alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Panama at the 1984 Summer Olympics

Panama competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The nation returned to the Olympic Games after participating in the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics. Eight competitors, seven men and one woman, took part in ten events in five sports.

Athletics

Florencio Aguilar
Alfonso Pitters

Fencing

One female fencer represented Panama in 1984.

Women's foil
 Barbra Higgins

Swimming

Men's 100m Breaststroke
Manuel Gutiérrez
 Heat — 1:06.07 (→ did not advance, 26th place)

Men's 200m Breaststroke
Manuel Gutiérrez
 Heat — 2:23.02
 B-Final — 2:23.13 (→ 16th place)

Men's 200m Individual Medley
Manuel Gutiérrez
 Heat — DSQ (→ did not advance, no ranking)

Weightlifting

José Díaz López
Tómas Rodríguez
Ricardo Salas

Wrestling

Saúl Leslie

References

External links
Official Olympic Reports

Nations at the 1984 Summer Olympics
1984
1984 in Panamanian sport
Steal This Record

Steal This Record is the fourth studio album by the Detroit, Michigan punk rock band the Suicide Machines, released in 2001 by Hollywood Records. It was the band's last album for the Hollywood label, as they moved to Side One Dummy Records the following year. It was also their last album with longtime bassist Royce Nunley, who left the group in 2002.

Background 
The song “Brass Ring” was originally meant for this album but got cut. It later appeared on The Least Worst of the Suicide Machines as one of the unreleased tracks and on the Japanese version of the album.

Track listing
All songs written by the Suicide Machines except where noted.

Personnel
 Jason Navarro – vocals
 Dan Lukacinsky – guitar, backing vocals
 Royce Nunley – bass, backing vocals
 Ryan Vandeberghe – drums
 Toby Morse (of the band H2O) – additional vocals on "It's The End Of The World As We Know It"

Technical
 Julian Raymond – producer
 Greg Goldman – engineer
 John Aguto – engineer
 Mark Valentine – assistant engineer
 Brian Humphrey – assistant engineer
 Chris Lord-Alge – mixing
 Brian Gardener – mastering
 Shannon Crawford – cover painting
 Enny Joo – design
 Terri Phillips – photography

References

The Suicide Machines albums
Hollywood Records albums
2001 albums
Albums produced by Julian Raymond
Glade (geography)

In the most general sense, a glade or clearing is an open area within a forest. Glades are often grassy meadows under the canopy of deciduous trees such as red alder or quaking aspen in western North America. They also represent openings in forests where local conditions such as avalanches, poor soils, or fire damage have created semipermanent clearings. They are very important to herbivorous animals, such as deer and elk, for forage and denning activities.

Sometimes the word is used in a looser sense, as in the treeless wetlands of the Everglades of Florida. In the central United States, calcareous glades occur with rocky, prairie-like habitats in areas of shallow soil.

Glades are characterized by unique plant and animal communities that are adapted to harsh and dry conditions.

See also
Treefall gap

References

External links
Ottawa/Rockcliffe Water Aerodrome

Ottawa/Rockcliffe Water Aerodrome  is located adjacent to Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is a small airport and few Ottawans know of its existence. The airport is the home of the Canada Aviation and Space Museum, which owns the field, and is used and maintained by the Rockcliffe Flying Club.

The airport land was originally a military rifle range. In 1918 the Royal Flying Corps began using the field behind the range for experimental mail flights, and the Ottawa/Rockcliffe Airport opened officially in 1920 as the Ottawa Air Station, one of the six original airfields opened across Canada by the new Air Board.

Since it is on the shore of the Ottawa River and the runways were connected to the riverfront by a road, it was one of very few airports capable of handling and transferring floatplanes on both land and water. It only services seaplanes and its runway, is the river. It is mainly used by the military, general aviation aircraft, and by hikers, tourists and people attempting to access remote locations that are only accessible by air.

See also
List of airports in the Ottawa area

References

Registered aerodromes in Ontario
Transport in Ottawa
Seaplane bases in Ontario
Clearing (geography)

The clearing of woods and forests is the process by which vegetation, such as trees and bushes, together with their roots are permanently removed. The main aim of this process is to clear areas of forest, woodland or scrub in order to use the soil for another purpose, such as pasture land, arable farming, human settlement or the construction of roads or railways.

Many of the world's most prominent forests have suffered significant levels of clearing in recent years, including the Amazon. In the 2 years following the presidential election of Jair Bolsonaro, clearing in eastern Brazil increased by 27%.

Indonesia has the highest rate of clearing and deforestation, with 15 million acres lost between 2000 and 2012. This was primarily due to the increase in demand for palm oil.

Description 
One definition of forest clearing is given in the Austrian federal law that governs the forestry industry which defines it as "the use of forest land for purposes other than forestry".

Sometimes a distinction is made between forest clearing or tree clearing, whereby the trees, including the stumps, are cleared, and stump or root clearing where the trees are first felled and the stumps removed subsequently.

Forest clearings may result in small, isolated, treeless areas or cleared corridors, for example along rivers or other linear features. Isolated clearings frequently occur in advance of more general and large-scale deforestation.

Many towns and villages in Central Europe emerged during historical "clearance periods" resulting in "clearing or clearance landscapes as a form of internal colonisation. An example of this is the settlement of people in the Central Uplands in so-called Waldhufendorf villages. The names of many towns and villages in Europe derives from their origin as clearance settlements, for example, names ending in -rode (Gernrode, Wernigerode) or -reuth (Bayreuth).

