alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Gisleham

Gisleham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Suffolk. It is on the edge of Lowestoft, around  south-west of the town centre. The parish is in the East Suffolk district, situated between Carlton Colville and Kessingland.

The parish had a population of 778 at the 2011 United Kingdom census. The main A12 road cuts through the eastern portion of the parish close to the North Sea coast. The coastal section of the parish to the east of the main road has developed as a series of holiday parks, including a large Pontins park. The parish extends south as far as the Hundred River where it borders Henstead with Hulver Street and Rushmere parishes.

History
The place name of Gisleham derives from the Old English gysla and ham, meaning "Gysla's Village".

Gisleham Manor is a moated site dating to the 13th-century. A house once existed that was enclosed within the moats, and is likely to have been a fortified manor house. The house and associated buildings no longer exist.The site is a scheduled monument.

The lordship of Gisleham Manor was held by a number of families in succession.

Culture and community
Residential development at Bloodmoor Hill on the edge of Carlton Colville has led to a rapid growth in the parish population since the 1980s when it stood at 456. The South Lowestoft Industrial Estate, including a number of large retail stores, has also been built where the parish borders Pakefield on the southern edge of Lowestoft.

The traditional area of the village is centred around the parish church and extends in a linear style. It includes an area of housing at Black Street in the south of the parish and development to the north around the site of the former Gisleham Middle School. This was closed in 2011 as part of a reorganisation of schools in parts of Suffolk, and is now the site of Carlton Colville Primary School.

Holy Trinity church 
Holy Trinity church is one of around 40 round-tower churches in Suffolk. The church has a late Saxon or early Norman round base topped with a 15th-century octagonal brick crown. The medieval church was restored in 1861 and 1887, and the chancel in 1902 to 1908. It is a Grade I listed building.

Notes

References

External links

Website with photos of Gisleham Holy Trinity, a round-tower church

Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Waveney District
Argentine peso moneda corriente

The peso moneda corriente was a non-convertible Argentine paper currency which circulated between 9 January 1826, and 4 November 1881. It was worth eight reales. Its symbol was $m/c. It was also known as the peso papel (paper money).

It was also known by the name of the peso papel as opposed to the Peso Fuerte ($F) and the gold or silver coins of previous issues. It circulated almost exclusively in the Buenos Aires Province, since in the interior of the country only metallic coins were used during that time, such as the old Bolivian silver peso, and also, to a lesser extent, coins from other countries. “It was the role of the province of Buenos Aires –or current currency- that really imposed the monetary practices, evicting silver and gold from circulation.”

Overview 
The peso moneda corriente was not the first paper money issued in Argentina as the Banco de Buenos Aires had already issued paper money in 1822, but it was convertible into cash. The inconvertibility decreed in January 1826 was due to the economic problems caused by the War in Brazil. There was an exception: the period from January 3, 1867 to May 17, 1876 in which it was convertible at the rate of $m/c 25 = $F 1 at the Exchange Office of the Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. The return of inconvertibility was due to the exchange rate run caused by the crisis of the 70s. gold first and the strong peso later.

The peso moneda corriente was introduced at par with the peso fuerte ($F) but was devalued several times during its life. In the period from 3 January 1867 to 17 May 1876, the peso moneda corriente could be converted to gold, at the rate  25 = , in the Oficina de Cambios (exchange office) of the Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. The office closed in 1876 because the people exchanged pesos for gold in large quantities. The peso moneda corriente was replaced by the peso moneda nacional at the rate of 25 pesos moneda corriente = 1 peso moneda nacional.

During the period the peso moneda corriente was in use, currencies from other countries were also used (especially the Bolivian boliviano).

The peso moneda corriente was replaced by the "Peso Oro Sellado" or gold weight at a rate of $m/c 25 = o$s 1 as of November 1881, at that time also equal to the Argentine peso moneda nacional. Article 13 of Law 1,130 -which established the gold weight- mandated that "Issuing Banks that exist in the Republic must, within two years of enactment of this Law, renew all their issuance in banknotes, to national currency".

Banknotes 
Source:

Banco de Buenos Ayres issues

Banco Nacional de la Provincias Unidas issues

Casa de Moneda de Buenos Ayres issues 
Banknotes issued during the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas (1835–1852). They included the legend "Viva la Federación".

Casa de Moneda de Buenos Ayres issues 
A second series was issued during the government of Rosas. The legend ""Viva la Confederación Argentina... Mueran los Salvajes Unitarios" was introduced.

References

External links

 Base de datos de Rodolfo Frank - El valor de la moneda (MS-Word document)

Peso moneda corriente
1826 establishments in Argentina
1881 disestablishments
Scots College

Scots College or Scots School may refer to:

Catholic seminaries
 Scots College, Paris, France, (founded 1325)
 Scots College, Douai, France, (founded 1573)
 Scots College, Rome, Italy, (founded 1600), also known as The Pontifical Scots College
 Royal Scots College, Spain (founded 1627)

Other establishments

Argentina

Australia
 Scots College (Sydney), in Bellevue Hill, Sydney
 Scots PGC College, in Warwick, Queensland, formed by the merger of The Scots College, Warwick and The Presbyterian Girls' College
 Scots School Albury, New South Wales
 Scots School, Bathurst, New South Wales

France
Collège des Écossais, Montpellier ('Scots College')
Scots College (Paris)

New Zealand
 Scots College, Wellington

See also
Bombay Scottish School
Scotch College (disambiguation)
Scots Kirk (disambiguation)
Tanglewood Numbers

Tanglewood Numbers is the fifth studio album by Silver Jews, released in 2005.

