September 1



Events

Up to 1900 
 5509 BC  The world was created, according to the Byzantine Empire.
 327  Start of first indiction cycle.
 717  Siege of Constantinople: The Muslim armada, with 1,800 ships, is defeated by the Byzantine Empire's Navy through the use of Greek fire.
 1271  Pope Gregory X is elected.
 1532  Anne Boleyn is made Marquess of Pembroke by her future husband, King Henry VIII of England.
 1598  Boris Godunov is crowned Tsar of Russia.
 1604  Adi Granath, now known as Gupta Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism, is first installed at Harmandir Sahib.
 1644  Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause
 1715  King Louis XIV of France dies after a reign of 72 years — longer than any major European monarch.
 1772  Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.
 1804  Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.
 1807  Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason. He had been accused of plotting to annex parts of Louisiana and Mexico to become part of an independent republic.
 1818  At London's St. Guy's Hospital, James Blundell carries out the first blood transfusion on a human. His patient, however, dies.
 1836  Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.
 1862  American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly – Confederate General Robert E. Lee leads his forces in an attack on retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia, driving them away.
 1864  American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege mounted by Union General William T. Sherman.
 1870  Franco-Prussian War: Prussian victory in the Battle of Sedan.
 1873  Cetshwayo ascends to the throne of the Zulu Nation.
 1875  A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
 1878  Emma Nutt becomes the first female telephone operator.
 1894  Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.
 1897  The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.

1901  2000 
 1902  A Trip to the Moon, directed by Georges Méliès and considered one of the first science fiction movies, is released in France.
 1905  Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.
 1906  the International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys (FICPI) is established.
 1914  St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.
 1914  The last Passenger Pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.
 1923  An earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing about 100,000 people. See Great Kantō earthquake for details.
 1928  Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.
 1939  World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Polish September Campaign.)
 1939  George Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army.
 1951  The United States, Australia and New Zealand all sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty (for "Australia, New Zealand, United States").
 1952  The Old Man and the Sea, the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by Ernest Hemingway, is published.
 1954  Paul "Bear" Bryant opens his infamous 10-day football mini-camp in Junction, Texas. The "survivors" of the ordeal will go down in football lore as The Junction Boys.
 1958  Iceland expands its fishing zone, putting it into conflict with the United Kingdom, and starting the Cod Wars.
 1960  Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company.
 1961  The Eritrean War of Independence begins.
 1962  Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Islands.
 1962  An earthquake in Qazvin, Iran, kills more than 12,000 people.
 1969  A coup in Libya brings Col. Muammar al-Gaddafi to power, ousting King Idris I.
 1969  Tran Thien Khiem becomes Prime Minister of South Vietnam under Nguyen Van Thieu.
 1970  The last episode of the television sitcom I Dream of Jeannie airs on NBC. The show premiered on September 18, 1965.
 1972  In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.
 1974  The SR-71 Blackbird plane sets the record for the time it takes to fly from New York City to London, doing so in an hour and 55 minutes. The record has not yet been beaten.
 1979  The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.
 1980  Chun Doo-hwan becomes president of South Korea after the resignation of Choi Kyu-ha.
 1980  Terry Fox is forced to abandon his "Marathon of Hope" across Canada at Thunder Bay, Ontario.
 1981  In the Central African Republic, David Dacko is removed in a military coup.
 1983  Cold War: Korean Air Flight KAL-007 shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft entered Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die.
 1984  An attack on Kabul Airport kills 42 people.
 1985  A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.
 1986  Soviet passenger steamer Admiral Nakhimov sinks in the Black Sea, after a collision, killing 398 people.
 1991  The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is released in North America.
 1991  Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.
 1992  Slovakia's Constitution is ratified.
 1995  The PlayStation videogame system is released in North America.
 1999  A LAPA Boeing 737-200 crashes during takeoff from Jorge Newbury Airport in Buenos Aires, killing 74, including 10 on the ground.