Unlike in other areas of the world, clearing in Europe has decreased in recent years. In the 25 years from 1990 to 2015, forested areas in Europe increased by 90,000 square kilometres (9 million hectares).

See also 
 History of the forest in Central Europe
Deforestation in Indonesia

References

Literature 
 Richard B. Hilf: Der Wald. Wald und Weidwerk in Geschichte und Gegenwart - Erster Teil [reprint]. Aula, Wiebelsheim, 2003, .
 Hans Hausrath: Geschichte des deutschen Waldbaus. Von seinen Anfängen bis 1850. Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Forstpolitik und Raumordnung der Universität Freiburg. Hochschulverlag, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1982, .
 Jens Lüning: Steinzeitliche Bauern in Deutschland. Die Landwirtschaft im Neolithikum, Habelt, Bonn, 2000, , Universitätsforschungen zur prähistorischen Archäologie; Vol. 58, pp. 49–52

Forest management
Environmental history
Donegal X-Press

The Donegal X-Press is a Celtic rock band formed in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1997.  In recent years, the band has incorporated a distinct country/roots rock sound into their brand of Irish music, although they have always been known for their eclectic mix of musical styles.

Band history

The Donegal X-Press was formed in early 1997 by Brad Dunnells (guitar, vocals) and Jason Tinney (harmonica, vocals), two Towson University theater students.  After drafting their friends Lyle Hein (bass, vocals) and Morgan Stanton (percussion, vocals), the group set out to play a one-off gig for a friend's St. Patrick's Day party.  They took their name from "Donegal Express," a song by Shane MacGowan and The Popes.  They received such an enthusiastic response at their first show that they decided to take their act to some local pubs, most notably Mick O'Shea's in downtown Baltimore.

After adding Skye Sadowski (fiddle) and Laura Hein (keyboards), the group released their first album, Whiskey Bars A-Go-Go, in 1999.

In 2000, they released their second album, Quinn's Diaries.  The album went on to receive numerous positive reviews, and was named Album of the Year by the Irish Voice, beating out the likes of Sinéad O'Connor and U2.  Additionally, the song "Omagh," which appeared on Quinn's Diaries, won First Prize at the Songs for Peace Concert in Cork, in March 2001.  Singer Brad Dunnells, who wrote the song, is the only American to ever win the award. Also in 2000, Jeff Malcom (bass, drums) joined the band. Jeff and Skye are married and have three children.

The band has continued to tour and release albums, the latest being Father O'Leary Memorial Boys Club in 2005.

Discography

Whiskey Bars A-Go-Go (1999)
Quinn's Diaries (2000)
Translations (2001)
Stand Alone (2003)
Father O'Leary Memorial Boys Club (2005)
Paid Off The Boom (2012)

External links
Donegal X-Press' official website.

1997 establishments in Maryland
Rock music groups from Maryland
Celtic music groups
Ethnic music in the United States
Irish-American culture in Baltimore
Phil Roman Entertainment

Phil Roman Entertainment is an independent animation studio, founded in 1999 by Film Roman founder Phil Roman.

Films and series 
 Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer
 El Americano: The Movie – Co-produced by Animex Producciones and Olmos Productions

References 

American animation studios
Entertainment companies established in 1999
Mass media companies established in 1999
Film Roman
1999 establishments in the United States
Chamar (mountain)

Chamar is the highest peak of the Sringi (or Serang) Himal, which is a subrange of the Nepalese Himalayas. Chamar and the entire Sringi Himal lie in Central Nepal, just south of the Tibetan border, between the Shyar Khola valley on the east and the Tom Khola–Trisuli Gandaki valley on the west. Chamar is about 90 km northwest of Kathmandu, and about 25 km east of Manaslu, the nearest eight-thousander.

Notable features
The Sringi Himal is small in land area and remote even by Himalayan standards; it has seen little visitation from outsiders.

Although low in elevation among the major mountains of Nepal, Chamar is exceptional in its steep rise above local terrain. For example, it rises 5500 m from the Tom Khola/Trisuli Gandaki confluence in a horizontal distance of about 13 km.

Climbing history
There is no record of attempts on this mountain prior to the successful first ascent in 1953. In May–June of that year, a party from the Tararua Tramping Club of Wellington, New Zealand climbed the peak via the Northeast Ridge route, placing five camps.Two Chamars named Anmol Khatri Chamar and Changleshwar Kumar almost reached near the peak before passing out.

The party climbed without oxygen. The first ascent of the peak was made by Maurice Bishop and Sherpa Namgyal on 5 June 1953. The following day Phil Gardner, Graham McCallum and Sherpa Nima also reached the summit.

The Himalayan Index lists three more unsuccessful attempts,  in 1983, 1994, and 2000, but no more ascents of the peak.

References

Sources
H. Adams Carter, "Classification of the Himalaya," American Alpine Journal 1985.
Jill Neate, High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7000 Metre Peaks, 
Himalayan Index
DEM files for the Himalaya (Corrected versions of SRTM data)

External links
A list of mountains ranked by local relief and steepness showing Chamar as the world #23.
Picture of Chamar

Mountains of the Gandaki Province
Nirupam Sen (diplomat)

Nirupam Sen (1947 — 2 July 2017) was from the 1969 batch of the Indian Foreign Service. His last posting prior to retirement was as Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations. After retirement, he was appointed as Special Senior Adviser to the President of the UN General Assembly.