Like on all of their other albums, Silver Jews' principal song writer and constant band member is David Berman. On this album fourteen other musicians are involved in the performance and creation.
Tanglewood Numbers marked the return of Pavement members Stephen Malkmus and Bob Nastanovich into Silver Jews. Malkmus had last appeared on American Water while Nastanovich had last appeared on the band's debut album Starlite Walker. Cassie Berman, David Berman's then wife, also appears, as does Will Oldham.

The album's cover is a photograph by famed Southern photographer William Eggleston.

Background
In the four years between Bright Flight and Tanglewood Numbers, Silver Jews frontman David Berman had suffered from substance abuse, depression and a suicide attempt. However, Berman was able to rehabilitate and he became more deeply involved into his Jewish faith.

During its recording, Tanglewood Numbers was nearly destroyed in a fire that burned down Memphis' historic Easley-McCain studio, where the album was going to be mastered.

Reception

Tanglewood Numbers has received mostly positive reviews. According to Metacritic, the album has a score of 81 out of 100, based on 32 critics reviews, indicating "Universal acclaim."

Giving the album a 4.5 out of 5 stars, Heather Phares of Allmusic, in references to Berman's past problem, wrote "Hopefully the circumstances around Tanglewood Numbers will never repeat themselves, but there's no denying that this is a uniquely powerful and moving set of songs." Popmatters' Josh Berquist also gave the album a positive review, writing "Even if it’s not their finest work, it certainly feels like it is. There is a visceral vitality to Tanglewood Numbers that has never inhabited any album prior."

In a more mixed review, Dusted Reviews' Nathan Hogan criticized Berman's less prominent vocals, writing "...Berman’s a brilliant lyricist with 30 or 40 minutes to spare every couple of years, and his voice seems oddly absent from this record." However, Hogan concluded his review with "In the end, disliking Tanglewood Numbers leaves me feeling a bit like one of the schlubs who groused about Dylan going electric... I suppose it’s possible this record’s a grower. For the time being, that’s the best there is to say about it."

Track listing

Personnel
The following people contributed to Tanglewood Numbers:

Silver Jews

 David Berman
 Brian Kotzur
 Mike Fellows
 Stephen Malkmus
 Bob Nastanovich
 Cassie Berman
 Tony Crow
 Paz Lenchantin
 Azita Youssefi

 Bobby Bare, Jr.
 Will Oldham
 Duane Denison
 Pete Cummings
 William Tyler
 John St. West

Recording personnel
 Joe Funderburk - Mixing
 David Henry - Vocal Engineer
 Mark Nevers - Engineer
 Roger Seibel - Mastering

Additional personnel
 Alexander Graham Bell - Drawing
 William Eggleston - Photography
 Gerônimo - Drawing
 Jessica Jackson Hutchins - Drawing

Charts

References

2005 albums
Silver Jews albums
Drag City (record label) albums
Benjamin Tett

Benjamin Tett (Feb 14, 1798 - May 15, 1878) was an Ontario businessman and political figure. He represented Leeds South as a Conservative member of the 1st Parliament of Ontario.

He was born in Hinton St. George in England in 1798, the son of John Tett who manufactured cloth for ships' sails, and came to Perth, Upper Canada in 1820, later moving to Newboro. He served on the district council of the Johnstown District representing North Crosby. Around 1830, he set up a sawmill north of Kingston at Bedford Mills, anticipating the completion of the Rideau Canal. In partnership with the Chaffey family and others, he established a booming timber business in the area. He also constructed a gristmill and opened a general store. In 1833, he married Julianna Poole. Tett ran unsuccessfully in Leeds for a seat in the legislative assembly of Upper Canada in 1838. He was again unsuccessful when he ran for the South Leeds seat in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in 1854 but went on to represent South Leeds in the assembly from 1858 to 1863. In 1863, he was defeated by Albert Norton Richards for the same seat. Tett also served as a justice of the peace.

His daughter Elizabeth married doctor Robert Henry Preston, who later represented South Leeds in the provincial assembly. His great-grandson John Tett is the namesake of Kingston's Tett Centre for Creativity and Learning.

External links 
 History of Leeds and Grenville, Thaddeus William Henry Leavitt
The Canadian parliamentary companion : first year HJ Morgan (1862)
Member's parliamentary history for the Legislative Assembly of Ontario

1798 births
1878 deaths
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs
Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from Canada West
Pre-Confederation Canadian businesspeople
English emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario
Politicians from Somerset
People from Leeds and Grenville United Counties
Immigrants to Upper Canada
Jim Cox (Australian politician)

James Glennister Cox  (born 1 October 1945) is a former Tasmanian Labor politician and member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly who represented the electorate of Bass. He held office from 1989 to 1992, and again from 1996 to 2010.

Before entering Parliament, Cox co-hosted The Saturday Night Show on TNT-9 with Graeme Goodings and was a radio announcer in northern Tasmania.  Cox won Logie Awards for most popular male on Tasmanian television in 1979 and 1981.

Cox ran in the 1989 Tasmanian state election. He defeated Labor incumbent Gill James and was seated in the House of Assembly.

