alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Seri Wawasan Bridge

The Seri Wawasan Bridge is one of the main bridges in the planned city Putrajaya, the new (2001) Malaysian federal territory and administrative centre. This futuristic asymmetric cable-stayed bridge with a forward-inclined pylon has a sailing ship appearance, accented at night with changeable color lighting.  The bridge, also called Bridge No. 9, crosses Putrajaya Lake, an artificial lake made to provide natural cooling, and connects Precinct 2 on the Core Island, where the main government buildings are located, to the residential area of Precinct 8, 9.

Structure

The Seri Wawasan Bridge is a longitudinally asymmetric cable‐stayed box-girder bridge with an inverted-Y shape concrete/steel pylon  high.  The main span,  long, is supported by 30 pairs of forward stay cables, anchored on the 75° forward‐inclined pylon and on the outer edges of the bridge deck, arranged in a fan shape pattern from the side elevation. To counterbalance these front stays, a combination of 21 pairs of cable backstays and structural steel tie back was used. The back stay anchored at the (next-) highest point of the pylon is anchored at the curved backstay anchorage point (next-) nearest to the pylon, creating a crisscross‐over pattern from the side elevation, which adds to the aesthetic of the bridge. The overall complexity of the back stay tie back structure, however, may be aesthetically distracting.  The inclined concrete pylon and the backstays are anchored into bore piled foundation off the roadway in precinct 8.

The bridge carries a dual three lane carriageways of 18.6 m width each, comprising 3 x 3.5 m width lanes, 0.5 m hard shoulder, 0.5 m marginal strip. The median is 4 m wide and walkway cum cycle track width is 5.1 m giving a total width of  at the centre of the bridge.

Gallery

See also
Other bridges providing access to the Core Island in the planned city Putrajaya, Malaysia
Seri Saujana Bridge
Seri Perdana Bridge
Seri Setia Bridge
Seri Gemilang Bridge
Seri Bakti Bridge
Seri Bestari Bridge

References

External links

Bridges in Putrajaya
Cable-stayed bridges in Malaysia
Bridges completed in 2003
North Metropolitan Region (Western Australia)

The North Metropolitan Region is a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, located in the north-western and western suburbs of Perth. It was created by the Acts Amendment (Electoral Reform) Act 1987, and became effective on 22 May 1989 with seven members who had been elected at the 1989 state election three months earlier. At the 2008 election, it was decreased to six members.

Legislation to abolish the region, along with all other Western Australian Electoral Regions was passed in November 2021, with the 2025 state election to use a single state-wide electorate of 37 members.

Geography
The Region is made up of several complete Legislative Assembly districts, which change at each distribution.

Representation

Distribution of seats

|}

Members
Since its creation, the electorate has had 22 members. Five of these members had previously been members of the Legislative Council—Joe Berinson and Sam Piantadosi (both North Central Metropolitan), Graham Edwards and Bob Pike (both North Metropolitan) and Max Evans (Metropolitan).

Election results

2021

2017

References

North Metropolitan
Parama Kamboja Kingdom

Parama Kamboja Kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata to be on the far north west along with the Bahlika, Uttara Madra and Uttara Kuru countries. It was located in parts of modern-day Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

Parama Kambojas in Kurukshetra War
Drona Parva of Mahabharata refers to 6000 soldiers from the Parama Kamboja group who had sided with the Pandavas against the Kauravas in the Kurukshetra war. They have been described as "very fortunate Kambojas" (prabhadrakastu Kambojah), extremely fierce, 'Personification of Death' (samanmrityo), fearful like Yama, the god of death and rich like Kuber i.e. god of treasure (Kambojah.... Yama. vaishravan.opamah: 7.23.42-44).

See also 
Kingdoms of Ancient India
Kambojas

References

Books/References 

Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
Kambojas
History of Tajikistan
Seri Saujana Bridge

The Seri Saujana Bridge is a main bridge in the planned city Putrajaya, the new (2001) Malaysian federal territory and administrative centre. The bridge's design is a unique combination of a symmetric cable-stayed structure and a through-arch bridge;  the through-arch bridge portion is reminiscent of a slender version of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The Seri Saujana bridge, also called Bridge No 8, crosses Putrajaya Lake, an artificial lake made to provide natural cooling, and connects the Core Island (Precinct 4) to the Precinct 7 on Lebuh Sentosa highway.  It is strategically located at the main entrance into the Core Island from the south, via the upgraded  road (now Putrajaya-Cyberjaya Expressway Federal Route 29) and Kuala Lumpur–Putrajaya Expressway, and links the Core Island, where the main government buildings are, with the Kuala Lumpur International Airport.

Structure 

The Seri Saujana bridge is a new concept of a symmetric cable-stayed through-arch bridge.  The bridge was designed by Michael Yamout of  PJSI consultants, a Malaysian consulting engineering and architecture firm, as part of series of ten bridges built to access the Core Island within the new governmental city of Putrajaya.

The symmetric cable-stayed system consists of two single column pylons, each inclined away from the main span at an angle of 78°, held by 10 pairs of back stays spread into two planes, and 22 main stay cables in one plane anchored on and pick up the middle spine of the main-span deck. The through-arch system, on the other hand, employs inclined hangers (from arches) anchored on and pick up the outer edges of the main-span deck.  With support at the middle and the outer edges, the main-span bridge deck can be made relatively lightweight and slender.

The bridge is controlled by the principal design parameters to reflect a transparent, elegant and futuristic slender looking structure, with an overall single span of 300m and total width of 32m. There are dual three lane carriageways. The deck level varies from RL 35.25m at abutment to RL 35m at centre of the bridge.

