alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Sanderlei Parrela

Sanderlei Claro Parrela (born October 7, 1974 in Santos) is a former Brazilian sprinter.

Career
With a personal best of 44.29 seconds he is the South American record holder at 400 metres. He won a silver medal in this event at the 1999 World Championships. He finished fourth in the 400 metres race at the 2000 Sydney Olympics.

Parrela brought his career to a close at the 2009 Troféu Brasil Caixa de Atletismo in Rio de Janeiro. Finishing eighth in the 400 m with a season's best of 47.69, he ended a track career which had seen him break the South American record six times.

Achievements

Further achievements
(400 metres unless noted)

2005 South American Championships - silver medal
2001 South American Championships - gold medal
2000 Ibero-American Championships - gold medal
2000 Olympic Games - fourth place
1999 Pan American Games - silver medal (4x400 metres relay)
1999 World Championships - silver medal
1997 South American Championships - gold medal (4x400 metres relay)
1997 South American Championships - gold medal
1996 Ibero-American Championships - gold medal
1995 South American Championships - gold medal (4x400 metres relay)
1995 South American Championships - gold medal

References

External links

Sports reference biography

1974 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Santos, São Paulo
Brazilian male sprinters
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Brazil
World Athletics Championships medalists
Athletes (track and field) at the 1999 Pan American Games
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Pan American Games silver medalists for Brazil
Medalists at the 1999 Pan American Games
20th-century Brazilian people
21st-century Brazilian people
Luzino railway station

Luzino is a PKP railway station in Luzino (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

Regional services (R) Tczew — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Malbork — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Elbląg — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Bydgoszcz Główna 
Regional services (R) Luzino — Gdynia Główna
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Gdynia Główna

Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lebork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk

References 

Luzino article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 18 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Wejherowo County
Strzebielino Morskie railway station

Strzebielino Morskie is a PKP railway station in Strzebielino Morskie (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

Regional services (R) Tczew — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Malbork — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Elbląg — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Bydgoszcz Główna 
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Gdynia Główna

Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lebork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk

References 

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Wejherowo County
Eryopoidea

Eryopoidea is a clade of late Carboniferous and Permian temnospondyl amphibians, known from North America and Europe. Carroll (1998) includes no fewer than ten families, but Yates and Warren (2000) replaced this with a cladistic approach that includes three closely-related families, the Eryopidae, Parioxyidae and Zatrachydidae. They define the Eryopoidea as all members of Euskelia in which the choana are relatively rounded and the iliac blade is vertical. A similar definition (without specifically naming Euskelia) is provided by Laurin and Steyer (2000).

References

External links
Palaeos
Eryopoidea – Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Carboniferous temnospondyls
Permian temnospondyls
Pennsylvanian first appearances
Permian extinctions
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
Bożepole Wielkie railway station

Bożepole Wielkie is a PKP railway station in Bożepole Wielkie (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

Regional services (R) Tczew — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Malbork — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Elbląg — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Bydgoszcz Główna 
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Gdynia Główna
Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lebork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk

References 

Bożepole Wielkie article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 18 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Wejherowo County
Pepper Dennis

Pepper Dennis is an American comedy-drama television series that aired on The WB from April 4 to July 4, 2006.  It was announced on May 17, 2006 that Pepper Dennis would not be one of the WB shows transferred to The CW. Pepper Dennis was the final show to premiere on the network before the rebrand.

Plot
The series stars Rebecca Romijn as Pepper Dennis, a television reporter for an evening news broadcast at the fictional television station WEiE (specifically with a small i) in Chicago. The series also starred Rider Strong as Chick, Pepper's cameraman who has an unrequited crush on her, Brooke Burns as Pepper's sheltered and somewhat flaky sister Kathy Dinkle, Lindsay Price as Kimmy Kim, Pepper's closest friend and WEiE's makeup artist and Josh Hopkins as Charlie Babcock, the station's news anchor. One of the focal points of the show was the love-hate relationship between Pepper and Charlie.

Cast

Regular cast

Recurring characters

Other characters

Production
The song used in commercials for the show was "Black Horse and the Cherry Tree" by KT Tunstall, and the opening theme song is "Better Half" by Chris Trapper, the former frontman for the Boston pop group The Push Stars. Another song that the WB used for advertising "Pepper Dennis" was Morningwood's "Nth Degree" which also appeared in another WB drama, One Tree Hill.

Episodes

References

External links
 
 
 
 Pepper Dennis review at People Magazine
 "X-Men" movie star hopes her TV series won't expire

2006 American television series debuts
2006 American television series endings
2000s American comedy-drama television series
2000s American romantic comedy television series
Television series about journalism
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
Television shows set in Chicago
The WB original programming
English-language television shows
Marathon mountain bike race

Marathon mountain bike races, often referred to as cross-country marathon (XCM), are a very demanding form of mountain bike racing covering at least  usually in mountainous terrain. Events held in Europe are typically just a little longer than the average cross country mountain bike race.  Marathon events in the USA and Canada are typically longer than  and are very different from cross country races.

