alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Taras Protsyuk

Taras Protsyuk (; January 16, 1968 – April 8, 2003) was a Ukrainian TV cameraman working for Reuters, who was killed during the 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq.

Biography
Born in Ivano-Frankivsk (Ukraine), Protsyuk was based and lived in Warsaw (Poland) since 1999 and worked as a cameraman for Reuters since 1993. During his career he covered the conflicts in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Chechnya, Kosovo and made news reports about Poland. Protsyuk was in line to gain Polish citizenship. Protsyuk is survived by his wife and an eight-year-old son, the family had moved from Kyiv to Warsaw in 1999.

Death
Protsyuk died on April 8, 2003 (April 8, 2003 journalist deaths by U.S. fire). Protsyuk was filming from a balcony of the Palestine Hotel in Baghdad, where most of the foreign journalists were staying, when a shell fired by a U.S. M1 Abrams tank killed him and José Couso, a cameraman for the Spanish television station Telecinco. The U.S. soldier commanding the tank was Sgt. Shawn Gibson of the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division. On the same day, a total of three locations in Baghdad housing journalists were fired upon by U.S. armed forces, killing three journalists and wounding four.

There were conflicting reports about the nature of the shelling that killed Protsyuk. In the immediate aftermath of the incident, U.S. military officials claimed one of their tanks had fired on the hotel in response to incoming sniper and rocket fire. However, journalists in the hotel at the time of the shelling, claimed to have heard no fire coming from the hotel. Moreover, the accidental nature of the incident was subject to further questioning when a former military intelligence official revealed in 2008 that the Palestine Hotel had been listed as a military target prior to the 2003 incident.

Remembrance
Hundreds, including politicians and public figures, attended his funeral in Kyiv on April 13, and the Ukrainian parliament observed a minute of silence in his memory.

On April 8 the United States Embassy in Kyiv is annually picketed in his memory.

References

External links

 Account of events on day Protsyuk was killed
  Taras Protsyuk captured some of this region's worst moments
 Spanish court absolves U.S. of criminal responsibility in Protsyuk's death - IFEX
 Five-year anniversary photo-memorial from Reuters
 

1968 births
2003 deaths
Ukrainian television journalists
Journalists killed while covering the Iraq War
Reuters people
Polish people of Ukrainian descent
People from Ivano-Frankivsk
Burials at Baikove Cemetery
2001–02 Vyshcha Liha

The 2001–02 Vyshcha Liha season was the 11th since its establishment. FC Dynamo Kyiv were the defending champions.

Teams

Promotions
Zakarpattia Uzhhorod, the runners-up of the 2000–01 Ukrainian First League  – (debut)
Polihraftekhnika Oleksandriya, the third placed of the 2000–01 Ukrainian First League  – (debut)

Note: the 2000–01 Ukrainian First League was won by the second team of Dynamo Kyiv, FC Dynamo-2 Kyiv, which could not be promoted.

Renamed
 FC CSKA Kyiv owned by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine was sold to the Kyiv city authorities headed by Oleksandr Omelchenko. The club was reorganized and renamed as FC Arsenal Kyiv to commemorate SC Arsenal that existed before 1960s.

Location

Managers

League table

European qualifications case
Due to the fact that both finalists of the 2002 Ukrainian Cup Final Dynamo and Shakhtar qualified for the UEFA Champions League, the fourth European competition berth was to be awarded to the best fourth placed team in the league competition. The fourth place with 40 points earned was Metalist Kharkiv, however there were two more teams with the same number of points Metalurh Zaporizhia and Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. According to the 2001-02 season regulations the first tie breaker in case of even points were the head-to-head points among the teams that tied. Therefore originally Metalist Kharkiv was the main contender to qualify for the European competitions. However, the administration of FC Metalurh Zaporizhia argued the fact that their team head better head-to-head record with both Metalist Kharkiv (2 1-0-1 2-2 with an away goal) and Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk (2 1-1-0 2-1). On 16 June 2002 the FFU Executive Committee came up with its final decision awarding Metalurh Zaporizhia with qualification to European competitions.

Results

Relegation playoff

Top goalscorers

See also
 2001–02 Ukrainian First League
 2001–02 Ukrainian Second League
 2001–02 Ukrainian Cup

References

External links
ukrsoccerhistory.com - source of information
Decision of the Executive Committee of Football Federation of Ukraine 
Official press release of the Football Federation of Ukraine 

Ukrainian Premier League seasons
1
Ukra
André Viger

André Viger,  (September 27, 1952 – October 1, 2006) was a French Canadian wheelchair marathoner and Paralympian. He took part in five consecutive Summer Paralympic Games in athletics from 1980 to 1996, winning a total of three gold, three silver and four bronze medals.

Biography
Born in Windsor, Ontario, Viger grew up in Sherbrooke, Quebec. He lost the use of his legs following a traffic accident at age 20. He won the men's wheelchair division of the Boston Marathon in 1984, 1986 and 1987. In 1987, he was made a Knight of the National Order of Quebec. In 1989, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada for being "a source of encouragement for young athletes and a role model for young people everywhere". In 1993, he was inducted into the Terry Fox Hall of Fame, and in 2005, the Paralympic Hall of Fame.

