alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Summit, Kentucky

Summit is an unincorporated community in Boyd County, Kentucky, United States on US 60 just west of Ashland. Summit serves as a suburb to the city of Ashland and shares the city's ZIP code. Summit is sometimes spelled with two "T's" at the end, although the most common spelling contains only one "T" but either variation is accepted as correct.

Summit is a part of the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 288,649. The Summit name was first applied to a 19th-century railroad passenger and freight station located at the site. Summit was selected as descriptive of the location's unique topographical features including a flat terrain on a higher elevation than other parts of the surrounding area.  Unusual for the region, this terrain was created by the ancient Teay's River and the associated Glacial Lake Tight. The Lexington, Elizabethtown, and Big Sandy Railroad opened a station here in the late 19th century after the railroad was constructed through Summit. It served the residents of what was then a sparsely populated farming community until the station was closed due to its close proximity to Ashland made it no longer necessary.  Now a populated suburban area, Summit's development was slow until the Federal Correctional Institution was located at the heart of Summit on Kentucky Route 716.  This and the upgrading of U.S. Route 60,  made transportation easier for residents to commute to and from Ashland.

Government and infrastructure

The Federal Bureau of Prisons operates the Federal Correctional Institution, Ashland in Summit,  southwest of Ashland. There is also an adjacent federal prison camp, which in 2006 was listed as one of the best places to go to prison by Forbes magazine.

Kentucky State Police Post 14 is located on U.S. 60 in Summit, next to Armco Park. In addition to Boyd County, troopers from Post 14 serve Carter, Greenup and Lawrence Counties.

The United States Postal Service operates the Summitt Post Office.

Education
Two Boyd County public schools, Summit Elementary and Boyd County Middle School are located in Summit. Both are a part of the Boyd County Public School District.

Points of interest
Armco Park - A community recreational park. The Boyd County War Memorial and John CC Mayo Amphitheatre are located within the park.
Ashland Boyd County Dog Park. Established in 2003, it is designed to create a safe, attractive area where dogs can run and play off-leash under the supervision of their owners.

References

External links

Boyd County Public Schools
Chamber of Commerce

Unincorporated communities in Boyd County, Kentucky
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
Marco Frascari

Marco Frascari (1945 – June 2, 2013) was an Italian architect and architectural theorist. He was born in Mantua, in northern Italy, in 1945. He studied with Carlo Scarpa and Arrigo Rudi at Università Iuav di Venezia and received his PhD in Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania. He taught for several years at the University of Pennsylvania, then as Visiting Professor at Columbia and Harvard. He served as G. Truman Ward Professor of Architecture at Virginia Tech from 1998 to 2005. In 2005, he became director of the David Azrieli School of Architecture and Urbanism at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.   Marco Frascari died in Ottawa on June 2, 2013 after a protracted illness.

Publications
 Eleven Exercises in the Art of Architectural Drawing: Slow Food for the Architect's Imagination (2011) Routledge
 Monsters of Architecture (1991)download .pdf
 "The Tell-the-Tale-Detail" (1981)
 "Una Pillola per sognare ... una casa" (1996)
 "Due Anni di Esperienze dello Studio Estivo dell' Universita della Pennsylvania In Mantova" (1994)
 "Architects, never eat your maccheroni without a proper sauce! A macaronic meditation on the anti-Cartesian nature of architectural imagination" Nordic Journal of Architectural Research
 "Foreword to Alfonso Corona-Martinez' The Architectural Project,2002
 "A tradition of architectural figures: a search for Vita Beata" in Body and Building: Essays on the Changing Relation of Body and Architecture. George Dodds and Robert Tavernor, eds. 2002.

References

External links
Collection at Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania
Alumni profile - Pennsylvania State University
World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition entry
Architectural Maccheroni Article
The Well Temperate Drawings of a reflective Architect Article
"Architectural Synestesia: a hypothesis on the makeup of Scarpa's modernist architectural drawings" Article
"A Light, Six-Sided, Pari Site
 Canadian Cosmopoiesis: Meditations on Cuisine and Architecture
Marco Frascari's Zibaldone

1945 births
2013 deaths
Italian architecture writers
Italian male non-fiction writers
Academic staff of Carleton University
Virginia Tech faculty
University of Pennsylvania School of Design alumni
Harvard University staff
Council of Ministers (Portugal)

The Council of Ministers (, ) is a collegial executive body within the Government of Portugal. It is presided over by the Prime Minister, but the President of Portugal can take on this role at the Prime Minister's request. All senior ministers are members of the Council of Ministers, and when the prime minister finds it applicable, state secretaries can also attend its meetings.

Functions 

The Council of Ministers discusses and approves bills to be submitted to the Assembly of the Republic and decrees and resolutions.

Current Council of Ministers

As of 4 January 2023, the Council of Ministers consists of the following:

The Secretary of State for European Affairs (Tiago Antunes) and the Secretary of State for the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (André Moz Caldas) also attend the meetings of the Council of Ministers, but without voting rights.

