alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Akhter Husain

Akhter Husain (Urdu: ), HPk, OBE, (1 August 1902 – 15 July 1983) was a senior statesman and civil servant of Pakistan. He was appointed Governor of West Pakistan in September 1957 succeeding Mushtaq Ahmed Gurmani and then continued in this office during the regime of General Muhammad Ayub Khan until April 1960.

Early life

Akhter Husain was born on 1 August 1902 at Burhanpur (Central Province India) and received his early education from Hakimia High School, Burhanpur before proceeding to MAO College at Aligarh (which later became Aligarh Muslim University), graduating later from Allahbad University. He was selected for the Indian Civil Service in 1924 and completed his education and training at St. John's College, Cambridge, England. Upon return from England, he was posted to serve in the province of Punjab in 1926. He served in various administrative positions in different districts of the province, before being appointed as Under Secretary in the Government of India in 1930. He returned to Provincial administration in 1936. Akhter  Husain received a British government award of Order of the British Empire (OBE) on 1 January 1944 for his groundbreaking work of settlement in the district of Gurgaon in Punjab in 1943. He was appointed Chief Secretary in the undivided Punjab in 1946, a position he occupied during the partition of British India.

Pakistan Government Service

He continued to serve as the Chief Secretary of West Punjab in the newly formed Dominion of Pakistan in 1947.

Governor

Akhter Husain was appointed Governor on 28 August 1957 and remained in this position following the imposition of Martial law in Oct 1958. In the same year he was appointed Chairman of the Land Reforms Commission and provincial administration committee. In 1958, he was awarded the highest civil award of Hilal-i-Pakistan. He was responsible for raising money for the construction of the Pakistan Day Memorial Monument (now known as Minar-e-Pakistan) and laid its foundation stone in the then Minto Park Lahore on 23 March 1960.

Later years

In 1960 after his governorship, he was appointed as minister in the Presidential cabinet successively holding the portfolios of Information and Broadcasting and then Education and Kashmir Affairs. In order to hold these quasi-political positions, he retired from the Civil Service. He was also the recipient of the honorary degree of Doctor of Law from the University of the Punjab.
He was subsequently appointed Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan and served in that position between 1962 and 1964. He also held the office of President of Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu (The organisation for the promotion and development of the Urdu language) from 1962 to 1983 and was Chairman of Pakistan Burmah Shell from 1968 until his death in 1983.

References

1902 births
1983 deaths
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Governors of West Pakistan
Pakistani civil servants
Defence Secretaries of Pakistan
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
People from Burhanpur
Muhajir people
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Finale (album)

Finale is the second live double album (and eighth overall release) by singer-songwriter duo Loggins and Messina, released in early 1977. Tracks on the album are from performances while touring in 1975 and 1976.

The duo had parted by the time this album was released, and it was considered by some purely as a profit-taking move intended to see what money could be made before the pair faded from the public mind and in that light it can be considered a Columbia 'corporate' release, rather than one intended by artists Kenny Loggins or Jim Messina.

This was the last album by Kenny Loggins shortly before his first solo album, Celebrate Me Home, was released April 1977.

Track listing

Disc one

Side One
"Introduction" – 1:42
"Travelin' Blues" (Jim Messina) – 3:07
"Medley:" – 6:34
Danny's Song (Kenny Loggins)
A Love Song (Loggins, Donna Lyn George)
House at Pooh Corner (Loggins)
Thinking of You (Messina)
"Keep Me in Mind" (Messina) – 4:04
"Pretty Princess" (Messina, Murray MacLeod) – 6:40

Side Two
"Brighter Days" (Loggins, Donna Lyn George) – 3:39
"Be Free" (Messina) – 7:06
"Peacemaker" (Loggins, John Townsend, Ed Sanford) – 5:00
"Growin'" (Loggins, Ronnie Wilkins) – 2:43

Disc two

Side Three
"Motel Cowboy" (Loggins, Messina) – 2:57
"Country Medley:" – 7:26
Listen to a Country Song (Messina, Al Garth)
Oh Lonesome Me (Don Gibson)
I'm Movin' On (Hank Snow)
Listen to a Country Song (Reprise)"
"Oklahoma, Home of Mine" (Loggins, Messina) – 3:16
"Changes" (Messina) – 4:29

Side Four
"You Need a Man" (Messina) – 9:20
"Lately My Love" (Messina) – 3:37
"Rock & Roll Medley:" – 5:42
My Music (Loggins, Messina)
Splish Splash (Bobby Darin, Jean Murray)
Boogie Man (Messina)

Personnel
Kenny Loggins – vocals, rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, harmonica
Jim Messina – vocals, lead guitar, acoustic guitar, mandolin
Merel Bregante – drums
Jon Clarke – saxophone, flute, oboe
Vince Denham – saxophone
Steve Forman – percussion
Richard Greene – violin
George Hawkins – bass guitar and backing vocals on "Pretty Princess"
Jack Lenz – flute, keyboards
Doug Livingston – keyboards on "Pretty Princess"
Willy Ornelas – drums on "Pretty Princess"
Woody Paul – rhythm guitar on "Pretty Princess"
Don Roberts – saxophone
Larry Sims – bass guitar, vocals

Charts
Album – Billboard (United States)

References

Loggins and Messina albums
1977 live albums
Albums produced by Jim Messina (musician)
Columbia Records live albums
John F. Welch Technology Centre

The John F. Welch Technology Centre (JFWTC) is the formal name of the GE Global Research and technology development site located in Whitefield, Bangalore. The JFWTC is General Electric's (GE) first and largest integrated, multidisciplinary research and development center outside the US. The center is also known as Bangalore Engineering Center or BEC. The team has more than 5,000 engineers and scientists working at the JFWTC Bangalore. It was founded by former CEO of GE John F. Welch on 17 September 2000.