After retiring from athletics, he began a career as a businessman and started a wheelchair manufacturing company. He died of cancer on October 1, 2006.

In 2013, Viger was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.

References

External links
 
 André Viger at the Canadian Paralympic Committee
 
 

1952 births
2006 deaths
Deaths from cancer in Quebec
Franco-Ontarian people
Knights of the National Order of Quebec
Officers of the Order of Canada
Paralympic track and field athletes for Canada
Canadian Disability Hall of Fame
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Paralympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Paralympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Paralympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Paralympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic gold medalists for Canada
Paralympic silver medalists for Canada
Paralympic bronze medalists for Canada
Sportspeople from Windsor, Ontario
Wheelchair racers at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Wheelchair racers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Paralympics
Canadian male wheelchair racers
People with paraplegia
Paralympic medalists in athletics (track and field)
Greatest Hits Vol. III (Umphrey's McGee album)

Greatest Hits Vol. III is the debut studio album by Umphrey's McGee, recorded in 1998 and released by the independent label Street Gold Records just eight months after the band's formation.

The album was recorded somewhat haphazardly in an effort to help the band secure local gigs. While the liner notes state that the album was recorded at "Dirty White Couch Studios", it was actually taped in the back of a Johnstone Supply warehouse by Andy Peck and Mike Brinker in South Bend, Indiana. The first pressing consisted of just 400 CDs and included a spelling error of the band's name on the spine. Regardless, the disc sold out by the first week of September. A second pressing of about 1,000 was ordered, and included a reference to new band member Andy Farag in the liner notes (Farag, however, wouldn't make his actual debut until the subsequent release, Songs for Older Women). Greatest Hits Vol. III is thus known for being the only album to feature the original four-man lineup of the band.

Several of the album's songs were conceived and performed by the band Tashi Station, which included guitarist Brendan Bayliss and bassist Ryan Stasik prior to forming Umphrey's.

While GHvIII has been out of print for years, many of its songs are still in the band's live rotation today.

Track listing

Credits
Brendan Bayliss: guitar & vocals
Joel Cummins: piano, organ, & vocals
Ryan Stasik: bass
Michael Mirro: percussion
Andy Farag: percussion (recognized as a contributor in the liner notes of the second pressing, but doesn't actually appear on the disc)
Recorded and mixed by Andy Peck, & Mike Brinker at "Dirty White Couch Studios" in South Bend, Indiana.

References 

Umphrey's McGee albums
1998 debut albums
Lyle Williams

Lyle Williams (August 23, 1942 – November 7, 2008) was an American politician who served three terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1979 to 1985.

Biography
Williams was born in Philippi, West Virginia to Dale and Frankie (Ice) Williams. He attended the public schools of North Bloomfield, Ohio, graduating from Bloomfield High School in 1960. He served in the United States Army Reserve from 1960 to 1968, and worked as a barber. He married Nancie Peterson in 1964 and had four children.

Political career 
Williams began his political career as a member of the Bloomfield school board from 1970 to 1972, before he was elected a Trumbull County Commissioner, serving from 1972 to 1976. He was elected a Republican to the Ninety-sixth Congress in 1978, narrowly defeating incumbent Democrat Charles J. Carney in a heavily Democratic working class district that included the industrial cities of Youngstown and Warren. He was reelected in 1980, defeating state Senator Harry Meshel, and in 1982 over George D. Tablack. He was defeated for reelection in 1984 by Mahoning County Sheriff James Traficant.

After Congress 
After leaving Congress, Williams worked on the external affairs staff of the Office of Surface Mining in the U.S. Department of the Interior, beginning in 1987. He ran unsuccessfully for nomination to the One Hundred Third, One Hundred Eighth, and One Hundred Ninth Congresses.

Death
Williams died of a heart attack in Lordstown, Ohio, on November 7, 2008.

References

External links

1942 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American politicians
County commissioners in Ohio
Military personnel from Ohio
People from Philippi, West Virginia
Politicians from Warren, Ohio
School board members in Ohio
United States Army reservists
United States Department of the Interior officials
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio
Casimir Marie Gaudibert

Casimir Marie Gaudibert (4 March 1823 – 9 June 1901) was a French amateur astronomer and selenographer.

Gaudibert produced a map of the Moon in 1887. Under the direction of Camille Flammarion, Emile Bertaux subsequently produced a globe of the moon based on Gaudibert's lunar map.

The crater Gaudibert on the Moon is named after him.