Presidency of the Council of Ministers 

The Presidency of the Council of Ministers is the central department of the Government of Portugal whose mission is to provide support to the Council of Ministers, the Prime Minister and the other members of the Government organically integrated there and promote inter-ministerial coordination of the various government departments.

In accordance with the Organic Law of the XXIII Constitutional Government, the Presidency of the Council of Ministers comprises the following members of the Government:

 Prime Minister
 Secretary of State for Digitalisation and Administrative Modernisation
 Minister of the Presidency
 Secretary of State for the Presidency of the Council of Ministers
 Secretary of State for Planning
 Secretary of State for Public Administration
Minister in the Cabinet of the Prime Minister and for Parliamentary Affairs
Secretary of State for Equality and Migration
Secretary of State for Youth and Sports

The Presidency of the Council of Ministers also provides support to the dependent services of the Prime Minister, as well as those of the Minister of the Presidency, Minister in the Cabinet of the Prime Minister and for Parliamentary Affairs, Minister of Culture, Minister of Infrastructure and Housing, and the Minister of Territorial Cohesion.

See also

Cabinet (government)
Politics of Portugal

References

External links
 Government of Portugal Official Website

Government of Portugal
Portugal
Politics of Portugal
Enrico Boselli

Enrico Boselli (born 7 January 1957) is an Italian politician. He has been Vice President of Alliance for Italy, and is the former leader of the Italian Democratic Socialists and the modern-day Socialist Party, and former President of Emilia-Romagna.

Biography
A former member of the historical Italian Socialist Party (PSI), Boselli was first elected as MP in 1994. After the dissolution of the PSI in 1994, he has been leader of the Italian Socialists and the Italian Democratic Socialists.

He also served as Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2004 as member of the Group of the Party of European Socialists.

From September 1999 to 2001, Boselli served as rapporteur for the second reading of the InfoSoc directive, having been named by the Committee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market.

He was one of the main minds behind his party's decision to join forces with the Italian Radicals of Emma Bonino to found the Rose in the Fist, on the occasion of the 2006 general election.

In 2007 he founded the new Socialist Party, with whom he participated in the 2008 general election, but obtained only 0.9% of the vote.

In December 2010, Boselli joined the centrist party Alliance for Italy, and became vice-president not long after.

References

1957 births
Living people
Politicians from Bologna
Presidents of Emilia-Romagna
MEPs for Italy 1999–2004
Italian Socialist Party politicians
Italian Democratic Socialists MEPs
Alliance for Italy politicians
Italian Socialists politicians
Thornhill, British Columbia

The community of Thornhill is an unincorporated settlement of over 5,000 people on the east side of the Skeena River immediately across from the City of Terrace, British Columbia. Terrace is connected to Thornhill by the Old Skeena Bridge and the Dudley Little Bridge, also known as the "New Bridge."

Thornhill has an independent volunteer firefighting detachment and an educational system consisting of the schools —pro Thornhill Primary, Thornhill Elementary and Thornhill Junior Secondary School — containing a combined total of approximately 700 students from kindergarten to Grade 10. Thornhill junior secondary closed and is now a trades building. Thornhill is the fastest growing community in northwestern British Columbia between Prince George and Prince Rupert. Thornhill has three hotels and lodges, a few motels, six gas stations, several restaurants, a golf course, community grounds, rifle range, stock car track and other  amenities. Thornhill pays for its own policing as well as uses the regional northwest medical facilities. Terrace relies on Thornhills economic power to enable their businesses to survive.

Integration with Terrace
Because of its contiguousness with Terrace along the Highway 16 corridor, many visitors and newcomers to the area consider Thornhill a part of Terrace. However, that is now changing now that signs are going up identifying Thornhill as a vibrant community with more than 5,000 residents. Its government includes an electoral director's seat on the Kitimat–Stikine Regional District board. There have been discussions about developing a more independent system of local government in Thornhill (e.g., Incorporation) or amalgamating with the larger City of Terrace.

Terrace and Thornhill currently share the V8G postal code FSA, 250 area code and most phone number prefixes (e.g., 635, 638, 615, 631 and 641, in order of introduction). High speed cable internet also provides home phone services with prefix 778 used in various locations throughout British Columbia. Mail is properly addressed as being directed to Thornhill, B.C., specifically, is the correct way to address mail going to Thornhill as their postal code indicates Thornhill. Thornhill has the best equipped fire hall in northwestern B.C., a community grounds and hall, tennis courts, schools, a trades training centre, hotels, motels, restaurants, gas stations, a golf course, a rifle range and many more amenities.

References

External links
 Map of Thornhill (Google Maps)
 Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine
 Thornhill Volunteer Fire Department

Unincorporated settlements in British Columbia
Populated places in the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine
James A. Contner

James Atwater Contner (born June 12, 1947) is an American film, television director and cinematographer. His work includes episodes of such television series as Miami Vice, Angel, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Firefly, The X-Files and Star Trek: Enterprise. He has also directed several films, including One Hot Summer Night (1998), and Shark Swarm (2008).

References

External links

1947 births
American cinematographers
American film directors
American film producers
American television directors
American television producers
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Valley of Death

Valley of Death may refer to:

Places
Valley of Death (Bydgoszcz), the site of a 1939 Nazi mass murder and mass grave site in northern Poland
Valley of Death (Crimea), the site of the Charge of the Light Brigade in the 1854 Battle of Balaclava
Valley of Death (Gettysburg), the 1863 Gettysburg Battlefield landform of Plum Run
Valley of Death (Dukla Pass), the site of a tank battle during the Battle of the Dukla Pass in 1944 (World War II)
The Valley of Death, an area of poisonous volcanic gas near the Kikhpinych volcano in Russia
The Valley of Death, an area of poisonous volcanic gas near the Tangkuban Perahu volcano in Indonesia
 Valley of Death, a nickname for the highly polluted city of Cubatão, Brazil

Other uses
 The Valley of Death (audio drama), a Doctor Who audio play
 The Valley of Death (film), a 1968 western film
"Valley of Death", the flawed NewsStand: CNN & Time debut program that caused the Operation Tailwind controversy
 A literary element of "The Charge of the Light Brigade" by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
 A reference to the difficulty of covering negative cash flow in the early stages of a start-up company; see Venture capital
"The Valley of Death", a song by the Swedish heavy metal band Sabaton from the 2022 album The War to End All Wars

See also
 
Death Valley (disambiguation)
Valley of the Shadow of Death (disambiguation)
Cadbury Snack

A Cadbury Snack is a shortcake biscuit square or two biscuits with chocolate filling, covered with  milk chocolate.

History
Three versions of Cadbury Snack are available in the United Kingdom and Ireland:  Snack Shortcake (chocolate-coated shortbread in a yellow wrapper), Snack Wafer (chocolate-covered wafer fingers in a pink wrapper) and Snack Sandwich, an individual chocolate-and-biscuit bar similar to the original Jacob's Club biscuit. In February 2015, Cadbury announced that it was ceasing production of the Snack Wafer due to declining sales.

During the 1970s there was a Cadbury Snack Finger (chocolate-covered fingers in a blue wrapper) see Cadbury Fingers & in the 2000s there were limited editions of other versions of Snack.

Advertising
During the 1950s and 1960s there were black-and-white television adverts for the Snack product. Colour ads appeared in the 1970s. In 1986 the television advert used the phrase "Bridge the Gap". There were cartoon adverts in the 1990s.

Australian version
In Australia, the Cadbury Dairy Milk Snack block is a six-piece bar of milk chocolate filled with six different flavours (strawberry, pineapple, orange, coconut ice, Turkish delight and caramel), with each square piece having a different shape corresponding to its flavour, and available in  and  sizes. It began production in 1974; before then, the chocolate was created by MacRobertson's. In June 2009, Cadbury reduced the size of the bars.

References

Chocolate bars
Snack
Mondelez International brands
Barney Chavous

Barney Lewis Chavous ( ; born March 22, 1951) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected in the second round (36th overall) of the 1973 NFL Draft by the Denver Broncos after playing college football for South Carolina State University. He was selected by the Associated Press as a first-team defensive end on the 1972 Little All-America college football team.

He played his entire NFL career with the Broncos from 1973 to 1985.  He ranks third on the Broncos' all-time sacks list with 75 and is tied with Tom Jackson for third in Broncos' career starts with 177.

Chavous was the head football coach at T. W. Josey High School in Augusta, Georgia. Chavous is the uncle of former Minnesota Vikings cornerback Corey Chavous.
Now he works as a team sports coach at Tutt Middle school in Augusta, Georgia.

References

1951 births
Living people
American football defensive linemen
People from Aiken, South Carolina
Denver Broncos players
South Carolina State Bulldogs football players
Players of American football from South Carolina
African-American players of American football
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American sportspeople
Translator (disambiguation)

A translator is a linguist who translates documents from one language to another.

Translator may also refer to:

Music
Translator (band), a San Francisco new wave band active during the 1980s
Translator (album), a 1985 album of the band Translator

Other uses
A Translator, a 2018 Cuban film
Translator (computing), a computer program that translates programming language instructions
an alternate term for a broadcast relay station, a television or radio transmitter which rediffuses (retransmits) the signal of another television or radio station
Computer-assisted translation, software that translates source files from one language to another ("file translator") or provides gisting of copy-and-paste text

See also
The Translators, 2019 French film
Tourism in Tokyo

Tourism in Tokyo is a major industry. In 2006, there were 420 million visits by  Japanese people and 4.81 million visits by foreigners. The economic value of tourist visits to Tokyo totaled ¥9.4 trillion yen. Many tourists visit the various urban districts, stores, and entertainment districts throughout the neighborhoods of the special wards of Tokyo.

Tourist destinations
Japanese schoolchildren on class trips typically visit Tokyo Tower.  
Cultural offerings in Tokyo include both omnipresent Japanese pop culture and associated districts such as Shibuya and Harajuku, subcultural attractions such as Studio Ghibli anime center. Tokyo National Museum  houses over a third of the National Treasures of Japan. No buildings in Tokyo are listed as World Heritage Sites. Among buildings, only the Jizo Hall of Shofuku-ji, a suburban temple, is a National treasure. Other popular attractions include the Imperial Palace, Meiji Shrine, and Sensō-ji, a popular temple.  Many tourists, particularly foreigners, visit Tsukiji Fish Market. Contrary to a common misconception, Tokyo has many green spaces in the city center and  its suburbs.

Transportation
Access to Tokyo is provided by airports including Narita Airport, Tokyo International Airport (Haneda, providing primarily domestic service), and the Shinkansen.  Major hotel districts include Shinjuku and Tokyo Bay, although there are some hotels in many more districts.

Statistics
In 2018, more than 31 million foreign tourists visited Japan, a great increase   from around 6.8 million foreign visitors in 2009.
International tourism decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic; Japan re-opened to international tourists in October 2022.

See other

 Architecture in Tokyo
 Festivals in Tokyo
 List of parks and gardens in Tokyo
 List of museums in Tokyo
 Special wards of Tokyo
 Sports in Tokyo
 Tourism in Japan

References

External links

Official Tokyo Tourism Info
The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand

The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand or Open Polytechnic (Māori: Kuratini Tuwhera) is a government-owned tertiary education institution operating as the specialist national provider of open and distance learning (ODL). On 1 April 2020, The Open Polytechnic became a subsidiary of New Zealand Institute of Skills & Technology alongside the 15 other Institutes of Technology and Polytechnics (ITPs).

History

The Polytechnic began life as the Technical Correspondence School in 1946, providing resettlement training for returned servicemen and women following World War II. In 1963 it became the Technical Correspondence Institute offering mainly theory training in trades subjects.

The institution underwent a major transformation in 1990 when it was renamed The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, going on to become a multi-faceted provider of ODL courses and services.

Located in Lower Hutt near New Zealand's capital city Wellington, The Open Polytechnic provides tertiary education at a national level for 30,000 students each year.

References

External links

Facebook page
YouTube channel
Twitter channel

Te Pūkenga – New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology
Lower Hutt
Distance education institutions based in New Zealand
Educational institutions established in 1946
2020 disestablishments in New Zealand
1946 establishments in New Zealand
Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire

This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire.

List of Lord Lieutenants 

From 1642 until 1660 the position was vacant, however after the Restoration, a separate lieutenant was appointed for each of the three ridings; see Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire, Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire and Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire.

References 

 

Yorkshire
 
1642 disestablishments in England
Cold Comfort

Cold Comfort may refer to:

Film and television
 Cold Comfort (film), 1989 film directed by Vic Sarin
 "Cold Comfort" (Are You Being Served?), a 1974 episode of Are You Being Served?
 "Cold Comfort" (X-Men), a 1995 episode of X-Men
 "Cold Comfort" (The New Batman Adventures), a 1997 episode of The New Batman Adventures
 "Cold Comfort" (Dark Angel), a 2000 episode of Dark Angel
 "Cold Comfort" (Law & Order: Criminal Intent), a 2003 episode of Criminal Intent
 "Cold Comfort" (Inside No. 9), a 2015 episode of Inside No. 9

Other
 Operation Cold Comfort, a failed raid during World War II
 Cold Comfort (album), a 2011 album by Autumn
 Cold Comfort, a 1998 book by Barton Sutter

See also
 Cold Comfort Farm, a 1932 comic novel by Stella Gibbons

Shakespearean phrases
Stutter Rap (No Sleep til Bedtime)

"Stutter Rap (No Sleep til Bedtime)" is a song by Morris Minor and the Majors, led by Tony Hawks. The song is a stylistic parody of the Beastie Boys, and the subtitle plays on their 1987 single "No Sleep till Brooklyn". The record sold 220,000 copies.

Hawks started out as a songwriter but was not successful, and instead became a comedian and writer. However, in turning to comedy he achieved a hit with "Stutter Rap", which reached No. 4 in the UK Singles Chart, No. 14 in Canada and No. 2 in Australia. It was written by Hawks, and performed by him along with two others. In the video for the song, John Deacon (of Queen) makes an appearance, wearing a blue wig and playing guitar.

The song was coupled with "Another Boring B-Side", whose chorus simply repeated the line: "Very very very very very very boring".

Melody Maker reviewed the single with the four words "Stutter Rap, Utter Crap".

In its original form the track had a brief two second sample of the theme to the TV series Neighbours at the 1:39 mark, but on the follow-up single "This Is the Chorus" and some compilations this was replaced with a different and unidentified sample with female vocals.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

External links
 Tony-Hawks.com (Official website of Tony Hawks)

1987 singles
1987 songs
Stuttering
Songs about sleep
Musical parodies
Morris Minor and the Majors songs
Józef Rostafiński

Józef Tomasz Rostafiński (14 August 1850 – 5 May 1928) was a Polish botanist.

Life 
He was born in Warsaw, and studied in  (1866–1869), Jena, Halle, and Strasbourg, where he achieved his PhD before being appointed lecturer at the university of Kraków. 

One of his books, the Przewodnik do oznaczania roślin w Polsce dziko rosnących (Guide to Wild Plants in Poland), had 21 editions between 1886 and 1979. 
In one of his notable works, Józef Rostafiński did extensive research about the Polesie region in eastern Poland, and claimed it lacked certain type of trees due to the soil and ground. Streets bearing his name can be found in the Polish cities of Kraków, Warsaw, and Wrocław.

References

External links 
Józef Rostafiński's works on Polona

1850 births
1928 deaths
Botanists from the Russian Empire
Botanists from Austria-Hungary
20th-century Polish botanists
19th-century Polish botanists
Medical Examination (Fishermen) Convention, 1959

The Medical Examination (Fishermen) Convention, 1959 is  an International Labour Organization Convention.

It was established in 1959, with the preamble stating "Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the medical examination of fishermen,..."

Ratifications
As of 2022, the convention has been ratified by 30 states. Of these ratifying states, five—Bosnia and Herzegovina, France, Netherlands, Norway and Poland—had denounced the treaty via an automatic process that denounces the 1959 convention when a superseding convention is ratified by the same state.

External links 
Text.
Ratifications.

International Labour Organization conventions
Treaties concluded in 1959
Treaties entered into force in 1961
Fishers
Treaties of Azerbaijan
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of the military dictatorship in Brazil
Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria
Treaties of Costa Rica
Treaties of Croatia
Treaties of Cuba
Treaties of Ecuador
Treaties of France
Treaties of West Germany
Treaties of Guinea
Treaties of Guatemala
Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
Treaties of Liberia
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties of Norway
Treaties of Panama
Treaties of Peru
Treaties of the Polish People's Republic
Treaties of the Soviet Union
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties of Yugoslavia
Treaties of North Macedonia
Treaties of Slovenia
Treaties of Francoist Spain
Treaties of Tajikistan
Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Treaties of Tunisia
Treaties of Uruguay
Admiralty law treaties
Treaties extended to Aruba
Treaties extended to French Guiana
Treaties extended to Guadeloupe
Treaties extended to Martinique
Treaties extended to Réunion
Occupational safety and health treaties
1959 in labor relations
Lost Consonants

Lost Consonants is a comic collage series created by Graham Rawle, appearing in Britain's Guardian newspaper from 1990 to 2005. The text and image word play series illustrates a sentence from which one vital letter has been removed, altering its meaning. For example: "Youths addicted to drugs" becomes "youths addicted to rugs", or instead of going days without water and becoming "thirsty", people become "thirty".

The series appeared weekly in the weekend Guardian for 15 years, as well as in the Sydney Morning Herald, Australia, for more than a year and the Globe and Mail, South Africa. It is featured regularly in a number of English language magazines including Spotlight Verlag and BBC English magazine. During its lifetime, nearly eight hundred Lost Consonants appeared in The Guardian. Eight Lost Consonants books have been published from the series.

References

External links
 Graham Rawle's Website

British comic strips
John Smedley (brand)

John Smedley Ltd is an English luxury clothing brand specialising in knitwear like polo shirts and sweaters for men and women. The company applies a “Made in England” tag to every garment made. John Smedley has remained a family business since 1784, and is now managed by the  8th generation of the Smedley family. Historically, four generations of men named John Smedley owned Lea Mills, near Matlock, Derbyshire. The most famous of these was John Smedley (1803–1874), who is considered the namesake of the brand. The John Smedley company sells clothing in over 30 countries;  its largest export market is Japan. In the UK, John Smedley has concessions in branches of Flannels and Fenwick.

History
Lea Mills was founded in 1784 by Peter Nightingale (a relation of Florence Nightingale and former accountant to Richard Arkwright) and John Smedley (father of the better-known son of the same name). It was set up on a hilly site straddling a brook at Lea Bridge, just outside Matlock. The brook was used to both clean yarn and power machinery.

The mill specialised in the production of muslin and spinning cotton to send out to local cottages with hand frame looms. Towards the end of the 18th century, the company had extended its activities to include knitting and hosiery manufacture – said to be the origin of Long Johns. By this time, John Smedley was running the business alone, although the Nightingale family retained an interest in the property.

As Lea Mills remains open and an operational building to this day, manufacturing the company's range of designer knitwear, John Smedley claims to be the world's longest running factory manufacturer.

John Smedley's son, also named John Smedley, was born on 12 June 1803.

In 1819 the younger John Smedley began work as an apprentice. In 1825 he took over the running of the mill, and started an energetic expansion of its operations. The mill at this time had already diversified from cotton to wool, and from simply weaving to knitting. Smedley the younger's plan was to produce a wide range of finished garments, rather than simply manufacture cloth.

In 1847 he married Caroline Harward, the second daughter of John Harward the Vicar of Wirksworth.

Smedley's success and growing wealth enabled other grand projects. He developed an interest in hydrotherapy, and built Smedley's Hydro in Matlock, a spa resort that attracted patrons from around the world. As a family home he also built the massive and ostentatious Riber Castle on a hilltop overlooking Matlock. This is now one of Derbyshire's most famous landmarks.

