September 9



Events

Up to 1900 
 9  Arminius' alliance of six Germanic tribes ambushes and heavily defeats Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of Teutoburg Forest.
 337  Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans I succeed their father Constantine I as Roman Emperor.
 533  A Byzantine army of 15,000 under Belisarius lands at Caput Vada in modern Tunisia and marches onto Carthage.
 1000  Battle of Svolder – After it, King Olaf I of Norway commits suicide.
 1087  William the Conqueror dies. His son succeeds him as King William II of England.
 1379  Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
 1488  Anne of Brittany becomes Duchess of Brittany.
 1493  Battle of Krbava Field - A decisive defeat of Croats in the Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.
 1499  Vasco da Gama returns to Lisbon from his voyage to India.
 1513  In the Battle of Flodden Field James IV of Scotland is defeated.
 1543  Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is officially crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
 1739  Stono Rebellion, the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution, erupts near Charleston, South Carolina.
 1775  A hurricane strikes Newfoundland, killing 4,000 people.
 1776  The Continental Congress officially names their new country the United States.
 1791  Washington, DC is named after 1st President of the United States George Washington.
 1806  A hurricane kills 457 people in Dominica.
 1839  John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph.
 1850  California is admitted as the thirty-first U.S. state.
 1850  The Compromise of 1850 strips Texas of a third of its claimed territory (now parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Wyoming) in return for the federal government assuming $10 million of Texas's pre-annexation debt.
 1855  Crimean War: The Siege of Sevastopol ends with the withdrawal of Russian troops.
 1863  American Civil War: The Union Army enters Chattanooga, Tennessee.
 1870  Redmond, Washington is founded.
 1886  The Berne Convention is finalized.
 1892  Edward Barnard discovers Jupiter's moon Amalthea.
 1893  A birth occurs in the White House for the only time in its history to date. First Lady Frances Folsom Cleveland gives birth to a girl, Esther.

1901  2000 
 1913  Russian military pilot Pyotr Nesterov performs the first 'Looping' maneuver with his aircraft over Kiev.
 1914  World War I: The Battle of the Marne ends in a French victory.
 1914  World War I: The creation of the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade, the first fully mechanized unit in the British Army.
 1919  Spanish passenger ferry Valbanera disappears in a hurricane between Cuba and the Florida Keys.
 1922  The Greco-Turkish War ends with Turkish victory over the Greeks. The largest part of the city of Smyrna (on the Minor Asia coast, now Izmir) is burned. The Non-Turkic population flees.
 1923  Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, founds the CHP.
 1924  The Hanapepe massacre takes place in Kauai, Hawaii.
 1926  The National Broadcasting Company formed.
 1939  World War II: The Battle of Hel begins, the longest defended pocket of Polish Army Resistance during the German invasion of Poland.
 1940  George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer.
 1940  World War II: Treznea massacre - The Hungarian army, supported by local Hungarians, kills 93 Romanian civilians in Treznea, a village in Northern Transylvania.
 1942  World War II: A Japanese floatplane drops an incendiary bomb on Oregon.
 1943  World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
 1944  World War II: Bulgaria is liberated by Russia.
 1945  Japan formally surrenders to China.
 1947  "First actual case of (a computer) bug being found" – a moth is lodged in a relay of a Mark II computer at Harvard.
 1948  The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is created, declared by Kim Il-Sung.
 1954  Marilyn Bell swam for 20 hours and 57 minutes under grueling conditions to become the first person to swim across Lake Ontario.
 1954  An earthquake in Algeria kills 1,250 people.
 1956  Elvis Presley appears on The Ed Sullivan Show for the first time.
 1965  The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development is established.
 1965  Sandy Koufax throws a perfect game against the Chicago Cubs.
 1965  Hurricane Betsy hits New Orleans.
 1966  The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon Johnson.
 1969  Canada's Official Languages Act comes into force, making French equal to English throughout the Federal Government.
 1970  A British airliner is hijacked by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and flown into Dawson's Field, Jordan.
 1976  Chinese Communist Leader Mao Zedong dies aged 82.
 1983  Aaron Pryor beats Alexis Arguello by knockout in round ten of a rematch of their 1982 controversial fight, dubbed The Battle of The Champions.
 1990  The Sri Lankan Army kills 184 Tamil civilians in the Batticaloa massacre.
 1990  Liberian leader Samuel K. Doe is overthrown and killed in a coup.
 1991  Tajikistan becomes independent from the Soviet Union.
 1991  Nirvana release their hit single "Smells Like Teen Spirit", which becomes an iconic tune for a whole generation.
 1993  The Palestinian Liberation Organization officially recognizes Israel as a legal state in its own right.
 1996  Croatia and Yugoslavia take up diplomatic relations after war in the region.
 1999  The Sega Dreamcast is released in the United States
 2000  In the wake of inflation, Ecuador replaces its currency, the Sucre with the US dollar.