In 1989, Tasmanian media magnate Edmund Rouse, Chairman of forestry enterprise Gunns, attempted to bribe Cox with $110,000 to cross the floor of parliament in an attempt to prevent Labor forming government in alliance with the five Green Independents, and attempting to secure the return of the pro-logging Liberal Party government of Robin Gray. Cox reported the bribery attempt to police, and ultimately Rouse served 18 months in jail.

James ran against Cox again in 1992, defeating him. In 1996, Cox ran against, and defeated, Tasmanian Green Lance Armstrong. Cox was re-elected again in the 2002 and 2006 elections. He did not run in the 2010 elections and retired.

Cox was made a member of the Order of Australia in 2017.

References

External links

Jim Cox's maiden speech to parliament

1945 births
Living people
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian radio presenters
Australian television presenters
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
21st-century Australian politicians
Members of the Order of Australia
Andreas Kofler

Andreas Kofler (born 17 May 1984) is an Austrian former ski jumper.

Career 

Andreas Kofler grew up in Tyrol, in the Austrian Alps. He is a member of the ski jumping club SV Innsbruck-Bergisel, together with Gregor Schlierenzauer.

Kofler won his first individual competition in the World Cup on 4 February 2006. Two days later, he came in second place in the team competition. At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, Kofler won the silver medal in the individual competition, finishing only 0.1 points behind Thomas Morgenstern, his teammate on the squad with whom he would later win the Olympic gold medal in the team competition. At the Nordic Ski World Championships 2007 in Sapporo, Japan, Kofler won the gold medal in the team competition and finished in sixth place in the individual competition. At the end of the season, he arrived in second place at the Nordic Tournament, beaten only by Adam Małysz.

After starting well into the 2007/08 season, finishing in second place behind Morgenstern twice, Kofler crashed twice during competitions, in Engelberg and in Oberstdorf. Despite not being seriously injured, Kofler struggled to shake off his poor form for this and the next season.

In the 2009-2010, Kofler came in third place in Engelberg, ending his bad streak. During the same season, Kofler managed to win the prestigious Four Hills Tournament, ahead of Janne Ahonen and Wolfgang Loitzl, after winning the first event of the tournament in Oberstdorf. Kofler could not meet expectations in the first event (on the normal hill) of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, coming in 19th place. Nonetheless, he finished in fourth place on the large hill, only one point from the podium, and won the team competition with his teammates Wolfgang Loitzl, Thomas Morgenstern and Gregor Schlierenzauer—his second Olympic gold medal after 2006.

During the 2010/11 season, Kofler recorded three individual wins, including the first event of the season in Kuusamo, Finland.

Despite a training deficit due to back problems related to his spinal discs, Kofler started the 2011/12 season by winning the first two events, which took place in Lillehammer, Norway.

World Cup

Standings

Wins

Personal life 

In 2007, Andreas Kofler started a four-year formation to become a member of the Austrian police force, as part of a program for competitive athletes. In May 2011, Kofler passed his final examinations and hence concluded his formation.
His hobbies include telemark skiing, football, surfing and climbing.
Andreas Kofler currently resides in Thaur, Tyrol.

References

External links 

  

1984 births
Austrian male ski jumpers
Living people
Olympic gold medalists for Austria
Olympic silver medalists for Austria
Olympic ski jumpers for Austria
Ski jumpers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Ski jumpers at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Skiers from Innsbruck
Olympic medalists in ski jumping
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in ski jumping
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
21st-century Austrian people
Eisenhower State Park

Eisenhower State Park is the name of two state parks in the United States:

Eisenhower State Park (Kansas), a state park in Kansas
Eisenhower State Park (Texas), a state park in Texas
Lambert McKenna

Lambert McKenna S.J. ( (16 July 1870 – 27 December 1956) was a Jesuit priest and writer.

He was born Andrew Joseph Lambert McKenna in Clontarf, and studied in Europe. He collected and edited religious and folk poetry in the Irish language. Working with the Irish Texts Society, he edited the famous Contention of the bards and many anthologies of Irish bardic poetry and historical works. He was an editor of the Irish Monthly and An Timire. He also served as principal of Belvedere College.

He was awarded an honorary Doctorate for his contribution to Celtic Studies (D. Litt. Celt) by UCD in 1947 on the same day that Jack Butler Yeats was also awarded an honorary Doctorate. McKenna was a committed social reformer and an outspoken critic of capitalism. In the first tract of his book The Church and Labour (1914) he wrote:"The wealthy few now rule the world. They have done so before, but never precisely in virtue of their wealth. They were patriarchs, patricians, chieftains of clans, feudal nobles acknowledging responsibilities and bearing heavy burdens. Today wealth making no sacrifices for the public good, rules in its own right, and exercises a more despotic sway than any form of authority hitherto known. It has armies and fleets at command. It has myriads of placemen, or would-be placemen, in utter dependence. It is highly centralised, and can exert a great power at any point. It can at any moment cast thousands of households into intolerable misery. Yet, though centralised, it is not open to attack. It does not, as the kings of old, dwell in castles that can be stormed by an angry people. On the contrary it stands as the embodiment of legality, order, security, peace—even of popular will. Capitalism, using the work of the labouring classes, has vastly increased the wealth of the world; yet it strives to prevent these labouring classes from benefiting by this increase. It is constantly drawing up into itself that wealth and diverting it from useful purposes."

