Urmila

Urmila () is a princess featured in the Ramayana. She is the daughter of King Janaka of Mithila and Queen Sunayana. Sita, the female protagonist of the epic, is her elder adoptive sister. She becomes the wife of Lakshmana, the younger brother of Rama. She is considered to be an incarnation of Nagalakshmi.

Legend 
Urmila was married to King Dasharatha's third son, Lakshmana. They had two sons named Angada and Chandraketu. She is described as being as dedicated to Sita as Lakshmana was to Rama. 

When Lakshmana joined Rama and Sita in their exile, Urmila was ready to accompany him, but he hesitated and asked her to stay back in Ayodhya to take care of his aging parents. According to a legend, Urmila slept continuously for fourteen years. It is believed that during these fourteen years of exile, her husband also never slept to protect his brother and sister-in-law. On the first night of exile, when Rama and Sita were sleeping, the deity Nidra appeared to Lakshmana, and he requested her to offer him the boon of not requiring sleep. The goddess asked him that she could grant his wish, but someone else would have to take his place asleep. Lakshmana wondered if his wife could sleep instead of him. After hearing this, Nidra enquired Urmila regarding this, and the latter happily accepted the task. Urmila is notable for this unparalleled sacrifice, which is called Urmila Nidra.

According to another legend, it is said that when Lakshmana came to inform Urmila of his decision to join Rama in his exile, she was dressed as a queen. Lakshmana grew angry with her and compared her with Kaikeyi. This is stated to be a deliberate act of provocation to alleviate Lakshmana's guilt of leaving her behind so that he could take care of her brother and sister-in-law. When Sita learned of this, she remarked that hundreds of her would not be able to match Urmila's sacrifice. 

According to some puranas, she also along  with Lakshman had taken Jal samadhi. She is also considered as the goddess of sacrifice. According to Tulsidas' Ramcharitmanas, After Sita death  Ayodhya got  curse that  no Suhagan women will alive so Urmila Mandvi and Shrutakriti along with Suhagan womens of Ayodhya took Samadhi  in Saryu river after that she become nagalakshmi and went vaikunth

Worship 
In Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, there is a temple dedicated to Lakshman and Urmila. The temple was built in 1870 AD by the then ruler Balwant Singh of Bharatpur and is considered as a royal temple by the royal family of Bharatpur State.

In the Medak district of Telangana, there is a temple called Sri Kalyana Ramachandra Sannadhi that is dedicated to Lakshman and Urmila. This temple is the only one in India that has installed statues of Rama's brothers and their wives.

In popular culture 
Portrayed by Anjali Vyas in 1987–1988 Indian epic drama Ramayan
Portrayed by Monika in 1997-2000 Indian epic drama Jai Hanuman
Portrayed by Ashwini in 2002 Indian epic drama Ramayan
Portrayed by Meenakshi Arya in 2008 Indian epic drama Ramayan 
Portrayed by Yukti Kapoor in 2015–2016 Indian epic drama Siya Ke Ram
Portrayed by Nisha Nagpal in 2019–2020 Indian epic drama Ram Siya Ke Luv Kush

References 

 Urmila, the sleeping princess - The New Indian Express
 Lakshman's wife goes to sleep  - Devlok

Further reading 
 Valmiki Ramayana, English verse translation by Desiraju Hanumanta Rao, K. M. K. Murthy et al.
 Ramayana, English verse translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith at the Project Gutenberg
 The Song of Urmila’s Separation: Andhra Women’s Song Spotlights Ramayana’s Neglected Urmila

Solar dynasty
Characters in the Ramayana