Career

Sen presented his credentials as Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations on 17 September 2004. Prior to this appointment, Sen had been India's High Commissioner to Sri Lanka. He has previously headed Indian missions in Sofia and Oslo in Bulgaria and Norway. His predecessor as Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations was Vijay K. Nambiar his successor is Hardeep Puri.

Death 
Sen died in AMRI Hospitals, Kolkata on 24 December 2018 at the age of 71.

References

External links
The United Nations list of current heads of missions. (PDF)
Nirupam Sen made Special U.N. Adviser
The Deccan Herald

2017 deaths
1947 births
Indian officials of the United Nations
Permanent Representatives of India to the United Nations
People from Kolkata
Academic staff of the National Defence College, India
Lanai (disambiguation)

Lana`i is a Hawaiian island.

Lanai may also refer to:
 Lanai (architecture), a type of patio
 Lanai City, Hawaii
Saskatoon Theological Union

The Saskatoon Theologican Union is an alliance of three Protestant theological colleges at the University of Saskatchewan.

 College of Emmanuel and St. Chad (Anglican Church of Canada)
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, Saskatoon (Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada)
 St. Andrew's College (United Church of Canada)

There is a Roman Catholic college at the university, St. Thomas More College, which is not a member of the union.

External links
 
 College of Emmanuel and St. Chad
 Lutheran Theological Seminary, Saskatoon
 St. Andrew's College, Saskatoon

Saskatoon Theological Union
Aloha Petroleum

Aloha Petroleum, Ltd. is one of the largest gasoline marketers and convenience store operators in Hawaii, with a history that dates back to the early 1900s. Until 1989, Aloha was a subsidiary of Harken Energy. Aloha employs more than 800 Hawaii residents and markets through approximately 100 Shell, Aloha, and Mahalo branded fueling stations and 50 Aloha Island Marts, four Menehune Food Marts, three Subways, and four Dunkin’ Donuts restaurants throughout the state. In 2014, Aloha was acquired by Sunoco. In 2016 Aloha was awarded the exclusive Dunkin' Donuts franchise for the state of Hawaii.

References

External links
Aloha Petroleum - official website

Companies based in Hawaii
Retail companies based in Hawaii
Oil companies of the United States
Companies based in Honolulu
Gas stations in the United States
2014 mergers and acquisitions
Sunoco LP
AEC Armoured Command Vehicle

AEC Armoured Command Vehicle was a series of command vehicles built by the British Associated Equipment Company (AEC) during the Second World War .

History

During the Second World War, the United Kingdom was the only country to develop and widely employ purpose-built armoured command vehicles. Those were essentially armoured buses based on truck chassis.

The most common ACV of the British Army was the AEC 4x4 ACV. The vehicle, based on AEC Matador chassis, entered production in 1941. A total of about 415 units were built. The vehicle was used for the first time in the North African Campaign and remained in service until the end of the war. Big and comfortable, it was nicknamed Dorchester by the troops, after the luxury hotel in London. Three ACVs of this type were captured by the German Afrika Korps. Two of them, named "Max" and "Moritz", were employed by Rommel and his staff throughout the campaign.

In 1944 a larger AEC 6x6 ACV was developed. The vehicle was based on AEC 0857 lorry chassis and was powered by the AEC 198 150 hp engine. The hull was welded from 9 mm thick rolled steel. The weight of the vehicle reached 17 tons. One hundred and fifty one units were built.

Both vehicles were built in two configurations, called LP (Low Power) and HP (High Power), with different radio equipment.

Some ACVs were  conversions of Armoured Demolition Vehicles which used the same bodywork.

Variants
High Power
One No. 19 wireless set, one R 107 High Frequency reception set. The No 19 set had a maximum output of 30 Watts and maximum range of 45 miles (72km).
Low Power body
two No 19 wireless sets. No 19 set with a maximum output of 30 watt and maximum range of 45 miles (72km) for communications with higher commands.

See also
Guy Lizard

Notes

References
Forty, George - World War Two Armoured Fighting Vehicles and Self-Propelled Artillery, Osprey Publishing 1996, .

External links

Aec.middx.net 
Nase noviny
AFRIKAKORPS / AANA Research AEC Dorchester 4X4 or DAK "Mammoth"
 Max Rommels AEC "Dorchester" 4x4, Armoured Command Vehicle in African theatre

Armoured cars of the United Kingdom
World War II armoured cars
Command vehicles
AEC vehicles
World War II armoured fighting vehicles of the United Kingdom
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
Lee Andrews & the Hearts

Lee Andrews & the Hearts were an American doo-wop quintet from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, formed in 1953. They recorded on the Gotham, Rainbow, Mainline, Chess, United Artists, Grand and Gowen labels. Managed by Kae Williams, in 1957 and 1958 they had their three biggest hits, "Tear Drops", "Long Lonely Nights" and "Try the Impossible".

Members
The group consisted of Lee Andrews (lead), Roy Calhoun (first tenor), Thomas "Butch" Curry (second tenor), Ted Weems (baritone) and Wendell Calhoun (bass).

Lee Andrews was born Arthur Lee Andrews Thompson on June 2, 1936, in Goldsboro, North Carolina. He was the father of Ahmir 'Questlove' Thompson and singer songwriter Donn T. He was the son of a singer, Beachy Thompson of the gospel music group The Dixie Hummingbirds. Andrews died on March 16, 2016, at the age of 79.

