alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Celtic Challenge Rowing Race

The Celtic Challenge Rowing Race is a 96-mile (150 km) rowing race from Arklow in Ireland to Aberystwyth in Wales. It is a biennial event which usually takes place on the first Saturday in May. Crews from Wales, Ireland, England and as far afield as Germany compete.

Description
The race is open to all 4-oared boats with a cox. No sliding seats or out-riggers are accepted. Normal class entries are Celtic Longboat, Pembrokeshire longboat, Irish East Coast skiff, Irish All Ireland class boat and a variety of Thames skiffs. Each crew consists of 12 people, therefore crew changeover strategies are a must. There is a Senior Men's category along with Senior Ladies, Veteran, Mixed and Miscellaneous categories.

History

In 1989 a crew from Aberystwyth Lifeboat rowed from Arklow to Aberystwyth to raise money for the Bronglais Hospital Scanner Appeal, raising a sum of approximately £4000, taking well over 22 hours to complete the course. In 1991 the Lifeboat crew did another sponsored row from Arklow to Aberystwyth raising money towards the new Lifeboat Station at Aberystwyth. It was from these two sponsored crossings from Arklow that the idea for Celtic Challenge was conceived. In 1993 the first Celtic Challenge Rowing race took place starting from Arklow and ending in Aberystwyth and since then the challenge has taken place in 1995, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2006 and 2008. The 2001 event was cancelled due to foot and mouth and in 2002 14 crews took part. The 2004 challenge was cancelled due to bad weather. 2006 had 17 entries.

A documentary of the 2008 Celtic Challenge, called 'Crossing the Irish' was completed by Rob Garwood in 2009.

See also
 East Coast Rowing Council
 Welsh Sea Rowing Association

External links
http://www.celtic-challenge.org.uk/
https://web.archive.org/web/20180809162901/http://welshsearowing.org.uk/
The Daily Telegraph
http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/mid/sites/aberystwyth/pages/celtic_challenge06_photos.shtml 
https://web.archive.org/web/20160612021315/http://littlemanfilms.co.uk/

Rowing competitions in the United Kingdom
Sport in Aberystwyth
Arklow
Recurring sporting events established in 1993
1993 establishments in Ireland
1993 establishments in Wales
Ichadon

Ichadon (Hanja: 異次頓), also known as Geochadon (Hanja: 居次頓), or by his courtesy name, Yeomchok (Hanja: 厭觸), or Yeomdo, (Hanja: 厭都), was a Buddhist monk and the advisor to the Silla king, Beopheung. He was born in 501 AD, Silla, and died in 527 AD.

Miracle
Early in his reign, Beopheung had desired to promulgate Buddhism as the state religion. However, officials in his court opposed him. In the fourteenth year of his reign, Beopheung's "Grand Secretary", Ichadon, devised a strategy to overcome court opposition. Ichadon schemed with the king, convincing him to make a proclamation granting Buddhism official state sanction using the royal seal. Ichadon told the king to deny having made such a proclamation when the opposing officials received it and demanded an explanation.  Instead, Ichadon would confess and accept the punishment of execution, for what would quickly be seen as a forgery.

Ichadon prophesied to the king that at his execution a wonderful miracle would convince the opposing court faction of Buddhism's power. Ichadon's scheme went as planned, and the opposing officials took the bait.  When Ichadon was executed on the 15th day of the 9th month in 527, his prophecy was fulfilled; the earth shook, the sun was darkened, beautiful flowers rained from the sky, his severed head flew to the sacred Geumgang mountains, and milk instead of blood sprayed 100 feet in the air from his beheaded corpse.  The omen was accepted by the opposing court officials as a manifestation of heaven's approval, and Buddhism was made the state religion in 527 CE. Ichadon's body was then taken to the Geumgang mountains and buried there with respect. His martyrdom led to the construction of Heungryun monastery, Silla's first state-sponsored temple.

Historical context
According to the Samguk Yusa, his family name was Bak. His mother's family was descended from the father of Jijeung of Silla.
In Silla before Buddhism was recognized, Shamanism, which regarded Bak Hyeokgeose as a god, was popular. In response, King Beopheung wanted to use Ichadon, a descendant of Hyeokgeose, to establish Buddhism as a state religion and Ichadon accepted the sacrifice.

See also
 Korean Buddhism

References

 

501 births
527 deaths
6th-century Buddhists
6th-century Buddhist monks
Buddhism in Korea
Korean Buddhists
Korean Buddhist monks
Buddhist monks
Prophecy in Buddhism
Silla Buddhist monks
Buddhist martyrs
Bill Campbell (sportscaster)

Bill Campbell (September 7, 1923 – October 6, 2014) was a sportscaster in the Philadelphia area. He was born in the Logan section of North Philadelphia.

Campbell began his broadcasting career in high school at multi-ethnic WTEL, a Philadelphia radio station.  He moved to Lancaster, Pennsylvania in 1941 as a Minor League Baseball announcer, and then settled in Philadelphia in 1942, where he lived the rest of his life. Campbell first started in area radio at WIP, before moving to WCAU in 1946 as sports director, taking the same position when WCAU-TV began its historic telecasts, in 1948; he remained in that position until 1966.

Campbell was play-by-play announcer for the Philadelphia Warriors from their debut in 1946 until their move to San Francisco in 1962, calling Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game. He was also play-by-play announcer for the Philadelphia Eagles from 1952 to 1966, Philadelphia Phillies from 1963 to 1970, and Philadelphia 76ers from 1972 to 1981.