UCI events

The UCI has established a championship series for such events, the Marathon World Cup.   The 2014 UCI rules limit events to distances between  and .  Almost all of the participants are elite professional mountain bike racers. There is an annual world championship event, the UCI Mountain Bike Marathon World Championships. The races can be run over as a single or multi-lap course, however, the course cannot cover the same lap more than three times.

Non-UCI events
Non-UCI events routinely cover much longer distances.  The typical event in the USA is either based on time, typically 12 or 24 hours, or distance, the most common being . Events based on hours typically allow either people to compete individually or as part of the team.  Distance events are almost all solo events. The number of these events and those taking part in them have grown greatly. The first such events began to be held routinely in the early 1990s typically had less than 50 racers. In 2006 nearly 100 events were held and most had more than 150 racers.

The world's largest mountain bike marathon race by the number of participants is the Birkebeinerrittet, , held annually in Norway. While the distance is short for a marathon mountain bike event, the number of participants and history make it noteworthy.

Notable races 
 Montezuma’s Revenge
 Wilderness 101 Mountain Bicycle Race
 Mohican MTB 100
 Lumberjack 100
 The Endurance 100
 Breckenridge 100
 Leadville Trail 100 MTB
 Brazil Ride more than 500 km over 7 days
 Chupacabras (cycling race)
 Birkebeinerrittet
 Shenandoah Mountain 100
 Oakridge Mountain Bike Marathon, 55 miles
 La Ruta de los Conquistadores, 161 miles, 3 stages
 Yak Attack
 Cape Epic – 700 km over 8 days
 Titan Desert – 600 km over 6 days
 Simpson Desert Bike Challenge – 600 km over 5 days

References

External links
 UCI 2015 Mountain Bike Marathon Info
 The National Endurance Mountain Bike Series (NEU MTB Series)

Endurance games
Mountain biking
Ultra-distance cycling
Fabiano Peçanha

Fabiano Peçanha (born June 5, 1982 in Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul) is a Brazilian middle distance runner. He is a quadruple South American champion in 800 metres and 1500 metres. Peçanha studied at the Lutheran University of Brazil and represented his country at four consecutive Summer Universiades, winning six medals.  He has also represented Brazil at two Olympics (2008 and 2012), reaching the semi-final on both occasions.

Personal bests
800 metres - 1:44.60 
1500 metres - 3:38.45 (2004)

Competition record

1: Running out of competition.

References

External links

Athlete's webpage (in Portuguese)

Sportspeople from Rio Grande do Sul
Brazilian male middle-distance runners
1982 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 2003 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2007 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Brazil
Pan American Games athletes for Brazil
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Brazil
Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Brazil
Universiade silver medalists for Brazil
Universiade bronze medalists for Brazil
Medalists at the 2005 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 2003 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 2007 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 2009 Summer Universiade
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
21st-century Brazilian people
20th-century Brazilian people
People from Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul
Godętowo railway station

Godętowo is a PKP railway station in Godętowo (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

Regional services (R) Tczew — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Malbork — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Elbląg — Słupsk  
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Bydgoszcz Główna 
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Gdynia Główna
Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lebork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk

References 

Godętowo article at Polish Stations Database , URL accessed at 18 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Wejherowo County
Jonah Birir

Jonah Birir (born December 27, 1971, in Eldama Ravine, Koibatek) is a former Kenyan middle-distance runner.

In 1988 he won the World Junior Championships held in Sudbury, Canada, over 800 metres, and at the 1990 World Junior Championships he won a silver medal in a personal best time of 1:46.61. He then concentrated on the 1500 metres distance, finishing fifth in the 1992 Summer Olympics final in Barcelona. The final was won by Fermín Cacho of Spain. The same year Birir finished second at the IAAF World Cup.

His personal best was 3:33.86 seconds, achieved during the Zürich meet in 1993.

External links

1971 births
Living people
People from Baringo County
Sportspeople from Rift Valley Province
Kenyan male middle-distance runners
Kenyan male cross country runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Kenya
Olympic male middle-distance runners
Critical Mass (film)

Critical Mass is a 2001 action film directed by Fred Olen Ray (credited as "Ed Raymond") and released direct-to-video. It stars Treat Williams, Lori Loughlin, and Udo Kier. The film features scenes taken straight from other films such as Terminator 2: Judgment Day and Universal Soldier spliced into newly filmed scenes to make up its action sequences.

Plot
The film centers around a group of terrorists who take over a nuclear power plant and a security guard at the plant who tries to stop them.

Cast
 Treat Williams as Mike Jeffers
 Udo Kier as Samson
 Lori Loughlin as Janine
 Blake Clark as Sheriff Borden
 Doug McKeon as Breem
 Andrew Prine as Sen. Cook
 Richard McGonagle as Alan Gould
 Shanna Moakler as Alexandra 
 T.J. Thyne as Karl Wendt
 Charles Cyphers as Henderson
 Jack Betts as Atty. Gen. Ames

Reception
Website Cool Target called it "enjoyable action nonsense" and stated: "Recycled footage to this extent is just lazy and kind of insulting but if you can get past this, Critical Mass is an enjoyably amusing low rent shoot-em up." Moria.co gave the film only one star out of five, calling it "yet another version on Die Hard (1988) and the basic plot template it created of a lone individualistic hero inside a large building/facility single-handedly fending off a terrorist plot." ''

References

External links
 

2000 films
American action films
2000 action films
2000s English-language films
Films directed by Fred Olen Ray
2000s American films
Colonia (Autopsia album)

Colonia is a compilation album by  Autopsia, released by Staalplaat in Amsterdam, 2002.