Works
English-Irish Phrase Dictionary (1911)
The Church and Labour:Series of Six Tracts (1913–14)
Dánta do chum Aonghus Fionn Ó Dálaigh (1919)
Iomarbháigh na bhfileadh (1918–20)
The Social Teachings of James Connolly (1920)
Dán Dé (1922)
Life and Work of Rev. Aloysius Cullen S.J. (1924)
Philip Bocht Ó hUiginn (1931)
English-Irish Dictionary (1935)
Dioghluim Dána (1938)
Athdioghluim Dána (1939–40)
Bardic Syntactical Tracts (1944)
Leabhar Méig Shamhradháin (1947)
Leabhar Í Eadhra (1951)

References

External links
 

1870 births
1956 deaths
20th-century Irish Jesuits
Irish scholars and academics
Linguists from Ireland
Irish lexicographers
Christian clergy from County Dublin
People educated at Belvedere College
Place of death missing
Writers from County Dublin
People from Clontarf, Dublin
Mădăras

Mădăras (; ) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania, 3 km from Salonta, located nearby the Hungarian border - on the European road E671, and the Körös River canal. In 2011, it had 2,828 inhabitants. The commune Hungarian name means "fowler", the Romanian name derives from that as well. It is composed of four villages: Homorog (Oláhhomorog), Ianoșda (Jánosd), Marțihaz (Marciháza) and Mădăras.

Homorog has a Romanian Orthodox church; built in the 1830s, it is decorated with a valuable mural from the 1840s.

References 

Communes in Bihor County
Localities in Crișana
Slovak communities in Romania
Madaras

Madaras () is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, Hungary.

Populated places in Bács-Kiskun County
Places in Bačka
David Sylvester

Anthony David Bernard Sylvester  (21 September 1924 – 19 June 2001) was a British art critic and curator. Although he received no formal education in the arts, during his long career he was influential in promoting modern artists, in particular Francis Bacon, Joan Miró, and Lucian Freud.

Life and career
Born in London, his father was a Russian-Jewish antiques dealer. Sylvester had trouble as a student at University College School and was thrown out of the family home. He wrote for the paper Tribune and went to Paris in 1947 where he met Alberto Giacometti, one of the strongest influences on him.

Sylvester is credited with coining the term kitchen sink originally to describe a strand of post-war British painting typified by John Bratby. Sylvester used the phrase negatively but it was widely applied to other art forms including literature and theatre.

During the 1950s, Sylvester worked with Henry Moore, Freud and Bacon but also supported Richard Hamilton and the other "Young Turks" of British Pop art. This led him to become a prominent media figure in the 1960s. During the 1960s and 1970s Sylvester occupied a number of roles at the Arts Council of Great Britain serving on advisory panels and on the main panel.  He was also a trustee of the Tate Gallery, among a number of such positions. In 1969, he curated a Renoir exhibition at the Hayward Gallery for which he was assisted by a young Nicholas Serota. During the 1970s, he became interested in and collected early oriental carpets. and in 1983, he co-curated (with Donald King of the Victoria and Albert Museum) an exhibition, The Eastern Carpet in the Western World, at the Hayward Gallery.

Sylvester was awarded a Golden Lion at the 1993 Venice Biennale for curating an exhibition of Francis Bacon's work. He was married to Pamela Briddon (three daughters; marriage dissolved). He was also the father of the artist Cecily Brown with the writer Shena Mackay.

Books
 King, Donald and Sylvester, David eds. The Eastern Carpet in the Western World, From the 15th to the 17th century, Arts Council of Great Britain, London, 1983, 
 David Sylvester "Interviste con artisti americani" Castelvecchi editore, 2012

Notes

External links
 Guardian obituary June 20, 2001
 David Sylvester, 'Interviews with Francis Bacon (1963, 1966, 1979)', The Guardian, 13 September 2007
 John Tusa. 'Interview with David Sylvester', BBC Radio 3
 

1924 births
2001 deaths
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
English art critics
English people of Russian-Jewish descent
People educated at University College School
Coupling (electronics)

In electronics, electric power and telecommunication, coupling is the transfer of electrical energy from one circuit to another, or between parts of a circuit. Coupling can be deliberate as part of the function of the circuit, or it may be undesirable, for instance due to coupling to stray fields.  For example, energy is transferred from a power source to an electrical load by means of conductive coupling, which may be either resistive or direct coupling. An AC potential may be transferred from one circuit segment to another having a DC potential by use of a capacitor. Electrical energy may be transferred from one circuit segment to another segment with different impedance by use of a transformer; this is known as impedance matching. These are examples of electrostatic and electrodynamic inductive coupling.

