alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Ken Jennings

Kenneth Wayne Jennings III (born May 23, 1974) is the highest money earning contestant on the American television game show Jeopardy!.  He won a total of 74 times, earning $2,522,700.  His winning streak lasted from June 2, 2004 through November 30, 2004.  He lost after that time to a player named Nancy Zerg, who lost within a day to Katie Fitzgerald.  He was brought back to appear in the final three games of the show's Ultimate Tournament of Champions. In the tournament, he lost to Brad Rutter, who became the highest money winner on Jeopardy!.

According to the introduction given at the start of the show, Jennings is a "Software Engineer from Salt Lake City, Utah"  His highest one day total was a record $75,000, which was later broken by Roger Craig in 2010.  Jennings is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormon.

In February 2005, Ken started appearing in Cingular commercials as himself.

In October 2008, Jennings appeared on an episode of Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?. He won $500,000, making him the highest winner in game show history once again.

In February 2011, Jennings, along with Rutter, competed in the "IBM Challenge" against an artificial intelligence computer named Watson. Jennings placed second, losing to Watson. He won half of a $300,000 prize; with the other half going to charity.

In the spring of 2014, Jennings and Rutter competed in the Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades tournament.  They faced off in the finals alongside Roger Craig.  Rutter won the tournament with the $1,000,000 top prize, reclaiming the game show record from Jennings.

In January 2020, Jennings beat Rutter and James Holzhauer in Jeopardy! The Greatest of All Time, claiming the $1,000,000 first place prize.

During Season 37 of Jeopardy!, Jennings became a consulting producer and records video clues.  In January 2021, he became a guest host after the death of longtime host Alex Trebek.  And during the show's 38th Season, Jennings and Mayim Bialik are co-hosting the show after Mike Richards resigned.

References

Other websites
 
 Omnibus podcast web site
 Jennings' February 2013 TED talk (video), "Watson, Jeopardy, and me, the obsolete know-it-all" 
 
 2006 IMNO Interview with Ken Jennings

1974 births
Television game shows
Living people
Jeopardy!
American bloggers
American software engineers
Sublimation (phase transition)

Sublimation is how a solid becomes a gas without becoming a liquid first. It happens when the particles of a solid absorb enough energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them. Most substances can sublimate only at low pressure. Many can sublimate in space. 

Sometimes snow sublimates. This is usually on sunny winter days when the air is very dry. Snow may look like it disappears on a cold sunny day, but this is not sublimation because it forms a thin layer of liquid water first.

At normal atmospheric pressure on the surface of the Earth, only some compounds like dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) can go through this process. CO2 changes from dry ice, a solid to a gas without being a liquid. Also diamond, graphite, iodine, ammonium chloride and aluminium chloride sublime rather than melt at atmospheric pressure.

Chemistry
Physics
Malcolm McDowell

Malcolm McDowell (born Malcolm John Taylor; 13 June 1943) is an English actor and producer. He has been in many films, including: A Clockwork Orange, O Lucky Man! and Caligula.

McDowell lives in Ojai, California.

Other websites 

1943 births
Living people
Actors from Yorkshire
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from West Yorkshire
MAD Magazine

MAD Magazine is a humor and satire magazine that started in 1952 as a 10 cent comic book parody of other comics. For its 25th issue it converted to a 25 cent magazine. It remains popular in the United States.

Each issue features the grinning red-headed mascot, Alfred E. Neuman on the cover, and comic-like articles making fun of recent movies, television series, music, trends, etc. as well as regular monthly features (Spy Vs. Spy, Monore, etc.)

American magazines
Traverse City, Michigan

Traverse City is a town in the northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan, United States.  Traverse City is famous for its cherries.  It has a beautiful beach, world-class hotels, but the zoo has been closed because not many people visited it.

Cities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Will Smith

Willard Carroll Smith II (born September 25, 1968) is an American actor, producer and rapper. He got his start as part of the rap duo DJ Jazzy Jeff and the Fresh Prince. He became an actor when he starred on the television show The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air as Will Smith, a teenager from Philadelphia sent to live with his rich relatives in Southern California. He has appeared in many movies including Independence Day, Men in Black, Ali, Wild Wild West, The Pursuit of Happyness, I Am Legend, and in Suicide Squad.

In 2022, he won a Golden Globe Award, BAFTA Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and an Academy Award for his role as Richard Williams in the 2021 drama movie King Richard. He is the first rapper to win an acting Oscar.

Personal life
Smith married actress Jada Pinkett in 1997. They have three children, including Jaden and Willow.

At the 94th Academy Awards in March 2022, Smith slapped comedian Chris Rock after he made a joke about his wife, Jada's, bald head. Smith was criticized for his violent reaction and on April 1, 2022 Smith resigned his membership from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and said he would support any punishment by the academy. Smith has been banned from going to the Oscar ceremonies for 10 years.