Discography

Albums
 Dean Tyler Presents Lee Andrews and the Hearts - Live on Stage (1965) Lost Nite Records

Singles
 "Maybe You'll Be There" (1954 Rainbow Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "Baby Come Back")
 "Long Lonely Nights" (1957 Chess Records) U.S. Pop #45, R&B #11 (with b-side: "The Clock")
 "Tear Drops" (1958 Chess Records) U.S. Pop #20, R&B #4 (with b-side: "Girl Around the Corner")
 "Try the Impossible" (1958 United Artists Records) U.S. #33
 "Why Do I" (1958 United Artists Records) U.S. Doo Wop
 "Maybe You'll Be There" (1958 United Artists Records) U.S. Soul (with b-side "All I Ask Is Love")
 "Together Again" (1958 Gowen Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side "My Lonely Room")
 "Glad to Be Here" (1958 United Artists Records)
 "Island of Love" (1961 Crimson Records) U.S. Soul (with b-side "Oh My Love")
 "The White Cliffs of Dover" (1962 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side "Much Too Much")
 "Bells of St. Mary" (1962 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "Much to Much)"
 "Just Suppose" (1963 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "It's Me")
 "Bluebird of Happiness" (1963 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "Show Me the Merengue")
 "Lonely Room" (1963 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "Leona")
 "Nobody's Home" (1964 Lana Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: "Try the Impossible")
 "Quiet as It's Kept" (1966 RCA Victor) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "You're Taking a Long Time Coming Back")
 "Never the Less" (1967 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "Island of Love")
 "Sippin' on a Cup of Coffee" (1967 Dionn Records) U.S. Soul (co-writer with The OrdellS) 
 "Cold Gray Dawn" (1968 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "All You Can Do"
 "Can't Do Without You" (1968 Lost Nite Records) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "Oh My Love")
 "Long, Lonely Nights" (1973 Chess Records) U.S. Doo Wop (with b-side: Teardrops")
 "I've Had It" (1998 Goldmine Soul Supply) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "She's Wanted")
 "Not My Girl" (2000 T. B. Super Soul) U.S. Soul (with b-side: "I've Had It")

References

Sources

External links
 Marv Goldberg's article on Lee Andrews & The Hearts
 Yukon Jack's article on Lee Andrews & The Hearts
 [ Lee Andrews & the Hearts] at Allmusic

Doo-wop groups
Musicians from Philadelphia
RCA Victor artists
Chess Records artists
A Match and Some Gasoline

A Match and Some Gasoline is the fifth album by the Detroit, Michigan punk rock band The Suicide Machines, released in 2003 by Side One Dummy Records. It was the band's first album for the Side One Dummy label, after their departure from Hollywood Records the previous year. It was also their first album to include bassist Rich Tschirhart, replacing longtime member Royce Nunley who had left the group in 2002. The album's musical direction returned the band to the ska punk and hardcore styles of their first two albums, almost completely abandoning the pop punk style they had incorporated into their previous two releases. A music video was filmed for the single “Keep It A Crime”. The song “High Anxiety” appeared on the soundtrack of Tony Hawk’s Underground 2.

Track listing
Adapted from Apple Music.

Personnel

The Suicide Machines
Jason Navarro – Lead vocals
Dan Lukacinsky – Guitar, backing vocals
Rich Tschirhart – Bass, backing vocals
Ryan Vandeberghe – Drums

Additional musicians
Peter Knudson – additional percussion on "Split the Time" and "Kaleidoscope"

Production
Bill Stevenson – producer, engineer
Jason Livermore – Producer, engineer
The Suicide Machines– Producer
Brian Gardener - Mastered at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood, California

Artwork
Jime Litwalk - Album artwork 
Eric Leidlein and Jime Litwalk - Layout and design 
Rich Tschirhart - Black-and-white photography 
C.J. Benninger - Live photography

References

The Suicide Machines albums
SideOneDummy Records albums
2003 albums
Albums produced by Bill Stevenson (musician)
1675 in music

The year 1675 in music involved some significant events.

Events
Agostino Steffani is appointed court organist at Munich.
Johann Krieger performs at Vienna, and is rewarded by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Publications
Gaspar Sanz – Instrucción de música sobre la guitarra española, Libre 2

Classical music
Johann Rudolph Ahle – Toccata ex Clave D
Marc-Antoine Charpentier
 Ave maris stella, H.60
 De Profundis, H.232
Christian Geist – Laudet Deum mea
Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers – 3e livre d'orgue des huit tons de l'église, organ collection
Maria Xaveria Perucona – Sacri Concerti de Mottetti, Op.1
Johann Christoph Pezel – Bicinia variorum instrumentorum
Alessandro Stradella – Qual prodigio è ch'io miri, a serenata

Opera

 Matthew Locke – Psyche
 Giovanni Legrenzi – La divisione del mondo
 Jean-Baptiste Lully – Thésée, LWV 5

Births
July 12 – Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian composer (died 1742)
August 1 – William Williams, composer (died 1701)
date unknown – Louis de La Coste, composer (died 1750)
probable
Michel de La Barre, composer (died 1745)
Giovanni Porta, opera composer (died 1755)
Tommaso Redi, composer

Deaths
March 23 – Anthoni van Noordt, Dutch organist and composer (born 1619)
September 5 – Carlos Patiño, composer (born 1600)
October 29 – Andreas Hammerschmidt, organist and composer (born c.1611)
November 14 – Johannes Khuen, priest, poet and composer (born 1606)
 date unknown – Wojciech Bobowski, Polish Ottoman musician (born 1610)

 
17th century in music
Music by year
The Very Best of Dan Fogelberg

The Very Best of Dan Fogelberg is a compilation album by Dan Fogelberg, released in 2001 by Sony Records.