Campbell later held down the 10 AM to noon slot at his first Delaware Valley broadcasting employer, WIP, when it switched to an all-sports format, from 1987 to 1991.

The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia inducted Campbell into their Hall of Fame in 1999 and named him their Person of the Year in 2008.

Campbell was awarded the Curt Gowdy Media Award by the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2005. He died on October 6, 2014, aged 91, at a hospital in Camden, New Jersey.

On February 1, 2016, the inaugural Bill Campbell Broadcast Award was presented by the Philadelphia Sports Writers Association, to longtime Eagles announcer Merrill Reese.

References

External links
Bill Campbell at SABR (Baseball BioProject)
Bill Campbell at Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia Hall of Fame

1923 births
2014 deaths
People from Atlantic City, New Jersey
American radio sports announcers
College football announcers
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Minor League Baseball broadcasters
National Basketball Association broadcasters
National Football League announcers
Radio personalities from Philadelphia
Philadelphia 76ers announcers
Philadelphia Eagles announcers
Philadelphia Phillies announcers
Television anchors from Philadelphia
Philadelphia Warriors announcers
Burials in New Jersey
West station

West station can refer to:

Australia 
 City West railway station, Perth
 Concord West railway station
 Cootamundra West railway station
 Euabalong West railway station
 Maryborough West railway station
 West Leederville railway station
 West Richmond railway station

Austria 
 Innsbruck Westbahnhof
 Villach Westbahnhof
 Wien Westbahnhof railway station

Belgium 
 Brussels-West station
 Charleroi-West railway station

Canada 
 Montréal-Ouest station

Denmark 
 Varde Vest Station, Varde

France 
 Gare Montparnasse, once station of the Chemins de fer de l'Ouest

Germany 
 Aachen West station
 Eisenach West station
 Frankfurt West station
 Gevelsberg West station
 Tübingen West station

Hungary 
 Budapest Nyugati station

Netherlands 
 Veenendaal West railway station

North Korea 
 Sopyongyang station (West P'yŏngyang station)

People's Republic of China 
 Beijing West railway station

Sweden 
 Malmö West Station (Malmö Västra)
 Östersund Västra Train Station, Östersund
 Sundsvalls västra station, Stenstan

Switzerland 
 Aareschlucht West railway station
 Brienz West railway station
 Chur West railway station
 Interlaken West railway station
 Solothurn West railway station (Westbahnhof)

United Kingdom
West Acton tube station
Allens West railway station
Bangor West railway station
Canterbury West railway station
West Croydon railway station
Dorchester West railway station
Dorking West railway station
West Ealing railway station
Folkestone West railway station
Greenock West railway station
Hamilton West railway station
West Harrow tube station
Hillington West railway station
Hounslow West tube station
Kentish Town West railway station
Maidstone West railway station
Oakwood tube station, formerly known as Enfield West
Penge West railway station
Pollokshaws West railway station
Pollokshields West railway station
Reading West railway station
Tunbridge Wells West railway station
Watford West railway station
West Ruislip station
West Sutton railway station
West Worthing railway station

United States
West Acton station (MBTA)
West Baltimore station
West Barnstable station
Boston University West station
Chestnut Hill West station
Corona–West station
West Concord station
West Glacier station
West Gloucester station
West Haven station
West Hingham station
West Medford station
Mount Vernon West station
West Natick station
West Newton station
West Palm Beach station
West Roxbury station
West Station (MBTA)
West Trenton station

See also 

 Western station (disambiguation)
 East Station (disambiguation)
 North Station (disambiguation)
 South Station (disambiguation)
Llansteffan Castle

Llansteffan Castle () is a privately owned castle in Llansteffan, Carmarthenshire, Wales, overlooking the River Tywi estuary in Carmarthen Bay.

Iron Age

The castle sits on a much older Iron Age promontory fort, proving Llansteffan has been inhabited for several millennia. The hill where the castle stands commands the River Tywi estuary. The hill would have been stripped of trees so that foot soldiers were vulnerable to attack by archers. 

The original earthworks can still be seen and were used as part of the modern castle's defence system—the castle proper rests within the earthwork rings.

Conquest of West Wales

The castle was built by the Normans after 1100 as part of their invasion of Wales and granted to the Marmion family before passing to the Camvilles through marriage.

It was captured by Maredudd ap Gruffydd in 1146 against the forces of Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan and his brother William FitzGerald, Lord of Emlyn who were the leading Norman settlers of the region. 

The castle was retaken by the Normans in 1158.  Llywelyn the Great recaptured the castle for the Welsh in 1215 and taken back by the Camville family sometime after 1223. The castle fell to Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1257 but returned to the Camvilles by the 1260s.

By 1367, it was described as in a poor state.

Owain Glyndŵr
The castle was captured twice by the forces of Owain Glyndŵr in 1403 and c.1405. It was recaptured by Sir John Pennes in 1408. The castle was later granted to the Crown and the two-tower Gatehouse was converted into a residence.

Preservation
The castle, which is privately owned, is under a deed of guardianship with Cadw.

In the media
In 2022 a six episode television series, Teulu'r Castell (meaning 'Castle Family') was broadcast on the Welsh language channel, S4C. The series follows businesswoman Marian Evans, her husband and two daughters, after they purchased the 100-acre Plas Farm several years beforehand in a confidential deal, including ownership and responsibility for Llansteffan Castle. The Evans family renovate the farm buildings and develop the castle into a wedding venue.

