alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Zoegeh District

Zoegeh District was one of six districts located in Nimba County, Liberia.

References

Districts of Liberia
Nimba County
Morweh District

Morweh District is a district of Rivercess County, Liberia. It was one of the county's two original districts.

References

 

Districts of Liberia
Rivercess County
Timbo District

Timbo District was one of the two original districts of Rivercess County, Liberia.

References

Districts of Liberia
Rivercess County
Gbeapo District

Gbeapo District is one of 10 districts of River Gee County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 10,934.

References

 

Districts of Liberia
River Gee County
Webbo District

Webbo District (Nyaake) was a district of River Gee County, Liberia.

References

 

Districts of Liberia
River Gee County
Çemişgezek

Çemişgezek (; ) is a municipality (belde) and seat of Çemişgezek District of Tunceli Province, Turkey. The mayor is Levent Metin Yıldız (AKP).

The town had a population of 3,009 in 2021 and is populated by both Kurds and Turks.

The town is divided into the neighborhoods of Çukur, Hacı Cami, Hamamatik, Kale, Mescit, Tepebaşı and Yenimahalle.

Notable natives 

 Aurora Mardiganian – Armenian genocide survivor, writer of Ravished Armenia.
 John I Tzimiskes - Byzantine emperor of Armenian origin
 Aynur Doğan – Kurdish singer
 Diyap Yıldırım – Kurdish politician

See also 
 Emirate of Çemişgezek

References

External links

Populated places in Çemişgezek District
Kurdish settlements in Tunceli Province
District municipalities in Turkey
Fused (album)

Fused is the second solo album by Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi, released in 2005. The album also features vocalist/bassist Glenn Hughes (who briefly fronted Black Sabbath in the mid-1980s, assuming vocal duties on the album Seventh Star – an album that was originally intended to be Iommi's first solo album) and drummer Kenny Aronoff.

The album was recorded in Monnow Valley Studios, Wales in December 2004 and BHM's studio in Warwickshire, England, and was produced by Bob Marlette (who also contributed keyboards and bass on the album) and Iommi. Fused reached number 34 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart.

Track listing

Personnel 
per liner notes
Tony Iommi – lead and rhythm guitars, additional production
Glenn Hughes – vocals, bass
Kenny Aronoff – drums
Bob Marlette – keyboards, bass, production, engineering
Mike Exeter – additional engineering, programming
Hugh Gilmour – artwork, design
Ralph Baker – executive producer
Jeff Greenberg – legal at Beldock, Levine & Hoffman, NYC
JMO Design – logo
Dick Beetham – mastering
Sid Riggs – programming
Mike Clement – equipment technician

Charts

References

External links 
Fused at Black Sabbath Online

2005 albums
Sanctuary Records albums
Glenn Hughes albums
Collaborative albums
Albums produced by Bob Marlette
Tony Iommi albums
Çermik

Çermik (; ) is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 948 km2, and its population is 49,644 (2022). The mayor is Şehmus Karamehmetoğlu from the Justice and Development Party (AKP), and the current kaymakam is Vahit Yılmaz.

Çermik got its name from its natural spa.  It was declared the Diyarbakir Thermal Tourism Center in October 1993.

History 
Within the Ottoman Empire, Cermik was within the Kurdish sanjaks of the Diyarbekir Eyelet. In 1925 the town came shortly under control of the rebels loyal to Sheikh Said.

Demographics 
On the eve of the First World War, 12,418 Armenians lived in the kaza of Çermik: 2,000 in the center of Çermik and 10,000 in Çüngüş. They had five churches, one monastery and five schools. They were massacred during the Armenian genocide.

The Jewish population left the town in 1948 when Israel was founded.

Composition
There are 81 neighbourhoods in Çermik District:

 Ağaçhan
 Akçörten
 Akkoyunlu
 Akpınar
 Alabuğday
 Alakoç
 Arabük
 Armağantaşı
 Armutlu
 Artuk
 Aşağışeyhler
 Aşağıtaşmalı
 Asmalık
 Aynalı
 Bademlik
 Bahçe
 Balıksırtı
 Başarı
 Bayat
 Bayırbağı
 Baykal
 Bayrak
 Bintaş
 Bircemal
 Bulundu
 Çalıtepe
 Ceylan
 Çukur
 Çukurelma
 Değirmenli
 Dikyol
 Dilekpınar
 Elifuşağı
 Eskibağ
 Genceli
 Göktepe
 Gözerek
 Güçlütaş
 Günaşan
 Gürüz
 Güzel
 Haburman
 İkiçeltik
 İncili
 Kalaç
 Kale
 Kalecik
 Karacaviran
 Karakaya
 Karamusa
 Karataş
 Kartaltaşı
 Kayagediği
 Keklik
 Kırmatepe
 Köksal
 Kömürcüler
 Konaklı
 Konuksever
 Korudağ
 Kuşlukçayırı
 Kuyuköy
 Örenkuyu
 Pamuklu
 Petekkaya
 Pınarlı
 Recep
 Saltepe
 Saray
 Sarıbalta
 Sarıca
 Şeyhandede
 Sinek
 Tepe
 Toplu
 Yabanardı
 Yayıklı
 Yaylacık
 Yeşilova
 Yiğitler
 Yoğun

Attractions 
The baths in the area draw many visitors and tourists from Turkey, mostly of neighboring provinces.

Main attractions are the Haburman Bridge, Çeteci Abdullah Pasha Madrasa, Ulu Cami (the Grand Mosque) the Bandeler Fountain (Bandeler Çesmesi) and the Gelincik Dağı ( Mountain of Gelincik) The town also counts with a Synagogue which dates back to the 1416, but it is not in use.

Notable people 

 Çeteci Abdullah Pasha, a former Vali of Diyarbakir.

References

 
Kurdish settlements in Diyarbakır Province
Populated places in Diyarbakır Province
Districts of Diyarbakır Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Former Armenian communities in Diyarbakır Province
Jewish communities in Turkey
Butaw District

Butaw District (Buto) is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 3,892.