From 2001 
 2001  In the largest media market change in North American television history, every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000.
 2004  The Beslan school siege begins, when armed terrorists take children and adults hostage at a school in Beslan, North Ossetia, southern Russia. The siege ends in a massacre two days later.
 2005  Then-Governor of Louisiana Kathleen Blanco gives a "Shoot to Kill" order against looters following Hurricane Katrina.
 2006  Luxembourg completes the move to all-digital broadcasting.
 2016  A SpaceX rocket explodes on the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
 2017  Vladimir Putin's decision to expel 755 diplomats from Russia, in response to United States sanctions, takes effect.
 2018  The funeral of United States Senator John McCain takes place at Washington National Cathedral.
 2019  Hurricane Dorian hits the Bahamas as a Category 5 (the strongest measurement) storm.

Births

Up to 1900 
 948  Emperor Jingzong of Liao, of the Liao Dynasty in China (d. 982)
 1068  King Henry I of England, English royal (d. 1135)
 1145  Ibn Jubayr, Muslim geographer and poet (d. 1217)
 1286  Elisabeth Richeza of Poland (d. 1335)
 1525  Christoffer Valkendorff, Danish statesman (d. 1601)
 1566  Edward Alleyn, English actor (d. 1626)
 1588  Henri, Prince of Condé (d. 1646)
 1611  William Cartwright, English playwright (d. 1643)
 1647  Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark (d. 1717)
 1651  Nataliya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (d. 1694)
 1653  Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1706)
 1689  Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer, Czech baroque architect (d. 1751)
 1711  William IV, Prince of Orange (d. 1759)
 1785  Philip Allen, 22nd Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1865)
 1798  Ferenc Gyulay, Austrian-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1868)
 1818  José María Castro Madriz, first President of Costa Rica (d. 1892)
 1827  Elisha Baxter, American politician, 10th Governor of Arkansas (d. 1899)
 1846  Carlo Cafiero, Italian anarchist and revolutionary (d. 1892)
 1848  Auguste Forel, Swiss scientist (d. 1931)
 1854  Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (d. 1921)
 1855  Innokenty Annensky, Russian poet (d. 1909)
 1856  Sergei Winogradsky, Russian scientist (d. 1953)
 1861  Lazar Edeleanu, Romanian chemist (d. 1941)
 1862  Nitobe Inazo, Japanese diplomat (d. 1933)
 1863  Joao Pinheiro Chagas, Portuguese journalist and politician (d. 1925)
 1864  Roger Casement, Irish diplomat, poet, patriot and activist (d. 1916)
 1866  James Corbett, American boxer (d. 1933)
 1871  J. Reuben Clark, American civil sergeant, lawyer and religious leader (d. 1961)
 1873  Robert P. Bass, 53rd Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1960)
 1875  Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer (d. 1950)
 1877  Francis William Aston, British chemist (d. 1945)
 1878  Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg Gotha (d. 1942)
 1878  Tullio Serafin, Italian conductor (d. 1968)
 1883  Didier Pitre, French-Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1934)
 1884  Hilda Rix Nicholas, Australian artist (d. 1961)
 1884  Sigurd Wallén, Swedish actor and movie director (d. 1947)
 1886  Tarsila do Amaral, Brazilian painter (d. 1973)
 1886  Othmar Schreck, Swiss composer and conductor (d. 1957)
 1887  Blaise Cendrars, Swiss writer and adventurer (d. 1961)
 1892  Leverett Saltonstall, 55th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1979)
 1893  Betty Blythe, American actress (d. 1972)
 1895  Engelbert Zaschka, German helicopter pioneer (d. 1955)
 1896  Simon Barere, Russian pianist (d. 1951)
 1898  Marilyn Miller, American tap dancer and musical singer (d. 1936)