Track listing
 Je suis la Resurrection, the main theme from The Pillow Book (film)
 The Fortress Europe
 King og heretics
 Welt ist won Ertz
 Car Dieu a tant aime le monde
 Abfall und Aufsteig
 The secret block for a secret person in Ireland
 Wom Jasagen
 Blue of Noon

References

External links
 Autopsia
 Staalplaat
 Colonia MP3

Autopsia albums
2002 albums
Kangaamiut

Kangaamiut, formerly known as Gammel Sukkertoppen, is a settlement with a population of 293 (2020) in the Qeqqata municipality in central-western Greenland.

Geography 
Kangaamiut is located on an island off the coast of Davis Strait between mouths of two long fjords. To the south is the long and twisted Kangerlussuatsiaq Fjord and to the north is the Kangaamiut Kangerluarsuat Fjord. The mouth of the long Kangerlussuaq Fjord is located approximately  north of the island.

History 
The Dano-Norwegian settlement Sukkertoppen was originally located at the site of present-day Kangaamiut, when it was founded in 1755. It was moved to its present location at Maniitsoq in 1782.

Transport 
Kangaamiut serves as a port of call for the Arctic Umiaq Line coastal ship.

Population 
Kangaamiut has experienced a sharp decline in its population. The settlement has lost more than 36% of its population relative to 1990 and more than 26% relative to 2000.

References

Davis Strait
Populated places in Greenland
Qeqqata
Eryopidae

Eryopidae were a group of medium to large amphibious temnospondyli, known from North America and Europe. They are defined as all eryopoids with interpterygoid vacuities (spaces in the interpterygoid bone) that are rounded at the front; and large external nares (Laurin and Steyer 2000).  Not all of the genera previously included in the Eryopidae (Carroll 1988) are retained under the cladistic revisions.

Gallery

References 
 Carroll, R. L. (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, W.H. Freeman & Co.
 Laurin. M and Steyer, J-S, (2000),  Phylogeny and Apomorphies of Temnospondyls - Tree of Life project

External links
Eryopoidea - Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

Permian temnospondyls
Eryopids
Pennsylvanian first appearances
Permian extinctions
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
Molecular Modelling Toolkit

The Molecular Modelling Toolkit (MMTK) is an open-source software package written in Python, which performs common tasks in molecular modelling.

, MMTK consists of about 18,000 lines of Python code, 12,000 lines of hand-written C code, and some machine-generated C code.

Features
 construction of molecular systems, with special support for proteins and nucleic acids
 infinite systems or periodic boundary conditions (orthorhombic elementary cells)
 common geometrical operations on coordinates
 rigid-body fits
 visualization using external PDB and VRML viewers; animation of dynamics trajectories and normal modes
 the AMBER 94 force field, with several options for handling electrostatic interactions
 a deformation force field for fast normal mode calculations on proteins
 energy minimization (steepest descent and conjugate gradient)
 molecular dynamics (with optional thermostat, barostat, and distance constraints)
 normal mode analysis
 trajectory operations
 point charge fits
 molecular surface calculations
 interfaces to other programs

See also
 Software for molecular mechanics modelling

References

External links 
 
 Background information

Molecular modelling software
Molecular dynamics software
Python (programming language) software
Peter Primrose

Peter Thomas Primrose (born 26 September 1955) is an Australian politician.

He has been a Labor Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Council since 1996. He has served in various portfolios including Shadow Minister for Local Government, Shadow Minister for Regional Roads, Shadow Minister for Innovation and Better Regulation, Shadow Minister for Finance, Shadow Minister of State and Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader on Western Sydney. He was also the President of the Legislative Council (8 May 2007 – 17 November 2009), Minister for Disability Services (2 March 2010 – 28 March 2011) and Minister for Youth (8 December 2009 – 28 March 2011) among other portfolios.

Primrose was previously the Labor member for Camden in the Legislative Assembly from 1988 to 1991, and was unsuccessful in regaining the seat at the 1995 election.

After Primrose graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Social Studies, he worked as a social worker with the Red Cross Welfare Service before working for the NSW Departments of Health, Youth and Community Services and as an adviser to the Commonwealth Minister for Consumer Affairs.
He served on Campbelltown City Council from 1980 to 1991, including a term as Mayor; and for five years as Chair of the Macarthur Health Services Board.

References

 

1955 births
Living people
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council
Presidents of the New South Wales Legislative Council
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of New South Wales
21st-century Australian politicians
Liz Kernohan

Elizabeth Anne Kernohan (24 June 1939 – 21 October 2004) was an Australian politician who served as member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Electoral district of Camden from 1991 to 2003. She was a member of the Liberal Party.

