Armas Järnefelt

Edvard Armas Järnefelt (14 August 1869 – 23 June 1958), was a Finnish conductor and composer, who achieved some minor success with his orchestral works  (1904) and Praeludium (1900). He spent much of his conducting career at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, Sweden.

Life
Armas Järnefelt was born in Vyborg, in the Grand Duchy of Finland, the son of General August Aleksander Järnefelt and Elisabeth Järnefelt (née Clodt von Jürgensburg). 

Järnefelt studied with Ferruccio Busoni in Helsinki and with Jules Massenet in Paris. Both Järnefelt and Busoni enjoyed a close relationship with Jean Sibelius, who was married to Järnefelt's sister Aino.  From 1905 Järnefelt had a long career as conductor at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, beginning as repetiteur from 1905 to 1911 (he became a Swedish citizen in 1909); conductor 1911-1923 and chief conductor 1923–1933.
	
Between 1932 and 1936 Järnefelt was the artistic director and conductor of the Finnish National Opera. He presented, among others, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung from Wagner's Ring cycle, and Parsifal. He was principal conductor of the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra 1942–1943, and also returned to the Royal Swedish Opera as chief conductor from 1938 to 1946. He died in Stockholm.

Works

Järnefelt's musical works include:

 Lyrical Overture (1892)
 Lapsuuden ajoilta (Childhood Days, 1892) 4-hand piano
 Serenade for Small Orchestra in B minor (1893)
 Symphonic poem Korsholma (Korsholm, 1894)
 Symphonic Fantasy for orchestra (1895)
 Symphonic poem Heimathklang (The Sound of Home, 1895)
 3 Piano Pieces Op.4 (1897)
 Suite in E-flat major for orchestra (1897)
 Finnish Rhapsody (1899) 
 Praeludium (1900)
 Festive Overture (1902) 
  (1904)

In addition, he composed more than 70 solo songs, 21 pieces for male chorus, 12 part-songs for mixed chorus, and 13 cantatas.  His Berceuse (1904) arranged for violin and piano is included in the Royal Conservatory of Music grade 7 violin repertoire (Canada).
 
Järnefelt also wrote stage and film music, e.g. for the film Song of the Scarlet Flower (1919), directed by Mauritz Stiller, possibly the first original film music by a Nordic composer.

Family life
His siblings were , a critic and translator of Russian literature; the writer Arvid Järnefelt (the incidental music for his play Kuolema was written by Jean Sibelius); the painter Eero Järnefelt (Erik); Ellida; Ellen, Aino (who married Sibelius); Hilja; and Sigrid. 

He was married twice: firstly to the soprano Maikki Järnefelt (née Pakarinen) from 1893 to 1908 (she subsequently married Selim Palmgren), and secondly in 1910 to the opera singer Liva Edström.

Legacy
In June 2012 a display of Järnefelt paraphernalia was opened in the entrance of the Sibelius Academy situated in the Helsinki Music Center.

References

External links
 

1869 births
1958 deaths
Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery
Finnish classical composers
Finnish conductors (music)
Finnish male classical composers
Finnish emigrants to Sweden
Finnish people of German descent
Litteris et Artibus recipients
Naturalized citizens of Sweden
People from Viipuri Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
Musicians from Vyborg
Swedish classical composers
Swedish conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Swedish male classical composers
19th-century Finnish nobility