Types

Electrical conduction:
 Direct coupling, also called conductive coupling and galvanic coupling
 Resistive conduction
 Atmospheric plasma channel coupling

Electromagnetic induction:
 Electrodynamic induction — commonly called inductive coupling, also magnetic coupling
 Capacitive coupling
 Evanescent wave coupling

Electromagnetic radiation:
 Radio waves — Wireless telecommunications.
 Electromagnetic interference (EMI) — Sometimes called radio frequency interference (RFI), is unwanted coupling. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requires techniques to avoid such unwanted coupling, such as electromagnetic shielding.
 Microwave power transmission

Other kinds of energy coupling:
 Acoustic coupler

See also
Antenna noise temperature
Coupling loss
Aperture-to-medium coupling loss
Coupling coefficient of resonators
Directional coupler
Equilibrium length
Fiber-optic coupling
Loading coil
Shield
List of electronics topics
AC Coupling
Impedance matching
Impedance bridging
Decoupling
Crosstalk
Wireless power transfer

References

Communication circuits
Electromagnetic compatibility
Electronics
OGP

OGP may refer to:
 International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, a global forum for petroleum producers
 Open Graph Protocol, enables web developers to integrate their pages into Facebook's social graph.
 Open Graphics Project, open source architecture and standard for graphics cards
 Open Government Partnership, an international organization launched in 2011
Joan Pau Pujol

Joan Pau Pujol (; baptized 18 June 1570 – 17 May 1626) was a Catalan and Spanish composer and organist of the late Renaissance and early Baroque.  While best known for his sacred music, he also wrote popular secular music.

Life
Pujol was born in Mataró.  In 1593 he became the assistant maestro de capilla at the cathedral in Barcelona, but he only held this post for a few months, taking the post of maestro de capilla (master of the chapel) at the cathedral in Tarragona, and then in 1595 at Nuestra Señora del Pilar in Zaragoza, a post which he kept for 17 years.  While in Zaragoza, in 1600, he became a priest.  In 1612 he returned to Barcelona, becoming maestro de capilla at the cathedral, a distinguished post which he held until his death.  Most of his music dates from the time he was in Barcelona.  Evidently a condition of his employment was to produce a fixed quantity of new liturgical music each year.  Unusually for many composers of the time, most of it has survived.

Also while in Barcelona he served as an organ consultant, and helped in various organ building projects in Catalonia.  He died in Barcelona.

Music

Pujol wrote much of his music for the patron saint of Catalonia, St. George, and most of his compositions are based on Gregorian chant.  He was a prolific composer, writing 13 masses, 8 settings of the Magnificat, 6 settings of the Nunc dimittis, 12 antiphons, 12 responsories, 9 complete settings of the Passion, litanies, lamentations, sequences, motets, hymns, and no less than 74 psalm settings.  In addition he wrote 19 sacred villancicos, a form unique to the Iberian peninsula.  Surviving secular music includes romances, letrillas, liras, novenas, tonos, a folia, and 16 other works, some of which were collected in groups of madrigals of the time; they were evidently popular in Spain in the early part of the 17th century.

His missa pro defunctis—the Requiem mass—is a formal and staid setting, contrasting to the intensely emotional setting by his Spanish contemporary Tomás Luis de Victoria, who wrote his at almost exactly the same time.  Its use of cantus firmus technique is conservative, and even archaic; most cantus firmus masses had been written more than a hundred years before.  Yet many of his masses and psalm settings are polychoral, borrowing the style of the contemporary Venetian school; however the musical language is of the late Renaissance, rather than the early Baroque, which was then developing in Italy and Germany.

Sources
Article "Juan Pujol," in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie.  20 vol.  London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980.  
Emilio Ros-Fábregas: "Joan Pau Pujol," Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed February 1, 2005), (subscription access) 
Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance.  New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.

External links
Short biographical sketch

Renaissance composers
Spanish Baroque composers
1570 births
1626 deaths
Composers from Catalonia
Spanish male classical composers
17th-century classical composers
17th-century male musicians
Adrian Lungu

Adrian Lungu (born September 5, 1960) is a Romanian former rugby union player. He played 76 times as a center or wing for the Romanian national team. He is the father of Remus Lungu, who is himself a rugby union international.

Born in Năvodari, Constanța County, Lungu played for CSS Locomotiva Bucuresti, and then for Steaua București with whom he won two SuperLiga titles in 1980, 1981. He also played for Farul Constanţa and Dinamo București. He made his international debut against Italy in 1980. In 1993, Adrian played for Castres when they won the French championship who beat Grenoble 14-11 in the final, in a match decided by an irregular try by Castres' Gary Whetton accorded by the referee, alongside a try scored by Grenoble' Olivier Brouzet, which was denied by the referee as well.

At international level, Lungu took part at the 1987 and 1991 World Cups before retiring at thirty-four at the Rugby World Cup in South Africa. His final game was against Australia on June 3, 1995.

After his retirement, he coached the youth team of Castres.

References

External links

 Adrian Lungu International Statistics

1960 births
Living people
People from Năvodari
Romanian rugby union players
Romanian rugby union coaches
Rugby union wings
Rugby union centres
Castres Olympique players
Romania international rugby union players
Romanian expatriate rugby union players
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in France
Sportspeople from Constanța County
1987 Rugby World Cup players
1991 Rugby World Cup players
1995 Rugby World Cup players
2004–05 División de Honor de Futsal

The 2004–05 season of the División de Honor de Futsal is the 16th season of top-tier futsal in Spain.

Regular season

League table

Playoffs

Championship playoffs

The Finals were broadcast in Spain on TVE2 and Teledeporte.

Relegation playoff

 PSG Móstoles remained in División de Honor.

External links
2004–05 season at lnfs.es

See also
División de Honor de Futsal
Futsal in Spain

Spain
futsal
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Sala seasons
Libertyville

Libertyville is the name of some places in the United States:

Libertyville, Alabama
Libertyville, Illinois, the largest community bearing this name and hometown of Adlai Stevenson II.
Libertyville, Indiana
Libertyville, Iowa
Libertyville, Missouri
Abram William Lauder

Abram William Lauder (June 6, 1834 – February 20, 1884) was a Canadian lawyer and political figure. He represented Grey South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1867 to 1874 and Grey East from 1875 to 1884.

Biography
Lauder was born at Bewcastle in England in 1834, studied in Scotland and later came to Canada West. He taught school for a while, then moved to Toronto, articled in law and was called to the bar in 1864.

In 1856, he and writer Maria Elise Turner Lauder were married. They had one child, the pianist William Waugh Lauder.

In 1871, it was found that one of Lauder's supporters had used bribery to obtain votes. Lauder himself was not implicated, but was unseated as a result and then was reelected in the by-election that followed. Lauder later proved that a government land valuator, John L. Lewis had influenced voters in Proton by promising benefits from a Liberal government; also implicated were Archibald McKellar, Adam Oliver and James Kirkpatrick Kerr, the law partner of Ontario Premier Edward Blake. In 1872, Lauder defended the strike committee of the Toronto Typographical Union against charges brought forward by the Master Printers' Association; Canadian law at the time was not clear on the status of labour organizations.

In 1881, Lauder Township was named in his honor. He died in Toronto in 1884.

References

External links 
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

1834 births
1884 deaths
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs
Canadian Methodists
English emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario
Immigrants to the Province of Canada
Faidherbe

Faidherbe may refer to:

 Faidherbe (train), a former train in France
 ST Faidherbe, a Senegalese tugboat

People with the surname
 Henri Brosselard-Faidherbe (1855–1893), French military officer and explorer, the stepson of Louis Faidherbe
 Louis Faidherbe (1818–1889), French general and Governor of Senegal
Grant Heslov

Grant Heslov (born May 15, 1963) is an American actor and filmmaker known for his producing and writing collaborations with George Clooney, which have earned him four Oscar nominations. As a co-producer of Argo (2012), he received the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2013. As an actor, he has appeared in films including True Lies (1994), Black Sheep (1996), Enemy of the State (1998) and The Scorpion King (2002), as well as performing supporting roles in several films made with Clooney.

Personal life
Heslov was born in Los Angeles, California, and was raised in its Palos Verdes area. His father, Arthur Heslov, was a dentist, and his mother, Jerrie (née Rosen), a businesswoman. He has two older brothers, Steven and Michael. Heslov is Jewish.

He attended Palos Verdes High School, then the University of Southern California . He is a member of Phi Kappa Psi.

Heslov is married to Lysa Hayland-Heslov, a producer.

Career
Heslov's acting credits include the films True Lies, Dante's Peak, Enemy of the State, The Scorpion King, Good Night and Good Luck, Congo, Black Sheep, and Catch Me If You Can. He has also appeared in such TV series as Murder, She Wrote, Happy Days, Family Ties, Spencer, Mama's Family, L.A. Law, Matlock, Sleeper Cell and The X-Files.

In August 2006, Heslov and George Clooney started Smokehouse Pictures and began writing screenplays for production. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay (with Clooney) and as producer for Best Film for Good Night, and Good Luck. Heslov also appears in the film as Don Hewitt, the director of the TV series See It Now, around which the movie is centered. He directed a screen adaptation of The Men Who Stare at Goats, starring Clooney, Ewan McGregor, Jeff Bridges, and Kevin Spacey and co-produced The American starring Clooney in 2012. He also worked on 2011's The Ides of March. In June 2012, he was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

In 2013, Heslov, alongside Clooney and Ben Affleck, won the Academy Award for Best Picture for Argo (2012). The three men also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama and the BAFTA Award for Best Film.

Heslov directed the first and fifth episodes of the 2019 miniseries Catch-22, on which he was also executive producer.

Filmography

Executive producer
 Playground (2009) (Documentary)
 The Art of Political Murder (2020) (Documentary)
 Ticket to Paradise (2022)
 How to Build a Truth Engine (2023) (Documentary)
 Untitled Ohio State Scandal Project (Documentary)

Acting roles

Awards and nominations

References

External links
 
 

1963 births
Living people
Male actors from Los Angeles
American male film actors
American male screenwriters
American male television actors
Film producers from California
Jewish American male actors
People from Palos Verdes, California
Filmmakers who won the Best Film BAFTA Award
Producers who won the Best Picture Academy Award
USC School of Dramatic Arts alumni
Golden Globe Award-winning producers
Best Screenplay AACTA International Award winners
Screenwriters from California
21st-century American Jews
Humanist Association of Ireland

The Humanist Association of Ireland (HAI) is a Republic of Ireland secular humanist organisation that was founded in 1993 to promote Humanism, which they describe as: 
an ethical philosophy of life, based on a concern for humanity in general, and for human individuals in particular. This view of life combines reason with compassion. It is for those people who base their interpretation of existence on the evidence of the natural world and its evolution, and not on belief in supernatural power. It hosts an annual lecture, usually at Trinity College Dublin, to mark Darwin Day and holds regular public meetings.

The HAI is also active in providing Humanist alternatives to traditional wedding, baptism and funeral ceremonies.

The HAI is a member organisation of the European Humanist Federation and is affiliated with the International Humanist and Ethical Union (IHEU). The official symbol of the HAI is the Happy Human.

