alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Ardglass Castle

Ardglass Castle (also known as The Newark) is situated in Ardglass, County Down, Northern Ireland. It was originally a row of 15th century warehouses by the harbour. Large sections of the original building can still be seen within the modern club house of Ardglass Golf Club. (Grid ref: 561 371)

History
The 15th century structures were converted into a castellated house at the end of the 18th century by Charles FitzGerald, the first and last Baron Lecale. The castle was also lived in by his mother, Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster, and her second husband, William Ogilvie, who had been tutor to her son, Lord Edward FitzGerald. Ogilvie subsequently worked to develop Ardglass as a fashionable seaside resort and port. The old warehouses were given battlements, regular windows and the interior was decorated with plasterwork of the period. It was eventually inherited by William Ogilvie's daughter by a former marriage, who was the wife of Charles Beauclerk, a great grandson of Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans. In the later 19th century there was further work on the windows and a porch added to one front. The castle became the premises of Ardglass Golf Club in 1911.

Features
The block of warehouses was built to provide 13 spaces behind the quay, guarded by towers at each end, and which it is assumed could be let out to resident or visiting merchants.

The Dublin Penny Journal of 30 March 1833 describes Ardglass Castle as follows:

See also 
Castles in Northern Ireland

References

External links
Royal Irish Academy - Three Medieval Buildings in the Port of Ardglass, Co. Down By T.E. McNeill, published 15 April 2005

Castles in County Down
Ardglass
Grade B1 listed buildings
Houses completed in the 15th century
Failure (King Missile album)

Failure is the seventh studio album by avant-garde band King Missile, released on  September 15, 1998, by Shimmy Disc.

Reception

Tom Schulte of AllMusic awarded Failure three out of five stars, calling its music "repulsively absurd, detailed personal attacks of venomous cynicism" that "may be as strongly worded as Jonathan Swift (read A Modest Proposal) and exaggerated as Voltaire (compare Pangloss' philosophy to track one)." Ink 19 commended the band's return to Shimmy Disc and the band's individual performances. However, Lollipop Magazine's Scott Hefflon wrote that "while subtly clever at times, Failure provides no instant gratification such as 'Detachable Penis' [and] 'Jesus Was Way Cool,'" and "certainly has its moments, but the musical noodling is distracting and there're only a few "must-have" tracks here."

Track listing

Personnel
Adapted from the Failure liner notes.

King Missile
 Bradford Reed – pencilina, piano, organ, synthesizer, drums, percussion, backing vocals, engineering, photography
 Charles Curtis – cello, guitar, backing vocals
 Sasha Forte – violin, viola, bass guitar, backing vocals, production
 John S. Hall – lead vocals, backing vocals, production

Additional performers
 Jane Scarpantoni – cello, synthesizer

Production and design
 David Bias – art direction
 Mark Kramer – production
 Sasha Forte – production
 Nancy Hall – photography
 Sascha von Oertzen – assistant engineering
 Yuriko Tada – cover art, liner notes

Release history

References

External links 
 
 Failure at Discogs (list of releases)
 Failure at iTunes

King Missile albums
1998 albums
Shimmy Disc albums
Albums produced by Kramer (musician)
They (album)

They is the second studio album by  King Missile (Dog Fly Religion), released in 1988 by Shimmy Disc.

Reception

Tim DiGravina of AllMusic called They "remarkably accomplished" and "filled with potent, dark humor, but its gentle spirit and artistic puns make for a compelling listen." Trouser Press wrote that "Hall's black humor meshes nicely with Dogbowl's more romantic inclinations."

Track listing

Personnel
Adapted from the They liner notes.

King Missile
 Charles Curtis – cello
 Steve Dansiger – drums, percussion
 John S. Hall – lead vocals
 Stephen Tunney (as Dogbowl) – guitar, backing vocals

Additional performers
 Alex DeLaszlo – saxophone ("Double Fucked by 2 Black Studs")
 R.B. Korbet – drums ("Double Fucked by 2 Black Studs")
 Mark Kramer – slide guitar, production, engineering
 David Licht – additional percussion

Production and design
 Macioce – cover art, photography

Release history

References

External links 
 
 
 They at iTunes

King Missile albums
1988 albums
Shimmy Disc albums
Albums produced by Kramer (musician)
United Independent Front

The United Independent Front (UIF) was a political party in South Africa.  It broke away from the United Democratic Movement (UDM). Until his death in 2006, it was led by Malizole Diko. He and Nomakhaya Mdaka were the sole members of parliament and left the UDM on 15 September 2005 during the floor crossing period.

The party failed to win any seats in the 2009 general election and have since failed to renew their registration with the Independent Electoral Commission.

Election results

References

External links
United Independent Front Official Site

Defunct political parties in South Africa
Political parties with year of disestablishment missing
Political parties with year of establishment missing
Emmy Bezzina

Emanuel  "Emmy" Bezzina (born October 29, 1947, to Joseph Bezzina and Joan née Caruana) is the co-founder and chairman of the fringe Maltese political party Alpha Liberal Democratic Party. He is also a broadcaster and has regular weekly TV programmes in which he discusses law and social problems on Smash Television.

Emmy Bezzina contested the first European Parliament elections held in Malta in June, 2004, obtaining 717 first-count votes. (0.3%).

Emmy Bezzina is also a well known lawyer, best known for being the lawyer of controversial politician Norman Lowell, the leader of the Imperium Europa party.

External links
 Official Website

1947 births
Living people
Leaders of political parties in Malta
21st-century Maltese politicians
2005 FIFA World Youth Championship

The 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship was the 15th edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship. It took place in the Netherlands between 10 June and 2 July 2005.

Venues

Qualification 
The following 24 teams qualified for the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship. Host country the Netherlands did not have to qualify for the tournament.