Smedley died on 27 July 1874, and upon his death the business passed to his cousin, John T Marsden Smedley, and thence to John B Marsden Smedley. In 1893 the operation became a limited company.

See also
List of mills in Derbyshire

References

External links

1784 establishments
Luxury brands
British textile industry businesspeople
People from Derbyshire Dales (district)
People from Dethick, Lea and Holloway
19th-century English businesspeople
Monster Worldwide

Monster Worldwide, Inc. is an American provider of employment services,  the largest of which is Monster.com. Through online media sites and services, the company  delivers targeted audiences to advertisers. In 2010, these operating segments represented approximately 46%, 40% and 14% of its consolidated revenue, respectively. On August 24, 2010, Monster completed the acquisition of Yahoo! HotJobs from Yahoo!. On December 31, 2010, the Company completed the acquisition of JobBusan, a business that provides online recruiting in Busan, South Korea.

In August 2016, Ranstad Holding, a Dutch multinational human resource consulting firm headquartered in Diemen, Netherlands announced acquisition of Monster Worldwide.

Option backdating
James J. Treacy, who served as  president and CEO of Monster, was charged of conspiring with other officers of the company to systematically backdate option grants over a period from 1997 to 2003. He was found guilty by a jury in May 2009 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

References

External links

 

Randstad NV
American companies established in 1999
Business services companies established in 1999
Companies based in New York City
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange
American subsidiaries of foreign companies
2016 mergers and acquisitions
2000 initial public offerings
Monster.com
Wang Xuan

Wang Xuan (; February 5, 1937 – February 13, 2006), born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, was a Chinese computer scientist. He was a computer application specialist and innovator of the Chinese printing industry, as well as an academician at both the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was the vice-president of the CPPCC and founder of the major technology conglomerate company Founder Group in 1986.

Biography

Not only did he contribute a lot, but he really loved his country.
Wang Xuan graduated from the Department of Mathematics and Mechanics at Peking University in 1958 and devoted himself to computer science education and research. He was mainly involved in research into computer processing of words, graphics and images. In 1975, he was in charge of the research and development of laser typesetting systems in the Chinese language and of electronic publishing systems. Surpassing Japan's second-generation optical designation and the third-generation CRT designation, the fourth-generation laser typesetting system he invented has not yet come onto the market in other countries. Thus he is dubbed "the Father of Chinese Language Laser Typesetting".

Awards and honors
Wang Xuan was awarded the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award in 2001 by President Jiang Zemin. Started in 2000, this highest degree prize of science and technology in China, has only been awarded to 9 scientists by 2006. Asteroid 4913 Wangxuan, discovered at the Purple Mountain Observatory in 1965, was named in his memory. The official  was published by the Minor Planet Center on 24 November 2007 ().

References

External links

1937 births
2006 deaths
Businesspeople from Wuxi
Chinese company founders
Chinese computer businesspeople
Chinese computer scientists
20th-century Chinese inventors
Chinese technology company founders
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Nanyang Model High School alumni
Peking University alumni
Vice Chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu
Politicians from Wuxi
Scientists from Wuxi
UNESCO Science Prize laureates
Da Vinci's Challenge

Da Vinci's Challenge is a board game distributed by Briarpatch.

Background

Da Vinci's Challenge is a game of patterns inspired by a geometric construction drawn by Leonardo da Vinci. The player's objective is to score the most points by using pieces to create patterns worth different point values. This is complicated because patterns can overlap. Pieces can also be used to block the opponent from creating patterns. The game ends when no more patterns can be made by either side. The player with the highest score is the winner.

Awards
It won a 2005 Mensa Select Award.

References

External links
 Description of the game by the manufacturer (retrieved January 16, 2014)
 Boardgame Geek page

Board games introduced in 2004
Abstract strategy games
Mensa Select winners
Dodgem

Dodgem is a simple abstract strategy game invented by Colin Vout in 1972 while he was a mathematics student at the University of Cambridge as described in the book Winning Ways.  It is played on an n×n board with n-1 cars for each player—two cars each on a 3×3 board is enough for an interesting game, but larger sizes are also possible.

Play
The board is initially set up with n-1 blue cars along the left edge and n-1 red cars along the bottom edge, the bottom left square remaining empty.  Turns alternate:  player 1 ("Left")'s turn is to move any one of the blue cars one space forwards (right) or sideways (up or down).  Player 2 ("Right")'s turn is to move any one of the red cars one space forwards (up) or sideways (left or right).

Cars may not move onto occupied spaces.  They may leave the board, but only by a forward move.  A car which leaves the board is out of the game. There are no captures.  A player must always leave their opponent a legal move or else forfeit the game.  

The winner is the player who first gets all their pieces off the board, or has all their cars blocked in by their opponent.

The game can also be played in Misere, where you force your opponent to move their pieces off the board.

Theory
The 3×3 game can be completely analyzed (strongly solved) and is a win for the first player—a table showing who wins from every possible position is given in Winning Ways, and given this information it is easy to read off a winning strategy.

