alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Chondrosteosaurus

Chondrosteosaurus (meaning "cartilage and bone lizard") was a sauropod dinosaur from Early Cretaceous England.

The type species, Chondrosteosaurus gigas, was described and named by Richard Owen in 1876. The fossils of Chondrosteosaurus were discovered in the Wessex Formation on the Isle of Wight, likely Brighstone or Brook. C. gigas is known only from two neck vertebrae (specimens BMNH 46869, the holotype, and BMNH 46870), with distinctive hollows and internal passages now interpreted as evidence of pneumatic air sacs. Paleontologist Harry Seeley had interpreted similar structures as pneumatic in his specimen of Ornithopsis. Owen disagreed with Seeley's concept of a giant creature bridging the gap between birds or pterosaurs (Owen considered sauropods to be whale-like marine reptiles), and while he acknowledged that the external cavities on the vertebrae may have been connected to the lungs, he interpreted the internal passages as having been filled with cartilage (hence his name for the genus, Chondrosteosaurus or "cartilage and bone lizard").

Owen also named a second species, Chondrosteosaurus magnus, that today no longer is considered to belong to Chondrosteosaurus but instead Ornithopsis.

References

External links 
 Discussion of Chondrosteosaurus with image
 Web page on Chondrosteosaurus

Eusauropoda
Barremian genera
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe
Cretaceous England
Fossils of England
Fossil taxa described in 1876
Taxa named by Richard Owen
Étienne Moulinié

Étienne Moulinié (10 October 1599 – 1676) was a French Baroque composer. He was born in Languedoc, and when he was a child he sang at the Narbonne Cathedral. Through the influence of his brother Antoine (died 1655), Moulinié gained an appointment at court, as the director of music for Gaston d'Orléans, the younger brother of the king. For this post he wrote sacred and secular music, for voice or voices and lute or continuo. He also wrote music to accompany the ballet or other dances. He taught Gaston's daughter, Mlle de Montpensier. Moulinié worked for Gaston until the latter's death in 1660, at which point he was forced to find new employment. For this he returned to his birthplace of Languedoc.

Moulinié wrote in the genres of airs de cour and airs à boire. His airs de cour are strophic and syllabic, but generally freer than others in the genre. His works were printed in a number of different forms (for voices alone and voice with continuo), and many were changed into sacred texts for use in church, although he also wrote other pieces which were religious from the start. His work may have been influenced by music of other countries, including the dance music of Spain and Italy. His songs, and their new texts, became very well traveled, being translated into German and Dutch, one being published far away by the Prussian musician Heinrich Albert (Königsberg, 1648).

References

Jean-Paul C. Montagnier, The Polyphonic Mass in France, 1600-1780: The Evidence of the Printed Choirbooks, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.

Notes

External links

1599 births
1676 deaths
17th-century classical composers
17th-century French people
French Baroque composers
French male classical composers
17th-century male musicians
Guist Creek Lake

Guist Creek Lake is a  reservoir about five miles (8 km) east of Shelbyville, Kentucky. It was created in 1961 by impounding Guist Creek. The lake has  of shoreline and  is stocked annually with 7,900 channel catfish per year. Its average depth is , with the main channel averaging around  in most of the lake. Its maximum depth is . Guist Creek Lake is in the Salt River drainage basin.

Record fish
Two Kentucky state record fish were taken from Guist Creek Lake:

Bullhead catfish, 5 lb 3oz, caught by Harry Case on October 18, 1992
White catfish, 1 lb 9oz, caught by Charles Crain on May 3, 2004

Creel limits
Channel catfish - must be over 12 inches (.3 m)
All other species follow ky state regulations

See also
Geography of Louisville, Kentucky

References

External links
2006 Kentucky fishing forecast

Infrastructure completed in 1961
Reservoirs in Kentucky
Protected areas of Shelby County, Kentucky
Bodies of water of Shelby County, Kentucky
Salt River (Kentucky)
Charles Clore

Sir Charles Clore (26 December 1904 – 26 July 1979) was a British financier, retail and property magnate, and philanthropist.

Biography
Clore was of Lithuanian Jewish background, the son of Israel Clore, a Whitechapel tailor who had emigrated to London, and later to Israel. Charles Clore owned, through Sears Holdings, the British Shoe Corporation and Lewis's department stores (which included Selfridges), as well as investing heavily in property.

He owned Jowett Cars Ltd from 1945 to 1947 where he was known as "Santa Clore" for his much anticipated financial investment.

Sir Charles and his wife Francine had two children, Vivien and Alan Evelyn Clore. Clore Shipping Company had two oil tankers, the Vivien Louise and the Alan Evelyn.

Philanthropy
His philanthropic trust, since 2000 the Clore Duffield Foundation, is a donor to arts and Jewish community projects in Britain and abroad. The Clore Gallery at Tate Britain in London, which houses the world's largest collection of the works of J. M. W. Turner, was built in 1980–87 with £6 million from Clore and his daughter and £1.8 million from the British government. He was knighted in the 1971 Queen's Birthday Honours List for his philanthropic work.
Upon Sir Charles' death, Inland Revenue sued, claiming he was British domiciled (he had claimed Monaco domicile), in order to collect inheritance taxes. The court upheld the Inland Revenue position.

