alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
North Queensferry railway station

North Queensferry railway station is a railway station in the village of North Queensferry, Fife, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Fife Circle Line,  northwest of .

History 
Although the station was not in service by the time of the opening of the Forth Bridge in March 1890, it was opened on 1 July 1890. The station replaced the station at North Queensferry Pier, which had been opened in 1877 to take passengers to and from the ferry across the Forth.

The station has been unstaffed since 1990, following the closure of its ticket office. The original wooden Victorian station building is still standing and its design is unique to the area.

To celebrate the Forth Bridge Centenary in 1990, a large mosaic depicting the bridge and the local area, created entirely by local residents, was unveiled at the station on Platform 2. The mosaic is now a well-known landmark on the Fife Circle line.

Services 

Monday to Saturday daytimes four trains per hour go to  and onwards to Edinburgh Waverley southbound. Four trains per hour head towards northbound  and the Fife Circle.  Of these, two run the full length of the circular route to  (one "clockwise" via Dunfermline, the other "anti-clockwise" via Kirkcaldy), one runs to Glenrothes via the coast and then terminates there and the other runs via Dunfermline to terminate at .

Evenings and Sundays two trains per hour go to Edinburgh Waverley and two along the Fife Circle, one via Dunfermline and the other via .

References

Railway stations in Fife
Former Forth Bridge Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1890
Railway stations served by ScotRail
1890 establishments in Scotland
Dindigul district

Dindigul District is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Dindigul District is the second largest district in Tamil Nadu by area after Thiruvannamalai District. The district was carved out of Madurai District in 1985. It has an area of 6266.64 km2 and comprises 3 revenue divisions, 10 taluks, and 14 panchayat unions. The district is bound by Tiruppur district in the northwest, Karur district in the north, Tiruchirappalli district in the northeast, Madurai and Theni districts in the south, and Idukki district of Kerala to the west. As of 2011, the district had a population of 2,159,775 with a sex-ratio of 998 females for every 1,000 males.

Economy
In 2006, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Dindigul one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Demographics

According to 2011 census, Dindigul district had a population of 2,159,775 with a sex-ratio of 998 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 37.41% of the population lived in urban areas. A total of 216,576 were under the age of six, constituting 111,955 males and 104,621 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.95% and 0.37% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 68.61%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 560,773 households. There were a total of 1,105,155 workers, comprising 155,332 cultivators, 388,725 main agricultural labourers, 25,253 in house hold industries, 393,707 other workers, 142,138 marginal workers, 10,073 marginal cultivators, 79,234 marginal agricultural labourers, 5,576 marginal workers in household industries and 47,255 other marginal workers.

At the time of the 2011 census, 91.52% of the population spoke Tamil, 5.45% Telugu and 1.69% Kannada as their first language.

Politics 

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Places of interest
Kodaikanal
Palani - Murugan Temple
Sirumalai
Dindigul RockFort
Pachalur hills Oddanchatram
Thalakuthu falls
Athoor Dam
Narikkalpatti, agriculture, weaving
Rangamalai Vedasandur
Mounaguru swami, Kasavanampatti
Kalthurai
Kopanaswamymalai, Reddiyarchatram
Mandavadi
Pulla veli water Fall's
Pandri malai,Thandikudi hills
Athoor – Sadaiyandi Temple
Soundaraja Temple – Thadikombu
Thirumalaigoundenvalasu
Veerachinnampatty
Velampatty
Vembarpatti
Viruveedu

See also
List of districts of Tamil Nadu

References

External links

 Dindigul District
 Dindigul district – A profile – The Hindu, Monday, 15 Feb 2010

 
Districts of Tamil Nadu
Angul

Angul  (also known as Anugul) is a town and a municipality and the headquarters of Angul district in the state of Odisha, India. Angul has an average elevation of  above sea level.
The total geographical area of the district is 6232 km2. From the point of view of area, it stands 11th among the 30 Districts of Odisha.

Geography
Angul is located at . It has an average elevation of  above sea level.
The total geographical area of the district is 6232 km2. From the point of view of area, it stands 11th among the 30 Districts of Odisha.

Demographics
As of the 2011 Census of India, Angul had a population of 44,390. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Anugul has an average literacy rate of 77.53%, higher than the national average of 74.04%; with 58% of the males and 42% of females literate. About 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. There are almost 3-4 Government High Schools are present for Odia Medium Education. Although, A Sishu Vidya Mandir and two Kendriya Vidyalaya Angul Schools are there for children.

Politics
In the 2019 Indian general election, Mahesh Sahoo (BJD) won from Dhenkanal (Lok Sabha constituency).
In Loksabha general election 2014, Nagendra Pradhan (BJD) and Tathagat Satpathy (BJD) were elected from Sambalpur and Dhenkanal loksabha constituency respectively.
Angul is part of Dhenkanal (Lok Sabha constituency).

The current MLA from Angul (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency) is Rajanikant Singh of BJD who is elected in 2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election and subsequently elected unopposed as the deputy speaker of the assembly. He won the seat in State elections of 2004, 2009, and 2014. His father Adwait Prasad Singh had won this seat in 2000 as a BJD candidate, in 1990 as JD candidate and in 1977 as JNP candidate. Earlier MLAs from this seat were Ramesh Jena of INC in 1995, Prafulla Mishra of INC in 1985, and Santosh Kumar Pradhan of INC(I) in 1980.