Track listing
 "Nether Lands" – 5:34
 "Part of the Plan" – 3:18
 "Heart Hotels" – 4:14
 "Longer" – 3:15
 "Hard to Say" – 3:59
 "Leader of the Band" – 4:19
 "Same Old Lang Syne" – 5:20
 "Run for the Roses" – 4:19
 "Make Love Stay" – 4:33
 "Missing You" – 4:05
 "The Language of Love" – 3:43
 "Believe in Me" – 4:36
 "Lonely in Love" – 5:28
 "She Don't Look Back" – 4:45
 "Rhythm of the Rain" – 4:22
 "Magic Every Moment" – 4:22
 "A Love Like This" – 3:57

References

2001 greatest hits albums
Dan Fogelberg albums
New Atlantic Initiative

The New Atlantic Initiative (NAI) was an international nonpartisan organization dedicated to revitalizing and expanding the Atlantic community of democracies.  NAI was based at the American Enterprise Institute, a Washington, DC-based think tank. 

The NAI's central objective was to strengthen Atlantic cooperation in the post-cold war world by bringing together Americans and Europeans to work toward common goals, including:

The reinvigoration of Atlantic institutions of political cooperation and consultation.
The admission of Europe's fledgling democracies into the institutions of Atlantic defense and European economic cooperation, notably NATO and the European Union.
The establishment of free trade between an enlarged European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries as a complement to strengthening global free trade.

The NAI also sponsored conferences, debates, and roundtable discussions in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere.

In 2005 NAI was shut down and merged into the "European Studies" program at AEI.

External links
NAI Balkan tour information 

American Enterprise Institute
Eugene A. Valencia Jr.

Eugene Anthony Valencia Jr. (13 April 1921 – 15 September 1972) was a 3rd highest scoring United States Navy fighter ace in World War II with 23 claims.

Early life
A native of San Francisco, Valencia was born on 13 April 1921 and attended junior college before enlisting in the United States Navy for flight training in 1941.

Naval career
Valencia received his wings in February 1942 and joined Fighting Squadron 9 a year later. During his first combat deployment to the Pacific, he flew Grumman F6F Hellcats from  in 1943–44. At the end of the first cruise in February 1944, Lieutenant (JG) Valencia was an ace with seven victories, including three in the large dogfight over Truk Atoll on 17 February.

Promoted to full lieutenant, Valencia prepared for VF-9's next deployment. He trained three other pilots in his "mowing machine" tactics, which became perhaps the deadliest naval fighter division (four planes) of the war. "Fighting 9" flew from  and  during 1945, and Valencia's division accounted for 43 of the squadron's 130 victories. Valencia himself joined the ranks of the "aces in a day" with six kills over Japan on 17 April, and at war's end all his division's pilots were aces. James B. French had 11 victories, Harris Mitchell 10, and Clinton L. Smith 6. With 23 victories, Valencia remains the United States Navy's third-ranking ace of all time.

Valencia remained in the navy after World War II ended, and served in a variety of roles including ordnance test, transports, and antisubmarine warfare. As a full commander, he was executive officer of VFAW-3, an air defense squadron, from 1958–1960.

Valencia's decorations include the Navy Cross, six Distinguished Flying Crosses, and six Air Medals.

Later life
Valencia retired from the navy in 1962 and entered business in Southern California. He died at an aces reunion in San Antonio in 1972, aged 51.

References

Bibliography

 Olynyk, Frank. Stars & Bars: A Tribute to the American Fighter Ace 1920–1972. London: Grub Street, 1993
 Tillman, Barrett. Hellcat Aces of World War 2. London: Osprey Publishing, 1996. 

United States Navy personnel of World War II
American World War II flying aces
Aviators from California
Military personnel from San Francisco
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
United States Navy officers
1921 births
1972 deaths
Eden (Everything but the Girl album)

Eden is the debut studio album by the British musical duo Everything but the Girl. It was released on 4 June 1984 by Blanco y Negro Records. The album contains the single "Each and Every One", which peaked at number 28 on the UK Singles Chart. The cover design was by lead singer Tracey Thorn's former colleague in Marine Girls, Jane Fox.

Background and release 
Eden was the first professional recording by EBTG with a bigger company and a proper producer, Robin Millar, who was parallelly producing Sade's Diamond Life. Though it was finished in the autumn of 1983, it wasn't released until June 1984 due to contractual obligations between the band and Cherry Red Records.

By the time Eden was finally released, EBTG felt it didn't represent their current sound and interests and did very little promotion to it. "Each and Every One", the only single, became a UK Top 40 single the surpassed the band's expectations and previous efforts

In the time between recording and releasing Eden, Thorn and Watt opened themselves to new influences, mostly The Smiths, with whom they became close. "Never Could Have Been Worse" (the b-side to "Each and Every One") showed this influence in sound and lyrics. This was part of the band's following two singles.

"Mine" was released only four weeks after Eden, and marked a departure from the album's themes and sound, with Thorn singing about a single mother and gender politics involved in surnames. It reached No. 58 in the UK Singles Chart. "Native Land", which featured Smith's Johnny Marr in harmonica, only reached to No. 73. Although these weren't included in Eden, they did make the US only album Everything but the Girl.

Critical reception 

Eden was met with critical acclaim and NME ranked it number 20 among the "Albums of the Year" for 1984.

By 2012, Eden had sold around 500,000 copies. Eden was reissued in 2012 as a remastered two-disc deluxe set by Edsel Records.