Alok Nanda is the current Managing Director of JFWTC.

References

External links
Web Site of John F. Welch Technology Centre 

General Electric
Research and development organizations
Karur Vysya Bank

Karur Vysya Bank is a Scheduled Commercial Bank, headquartered in Karur in Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded in 1916 by M. A. Venkatarama Chettiar and Athi Krishna Chettiar. The bank primarily operates in the treasury, corporate/wholesale banking, and retail banking segments.

KVB provides services such as personal, corporate, and agricultural banking and services to NRIs and SMBs. The bank had approximately 800 branches and 1,650 ATMs as of 31 March 2020. KVB has recorded a Total 
Business of  with deposits of  and advances of .

History 

The Karur Vysya Bank Limited, popularly known as KVB, was set up on 25 July 1916 by M. A. Venkatarama Chettiar and Athi Krishna Chettiar to capitalise on the previously unexploited market of traders and agriculturists in and around Karur, a town in Tamil Nadu. The bank later expanded out of Karur in search of additional business opportunities and established a presence across India.

The bank celebrated its centenary on 10 September 2016 at Chennai with the then-President of India Shri. Pranab Mukherjee as the guest of honor.

See also

 Banking in India
 List of banks in India
 Reserve Bank of India
 Indian Financial System Code
 List of largest banks
 List of companies of India
 Make in India

References

External links

 The official site of The Karur Vysya Bank Limited

Private sector banks in India
Banks established in 1916
Companies based in Karur
Companies based in Tamil Nadu
Indian companies established in 1916
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange
Daniel Cere

Daniel Mark Cere is a professor of Religious Studies at McGill University and researcher on religion, law, and ethics. In 2015 he was appointed Interim-Dean of the Faculty of Religious Studies of McGill University. He also serves as the director of the Institute for the Study of Marriage Law and Culture and Vice President of the Newman Institute of Catholic Studies.  He served as director of Montreal's Newman Centre from 2000-2006.   Cere has been a consultant for government and religious institutions on issues of religious freedom, reasonable accommodation, and family law in both Canada and the United States.  

Cere founded the journal Newman Rambler in 1996 and the Newman Institute of Catholic Studies (incorporated in 2000). In 1998, together with his wife, Jackie Cere (née Darwent), he launched the Dominus Vobiscum marriage and family retreat centre. 

In 2018, the Archdiocese of Montreal awarded the Ceres with the Bishop Crowley Memorial award for their 20 years of service at the Dominus Vobiscum retreat centre.

Publications
The Experts' Story of Courtship (1999)
The Future of Family Law (2005)
Divorcing Marriage (2004)
Toward a Gospel witness: Confronting child abuse (2010)

External links
McGill University's Faculty of Religious Studies
Newman Institute of Catholic Studies
Institute for the Study of Marriage Law and Culture
Institute for American Values
The Newman Rambler
Dominus Vobiscum: Marriage & Family Retreat Centre

Living people
Canadian political scientists
Academic staff of McGill University
Year of birth missing (living people)
Chief Herald of Canada

The Chief Herald of Canada is the head of the Canadian Heraldic Authority, directing the operations of the CHA and making the grants of arms. There are exceptions to this, such as certain grants made directly by the governor general. The position has been held by Samy Khalid since 20 May 2020.

The chief herald is also tasked with publicly reading the royal proclamation of the accession of a new monarch of Canada.

Holders of the office
1988–2007: Robert Watt
2007–2020: Claire Boudreau
2020–present: Samy Khalid

See also
Royal Heraldry Society of Canada

References

External links
Canadian Heraldic Authority

 
Offices of arms
Canadian Heraldic Authority
Legan chess

Legan chess (or Legan's game) is a chess variant invented by L. Legan in 1913. It differs from standard chess by the starting position as well as by pawn movements.

Rules
The starting setup is illustrated. The game can be also played with the board rotated by 45° clockwise to make pawn movements easier to understand.  There is no castling and no en passant. Otherwise, the rules of chess apply.

Pawn movement

Pawns move one square diagonally forward: White from right to left; Black left to right. They capture orthogonally in direction of movements (see diagram). The white pawn on f3 can move to e4 and capture on e3 and f4. The black pawn on b6 can move to c5 and capture on b5 and c6.

Pawn promotion

Pawns promote on squares occupied in the initial position by the opponent's king, bishops, knights, and rooks. For example, white pawns promote on squares a5–a8–d8 (marked with white dots); black pawns on e1–h1–h4 (marked with black dots).  Note that the pawns that start on d1, h5, a4 and e8 cannot promote without moving toward the center of the board via capturing.

References

Bibliography

Chess variants
1913 in chess
Board games introduced in 1913
Surf Life Saving Club

Surf Life Saving Clubs (or SLSCs) are volunteer institutions at Australia's beaches. The clubs conduct surf lifesaving services on weekends and public holidays, and in the 2014-2015 season they saved 12,690 people. They also host many beach sport activities, such as Nippers, surf carnivals and other competitions. The SLSCs are responsible for the education of Lifesavers including operation of Inflatable Rescue Boats (IRBs) and maintaining radio communication with other beaches and air rescue resources.