The builder of this bridge was Road Builder (M) Sdn Bhd at a cost of US$20 million. It was opened on 31 May 2003.

Gallery

See also
Other bridges providing access to the Core Island in the planned city Putrajaya, Malaysia
Seri Wawasan Bridge
Seri Perdana Bridge
Seri Setia Bridge
Seri Gemilang Bridge
Seri Bakti Bridge
Seri Bestari Bridge

References

External links 

 

Bridges in Putrajaya
Bridges completed in 2003
Cable-stayed bridges in Malaysia
South Metropolitan Region

The South Metropolitan Region is a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, located in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. It was created by the Acts Amendment (Electoral Reform) Act 1987, and became effective on 22 May 1989 with five members who had been elected at the 1989 state election three months earlier. At the 2008 election, it was increased to six members.

Legislation to abolish the region, along with all other Western Australian Electoral Regions was passed in November 2021, with the 2025 state election to use a single state-wide electorate of 37 members.

Geography
The Region is made up of several complete Legislative Assembly districts, which change at each distribution.

Representation

Distribution of seats

Members
Since its creation, the electorate has had 16 members. Four of the members elected in 1989 had previously been members of the Legislative Council—Clive Griffiths and Phillip Pendal (both South Central Metropolitan), John Halden (North Metropolitan) and Garry Kelly (South Metropolitan).

Election results

2021

2017

References

South Metropolitan
Where Angels Fear to Tread (Matt Redman album)

Where Angels Fear to Tread is a studio album by worship artist Matt Redman.

Track listing 
All songs written by Matt Redman, except where noted.
 "Amazing" – 3:05
 "Blessed Be Your Name" (Matt Redman, Beth Redman) – 5:06
 "Befriended" – 4:53
 "When My Heart Runs Dry" – 5:22
 "Making Melody" – 4:27
 "Call To Worship" – 4:40
 "Rejoice With Trembling" – 5:14
 "The Promise of Your Cross" – 4:08
 "Wonderful Maker" (Matt Redman, Chris Tomlin) – 4:58
 "Lord, Let Your Glory Fall" – 5:10
 "Where Angels Fear to Tread" (Matt Redman, Tom Lane) – 5:54
Total length – 53:01

Personnel 

 Matt Redman – lead vocals 
 Rythmic – keyboards, programming, guitars, additional bass, backing vocals 
 Mike Busbee – additional keyboards, programming, guitars, bass, backing vocals 
 Dana Weaver – additional guitar (1)
 Eli Thompson – bass 
 David Raven – drums
 John Catchings – cello 
 David Davidson – violin 
 John Mark Painter – string arrangements 
 Kendall Payne – backing vocals (3)

Group vocals

 Esther Alexander 
 Andy Argunda
 Mark Beswick
 Lou Fellingham
 James Gregory 
 Brenden Guyatt
 Priscilla Jones Campbell 

Various voices on "Making Melody"

 Raquel D'Olivera (Brazil)
 Rhona Armstrong-Abudu (Caribbean)
 Shelley-Ann Sydial (Caribbean)
 Eike Albert (Germany)
 Siu Mui Lam (Hong Kong)
 Yoon Park (Korea)
 Philip Beccles (Liberia)
 Felicia Hidajat (Malaysia)
 Dimeji Onabanjo (Nigeria)
 Tosin Okusanya (Nigeria)
 Johnny Larring (Norway)
 Ruth Larring (Norway)
 Simon Soderstroin (Sweden)
 Dave Wellington (UK)

Production

 Rythmic – producer, engineer at Sonikwire Studios, Irvine, California; Rythmic West, Pasadena, California; Rythmic East, Nashville, Tennessee; IHOF Studios, Nashville, Tennessee
 John Hartley – executive producer 
 Les Moir – executive producer 
 Mike Busbee – engineer, mixing at The Manor, Los Angeles, California
 Neil Costello – engineer (group vocals)
 Ken Love – mastering at MasterMix, Nashville, Tennessee
 Christiév Carothers – creative direction 
 Jan Cook – art direction 
 Benji Peck – art direction, design 
 Brandon Dickerson – photography

References 

Matt Redman albums
2002 albums
Survivor Records albums
Uttara Madra Kingdom

Uttara Madra is a kingdom grouped among the western kingdoms in the epic Mahabharata. It is identified to be located to the northwest of eastern Madra with Sagala as its capital. 

It was situated along the ancient route called Uttarapatha extending from Vanga Kingdom in the eastern sea shore through the Gangetic Plain, Punjab, mountain passes of the Western Mountains, to the city of Balkh in Afghanistan and to the far western countries such as Belarus, Siberian region, Ukraine, Armenia and other Central Asian countries.

Arjuna collected tribute from Uttara Madra during his northern military campaign for Yudhishthira's Rajasuya sacrifice.

See also 
Kingdoms of Ancient India

References 
Mahabharata of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated to English by Kisari Mohan Ganguli

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
Eythorne Baptist Church

Eythorne Baptist Church originated in the meetings of early 16th century Baptists who had crossed the English Channel from the low countries to Kent to escape persecution. Nineteenth-century Baptist writer J. J. Goadby named Eythorne as one of the three "most ancient Baptist churches in England".

For many years the Church had associated village chapels in east Kent. Two of these remain—at Adisham and Nonington. Others were at Eastry, Ashley, Woolage Green, Wootton and Barnsole.