Legacy and commemoration

The beachfront Charles Clore Park in Tel Aviv is named after Clore. It stretches across 30 acres, and families use the seaside park to celebrate birthdays and host barbecues, or even attend city-wide events such as Tel Aviv Pride. His father, who died in 1933, is buried in nearby Petah Tikvah.

In September 1980 thieves stole 19 paintings from Clore's Monaco apartment, including works by Renoir, Monet, Pissarro and Utrillo. Clore's butler was found lying on the floor of the apartment after the theft, claiming that he had been attacked by the thieves, but was later found to have collaborated with them. The butler later committed suicide in Monaco's prison.
 
Clore was loosely connected to the Profumo affair, being a client of Christine Keeler. Clore was depicted in Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical based on the affair, Stephen Ward the Musical. In 2014 Clore's daughter, Vivien Duffield, saw the musical with William Astor, whose father, William Astor, 3rd Viscount Astor, was also depicted. Clore owned several good racehorses, notably Valoris which won the Epsom Oaks in 1966.

References

See also
London Zoo: zoo exhibits funded by Charles Clore.
Charles Clore Park

1904 births
1979 deaths
Businesspeople from London
English expatriates in Monaco
English businesspeople in retailing
English philanthropists
English people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
Knights Bachelor
British racehorse owners and breeders
20th-century British philanthropists
Burials at Willesden Jewish Cemetery
20th-century English businesspeople
Chondrosteus

Chondrosteus is a genus of extinct actinopterygian (ray-finned fish) belonging to the family Chondrosteidae. It lived during the Sinemurian (early Early Jurassic) in what is now England. Chondrosteus is related to sturgeons and paddlefishes as part of the clade Acipenseriformes. Similar to sturgeons, the jaws of Chondrosteus were free from the rest of the skull (projectile jaw system). Its scale cover was reduced to the upper lobe of the caudal fin like in paddlefish. 

The species Chondrosteus hindenburgi from the Toarcian (late Early Jurassic) of Germany was reallocated to the genus Strongylosteus. Although some authors have suggested that the latter might be a junior synonym of Chondrosteus, there are no recent comparative studies on these two genera.

References

External links

Acipenseriformes
Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera
Fossils of Great Britain
Jurassic fish of Europe
Jurassic bony fish
Gaston of Orléans

Gaston of Orléans  may refer to:
Gaston, Duke of Orléans (1608–1660)
Prince Gaston, Count of Eu (1842–1922)
Prince Gaston of Orléans (2009–)
Claorhynchus

Claorhynchus (meaning "broken beak", as it is based on broken bones from the snout region) is a dubious genus of cerapodan dinosaur with a confusing history behind it.  It has been considered to be both a hadrosaurid and a ceratopsid, sometimes the same as Triceratops, with two different assignments as to discovery formation and location, and what bones make up its type remains.

History
The holotype specimen, AMNH 3978, was described by paleontologist and naturalist Edward Drinker Cope, who interpreted it as the rostral bone and predentary of an "agathaumid" (ceratopsid)  dinosaur, which he said came from the Laramie Formation of Colorado. It was soon thought to be a hadrosaurid, though.  In 1904, Franz Baron Nopcsa reclassified it as a ceratopsid. In their influential monograph, Richard Swann Lull and Nelda E. Wright regarded the genus as a dubious type of hadrosaurid, based on premaxillae and a predentary.

This opinion stood until the work of Michael K. Brett-Surman, who stated in his dissertation that, having rediscovered and reexamined the material with Douglas A. Lawson, it was most likely part of a ceratopsid's neck frill, probably part of the squamosal of Triceratops. This information reached Donald F. Glut's series of dinosaur encyclopedias in a confusing form; its entry states that a squamosal and tooth from South Dakota were referred to the genus, and these are what Brett-Surman and Lawson identified, keeping the supposed beak remains separate. Additionally, other major reviews have left the genus as an indeterminate hadrosaurid.

References

Ornithischian genera
Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
Nomina dubia
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
Melbourne University Publishing

Melbourne University Publishing (MUP) is the book publishing arm of the University of Melbourne. The press is currently a member of the Association of University Presses.

History
MUP was founded in 1922 as Melbourne University Press to sell text books and stationery to students, and soon began publishing books itself. Over the years scholarly works published under the MUP imprint have won numerous awards and prizes. The name Melbourne University Publishing was adopted for the business in 2003 following a restructure by the university, but books continue to be published under the Melbourne University Press imprint. The company's mandate was expressed by the tag line, "Books with Spine", which was coined by the writer Guy Rundle when Louise Adler asked him for a suitable motto. The tag line was later changed to "Australia's first university press".

The Miegunyah Press is an imprint of MUP, established in 1967 under a bequest from businessman and philanthropist Russell Grimwade, with the intention of subsidising the publication of illustrated scholarly works that would otherwise be uneconomic to publish. Grimwade's great-grandnephew Andrew Grimwade was its patron. Miegunyah is from an Aboriginal Australian language, meaning "my house".

Since 2008, the literary journal Meanjin is an editorially independent imprint of MUP.