Prior to entering state parliament she served as an Alderman on Camden Council from 1973 to 1991, including two terms as Mayor.

She was educated at the Sydney Church of England Girls' Grammar School and at the University of Sydney where she obtained a PhD degree in Agricultural Science. She worked at the University of Sydney's farms at Camden prior to entering state politics.

After retiring from state politics, she was re-elected to Camden Council in 2004, but she died less than a year into her term.

References

 

Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
1939 births
2004 deaths
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of New South Wales
20th-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian politicians
Women members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
People educated at Sydney Church of England Girls Grammar School
20th-century Australian women politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
University of Sydney alumni
Geoff Corrigan

Geoffrey Corrigan (born 23 July 1953) is a former Australian politician with the Labor Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in the seat of Camden.

Corrigan was elected the member for the Camden in 2003, in a close-run election after the retirement of Liz Kernohan.  He defeated Liberal candidate Paul Masina and independent Eva Campbell; both he and Campbell were former mayors of Camden. Corrigan was re-elected in March 2007, defeating Liberal candidate Camden mayor Chris Patterson. Corrigan was defeated by Patterson in the 2011 election.

Notes

 

1953 births
Living people
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Place of birth missing (living people)
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of New South Wales
21st-century Australian politicians
Piero Pisenti

Piero Pisenti (March 20, 1887 – September 29, 1980) was an Italian Fascist journalist and politician.

Pisenti was born in Perugia, Umbria, to a family of university professors. In 1912 he graduated in jurisprudence at the University of Bologna. The following year he moved to Pordenone, Friuli, where he began his political career as a member of the town council, which he held from 1915 to 1919, elected on conservative list. In 1920 he founded in Pordenone the far right party Unione del Lavoro (Labour Union), which was later absorbed into the National Fascist Party (PNF).

He entered the PNF in 1921, and soon became a captain of the Blackshirts in Friuli, as well as a national-level figure of Fascism, and editor of Giornale del Friuli.

In 1926 Pisenti was expelled from the PNF, as he disagreed on some internal regulations of the party. The following year, however, he was readmitted into high office, becoming one of Benito Mussolini's closest collaborators (Mussolini described him as "the man who, throughout twenty years of Fascism, has had the bravery of his very own brilliant heterodoxy"). In 1924 he was elected as to the Italian Chamber of Deputies, a position he held without interruptions until 1939.

After the armistice of September 8, 1943, he remained loyal to Mussolini, and joined the leadership of the Italian Social Republic - in November of that year, he was appointed its Minister of Justice. His predecessor had initiated a "show" trail of Grand Council members who moved against Mussolini. While he opposed this tactic and attempted to free the prisoners, he gave into pressure and refused to pardon the former Fascist leaders who had organized the fall of Mussolini in 1943 (including Galeazzo Ciano, Emilio De Bono and Carlo Pareschi), and who were sentenced to death in the Verona trial.<ref>I Montanelli,Storia d'Italia 1943-1948 pag 98, RCS editore, 2003</ref>

After the end of World War II, Pisenti was arrested and jailed for a year. After the sentence was carried out, he returned to Pordenone and worked as a lawyer. In 1977 he wrote the controversial essay RSI - Una Repubblica necessaria'' ("The RSI [Italian Social Republic] - A Necessary Republic"), in which he defended the politics of the Republic.

Pisenti died in Pordenone in 1980.

References 

1887 births
1980 deaths
People from Perugia
People of the Italian Social Republic
Italian male journalists
University of Bologna alumni
Alpini
Italian anti-communists
20th-century Italian journalists
20th-century Italian male writers
Scott Fava

Scott Fava (born 19 January 1976 in Kiama, Australia) is an Australian retired rugby union footballer.

Super 14
Scott Fava began his Super Rugby career with the Queensland Reds in 1999, playing for three seasons before moving on to the ACT Brumbies. At the Brumbies, Fava was named Best Forward in 2004.

For the 2006 season, Fava joined the new Western Force side which were part of the expansion of the Super 12 to become the Super 14.  During the season, Fava was relegated to the bench after failing a club alcohol breath test.  Fava made 87 appearances in Super Rugby.

He later became the first person to play for all Australian Super 14 sides when he joined the Waratahs. He later retired due to injury after the 2009 season.

Fava played for Eastwood and became the first person to win the Ken Catchpole Medal three times, voted as the most outstanding player in the Sydney club competition in 2002, 2003 and 2004.

Tests
Fava made his test debut for the Wallabies against England in 2005 and was also part of the tour party in France. He scored his first test try in the 2006 Tri Nations-Bledisloe Cup tie against the All Blacks.

Commonwealth games
Scott Fava was a member of the Australian Rugby 7's side at the 2006 Commonwealth Games that lost out in the bronze medal playoff against Fiji. During the match, Fava suffered a sickening hit in a collision with Viliame Satala and began convulsing on the field. He was able to make a full recovery after being taken to the Royal Melbourne Hospital.

