alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Word of mouth (disambiguation)

Word of mouth is a method of communication.

Word of Mouth may also refer to:

Word of Mouth (TV series), a TV show hosted by Sandy Daza and Teacher Patty in the Philippines
Word of Mouth (DVD), a stand-up DVD by Doug Stanhope
Word of Mouth (radio programme), a BBC Radio 4 programme presented by Michael Rosen
Word of Mouth (journal), a peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of education

In music:
Word of Mouth (Toni Basil album), 1982
Word of Mouth (The Blueskins album), 2004
Word of Mouth (Matt Finish album), 1984
Word of Mouth (Vin Garbutt album), 1999
Word of Mouth (The Kinks album), 1984
"Word of Mouth" (The Kinks song), 1984
Word of Mouth (Mike + The Mechanics album), 1991
"Word of Mouth" (Mike + The Mechanics song), 1991
Word of Mouth (Jaco Pastorius album), 1981
Word of Mouth (John Reuben album), 2007
Word of Mouth (Vicious Rumors album), 1994
Word of Mouth (The Wanted album), 2013

See also
Word-of-mouth marketing (aka WOMM), a method of marketing that deliberately employs word of mouth
Word of Mouf, a 2001 album by Ludacris
Phan Bá Vành

Phan Bá Vành (潘伯鑅, died March 12, 1827), a native of Minh Giám village (now Vũ Tiên, Thái Bình Province in coastal northern Vietnam), was the charismatic leader of one of Vietnam's largest peasant uprisings, the Phan Bá Vành's Rebellion, against the Emperor Minh Mạng, the second emperor of Nguyễn dynasty.  At the height of the insurgency, the command of Bá Vành's army had as many as 24 commanders with bases in many localities.  He is believed to have died on the battlefield on March 12, 1827, thus ending six years of rebellion.

References

1827 deaths
Nguyen dynasty
Year of birth unknown
Fish curve

A fish curve is an ellipse negative pedal curve that is shaped like a fish. In a fish curve, the pedal point is at the focus for the special case of the squared eccentricity . The parametric equations for a fish curve correspond to those of the associated ellipse.

Equations
For an ellipse with the parametric equations

the corresponding fish curve has parametric equations

When the origin is translated to the node (the crossing point), the Cartesian equation can be written as:

Area
The area of a fish curve is given by:

,

so the area of the tail and head are given by:

giving the overall area for the fish as: 

.

Curvature, arc length, and tangential angle
The arc length of the curve is given by .

The curvature of a fish curve is given by:

,

and the tangential angle is given by:

where  is the complex argument.

References

Plane curves
Simo Matavulj

Simo Matavulj (, 14 September 1852 – 20 February 1908) was a Serbian writer. 

He was a representative of lyric realism, especially in short prose. As a writer, he is best known for employing his skill in holding up to ridicule the peculiar foibles of the Dalmatian folk.

He was an honorary member of the Matica srpska of Novi Sad, the first president of the Association of Writers of Serbia, president of the Society of Artists of Serbia and a member of the Serbian Royal Academy.

Legacy
Nobel prize winner Ivo Andrić called him "the master storyteller".

Works

Noć uoči Ivanje, Zadar, 1873.
Naši prosjaci, Zadar, 1881.
Iz Crne Gore i Primorja I, Novi Sad, 1888.
Iz Crne Gore i Primorja II, Cetinje, 1889.
Novo oružje, Belgrade, 1890.
Iz prіmorskog žіvota, Zagreb, 1890.
Sa Jadrana, Belgrade, 1891.
Iz beogradskog života, Belgrade, 1891.
Bakonja fra-Brne, Belgrade, 1892.
Uskok, Belgrade, 1893.
Iz raznijeh krajeva, Mostar, 1893.
Boka i Bokelji, Novi Sad, 1893.
Primorska obličja, Novi Sad, 1899.
Deset godina u Mavritaniji, Belgrade, 1899.
Tri pripovetke, Mostar, 1899.
Na pragu drugog života, Sremski Karlovci, 1899.
S mora i planine, Novi Sad, 1901.
Beogradske priče, Belgrade, 1902.
Pošljednji vitezovi i Svrzimantija, Mostar, 1903.
Život, Belgrade 1904.
Na slavi, Belgrade, 1904.
Zavjet, Belgrade, 1904.
Car Duklijan, Mostar, 1906.
Nemirne duše, Belgrade, 1908.
Bilješke jednoga pisca, Belgrade, 1923.
Golub Dobrašinović

Translations
Na vodi by Guy de Maupassant, 1893.
Vilina knjiga, a collection of fairy tales, 1894.
Bleak House by Charles Dickens 1893.
Zimske priče by M. de Vogie, 1894.
The dream by Émile Zola
Pučanin kao vlastelin by Moliere, 1906.
The Misanthrope by Moliere,
The Imitation of Christ by Thomas à Kempis, unpublished during Matavulj's lifetime

References

 Translated and adapted from Jovan Skerlić's Istorija nove srpske književnosti / History of New Serbian Literature (Belgrade, 1921), pp. 390–395.

External links

  Extensive biography

1852 births
1908 deaths
People from Šibenik
Writers from the Kingdom of Dalmatia
Serbs of Croatia
Serbian novelists
Serbian writers
19th-century novelists
Writers from Austria-Hungary
Immigrants to the Kingdom of Serbia
Envy (disambiguation)

Envy is an emotion, evoked when one person strongly desires what another has.