References

 

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Greenville District

Greenville District is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 16,434, making it the most populous district in the county.

References

 

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Dugbe River District

Dugbe River District is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 9,083.

References

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Jaedae District

Jaedae District is one of 16 districts located in Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, it had a population of 3,617.

References

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Çıldır

Çıldır (, Husenian; meaning "North"; , Chrdili; meaning "Shadow") is a town in Ardahan Province of Turkey. It is the seat of Çıldır District. Its population is 2,552 (2021). The town is populated by Turks.

The town consists of 9 quarters, including Aşıkşenlik and Yıldırımtepe.

References

Populated places in Ardahan Province
District municipalities in Turkey
Çıldır District
Kpayan District

Kpayan District is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. In 2008, the population was 10,043.

References

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Pynes Town District

Pynes Town District is one of 16 districts of Sinoe County, Liberia. As of 2008, it had a population of 4,167.

References

Districts of Liberia
Sinoe County
Çınar, Diyarbakır

Çınar () is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,934 km2, and its population is 76,966 (2022).

In the local elections 2019 Bedri Kaya was elected Mayor. Muhammed Fatih Günlü was appointed District Governor in 2022.

The historic ruined Zerzevan Castle is located  southeast of Çınar town.

Composition
There are 101 neighbourhoods in Çınar District:

 Ağaçsever
 Akçomak
 Aktepe
 Alabaş
 Alancık
 Altınakar
 Arafat
 Aşağıkonak
 Aşağımollaali
 Avdalı
 Ayveri
 Bağacık
 Ballıbaba
 Başaklı
 Başalan
 Bayırkonağı
 Belenli
 Bellitaş
 Beneklitaş
 Beşpınar
 Bilmece
 Boğazören
 Bozçalı
 Bulutçeker
 Çakırkaya
 Çakırtutmaz
 Çataltarla
 Çatmadal
 Çeltikaltı
 Çınarköy
 Çömçeli
 Çukurbaşı
 Cumhuriyet
 Demirölçek
 Dikmencik
 Dişlibaşak
 Düğrük
 Düzova
 Ekinveren
 Eski
 Fatih
 Filizören
 Gazi
 Göktepe
 Görece
 Gümüştaş
 Gürses
 Halıören
 Halkapınar
 Harabe
 Hasköy
 Höyükdibi
 İnanöz
 İncirtepe
 Karababa
 Karabudak
 Karaçevre
 Karalar
 Karasungur
 Kazıktepe
 Kılıçkaya
 Kırkağaç
 Köksalan
 Kubacık
 Kürekli
 Kuruyazı
 Kutluk
 Kuyuluhöyük
 Leblebitaş
 Meydanköy
 Muratcık
 Öncülü
 Ortaşar
 Ovabağ
 Özyar
 Pembeviran
 Piremehmetağa
 Şekerören
 Selyazı
 Sevindik
 Şeyhçoban
 Sırımkesen
 Soğansuyu
 Solmaz
 Şükürlü
 Sürendal
 Taşhelvası
 Tekkaynak
 Tilver
 Toraman
 Uzgider
 Yaprakbaşı
 Yarımkaş
 Yazçiçeği
 Yeni
 Yeşil
 Yeşilbağ
 Yeşiltaş
 Yıllarca
 Yukarıortaören
 Yuvacık

References

 
Kurdish settlements in Diyarbakır Province
Populated places in Diyarbakır Province
Districts of Diyarbakır Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Cochranella

Cochranella is a genus of glass frogs, family Centrolenidae. They are found in Central America from Honduras southward to the Amazonian and Andean cloud forests of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.

Etymology
The generic name Cochranella honors Doris Mable Cochran, an American herpetologist. Accordingly, common name Cochran frogs has been coined for the genus.

Taxonomy and systematics
Cochranella was first described by Edward Harrison Taylor in 1951. The current delimitation of this genus follows from the work by Juan Manuel Guayasamin and his colleagues published in 2009 (with some later adjustments). These authors remedied the polyphyly of the genus by partitioning it into several new genera.

The diagnostic characteristics of the genus are the following: (1) humeral spines are absent (small spine present in C. litoralis); (2) digestive tract is white (translucent in Cochranella nola) and the lobed liver is covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum; (3) ventral parietal peritoneum is white anteriorly and transparent posteriorly; (4) webbing between the fingers III–IV is moderate to extensive; (5) bones are green in life; (6) dorsum is lavender in preserved specimens; (7) dentigerous process of the vomer and vomerine teeth are present (absent in C. litoralis); (8) males call from the upper surfaces of leaves and females deposit eggs on the upper sides of leaves along streams; (9) quadratojugal bone is articulating with maxilla.

Species
Currently eight species are placed in this genus:
 Cochranella erminea Torres-Gastello, Suárez-Segovia, and Cisneros-Heredia, 2007
 Cochranella euknemos (Savage and Starrett, 1967)
 Cochranella granulosa (Taylor, 1949)
 Cochranella guayasamini Twomey, Delia, and Castroviejo-Fisher, 2014
 Cochranella litoralis (Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1996)
 Cochranella mache Guayasamin and Bonaccorso, 2004
 Cochranella nola Harvey, 1996
 Cochranella resplendens (Lynch and Duellman, 1973)

The AmphibiaWeb lists 15 Cochranella species, including ones that the Amphibian Species of the World considers as having uncertain placement within the subfamily Centroleninae (Incertae Sedis).

References

 
Glass frogs
Amphibian genera
Amphibians of Central America
Amphibians of South America
Taxa named by Edward Harrison Taylor
James Macrae Aitken

James Macrae Aitken (27 October 1908 – 3 December 1983) was a Scottish chess player. Aitken was born in Calderbank, Lanarkshire, Scotland.  In 1938 he received a PhD from Edinburgh University on the topic of 'The Trial of George Buchanan Before the Lisbon Inquisition'.