Beginnings
The immigrant Baptists and their English supporters held meetings at Eythorne and also at Canterbury, about  away.
Joan Boucher, or Bocher, who is sometimes described as Joan of Kent and known to have been involved in "reforming circles" in Canterbury  is said by "uninterrupted and uncontradicted tradition"  to have been an early member of the church at Eythorne. She was burnt at the stake at Smithfield on 2 May 1550 after refusing to recant her views on the incarnation of Christ.  The church's website tells us that she spoke of "our little meeting in quiet Eythorne" at the preceding trial. Soon afterwards, the Duke of Northumberland, one of the king's advisers, expressed concern about the "Anabaptists lately sprung up in Kent".

18th and 19th centuries
The first recorded meeting house in Eythorne was on the Coldred Road and was probably built about 1755 with seats for 60 people; in 1773 it was doubled in size. In 1786 baptisms started to take place in the village itself, a change from the previous custom of baptising church members in the sea or river at Sandwich.

Until 1750 the church seems to have forbidden singing, but half a century later a retired Dover banker, Peter Fector, who lived near the meeting house apparently objected to hearing the congregation's "hearty singing". In January 1804 church members gathered to discuss his offer of £500 for the old meeting house along with an acre of land for a new chapel. This chapel, which is in use today, was built and opened the same year.

In the late 1830s William Copley, husband of the writer Esther Copley (née Beuzeville, previous married name Hewlett), became Baptist Minister in Eythorne. Though his ministry started well he developed problems, apparently alcoholism, which meant his wife had to support his work and help write his sermons. Esther stayed on in Eythorne when William left in 1843.

References
 History section of Eythorne Baptist Church's website
 J. Newton Brown Memorials of Baptist Martyrs (1854)
 Rev. Joseph Jackson Goadby, Bye-Paths in Baptist History, Chapter 2 (London 1871) 
 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (DNB): articles on Joan Bocher and Esther Copley

Further reading
 W. Philip Clark, Eythorne: our Baptist heritage (Sandwich 1981)
 A.C. Miller, Eythorne: the story of a village Baptist church (London: Baptist Union 1924)

External links
 Peter Fector 

Churches in Dover, Kent
Baptist churches in Kent
Abraham of Cyrrhus

Saint Abraham (Cyrrhus, Syria,  350–Constantinople, 422) (also known as Abraames, Abraham of Charres and Abraham the Apostle of Lebanon was a Syrian hermit and bishop of Harran.

Life

Abraham was born and educated at Carrhae (modern Harran) in Syria, and preached the Gospel in the valley of Mount Lebanon, where he lived as a hermit. His life was described by Theodoret of Cyr (393-466 A.D.), the Bishop of Cyrrhus, who named him among the other thirty holy men and women in his book "Historia Religiosa" (Religious History).

He spent the first part of his life in the desert of Chalcis where he lived an ascetic life, he tried his body by fasting and still standing and was so exhausted that could not move. But then he left for Lebanon as a merchant and helped the inhabitants of the village where he stayed to pay the taxes with the help of his friends. The name of the village is not known but it is believed to be Aqura- Afka. "It was probably located in Aqura near the river Adonis." He was asked by the villagers to become their tutor and he accepted providing they would build the Christian church. He stayed in this village for three years as a priest and then returned to his ascetic life as a hermit.

He was later elected bishop of Harran in Mesopotamia (Carrhae), where he worked vigorously to reduce the existing abuses. He died in Constantinople in 422 after going there to consult with Theodosius II, although some argue that it may have instead occurred in 390 under Theodosius II's predecessor, Theodosius I. His body was transferred back to Harran, to the city of Antioch where he was buried. His feast day is 14 February.

According to Alban Butler,

See also
 Abraham River
 Afqa
 Aqoura

References

External links

 
Holweck, F. G., A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co. 1924.
Abraham at Patron Saints Index
St. Patrick's Church list of 14 February saints 

350s births
422 deaths
Mesopotamian saints
Maronite saints
4th-century Christian saints
Year of birth unknown
4th-century Mesopotamian bishops
5th-century Mesopotamian bishops
People from Harran
Putrajaya Landmark

The Putrajaya Landmark or Mercu Tanda Putrajaya is the first landmark in Putrajaya where the site of federal administrative centre was established here in 1995. It is located in Putra Perdana Park (which happens to be the highest point in Precinct 1 of Putrajaya, Malaysia). The Putrajaya Landmark symbolises the beginnings of Putrajaya with its time capsule structure. Its design is a combination of a high-technology theme and the use of contemporary and traditional motifs. Plaza Mercu or Landmark Plaza, is landscaped with trees and water fountains. The Perdana Mall are pedestrian walkways linking the Landmark and Entrance Plaza to Cascade Plaza, Fragrant Garden, gazebos and pergolas.

See also
 List of tourist attractions in Putrajaya

References

Buildings and structures in Putrajaya
Tourist attractions in Putrajaya
South West Region (Western Australia)

The South West Region is a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council the South West, Peel and part of the Great Southern regions of the state. It was created by the Acts Amendment (Electoral Reform) Act 1987, and became effective on 22 May 1989 with seven members who had been elected at the 1989 state election three months earlier. At the 2008 election, it was reduced to six members. The region includes the cities of Albany, Bunbury and Mandurah.

Legislation to abolish the region, along with all other Western Australian Electoral Regions was passed in November 2021, with the 2025 state election to use a single state-wide electorate of 37 members.

Geography
The Region is made up of several complete Legislative Assembly districts, which change at each distribution.

Representation

Distribution of seats

Members
Since its creation, the electorate has had 17 members. Four of these members had previously been members of the Legislative Council—Beryl Jones (Lower West Province), Bill Stretch (Lower Central Province), Doug Wenn and Barry House (both South West Province).