David des Jardins showed in 1996 that the 4×4 and 5×5 games never end with perfect play—both players get stuck shuffling their cars from side to side to prevent the other from winning.  He conjectures that this is true for all larger boards.

For a 3x3 board, there are 56 reachable positions. Out of the 56 reachable positions, 8 of them are winning, 4 of them are losing, and 44 are draws.

References

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External links
"Dodgem" . . . any info? Thread from discussion group rec.games.abstract, 1996, containing David desJardins' analysis of the 4x4 and 5x5 games

Mathematical games
Abstract strategy games
Tinnsjå

Tinnsjå (also known as Tinnsjø or Tinnsjøen; ) is one of the largest lakes in Norway measuring about . It is also one of the deepest lakes in Europe, reaching a depth of . Tinnsjå is located in the municipalities of Tinn and Notodden in Vestfold og Telemark county. At its source in the west, the Måna river flows out of the lake Møsvatn and past the town of Rjukan into Tinnsjå. From the north, the river Mår flows from the lakes Mår, Gøystavatn, and Kalhovdfjorden into Tinnsjå. Tinnsjå is part of the Skien watershed, and it drains via the Tinnelva river in the south, down to the lake Heddalsvatn.

At the north end of the lake lie the villages of Atrå and Austbygdi. The village of Miland lies on the western shore of the lake. The village of Hovin lies up on a hill overlooking the eastern shore of the lake and the village of Rudsgrendi lies on the western shore. There is a small dam at the south end of the lake which regulates the surface elevation of the lake and the village of Tinnoset is located at this end of the lake. The village of Gransherad lies about  south of this dam.

History
In 1944, during the German occupation of Norway, the ferry SF Hydro was sunk in Tinnsjå by the Norwegian resistance. The Germans were using the ferry to transport a large quantity of heavy water to Germany, where it was to be used for nuclear weapons research. The heavy water had been produced at Vemork, a factory located in Rjukan. 

The wreck of the ferry was discovered in 1993. In 2004, it was investigated and filmed for an episode of NOVA; heavy water samples were recovered and deuterium isotopic enrichment was confirmed.

In 2004, a film crew shooting footage for a new documentary on the heavy water sabotage became aware of an unusual fish, swimming near the lake bottom at a depth of . Two specimens of the previously unknown fish were captured in April 2005. Analysis revealed the fish to be closely related to Arctic char. The light-colored, translucent fish is up to  long and lacks a swim bladder.

See also
List of lakes in Norway

References

Tinn
Notodden
Lakes of Vestfold og Telemark
Joe Magrane

Joseph David Magrane (born July 2, 1964) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals, California Angels, and Chicago White Sox between 1987 and 1996, and is currently a color commentary broadcaster for the MLB Network.

Playing career

Amateur

In 1984, Magrane played collegiate summer baseball for the Harwich Mariners of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL). He led the league in wins and threw six complete games. Magrane was the winning pitcher at the league's 1984 all-star game at Philadelphia's Veterans Stadium, where he pitched two shutout innings. He was inducted into the CCBL Hall of Fame in 2009.

Professional

During his rookie season, he helped the Cardinals win the 1987 National League pennant, starting Game 1 and Game 7 (the first pitcher to do so with no starts between those two games), taking the loss in Game 1. He also led the National League in hit batsmen, with 10.

He led the National League in ERA (2.18) in 1988, despite winning only five games (losing nine). He holds the distinction of the fewest wins by an ERA leader, excluding strike seasons. He finished 4th in voting for the 1989 NL Cy Young with an 18–9 win–loss record, a 2.91 ERA and surrendered only 5 home runs in 234 innings.

An injured elbow in 1990 cost him almost all of the next two seasons and most of his effectiveness, and he never regained his early form. He won 11 games between the St. Louis and California ball clubs in 1993, but could not muster more than two wins or 74 innings pitched in any other season until his retirement in 1996 at the relatively early age of 32.

Broadcasting career
Prior to joining the MLB Network, Magrane was teamed with play-by-play announcer Dewayne Staats from 1998 to 2008 as part of the Tampa Bay Rays television team, and also served as an analyst for NBC Sports' coverage of baseball at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Personal life

Magrane and his wife Renee, have two daughters, Shannon and Sophia. In 2012, Shannon was a finalist on the 11th season of American Idol .

See also

List of Major League Baseball annual ERA leaders

References

External links

1964 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Arizona Wildcats baseball players
Arkansas Travelers players
Baseball players from Des Moines, Iowa
California Angels players
Chicago White Sox players
Harwich Mariners players
Johnson City Cardinals players
Lake Elsinore Storm players
Louisville Redbirds players
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Major League Baseball pitchers
MLB Network personalities
Nashville Sounds players
National League ERA champions
Ottawa Lynx players
St. Petersburg Cardinals players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Tampa Bay Rays announcers
Vancouver Canadians players
Alaska Goldpanners of Fairbanks players
Cocio

Cocio is a chocolate milk drink produced in Esbjerg, Denmark. It is moderately popular in the rest of Scandinavia and, to a lesser extent in some US regions, namely New England. It is also available in the Philippines, Spain, the UK, the Netherlands and Poland.