Aitken learned chess from his father at age 10.  He was Scottish champion in 1935, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961 and 1965, the latter jointly with PM Jamieson. He was also London Champion in 1950.  In 1959 he had his best result in the British Championship, finishing tied for seventh place. Aitken represented Scotland in four Chess Olympiads.  He played top board at Stockholm 1937, scoring only 32.4% but he did defeat Swedish GM Gideon Ståhlberg and draw with American GM Samuel Reshevsky.  He played second board at Munich 1958 and Tel Aviv 1964, scoring 67.6% and 28.1% respectively.  Aitken played sixth board at Skopje 1972, scoring 38.9%.

Aitken represented Great Britain in matches against the USSR and Yugoslavia. In the 1946 radio match between the United Kingdom and the USSR he lost his match with Igor Bondarevsky on board 8. Aitken defeated GM Savielly Tartakower at Southsea 1949 and GM Efim Bogoljubow at Bad Pyrmont 1951.

During World War II, Aitken worked in Hut 6 at Bletchley Park on solving German Enigma machines.  On 2 December 1944 Bletchley Park played a 12-board team match against the Oxford University Chess Club.  Bletchley Park won the match 8–4 with C.H.O'D. Alexander, Harry Golombek, and Aitken on the top three boards. Aitken wrote many book reviews for the British Chess Magazine.  Aside from chess his hobbies included golf, philately, bridge, and watching cricket.  He died in Cheltenham in 1983, aged 75.

Aitken variation of the Giuoco Piano

In 1937 he recommended a line in the Greco Variation of the Giuoco Piano in the British Chess Magazine, now called the Aitken Variation: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Bb4+ 7.Nc3 Nxe4 8.O-O Nxc3 9.bxc3 Bxc3 10.Ba3.

References

Further reading
 British Chess Magazine, 1984, pp. 64–65.

External links
 Biography of Dr Aitken at the Chess Scotland website
 Collection of Dr Aitken's games at BritBase (British Chess Games Archive)
 

1908 births
1983 deaths
Bletchley Park people
Sportspeople from Cheltenham
Sportspeople from North Lanarkshire
Scottish chess players
Chess Olympiad competitors
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
20th-century chess players
Çiçekdağı

Çiçekdağı is a town in Kırşehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Çiçekdağı District. Its population is 6,298 (2022).

History
From 1867 until 1922, Çiçekdağı was part of Angora vilayet.

Notable natives
Muharrem Ertaş (1913-1984), folk musician
Neşet Ertaş (1938-2012), folk musician

References

External links
 Municipality's official website 

Populated places in Çiçekdağı District
District municipalities in Turkey
Çiftlik, Niğde

Çiftlik is a town in Niğde Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Çiftlik District. Its population is 4,464 (2022). It is 67 km from the town of Niğde, and 65 km from Aksaray. There is a much shorter route over the mountains to Niğde but that road is often under snow and closed in winter. Its elevation is .

Çiftlik is Turkish for farm, appropriately in this rural area which was previously known as Melendiz. Obsidian is found in the area.

Places of interest
 A number of very ancient burial mounds höyük.
 The hot spring and crater lake near the village of Narköy.

References

External links
 Municipality's official website 
 A local news website 
 A web portal of Niğde 
 Yesilbor.com 
 information about cappadocia and ciftlik 

Cappadocia
District municipalities in Turkey
Populated places in Çiftlik District
Arthur Anderson (businessman)

Arthur Anderson (1792, Shetland – 27 February 1868, London) was a Scottish businessman and Whig politician. He was co-founder of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company (P&O).

Career
He was born at Böd of Gremista, in Lerwick, and as a boy worked on the beach preparing fish. The Crown attempted to press gang Anderson but Bressay man Thomas Bolt persuaded the Royal Navy to wait until he had finished his apprenticeship before his impressment in 1808. Anderson was discharged 10 years later in Plymouth. Like many Shetland men, he was left destitute 600 miles from home after his service to King and country during the Napoleonic wars. Anderson moved to London and eventually became a clerk in the London shipping and insurance firm of Brodie McGhie Willcox where he became a partner in 1822 and the firm was renamed Wilcox and Anderson. They developed the shipping business between Britain and the Iberian peninsula, at one stage shipping guns and the British Legion to fight Portuguese conservatives and Spanish Carlists during their internal wars of the 1830s.

They followed this with a regular steamship service in 1830, called the Peninsular Steam Navigation Company, which became in 1837 the Peninsular and Orient (P&O). Despite cash crises, it expanded operations to Egypt (1840), India (1842), Hong Kong (1845) and Australia (1852), supported by government mail contracts. Anderson had a thrusting entrepreneurial character and by his death in 1868 P&O had the largest commercial fleet of steamships in the world.

He moved to Streatham, London, and was Chairman of P&O from 1854 until his death. Other chairs included the coal transport company the Union Steam Ship Company (which he created in 1853 to supply his P&O line ships with fuel) and the Crystal Palace Co.

He served as a radical Whig MP for the Orkney and Shetland constituency from 1847 to 1852.

He also founded the Shetland Journal (1835), the Shetland Fishery Company at Vaila, and encouraged fish exports to Spain and business between Shetland and the UK mainland. After Queen Victoria's coronation in 1838, Anderson gave her some Shetland lace articles. The queen subsequently bought twelve pairs of lace stockings which led to a significant increase in sales of Shetland lace.

He endowed Lower Norwood Working Men's Institute, the Anderson Educational Institute in 1862  (later known as the Anderson High School) and a home for the widows of fishermen in Shetland.

He was buried at West Norwood Cemetery, with a memorial at Lerwick Old Cemetery.

His nephew James Anderson, who worked in P&O, was married to the medical pioneer Elizabeth Garrett Anderson.

References

Bibliography

External links
Shetland his home
History of the Peninsular and Oriental

1792 births
1868 deaths
Royal Navy sailors
Whig (British political party) MPs for Scottish constituencies
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Orkney and Shetland
19th-century Scottish businesspeople
Scottish company founders
Scottish newspaper editors
Burials at West Norwood Cemetery
UK MPs 1847–1852
Scottish businesspeople in shipping
People from Lerwick
Çilimli

Çilimli is a town in Düzce Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Çilimli District. Its population is 9,936 (2022). Çilimli is known for its natural beauties. Çilimli has a similar climate as Düzce: cold in winter and hot in summer. It takes 15–20 minutes to go to Çilimli from Düzce city center.

