August 30



Events

Up to 1900 
 526  Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great dies of dysentery in Ravenna.
 711  K'inich K'an Joy Chitam, king of Palenque, disappears from history. He was probably taken prisoner by a rivalling city state.
 1464  Pope Paul II is elected.
 1574  Guru Ram Das becomes the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master.
 1791  The ship HMS Pandora sinks after running aground on a reef.
 1800  Gabriel Prosser postpones a planned slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia, but is arrested he can make it happen.
 1813  In an uprising, Creek Native Americans launch an attack on Fort Mims, Alabama (present-day Mobile, Alabama), and commit the Fort Mims massacre.
 1813  Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.
 1832  Agreement is reached on the border between Greece and the Ottoman Empire.
 1835  The city of Melbourne, Australia is founded.
 1836  The city of Houston, Texas is founded.
 1850  Honolulu, Hawaii becomes a city.
 1862  American Civil War: Battle of Richmond, Kentucky - Confederates under Edmund Kirby Smith rout a Union army under General Horatio Wright.
 1862  American Civil War: Union forces are defeated in Second Battle of Bull Run.
 1873  Austrian explorers Julius von Payer  and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago (island group) of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Ocean. The islands now belong to Russia.
 1881  British passenger steamer RMS Teuton hits a reef off South Africa and sinks, killing 236 of the 272 people on board.
 1896  Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared to be under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General  Ramon Blanco y Erenas.

1901  2000 
 1914  World War I: Battle of Tannenberg.
 1917  During a night-time sailing, with all light switched off because of the war, French passenger steamer Natal collides with an oncoming cargo ship, sinking in 10 minutes. Of the 503 on board, 105 are killed.
 1918  Assassins seriously injure Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin and kill Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky, prompting the decree for Red Terror.
 1922  Battle of Dumlupinar, final battle in Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) ("Turkish War of Independence").
 1940  The Second Vienna Award reassigns the territory of North Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.
 1941  World War II: The Siege of Leningrad begins.
 1945  World War II: Hong Kong is liberated from Japan.
 1945  World War II: Allied Supreme Commander Douglas MacArthur lands at Atsugi Air Force Base.
 1945  The Allied Control Council, governing Germany after World War II, until 1949, goes into effect.
 1946  In post-World War II Germany, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate is created in the French occupation zone.
 1948  The Romanian intelligence agency, the Securitate, is founded.
 1956  The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana opens. 
 1959  The title National Hero of Indonesia is awarded for the first time, to writer and politician Abdul Muis.
 1963  Hotline between U.S. and Soviet leaders goes into operation.
 1965  Casey Stengel announces his retirement from baseball.
 1965  Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album Highway 61 Revisited featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone."
 1967  Thurgood Marshall confirmed as the first African American Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
 1974  A train crash, of a Dortmund to Belgrade Express train, in Zagreb kills 153 people.
 1974  A powerful bomb explodes at the Mitsubishi Jeavy Industries Headquarters in Marunouchi, Tokyo, Japan killing 8 people.
 1976  Tom Brokaw becomes news anchor of the Today Show.
 1981  Iranian President Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Prime Minister Mohammad-Javad Bahonar are assassinated in a bombing by the People's Mujahedin of Iran.
 1984  Space Shuttle Discovery launches on its first mission.
 1990  Tatarstan declares independence from the RSFSR.
 1991  Azerbaijan declares independence from the USSR.
 1992  Michael Schumacher wins his first Formula One race at the Belgian Grand Prix.
 1993  The Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca, Morocco, is inaugurated.
 1993  The Late Show with David Letterman debuts on CBS.
 1994  Oasis release their first album, Definitely Maybe.
 1995  NATO launches Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian-Serb forces.
 1999  The East Timorese vote for independence in a referendum.

From 2001 
 2001  Former President of Yugoslavia and Serbia Slobodan Milosevic is charged with Genocide.
 2002  The Tandy Center Subway in Fort Worth, Texas ceases to operate.
 2003  While being towed across the Barents Sea, de-commissioned  Russian submarine K-159 sinks, killing all 9 crew members.
 2009  Yukio Hatoyama is elected Prime Minister of Japan, taking office on September 16, when he succeeds Taro Aso. He resigns on June 2, 2010.
 2014  Prime Minister of Poland Donald Tusk is chosen as the new EU President, while Federica Mogherini of Italy is chosen as the next EU Foreign Policy Chief.
 2016  Doris McLemore, the last-surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language, dies aged 89.