Sources
Science Museum: Lunar globes

Gaudibert was born into a Roman Catholic family in central France He was converted to Protestantism through a conversation with an itinerant Spanish evangelist. He moved to Belgium where he was a preacher involved with L'Église missionnaire but was evicted from his pulpit because some of his teaching was considered as unacceptable. From then on he was a teacher in the Plymouth Brethren assemblies in Belgium. Information from his grandson whom I knew in Switzerland in the 1970s. T C F Stunt

External links
 Portrait of Casimir Marie Gaudibert  from the Lick Observatory Records Digital Archive, UC Santa Cruz Library's Digital Collections 

1823 births
1901 deaths
19th-century French astronomers
Amateur astronomers
Selenographers
Condyloid process

The condyloid process or condylar process is the process on the human and other mammalian species' mandibles that ends in a condyle, the mandibular condyle. It is thicker than the coronoid process of the mandible and consists of two portions: the condyle and the constricted portion which supports it, the neck.

Condyle 
The most superior part of the mandible, the condyle presents an articular surface for articulation with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint; it is convex from before backward and from side to side, and extends farther on the posterior than on the anterior surface.

Its long axis is directed medialward and slightly backward, and if prolonged to the middle line will meet that of the opposite condyle near the anterior margin of the foramen magnum.

At the lateral extremity of the condyle is a small tubercle for the attachment of the temporomandibular ligament.

The articular surface of the condyle is covered by fibrous tissue, and interfaces with an articular disk (or meniscus) of avascular, non-innervated fibrous tissue (collagen, fibroblasts).  When the mouth is closed the meniscus is bordered medially and superiorly by the glenoid fossa of the petrous portion of the temporal bone.  When the mouth is opened maximally, the meniscus is distracted anteriorly and inferiorly along the slope of the inferior portion of the temporal bone towards the tubercle, or articular eminence, in order to remain interposed between the condyle and the temporal bone in all jaw positions.

Neck
The neck of the process rises from the posterior of the ramus mandibulae. It is flattened from before backward, and strengthened by ridges which descend from the forepart and sides of the condyle.

Its posterior surface is convex; its anterior surface has a depression for the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Fractures
Because the articular disk prevents the mandible from moving posteriorly, the condylar neck is often subject to fracturing when the jaw suffers a blow.

Additional images

References

External links

 
  - "Osteology of the Skull: Mandible of Intact Skull"
 
 

Bones of the head and neck
The Scroll

The Scroll may refer to:

School newspaper for The American School in London
Newspaper for Brigham Young University–Idaho
Official magazine of Phi Delta Theta fraternity
Timothy Wood

Timothy John Rogerson Wood (born 13 August 1940), known as Tim Wood, is a British politician. He was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for Stevenage, which he won at the 1983 general election.

While in Parliament, Wood served as a Parliamentary Private Secretary to Ministers in the Ministry of Defence and Northern Ireland Office.  Following the 1992 general election, Wood became a Government Whip.

At the 1997 general election a swing of 13.9% from the Conservatives to Labour saw Wood defeated by Labour Party candidate Barbara Follett by 11,582 votes.

On 3 May 2007, Wood was elected to East Devon District Council to represent Exmouth Littleham ward.

References

External links 
 

1940 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Members of the Bow Group
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
Councillors in Devon
Pella Dutch dialect

Pella Dutch, also known as Iowa Dutch, is a dialect of the Dutch language spoken in Pella, Iowa. It is a subdialect of South Guelderish.

Pella Dutch's origins began with the migration of a group of 800 Dutch settlers under the leadership of Dominee (Reverend) H. P. Scholte in 1847.

In 1860, the Pella Weekblad, Pella's first Dutch language newspaper, debuted. The paper continued to be published weekly until 1941.

Language use was strongly affected by Governor William L. Harding's controversial 1917 Babel Proclamation, which banned the speaking of languages other than English in public.

Semi-speakers of the dialect have been attested as recently as 2011.

References

Pella, Iowa
Dutch-American culture in Iowa
Dutch dialects
Dutch language in the United States
John Sellekaers

John Sellekaers is a Canadian-born musician and audio mastering engineer. Born in 1973 in Montreal, Quebec he later moved to Brussels, Belgium.  Beginning with his project Xingu Hill in the 1990s, he has released over 60 records under various aliases such as Night Sky Pulse, Feral Cities, Meeple, and Dead Hollywood Stars on labels such as Ant-Zen, Hymen Records, Nova Zembla and Disques Hushush. His style ranges from experimental music to electronica.

Around 1988, under the influence of electronic music pioneers such as Cabaret Voltaire and Tangerine Dream, he began experimenting with synthesizers. Later, in the early nineties, he started a magazine devoted to underground culture entitled "Noyade mécanique" (for Mechanical drowning). Other contributors for this magazine included Belgian artists such as Olivier Moreau and Seal Phüric.

In 1994, the Belgian underground techno, ambient and IDM record label Nova Zembla signed him for three albums. In 1995 his first album "Maps Of The Impossible" came out under the Xingu Hill moniker.