References

Populated places in Düzce Province
Çilimli District
District municipalities in Turkey
Hyalinobatrachium

Hyalinobatrachium is a genus of glass frogs, family Centrolenidae. They are widely distributed in the Americas, from tropical Mexico to southeastern Brazil and Argentina.

Taxonomy and systematics
The genus is currently defined to include Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni and its closest relatives. Its sister taxon is Celsiella. Some species formerly in this genus are now in Vitreorana or Teratohyla.

Description
Hyalinobatrachium have a bulbous liver covered by white pigment, a transparent parietal peritoneum, and lack a humeral spine in adult males. The bones are white in living animals. Males usually call from the underside of leaves. Females deposit one layer of eggs on the underside of leaves.

Species
As of March 2022, these species are included in the genus:
 Hyalinobatrachium adespinosai Guayasamin, Vieira, Glor, and Hutter, 2019
 Hyalinobatrachium anachoretus Twomey, Delia, and Castroviejo-Fisher, 2014
 Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum (Barrera-Rodriguez and Ruiz-Carranza, 1989)
 Hyalinobatrachium bergeri (Cannatella, 1980)
 Hyalinobatrachium cappellei (Van Lidth de Jeude, 1904)
 Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai Castroviejo-Fisher, Padial, Chaparro, Aguayo-Vedia, and De la Riva, 2009
 Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi (Taylor, 1958)
 Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum (Taylor, 1949)
 Hyalinobatrachium dianae Kubicki, Salazar, and Puschendorf, 2015
 Hyalinobatrachium duranti (Rivero, 1985)
 Hyalinobatrachium esmeralda Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1998
 Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni (Boettger, 1893)
 Hyalinobatrachium fragile (Rivero, 1985)
 Hyalinobatrachium guairarepanense Señaris, 2001
 Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense (Ayarzagüena, 1992)
 Hyalinobatrachium ibama Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch, 1998
 Hyalinobatrachium kawense Castroviejo-Fisher, Vilà, Ayarzagüena, Blanc, and Ernst, 2011
 Hyalinobatrachium mashpi Guayasamin, Brunner, Valencia-Aguilar, Franco-Mena, Ringler, Armijos, Morochz, Bustamante, Maynard & Culebras, 2022
 Hyalinobatrachium mesai Barrio-Amorós and Brewer-Carias, 2008
 Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii Señaris and Ayarzagüena, 2001
 Hyalinobatrachium muiraquitan Oliveira and Hernández-Ruz, 2017
 Hyalinobatrachium munozorum (Lynch and Duellman, 1973)
 Hyalinobatrachium nouns Guayasamin, Brunner, Valencia-Aguilar, Franco-Mena, Ringler, Armijos, Morochz, Bustamante, Maynard & Culebras, 2022
 Hyalinobatrachium orientale (Rivero, 1968)
 Hyalinobatrachium orocostale (Rivero, 1968)
 Hyalinobatrachium pallidum (Rivero, 1985)
 Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum (Lynch and Duellman, 1973)
 Hyalinobatrachium talamancae (Taylor, 1952)
 Hyalinobatrachium tatayoi Castroviejo-Fisher, Ayarzagüena, and Vilà, 2007
 Hyalinobatrachium taylori (Goin, 1968)
 Hyalinobatrachium tricolor Castroviejo-Fisher, Vilà, Ayarzagüena, Blanc, and Ernst, 2011
 Hyalinobatrachium valerioi (Dunn, 1931)
 Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum (Starrett and Savage, 1973)
 Hyalinobatrachium viridissimum (Taylor, 1942)
 Hyalinobatrachium yaku Guayasamin, Cisneros-Heredia, Maynard, Lynch, Culebras, and Hamilton, 2017

References

 
Glass frogs
Amphibian genera
Amphibians of Central America
Amphibians of South America
Taxa named by John Douglas Lynch
Lipiodol

Lipiodol, also known as ethiodized oil, is a poppyseed oil used by injection as a radio-opaque contrast agent that is used to outline structures in radiological investigations. It is used in chemoembolization applications as a contrast agent in follow-up imaging. Lipiodol is also used in lymphangiography, the imaging of the lymphatic system. It has an additional use in gastric variceal obliteration as a dilutant that does not affect polymerization of cyanoacrylate.

Indications 
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of Lipiodol as a therapeutic agent in the management of unexplained infertility, using a procedure called Lipiodol flushing. There have been a small number of studies that suggest that flushing the media through the tubes gives a short-term rise in fecundity in patients with unexplained infertility. A systematic review has suggested a significant increase in fertility, especially in those women who have endometriosis when using Lipiodol flushing.

Historically Lipiodol was often used as a contrast medium at hysterosalpingography (HSG: a procedure to determine tubal patency, used in the investigation of subfertility). It became less commonly utilized in the 1960s to 1980s because the more modern water-soluble media give images that are easier to interpret. There is also an important safety issue with Lipiodol in that intravasation (leakage) of the fluid into the venous system has caused complications in the past.

Composition 
Ethiodized oil is composed of iodine combined with ethyl esters of fatty acids  of poppyseed oil, primarily as ethyl monoiodostearate and ethyl diiodostearate. The precise structure is not known.

History 
Lipiodol was first synthesized by Marcel Guerbet in the Paris School of Pharmacy in 1901. Historically, Lipiodol was the first iodinated contrast agent (used for myelography by two French physicians, Jacques Forestier and Jean Sicard in 1921).

Lipiodol or ethiodized oil for interventional procedure, was solely produced and marketed by Guerbet until Vivere Imaging launched its ethiodized oil in the brand name Vividol in 2022.

