Sopinka found that the "live controversy" had disappeared with the striking down of section 251 of the Criminal Code, and that the Court should not exercise its discretion in these circumstances.

See also
 List of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Dickson Court)
 Fetal Rights

References

External links
 

Supreme Court of Canada cases
Canadian abortion case law
1989 in Canadian case law
York rating

The York rating was a valuation of the Spanish dollar in the £sd accounting system. It set the dollar equal to 8 shillings (1 real = 1 shilling). The rating was named after the colony of New York where it was adopted (see New York pound). It was also used in Upper Canada by United Empire Loyalists following the American War of Independence (see Canadian dollar).

Currency
Economic history of Ontario
Maret

Maret may refer to:

 Maret (name)
 Les Marêts, a commune in the Seine-et-Marne département in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
 Maret School, a private, secular, co-educational, college-preparatory school located in northwest Washington, D.C., USA
 March, in Indonesian month calendar

See also
 
 
 Marest
 Mareth, city, ship, surname, fortification
 Marot
 Merit (disambiguation)
Iceberg B-9

Iceberg B-9 was an iceberg that calved from Antarctica in 1987. It measured  long and  wide; it had a total area of , and is one of the longest icebergs ever recorded. This calving took place immediately east of the future calving site of Iceberg B-15; it carried away Little America V which had been closed in December 1959.
Starting in October 1987, Iceberg B-9 drifted for 22 months, covering  on its journey. Initially, B-9 moved northwest for seven months, before being drawn southward by a subsurface current that eventually led to its colliding with the Ross Ice Shelf in August 1988. It then made a  radius gyre before resuming its northwest drift. It moved at an average speed of  per day over the continental shelf, as measured by NOAA-10 and DMSP satellite positions, and by the ARGOS data buoy positions. In early August 1989, B-9 broke into three large pieces north of Cape Adare. These pieces were designated as B-9A, , B-9B, , and B-9C, .

B-9A drifted east and was located about  south of the South Orkney Islands in April 2002 where it triggered various ice warnings. In December 2003, it had made its way north and passed South Georgia Island to the east.

B-9B drifted toward the Mertz Glacier on the George V Coast, where it came to rest next to the glacier and remained there for eighteen years. On February 12 or 13th 2010, it collided with the giant floating Mertz Glacier tongue, and shaved off from it a new iceberg measuring  long and  wide. These then began drifting together about  off the eastern coast of Antarctica.

By December 2011, Iceberg B-9B had made its way into Commonwealth Bay and had broken up into three major pieces, parts of which froze to the seabed. The huge iceberg prevented three tourist ships, from reaching Antarctica; they had been intended to mark the centenary of the polar voyage of Australian explorer Douglas Mawson who had landed at Cape Denison on January 8, 1912, and constructed a complex of huts, which remain standing. These ships attempted to reach the cape, but had to turn back, in light of unusually harsh conditions caused by B-9B's position in the bay. A spokeswoman from the Australian government's Antarctic division observed, "There [are] unusual ice conditions ... affecting all the tourist ships that are going down there[,] because the tourist ships don't have ice-breaking capabilities, and they also don't have choppers, so their ability to get anywhere near the Mawson's huts area is basically stopped." In 2011, Amy Coopes from the Agence France-Presse expected that Iceberg B-9B could remain in Commonwealth Bay for the next decade. In 2018, B-9B still remains in the Commonwealth Bay, surrounded by other tabular icebergs.

See also
List of recorded icebergs by area

References

External links
 National Geographic
 IFL Science

B-9
Geography of Antarctica
St. Andrew's Episcopal School (Maryland)

St. Andrew's Episcopal School is a coeducational college preparatory independent school for preschool, beginning at age two, through grade twelve. St. Andrew's is located at 8804 Postoak Road, Potomac, Maryland, in Montgomery County. As of 2022-2023, total enrollment is 704. The student to faculty ratio is 7:1.