Besides his main incarnation, Xingu Hill, Sellekaers has recorded under several aliases. They include Dead Hollywood Stars, Urawa, The Missing Ensemble, Uncotones, Ambre, Moonsanto and Ammo. Moonsanto is an experimental music and political project by Sellekaers, C-drik Fermont, Gabriel Séverin and Marc Mœdea. Active since 2000, Moonsanto can be called an industrial supergroup as it consist of members of Xingu Hill, Dead Hollywood Stars, Silk Saw and Ammo. Moonsanto's first full-length release is called Fraud Hell Dope. It is in fact a play on words about Monsanto Company's motto, "Food Health Hope". It is a multinational company active in the genetic engineering market.

He has collaborated with artists such as Mick Harris (of Scorn), David Thrussell (of Snog and Black Lung), Olivier Moreau (of Imminent), C-drik Fermont, Silk Saw and Panacea. In 2005, John Sellekaers, Daniel De Los Santos (of Tamarin) and literary fiction writer Brian Evenson released a record of experimental spoken word.

During his career, John Sellekaers has extensively played live in Europe and North America.

Since 1998, he is also running the Metarc mastering studio, currently located in Montreal.

Despite having released music under a number of monikers over the years, he didn't release music under his own name until 2019 with the release of Residual Broadcast, which was followed by releases in 2021 of Observer Effect on Glacial Movements and Foilum on the Oreille Gardee label. His more recent works trend towards ambient and atmospheric soundscapes, infused with elements of field recording.

References

External links 
 John Sellekaers website
 Villa Cyclope (John's photo project)
 Discogs entry
 Moonsanto discography at Discogs.com

1973 births
Canadian electronic musicians
Living people
Musicians from Montreal
Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler

Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender was a report prepared by Henry A. Murray for the United States Office of Strategic Services during World War II. It was one of two psychoanalytic reports prepared for the OSS on Nazi Germany leader Adolf Hitler; the other was "A Psychological Analysis of Adolph Hitler: His Life and Legend" (later published in book form under the title The Mind of Adolf Hitler).

Murray's report is dated October 1943. A copy in PDF is available from the Cornell Law School library, which received copyright permission to publish the report online from Murray's family in 2004. The Cornell copy is serialized as copy number 3 of 30. The report forms a part of the law library's Donovan Collection, which contains the papers of the OSS chief William J. Donovan.

History
Murray prepared the report, which consists of the following:

6 unnumbered pages of Introductory Material (consisting of a cover page, a foreword and a table of contents)
Section 1 (pages numbered 1-53) entitled a  Condensed Review of the Entire Memorandum, which contains
Part A (pages 1–29), Brief Analysis of Hitler's Personality
Part B (pages 29 – 33), Predictions of Hitler's Behavior
Part C (pages 33 – 38), Suggestions for the Treatment of Hitler
Part D (pages 38 – 53), Suggestions for the Treatment of the German People
Section 2, a work by W.H.D. Vernon (numbered as pages 54 – 81) entitled Hitler the Man - Notes for a Case Study
Section 3 (numbered as pages 82 – 227) appearing here, which is intended for "psychologists and psychiatrists."

The sources for the report, identified in the introductory material, are all published sources, including the paper which was prepared by Vernon (Section 2) under Murray's general supervision. Unlike the report prepared by Langer (see The Mind of Adolf Hitler), Murray conducted no personal interviews of Hitler associates.

There is some overlap between the two wartime reports. Murray's biographer asserts that Langer copied from Murray without crediting his work.

Footnotes

Reference Works

External links
 Murray, Henry A. (1943) Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender at Donovan Nuremberg Trials Collection, Cornell University Law Library
 Murray, Henry A. (1943) Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender at archive.org

Academic works about psychoanalysis
Reports of the United States government
Office of Strategic Services
Intelligence reports
Offender profiling
Works about Adolf Hitler
Psychological studies of Adolf Hitler
1943 documents
Naming collision

A naming collision is a circumstance where two or more identifiers in a given namespace or a given scope cannot be unambiguously resolved, and such unambiguous resolution is a requirement of the underlying system.

Example: XML element names 
In XML, element names can be originated and changed to reflect the type of information contained in the document. This level of flexibility may cause problems if separate documents encode different kinds of information, but use the same identifiers for the element names.

For example, the following sample document defines the basic semantics for a "person" document and a "book" document. Both of these use a "title" element, but the meaning is not the same:
<root>
    <person>
        <fname>Nancy</fname>
        <lname>Davolio</lname>
        <title>Dr.</title>
        <age>29</age>
    </person>
    
    <book>
        <title>Harry Potter And The Cursed Child</title>
        <isbn>ABCD1234567</isbn>
    </book>
</root>
For an application to allow a user to correctly query for and retrieve the "title" element, it must provide a way to unambiguously specify which title element is being requested. Failure to do so would give rise to a naming collision on the title element (as well as any other elements that shared this unintended similarity).

In the preceding example, there is enough information in the structure of the document itself (which is specified by the "root" element) to provide a means of unambiguously resolving element names. 

For example, using XPath:

    //root/person/title          ;; the formal title for a person
    //root/book/title            ;; the title of a book

Collision domain

The term collision domain may also be used to refer to a system in which a single name or identifier is open to multiple interpretations by different layers or processing.  The notion of a namespace has been widely adopted as a software programming practice to avert undesired clashes. Note that its use in the networking field is superficially similar, but quite different in reality.

