alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Nicolas Atwood

Nicolas Atwood is an American animal rights activist based in West Palm Beach, Florida. He maintains the Malaysia-registered Bite Back direct-action website, which is associated with the Animal Liberation Front.


Background
Originally from Chaska, Minnesota, Atwood is a former arts promoter with a postgraduate degree in business management from New York University. He has a number of animal rights-related convictions, including criminal damage.

SHAC and SPEAK
Atwood is said by The Sunday Times to have traveled to Britain to meet Greg Avery of the Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC) campaign, which aims to close Huntingdon Life Sciences, a British and U.S.-based contract animal testing company.

Atwood is also allegedly involved in the SPEAK campaign to stop the construction by Oxford University of a new animal-testing laboratory, believed by animal-rights activists to include plans for a new primate facility. According to The Sunday Times, he has sent out e-mails naming Oxford academics who are targets of the animal rights movement, including Colin Blakemore, former head of the British Medical Research Council.

Notes

External links 
Bite Back website

Animal Liberation Front
American male criminals
New York University Stern School of Business alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American animal rights activists
People from Chaska, Minnesota
Michael Cavendish

Michael Cavendish (c. 1565 – 1628) was an English composer of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods.

A grandson of the writer George Cavendish and second cousin to Arabella Stuart, he spent much time at court and was for a time composer to the future King Charles I of England. In 1598, he published a set of songs with lute accompaniment, called Ayres in Tabletorie. He also collaborated with Thomas Morley.

References

External links

1560s births
1628 deaths
Michael Cavendish
16th-century English composers
17th-century English composers
English male composers
17th-century male musicians
Chứt people

The Chut (Vietnamese: Người Chứt, Rục language: Cheut /rocky mountain) are a small ethnic group located in the Minh Hóa and Tuyên Hóa districts of Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam's North Central Coast.

Chut is not a distinct group but a collective name for five different Vietic-speaking groups in Quảng Bình, namely the Arem, the Rục, the Maliêng/Mã Liêng, the Mày, and the Sách. In 1973, Vietnamese researchers decided to group these peoples into a new crafted ethnic group called Chứt. In accordance with the Resolution of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, #121/TCTK/PPCD of March 2, 1979 List of ethnic groups in Vietnam, the Chut ethnonym was recognized at the state level as the common name for five groups (Arem, Mã Liêng, Mày, Rục, and Sách).

The Chut are one of the 4 main groups of Vietic speakers in Vietnam, the others being the Kinh, Muong, and Thổ. The nearby speakers of the Nguồn language are related to the Chut, but are classified by the Vietnamese government as Kinh.

Culture 
Before 1954, the Chut were ignored by the colonial government. Traditionally, they were nomadic, living in temporary villages. However, they have now adopted a sedentary lifestyle. The name "Chut" refers to the cave and rock dwellings they once lived in. Originally, the Chut hunted small animals with crossbows and gathered fruit and fungi. They also use different traps to catch monkeys, civets, foxes, porcupines, birds and mice. Now, they grow rice, corn and tobacco, sowing the seeds with a stick. They also raise buffalo and cattle for plowing. Collective hunting is still done with dogs. When a large animal is caught, the hunter gets the back meat and the rest is divided equally among the others. They also catch fish using fishing rods, fishing nets and poisonous leaves. The Chut do not traditionally grow and weave cotton. In the past, traditional clothing was made from bark and consisted of simple loin-cloths and skirts, but now they wear modern clothing. Often, they barter with the Lao and Viet for goods such as farming equipment.

Sub-groups 
There are multiple sub-ethnic groups within the Chut designation including the Rục, Mày, Arem, Mã Liêng people, and Sách.

Language 
Chut sub-groups all speak the Chut language with dialects, except the Arem, which speaks the Arem language. Both languages are included in the Vietic branch of the Austroasiatic family.

Geographic distribution 
The population of Chứt people in Vietnam was 7,513 according to the 2019 census. They mostly live in Quảng Bình Province (6,572 people, comprising 87.5% of all Chứt in Vietnam).

References

External links
Profile at Highland Education Development Organization
Profile at Uy Ban Dan Toc

Vietic peoples
Ethnic groups in Vietnam
Ethnic groups in Laos
Fabian Schönheim

Fabian Schönheim (born 14 February 1987) is a German professional footballer who plays as a defender. He is a free agent.

Early career
After spending the first part of his youth career with local side Rehborn, Schönheim signed for Kaiserslautern and played in their youth team for a further four years. He then, in 2005, began in the first team aged 18. He went on to make nearly 50 league appearances for the club and the reserves. He was at the club when they were relegated from the Bundesliga in the 2005–06 season.

Club career

SV Wehen Wiesbaden
He joined newly relegated 3. Liga side Wehen Wiesbaden. He played a big role at the club for two seasons, played in 74 league games and scored 4 times.

Mainz 05
The defender then moved to 1. FSV Mainz 05 in 2011 but struggled to break into the first team and only played ten games for  the reserve side.

Union Berlin
The following season Schönheim joined 2. Bundesliga outfit Union Berlin. He has been involved in many unsuccessful promotion pushes since joining and has now played more than 100 games for the club. He has also spent the majority of his professional career at Union and scored 5 goals.

International career
Schönheim made six appearances at U-19 level for Germany. He also played ten times at U-21 level.