Owen Sheehy-Skeffington, son of Francis Sheehy-Skeffington, helped to set up the organisation.

In April 2009 the Association started an advertising campaign on the DART against religious oaths of office for Irish judges and presidents.

Dick Spicer, the then chairman, has criticised the educational system, claiming that it discriminates against non-believers. He resigned as chairman of the board of HAI in July 2010.

In November 2010 the Association objected to a pilot programme called "Goodness me, Goodness you" on the grounds that it separated children into believers and non-believers at an early age. They said that faith classes should take place outside school hours.

See also
 Humanism Ireland
 Irreligion in the Republic of Ireland
 Secularism in the Republic of Ireland

References

External links
Humanist Association of Ireland website
Archive of articles published by HAI members
Mid-west Branch

Ireland
Political organisations based in the Republic of Ireland
European Humanist Federation
Atheism in Ireland
Atheist organizations
1993 establishments in Ireland
Organizations established in 1993
Secular humanism
Belfast Exposed

Belfast Exposed is a photography gallery in  Belfast, established in 1983. It was Northern Ireland's first dedicated photographic gallery and in 2018 Sean O'Hagan in The Guardian described it as "the key independent space for contemporary photography" there. Belfast Exposed houses a 20×7 m gallery for the exhibition of contemporary photography, digital archive browsing facilities, a spacious black and white photographic darkroom and a digital editing suite in its Donegall Street premises.

It was established "to challenge and subvert media representations of the Troubles-torn city". The gallery has focused on the production of socially and politically engaged work, the development and exhibition of community photography. Training is used to encourage local communities to use photography to record and understand their environment.

Belfast Exposed hosts an archive of half a million images, which were to be published online in a digital archive by March 2004.

The gallery is used as a venue during both the Belfast Film Festival and the Belfast Festival at Queen's.

References

External links

Culture in Belfast
Buildings and structures in Belfast
Art museums and galleries in Northern Ireland
Photography museums and galleries in Northern Ireland
Tourist attractions in Belfast
Art galleries established in 1983
1983 establishments in Northern Ireland
Degrassi (band)

Degrassi is a Scottish indie rock band.

Degrassi are based in Edinburgh. The band formed in late 1999, with the initial line-up consisting of Scott Smith (guitar) and Michael Branagh (drums/vocals) with Stephen McColl and Stuart Turner on guitar and bass.
They recorded a session in 2001 which was aired on BBC Radio 1's Evening Session, and were subsequently invited to perform a Peel session at Maida Vale. By this point, McColl had left the band as work commitments forced a move to New York and then London, however he played on two of the four tracks recorded at Maida Vale. Bass guitar on the remaining tracks was played by  Chris Bathgate, formerly touring guitarist for Ganger, and latterly live bassist for Arab Strap and now frontman for Edinburgh outfit Sans Trauma.
Soon after this Peel Session, Chris Bathgate took on guitar and additional vocal duties and Tom Nicol was recruited  on bass to help the duo of Branagh and Smith. Shortly thereafter, Bathgate departed and the band welcomed Bob Fairfoull, formerly of Idlewild on bass guitar.

The line up of Michael Branagh and Scott Smith with Tom Nicol and Chris Bathgate released the 'Terminal Ocean' E.P. on SL Records in 2002 and were thereafter for a brief period accompanied by Paul "The Fingers" Phillips (Sans Trauma) incorporating keyboards into the following tours and live shows.

The  line up of Scott Smith (guitar/vocals), Michael Branagh (drums/vocals) and Bob Fairfoull (bass) with Tom Nicol (guitar/vocals) recorded an E.P for SL Records 2003's 'The Form' and the 'Tell Charles I'm on my way' 3 track single on the Adorno Records label in 2005.

Signing to SL Records, they played a second Peel Session for the BBC at Maida Vale as part of an SL Records showcase. Degrassi have also appeared at T in the Park three times and played with bands such as Seafood, The 80s Matchbox B-line Disaster, Colour of Fire, The Coral, Faust and Wayne Kramer of MC5 fame. 

The band took a break in 2005 to pursue other ventures and the classic line up of Bob Fairfoull, Michael Branagh and Scott Smith re-formed in May 2006. 

Their initial recordings were supported by funding from the Scottish Arts Council, and were produced by Michael Brennan, who previously worked with Super Furry Animals and Mogwai.

Discography

Singles and EPs
Terminal Ocean (2002)
The Form (2003)
Tell Charles I'm on My Way (2004)

Scottish rock music groups
Babinet

Babinet is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Gilles Babinet (born 1967), French entrepreneur
 Jacques Babinet (1794–1872), French scientist
 Rémi Babinet (born 1957), French creative director

Other uses
 Babinet–Soleil compensator
 Babinet's principle, physics theorem
Court of Session Act 1808

The Court of Session Act 1808 (also known as the Administration of Justice (Scotland) Act 1808) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (48 Geo. 3. c. 151) which reformed Scotland's highest court, the Court of Session. Reform of the Court of Session had been proposed as early as 1805 by the Whig government trying to impose a system based on that of England, especially the use of a civil jury trial. That particular government fell before their reform bill was enacted. In 1808, reform was pushed through by a Tory government. The Court was split into two divisions. Judgments of the new divisions could only be appealed to the House of Lords at the leave of the division, or in the case of a dispute between its judges. Decrees of the Lords Ordinary could only be appealed to the House of Lords after being reviews by the Divisional judges. The Act also established a commission to review the processes of the Court of Session, including the possibility of the introduction of jury trial and the creation of permanent Lords Ordinary. The Commissioner's review led to two further Acts, the Court of Session Act 1810 and the Court of Session Act 1813. These two Acts created the existing system of two divisions known as the Outer House and the Inner House. Trial by jury came later with the Jury Trials (Scotland) Act 1815.