See also
 Name collision
 Namespace
 XML Namespaces
 Delimiter collision

References

Programming constructs
Julian Coolidge

Julian Lowell Coolidge (September 28, 1873 – March 5, 1954) was an American mathematician, historian, a professor and chairman of the Harvard University Mathematics Department.

Biography
Born in Brookline, Massachusetts, he graduated from Harvard University and Oxford University.

Between 1897 and 1899, Julian Coolidge taught at the Groton School, where one of his students was Franklin D. Roosevelt. He left the private school to accept a teaching position at Harvard and in 1902 was given an assistant professorship, but took two years off to further his education with studies in Turin, Italy before receiving his doctorate from the University of Bonn. Julian Coolidge then returned to teach at Harvard where he remained for his entire academic career, interrupted only by a year at the Sorbonne in Paris as an exchange professor.

During World War I, he served with the U.S. Army's Overseas Expeditionary Force in France, rising to the rank of major. In 1919, he was awarded a Knight of France's Legion of Honor.

Coolidge returned to teach at Harvard where he was awarded a full professorship. In 1927 he was appointed chairman of the Mathematics Department at Harvard, a position he held until his retirement in 1940. A Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Coolidge served as president of the Mathematical Association of America and vice-president of the American Mathematical Society. He authored several books on mathematics and on the history of mathematics.
He was Master of Lowell House (one of Harvard's undergraduate residences) from 1930 to 1940.

Coolidge died in 1954 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, aged 80.

Writings
J. L. Coolidge (1909) The elements of non-Euclidean geometry, Oxford University Press.
J. L. Coolidge (1916) A Treatise on the Circle and the Sphere, Oxford University Press.
J. L. Coolidge (1924) The geometry of the complex domain, The Clarendon Press.
J. L. Coolidge (1925) An introduction to mathematical probability, Oxford University Press.
J. L. Coolidge (1931) A Treatise on Algebraic Plane Curves, Oxford University Press (Dover Publications 2004).
J. L. Coolidge (1940) A history of geometrical methods, Oxford University Press (Dover Publications 2003).
J. L. Coolidge (1945) History of the conic sections and quadric surfaces, The Clarendon Press.
J. L. Coolidge (1949) The Mathematics Of Great Amateurs, Oxford University Press (Dover Publications 1963).

See also
Commandino's theorem
Projective range
Screw theory
Spieker circle

References

External links
 
 
 Coolidge: "Origin of Polar Coordinates" (from MacTutor)

1873 births
1954 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
American historians of mathematics
United States Army personnel of World War I
University of Paris alumni
University of Bonn alumni
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Harvard University alumni
Harvard University Department of Mathematics faculty
Harvard University faculty
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
Presidents of the Mathematical Association of America
People from Cambridge, Massachusetts
People from Brookline, Massachusetts
American expatriates in France
Yuri (island)

Yuri (Iurii) (, , ) is an uninhabited island in the Habomai Islands sub-group of the Kuril Islands chain in the south of the Sea of Okhotsk, northwest Pacific Ocean. The island is uninhabited from 1945 after the Soviet invasion of the Kuril Islands and deportation of Japanese to Hokkaido. It is currently administered as part of Yuzhno-Kurilsky District, Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian Federation. Its name is derived from the Ainu language word for cormorant.

History

Yuri was originally uninhabited. In 1799, under the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, a trading post and settlement was established on the island by the villages of Akkeshi and Nemuro as a base for fishermen, and for trade with the Ainu, the native peoples of the Kurils, Sakhalin and Hokkaidō. Administration of the island came under the village of Habomai in Hokkaido during the Meiji period, and immediately before World War II, the population of the island was 501 people, mostly engaged in commercial fishing.

During the Invasion of the Kuril Islands by the Soviet Union after the end of World War II, the island was seized without resistance. In 1945, the Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles see its native inhabitants being deported to Hokkaido and the island was uninhabited except for Soviet Border Troops until they were withdrawn upon the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The island is now uninhabited and is administered as part of the Yuzhno-Kurilsky District, Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian Federation.

See also
Kuril Islands dispute
Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles

Notes

Further reading
 Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich, and James Greive. The History of Kamtschatka and the Kurilski Islands, with the Countries Adjacent. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.
 Rees, David. The Soviet Seizure of the Kuriles. New York: Praeger, 1985. 

Southern Kuriles
Uninhabited islands of Russia
Heinz Tietjen

Heinz Tietjen (24 June 1881 – 30 November 1967) was a German conductor and music producer born in Tangier, Morocco.

Biography 
Tietjen was born in Tangier, Morocco. At age twenty-three, he held the position of producer at the Opera House in Trier and was appointed its director in 1907, holding the dual roles until 1922. Simultaneously, he was the director at Saarbrücken and Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) from 1919 to 1922. Tietjen was the director of the Deutsche Oper Berlin between 1925 and 1927, then director of the Prussian State Theatre. Among his productions at this time was the Berlin premiere of Hans Gál's 1923 opera, Die heilige Ente.