Envy may also refer to:

Books
Envy (novel) (Zavist'), a 1927 novel by Yuri Olesha
Envy, a Fullmetal Alchemist character

Films
Envy (2004 film), an American comedy film
Envy (2009 film), a Turkish drama film

Music
DJ Envy (born 1977), an American DJ and radio personality
 Envy, American band consisting of Rhonni and Gina Stile
 Envy, an Indonesian hip hop collective since 2018
Envy (band), a Japanese post-hardcore band
Envy (English rapper) (born 1987)
Nico & Vinz or Envy, a Norwegian hip-hop duo

Albums
Envy (Ambitious Lovers album) (1984)
Envy (Eve's Plum album) (1993)

Songs
"Envy", a song appearing on Lunch. Drunk. Love. by Bowling For Soup
"Envy" (movie theme song), a movie theme by Dan Navarro, from the 2004 film Envy
"Envy" (song), a song by Ash

Places
Envy, Switzerland
Envy, United States Virgin Islands
 The ICAO code for Værøy Airport, an airport formerly serving Værøy

Other uses
Envy (apple), a trademarked brand of the Scilate apple variety, a cross between Royal Gala and Braeburn
Envy (dinghy), a type of fibreglass sailing dinghy
HP Envy, a line of laptops by Hewlett-Packard
Team Envy or Team EnVyUs, an international eSports organization based in the United States
Sony Ericsson W950

The Sony Ericsson W950i is the third UIQ 3 smartphone based on Symbian OS v9.1. It was announced on February 13, 2006, a week after the announcement of the Sony Ericsson M600.

Background 
The W950 is Sony Ericsson's sixth 'Walkman'-series phone. One of its distinguishing features is the 4 GB internal flash memory, perfect for media storage. However, it does not support memory expansion with any type of memory card.

Hardware 
With many core similarities to the M600, the W950 also uses the UIQ 3 software platform, which is based upon Symbian OS 9.1. The touchscreen displays 262,144 colours (18-bit colour depth) with a resolution of 240x320 pixels at 2.6 inches long in diagonal. The W950 runs on the Nexperia PNX4008 ARM9 208 MHz processor from Philips and has 64MB RAM and 128MB Flash ROM. This processor also includes a PowerVR MBX GPU for hardware-accelerated 3D graphics.

Developing for the W950i 
Since the W950i is based upon the UIQ platform, it is easy to make third party applications that can be downloaded to the phone. Developers can choose their preferred programming language (Java, C++, etc.) and IDE (Visual Studio, CodeWarrior, Eclipse, Carbide, NetBeans).

References

External links 

 Official Sony Ericsson W958c Webpage
 Official Sony Ericsson W950i Webpage
 Sony Ericsson
 UIQ
 Official UIQ developer portal
 Sony Ericsson W950 walkman announced - Article from All About Symbian

W950i
UIQ 3 Phones
Mobile phones introduced in 2006
Mobile phones with infrared transmitter
David Macpherson (engineer)

David Joseph Macpherson (January 12, 1854 – October 16, 1927) was a Canadian-born civil engineer, mainly known for his work on railroads in North America.

Early career
Macpherson was born in Canada West, and graduated from Cornell University. His first work was as a city planner for San Antonio, Texas, but he is more recognized for his work on railroads, specifically the one from Ciudad Juárez to Mexico City, and the Santa Fe Railroad.

He was the sole survivor of six children who died from consumption or other diseases. This prompted his move to Pasadena, California, in 1885. Pasadena was known for its climate conducive to good health. There he moved into a Dutch Colonial home in the unincorporated area of the Pasadena Highlands.

Mount Lowe Railway
Though he spent time in developments in Pasadena, and was even once the Chairman of the Pasadena Board of Education, he wandered extensively about the foothills conjuring ideas about the development of a scenic mountain railroad to the crest of the San Gabriel Mountains. This idea had been brought up many times by the locals of Pasadena and Sierra Madre alike. It was not until he was introduced to the millionaire Professor Thaddeus S. C. Lowe by Perry M. Green, president of the Pasadena First National Bank, that any idea of funding such a venture came to the fore. Lowe retired to Pasadena from Norristown, Pa., and moved into a . mansion on Orange Grove Blvd., Pasadena in 1890.

Together the men formed the Pasadena & Mt. Wilson Railroad and made plans for a steam cogwheel train to the summit of Mt. Wilson, the likes of which would rival the ones at Mt. Washington, Vermont, and Pikes Peak. Unable to obtain rights of way, the men turned their plans in the direction of Oak Mountain, to become Mount Lowe. The plan for the Mount Lowe Railway was also changed to incorporate an electric  streetcar or trolley and a cable car funicular.

Macpherson's designs of trestles and bridges went beyond the engineering standards of the day, particularly the Macpherson Trestle, which was designed to negotiate a deep granite chasm along  of track on a 62% grade.

Altadena
Macpherson acquired the narrow strip of land on which his house was settled, which ran not more than a block wide and a mile in length through the Pasadena Highlands and into Altadena. He laid out the streets and named them after his favorite American railroads, south to north: Washington Street; Rio Grande St.; Denver become Howard St.; Santa Fe become Elizabeth St.; Topeka St.; Atchison St.; Erie become Woodbury Rd. east of Lake; New York Dr.; Albany become closed (portions renamed Sonoma Dr); Maine become closed; and Boston St.

In 1920 he built a new home on the corner of Atchison and Mar Vista which, after Pasadena annexation was stopped, remains in Altadena. He died in Pasadena, aged 73.

References

 

1854 births
1927 deaths
American railway civil engineers
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Canadian people in rail transport
American railroad pioneers
Canadian railway pioneers
Altadena, California
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Ekaterina Dafovska

Sport name(), real name Genevieve ( born February 1970 year, Varna, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian biathlete. She took up the biathlon in 1992. She made the national team in 1993 and came in 29th in the 15-kilometer competition at the Lillehammer Olympics the following year.  She won a gold Olympic medal at the 15 km Individual event during the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. , her gold medal is the only one won by a Bulgarian at a Winter Olympic games.