Girija Nandini Sahoo of BJD is the current President Zilla Parishad, Angul. She will hold the post from 2012 to 2017.

Climate

References

External links
 Official Website

Cities and towns in Angul district
Vimalakirti

Vimalakīrti (  "stainless, undefiled" +   "fame, glory, reputation") is the central figure in the , which presents him as the ideal Mahayana Buddhist upāsaka ("lay practitioner") and a contemporary of Gautama Buddha (6th to 5th century BCE). There is no mention of him in Buddhist texts until after  (1st century BCE to 2nd century CE) revived Mahayana Buddhism in India. The Mahayana Vimalakirti Sutra also spoke of the city of Vaisali as where the lay Licchavi bodhisattva Vimalakirti was residing.

As a Zen Patriarch

The Vimalakīrti Nirdeśa Sūtra characterizes Vimalakīrti as a wealthy patron of Gautama Buddha. Unlike many other figures of the Mahayana literature, such as , he is generally taken to be a historical figure like Gautama Buddha, rather than mythic or legendary, and as such Vimalakīrti is not commonly venerated on altars or in tantric rituals, but as a prehistoric zen, i.e., chan preacher.

See also 

 Wang Wei

References

External links

Vimalakīrti portrait at Tricycle: The Buddhist Review

Indian Buddhists
6th-century BC people
Bodhisattvas
Buddhist spiritual teachers
Tantalus (disambiguation)

Tantalus is a Greek mythological figure who is bound in a pool of water in Tartarus, forever thirsty but never able to drink.

Tantalus may also refer to:

People and characters
 Tantalus (mythology) for the list of characters named Tantalus.
 Tantalus, son of Thyestes, a Greek mythological figure

Places
 2102 Tantalus, an asteroid
 Mount Tantalus, southwestern British Columbia, Canada
 Tantalus Bluffs, Dufek Coast, Antarctica
 Tantalus Formation, a Mesozoic geologic formation
 Tantalus (Oahu), a peak on the Hawaiian island of Oʻahu
 Tantalus Peak, Victoria Land, Antarctica
 Tantalus Range, a mountain range in southwestern British Columbia

Fictional locations
 Tantalus, a prison colony in the 1966 Star Trek episode "Dagger of the Mind"

Animals
 Abisara tantalus, a butterfly of the family Riodinidae
 Aellopos tantalus, a moth of the family Sphingidae
 Lepidochrysops tantalus, a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae
 Mecyclothorax tantalus, a ground beetle of the family Carabidae
 Tantalus monkey (Chlorocebus tantalus), a species endemic to Ghana, Sudan, and Kenya

Narratives
 "The Torment of Tantalus" (Stargate SG-1), a 1997 TV series episode
 Tantalus, A 1999 play written by John Barton and directed by Peter Hall

Transportation and vehicles
 USS Tantalus (ARL-27), a United States Navy landing craft repair ship of World War II
 HMS Tantalus (P318), a British T-class submarine of World War II

Other uses
 Tantalus (cabinet), a cabinet for displaying decanters but securing their contents
 Tantalus Media, an Australian video game development studio

See also

 
 Tantalum (element "Ta"), a metallic element
 Tantalis
 Tantalize (disambiguation)
Alabama State Route 176

State Route 176 (SR 176) was created in September 1980 along previous County/Secondary State Roads 81 and 89 in DeKalb County and part of County/Secondary State Road 89 in Cherokee County.  Part of the route took over what had been State Route 275 and forms the northern end of the Little River Canyon Rim Parkway: a scenic, but severely substandard highway following the northern rim of the limestone canyon for .

Route description

State Route 176 only follows half of that route, beginning at State Route 35 south of Fort Payne continuing west for  before forking off from Old State Route 275 at Eberhardt's Point west to the Dogtown community.  In the Dogtown community, State Route 176 (which up to that point followed former County Road 81) turns southwest at a four-way intersection along part of what had been Dekalb County Road 89.  From there, the route extends into Cherokee County to State Route 68 near Collinsville where the highway ends.  The road, however, continues south as Cherokee County Road 3 to Gadsden.

Major intersections

References

176
Transportation in DeKalb County, Alabama
Hye-rim Park

Hye-rim Park (born January 17, 1985) is a Korean-American model. Park made her runway debut during the Fall/Winter 2005 season.

Career
Her big break came in early 2005, when Steven Meisel shot her for Italian Vogue prior to the fall 2005 shows. After the shoot, she went to walk for major shows including Marc Jacobs and Anna Sui in New York. Her real big break, however, came when Miuccia Prada and Russell Marsh cast her in the Prada and Miu Miu shows during Milan Fashion Week. She became the first non-Caucasian model since Naomi Campbell in 1997 to walk the show, and just the second female Asian model to walk for Prada. Prada is one of the most influential runway shows to book for an upcoming model. The Prada/Miu Miu bookings led to a flurry of bookings in Paris (Balenciaga, Chloe, Lanvin, Rochas).