See also
List of hillforts in Wales

References 

Archaeological sites in Carmarthenshire
Castles in Carmarthenshire
Hillforts in Carmarthenshire
Castle ruins in Wales
Grade I listed castles in Wales
Grade I listed buildings in Carmarthenshire
London Road railway station

London Road railway station can refer to:

Bicester London Road railway station (now called Bicester Village railway station)
Braunston London Road railway station
London Road (Brighton) railway station
Carlisle London Road railway station (disused)
London Road (Guildford) railway station
Leicester London Road railway station (now called Leicester railway station)
Manchester London Road railway station (now called Manchester Piccadilly station)
Nottingham London Road railway station (disused)
St Albans (London Road) railway station (disused)
London Road (Cairnryan Military Railway) railway station (disused) on the Cairnryan Military Railway
Wellingborough London Road railway station
Desert Blue

Desert Blue is a 1998 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Morgan J. Freeman, starring Brendan Sexton III, Kate Hudson, Christina Ricci, Casey Affleck, Sara Gilbert and John Heard.

Plot 
A rising Hollywood starlet becomes "marooned" in a small desert town while on a roadtrip with her father. There, she gets to know the town's rather eccentric residents, including one whose hobby is pipe bombs and another who is trying to carry out his father's dream of building a waterpark in the desert.

Cast

Soundtrack
The soundtrack features songs by The Candyskins, Rilo Kiley, Janis Ian, and others.

Reception
Rotten Tomatoes, review aggregator, reports that 37% of 19 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating was 5/10.  Glenn Lovell of Variety called it "a cloying, mechanically plotted comedy". Lawrence Van Gelder of The New York Times wrote, "The graceful literary and directorial touch of Morgan J. Freeman turns these youngsters into individuals rather than cinema's customary caricatures".  John Anderson of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "It's a small story, perhaps even an ephemeral movie, but Desert Blue also has a novelistic capacity for character and setting, without either the maudlin sentimentality or gratuitous vulgarity of most teen-oriented movies."  Roger Ebert of The Chicago Sun-Times rated it three out of four stars and compared it to The Last Picture Show and U Turn, saying that it is the "herbal tea" version of the latter. Lisa Schwarzbaum  of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a grade of C and described the setting as "yet another indie drama set in a burg reminiscent, by way of aggressive eccentricity, of TV's Northern Exposure."

References

External links

1998 films
1998 comedy-drama films
American comedy-drama films
1990s English-language films
Films directed by Morgan J. Freeman
1998 independent films
Films produced by Andrea Sperling
The Samuel Goldwyn Company films
1990s American films
Greatbatch

Greatbatch, a surname, may refer to:

 Bruce Greatbatch (1917–1989), British colonial official
 Mark Greatbatch (born 1963), New Zealand cricketer
 Shaun Greatbatch (born 1969), English darts player
 William Greatbatch, British potter
 Wilson Greatbatch (1919–2011), American inventor
Hann function

The Hann function is named after the Austrian meteorologist Julius von Hann.  It is a window function used to perform Hann smoothing. The function, with length  and amplitude  is given by:
   

For digital signal processing, the function is sampled symmetrically (with spacing  and amplitude ):

which is a sequence of  samples, and  can be even or odd.  (see )  It is also known as the raised cosine window, Hann filter, von Hann window, etc.

Fourier transform 

The Fourier transform of  is given by:

Discrete transforms 

The Discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of the  length, time-shifted sequence is defined by a Fourier series, which also has a 3-term equivalent that is derived similarly to the Fourier transform derivation:

The truncated sequence  is a DFT-even (aka periodic) Hann window.  Since the truncated sample has value zero, it is clear from the Fourier series definition that the DTFTs are equivalent.  However, the approach followed above results in a significantly different-looking, but equivalent, 3-term expression:

An N-length DFT of the window function samples the DTFT at frequencies  for integer values of   From the expression immediately above, it is easy to see that only 3 of the N DFT coefficients are non-zero.  And from the other expression, it is apparent that all are real-valued.  These properties are appealing for real-time applications that require both windowed and non-windowed (rectangularly windowed) transforms, because the windowed transforms can be efficiently derived from the non-windowed transforms by convolution.

Name 

The function is named in honor of von Hann, who used the three-term weighted average smoothing technique on meteorological data.  However, the term Hanning function is also conventionally used, derived from the paper in which the term hanning a signal was used to mean applying the Hann window to it.   The confusion arose from the similar Hamming function, named after Richard Hamming.

See also
 Window function
 Apodization
 Raised cosine distribution
 Raised-cosine filter

Page citations

References

External links 
 Hann function at MathWorld

Signal processing
Down House (film)

Down House () is a 2001 Russian comedy-gross-out film by Roman Kachanov, a modern interpretation of the 1869 novel The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoevsky.

The film received the Special Jury Prize at Kinotavr.

Premise
The plot is set in modern Moscow, probably in the second half of the 1990s, with  "New Russians", Hummer H1 jeeps, bribery, violence, truckfuls of tinned stew as a dowry, and so on. The film is quite far from the novel's subject, but still keeps to the main storyline. It features Fyodor Bondarchuk as Myshkin, and a soundtrack by DJ Groove, one of the most popular Russian DJs (who appears in the film as a taxi driver).