External links
 
 

1987 births
Living people
People from Bad Kreuznach (district)
German men's footballers
Germany men's under-21 international footballers
Germany men's youth international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
3. Liga players
1. FC Kaiserslautern players
1. FC Kaiserslautern II players
SV Wehen Wiesbaden players
SV Wehen Wiesbaden II players
1. FSV Mainz 05 players
1. FSV Mainz 05 II players
1. FC Union Berlin players
Footballers from Rhineland-Palatinate
Rapateaceae

The Rapateaceae are a family of flowering plants. The botanical name has been recognized by most taxonomists.

The APG II system of 2003 also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. This represents a slight change from the APG system, 1998, which left the family unplaced as to order, but placed it in the same clade (although it used the spelling "commelinoids"). The family is divided into 16 genera with a total of about 94 known species, found in tropical South America and tropical west Africa.

The Cronquist system of 1981 also recognized this family and placed it in the order Commelinales in the subclass Commelinidae in class Liliopsida in division Magnoliophyta.

Genera

References

External links
 Links at CSDL

 
Poales families
Dymchurch railway station

Dymchurch railway station is on the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway in Kent, England. It is five miles (eight km) south of Hythe, and surrounded by flat countryside.

The station opened on 16 July 1927 as Dymchurch (Marshlands), to distinguish it from a nearby station called Burmarsh for East Dymchurch and later as Dymchurch Bay.

The station has two platforms connected by a footbridge. On the 'up' platform there is a shelter and a station master's house. On the 'down' platform is a station building incorporating a booking office and staff room, a shop selling souvenirs and refreshments, and a women's toilet. The men's toilets are in the supporting pillars of the footbridge, although only that on the 'down' platform is in use.

The station is a tourist destination, largely for the sandy beaches nearby, the holiday arcades and an amusement park. It has three staff during the summer (one only, out of season). It is a block station for train control purposes.

History 
Originally larger, the 1920s station had three platforms (two through platforms and a bay platform) with an overall roof, a signal box, a turntable, and a mainline crossover to allow shuttle trains from New Romney. These never happened, and the turntable was removed in the 1930s. A second crossover was installed before the war and shuttles worked between Dymchurch and Hythe via Burmarsh Road. The signalbox was removed in the 1960s, and the remaining four switches bolted in the normal position, primitive colour-light signals being worked by domestic light switches from the booking office for normal block operations. They were not interlocked with the points, or each other. These signals were subsequently removed.

Heritage railway stations in Kent
Transport in Folkestone and Hythe
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1927
Susanne Nielsson

Susanne Schultz Nielsson (born 8 July 1960 in Århus) is a former swimmer from Denmark, who won the bronze medal in the women's 100 metres breaststroke competition at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. She represented the club AGF Aarhus.

External links
Sports-Reference profile

References

1960 births
Living people
Olympic swimmers for Denmark
Olympic bronze medalists for Denmark
Swimmers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Aarhus
Olympic bronze medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Danish female breaststroke swimmers
Ra (Open Constituency, Fiji)

Ra Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. It is located in the northern part of the main island of Vanua Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Election results 
In the following tables, the primary vote refers to first-preference votes cast.  The final vote refers to the final tally after votes for low-polling candidates have been progressively redistributed to other candidates according to pre-arranged electoral agreements (see electoral fusion), which may be customized by the voters (see instant run-off voting).

1999

2001

2006

Sources 
 Psephos - Adam Carr's electoral archive
 Fiji Facts
The Invincibles

The Invincibles may refer to:

Sport
 The Invincibles (Australian rules football), the 1914 Port Adelaide team
 The Invincibles (cricket), the 1948 Australian team
 The Invincibles (English football), the 1888–89 Preston North End and 2003–04 Arsenal teams
 The Invincibles (rugby league), the 1982 Australian team
 The Invincibles (rugby union), the 1924–25 New Zealand team

Other uses
 Les Invincibles, a French-Canadian TV series
 Irish National Invincibles, a group of extremist Irish Republicans in the 1880s
 The Invincibles with Arbaaz Khan, an internet talk show hosted by Indian actor Arbaaz Khan

See also
 Invincible (disambiguation)
 The Incredibles (disambiguation)
 The Invisibles (disambiguation)
Jalynn Bennett

Jalynn H. Bennett,  (12 March 1943 – 23 January 2015) was a Canadian consultant and corporate director.

Over the course of her career, she was a member of the Board of Directors of Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Nortel Networks, Teck Cominco, Sears Canada, Cadillac Fairview, Bombardier, Rexel Canada Electrical, CanWest Global Communications Corporation, Ontario Power Generation, Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, Canada Millennium Scholarship Foundation, the Ontario government's Public Accountants Council, and the Hospital for Sick Children Foundation.

Biography
Born in Toronto, Ontario, she attended Wellesley College from 1962 to 1963, before receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from University of Trinity College in 1965.

She joined the Manufacturers Life Insurance Company eventually becoming the Vice President of Corporate Development from 1985 to 1989. In 1989, she founded her own consulting firm called Jalynn H. Bennett and Associates Limited which specializes in strategic planning and organizational development.

From 1989 to 1994, she was a Director of the Bank of Canada. From 1989 to 1994, she was a Commissioner of the Ontario Securities Commission. From 1994 to 1999, she was the Chair of the Trent University Board of Governors.