Academics
The school operates on trimesters. Students in grades 6–12 attend on average four classes per day. Upper School and Middle School students take five major academic courses per year – English, History, Language, Mathematics, and Science. Religion, art (visual and performing) and athletics are required at least one trimester per year.

In 2011, the school founded the Center for Transformative Teaching and Learning (CTTL), a professional development program for its faculty which develops the school's curriculum. The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative contributed $1 million to this effort.

Begun in 1998, the Oral History project, the signature academic program in the Upper School, houses one of the largest pre-collegiate collection of oral histories in North America.

The school is a member of College Entrance Examination Board, Cum Laude Society, National Association of College Admissions Counseling, National Association of Independent Schools, National Association of Episcopal Schools, and Potomac & Chesapeake Association of College Admissions Counseling. It is fully accredited by the Association of Independent Maryland Schools, Maryland State Department of Education, and Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. Advanced Placement classes are available in fourteen disciplines.

In April 2020, the school was among the dozens in the Washington, D.C., area which met the legal criteria for and received an unspecified amount in federally backed small business loans as part of the Paycheck Protection Program. The school received scrutiny over this loan, which was meant to protect small and private businesses.

Notable alumni and students
 Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay and philanthropist with Omidyar Network.
 Whitney Cummings, actress, comedian, author, and co-creator of 2 Broke Girls sitcom.
 Melissa d'Arabian, Food network personality, cook, author.
 Steven Levenson, Tony Award-winner for Best Book of a Musical for "Dear Evan Hansen".
 Kate Siegel, actress and screenwriter.
 Barron Trump, son of 45th President of the United States Donald Trump. (Did not graduate) 
 Nitya Vidyasagar, actress

References

External links
 
History of the School - St. Andrew's Archives

Private K-12 schools in Montgomery County, Maryland
Educational institutions established in 1978
1978 establishments in Maryland
Episcopal schools in Maryland
Schools in Potomac, Maryland
Tandjilé (region)

Tandjilé () is one of the 23 regions of Chad, located in the south-west of the country. Its capital is Laï. It corresponds to the former prefecture of the same name.

Geography
The region borders Chari-Baguirmi Region to the north, Moyen-Chari Region and Mandoul Region to the east, Logone Occidental Region and Logone Oriental Region to the south, and Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region and Mayo-Kebbi Est Region to the west.

Settlements 
Laï is the capital of the region; other major settlements include Baktchoro, Béré, Dafra, Déressia, Dono Manga, Guidari, Kélo and N'Dam.

Demography
As per the 2009 Chadian census the total population was 661,906. The region had 458,240 inhabitants in 1993, of whom 442,876 sedentary (rural, 385,537; urban, 57,339) and 15,364 nomad. The main ethnolinguistic groups are the Besme, Gabri, Goundo, Kabalai, Kim, Kimré, Kwang, Lele, Mango, Marba, Mesme, Mire, Nangtchéré, Ndam, the Sara Ngambay, Somrai, Tobanga and Tumak.

Subdivisions
The region of Tandjilé is divided into two departments:

References

 
Regions of Chad
Savary

Savary is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amandine Savary (born 1984), French pianist
Alain Savary (1918–1988), French Socialist politician
Alfred William Savary (1831–1920), Nova Scotia member of the 1st Canadian Parliament
Anne Jean Marie René Savary (1774–1833), French general
Charlotte Savary (born 1979), French singer 
Claude-Étienne Savary (1750–1788), French orientalist and pioneer of Egyptology
Daniel Savary (1743–1808), French admiral
Félix Savary (1797–1841), French mathematician and physicist
François Savary de Brèves (1560–1627), French ambassador and Orientalist.
Gilles Savary (born 1954), French politician and Member of the European Parliament
Jacques Savary (1622–1690), French writer who wrote The Compleat Merchant (first published in 1675)
Jacques Savary de Lancosme, French ambassador to the Ottoman Porte from 1585 to 1589
Jérôme Savary (1942–2013), French theater director and actor
Léon Savary (1895–1968), Swiss French-speaking writer and journalist 
Peter de Savary (1944–2022), English entrepreneur
Robert Savary, French aircraft designer

See also
Savary Island, an island in the northern part of the Strait of Georgia
Societe des Aeroplanes Robert Savary, French pioneer aviation company

French-language surnames
Canton of Valréas

The canton of Valréas, sometimes called the enclave des Papes ("Enclave of the Popes"), is a canton of the Vaucluse department, a part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur  (PACA) region in Southern France. It consists of four communes: Grillon, Richerenches, Valréas and Visan.