Election results

2021

2017

References

South West
Parada Kingdom

Pāradas (alternatively Varadas, Parita) was an Iron Age kingdom described in various ancient and classical Indian texts. The exact location of the kingdom is unknown.  The Vayu Purana locates the tribe on the upper course of the Amu Darya (also known as Chaksu) and Syr Darya rivers in Central Asia. The Mahabharata, however, associates the Paradas with the tribes of Uttarapatha, and places them on the Sailoda River in the Xinjiang province of China. Additionally, the Ramayana locates the people in the Himalayas.

It is thought that the Pāradas are connected to the later Paratarajas, an Indo-Parthian dynasty in Pakistan during the 1st-3rd century CE.

Discussion in the Puranic texts

Numerous Puranic texts associate the Parada Kingdom with the Kamboja, Saka, Yavana and Pahlava tribes, and brand them together as Panca-ganah ("five hordes"). These five hordes were military allies of the Haihaya or Taljunga Kshatriyas of the Yadava line, and were chiefly responsible for dethroning King Bahu of Kosala. Later, King Sagara, son of Bahu, was able to defeat the Haihayas or Taljungas together with the five hordes.

King Sagara had divested the Paradas and other members of the Panca-ganah of their noble Kshatriyahood and demoted them to the barbaric caste of Mlechchas, due to their non-observance of sacred Brahmanical codes and neglect of the priestly class. Before their defeat at the hands of King Sagara, these five-hordes were called Kshatriya-pungava ("foremost among the Kshatriyas").

The Vayu Purana state that the Udichya tribes, including the Panca-ganah, the Gandharas, Tusharas, Khasas, Lampakas, Madhyadesis, Vindhyas, Aprantas, Dakshinatyas, Dravidas, Pulindas and Simhalas, would be proceeded against and annihilated by Kalki in Kali Yuga.

See also
Kingdoms of Ancient India

References

External links

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
Biblioteca Argentina Dr. Juan Álvarez

The Biblioteca Argentina Dr. Juan Álvarez is a public library in Rosario, Argentina. It is the most important library in the city and in the province of Santa Fe.

The library houses 186,000 books. It has three floors and includes a reading room for 190 people, a reading service for the blind, and photocopy and free Internet services. There is also a children's section, a multimedia library, and a bookbinding section. A newspaper and magazine annex (Hemeroteca) is located on a separate building around the block.

History
The library was founded in 1913 by judge and historian Juan Álvarez (1878–1954), who in 1909 addressed mayor Isidro Quiroga: "In this city of 200,000 inhabitants there is not a single public library that is capable of fulfilling with dignity the role assigned to such establishments." On 1909-10-11 the project was authorized and the construction began at the Patio del Mercado, across Pasaje Centeno (now a small street called Pasaje Juan Álvarez). The library was officially inaugurated on 1912-07-24. At the time the Head of the La Plata University, Joaquín V. González, stated in a lecture what was to be the motto of the library, "To know is to love, to ignore is to hate."; this motto is printed on the entrance of the Reading Room.

On that same year a group of people, El Círculo de la Biblioteca was formed, with the purpose of organizing concerts, lectures, and art exhibitions and meetings. El Círculo had no fixed seat until 1943, when they acquired the badly deteriorated facilities of the La Ópera Theater (which was about to be demolished), then renamed El Círculo Theater.

The newspaper and magazine deposit was inaugurated in 1949. That year the library was also transferred to the municipality. The name of Juan Álvarez, the founder, was added to the library's in 1956, two years after his death.

The continuous growth of the library required several reforms, until the building had to be completely restored and remodeled. It acquired its present structure in 1989.

UN Depository Library
The Biblioteca Argentina is an official Depository Library (DL-138) of the United Nations System (DEPOLIB) since April 1957.

References
  Municipality of Rosario
  United Nations Depository Libraries

Culture in Rosario, Santa Fe
Public libraries
Libraries in Argentina
Buildings and structures in Rosario, Santa Fe
Education in Santa Fe Province
Library buildings completed in 1912
Library buildings completed in 1949
Library buildings completed in 1989
1913 establishments in Argentina
Libraries established in 1913
List of music festivals in Italy

Italian music festivals Below is a list of music festivals in Italy :

Festivals
Agglutination Metal Festival in Sant'Arcangelo Founded in 1995, it is the oldest Metal Music Festival in Italy.
Arena di Verona Opera during the summer months in the Roman amphitheater in Verona.
Arezzo Wave in Arezzo Pop and Rock music founded in 1987.
Dissonanze focused on electronic music, ran from 2000 to 2010.
Festival dei Due Mondi (Festival of the two Worlds) in Spoleto Held since 1957, it has a program of symphonic music, opera, dance and jazz.
Festival della canzone italiana or the San Remo Festival is a popular song contest held in Sanremo since 1951
Festival di Napoli was a Neapolitan song contest which ran from (1952–1971, 1981, 1998–2004)
Festival Verdi, mainly in Parma, is dedicated to the music of Verdi.
Folkest in Spilimbergo
Gods of Metal in Milan
Heineken Jammin Festival in Venice is a pop/rock festival founded in 1998.
Independent Days Festival is a pop/rock festival in Bologna and Milan founded in 1999.
InterHarmony International Music Festival is a classical music festival in Acqui Terme, Piedmont, Italy and InterHarmony was founded in 2007.
Liri Blues Festival Is a Blues festival founded in 1988 held in Isola del Liri, near Rome.
Live Arts Week in Bologna - founded in 2011 when audio visual festival Netmage and contemporary arts festival F.I.S.Co. were combined.
Mandrea Music Festival in Trento. Four day festival of Folk, Reggae, Rock and Electronic music in the Italian Alps overlooking Lake Garda.
Maggio Musicale Fiorentino a selection of classical concerts generally from October through April in Florence.
Music Fest Perugia Classical music in Perugia, 
Pescara Jazz Jazz music Festival in Pescara (from 1969).
Piccola Accademia di Montisi in Montisi, Tuscany takes place every year in July. A festival devoted to the music of the harpsichord and early music/instruments
Pistoia Blues Festival is a blues festival that takes place every July in Pistoia, Tuscany. The first edition was held in 1980
Play It Loud! Festival in Orzinuovi
Porretta Soul Festival in Porretta Terme
Ravello Festival
Rossini Opera Festival in Pesaro is dedicated to the music of Rossini.
Rototom Sunsplash started as a two-day reggae music festival in Gaio di Spilimbergo in 1995, before moving to Benicàssim in Spain in 2009.
Sagra Musicale Malatestiana in Rimini
Surfer Joe Summer Festival is a four-day surf music festival founded in 2003 at Livorno.
Tempo Reale
Umbria Jazz Festival In Perugia, generally in July.