In Russian, Даун (Down) primarily refers to a person with Down syndrome, or, colloquially, to anyone retarded or just stupid, so it is similar to Idiot; while  Хаус (House) refers to House music, which is used extensively in the film. The name is also a reference to the tendency of Russian subcultures such as businessmen, hackers and hippies to make heavy use of words borrowed from English and transliterated into the Russian alphabet.

Cast
Fyodor Bondarchuk – Prince Myshkin
Ivan Okhlobystin – Parfyon Rogozhin
Anna Buklovskaya – Nastasya Filippovna
Aleksandr Bashirov – Ferdyshchenko
Mikhail Vladimirov – Ganya Ivolgin
Jerzy Stuhr – General Ivolgin (voiced by Valentin Smirnitsky)
Valentina Sharykina – general's wife Ivolgina
Galina Kashkovskaya – Varya Ivolgina
Juozas Budraitis – General Epanchin (voiced by Boris Khimichev)
Barbara Brylska – general's wife Epanchina
Elena Kotelnikova – Aglaya Epanchina
Artemy Troitsky – Totsky

References

External links

 RusFilm

2001 films
2000s Russian-language films
2001 black comedy films
Films based on The Idiot
Films set in Moscow
Russian black comedy films
Russian crime comedy-drama films
Films directed by Roman Kachanov
2000s crime comedy-drama films
Midland station

Midland station may refer to:

United Kingdom

Bedford railway station, previously known as Bedford Midland Road station
Derby railway station, also known as Derby Midland station
Leyton Midland Road railway station
Nottingham station, previously known as Nottingham Midland station

Midland station, an alternative name for St Pancras railway station
Sheffield station, previously known as Sheffield Midland station

Elsewhere

Midland railway station, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Midland station (Toronto), a rapid transit station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Transfer (propaganda)

Transfer is a technique used in propaganda and advertising. Also known as association, this is a technique of projecting positive or negative qualities (praise or blame) of a person, entity, object, or value (an individual, group, organization, nation, patriotism, etc.) to another in order to make the second more acceptable or to discredit it. It evokes an emotional response, which stimulates the target to identify with recognized authorities. Often highly visual, this technique often utilizes symbols superimposed over other visual images. An example of common use of this technique in the United States is for the President to be filmed or photographed in front of the country's flag. Another technique used is celebrity endorsement. Example of using the method for negative purpose is association of LGBT with pedophilia that is used by the authorities and pro-government media in Russia.

See also 
 Propaganda
 Advertising
 Persuade

References 

Propaganda techniques
Advertising techniques
Metaphors by type
Mark Wystrach

Mark Wystrach (born December 17, 1979) is an American  country music musician and actor. Wystrach appeared in the Academy Award-winning film The Eyes of Tammy Faye. He is the lead singer of the country band Midland.

Biography
Wystrach, a native of Sonoita, Arizona, attended Salpointe Catholic High School in Tucson, Arizona from 1994 to 1998. Wystrach proposed to his girlfriend Ty Haney on May 28, 2019. Wystrach and Haney got married on October 8, 2019. On November 21, 2019, they welcomed a baby girl Sundance "Sunny" Leon. On December 5, 2021, they welcomed a baby boy. His sister, Alex Flanagan, is a sports journalist that has worked multiple networks.

Acting and modelling career
Wystrach played the role of Fox Crane on the NBC soap opera Passions from 2006–2007 before the show moved to DirecTV in September 2007. He had a cameo role in CSI: Miami (season 6, episode 11). He played Nolan and Vic Fraiser, aka Kamen Rider Wrath, in the television series Kamen Rider: Dragon Knight. In 2017, Wystrach took the title role in the movie Johnny Christ.

He also portrayed country singer Gary Paxton in the 2021 film The Eyes of Tammy Faye.

He was also signed to IMG Models as a model.

References

External links

1979 births
American male soap opera actors
Living people
Male actors from Tucson, Arizona
21st-century American male actors
American male television actors
American country singer-songwriters
American male models
IMG Models models
21st-century American singer-songwriters
Country musicians from Arizona
American country guitarists
Singer-songwriters from Arizona
Midland (band) members
Westgate station

Westgate station can refer to:

Westgate station (Las Vegas Monorail) in Nevada, United States
Westgate station (Metro Transit) in Minnesota, United States
Westgate-on-Sea railway station in Kent, England
Wakefield Westgate railway station in West Yorkshire, England
Rotherham Westgate railway station, a former station in South Yorkshire, England
Westgate station, Johannesburg in Ferreirasdorp, South Africa
Westgate-in-Weardale railway station, a planned station on the Weardale Railway in England
Vogel

Vogel may refer to:

Places
Vogel (lunar crater)
Vogel (Martian crater)
11762 Vogel, a main-belt asteroid
Vogel (mountain), a mountain of Slovenia
Vogel Ski Resort
Vogel State Park, Georgia, United States
Vogel Glacier, a glacier of Antarctica
Vogel Peak, a mountain of South Georgia

Other uses
Vogel (surname)
Vogel, the main character in the 1959 novel The Last Valley by J.B. Pick
Vogel's, a brand of bread sold by Quality Bakers in New Zealand

See also

VOGL, debugging software
Waldorf-Astoria (disambiguation)

Waldorf Astoria New York is a historic Manhattan hotel built in 1931.