In 2000, she was made a Member of the Order of Canada for her "impressive financial career". In 1999, she was made a Fellow of the Institute of Corporate Directors. In 2004, she was awarded an honorary degree from University of Trinity College.

References

Sources
 
 
 
 

1943 births
2015 deaths
Businesspeople from Toronto
Directors of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
Members of the Order of Canada
Trinity College (Canada) alumni
Wellesley College alumni
Canadian women in business
Canadian corporate directors
Directors of Nortel
Canadian telecommunications industry businesspeople
Women corporate directors
Technology corporate directors

id:Jalynn Bennett
min:Jalynn Bennett
su:Jalynn Bennett
BA School of Business and Finance

BA School of Business and Finance () is one of the leading, self-financing business schools in Latvia. It was founded in 1992 as a Banking College under the Bank of Latvia and received accreditation in 1997

In 2007 BA School of Business and Finance celebrated its 15th anniversary. It supports United Nations initiative and follows the Principles for Responsible Management Education. On December 11 BA School of Business and Finance announced its decision to achieve Investors in Excellence Standard (a national standard which is based on the concepts of Excellence and the nine criteria of the widely used European Excellence Model (EFQM)).

Today it offers undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate programmes in Economics and Entrepreneurship, Business Administration and Finance. The study processes have gained an explicit international dimension. Graduates are nationally and internationally recognized entrepreneurs, managers, consultants, experts and professionals.

Studies 
The school offers the following study programmes:

First level professional education programmes
 Entrepreneurship
 Banking Operations
 Accountancy and Finance

Bachelor's degree study programmes
 Business administration
 Finance
 Risk management and Insurance
 Innovation and Product Development in Business

Master's degree study programmes
 Business Administration
 Finance
 International finance and Banking (double degree programme with the Swiss Business School based in Zürich)
 Creative Industries Management
 Innovative Entrepreneurship
 Financial Management
 Cybersecurity ManagementDoctor's study programme (3 years)'''
 Joint Doctoral Programme in Business Administration

Membership in international organizations 
 Network of International Business Schools
 Professional Inter-University Management for Educational Networking
 European Association of Institutions in Higher Education
 Baltic Management Development Association
 Central and East European Management Development Association
 European Network for Business Studies and Languages
 European Foundation for Management Development
 Midlands Excellence/Investor in Excellence

References

Business schools in Latvia
Education in Riga
Educational institutions established in 1992
1992 establishments in Latvia
Naval School (Brazil)

The Naval School (, EN) is a higher education military academy which aims to train officers for the Brazilian Navy. It is located in Rio de Janeiro, on Villegagnon Island just inside of Guanabara Bay.

History
The Brazilian Naval School has its direct origins in the Portuguese Royal Naval Academy created in Lisbon, Portugal in the 18th century.

In 1782, the Company of Midshipmen (Companhia dos Guardas-Marinhas) was created to frame and train the midshipmen (naval officer candidates) of the Portuguese Navy. The Company of Midshipmen was installed in the building of the Naval Arsenal of Lisbon.

The Royal Academy of the Midshipmen (Academia Real dos Guardas-Marinhas) was created in 1792, as a university-level naval academy. This Academy integrated the already existing Company of Midshipmen as its student corps.

In 1807, the Army of Napoleon invaded Portugal. In order not to be captured by the Napoleonic forces and maintain the independence of the Kingdom, the Portuguese Royal Court and government are transferred to the Portuguese colony of Brazil, continuing to rule from there. The Royal Academy of the Midshipmen and its Company of Midshipmen also embark in the naval fleet that carries the Royal Court to Brazil and are installed in Rio de Janeiro, in 1808.

In 1823, one year following the independence of Brazil, the faculty and the students of the Academy of the Midshipmen had to choose either the Brazilian or the Portuguese nationality. Those that chose the Portuguese nationality returned to Portugal and the others remained in Brazil. Then, two academies come into existence: the Imperial Academy of Midshipmen (Academia Imperial dos Guardas-Marinhas) in the Empire of Brazil and the Royal Academy of Midshipmen in the Kingdom of Portugal (that would become the present Portuguese Naval School).

The Brazilian Imperial Academy of Midshipmen become the School of Navy (Escola de Marinha), in 1858. In 1887, it became the Naval School (Escola Naval).

Regatta
To celebrate its foundation, every year the Navy promotes the traditional Naval Academy Regatta, the largest sailing race in Latin America.

Academics

Naval

1-Mechanics
2-Weapons Systems
3-Electronics

Marine Corps

1-Mechanics
2-Weapons Systems
3-Electronics

Others
1- Administration.

Gallery

References

External links
 Official website

Brazilian Navy
Undergraduate military academies of Brazil
Naval academies
Universities and colleges in Rio de Janeiro (city)
Guanabara Bay
Educational institutions established in 1823
1823 establishments in Brazil
Cyprus at the 1980 Summer Olympics

Cyprus competed at the Summer Olympic Games for the first time at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR.