External links
Top 10 Most Important Music Festivals in Italy in 2023

References

 
festivals
Italy
Music
Italy
Wonderboom (band)

WONDERboom is a 4 piece South African rock band from Johannesburg.

They formed in 1996 when Martin, Wade and Cito, originally in an underground band called "The Eight Legged Groove Machine", were approached by Danny, the drummer for the popular rock band, "The Electric Petals" and their manager, Patrick Horgan.

Originally they formed a funk-rock supergroup "The Electric Petal Groove Machine". Two weeks after the combination of the two groups, the band then still known as "The Electric Petal Groove Machine", opened for Simple Minds on their South African tour.

Not completely happy with their temporary name, in the summer of 1997, a road sign caught Cito's eye, just outside the Free State town of Kroonstad, pointing to a little town called "Wonderboom". 

In 2009, Danny de Wet left the band and was replaced by Garth McLeod, formerly of respected South African rock band Sugardrive. In 2013 Garth McLeod was killed in a motorcycle accident and was replaced by Jonathan Bell.



Members
Martin Cito Otto – Lead vocals, penny whistle, guitar, harmonica, multi instrumentalist.
Martin Schofield – Guitar, backing vocals, multi instrumentalist.
Wade Williams – Bass
Jonathan Bell – Drums

Discography

Awards and accolades

External links
Wonderboom (official site)
Wonderboom at the South African Rock Digest

South African rock music groups
Musical groups from Johannesburg
Geroy asfalta

Герой Асфальта (Russian for Hero of Asphalt) is the third album by heavy metal band Aria. It is the first album recorded by new lineup featuring Vitaly Dubinin and Sergey Mavrin. It was also their first album officially released by Soviet music publishing monopoly Melodiya — the previous two albums were self-releases. In 2012, on the website openspace.ru, it was voted as the most popular album of all times published by Melodiya.

Track listing

Personnel
Valery Kipelov - Vocals
Vladimir Holstinin - Guitars
Sergey Mavrin - Guitars
Vitaly Dubinin - Bass
MaXim Udalov - Drums
Sergey Levshin - Sound Engineer
Viktor Vekshtein - Manager
Dmitrii Baushev - Artist
Vasily Gavrilov - Design Artist
Georgy Molitvin - Photography
Valentin Kudryavtsev - Computer Design

References 

1987 albums
Aria (band) albums
Paco Jamandreu

Francisco Vicente Jaumandreu, also known as Paco Jamandreu (October 17, 1925 – March 9, 1995) was an Argentine fashion designer and actor. He was a friend of Eva Perón and served as a costume designer on several Argentine films.

Career
Jamandreu made his debut as a movie costume designer in 1942, working for leading lady Zully Moreno in a movie named Historia de crímenes ("Crime Story"). He followed that by designing for El muerto falta a la cita ("The Dead One Missed the Appointment"), released in 1944, and in 1947's El misterioso Tío Silas ("The Mysterious Uncle Silas"). Jamandreu, who admitted his homosexuality to his father at age 15, became known among friend and clients not only for his talent, but also for his candor.

He began his friendship with Eva Duarte before she married populist leader Juan Perón in 1945. Their relationship was initially of a business nature, and Jamandreu began a long series of designs for the actress and, later, First Lady. He became her confidant, and vice versa. His friendship with Eva Perón was dramatized in Juan Carlos Desanzo's Eva Perón: The True Story (1996); he was portrayed by actor Horacio Roca. According to the film, Jamandreu admitted to Ms. Perón that he was homosexual, telling her that "being homosexual in Argentina is just like being poor."

Following a relative absence from Argentine cinema credits during the 1950s, Jamandreu became more active as film fashion designer during the 1960s, when he worked in six films. Between 1969 and 1995, he retired from designing clothes for film, but he debuted as an actor in 1980, participating in a movie named Una Viuda descocada ("A Crazy Widow"). In 1986, he acted in Soy paciente ("I'm Patient"), but that film was never released because the producers could not finish recording it.

In 1996, Jamandreu's last work as a film costume designer was displayed in Argentine theaters, when Amor de otoño was released. Jamandreu had been working in the Amor de otoño production when he died from a heart attack, on March 9, 1995.

References

External links
 
 

1925 births
1995 deaths
Argentine gay actors
Costume designers
Argentine male film actors
Argentine fashion designers
Argentine people of French descent
20th-century Argentine male actors
Argentine gay artists
LGBT fashion designers
20th-century Argentine LGBT people
Chari-Baguirmi (region)

Chari-Baguirmi () is one of the 23 regions of Chad. Its capital is Massenya. It is composed of part of the former Chari-Baguirmi Prefecture (sub-prefectures of Massenya and Bousso) and parts of the sub-prefecture of N'Djamena).

