alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Quo Vadis (video game)

Quo Vadis is an action-adventure game designed by Steven T. Chapman for the Commodore 64 and released by  The Edge in 1984.

Gameplay
The object of the game is to explore a vast set of caverns and retrieve a scepter. Along the way the player must avoid (or shoot) various monsters and lava pits.

The playing area of the game extends over 1024 screen sizes, making it the largest arcade adventure/platform game of the time. A map of the playing area was published in the October 1984 issue of the magazine Personal Computer Games. Various "riddles" are hidden throughout the caverns. When the game was first released the publishers offered a prize to the first person who could complete the game and find and correctly answer all the riddles.

The prize, a gold scepter valued at £10,000, was apparently never claimed. Some people did mail answers in but were told they had answered the riddles incorrectly.  There is a common understanding the solution must have been "Honi soit qui mal y pense", which was mailed in by several gamers, but the publisher never had the intention to pay the price in the first place, and therefore never released the "official" correct answer either.

Reception
Quo Vadis received the Game of the Month award in the September 1984 issue of the UK magazine Personal Computer Games.

References

1984 video games
Action-adventure games
Commodore 64 games
Commodore 64-only games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Cary Sherman

Cary Sherman is the former Chairman and CEO of the Recording Industry Association of America, an organization representing the nation’s major music labels. The trade group’s member companies are responsible for creating, manufacturing, or distributing approximately 85 percent of all legalized sound recordings sold in the United States.

Education
Sherman graduated from Cornell University in 1968, and Harvard Law School in 1971.

RIAA
Sherman was hired as general counsel for RIAA in 1997. Throughout his tenure, Sherman has helped guide the industry’s efforts to facilitate new ways for fans to access music and to ensure that music creators are properly compensated as streaming media became the dominant format of the business.  He was instrumental in the enactment of the Digital Performance Right in Sound Recordings Act in 1995, which along with his work on the Digital Millennium Copyright Act in 1998, established a new right for artists and labels to be compensated by digital music services. That right has since become the core legal foundation obligating streaming services to pay royalties for their subscription services – services that have become the primary catalyst for growth in the business. His work involved coordination and regulation of the industry's business, policy and legal objectives while his obligations remain primarily in technology, government affair issues, licensing and enforcement of rules and regulations.  In 2010, Sherman helped the RIAA secure a $105 million settlement from LimeWire for copyright infringement. Sherman replaced Mitch Bainwol as CEO in August 2011.

Sherman is a strong advocate of SOPA and PIPA. Following the defeat of the bills in January 2012, Sherman penned an op-ed in The New York Times critical of the bills' detractors and their motives. The opinion piece was criticized.

Personal life
An amateur musician and lyricist, he is a member of the Board of Levine Music in Washington, D.C., where he recently served as Chairman. Sherman also serves on the board of the Anti-Defamation League, and has served on numerous other boards, including the Copyright Society, Washington Area Lawyers for the Arts, The Computer Law Association, The Computer Lawyer, and BNA Records' Patent, Trademark and Copyright Journal.

References

Living people
American lobbyists
Copyright activists
Cornell University alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
Businesspeople from Bethesda, Maryland
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Year of birth missing (living people)
American Jews
Matheus de Layens

Matheus de Layens (d. Leuven, 3 December 1483) was a Brabantine architect from the 15th century.

He was employed in Leuven from 1433, first under the architect Sulpitius van Vorst (d. 1439), and afterwards under Jan Keldermans II, whom he succeeded in 1445 as master mason. In that capacity he developed the town fortifications and led the construction of Leuven Town Hall (1448–1469), as well as the transept of Saint Peter's Church. The sacrament tower of Saint Peter's church, built in 1451, is also attributed to him.

Around 1450, de Layens worked on St. Leonard's Church in Zoutleeuw, "Our Lady of the Pool" (Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-ten-Poel) church at Tienen, and the St. Sulpitius Church at Diest. From 1457 he took over, from architect Jan Spijkens, the construction of Saint Waltrude Collegiate Church at Mons, and restored the town hall there in 1479.