Births

Up to 1900 
 1334  King Peter I of Castile (d. 1369)
 1377  Shah Rukh, ruler Persia and Transoxonia (d. 1447)
 1401  Georgios Sphantzes, Byzantine historian (d. 1479)
 1569  Jahangir, Mughal Emperor (d. 1627)
 1705  David Hartley, English philosopher (d. 1757)
 1720  Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer (d. 1796)
 1727  Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1804)
 1731  Jacob Sievers, Russian statesman (d. 1828)
 1739  George Mathews, American politician, Governor of Georgia (d. 1812)
 1745  Johann Hieronymus Schroeter, German jurist and astronomer (d. 1816)
 1748  Jacques-Louis David, French painter (d. 1825)
 1758  Cristobal Bencomo y Rodriguez, Spanish priest (d. 1835)
 1785  Lin Zexu, Chinese scholar and official (d. 1850)
 1797  Mary Shelley, British writer of Frankenstein (d. 1851)
 1798  Virginie Dejazet, French actress (d. 1875)
 1800  Auguste von Harrach, wife of Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1873)
 1808  Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (d. 1892)
 1812  Agoston Narasidhy, Hungarian traveler, writer and winemaker (d. 1869)
 1813  Princess Mathilde of Bavaria (d. 1892)
 1818  Alexander H. Rice, 30th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
 1820  Gustave Le Gray, French photography pioneer (d. 1884)
 1820  Hardin Richard Runnels, 6th Governor of Texas (d. 1873)
 1821  Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian-born Italian revolutionary (d. 1849)
 1844  Friedrich Ratzel, German zoologist and geographer (d. 1904)
 1850  Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, lawyer and journalist (d. 1896)
 1852  Jacobus Henricus van t' Hoff, Dutch chemist (d. 1911)
 1855  Evelyn De Morgan, British painter (d. 1919)
 1856  Carl David Tolme Runge, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1927)
 1860  Isaac Lewitan, Russian painter (d. 1900)
 1870  Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (d. 1891)
 1871  Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand chemist and physicist (d. 1937)
 1884  Theodor Svedberg, Swedish physicist (d. 1971)
 1890  Samuel Frederick Henry Thompson, English captain and pilot (d. 1918)
 1893  Huey Long, American politician (d. 1935)
 1896  Raymond Massey, Canadian actor (d. 1983)
 1898  Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)

1901  1950 
 1901  Roy Wilkins, American Civil rights activist (d. 1981)
 1902  Jozef Maria Bochenski, Polish philosopher (d. 1995)
 1907  John Mauchly, American physicist and computer engineer (d. 1980)
 1908  Fred MacMurray, American actor (d. 1991)
 1910  Roger Bushell, English soldier and pilot (d. 1944)
 1912  Nancy Wake, New Zealand-born Australian spy in World War II, known as the "White Mouse" (d. 2011)
 1912  Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist (d. 1997)
 1913  Richard Stone, British economist (d. 1991)
 1915  Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, Welsh-born Swedish princess (d. 2013)
 1917  Denis Healey, British politician (d. 2015)
 1917  Vladimir Kirillovich, pretender to the Russian throne (d. 1992)
 1918  Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002)
 1919  Wolfgang Wagner, German festival organiser (d. 2010)
 1919  Kitty Wells, American singer (d. 2012)
 1921  Angelo Dundee, American boxing trainer (d. 2012)
 1922  Lionel Murphy, 22nd Attorney-General of Australia (d. 1986)
 1922  Regina Resnik, American mezzo soprano (d. 2013)
 1923  Vic Seixas, American tennis player
 1925  Laurent de Brunhoff, French author and illustrator
 1927  Bill Daily, American actor (d. 2018)
 1930  Warren Buffett, American businessman
 1930  Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (d. 2002)
 1931  Jack Swigert, American astronaut (d. 1982)
 1933  Don Getty, 11th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
 1935  John Phillips, American singer-songwriter (Mamas and Papas) (d. 2001)
 1937  Bruce McLaren, New Zealand racing driver (d. 1970)
 1938  Murray Gleeson, Australian judge, 11th Chief Justice of Australia
 1938  Abel Laudonio, Argentine boxer and actor (d. 2014)
 1939  John Peel, British DJ (d. 2004)
 1939  Elizabeth Ashley, American actress
 1940  Ricardo Bauleo, Argentine actor (d. 2014)
 1942  Jonathan Aitken, Irish-British politician
 1943  Jean-Claude Killy, French skier
 1943  Robert Crumb, American cartoonist.
 1943  Bobby Lennox, Scottish footballer
 1944  Tug McGraw, American baseball player (d. 2004)
 1944  Frances Cairncross, English economist, journalist and academic
 1946  Anne-Marie, Danish princess and former Queen of Greece
 1946  Peggy Lipton, American actress
 1948  Lewis Black, American comedian, author and actor
 1948  Fred Hampton, American political activist (d. 1969)
 1948  Victor Skumin, Russian professor, philosopher, writer. 
 1949  Peter Maffay, German singer
 1949  Christopher Collins, American actor, voice artist and comedian (d. 1994)
 1950  Antony Gormley, British sculptor
 1950  Micky Moody, English guitarist (Whitesnake)