Results by event

Judo
Men's under 60 kg
 Spyros Spyrou
 First Round — Defeated Ashkhoussen Mamodaly Yusei Gachi (Madagascar)
 Second Round —Lost Jürg Röthlisberger (Switzerland)

Men's under 65 kg
 Constantinos Constantinou - Round 1

Men's under 71 kg
 Neophytos Aresti - Round 1

Men's under 86 kg
 Spyros Spyrou
 First Round — Estrella Milton (Ecuador) in 5:00
 Second Round —Lost Holliday Hohn Ippon (United Kingdom|Great Britain) in 2:28

Men's under 95 kg
 Panicos Evripidou - Round 1

Swimming
Men's 100 m Backstroke
 Laris Phylactou
 Heats — 1:08.92 (→ did not advance)

Men's 100 m Breaststroke
 Linos Petridis

Men's 100 m Butterfly
 Linos Petridis
 Heats — 1:06.61 (→ did not advance)

Men's 100 m Freestyle
 Laris Phylactou
 Heats — 57,41 (→ did not advance)

Women's 100 m Backstroke
 Annabel Drousiotou
 Heats — 1:15.85 (→ did not advance)

Women's 100 m Freestyle
 Olga Loizou
 Heats — 1:06.50 (→ did not advance)

Sailing
Men's Finn (single handed dinghy)
 Laris Phylactou- 147 points (21st place)

Men's Double-Handed Dinghy (470)
 Demetrios Demetriou, Panayiotis Nicolaou - 117 points (14th place)

External links
Cyprus in 1980 Olympics by Cyprus Olympic Committee

Nations at the 1980 Summer Olympics
1980
Summer Olympics
Computers for Schools

Computers for Schools may refer to:
Computers for Schools (Canada), a Canadian program founded in 1993
Computers for Schools, a scheme operated by the British retailer Tesco

See also
Computers for African Schools (UK)
Computer technology for developing areas
Computers in the classroom
Educational technology
Military College Jhelum

Military College Jhelum (MCJ) is a feeder college to Pakistan Military Academy kakul, Pakistan. Though it is physically located in Gujrat District, due to its very close proximity, it is still associated with the City of Jhelum, and is considered to be in the cantonment limit of Jhelum. The institution feeds the Pakistan Military Academy, Kakul. Military College Jhelum is one of three military colleges in Pakistan; the others being Military College Murree and Military College Sui.

History

The college's foundation stone was laid on 25th February 1922 by the Prince of Wales at Jalandhar Cantonment for the King George Royal Indian Military Schools (KGRIMS) at the Jallandhar and Jhelum in Punjab. Regular classes at the college began on 15 September 1925. Jallandhar is now in the Indian state of Punjab but the school was relocated to the state of Himachal Pradesh after being renamed as the Chail Military School.

Location
Military College Jhelum is located in the district of Gujrat in the town of Sarai Alamgir. Due to its proximity to city of Jhelum and because original Jhelum was on Sarai Alamgir side plus the inclusion of Sarai Alamgir in district Jhelum before 1998, it is widely known as Military College Jhelum (MCJ).

List of Commandants
Commandants and their tenure start dates are:

Notable alumni

The college has produced five four-star generals of Pakistan Army, Air Force and Navy, namely former Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff General Muhammad Iqbal Khan (Late), former Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Zulfiqar Ali Khan (late), former Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Abdul Aziz Mirza, former Vice Chief of Army Staff General Yusaf Khan, and former Chief of Army Staff General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani.

College has 40 Swords of Honour, and many gallantry medals including one Nishan-e-Haider Major Muhammad Akram.

The senior notable military officers of the College Alumni include;
 Lt Gen (R) Muhammad Safdar, SBt, Governor of Punjab and Chief of General Staff, GHQ
 Lt General (R) Nazar Hussain, HI (M), Commander Army Air Defence Command
 Maj Gen (R) Muhammad Akram,
 Maj Gen (R) Ghazanfar Ali Khan, GOC 41st Infantry Division, Quetta and Vice Chief of General Staff, GHQ
 Lt Gen (R) Raza Muhammad Khan, Commander XXXI Corps, Bahawalpur
 Maj Gen Tariq Mehmood, Deputy DG ISI, Islamabad
 Maj Gen Zahir Shah, Director General Survey of Pakistan
 Lt Gen Javed Iqbal, AG GHQ
 Masood Ashraf Raja, English Professor, University of North Texas
 Maj Gen Obaidullah Khan
 Gen Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, Ex-Chief Of Army Staff Pakistan
 Maj Gen Kamal Anwar Chaudry, IG FC South Balochistan
9184 DC Rayan

See also
 Army Burn Hall College
 List of cadet colleges in Pakistan
 Military College Sui

References

External links
 

Schools in Punjab, Pakistan
Cadet colleges in Pakistan
Military schools in India
Jhelum
Education in Jhelum
Intermediate colleges in Pakistan
1922 establishments in India
Pakistan Military Academy
Greg Burns (Australian rules footballer)

Greg D. Burns (born 21 February 1958) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for St Kilda.

Burns was a tough and uncompromising centreman, who won St Kilda best and fairest twice, in 1984 and again in 1986. He was often one of the few shining lights for the Saints during the club's run of four wooden spoons from 1983 until 1986. His fierce determination to win the ball out of the middle became a trademark and would often stand out in physical contests among opposition of a higher calibre, especially in games at Moorabbin among the often muddy and wet conditions.

He made only one appearance - his first in the VFL - in 1978, before playing a further 59 games over the next four years for just 12 wins. In 1983, Burns established himself as the Saints best midfielder, racking up 20 games and 492 possessions (average of 24.6 per game) - an increase on his 261 possessions the season before. Only in 1987, aged 29, did Burns collect more touches of the football in his career during a 21-game, 506 disposals season. He utilised the handball more in this, his tenth seasons in the VFL, handpassing it 202 times, 68 more than any other season.