Location
The Enclave des Papes is surrounded by the Drôme département, separated from the Vaucluse proper by roughly 2.5 km at the closest point. Its four towns, Valréas, Visan, Grillon and Richerenches have a rich history. For the Vaucluse, the Enclave des Papes is an exclave; for the Drôme, it is an enclave.

History

From 1305 to 1378, the Popes lived in Avignon, in what is now France, and were under the influence of the French kings. During this period, known as the Avignon Papacy, the city of Avignon and the adjacent Comtat Venaissin were added to the Papal States.

In 1316 the Cardinals chose a sickly man, hoping that his reign as Pope would be short. Pope John XXII surprised them; he died at the age of 89 after 18 years of pontifical reign. All of this, so the story goes, thanks to the excellent wines of the Valréas region. When he had travelled through Valréas, he liked the wine so much that, in 1317, he purchased the estate of Valréas. Pope Clement VI later added the villages of Visan, Grillon and Richerenches. The Enclave des Papes was born.

Papal control persisted until the French Revolution; in 1791, an unauthorized plebiscite was held, and the inhabitants voted for annexation by France. The papacy did not, however, recognise this formally until 1814. The Enclave des Papes was incorporated first into the département of Drôme but was later joined to the département of Vaucluse.

References 

Valreas
Drôme
Enclaves and exclaves
Papal States
Kaka Hathrasi

Kaka Hathrasi (18 September 1906 – 18 September 1995) was a Hindi satirist and humorist poet of India.

Life and career

Hathrasi was born as Prabhu Lal Garg. He wrote under the pen name Kaka Hathrasi. He chose "Kaka", as he played the character in a play which made him popular, and "Hathrasi" after the name of his hometown Hathras. He has 42 works to his credit, comprising a collection of humorous and satirical poems, prose and plays published by various publishers. He also wrote three books on Indian classical music under the pen name "Vasant". In 1932, he established Sangeet Karyalaya (initially Garg and Co.), a publishing house for the books on Indian classical music and dance and started publishing a monthly magazine Sangeet in 1935. Sangeet is the only periodical on Indian classical music and dance that has been continuously published for over 78 years.

He was awarded Padma Shri by the government of India in 1985. Today, each year, the Delhi-based "Hindi Academy" awards the annual Kaka Hathrasi Award for outstanding contribution in the literary field.

Works

Humorous poetry
  Kaka Tarang. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., 2005.  .
 Kaka Ki Chaupal. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., 2006, .
 Jai Bolo Baiman Ki, Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., 2006. .
 Mera Jeevan : A-One (Autobiography), Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd., 1993. .

Film production
Kaka Hathrasi  and his son Laxminarayan Garg made a Brij Bhasha-language feature film "Jamuna Kinare" (1983) which  based on Braj culture. The film is made under the  banner of "Kaka Hathrasi Films Production", produced, directed and music composed by  Laxminarayan Garg  and story was written by Ashok Chakradhar (Kaka Hathrasi 's son-in-law,husband of Kaka's niece, Ms Bageshri)

References

External links
 Sangeet Karyalaya, Hathras' website
 Brief introduction and a large collection of poems at IndiaWorld on the Net
Poetry
 Kaka Hathrasi at Kavita Kosh (Hindi)
 Brief introduction and some poems at Anubhuti Hindi

1906 births
1995 deaths
Hindi-language writers
People from Hathras
Indian satirists
Hindi-language poets
Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education
Indian publishers (people)
Indian autobiographers
20th-century Indian poets
Indian male poets
Poets from Uttar Pradesh
20th-century Indian male writers
20th-century pseudonymous writers
Petr Skoumal

Petr Skoumal (7 March 1938 – 28 September 2014) was a Czech musician and composer.