Track listing

2012 Edsel Records reissue

Personnel
Everything but the Girl
Tracey Thorn – vocals, acoustic guitar
Ben Watt – guitars, vocals, Hammond organ, piano, horn arrangements

Additional musicians
Simon Booth – guitar
Joao Bosco De Oliveira – percussion
Charles Hayward – drums
Chucho Merchán – double bass
Dick Pearce – flugelhorn
Nigel Nash – tenor saxophone
Pete King – alto saxophone

Technical
Mike Pela – engineering
Jane Fox – cover design

Charts

Certifications

References

1984 debut albums
Everything but the Girl albums
Blanco y Negro Records albums
Albums produced by Robin Millar
Bossa nova albums
Jangle pop albums
Indie pop albums by English artists
Jazz-pop albums
Alfred Pease

Alfred Pease may refer to:

 Alfred Pease (musician) (1838–1882), American musician
 Sir Alfred Pease, 2nd Baronet (1857–1939), British politician

See also
Alfred Pearse, cartoonist and campaigner
The Best of Talking Heads

The Best of Talking Heads is a greatest hits album by American rock band Talking Heads, released on August 17, 2004 by Sire, Warner Bros. Records, and Rhino Entertainment.

Track listing

Personnel 
 David Byrne – lead vocals, guitar
 Jerry Harrison – keyboards, guitar, backing vocal
 Chris Frantz – drums, backing vocals
 Tina Weymouth – bass, backing vocals

Charts

References

2004 greatest hits albums
Albums produced by Brian Eno
Albums produced by Steve Lillywhite
Albums produced by Tony Bongiovi
Albums produced by Jerry Harrison
Albums produced by David Byrne
Rhino Records compilation albums
Talking Heads compilation albums
Sire Records compilation albums
Warner Records compilation albums
Drown (The Smashing Pumpkins song)

"Drown" is a song by American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins from the soundtrack to the 1992 Cameron Crowe film Singles.

Release
The song debuted during the Gish tour and was written not long after that record was released. 
The first take of the song was recorded at Waterfront Studios, which belongs to Lenny Kravitz, who was also signed to Virgin Records.
The song became a moderate radio hit in mid-1992 and gave the band significant exposure just before work commenced on Siamese Dream.

"Drown" was to be released as a commercial single, but, as Billy Corgan explained,

Nonetheless, the song was given a promotional single, and became their highest-charting single at the time, peaking at number 24 on the U.S. Alternative Songs chart.

The song has also been released publicly as an early demo through SPRC, which is 8:58 in length.

Greatest hits release
The song was also released on the band's official greatest hits compilation Rotten Apples in 2001, though the length of the song was reduced from 8:17 to 4:30, cutting off the extended feedback and E-Bow solo at the end. "Drown" was considered for Pisces Iscariot, but Corgan decided against it.

Gish (2011 reissue)
The complete version of "Drown" was included with an alternate guitar solo on the bonus CD in the 2011 Reissue of Gish.

Charts

References 

The Smashing Pumpkins songs
1992 singles
Songs written by Billy Corgan
Song recordings produced by Billy Corgan
1992 songs
Song recordings produced by Butch Vig
Epic Records singles
Sealed birth records

Sealed birth records refers to the practice of sealing the original birth certificate upon adoption or legitimation, often making a copy of the record unavailable except by court order. Upon finalization of the adoption, the original birth certificate is sealed and replaced with an amended birth certificate declaring the adoptee to be the child of his or her adoptive parents, "as if" born to them. Many states, provinces and countries adopted this practice in the early to mid-20th century with the aim of protecting the adopted person from the shame of an illegitimate birth. Sealed or closed birth records are generally associated with closed adoption. Open records is generally referred to as the practice of opening original birth records to adult adoptees, and should not be confused with open adoption, which can occur with or without sealed records, depending on the laws of the state or province in which it is carried out.

Many nations have granted adult adoptees unrestricted access to their original birth certificates. Mike Leigh's Oscar-nominated film Secrets & Lies (1996) revolves around a British woman who accesses her original birth certificate.

History

United States
While Minnesota was the first state in 1917 to seal and make court adoption records unavailable to the public, in 1935 California became the first state to seal and make an adoptee's original birth record unavailable except by court order. This act, however, also required the sealing of the original birth record of a child who was born illegitimate but who was later legitimated by affidavit or court order. Sealing birth records after an adoption or legitimation was intended to protect the child from any stigma associated with being born illegitimate. It was also intended to prevent a birth parent from interfering later with the adoptive family. After World War II, the laws in most states were changed to permanently seal adoptees' original birth certificates to all parties, including the adoptee when an adult. While Kansas and Alaska seal an adoptee's original birth certificates after an adoption, the original birth record in these two states has always been available upon request once the adoptee reaches 18 years of age. Many states and provinces of the U.S. and Canada have restored the right of adult adopted people to obtain copies of their original birth certificates, though restrictions remain in a number of states even when partial restoration has been enacted by law.

Canada
The history of sealed birth records in Canada mirrors that of the United States. It is complicated by the forced adoptions of Native American children.

See also
Record sealing for a discussion of the general practice

References

External links
The Strange History of Adult Adoptee Access to Original Birth Records by Elizabeth Samuels, University of Baltimore - School of Law, Adoption Quarterly, Vol. 5, p. 63, 2001

Adoption law
Birth registration
Crazy in Love (disambiguation)

"Crazy in Love" is a 2003 song by Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z.