Waldorf-Astoria may also refer to: 
 Waldorf-Astoria (1893–1929), the predecessor of the current Waldorf Astoria New York
 Waldorf Astoria Hotels & Resorts, a hospitality hotel management firm
 Waldorf Astoria Berlin, a hotel in Germany
 Waldorf Astoria Chicago, a hotel in the United States
 Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian, a hotel in Scotland
 Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower, a proposed but cancelled Chicago skyscraper
 Waldorf Astoria Washington DC, which opened in 2022 in the Old Post Office building
 Waldorf-Astoria Cigar Company
 Waldorf-Astoria-Zigarettenfabrik (Cigarette factory), a former German tobacco company

See also
 Waldorf Hotel (disambiguation)
 Waldorf education
 William Waldorf Astor, hotel businessman for whom the hotel chain name was derived, great grandson of John Jacob Astor, born in Walldorf (now Germany), the first multi-millionaire in the United States.
Adam Prazmowski

Adam Józef Ignacy Prażmowski (1821–1885) was a Polish astronomer and astrophysicist of the 19th century. He worked in 1839 to 1850 at the Warsaw Observatory. Among his many discoveries, he discovered the polarized emissions from the sun's corona in 1860.

External links

 Short Biography

19th-century Polish astronomers
1821 births
1885 deaths
Gloria Root

Gloria Root (May 28, 1948 – January 8, 2006) was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Month for the December 1969 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Pompeo Posar.

Biography

Education
Root started her higher education at the University of Illinois, but later transferred to Northwestern University, to major in political science. She graduated from Rhode Island School of Design with degrees in fine arts and architecture.  She then took a master's degree in City Planning and a Master's of Architecture at the University of California, Berkeley.

Career
In 1980, she opened her own planning firm, Planning Analysis and Development, in San Francisco. She headed the firm until 1998, when she relocated to New York. While in New York, Root headed the strategic planning services division of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. She returned to San Francisco in 2002 to a job as a project manager for Auberge Resorts. She later took a senior position with RBF Consulting. From 1990 to 1998, Root was a board member of San Francisco Urban Planning + Research Association, a public-policy think-tank promoting good government and sustainable urban planning.

Private life
In 1970 she was arrested in Greece, convicted of smuggling 38 pounds (17 Kilos) of hashish across the border from Turkey, and received a prison sentence of 10 months. She was married to Richard Dodson in 1984; they were divorced at the time of her death. Her daughter, Francesca, was born in 1986.  Root died from cancer in 2006.

See also
 List of people in Playboy 1960–1969

References

External links
 
 San Francisco Planning + Urban Research Association

1948 births
2006 deaths
Models from Chicago
1960s Playboy Playmates
Rhode Island School of Design alumni
Deaths from cancer in California
Junction railway station

Junction railway station was just outside the village of Crossbarry, on the Cork and Bandon Railway in County Cork, Ireland.

History

The station opened as Kinsale Junction on 27 June 1863. It was renamed Junction on 1 November 1886. It was further renamed Crossbarry on 1 July 1938.

Regular passenger services were withdrawn on 1 April 1961.

Routes

Further reading

References

Disused railway stations in County Cork
Railway stations in the Republic of Ireland opened in 1863
Railway stations in the Republic of Ireland closed in 1961
Rigger (industry)

A rigger or slinger is a skilled tradesperson who specializes in the assistance of manual mechanical advantage device comprising pulley, block and tackle or motorised such as a crane or derrick or chain hoists (chain fall) or capstan winch.

Etymology
The term comes from the days of sailing ships, when a rigger was a person who worked with rigging, that is, ropes for hoisting the sails. Sailors could put their rope skills to work in lifting and hauling. In an era before mechanical haulage and cranes, ropes, pulleys and muscle power were all that was available to move heavy objects. A specialized subset are telecommunication riggers,  entertainment industry riggers. In time, rigging became a trade in itself, giving rise to modern usages with some original terminology remaining, with its roots all but forgotten.

Description
Riggers attach loads of equipment to cranes or structures using shackles, cables, chains, clamps or straps, employing pulleys, winches, lifts or chain hoists (aka chain motors). Quick load calculations are necessary for each load and engineering principles are always in play. Riggers use various suspension techniques to get their load around obstacles on a construction site or loading dock or event site to the desired location and height.

See also
 World's Toughest Fixes, an American reality-TV series with a focus on industrial rigging

References

External links 
Specialized Carriers and Riggers Association
What is a Rigger? - Rigger.com, by Toolwell
Subpart CC – Cranes and Derricks in Construction: Qualified Rigger - OSHA - 2010

Construction trades workers
Marine occupations
L-series trains

The L-series (; Linke) trains are temporary trains run by railway bureaus of the People's Republic of China at times when they are thought to be necessary, such as the Chunyun period.

History

1940–1960 
The very first L-series trains appeared during the Anti-Japanese war, when the national railway network was entirely operated by South Manzhou Railway(南满铁路), and controlled by Japan. After the victory of the war, the country was founded, and the National Railway Bureau(国家铁路局), which once called China People's Railway(中国人民铁道) was founded. Then, to meet the transport needs during the Spring Festival (Chunyun), the bureau started a "temporary passenger service", which was usually operated using freight wagons as a result of a lack of passenger coaches.

The Cultural Revolution 
During the Cultural Revolution, the national railway bureau was taken control from the government, and more trains to meet the needs of revolutionaries to move around the country. More "temporary passenger services" had to be made, this time with more freight wagons and passenger coaches. It was also a time when there's many serious injuries in those trains, and even deaths.