Directors
1922–1932: Stanley Addison
1932–1942: Frank Wilmot
1943–1962: Gwyn James
1962–1988: Peter Ryan
1989: Brian Wilder
1990–1994: John Iremonger
1994: Andrew Watson (Acting)
1994–1996: Brian Wilder
1996–2002: John Meckan
2002–2019: Louise Adler
2019–current: Nathan Hollier

See also
 List of university presses

References

Further reading

External links
 

Australian companies established in 1922
Book publishing companies of Australia
University of Melbourne
University presses of Australia
Publishing companies established in 1922
Amfepramone

Amfepramone, also known as diethylpropion, is a stimulant drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and cathinone classes that is used as an appetite suppressant. It is used in the short-term management of obesity, along with dietary and lifestyle changes. Amfepramone has a similar chemical structure to the antidepressant and smoking cessation aid bupropion (previously called amfebutamone), which has also been developed as a weight-loss medicine when in a combination product with naltrexone.

Pharmacology 
Amfepramone itself lacks any affinity for the monoamine transporters and instead functions as a prodrug to ethcathinone. Ethcathinone (and therefore amfepramone as well) is a very weak dopaminergic and serotonergic, and is approximately 10x and 20x stronger on norepinephrine in comparison, respectively.

Chemistry
Amfepramone can be synthesized from propiophenone by bromination, followed by reaction with diethylamine.

Society and culture

Names
Another medically utilized name is diethylpropion (British Approved Name (BAN) and Australian Approved Name (AAN)). Chemical names include: α-methyl-β-keto-N,N-diethylphenethylamine, N,N-diethyl-β-ketoamphetamine and N,N-diethylcathinone. Brand names include: Anorex, Linea, Nobesine, Prefamone, Regenon, Tepanil and Tenuate.

Legal status 
Amfepramone is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the United States. In the UK amfepramone is a class C drug  and as a medicine, it is a Schedule 3 Controlled Drug which requires safe custody.

As of June 2022, the safety committee of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommends the withdrawal of marketing authorizations for amfepramone.

Recreational use 
The authors of several studies of amfepramone claim that the substance has a relatively low potential for causing addiction in users.

References 

Anorectics
Cathinones
Diethylamino compounds
Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents
Stimulants
Substituted amphetamines
Withdrawn drugs
World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances
Monte Gordo (Cape Verde)

Monte Gordo is a mountain on the island of São Nicolau, Cape Verde. At 1,312 m elevation, it is the island's highest point. It is situated in the western part of the island, 6 km west of the island capital Ribeira Brava. The mountain is of volcanic origin, less than 1 million years old. The boundary of the municipalities Tarrafal de São Nicolau and Ribeira Brava runs over the mountain. It is part of the Monte Gordo Natural Park.

Monte Gordo Natural Park

The Monte Gordo Natural Park (Portuguese: Parque Natural de Monte Gordo)) has been created to protect the typical humid mountain ecosystem. It was established on February 24, 2003, and is category V by the IUCN, The park area is 9.52 km2. It is one of the few places in Cape Verde where the original vegetation has been preserved. Some of the higher parts of the site are forested, especially around Monte Gordo where relatively high rainfall and frequent misty conditions cause the trees to be thickly covered with lichens.

The dominant vegetation in the park is forests of Pinus, Eucalyptus and Cupressus species. Endemic plant species include Euphorbia tuckeyana, Nauplius smithii, Echium stenosiphon, Sonchus daltonii, Aeonium gorgoneum and Campanula jacobaea. Fauna includes the Chioninia nicolauensis (São Nicolau skink), Cape Verde wall gecko (Tarentola caboverdiana), Fea's petrel (Pterodroma feae) and Cape Verde warbler (Acrocephalus brevipennis). The site has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International.

See also
List of mountains in Cape Verde

References

Gordo
Geography of São Nicolau, Cape Verde
Ribeira Brava, Cape Verde
Tarrafal de São Nicolau
Delamere railway station

Delamere railway station opened on 22 June 1870. It serves both the village of Delamere and Delamere Forest in Cheshire, England. The station is 9½ miles (15 km) east of Chester on the Mid-Cheshire Line. There is an hourly service each way between Chester and Manchester in each direction, with Delamere being previously operated as a request stop only until the Spring 2010 timetable change. The station marks one end of the Baker Way footpath.

Facilities
The station is unstaffed. A ticket vending machine is in place for purchase of tickets or promise to pay coupons and for the collection of pre-paid tickets.  The old station buildings are now privately owned and have been adapted for use as the 'Station House' cafe.  Waiting shelters, CIS displays and timetable information poster boards are provided on each platform - train running information is also available via a public telephone.  Step-free access is available to both platforms.

Services
The station gets one train per hour westbound to Chester and one train per hour eastbound to Manchester Piccadilly. 18 trains per day run to Chester, with 17 running towards Manchester. On Sundays, there is a two-hourly service each way, with 7 trains in each direction. The majority of services are run by Northern Class 150 trains, with some Class 156's also serving the station.

There have been repeated plans for a half-hourly service in each direction - it was a part of the 2015 franchise agreement - though this has been repeatedly delayed due to capacity constraints between Stockport and Manchester and is yet, as of January 2022, to be implemented. 

As of the December 2008 timetable, there were two additional weekday peak services to and from Stockport. On Sundays, a two-hourly service to Chester and Manchester was introduced, with the latter continuing to Southport, via Wigan Wallgate and Bolton.
Prior to the new service, trains to Manchester had not operated on Sundays since the early 1990s. Passengers had to change at Altrincham on to the Manchester Metrolink to continue their journeys. 

Services beyond Manchester were terminated in the May 2010 timetable change, with all current trains now calling at Manchester Piccadilly and no further.