References

External links
Western Force profile
Player profile
BBC on Commonwealth Rugby 7's
Benching following breath test

1976 births
Living people
Australian rugby union players
Australia international rugby union players
ACT Brumbies players
Western Force players
New South Wales Waratahs players
Queensland Reds players
Rugby union number eights
Rugby sevens players at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Male rugby sevens players
Australia international rugby sevens players
Commonwealth Games rugby sevens players for Australia
Rugby union players from New South Wales
People from Kiama, New South Wales
Eastwood Rugby Club players
Naked party

A naked party, also known as nude party, is a party where the participants are required to be nude.  The parties have become associated with college campuses and with college-aged people; they gained prominence after naked parties were organized at Brown University and Yale University. While the roots of naked parties come from the nudism movements and campus streaking, the modern "naked party" movement appears to have its roots at Brown University in the 1980s. Attendees of naked parties often report that they stop feeling awkward after just a few minutes since everyone has disrobed before entering the party and since everyone's nudity is accepted, regardless of body type. According to reports, most naked college parties are sex-free. At Brown University, the nakedness is "more of an experiment in social interaction than a sexual experience".

The event at Yale continued; in 2016 it was observed that, having begun in the 1980s, it has become an institution because of rules that enforce its non-sexual nature.

The spread of naked parties has sparked international controversy. Some students do not like the idea of their schools being associated with them. These concerns have been discussed in different works of literature, such as Tom Wolfe's I Am Charlotte Simmons and Natalie Krinsky's Chloe Does Yale. Religious groups have attempted to have nude parties banned in some municipalities. An oft-cited Christianity Today column entitled "What to Say at a Naked Party" cited concerns about sexual assault and objective morality.

See also

 List of clothing-free events
 Toga party
 Young Naturists America

References

External links
 College Comment: Black Tie Optional by Darrell Hartman, April 2003

Clothing-free events
Erotic parties
Nudity
Tintagel Old Post Office

Tintagel Old Post Office is a 14th-century stone house, built to the plan of a medieval manor house, situated in Tintagel, Cornwall, England. The house, and its surrounding cottage garden, are in the ownership of the National Trust, and the building is Grade I listed.

The name dates from the Victorian period when it briefly held a licence to be the letter receiving station for the district. The Trust has restored it to this condition. It was among the early acquisitions of the Trust (1903) and closes in the winter months.

The building was acquired by the Trust from its owner Catherine Eliza Johns (died 1925) who had employed the architect Detmar Blow to renovate it in 1896. (Blow was also responsible for some buildings at Treknow in the 1890s.) Catherine Johns had bought it in 1895 to prevent its demolition. She and a number of other artists then raised money to enable the National Trust to buy it from her.

References

External links

Grade I listed buildings in Cornwall
National Trust properties in Cornwall
Historic house museums in Cornwall
Postal history of the United Kingdom
Post office buildings in the United Kingdom
Tintagel
Grade I listed houses
Rob Houwer

Robert Piet Houwer (born 13 December 1937) is a Dutch film producer. He studied at the University of Television and Film Munich, Germany. In 1964 he directed the short film Anmeldung (Declaration) which was awarded a Silver Bear at the Berlin Filmfest. During the 1960s, Rob Houwer became one of the most prolific producers in Germany, with directors Volker Schlöndorff (A Degree of Murder, Man on Horseback), Peter Fleischmann (Hunting Scenes from Bavaria), Johannes Schaaf (Tattoo), Michael Verhoeven (Up the Establishment, o.k.) and Hans-Jürgen Syberberg (Romy: Anatomy of a Face). Upon his return to the Netherlands in 1971, he frequently collaborated with Paul Verhoeven and produced most of his Dutch films. Turkish Delight (1973), based on the novel by Jan Wolkers, became the most frequently visited film in Dutch cinema and still holds that place today.  The relationship between Houwer and Verhoeven ended when Verhoeven moved to the US in 1985. Houwer's later films did not always enjoy the huge commercial success of his early productions. The Dragon That Wasn't (Or Was He?), supervised by Houwer and artist Marten Toonder became the All-Time Number One Dutch animated feature at the box office. Some of his later productions were considered to be among the worst in Dutch cinema by critics: De gulle Minnaar (1990), De Zeemeerman (1996) and Het woeden der gehele wereld (2006). He was appointed the Order of Orange-Nassau.

Awards
1999 Bavarian Film Awards, Best Production

Selected filmography
West Germany
Romy: Anatomy of a Face (dir. Hans-Jürgen Syberberg, 1967)
A Degree of Murder (dir. Volker Schlöndorff, 1967)
Tattoo (dir. Johannes Schaaf, 1967)
 (dir. , 1968)
Lebeck (dir. Johannes Schaaf, 1968)
Hunting Scenes from Bavaria (dir. Peter Fleischmann, 1969)
Up the Establishment (dir. Michael Verhoeven, 1969)
Man on Horseback (dir. Volker Schlöndorff, 1969)
Student of the Bedroom (dir. Michael Verhoeven, 1970)
o.k. (dir. Michael Verhoeven, 1970)