1.Teams that made their debut.

Sponsorship 
FIFA partners

 Adidas
 Coca-Cola
 Toshiba
 Fujifilm
 MasterCard
 McDonald's
 T-Mobile
 Yahoo
 Hyundai
 Philips
 Avaya

National supporters

 Hubo
 Unive
 FIFA.com
 FIFA Fair Play

Match officials

Squads 
For a list of all squads that played in the final tournament, see 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship squads.

Group stages 
The 24 teams were split into six groups of four teams. Six group winners, six second-place finishers and the four best third-place finishers qualify for the knockout round.

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

Group F

Ranking of third-placed teams

Knockout stages

Bracket

Round of 16

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Third place play-off

Final

Winners

Goalscorers 

6 goals
  Lionel Messi

5 goals

  Fernando Llorente
  Oleksandr Aliev

4 goals

  Graziano Pellè
  David Silva

3 goals

  Pablo Zabaleta
  Chen Tao
  Mouhcine Iajour
  Chinedu Ogbuke

2 goals

  Rafinha
  Renato
  José Pedro Fuenzalida
  Ricardo Parada
  Radamel Falcao
  Fredy Guarín
  Nicky Adler
  Marvin Matip
  Daniele Galloppa
  Tarik Bendamou
  Ryan Babel
  Hedwiges Maduro
  Taye Taiwo
  Juanfran
  Miquel Robusté
  Gokhan Gulec
  Sezer Öztürk

1 goal

  Julio Barroso
  Neri Cardozo
  Gustavo Oberman
  Ryan Townsend
  Nick Ward
  Abou Maiga
  Razak Omotoyossi
  Diego Tardelli
  Edcarlos
  Gladstone
  Fábio Santos
  Rafael Sobis
  Marcel de Jong
  Jaime Peters
  Matías Fernández
  Gonzalo Jara
  Pedro Morales
  Cui Peng
  Hao Junmin
  Gao Lin
  Lu Lin
  Tan Wangsong
  Zhao Xuri
  Zhou Haibin
  Zhu Ting
  Harrison Otálvaro
  Wason Rentería
  Hugo Rodallega
  Christian Gentner
  Alexander Huber
  Michele Canini
  Andrea Coda
  Raffaele De Martino
  Sota Hirayama
  Shunsuke Maeda
  Koki Mizuno
  Abdessalam Benjelloun
  Adil Chihi
  Reda Doulyazal
  Nabil El Zhar
  Quincy Owusu-Abeyie
  Ibrahim Afellay
  Urby Emanuelson
  Collins John
  Rick Kruys
  Ron Vlaar
  David Abwo
  Olubayo Adefemi
  Isaac Promise
  Mikel John Obi
  John Owoeri
  Jose Venegas
  Baek Ji-hoon
  Park Chu-young
  Shin Young-rok
  Jonathan Soriano
  Francisco Molinero
  Víctor
  Alberto Zapater
  Goran Antić
  Johan Vonlanthen
  Majed Al Haj
  Mohamad Al Hamawi
  Abdelrazaq Al Hussain
  Maxym Feschuk
  Dmytro Vorobei
  Chad Barrett
  Hunter Freeman
  Jacob Peterson

Awards

Final ranking

External links 
 FIFA World Youth Championship Netherlands 2005 , FIFA.com
 RSSSF > FIFA World Youth Championship > 2005
 FIFA Technical Report

Fifa World Youth Championship, 2005
FIFA
FIFA World Youth Championship
International association football competitions hosted by the Netherlands
2004–05 in Dutch football
FIFA World Youth Championship
FIFA World Youth Championship
Girne District

Girne District () is one of six districts of Northern Cyprus. It is divided between two sub-districts: Girne Sub-district and the Çamlıbel Sub-district. Its capital is Kyrenia, also known by its Turkish name, as Girne. Its population was  73,577 in the 2011 census. Its Governor is Mehmet Envergil. It has the same boundaries as the Kyrenia District of Cyprus, a distinct political entity and local government-in-exile which claims the same territory. Girne District is the only district of the Cyprus that is fully taken by Northern Cyprus.

See also
 Districts of Cyprus
Districts of Northern Cyprus
 Kyrenia District, the Cyprus political unit which claims the same physical territory

References

 
Districts of Northern Cyprus
C. C. Wilcock

Christopher C. Wilcock (born 1946) is a taxonomist specialising in the carnivorous pitcher plant genus Nepenthes.

Together with J. H. Adam, Wilcock has described several Nepenthes taxa, including the species N. faizaliana and N. mapuluensis, as well as the natural hybrids N. × alisaputrana and N. × sarawakiensis.

References 

British taxonomists
1946 births
Living people
21st-century American botanists
Physical effect

Physical effect may refer to:
 Physical effect or phenomenon, any thing which manifests itself
 Physical effect, a consequence of causality (physics)
 Physical effect, a therapeutic effect or adverse effect of medical treatment on the body
 Physical effect or practical effect, a special effect achieved during filming rather than in post-production

See also
List of effects
Midnight ramble

A midnight ramble was a segregation-era midnight showing of films for an African American audience, often in a cinema where, under Jim Crow laws they would never have been admitted at other times. The films shown were often from among the over 500 films that were made between 1910 and 1950 in the United States with black producers, writers, actors and directors. Film archivist Pearl Bowser said these films "were important to Black audiences because it provided them with images of themselves that they didn't see in the regular cinema".

Oscar Micheauxs films were popular, and they starred all Black casts and were produced by Black filmmakers. He was the first director to make feature length films, many of which explored subjects that were considered "taboo" at the time, like; alcoholism, crime, class conflict, interracial relationships, racism and lynchings.