Filmography

Discography
Studio albums
 Big Willie Style (1997)
 Willennium (1999)
 Born to Reign (2002)
 Lost and Found (2005)

Notes

References

Other websites

 Official site
 

1968 births
Living people
Actors from Philadelphia
African American actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American television producers
American voice actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Movie producers from Pennsylvania
Musicians from Philadelphia
Rappers from Pennsylvania
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Singers from Philadelphia
Interscope Records artists
American hip hop musicians
American hip hop singers
American contemporary R&B singers
American R&B musicians
American R&B singers
American dance musicians
Dover, Kent

Dover is also the name of the capital of Delaware

Dover is a town on the coast in Kent, in the United Kingdom. It was built by the Romans. There is a castle in Dover, called Dover Castle. It is the largest castle in England. The population is about 39,078. Throughout history, it has been an important port of Britain because it is the closest port to mainland Europe. The sea between Dover and the French port of Calais is called the Strait of Dover. It is the narrowest part of the English Channel at only  wide.

The ferry port in Dover has ferries to Calais, France and Ostende, Belgium. Almost 45,000 people and 15,000 vehicles pass through the port every day. On of the largest tourist attractions around Dover are the White Cliffs of Dover.

Dover History
The Romans first tried to invade Dover in 55BC, under Julius Caesar. They were forced back by the Celts, who fiercely defended the coastline. It was not until 43 AD, under the rule of Emperor Claudius, that Roman forces landed on British soil at Richborough and took control of the land as far as the northern border. Dover, then called DVBRIS, became the Romans' most important naval town.

Gallery

Other websites
A History of Dover 
The History of Dover Castle
Dover Castle information 

Towns in Kent
Tonbridge

Tonbridge is a town in Kent in England. The River Medway runs through the town. A castle stands on the northern river bank in the middle of Tonbridge.

Tonbridge is linked by railways to London and Dover.

There are many secondary schools in the area. such as Tonbridge Grammar School

Towns in Kent
Inverness

Inverness is a city in the northern part of Scotland. It is often called the capital of the Highlands. It is on the A9 road. Inverness Airport is an important way to get to the Scottish Highlands.

Notable people 
Yvette Cooper, politician
Karen Gillan, actress
Charles Kennedy, politician

Inverness
Boycott

A boycott is a protest where the protesters do not buy a product or give money to a company. Instead of buying a certain product, they might also buy another, very similar product from a different company.

The word was made during the Irish Land War'. It comes from the name of Captain Charles Boycott. Boycott was in charge of looking after the land of a landlord in County Mayo, Ireland. In 1880, the tenants (those who rented) wanted their rent lowered. Boycott refused, and threw them out of the land they had rented. The Irish Land League then proposed that instead of becoming violent, everyone in the community should stop doing business with Captain Boycott. The captain was soon isolated. No one helped him with the harvest, no one worked in his stables or his house. Local businessmen no longer traded with him, the postman no longer delivered his post. 

To get his harvest done, he had to hire 50 people from other counties, the counties Cavan and Monaghan. They were escorted to and from their work by 1000 policemen. Of course, this cost far more than what the harvest was worth.

Other websites

boycott resources 
List of boycotts at EthicalConsumer.org

Economics
Protests
Artificial

When something is artificial, or man-made, it has been made by humans, not nature. For example, an artificial satellite is one made by humans, while a natural satellite is a satellite that was not made by humans. Many artificial things imitate or copy things found in nature. The imitation may use the same basic materials as those in the natural object; or it may use quite different materials, as in Artificial leather. These are concepts in defining reality. There are different ideas about what can be considered artificial and what is natural.

The word "artificial" comes from the Latin words art (meaning "skill") and fex ("to make").

Artificial does not necessarily mean synthetic (that is, created by synthesis). An artificial sweetener imitates sweetness using a chemical formula that is not found in nature; it is therefore both artificial and synthetic.

Some disasters are natural, but some are man-made disasters. like the dust-bowl disaster in the United States. See Dust Bowl.

References

Related pages

Artifact (disambiguation)
Ontology

Technology
Anthropology
King Arthur

King Arthur was a mythical king in the mythology of Great Britain. He lived in the medieval times, in his famous castle, Camelot. He possessed a sword known as Excalibur, given to him by the Lady of the Lake.

King Arthur is a fabled ruler of Sub-Roman Britain who defended his kingdom from the Anglo-Saxons.  He is a popular fictional character in modern literature. He won several battles, and had many homes. However, his favorite home was in Camelot.  In one of the most famous tales of King Arthur, he pulls a sword out of a stone, making him King of the Britons.

 

The first narrative account of Arthur's life is found in Geoffrey of Monmouth's Latin work Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain), completed .

Camelot 
Many castles claim to be Arthur's Camelot, but the most likely one is Tintagel Castle, Cornwall (though there is no evidence for this). In Camelot sat the famous Round Table, where Arthur, his queen Guinevere, Merlin, Morgan le Fay, Sir Lancelot, Sir Gawain, Percival and many other valiant knights sat. Arthur and his knights went on many quests including The Quest For The Holy Grail, The Green Knight, The Black Knight and more.

Death 
After King Arthur's many adventures, his son Mordred seized his kingdom and queen, forcing Arthur to fight for what was truly his. They fought for a long time. Mordred hit King Arthur in many places, but in the end Arthur killed Mordred. After this victory, King Arthur was weak and died from losing blood from battle wounds. As his knights rode back to Camelot, they threw Excalibur into the lake so that it could return to where it came from. One legend says Arthur never died, and will return when the British need him.