From 1931 to 1944, Tietjen served as artistic director at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus for Winifred Wagner with whom he had a romantic liaison. He was appointed to the Prussian State Council by Prussian Minister President Hermann Göring at the end of 1935, serving until the fall of the Nazi regime. In his capacity as director of the Prussian State Theatre, Tietjen approved the closure of Berlin's Kroll Opera House which the Nazis had criticized as a cultural institution of "Reds and Jews". He also dismissed 27 non-Aryan employees and canceled the contracts of many Jewish performers. Despite this, post-war denazification proceedings only issued him a mild reprimand for "behaving opportunistically". 

In 1948 he returned to the directship of the Deutsche Oper Berlin, serving until 1954 when he was appointed manager and artistic director of the new Hamburg State Opera, a job he held until 1959.

Heinz Tietjen died in 1967 in Baden-Baden.

References

1881 births
1967 deaths
20th-century German conductors (music)
20th-century German male musicians
20th-century German people
General directors of the Berlin State Opera
German expatriates in Morocco
German male conductors (music)
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Members of the Prussian State Council (Nazi Germany)
People from Tangier
National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Assamese

The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Assamese is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The National Film Awards, established in 1954, are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the Indian cinema. The ceremony also presents awards for films in various regional languages.

Awards for films in seven regional language (Bengali, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil and Telugu) started from 2nd National Film Awards which were presented in 1955. Three awards of "President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film", "Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film" and "Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film" were instituted. The later two certificate awards were discontinued from 15th National Film Awards (1967).

The films made in Assamese language were not considered until the 3rd National Film Awards ceremony held in September 1956. However, only Certificate of Merit was issued in this ceremony as no film was found suitable for the "President's Silver Medal". The 1955 Phani Sarma directorial film Piyali Phukan received the first Certificate of Merit. Later in the 6th National Film Awards the 1958 film Ronga Police, directed by Nip Barua, became the first film to receive the president's silver medal for Best Feature Film in Assamese.

Winners 

Award includes 'Rajat Kamal' (Silver Lotus Award) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:

References

External links 
 Official Page for Directorate of Film Festivals, India
 National Film Awards Archives

Assamese
Cinema of Assam
Wap3

wap3 Technologies GmbH is a company with its headquarters in Cologne, Germany. It provides wireless applications to operators and consumer. wap3 is a publisher of mobile consumer services and its applications regularly rank among the top-5 in mobile portals.

To date, wap3 services are available to over 240 million mobile users in 31 countries, running more than 80 commercial implementations in 10 different languages.  Wap3 describes itself as a "partners of choice" for wireless applications in many major mobile portals.

wap3 has partnerships Wind, Telefónica, O2, Kpn, Telecom Italia, Telering, One, Orange, E-plus, Movistar, MTS, UMC, Telenor Montenegro, Bouygues

History 
wap3 was established in 2000.

On 6/6/2006, Australian Technology company Jumbuck Entertainment Ltd (ASX: JMB) announced that it had completed the acquisition of wap3's community business. Jumbuck acquired a 100% interest in wap3's community business, research and development facility and related investments from wap3 technologies for a purchase price of €4.6 million (approximately A$7.7million). wap3's principals committed to two year management contracts with Jumbuck.

References

External links 
wap3 Technologies GmbH website
wap3 ltd Ukraine website
mobilerunner.wap3.net—MobileRunner, web-based emulators for WAP, i-mode, PDA or Java ME
en.wapchat.net—LiveChatWorld, demo mobile community service
Jumbuck Limited Ltd—Jumbuck, Jumbuck

Companies established in 2000
Software companies of Germany
Deepwater arrowtooth eel

The deepwater arrowtooth eel, Histiobranchus  bathybius, is a cutthroat eel of the genus Histiobranchus, found globally.

References
 
 
 Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand,  (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) 

Synaphobranchidae
Fish described in 1877
Taxa named by Albert Günther
Wei County

Wei County may refer to the following locations in China:

Wei County, Handan (), Hebei
Wei County, Xingtai (), Hebei
Weifang (), formerly 
Weixian Internment Camp

County name disambiguation pages
Vytautas Andrius Graičiūnas

Vytautas Andrius Graičiūnas (August 17, 1898 in Chicago – January 9, 1952 in Olzheras, Siberia) was a Lithuanian American management theorist, management consultant, and engineer, and was a known expert in his field. Born to Lithuanian immigrants, he studied at the University of Chicago. During World War I he served in France. After coming back in 1919, he became interested in management and continued his studies at the Illinois Institute of Technology.

In 1927 he came to Lithuania and worked at factories in Kaunas. Soon he started traveling and working across Europe. Until 1935 he worked as a consultant and helped to establish large companies in Barcelona, Brussels, Copenhagen, London, and Milan. During this period he published his classic study printed in Geneva, Relationship in Organization in 1933. Soon other editions appeared in the United States. He mathematically proved that a manager should not have more than four to five subordinates. He came up with the following formula to express the total number of relationships between a boss and his or her subordinates:

 N [(2N/2) + N - 1], where N is a number of subordinates.