See also
Oscar Micheaux's filmography
Race films

Notes

African-American cinema
Film and video terminology
Race films
Film genres particular to the United States
Java Research License

The Java Research License (JRL) is a software distribution license created by Sun in an effort to simplify and relax the terms from the "research section" of the Sun Community Source License.  Sun's J2SE 1.6.0, Mustang, is licensed under the JRL as well as many projects at Java.net.

The JRL was introduced in 2003 to try to "make things a lot more friendly to people doing academic research" into the Java language, before the core of Java was made open source in 2006.

Although the JRL has elements of an open source license, the terms forbid any commercial use and are thus incompatible with both the Free Software Definition and the Open Source Definition. The JRL is a research license to be used for non-commercial academic uses.

See also 
 Sun Microsystems
 OpenJDK

References

External links
 (archived)

Software licenses
Sun Microsystems
Pindos Pony

The Pindos () is breed of pony or small horse native to the Pindus mountain range in Thessaly and Epirus in Greece. It is also present in mountainous parts of Thrace and Macedonia. There is a feral herd near Neochori, Karditsa, close to Lake Plastiras.

The Pindos is hardy and frugal, with good stamina, and is used for riding, driving, and as a pack and draught animal for forestry and farming. The hooves are boxy and narrow but strong, so shoeing is not often needed. It is smaller and shorter than the Thessalian, with an average height at the withers of about .

In 2002 the recorded population consisted of 464 breeding mares and 81 stallions.

See also 
 List of horse breeds
 Axios horse

References

Further reading 

Pindos
Horse breeds originating in Greece
Cirque de Gavarnie



The Cirque de Gavarnie () is a cirque in the central Pyrenees, in Southwestern France, close to the border of Spain. It is within the commune of Gavarnie, the department of Hautes-Pyrénées, and the Pyrénées National Park. Major features of the cirque are La Brèche de Roland (English: Roland's Pass) and the Gavarnie Falls. It was described by Victor Hugo as "the Colosseum of nature" due to its enormous size and horseshoe shape resembling an ancient amphitheatre. The cirque was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997 as part of the Pyrénées – Mont Perdu World Heritage Site.

The cirque is 800 m wide (on the deepest point) and about 3,000 m wide at the top. The rock walls that surround it are up to  above the floor of the Cirque.

During the warmer seasons of spring, summer and fall, there are a number of large meltwater falls that spill into the cirque. The largest of these is Gavarnie Falls, the second-highest waterfall in Europe. It descends some  over a series of steps before reaching the floor of the cirque.

There are also several passes and clefts between the peaks that form the rim of the Cirque. The largest is La Brèche de Roland, at  above sea level. According to legend, its sheer walls were cut into the mountain by the sword of the hero Roland, nephew to Charlemagne.

The cirque, and many others like it in the Pyrenees, was formed by the process of glacial erosion. The Cirque de Gavarnie's uniquely immense size was likely caused by repeated cycles of glacial scraping over millions of years.

A number of rare plants and animals live on the peaks at the upper rim of the Cirque de Gavarnie, protected on both the French and the Spanish sides by national parks. Martagon lilies grow in the pine forests. Saxifraga and other tiny alpine flowers cling to the rock faces. Chamois, a type of mammal similar to goats or antelope, live among the crags.

Panoramas

See also

 Cirque d'Estaubé
 Pic de Marboré

References

External links

Natura 2000 map
Gavarnie panoramas 

Landforms of Hautes-Pyrénées
Pyrenees
Gavarnie
Crossed Out

Crossed Out was a powerviolence band from Encinitas, California. The band was active from early 1990 until late 1993. The group is considered to be a very important band that helped define powerviolence with a style that incorporated political lyrics, blast beats, and quick tempos. They have been named as the "dark lords of powerviolence" by Beau Beasley of Insect Warfare.

History
Crossed Out played sixteen shows and released a demo, 7-inch, split 7-inch with Man Is the Bastard, split 5" with Dropdead, and two songs for the Son of Blleeaauurrggh compilation. Many bands, such as The Locust, Dropdead, Su19b, Slices, and Iron Lung, have covered songs originally performed by Crossed Out.

In 1991, Spazz bassist and vocalist Chris Dodge, who also ran Slap-a-Ham Records, asked the band to send him a demo. Five months after that recording, in the fall of 1991, their seven song self-titled 7-inch was released, including a firing squad cover photo. In 1992, the band recorded a live radio show on KSPC, a split 5" with Dropdead, a contribution to Slap-a-ham's Son of Blleeaauurrggh compilation 7-inch, and a split 7-inch with Man is the Bastard. By 1993, Crossed Out, along with Man is the Bastard, No Comment and Capitalist Casualties, played 924 Gilman Street's first power violence-only show, the Fiesta Grande. After the departure of original bassist Rich Hart, Eric Wood - bassist and vocalist of Man is the Bastard - volunteered to play bass; he remained with the group until their break up. The summer that followed, Dropdead toured the U.S with the release of their split 5", playing two shows with Crossed Out. An August 1993 show with Spazz, Anal Cunt, and Dropdead, titled "Grindcore Night", on a flyer at Gilman St., led to the vocalist's comment "Fuck grindcore". "Fuck Grindcore" later became a bootleg 10-inch of their self-titled record. The group broke up in late 1993.