Books, poems and movies 
Many books have been written about King Arthur.  Most of them involve Merlin, the Knights of the Round Table, and Morgan le Fay.

Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote the first book about Arthur in the 12th century.  In the 15th century, Sir Thomas Malory wrote one of the best-known books about Arthur, called Le Morte d’Arthur (The Death of Arthur).  Later, in the 19th century, Alfred, Lord Tennyson visited Tintagel, the mythical Camelot, twice.  He wrote a series of poems about Arthur. 

Some stories about Arthur say he tried to find the Holy Grail, the cup that Jesus drank from at the Last Supper. 

There are also many movies about Arthur.  These include Disney's The Sword in the Stone; Monty Python and the Holy Grail; King Arthur (2004); King Arthur, The Kid Who Would Be King (2019); the Legend of the Sword (2017); and the musical Camelot.

References 

Arthurian legend
Johnny Appleseed

John "Johnny Appleseed" Chapman (September 26, 1774 - March 11, 1847) is an American folk hero. He was a Christian missionary and pioneer. His nickname came from the fact that he planted apple trees throughout the American Midwest. Many people consider him an early conservationist or "tree-hugger". He wandered the country, usually barefoot, and with a cooking pot on his head for most of his adult life, planting apple trees, teaching the Bible, telling stories, and befriending Native Americans, wild animals, and other settlers. Many stories have been told about him and his journeys, as well as art, books, and later movies, which makes him a folk hero. He was born in Leominster, Massachusetts and is buried in Johnny Appleseed Park in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Facts 
John Chapman is said to have been in the Wilkes-Barre region some time in the 1790s, practicing his profession as a nurseryman, but just when he embraced the Swedenborgian faith and began his missionary activities we cannot be sure, though it is probable that it was before he ever reached western Pennsylvania. There are some early accounts of John speaking of his own activities as "a Bible missionary" on the Potomac when he was a young man, and Johnny was seen for two or three consecutive years along the banks of the Potomac in eastern Virginia, picking the seeds from the pomace of the cider mills in the late 1790s.The apple seeds that Johnny obtained were free, as the cider mills wanted there to be more apple trees planted to improve their business.

At the time of his death, Johnny Appleseed left an estate of more than 1,200 acres of nurseries, and he left these to his sister.  He additionally had four plots located in Allen County, Indiana, which was a nursery that included 15,000 trees. 

Records show that John Chapman appeared on Licking Creek, in what is now Licking County, Ohio, in 1800, when he was twenty-six years old. He had probably come up the Muskingum River to plant near the Refugee Tract, which would soon fill up with settlers, when Congress actually got around to granting the lands. In April, 1798, the Continental Congress had ratified resolutions to donate public lands for the benefit of those who had left Canada and Nova Scotia to fight against the British in the Revolutionary War. The lands were actually set apart in 1801 and patents issued in 1802. Grants of land ranging from 160 acres to 2,240 acres were awarded according to the exertions of the patentee in the War. Johnny, with true Yankee enterprise, went ahead and planted his nurseries before the refugees arrived. Licking County, then a part of Fairfield, contained only three white families. By the time families were ready to settle the area, Johnny's tracts of land were ready for market.

Other websites 
http://johnnyappleseedfacts.com/ 

American folklore
People from Massachusetts
Christian missionaries
1774 births
1847 deaths
Compact disc

A Compact Disc, also called a CD is a storage device in the form of small plastic discs which store and retrieve computer data or music using light. Compact Discs replaced floppy disks because they were faster and could hold more information. The CDs made floppy disks become obsolete. CDs were invented by both Philips and Sony at the same time, but not together. Sony and Philips did work together to create a standard format and the technology to read CDs in 1982. CDs can hold up to 700 MB worth of data, which is about 80 minutes of music. Mini CDs were also made for special small programs like drivers. CDs that have computer information on them are called CD-ROMs, or Compact Disc - Read Only Memory. The diameter of a normal CD is 120 mm. The middle hole in a CD is about 1.5 cm).

Related pages

 CD-R
 CD-RW
 CD-MO
 Video CD or VCD
 DVD
Maidstone

Maidstone is a town in Kent, in England. It stands on the River Medway. Maidstone is the county town of Kent, meaning the local government is based there. Its name means "stone of the maidens". The town of Maidstone is within the borough of Maidstone, which also includes several surrounding villages. In 2001, 75,070 people lived in the town of Maidstone, and there were 138,959 in the whole of the Borough.

History
During the Civil War a battle took place in 1648, which was won by Oliver Cromwell's soldiers. A year later, Andrew Broughton, who was then Mayor of Maidstone (and also Clerk to the High Court of Justice) gave the death sentence to Charles I. Today there is a plaque in Maidstone Town Centre describing Andrew as 'Mayor and Regicide' (a killer of kings). 

Maidstone used to be an industrial area, with paper making and brewing being two of the most important industries, although both have mainly died out in recent years. Until 1998, Sharps Toffee factory was where Bassets liquorice allsorts and other sweets were made. Most of the heavy industry has now been replaced by light and service industries.

Today
Today, Maidstone is one of the top five shopping centres in the south east of England, with more than one million square feet of retail space.  Most of this is in two shopping areas, Fremlin Walk, which was built on the site of one of the old breweries, is , and The Mall Maidstone provides another . Both include multi-story car parks.