Park has appeared on the catwalk for designers such as Christian Dior, Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Max Azria, Alexander McQueen, and Burberry. She has also collaborated with famous photographers like Steven Meisel, Mario Testino, Steven Klein, Annie Leibovitz, Patrick Demarchelier, Arthur Elgort, Craig McDean, David Sims, Mario Sorrenti, Ellen von Unwerth, Mikael Jannsen, Greg Kadel, Laurie Bartley, Nathaniel Goldberg, Terry Tsiolis, and many more. Her trademarks are mole just beneath her nose and her face bone structure.

Park has appeared in editorials for many magazines, including Vogue (American, French, Italian, Chinese and Korean editions), Flair, Numero, Allure, New York Times, Pop, Harper's Baazar, and others. She posed for international campaigns for Roberto Cavalli, Dolce & Gabbana, D&G, H&M, M.A.C. Cosmetics, GAP, Le Printemps, Marc Jacobs, Cesare Paciotti, Tiffany & Co, MaxMara, Saks Fifth Ave, Plastic Island and Love, Sex, Money.  She has also been the face of Korean brands H&T (Hangten) and KeraSys. She speaks English and Korean.

In 2011, during the 2011 Fall/Winter collections at Paris Fashion Week, Park became the first ethnic Asian to model for two French fashion brands, Balmain and Isabel Marant who are reputed for hiring Caucasians only.

Personal life
Park was born in Seoul, South Korea, but immigrated to Salt Lake City, Utah when she was a young teen.  She was discovered at an open casting call while attending the University of Utah in 2004.  As one of the few Asian models on the international high fashion scene, Park's debut in Fall 2005 was strong – Vogue magazine named her one of the top 10 models.  According to Xinhua News, Park's rise on the fashion scene – along with other East Asian supermodels Du Juan and Anne Watanabe – coincides with the renewed Western interest in Asia.

In June 2008, she married her boyfriend of three years.

References

External links

 Hye-rim Park Profile
 Hye Park's profile on The Internet Fashion Database

1985 births
Living people
American female models
American models of Korean descent
American people of South Korean descent
American people of Korean descent
South Korean female models
University of Utah alumni
Models from Seoul
21st-century American women
Itapaci

Itapaci is a municipality in northern Goiás state, Brazil.  The population was 18,458 in 2010 (IBGE).  The total area of the municipality was 956.1 km² (10/10/2002).

History
The settlement began in the 1920s on the lands of the Água Fria and Barra cattle ranches.  Land was donated by a rancher called Domiciano Rodrigues Peixoto and a cross was erected in 1935.  The first name was Água Fria, later changed to Floresta.  In 1938 it became a district with the name Itapaci, which means "Beautiful Rock".  In 1945 it was raised to municipal status.

Geography
Itapaci is located on the São Patrício Pequeno River in the Ceres Microregion.  The distance to the state capital, Goiânia, is 230 kilometers.  Highway connections are made by GO-080 / Nerópolis / São Francisco de Goiás / BR-153 / Jaraguá / Rialma / GO-336.  See  Seplan for the complete list.

Neighboring municipalities are: Crixás, Guarinos, Hidrolina, Ipiranga de Goiás, Nova América, Nova Glória, Pilar de Goiás, Rubiataba and São Luíz do Norte.

Climate 
The climate is tropical humid with high maximum temperatures that can reach 37 °C.  The natural resources of the town are its mineral wealth.  There are deposits of mica, crystal, asbestos, and gold.  In the forests there are stands of hardwood.

Districts, Villages, and Hamlets
District: Aparecida de Goiás.
Village: Ponte Nova.
Hamlets: Santo Agostinho, São José do Caiamar, Vila Santana and Vila Trindade.

Demographics
Data obtained by the 2010 Census conducted by the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics)

The economy
The economy is based on livestock raising, agriculture, and services.
In 2006 there were 425 farms with a total area of 51,805 hectares, of which 3,500 hectares were cropland and 38,600 hectares were pasture.  Cattle raising is the main economic activity with 75,000 head in 2006.  There are plantations of rice, beans, corn, peanuts, and manioc.  The main crop was sugarcane with 4,800 ha. planted in 2006 and a production of 384,000 tons.
Industrial establishments: 24
Retail commercial establishments: 176
Distillery: Vale Verde Empreendimentos Agrícolas Ltda. (July/2007)
Financial institutions: Banco do Brasil S.A., Banco Itaú S.A, Caixa Econômica Federal, Banco Bradesco S.A. (10/04/2012)

Health and education
In 2007 there were 12 schools in activity with 5,853 students.  There was a campus of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás.  The literacy rate was 85.4% in 2000.  There were 02 hospitals with 99 beds and 15 doctors.  The infant mortality rate was 31.12 in 2000 (in 1,000 live births)
Municipal Human Development Index:  0.724
State ranking:  56 (out of 246 municipalities in 2010)
National ranking:  2,524 (out of 5,507 municipalities in 2000) For the complete list see frigoletto.com.br

See also
List of municipalities in Goiás
Microregions of Goiás

References 

Frigoletto
Highway distances from Goiânia

Municipalities in Goiás
Smooth leatherjacket

The smooth leatherjacket or velvet leatherjacket, Meuschenia scaber, is a filefish of the family Monacanthidae, found off eastern Australia and all around New Zealand to depths of about 100 m, on rocky weedy reef areas. Its length is between 25 and 35 cm.  In New Zealand it is simply known as leatherjacket as it is the only fish of this family commonly found there, by the Māori language name kōkiri, or by its commercial name cream fish.