Members
Tad Miller – drums (1990-1993)
Scot Golia – guitars (1990-1993)
Rich Hart – bass (1990-1993)
Eric Wood – bass (1993)
Dallas Van Kempen – vocals (1990-1993)

Discography
EPs
Demo '91 (1991, Self-released)
Crossed Out 7-inch EP (1992, Slap-A-Ham)
Crossed Out/Dropdead split 5" with Dropdead (1992, Crust/Selfless/Rhetoric)
Crossed Out/Man Is the Bastard split 7-inch with Man Is the Bastard (1993, Slap-A-Ham)

Compilation Albums
1990-1993 discography CD/LP (1999, Slap-A-Ham)

Compilation Appearances
Son of Blleeaauurrggh 7-inch (1993, Slap-A-Ham)

Unofficial Albums
Live 10-inch (1996, Noize For The Masses Records)
Fuck Grindcore 10-inch (1998)

References 

Hardcore punk groups from California
Powerviolence groups
Josef Wagner

Josef Wagner may refer to:

 Josef Wagner (composer) (1856–1908), Austrian composer
 Josef Wagner (cyclist) (1916–2003), Swiss cyclist
 Josef Wagner (Gauleiter) (1899–1945), Nazi official in the Third Reich
 Josef Wagner the Younger (1901–1957), Czech painter and sculptor
 Josef Wagner (painter) (born 1938), Czech painter and graphic artist
 Josef Wagner (water polo) (1886-?), Austrian Olympic water polo player

See also
 Joseph Wagner (disambiguation)
I Crush Bozo

I Crush Bozo is an album by the band Happy Flowers, released in 1988.

Track listing
"Get Me off the Broiler Pan" - 2:54
"I'm the Stupid One" - 2:29
"More Mittens" - 1:22
"Old Relatives" - 2:22
"Get Paul's Head" - 1:34
"Why Don't I Bleed" - 2:09
"Fever Dream" - 2:44
"They Cleaned My Cut Out With a Wire Brush" - 3:55
"I've Got the Picnic Disease" - 3:45
"Jellyfish Head" - 2:22
"There's a Worm in My Hand" - 2:31
"Know" - 0:49
"Toenail Fear" - 2:22
"Mrs. Butcher" - 2:51
"My Frisbee Went Under a Lawnmower" - 2:47
"I Saw My Picture on a Milk Carton" - 2:30

Personnel
John Beers ("Horribly Charred Infant") - vocals, guitars, drums, piano on track 13
Charlie Kramer ("Mr. Anus") - guitar, bass, drums, vocals, Casio keyboards on track 14

References

Happy Flowers albums
1988 albums
Janice Kulyk Keefer

Janice Kulyk Keefer (born 2 June 1952) is a Canadian novelist and poet. Of Ukrainian heritage, Kulyk Keefer often writes about the experiences of first-generation Canadian children of immigrants.

Biography

She was born as Janice Kulyk on 2 June 1952 in Toronto, Ontario. She studied English literature at the University of Toronto, graduating with a BA. She then studied at the University of Sussex, where she received an MPhil and D.Phil. Following this, Keefer became an assistant professor of English studies at Université Sainte-Anne in Pointe-de-l'Église, Nova Scotia. She is a specialist in Modernist literature. In her literary work on Ukrainian-Canadian identity, she "rejects simplified notions of multiculturalism" in preference to a Ukrainian transnational identity. , she is a professor of literature and theatre in the graduate studies department at the University of Guelph in Guelph, Ontario.

Her sister is the Canadian artist, Karen Kulyk and her son is the Decouple Podcast host Dr. Chris Keefer.

Awards and honours
1987 Governor General's Awards, nominated, Under Eastern Eyes
1988 Books in Canada First Novel Award, nominated, Constellations
1996 Governor General's Awards, nominated, The Green Library
1999 Marian Engel Award, lifetime achievement 
2006 Greifswald Canadian Studies Fellow in Residence, University of Greifswald, Germany
2008 Kobzar Literary Award, The Ladies Lending Library

Bibliography
 White of the Lesser Angels (1986)
 The Paris-Napoli Express (1986)
 Transfigurations (1987)
 Under Eastern Eyes: A Critical Reading of Maritime Fiction
 Constellations 
 Reading Mavis Gallant (1989)
 Travelling Ladies (1992)
 Rest Harrow (1992)
 The Green Library 
 Marrying the Sea (1998)
 Kyiv, of Two Lands: New Visions (1998, anthology co-edited with Solemea Pavlychko)
 Honey and Ashes: A Story of Family (1998)
 The Waste Zone (2002)
 Thieves (2004) 
 The Ladies' Lending Library (2007)
 Foreign Relations (2010)

References

Further reading

External links
 Interview, online from CBC Words at Large
 Janice Kulyk Keeper at writerscafe.ca
 The author at English-Canadian Writers, Athabasca University, by Deborah Saidero, University of Udine, 2016

1952 births
20th-century Canadian novelists
20th-century Canadian poets
21st-century Canadian novelists
21st-century Canadian poets
Canadian women poets
Canadian women novelists
Canadian people of Ukrainian descent
Living people
Poets from Toronto
Novelists from Toronto
Academic staff of the University of Greifswald
Canadian women academics
German women academics
Academic staff of the University of Guelph
20th-century Canadian women writers
21st-century Canadian women writers
Benedictus Hubertus Danser

Benedictus Hubertus Danser (May 24, 1891, Schiedam – October 18, 1943, Groningen), often abbreviated B. H. Danser, was a Dutch taxonomist and botanist. Danser specialised in the plant families Loranthaceae, Nepenthaceae, and Polygonaceae.

In 1928, Danser published an exhaustive revision of the genus Nepenthes, recognising 65 species in "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies". While nowadays more than 140 species of Nepenthes are known, Danser's work is still referenced by specialists in the field.

Danser died in Groningen on October 18, 1943. The genus Dansera (Fabaceae) and the species Nepenthes danseri (Nepenthaceae), Rumex danseri (Polygonaceae) and Taxillus danseriana (Loranthaceae) are named after him.