Towns in Kent
Redhill

Redhill  can mean several things:

Hill
 Maibam Lokpa Ching, a WWII memorial site, also known as Red Hills, because the entire landscape was dyed red due to heavy casualties in the Japanese troops as a result of British attack in the Battle of Imphal.

Towns and cities
 Redhill, Somerset, England
 Redhill, Surrey, England
 Redhill, Nottinghamshire, England
 Redhill, Singapore, Singapore

Schools
 Redhill High School, South Africa
C. S. Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963), usually called C. S. Lewis, was a British scholar who wrote about 40 books. He was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. He is famous for his fantasy works, essays, and writings on literature and theology. Lewis' theological works are usually apologetics, the defence of Christianity. Some of his most popular Christian writings were Mere Christianity and The Screwtape Letters. His works have been translated into more than 30 languages. Lewis was a professor of literature at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge.

Lewis was married to American writer Joy Davidman (1915–1960) from 1956 until her death from bone cancer. He died of renal failure in Oxford. 

His writing is popular with many people, and many of his books were made into movies. His most famous and popular fantasy work is The Chronicles of Narnia, which is a series of seven books.

He died in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England.

References

Other websites 
 Encyclopædia Britannica

1898 births
1963 deaths
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Academics of the University of Oxford
British Anglicans
British children's writers
British novelists
Converts to Christianity
English theologians
Northern Irish Protestants
Writers from Belfast
The Corrs

This article is about the Irish rock band.  For the American rock band, see The Cars.

The Corrs is a folk pop rock band from Ireland. There are three sisters and one brother in the quartet. They became very popular in the late 1990s.

The group 
They were all born in Dundalk, Republic of Ireland, the children of Gerry and Jean Corr.

Jim Corr 
Jim Corr (born 31 July 1964) is the oldest member of the group. He mainly plays the guitar, but he can also play the on the keyboards and the piano.

Sharon Corr 
Sharon Corr (born 24 March 1970) plays the violin, keyboards, and does backing vocals and vocals on her own (vocals means "singing").

Caroline Corr 
Caroline Corr, (born 17 March 1973) plays the drums, the "percussion", the bodhran, the piano, and also does backing vocals.

Andrea Corr 
Andrea Corr (born 17 May 1974) plays the tin whistle and does the lead vocals.

Early history 
The Corrs created themselves in 1991 to try to get in the movie The Commitments. Jim, Sharon, and Caroline got a small part as musicians, while Andrea got a speaking part as Sharon Rabbitte, sister of the main character. It was while they were trying out for this movie that they were noticed by their manager, John Hughes.

Their music has been released through Atlantic Records, a music company.

Their first album, Forgiven, Not Forgotten, was most popular in Australia. They then did another album called Talk On Corners, which was very popular in Ireland and Britain.

Albums released 
 Jupiter Calling (2017)
 White Light (2015)
 Home (2005)
 Borrowed Heaven (2004)
 The Best Of The Corrs (2001)
 In Blue (2000)
 Talk on Corners (1998)
 Forgiven, Not Forgotten (1995)

DVDs they have been on 
 Best Of The Corrs 2002
 Live In London 2001
 Live At Lansdowne Road 2000
 Unplugged 2000
 Live At The Royal Albert Hall 2000

References 
 The Corrs Rock (fans website with discussion board)

Other websites 
 Official Corrs site 
 The Corrs Infopage (fan website)

1990s establishments in the Republic of Ireland
1990s Irish music groups
2000s Irish music groups
2010s Irish music groups
Folk music groups
Irish pop music groups
Irish rock bands
Musical groups established in 1990
Musical quartets
Pop rock bands
Aaron

Aaron is a person described in the Bible and the Qu'ran. He was the older brother of Moses. He helped Moses lead the Hebrews out of Egypt. In the Bible, he appeared very much in Exodus.

Moses' helper 
Aaron spoke for Moses, when he went to tell Pharaoh the King of Egypt everything God wanted Moses to say. The Lord said to Moses (Exodus 7:1 to 3), "See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet. You are to say everything I command you, and your brother Aaron is to tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go out of his country...".

Aaron's staff

Aaron's staff was used by the Lord a few times when trying to persuade the Pharaoh to let the Israelites go. The Lord ordered Moses and Aaron, "When Pharaoh says to you, 'Perform a miracle,' then say to Aaron, Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh', and it will become a snake." So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and Aaron did so. Aaron's staff, according to the Bible, really became a snake and ate up all the other snakes that the Pharaoh's magicians had made. Also, Aaron's staff was used to make the Nile River all turn into blood. He "stretched it out", and the fish in the Nile died, and the river smelled; and the Egyptians could not drink the water, as it was recorded in the Bible.

Old Testament people
Ancient Israeli people
15th-century BC deaths
Paula Abdul

Paula Julie Abdul (; born June 19, 1962) is an American singer and dancer. She had a string of hit songs and choreographed (planned) many dances for herself and others, including singer-songwriter Janet Jackson.  Musically, she is known for her late-1980s number-one singles "Straight Up" and "Cold Hearted", along with the 1990s number-one hit "Opposites Attract".  She won a Grammy Award for "Best Music Video – Short Form" for "Opposites Attract". She was a judge on the television show American Idol for its first eight seasons. She has a mezzo-soprano vocal range.