History
The region was the historic heartland of the Sultanate of Bagirmi, which ruled much of the area from its capital in Massenya from the late 15th - late 19th centuries.

Geography
The region borders Hadjer-Lamis Region to the north, Guéra Region to the east, Moyen-Chari Region to the southeast, Tandjilé Region to the south, and Mayo-Kebbi Est Region, N'Djamena and Cameroon to the west. The Chari River flows through the west and south of the region.

Settlements
Massenya is the regional capital; other major settlements include Bä Illi, Bogomoro, Bousso, Dourbali, Koundoul, La Loumia, Linia, Maï Aïche, Mandélia and Mogo.

Demographics
As per the census of 2009 the population in the region was 621,785, with 50.30% females. The average size of household as of 2009 is 5.40; it was 5.40 in rural households, whilst it was 5.40 in urban areas. The number of households was 115,118: it was 102,322 in rural areas and 12,796 in urban areas. The number of nomads in the region was 31,205, 8% of the population. There were 620,126 people residing in private households. There were 267,256 above 18 years of ages: 129,272 male and 137,984 female. The sex ratio was 99.00 females for every hundred males. There were 590,580 sedentary staff, constituting 5.50 of the population.

The main ethnolinguistic groups are Chadian Arabs (generally speaking Chadian Arabic), Bagirmi, Fula, Gadang, Kanuri, Kwang, Lagwan, Majera, Mbara, Mser, Ndam and Sarua.

Administration
The Chari-Baguirmi region is divided into three departments:
Baguirmi (capital of Massenya), Chari (capital of Mandélia) and Loug Chari (capital of Bousso). As a part of decentralisation in February 2003, the country was administratively split into regions, departments, municipalities and rural communities. The prefectures, which were originally 14 in number, were re-designated into 17 regions. The regions are administered by Governors appointed by the President. The Prefects, who originally held the responsibility of the 14 prefects, still retained the titles and were responsible for the administration of smaller departments in each region. The members of local assemblies are elected every six years, while the executive organs are elected every three years. As of 2016, there are totally 23 regions in Chad, which are divided based on population and administrative convenience.

See also
 Baguirmi Kingdom

References

External links

Chari-Baguirmi Region
Regions of Chad
TJP

TJP may refer to:

 Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, the largest Pakistani Shia organization formerly headed by Arif Hussain Hussaini.
 Tiled JPEG File, a filename extension format developed by the Berkeley Digital Library Project which stores several pictures in a single file.
 T. J. Perkins, professional wrestler
 Tight junction protein (disambiguation)
 Tokyo Joshi Pro Wrestling, a Japanese professional wrestling promotion.
The Fragile Army

The Fragile Army is the third album from the symphonic-rock group The Polyphonic Spree. The album was released on TVT Records on June 19, 2007.

On April 26, 2007, an eight-minute-long mash-up preview of the album was made available as a free download.

On May 12, 2007, the entire album was leaked to various P2P networks. The leaked version of the album includes a song entitled "Section 27 (Oh I Feel Fine)". However, on the actual album Section 27 is a new version of the track "Mental Cabaret", which originally featured on the Wait EP.

There was also a deluxe version of the album released including a patch and a DVD. Additionally, there is a double vinyl available for sale that also includes a voucher for online download of the album in MP3 format.

The Fragile Army is the Polyphonic Spree's only record on which lead guitarist Annie Clark, better known as St. Vincent, appears as an official member of the band. Clark left the group shortly before the album's release. Pianist Mike Garson, best known for his work with David Bowie, was also part of the band's lineup during the recording.

Track listing 
All songs written by Tim DeLaughter, except where noted.
 "Section 21 (Together We're Heavy)" - 0:31
 "Section 22 (Running Away)" - 3:33
 "Section 23 (Get Up and Go)" - 3:54
 "Section 24 (The Fragile Army)" - 4:02
 "Section 25 (Younger Yesterday)" - 4:35
 "Section 26 (We Crawl)" - 3:29
 "Section 27 (Mental Cabaret)" - 3:00
 "Section 28 (Guaranteed Nightlite)" - 3:55
 "Section 29 (Light to Follow)" - 4:25
 "Section 30 (Watch Us Explode (Justify))" - 4:41
 "Section 31 (Overblow Your Nest)" - 4:48
 "Section 32 (The Championship)" - 5:50
 Bonus tracks on the Limited Edition (there is a Limited Edition without these bonus tracks):
 "Bonus Track (Lithium)" (Kurt Cobain)
 "Bonus Track (Checking Out)"

Personnel
Tim Delaughter - Lead vocals, additional guitars, keys, percussion
Mark Pirro - Bass
Bryan Wakeland - Drums, percussion
Ryan Fitzgerald - Electric and acoustic guitars
Annie Clark - Electric and acoustic guitars, keyboards, backing vocals
Mike Garson - Piano, keyboards, backing vocals 
Evan Hisey - Keyboards, samples
Audrey Easley - Flute, Piccolo, Electronic Wind Instrument
Rick Nelson - Violin, upright bass
Ricky Rasura - Classical Harp
Daniel Hart - Viola
Sara Donaldson - Cello
Louis Schwadron - French Horn
Mike St. Clair - Trombone
Logan Keese - Trumpet, cornet
Matt Bricker - Additional Trumpet
Mike Dillon - Vibraphone, additional percussion
Backing Vocals:
Jennefer Jobe-Penn
Julie Doyle
Kelly Repka
Jessica Jordan
Jenny Kirtland
Jennie Kelley
Apotsala Wilson

Charts

References

External links
 Official production blog
 

The Polyphonic Spree albums
2007 albums
TVT Records albums
Good Records albums
Albums produced by John Congleton
Rayleigh