His last work (1480–1487) was the monumental Round Table building (het Tafelrond) on the east side of Leuven's Grote Markt square. The building was torn down and replaced in about 1818, but was reconstructed in its original style and location in 1921.

References
 (Source declared references)

Layens, Matthijs de
Layens, Matthijs de
Layens, Matthijs de
Layens, Matthijs de
Year of birth unknown
Tailless fruit bat

The tailless fruit bat (Megaerops ecaudatus)  is a species of fruit bat in the family Pteropodidae.

Distribution
Individuals have been found in the lowland primary forest at Poring in Sabah and Taleban in Thailand, Bario highland and secondary forest of Balui, both in Sarawak. M. ecaudatus ranges in the primary forest and open habitat  from Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra; Kinabalu, Danum, Tawau, and Tenom in Sabah; Temburong and Tasik Merimbun in Brunei; Bario in Sarawak; to Kapuas and Kutai in Kalimantan.

Biology and ecology
Two males and two females have been captured in various habitats. An adult female was collected in April, 1995, and adult male in April, 1996. A subadult female was taken from the Balui secondary forest in June, 1994, while an immature was collected from the primary forest in Taleban on 28 March 1997. In Cameron Highlands, Peninsula Malaysia, females were pregnant in February and extending to March and June. Females with suckling juveniles were also observed in November. A specimen MTA96004 was collected in the canopy net approximately 30 m above ground level. The specimen BD013 was collected at 1,100 m elevation in Bario upland. According to Lekagul and McNeely (1977), M. ecaudatus has been recorded both in the lowlands and on mountains up to 3,000 m in Thailand.

References

Hall LS, Gordon G. Grigg, Craig Moritz, Besar Ketol, Isa Sait, Wahab Marni and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Biogeography of fruit bats in Southeast Asia. Sarawak Museum Journal LX(81):191-284.
Karim, C., A.A. Tuen and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Mammals. Sarawak Museum Journal Special Issue No. 6. 80: 221—234.
Mohd. Azlan J., Ibnu Maryanto, Agus P. Kartono and M.T. Abdullah. 2003 Diversity, Relative Abundance and Conservation of Chiropterans in Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sarawak Museum Journal 79: 251-265.
Hall LS, Richards GC, Abdullah MT. 2002. The bats of Niah National Park, Sarawak. Sarawak Museum Journal. 78: 255-282.

External links
Bat World Sanctuary
Rodrigues Fruit Bats
Bat Conservation International

Megaerops
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Indonesia
Bats of Malaysia
Mammals of Borneo
Mammals of Brunei
Mammals of Thailand
Fauna of Sumatra
Least concern biota of Asia
Mammals described in 1837
Philip Brown (actor)

Philip J. Brown Jr. (born March 26, 1958) is an American actor best known for his television performances.

Brown is a native of Coalinga, California. His father Philip Brown Sr. was a television technician after having been an actor, and his uncle was actor Peter Brown. He graduated from North Hollywood High School.

He first played Billy Martin, the son of Doris Day on The Doris Day Show, from 1968-1971.

Brown portrayed Randy Harford in When the Whistle Blows (1980). He also appeared in the 1980s Dynasty spin-off series The Colbys as Neil Kittredge, in Knots Landing as Brian Johnston in 1991, and in 1993 as Buck Huston in Loving. He also played Steve Kendall, a sportscaster, on Search for Tomorrow in the 1980s.

Brown also made films in South Africa in the 1980s.

He currently works in commercials.

Partial filmography
The Playground (1965) - Fishback
Pretty Maids All in a Row (1971) - Jim Green
Rivals (1981) - Clyde 'Clutch' Turner
Dune Surfer (1988) - Ben Maartens
Back to Freedom (1988) - Dr. Paul Fleming
Wild Zone (1989) - Wayne Garrison
The Nostradamus Kid (1993) - Fuzzy Wuzzy
An American Reunion (2003) - Rob Stefanic

References

External links
 

American male soap opera actors
American male television actors
American male child actors
Living people
1958 births
North Hollywood High School alumni
Altai State University

Altai State University is a public research university in Barnaul, Russia. It was established by a decree by Leonid Brezhnev as the first multidisciplinary university in Altai Krai in 1973.