Distribution

The species is found from Cape Naturaliste, Western Australia, to Sydney, New South Wales, around Tasmania, and around the waters of New Zealand.

Behaviour

Leatherjackets have a hard, sandpaper-like exterior which they use as a defense mechanism, which causes the fish to swim slowly. Because of this, the diet of leatherjackets is atypical, focusing on slow-moving species such as sponges, sea squirts and barnacles.

Smooth leatherjackets are monogamous.

In a human context

Leatherjackets developed a reputation for being bold among Māori in New Zealand, who named the fish kōkiri, a Polynesian word used to describe species such as triggerfish. The fish was one of the most commonly found in middens from the archaic period of Māori history. Yellowfish liver was known as a delicacy among Māori.

The fish developed a poor reputation among early European fishermen in New Zealand, as the fish would often eat bait without being caught due to their small mouths. The fish were difficult to sell, with many fishmongers removing the heads and skin of fish. Overtime, the name cream fish was adopted as a more palatable name for the fish, which boosted sales.

See also
 Leather jack

References

External links

 
 
 Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand,  (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) 

Monacanthidae
Fish described in 1801
Marine fish of Eastern Australia
Marine fish of New Zealand
Marine fish of Southern Australia
Marine fish of Tasmania
Marine fish of Western Australia
New Zealand seafood
Taxa named by Johann Reinhold Forster
Back to School (Mini Maggit)

"Back to School (Mini Maggit)" is a song by American alternative metal band Deftones. It is an altered version of the song "Pink Maggit" from the band's 2000 album White Pony. Shortly after the album's initial release, in a contentious move by the band's label Maverick, it was re-released with "Back to School (Mini Maggit)" added on. The song's style has been described as  as well as rap rock.

"Back to School (Mini Maggit)" was released as both a single and as an EP package; the single was released shortly before the EP.

Background

Vocalist Chino Moreno has said, "This album right here [the White Pony re-release] is not the album that we turned in to the label. As far as we're concerned, the first edition was the record. Done. Then, they talked us into re-releasing it with another song on it, and it's not like I'm against the song or whatever, but I liked the sequence we had when we first turned it in. When this version came out, a little part inside all of us felt like: 'Fuck! We just totally compromised.' And I know that a lot of our fans felt bad about it too."

The band also specifically regretted the presence of "Back to School" on the re-release of the album, as Moreno stated in an interview with German rock magazine Visions: "'Back to School' was a mistake. A calculated song, that had been built up with only one aim in mind: It should be a single. ... 'Back to School' was released because I was an idiot. I wanted to prove something [to the record company]. Months later, after White Pony was released, they wanted us to do a new version of "Pink Maggit". They said we lost our heaviness, and there were no more singles on the album. First, I wanted to stick this idea up my ass, but then I thought: 'I'm gonna show those fuckers how easy it is to create a hit-single.' And so I rapped a hip hop part on that song, we shortened it and half an hour later, the hit-single was ready to roll on."

Track listing

Charts

References

Deftones songs
Music videos directed by Paul Hunter (director)
2000 songs
Maverick Records singles
Song recordings produced by Terry Date
Songs written by Stephen Carpenter
Songs written by Chi Cheng (musician)
Songs written by Abe Cunningham
Songs written by Chino Moreno
Rap rock songs
2000 singles
Little River Canyon Rim Parkway

Little River Canyon Rim Parkway, also known as Alabama State Route 176, Dekalb County Road 148 and Cherokee County Road 275, forms a  scenic drive following the  Little River Canyon National Preserve in northeastern Alabama. The highway was first designated in 1972 as State Route 275, but was later renumbered to State Route 176 on the northern portion east of former Dekalb County Road 81 and turned back south of former Dekalb County Road 81 in September 1980.

As one of Alabama's most scenic attractions, the highway itself is only well-maintained on the state portion. The turned back portion, which was highly substandard previously, fell into serious disrepair under local control, almost to the point of abandonment. On the small part of the section maintained by Dekalb County, the road is less than two lanes wide. In Cherokee County, the road widens to two narrow lanes, but has miles of broken pavement and potholes. The roadway is also characterized by extremely steep grades both at the Johnnies Creek tributary and where the roadway descends from Lookout Mountain to the Canyon Mouth Park. While the State Route 176 portion has less severe grades, it is designed similarly with sharp curves and a couple sharp dropoffs at the edge of the canyon in some areas.

In terms of scenery and attractions, not only does the route cross many seasonal tributaries, but also it has many lookout points, smaller canyons such as Bear Creek, Dees Branch and Johnnies Creek, and a view of the state's highest waterfall, Grace's High Falls. Halfway along the route at Eberhardt Point, the highway passes by the site of Canyonland Amusement Park, an abandoned and mostly demolished park that featured a chairlift into the canyon floor. The existence of Canyonland Amusement Park was the likely reason that the original State Route 275 was created. This was especially notable, because a sign for the park (painted over, but with a Coca-Cola logo) was originally placed in an island in the middle of the road entrance on the southern terminus. Another point of interest is the Canyon Mouth Park, where Little River leaves the canyon just before entering Lake Weiss.