From 2001 
 2001  Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, is assassinated in Afghanistan.
 2004  A bomb explodes outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, killing several people.
 2004  Serbian Prime Minister Vojislav Kostunica reverses a decision by Minister of Education and Sport Ljiljana Colic to require the teaching of both creationism and evolution in schools, and announces that Colic will be replaced.
 2009  09/09/09: The date, when written, has 3 nines in it. As well as that, September has nine letters, and so does Wednesday, the day of the week it falls on. It also fell on the 252nd day of the year, and the digits of 252 add up to nine.
 2011  The 2011 Rugby World Cup begins in New Zealand.
 2012  The 2012 Summer Paralympics in London end.
 2013  Norwegian Parliamentary Election: The Labour Party-led coalition under Jens Stoltenberg loses the election after eight years in government. Erna Solberg of the Centre-Right Venstre Party becomes the next Prime Minister on October 16.
 2014  Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper announces that a ship from John Franklin's ill-fated expedition to the Canadian Arctic has been found.
 2015  Elizabeth II overtakes Queen Victoria to becomes the longest-reigning British monarch.

Births

Up to 1900 
 214  Aurelian, Roman Emperor (d. 275)
 384  Flavius Honorius, Roman Emperor (d. 423)
 1349  Duke Albert III of Austria (d. 1395)
 1466  Ashikaga Yoshitane, Japanese shogun (d. 1523)
 1585  Cardinal Richelieu, French statesman (d. 1642)
 1656  Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer, German composer (d. 1746)
 1708  Paul Egede, Danish missionary (d. 1789)
 1711  Thomas Hutchinson, American historian and politician (d. 1780)
 1737  Luigi Galvani, Italian physician and physicist (d. 1798)
 1754  William Bligh, British naval officer and Governor of New South Wales (d. 1817)
 1769  Ivan Kotlyarevsky, Ukrainian poet (d. 1838)
 1774  Salomon Mayer Rothschild, patriarch of the Rothschild banking family (d. 1855)
 1778  Clemens Brentano, German writer (d. 1842)
 1815  Johann Gottfried Piefke, Prussian military musician and composer (d. 1884)
 1822  Napoleon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte, French general and politician (d. 1891)
 1826  Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden (d. 1907)
 1828  Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer (d. 1910)
 1834  Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English writer (d. 1903)
 1834  James E. Bond, Governor of Nebraska (d. 1906)
 1841  Paul Eyschen, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1915)
 1842  Elliott Coues, American army surgeon, historian and writer (d. 1899)
 1848  Elia Millosevich, Italian astronomer (d. 1919)
 1852  John Henry Poynting, British physicist (d. 1914)
 1855  Houston Stewart Chamberlain, British-German writer (d. 1927)
 1855  Anthony Francis Lucas, Croatian-American engineer and explorer (d. 1921)
 1868  Mary Hunter Austin, American writer (d. 1934)
 1872  Phan Chu Trinh, Vietnamese activist (d. 1926)
 1873  Max Reinhardt, movie and theatre director and actor (d. 1943)
 1873  Marcel Jacques Boulenger, French writer and fencer (d. 1932)
 1878  Sergio Osmena, President of the Philippines (d. 1961)
 1887  Alf Landon, American politician (d. 1987)
 1890  Harland D. Sanders, American inventor of KFC (d. 1980)
 1890  Kurt Lewin, German psychologist (d. 1947)
 1892  Tsuru Aoki, Japanese-American actress (d. 1961)
 1893  Esther Cleveland, only person to be born in the White House (d. 1980)
 1894  Arthur Freed, American songwriter and movie producer (d. 1973)
 1894  Bert Oldfield, Australian cricketer (d. 1976)
 1898  Styles Bridges, 63rd Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1961)
 1899  C. R. Smith, American politician (d. 1990)