Proposed future developments
As part of Northern's proposed December 2022 timetable (which focuses on additional services within the Manchester area), an additional 4 trains per day between Chester and Stockport (2 in each direction) have been proposed during peak hours on Mondays to Saturdays. These services are aimed at those who are commuting to and/or working in Manchester and Stockport. This change will increase the number of trains departing Chester on the line to 20 per day, with the number departing Stockport also increased to 20 per day. The 2 hourly Sunday service will remain the same, at 7 trains per day.

References

Further reading

Railway stations in Cheshire
DfT Category F1 stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1870
Former Cheshire Lines Committee stations
Northern franchise railway stations

External links

  Mid-Cheshire Community Rail Partnership
Durgerdam

Durgerdam is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Amsterdam, and lies about 7 km east of the city centre, along the dyke of the IJmeer.

Durgerdam is a part of the deelgemeente (sub-municipality) Amsterdam-Noord. The village has about 430 inhabitants.

Durgerdam was a separate municipality between 1 May 1817, and 1 January 1818, when it was merged with Ransdorp.

Durgerdam hosted the second "Pit Stop" on The Amazing Race 12, a reality television show that circles the globe.

References

Populated places in North Holland
Former municipalities of North Holland
Amsterdam-Noord
Geography of Amsterdam
"Coelosaurus" antiquus

"Coelosaurus" antiquus ("antique hollow lizard") is a dubious species of theropod dinosaurs. It was named by Joseph Leidy in 1865 for two tibiae found in the Navesink Formation of New Jersey.

This species was later reclassified as a member of the genus Ornithomimus in 1979 by Donald Baird and John R. Horner as Ornithomimus antiquus, and this was followed by some later researchers. However, others have not followed this classification, and have noted that there is no justification for the classification of the New Jersey specimens in a genus known only from western North America. David Weishampel in 2004 considered "C." antiquus to be indeterminate among ornithomimosaurs, and therefore a nomen dubium.

In 1979, Baird and Horner discovered that the name "Coelosaurus" was preoccupied by another dubious taxon (based on a single vertebra), named Coelosaurus by an anonymous author now known to be Richard Owen in 1854.

Ornithomimid material known from the Severn Formation of Maryland and the Mooreville Chalk and Blufftown formations of Alabama and Georgia have also been assigned to this species. A specimen once assigned to Coelosaurus that was discovered in the Merchantville Formation of Delaware during the 1970s has since been assigned to "Cryptotyrannus".

See also
 Timeline of ornithomimosaur research

References

Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1865
Ornithomimids
Paleontology in New Jersey
Maastrichtian species
Nomina dubia
Cretaceous New Jersey
Norah Beare

Norah Beare (born 25 May 1946, Banbridge, County Down) is a former Northern Irish unionist politician who served as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Lagan Valley from 2003 to 2007.

She was elected as an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) candidate in the Assembly election of 2003; however, she defected to the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) in 2004 along with Jeffrey Donaldson MP, MLA for Lagan Valley and Arlene Foster, MLA for Fermanagh and South Tyrone.

Norah Beare worked for forty years as a secretary in a number of different companies and then became in 1997 the Personal Assistant to Jeffrey Donaldson. Beare was elected to the Banbridge, County Down council in 2001 as a UUP candidate. On Donaldson's advice she was selected as the third UUP candidate for the November 2003 Northern Ireland Assembly elections.

In December 2003 she resigned, with Donaldson and Arlene Foster, from the UUP and subsequently joined the DUP in January 2004. In 2005 she was re-elected to the council as a DUP politician. In January 2007, Beare was not selected by the Lagan Valley DUP association to fight the next Northern Ireland Assembly elections due in early March 2007.

Beare was elected chairman of Banbridge District Council in 2008. She is DUP Party Spokesperson for Health and Social Services.

References

1946 births
Living people
Members of Banbridge District Council
Democratic Unionist Party councillors
Ulster Unionist Party councillors
People from Banbridge
Northern Ireland MLAs 2003–2007
Female members of the Northern Ireland Assembly
Ulster Unionist Party MLAs
Democratic Unionist Party MLAs
Women councillors in Northern Ireland
Fort Sherman

Fort Sherman is a former United States Army base in Panama, located on Toro Point at the Caribbean (northern) end of the Panama Canal, on the western bank of the Canal directly opposite Colón (which is on the eastern bank). It was the primary defensive base for the Caribbean sector of the Canal, and was also the center for US jungle warfare training for some time. Its Pacific-side partner was Fort Amador. Both bases were turned over to Panama in 1999.

History

Concurrent with the Canal construction a number of defensive locations were developed to protect it, both with coastal defense guns, as well as military bases to defend against a direct infantry assault. Fort Sherman was the primary Caribbean-side infantry base, while Fort Amador protected the Pacific side. Construction of Fort Sherman began in January 1912 as a phase of the original 1910 defensive plans. Fort Sherman was named by War Department General Order No. 153 dated November 24, 1911, in honor of General William Tecumseh Sherman.

The Fort included  of land, about half of which was covered by jungle. The developed areas included housing, barracks for 300, a small airstrip and various recreational areas.  Sherman was the site of the US's first operationally deployed early warning radar when an SCR-270 was installed there in 1941.