1976–1990 
After the downfall of "the gang of four", the national railway bureau was controlled by the government again, and more L-series services had to be made to transport the huge flows of people rushing home during the Spring Festival. The flow of east and south coming people looking for jobs made it even worse. The trains were too crowded that passengers even had to push themselves into windows to get on the trains. L-series trains were still operated, but with less and less freight wagons and more commuter coaches (known as coach type 30).

1990–2000 
With more and more passenger coaches were made, those services provided by freight wagons finally stopped the L-series services in 2000. Meanwhile, the fourth railway speed-up campaign made more faster services and more L-series trains in a higher speed. The L-series trains began to run as the same priority of 1- or 2- trains instead of the lowest level.

2000–2015 
The national railway bureau improved the L-series train services during the 5th and 6th railway speed-up campaign.

2015– 
In 2015 all the L-series trains were replaced by trains with a temporary number of 3- and 4-, and the new fast and express temporary trains was introduced. The L-series was then divided into K-series (K3*** and K4***), T-series (T3*** and T4***), Z-series (Z3*** and Z4***). 

CRH also provides high-speed temporary services within D-series (D3*** and D4***) and G-series (G3*** and G4***).

References

Passenger rail transport in China
Jonathan Wilson

Jonathan Wilson may refer to:

 Jonathan Wilson (musician) (born 1974), American psychedelic folk musician
 Jonathan Wilson (writer) (born 1976), British sports journalist and author
 Jonathan Wilson (actor) (active since 1990), Canadian actor and playwright
 Jonathan Wilson (author) (active since 1994), British-born writer and professor 
 Jonathan Wilson (fighter) (born 1987), American mixed martial artist
 Dana Wilson (rugby league) (Jonathan Wilson, 1983–2011), rugby player from Cook Islands
 Jonathan Wilson, former member of the band Eisley

See also
 John Wilson (disambiguation)
 Johnny Wilson (disambiguation)
 Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove, Christian writer and preacher
Seleucia (Pamphylia)

Seleucia ( – also transliterated as Seleukeia) was originally an ancient Greek city on the Mediterranean coast of Pamphylia, in Anatolia, approximately 15 km northeast of Side; the site is about 1 km north of the village of Bucakşeyhler (also Bucakşıhler), approximately 12 km northeast of Manavgat, Antalya Province, Turkey. Modern scholars, however, place Pamphylian Seleucia near Şıhlar, north of the mouth of the Peri Su, west of Side. and the remains at this location are rather considered those of Lyrba.

Another name for the city in the Middle Ages was Scandalor, which was documented on portolan maps.

It is situated on a hilltop with steep escarpments on several sides making a strong defensive position.

The Site

There are remains of an agora containing a row of two-storey and three-storey building façades, a gate, a mausoleum, a Roman bath, a necropolis, in addition to several temples and churches.

Because of its remote location, the site has not been plundered for building materials and the area is littered with columns and other items like large grindstones for flour making.

References

 Blue Guide, Turkey, The Aegean and Mediterranean Coasts (), p. 496.

External links
Hazlitt, Classical Gazetteer

Archaeological sites in Antalya Province
Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey
Seleucid colonies in Anatolia
Populated places in ancient Pamphylia
Ruins in Turkey
Former populated places in Turkey
Geography of Antalya Province
History of Antalya Province
Manavgat District
Orneta

Orneta  (, Prussian: Wurmedītin) is a town in northern Poland, with a total population of 8,951 (2016). It is situated in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and within the historical region of Warmia.

History 

Orneta, said to have been a village of the ancient Old Prussians, was first mentioned in 1308. The town coat of arms depicts the worm (English: worm, dragon; German: Worms, Wurm as in Tatzelwurm, Lindworm). The bishop of Warmia Eberhard von Neiße ordered the building of a new town which received town rights in 1313 and was mainly populated by settlers from Silesia.

In 1341–1350, it was the seat of the Bishops of Warmia. In 1440, the town joined the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation, at the request of which Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon signed the act of incorporation of the region and town into the Kingdom of Poland in 1454. In 1538 Orneta was visited by astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus, who accompanied the newly elected Warmian bishop,  Polish diplomat Jan Dantyszek during his tour of Warmia. The town was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the First Partition of Poland in 1772, and subsequently it became part of Germany in 1871.

During World War II, the Germans established three prisoner of war forced labour camps in the town. After Germany's defeat in the war, the town became again part of Poland.

In May 2010, a procession with the coffin of Nicolaus Copernicus stopped in Orneta and official ceremonies took place before the great astronomer was buried again in Frombork.

Legend of the dragon
According to some legend, many ages ago there lived a dragon that devoured not only animals, but also women and children. Many knights who tried to set the town free from the disaster were killed in a struggle with the monster. At last one of the knights managed to combat the dragon. Reminiscences of the legend are reflected in Orneta's crest. The oldest image of the crest is known from the sealing wax on the document from 1388. It represents the dragon biting its own tail. In the frame of the seal there is only a fragment of an inscription which says" S.BV.MDIT." However, on the seals from the 15th century, a juridical seal from the 16th century as well as the seal of the town secretary from 18th century there is the dragon coiled, lying on its own back.

Sports
The local football club is . It competes in the lower leagues.

Gallery

Notable residents
 Petrus Zwicker (died 1403), cleric
 Krzysztof Jotko (born 1989), mixed martial artist

References

External links

 Orneta's unofficial website
 Orneta's official website

Cities and towns in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Lidzbark County
Populated riverside places in Poland
Warmia
Oregano (software)

Oregano is a graphical software application for schematic capture and simulation of electrical circuits. The actual simulation is performed by the SPICE, Ngspice or Gnucap engines. It is similar to gEDA and KTechlab. It makes use of GNOME technology and is meant to run on free Unix-like operating systems  such as Linux, FreeBSD et al.