Rayleigh may refer to:

Science
Rayleigh scattering
Rayleigh–Jeans law
Rayleigh waves
Rayleigh (unit), a unit of photon flux named after the 4th Baron Rayleigh
Rayl, rayl or Rayleigh, two units of specific acoustic impedance and characteristic acoustic impedance, named after the 3rd Baron Rayleigh
Rayleigh criterion in angular resolution
Rayleigh distribution
Rayleigh fading
Rayleigh law on low-field magnetization
Rayleigh length
Rayleigh number, a dimensionless number for a fluid associated with buoyancy driven flow 
Rayleigh quotient
Rayleigh–Ritz method
Plateau–Rayleigh instability explains why a falling stream of fluid breaks up into smaller packets
Rayleigh–Taylor instability an instability of an interface between two fluids

Title of nobility
Baron Rayleigh
Charlotte Mary Gertrude Strutt, 1st Baroness Rayleigh
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, physicist, winner of a Nobel Prize in 1904
Robert John Strutt, 4th Baron Rayleigh, physicist; son of John William Strutt

Fictional name
Silvers Rayleigh, a fictional character in One Piece

Places 
 Rayleigh, British Columbia, Canada
 Rayleigh, Essex, England
 Rayleigh (lunar crater)
 Rayleigh (Martian crater)

See also

 Raleigh (disambiguation) for a different spelling
Parasika Kingdom

Parasika was an ancient kingdom inhabited by the Parasikas tribe and mentioned in the Indian epic the Mahabharata.

A king named Parasarya is mentioned at two locations in Mahabharata, at 2:4 and at 2:7. It is not clear if he belonged to the Parasikas.

See also 
Kingdoms of Ancient India

External links

Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
Cornet (disambiguation)

A cornet is a brass instrument that closely resembles the trumpet.

Cornet or Kornet may also refer to:

Military
 Cornet (rank), a commissioned officer rank in cavalry troops, once the bearer of the Troop's flag or Cornet
 9M133 Kornet, a Russian anti-tank guided missile
 Fähnrich, an Austrian and German officer candidate rank since 1899, previously a Cornet (who carried the cornet/flag) c. 1480 in Germany

Name
 Adele Passy-Cornet (1838–1915), German opera singer 
 Alizé Cornet (born 1990), French tennis player
 Bruno Cornet (born 1977), Paraguayan fencer
 Franziska Cornet (1808–1870), German opera singer
 George Cornet (1877–1952), Scottish water polo player
 Gnaly Albert Maxwel Cornet (born 1996), Ivory Coast footballer
 Henri Cornet (1884–1941), French cyclist
 Jacobus Ludovicus Cornet (1815–1882), Dutch painter
 Jan Cornet (born 1982). Spanish actor
 Jordi Cornet (1965–2021). Spanish politician
 Joseph-Aurélien Cornet (1919–2004), Belgian ethnologist
 Julius Cornet (1793–1860), Austrian opera singer and theatre director
 Manu Cornet (born 1981), French cartoonist
 Nicolas Cornet (1572–1663), French theologian
 Pedro Cornet (born 1946), Paraguayan fencer
 Peeter Cornet ( – 1633), Dutch composer
 Philippe Cornet (born 1990), French ice hockey player
 Raimon de Cornet (), French troubadour
 Ramón Gómez Cornet (1898–1964), Argentine painter
 Severin Cornet ( – 1582), Franco-Flemish composer

Places

Romania
 Cornet, a village in Brusturi, Bihor County
 Cornet, a village in Poduri, Bacău County
 Cornet, a village in Vaideeni, Vâlcea County
 Cornet, a tributary of the Bucureșci in Hunedoara County
 Cornet, a tributary of the Holod in Bihor County
 Cornet, a tributary of the Sălătrucel in Vâlcea County

Elsewhere
 Cornet, Washington, a community in the United States
 Cornet Bay, a bay in the U.S. state of Washington
 Castle Cornet, a castle on an island (Cornet Rock) close to Guernsey
 The Cornet, a peak in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica

Other
 Cornet (hat): hennin 
 Cornet (hat component): lappet
 Cornetfish
 Cornet (organ stop) (pronounced "cornay"), a composite stop on an organ consisting of the 8', 4', 2-2/3', 2', and 1-3/5' stops
 Cornet, a British English synonym for ice cream cone
 Cornet, a Japanese sweet bun often filled with chocolate
 The main character in the PlayStation video game Rhapsody: A Musical Adventure
 Kornet, a potato snack food in the Philippines produced by Granny Goose
Cornet River (disambiguation)
Cornet (sculpture), a 1984 outdoor concrete and steel sculpture by David Adickes
The Cornet (film), a 1955 West German film

See also
Cornette, a kind of medieval headgear
Cornett (disambiguation)
Coronet (disambiguation)
Frederick Gutheim

Frederick Albert Gutheim (March 3, 1908 – October 2, 1993) was an urban planner and historian, architect, and author. He is noted for writing The Potomac, a history of the Potomac River and the 40th volume in the Rivers of America Series, and Worthy of the Nation a history of the development of Washington, D.C.

Career
Gutheim was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1931, and did graduate work at the University of Chicago. He served in the Army during World War II.

In addition to writing many books, Gutheim served as the staff director of the joint congressional committee on Washington Metropolitan Problems and was the president of the Washington Center for Metropolitan Studies.  He was also on the JFK's Advisory Council on Pennsylvania Avenue and the National Capital Regional Planning Council.

While serving on these committees, he wrote articles for the New York Herald Tribune, Progressive Architecture, Inland Architect and the Washington Post. Gutheim taught or held administrator positions as the University of Michigan, Williams College, George Washington University, and the Harvard Graduate School of Design.