Netherlands
Business Is Business (dir. Paul Verhoeven, 1971)
Turkish Delight (dir. Paul Verhoeven, 1973)
Keetje Tippel (dir. Paul Verhoeven, 1975)
Soldier of Orange (dir. Paul Verhoeven, 1977)
Grijpstra & De Gier (dir. Wim Verstappen, 1979)
The Dragon That Wasn't (Or Was He?) (animated film, 1983)
The Fourth Man (dir. Paul Verhoeven, 1983)
Brandende liefde (dir. Ate de Jong, 1983)
Count Your Blessings (dir. Pieter Verhoeff, 1987)
De Gulle Minnaar (dir. Mady Saks, 1990)
The Little Blonde Death (dir. Jean van de Velde, 1993)
De Zeemeerman (dir. Frank Herrebout, 1996)
Bigger than James Dean (dir. Frank Krom, 2004)
Het Woeden der Gehele Wereld (dir. Guido Pieters, 2006)

References

External links

1937 births
Living people
Dutch film producers
Dutch film directors
Golden Calf winners
Mass media people from The Hague
Trengwainton Garden

Trengwainton (, meaning farm of eternal springtime) is a garden situated in Madron, near Penzance, Cornwall, England, UK, which has been in the ownership of the National Trust since 1961. The garden is noted for its collection of exotic trees and shrubs and offers views over Mount's Bay and The Lizard. The house is not open to the public.

History
First mentioned in 1319 as Trethigwaynton, the name comes from the Cornish language gwenton (springtime). The current dwelling has been on the site since at least the 16th century and was altered and extended in the 18th and 19th centuries. The house is a grade II listed building. The walled garden, which was built in Elizabethan times, seems to have been constructed as a response to the period of persistently cooler weather known as the Maunder Minimum. The wall prevented warm air from escaping from the garden on cool nights, thereby allowing frost-sensitive fruit trees to survive, despite the cooling climate.

In 1814 the estate was bought by Rose Price the son of a Jamaican sugar plantation owner. Trengwainton was sold following the loss of income resulting from the 1833 Emancipation Act which freed slaves on the family's Worthy Estate in Jamaica. In 1867 the property was bought by Thomas Simon Bolitho. In 1877 it was inherited by his son Thomas Robins Bolitho. He  extended it with several rooms in 1880; and in 1925 he bequeathed it to his nephew, Edward Hoblyn Warren Bolitho. Rose Price planted trees and built the walled gardens, which are said to be based on the dimensions of Noah's Ark, and in 1925 Edward Bolitho and his head gardener Alfred Creek continued the development of the garden. They were opened to the public, for the first time, in 1931. The Victoria Medal of Honour for Horticulture was awarded to Edward in 1961 and in the same year he donated 98 acres to the National Trust, who also acquired the house, "with provision for the family to remain in residence"

Speed Hill Climb
Held bi-annually, each Easter Monday and August Bank Holiday, from 1946 until 1974, the Trengwainton Speed Hill Climb () was an event organised by the West Cornwall Motor Club. The aim of the climb was for a car, motorbike, or a motorbike and sidecar to ascend the twisting course, from a standing start, as quickly as possible. Fastest times recorded include 21.79 seconds by  Roy Opie of Stithians on an Ariel 500 and 22.34 seconds by WC Cuff in a Cooper-Daimler. The event regularly attracted 2,000 spectators.

References

Further reading

External links

 Trengwainton Garden visitor information at the National Trust
 Trengwainton Hill Climb Programme Covers

Country houses in Cornwall
Grade II listed buildings in Cornwall
Gardens in Cornwall
National Trust properties in Cornwall
Penwith
David Seymour (rugby union)

David Seymour (born 27 September 1984 ) is a retired rugby union player. A Flanker by trade, that had a successful career in the Aviva Premiership with Saracens and Sale Sharks.

Seymour joined Saracens on a full-time academy contract at the start of the 2004–05 season. But after only a few weeks of
pre-season training, he was promoted to the first team squad and made his first full appearance as a replacement for Richard Hill.

He established himself as a regular in the first team and made his debut at England under-21 level in both the Six Nations and World Championships in Argentina. Further international honours have followed, Seymour having played for England 7s in the IRB Series in Dubai, Los Angeles and Hong Kong and claiming a silver medal at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. Seymour was called up to the England Saxons squad for the Churchill Cup in Canada.

Seymour started 13 games for Saracens in the 2007–08 season and appeared as a replacement 11 times. A knee injury at the start of the 2008–09 season restricted his appearances in the early stages of the season.

On 26 June 2009, after being released by Saracens, Sale Sharks announced that they had signed Seymour on their official website.

Seymour went on to make 196 appearances for the Sharks over nearly a decade and scored 19 tries for Sale alone. He also captained the side many times in a successful career at club level. Seymour has been retained in an ambassadorial role by Sale.

Seymour joined Sale FC Rugby for the 2018-19 season playing 26 league games and captained the side to win the Cheshire Cup against Chester RUFC in April 2019.