The state portion of the parkway received asphalt for the first time in 2004 (all of the parkway was originally paved with tar and gravel).

References 

Landmarks in Alabama
Lookout Mountain
Moggerhanger

Moggerhanger is a village in the English county of Bedfordshire. It is west of Sandy on the road to Bedford.  Its population in 2001 was 636, but had reduced to 620 at the 2011 Census.  In the twentieth century the village name was spelled variously as: Moggerhanger, Mogerhanger, Muggerhanger and Morehanger. Local pronunciation of the name is as Morhanger.

History
The civil parish name was known as Mogerhanger until April 2019, when the name was officially brought in line with that of the village. The parish includes the hamlet of Chalton which is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, where it is listed amongst the lands held by Adeliza, wife of Hugh de Grandmesnil, on behalf of the King.  The land consisted of a mill, meadow for 10 ploughs and woodland for 16 pigs. This was said to be an outlying area of Potton which was held by the King's niece, Countess Judith.

Notable buildings
The parish church is dedicated to St. John the Evangelist. It was built in 1860 when the village, with the hamlet of Chalton, became a separate ecclesiastical parish.  Before that, they had been hamlets in the parish of Blunham.

Moggerhanger House, a Grade I listed building designed largely by John Soane, is situated in the village.

References

External links

Villages in Bedfordshire
Civil parishes in Bedfordshire
Central Bedfordshire District
Kamyshlov

Kamyshlov or Qamışlı (, ) is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Pyshma River (Ob's basin) at its confluence with the Kamyshlovka River. Population:

History
It was founded in 1668 Kamyshevsky ostrog. From 1687 it had been known as Kamyshlovskaya sloboda. Town status was granted to it in 1781.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of the administrative divisions, Kamyshlov serves as the administrative center of Kamyshlovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Kamyshlov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the Town of Kamyshlov is incorporated as Kamyshlovsky Urban Okrug.

References

External links

Official website of Kamyshlov 
Kamyshlov Business Directory  

Cities and towns in Sverdlovsk Oblast
Kamyshlovsky Uyezd
Populated places established in 1668
1668 establishments in Russia
Yaquina Bay State Recreation Site

Yaquina Bay State Recreation Site, established in 1948, is a coastal state park in west-central Lincoln County, Oregon, United States, in the city of Newport.  It is administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department, and located at the north end of Yaquina Bay near its outlet to the Pacific Ocean.  The site includes picnic facilities, beach access, a fisherman's memorial shrine, a forested bluff and the historic Yaquina Bay Lighthouse.

See also 
 List of Oregon State Parks

References

External links 
 

State parks of Oregon
Oregon Coast
Newport, Oregon
Parks in Lincoln County, Oregon
1948 establishments in Oregon
Mystic River (disambiguation)

The Mystic River is in eastern Massachusetts, US.

Mystic River may also refer to:
 Mystic River (Connecticut), in southeastern Connecticut, US

Other uses
 Mystic River (novel), by Dennis Lehane
 Mystic River (film), directed by Clint Eastwood and based on the novel
 Mystic River Rugby Club, a rugby club from Malden, Massachusetts, US
The Mystic River, a Nigerian TV show

See also 
 Mystic (disambiguation)
John E. Hudgens

John E. Hudgens (born April 6, 1967, in Memphis, Tennessee) is an independent director, producer, and editor noted for his short Star Wars fan films and for many Babylon 5 promotional videos.

On his own, Hudgens began editing Babylon 5 videos cut to popular music beginning in 1994.  Babylon 5 creator and writer J. Michael Straczynski saw these early efforts and hired Hudgens to officially produce B5 promotional music videos for science fiction fan conventions and other events.  Eight official videos were produced, plus more unofficial videos shown at conventions and distributed on the Internet.

Hudgens had also dabbled in fan films, producing The Empire Strikes Quack in the late 1980s. Beginning in 2000, Hudgens made the first of a series of noted Star Wars fan films, Crazy Watto, a two-minute parody of Star Wars and used car commercials.  The film proved very popular and would go on to be an official selection at Lucasfilm's Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards and screen at the Cannes Film Festival.  His second film, Darth Vader's Psychic Hotline, is a fast-paced four-minute parody of many science fiction shows and films, and features Kevin J. Anderson, Claudia Christian and Peter David among others.  This effort was the second runner-up for the Audience Choice Award at the 2002 Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards, an award he would win the next year for The Jedi Hunter, a parody of Star Wars and The Crocodile Hunter.  He would win the Audience Choice Award once more in 2005 for Sith Apprentice, his longest fan film to date, at twelve minutes.  All of Hudgens fan films were produced, directed, shot, and edited by him, were made in collaboration with The Men in Black creator Lowell Cunningham, and were produced and released by Hudgens' Z-Team Productions company.

Hudgens went on to create American Scary, a feature-length documentary about television horror hosts.  The film premiered in October 2006 at the Hollywood Film Festival, and was released on DVD in February 2009.