See also
Surf Life Saving Australia
List of Australian surf lifesaving clubs
Surf Life Saving New Zealand

References

External links
 Surf Life Saving Australia
 Surf Life Saving New Zealand
Surf lifesaving
Boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Middleweight

The middleweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 14 to 28 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 69 and 75 kilograms.

Competition format
Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. This event consisted of 28 boxers who have qualified for the competition through various tournaments held in 2003 and 2004. The competition began with a preliminary round on 14 August, where the number of competitors was reduced to 16, and concluded with the final on 28 August. As there were fewer than 32 boxers in the competition, a number of boxers received a bye through the preliminary round. Both semi-final losers were awarded bronze medals.

All bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.

Schedule 
All times are Greece Standard Time (UTC+2)

Qualifying athletes

Results

References

External links
 Official Olympic Report

Middleweight
Miss Asia

Miss Asia may refer to:

Miss Asia Pageant, organized by the Asia Television Limited in Hong Kong
Miss Universe, an annual international beauty pageant
Miss World, the oldest running international beauty pageant
Miss International, a Tokyo-based international beauty pageant

See also
Miss Asia Pacific International, a 1968–2020 beauty pageant in the Philippines
Miss Asia Pacific World, a beauty pageant in South Korea established in 2011
Stödtlen

Stödtlen is a municipality in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the Ostalbkreis district. It has about 2000 inhabitants.

Mayors
1898–1927      Benedikt Staiger (father)
1927–1974      Benedikt Staiger (son)
1974–1998      Albert Munz
since 1998      Ralf Leinberger

References

External links
  

Ostalbkreis
Württemberg
Striped tit-babbler

The striped tit-babbler has been split into 2 species:

 Pin-striped tit-babbler (Macronus gularis), also known as yellow-breasted babbler
 Bold-striped tit-babbler (Macronus bornensis)

Birds by common name
Black Beat

Black Beat (블랙 비트) was a South Korean boy band formed by SM Entertainment. The five-member group released an album Volume 1 - Black Beat #2002 in 2002. They have not promoted as a group since SM Town 2006. Several members are active as choreographers and vocal trainers for other SM Entertainment artists. In 2007, lead vocalist Jang Jin-young teamed up with Kim Sung-pil to form the R&B duo, ByJinSung.

Black Beat was originally planned to be formed as a seven-member group before they debuted in 2000. They debuted as a five-member group during Lee Ji-hun's Dream Concert 2000 as back-up vocalists and dancers. Before 2002, Black Beat members performed as rappers and dancers for other artists. They have all performed as dancers for S.E.S.' "Dreams Come True" performances.

Performing with other artists
After joining SM Entertainment, Black Beat has appeared in many music videos and performances for other artists, mainly S.E.S. Other artists include BoA, H.O.T., Shinhwa, Fly to the Sky, Shinvi, Dana, and Lee Ji-hun as dancers, backup vocals, choreographers, and rappers. A video clip of member Jae-won dancing with Hyoyeon, a member of girl group Girls' Generation, has also garnered a lot of attention. .

Former members
 Lee So-min (이소민)
 Hwang Sang-hoon (황상훈)
 Jung Ji-hoon (정지훈)
 Shim Jae-won (심재원)
 Jang Jin-young (장진영)

Appearances in music videos
All five members (dancers)
Shinhwa's "All Your Dreams"
Yoo Hyun-jae, Jung Ji Hun, Hwang Sang Hun, and Shim Jae-won (dancers)
BoA's "ID Peace B"
BoA's "Sara"
Yoo Hyun-jae (dancer) and Shim Jae-won (rapper)
S.E.S.' "Twilight Zone"
Yoo Hyun-jae (dancer)
S.E.S.' "I love you"
Shim Jae-won (as a thief; dancer)
H.O.T.'s "We Are the Future"
TVXQ's "Why (Keep Your Head Down)"
TVXQ's "I Don't Know"
TVXQ's "Superstar"
BoA's "Only One"
Jang Jin-young (as the younger Jun Jin)
Shinhwa's "Wedding March"
Shinhwa's "All Your Dream" (Both Original & 2018 Remake Alongside M.I.L.K Bomi)

Discography
 Volume 1 - Black Beat #2002 - The First Performance #001 (November 3, 2002)
 Intro (Can't You Feel)
 The Fan
 날개 (Wing)
 Lover
 In The Sky
 Black Beat
 Dangerous
 회상
 Y (Tell Me Why)
 헤어지기전
 Shine
 Night Fever
 친구 (Friend)
 In The Sky (Radio Edited) (Bonus Track

Joint discography
Summer Vacation in SMTown.com June 10, 2002
2002 Winter Vacation in SMTown.com - My Angel My Light December 6, 2002
2003 Summer Vacation in SMTown.com June 18, 2003
2004 Summer Vacation in SMTown.com July 2, 2004
2006 Summer SMTown June 20, 2006
2006 Winter SMTown - Snow Dream December 12, 2006

Awards

References

External links 
 Black Beat Official Site 
 SM Entertainment's Official Site 
 Black Beat on empas people 

K-pop music groups
Musical groups disestablished in 2007
Musical groups established in 2002
South Korean boy bands
SM Town
SM Entertainment artists
2002 establishments in South Korea
Musical groups from Seoul
MAMA Award winners
Demilich (band)

Demilich is a Finnish death metal band, which formed in the early 1990s and consists of frontman Antti Boman, guitarist Aki Hytönen, bassist Ville Koistinen, and drummer Mikko Virnes. Their debut album, Nespithe (1993), features intricate death metal riffs with unusually low, guttural vocals in the vocal fry register. The album contains long, complicated song titles and unconventional lyrics which were written in code in the booklet. 