References

External links
 

Radiocontrast agents
Tournament director (poker)

In the game of poker, the tournament director (TD) is the individual charged with running the poker tournament. The job encompasses many roles, the most public of which is typically announcing the phrase "shuffle up and deal!" at the beginning of the day. A tournament director also declares the tournament blinds and ante structure.

Most tournament directors will be responsible for the structure of the game they are running to ensure the game is completed within a set time scale.  TDs also handle matters such as table consolidation, player registration, etiquette and procedure enforcement, and controlling the game at all stages including important stages such as when the players remaining are close to the bubble, the situation where the number of players remaining in a tournament is only slightly larger than the number of players that shall be getting paid.

The tournament director carries absolute authority before, during, and after any game of poker, and the decisions they make are final.  Players have no redress if they do not agree with a TDs decision.

Additionally, tournament directors perform such other tasks as adjudicating disputes between dealers and players and also among the players themselves. Tournament directors are (generally) employees of the casino that the tournament is being hosted at, although this varies. For example, Matt Savage has appeared at various made-for-TV tournaments such as King of Vegas, which do not take place at his place of employment. Other TDs work for travelling tournaments such as the World Poker Tour and the World Series of Poker.

Robert Thompson is another famous tournament director who has appeared on Bravo's Celebrity Poker Showdown ever since season one. Robert is known for saying the famous words of "Shuffle Up and Deal" occasionally throughout each episode of the show. Robert would also help out when some of the players wanted to make a bet or a raise, assuring that the proper amount of chips were put out.

Some of the most noted tournament directors in the world today are Matt Savage, who works with various tour circuits, Jack Effel who is the World Series of Poker tournament director and Thomas Kremser, who is the leading tournament director for major events in Europe.

Poker gameplay and terminology
Çukurca

Çukurca (, , ) is a municipality (belde) and seat of Çukurca District in Hakkâri Province of Turkey. The city is populated by Kurds of the Ertoşî and Pinyanişî tribes and had a population of 7,485 in 2022. The mayor is Ensar Dündar from Justice and Development Party since 2019.

Neighborhoods 
Çukurca is divided into the three neighborhoods of Cumhuriyet, Emirşaban and Yeşilçeşme.

Jews 
Northeastern Jewish Aramaic-speaking Jews lived here historically; most fled during Sayfo, and the last remaining members of the community emigrated to Israel in 1951.

Population 
Population history from 2007 to 2022:

Climate 
Çukurca has a hot-summer subtype (Köppen: Dsa) of the humid continental climate.

References

Populated places in Hakkâri Province
Kurdish settlements in Hakkâri Province
Çukurca District
District municipalities in Turkey
Sandane

Sandane is the administrative centre of the municipality of Gloppen in Vestland county, Norway.  It is located at the end of the Gloppefjorden, along the European route E39 highway.  Sandane is  south of the village of Nordfjordeid and about  west of the village of Byrkjelo. Sandane Airport, Anda is located  northwest of Sandane along highway E39.  Sandane has several suburban areas that surround the nearby fjord such as Sørstranda to the west and Vereide to the northwest.

The  village has a population (2019) of 2,447 and a population density of .  The Firda Upper Secondary School and Sandane Church are both located in Sandane.  Sandane is located close to the lake Breimsvatn, the Myklebustbreen glacier, and Jostedalsbreen National Park.

Culture
The Glopperock festival has been held in Sandane since 1980.

References

External links

Villages in Vestland
Gloppen
Çumra

Çumra is a municipality and district of Konya Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,089 km2, and its population is 67,690 (2022).

Geography
The town of Çumra is at an altitude of 1,020 m. It is an important stop on the Istanbul to Baghdad railway. It is central to the 500 km²/120,000 acre Çumra irrigation zone, in the Konya Plain, that was established in 1912.

History
Neolithic (c. 8000 BC) archaeological discoveries have been found at Çatalhöyük.

In the 12th century the Konya plain experienced its second great cultural period, when the city became the capital of the Seljuk Turks.

Archaeological findings 
In 2019, a farmer near the site of Türkmen-Karahöyük, a Bronze and Iron Age mounded settlement discovered a stone stele commissioned by Hartapu to commemorate his victory over Phrygia written in Luwian Hieroglyphics. Archaeologists from the University of Chicago joined the Konya Regional Archaeological Survey Project to excavate the stele, and the excavations of the archaeological mound at the site, which is believed to be the capital of Hartapu's as yet unnamed kingdom, will continue in 2020. In February 2020, archaeologists announced the discovery of Luwian hieroglyphs on the stone stele pulled out of the irrigation ditch next to the ancient mound of Türkmen-Karahöyük, describing the military victory of "Great King Hartapu" over an alliance of 13 kings. The description has a reference to defeating the royal house of Phrygia, which included King Midas.

Composition
There are 53 neighbourhoods in Çumra District:

 Abditolu
 Adakale
 Afşar
 Alemdar
 Alibeyhüyüğü
 Alıssa
 Apa
 Apasaraycık
 Arıkören
 Avdul
 Bağlar
 Bakkalbaşı
 Balçıkhisar
 Baraj
 Bardakcı
 Beylerce
 Büyükaşlama
 Çaybaşı
 Çiçek
 Çukurkavak
 Cumhuriyet
 Dedemoğlu
 Dinek
 Dineksaray
 Dinlendik
 Doğanlı
 Erentepe
 Fethiye
 Gökhüyük
 Güvercinlik
 Hürriyet
 İçeriçumra
 İnli
 İstiklal
 İzzetbey
 Karkın
 Küçükköy
 Kuzucu
 Meydan
 Okçu
 Seçme
 Sürgüç
 Tahtalı
 Taşağıl
 Türkmencamili
 Türkmenkarahüyük
 Üçhüyük
 Ürünlü
 Uzunkuyu
 Yenidoğan
 Yenimahalle
 Yenisu
 Yörükcamili

Industry 
Konya Şeker has a sugar factory with a small coal-fired autoproducer power plant, one of the Çoban Yıldızı power stations.