It was repealed by the Court of Session Act 1988

References

1808 in British law
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning Scotland
Court of Session
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1808
1808 in Scotland
Repealed United Kingdom Acts of Parliament
Ridged mirror

In atomic physics, a ridged mirror (or ridged atomic mirror, or Fresnel diffraction mirror) is a kind of atomic mirror, designed for the specular reflection of neutral particles (atoms) coming at a grazing incidence angle. In order to reduce the mean attraction of particles to the surface and increase the reflectivity, this surface has narrow ridges.

Reflectivity of ridged atomic mirrors

Various estimates for the efficiency of quantum reflection of waves from ridged mirror were discussed in the literature. All the estimates explicitly use the de Broglie theory about wave properties of reflected atoms.

Scaling of the van der Waals force
The ridges enhance the quantum reflection from the surface, reducing the effective constant  of the van der Waals attraction of atoms to the surface. Such interpretation leads to the estimate of the reflectivity
 ,
where  is width of the ridges,  is distance between ridges,  is grazing angle, and  is wavenumber and  is coefficient of reflection of atoms with wavenumber  from a flat surface at the normal incidence. Such estimate predicts the enhancement of the reflectivity at the increase of period ; this estimate is valid at . See quantum reflection for the approximation (fit) of the function .

Interpretation as Zeno effect
For narrow ridges with large period , the ridges just blocks the part of the wavefront. Then, it can be interpreted in terms of the Fresnel diffraction of the de Broglie wave, or the Zeno effect; such interpretation leads to the estimate the reflectivity
,

where the grazing angle  is supposed to be small. This estimate predicts enhancement of the reflectivity at the reduction of period . This estimate requires that .

Fundamental limit
For efficient ridged mirrors, both estimates above should predict high reflectivity. This implies reduction of both, width,  of the ridges and the period, . The width of the ridges cannot be smaller than the size of an atom; this sets the limit of performance of the ridged mirrors.

Applications of ridged mirrors
Ridged mirrors are not yet commercialized, although certain achievements can be mentioned. The reflectivity of a ridged atomic mirror can be orders of magnitude better than that of a flat surface. The use of a ridged mirror as an atomic hologram has been demonstrated.
In Shimizu's and Fujita's work, atom holography is achieved via electrodes implanted into SiN4 film over an atomic mirror, or maybe as the atomic mirror itself.

Ridged mirrors can also reflect visible light; however, for light waves, the performance is not better than that of a flat surface. An ellipsoidal ridged mirror is proposed as the focusing element for an atomic optical system with submicrometre resolution (atomic nanoscope).

See also
Atomic mirror
Quantum reflection
Atomic nanoscope
Zeno effect
Matter wave

References

Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
Société nationale d'électricité et de thermique

Société nationale d'électricité et de thermique (SNET) is a French electricity generation and distribution company. As the inheritor of Charbonnages de France's thermal power stations, SNET have an installed capacity of 2.4 gigawatts, or around 2% of the capacity of Électricité de France.

Overview
SNET has been a competitor of EDF since the opening of the French electricity market in 1999. In September 2004, the company was acquired by the Spanish company Endesa. According to L'Humanité, this was followed by the downsizing of 30% of the staff.

In June 2008 SNET was sold to the German group E.ON. As of 2012 SNET was building several combined cycle gas turbines, the two first French ones at the thermal plant Emile Huchet in Saint-Avold in northeastern France.

See also

 Energy in France
 List of French companies

References

External links
Official Website
Green Electricity

E.ON
Energetický a průmyslový holding
Electric power companies of France
KTN

KTN may refer to:

Television
 KTN (television channel), Pakistan
 Kenya Television Network
 Korean Television Network, a subchannel of WKTB-CD
 Television Nagasaki, Japan

Transport
 Kentish Town station, London, National Rail station code KTN
 Ketchikan International Airport, Alaska, US, IATA and FAA code KTN

Other uses
 Known Traveler Number for US Trusted Traveler Programs such as Global Entry

See also
Ulrich I of Württemberg

Ulrich I of Württemberg may refer to:
 Ulrich I, Count of Württemberg, Count of Württemberg in 1241-1265
 Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg, Duke of Württemberg in 1498-1519
Court of Session Act 1810

The Court of Session Act 1810 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (50 Geo. 3. c. 112) reforming Scotland's highest court, the Court of Session. This Act was a follow-up Act to the Court of Session Act 1808 in reforming the Court of Session, creating the two divisions known as the Inner House and the Outer House.

Reform continued with the Court of Session Act 1813 which created the final form of the Outer House, and the Jury Trials (Scotland) Act 1815 which introduced trial by jury.

It was repealed by the Court of Session Act 1988.

References

1810 in British law
Court of Session
Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning Scotland
United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1810
1810 in Scotland
Repealed United Kingdom Acts of Parliament