Nespithe was featured in  Terrorizer's Secret History of Death Metal, in their list of "The 40 Albums You Must Hear"; they commented: "Even trying to scream your lungs out whilst vomiting a mix of haggis, outdated goat's cheese and kebab won't do. Tested extensively by Terrorizer's scientific team, we can now safely say that no normal human is capable of reproducing the effect-free vocal madness displayed by Antti Boman on these Finns' sole, totally unique, album."

Demilich played what was believed to be their last show on 22 July 2006 but performed many other shows since then, including appearances at Jalometalli Metal Music Festival and Maryland Death Fest.

History

Demilich was founded in 1990 by guitarist/vocalist Antti Boman and drummer Mikko Virnes, creating a unique avant-garde sound of technical death metal in A standard tuning, with extremely low-register vocals. Demilich recorded four demo tapes (some containing re-used material from previous demos) before creating their debut, Nespithe, in 1993. The band split up shortly after the release of the album due to complications with their record label and the album's profits. Demilich remained inactive until 2005 when they reformed and began playing live shows, as well as writing new material. This material would not be released to the public until 2014. Demilich played what was to be their last show in 2006, yet performed one-off shows in the following years. 

The compilation release 20th Adversary of Emptiness contains everything Demilich have ever recorded, starting from Regurgitation of Blood demo (1991) and rounding things off with three songs the band recorded during their brief comeback in 2006. The only Demilich full-length album Nespithe has been reissued several times over the years in various guises, but always using the inferior 16-bit CD masters and sometimes brickwalled beyond recognition. For this release the band dug up the original unmastered 24 bit studio tapes for Nespithe and best possible sources for the demo material, and then had Sami Jämsén of Studio Perkele thoroughly master these original unmastered mixes.

Discography

Studio albums
 Nespithe (1993)

Demos
 Regurgitation of Blood (1991)
 The Four Instructive Tales... of Decomposition (1991)
 ...Somewhere Inside the Bowels of Endlessness... (1992)
 The Echo (1992)

Compilation albums
 20th Adversary of Emptiness (2014)
 Em9t2ness of Van2s1ing / V34ish6ng 0f Emptiness (2018)

References

External links

 Current official website
 Previous website
[ Demilich] and [ Nespithe] at Allmusic

Musical groups established in 1990
Musical groups disestablished in 1993
Finnish technical death metal musical groups
Finnish death metal musical groups
Scottish Place-Name Society

The Scottish Place-Name Society (Comann Ainmean-Áite na h-Alba in Gaelic) is a learned society in Scotland concerned with toponymy, the study of place-names. Its scholars aim to explain the origin and history of the place-names they study, taking into account the meaning of the elements out of which they were created; the topography, geology and ecology of the places bearing the names; and the general and local history and culture of Scotland.

The Society was founded in February 1996. The Society's journal, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies (JSNS), has been published since 2007.

See also
Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba
International Council for Onomastic Studies
English Place-Name Society
Ulster Place-Name Society
Society for Name Studies in Britain and Ireland
Scottish Society for Northern Studies

Further reading
 Watson, W.J., History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Reprinted,  with introduction, full bibliography and corrigenda by Simon Taylor. Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2004.
 Nicolaisen, W.F.H., Scottish Place-Names. Edinburgh: Edinburgh U.P., 2001.

External links
Official website
Publisher's website for the JSNS

1996 establishments in Scotland
Archaeological organizations
Archaeology of Scotland
Learned societies of Scotland
 
Organizations established in 1996
Scottish studies
Indiavision

Indiavision was a Defunct Indian Malayalam language pay television news channel owned by Indiavision Satellite Communications Ltd, based at Kochi, Kerala, India. "There will be a relaunch of this channel in future" said by Dr MK Muneer.

It is the first 24 hour news channel in Kerala. Veena George, Health minister of Kerala in Second Vijayan ministry was a former journalist in this channel.

History
Indiavision was launched on 14 July 2003. The network launched a second channel, YES Indiavision (Youth, Entertainment & Sports) on 14 February 2007.

Notable events and controversies 
In 2004, it came into spotlight through live revelations of Rejina about Ice cream parlour sex scandal accusing P. K. Kunhalikutty and ensuing attacks on journalists by Indian Union Muslim League workers in Kozhikode.

Once Rejina turned hostile and changed her revelation, the enterprising media channel faced lot of financial backlash following constricted fund flow. 

In March 2014, the Kerala Police registered a case against Indiavision and some other media organisations for the allegations raised against Mata Amritanandamayi and giving publicity to allegations levelled by Gail Tredwell.

Financial crisis and closure 
In 2010, main journalist in the channel M. V. Nikesh Kumar left the channel. The company was in the news twice in 2014 when its editorial team went on strike over non-payment of salaries. Tax sleuths conducted a raid at the channel's main office in Kochi and its director, Jamaludeen Farooqi, was arrested on 4 March 2015. According to reports, the channel hadn't paid service tax to the tune of almost ₹9 crore.