Abdul is Jewish.

=Discography

Studio albums 
 Forever Your Girl (1988)
 Spellbound (1991)
 Head over Heels (1995)

Tours and residencies
Headlining
Under My Spell Tour (1991–92)
Straight Up Paula! (2018–19)

Co-headlining
Club MTV Live (1989)
Total Package Tour (2017)

Residency
Paula Abdul: Forever Your Girl (2019–20)

Filmography

Film

Television

As Choreographer

Awards and honors

See also
 List of artists who reached number one in the United States
 List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Adult Contemporary chart
 List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart
 List of artists who reached number one on the Australian singles chart

References

External links

 
 
 
 
 

1962 births
Living people
American dancers
American Idol
American pop musicians
Television personalities from Los Angeles
American choreographers
Emmy Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Mezzo-sopranos
Singers from Los Angeles
American contemporary R&B singers
American R&B singers
American pop singers
American new jack swing singers
American hip hop musicians
American dance musicians
American Jews
Douglas Adams

Douglas Adams (11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001) was a British writer. He is most famous for his The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series.

Adams was born in Cambridge. When he was a few months old he moved to East London and a few years later to Brentwood, Essex. He originally received attention when he wrote for the popular TV shows Monty Python and Doctor Who in the 1970s. In 1978 he wrote a science-fiction radio series called The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. It was later turned into a novel. In the early 1980s, it became a television series and in 2005 it became a movie produced by Disney. Adams also wrote several sequels for radio and as novels. He was also known for his humorous detective novels starring Dirk Gently, and for his efforts to conserve endangered species. He was an atheist. In 2001, Adams died of a heart attack while he was working out at the gym in Montecito, California, United States.

References 

1952 births
2001 deaths
British atheists
English novelists
People from Brentwood, Essex
Writers from Essex
Tom Arnold

Tom Arnold (born March 6, 1959) is an American actor and comedian. He was born in Ottumwa, Iowa. He became famous when he married Roseanne Barr in 1990, another comedian and star of the popular sitcom, Roseanne, who he divorced in 1994. Recently, he was one of the original hosts of the talk show, "The Best Damn Sports Show Period!" on Fox Sports. In November 2009, he married Ashley Groussman.

References

Other websites 

Hollywood.com’s Tom Arnold profile
Tom Arnold on Officer Phil’s KUSI-TV page

1959 births
Living people
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Iowa
Comedians from Iowa
Bea Arthur

Beatrice "Bea" Arthur (May 13, 1922 - April 25, 2009) was an American actress, comedian, and singer, best known for her roles in Maude and The Golden Girls. She was Jewish.

Early life
Arthur was born in Brooklyn, New York City. Her parents were Philip and Rebecca Frankelin. She grew up in Cambridge, Maryland. After high school and the junior college she did an apprenticeship as a Medical Laboratory Technician and she was as a volunteer for the United States Marine Corps.

Career

Theater
In 1946 she moved back to New York and studied acting with Erwin Piscator.

Personal life
In the 1940s, she was married to author and producer Robert Alan Arthur.

In 1950, she married Gene Saks.

References

Other websites 

 
 Playbill biography

1922 births
2009 deaths
Actors from New York City
American feminists
American LGBT rights activists
American military personnel of World War II
American movie actors
American television actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Comedians from New York City
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
Emmy Award winning actors
Jewish activists
Jewish American actors
Jewish American musicians
Jewish comedians
Jewish feminists
Singers from New York City
Tony Award winning actors
American stage actors
United States Marine Corps personnel
Dave Attell

Dave Attell (born January 18, 1965) is an American comedian and host of the TV show Insomniac with Dave Attell, shown on Comedy Central in the United States.

Comedians from New York City
1965 births
Living people
Karel Appel

Christiaan Karel Appel (; 25 April 1921 – 3 May 2006) was a Dutch painter. He painted in the abstract expressionist style. He was known for his childlike style.

1921 births
2006 deaths
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Dutch painters
People from Amsterdam
Dutch sculptors
Randy Bachman

Randall Charles Bachman (born September 27, 1943 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a Canadian musician. He was a member of the rock groups The Guess Who and later Bachman–Turner Overdrive.

Other websites
Official website

1943 births
Living people
Canadian rock guitarists
Canadian rock singers
Musicians from Winnipeg
J. M. Barrie

Sir James Matthew Barrie, 1st Baronet, OM (9 May 1860 – 19 June 1937) was a Scottish writer. His best-known work is Peter Pan.

Barrie was born in Kirriemuir. He died of pneumonia in London. 