Batteries
The fort contained the following batteries
 Battery Baird  4 12-inch mortars
 Battery Howard 4 12-inch mortars
 Battery Stanley 1 14-inch disappearing gun
 Battery Mower 1 14-inch disappearing gun
 Battery Kilpatrick 2 6-inch disappearing guns
 Battery Sedgwick Pratt 2 12-inch M1895 barbettes
 Battery Alexander Mackenzie 2 12-inch barbettes

During WW1 supplemental shore batteries were added on or near Fort Sherman using field pieces.
 4 155-mm guns
 4 75-mm guns

Modern use
After the decommissioning of the U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps, the forested area was used by the United States Army South (USARSO) Jungle Operations Training Center (JOTC). JOTC was founded in 1951 to train both US and allied Central American forces in jungle warfare, with an enrollment of about 9,000 a year. The JOTC also taught a ten-day Air Crew Survival Course open to all branches of service and a four-week Engineer Jungle Warfare Course. Upon completion of the course the Jungle Expert Patch was awarded.

Between 1966 and 1979, 1,160 sounding rockets with maximum flight altitudes of 99 kilometres were launched from Fort Sherman.
Fort Sherman was used in the filming of the 2008 James Bond film Quantum of Solace.

See also
 List of former United States military installations in Panama

Notes

References
 Military Railroads on the Panama Canal Zone by Charles S. Small, Railroad monographs 1982

External links
 Wikimapia: Map of Fort Sherman

Closed installations of the United States Army
Historic American Buildings Survey in the former Panama Canal Zone
Military installations of the United States in Panama
Panama Canal
Reverse stratigraphy

Reverse stratigraphy (sometimes known as inverted stratigraphy) is the result of a process whereby one sediment is unearthed by human or natural actions and moved elsewhere, whereby the latest material will be deposited on the bottom of the new sediment, and progressively earlier material will be deposited higher and higher in the stratigraphy. Such events can be triggered by rockslides, tree throws, or other events which cause the strata of a deposit to be flipped or reversed. In archeological excavations a common cause of inversions in the stratigraphy is the collapse of walls on river banks or other raised mounds where deposits which have been cut through behind the wall prior to collapse slip over the collapsed structure resulting in the structure being under the deposits that originated earlier in time. In this case care must be taken to re-context the slipped deposits so the event of slippage appears in the correct place stratigraphically in the Harris matrix. There are numerous process that can reverse the stratigraphy or more accurately redeposit it. Many rely on slope processes, however other instances where deposits containing material later than overlying deposits occur in such features as drains or hypocaust systems. In these instances a clear understanding of the direction of "UP" and site formation processes is essential. Drains or hypocaust systems often have later material deposited within them during their "use", which may be much much later than either their initial construction or indeed the construction, use and disuse of the floors above them. Other human intervention, such as altering the ground level for architectural purposes by way of filling, can lead to an inversion of the stratigraphic layers.

See also
 Archaeological association
 Archaeological section
 Feature (archaeology)
 Single context recording

References

Stratigraphy
Methods in archaeology
Minissima

The Minissima is a small concept city car that was designed by William Towns (as the Townscar) as his idea for a replacement for the Mini in 1972. It was displayed by BLMC on their stand at the 1973 London Motor Show after they bought the prototype from Towns.

In common with the Mini it was designed around 10" wheels and the BMC A-Series engine. It is 30" (75 cm) shorter than the Mini and designed to park end-on to the curb (like the Smart Fortwo), having only one door - at the rear. It has four seats, two at the front, front facing, and two facing inwards at the rear.

The Minissina design re-emerged a few years later as a prototype car for the disabled, adapted by engineering firm GKN Sankey by ex Ford engineer Fred Hart. During the engineering process, the layout changed to feature a central driving position in which a wheelchair user would enter through the back door using a fold-down rear ramp, and drive off. The styling was simplified by William Towns to suit mass production and won a Design Council award in 1978, it did not gain government support due to high costs and the project was cancelled.

GKN sold the rights to British bicycle manufacturer Elswick, and a small number were manufactured from 1981 to 1987 and were sold as the Elswick Envoy. In 2007, an Elswick Envoy was the subject of a 24-minute short film, Elegy for the Elswick Envoy, which shared the prize for best documentary in the 2008 Aspen Shortsfest film festival.

References

An article about the car written by British motoring journalist, Paul Walton, was printed in the August 2008 edition of Classic & Sportscar magazine

Concept cars
Cars of England
Microcars
British Leyland vehicles
Ransdorp

Ransdorp is a village in the province of North Holland, Netherlands, part of the municipality of Amsterdam. It lies about 7 km northeast of the city centre, in the Landelijk Noord district. Ransdorp is a part of the borough (Dutch: stadsdeel) Amsterdam-Noord and has about 245 inhabitants.

In 1840, the village had 292 inhabitants, living in 44 houses. Ransdorp was a separate municipality until 1921, when it merged with Amsterdam so that the Government of Amsterdam could ensure that the village's infrastructure was well-maintained. The municipality also covered the villages of Durgerdam, Holysloot and Schellingwoude. The village has an exceptional number of buildings labelled as Rijksmonumenten; its church is the best known. The village's main sources of revenue are dairy farming and tourism. Ransdorp is served by public bus lines operated by the Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf (GVB).

Ransdorp was visited by the American reality television show The Amazing Race 12 in 2007. Contestants had to perform a traditional fierljeppen river vault before completing the "leg" at a local yacht club in Durgerdam. The show returned to the village five years later on The Amazing Race 21 to perform a "Switchback" of fierljeppen task again before ending the leg near the church of Ransdorp. In 2016, the village was featured on the Chinese reality show Race the World as the site of a geese herding task. In 2020, the village appeared on the Israeli reality show HaMerotz LaMillion 8 as the site of a fierljeppen task.

References

External links

Former municipalities of North Holland
Neighbourhoods of Amsterdam
Amsterdam-Noord
Cuddington railway station

Cuddington railway station serves the village of Cuddington in Cheshire, England.  Opened in 1869 by the West Cheshire Railway, it is located  north east of .  It has won a number of awards for its gardens, which are maintained by local volunteers.

Facilities
The station is unstaffed, but as of 2021 has a ticket machine on the Manchester-bound platform for purchase of tickets on the day, and collection of advance purchase tickets.  Like neighbouring , the main building still stands and has been converted for private use (in this case as an art gallery).  Standard waiting shelters are provided on each platform, with train running information offered via CIS displays, timetable poster boards and a pay phone.  Step-free access is officially only possible to the Manchester-bound platform although there is a level crossing at the western end of the platform which is frequently used.

Services
The station gets one train per hour westbound to Chester and one train per hour eastbound to Manchester Piccadilly. 18 trains per day run to Chester, with 17 running towards Manchester. On Sundays, there is a two-hourly service each way, with 7 trains in each direction. The majority of services are run by Northern Class 150 trains, with some Class 156's also serving the station.

There have been repeated plans for a half-hourly service in each direction - it was a part of the 2015 franchise agreement - though this has been repeatedly delayed due to capacity constraints between Stockport and Manchester and is yet, as of January 2022, to be implemented. 

As of the December 2008 timetable, there were two additional weekday peak services to and from Stockport. On Sundays, a two-hourly service to Chester and Manchester was introduced, with the latter continuing to Southport, via Wigan Wallgate and Bolton.
Prior to the new service, trains to Manchester had not operated on Sundays since the early 1990s. Passengers had to change at Altrincham on to the Manchester Metrolink to continue their journeys. 

Services beyond Manchester were terminated in the May 2010 timetable change, with all current trains now calling at Manchester Piccadilly and no further.

Proposed future developments
As part of Northern's proposed December 2022 timetable (which focuses on additional services within the Manchester area), an additional 4 trains per day between Chester and Stockport (2 in each direction) have been proposed during peak hours on Mondays to Saturdays. These services are aimed at those who are commuting to and/or working in Manchester and Stockport. This change will increase the number of trains departing Chester on the line to 20 per day, with the number departing Stockport also increased to 20 per day. The 2 hourly Sunday service will remain the same, at 7 trains per day.

References

Further reading

External links

  Mid-Cheshire Community Rail Partnership

Railway stations in Cheshire
DfT Category F2 stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1869
Former Cheshire Lines Committee stations
Northern franchise railway stations
1869 establishments in England
Al-Qa'im

Al-Qāʾim, al-Qaim, or al-Ḳāʾim (, "the riser") may refer to:

People
 al-Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad, a messiah-like figure in Shi'a Islam, similar to the Mahdi
 People with full name or honorific al-Qāʾim bi-amr Allāh  ("the one raised by [or 'who carries out'] God's order"):
 Muhammad al-Mahdi (869–?), 12th Shia imam, also called Muhammad al-Qa'im
 al-Qa'im (Fatimid caliph) (r.934–946), the second Fatimid caliph in Ifriqiya 
 al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Baghdad) (1031–1075), son of al-Qadir  
Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im, 11th century Abbasid prince and father of caliph Al-Muqtadi.
 Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Faraj, rival sultan to Muhammad IV of Granada in 1327
 al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Cairo) (f. 1451–1455), caliph under Mamluk authority
 Abu Abdallah al-Qaim (fl. 1509–1517), ruler of Sous in Morocco

Places
 Al-Qa'im District, a district of Iraq
 Al-Qa'im (town), a town situated in the above district
 Al-Qa'im border crossing, between Syria and Iraq
Ray Bray

Raymond Robert Bray (February 1, 1917 – December 26, 1993) was an American professional football player who was an offensive guard and defensive lineman for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He served in the U.S. Navy from 1943–1945.

His football career began at Western State Normal School (now known as Western Michigan University) where he played football from 1936–1938. He was drafted in the ninth round of the 1939 NFL Draft.

He was born in Caspian, Michigan.

References

1917 births
1993 deaths
Players of American football from Michigan
American football defensive linemen
Western Michigan Broncos football players
Chicago Bears players
Green Bay Packers players
Western Conference Pro Bowl players
People from Iron County, Michigan
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Holysloot

Holysloot is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Amsterdam, and lies about 9 km northeast of the city centre. The name Holysloot probably derives from an expression for a "low-lying area at a ditch".

Holysloot is a part of the deelgemeente (sub-municipality) Amsterdam-Noord. The village has about 160 inhabitants.

Holysloot was a separate municipality between 1 May 1817 and 1 January 1818, when it was merged with Ransdorp.

References

Populated places in North Holland
Former municipalities of North Holland
Geography of Amsterdam
Amsterdam-Noord
List of University of Waterloo people

The University of Waterloo, located in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, is a comprehensive public university that was founded in 1957 by Drs. Gerry Hagey and Ira G. Needles. It has grown into an institution of more than 42,000 students, faculty, and staff. The school is notable for being the first accredited university in North America to create a Faculty of Mathematics, which is now the world's largest, and to have the largest cooperative education program in the world. The school is also known for having more companies formed by its faculty, students, and alumni than any other Canadian university, and as such, the university has been called the "MIT of the North".

The list is drawn from notable faculty, alumni, staff, and former university presidents. The enrollment for 2020 was 36,057 undergraduate and 6,231 graduate students, with 1,350 faculty members and 2,596 staff. About 221,000 people have graduated from the university, and now reside in over 150 countries.

Alumni and faculty
Fields with a "—" have unknown values.

Alumni

Faculty

Administration

Chancellors

Presidents

References

Waterloo
lists
University of Waterloo
Cumnoria

Cumnoria is a genus of herbivorous iguanodontian dinosaur. It was a basal iguanodontian that lived during the Late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian age) in what is now Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Description
The holotype of Cumnoria is of a rather small bipedal animal with a slender build. about 3.5 metres (11.4 feet) long, The specimen is probably that of a juvenile though.

History of discovery
Cumnoria is known from the holotype OXFUM J.3303, a partial skull and postcranium, recovered from the lower Kimmeridge Clay Formation, in the Chawley Brick Pits, Cumnor Hurst. Workers at first discarded the remains on a dump heap, but one of them later collected the bones in a sack and showed them to Professor George Rolleston, an anatomist at the nearby Oxford University. Rolleston in turn brought them to the attention of palaeontologist Professor Joseph Prestwich who in 1879 reported them as a new species of Iguanodon, though without actually coining a species name. In 1880 Prestwich published an article on the geological stratigraphy of the find. The same year John Whitaker Hulke named the species Iguanodon prestwichii, the specific epithet honouring Prestwich.

In 1888, Harry Govier Seeley decided the taxon represented a new and separate genus which he named Cumnoria after Cumnor, the village where it was discovered. Its type species Iguanodon prestwichii was thus recombined into Cumnoria prestwichii — though Seeley spelled the epithet as prestwichi. The genus was quickly abandoned however: already in 1889 Richard Lydekker assigned the species to Camptosaurus, as Camptosaurus prestwichii. This opinion was generally accepted for over a century. In 1980 Peter Galton provided the first modern description of the species.

In 1998 David Norman concluded that Seeley's original generic distinction was valid. In 2008 this was supported by Darren Naish and David Martill. In 2010 and 2011 cladistic analyses by Andrew T. McDonald confirmed this by showing that Cumnoria had a separate phylogenetic position from Camptosaurus dispar. However, in 2015, Uteodon and Cumnoria were synonymized with Camptosaurus, but as distinct species. Maidment et al. (2023) also considered Cumnoria to be distinct from Camptosaurus.

Classification
Camptosaurus prestwichii was traditionally assigned to the Camptosauridae. In the new analyses of McDonald Cumnoria has instead been recovered as a basal member of the Styracosterna, more closely related to more derived ("advanced") iguanodontians than to Camptosaurus dispar. Cumnoria would then be the oldest known styracostern.

Maidment et al. (2023) instead recovered Cumnoria as a non-ankylopollexian iguanodontian.

References

Iguanodonts
Kimmeridgian life
Late Jurassic dinosaurs of Europe
Jurassic England
Fossils of England
Fossil taxa described in 1888
Taxa named by Harry Seeley
Ornithischian genera
Monk's Blues

Monk's Blues is an album by Thelonious Monk accompanied by a big band arranged and conducted by Oliver Nelson. Originally released by Columbia Records in 1968, it was re-released on CD in 1994. Produced by Teo Macero, the album was recorded in Los Angeles by Monk's working quartet augmented by a group of Hollywood studio musicians.

Track listing

Side One
 "Let's Cool One" - 3:47
 "Reflections" - 4:35
 "Rootie Tootie" - 7:35
 "Just a Glance at Love" (Teo Macero) - 2:52
 "Brilliant Corners" - 3:52

Side Two
 "Consecutive Seconds" (Macero) - 2:41
 "Monk's Point" - 8:03
 "Trinkle, Tinkle" - 4:59
 "Straight, No Chaser" - 7:20

CD Bonus Tracks
 "Blue Monk" - 6:14
 "'Round Midnight" - 4:13

All compositions by Thelonious Monk, except where noted. Arranged by Oliver Nelson.

Personnel
The Quartet
 Thelonious Sphere Monk - piano
 Charlie Rouse - tenor saxophone
 Larry Gales - bass
 Ben Riley - drums

Additional musicians
 Oliver Nelson – conductor
 Buddy Collette, Tom Scott, Gene Cipriano & Ernie Small - saxophone
 Bobby Bryant, Conte Candoli & Freddie Hill - trumpet
 Lou Blackburn, Bob Bralinger, Billy Byers & Mike Wimberly - trombone
 Howard Roberts - guitar
 John Guerin - drums

References

1968 albums
Thelonious Monk albums
Columbia Records albums
Albums produced by Teo Macero
Games magazine

Games magazine may refer to:

 Games (magazine), an American magazine about general games
 GamesTM, a British video games magazine
 List of game magazines and :Category:Game magazines
Thoughts Are Thought

Thoughts Are Thought is Swift's debut album, released in 1999 on Blackbird Productions, and was rereleased in 2003 through Tribunal Records. It was re-released with bonus content on an enhanced CD featuring the video for the song "Titanic".

Track listing
"Diamond" – 4:27
"Titanic" – 3:38
"Younge" – 3:32
"Perhaps" – 3:36
"Why" – 3:23
"Swell Guy" – 3:12
"Whack It" – 3:20
"Feminine" – 3:45
"Enjoy the Silence" (Depeche Mode Cover) – 12:02

Credits
 Gary Forsyth - vocals
 Mikey Gentle - guitar
 Billy Deal - bass
 Jamie King - drums

Swift (band) albums
1999 debut albums
Craig Joiner

Craig Joiner (born 21 April 1974) is a Scottish retired rugby union player who won 25 caps playing on the wing for the Scottish rugby union side between 1994 and 2000.

Early life
Craig Joiner born on 21 April 1974 in Glasgow, Scotland. He was educated at Merchiston Castle School.

Rugby career
He joined Leicester Tigers, and often played at outside centre, but returned to Scotland in 2000. He joined Stewart's Melville RFC in 2005.

Personal life
He is the brother of racing cyclist Charline Joiner.

Joiner retired from professional rugby in 2015 to pursue a career in investment management.  He initially joined Cornelian Asset Managers where he undertook his professional qualifications before moving on to join Standard Life in 2010.

References

External links
 Craig Joiner on Sporting Heroes

1974 births
Living people
Scottish rugby union players
People educated at Merchiston Castle School
Leicester Tigers players
Alumni of Loughborough University
Scotland international rugby union players
Melrose RFC players
Edinburgh Rugby players
Stewart's Melville RFC players
Rugby union players from Glasgow
Rugby union centres
1995 Rugby World Cup players
Jamie Mayer

Michael James MacKenzie Mayer (born 16 April 1977) is a former professional rugby union player who played centre at Bristol, Leeds and representing Scotland.

Early life
Jamie Mayer was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was educated at Merchiston Castle School, George Watson's College and played for Scottish schools. He studied at Napier University.

Club career
He established himself at centre for Edinburgh Reivers. Mayer moved to Leeds from Bristol in 2001, he stayed for one season and scored six tries in the 12 games that he played. Mayer made his debut against Bath and scored his first try against Pontypridd. A strong runner and powerful defender he was hoping to establish himself and Leeds in the top flight and also regain his position in the Scottish international ranks. Mayer's first season ended unhappily with him sustaining a severe hamstring injury just as he was beginning to cement a starting spot in the team and running into some form and a few tries. He struggled with fitness and suffered with injuries leading him to give up professional rugby where upon he returned to Watsonians to see out the remainder of his playing years.

International career
Mayer won 8 caps between 1998 and 2000.

After rugby
After his rugby career had ended early due to injury, he worked as an investment management consultant in Edinburgh.He has 4children. Twins Mollie and Max were born in 2004 and second set of twins Charlie and Jack were born in 2005.

References

External links
Jamie Mayer on Sporting Heroes

1977 births
Living people
Scottish rugby union players
People educated at Merchiston Castle School
People educated at George Watson's College
Rugby union players from Edinburgh
Alumni of Edinburgh Napier University
Scotland international rugby union players
Rugby union centres
1999 Rugby World Cup players
UNCAF Interclub Cup

The UNCAF Club Tournament was an annual international football competition held in the UNCAF region (Central America). The competition was open to the leading domestic club teams in the region. The winners of each national league qualified automatically. It also provided qualification places for the CONCACAF Champions' Cup, to which the top three teams advanced. Starting in 2008, all of the Central American nations have one or two teams qualifying directly to the expanded CONCACAF Champions League, thus this tournament ceased to be played.

The tournament had been known as the Copa Fraternidad Centroamericana from 1971 to 1983. It was discontinued between 1983 and 1996, when it was revived as the Torneo Grandes de Centroamerica. In 1998, the tournament was renamed Copa Interclubes UNCAF. It was held on an annual basis between 1998 and the last edition played in 2007.

In 2016, a new women's tournament was introduced.

All-time table
 From 1999 to 2007, only top 10 showing.

Results

By club

By country

Women's tournament

In 2016, the Central American Football Union revived the competition by inaugurating a tournament open to women's clubs.  Costa Rican side Moravia obtained the first tournament contested in Costa Rica.  As opposed to the men's cup, this tournament is played in a fixed host.

See also
 CONCACAF League
 CONCACAF Central American Cup

References

External links 
RSSSF archive

 
Central American Football Union competitions
Defunct CONCACAF club competitions
Recurring sporting events established in 1971
Recurring events disestablished in 2007
1971 establishments in North America
2007 disestablishments in North America
Aurimas Kučys

Aurimas Kučys (born 22 February 1981) is a Lithuanian former professional football midfielder.

International career
Kučys has represented Lithuania at under-21 level. He has also made 17 appearances for the senior Lithuania national football team.

Personal life
His son Armandas Kučys is also a football player.

Playing career

* - played games and goals

Honours
Ekranas Panevezys
 A Lyga
 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012
 Lithuanian Football Cup
 2000, 2010, 2011

National Team
 Baltic Cup
 2005

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Panevėžys
Lithuanian men's footballers
Lithuania men's international footballers
Lithuanian expatriate men's footballers
FC Daugava players
FC Naftovyk Okhtyrka players
FK Daugava (2003) players
Expatriate men's footballers in Latvia
Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine
Lithuanian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine
Lithuanian expatriate sportspeople in Latvia
Men's association football midfielders