Burns, who shunned the limelight to bigger names at St Kilda, retired in 1989. It coincided with good teammate and fellow Ballarat product, Geoff Cunningham's retirement, the pair starting and ending their careers at St Kilda during the same time. Burns had been a harness racing driver in the 1970s.

References

Sources
 
 
 Bio at Saints.com.au

Trevor Barker Award winners
St Kilda Football Club players
1958 births
Living people
North Ballarat Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Tønsberg Gressbane

Tønsberg Gressbane is a football stadium in Tønsberg, Norway. It is the home ground of FK Tønsberg and Tønsberg FK. It was the home ground of Eik-Tønsberg until 2001, when FK Tønsberg was formed.

References

 Tønsberg Gressbane - Nordic Stadiums

Football venues in Norway
Norwegian Cup Final venues
Eliteserien venues
Sports venues in Vestfold og Telemark
Tønsberg
Tree shelter

A tree shelter, tree guard or tree tube (sometimes also Tuley tube) is a structure that protects planted tree saplings from browsing animals and other dangers as the trees grow.

The purpose of tree shelters is to protect young trees from browsing by herbivores by forming a physical barrier along with providing a barrier to chemical spray applications. Additionally, tree tubes accelerate growth by providing a mini-greenhouse environment that reduces moisture stress, channels growth into the main stem and roots and allows efficient control of weeds that can rob young seedlings of soil moisture and sunlight. Young trees protected in this way have a survival rate of around 85%, but without a tree guard only about half of all planted trees grow to adulthood.

Wrought iron, wire and wooden tree guards were used in Victorian England since the 1820s, but not always because of their cost. Plastic tube tree shelters were invented in Scotland in 1979 by Graham Tuley. They are particularly popular in the UK in landscape-scale planting schemes and their use has been established in the United States since 2000. About 1 million shelters were in use in the United Kingdom in 1983–1984, and 10 million were produced in 1991.

Many variations of tree shelters exist.  There is considerable debate among tree shelter manufacturers as to the ideal colour, size, shape and texture for optimal plant growth.  One style used in northern climates of North America has a height of 5 feet to offer the best protection from deer browse, with vent holes in the upper portion of the tube to allow for hardening off of hardwood trees going into the winter months and no vent holes in the lower portion to shield seedlings from herbicide spray and rodent damage. 

The use of plastic tube tree shelters leads to the contamination of the environment with microplastics as the tubes, which are normally not collected, degrade over time. Alternatives include wooden or metal fencing to keep animals out.

References

 
 Potter, M. J. (1991) Treeshelters - Forestry Commission Handbook 7 HMSO

External links 

Forestry tools
Habitat management equipment and methods
Reforestation
Scottish inventions
Plastics applications
Cornelis Bloemaert

Cornelis Bloemaert II (1603 – 28 September 1692), was a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver.

Biography
Bloemaert was born at Utrecht.  He studied with his father, Abraham Bloemaert, his brothers Hendrick and Adriaan, and his father's pupil, Gerard van Honthorst. Though originally trained as a painter, he devoted himself primarily to printmaking, which he learned from Crispijn van de Passe. He went to Paris in 1630, where he made engravings from among others, Michel de Marolles's Temple des Muses, before going to Rome in 1633.  His chisel can be recognised by the colours' richness and the smoothness of their transitions. Amongst his pupils were Michel Natalis and Gilles Rousselet. Some of his better known engravings are of Annibale Carracci's The Holy Family, Pietro da Cortona's Adoration of the Shepherds, and Rubens' Meleager.

According to Houbraken he traveled to Rome, where he made prints of many Italian paintings. During 1664-1677, working with Charles de la Haye, he completed engraving of the Pietro da Cortona frescoes in the Palazzo Pitti, published as Heroicae Virtutes Imagines quas eques Petrus Beretinus pinxit Florentiae (1677).

In 1659 and 1667 he did frontispiece engravings for Daniello Bartoli's Istoria della Compagnia di Gesu. He was so successful that he stayed there until receiving word that his father wished to see him once more before he died. He delayed his return so long, that his father died, so he remained in Rome until his own death. He was a member of the Bentvueghels with the nickname Winter.

References

External links
Vermeer and The Delft School, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Cornelis Bloemaert

1603 births
1692 deaths
17th-century engravers
Dutch engravers
Dutch Golden Age painters
Dutch male painters
Artists from Utrecht
Members of the Bentvueghels
Bloemaert family
Andrew Nicol

Andrew Nicol may refer to:

Andy Nicol (born 1971), Scottish rugby union player
Andrew Nicol (judge) (born 1951), British judge
Andrew Niccol (born 1964), New Zealand screenwriter
Andrew Nicholl (1804–1886), New Zealand screenwriter
Andy Nicholls (born 1962), English football hooligan
Piedigrotta

Piedigrotta (;  ;  "at the foot of the grotto") is a section of the Chiaia quarter of Naples, Italy, so-called for the presence of the Church of the Madonna of Piedigrotta near the entrance to the Crypta Neapolitana. The area was also well known for an annual festival, which gave rise to a song writing competition leading to the commercial birth of the popular Neapolitan song.