When the number of subordinates increases, the number of relationships increases exponentially; at five subordinates the number of relationships is 100, at ten, 5,210. Many scientists expanded or criticized the theory; among them was Herbert A. Simon.

In 1935 Graičiūnas returned to Lithuania, where he worked as an engineer, management consultant at various state and private institutions, including the Ministry of Defense, Lithuanian aviation, the Lithuanian State Theatre, and the Lithuanian Film Company. He also lectured at the Vytautas Magnus University and was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas. During World War II Graičiūnas decided to remain in Lithuania despite clear threats of the occupation by the Soviet Union.

In 1951 while visiting Moscow with a group of students he visited the embassy of the United States where he was told that only he could leave the Soviet Union because his wife, actor Unė Babickaitė, did not have U.S. citizenship. After this incident, Graičiūnas and his wife were arrested for espionage and anti-Soviet activities, and were tried and sentenced to several years in a gulag. He died the following year under unclear circumstances. His wife, after Joseph Stalin's death in 1953, got her sentence reduced and returned to Kaunas.

See also 
List of business theorists

References

Business theorists
Lithuanian economists
20th-century Lithuanian businesspeople
Lithuanian engineers
Soviet engineers
1898 births
1952 deaths
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
Commander's Crosses of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
University of Chicago alumni
Academic staff of Vytautas Magnus University
Sten Heckscher

Sten Heckscher (born 29 July 1942) is a Swedish lawyer and Social Democratic politician.

He graduated with a degree in law from Uppsala University. Even though his father was leader of what later became the Moderate Party, Heckscher himself engaged in Social Democratic politics. He served in numerous public positions in and out of government until Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson appointed him Minister of Industry and Employment on the eve of the Social Democrats' election victory in 1994. In 1996, he resigned to become National Police Commissioner. Heckscher served until 2005 when he was appointed chief judge of the Administrative Court of Appeal in Stockholm. On 1 October 2007, he became President of the Supreme Administrative Court of Sweden.

Early life
Heckscher was born on 29 July 1942 in Stockholm, Sweden, the son of former leader of the Right Wing Party, Professor Gunnar Heckscher, and his wife Anna Britta (née Vickhoff). He is grandson of economist Eli Heckscher. Heckscher received a Candidate of Law degree from Uppsala University in 1968.

Career
Heckscher did his clerkship from 1969 to 1971. Heckscher was a member of the 1968 Education Investigation (1968 års utbildningsutredning) from 1971 to 1973 and became an aspirant in the Svea Court of Appeal in 1973, and a Legal Clerk in 1974. He was an expert in the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention from 1976 to 1978 and in the Ministry of Justice in 1979. Heckscher became an assessor in 1982 and was a member of the Commission on Narcotic (Narkotikakommissionen) from 1982 to 1984. He was deputy director-general (departementsråd) in the Ministry of Justice from 1984 to 1986 and director-general for legal affairs (rättschef) in the Ministry of Employment from 1986 to 1987. Heckscher served as State Secretary in the Ministry of Justice from 1987 to 1991 and as Director General and head of the Swedish Patent and Registration Office from 1991 to 1994. In 1996, Heckscher was appointed National Police Commissioner.

Heckscher was also responsible for legal and institutional issues in Sweden's EEA negotiations from 1989 to 1991, investigator in the legislation for Sweden's accession to the EU from 1993 to 1994, investigator in Legal Aid Law (Rättshjälpslagen) from 1993 to 1994, chairman of the board of Retriva AB from 1993 to 1994, and was investigator in the authorization and supervision of auditors in 1994.

Personal life
In 1990, he married Louise Nermark (born 1959), the daughter of Jerker Nermark and Gull Snellman.

References

1942 births
Living people
Swedish Social Democratic Party politicians
Uppsala University alumni
Justices of the Supreme Administrative Court of Sweden
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 3rd Class
Swedish people of Jewish descent
21st-century Swedish judges
Swedish Ministers for Industry
Jonatan Johansson

Jonatan or Jonathan Johansson is the name of:
Jonatan Johansson (footballer) (born 1975), Finnish football player and coach
Jonatan Johansson (snowboarder) (1980–2006), Swedish snowboarder 
Jonathan Johansson (musician) (born 1980), Swedish musician
Jonathan Johansson (ice hockey) (born 1991), Swedish ice hockey player
Mount St. Joseph Abbey, Roscrea

Mount St. Joseph Abbey is an abbey of the Trappist branch of the Cistercians located in County Offaly, near Roscrea, County Tipperary in Ireland.

The abbey was founded in 1878 by a group of 32 monks from Mount Melleray Abbey, County Waterford, a number of years earlier Arthur John Moore MP of County Tipperary visited Mt Melleray petitioning for it. The church was opened for worship in 1883, on 600 acres in Mount Heaton, Roscrea, and a Boarding school - Cistercian College, Roscrea - was founded in 1905. The first superior was Dom Athanasius O'Donovan (born Daniel O'Donovan).