1901  1950 
 1906  Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (d. 2002)
 1907  Walter Reuther, American labor union leader (d. 1970)
 1907  Miriam Seegar, American actress (d. 2011)
 1912  Gwynfor Evans, Welsh politician (d. 2005)
 1915  Ken Aston, English football referee (d. 2001)
 1916  Dorothy Cheney, American tennis player (d. 2014)
 1920  Richard Farnsworth, American actor (d. 2000)
 1922  Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-American actress (d. 2007)
 1922  Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor and director (d. 2000)
 1923  Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
 1924  Hal Douglas, American voice actor (d. 2014)
 1924  Gustavo Bueno, Spanish philosopher (d. 2016)
 1925  Roy J. Glauber, American physicist (d. 2018)
 1925  Art Pepper, American saxophonist (d. 1982)
 1926  Abdur Rahman Biswas, former President of Bangladesh (d. 2017)
 1926  Gene Colan, American comic book artist (d. 2011)
 1926  Frank Morris, American criminal (missing since 1962)
 1926  Stanley Cavell, American philosopher (d. 2018)
 1926  Sam Pivnik, Polish Holocaust survivor and author (d. 2017) 
 1928  George Maharis, American actor
 1929  Anne Ramsey, American actress (d. 1988)
 1930  Michel Serres, French philosopher (d. 2019)
 1930  Khem Singh Gill, Indian geneticist and plant breeder (d. 2019)
 1930  Charles Correa, Indian architect (d. 2015)
 1931  Boxcar Willie, American musician (d. 1999)
 1931  Javier Solís, Mexican singer (d. 1966)
 1931  Cecil Parkinson, British politician (d. 2016)
 1932  Derog Gioura, President of Nauru (d. 2008)
 1932  Sunny von Bülow, American socialite (d. 2008)
 1933  Ann Richards, American politician and Governor of Texas (d. 2006)
 1933  Conway Twitty, American singer and musician (d. 1993)
 1934  Léon Mébiame, former Prime Minister of Gabon
 1934  Terepai Maoate, Cook Islands politician (d. 2012)
 1935  Seiji Ozawa, Japanese conductor
 1936  Robert List, 24th Governor of Nevada
 1937  Afzal Ahsan Randhawa, Pakistani writer (d. 2017)
 1937  Allen Jones, British musician
 1937  Allen Weinstein, American historian and educator (d. 2015)
 1938  Alan Dershowitz, American lawyer and writer
 1938  Per Kirkeby, Danish painter, sculptor and poet (d. 2018)
 1939  Lily Tomlin, American actress and comedienne
 1939  Eoin Young, New Zealand journalist (d. 2014)
 1941  Julia Varady, German opera singer
 1942  António Lobo Antunes, Portuguese writer
 1942  C. J. Cherryh, American writer
 1943  Don Stroud, American actor
 1945  Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer
 1945  Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, Yemeni general, politician and President
 1946  Barry Gibb, British singer and musician (the Bee Gees)
 1946  David Greaves, British snooker player (d. 2019)
 1946  Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (d. 2009)
 1947  P. A. Sangma, Indian politician (d. 2016)
 1948  James Rebhorn, American actor (d. 2014)
 1949  Garry Maddox, American baseball player and sportscaster
 1949  Alasdair McDonnell, Irish politician
 1950  Phil McGraw (known as "Dr. Phil"), American talk show host
 1950  Nicu Ceausescu, Romanian politician (d. 1996)
 1950  Mikhail Fradkov, Russian politician