1901  1950 
 1901  Lev Shubnikov, Russian physicist (d. 1937)
 1902  Fred Tootell, American athlete (d. 1964)
 1903  Phyllis Whitney, American writer (d. 2008)
 1904  Feroze Khan, Pakistani field hockey player (d. 2005)
 1905  Joseph E. Levine, American movie producer (d. 1987)
 1906  Harri Larva, Finnish runner (d. 1980)
 1906  James Quinn, American athlete (d. 2004)
 1908  Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and novelist (d. 1950)
 1908  Shigekazu Shimazaki, Japanese admiral (d. 1945)
 1911  John Gorton, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)
 1918  Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, former President of Italy (d. 2012)
 1919  Gottfried Dienst, Swiss football referee (d. 1998)
 1920  Feng Kang, Chinese mathematician and physicist (d. 1993)
 1922  Hans Georg Dehmelt, German physicist (d. 2017)
 1922  Warwick Estevam Kerr, Brazilian geneticist
 1923  Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist (d. 2008)
 1923  Cliff Robertson, American actor (d. 2011)
 1924  Rik van Steenbergen, Belgian cyclist (d. 2003)
 1924  Jane Greer, American actress (d. 2001)
 1926  Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Egyptian theologian and writer
 1930  Francis Carroll, Australian archbishop
 1931  Margaret Tyzack, British actress (d. 2011)
 1932  Sylvia Miles, American actress
 1934  Nicholas Liverpool, former President of Dominica (d. 2015)
 1935  Chaim Topol, Israeli actor
 1939  Reuven Rivlin, 10th President of Israel
 1941  Otis Redding, American musician (d. 1967)
 1941  Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist (d. 2011)
 1945  Richard Divall, Australian conductor and musicologist (d. 2017)
 1945  Alphonso Jackson, American politician
 1946  Doug Ingle, American musician (Iron Butterfly)
 1946  Jim Keays, Australian musician (d. 2014)
 1947  Freddy Weller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1949  John Curry, British figure skater (d. 1994)
 1949  Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, 6th President of Indonesia

1951  1975 
 1951  Alexander Downer, Australian politician
 1951  Tom Wopat, American actor, singer and director
 1952  David A. Stewart, British musician (Eurythmics)
 1953  Alisher Usmanov, Uzbek-Russian business magnate
 1955  John Kricfalusi, Canadian voice actor, animator, director and screenwriter
 1956  Anatoly Artsebarsky, Soviet-Ukrainian cosmonaut
 1957  Pierre-Laurent Aimard, French pianist and educator
 1959  Tom Foley, American baseball player and coach
 1959  Eric Serra, French composer
 1960  Hugh Grant, English actor
 1960  Bob Hartley, Canadian ice hockey coach
 1961  Matjaz Kek, Slovenian football coach
 1962  Liza Marklund, Swedish writer
 1963  Chris Coons, American politician
 1963  Roberto Donadoni, Italian footballer
 1964  Mike Ashley, English billionaire entrepreneur
 1964  John Hughes, Scottish football manager
 1966  Adam Sandler, American actor and comedian
 1967  Akshay Kumar, Indian actor
 1967  Hana Andronikova, Czech writer (d. 2011)
 1968  Shahbaz Bhatti, Pakistani politician (d. 2011)
 1968  Julia Sawalha, English actress
 1969  Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model
 1971  Eric Stonestreet, American actor
 1971  Henry Thomas, American actor, singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1972  Goran Visnjic, Croatian actor
 1974  Ana Carolina, Brazilian singer, composer and musician
 1974  Gok Wan, English fashion consultant, writer and television host
 1975  Michael Bublé, Canadian singer

From 1976 
 1976  Chace Ambrose, American actor and screenwriter
 1976  Jerry Newman, American composer and conductor
 1976  Aki Riihilahti, Finnish footballer
 1977  Fatih Tekke, Turkish footballer
 1977  Soulja Slim, American rapper (d. 2003)
 1978  Mariano Puerta, Argentine tennis player
 1980  Michelle Williams, American actress
 1980  Todd Coffey, American baseball player
 1980  Vaclav Drobny, Czech footballer (d. 2012)
 1982  Ai Otsuka, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1982  Graham Onions, English cricketer
 1983  Kim Jung-hwa, South Korean actress and model
 1984  Andrey Silnov, Russian athlete
 1984  Brad Guzan, American footballer
 1985  Luka Modric, Croatian footballer
 1987  Alex Song, Cameroonian footballer
 1987  Andrea Petkovic, German tennis player
 1987  Nicole Aniston, American pornographic actress
 1988  Shizuka Nakamura, Japanese model and actress
 1990  Haley Reinhart, American singer-songwriter
 1991  Kelsey Chow, American actress
 1991  Oscar, Brazilian footballer
 1993  Ryohei Kato, Japanese gymnast
 2000  Victoria de Marichalar y Borbon, Spanish royal