Hudgens' most recent effort was Backyard Blockbusters, a 2012 documentary about the fan film genre and the people behind it.

References

External links 
 
 Official site for Z-Team Productions

Film producers from Tennessee
American male screenwriters
Actors from Memphis, Tennessee
1967 births
Living people
American male voice actors
Film directors from Tennessee
Screenwriters from Tennessee
Ammonia borane

Ammonia borane (also systematically named ammoniotrihydroborate), also called borazane, is the chemical compound with the formula . The colourless or white solid is the simplest molecular boron-nitrogen-hydride compound. It has attracted attention as a source of hydrogen fuel, but is otherwise primarily of academic interest.

Synthesis
Reaction of diborane with ammonia mainly gives the diammoniate salt  (diammoniodihydroboronium tetrahydroborate). Ammonia borane is the main product when an adduct of borane is employed in place of diborane:

It can also be synthesized from sodium borohydride.

Properties and structure
The molecule adopts a structure similar to that of ethane, with which it is isoelectronic. The B−N distance is 1.58(2) Å. The B−H and N−H distances are 1.15 and 0.96 Å, respectively. Its similarity to ethane is tenuous since ammonia borane is a solid and ethane is a gas: their melting points differing by 284 °C. This difference is consistent with the highly polar nature of ammonia borane. The H atoms attached to boron are hydridic (negatively charged) and those attached to nitrogen are acidic (positively charged).

The structure of the solid indicates a close association of the NH and the BH centers. The closest H−H distance is 1.990 Å, which can be compared with the H−H bonding distance of 0.74 Å. This interaction is called a dihydrogen bond. The original crystallographic analysis of this compound reversed the assignments of B and N. The updated structure was arrived at with improved data using the technique of neutron diffraction that allowed the hydrogen atoms to be located with greater precision.

Uses

Ammonia borane has been suggested as a storage medium for hydrogen, e.g. for when the gas is used to fuel motor vehicles. It can be made to release hydrogen on heating, being polymerized first to , then to , which ultimately decomposes to boron nitride (BN) at temperatures above 1000 °C. It is more hydrogen-dense than liquid hydrogen and also able to exist at normal temperatures and pressures.

Ammonia borane finds some use in organic synthesis as an air-stable derivative of diborane. It can be used as a reducing agent in transfer hydrogenation reactions, often in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

Analogous amine-boranes
Many analogues have been prepared from primary, secondary, and even tertiary amines:
 Borane tert-butylamine ()
 Borane trimethylamine ()
 Borane isopropylamine ()

The first amine adduct of borane was derived from trimethylamine. Borane tert-butylamine complex is prepared by the reaction of sodium borohydride with t-butylammonium chloride. Generally adduct are more robust with more basic amines. Variations are also possible for the boron component, although primary and secondary boranes are less common.

See also
 Phosphine-borane ()
 borane dimethylsulfide ()
 borane–tetrahydrofuran ()

References

Inorganic compounds
Boranes
Boron–nitrogen compounds
Inorganic amines
What It Is to Burn (song)

"What It Is to Burn" is the first single and title track off the album What It Is to Burn by the U.S. post-hardcore band Finch. It was released as a single in 2003 and was featured in the pilot episode of One Tree Hill. A demo version of the song was released on the Drive-Thru Records compilation CD Welcome to the Family in 2001.

Background 
In an interview with AOL, lead singer Nate Barcalow said he wrote this song from the viewpoint of a man in hell sending a letter to his loved one.

"What It Is to Burn" was first released in 2001 as a demo for a compilation by Drive-Thru Records entitled Welcome to the Family. This version is described as being longer and orchestral, as well as more popular within Finch's fanbase. The song was re-recorded and added as the title track for Finch's debut album in 2002. The shorter album version was released as a single in 2003, peaking at No. 15 on Billboard's Alternative Songs chart; to this date, it is Finch's only charting song in the United States.

Loudwire listed "What It Is to Burn" at No. 47 in their list of the Top 21st Century Hard Rock Songs.

Chart history

References

External links
 AOL interview 

2003 singles
2000s ballads
Songs written by Nate Barcalow
Finch (American band) songs
Rock ballads
2001 songs
Grupul Special de Protecție și Intervenție

Grupul Special de Protecţie şi Intervenţie (GSPI, ) is the police tactical unit of the Romanian General Directorate for Internal Security (DGPI) () part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The designated nickname of the unit is Acvila, which is Romanian for "Eagle".

History
GSPI was established in January 2003 to satisfy the European Union requirements regarding counter-terrorist operations and internal protection following the Moscow theater hostage crisis in October 2002 and reported to the Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform. Two Romanian police officers had conducted a study tour of EU countries police tactical units prior to the formation and significant assistance was provided from Germany's GSG 9 with the creation and development of GSPI. 

In 2007, GSPI joined the European Union ATLAS Network with other EU countries national police tactical units. In March 2009, GSPI was disbanded after a corruption scandal. 

In 2015, GSPI was re-established as part of the Directorate of Intelligence and Internal Security, later renamed to General Directorate for Internal Security.

Structure
GSPI structure is similar to GSG9 with a Combat group, Sniper team and Protection team.