1951  1975 
 1952  Manuel Piñero, Spanish golfer
 1952  Brad Linaweaver, American writer (d. 2019)
 1954  Filip Vujanovic, Montenegrin President
 1955  Bruce Foxton, English bass player
 1955  Gerhard Strack, German footballer
 1956  Kim Jong-Hun, North Korean football coach
 1956  Vinnie Johnson, American basketball player
 1957  Gloria Estefan, Cuban-American singer
 1958  Armi Aavikko, Finnish singer (d. 2002)
 1960  Joseph Williams, American singer-songwriter (Toto)
 1961  Scott Bigelow, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
 1961  Christopher Ferguson, American captain, pilot and astronaut
 1962  Ruud Gullit, Dutch footballer
 1962  Scott Ciencin, American novelist (d. 2014)
 1965  Craig McLachlan, Australian actor & singer
 1965  Tibor Simon, Hungarian footballer
 1966  Tim Hardaway, American basketball player
 1968  Mohamed Atta, Egyptian terrorist (d. 2001)
 1969  Henning Berg, Norwegian footballer
 1970  Padma Lakshmi, Indian-American actress and author
 1971  Hakan Sukur, Turkish footballer
 1971  Ricardo Antonio Chavira, American actor
 1971  Helena af Sandeberg, Swedish actress
 1971  Dave Wittenberg, South African-American voice actor and screenwriter
 1973  Ram Kapoor, Indian actor
 1973  Savo Milosevic, Serbian footballer
 1974  Jhonen Vasquez, American comic book artist
 1974  Yutaka Yamamoto, Japanese cartoonist and director
 1975  Scott Speedman, English-born actor

From 1976 
 1976  Babydaddy, American singer-songwriter, musician and producer (Scissor Sisters)
 1976  Takashi Fukunishi, Japanese footballer
 1977  David Albelda, Spanish footballer
 1980  Sammy Adjei, Ghanaian footballer
 1981  Clinton Portis, American baseball player
 1982  Ryan Gomes, American basketball player
 1983  José Antonio Reyes, Spanish footballer (d. 2019)
 1984  Joe Trohman, American musician (Fall Out Boy)
 1986  Gaël Monfils, French tennis player
 1986  Stella Mwangi, Norwegian singer
 1987  Christian Traesch, German footballer
 1988  Chanel West Coast, American model, actress, rapper and singer-songwriter
 1989  Max Franz, Austrian skier
 1989  Bill & Tom Kaulitz, German singers
 1989  Jefferson Montero, Ecuadorean footballer
 1989  Daniel Sturridge, English footballer
 1990  Aisling Loftus, English actress
 1990  Mélanie René, Swiss singer
 1991  Irina Antonenko, Russian model
 1992  Kirani James, Grenadian sprinter
 1993  Ilona Mitrecey, French singer
 1994  Bianca Ryan, American singer
 1996  Zendaya, American actress, singer and dancer

Deaths

Up to 1900 
 1067  Baldwin of Flanders
 1159  Pope Adrian IV (b. 1100)
 1256  Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (b. 1218)
 1557  Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)
 1574  Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (b. 1479)
 1581  Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (b. 1534)
 1648  Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (b. 1588)
 1678  Jan Brueghel the Younger, Flemish painter (b. 1601)
 1715  King Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
 1715  François Gilardon, French sculptor (b. 1628)
 1777  Johann Ernst Bach II, German poet (b. 1722)
 1838  William Clark, American explorer (b. 1770)
 1868  Ferenc Gyulay, Austrian-Hungarian field marshal (b. 1798)