1860 births
1937 deaths
British children's writers
Scottish novelists
People from Angus
Charon

Charon can mean:
Charon, the ferryman to the Greek underworld in Greek mythology
Charon (moon), a moon of the dwarf planet, Pluto
Charon (band), a Finnish gothic metal band
Charon (web browser), a web browser for the Inferno operating system
Charon (Forever War), a fictional planet in the Forever War
Charon (animal), a genus of amblypygid
Charon (cars), a Dutch automobile manufacturer
Charon of Lampsacus|Charon of Lampsacus, ancient Greek logographer
CHARON, a programming language 
Charon (Dungeons & Dragons), a lord of the yugoloths whose primary function is to provide passage across the River Styx for a steep price
Charon (CrossGen), a comic book character from CrossGen Entertainment's Sigilverse
Charon QC (Law), a law blog http://charonqc.wordpress.com/
Charon (The Three Worlds), a fictional human species from Ian Irvine's arc of novels, The Three Worlds.
Riga

Riga is the capital city of the European country of Latvia. Riga is on river Daugava near the Baltic Sea.  The historical center of Riga is in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List and is notable for its Art Nouveau architecture, which, according to UNESCO, has no equal in the world. 

The mayor of Riga was Mārtiņš Staķis.  He resigned in July 2023. 

The current mayor of Riga is Vilnis Ķirsis. He became the mayor on July 5, 2023.

History 
Riga was founded in 1201. It was a castle of the Teutonic Order.

In 1710 during the Great Northern War the city was incorporated to Russia. Then it became a center of Courland province.

Since 1918 Riga has been the capital city of Latvia, including Soviet Latvia in 1940-1991.

On June 30, 1941 German troops captured Riga. The city was liberated on October 15, 1944.

People 
The Riga inhabitants are named “Rīdzinieki” on Latvian and “рижане”(rizhani) on Russian.

Most of the people by ethnic origin are Latvian (45%) and 40% are Russian. Historically the city had large German population. Among other ethnic groups there are Byelorussians, Poles and Jews.

In the 16th century, Riga was one of the largest cities on the Baltic Sea coast, with a population of about 16,000. The population fell to about 6000 in 1720, but grew rapidly later, reaching 517,000 in 1913. The world wars reduced the population. It reached its peak in 1990 — 909,135 people.

Economy 
During the Soviet period the Riga wagon building factory made a very big number of local trains.

The Latvian National Theatre is in Riga.

Transportation 
The are 8 tram and 18 trolley routes run by Rīgas Satiksme.

Notable people 
Vera Mukhina, sculptor.
Sergey Eisenstein, movie director.
Mikhail Zadornov, writer.
Oleg Znarok, ice hockey player and coach.

References

Other websites 
 Riga Photos 

 
1201 establishments
Establishments in Latvia
1200s establishments in Europe
Lincoln, Nebraska

The city of Lincoln is the capital city of Nebraska, United States. Only Omaha has more people of any city in Nebraska. Lincoln is also the county seat of Lancaster County and the home of the University of Nebraska. Lincoln's 2020 Census population was 291,082.

Lincoln was founded in 1856 as the village of Lancaster. It became the county seat of the newly created Lancaster County in 1859. The capital of Nebraska Territory had been Omaha since the start of the territory in 1854. Most of the territory's population lived south of the Platte River. After much of the territory south of the Platte became a part of Kansas, the legislature voted to move the capital south of the river and as far west as possible. They made the village of Lancaster the new capital, in part due to the salt flats and marshes.

People from Omaha tried to stop the move by renaming Lancaster after the recently killed President Abraham Lincoln. Many of the people south of the river had wanted the Confederate to win the recent Civil War. These people thought that the legislature would not approve the move if the future capital were named after Lincoln. The plan did not work, as Lancaster was renamed Lincoln and also became the state capital upon Nebraska's admission to the Union on March 1, 1867.  The people either liked or disliked the new name depending on how they felt about the Civil War.

Nebraska State Capitol was designed by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue and constructed between 1922 and 1932. The capitol building is a skyscraper topped by a golden dome. The tower is crowned by a 6-meter (20 ft) statue of a farmer sowing grain on a pedestal of wheat and corn, to represent the state's agricultural heritage. City zoning rules prevent any other building from rivaling it in height, making it a landmark not only within the city but for the surrounding area. Inside, there are many paintings and iridescent murals showing Native American heritage and the history and culture of the early pioneers who settled Nebraska. It is the second tallest U.S. State Capitol building behind the Louisiana State Capitol building in Baton Rouge.

In March of 2023, Red Way was announced to start operating from Lincoln Airport, but, in August of 2023, because the airline was running out of money, the airline decided to shut down.

Lincoln has a humid continental climate (Dfa in the Köppen climate classification).

References

County seats in Nebraska
 
State capitals in the United States
1856 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nuclear fission

Nuclear fission is a kind of nuclear reaction.  It is when an atom splits apart into smaller atoms.  Some fission reactions give off a lot of energy, and are used in nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors. Nuclear fission was discovered in December 1938 by physicists Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch, who observed a uranium nucleus splitting in two. Although they originally thought the two tiny resulting nuclei were barium isotopes, what Meitner and Frisch truly saw was a process that would revolutionize nuclear chemistry: nuclear fission

An atom is the smallest particle which makes up a chemical element (e.g. hydrogen, oxygen, magnesium). All atoms are very small. Atoms are made of three components or particles: Protons, neutrons and electrons. The protons and neutrons are clumped together in a ball called a nucleus, at the center of every atom. The electrons orbit around the nucleus in its 'electron cloud'. Elements which have large nuclei, such as uranium and plutonium, can be made to fission. 

If a (relatively) very large atomic nucleus is hit by a slow-moving neutron, it will sometimes become unstable and break into two nuclei. When the nucleus breaks apart (or fissions) it releases energy, mostly as gamma rays and heat.  It also causes some neutrons to be released from the nucleus.