References

External links
 District governor's official website 
 District municipality's official website 

 
Populated places in Konya Province
Districts of Konya Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Maurice Journeau

Maurice Journeau (17 November 1898 – 9 June 1999) was a French composer born in Biarritz. He composed from 1921 to 1984. He died in Versailles.

Works
Works for piano
Valse
Deux mélodies
Fugue
Quatuor à cordes
Sur l'Etang
Pièces enfantines
Ronde enfantine
Humoresque
Suite pour les jeunes
Divertissement pour deux pianos
Simple Cantilène
Le Furet
Toccata
Impromptus

External links
Maurice Journeau

1898 births
1999 deaths
People from Biarritz
École Normale de Musique de Paris alumni
20th-century classical composers
French classical composers
French male classical composers
French centenarians
20th-century French composers
20th-century French male musicians
Men centenarians
Damal

Damal, formerly Petereke, is a town in Ardahan Province of Turkey, on the road from Kars to Posof. It is the seat of Damal District. Its population is 2,890 (2021). It consists of 8 quarters, including İnönü. The town is populated by Turkmens.

References

Populated places in Ardahan Province
Damal District
District municipalities in Turkey
Saint-Pierre Airport

Saint-Pierre Airport ()  is a regional airport located  south of Saint-Pierre, in the French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, off the east coast of Canada near Newfoundland.

Overview
The airport was completed in August 1999 and consists of four buildings and a control tower. The old airport, opened in 1965 and located on the south side of the inner harbour, was re-located due to the lack of room for expansion (The current runway is  when compared to the old 11/29 at ). The main terminal building is a two storey structure. The old airport is located in city centre of St. Pierre and is being redeveloped for housing complexes. The control tower, terminal building, hangar, and part of the old runway (mark number 29) are intact. The airport project cost 370 million French francs.

Unusually, the airport's ICAO airport code, LFVP, begins with an L, representative of the codes used in France (and nearly all of southern Europe), despite the geographical proximity to Canada's codes which begin with C. While not entirely unheard of elsewhere, it is rarely seen in airports of other overseas territories or possessions of European nations, including France, which tend to hew to the most geographically relevant letter code, as opposed to the most politically relevant. Airports in French Guiana, for example, use South America's S prefix, despite French Guiana's being an overseas department of France.

Facilities
  passenger terminal
  maintenance building to store snow plows
  aircraft hangars and workshop
  civil aviation buildings

The airport currently handles turboprop aircraft and Boeing 737.

All other aircraft at the airport are private aircraft for general aviation.

Airline and destinations 

In July 2018, the first nonstop flights from the islands to mainland France launched on Air Saint-Pierre with seasonal summer service from Saint-Pierre directly to Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris serviced by ASL Airlines France Boeing 737. Previously, all connecting traffic to mainland France was done through airports in Canada, such as Halifax or Montréal–Trudeau.

Statistics

Gallery

See also
List of airports in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Miquelon Airport
Transport in Saint Pierre and Miquelon

References

External links

 Le Service de l'Aviation Civile de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon 

Airports in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint-Pierre, Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Airports established in 1999
1999 establishments in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Miquelon Airport

Miquelon Airport ()  is a regional airport on  Miquelon Island that the commune (municipality) of Miquelon-Langlade, in the French overseas community (collectivité d'outre-mer) of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, off the eastern coast of North America in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Overview
The main passenger building contains the check-in counters (small structure) connected with the control tower and fire fighting station located in the larger service building.

Airline and destination 

There are no direct flights from mainland France. Connecting flights (with Air Canada, Air France, Air Transat or Corsair International) to mainland France required a transfer via Saint-Pierre en route to Montréal–Trudeau airport, or to catch a seasonal flight (operated by ASL Airlines France) once weekly from Saint-Pierre to Paris. Seasonal flight was restored in 2019 and 2023 (suspended due to COVID-19 in 2021 and 2022).

The airport's runways are capable of handling turboprop or small jet aircraft only.

Statistics

Gallery

See also
Saint-Pierre Airport
Transport in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
List of airports in Saint Pierre and Miquelon

References

External links 

 Le Service de l'Aviation Civile de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon 
 Travel Resources for Saint-Pierre & Miquelon

Airports in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Miquelon-Langlade
MQC

MQC or mqc may refer to:

 MQC, the IATA code for Miquelon Airport, Miquelon Island
 mqc, the ISO 639-3 code for Mangole language, Indonesia
Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research

The Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research (, IDSIA) is a research institution based in Lugano, in  Canton Ticino in southern Switzerland. It was founded in 1988 by Angelo Dalle Molle through the private Fondation Dalle Molle. In 2000 it became a public research institute, affiliated with the Università della Svizzera italiana and SUPSI in Ticino, Switzerland. In 1997 it was listed among the top ten artificial intelligence laboratories, and among the top four in the field of biologically-inspired AI.

In 2007 a robotics lab with focus on intelligent and learning robots, especially in the fields of swarm and humanoid robotics, was established.

Between 2009 and 2012, artificial neural networks developed at the institute won eight international competitions in pattern recognition and machine learning.

IDSIA is one of four Swiss research organisations founded by the Dalle Molle foundation, of which three are in the field of artificial intelligence.

See also 
 Science and technology in Switzerland

References 

Artificial intelligence laboratories
Laboratories in Switzerland
Research institutes in Switzerland
University of Lugano
Schools in the canton of Ticino
Educational institutions established in 1988
Research institutes established in 1988
1988 establishments in Switzerland
Bobby Brown (disambiguation)

Bobby Brown (born 1969) is an American R&B singer.