1901  2000 
 1906  Giuseppe Giacosa, Italian poet and playwright (b. 1847)
 1914  Martha, last Passenger Pigeon
 1943  Charles Atangana, Cameroonian chief (b. 1880)
 1945  Terry, American cairn terrier who starred in The Wizard of Oz (b. 1933)
 1953  Jacques Thibaud, French violinist (b. 1880)
 1957  Dennis Brain, English French horn player (b. 1921)
 1961  Eero Saarinen, Finnish architect and designer (b. 1910)
 1967  Ilse Koch, wife of Karl Koch, commandant of the concentration camp Buchenwald (b. 1906)
 1967  Siegfried Sassoon, English poet and writer (b. 1886)
 1969  Drew Pearson, American newspaper columnist (b. 1897)
 1970  François Mauriac, French writer (b. 1885)
 1977  Ethel Waters, American singer, actress (b. 1896)
 1981  Ann Harding, American actress and singer (b. 1901)
 1981  Albert Speer, Nazi official (b. 1905)
 1982  Wladyslaw Gomulka, Polish Communist leader (b. 1905)
 1983  Larry McDonald, United States Congressman (b. 1935)
 1983  Henry M. Jackson, Senator from Washington (b. 1912)
 1986  Murray Hamilton, American actor (b. 1923)
 1988  Luis Walter Alvarez, American physicist (b. 1911)
 1989  Kazimierz Deyna, Polish footballer (b. 1947)
 1989  A. Bartlett Giamatti, American baseball commissioner (b. 1938)
 1990  Geir Hallgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1925)
 1997  Zoltan Czibor, Hungarian footballer (b. 1929)

From 2001 
 2003  Sir Terry Frost, British artist (b. 1915)
 2004  Ahmed Kuftaro, Syrian religious leader (b. 1915)
 2006  Bob O'Connor, 57th Mayor of Pittsburgh (b. 1944)
 2008  Jerry Reed, American actor and musician (b. 1937)
 2008  Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (b. 1940)
 2009  Erich Kunzel, American conductor (b. 1935)
 2012  Hal David, American songwriter (b. 1921)
 2012  Smarck Michel, 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (b. 1937)
 2013  Tommy Morrison, American boxer (b. 1969)
 2013  Ole Ernst, Danish actor (b. 1940)
 2014  Mark Gil, Filipino actor (b. 1961)
 2014  Maya Rao, Indian dancer (b. 1928)
 2014  Gottfried John, German actor (b. 1942)
 2014  Elena Varzi, Italian actress (b. 1926)
 2014  A. J. Langguth, American historian and journalist (b. 1933)
 2014  Mary T. Clark, American academic and civil rights advocate (b. 1913)
 2014  Joseph Shivers, American textile chemist (b. 1920)
 2015  Gurgen Dalibaltayan, Armenian colonel-general (b. 1926)
 2015  Antonio Nirta, Italian criminal (b. 1919)
 2015  Dean Jones, American actor (b. 1931)
 2015  Boomer Castleman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
 2015  Will Provine, American biologist and historian (b. 1942)
 2015  Ben Kuroki, American air force gunner (b. 1917)
 2016  Jon Polito, American actor (b. 1950)
 2016  Kacey Jones, American singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
 2017  Shelley Berman, American comedian and actor (b. 1925)
 2017  Charles Gordon-Lennox, 10th Duke of Richmond, British peer (b. 1929)
 2017  Peadar Lamb, Irish actor (b. 1930)
 2017  Cormac Murphy-O'Connor, English cardinal (b. 1932)
 2017  Gin D. Wong, Chinese-born American architect (b. 1922)
 2018  Irving Petlin, American artist (b. 1934)
 2018  Margit Sandemo, Norwegian-Swedish author (b. 1924)
 2018  Tarun Sagar, Indian Jain monk (b. 1967)
 2018  Randy Weston, American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1926)
 2018  Ehsan Yarshater, Iranian historian (b. 1920)
 2019  Kenneth Baugh, Jamaican politician (b. 1941)
 2019  Alison Cheek, Australian-American religious leader (b. 1927)
 2019  Alberto Goldman, Brazilian politician (b. 1937)
 2019  William J. Larkin Jr., American politician (b. 1928)
 2019  Katherine MacLean, American science fiction writer (b. 1925)
 2019  Jukka Virtanen, Finnish television presenter, film director, screenwriter and songwriter (b. 1933)

Observances 
 Constitution Day in Slovakia
 Independence Day in Uzbekistan
 Armed Struggle for Independence (Eritrea)
 Knowledge Day (Russia)
 Disaster Prevention Day (Japan)
 Revolution Day in Libya (1969 – 2010)

September 01