Dafovska is an administrator from Chepelare.

Achievements
1995 – Bronze in the World Championship in Media:Antholz-Anterselva, Italy
1997 – Bronze in the World Championship in Brezno-Osrblie, Slovakia
1998 – Gold in the Olympic games in Nagano, Japan
2002 – Fifth place in the Olympic Games in Salt Lake City, USA
2004 – Gold in the European Championship in Minsk, Belarus
2006 – 8th in the Olympic games in Torino, Italy

References

1975 births
Living people
Bulgarian female biathletes
Olympic biathletes for Bulgaria
Olympic gold medalists for Bulgaria
Biathletes at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Biathletes at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Olympic medalists in biathlon
Biathlon World Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
People from Chepelare
21st-century Bulgarian women
21st-century Bulgarian people
Patrick Devlin

Patrick Devlin may refer to:

Pat Devlin (American football) (born 1988), American football quarterback
Pat Devlin (footballer) (born 1953), Irish footballer and manager
Patrick Devlin, Baron Devlin (1905–1992), British law lord
L. Patrick Devlin, professor of communication at the University of Rhode Island
Paddy Devlin (1925–1999), Northern Irish politician
Frenkel defect

In crystallography, a Frenkel defect is a type of point defect in crystalline solids, named after its discoverer Yakov Frenkel. The defect forms when an atom or smaller ion (usually cation) leaves its place in the lattice, creating a vacancy and becomes an interstitial by lodging in a nearby location. In elemental systems, they are primarily generated during particle irradiation, as their formation enthalpy is typically much higher than for other point defects, such as vacancies, and thus their equilibrium concentration according to the Boltzmann distribution is below the detection limit. In ionic crystals, which usually possess low coordination number or a considerable disparity in the sizes of the ions, this defect can be generated also spontaneously, where the smaller ion (usually the cation) is dislocated. Similar to a Schottky defect the Frenkel defect is a stoichiometric defect (does not change the over all stoichiometry of the compound). In ionic compounds, the vacancy and interstitial defect involved are oppositely charged and one might expect them to be located close to each other due to electrostatic attraction. However, this is not likely the case in real material due to smaller entropy of such a coupled defect, or because the two defects might collapse into each other.  Also, because such coupled complex defects are stoichiometric, their concentration will be independent of chemical conditions.

Effect on density
Even though Frenkel defects involve only the migration of the ions within the crystal, the total volume and thus the density is not necessarily changed: in particular for close-packed systems, the lattice expansion due to the strains induced by the interstitial atom typically dominates over the lattice contraction due to the vacancy, leading to a decrease of density.

Examples

Frenkel defects are exhibited in ionic solids with a large size difference between the anion and cation (with the cation usually smaller due to an increased effective nuclear charge)

Some examples of solids which exhibit Frenkel defects:
 zinc sulfide,
 silver(I) chloride,
 silver(I) bromide (also shows Schottky defects),
 silver(I) iodide.
These are due to the comparatively smaller size of Zn^2+ and Ag+ ions.

For example, consider a lattice formed by Xn− and Mn+ ions. Suppose an M ion leaves the M sublattice, leaving the X sublattice unchanged. The number of interstitials formed will equal the number of vacancies formed.

One form of a Frenkel defect reaction in MgO with the oxide anion leaving the lattice and going into the interstitial site written in Kröger–Vink notation:

Mg + O → O + v + Mg

This can be illustrated with the example of the sodium chloride crystal structure. The diagrams below are schematic two-dimensional representations.

See also
Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS)
Schottky defect
Wigner effect
Crystallographic defect

References

Further reading
 

Crystallographic defects
Caroline Grills

Caroline Grills (née Mickelson; between 1888 and 1890 – 6 October 1960) was an Australian serial killer who poisoned her victims. She was predominantly a comfort killer, who murdered well-off members of her extended family to maintain a respectable lifestyle, but her later murders had more unclear motives.

Biography
Caroline Michelson was the daughter of Mary Preiers and George Michelson in Balmain, Sydney, and born between 1888 and 1890. She married Richard William Grills on 22 April 1908, with whom she had four sons.

She first became a murder suspect in 1947 after the deaths of four family members: her 87-year-old stepmother Christine Mickelson; relatives by marriage Angelina Thomas and John Lundberg; and sister in law Mary Anne Mickelson. Authorities tested tea she had given to two additional family members (Christine Downey and John Downey of Redfern) on 13 April 1953, and detected the then-common household rat poison, thallium. At the time, thallium was easy to buy over the counter in New South Wales. Mickelson had inherited from Grills' father a house in Gladesville, and Grills was speculated to have murdered her to inherit it. Similarly, Thomas was a close family friend of the Grills couple and had left her holiday home in the Blue Mountains to the couple.

Grills, a short woman who wore thick-rimmed dark glasses, commonly served her friends and in-laws tea, cakes and biscuits. She appeared in court charged with four murders and three attempted murders (the third being Eveline Lundberg, of Redfern, Christine Downey's mother) in October 1953. She was convicted on 15 October 1953 and sentenced to death, but her sentence was later changed to life in prison. She became affectionately known as "Aunt Thally" (a punning reference to "Aunt Sally") to other inmates of Sydney's Long Bay Prison. In October 1960, she was rushed to the Prince Henry Hospital at Randwick where she died from peritonitis from a ruptured gastric ulcer. In the months that followed more cases of thallium poisoning were stated, including notably, prominent Australian Rugby League footballer Bobby Lulham.