For a few isotopes (an atom with the same amount of protons but a different amount of neutrons) such fission can release many neutrons.  If those neutrons then hit other atoms, they will make the other atoms split. This can happen again and again. This is called a nuclear chain-reaction, and it can release huge amounts of energy. Nuclear chain-reactions occur most commonly with Uranium-235. The splitting of Uranium-235 is jumpstarted when a neutron is slammed into its positively charged nucleus. This results in two lighter isotopes (Barium-141 and Krypton-92), whose total mass is less than that of the original Uranium isotope. The “mass defect” is converted into various forms of energy. A neutron is also released, triggering the afore-mentioned chain reaction as each additional neutron causes further collisions with existing Uranium isotopes in the environment. 

This reaction can also occur "spontaneously" if the original nucleus is highly unstable. The resulting products are radioactive isotopes, but do not  release enough energy to generate usable power or make a bomb due to the lack of a chain reaction.  

In a nuclear bomb, this must happen very quickly to make a very big explosion.  The amount of energy released in the explosion is measured in kilotons.  One kiloton is the same as the energy of one thousand tons of TNT (trinitrotoluene).
  
In a nuclear reactor this must happen slowly to make heat.  The heat is used to boil water into steam, which turns a steam turbine to generate electricity.

References

Other websites 

 Annotated bibliography for nuclear fission from the Alsos Digital Library 

Nuclear energy
Nuclear physics
1903

1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar.

Aer, music, theatre, literature 
 Edwin S. Porter's The Great Train Robbery is released.

Events 
 December 17 – Orville Wright of the Wright brothers flies an airplane at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
 Abeerden Football Club founded in Scotland.

Births

January

February 

 February 8 – Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)

March 

 March 24 – Adolf Butenandt, German chemist (d. 1995)

April

May 

 May 3 – Bing Crosby, American singer and actor (d. 1977)

June 

 June 21 – Al Hirschfeld, American caricaturist (d. 2003)
 June 25 – George Orwell, English writer (d. 1950)

July 
 July 2 – Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)

August

September

October

November

December

Deaths 
 May 8 – Paul Gauguin, French painter

 

nv:1901 – 1950
The Fantastic Four

The Fantastic Four is a team of superheroes. The team originally first appeared  in a series of comic books created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. It was published by Marvel Comics starting in 1961. They also appeared in several cartoons and films as well. 

The members of the group are scientist Reed Richards, his girlfriend/wife Sue Storm, her teenage brother Johnny Storm, and Ben Grimm, a friend of them. While test flying a rocket ship, they are affected by cosmic rays, and gain superpowers. Richards becomes "Mr. Fantastic" who can stretch his limbs and body for long distances and sizes. Sue became the "Invisible Girl/Woman" who could make herself invisible, create force fields, and other things. Johnny transformed into the "Human Torch" who can become a giant ball of fire. Ben turned into a rock-like creature with super-strength, called "The Thing". 

They decide to use these powers for good and work from their laboratory in a New York City skyscraper.

 
Marvel Comics adapted into movies
Bob Barker

Robert William "Bob" Barker (December 12, 1923 – August 26, 2023) was an American television game show host and animal rights activist. He was best known for hosting CBS's  The Price is Right from 1972 to 2007 and for hosting Truth or Consequences from 1956 to 1974.

Early life
Barker was born Robert William Barker on December 12, 1923 in Darrington, Washington. He was of Sioux descent.

Barker met his future wife, Dorothy Jo Gideon, at an Ella Fitzgerald concert while he was attending high school in Missouri; they began dating when he was 15. He went to Drury College (now Drury University) in Springfield, Missouri.

Career
Barker started hosting Truth or Consequences on December 31, 1956. He continued with the program until 1974. On December 4, 1957, Barker began hosting a new Ralph Edwards creation, the short-lived End of the Rainbow for NBC. 

On September 4, 1972, Barker began hosting the CBS revival of The Price Is Right. On October 15, 1987, Barker did what other MCs almost never did: he stopped using hair dye and allowed his hair to turn gray.

On October 31, 2006, Barker made his announcement that he would retire from The Price Is Right in June 2007. He taped his last episode on June 6, 2007. The show aired twice on June 15.

Barker acted as himself in the 1996 Adam Sandler comedy movie Happy Gilmore.

Barker won nineteen Daytime Emmy Awards.

Barker broke Johnny Carson's record for continuous performances on the same network television show, appearing for a total of twenty-nine years. At the time of his retirement at aged 83, Barker held the record of oldest person to host a regularly scheduled game show.

Personal life
Barker married Dorothy Jo Gideon in 1945. He had no children. Despite retiring from television, Barker was an active animal rights activist. In 1993, Dian Parkinson sued Barker for sexual harassment and the lawsuit was dropped in 1995.

Barker was a skin cancer survivor. On September 17, 2010, Barker collapsed at an L.A. shooting range. He was treated at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center for an adverse drug reaction and released.

Barker died on August 26, 2023 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 99. The cause of death was problems caused by Alzheimer's disease.