Skoumal focused on film music. He also composed music for animated shorts (i.e. Maxipes Fik). In the past he made several stage performances with Jan Vodňanský in The Drama Club in Prague. After the break-up of the duo he made several albums for adults, echoing the communist times (i.e. Half-life, March). In the 90s he started a series of albums for children, based on the stories of Emanuel Frynta, Pavel Šrut and Jan Vodňanský (i.e. If the Pig Had Wings, Pastries, How to hunt a Gorilla). The former was made into a stage performance for Divadlo v Dlouhé.

He was a son of the notable Czech translator Aloys Skoumal.

He died in 2014, aged 76. His funeral was held at the Strašnice Crematorium in Prague.

References

External links

1938 births
Czech jazz musicians
Czech jazz pianists
Czech songwriters
2014 deaths
20th-century pianists
Etc (band) members
Civitas (disambiguation)

Civitas is the condition of Roman citizenship.

Civitas may also refer to:

Organisations
 CIVITAS (European Union), a European initiative to make urban transport more environmentally friendly
 Civitas Foundation for Civil Society, a Romanian non-governmental organisation which aims to stimulate  local and regional development
 Civitas Institute, a conservative American think-tank
 Civitas (think tank), a British think-tank
 Civitas (movement), a right-wing Roman Catholic pressure group in France

Schools
 Collegium Civitas, a college in Poland
 Baltimore Civitas Middle/High School, a school in Fairmount, Baltimore City

Creative works
 Civitas Londinum, the formal title of the 16th-century Woodcut map of London
 Sancta Civitas, a 20th-century oratorio by Ralph Vaughan Williams
 Civitas Dei, a book by St. Augustine

Places
 Civitas Tungrorum, a Roman administrative district now in Belgium
 Civitas Tropaensium, a Roman castrum now in Romania
 Civitas Equestrium, the original name of Nyon, Switzerland
 Civitas Bernanensium, the original name of Lescar, France
 Civitas Schinesghe, a medieval Latin name for Poland
 Civitas Silvanectium, the Latin name from various communities named Senlis in France

See also
 Civita (disambiguation)
Estanys de Baiau

Estanys de Baiau () is a pair of lakes in Catalonia, Spain approximately 1 kilometre from the border with Andorra. The lakes are surrounded by several notable Pyrenean mountains, including Pic de Baiau and Coma Pedrosa—the highest mountain in Andorra—to the east, and Pic de Sanfonts to the south. They are both drained by Riu de Baiau, a tributary of the Barranc d'Arcalís.

The hiking path GR 11 follows the northern side of the lakes, passing Refugi de Baiau, before splitting in GR11.1 taking the easier path north of Pic de Comapedrosa, or GR11 for a steep 300m climb up loose rocks to Port de Baiau at 2800m where there is a sidepath to the top of Pic de Comapedrosa, or continue for a then easier hiking path down to Arinsal passing Refugi de Comapedrosa.

References

Baiau
Andorra–Spain border
Baiau
Canada (Minister of Justice) v Borowski

Canada (Minister of Justice) v Borowski, [1981] 2 S.C.R. 575 is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision on the standard for allowing public interests to gain standing to challenge a law. The Court developed what is known as the Borowski test for public interest standing.

Background
Joseph Borowski was a prominent anti-abortion activist in Saskatchewan who wanted to challenge the abortion provisions under section 251(4), (5), and (6) of the Criminal Code as violations to right to life in the Canadian Bill of Rights.

In a seven to two decision the Court found that Borowski had standing to challenge the law.

Reasons of the court
Justice Martland, wrote the decision for the majority. Martland's reasoning was largely based on the previous decision of Thorson v. Attorney General of Canada, [1975] 1 S.C.R. 138. He stated that a plaintiff seeking a declaration to invalidate a law must show that they are directly affected by it, or have a genuine interest as a citizen and there be no reasonable and effective alternative means to challenge the law.