1951  1975 
 1951  Gediminas Kirkilas, Lithuanian politician.
 1951  Dana, Irish singer and politician
 1953  Robert Parish, American basketball player
 1953  Lech Majewski, Polish director, producer and screenwriter
 1954  Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus
 1955  Helge Schneider, German comedian, jazz musician, director and actor
 1958  Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist, Human Rights activist and writer (d. 2006)
 1958  Muriel Gray, Scottish broadcaster and writer
 1960  Ben Bradshaw, English politician
 1962  Alexander Litvinenko, Russian-born British citizen and ex-KGB agent (d. 2006)
 1963  Dave Brockie, Canadian-American musician (d. 2014)
 1966  Michael Michele, American actress
 1967  Eddie May, Scottish footballer and coach
 1968  Vladimir Malakhov, Russian ice hockey player
 1970  Paulo Sousa, Portuguese footballer
 1971  Mizuki Kawashita, Japanese mangaka
 1972  Cameron Diaz, American actress
 1972  Pavel Nedved, Czech footballer
 1973  Lisa Ling, American journalist
 1974  Javier Otxoa, Basque cyclist (d. 2018)
 1974  Camilla Lackberg, Swedish writer
 1975  Radhi Jaidi, Tunisian footballer

From 1976 
 1976  Sarah-Jane Potts, British actress
 1977  Elden Henson, American actor
 1977  Felix Sanchez, American-Dominican runner
 1977  Kamil Kosowski, Polish footballer
 1978  Sinead Kerr, Scottish figure skater
 1978  Cliff Lee, American baseball player
 1979  Juan Ignacio Chela, Argentine tennis player
 1982  Andy Roddick, American tennis player
 1983  Kris Commons, English-Scottish footballer
 1983  Simone Pepe, Italian footballer
 1985  Leisel Jones, Australian swimmer
 1985  Anna Ushenina, Russian chess player
 1986  Ryan Ross, American guitarist (Panic! at the Disco)
 1986  Aldo Simoncini, Sammmarinese footballer
 1988  Ernests Gulbis, Latvian tennis player
 1989  Bebe Rexha, Albanian-American singer-songwriter
 1991  Farid Mammadov, Azerbaijani singer
 1996  Trevor Jackson, American singer and actor
 2001  Emily Bear, American pianist and composer

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 526  Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths and ruler of Italy (b. 454)
 1158  King Sancho III of Castile (b. 1134)
 1329  Khutughtu Khan, Emperor Mingzong  of Yuan, of the Yuan Dynasty and Mongol Empire
 1428  Emperor Shoko of Japan (b. 1401)
 1483  King Louis XI of France (b. 1423)
 1505  Elizabeth of Austria (b. 1536)
 1580  Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528)
 1619  Shimazu Yoshihiro, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1535)
 1751  Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b. 1661)
 1856  Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, writer (b. 1811)
 1879  John Bell Hood, Confederate general (b. 1831)
 1896  Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian statesman (b. 1824)