The new factory in Esbjerg was first used in 2002. The factory is 8,000 square meters, and contains Production and Administration.

History 
Cocio was founded by Anker Pallesen in 1951. He and his wife began researching recipes in their own kitchen. In the beginning, the new factory produced 1,000 bottles a day. 

In 1976, he sold the company to The Borden Food Corporation in United States, but production continued in Esbjerg.
In the mid-1980s, Cocio released a new 1 litre bottle, and the drink gained popularity in Denmark. In 1988, Cocio had the first commercial in Danish television.

In 1989, the Cocio company bought its rival company, Congo, which had a 25 percent market share at the time. Following the take-over, Cocio was alone in the Danish chocolate milk market.

In 1998, Jamin Potamkin entered the product for a pilot program with the FDA to import the foreign milk on a trial basis (something that Denmark had been trying to do for over thirty years). This was the first time that a foreign milk was allowed to enter the United States and allowed to be distributed in all fifty states in a consumable form directly from the containment vessel. Though Arla Foods (then a wholly Danish company under the business name of MD Foods) also asked Jamin Potamkin to get other dairy products (in particular their yoghurt) into the United States and had their head of US operations ask for assistance, it was refused by Jamin Potamkin and the United States Federal Government. No other Danish liquid dairy products are allowed to enter the US territory, except for the maximum allowed under the Federal Import Milk Act (FIMA), which allows for liquid milk to enter as a percentage in a combined product, i.e. baby formula with 10% or less foreign milk. 

In 1999, the companies E. Bank Lauridsen Holding A/S and IAT Corporation decided to buy Cocio, to bring the Danish spirit to the company again. Then in 2002 Arla Foods became joint owner, buying a 50 percent share in the company. As of 1 January 2008, Arla Foods is the sole owner of Cocio A/S. 

Cocio A/S ceased cooperation with Jamin Potamkin (A/S Imports, Inc.) and the United States in 2003. And it was also once imported into the United States by CKF Foods Inc., but is no longer available to consumers in the USA.

Production 
The production equipment is able to produce around 58,000 bottles per hour and is capable of packaging milk-based, juice, and iced-tea drinks in glass and tins.

Marketing 
Famously, Cocio have used Eva Mendes as a front figure in their commercials.

References

External links

 

Arla Foods
Food brands of Denmark
Drink brands
Chocolate drinks
Danish companies established in 1951
Borden (company)
Adolf Joszt

Adolf Joszt (; born 1889 in Lviv - 1957 in Gliwice) was a Polish chemist, considered to be a significant precursor to the practices of biotechnology and environmental protection.

References 

1889 births
1957 deaths
Scientists from Lviv
Polish chemists
Lviv Polytechnic alumni
Lviv Polytechnic rectors
Select Portfolio Servicing

Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. (SPS) is  a loan servicing company founded in 1989 as Fairbanks Capital Corp. with operations in Salt Lake City, Utah and Jacksonville, Florida.

History 
Select Portfolio Servicing was created as a Utah company in 1989. Filings with both the Utah Secretary of State and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) confirm this. Filings with the Utah SOS and SEC would more accurately confirm that Fairbanks Capital Corp. was created as a Utah company in 1989.

Fairbanks Holding (the parent company of Fairbanks Capital) was owned in part by PMI Group, Inc., and bond guaranty firm Financial Security Assurance.

In November 2003, Fairbanks Capital Corp. and Fairbanks Capital Holding Corp. agreed to pay $40 million to settle with the FTC and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), which charged them with engaging in a number of unfair, deceptive, and illegal practices in the servicing of subprime mortgage loans. The Commission distributed the $40 million as redress to affected consumers. The settlement also imposed a number of specific limitations on Fairbanks’s ability to charge fees and engage in certain practices when servicing mortgage loans.

Fairbanks changed its name to Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. effective June 30, 2004 according to its Articles of Amendment. Around the same time Fairbanks Holding renamed itself to SPS Holding Corp.

In 2005, Select Portfolio Servicing was purchased by Credit Suisse, a financial services company, headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland. According to a Securities and Exchange Commission report (CFN: 1-6862) filed August 12, 2005, Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. now known as Credit Suisse, purchased Select Portfolio Servicing and its parent holding company for $144.4 million.  Credit Suisse's Investment Banking Strategy included "the acquisition of Select Portfolio Servicing, a mortgage servicing company."

In 2007, the FTC conducted a review of Select Portfolio Servicing’s compliance with certain aspects of the 2003 settlement. The FTC and Select Portfolio Servicing negotiated and agreed to several modifications of the settlement. HUD has also agreed to these changes.

As of July 2020, Select Portfolio Servicing's current CEO and President is Randhir Gandhi.

See also 
 Subprime lending

References

External links 
 
 Google Finance – SPS Profile
 Federal Trade Commission Press Release
 Consumer Affairs Complaints and Reviews
 Legal Struggles with SPS and Other Mortgage Servicers

Credit Suisse
Mortgage lenders of the United States
Financial services companies of the United States
Subprime mortgage crisis