Crazy in Love may also refer to:

Film and television
Crazy in Love (film), a 1992 American comedy film
Crazy in Love, Europe release title of Mozart and the Whale, a 2005 American film starring Josh Hartnett
"Crazy in Love" (Will & Grace), a 2001 episode of Will & Grace
Kerry Katona: Crazy in Love, British reality television series starring Kerry Katona

Music
Crazy in Love (Conway Twitty album), a 1990 album by Conway Twitty
Crazy in Love!, a 1957 album by Trudy Richards
Crazy in Love (Itzy album), a 2021 album by Itzy
"Crazy in Love" (Kim Carnes song), also recorded by Conway Twitty
"Crazy in Love" (Jill Johnson song),  2003
"Crazy in Love", a 1963 single by The Ike-Ettes
"Crazy in Love", a song by Eminem on the 2004 album Encore
"Crazy in Love", a song by Nicol Sponberg
"Crazy in Love", a 2021 song by Shayne Ward

See also
Crazy Love (disambiguation)
Soncoya

Soncoya is a common name for several trees with edible fruit and may refer to:

Annona diversifolia
Annona purpurea
Delaware Military Academy

The Delaware Military Academy (DMA) is a publicly-funded charter high school in unincorporated New Castle County, Delaware and has a Wilmington postal address. The Academy was founded in 2003 by Charles Baldwin, a retired Master Chief Petty Officer from the United States Navy, and Jack Wintermantel, a retired Colonel from the United States Army. All students are required to participate in the Naval Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps, or NJROTC; DMA is the first successful all-JROTC military charter school in the US. DMA offers grades nine through twelve and has been designated a Blue Ribbon School.

Organization
All DMA students are referred to as cadets and the school is organized to reflect that of the US military and JROTC standards. While there are typical academic teachers and administrators, a number of faculty are retired from the military, and there are seven Naval Science Instructors (NSIs), six of whom teach, who oversee the military aspect of the school. Students are divided into one Regiment and each Regiment is divided into two Battalions(Alpha and Bravo) with four Companies each. Ranks are given based on honor, seniority, and academic excellence, with the highest student rank being the Regimental Commander.

Academics
DMA is a college-preparatory school that offers honors, AP, and dual-enrollment classes through Delaware Technical and Community College.

The State of Delaware gave DMA a "Superior" ranking for high scores on standardized testing and they were named a Blue Ribbon School in 2019.

Athletics
For much of its history, DMA has lacked sufficient athletics facilities and relied on nearby Banning Park and other high schools' facilities. In 2015, DMA purchased just under six additional acres of land with the intention of constructing a third building for this purpose and announced its plans for a gymnasium (called the "drill deck") in 2016. The Anthony N. Fusco, Sr. Athletic & Academic Center, a $6 million construction paid for by donors, opened in 2017. Shortly after, in 2019, a $2.5 million turf stadium was erected and named the Fusco Memorial Field.

In 2010, the ice hockey team became the first DMA team to go undefeated (19-0) and won the school's first championship by defeating Hodgson Vo-Tech High School in the Delaware Scholastic Hockey Association B Division Championship finals. Two years later, they won the school's first varsity championship by defeating Alexis I. duPont High School and solidified their place in the A Division.

Notable alumni 
 Patrick Clark, football player

References

External links
 

Military high schools in the United States
High schools in New Castle County, Delaware
Educational institutions established in 2003
Charter schools in Delaware
Public high schools in Delaware
2003 establishments in Delaware
Red Clay Consolidated School District
Koufalia

Koufalia () is a municipal unit and a town of the Chalkidona municipality. Koufalia is the seat of the municipality of Chalkidona.  Before the 2011 local government reform it was a municipality.

Administrative division
The municipal unit of Koufalia consists of two communities: 
Koufalia (population 8,139)
Prochoma (population 2,440)
The aforementioned population figures are as of 2011.

Geography
Koufalia is located 35 kilometres North-West of the City of Thessaloniki, and virtually by the Axios river. The community of Koufalia covers an area of 67.591 km2 while the municipal unit covers an area of 106,128 km2.

History
Koufalia is built north of the ancient city of Ichnae (IXNAI). Most of its population originates from the town of Kavakli in Bulgaria. They moved to the area after the 1919 signing of the Treaty of Neuilly between Greece and Bulgaria that forced a population exchange between the two countries. In return the mostly Bulgarian population of the village immigrated to Bulgaria, settling mainly on the Black Sea coast, in the area of Anchialo. The population called the city Koufalovo (). There are also Ntopioi and Greek refugees from Asia Minor and Thrace.

Culture
It has a number of cultural organisations, the main one being “Megas Alexandros” (Alexander the Great); it was founded in 1980. It has its own lending library as well as a blood bank for humanitarian purposes. Every year it organises the “River Party” on the banks of the Axios river, from 24–26 July, and religious festivals ().

References

Populated places in Thessaloniki (regional unit)
Chalkidona
War Profiteering Is Killing Us All

War Profiteering Is Killing Us All is the sixth studio album by the Detroit, Michigan punk rock band The Suicide Machines, released in 2005 by Side One Dummy Records. The band broke up the following year while touring in support of the album. The album's artwork and many of its songs are critical of President George W. Bush's administration and the Iraq War. Musically, the album explores the ska punk and hardcore styles the band was known for, with short, aggressive songs dealing mostly with social and political topics. A music video was filmed for the single "War Profiteering is Killing Us All".