Due to internal problems, it stopped broadcasting on 31 March 2015 by a journalist annoouncing it on air as a sign of protest to the management.

Programming
News
Politrics
Varanthyam (presented by Adv. A. Jayashankar)
24 Frames (International movie reviews presented by Andur Sahadevan)
Kaleidoscope
Box Office
Gallery
Raag Rang
Special Correspondent
World This Week
Debate the Week
Colour Pencil
Yugatharam
Crime Patrol
Mukhamukham – Face to Face

References

External links 
 
 Indiavision (YouTube)

Malayalam-language television channels
Television channels and stations established in 2003
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2015
Television stations in Kochi
Defunct television channels in India
2003 establishments in Kerala
2015 disestablishments in India
Dominik Perler

Dominik Perler (born 17 March 1965) is a Swiss philosopher.
He was born in Freiburg im Üechtland (Fr. Fribourg)

Perler studied philosophy at the University of Fribourg, University of Bern and University of Göttingen.  After finishing his PhD thesis at the University of Fribourg in 1991, Perler was a visiting scholar at Cornell University and at UCLA. After he was granted Habilitation in 1995 at the University of Göttingen, he became professor at the University of Basel in 1997. In 2003 Perler took up a professorship in theoretical philosophy at the Humboldt University of Berlin.

In 2006, Perler received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the highest honour awarded in German research.

References
 Profile at Deutschen Forschungsgesellschaft (in German)

1965 births
Living people
Swiss philosophers
University of Göttingen alumni
University of Bern alumni
University of Fribourg alumni
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Cornell University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Basel
Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
People from Fribourg
Maximum intensity projection

In scientific visualization, a maximum intensity projection (MIP) is a method for 3D data that projects in the visualization plane the voxels with maximum intensity that fall in the way of parallel rays traced from the viewpoint to the plane of projection.  This implies that two MIP renderings from opposite viewpoints are symmetrical images if they are rendered using orthographic projection.

MIP is used for the detection of lung nodules in lung cancer screening programs which use computed tomography scans. MIP enhances the 3D nature of these nodules, making them stand out from pulmonary bronchi and vasculature. MIP imaging is also used routinely by physicians in interpreting Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Magnetic Resonance Angiography  studies.

Additional techniques

This technique is computationally fast, but the 2D results do not provide a good sense of depth of the original data.  To improve the sense of 3D, animations are usually rendered of several MIP frames in which the viewpoint is slightly changed from one to the other, thus creating the illusion of rotation. This helps the viewer's perception to find the relative 3D positions of the object components. However, since the projection is orthographic the viewer cannot distinguish between left or right, front or back and even if the object is rotating clockwise or anti-clockwise. Use of depth weighting during production of rotating cines of MIP images can avoid the problem of difficulty of distinguishing right from left, and clockwise vs anti-clockwise rotation.

An easy improvement to MIP is Local maximum intensity projection. In this technique we don't take the global maximum value, but the first maximum value that is above a certain threshold. Because - in general - we can terminate the ray earlier this technique is faster and also gives somehow better results as it approximates occlusion.

History
MIP imaging was invented for use in Nuclear Medicine by Jerold Wallis, MD, in 1988 at Washington University in St. Louis, and subsequently published in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.  In the setting of Nuclear Medicine, it was originally called MAP (Maximum Activity Projection).

See also
Minimum intensity projection

References

Object visualization
Asteridea

Asteridea may refer to:

 Sea star
 Asteridea (plant), a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae
Ferdi Schüth

Ferdi Schüth (Ferdi Schueth) is a German chemist.
He was born 8 July 1960 in Allagen/Warstein.

He studied chemistry at the University of Münster from 1978 till 1984 and law from 1983 till 1988. After finishing his Ph.D. thesis on inorganic chemistry at the University of Münster in 1988 he did a postdoctoral studies in the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. He did his habilitation in 1995 at the University of Mainz. After being professor for inorganic chemistry at the University of Frankfurt am Main from 1995 till 1998 he became director at the Max Planck Institute für Kohlenforschung Mülheim/Ruhr.

In 2003, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 
which is the highest honour awarded in German research.

In July 2007, he was elected Vice-President of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation).

References
 Portrait at the Deutschen Forschungsgesellschaft

1960 births
Living people
People from Warstein
21st-century German chemists
University of Münster alumni
University of Minnesota alumni
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz alumni
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
Max Planck Institute directors
Humanist Internet Discussion Group

The Humanist discussion group may refer to:

Humanist (electronic seminar), a long-running (since 1987) e-mail discussion group on humanities computing
a discussion list (since 2003) run by the Council of Australian Humanist Societies
Shinvi

Shinvi () was a South Korean girl group formed by Cid.K Entertainment, a subsidiary of SM Entertainment. The group is composed of Yoo Soo-jin, Oh Sang-eun and Yoo-na. The group only released debut album 15 to 30 in April 2002 and the members separated one year later to led the group disbanded.