See also
:Category:Taxa named by Benedictus Hubertus Danser

References 

 Jansen, P. & W.H. Wachter 1943. In memoriam Benedictus Hubertus Danser. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief 53: 129–132, 133–136.

1891 births
1943 deaths
20th-century Dutch botanists
Dutch taxonomists
People from Schiedam
John Barnes (Australian politician)

John Barnes (17 July 1868 – 31 January 1938) was a union official and Australian federal politician representing the Labor Party.

Early life
Barnes was born at Hamilton, South Australia, the son of John Thomas Barnes, a drover who had emigrated from Somerset, England, and his wife, Mary, née Comerford, from County Clare, Ireland. Barnes was educated at a local primary school but left to obtain work as a farm labourer, shearer, miner and general bush worker; his father had died when the boy was six. In his swag he carried copies of works by Henry George, Robert Blatchford, Henry Lawson and other writers on economic and social questions and he thus became largely self-educated.

Career
Barnes was an early member of the Shearers' Union, (later named the Australian Workers' Union), became General Secretary in 1908 and afterwards President. He was Secretary of the Victoria-Riverina branch for a period, and held that position when he was elected a federal Senator for Victoria in 1913. He was defeated at the 1919 general election but was again elected in 1922 and in 1928. He was Assistant Minister for Works and Railways from 22 October 1929 to 3 March 1931 and then Vice-President of the Executive Council and Leader of the Government in the Senate until 6 January 1932. He was then Leader of the Opposition in the Senate until 30 June 1935. Though he held his seat until this date, he had been defeated at the general election held in 1934. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1937, his term due to begin on 1 July 1938.

Late life and legacy
Barnes, however was suffering from cancer and died in East Melbourne on 31 January 1938 as a senator-elect. He left a widow, one son and five daughters. He was given a state funeral, the procession travelling through the city, pausing at Trades Hall, and continuing to the Melbourne General Cemetery.

Barnes, at the time, was the most notorious practical joker in Australian federal politics. His sense of humour went along with earnestness and a belief in the cause of Labour. He was well regarded amongst colleagues and in union circles, where he was for many years a leader before entering politics.

References

1868 births
1938 deaths
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate for Victoria
Members of the Australian Senate
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Australian trade union leaders
20th-century Australian politicians
Bill Brundige

William Glenn Brundige (November 13, 1948 – December 29, 2018) was an American football defensive end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins for eight seasons, from 1970 through 1977.  He is currently sixth on the Redskins all-time sack list.

Born in Holyoke, Colorado, Brundige played high school football at tiny Haxtun in northeastern Colorado and then played college football at the University of Colorado in Boulder. He was a physics major at CU and also threw the shot put for the Colorado Buffaloes track and field team. After a senior season in 1969 in which he was named first-team All-America, he was selected in the second round of the 1970 NFL Draft, 43rd overall, by head coach Vince Lombardi of the Redskins.

At age 21, he was a starter as a rookie in 1970 at defensive tackle. At the end of his third season in the NFL, Brundige became a part of both Redskin and Super Bowl lore in Super Bowl VII. He blocked the field goal attempt by Garo Yepremian that led to the bizarre fumble-return touchdown by Mike Bass that cut the Miami Dolphins' lead to 14–7 with just over two minutes remaining.

In 2002 for the Redskins' 70th anniversary, Brundige was named a member of the 70 Greatest Redskins.

After his playing days, Brundige was a general manager of Ford dealerships in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia in the city of  Winchester and town of Front Royal.

Brundige died at his home in Knoxville, Tennessee on December 29, 2018, from cancer.

References

External links
 

1948 births
2018 deaths
American football defensive linemen
American male shot putters
Colorado Buffaloes football players
Colorado Buffaloes men's track and field athletes
Washington Redskins players
People from Phillips County, Colorado
Players of American football from Colorado
Track and field athletes from Colorado
Deaths from cancer in Tennessee
Darktown Revue

Darktown Revue (1931) is an 18-minute American Pre-Code short film by Oscar Micheaux, his first short venture into sound film. The dances and ensembles were co-directed by Leonard Harper and the picture was shot along with their feature-length all-black talkie, The Exile. As in many early talkies, the camera-work is extremely static. The film included choral singing and several vaudeville acts, including the comedy duo of Tim Moore and Andrew Tribble doing a routine about a haunted house.

References

External links
 
 "The Exile", Film Captures, 

1931 films
1931 musical comedy films
African-American films
American musical comedy films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Oscar Micheaux
1931 short films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films
Oof (album)

Oof is an album by the punk rock band Happy Flowers. It was released in 1989.

Track listing
"Stop Touching My Food"
"Unhappy Meal"
"Pickin' Scabs"
"There's a Soft Spot on the Baby's Head"
"Finger in My Crackerjacks"
"Ain't Got Nothin'"
"I Said I Wanna Watch Cartoons"
"My Arm Won't Wake Up"
"My Evil Twin"
"I'm Gonna Have an Accident"
"Let's Eat the Baby (Like My Gerbils Did)"
"BB Gun"
"Let Me Out"
"I Don't Wanna Go to School"
"Mrs. Lennon"

Personnel
 John Beers ("Mr. Horribly Charred Infant") — vocals
 Charlie Kramer ("Mr. Anus") — guitar

References

Happy Flowers albums
1989 albums
Paulinerkirche

Paulinerkirche may refer to:
Paulinerkirche, Göttingen
Paulinerkirche, Leipzig
Gayla Reid

Gayla Reid (born 12 May 1945) is an Australian-born Canadian writer.

Biography
Born and raised in Armidale, New South Wales, Reid was educated at the University of New England, Australian National University and the University of British Columbia. Remaining in Canada, she was active in the country's feminist movement, editing the newspaper Kinesis and the literary journal Room of One's Own and teaching women's studies at Vancouver Community College.