Bobby Brown may also refer to:

People

Association footballers
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1887), English footballer
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1923) (1923–2020), Scottish goalkeeper and manager
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1931) (1931–2019), Scottish full back
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1940), English centre forward in the 1960s with Northampton and Cardiff
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1953), English midfielder for Sheffield Wednesday
Bobby Brown (footballer, born 1955), Scottish full back

Other sportspeople
Bobby Brown (wide receiver) (born 1977), American football player
Bobby Brown III (born 2000), American football defensive lineman
Bobby Brown (third baseman) (1924–2021), American baseball player and executive
Bobby Brown (outfielder) (born 1954), American baseball player
Bobby Brown (basketball) (born 1984), American basketball player
Bobby Brown (freestyle skier) (born 1991), American freeskier

Other uses 
 "Bobby Brown" (song), a 1979 song from the Frank Zappa album Sheik Yerbouti
 Bobby Brown Park, a Georgia state park near the South Carolina border

See also
Bobbi Brown (born 1957), American makeup artist and author
Bobbie Brown (born 1969), American actress, model, and Miss Louisiana Teen USA 1987
Bobbie E. Brown (1903–1971), World War II Congressional Medal of Honor recipient
Bobbi Kristina Brown (1993–2015), American media personality and daughter of Whitney Houston and Bobby Brown
Millie Bobby Brown (born 2004), English actress and model
Bobbi Brown, wife of Wyoming U.S. Senator John Barrasso
Bob Brown (disambiguation)
Rob Brown (disambiguation)
Robby Brown (disambiguation)
Robert Brown (disambiguation)
Robert Browne (disambiguation)

Brown, Bobby
Dargeçit

Dargeçit () is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 519 km2, and its population is 27,147 (2022). The town is principally populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe.

History 
In the nineteenth century, all the urban settlements in this zone, including Midyat and Kerboran, as well as Mardin and a lot of villages around them and in the Tur Abdin area were populated by Assyrians.

The district Dargeçit was established in 1987. Since the 2013 administrative reform, Dargeçit is a metropolitan district and municipality. Prior to the reform, the district comprised the main town of Dargeçit (four neighbourhoods: Bahçebaşı, Safa, Saray and Tepebaşı), two towns (Kılavuz and Sümer), thirty-six villages and twenty-six hamlets.

Composition
There are 41 neighbourhoods in Dargeçit District:

 Akçaköy ()
 Akyol ()
 Alayunt ()
 Altınoluk ()
 Altıyol ()
 Bağözü ()
 Bahçebaşı
 Batur ()
 Baysun ()
 Beğendi ()
 Belen ()
 Bostanlı ()
 Çatalan ()
 Çatalçam ()
 Çavuşlu ()
 Çelikköy ()
 Çukurdere ()
 Değerli ()
 Gürgen ()
 Gürışık ()
 Ilısu ()
 Karabayır ()
 Kartalkaya ()
 Kılavuz ()
 Kısmetli ()
 Korucu ()
 Kumdere ()
 Kuşluca ()
 Ormaniçi ()
 Safa
 Saray
 Suçatı ()
 Sümer ()
 Tanyeri ()
 Tavşanlı ()
 Temelli ()
 Tepebaşı
 Ulaş ()
 Yanılmaz ()
 Yılmaz ()
 Yoncalı ()

References 

 
Tur Abdin
Assyrian communities in Turkey
Populated places in Mardin Province
Districts of Mardin Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Kurdish settlements in Mardin Province
Negative logic

Negative logic may refer to:

 Negative logic, a representation of logic level
 Negation

See also
 Logic family
Furuhjelm family

The Furuhjelm family is a Swedish and Finnish noble family from Stockholm. The earliest reference dates back to 16th century, with merchant Olof Naucler being the oldest of known ancestors. The family is thought to be of German origin. The surname Furuhjelm originated in 1776. The coat of arms was registered at Finland's Riddarhus (House of Nobility) in 1818.

Notable members
Johan Hampus Furuhjelm (1821–1909), Russian vice-admiral, explorer, President of Russian-American Company, Governor of Taganrog in 1874–1876, Governor of Russian America, 1859–1863
 (1813–1892), Hero of the Crimean War during the siege of Bomarsund fortress, awarded with an Order of the White Eagle in 1879
Otto Wilhelm Furuhjelm (1819–1883), Russian lieutenant-general of Finnish descent
, governor of Oulu (province) in 1901–1903
Annie Furuhjelm (1859–1937), one of the foremost figures within the international women's movement and a member of Finland's Parliament.
Ragnar Furuhjelm (1879–1944), a Finnish astronomer and politician

See also
List of Swedish noble families
List of Finnish noble families

References

External links
Peerage of the Furuhjelms at Sweden's House of Nobility 
Peerage of the Furuhjelms at Finland's House of Nobility  

Swedish noble families
Finnish families of German ancestry
Finnish families of Swedish ancestry
Finnish noble families
Delice

Delice is a town in Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Delice District. Its population is 3,383 (2022).

References 

Populated places in Delice District
District municipalities in Turkey
Demirci

Demirci is a municipality and district of Manisa Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,321 km2, and its population is 36,620 (2022). The town lies at an elevation of .

History
From 1867 until 1922, Demirci was part of the Aidin Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. At the 2013 reorganisation, it lost part of its territory to the district of Köprübaşı.

Composition
There are 101 neighbourhoods in Demirci District:

 Ahatlar
 Ahmetler
 Akdere
 Akıncılar
 Alaağaç
 Armutlu
 Ayvaalanı
 Azizbey
 Bahçeler
 Bardakçı
 Bayramşah
 Beyazıt
 Boyacık
 Bozcaatlı
 Bozköy
 Büyükkıran
 Çağıllar
 Camii Atik
 Çamköy
 Çamlıca
 Çanakçı
 Çandır
 Çardaklı
 Çataloluk
 Cumhuriyet
 Danişmentler
 Demirci
 Dr.Akarsu
 Durhasan
 Elek
 Erişler
 Esenyurt
 Eskihisar
 Fatih
 Gömeçler
 Gümele
 Gürçeşme
 Güveli
 Hacıbaba
 Hacıhamza
 Hacıhasan
 Hacıtürbek
 Hırkalı
 Hoşçalar
 Hüdük
 İçhisar
 İcikler
 Iklıkçı
 İmceler
 İmrenler
 İsmailler
 Karaisalar
 Kargınışıklar
 Kasımfakı
 Kayaköy
 Kayranokçular
 Kazancı
 Kerpiçlik
 Kılavuzlar
 Kışlak
 Köpüler
 Kovancı
 Köylüce
 Küçükkıran
 Küçükoba
 Kulalar
 Kuzayır
 Kuzuköy
 Mahmutlar
 Marmaracık
 Mezitler
 Minnetler
 Mitatpaşa
 Öksüzlü
 Ören
 Örücüler
 Pazar
 Rahmanlar
 Sağnıç
 Sayık
 Secaettin
 Şehreküstü
 Serçeler
 Sevinçler
 Sinan
 Sofular
 Söğütçük
 Talas
 Taşokçular
 Tekeler
 Teperik
 Ulacık
 Üşümüş
 Yağmur
 Yarbasan
 Yavaşlar
 Yeğenler
 Yenice
 Yeşildere
 Yeşiloba
 Yiğitler