References

Other websites

 
 Bob Barker at Academy of Television Arts & Sciences

1923 births
2023 deaths
American game show hosts
Emmy Award winners
Actors from Missouri
20th-century American people
Actors from Washington (state)
American animal rights activists
American environmentalists
American movie actors
American television actors
American military personnel of World War II
American television producers
Military people from Washington (state)
Actors from South Dakota
Vegetarians
People from Springfield, Missouri
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Connect Four

Connect Four is a simple game. To win, players must put four of the same color markers in the yellow square so that they touch.

Gameplay
Example:

0= White Marker

o= Black Marker

An example of winning connect four: the player can see the 4 o's all connected together in a pattern.

oooo

An example of a move that does not let the player win:

0oo0

Games
Sam Neill

Nigel James Dermot "Sam" Neill (born 14 September 1947) is a New Zealand actor. He has been in lots of movies. Neill has been in Jurassic Park, Dead Calm, Event Horizon, Sirens and lots of other very famous movies. In recent years, he appeared in Thor: Ragnarok (2017) and Peter Rabbit (2018).

Neill was born on 14 September 1947 in Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland to a New Zealander father and English mother. He moved to New Zealand in 1954. He studied at Christ's College, Canterbury and at University of Canterbury. Neill was married to Lisa Harrow until they divorced in 1989. Then he was married to Noriko Watanabe. He has two children. Neill has New Zealand and Irish citizenships.

In March 2023, Neill revealed that he had been having chemotherapy treatment after being diagnosed with stage 3 T cell lymphoma, a type of blood cancer.

References

Other websites

 
 Two Paddocks official website 

Actors from Northern Ireland
Irish movie actors
Irish stage actors
Irish television actors
Irish voice actors
New Zealand movie actors
New Zealand stage actors
New Zealand television actors
New Zealand voice actors
People from South Island
1947 births
Living people
1928

The year 1928 (MCMXXIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. It was also a leap year starting on Saturday on the Julian calendar. This is before Tuesday, January 1, 1929, with an adoption of the Gregorian calendar from every state in the entire world.

Events 
 January 31 – Leon Trotsky is exiled to Kazakhstan
 February 8 – British inventor John Logie Baird sends the first television signal across the Atlantic Ocean, from London to New York
 May 7 – The United Kingdom gives equal voting rights to women by passing the Representation of the People Act.  This law allows women to vote when they are 21 years old, like men.  Before this, women could not vote until they were 30.
 June 9 – Australian flyer Charles Kingsford Smith finishes the first airplane flight across the Pacific Ocean.
 September 28 – Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
 October 2 – Josemaria Escriva starts Opus Dei.

Births

January 

 January 5 – Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan and 4th President of Pakistan (d. 1979)

February 
 February 1 – Stuart Whitman, American actor
 February 22 – Sir Bruce Forsyth, British entertainer and television presenter
 February 26 – Fats Domino, American musician
 February 28 – Sir Stanley Baker, Welsh actor (d. 1976)
 February 29 – Joss Ackland, British actor

March 
 March 5 – Diana Coupland, British actress
 March 6 - Glyn Owen, Welsh actor (d. 2004)
 March 20 – Fred Rogers, American television children's program host and writer (d. 2003)

April 

 April 7 – James Garner, American actor (Maverick, The Rockford Files)
 April 23 – Shirley Temple, American child actress and diplomat (d. 2014)
 April 24 – Tommy Docherty, Scottish footballer and manager of Manchester United F.C. (1973-1977)
 April 30 – Dickie Davies, British television sports presenter (World of Sport)

May 

 May 4 – Hosni Mubarak, 4th President of Egypt and Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2020)
 May 12 – Burt Bacharach, American composer and songwriter
 May 23
 Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (d. 2002)
 Nigel Davenport, British actor (d. 2013)
 May 30 – Clint Walker, American actor (Cheyenne)

June 

 June 1 – Bob Monkhouse, British actor, comedian, writer and television game show host (d. 2003)
 June 14 – Che Guevara, Argentinian Marxist revolutionary (d. 1967)

July 

 July 12
 Sir Alastair Burnett, British journalist and television newsreader (ITV)
 Kathy Staff, British actress (Crossroads, Last of the Summer Wine)
 July 26 – Stanley Kubrick, American movie director (d. 1999)

August 
 August 10 – Eddie Fisher, American singer (d. 2010)
 August 22 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (d. 2007)

September 
 September 19 – Adam West, American actor (Batman, Family Guy)

October

November 

 November 10 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer, orchestrator and conductor (d. 2022)

December 

 December 1 - Malachi Throne, American television actor (d. 2013)
 December 12 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani writer (d. 2008)
 December 30 – Bo Diddley, American rock and roll musician (d. 2008).

Deaths 
 February 4 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and mathematician
Notepad

Notepad is a word processing program, which allows changing of text in a computer file.  Notepad was created by the Microsoft corporation.  It is a text editor, a very simple word processor.  It has been a part of Microsoft Windows since 1985. The program has options such as changing the font, the font size, and the font style. The most common use for Notepad is to view or change (edit) text (.txt) files, though .dat and .ini files can be changed in Notpad as well. Many users find Notepad a simple program for creating webpages.

Unlike using special software programs to create webpages, a Notepad user must write their webpages directly in the HTML markup language.

Word processors
Microsoft Windows software