She began publishing fiction in the early 1990s, winning the Journey Prize in 1993 for her short story "Sister Doyle's Men". In 1994, she published her first short story collection, To Be There With You, which was a winner of the Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize in 1995. All the Seas of the World and Closer Apart were finalists for the Ethel Wilson fiction prize in 2001 and 2002. Come from Afar was published to critical acclaim in 2011. According to jury citation, Gayla Reid stands out for her stunningly beautiful language and her ability to depict places such as Canada, Australia, Vietnam etc.  She also described a state of mind, an evocation of a particular character's relationship to land, people and time. Her fiction combines the poetry of language and observation with the force of highly-accomplished and compelling narrative.

Reid is represented by the Carolyn Swayze Literary Agency.

Awards
 1993, Journey Prize
 1995, Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize
 2005, Marian Engel Award

Selected bibliography
 To Be There With You. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre, 1994.
 All the Seas of the World. Toronto: Stoddart, 2001.  
 Closer Apart. Toronto: Stoddart, 2002. 
 Come from Afar. Toronto: Comorant, 2011.

References 

1945 births
People from Armidale
20th-century Australian novelists
20th-century Canadian novelists
21st-century Australian novelists
21st-century Canadian novelists
Australian feminist writers
Australian women novelists
Australian women short story writers
Canadian feminist writers
Canadian women novelists
Canadian women short story writers
Living people
University of New England (Australia) alumni
Australian National University alumni
University of British Columbia alumni
20th-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian short story writers
21st-century Canadian short story writers
21st-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Australian women
Magni

Magni is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:
 Arturo Magni (1925–2015), Italian engineer and entrepreneur
 Caterina Magni (born 1966), Italian-born French archaeologist and anthropologist
 Cesare Magni (14951534), Italian painter
 Claude Magni (born 1950), French cyclist
 Eva Magni (1909–2005), Italian stage and film actress
 Fabio Magni (born 1967), Italian equestrian
 Fiorenzo Magni (19202012), Italian bicycle racer
 Gabriele Magni (born 1973), Italian fencer
 Giovanni Battista Magni (1592–1674), also known as Il Modenino, Italian painter, active in Rome
 Giovanni Pietro Magni (1655 - 1722/1724), German stuccoist born in Switzerland
 Lodovico Magni (1618–1680), Roman Catholic prelate
 Luigi Magni (19282013), Italian screenwriter
 Nicholas Magni (13551435), Silesian theologian
 Oreste Magni (1936-1975), Italian racing cyclist
 Piero Magni (1898-1988), Italian aeronautical engineer
 Pietro Magni (disambiguation), various people
 Riccardo Magni (born 1976), Italian wrestler
 Secondo Magni (1912-1997), Italian racing cyclist

Given name:
 Magni Ásgeirsson (born 1978), Icelandic singer/musician and a contestant in the CBS show Rock Star: Supernova
 Magni Wentzel (born 1945), Norwegian jazz musician

Other uses:
Magni (comics), a Marvel Comics character
Móði and Magni, the sons of Thor and Jarnsaxa in Norse mythology

See also
 9670 Magni, an asteroid
 Magni Grenivík, an Icelandic football team
Magnicharters, an airline company based in Mexico City
 Magni Gyro, Italian manufacturer of autogyros:
 Magni M-14 Scout
 Magni M-16 Tandem Trainer
 Magni M-18 Spartan
 Magni M-24 Orion
 Magni Vale, an Italian civil monoplane
 Magni Vittoria,  Italian experimental, single seat, parasol wing aircraft
 Magnis (disambiguation)
Ƴ

Ƴ (minuscule: ƴ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from Y with the addition of a hook. It is used in some African languages, such as Fula and Hausa, to represent a palatalized glottal stop, .

The placement of the hook on the capital Ƴ

The original Unicode charts showed the hook on the left, while most use in Africa had it on the right, as reflected in the 1978 African reference alphabet. The Unicode usage apparently followed that shown in ISO 6438, but it is not clear where the latter got it. The form used in the code charts was later changed to show the hook on the right side.

Alternative representations

An alternative representation of the sound is y. This is used in the orthographies of Hausa and Fula in Nigeria, while ƴ is used in Niger for Hausa, and in most of West Africa for Fula. See also: Pan-Nigerian alphabet

In the orthography for languages of Guinea (pre-1985), yh was used instead of ƴ.

See also

Alphabets with this letter
African reference alphabet
Alphabets for the following specific languages:
Fula (see also Fula orthographies)
Hausa (only in Niger, not in Nigeria)

Notes

References
"African Reference Alphabet" (Niamey 1978)
"Latin Extended B: Range 0180-024F" (Unicode code chart)
"Variants for Hooktop Y (U+01B3 and U+01B4)" (SIL, NRSI)

Y
Marilou Awiakta

Marilou Awiakta (born January 24, 1936 in Knoxville, Tennessee) is an American writer known for her poetry and essays about her experiences growing up in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Biography and career 
Marilou Awiakta is the seventh generation of her family to grow up in Appalachia, mostly in East Tennessee. Since 1730, her family has lived in the mountainous area of the state. She writes that she is of Scotch-Irish, Appalachian, and Eastern Band Cherokee descent. She self-identifies as Eastern Cherokee, but Awiakta is not a citizen of the Eastern Cherokee Tribe.

Awiakta graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1958 receiving a B.A. magna cum laude, in both English and French.

Awards
Distinguished Tennessee Writer Award, 1989 
Appalachian Heritage Writer's Award, Shepherd College, 2000

Books
 Abiding Appalachia: Where Mountain and Atom Meet. Memphis: Saint Luke's Press, 1978. Rpt. Bell Buckle, TN: Iris Press, 1995. 71 pp. Rp. 2006 Pocahontas Press, 65 pp.
Rising Fawn and the Fire Mystery: A Child's Christmas in Memphis, 1833. Memphis: Saint Luke's Press, 1983.
Selu: Seeking the Corn-Mother's Wisdom. Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 1993. A blend of story, essay, and poetry.

Analysis
Awiakta's poetry is analysed at length in Our Fire Survives the Storm by Daniel Heath Justice (Cherokee Nation).

References

American people who self-identify as being of Cherokee descent
1936 births
Living people
Writers from Knoxville, Tennessee
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
20th-century American poets
21st-century American poets
American women poets
Poets from Tennessee
University of Tennessee alumni
American expatriates in France
Captopril challenge test



The captopril challenge test (CCT) is a non-invasive medical test that measures the change in renin plasma-levels in response to administration of captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used to assist in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis. It is not generally considered a useful test for children, and more suitable options are available for adult cases.

Procedure
Plasma concentration of renin is measured prior to and following the administration of captopril. The CCT is considered positive if the renin levels increase substantially or the baseline renin level is abnormally high. An abnormal captopril test is indicative of the presence of renovascular disease.

In adults
CCT in adults is known to have high sensitivity, but a low specificity.

Subtraction angiography is considered a more suitable test for renal artery stenosis in adults.

See also
 Captopril suppression test - used to diagnose primary aldosteronism

References

Blood tests
Dynamic endocrine function tests
David Kirk (scientist)

David Blair Kirk (born 1960) is a computer scientist and former chief scientist and vice president of architecture at NVIDIA. As of 2019, he is an independent consultant and advisor.

Kirk holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Computer Science from the California Institute of Technology. From 1989 to 1991, Kirk was an engineer for Apollo Systems Division of Hewlett-Packard. From 1993 to 1996, Kirk was Chief Scientist and Head of Technology for Crystal Dynamics, a video game manufacturing company. From 1997 to 2009 he was NVIDIA's chief scientist and he is an NVIDIA Fellow.

In 2002, Kirk received the ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Achievement Award for his significant contributions to bringing high performance graphics hardware to the mass market. In 2006, Kirk was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for his role in bringing high-performance graphics to personal computers. 

Kirk is the inventor of 50 patents and patent applications relating to graphics design and underlying graphics algorithms.

Books

References

External links
NVIDIA Corporate Biography

1960 births
Living people
Nvidia people
Computer graphics professionals
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Cy Perkins

Ralph Foster "Cy" Perkins (February 27, 1896 – October 2, 1963) was an American professional baseball player, coach and manager. He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball most notably for the Philadelphia Athletics. Perkins batted and threw right-handed, stood  tall and weighed . He was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts.

 Perkins served as a catcher with the Philadelphia Athletics (1915, 1917–30), New York Yankees (1931) and Detroit Tigers (1934). He was the starting catcher for Philadelphia until Mickey Cochrane joined the team in 1925. After that Perkins served as a backup, being hailed as the man who taught Cochrane to catch without injuring his hands. He also was a member of the Athletics' World Series champion teams in 1929 and 1930. 
 
In 17 MLB seasons and 1,171 games played, Perkins was a .259 hitter with 933 hits, 175 doubles, 35 triples, 30 home runs, and 409 runs batted in.
 
Following his playing career, Perkins coached for 17 years in the Major Leagues with the Yankees (1932–33), Tigers (1934–39) and Philadelphia Phillies (1946–54). He worked with two World Series champions, the Yankees of 1932 and the Tigers of 1935, and for two league pennant-winners, the  Tigers and the  Phillies. He also managed Detroit in 1937 (along with Cochrane and Del Baker) and posted a 6–9 record.
 
Cy Perkins died in Philadelphia at the age of 67, and was interred in Oak Grove Cemetery in his native Gloucester.

External links

Rogers, C. Paul III, Cy Perkins, Society for American Baseball Research Biography Project
The Deadball Era – obituary
 The Virtual Card Collection

1896 births
1963 deaths
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Atlanta Crackers players
Baseball coaches from Massachusetts
Detroit Tigers coaches
Detroit Tigers managers
Detroit Tigers players
Industriales de Monterrey players
Major League Baseball catchers
Minor league baseball managers
New York Yankees coaches
New York Yankees players
Philadelphia Athletics players
Philadelphia Phillies coaches
Raleigh Capitals players
Rojos del Águila de Veracruz players
Sportspeople from Gloucester, Massachusetts
Baseball players from Essex County, Massachusetts
PowerCD

Apple PowerCD is a  CD player sold by Apple Computer in 1993 and discontinued several years later. It was a re-badged Philips-designed product (Philips CDF-100) which was sold in addition to Apple's speakers and also included a remote control. The PowerCD was capable of reading Kodak photo CDs, data CDs and audio CDs. It can connect to Macintosh personal computers through SCSI and also to stereo systems and televisions.

History
With the success of the Apple Newton, in mid-1992 Apple Industrial Design Group created a division called Mac Like Things which was to focus on what they saw as a whole new market for Apple in consumer electronic devices. The PowerCD marked Apple's first stand-alone consumer-oriented product brought to market, which did not require a computer for use. It was analogous to Sony's Discman portable CD players of the time, however, unlike Sony's and most others, Apple's could also be used as computer peripheral as well. And while most desktop Macs at the time included built-in CD-ROMs, the PowerCD was designed to match the PowerBook series which would not include a built-in CD-ROM for several more years. Its ability to be operated under battery power alone made it not only a portable drive for computers, but gave it the added ability to be marketed as a stand-alone portable CD player. However, Mac Like Things was short-lived and by September 1992, it was folded into Apple's New Media Group having only brought to market the PowerCD and AppleDesign Powered Speakers series.