Departments
Altai State University has the following departments: Arts, Biology, Chemistry, Geography, History, Law, 
Mathematics and IT, Mass Communication, Philology and Political Science,
Physics and Technology, Education and Psychology, Sociology and
International Institute of Economics, Management and Informational Systems.

The university has affiliates in Biysk, Belokurikha, Rubtsovsk and Slavgorod all in Altai Krai.

Rankings

References

External links
Altai State University website

Universities and institutes established in the Soviet Union
Universities in Altai Krai
Universities and colleges established in 1973
Education in Barnaul
1973 establishments in the Soviet Union
Harun ibn Khumarawayh

Harun ibn Khumarawayh (; died 30 December 904) was the fourth Tulunid vassal Emir of Egypt (896–904). He succeeded his elder brother Abu 'l-Asakir Jaysh, who had been murdered by army chiefs. He left state affairs to the vizier, Abu Ja'far ibn Ali, preferring to live a life of dissolute luxury. This led to a growing crisis in the country, since state finances could not be regulated and the army leaders gradually accrued more power to themselves

After Khumarawayh's death, the Tulunids entered a period of instability under his under-age heirs, with his son Jaysh ibn Khumarawayh being deposed and killed in November, in favour of his younger brother Harun ibn Khumarawayh (896–904). Al-Mu'tadid swiftly took advantage of this: in 897 he extended his control over the border provinces of the Thughūr; forced the Tulunids to hand back all of Syria north of Homs; and increased the annual tribute to 450,000 dinars in exchange for caliphal recognition of Harun. 
Over the next few years, the Tulunid domains continued to experience domestic turmoil coupled with an escalation of Qarmatian attacks, resulting in the defection of many Tulunid followers to the resurgent Caliphate.

The Abbasid Caliphate took advantage of this state of affairs and invaded Tulunid-controlled Syria in 904. The Tulunid troops deserted, and the forces of the Caliphate were able to enter the Nile valley. Harun was killed in an army mutiny. His successor was the last of the Tulunids, his uncle Shayban (904–905).

References

Sources
 
 

9th-century births
904 deaths
9th-century Tulunid emirs
10th-century Tulunid emirs
Tulunid emirs
Year of birth unknown
Nimr al-Khatib

Muhammad Nimr al-Khatib ( (1918 – 15 November 2010) was a Palestinian leader and pro-Husayni head of the Arab Higher Committee in Haifa during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. He founded an Islamic society called Jam‘iyyat al-I‘tisam in 1941. Khatib's family held the mufti-ship of Haifa during Ottoman rule.

Khatib was targeted for assassination by the Haganah, as part of Operation Zarzir, on 19 February 1948. Two Shahar agents fired 32 bullets at a taxi in which he was traveling north of Haifa on a return journey from Damascus. He was hit by one bullet in the lung and three in the left shoulder. Isaac Shoshan had been instructed to "run back and appear to be helping, but actually to make sure the sheikh was dead, and if not, to finish the job off with my handgun". However, British soldiers prevented Shoshan from reaching the car. One passenger died and one other was wounded in the attack.  Al-Khatib remained outside of Palestine for the rest of the war.

Khatib was the author of a notable account of the 1948 War entitled The Events of the Disaster (Min Athar al-Nakba). Khatib was the first writer to note the Tantura massacre.

References

External links
Nimr al-Khatib's obituary 

1918 births
2010 deaths
Palestinian people of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
Palestinian Sunni Muslims
Palestinian non-fiction writers
Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood members
Duck hepatitis B virus

Duck hepatitis B virus, abbreviated DHBV, is part of the genus Avihepadnavirus of the Hepadnaviridae, and is the causal agent of duck hepatitis B.

DHBV is a small DNA virus with a diameter of 40–45 nm.  The viral envelope is made up from host cell lipid, with viral surface antigens (DHBsAg).  The icosahedral nucleocapsid within, is composed of the virus core antigen (DHBcAg) and surrounds the DNA genome and viral polymerase.  The viral genome is a circular double stranded DNA molecule about 3000 base pairs long.  The genome has three overlapping open reading frames or ORFs:
 C-ORF – encoding the core antigen and pre-core protein which are processed and secreted as DHBcAg
 S-ORF – codes for the surface antigen DHBsAg
 P-ORF – encoding the viral polymerase.