References

External links
 

1984 births
Living people
English rugby union players
Saracens F.C. players
Sale Sharks players
Rugby union flankers
England international rugby sevens players
Male rugby sevens players
Commonwealth Games medallists in rugby sevens
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for England
Commonwealth Games rugby sevens players for England
Rugby sevens players at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Rugby union players from Buckinghamshire
Medallists at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Zatracheidae

Zatracheidae (sometimes mistakenly spelled Zatrachydidae or Zatrachysdidae) is a family of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian temnospondyl amphibians known from North America and Europe. Zatracheidids are distinguished by lateral (sideways) bony protuberances of the quadratojugal bone of the skull, and a large opening in the snout called the internarial fontanelle (sometimes the internarial fenestra) that is bordered by enlarged premaxillae. The skull is flattened, with small orbits or eye sockets set far back.  The opening in the snout may have housed a gland for producing a sticky substance so that prey would adhere to the tongue. If so, this indicates that these animals spent a large part of their time on land.

History of study 
There are three genera of zatracheidids: Acanthostomatops Kuhn, 1961; Dasyceps Huxley 1859; and Zatrachys Cope, 1878. Only Dascyeps is represented by a species in addition to the type species. The name Zatracheidae was first coined by Cope (1882). Numerous variations on this, such as 'Zatrachydae' and 'Zatrachydidae' have been used in the literature, as have permutations derived from Acanthostomatops such as 'Acanthostomidae.'

Anatomy 
Zatracheidids are recognized by their wide and flat skulls with a greatly enlarged preorbital region that is distinguished by the large internarial fontanelle, with corresponding large premaxillae. A correspondingly large intervomerine fontanelle is found on the palate. The quadratojugal is expanded, and in Acanthostomatops and Zatrachys, bears discrete spiky projections. The quadratojugal also obscures the quadrate in dorsal profile. Dasyceps and Zatrachys are only confidently known from cranial material.

Development
Zatracheidids are one of several temnospondyl groups that are speculated to have undergone metamorphosis from young to adult. Both Zatrachys and Acanthostomatops are known from ontogenetic series, but that of Acanthostomatops is more complete and is the only one that would definitively capture metamorphosis. Spikes developed during metamorphosis, and as zatrachydids continued growing as adults, the pits and grooves on their skulls grew more extensive and the otic notch at the back of the skull grew wider. These notches likely supported membranes called tympana, which serve as ear drums in living amphibians. The choanae also grew larger during metamorphosis, and are distinguished by their irregular shape, which differs from the more circular shape seen in other temnospondyls. Zatrachydids also possess a hole in the center of their palates called the inter-vomerine fontanelle, which grows larger during metamorphosis. This hole is seen in living salamanders and frogs and is associated with an organ called the intermaxillary gland, which produces secretions that make the tongue sticky. It may also have been present in zatrachydids.

Gallery

References 

 
Carboniferous temnospondyls
Permian temnospondyls
Rhachitomes
Pennsylvanian first appearances
Cisuralian extinctions
Prehistoric amphibian genera
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
Gunnar Gunnarsson Helland

Gunnar Gunnarsson Helland (January 26, 1885 – April 20, 1976) was a Norwegian-American  Hardanger fiddle maker.

Background
Gunnar Gunnarsson Helland was a member of the Helland fiddle maker family of Bø, Norway.  Helland worked in the traditional region of Telemark  in the workshop of his father, Gunnar Olavsson Helland, until he emigrated to United States in 1901 and settled in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. He had three children: Alton, Edith, and Gilman, with his wife, Edith.

Career
Together with his brother Knut Gunnarsson Helland, he started the Helland Brothers workshop in 1905. His brother died in 1920 and Gunnar Helland ran Helland Brothers alone until he closed down in 1927, at a time when the demand for violins was in decline. 

In 1927, Gunnar Helland moved to Minneapolis and spent two years working at Lundh & Rowe for Jacob Lundh (1865-1951) and Frederick Rowe (1884-1976).  In 1929, he moved to Fargo, North Dakota where he established the Helland Music Company on the third floor of a building on Broadway. The business remained there until 1962 when it was bought by Lloyd Hammond. Gunnar continued to work for Lloyd Hammond until he was over 80. He built his last Hardanger fiddle in 1937. Gunnar Helland made several design changes on his later violins including lamination inside the sound holes for increased strength, shorter sound holes, a lower profile and a pattern that was much closer to the style of Guarneri del Gesu.

See also
 The Helland fiddle maker family
Robert "Bud" Larsen

References

External links
 Helland fiddle maker family
National Music Museum - Hardingfele

1889 births
1976 deaths
People from Bø, Telemark
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
Fiddle makers
Norwegian musical instrument makers
People from Fargo, North Dakota
Khullar

Kharal is a Punjabi surname and a Khatri clan in India.

Notable people bearing the surname, who may or may not be associated with the clan, include:

D. K. Khullar
Karanveer Khullar
Rahul Khullar
Rajesh Khullar

References 

Religion and castes in Punjab

Surnames of Indian origin
Surnames of Hindu origin
Khatri surnames
Punjabi-language surnames
Richard Face

Jack Richard Face (2 December 1942 – 1 August 2023) was an Australian politician who was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1972 and 2003.

Biography
Jack Richard Face was born in the Newcastle suburb of Merewether and educated at Merewether Public School, Broadmeadow High School, Newcastle Technical College and the New South Wales Police Academy.