References

Zones of Naples
Spalirisos

Spalirisos, also spelled Spalirises, (Greek:  ,   (epigraphic); Kharosthi:  , ) was an Iranian king who ruled Arachosia in the 1st century BCE.

Name
Spalarisos's name is attested on his coins in the Greek form  () and in the Kharosthi form  (), which are derived from the Saka name , meaning "in command of army".

Career
Before his rise to kingship, he served as a commander of Vonones of Sakastan, who had minted coins with his name and that of another commander, Spalahores, who are both referred to as "brother of the king". Scholars such as R.C. Senior and Khodadad Rezakhani consider Spalirisos and Spalahores to indeed be Vonones' brothers, while others such as K.W. Dobbins argue that it was an honorific title given to them, whom he considered to be Saka satraps.

A major argument against the proposal of a blood relationship between Vonones and the two commanders was due to both of them having Saka names, contrary to Vonones' Parthian name. Saghi Gazerani has suggested that after the Arsacid re-conquest of Sakastan (sometime between 124–115 BC), which was given as a fiefdom to the Surenid general that led the expedition, the Surenids (who became independent after 88 BC) and Sakas became closely connected, presumably through alliances and intermarriages. Indeed, Parthians and Sakas are often mixed up in Indian literature. The mythological Iranian hero Rostam (who was from Sakastan), is mentioned in Iranian traditions as both Parthian and Saka, thus supporting this dual-identity.

Notes

References

Sources 
 
  

Indo-Scythian kings
1st-century BC Iranian monarchs
1st-century BC Iranian people
Reserve Bank of Malawi

The Reserve Bank of Malawi is the central bank of Malawi established in the year 1964 located in Lilongwe. The current governor is Wilson Banda.

The Bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It is also one of the original 17 regulatory institutions to make specific national commitments to financial inclusion under the Maya Declaration during the 2011 Global Policy Forum held in Mexico.

The Reserve Bank of Malawi is the only institution permitted to issue the Malawian kwacha, which replaced the Malawian pound in 1971.

Governors
Alan G. Perrin, 1964-1968
D. E. Thomson, 1968-1971
John Tembo, 1971-1984
Chakakala Chaziya, 1984-1986
Stephen Chimwemwe Hara, 1986-1988
Hans Joachim Lesshafft, 1988-1992
Francis Perekamoya, 1992-1995
Mathews Chikaonda, 1995-2000
Elias Ngalande, 2000-2005
Victor Mbewe, 2005-2009
Perks Ligoya, 2009-2012
Charles Chuka, 2012-2017
Dalitso Kabambe, 2017-2020
Wilson Banda, 2020-

See also
Economy of Malawi
List of central banks of Africa
List of central banks

References

External links
Reserve Bank of Malawi 

Malawi
Banks of Malawi
Buildings and structures in Lilongwe
Banks established in 1964
1964 establishments in Malawi
Barrett Report

The Barrett Report is a 400-page report created by special prosecutor David Barrett. Initially tasked with investigating allegations of lying to the FBI against Henry Cisneros, Secretary of the U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development under U.S. President Bill Clinton, the investigation eventually delved into allegations that President Clinton had used the U.S. Department of Justice and the Internal Revenue Service as political tools against American citizens. The investigation lasted ten years and cost nearly $21 million. It resulted in one misdemeanor conviction against Cisneros and developed information that led to a prison term for his former mistress, Linda Medlar Jones, on an unrelated bank fraud charge.

Before the release of the report, three Democratic U.S. Senators, John Kerry, Dick Durbin and Byron Dorgan, forced the redaction of certain pages by attaching a rider to an unrelated appropriations bill.

Cisneros, a former San Antonio mayor, eventually pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of lying to the FBI. He paid a US$10,000 fine and was pardoned by President Clinton on Clinton's final day in office.

See also
Henry Cisneros payments controversy

References

External links
 Final Report: Office of Independent Counsel David M. Barrett In Re Henry G. Cisneros

1995 in American politics
Cisneros, Henry
Reports of the United States government
Special prosecutors
Alexander King

Alexander King may refer to:

Alexander Campbell King (1856–1926), U.S. Solicitor General and federal judge
Alexander King (footballer) (1871–1957), Scottish footballer
Alexander King (author) (1899–1965), U.S. humorist, memoirist, and TV personality
Alexander King (scientist) (1909–2007), British sustainable development pioneer
Alexander King (MP) (fl. 1588–1601), British MP for Bishop's Castle
Alex King (rugby union) (born 1975), English footballer
Alex King (basketball) (born 1985), German basketball player
Alex King (referee), Australian soccer referee

See also
King Alexander (disambiguation)
Institute for the Study of Islam and Christianity

The Institute for the Study of Islam and Christianity (ISIC) is an independent non-profit academic institute which looks at the study of Islam, Christianity and Muslim-Christian relations.

Founded in 1989 ISIC's director is Patrick Sookhdeo who gained a Ph.D. from the Department of Languages of the Near and Middle East at London University's School of Oriental and African Studies and is a commentator on jihadist ideology.

The institute was said to have ceased to operate in June 2009 however sometime in 2013 a new website emerged.