Selection
Pre-selection lasts 10-14 days, and selection usually lasts between 30 and 45 days. At the end of these two first trials, only 15% of applicants are validated.   After that, a final exam follows, and if the candidate passes, he is now a member of the team. Three to five more years will then be dedicated for him to fully qualify in all the skills needed to become an operational member, during which he is trained in climbing and descending, parachuting, diving, explosives, first aid, instinctive shooting, aggressive car driving, VIP protection, and other disciplines.

References

External links
Unofficial GSPI page

Ministry of Administration and Interior (Romania)
Special forces of Romania
ATLAS Network
Great Hypostyle Hall

The Great Hypostyle Hall is located within the Karnak Temple Complex, in the Precinct of Amon-Re. It is one of the most visited monuments of Ancient Egypt. The structure was built around the 19th Egyptian Dynasty (–1224 BC). Its design was initially instituted by Hatshepsut, at the North-west chapel to Amun in the upper terrace of Deir el-Bahri. The name refers to hypostyle architectural pattern.

Architecture and construction 

The Great Hypostyle Hall covers an area of . The roof, now fallen, was supported by 134 columns in 16 rows; the two middle rows are higher than the others (being  in circumference and  high).

The 134 papyrus columns represent the primeval papyrus swamp from which Atum, a self-created deity, arose from the waters of Nun at the beginning of creation.

The hall was not constructed by Horemheb, or Amenhotep III as earlier scholars had thought but was built entirely by Seti I who engraved the northern wing of the hall with inscriptions.  Decoration of the southern wing was completed by the 19th dynasty pharaoh Ramesses II.

Inscriptions and reliefs 

A series of succeeding pharaohs added inscriptions to the walls and the columns in places their predecessors had left blank, including Ramesses III, Ramesses IV and Ramesses VI. The northern side of the hall is decorated in raised relief, and was mainly Seti I's work. The southern side of the hall was completed by Ramesses II, in sunk relief although he used raised relief at the very beginning of his reign before changing to the sunk relief style and re-editing his own raised reliefs. Ramesses II also usurped decoration of his father along the main north-south and east-west processional ways of the hall, giving the casual observer the idea that he was responsible for the building. However, most of Seti I's reliefs in the northern part of the hall were respected.

The outer walls depict scenes of battle, Seti I on the north and Ramesses II on the south. Although these reliefs had religious and ideological functions, they are important records of the wars of these kings.  On another wall adjoining the south wall of the Hall is a record of Ramesses II's Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty that he signed in Year 21 of his reign.

In 1899, eleven of the massive columns of the Great Hypostyle Hall collapsed in a chain reaction, because their foundations were undermined by ground water. Georges Legrain, who was then the chief archaeologist in the area, supervised the rebuilding that was completed in May 1902. Later, similar work had to continue in order to strengthen the rest of the columns of the Temple.

See also
Talatat

Notes

References
Peter J. Brand, Rosa Erika Feleg, and William J. Murnane, The Great Hypostyle Hall in the Temple of Amun at Karnak, Oriental Institute Publications 142, Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 2019,   Translation and Commentary , Figures and Plates

External links
University of Memphis' Great Hypostyle Hall Project

Buildings and structures completed in the 13th century BC
Karnak temple complex
Seti I
Dong District, Daegu

Dong District (Korean: 동구; RR: Dong-gu, lit. East District) is a gu (district) in northeastern part of Daegu metropolitan city of South Korea. Daegu city itself lies in the southeastern part of Korean Peninsula. It has a population of 343,678.  The district covers 182.35 km², for about 20% of Daegu's total area.

Dong-gu first emerged as the "eastern district office" (동부출장소) in 1938.  It achieved gu status in 1963.  In 1998, the administrative divisions were reorganized, and the former 26 dong were reorganized as 20 dong.

Administrative divisions

Ansim-dong
Bangchon-dong
Bullobongmu-dong
Dongchon-dong
Dopyeong-dong
Gongsan-dong
Haean-dong
Hyomok-dong
Jijeo-dong
Sinam-dong
Sincheon-dong

Education
International schools in Dong-gu include:
Daegu International School
Daegu Chinese Elementary School or Korea Daeguhwagyo Elementary School (한국대구화교초등학교)

Sister cities
 Huangshan, China

Notes and references

See also
Subdivisions of South Korea
Geography of South Korea

External links
Official site, in English

 
Districts of Daegu

zh:南区 (大邱)
The Hits (Garth Brooks album)

The Hits is the second compilation album, and first wide-released greatest hits album, from American country music artist Garth Brooks, released on December 13, 1994, by Liberty.

Brooks first greatest hits album, The Garth Brooks Collection, was released three months earlier exclusively at McDonald's restaurants for a limited time to raise money for the Ronald McDonald Children's Charities.

The Hits is now out of print due to Brooks' views for whole record sales, instead of albums of singles. He insisted it only be available for a limited time, but not before it sold well over 10 million copies (which at that time became his first album to achieve Diamond Series).

The album debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200, and Top Country Albums. A CD Zoom containing 20-second sound bites of 61 songs accompanied The Hits. In June 1995, the master was buried under Brooks' star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Track listing

Charts
The Hits debuted at #1 on the U.S. Billboard 200, becoming his fourth, and #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his fifth #1 Country album. In November 1998, The Hits was certified 10× Platinum by the RIAA.