See also
List of serial killers by country
Recipe for Murder (film)

References

 Hidden Evidence: Forty true crimes and how forensic science helped solve them by David Owen (Firefly Books, September 2000).
Murder! 25 True Australian Crimes by Vivien Encel & Alan Sharpe

1960 deaths
1947 murders in Australia
1950 murders in Australia
1953 murders in Australia
1950s murders in Australia
20th-century Australian women
Australian female serial killers
Australian people convicted of murder
Australian prisoners sentenced to death
Deaths from peritonitis
Criminals from Sydney
Poisoners
People convicted of murder by New South Wales
Prisoners sentenced to death by New South Wales
Prisoners who died in New South Wales detention
Serial killers who died in prison custody
Thallium poisoning
Year of birth unknown

Women sentenced to death
Tro Khmer

The tro Khmer () is a traditional bowed string instrument from Cambodia.  Its body is made from a special type of coconut covered on one end with snake skin, and it has three strings. Instruments are not standardized, and coconuts vary in size; however the instrument's sound bowl may have dimensions 16.5 cm by 14 cm. In the past the strings were made of silk. By the 1960s, metal strings were in use, and the sound of the instrument changed, becoming sharper.

The tro Khmer is closely related to a Thai instrument called saw sam sai.

The instrument may be related to the similarly shaped Indonesian version of the rebab, arriving there from Muslim culture, c. 15th century a.d. A difference between the two is the number of stings; where the Indonesian rebab has two strings, the tro Khmer has three.

References

See also
Indonesian rebab
Tro (instrument)
Traditional Cambodian musical instruments
Music of Cambodia
Huqin

Cambodian musical instruments
Drumhead lutes
Bowed instruments
Koudi

The koudi (Chinese: 口笛; pinyin: kǒudí; also spelled kou di) is a very small Chinese flute made from bamboo. It is the smallest flute in the Chinese flute family. Its original shape derives from prehistorical instruments made with animal bone, but the modern koudi is made with wood, bamboo or PVC. It was invented in 1971 by  dizi master Yu Xunfa (俞逊发, 1946–2006).

Overview
In 1971, the famous Chinese Flute player Yu Xunfa, who was inspired by original prehistorical instrument, made the first Koudi. This instrument contains one octave, and two years later this instrument went to public by playing the recomposed Romanian folk song Ciocârlia (《云雀》). After that, to expand the range, Xu made the five-hole Koudi, and Bai Chengren (白诚仁) composed Morning of A Miao Village《苗岭的早晨》(MaoLing de ZaoChen). Therefore, Koudi became famous in China.
The instrument comes in two sizes. The smaller size, called gaoyin koudi, which is only 5–6 cm in length, has only the holes on the sides, where the thumbs can control the full range of pitch by incrementally opening the holes. The larger size, referred to as zhongyin koudi, is 8–9 cm long and has an additional 2–4 holes on the front (played with the fingers, these holes give slightly more precision to pitch changes). The gaoyin koudi is pitched an octave above the xiao di, whereas the zhongyin koudi is pitched an octave above the bang di. The range of the koudi is about a ninth or tenth, and it can bend notes over the entire range of the instrument.

A related instrument in Hunnan province called the tuliang is also center-blown and open-ended but is much larger (about the size of the qudi).

One of the most famous compositions for the koudi is"MaoLing de ZaoChen" and YunQue (, Romanian: Ciocârlia, lit. "The Skylark"). The instrument is also used in Chinese orchestral pieces such as Fei Tian.

Basic skills
Basically, a Koudi has two octaves, but it is not easy to get on the correct pitch.

Audio sample
MiaoLing de ZaoChen by Yu Xunfa

Notable players
Notable gaohu players include:
 Yu Xunfa (俞逊发) (1946–2006), in China
Zhan Yongming (詹永明) (1957- ),in China

See also
Dizi
Chinese flutes
Traditional Chinese musical instruments
Bamboo musical instruments

References

External links

Video
Koudi video: Ciocârlia by Zhan Yongming

Chinese musical instruments
Side-blown flutes
1971 musical instruments
Bamboo flutes
John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Johann Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp (27 February 1575 – 31 March 1616) was a Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.

Life 
He was a third son of Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife Christine of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel). He became the first Lutheran Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck (1586–1607) and the Administrator of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (1589–1596). He became the Duke after the deaths of his two elder brothers. After succeeding in 1590 his father as ruling Duke the Bremian Chapter enforced his resignation in favour of his younger brother John Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-Bishop.

Family and children
He was married on 30 August 1596 to Princess Augusta of Denmark, daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark. They had the following children:
 Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp (22 December 1597 – 10 August 1659).
 Elisabeth Sofie (12 October 1599 – 25 November 1627), married on 5 March 1621 to Duke Augustus of Saxe-Lauenburg.
 Adolf (15 September 1600 – 19 September 1631).
 Dorothea Auguste (12 May 1602 – 13 March 1682), married in 1633 to Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön.
 Hedwig (23 December 1603 – 22 March 1657), married on 15 July 1620 to Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach.
 Anna (19 December 1605 – 20 March 1623).
 John (18 March 1606 – 21 February 1655).
 Christian, died young in 1609.

Ancestors

See also

 History of Schleswig-Holstein

|-

1575 births
1616 deaths
Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp
John Adolphus
John Adolphus
16th-century German bishops
Lainz Angels of Death

Maria Gruber, Irene Leidolf, Stephanija Meyer, and Waltraud Wagner were four Austrian women who worked as nurse's aides at the Geriatriezentrum am Wienerwald in Lainz, Vienna, and who murdered scores of patients between 1983 and 1989. The group killed their victims with overdoses of morphine or by forcing water into the lungs. By 2008, all four of the women had been released from prison.