History

Oregano was first developed by Richard Hult, who worked on it until 2002. Most of the design ideas and a lot of the current code are still his.  He released various versions, up to version 0.23.  All of them were based on the Spice engine, and supported only the old GNOME libraries.

When Richard Hult stated that he wouldn't be able to continue developing the software, Ricardo Markiewicz and Andrés de Barbará continued his work, releasing a renewed Oregano, with support for the latest graphical libraries and adding support for the Gnucap engine, among other things.

Marc Lorber ported the whole code base from gtk+-2.x to gtk+-3.x. Bernhard Schuster took over the project in early 2013.

See also

 Comparison of EDA Software
 List of free electronics circuit simulators
 Dependencies: GNOME, SPICE, Ngspice or Gnucap

External links
 

GNOME Applications
Engineering software that uses GTK
Free software programmed in C
Free electronic design automation software
Electronic design automation software for Linux
Free simulation software
Electronic circuit simulators
Glenn Allen Jr.

Glenn Allen Jr. (born September 24, 1970) is the co-owner of Allen-Hock Motorsports, an American Speed Association (ASA) team. He is a former auto racer, participating in both the ASA and the NASCAR Busch Series during his career, and earning the 1996 NBS Rookie of the Year award.

Career

Busch Series
Allen participated in two Busch Series races from 1992 to 1995 before becoming a full-time driver in 1996.
Other than Mike Dillon, he was the only rookie to participate in all 26 events that year, and had two top-ten finishes. His 14th-place finish in the standings earned him the Rookie of the Year award. His best year came in 1998, when he had 7 top-tens and finished 11th in the points.

Afterwards, he joined Akins Motorsports to drive the No. 38 Ford Taurus in 1999. However, he struggled, finishing in the top twenty only five times in seventeen races, and was replaced by Hut Stricklin. Afterwards, Allen started in six races in the 2000 season, five of them for Felix Sabates. Failing to finish in the top twenty-five once, he was released.

ASA
After being released by Sabates, Allen went back to the ASA. Racing for Bud Gebben, he raced in ten events, finishing in the top-ten nine times. Nevertheless, he did not get a full-time ride, and appeared sparingly throughout the 2001 season. He served as a crew chief for Russ Tuttle in the 2002 season. Allen, who still was interested in racing, made a deal with Ed Hock in 2003 to drive in the ASA Series cars.

Later, Allen became the team manager for Kris Stump Motorsports. In 2006, he teamed up with Hock to create Allen-Hock Motorsports, which houses cars for Stump, Brent Downey and Tony Rosebrugh.

Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Busch Series

Busch North Series

References

External links
 

Living people
1970 births
Sportspeople from Cincinnati
Racing drivers from Ohio
NASCAR drivers
American Speed Association drivers
Philemon Wright High School

Philemon Wright High School is an anglophone high school located in the Hull sector of Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. It is administered by the Western Quebec School Board and named after Philemon Wright, founder of Hull. Philemon Wright High school also offers an Enriched French program course to students. 

The school was constructed in 1968. Its first principal was Clyde MacTavish, who remained in his position until 1976. Students who enrolled in Philemon Wright High School during its first year only had access to the second floor of one block in the building, resulting in over sixty students per classroom until Christmas, when the first-floor classrooms were ready for use. 

The building that houses the school is shared with Hadley Junior High School, which contains students from grades 7–8. The two schools are associated with each other within the Western Quebec School Board and share a website.

References

External links
Philemon Wright High School website
Philemon Wright High School - 50th Reunion - 2018 website

High schools in Gatineau
English-language schools in Quebec
Educational institutions established in 1968
1968 establishments in Quebec
Chávez High School

Chávez High School can refer to several schools in the United States:

Chávez Huerta K-12 Preparatory Academy (Pueblo, Colorado)
Chávez High School (Delano, California)
Chávez High School (Houston)
César Chávez High School (Phoenix, Arizona)
Chávez High School (Santa Ana, California)
Cesar Chavez High School (Stockton, California)
César Chávez Learning Academies (San Fernando, California)
Rhinophis phillipsi

Rhinophis phillipsi, commonly known as Phillips' earth snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka.

Etymology
The specific name, phillipsi, is in honor of British naturalist Major William Watt Addison Phillips (1892–1981).

See also
Genus Uropeltis.

References

Further reading
de Silva A, Goonewardene S, Bauer A, Austin CC, Drake J, de Silva P (2005). "Notes on the snakes inhabiting the Knuckles massif with special reference to Uropeltis melanogaster (Gray, 1858) and Uropeltis phillipsi (Nicholls, 1929)". Lyriocephalus 6: 149–159.
Nicholls, Lucius (1929). "A new species of Earth Snake of the genus Silybura ". Spolia Zeylanica (Colombo) 15 (2): 153–155. (Silybura phillipsi, new species).
Smith, Malcolm A. (1943). The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes. London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (Uropeltis phillipsi, new combination, p. 87).

External links

phillipsi
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 1929
Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire

This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire. After 1780, all Lord Lieutenants were also Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire. The office was abolished on 31 March 1974, and replaced by the Lord Lieutenant of Dyfed.