Economy
Demirci is one of the well known handmade Turkish carpet production centers in Manisa. Demirci carpets have different pattern and styles, such as "Yağcıbedir carpet" ().

References

External links
 District governor's official website 
 Road map of Demirci and environs
 Various images of Demirci, Manisa

Populated places in Manisa Province
Districts of Manisa Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey
Hylomantis

Hylomantis is a genus of tree frogs, the rough leaf frogs, native to the Atlantic forest in eastern Brazil. There are two recognized species; several others formerly placed in this genus now are placed in Agalychnis.

Species

References 

 
Amphibian genera
Taxa named by Wilhelm Peters
Demirköy, Kırklareli

Demirköy (, "iron village"; known as Малък Самоков, Malak Samokov in Bulgarian) is a town in Kırklareli Province, in the Marmara region of Turkey. It is the seat of Demirköy District. Its population is 3,489 (2022). According to the Ottoman population statistics of 1914, the kaza of Demirköy had a total population of 9,133, consisting of 5,110 Greeks and 4,023 Muslims. The inhabitants are mainly descendants of Pomaks Muslims from the village of Tisovo and other villages from the Greek side of the Chech region who were settled in Demirköy during the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923/1924. Prior to that, the village was known as Samakovo () or Samokov ().

The mayor is Recep Gün, elected in 2019.

Visitor attractions

A historic metalworking facility dating back to the 15th century, the Demirköy Foundry (),  currently an archaeological site, is located  southeast of Demirköy.

The Dupnisa Cave () is a show cave located deep in the Strandzha forests  southwest of the town.

The İğneada Floodplain Forests National Park () is at  east of Demirköy near İğneada. The Lake Saka Nature Reserve is situated inside the national park.

References

Populated places in Demirköy District
Pomak communities in Turkey
District municipalities in Turkey
Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher

Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (12 February 1845, in Göttingen – 9 March 1923, in Dresden) was a German classical scholar. He specialized in studies of Greek and Roman mythology.

He received his education at the Universities of Göttingen and Leipzig, obtaining his PhD in 1868. While at Leipzig, from encouragement by Friedrich Ritschl, he along with fellow students Wilhelm Wisser, Richard Arnold and Friedrich Nietzsche, formed a student philological association in December 1865. Since 1871 he taught classes at the Fürstenschule in Meissen, and from 1882, served as vice-principal at the gymnasium in Wurzen. In 1894, he was appointed school rector. After his retirement in 1905 he lived and worked in Dresden. During his career, he travelled extensively in Europe, his research trips taking him to Italy, France, Dalmatia, Montenegro, Greece and Asia Minor.

The economist Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher (1817–1894) was his father.

Written works 
He is best known for his lexicon, the Ausführliches Lexikon der griechischen und römischen Mythologie ("Detailed dictionary of Greek and Roman mythology", 1884–1937; 6 volumes with 4 supplementary volumes, the dictionary being completed by Konrat Ziegler). He also published Neue Omphalosstudien: Ein archäologischer Beitrag zur vergleichenden Religionswissenschaft (1915), an archaeological study of the Omphalos myth. Other significant works by Roscher are:
 Studien Zur Vergleichenden Mythologie Der Griechen und Römer, 1873 – Studies in comparative mythology of the Greeks and Romans.
 Das tiefe Naturgefühl der Griechen und Römer in seiner historischen Entwickelung, 1875 – The deep Naturgefühl of the Greeks and Romans in their historical development.
 Die Gorgonen und Verwandtes: Eine Vorarbeit zu einem Handbuch der griechischen Mythologie vom vergleichenden Standpunkt, 1879 – The Gorgons and related issues: a preliminary work for a handbook of Greek mythology from a comparative point of view.
 Nektar und Ambrosia: Mit einem Anhang über die Grundbedeutung der Aphrodite und Athene, 1883 – Nectar and ambrosia: With an appendix on the basic meanings of Aphrodite and Athena.
 Über Selene und Verwandtes, 1890 – On Selene and related issues.
 Ephialtes: Eine pathologisch-mythologische Abhandlung über die Alptraume und Alpdämonen des Klassischen Altertums, 1900 – Ephialtes: A pathological-mythological treatise on nightmares and the Alpdämonen of classical antiquity.
 Die Hebdomadenlehren der griechischen Philosophen und Aerzte, 1906 – The Hebdomadenlehren of Greek philosophers and physicians.

References

External links

1845 births
1923 deaths
German classical scholars
University of Göttingen alumni
Leipzig University alumni
Writers from Göttingen
People from the Kingdom of Hanover
Derebucak

Derebucak is a municipality and district of Konya Province, Turkey. Its area is 451 km2, and its population is 5,690 (2022).

Derebucak Çamlık Caves are a group of 13 caves in Çamlık town registered as a natural monument.

Composition
There are 12 neighbourhoods in Derebucak District:

 Çamlık
 Durak
 Gencek
 Göynem
 Kenankuyu
 Musalla
 Pınarbaşı
 Sarayönü
 Taşlıpınar
 Tepearası
 Uğurlu
 Yeni

References

External links
 District governor's official website 
 District municipality's official website 

 
Populated places in Konya Province
Districts of Konya Province
Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey