alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Wrząca Pomorska railway station

Wrząca Pomorska is a PKP railway station in Wrząca Pomorska (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services

The station is served by the following services:
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek — Chojnice

References 

Wrząca Pomorska article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 7 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Słupsk County
Llyn Padarn

Llyn Padarn is a glacially formed lake in Snowdonia, Gwynedd, north Wales, and is an example of a moraine dammed lake. The lake is approximately  long (about 240 acres) and at its deepest point is  deep, and is one of the largest natural lakes in Wales. At its south-eastern end it is linked to the neighbouring Llyn Peris (which forms the lower reservoir of the Dinorwig power station). The busy village of Llanberis lies on the southern banks of the lake.

Most of Llyn Padarn is owned by Gwynedd Council and is part of Padarn Country Park. Whilst kayaking, rowing and sailing are permitted on the lake, powered craft require permission to use it. Bangor University Rowing Club row at Llyn Padarn.

In April 2014 Llyn Padarn was designated as Bathing Water under the Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC).

The outflow of Llyn Padarn is on the northern shore and is called Afon Rhythallt, which passes by the village of Brynrefail, Gwynedd and becomes Afon Seiont below Pont Rhythallt, near Llanrug. It reaches the sea at Caernarfon.

Padarn Country Park is located on the northern flank of the lake, including Coed Allt Wen, a rare and ancient sessile oak woodland. Both the woodland and Llyn Padarn are designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest.

The Llanberis Lake Railway also runs along its eastern bank and various recreational activities take place on the lake, especially during the summer. These include canoeing, boating and fishing. The lake was the venue for the rowing events of the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games.

Former local bus company Padarn Bus, which operated between 1979 and 2014 from a base at nearby Llanberis, was named after the lake.

Llyn Padarn is named after Padarn, an early 6th century saint, who has a church dedicated to him in Llanberis.

1993 RAF Helicopter Crash
In 1993, an RAF Westland Wessex helicopter suffered a rotor failure, and crashed into the lake, killing three Air Training Corps Cadets, Christopher Bailey (15) from Horwich, Mark Oakden (16) and Amanda Whitehead (17) from Bury, and injuring one.

References

External links 

www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Llyn Padarn and surrounding area

Llanberis
Llanddeiniolen
Padarn
Tourism in Gwynedd
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in West Gwynedd
Julianadorp

Julianadorp, is a town in North Holland, Netherlands. It is part of the municipality of Den Helder. It lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 miles) south of the town of Den Helder, north of the municipality of Schagen and west of Hollands Kroon.

History
It was formed in 1909, and named after Princess Juliana who was born that same year. Entrepreneur Pieter Loopuyt asked Queen Wilhelmina in October 1909 for permission to name the village after the newborn princess. Permission was granted. During World War II, Julianadorp changed its name to Loopuytdorp, because the Germans were not pleased with the link to the Dutch Royal family. After the war, the village got its original name back.

Economics and recreation 
Because of its vicinity to the beach and its many hours of sunshine (on average 1650-1700 per year), Julianadorp is a popular tourist destination. The western part of Julianadorp, located at the seaside, is called Julianadorp aan Zee (English: Julianadorp at Sea). There are eight holiday parks and several smaller farm campsites, minicampings and bed and breakfasts.

Shopping centers 
There are three shopping centers in Julianadorp:

 Loopuytpark
 Dorperweerth
 De Riepel

Julianapop 
Julianapop is a yearly music festival that is held in Julianadorp in June. The first edition was in 1993, and was organized by cultural organization Julianadorp Vooruit. After the first edition, Julianapop split ways with Julianadorp Vooruit and since 1994 it has been organized by an independent foundation. It used to be held at the IJsclub Julianadorp ice skating rink, but since 2017 Julianapop has outgrown that location and is now held in a nearby field.

Population
In 2001, the town of Julianadorp had 14,359 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 3.12 km², and contained 5,280 residences. The statistical district "Julianadorp", which covers the village and the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 14,710.

References

Populated places in North Holland
Den Helder
Yaldwyn's triplefin

Yaldwyn's triplefin (Notoclinops yaldwyni) is a fish of the genus Notoclinops, found around the North Island of New Zealand from low water to depths of about 5 metres, most common in reef areas of broken rock, but nowhere common.  Its length is between 4 and 8 centimetres.  It is a pale yellow-brown with a faint orange tinge to the head, and two or three rows of small black dots on the flanks.

The male's breeding colours are dark orange on the head and forepart of the body, and yellow on the rest.

Its common name and its specific name both honour the marine biologist John C. Yaldwyn (1929-2005) who was the Director of the National Museum of New Zealand and whose name had been associated with this blenny since 1972.

References

 
 Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand,  (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982) 

Yaldwyn's triplefin
Endemic marine fish of New Zealand
Fish described in 1987
Chancellor's School

Chancellor's School is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in Brookmans Park, Hertfordshire, England.

History
The school opened in 1964, marking the end of a campaign by parents and local residents for the village to have its own secondary school. The school was named after Thomas More, though the education authority that named the school, Hertfordshire County Council, mistakenly believed that More previously occupied part of the land on which the school was built. Lilian Caras's book, Chancellor's School - The Background, sets out the circumstances leading up to the building of the school and charts its development. The school became a specialist in mathematics and ICT 2006 with its continued investment in these areas.

Chancellor's School's GCSE standards continued to rise up until 2003-2004 when it reached its record of over 73% of pupils passed GCSE with at least 5 Cs.

Previously a foundation school administered by Hertfordshire County Council, in July 2019 Chancellor's School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by the Danes Educational Trust.

Houses 
The house system was re-introduced in 2012 and made up of six houses, all named after Lord Chancellors: Arundel, Becket, Hailsham, More, Somers and Wolsey. In 2019, Yorke house was added.

References

External links
Chancellor's' School official website
Content Source
School Table For Chancellor's
Chancellor's Ofsted Report

Secondary schools in Hertfordshire
Academies in Hertfordshire
1964 establishments in England
Educational institutions established in 1964
Discalced Augustinians

The Order of Discalced Augustinians (; abbreviation: OAD) is a mendicant order that branched off from the Order of Saint Augustine as a reform movement.

History
During the Counter-Reformation, there was a special interest among the Augustinian friars in the theological debates of the day, as well as a need to return to the roots of their way of life. 

In an effort to seek a more simple and spiritual life, various friars banded together and followed a pattern seen in other mendicant orders, in which simplicity of dress and a stricter form of a life of prayer and penance were embraced. The Discalced Augustinians were formed in 1610 in Italy as a reform movement of the Order and have their own constitutions, differing from those of the other Augustinians.   

Among the Augustinians, there also was an effort to return to the eremitical origins of their Order. Their fasts are more rigorous and their other ascetic practices stricter. As with the Carmelite reform of the same period, these friars came to be known by their practice of wearing sandals, as opposed to shoes (thus the term discalced or barefoot), in an effort to live more like the poor.

This reform was approved by the 100th General Chapter of the Augustinian friars, which was held during May 1592 at the Friary of St. Augustine in Rome, motherhouse of the entire Order. The new branch which thus developed was approved by the Vatican as a separate Order in 1610.

Their current motherhouse is in Rome. Discalced Augustinians take a special fourth vow of humility. 

As of 2018, there were about 220 friars, of which 144 were priests, in 38 houses located in Italy, Brazil and the Philippines.

Nuns
Towards the end of the 16th century communities of female Discalced Augustinians appeared in Spain. The first convent, that of the Visitation, was founded at Madrid, in 1589, by Prudencia Grillo, a lady of noble birth, and received its Constitution from Father Alfonso of Orozco. Juan de Ribera, Archbishop of Valencia (d. 1611), founded a second Discalced Augustinian congregation at Alcoy, in 1597. It soon had houses in different parts of Spain, and in 1663 was established at Lisbon by Queen Louise of Portugal. In addition to the Rule of St. Augustine these religious observed the exercises of the Reformed Carmelites of St. Teresa.

A congregation of Augustinian nuns under the title "Sisters of St. Ignatius" was introduced into the Philippines and South America by the Discalced Augustinian Hermits. They worked zealously in aid of the missions, schools and orphanages in the island, and founded the colleges of Our Lady of Consolation and of St. Anne at Manila, and houses at Neuva Segovia, Cebú and Mandaloya on the Pasig, where they have done much for the education of girls.

Notable members
 Thomas of Jesus

References

External links
The website of the Order (the English version is under construction)
Address of Pope Francis to the General Chapter of the OAD, 2019

Augustinian Order
 
Discalced Augustinians Order
Ross Burden

Ross Kelvin Burden (16 December 1968 – 17 July 2014) was a celebrity chef from New Zealand. His early career was as a model and he became a chef later in life inspired by the  time spent cooking with his grandmother.

Career
Burden's professional television career began after he reached the final of the BBC series MasterChef 1993. He frequently appeared on Ready Steady Cook for at least eight years, filmed a healthy-eating video with Joan Collins, and made at least five series for Taste.

Burden published at least two books and wrote columns for two magazines. In May 2006, he appeared on The X Factor: Battle of the Stars along with fellow chefs Jean-Christophe Novelli, Aldo Zilli and Paul Rankin. In 2010, Burden judged the first season of MasterChef New Zealand with Simon Gault and Ray McVinnie.

Personal life and death
Burden was born in Napier, New Zealand, and brought up in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. A self-taught cook, Burden hosted and was a guest on programmes across the world. He was once voted one of the UK's most eligible bachelors. He was gay.

Burden died in Auckland on 17 July 2014 of an infection relating to treatment for leukaemia. In November 2014, it was revealed Burden had died of Legionnaires' disease due to the infected water supply in the hospital.

References

1968 births
2014 deaths
British television chefs
Gay entertainers
New Zealand gay writers
New Zealand expatriates in England
People from Napier, New Zealand
The X Factor (British TV series) contestants
Cesarani

Cesarani is the name of:
David Cesarani (1956–2015), English historian who specialised in Jewish history
Sal Cesarani (1939–), American fashion designer
Słonowice railway station

Słonowice is a PKP railway station in Słonowice, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.

It was originally built to serve the estate of Groß Schlönwitz, then the property of the von Blumenthal family.

Lines crossing the station

Train services

The station is served by the following services:
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek — Chojnice

References 

Słonowice article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 7 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Słupsk County
Friese Buurt

Friese Buurt is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Den Helder, and lies about 3 km south of the Den Helder city centre. The name ("Frisian Neighbourhood") refers to the Frisian farmers who moved here after this area was reclaimed from the sea.  The place name signs of the hamlet read Den Helder.

References

Populated places in North Holland
Den Helder
Ruanoho decemdigitatus

Ruanoho decemgitatus, the longfinned triplefin, is a species of fish in the family Tripterygiidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is marine fish that occurs in shallow water (maximum depth 10 m) on rocks and cobbles on silty reefs in semi-sheltered areas. It can grow to  total length.

References

decemgitatus
Endemic fauna of New Zealand
Marine fish of New Zealand
Taxa named by Frank Edward Clarke
Fish described in 1879
Widzino railway station

Widzino is a Polskie Koleje Państwowe (PKP) railway station in Widzino (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services

The station is served by the following services:
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek — Chojnice

References 

Widzino article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 7 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Słupsk County
Teddy Yip (businessman)

Theodore Yip () was an Indonesian-Dutch businessman and a former Formula One team owner of Theodore Racing in the 1970s.

Early life and business career
Yip spoke many languages including six Chinese variants (most notably Hakka being his native tongue, Mandarin and Cantonese due to his residence in Hong Kong and Macau), Dutch (through his life experience during the Dutch colonial rule and the owning of his Dutch citizenship), English, French, German, Malay (Indonesian) (since he was born and spent his childhood in Indonesia prior his move to the Netherlands for his studies) and Thai which helped him expand his businesses into property and finance.

Family
In January 2019, Yip's adopted son, Willy, died in a Hong Kong hospital from injuries he had received in a school bus crash in the previous month.

References

Sources
Profile at www.grandprix.com

1907 births
2003 deaths
20th-century Dutch businesspeople
Businesspeople in financial services sector
Businesspeople in real estate
Dutch chief executives
Dutch motorsport people
Dutch people of Chinese descent
Formula One team owners
Formula One team principals
Indonesian chief executives
Indonesian emigrants to the Netherlands
Indonesian people of Chinese descent
People from Medan
People from Meixian District
Kobylnica Słupska railway station

Kobylnica Słupska is a PKP railway station in Kobylnica Słupska (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

Lines crossing the station

Train services

The station is served by the following services:
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek
Regional services (R) Słupsk — Miastko — Szczecinek — Chojnice

References 

Kobylnica Słupska article at Polish Stations Database, URL accessed at 7 March 2006

Railway stations in Pomeranian Voivodeship
Słupsk County
Robert Lewin

Robert Lewin (23 December 1918 – 17 May 2004) was a Polish art dealer and philanthropist.

Biography
Born Boruch Lewin in Warsaw, Poland, Lewin was the son of a Polish-Jewish banker Jacob, and Yochewet.  
With the rise of Hitler's anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws, Lewin's father decided to relocate the family to the South of France. At the same time Lewin began studying at Pembroke College, Oxford in 1938 before being recalled to Poland for military service, so he left Oxford to fight for his homeland against the Nazis. Fleeing east in November 1939 after the German invasion of Poland, he survived the war after managing to get a Japanese visa from the consul in Kaunas, Lithuania, the 'Japanese Schindler,' Chiune Sugihara. He arrived in Kobe, Japan, in February 1941 and had issued Polish passport issued in Tokyo. Later he was moved by Japan authorities to Shanghai where he stayed until Allied liberation in 1945. He became to know that his brother Michel had survived in hiding in France, both their parents had been arrested in Nice in August 1942 and deported to German nazi camp Auschwitz.

While arriving to England after the war, he changed his name to Robert (Bob). He was married in 1947 to Bronia Medrzycki (marriage ended in 1954). Bob met Rena Fisch Langer and married in 1957. Rena was an active worker for the Pioneer Women of Great Britain - a British-Zionist labour movement.

Lewin later became an art dealer in London and a noted philanthropist, endowing a chair of Philosophy at Pembroke College, Oxford, and a gallery at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. He also made bequests to the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. He died on 17 May 2004 at the Hospital of St John and St Elisabeth, London.

References

1918 births
2004 deaths
Alumni of Pembroke College, Oxford
British people of Polish-Jewish descent
Jewish British philanthropists
Polish art dealers
Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom
Polish philanthropists
Sugihara's Jews
20th-century philanthropists
Verna Bloom

Verna Frances Bloom (August 7, 1938 – January 9, 2019) was an American actress.

Career 
On Broadway, Bloom portrayed Charlotte Corday in The Persecution and Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat as Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum of Charenton Under the Direction of the Marquis de Sade (1967) and Blanche Morton in Brighton Beach Memoirs (1983). She made her film debut in Medium Cool, and then co-starred in Clint Eastwood's 1973 film, High Plains Drifter and in the 1974 made-for-TV movie Where Have All The People Gone? with Peter Graves and Kathleen Quinlan. Bloom also had roles in more than 30 films and television episodes beginning the 1960s, including playing Mary, mother of Jesus, in The Last Temptation of Christ in 1988 and Marion Wormer in Animal House in 1978.

Personal life and death
Bloom was born in Lynn, Massachusetts, and attended the School of Fine Arts at Boston University, graduating with a BFA in 1959. She also studied at the HB Studio in New York City.

Bloom married Richard Collier, but they separated by 1969. They began the Trident Theater in Denver Colorado, which operated from 1963 to 1965. In 1972 she married film critic Jay Cocks. They had a son, Sam, born in 1981. The couple remained married until her death.

Bloom died aged 80 on January 9, 2019, in Bar Harbor, Maine, from complications of dementia.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links
 
 
 

1938 births
2019 deaths
Actresses from Massachusetts
American film actresses
Jewish American actresses
Actors from Lynn, Massachusetts
Boston University College of Fine Arts alumni
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
American stage actresses
21st-century American Jews
Nick Nairn

Nick Nairn (born 12 January 1959)  is a Scottish celebrity chef. He became the youngest Scottish chef to win a Michelin star in the early 1990s.

Early life 
Nairn was born in Stirling in January 1959 and grew up in the village of Port of Menteith in Stirlingshire. He attended McLaren High School in Callander before joining the merchant navy at the age of 17 in 1976. He studied at the Glasgow College of Nautical Studies and served in the Merchant Navy until 1983.
He now lives in Bridge of Allan.

Work 
Despite a lack of formal training, he opened his first restaurant, Braeval near Aberfoyle, in 1986. The restaurant won a Michelin star in 1991, making Nairn the youngest Scottish chef to win a star.

Nairn went on to open Nairns restaurant in Glasgow in 1998 and a cook school in 2000 at Lake of Menteith. In 2003, he sold his restaurant in Glasgow to concentrate on the cookery school, although he also undertakes a range of corporate work.  In 2012 he opened his second cook school, which is located in Aberdeen.

Nairn was a regular chef on BBC's popular Ready Steady Cook from 1995 and presented the Wild Harvest and Island Harvest television programmes in 1996 and 1997. He co-hosted the BBC show "The Great Food Guys" showcasing Scottish food and produce with Dougie Vipond. He has written a number of books and columns for newspapers and magazines and has appeared on a range of television programmes, including a stint as the main presenter on the BBC Scotland programme Landward from 2007 to 2009. In 2008 he defeated Tom Lewis in the Scottish heat of the BBC television series Great British Menu. He went on to cook a main course of roe venison for Queen Elizabeth II and 250 guests at the Mansion House for her official 80th birthday celebration.

Nairn was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Stirling in 2007 for his contributions to Scottish cooking and healthy eating campaigns. He was awarded a second honorary doctorate from Abertay University in June 2016. 

In December 2017 Nairn was the victim of an assault in Aberdeen.

On 28 August 2021, a huge fire on a Saturday evening damaged his restaurant, Nick's, in Stirling. No casualties were reported.

References

External links
 Link to Nick Nairn's cookery school website
 Jisc listing of all of his publications
 Nick Nairn plans to open his 2nd cookery school in Inchmarlo, Aberdeenshire

1959 births
Living people
Scottish chefs
Scottish television chefs
Head chefs of Michelin starred restaurants
Arthur Stanley Tritton

Arthur Stanley Tritton (25 February 18818 November 1973) was a British Arabist. He wrote a number of books on Islam and its history, and from 1938 to 1946 was Professor of Arabic at the School of Oriental and African Studies.

Life
Tritton was born on 25 February 1881. His father was the senior pastor of a Congregational church in Great Yarmouth, but when Tritton was still young the family moved to Wandsworth.

In 1900, he was admitted to Mansfield College, Oxford, where he studied theology. He later also studied briefly under Julius Wellhausen at the University of Göttingen.

He taught at the Friends' Mission School in Brummana in Lebanon, and then at the universities of Edinburgh and Glasgow. He received his D. Litt. from Edinburgh in 1918.

In 1921, he was appointed Professor of Arabic at Aligarh University in India, where he remained for the rest of the decade.

In 1931, he was made Lecturer in Arabic at the School of Oriental Studies. Two years later, he was promoted to Reader, and in 1938 he succeeded H. A. R. Gibb as Professor of Arabic and Head of Department. In 1943, his popular introduction to the Arabic language was published in the Teach Yourself series. He retired in 1946, but continued to teach for a time as a part-time lecturer.

He died on 8 November 1973, at the age of ninety-two.

Published works
Tritton wrote six books, all of which were published under the name A. S. Tritton.
The Rise of the Imams of Sanaa (1925)
The Caliphs and Their Non-Muslim Subjects: A Critical Study of the Covenant of ‘Umar (1930)
Teach Yourself Arabic (1943) 
Muslim Theology (1947)
Islam: Belief and Practices (1951)
Materials on Muslim Education in the Middle Ages (1957)

References

1881 births
1973 deaths
20th-century British historians
20th-century linguists
Academics of SOAS University of London
Alumni of Mansfield College, Oxford
British Arabists
British orientalists
British historians of Islam
Linguists from the United Kingdom
List of accolades received by Brokeback Mountain

Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 American epic romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee. Based on the short story of the same name by author Annie Proulx, the story was adapted by Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana. The film depicts the complex emotional and sexual relationship between two men, Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist (played by Heath Ledger and Jake Gyllenhaal, respectively) in the American West between 1963 and 1983. Michelle Williams, Anne Hathaway, Linda Cardellini, Randy Quaid, Anna Faris, and Kate Mara feature in supporting roles.

Brokeback Mountain premiered at the Venice International Film Festival, where it won the Golden Lion. Focus Features gave the film a limited release on December 9, 2005, before a wide release on January 13, 2006. The film grossed $178 million worldwide on a production budget of $14 million. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes surveyed 234 reviews and judged 87% of them to be positive.

Brokeback Mountain garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories, including for its directing, screenplay, acting, original score, and cinematography. At the 78th Academy Awards, Brokeback Mountain was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture and won three awards for Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Original Score. The film garnered seven nominations at the 63rd Golden Globe Awards, winning four for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Song, and Best Screenplay. At the 59th British Academy Film Awards, Brokeback Mountain was nominated for nine awards, winning in the categories of Best Film, Best Direction, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor for Jake Gyllenhaal. The film also received prizes at various guilds: it won the Producers Guild of America Award for Best Theatrical Motion Picture, the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film, and the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. In addition, it garnered four Screen Actors Guild nominations for Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress and Best Cast, more than any other film; however, it did not win any of these awards.

After Brokeback Mountain lost the Academy Award for Best Picture to Crash, many accused the academy of homophobia and for making a non-groundbreaking choice, and commentators including Kenneth Turan and Nikki Finke derided the academy's decision. However, supporters of Crash, such as critic Roger Ebert, argued that claims of bias were unjustified and that the better film won. In 2015, The Hollywood Reporter polled hundreds of academy members, asking them to re-vote on past controversial decisions. In the poll, Brokeback Mountain won the re-vote for Best Picture.

Accolades

See also 
 2005 in film
 Brokeback Mountain (soundtrack)
 Brokeback Mountain (short story)

Notes

References

External links 
 

Lists of accolades by film
Brokeback Mountain
Christmas club

A Christmas club is a special-purpose savings account, first offered by various banks and credit unions in the United States beginning in the early 20th century, including the Great Depression. Bank customers would deposit a set amount of money each week into a savings account, and receive the money back at the end of the year for Christmas shopping.

Origins

The first known Christmas Club started in 1909, when Merkel Landis, treasurer of the Carlisle Trust Company of Carlisle (Pennsylvania), introduced the first Christmas savings fund. The Club attracted 350 customers who saved about $28 each, and the money was disbursed on December 1 of that year. 

The January 2, 1920 edition of the Belvidere, Illinois Daily Republican announced that the town's State Farmers Bank was encouraging parents to enroll their children in the Christmas Banking Club "to develop self-reliance and the saving habit".

Promotion
For decades, financial institutions competed for the holiday savings business, offering enticing premiums and advertising items such as tokens. The Dime Saving Bank of Toledo, Ohio, issued a brass token "good for 25 cents in opening a Christmas account" for 1922–1923. There were also numbered tokens issued by the Atlantic Country Trust Co. in Atlantic City, New Jersey, inscribed on the reverse: "Join our Christmas Club and Have Money When You Need It Most." In the February 2006 issue of Forbes magazine, business writer James Surowiecki summarized the accounts' appeal: "The popularity of Christmas Club accounts isn't a mystery; if their money was in a regular account, people assumed they'd spend it."

Drawbacks
Key drawbacks of Christmas Club accounts included low interest rates and a high number of restrictions, such as not allowing withdrawals unless fees were paid. Christmas Clubs later fell out of favor with consumers.

Banks incurred high costs in maintaining the accounts. According to Dennis Halpin, the CEO for the Capital Communications Federal Credit Union, the union had 3,500 Christmas Club members in 1984. Each member required a check to be produced, signed, collated, and mailed, only for 70% to be returned to the bank to be deposited in another account.

See also 

 Dynamic inconsistency - a theoretic model explaining the utility of costly savings devices such as Christmas clubs.

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links
 First Reliance Christmas Club Flyer, February 25, 2016

Banking
Christmas economics
Christmas organizations
A129

A129 may refer to :
 A129 road (England), a road in Essex connecting Shenfield and Hadleigh 
 Agusta A129 Mangusta, a 1983 Italian attack helicopter
Pierre Roland

Pierre Roland (born Pierre Roland Christy; 14 April 1979 in Bengkulu, Indonesia) is an Indonesian actor.  He is known as Pierre Roland and is famous for his role as a super hero in a hit TV series "Gerhana" (RCTI,1999-2002). He has also appeared on films and other TV series as well as music videos, advertisements (magazines, television, billboards) and as TV presenter. His parents are of mixed Indonesian and European ancestry: father is English/Indonesian (Bengkulu) while his mother is Dutch/Indonesian (Javanese/Manadonese).

He is also a film producer with his first filmed produced by his own production house, Pilot Project Production, about a Balinese girl who lost her mother in the first Bali Bombing, titled "Angel's Cry".

Pierre Roland is currently in a few number of TV series in Indonesia, one of them is "Mimpi Manis", where he is acting alongside one of the most famous Indonesian Dangdut singers, Dewi Persik.

He is known to be one of the artists that do not like media exposure on his private life.

In the middle of July 2006, the public and media were shocked by the rumours that Pierre Roland was recently married. The wedding ceremony was a low profile one held at a church in Jakarta, attended only by family and friends. However, the information of the venue and time somehow leaked out on the day of the wedding day; causing the reporters to gather at the front of the church. At the end of event, the family and the guests managed to get the reporters mixed up (thinking that the bride and the groom had already left the venue). The wedding was said to be one of the very few unexposed weddings of Indonesian celebrities. A few days later, the couple finally made an official announcement in an interview by two Indonesian TV stations.

Pierre Roland's Indonesian-born Macau resident wife, Bonita Adela, gave birth to their first-born son, Olivier DeAngello Christy, at the Hospital Kiang Wu in Macau in 2007. Another son, Ezekiel Kramer Christy, was also born at the same hospital in Macau in 2010.

Trivia
 Pierre Roland is the nephew of high-profile Indonesian actor, Agus Melazt.
 Pierre Roland is a devout Christian.
 Pierre Roland's wife, whose family and relatives are mostly based in Macau, is the niece-in-law of former Indonesian actress Tjempaka Blanco (sister of Balinese painter Mario Blanco, and daughter of Spanish American turned Balinese painter Antonio Blanco with his Balinese wife Ni Ronji). She is of Mongolian, Chinese, Indonesian (Manadonese and Sundanese), and Dutch ancestry.

References

1979 births
Indo people
Indonesian people of Dutch descent
Indonesian people of English descent
Javanese people
Minahasa people
Indonesian Christians
Indonesian male film actors
Indonesian male television actors
Living people
Male actors from Jakarta
Indonesian film producers
Marc Trauner

Marc Trauner (born April 7, 1969) better known by his numerous aliases including Marc Acardipane, Mescalinum United, The Mover, Pilldriver, Marshall Masters and Resident E, is a DJ and producer based in Frankfurt, Germany.

History 
Trauner was co-founder of record label Planet Core Productions and the hardcore techno production team with the same name, better known as PCP. He released, as Mescalinum United, "We Have Arrived" in 1990. "We Have Arrived" was remixed by Aphex Twin and two versions of the track appeared on Aphex Twin's album Classics.

He scored a top 20 hit in the UK in collaboration with Scooter in 2003, with the single "Maria (I Like It Loud)", a cover of his 1997 single "I Like It Loud" (Marshall Masters feat. The Ultimate MC).

In 2006 he released his Best Of Album - Best Of Marc Acardipane (1989-1998). This was spread over 2 volumes.

"We Have Arrived"
"We Have Arrived" is a hardcore techno track by Marc Trauner under the alias Mescalinum United. It was first released by Planet Core Productions in 1990 on the Reflections of 2017 EP. The track is often regarded as the first hardcore techno track.

Remixes
The Advent remix (5:35)
Aphex Twin QQT remix (4:24)
Aphex Twin TTQ remix (5:03)
Darrien Kelly's 98 retake (4:18)
DJ Promo remix (6:19)
Lory D remix (4:24)
Manu le Malin remix (4:40)
Miro remix (5:05)
Rude Awakening remix (4:10)
The Horrorist remix (4:06)
The Mover remix

References

External links
 Marc Trauner's official homepage
 Information on discogs.org
 Article by music journalist Simon Reynolds, originally published in The Wire, July 1998.

German DJs
Musicians from Frankfurt
Living people
1969 births
Electronic dance music DJs
Diplomáticos (brand)

Diplomáticos is the name of a cigar brand, produced on the island of Cuba for Habanos SA, the Cuban state-owned tobacco company, at the José Martí factory in Havana.

History 
Diplomáticos was the first new brand of Cuban cigars after the Cuban Revolution produced commercially for public sale (the Cohiba was the very first brand created post-Revolution, but was only used for President Fidel Castro's private consumption and for  diplomatic gifts, and was not sold on the commercial market until 1982).

Diplomáticos was created in 1966 from the Montecristo, and featured a slightly milder blend and lighter shade wrapper intended to appeal to the French consumer.  The Diplomáticos line mimics the original Montecristo line in having five numbered sizes, all handmade, but priced slightly less than the equivalent-size Montecristo cigar.  Today, both Diplomáticos and Montecristo are produced at the José Martí Factory.  Diplomaticos continue to utilize a medium-strong long-filler blend from the Vuelta Abajo region slightly milder than that of the cigars from the Montecristo line, but otherwise equal in terms of quality.

The original line consisted of five numbered sizes, corresponding to Montecristo.  In 1976, the No. 6 and No. 7 were introduced to the line and were the same size as the Montecristo Especial No. 1 and Especial No. 2, but were discontinued a few years later in the mid-1980s.

Vitolas in the Diplomáticos Line
The following list of vitolas de salida (commercial vitolas) within the Diplomáticos marque lists their size and ring gauge in Imperial (and Metric), their vitolas de galera (factory vitolas), and their common name in American cigar slang.

Hand-Made Vitolas
 No. 2 - 6 1/8" x 52 (156 x 20.64 mm), Pirámide, a pyramid
 No. 4 - 5 1/8" x 42 (130 x 16.67 mm), Mareva, a petit corona
 No. 5 - 4" x 40 (102 x 15.88 mm), Perla, a petit corona

See also 
 Cigar brands

References

Further reading
 Nee, Min Ron - An Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Post-Revolution Havana Cigars (2003, Reprinted: 2005),

External links
 Official website of Habanos S.A.

Habanos S.A. brands
Cuban brands
List of compositions by Johann Pachelbel

Approximately 530 compositions have been attributed to Johann Pachelbel. , no standard numbering system exists for Pachelbel's work. This article presents a thematically organized list and provides catalogue numbers from three different catalogues:
 P = catalogue by Jean M. Perreault, 2001
 T = catalogue by Hideo Tsukamoto, 2002, available online (archive from 18 October 2014)
 PC = catalogue by Kathryn J. Welter, 1998
For organ works, POP catalogue numbers are provided, from catalogue by Antoine Bouchard for his 1998–2001 recording of Pachelbel's organ oeuvre (this catalogue only covers organ works). Perreault numbers are used as the basis of the list, making individual sections organized alphabetically (i.e. the chorales) and/or by tonality. Because the Welter catalogue does not provide incipits, many of the works with identical titles will share a single PC number (which is in such cases denoted by a question mark).

The following symbols are used:
 * denotes that the ascription of the piece is questioned
 ! denotes that the composition is, apparently, lost

Similarly to catalogues of works by most early music composers, Pachelbel's list of works remains perpetually incomplete as new works are regularly found.

Organ music

Chorale preludes

Pachelbel composed chorale preludes to the following hymns:

Chorale variations

Magnificat fugues

Chaconnes

Arias with variations

Preludes

Preludes and fugues

Toccatas

Toccatas and fugues

Fantasias

Fugues

Ricercars

Other keyboard music

Chamber music

Vocal music

Arias

Motets

Sacred concertos

Masses

Ingressus

Magnificats

Lost works

Chorale preludes

Chorale variations

Chamber music

Vocal music

Miscellany

Notes

References
Bouchard, Antoine. 1998–2001. Liner notes to: Pachelbel: The Complete Organ Works, 11 CD compilation. Dorian.
Perreault, Jean M. 2004. The Thematic Catalogue of the Musical Works of Johann Pachelbel. Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Md. 
Tsukamoto, Hideo. 2002. Archive of J.Pachelbel's Works, accessed 1 August 2009.
Welter, Kathryn J. 1998. Johann Pachelbel: Organist, Teacher, Composer, A Critical Reexamination of His Life, Works, and Historical Significance. Diss., Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

External links
 Johann Pachelbel: a comprehensive list of his works, includes easy-to find concordance between the different numbering systems of his works, and also editions

Pachelbel, Johann, compositions by
Pachelbel
Eastville Park

Eastville Park is an urban park in Bristol, England. The grounds that became the park were purchased from Greville Smyth of Ashton Court and the boundary walls are listed with Historic England. The facilities include a lake and tennis courts.

History
The park is on the estate grounds of two former houses, Heath House and Ridgway House, that were purchased by the council from Sir Greville Smyth of Ashton Court for £30,000 in 1889. Between the years of 1889 and 1894 hedges were removed, footpaths laid and seats added on the existing agricultural land. The trees already on the land including limes and horse chestnuts were kept.

Landmarks
The boundary wall is made of the local pennant rubble with cast-iron spear head railings and is Grade II listed with Historic England.

Facilities
There is a lake with a serpentine shape which is bordered by lawns and old beech trees.
There are two children's playgrounds, football pitches, tennis courts, a basketball court, a one-mile running circuit and a bowling green. The River Frome borders the Northern edge of the park. The boathouse to the lake was burned down in 1913 and again 1923. There is a disused Victorian lido which was hit by a bomb in World War II that has been used as a theatre. Eastville parkrun takes place at the park every Saturday morning, with the junior parkrun taking place every Sunday. The park has an area of 70 acres.

References

Parks and open spaces in Bristol
Tecsun

Tecsun Co., Ltd. () is a Chinese company founded in 1994 and headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong. It designs and manufactures radios, from simple handheld AM/FM receivers to more sophisticated digital units with shortwave, longwave, airband, and SSB capability.  Some of their products are rebranded and sold by Eton Corporation.

References

External links

Electronics companies of China
Manufacturing companies established in 1994
1994 establishments in China
Companies based in Guangdong
Radio manufacturers
Stronsay Beast

The Stronsay Beast was a large globster that washed ashore on the island of Stronsay (at the time spelled Stronsa), in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, after a storm on 25 September 1808. The carcass measured 55 ft (16.8 m) in length, without part of its tail. The Natural History Society (Wernerian Society) of Edinburgh could not identify the carcass and decided it was a new species, probably a sea serpent. The Scottish naturalist Patrick Neill gave it the scientific name Halsydrus pontoppidani (Pontoppidan's sea-snake) in honor of Erik Pontoppidan, who described sea serpents in a work published half a century before. The anatomist Sir Everard Home in London later dismissed the measurement, declaring it must have been around 30 ft (9 m), and deemed it to be a decayed basking shark. In 1849, Scottish professor John Goodsir in Edinburgh came to the same conclusion.

The Stronsay Beast was measured by a carpenter and two farmers. It was 4 ft (1.2 m) wide and had a circumference of about 10 ft (3.1 m). It had three pairs of appendages described as 'paws' or 'wings'. Its skin was smooth when stroked head to tail and rough when stroked tail to head. Its fins were edged with bristles and it had a row of bristles down its back, which glowed in the dark when wet. Its stomach contents were red.

See also
Zuiyo-maru carcass

References

External links
DNA could help identify 200 year old Stronsay Beast

Globsters
1808 in Scotland
19th century in Orkney
Stronsay
Sea serpents
Individual vertebrates
Westknollendam

Westknollendam is a village in the northwest Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Zaanstad, North Holland, about 15 km northwest of Amsterdam. The village is located along the Zaan river. On the opposite shore is Oostknollendam, in the municipality of Wormerland.

References

External links

Populated places in North Holland
Zaanstad
Nunchi

, sometimes  (), is a Korean concept signifying the subtle art and ability to listen and gauge others' moods. It first appears in the 17th century as  ( in ), meaning "eye force/power". In Western culture,  could be described as the concept of emotional intelligence. It is of central importance to the dynamics of interpersonal relationships.  is literally translated as "eye-measure".  is closely related to the broader concept of paralanguage but also relies on an understanding of one's status relative to the person with whom they are interacting. It can be seen as the embodiment of skills necessary to communicate effectively in high context culture.

The concept of , and one's abundance or lack thereof, forms the basis of many common expressions and idioms. For example, a socially clumsy person can be described as  (), meaning "absence of ".

 is briefly defined as the high social sensitivity of Koreans that basically means they are able to ascertain others' moods by being around them and talking to them. They are sensitive to what others say indirectly, because they want to maintain harmony. They sense someone's , a Korean word that relates to mood, current feelings, and the state of mind. Facilitating , encouraging the use of this skill, is expected to result in rich understanding. It is of central importance to the dynamics of interpersonal relationships. With , Koreans are using nonverbal cues to convey emotion and meaning through various means, including voice pitch and volume as well as intonation. Because Korea, as with other high-context cultures, caters toward in-groups that have similar experiences and expectations and from which inferences are drawn, many things are left unsaid. The culture does the explaining, in effect. Both  and  are very difficult concepts for non-Koreans to get the hang of.

In Korea, personal relations frequently take precedence over business. In order to be successful, it is vital to establish good, personal relationships based on mutual trust and benefit. Koreans judge this by  to get a basic understanding of the individual they just met. Korean business culture is firmly grounded in respectful rapport and in order to establish this, it is essential to have the right introduction to approach the company. Koreans will use  to make sure the right approach is being used, often through a mutual friend or acquaintance at the appropriate level. Koreans spend a significant amount of time developing and fostering personal contacts. Therefore, time should be allocated for this process, particularly during the first meeting, which is frequently used to simply establish rapport and build trust.  
  
The phrase  () refers to someone who is quick-witted, can understand the situation quickly, or has common sense. Another way to say this is  (), "to have quick ".

See also
Korean language
Tacit knowledge

References

External links

Interpersonal relationships
Korean words and phrases
Words and phrases with no direct English translation
Trailfinders

Trailfinders is a British travel company in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 

It is the largest independently-owned travel company in the United Kingdom, and has 39 travel centres in the UK and Ireland. The company "specialises in tailormade travel worldwide" including Europe, Australia, New Zealand, North & South America, Asia & Africa.

History
Trailfinders was founded by former SAS-officer Sir Mike Gooley in October 1970 in an office on Earls Court Road in west London.

In 1972 Trailfinders became the UK's first flight consolidator and advertised discounted air tickets in the national press. In 1979 the company became the first travel organiser to be IATA-licensed and to be granted an ATOL licence by the Civil Aviation Authority. In 1990 the company pioneered the concept of tailormade travel.

Trailfinders is the largest independently owned travel company in the United Kingdom and employs over 1000 staff. It has made travel arrangements for over 15 million clients and has 36 travel centres in the UK and 3 in Ireland.

Awards 
Trailfinders has won many national awards.

Recent awards include:

The Times, The Sunday Times & The Sunday Times Travel Magazine Travel Awards - UK's Best Tour Operator 2018

Food & Travel Magazine Awards 2018, 2017 - Tour Operator of the year

National Geographic Traveller 2017 - Travel Experts

The Guardian - Most Trusted 2016 and Best Package Holiday Operator 2016

The Telegraph Travel Awards - Best Tour Operator 2014, 2012, 2011, 2008, 2007, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001

Which? Awards - Best Travel Company 2015 

Which? Consumer Travel Survey - Best Holiday Company 2014, 2013

CLIA UK & Ireland Cruise Excellence Awards - High Street Travel Agent of the Year 2015, 2014

Ownership
Trailfinders was founded by Mike Gooley who is also the owner and executive chairman.

Gooley was named Entrepreneur of the Year in the Consumer Services category at the inaugural EY National Entrepreneur of the Year awards in December 1999. In 2006 he was appointed a CBE for his services to the Travel Industry and to charity. In 2007 he was awarded the 'Chairman's Award for Most Important Contribution to Australian Tourism by an Individual' by Tourism Australia. In 2018 the Sunday Times Rich List named him as the UK's 21st most generous giver to charity. He was granted the rank of Knight Bachelor for services to Business and Charity in the Queen's 2021 Birthday Honours List.

References

External links
Official website

Travel and holiday companies of the United Kingdom