On binding and entry of the virus to the host cell, the genome is transported to the nucleus to be transcribed.  Novel viral RNA is then transferred to the cytoplasm for translation and subsequent protein synthesis.

Duck hepatitis B virus has provided a basis for the use of vaccines and prophylactic treatments for individuals at high risk of human Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The virus has also provided as a useful animal model in the absence of one from the HBV, and as scaffold for the development of chimeric virus-like particles.

References 

Hepadnaviridae
Animal viral diseases
Hepatitis B virus
Poultry diseases
Pygmy fruit bat

The pygmy fruit bat (Aethalops alecto), also known as the grey fruit bat, is a species of megabat.

Distribution
Three specimens were collected in April 1995 from Bario highlands in Sarawak. A. alecto is confined to montane forest above 1000 m from Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Java. In Borneo it had been recorded at Mount Kinabalu and Crocker Range in Sabah; Gunung Mulu and Bareo in Sarawak (Payne et al. 1985 ).

Biology and ecology
Two adult females and an adult male collected from Bario were in a non-reproductive condition. Kitchener et al. (1990) reported a pregnant female collected on Lombok Island in October. Hill (1961) observed pregnancy in February and May in Peninsular Malaysia. Medway (1978) recorded that the months between February and June was the breeding period for the species.  This species appears to be confined to montane forest above 1,000 m (Payne et al. 1985).

External measurements
3 samples.  FA = 43.70–48.00, TL = none, EL = 10.00–12.00, TB = 15.30–17.00, WT = 12.00–18.00.
Measurements are referenced from Diaz. Measurements are without scale, but can only be millimeters. FA = Forearm Length, TL = Tail Length, EL = Ear Length, HFL = Hind Foot Length, TB is not described, and WT = usually W, is weight in grams.

Further measurements are referenced according to Barquez.
Measurements are referenced as GLS = Greater Length of Skull, Condylobasal Length (CBL), Least Interorbital Breadth (LIB), Zygomatic Breadth (ZB), Postorbital Constriction (PC), Breadth of Braincase (BB), Length of Maxillary Toothrow (LMxT), Palatial Length (PL), Mastoid Breadth (MB), Length of Mandibular Toothrow (LMdT), Length of Mandible (LM), Width across Upper Canines (CC), and Width across Upper Molars (MM).

References

 Hall LS, Gordon G. Grigg, Craig Moritz, Besar Ketol, Isa Sait, Wahab Marni and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Biogeography of fruit bats in Southeast Asia. Sarawak Museum Journal LX(81):191–284
 Karim, C., A.A. Tuen and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Mammals. Sarawak Museum Journal Special Issue No. 6. 80: 221–234.
 Mohd. Azlan J., Ibnu Maryanto, Agus P. Kartono and M.T. Abdullah. 2003 Diversity, Relative Abundance and Conservation of Chiropterans in Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sarawak Museum Journal 79: 251–265.
 Hall LS, Richards GC, Abdullah MT. 2002. The bats of Niah National Park, Sarawak. Sarawak Museum Journal. 78: 255–282.
Bat World Sanctuary
Bat Conservation International
ITIS

Aethalops
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Indonesia
Bats of Malaysia
Mammals of Borneo
Fauna of Java
Fauna of Sumatra
Sarawak
Least concern biota of Asia
Mammals described in 1923
Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas
Dyacopterus

Dyacopterus is a genus of megabats from south-east Asia. It contains three species, namely:

Brooks's dyak fruit bat, Dyacopterus brooksi
Dayak fruit bat, Dyacopterus spadiceus
Rickart's dyak fruit bat, Dyacopterus rickarti

References

 
Mammals of Asia
Bat genera
Black-capped fruit bat

The black-capped fruit bat (Chironax melanocephalus) is a species of megabat in the monotypic genus Chironax.