Background
Wagner, 23, was the first to kill a patient with an overdose of morphine in 1983. She discovered in the process that she enjoyed playing God and holding the power of life and death in her hands. She recruited Gruber, 19, and Leidolf, 21, and eventually the "house mother" of the group, 43-year-old Stephanija Meyer. Soon they had invented their own murder method: while one held the victim's head and pinched their nose, another would pour water into the victim's mouth until they drowned in their bed. Since elderly patients frequently had fluid in their lungs, it was an unprovable crime. The group killed patients who were feeble, but many were not terminally ill.

Investigators criticized the hospital for meeting them with "a wall of silence" as they attempted to look into a suspicious 1988 death. The aides were caught after a doctor overheard them bragging about their latest murder at a local tavern. In total, they confessed to 49 murders over six years but may have been responsible for as many as 200. In 1991, Wagner was convicted of 15 murders, 17 attempts, and two counts of assault. She was sentenced to life in prison. Leidolf received a life sentence as well, on conviction of five murders, while Meyer and Gruber received 20 years and 15 years respectively for manslaughter and attempted murder charges.

In 2008, the Justice Ministry in Austria announced that it would release Wagner and Leidolf from prison due to good behaviour. Mayer and Gruber had been released several years earlier and had assumed new identities.

References

External links

Crime Library, Angels of Death -- The Female Nurses by Katherine Ramsland

Austrian female serial killers
Austrian people convicted of murder
Health care professionals convicted of murdering patients
Hospital scandals
Living people
Medical controversies in Austria
Medical serial killers
People convicted of murder by Austria
Poisoners
Quartets
Year of birth missing (living people)
Chicken Ranch

Chicken Ranch may refer to:

Chicken Ranch (Texas), a former brothel in Texas
Chicken Ranch (Nevada), an operating brothel in Nevada, inspired by the original Texas brothel
Chicken Ranch (film), a 1983 documentary film about the brothel in Nevada
Chicken Ranch Rancheria, an Indian reservation or rancheria in Toulumne County, California
Utako Wakamatsu

is a Japanese former competitive figure skater. From 2002 to 2007, she skated with Jean-Sébastien Fecteau as a pair skater for Canada, winning the silver medal at the 2006 Four Continents Championships. Earlier in her career, she competed in single skating for Japan.

Career 
Until 2002, Wakamatsu competed in single skating for Japan. She competed on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series, winning a bronze medal in 1999 in the Czech Republic, and at one senior Grand Prix event, the 2001 Skate America. She placed as high as fifth on the senior level at the Japan Championships.

In April 2002, Wakamatsu teamed up with Jean-Sébastien Fecteau to compete in pair skating for Canada. In 2003, they won gold medals at the Finlandia Trophy and Nebelhorn Trophy and made their Grand Prix debut. 

In the 2004–05 season, Wakamatsu/Fecteau won silver at the 2005 Canadian Championships and were sent to the 2005 World Championships where they placed eighth.

In the 2005–06 season, the pair won bronze at a Grand Prix event, the 2005 NHK Trophy. They also took bronze at the 2006 Canadian Championships and were sent to the 2006 Four Continents Championships where they won the silver medal.

Wakamatsu announced her retirement from competitive skating on April 24, 2007.

Personal life 
Wakamatsu studied social welfare at Tohoku Fukushi University in Sendai.

Programs

With Fecteau

Single skating

Competitive highlights

Pairs career with Fecteau for Canada

Singles career for Japan

References

External links

 Official site
 

1981 births
Canadian female pair skaters
Japanese female single skaters
Living people
Sportspeople from Aomori Prefecture
Four Continents Figure Skating Championships medalists
Competitors at the 2001 Winter Universiade
HNoMS Vale (1874)

Gunboat Vale was a Vale-class Rendel gunboat built for the Royal Norwegian Navy at Karljohansvern Naval Yard in 1874. She was one of a class of five gunboats - the other ships in the class was Brage, Nor, Uller and Vidar.

Vale was, in addition to the heavy, muzzle-loading main gun, armed with a small 'Quick Fire' gun and a 37mm Hotchkiss Revolving Cannon (broadly similar to the Gatling gun).

Later Vale and her sister ships was rebuilt as mine layers, and she served in this role when the Germans invaded in 1940. During the Norwegian Campaign she served mainly in the Sognefjord. She was captured by German forces after the surrender of Norwegian forces in southern Norway, and returned to Norway after the war.

The vessel was built at the Naval Yard at Horten, and had yard number 54.

External links
 Naval history via Flix: KNM Vale, retrieved 14 Feb 2006

Vale-class gunboats
Ships built in Horten
1874 ships
World War II minelayers of Norway
Naval ships of Norway captured by Germany during World War II
Minelayers of the Kriegsmarine
World War II minelayers of Germany
UnixWorld

UnixWorld (Unixworld: McGraw-Hill's magazine of open systems computing.) is a defunct magazine about Unix systems, published from May 1984 until December 1995.

References

Defunct computer magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1984
Magazines disestablished in 1995
Magazines published in California
Unix history
Juno Award for International Entertainer of the Year

The Juno Award for "International Entertainer of the Year" was awarded from 1989 - 1993, as recognition for the best international musicians, from a Canadian perspective.

Winners

References

International Entertainer
Jean-Sébastien Fecteau

Jean-Sébastien Fecteau (born May 7, 1975) is a Canadian former pair skater. He is a two-time World Junior silver medallist with Caroline Haddad, the 2001 Nebelhorn Trophy silver medallist with Valerie Saurette, and the 2006 Four Continents silver medallist with Utako Wakamatsu.

Career 
From 1990 to 1994, Fecteau competed internationally with Caroline Haddad. They won silver medals at the 1992 and 1994 World Junior Championships.

In 1995, Fecteau began competing with Valerie Saurette. They competed on the Grand Prix series for three seasons, twice at the Four Continents (best result was fourth), and once at the World Championships, placing 13th. They won the silver medal at the 2001 Nebelhorn Trophy and three bronze medals at the Canadian Championships. Their partnership ended in early 2002.

In April 2002, Fecteau teamed up with Japanese skater Utako Wakamatsu to compete for Canada. In 2003, they won gold medals at the Finlandia Trophy and Nebelhorn Trophy and made their Grand Prix debut. 

In the 2004–05 season, Wakamatsu/Fecteau won silver at the 2005 Canadian Championships and were sent to the 2005 World Championships where they placed eighth.

In the 2005–06 season, the pair won bronze at a Grand Prix event, the 2005 NHK Trophy. They also took bronze at the 2006 Canadian Championships and were sent to the 2006 Four Continents Championships where they won the silver medal.

Fecteau announced his competitive retirement on April 24, 2007.

Personal life 
In 2007, Fecteau said he planned to study civil engineering at the École Polytechnique de Montréal.
He completed his studies and is now working as a Transportation Engineer.

Programs

With Wakamatsu

With Saurette

Competitive highlights

With Wakamatsu

With Saurette

With Haddad

References

External links

 
 Official site

1975 births
Canadian male pair skaters
Living people
Sportspeople from Thetford Mines
Four Continents Figure Skating Championships medalists
Sportspeople from Quebec
World Junior Figure Skating Championships medalists
20th-century Canadian people
21st-century Canadian people
French Quebecers
Dogcart

A dogcart (also dog-cart or dog cart) is a two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle pulled by a single horse in shafts, or driven tandem. With seating for four, it was designed for sporting shooters and their gun dogs, with a louvred box under the driver's seat to contain dogs. It was developed in the early 1800s to afford more seating than the gig, which seats only two. Seating is two back-to-back crosswise seats, an arrangement called dos-à-dos from French. There is a hinged tailboard which lowers slightly and, supported by chains, acts as a footrest for the rear-facing passengers. Some dogcarts had a mechanism to slide the entire body forward or rearward along the shafts to help balance the weight for the horse.

Other names for specific or regional designs of dogcarts include Battlesden cart, Bent panel cart, Bounder, Country cart, Essex trap, Farmer's dogcart, Going-to-cover cart, High dogcart, Hurdle cart, Leamington cart, Malvern cart, Moray car, Newport Pagnell cart, Norfolk cart, Norfolk shooting cart, Nottingham cart, Oxford bounder, Oxford dogcart, Pony dogcart, Ralli dogcart, Sliding bodied dogcart, Surrey cart, Tandem cart, To-cart, Whitechapel cart, Worcester cart, and Worthing cart.

Dogcart phaeton 

A dogcart phaeton is a four-wheeled vehicle pulled by a single horse in shafts, or a pair of horses with a carriage pole. The dogcart phaeton seats four people and is arranged as two back-to-back crosswise seats, called dos-à-dos, with two people facing forward and two others facing the rear. Though the word cart generally means a two-wheeled vehicle, the name dogcart stuck when the body style was mounted on four-wheeled phaeton undercarriages.

Other names for specific or regional designs of  four-wheel dogcarts include Alexandra dogcart, Continental dogcart, Eridge car, Four-wheeled Ralli car, French Derby cart, Malvern dogcart, Martin's dogcart, and Village phaeton.

In literature 

Frequent references to dog-carts are made by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in his writings about fictional detective Sherlock Holmes, and indeed by many other Victorian writers, as it was a common sight in those days.

See also 
 Carriage
 American Electric (1899 automobile), early electric vehicle based on dogcart phaeton structure
 Arrol-Johnston, maker of early automobiles based on the dogcart phaeton structure

References 

Carriages
Carts
Sean Wirtz

Sean Wirtz (also Sean Kelly and Sean Kelly-Wirtz; born October 31, 1979, in Marathon, Ontario) is a Canadian figure skater who competed in pair skating and single skating. He teamed up with Elizabeth Putnam in the summer of 2002. They are the 2006 Four Continents bronze medalists and two-time (2003, 2004) Canadian national bronze medalists. Wirtz announced his retirement from competitive skating on August 28, 2007.

Wirtz is the nephew of coach Paul Wirtz and former Olympic pair skater Kris Wirtz.

Programs 
(with Putnam)

Results

Pairs skating with Putnam

Pair skating with Dubois

Singles career

References

External links

 
 

1979 births
Canadian male single skaters
Canadian male pair skaters
Living people
People from Thunder Bay District
Four Continents Figure Skating Championships medalists
20th-century Canadian people
21st-century Canadian people
The Meowstro Sings – Guster's Keep It Together

The Meowstro Sings — Guster's Keep It Together is an album created by the band Guster. It features all but one of the tracks from their release Keep It Together, with the vocals replaced by simulated cat meows.  According to the band, the meows were sung by Guster's monitor engineer at the time, Matt Peskie. The tracks were then released to Kazaa, in an effort to deter downloading of legitimate tracks.

The "meow mixes" gained a following from some fans, and were made available to Keep It Together purchasers through a link hidden on that album. It is still available from iTunes.

Other Meowstro appearances
The Meowstro is featured in "Melanie", which appeared on the 2004 Guster album Live 6/17/04 Myrtle Beach, SC. The studio version of "Melanie" appearing on the band's Goldfly album also includes some meowing, but not by the Meowstro.

Guster released the single "Carol of the Meows" for the 2004 holiday season, a recording of the traditional "Carol of the Bells" given the same treatment.

Track listing
"Diane" (Meow Mix) – 3:51
"Amsterdam" (Meow Mix) – 3:39
"Homecoming King" (Meow Mix) – 3:43
"Jesus on the Radio" (Meow Mix) – 2:22
"Come Downstairs and Say Hello" (Meow Mix) – 5:24
"Keep It Together" (Meow Mix) – 3:43
"Long Way Down" (Meow Mix) – 4:42
"Backyard" (Meow Mix) – 3:07
"Red Oyster Cult" (Meow Mix) – 3:31
"Ramona" (Meow Mix) – 3:05
"Careful" (Meow Mix) – 3:44
"I Hope Tomorrow Is Like Today" (Meow Mix) – 3:20

See also
 Duetto buffo di due gatti
 "Duo miaulé"  in L'enfant et les sortilèges

Notes

External links
 Guster Player includes "Carol of the Meows"; the Goldfly version of "Melanie" is found under the "Sonic Archives" link. (requires Adobe Flash Player)

Guster albums
2003 remix albums
Reprise Records remix albums
Albums produced by Roger Moutenot
Zoomusicology
Hajigak Pass

The Hajigak Pass ( hajji gak 'little pilgrim') is a mountain pass of Afghanistan. It is situated at a height of  above sea-level in the northern part of Maidan Wardak province, connecting it with Bamyan province to the northwest. It is one of the two main routes from Kabul to Bamyan in Hazarajat, leading across the Koh-i-Baba range.

Climate
The climate in this area is classified as a subarctic (Dsc) in the Köppen climate classification system. Avalanches, heavy snowfalls and landslides can occur anytime and can sometimes block some sections of the road, being extremely dangerous due to frequent patches of ice.

Routes
The two main routes from Kabul to Bamyan are from the south via Maidan Wardak and the Hajigak Pass, and from the north via Parwan and the Shibar Pass. The journey via the Shibar Pass is approximately 6 and half hours long covering around  long. The Shibar pass is still preferred over the Hajigak pass on safety grounds, because in the harsh climate of the area the Hajigak remain covered with snow during most of the year.

The Hajigak route leaves Kabul from Kote Sangi, about 1 km west of Kabul University, and follows the paved highway to Ghazni west and then south into Maidan Wardak province. There the route leaves the Ghazni highway, turning right to head west through Maidan Shar, the capital of Maidan Wardak province.  It continues through Jalrez, Sarchashman, Sia Sang, and Duz Qol, before crossing the Unai Pass to Gardan Diwal, where the route again turns to the right to head north, and finally start the climb to the Hajigak Pass proper.

There are numerous villages in this sparsely populated, rugged area. The greenness of the trees and the clearness of the air in the valleys greet tourists who travel to Bamyan. In the fall and spring large camel caravans add their particular color and excitement to the scene.

The major wildlife is lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus) which are often seen squatting in large groups beside the road. These very large birds are also known as Bearded Vultures for they have very noticeable, rather comical goatees. Having a passion for bone marrow, they have been seen to carry animal bones to a height and carefully drop them onto rocks to crack them so that they can feast upon the marrow with greedy delight.

Railway projects 

In May 2016, India, Iran and Afghanistan signed an agreement to develop two berths at the Port of Chabahar, build the new Chabahar-Zahedan railway line as part of the North–South Transport Corridor by linking it with the Trans-Iranian Railway, and invest up to INR 1 lakh crore  (US$14 billion) in the Chabahar Special Economic zone by building a gas-based urea plant as well as other industries there. The proposed railway line will be linked with the Chabahar-Zaranj-Delaram-Hajigak railway, a 900 km long Indian-Iranian project that will link the future US$10 billion Indian iron-ore mining operations at the Hajigak to the Chabahar port.

See also
Unai Pass
Shibar Pass
Hajigak mining concession

References

External links
 Kotal Hajigak

Mountain passes of Afghanistan
Landforms of Maidan Wardak Province
Journal of Library Administration

The Journal of Library Administration is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers library management. It was established in 1980 and is published 8 times a year by Routledge. The editor-in-chief is Gary M. Pitkin (University of Northern Colorado).

Controversy 
In March 2013, the editor-in-chief Damon Jaggars (Columbia University) and the complete editorial board resigned in protest of the limited authors' rights offered by the publisher under its copyright licensing terms. After negotiations by the editorial board with the publisher on behalf of authors committed to open access, the best offer made for publishing under a Creative Commons license was payment of nearly $3,000 by the author for each article, which was judged unacceptable by Jaggars and the board. Board member Chris Bourg wrote of a "crisis of conscience about publishing in a journal that was not open access" after the suicide of open access activist Aaron Swartz.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in CSA databases, EBSCOhost, Education Resources Information Center, Inspec, and  ProQuest.

References

External links 
 

Library science journals
Academic journals established in 1980
English-language journals
Routledge academic journals
Michael Howard (Microsoft)

Michael Howard (born 1965) is a software security expert from Microsoft. He is the author of several computer security books, the most famous being  Michael Howard is a frequent speaker at security-related conferences and frequently publishes articles on the subject.

Books 
 Michael Howard, David LeBlanc : Writing Secure Code (2nd edition). 
 Michael Howard, John Viega, David LeBlanc: The 19 Deadly Sins of Software Security. 
 Michael Howard: Designing Secure Web-Based Applications for Microsoft(r) Windows(r) 2000.

External links
 Michael Howard's Blog

Microsoft employees
Living people
Writers about computer security
1965 births
USS Somerset

USS Somerset may refer to:

 , a side wheel ferryboat launched and purchased in 1862 and sold in 1865; the rejuvenated Somerset began a career as a New York ferryboat until 1914
 USS Somerset (ID-2162), a Maryland State Fisheries Force motor boat that served in World War I
 , an , launched in January 1945 and struck in December 1945
 , a  launched in April 2012

United States Navy ship names
California's 26th congressional district

California 26th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of California currently represented by .

The district is located on the South Coast, comprising most of Ventura County as well as a small portion of Los Angeles County. Cities in the district include Camarillo, Oxnard, Santa Paula, Thousand Oaks, Westlake Village, Moorpark, and part of Simi Valley. In 2022, the district lost Ojai and most of Ventura and added Calabasas, Agoura Hills, and the sparsely populated northern half of Ventura County.

From 2003 to 2013, the district spanned the foothills of the San Gabriel Valley from La Cañada Flintridge to Rancho Cucamonga. David Dreier, a Republican, represented the district during this period.

Recent election results from statewide races

2005 special elections

Proposition 73
Parental notification before termination of minors' pregnancy. 
 55.0% YES
 45.0% NO

Proposition 77
Redistricting according to a panel of retired judges. 
 49.8% YES
 50.2% NO

Proposition 80
Regulation of electric grids and services through California. 
 32.1% YES
 67.9% NO

List of members representing the district

Election results

1952

1954

1956

1958

1960

1962

1964

1965 (Special)

1966

1968

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022

Historical district boundaries

See also
List of United States congressional districts

References

External links
Official Congresswoman Julia Brownley website — representing the 26th District of California.
GovTrack.us: California's 26th congressional district
RAND California Election Returns: District Definitions
California Voter Foundation map — CD26

26
Government of Los Angeles County, California
Government of Ventura County, California
Camarillo, California
Conejo Valley
Fillmore, California
Moorpark, California
Newbury Park, California
Oak Park, California
Oxnard, California
Santa Clara River (California)
Santa Paula, California
Simi Valley, California
Thousand Oaks, California
Ventura, California
Westlake Village, California
Constituencies established in 1953
1953 establishments in California
Los Padres National Forest
Abu Sabaya

Abu Sabaya ( ; July 18, 1962 – June 21, 2002), born Aldam Tilao, was one of the leaders of the Abu Sayyaf in the southern Philippines until he was killed by soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 2002.

Life
Abu Sabaya was a former engineering student and police trainee in Zamboanga City. He had lived in Saudi Arabia for several years before returning to the Philippines in the late 1990s.

Prior to his death, the United States government had placed a US$5,000,000 reward on his arrest for the May 2001 Dos Palmas kidnappings of two American missionaries and another American who was beheaded. According to the Philippine Army documents, Sabaya had dropped out of a criminology course to join the Moro National Liberation Front (M.N.L.F.), an Islamic rebel group, who trained him in bomb-making and assassination. When the M.N.L.F. signed a peace treaty with the Philippine government in 1996, Sabaya joined Filipinos working in Saudi Arabia. Upon his return to the Philippines he came into contact with Abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani, one of the founders of the Abu Sayyaf. Sabaya was accused of several hostage kidnappings. In Basilan, he was accused of being involved in 13 kidnappings incidents, including that of a Roman Catholic priest, schoolchildren and teachers. In reaction, the Philippine government offered a 5,000,000 peso reward for his capture.

On June 21, 2002, after being tracked by United States and Philippine forces, Sabaya was confronted by a Special Warfare Group team of the Philippine Navy. After attempting to evade capture, Sabaya was shot and killed at sea. Four other members of the Abu Sayyaf survived and were arrested during the incident. According to Australian scholar Bob East, Sabaya's death has had a significant impact on the Abu Sayyaf, as the number of operatives working for the group sharply decreased from 1100 in 2001 to 450 in late 2002, and had since been stagnant for the next ten years.

References

Sources
Search for Abu Sayyaf leader's body CNN, June 22, 2002
Philippines rebel leader 'shot' BBC, June 21, 2002

Harakah Daily: Top Abu Sayyaf leader slain in southern Philippines

1962 births
2002 deaths
Abu Sayyaf members
Filipino Islamists
Filipino Muslims
Muslims with branch missing
Paramilitary Filipinos
The Committee

The Committee may refer to any of the following:

The Committee (improv group), a San Francisco-based improvisational comedy group
The Committee (film), a 1968 independent film directed by Peter Sykes
The Committee (racehorse), fell at the first fence in the 1995 Grand National
The Committee (fan group), a group of Star Trek fans who arranged the first Star Trek convention
The Committee (novel), a novel by Sonallah Ibrahim
The Committee (play), a play by Robert Howard
Storyland

Storyland (or Story Land) can refer to:

 Storyland, a theme park in Renfrew, Ontario, Canada
 Story Land, a theme park in Glen, New Hampshire
 Storyland, a theme park in Fresno, California
 Storyland, a children's theme park at the New Orleans City Park in Louisiana, United States
Verve Energy

Verve Energy was a Western Australian Government owned corporation responsible for operating the state's electricity generators on the state's South West Interconnected System (SWIS).

It was split from the then vertically integrated Western Power Corporation in 2006, during reforms to the state's electricity sector. The company was merged into Synergy in 2014.

Generators
Verve Energy owned five major power stations, supplying electricity to the South West Interconnected System:

 Muja Power Station, east of Collie
 Collie Power Station, in Collie
 Kwinana Power Station, in Naval Base heavy industrial suburb
 Cockburn Power Station, in Cockburn
 Pinjar Power Station, in Pinjar
 Mungarra Power Station

In addition it owned various other generation plants, including the Albany Wind Farm, wind diesel, and biomass facilities.

References

External links
 
 Government of Western Australia - Office of Energy
 Government of Western Australia - Office of Energy - Electricity Reform Implementation Unit

Australian companies established in 2006
Companies based in Perth, Western Australia
Defunct electric power companies of Australia
Energy companies established in 2006
Energy in Western Australia
Government-owned companies of Western Australia