History
Shinvi was promoted by SM Entertainment but was actually under a subsidiary of the company, similarly to their labelmate group Milk. Their first album was scheduled to be released in late 2001, but instead came out in April 2002. Shinhwa member Jun Jin appeared in the music video of their title song, "To My Friend". A poll was conducted on Shinvi's website to determine what the group's follow up release would be. "Darling" was voted as the next song for the group to promote, and it was also used in the online game Shining Lore. Shinvi released another solo song on the SM Entertainment compilation album Summer Vacation in SMTOWN.com, entitled "Summer in Love". The last album that the group participated in was 2002 Winter Vacation in SMTOWN.com. Though Yuna appeared in the music video for "My Angel My Light", only Soo Jin and Sang Eun were featured on the album's jacket. Since this last release there have been no updates on the status of the group, and Shinvi is assumed to have disbanded.

Members
 Yoo Soo-jin () - leader, high vocal
 Oh Sang-eun () - lead vocal
 Yoo-na () - low vocal

Discography

Studio albums
 15 to 30, April 2002

Collaborations
 Summer Vacation In SMTown.com, June 2002
 2002 Winter Vacation in SMTOWN.com - My Angel My Light, December 2002

References

External links
 Shinvi at Billboard Korea
 Shinvi on empas people
 Shinvi on EPG
Shinvi on Hanple

K-pop music groups
South Korean girl groups
Musical groups established in 2002
Musical groups disestablished in 2002
SM Entertainment artists
2002 establishments in South Korea
2002 disestablishments in South Korea
Tony Alvarez (actor)

Tony Alvarez (19 December 1956 – 21 July 1997) was a Spanish Australian actor and singer. Born in Velez-Malaga, he was best known for his television roles in Australia and the US.

Television in Australia
He is probably best remembered for his ongoing role as Dr Tony Garcia in the long running Australian soap opera The Young Doctors. He appeared in the role from 1977 until 1979. His character was a love interest of characters Lisa Brooks (Paula Duncan) and Tania Livingston (Judy McBurney).

UK stage and music
After leaving The Young Doctors Alvarez starred on the stage in Evita and toured the UK with Ronnie Corbett in Cabaret. Alvarez was also a singer, and in the early 1980s he released a cover of Talking In My Sleep.
  
He had a brief guest role in television serial Prisoner in 1983 playing a man, also named Tony, revealed to be a vicious rapist. He followed this with a six-month stint as a fiery Spanish servant in drama series Carson's Law in 1984.

US television roles
After Carson's Law, Alvarez worked in the US on the series General Hospital and The Bold and the Beautiful.

During Alvarez' career, he worked alongside Antonio Banderas and subsequently discovered they were born in the same town.

Death
Alvarez was diagnosed with an AIDS related cancer and died in Sydney at age 40 not far from the Mitchell Street studios where he first shot to fame in The Young Doctors.

References

1956 births
1997 deaths
Australian people of Spanish descent
Australian male television actors
20th-century Australian male actors
Tunis Lake

Tunis Lake is a private small reservoir located south-southeast of the hamlet of Bovina Center in Delaware County, New York. Tunis Lake drains southwest via an unnamed creek which flows into Silver Lake. The lake is great for paddleboarding. The lake is not open to the public or through traffic. The speed limit is 15 MPH. Wildlife sightings include bald eagles, snapper turtles, deer, beavers, egret, ducks, geese, groundhogs, rabbits, porcupines, owls, eagles, bears, coyotes, and a few species of fish in the lake itself.

See also
 List of lakes in New York

References 

Lakes of New York (state)
Lakes of Delaware County, New York
Reservoirs in Delaware County, New York
Cresta

Cresta may refer to:

 Cresta, Gauteng, a suburb in South Africa
 CRESTA, Catastrophe Risk Evaluating and Standardizing Target Accumulations
 Cresta Awards, international advertising awards
 Cresta (soft drink)
 Vauxhall Cresta, an automobile model
 Toyota Cresta, an automobile model

See also
 Cresta Blanca Winery, a winery in Livermore Valley 
 Cresta Run, a sled run or track in St. Moritz, Switzerland
 Crest (disambiguation)
 Cresto (disambiguation)
Nerl

Nerl or NERL may refer to:

 Nerl (urban-type settlement), a settlement in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia
 Nerl (Klyazma), a river in the Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, and Vladimir Oblasts, tributary of the Klyazma
 Nerl (Volga), a river in the Yaroslavl and Tver Oblasts, tributary of the Volga
 National Equal Rights League, oldest American organization dedicated to black liberation
 National Exposure Research Laboratory, a division of the United States Environmental Protection Agency
 Newark-Elizabeth Rail Link, a light rail line proposed in the American state of New Jersey
 NorthEast Research Libraries Consortium, see Center for Research Libraries
Kavim

Kavim () is an Israeli bus company based in Holon. It was founded in 2000 and provided lines in the eastern Gush Dan region - the towns/cities Kiryat Ono, Petah Tikva, Or Yehuda, Givatayim and others. In February 2005, Kavim expanded to the north, where it started providing bus lines in Afula, Bet She'an and the Nazareth area. In 2006, more routes are planned in Petah Tikva and Rosh HaAyin. Many of Kavim's current routes were transferred from the Dan Bus Company. In 2011, the bus company Illit was merged with Kavim. In 2012, Kavim won the tender for the Heshmonaim cluster which includes the cities Ramla, Lod and Modi'in, and the tender for cluster of regional bus routes in the Netanya Hadera area. Kavim started the operate the routes in both clusters in 2013. In 2015, Kavim's bus routes in Afula were transferred to Superbus bus company. In 2017 Kavim won the tender of the Valley of Elah and Beitar Illit cluster that contains routes that Kavim currently operates and few routes of Superbus in the Beit Shemesh area.

Kavim has a fleet of 300 vehicles and a workforce of 450. Kavim's current chief executive officer is Zion Pat.

Ridership by sector
In 2017, each sector had the following annual ridership:

Controversies

Kavim's service has often been criticized, especially in Petah Tikva. In April 2008, Avi Blustein, a member of the city council, proposed to create a committee which would inspect Kavim's operations within the city. Kavim responded that Blustein was 'hurting its good reputation out of political considerations'.

In 2008, a Kavim driver was arrested for dealing drugs on his bus routes. Kavim stated in response that this did not reflect the company or its drivers.

On October 6, 2010, 30 buses belonging to Kavim in Afula were taken out of service following a raid by the police, due to severe safety violations, ranging from broken seats to worn out tires.

Criticism

Involvement in Israeli settlements

On 12 February 2020, the United Nations published a database of companies doing business related in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, as well as in the occupied Golan Heights. Kavim was listed on the database on account of its activities in Israeli settlements in these occupied territories, which are considered illegal under international law.

References

External links
 Official website (bus routes) 

Bus companies of Israel
Tonfön Television

Tonfön Television is a Tongan pay TV service commencing in 2002, offering seven 24-hour channels of movies, news, sport and entertainment. Among the channels available are ABC Asia Pacific, BBC World, Fox News, in addition to four locally programmed channels, which include a sports channel, a family channel, a documentary/current affairs channel, and a movie channel.

Since November 2005, Tonfön TV has found itself facing stiff competition from a rival pay TV company, Sky Pacific, which offers more channels and a wider variety of programming to Tongan viewers.

External links
 Matangi Tonga article - Tongan television viewers' bonanza

Television stations in Tonga
Disodium aurothiomalate

Disodium aurothiomalate is a chemical compound with the formula AuSCH(CO2Na)CH2CO2Na.  In conjunction with its monoprotonated derivative, this coordination complex or closely related species are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, under the tradename Myochrysine.  The thiomalate is racemic in most formulation.

Structure 
Disodium aurothiomalate is a coordination polymer.  The salt CsNa2Au2T(TH) salt (T = thiomalate3−, TH = monoprotonated thiomalate2−) is related to disodium aurothiomalate but is easier to crystallise and characterise by X-ray crystallography.  The compound is polymeric with Au-S-Au-S... chains with succinoyl groups attached to the sulfur atoms.  The structure of the related drug Aurothioglucose is also polymeric with two-coordinate gold(I) centers.  In such compounds, the efficacy results from the compound in solution, the structures of such solution species are often poorly understood.  Medical texts sometimes suggest that free Au+ ions exist in this and related gold(I) compounds, but the Au-thiolate bonding is highly covalent and free gold ions do not exist in solution.  Whereas simple gold thiolates are lipophilic, the carboxylate substituents render disodium aurothiomalate soluble in water.

Disodium aurothiomalate contains no Au-C bonds, so it is not an organometallic compound in the formal sense.

Mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of disodium aurothimalate is unknown.

Side effects
Disodium aurothiomalate can cause photosensitive rashes, gastrointestinal disturbance, and kidney damage.

See also 
 Auranofin
 Aurothioglucose
 Gold salts
 Sodium aurothiomalate

References 

Gold(I) compounds
Immunosuppressants
Coordination polymers
Gold–sulfur compounds
Steve Kons

Steven Kons (born 17 September 1962) is an Australian politician. He was a Labor Party member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly  from 1998 until 2010, representing the electorate of Braddon. He served as Deputy Premier under Paul Lennon from 2006 to 2008, and also served as Attorney-General, Minister for Justice and Workplace Relations and Minister for Planning. He retired from state politics in 2010, and was elected Mayor of Burnie in 2011 and 2018. He previously served as Mayor of Burnie from 1997 to 1999.

Kons was born in Melbourne to Greek immigrants who worked in heavy manual employment to help educate him at Caulfield Grammar School.  After the family moved to operate a Devonport business, he graduated with a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Tasmania before returning to Melbourne to practice mainly in the corporate sector. Kons later returned to Tasmania and established a successful business career. From 1997 to 1999, he served as Mayor of Burnie.

He was invited to run for the Labor Party at the 1998 state election by then Labor leader Jim Bacon, and was elected second overall, topping the Labor slate. He was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Premier, promoted to Secretary to Cabinet, and then to Cabinet as Minister for Primary Industries and Water. He was again promoted to Attorney-General and Minister for Justice, Planning and Workplace Relations following the 2006 state election. On 27 October 2006, he was appointed Deputy Premier, replacing Bryan Green.

Kons resigned as Deputy Premier in April 2008 after admitting that he had made "inaccurate statements" to parliament regarding the appointment of a magistrate. He announced in July 2009 that he would retire at the 2010 election. He has since been an alderman of Burnie City Council, also serving as mayor in 2011-2014 and from 2018.

See also
 List of Caulfield Grammar School people

References

External links
Tasmanian parliamentary profile
Steve Kons's maiden speech to parliament

People educated at Caulfield Grammar School
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian people of Greek descent
Deputy Premiers of Tasmania
Living people
1962 births
Attorneys-General of Tasmania
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
21st-century Australian politicians
Unofficial Member

Unofficial Member is the name given to individuals who are members of the Executive Council of Hong Kong and Legislative Council of Hong Kong but who are not members of the Hong Kong Government. The terms "unofficial" (or "non-official") and "official" refer to whether the individual holds governmental office; both categories hold full membership of the councils.