Borowski was found to meet this requirement as it would be difficult to bring such an issue to court without having an interest group make a challenge.

Commentary
The test was later re-articulated more narrowly in the decision of Canadian Council of Churches v. Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration), [1992] 1 S.C.R. 236.

See also
 List of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Laskin Court)
 Borowski v. Canada (Attorney General), [1989]

External links
 

Standing (law)
Canadian constitutional case law
Supreme Court of Canada cases
1981 in Canadian case law
Mikhail Kozlovsky

Mikhail Ivanovich Kozlovsky (6 November 1753 – 30 September 1802) was a Russian Neoclassical sculptor active during the Age of Enlightenment.

Biography 
Beginning his training at the Imperial Academy of Arts with Anton Losenko in 1764, he went to Rome in 1774 and then to Paris in 1779. Although his early works harked back to the Baroque sensibility, Kozlovsky eventually succeeded in adapting his manner to Neoclassical monumentality. In 1788, he returned to Paris with the task of superintending Russian students abroad. He was appointed a professor at the Academy of Arts in 1794 and instructed young sculptors in St Petersburg until his death.

Among his classicizing works was the awesome gilt bronze statue of Samson Rending the Lion's Jaws (1800–1802), a central piece of the Grand Cascade at Peterhof Palace, symbolizing Russia's victory over Sweden in the Great Northern War. After it was looted by the invading Germans, a replacement statue was installed in 1947. Another masterpiece is the Suvorov Monument, an expressive bronze sculpture of Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov in the guise of youthful Mars. It was unveiled in the Field of Mars (Saint Petersburg) a year before the sculptor's death.

Works

References

Bibliography

External links 

Neoclassical sculptors
19th-century sculptors from the Russian Empire
19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire
18th-century sculptors from the Russian Empire
Russian male sculptors
1753 births
1802 deaths
Burials at Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)
List of mountain bike areas and trails in the United Kingdom



England
Aston Hill Mountain Bike Area
Bedgebury Forest
Cannock Chase
Dalby Forest
Esher Shore
Eastridge Woods Trail Center
Exmoor
Cannop Cycle Centre, Forest of Dean
Guisborough
Hamsterley
Lee Quarry, Bacup
Penshurst Off Road Cycling (AKA PORC), Kent
Quantock Hills
Queen Elizabeth Country Park, Petersfield, Hampshire
Rowney Warren Mountain Biking
Stainburn
Swinley Forest
Wharncliffe Woods, north of Sheffield, Yorkshire

Scotland
7stanes
Nevis Range, near Fort William

Wales
Afan Argoed
Coed-y-Brenin
Cwm Carn
Brecon Beacons National Park
Llandegla Forest
Llangynog
 The Marin Trail, in Gwydir Forest

See also
 Mountain biking in the United Kingdom

Mountain biking venues in the United Kingdom
Jay Taylor (placekicker)

James "Jay" Taylor (born October 23, 1976) is a former American professional football kicker. He played collegiately for the West Virginia Mountaineers.

High school years
Taylor attended Hershey High School in Hershey, Pennsylvania and starred in football, soccer, and tennis. In football, he was an All-Conference selection.

College career
Taylor attended West Virginia University and was a student and a four-year letterman in football. Taylor played both kicker and punter in his four-year career from 1996 to 1999.

In his sophomore season in 1997, Taylor kicked a career-long 52-yard field goal against Pittsburgh in the Backyard Brawl.

Against Ohio State, as a junior in 1998, Taylor punted for a career-high 410 yards. Against Virginia Tech that same season, Taylor had a career-long 63-yard punt.

Professional career

Miami Dolphins
Jay Taylor was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Miami Dolphins in 2000. Taylor was cut shortly afterwards.

Orlando Rage
He was selected by the Orlando Rage of the XFL in the 2001 XFL Draft, where he played both kicker and punter.