AppleDesign Powered Speakers

Along with the PowerCD, Apple released two versions of their desktop speakers: the AppleDesign Powered Speakers and the redesigned AppleDesign Powered Speakers II a year later. The original speakers came in Platinum gray to match Apple's desktop line, while the second generation were curvier and also came in a darker gray color designed to match the PowerBook line and PowerCD. Both were powered with an AC adapter and could be attached to any audio output source, with two separate inputs for the computer and an external CD player. Both had a headphone jack in the front of one speaker along with the volume control and an optional subwoofer connection port on some models.

Timeline of Apple products

See also
iPod
Apple QuickTake
Apple Interactive Television Box
Apple Pippin

References

External links
Mac Guides
popcorn.cx - Apple PowerCD & AppleDesign Powered Speakers
Apple PowerCD 
Apple/PHILIPS CDP/PowerCD 

Apple Inc. hardware
Apple Inc. peripherals
Compact disc
Computer-related introductions in 1993
Plesse Castle

Plesse Castle is situated to the north of Göttingen in Germany, close to the village of Bovenden.

History 
The castle was transferred in 1015 from the private estate of Meinwerk, bishop of Paderborn to the city of Paderborn. Since 1150 it is the seat of the noble lords of Plesse, who named themselves for the castle. Holy Roman emperor Henry VI traded Plesse Castle in 1192 for Desenberg Castle close to Warburg in Westphalia, but the trade was already reverted in 1195. In 1447 the lords of Plesse transferred their possession of Plesse Castle to the Landgrave Ludwig of Hesse and in return received it as a fiefdom. The explanation for it lies in the fragmentation of the dukedom of Brunswick-Göttingen. The leading noble families could not avoid being drawn into the ensuing conflicts. They therefore sought protection from a powerful liege lord. They found this protection and backup with another ruler, who was Ludwig of Hesse.

In 1536 the protestant reformation was introduced to the dominion of Plesse, which also comprised the surrounding villages. The house of Plesse became extinct with the death of  Dietrich IV of Plesse in 1571. Landgrave William IV of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) then took possession of the dominion of Plesse, as this was his right as liege lord. Moritz of Hesse-Kassel converted the people of the Plesse dominion to the reformed creed in 1614. Between 1623 and 1624 he and his family took refuge in the castle various times. After a siege in 1627 during the Thirty Years' War the castle and the dominion of Plesse were ceded temporarily to the landgrave George II of Hesse-Darmstadt. In 1660 the castle was abandoned finally and afterwards served as a quarry for the residents of the surrounding villages.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited the castle in 1801. Prior to French occupation in 1807, the dominion became the Canton Bovenden in the Kingdom of Westphalia. After the collapse of Westphalia in 1813 the now Electorate of Hesse-Kassel retook control of the dominion of Plesse. In a barter between Prussia, the Kingdom of Hanover and the Electorate of Hesse-Kassel the dominion of Plesse became part of Hanover on May 1, 1817. Starting in 1821 first attempts to restore parts of the castle were undertaken, and between 1853 and 1864, on initiative of the ruling family of Hanover, it came to a complete restoration of the castle. The earlier affiliation of Plesse to Hesse can still be seen even today. The villages of the former dominion of Plesse still belong not to the Evangelical Lutheran State Church of Hanover, but belong to the Evangelical Reformed Church.

External links 

 The Plesse archive of the Bovenden village (German)
 Information on the village of Bovenden

Castles in Lower Saxony
Göttingen
Buildings and structures in Göttingen (district)
La Imperial

La Imperial may refer to:

 La Imperial, Chile or Antigua [Old] Imperial, a city and former bishopric
 Nueva Imperial, a city 20km from Antigua Imperial
Dominic O'Brien

Dominic O'Brien (10 August 1957) is a British mnemonist and an author of memory-related books. He is the eight time World Memory Champion and works as a trainer for Peak Performance Training.

He began developing his mnemonic techniques in 1987 when he saw Creighton Carvello memorise a pack of 52 playing cards in less than three minutes on the BBC television programme Record Breakers. To memorise numbers, O'Brien developed the mnemonic Dominic system, which is similar to the Major System. He has written books about memorisation techniques such as How to Develop a Perfect Memory, Quantum Memory Power, Learn to Remember, How to Pass Exams, The Winning Hand, and The Amazing Memory Box.

He gives lectures, and has been seen on television programmes such as The Human Body.

Dominic O'Brien had an entry in the Guinness Book of Records for his 1 May 2002 feat of committing to memory a random sequence of 2808 playing cards (54 packs) after looking at each card only once. He was able to correctly recite their order, making only eight errors, four of which he immediately corrected when told he was wrong.

Bibliography
 How to Develop a Perfect Memory (1993) 
 How to Pass Exams (6 April 1995) 
 Super Memory Power (Books 1–4) (1997)
 Learn to Remember (2000) 
 Quantum Memory Power (Jan 2001) 
 The Amazing Memory Box (27 September 2001) 
 Never Forget a Number or a Date (July 2002) 
 Never Forget a Name or Face (Sep 2002) 
 Never Forget a Speech (21 August 2003) 
 Never Forget Facts and Figures (21 August 2003) 
 The Amazing Memory Kit (13 October 2005) 
 How to Develop a Brilliant Memory Week by Week (Nov 2005) 
 How to Improve Your Memory (16 February 2010)
 You Can Have an Amazing Memory (May 2011) 
 The Brilliant Memory Tool Kit (5 June 2012)

References

External links
 Dominic System App
 Dominic System
 Appearance on Wetten, dass..? in 1989

Living people
1957 births
British mnemonists