See also 
Barnabas Fund

References

Christianity and Islam
Faith and theology think tanks based in the United Kingdom
Béla Bugár

Béla Bugár (born 7 July 1958) is a Slovak politician of Hungarian ethnicity. He was a member of the Slovak parliament from 1992 to 2020, briefly serving as its acting Speaker in 2006. He was the former leader of the political party Most–Híd.

Life and career 
He was the leader of Party of the Hungarian Coalition from 1998 until 2007, with Pál Csáky as his successor. Before the formation of the Party of the Hungarian Coalition in 1998, Bugár was the chairman of the Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement. Bugár has been an MP of the National Council of the Slovak Republic since 1992. He was its acting speaker from 7 February 2006 to 4 July 2006. Béla Bugár announced that he was going to retire from politics by 2010. However, on 30 June 2009 he founded a new political party, Most–Híd, whose goal is to stand for the Hungarians' interests in Slovakia while striving to work together with Slovaks.

References

External links 
 Béla Bugár's English language profile at Presseurop

1958 births
Hungarians in Slovakia
Living people
Party of the Hungarian Community politicians
Politicians from Bratislava
Most–Híd politicians
Speakers of the National Council (Slovakia)
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 1992-1994
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 1994-1998
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 1998-2002
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 2002-2006
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 2006-2010
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 2010-2012
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 2012-2016
Members of the National Council (Slovakia) 2016–2020
Candidates for President of Slovakia
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava
GHP formalism

The GHP formalism (or Geroch–Held–Penrose formalism) is a technique used in the mathematics of general relativity that involves singling out a pair of null directions at each point of spacetime. It is a rewriting of the Newman–Penrose formalism which respects the covariance of Lorentz transformations preserving two null directions. This is desirable for Petrov Type D spacetimes, where the pair is made up of degenerate principal null directions, and spatial surfaces, where the null vectors are the natural null orthogonal vectors to the surface.

The New Covariance
The GHP formalism notices that given a spin-frame  with  the complex rescaling  does not change normalization. The magnitude of this transformation is a boost, and the phase tells one how much to rotate. A quantity of weight  is one that transforms like  One then defines derivative operators which take tensors under these transformations to tensors. This simplifies many NP equations, and allows one to define scalars on 2-surfaces in a natural way.

See also

General relativity
NP formalism

References

Mathematical methods in general relativity
Creative Writer

Creative Writer is a word processor released by Microsoft Kids in 1993. Using this program, which is specifically targeted at children, it is possible to create documents such as letters, posters, flyers and stories complete with different fonts, Clip art, WordArt and effects. The interface and environment is especially targeted towards children and is set in Imaginopolis with the main helper being a character known as McZee. A sequel, Creative Writer 2, was released in 1996. Both are now discontinued, but can still be acquired from online stores and auction websites such as eBay.

The original Creative Writer was announced by Microsoft on 7 December 1993  and was released in 1994. It ran on both MS-DOS 3.2 and the
Windows 3.1 operating system. A version was also released for the Apple Macintosh, compatible with computers running the classic Mac OS from the System 6 version up to Mac OS 9.

The program took place in McZee's home of Imaginopolis and had several levels of a building each with a different topic (e.g. one for plain writing, one for story templates, one for poster templates). The design of the program was very similar to that of its sister program Fine Artist. The program runs full screen and creates an all-inclusive environment. The interface was similar to a later product called Microsoft Bob.

Creative Writer featured many of the features found on Microsoft's Word for Windows product, including the WordArt feature used to create titles and headlines and the ability to add clip art. Creative Writer also used sounds heavily where each tool would make a different noise. Examples of this include a vacuum cleaner suction to delete and an explosion to denote deleting everything from a page.

File formats
Creative Writer and its sequel Creative Writer 2 both use different versions of the proprietary .max file format.  This file format does not open in other word processors such as Word. Files created in Creative Writer can be viewed in Creative Writer 2 but files saved using Creative Writer 2 will not open correctly in Creative Writer. Creative Writer was also able to open .doc files kept in a location known as "Outside Of Imaginopolis".

Expansion pack
An expansion pack, titled Ghostwriter Mysteries for Creative Writer, was released in 1994 by Microsoft Kids.  It featured elements from the Ghostwriter TV series, including the show's team members and ten different mysteries to solve.  It requires Creative Writer.

See also 
 Creative Writer 2
 Fine Artist
 Microsoft Home

References 

Discontinued Microsoft software
Microsoft franchises
Classic Mac OS software
Sandycove Island

Sandycove Island (Cnoc an Rois in Irish) is a small island and townland at the mouth of Ardkilly Creek on the south coast of Ireland, just to the west of the Castlepark peninsula, which forms the western side of the entrance to Kinsale harbour in County Cork.

It is located directly opposite the tiny hamlet of Sandycove (population around 100) and no more than  off the shore.

The island is uninhabited except for a herd of feral goats which has grazed on the island for generations, an indication that there is probably a reliable source of fresh water on the island.

Over the centuries a number of ships have foundered on the rocks off the island, including the 147-ton brig Eliza which went aground on the island in 1826.

The Sandycove Island Challenge is an open-water swimming race. It has been held annually  since 1994.
The course is from the slipway at Sandycove on the mainland, around Sandycove Island and back to the slipway. The total distance is approximately 1,600m. If sea conditions are unsuitable on the day, a more sheltered course is followed.