Lord Lieutenants of Cardiganshire to 1974
see Lord Lieutenant of Wales before 1694
Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke 11 May 1694 – 2 October 1715
John Vaughan, 1st Viscount Lisburne 2 October 1715 – 1721
John Vaughan, 2nd Viscount Lisburne 26 July 1721 – 1741
vacant
Wilmot Vaughan, 3rd Viscount Lisburne 10 May 1744 – 27 July 1762
Wilmot Vaughan, 1st Earl of Lisburne 27 July 1762 – 1800
Thomas Johnes 4 July 1800 – 25 April 1816
William Edward Powell 22 November 1817 – 10 April 1854
Thomas Lloyd 16 September 1854 – 12 July 1857
Edward Pryse 14 September 1857 – 29 May 1888
Herbert Davies-Evans 16 July 1888 – 28 December 1923
Ernest Vaughan, 7th Earl of Lisburne 28 December 1923 – 9 May 1956
John Hext Lewes,  9 May 1956 – 31 March 1974

References
 

 The Lord-Lieutenants Order 1973 (1973/1754)

1974 disestablishments in Wales
History of Ceredigion
Cardiganshire
Dennis Gaubatz

Dennis Earl Gaubatz (born February 11, 1940) is a former American football player who played linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions and the Baltimore Colts. 

Gaubatz played college football at Louisiana State University and was selected in the eighth round (111th overall) of the 1963 NFL Draft by the Lions. He was traded to the Colts for running back Joe Don Looney and an undisclosed draft choice on June 3, 1965.

He intercepted ten passes and recovered six fumbles in his seven-year NFL career, and was part of the Colts' 1968 NFL Championship team.

Gaubatz was on the cover of Sports Illustrated in November 1965.

References

External links
 

1940 births
Living people
American football linebackers
LSU Tigers football players
Detroit Lions players
Baltimore Colts players
Damped wave (radio transmission)

A damped wave was an early method of radio transmission produced by the first radio transmitters (spark gap transmitters) which consisted of a series of damped radio waves.  Information was carried on this signal by telegraphy, turning the transmitter on and off (on-off keying) to send messages in Morse code. Damped waves were the first practical means of radio communication, used during the wireless telegraphy era which ended around 1920. In radio engineering it is now generally referred to as "Class B" emission.

Such transmissions have a wide bandwidth and generate electrical "noise" (electromagnetic interference) which interferes with other radio transmissions. Because of their potential to cause interference and their resulting wasteful use of radio spectrum resources, there is an international prohibition against the use of class B damped wave radio emissions (except in the USA under Part 15: "§15.521   Technical requirements applicable to all UWB devices. (i) The prohibition in §2.201(f) and 15.5(d) of this chapter against Class B (damped wave) emissions does not apply to UWB devices operating under this subpart."), established by the International Telecommunication Union in 1938.
However the definition of "damped waves" in these regulations is unclear when applied to modern technology, and recently there have been moves to amend this prohibition to exempt emerging radio technologies such as ultra-wideband transmission systems.

See also 
 Continuous wave
 Damping ratio
 On-off keying
 Amplitude modulation
 Types of radio emissions

References

External links 
 Sparks Telegraph Key Review A complete listing with photos of damped wave telegraph keys (spark keys) by manufacturer.
 47cfr2.201 FCC rules where "Type B damped wave emissions" are forbidden. 

Radio modulation modes
List of Olympic medalists from Michigan

The following is a list of Olympic medalists born in the state of Michigan, United States.

Olympic medalists
Michigan
Michigan
Sports in Michigan
Shamans (album)

Shamans is the seventh album by the Azeri jazz artist Aziza Mustafa Zadeh, released in 2002. In the liner notes, Zadeh left a comment about each song. The artwork contains a number of paintings by her. Around 2,000,000 copies of this album were sold worldwide.

Track listing
 "Holiday Blessings" – 4:30
Life is the greatest gift of God
 "Ladies Of Azerbaijan" – 5:00
...are gentle but proud
 "UV" (Unutma Vijdani) – 5:48
About conscience
 "Sweet Sadness" – 4:59
For loving hearts
 "M25" – 2:58
...is the largest car park in the world
 "Ayrilik" – 4:56
Dedicated to the memory of the beautiful Turkish singer, Zeki Müren
 "Fire Worship" – 4:34
Fire as the symbol of life
 "Shamans" – 9:10
...are very special people, gifted by God... they can see who you are, and heal you in many ways
 "Strange Mood" – 5:26
Dedicated to the genius of Vagif Mustafa Zadeh
 "Uzun Ince Bir Yoldayim" – 4:13
My favourite Turkish song
 "Endless Power" – 3:43
...of Vagif's spirit that has tremendous influence on me
 "Melancholic Princess" – 4:20
Waiting for the prince of her life...
 "Bach-Zadeh" – 2:56
Bach is my first classical composer. As Vagif said, "great jazzman"
 "Portrait Of Chopin" – 5:36
My first romantic composer. Like my father, he was only thirty-nine when he died.

Notes
 "UV" lyrics inspired by Aliagha Vahid
 "Ayrilik" lyrics written by Hodjaty Nariman
 "Uzun Ince bir Yoldayim" is a Turkish folk music song written by Aşık Veysel
 "Bach-Zadeh" and "Portrait of Chopin" inspired by J.S. Bach and Chopin
 Cricket in "Shamans": Jo

2002 albums
Aziza Mustafa Zadeh albums