Mount St. Joseph contains several stained glass windows created by Harry Clarke or his studios. Three windows in the infirmary, three later windows in the chapel of the college and a 1960s window dedicated to St. Patrick for the abbey church.

Three foundations have been made from Mount Saint Joseph - Nunraw (Scotland)  in 1946, Tarrawarra (Australia) in 1954, and Bolton Abbey, Moone, (County Kildare) in 1964.

The Nationalist, Home Rule supporting MP the Catholic, Count Arthur John Moore who donated the six hundred-acre property, and buildings to the Cistercians, where the Abbey and College is, is buried in Mount St Josephs.

Abbots

Dom Athanasius Donovan (Prior)
Dom Camillus Beardwood (1887)
Dom Justin McCarthy (1911)
Dom Camillus Claffey (1944)
Dom Eugene Boylan (1962)
Dom Colmcille O'Toole (1964-2000)
Dom Laurence Walsh (2000)
Dom Kevin Daly
Dom Richard Purcell (2009-2017) - became Abbot of Mount Melleray
Dom Malachy Thompson (Superior)

See also
Cistercian College, Roscrea
Trappists
Cistercians
List of monastic houses in County Offaly

References

External links
Mount St. Joseph Abbey - official website.
Cistercian College, Roscrea - official website.

Trappist monasteries in the Republic of Ireland
Cistercian monasteries in the Republic of Ireland
Religious organizations established in 1878
Religious buildings and structures in County Tipperary
1878 establishments in Ireland
1878 in Ireland
Siège social

Siège social (French, usually translated as "head office") is a concept in international law for determining the nationality of companies. It is essentially based on effective nationality, as opposed to “paper nationality”, where the company has been incorporated. However, the effective nationality requires a genuine link to the corporate activity and describes the nationality based on the location of the actual activity of the corporation by where the owners are or the actual business is done.

According to the criterion of siège social, siège réel or siege réel social, a company's nationality derives from “the place where the legal entity's judicial and economic integration is situated”. In other words, it is the company's principal place of establishment.

See also
 Seat (legal entity)

References 

International law
Boggle (disambiguation)

Boggle can refer to:

Boggle, a word game
Boggle (1997 video game), a video game based on the word game of the same name
Bogle, boggle or bogill, a Northumbrian and Scots term for a ghost or folkloric being
Boggart, a creature in English folklore
Boggle (game show), an interactive game show hosted by Wink Martindale that aired on The Family Channel in 1994

See also
 Biggle (disambiguation)
Piet Blom

Piet Blom (; February 8, 1934, Amsterdam – June 8, 1999, Denmark) was a Dutch architect best known for his 'Kubuswoningen' (cube houses) built in Helmond in the mid-1970s and in Rotterdam in the early 1980s. He studied at the Amsterdam Academy of Building-Arts as a student of Aldo van Eyck.

Blom was selected as the Dutch Prix de Rome recipient in 1962.

Blom, Aldo van Eyck, Herman Hertzberger and others are representatives of the Structuralism movement.

There is a museum dedicated to Blom's works that opened in May 2013 in Hengelo, Netherlands.

References

External links 
Piet Blom website
Cubic Houses website
Piet Blom Museum

1934 births
1999 deaths
Modernist architects
Structuralists
Architects from Amsterdam
Prix de Rome (Netherlands) winners
20th-century Dutch architects
Nova Zembla (record label)

Nova Zembla is a Belgian electronic music record label, daughter of Kk Records. It has worked with artists such as Black Lung, Xingu Hill, Shaolin Wooden Men, Little Nobody and Zen Paradox, as well as with the former Melbourne label IF? Records, now based in Tokyo.

See also
 List of record labels

External links 
 Nova Zembla at Discogs
 IF? website

Belgian record labels
Electronic music record labels
Industrial record labels
Jonatan Johansson (snowboarder)

Jonatan Johansson (7 March 1980, Sollentuna, Stockholm County – 12 March 2006, Lake Placid, New York) was a Swedish Olympic snowboarder.

Johansson died following a failed jump landing during training for the International Ski Federation World Cup competition.

In 2000 he began competing at the World Cup level and was ranked 45th in the world. In 2005, he was the Swedish champion and won first prize in the Finnish National Championship. He was twelfth in the final rankings for Snowboard Cross at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy.

He died in a snowboarding accident at Whiteface Mountain in Lake Placid, New York, five days after his 26th birthday. It was the last run he had planned for the day. The snow had become faster and previous snowboarders had jumped very far. Allegedly, Johansson lost his balance before jumping; however, he did not abort the jump. In midair, he lost his balance and fell, breaking his femur and ribs. His ripped aorta and punctured lung and heart proved fatal.

References

External links
FIS Profile 

1980 births
2006 deaths
People from Sollentuna Municipality
Swedish male snowboarders
Skiing deaths
Olympic snowboarders for Sweden
Snowboarders at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Sports deaths in New York (state)
Sportspeople from Stockholm County