References 

Islands of County Cork
Mary Talbot

Mary Talbot may refer to:

 Mary Talbot, Countess of Northumberland, courtier who married Anne Boleyn's former suitor, Henry Percy
 Mary Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury (1556–1632), daughter of Bess of Hardwick
 Mary Talbot Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, (c. 1594 – 1649), daughter of the above
 Mary Anne Talbot (1778–1808), English woman who posed as male during the French Revolutionary Wars
 Mary M. Talbot, scholar and author of Dotter of Her Father's Eyes
 Mary Armine, née Talbot, benefactress
 Mary Talbot (entomologist) (1903–1990), American entomologist
 Mary Talbot (WRNS officer) (1922–2012), British naval officer
DRG London

DRG London is a Digital Audio Broadcasting multiplex available in the London area that has been broadcasting since January 2002. It is also referred to as the Greater London 3 multiplex. The station operates from ten transmitters: Croydon, Alexandra Palace, Blue Bell Hill, Reigate, Guildford, Brookmans Park, Zouches Farm, BT Bedmont, High Wycombe and Kemsing.

The Kemsing site (2 kW) was replaced in 2010 by the more powerful Wrotham site (5 kW) in Kent.

Stations available

See also 

 CE London
 Switch London

References

External links 
 Technical information
 Coverage map
 DRG's website

Digital audio broadcasting multiplexes
Estácio de Sá

Estácio de Sá (1520 – February 20, 1567) was a Portuguese soldier and officer. Sá travelled to the colony of Brazil on the orders of the Portuguese crown to wage war on the French colonists commanded by Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon. These French colonists had established themselves in 1555 at Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro, in a settlement known as France Antarctique. He was the founder of Rio de Janeiro, now the second largest city in Brazil.

Biography
Born in Santarém, Portugal in 1520, Estácio de Sá was the nephew of the Governor General of the colony of Brazil, Mem de Sá.

He arrived with two galleons at Salvador, Bahia, in 1564. In 1565, after extensive preparations and the help of Jesuits, such as Manuel da Nóbrega and José de Anchieta, he departed by sea from São Vicente, São Paulo, the first Portuguese settlement in Brazil, with an attack force. On March 1, he founded the city of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro near the Sugarloaf Mountain and established the basis of his military operations against the French and their Aboriginal allies.

After receiving reinforcements sent by sea by his uncle from Salvador, Sá commanded a definitive and successful attack on the fortification of Uruçú-mirim on 20 January 1567. He died on 20 February 1567 of wounds inflicted by an arrow which had perforated his eye.

Sá was interred in the church of Saint Sebastian in the encampment he had founded. As the city of Rio de Janeiro grew, his remains were relocated to a new church of Saint Sebastian in the Castelo. His remains were rediscovered in 1839 by several scholars working for Emperor Pedro II, and, in 1862, when the church was being rebuilt, some of his bones were exhumed in the presence of the emperor and placed in a "worthy urn".

Legacy
As the founder of Rio de Janeiro, Estácio de Sá is honored by the names of many locations and institutions in Brazil. A brief list follows:

 the Estácio neighborhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro;
 the Rio samba school, Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Estácio de Sá, usually referred to as simply Estácio de Sá.  Rio is one of the cradles of samba, the popular music of Brazil;
 the Universidade Estácio de Sá, one of the three largest private universities of Brazil; 
 the Universidade Estácio de Sá Futebol Clube, a football club owned by the above university.

References

1520 births
1567 deaths
People from Santarém, Portugal
Portuguese military personnel killed in action
Portuguese soldiers
Colonial Brazil
Deaths by arrow wounds
Brazilian city founders
Portuguese colonization of the Americas
Portuguese colonial governors and administrators
16th-century Portuguese people
France Antarctique
Portuguese city founders
Bo Vesterdorf

Bo Vesterdorf (born 1945) was a Danish judge who has been President of the European Court of First Instance.

Since late 2008 Vesterdorf has been a Consultant in the Competition practice at Herbert Smith Freehills.

Vesterdorf began his career as a lawyer-linguist at the European Court of Justice before becoming Administrator in the Danish Ministry of Justice, examining magistrate, and Legal Attaché in the Permanent Representation of Denmark to the European Communities.

He was a Temporary Judge at the Østre Landsret (Danish Court of Appeal), Head of the Constitutional and Administrative Law Division in the Ministry of Justice, Director of the Administration Department in the Ministry of Justice, and a university lecturer. He also served as a member of the Steering Committee on Human Rights at the Council of Europe, and subsequently as a member of its Bureau. In 2004 he became a member of the "Ad hoc committee on judicial training" at the Academy of European Law, Trier, Germany. He was a  judge at the European Court of First Instance from 25 September 1989 and its president from 4 March 1998 to 17 September 2007.

Vesterdorf has been Commander 1st Degree of the Danish Royal Order of the Dannebrog since 20 June 2006. On 1 November 2007 he was appointed Senior Legal Consultant at Plesner Law Firm in Copenhagen. He is an external fellow at University College London's Faculty of Law and is attached to St Gallen University, Switzerland and Fordham Law School, New York. In May 2008 he was made Doctor of Laws honoris causa by St Gallen University.

External links
BusinessWeek profile
Bo Vesterdorf CV

1945 births
Living people
Presidents of the General Court (European Union)
Danish jurists
Danish expatriates in the United Kingdom
Danish judges of international courts and tribunals
Danish officials of the European Union