Before the direct election of Legislative Council members in 1991, the Government reflected the views and opinions of Hong Kong society by appointing members of the business and social elites to the two councils. These members acted as a bridge between local residents and the Government. From 1960s to 1980, the "unofficial members of both councils, together formed the UMELCO Office which handled the complaints of Hong Kong residents.

These positions were appointments by the Governor of Hong Kong, to sit in the councils together with ex officio members. A Senior Unofficial Member would be appointed by the governor from among the unofficial members. Unofficial members might also be appointed to unelected or partially elected municipal and district councils, where there were ex officio members.

Currently the Executive Council of Hong Kong is still composed of ex officio members (official members since 1997) and unofficial members (non-official members since 1997). One of the non-official members is appointed by the Chief Executive (until 1997 the Governor) as the Convenor (until 1994 the senior unofficial member).

See also
List of Legislative Council of Hong Kong members 1843–1941
List of Legislative Council of Hong Kong unofficial members 1946–1985

References

Legislative Council of Hong Kong
Executive Council of Hong Kong
Politics of Hong Kong
General Piccio

General Piccio may refer to:

Pier Ruggero Piccio (1880–1965), Italian Air Force general
Vicente Piccio, Jr. (1927-2015), Philippine Air Force general
No. 3 Operational Training Unit RAAF

No. 3 Operational Training Unit (3OTU) was the Royal Australian Air Force's main seaplane training unit during World War II.

Formed by expanding the RAAF's Seaplane Training Flight in late 1942, 3OTU was located at RAAF Base Rathmines in New South Wales and was responsible for converting RAAF aircrew to aircraft such as the Catalina and Kingfisher. In addition, aircraft from 3OTU flew anti-submarine patrols off the coast of New South Wales.

3OTU was disbanded following the end of the war.

3
Military units and formations established in 1942
Military units and formations disestablished in 1946
1946 disestablishments in Australia
The Planets: A Modern Allegory

The Planets: A Modern Allegory is a radio play, written in verse, by Alfred Kreymborg.  The first performance was on 6 June 1938 by the National Broadcasting Company at the Hayden Planetarium in New York City, and was directed by Thomas L. Riley.  The play was originally set to the music of The Planets Suite by Gustav Holst; for the first performance the NBC Symphony Orchestra was conducted by H. Leopold Spitalny. The first broadcast was so enthusiastically received that it was repeated a few weeks later.

The play describes the early history of the twentieth century, including the onset of World War I, and the 'hysterical' 1920s, ending with a mix of dread and uncertainty about the future.  The book of the play is dedicated 'to peace'; it was published by Farrar & Rinehart, New York, in 1938.  The central figure of the play is the Astrologer, who encounters the various planets in turn, as the events of world history are alluded to in a somewhat prophetic tone.

Cast of the first performance

References
Kreymborg, Alfred: The Planets: A Modern Allegory, Farrar & Rinehart, New York, 1938.

External links
1938 in Broadcasting

1938 books
American radio dramas
Farrar & Rinehart books
Ministry of Economic Development (New Zealand)

The Ministry of Economic Development () was a New Zealand public sector organisation tasked with promoting development of New Zealand's economy. Known as the Ministry of Commerce until 2000, it was renamed in 2000 under the Fifth Labour Government, then replaced with the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment on 1 July 2012 by the subsequent National Government.

The Ministry dealt with policy in a wide range of different areas including energy, communications, the radio spectrum, industry and regional development, intellectual property, consumer issues, tourism, international trade, and the regulatory environment. 

At the time of its disestablishment, the Ministry supported eight ministerial portfolios: the Minister of Economic Development (Lead Minister for the Ministry of Economic Development), the Minister of Commerce, the Minister for Communications and Information Technology, the Minister of Consumer Affairs, the Minister of Energy and Resources, the Minister of Regulatory Reform, the Minister for Small Business, and the Minister of Tourism, and previously provide support for the disestablished positions of Minister for Industry and Regional Development and Minister responsible for the Government Superannuation Fund, and to the Minister of Broadcasting and the Minister for Sport, Fitness and Leisure before support for these positions was provided by the Ministry for Culture and Heritage.

See also
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Communications in New Zealand
Copyright law of New Zealand
Economy of New Zealand
Energy in New Zealand

References

External links
Economic Development Group, Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Business.govt.nz

Economic Development, Ministry of
New Zealand
2012 disestablishments in New Zealand
Rick Bryant

Donald Richard Bryant (1948 – 5 December 2019), generally known as Rick Bryant, was a New Zealand blues and rock singer/songwriter.

Bands include Rick Bryant and the Jive Bombers, The Jubilation Gospel Choir, and Windy City Strugglers. With over a fifty-year history in music other bands include Mammal and Bruno Lawrence's Blerta. 

He was convicted of possession  of cannabis, cannabis oil, ecstasy and cocaine, but appealed his sentence in 2011, blaming his 35-year history of cannabis use.

Bryant died in Auckland on 5 December 2019.

References

External links
 NZ Music Commissision entry
 Website
 

1948 births
2019 deaths
20th-century New Zealand male singers
New Zealand male singer-songwriters
New Zealand singer-songwriters
Musicians from Auckland
Academic staff of Victoria University of Wellington
Musicians from Wellington