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications

References

1994 greatest hits albums
Garth Brooks compilation albums
Liberty Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Allen Reynolds
Canadian Country Music Association Top Selling Album albums
Grupul Antiterorist

Grupul Antiterorist (The Anti-Terrorist Group)  is an anti-terrorist unit belonging to the Romanian Foreign Intelligence Service.

Serviciul de Informaţii Externe (SIE, the Romanian Foreign Intelligence Service) is responsible for collecting information and carrying out intelligence activities abroad, although it also incorporates a small counter-intelligence unit that is tasked with the surveillance of foreign operatives on Romanian soil.

Allegedly, in 1998 the Romanian Government decided that SIE needed a small anti-terrorist detachment, which could be used in capturing terrorist elements abroad, in cooperation with similar friendly structures from NATO.

Thus, the detachment was created, with members taken mainly from Romania's national anti-terrorist authority, the Brigada Antiteroristă of the Romanian Intelligence Service (SRI, Romanian Intelligence Service). The small detachment was composed of only 23 operatives.

Over the years, their number was decreased to 15 operatives. The Group's activities are unknown, and the unit was secret until its existence was revealed by the Romanian President Traian Băsescu in a public speech, where he thanked the Group for taking part in the liberation of the three Romanian journalists held hostage in Iraq in 2005. 
This created confusion among the written press in Romania, with some newspapers claiming the operators had actually been from Brigada Antiteroristă, while others were speaking of an entire "Anti-Terrorist Brigade of SIE".

However, Băsescu continued to praise the Group's activity on many occasions, including its alleged cooperation with similar NATO structures. It is highly unlikely that the President himself, who was the head of the Emergency Response Cell created to deal with the hostage crisis, was confused about the unit's very existence.
Therefore, it is logical to assume that this unit truly exists, and that, according to Băsescu and his hostage negotiation team, eight of its fifteen members were present in Baghdad during the hostage crisis, and managed to free all three hostages and bring them back to Romania.
As an additional element to support this assumption, combatants with face-masks were seen disembarking from the Romanian Air Force C-130 aircraft which brought the hostages back to Bucharest.

Notes

External links
 Unofficial site 

Foreign Intelligence Service (Romania)
Special forces of Romania
Highest Science and Technology Award

The Highest Science and Technology Award () also known as the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, State Supreme Science and Technology Award, or China's Nobel Prize is the highest scientific award issued by the President of the PRC to scientists working in China. The award, given annually each January since 2000, is one of the five State Science and Technology Prizes established by the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

The award comes with a prize of 8 million RMB (about 1.16 million USD), with 10% of this awarded as a bonus to the scientist and the remainder awarded to support the scientist's research.

Award winners 
2000
Yuan Longping - agriculturist
Wu Wenjun - mathematician

2001
Wang Xuan - computer scientist
Huang Kun - physicist

2002
Jin Yilian - computer scientist

2003
Liu Dongsheng - geologist
Wang Yongzhi - aerospace scientist

2004
Not awarded

2005
Ye Duzheng - meteorologist
Wu Mengchao - hepatobiliary surgery scientist and surgeon

2006
Li Zhensheng - plant geneticist

2007
Min Enze - petrochemical engineer
Wu Zhengyi - biologist

2008
Wang Zhongcheng - neurologist
Xu Guangxian - chemist

2009
Gu Chaohao - mathematician
Sun Jiadong - satellite engineer

2010
Shi Changxu - material scientist
Wang Zhenyi - pathophysiologist

2011
Xie Jialin - physicist
Wu Liangyong - architect

2012
Zheng Zhemin - physicist
Wang Xiaomo - radar engineer

2013
Zhang Cunhao - physical chemist
Cheng Kaijia - nuclear physicist

2014
Yu Min - nuclear physicist

2015
Not awarded

2016
Zhao Zhongxian - physicist
Tu Youyou - pharmaceutical chemist

2017
Wang Zeshan - explosives specialist
Hou Yunde - virologist

2018
Liu Yongtan - radar technology and signal processing expert
Qian Qihu - military protection engineering expert

2019
Huang Xuhua - nuclear submarine engineer
Zeng Qingcun - meteorologist

2020 

 Gu Songfen - aerodynamicist
 Wang Dazhong - nuclear reactor engineer

See also 

 List of general science and technology awards 
 State Science and Technology Prizes

References 

Orders, decorations, and medals of the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China science and technology awards
Awards established in 2000
2000 establishments in China
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese awards
Academic awards in China
Shoalwater

Shoalwater may refer to:
 Shoalwater, Western Australia, a suburb of Perth in Western Australia
 Shoalwater Bay, a large bay on the central coast of Queensland, Australia, in use since 1966 as a military training area
 Shoalwater Bay, the original name given by settlers to Willapa Bay in Washington, United States of America
 Shoalwater Bay Tribe, a Native American tribe in western Washington state
 , a minehunter operated by the Royal Australian Navy from 1987 to 2001
Shoalwater (sidewheeler 1852), a steamboat that operated the upper Willamette River