Track listing
All songs written by The Suicide Machines

Personnel
Jason Navarro – vocals
Dan Lukacinsky – guitar, backing vocals
Rich Tschirhart – bass, backing vocals
Ryan Vandeberghe – drums

Album information
Record label: Side One Dummy Records
Produced by Bill Stevenson and Jason Livermore with The Suicide Machines
All songs written by The Suicide Machines
Recorded and mixed in April 2005 at The Blasting Room in Fort Collins, Colorado
Mixed by Jason Livermore and Bill Stevenson
Additional engineering by Andrew Berlin and Brian Kephart
Mastered by Brian Gardener at Bernie Grundman Mastering in Hollywood, California
Paintings by Jime Litwalk
Design by Steve and Rich Tschirhart

The Suicide Machines albums
SideOneDummy Records albums
2005 albums
Albums produced by Bill Stevenson (musician)
Aniwa Island

Aniwa is a small island in the southernmost province of Tafea, Vanuatu.

As a coral island (a raised coral atoll), it rises a mere 42 m above sea level. In the northwest is Itcharo (Tiaro) lagoon, which is open to the sea.  The nearest large island is Tanna, about 24 km to the southwest.

History

In the 1840 missionaries arrived. In 1866 John Gibson Paton and his new wife Margaret Paton arrived on the island. He had been a missionary on Tanna but he was involved with encouraging the British to make a punitive mission there so he was persona non grata. They were now successful missionaries of the Presbyterian Church of Victoria and over the next fifteen years all of the 200 inhabitants identified as Christians.

Population
Like the nearby West Futuna, it is a Polynesian outlier, and thus its inhabitants originally came from Samoa, and the Wallis and Futuna group instead of the Melanesians of other nearby islands, although there has been much intermarriage with Tanna over the generations. The language of both islands is Futunan, in the Futunic branch of Nuclear Polynesian languages, though the dialects between the two islands are distinct. Population is about 350 in five distinct villages:
Itangutu
Imalé
Isavaï
Ikaokao
Namsafoura

The main village is Ikaokao, located in the centre of the south of the island, followed by Isavai in the islands' centre. The John Frum cargo cult exists in Ikaokao, and is unaffected by the touristic involvement that has modified the cult in Tanna.

Transportation
The island is served by Aniwa Airport, an air strip in the north with flights from Port Vila twice a week.

Anchorage is challenging in 20m on the west coast of the island, identifiable by a white square painted onto the coral face. Shipping of goods or passengers is by either the monthly interisland shipping service or the numerous small outboard motor boats operated by individuals.

A road accessible to vehicles links almost all parts of the island.

References

Islands of Vanuatu
Tafea Province
Polynesian outliers
Rack rail

A rack rail, or rack strip, is used to mount rackable electronic hardware and 19-inch rack mount accessories within a 19-inch rack. Within a rack a minimum of two rack rails are required to mount equipment. The height of rack rail is determined by the number of rack units required for mounting the equipment.

The design of racks and rack rails is specified in ECIA - EIA/ECA-310.

Each rack unit (U) is equivalent to . Most rack rail is in sizes from 2 units high () to 54 units high ().

Types
Rack Rail comes in two different commonly used forms. Tapped/threaded rack rail has round holes tapped for 10-32 UNF or 10-24 UNC screws. The other common form of rack rail is square hole rack strip which has square holes for captive nuts, available tapped for various different screw threads,  that are clipped into the holes as needed to mount equipment.

In both cases, rack screws and washers are required to mount rack mount equipment to the rack rail. The size and strength of rack rail is determined by its application. Increased thickness of steel results in stronger rack rail and varieties of rack rail can be found such as double angle and single angle rack rail.

References 

Computer enclosure
Server hardware
Secretary hand

Secretary hand or script is a style of European handwriting developed in the early sixteenth century that remained common in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries for writing English, German, Welsh and Gaelic.

History
Predominating before the dominance of Italic script, it arose out of the need for a hand more legible and universally recognizable than the book hand of the High Middle Ages, in order to cope with the increase in long-distance business and personal correspondence, in cities, chanceries and courts. The hand thus used by secretaries was developed from cursive business hands and was in common use throughout the British Isles through the seventeenth century. In spite of its loops and flourishes it was widely used by scriveners and others whose daily employment comprised hours of writing. By 1618 the writing-master Martin Billingsley in his The Pen's Excellency, 1618, distinguished three forms of secretary hand, as well as "mixed" hands that employed some Roman letterforms, and the specialised hands, the "court hand" used only in the courts of the King's Bench and Common Pleas and the  archaic hands used for engrossing pipe rolls and other documents.  

At the time of Henry VII, many writers began to use the "Italian" style instead, a cursive script developed from the humanist minuscule or "Roman" hand which was easier to read but also easier to forge. English ladies were often taught an "Italian hand", suitable for the occasional writing that they were expected to do. Grace Ioppolo notes that the convention in writing the texts of dramas was to write act and scene settings, characters' names and stage directions in italic, and the dialogue in secretary hand. The modern use of italic font stems from these distinctions.

Aside from palaeographers themselves, genealogists, social historians and scholars of Early Modern literature have become accustomed to reading secretary hand.

William Henry Ireland used the secretary hand to forge many Shakespeare documents.

See also

 
 
 
 
 (used in the records of the Court of Common Pleas)
 (also known as law hand, Anglicana, cursiva antiquior, or charter hand)

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links 

 English Handwriting 1500-1700: An Online Course from Cambridge University
 Reading Old Handwriting

Penmanship
Tudor England
Writing
Palaeography
Western calligraphy