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 701  Pope Sergius I
 1000  Olaf I of Norway (b. 963)
 1087  King William I of England (b. 1028)
 1398  King James I of Cyprus (b. 1334)
 1438  King Edward of Portugal (b. 1391)
 1487  Chenghua, Chinese Emperor  (b. 1447)
 1488  Francis II, Duke of Brittany (b. 1433)
 1513  King James IV of Scotland (b. 1473)
 1569  Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Flemish painter
 1583  Humphrey Gilbert, English explorer (b. 1539)
 1596  Anna Jagiellon, Queen of Poland (b. 1523)
 1612  Nakagawa Hidenari, Japanese daimyo (b. 1570)
 1676  Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, French army officer, founder of Montreal (b. 1612)
 1806  William Paterson, 2nd Governor of New Jersey (b. 1745)
 1815  John Singleton Copley, American painter (b. 1738)
 1834  James Weddell, British sailor (b. 1787)
 1891  Jules Grévy, President of France (b. 1813)
 1898  Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet (b. 1842)

1901  2000 
 1901  Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter (b. 1864)
 1910  Elizabeth Blackwell, American physician (b. 1821)
 1915  Albert Spalding, American baseball player and sporting goods maker (b. 1850)
 1939  U Ottama, Burmese national hero
 1941  Hans Spemann, German doctor and zoologist, won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1869)
 1960  Jussi Björling, Swedish opera singer (b. 1911)
 1976  Mao Zedong, political leader (People's Republic of China) (b. 1893)
 1978  Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (b. 1892)
 1978  Jack Warner, American Hollywood studio founder (b. 1892)
 1980  John Howard Griffin, American writer (b. 1920)
 1981  Robert Askin, Premier of New South Wales (b. 1907)
 1981  Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist (b. 1901)
 1983  Luis Monti, Argentine-Italian footballer (b. 1901)
 1985  Paul Flory, American chemist (b. 1910)
 1985  Antonio Votto, Italian conductor (b. 1896)
 1986  Magda Tagliaferro, Brazilian classical pianist (b. 1893)
 1990  Nicola Abbagnano, Italian philosopher (b. 1901)
 1990  Samuel K. Doe, Liberian military officer and President of Liberia (b. 1951)
 1990  Doc Cramer, American Major League Baseball player (b. 1905)
 1993  Helen O'Connell, singer (b. 1920)
 1997  Burgess Meredith, actor (b. 1907)
 1998  Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (b. 1943)
 1999  Jim "Catfish" Hunter, American Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1946)
 2000  Veerasamy Ringadoo, first President of Mauritius (b. 1920)

From 2001 
 2001  Ahmed Shah Massoud, Afghan military leader (b. 1953)
 2003  Larry Hovis, American actor (b. 1936)
 2003  Edward Teller, Hungarian-American physicist (b. 1908)
 2007  Hughie Thomasson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
 2008  Nouhak Phoumsavanh, President of Laos (b. 1910)
 2010  Bent Larsen, Danish chess player (b. 1935)
 2013  Alberto Bevilacqua, Italian writer, poet and journalist (b. 1934)
 2014  Graham Joyce, British writer (b. 1954)
 2014  Firoza Begum, Bangladeshi singer (b. 1930)
 2014  Bob Suter, American ice hockey player (b. 1957)
 2014  Howell Evans, Welsh actor (b. 1928)
 2014  Denny Miller, American actor (b. 1934)
 2015  Einar H. Ingman, Jr., American soldier (b. 1929)
 2017  Frank Aarebrot, Norwegian political scientist (b. 1947)
 2017  Michael Friedman, American composer and songwriter (b. 1975)
 2017  Oscar E. Huber, American politician (b. 1917)
 2017  Pierre Pilote, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1931)
 2018  Frank Andersson, Swedish professional wrestler (b. 1956)
 2018  Johannes Geldenhuys, South African military commander (b. 1935)
 2018  Beat Richner, Swiss paediatrician and cellist (b. 1947)
 2018  Daniel Küblböck, German singer (b. 1985) (presumed drowned)
 2018  Mr. Catra, Brazilian rapper (b. 1968)
 2018  Javier Usabiaga Arroyo, Mexican businessman and politician (b. 1939)

Observances 
 Admission Day (California)
 Independence Day (Tajikistan)
 National Day of North Korea
 Children's Day (Costa Rica)
 Human Rights Day (Colombia)

September 09