1901  2000 
 1906  Hans Auer, Swiss architect (b. 1847)
 1907  Richard Mansfield, actor-manager, (b. 1857)
 1928  Wilhelm Wien, German physicist (b. 1864)
 1935  Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
 1937  Gaetano Bisletti, Italian cardinal (b. 1896)
 1938  Max Factor, Sr., Polish-American make-up artist and businessman (b. 1877)
 1940  J.J. Thomson, English physicist (b. 1856)
 1941  Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer and physicist (b. 1874)
 1943  Father Eustaquio van Lieshout, ss.cc., Dutch Roman Catholic priest (b. 1890)
 1945  Alfréd Schaffer, Hungarian footballer, coach and manager (b. 1893)
 1946  Konstantin Rodzaevsky, Russian fascist (b. 1907)
 1949  Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (b. 1887)
 1954  Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster, Italian cardinal (b. 1880)
 1957  Otto Suhr, Mayor of Berlin (b. 1894)
 1961  Charles Coburn, actor (b. 1877)
 1971  Ali Hadi Bara, Turkish sculptor (b. 1906)
 1979  Jean Seberg, American actress (b. 1938)
 1981  Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Iranian statesman (b. 1933)
 1981  Mohammad-Javad Bahonar, Iranian statesman
 1981  Vera-Ellen, actress (b. 1921)
 1985  Taylor Caldwell, American writer (b. 1900)
 1991  Jean Tinguely, Swiss kinetic artist (b. 1925)
 1994  Lindsay Anderson, movie director (b. 1923)
 1995  Sterling Morrison, American guitarist (The Velvet Underground) (b. 1942)
 1996  Christine Pascal, French actress (b. 1953)
 1997  Ernst Willimowski, Polish footballer (b. 1916)
 1999  Jan Brasser, Dutch athlete (b. 1912)

From 2001 
 2001  Govan Mbeki, South African political activist (b. 1910)
 2003  Charles Bronson, American actor (b. 1921)
 2003  Donald Davidson, American philosopher (b. 1917)
 2004  Fred Whipple, American astronomer (b. 1906)
 2005  Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (b. 1890)
 2006  Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor (b. 1916)
 2006  Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian writer (b. 1911)
 2008  Killer Kowalski, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1926)
 2010  J. C. Bailey, American professional wrestler (b. 1983)
 2010  Alain Corneau, French moviemaker (b. 1943)
 2010  Francisco Varallo, Argentine footballer (b. 1910)
 2012  Chris Lighty, American music industry executive (b. 1968)
 2013  Seamus Heaney, Irish writer and poet (b. 1939)
 2013  Soledad Mexia, Mexican-American supercentenarian (b. 1899)
 2014  Bipan Chandra, Indian historian (b. 1928)
 2014  Igor Decraene, Belgian cyclist (b. 1996)
 2014  Victoria Mallory, American actress and singer (b. 1949)
 2014  Bud Andrews, American radio personality and DJ (b. 1940)
 2014  David Mitchell, English politician (b. 1928)
 2015  Bart Cummings, Australian racehorse trainer (b. 1927)
 2015  Oliver Sacks, English-American neurologist and author (b. 1933)
 2015  Wes Craven, American director, writer, producer and actor (b. 1939)
 2015  Marvin Mandel, American politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (b. 1920)
 2015  Hugo Rasmussen, Danish jazz musician (b. 1944)
 2015  Edward Fadeley, American attorney and politician (b. 1929)
 2016  Doris McLemore, last-surviving fluent speaker of the Wichita language (b. 1927)
 2017  Marjorie Boulton, English author (b. 1924)
 2017  Louise Hay, American author (b. 1926)
 2017  Abdul Jabbar, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1938)
 2017  Rollie Massimino, American basketball coach (b. 1934)
 2017  Sumiteru Taniguchi, Japanese anti-nuclear weapons activist (b. 1929)
 2017  Richard Sui On Chang, American Episcopal prelate, Bishop of Hawaii (b. 1941)
 2017  Sam Pivnik, Polish Holocaust survivor and author (b. 1926)
 2018  Joseph Kobzon, Russian singer (b. 1937)
 2018  Ray, Hong Kong professional wrestler (b. 1982)

Observances 
 International Day of the Disappeared
 Saint Rose of Lima (Peru)
 Victory Day (Turkey)
 Republic Day (Tatarstan)

Days of the year