Buffalo Bills
After the XFL season ended, the Buffalo Bills signed him to the preseason roster, primarily as a punter. He lost the competition to Brian Moorman and was waived during the preseason.

Rhein Fire
In 2003, he played for the Rhein Fire of NFL Europe, allocated from the Cleveland Browns.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
He was a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers practice squad in 2004 and was activated by the Bucs that year, playing in 5 games.

Orlando Predators
After being cut by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2005, Taylor was signed by the Orlando Predators of the Arena Football League on June 30, 2006.

Taylor entered the 2008 season as the franchise leader in single-season field goal percentage, career field goal percentage, single-season extra point percentage, career extra point percentage, consecutive extra points made, and consecutive field goals made. He also won the 2004 Kicker of the Year award with the Predators.

References

External links
 Orlando Predators profile
 Profile at ArenaFan
 Stats at DatabaseFootball.com
 http://browns.scout.com/a.z?s=149&p=8&c=1&nid=610803 Brown's profile at Scout.com

1976 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Hershey, Pennsylvania
American football placekickers
American football punters
West Virginia Mountaineers football players
Orlando Rage players
Rhein Fire players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Orlando Predators players
Players of American football from Dauphin County, Pennsylvania
Xelha (disambiguation)

Xelha or Xel-Ha may refer to:
 Xelha, an archaeological site of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, located on the eastern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico
 Xel-Ha Park, a commercial water theme park and ecotourism facility in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico
 Xelha, a character in the video game Baten Kaitos: Eternal Wings and the Lost Ocean
Keith Dorney

Keith Robert Dorney (born December 3, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL) from 1979 to 1987.  

He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions, earning consensus All-American honors in 1978. In the 1979 NFL Draft, Dorney was selected in the first round by the Detroit Lions, where he played for his entire professional career.

Early life and education
Dorney was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania. He grew up in Macungie, Pennsylvania in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. He played high school football at Emmaus High School in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, which competed in the East Penn Conference and is known for its success in producing collegiate and NFL football talent. 

In his autobiography, Black and Honolulu Blue: In the Trenches of the NFL, Dorney dramatically recounts playing for Emmaus, including one play in which he simultaneously tackled the opposing quarterback and running back during a handoff in a goal line stand. It resulted in a serious concussion that produced some minor anterograde amnesia.

College career
Dorney attended Pennsylvania State University, where he played for coach Joe Paterno's Nittany Lions football team from 1975 through 1978. 

As a senior in 1978, Dorney was recognized as both a consensus first-team All-American and an Academic All-American.  He earned a Bachelor of Science in insurance and real estate from Penn State in 1979, and a Master of Education from the University of San Francisco. In 2005, in tribute of his play at Penn State, Dorney was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.

National Football League
Following his Penn State football career, Dorney entered the 1979 NFL Draft and was selected by the Detroit Lions in the first round with the 10th overall selection. He played in the NFL for nine years, from 1979 to 1987, and played both offensive guard and offensive tackle for the Lions. 

Dorney was also the offensive captain of the Detroit Lions from 1983 to 1987 and was selected to the 1982 Pro Bowl.

Dorney's NFL career was highlighted by his role as a lead blocker for NFL rushing great Billy Sims, who rushed for 5,106 yards over his five-year career with the Lions.

Personal life
Dorney's autobiography, Black and Honolulu Blue: In the Trenches of the NFL, chronicles his life and football career.

From 2003 to 2006, Dorney was on the faculty of Cardinal Newman High School in Santa Rosa, California, where he taught freshman English. Dorney and Hall of Fame quarterback Joe Montana both provided Cardinal Newman with periodic coaching support.

References

External links
 
Keith Dorney at Pro-Football-Reference.com

1957 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American football offensive linemen
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
Detroit Lions players
Emmaus High School alumni
National Conference Pro Bowl players
Penn State Nittany Lions football players
Players of American football from Allentown, Pennsylvania
University of San Francisco alumni