Face was the Labor member for Charlestown from 1972 to 2003.  He was the Minister for Gaming and Racing in Bob Carr's cabinet from 1995 until his retirement.

In 2004 he was found guilty of lying to the Independent Commission against Corruption (ICAC). He was fined A$2500 and given a three-year good behaviour bond.

Richard Face died on 1 August 2023, at the age of 80.

References

1942 births
2023 deaths
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Australian politicians convicted of crimes
21st-century Australian politicians
Elihu (Job)

Elihu ( ’Elihu, 'my God is he') is a critic of Job and his three friends in the Hebrew Bible's Book of Job. He is said to have been the son of Barachel and a descendant of Buz, who may have been from the line of Abraham (Genesis 22:20–21 mentions Buz as a nephew of Abraham).

Elihu's monologues
Elihu is introduced in , towards the end of the book. His speeches comprise chapters 32-37, and he opens his discourse with more modesty than displayed by the other comforters. Elihu addresses Job by name (, , ), and his words differ from those of the three friends in that his monologues discuss divine providence, which he insists is full of wisdom and mercy.

The narrator's preface  and Elihu's own words in  indicate that he has been listening intently to the conversation between Job and the other three men. He also admits his status as one who is not an elder (32:6–7). As Elihu's monologue reveals, his anger against the three older men was so strong he could not contain himself (32:2–4). An "angry young man", he is critical of both Job and his friends: Andrew B. Davidson argues that the "friends" or companions in this verse are not his three friends Bildad, Eliphaz, and  Zophar, but "most probably Job is considered here the centre of a circle of persons who cherished the same irreligious doubts in regard to God’s providence as he did".

Elihu claims that the righteous have their share of prosperity in this life, no less than the wicked. He teaches that God is supreme, and that one must acknowledge and submit to that supremacy because of God's wisdom. He draws instances of benignity from, for example, the constant wonders of creation and of the seasons.

Elihu's speeches finish abruptly, and he disappears "without a trace", at the end of Chapter 37.

Possible pseudonymity of the character
The speeches of Elihu (who is not mentioned in the prologue) contradict the fundamental opinions expressed by the 'friendly accusers' in the central body of the text, that it is impossible that the righteous should suffer, all pain being a punishment for some sin. Elihu states that suffering may be decreed for the righteous as a protection against greater sin, for moral betterment and warning, and to elicit greater trust and dependence on a merciful, compassionate God in the midst of adversity.

Some writers question the status of Elihu's interruption and didactic sermon because of his sudden appearance and disappearance from the text. Even scholars who regard the Book of Job as a literary composition by a single author tend to see in Elihu's speeches an early addition or commentary to the original book. He is not mentioned in Job 2:11, in which Job's friends are introduced, nor is he mentioned at all in the epilogue, 42:7–10, in which God expresses anger at Job's friends. His speech contains more Aramaisms than the rest of the book.

Possible authorship
According to Albert Barnes, John Lightfoot and others, the Book of Job was probably written by Elihu.

See also 
Bildad
Eliphaz
Zophar

References

Book of Job people
People whose existence is disputed
David Mallet

David Mallet is the name of:

 David Mallet (writer) (c. 1705–1765), Scottish poet and dramatist
 David Mallet (director) (fl. 1970s-2010s), British director

See also
 David Mallett (born 1951, fl. 1990s), American singer-songwriter
 David Malet Armstrong (1926–2014), Australian philosopher
Derek Clarke

Derek Clarke (born 19 February 1950) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League as a forward for Walsall, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Oxford United, where he spent the majority of his career, Orient and Carlisle United. He is the third of five footballing brothers, the others being Frank, Allan, Kelvin and Wayne, who all played League football.

Clarke was born in Willenhall, and began his professional career at nearby Walsall. He joined Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1968, but made just five appearances in two full seasons for the First Division club before moving to Oxford United in October 1970. He spent six years at Oxford, making 178 Second Division appearances, then left the Manor Ground when the club was relegated in 1976. He then joined Orient, where he spent two seasons, which included an appearance in the semi-final of the 1977–78 FA Cup and a loan spell at Carlisle United, before injury forced his retirement.

References

External links
 

1950 births
Living people
People from Willenhall
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Walsall F.C. players
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. players
Oxford United F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
English Football League players
Ministry of Construction of Heavy Industry

The Ministry of Construction of Heavy Industry of the USSR (Mintyazhstroy; ) was a central government institution charged with leading the heavy industry of the Soviet Union.  It was established in 1946 to replace the several successor Commissariats to the People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry of the USSR, dissolved in 1939.  After liquidation in 1953, it was reactivated from 1967 to 1986.

The ministry headquarters was one of the Seven Sisters built during the last 10 years of Stalin's life, also known as the Red Gate building owing to its proximity to the Red Gate Square.

List of ministers
Source:
 Pavel Yudin (16.1.1946 - 29.5.1950)
 Davyd Raizer (29.5.1950 - 15.3.1953)
 Nikolai Goldin (21.2.1967 - 30.1.1986)
 Sergei Bashilov (30.1.1986 - 2.9.1986)

References

Construction of Heavy Industry
Heavy industry