The pinnacle of his career may have been the photographic exhibition at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. that he created of American architecture to celebrate 100th anniversary of the American Institute of Architects.  The exhibition was heralded as an important landmark in American architecture, journalism, and academia.

Later in his career, in 1972, Gutheim was the national chairman of the Frederick Law Olmsted Sesquicentennial Committee.

References

External links
 Frederick Gutheim papers. Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University.
To see a select digital collection see AHC Digital collection of Frederick Albert Gutheim Papers
AHC blog on Frederick Albert Gutheim
Frederick Albert Gutheim papers at the University of Wyoming – American Heritage Center

1908 births
1993 deaths
American architecture writers
University of Chicago alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
University of Michigan faculty
Harvard University faculty
20th-century American historians
20th-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
United States Army personnel of World War II
Me One

Me One (born Eric Martin on 19 August 1970), also known as MC Eric, is a Welsh musician, rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer, who rose to prominence for his work for the Belgian-based recording act Technotronic.

Early life
Born in Cardiff, Wales, Martin is the son of Jamaican parents; his mother an English teacher from Kingston and his father a Pentecostal Church minister from Saint Mary Parish. Martin was educated in Cardiff, London and New York City. He holds dual Jamaican and British citizenship.

Work with Technotronic
Martin (as MC Eric) was a member of techno/Eurodance act Technotronic, providing lead vocals on the 1990 hit single "This Beat Is Technotronic".  At the height of their career, they toured with Madonna on her Blond Ambition World Tour in the 1990s.

2000s–present
Martin's debut album under the name Me One was released in May 2000 on Universal-Island UK. The 12-track release was titled As Far as I'm Concerned and featured Guru (from Gang Starr) on "Do You Know" and Michelle Gayle on "In My Room" which interpolates the Beach Boys song of the same name. The latter was released as a single, along with "Game Plan" and "Old Fashioned".

Aside from his solo work, Martin has written with (or for) Jeff Beck, Maxi Priest, the Roots, Capleton, Lynden David Hall and the Sugababes.

In 2011, he signed a recording deal with Glasgow-based record label Innovation Music.

References 

1970 births
Living people
Black British male rappers
Welsh people of Jamaican descent
Welsh male rappers
Welsh male singers
Musicians from Cardiff
20th-century Black British male singers
21st-century Black British male singers
Greffier

A greffier is the clerk to a legislature or a court in some countries where French is, or used to be, the language of the legal system.

The word greffe refers to the records kept by the greffier or the department of government under the greffier's management.

Guernsey 
In Guernsey, HM Greffier is the Clerk of the Royal Court whilst the States' Greffier is the Clerk of the legislative assembly known as the States of Deliberation.

Jersey 
Since 1931, there have been two Greffiers in Jersey.

The Judicial Greffier is the clerk or Registrar of the Royal Court and the other courts of the Island. The Greffier also carries out some of the administrative functions of the Royal Court, for example registering doctors. 

The Greffier of the States is the clerk and record-keeper for the States Assembly. Propositions presented to the States are described as "lodged au Greffe".

France 
The greffiers are responsible for the records of the courts. A judicial document is not valid without a greffier's signature. They also have some responsibilities for evidence.

References 

Law of Guernsey
Law of Jersey
French legal terminology
Tross

The  was the camp follower contingent of the Landsknecht mercenary regiments which originated at the end of the fifteenth century, and were the dominant form of infantry mercenary force throughout the sixteenth century. Each  unit traveled with a  contingent, which followed behind. They carried the military and fighting necessities, the food and the belongings of each "Soldat" ("soldier") and his family. Members of the  were made up of women, children, craftsmen and day laborers. The term "support staff" can be used to give the German word a clearer meaning, although its true English translation is "unit train" or "baggage train". Sometimes spelled Dross, the term derives from Middle High German trosse, from French trousse ("kit"); it is not related to English dross (Old English drōsna, drōsne, "dregs, sediment").

Many women of the  were wives of the soldiers, or other family members such as sisters, nieces, or daughters. Some of the women were betrothed to a member of the military unit. Very few single, unattached women were permitted into the ranks of the  in fear that their possible turn to prostitution would cause unrest in the baggage train by disrupting family relationships. Unattached women allowed into the  were those who possessed a skill or trade which made them a valuable asset, not only to the  unit, but to the military unit as well. However, they were closely watched until they took a legitimate husband.

The custom of a regiment being followed by the  continued beyond the period of the . During the Thirty Years' War, it could occur that a 1,000-man regiment would be accompanied by 500 women and 300 children. The  was indispensable for supply purposes, although it limited the freedom of movement of the army. At times, the  fell prey to opposing armies.

Notes
Portions of this article were translated from the German Wikipedia.

References

 Möller, Hans-Michael. Das Regiment der Landsknechte: Untersuchungen zu Verfassung, Recht und Selbstverständnis in Deutschen Söldnerheeren des 16. Jahrhunderts. Frankfurter Historische Abhandlungen (Steiner), 1976.

Landsknechts
German words and phrases
Profumo

Profumo may refer to

People
 Albert Profumo (1879–1940), English barrister
 Alessandro Profumo (born 1957), Italian banker, CEO of Gruppo Unicredit
 David Profumo (born 1955), English novelist 
 Francesco Profumo (born 1953), Dean of the Engineering Faculty of the Politecnico di Torino
 John Profumo (1915–2006), British politician

Titles
 Baron Profumo of the Kingdom of Sardinia

Other
 Profumo (album), an album released by Italian singer Gianna Nannini in 1986.
 Profumo affair, 1963 British political scandal, relating to John Profumo (1915–2006).