Distribution
Seven specimens of C. melanocephalus were collected from the lowland forest at Kubah and Lambir, and beach forest at Samunsam, Sarawak, Borneo. The specimen that was mist-netted in Kubah National Park on 12 July 1995 was a first record for Sarawak (Abdullah et al. 1997). According to Payne et al. (1985) the distribution of C. melanocephalus in Borneo is only known from Sepilok in Sabah and Temburong in Brunei. The range includes Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi (Payne et al. 1985).

Biology and ecology
The habitat where it was caught was lowland mixed dipterocarp forest. Two specimens were caught in the understory of primary dipterocarp forest in Kubah National Park; one from the understory of mixed beach forest habitat in Samunsam Wildlife Sanctuary; and four from the canopy (between 15 and 30 m) of the primary dipterocarp forest in Lambir Hills National Park. These sites are new distributional records for C. melanocephalus in Sarawak and have extended the range of the species to the western part of Borneo. The bat normally roosts in small groups in tree ferns and in shallow caves (Payne et al. 1985).

All C. melanocephalus caught were adults, three males and four females. Two were in non-reproductive condition and others were in various reproductive stages. A female (MTA96041) caught on 21 May 1996 from Kubah was pregnant. In November 1996, two females caught in Lambir Hills National Park were in post-lactating condition, suggesting recent detachment or loss of juveniles. A male caught at the same site was observed to have enlarged testes. Medway (1978) recorded pregnant females in February and April in the upland area of Cameron highlands in Peninsular Malaysia.

References

 Hall LS, Gordon G. Grigg, Craig Moritz, Besar Ketol, Isa Sait, Wahab Marni and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Biogeography of fruit bats in Southeast Asia. Sarawak Museum Journal LX(81):191-284.
 Karim, C., A.A. Tuen and M.T. Abdullah. 2004. Mammals. Sarawak Museum Journal Special
Issue No. 6. 80: 221—234.
 Mohd. Azlan J., Ibnu Maryanto, Agus P. Kartono and M.T. Abdullah. 2003 Diversity, Relative
Abundance and Conservation of Chiropterans in Kayan Mentarang National Park, East
Kalimantan, Indonesia. Sarawak Museum Journal 79: 251-265.
 Hall LS, Richards GC, Abdullah MT. 2002. The bats of Niah National Park, Sarawak. Sarawak Museum Journal. 78: 255-282.

External links
Chironax

Megabats
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Indonesia
Bats of Malaysia
Bat, Black-capped fruit
Bat, Black-capped fruit
Bat, Black-capped fruit
Least concern biota of Asia
Mammals described in 1825
List of Scouts

This is a list of notable Scouts and Scouters.

Africa

Ghana

Kenya

Libya

Morocco

Rwanda

South Africa

Asia

Bangladesh

Cambodia

China

Hong Kong

India

Indonesia

Iran

Japan

Korea

Maldives

Philippines

Singapore

Sri Lanka

Thailand

Vietnam

Vietnamese Scouting in exile

Eurasia

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Europe

Austria

Belgium

Czech Republic

Denmark

France

Greece

Hungary and Hungarian Scouting

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Serbia

Sweden

Switzerland

Turkey

United Kingdom

Baden-Powell Scouts Association

Girlguiding UK

The Scout Association

Latin America

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Cuba

Ecuador

Mexico

Peru

Venezuela

Middle East

Egypt

Israel

Lebanon

Syria

North America

Bahamas

Canada

United States

Girl Scouts of the USA
These notable individuals were in the Girl Scouts of the USA (GSUSA). Also see Gold Award recipients.

Boy Scouts of America

These notable individuals were in the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). Also see the lists of Eagle Scouts, Recipients of the Silver Buffalo Award, Chief Scout Executives, National presidents of the Boy Scouts of America and National Commissioner.

Honorary Scouts
In 1911, President William Howard Taft accepted the position of honorary president of the BSA, and each U.S. president since has served. Theodore Roosevelt was the only honorary vice-president, as he had left office before the honorary presidency began.

In 1927, the Boy Scouts of America created Honorary Scouts to distinguish "American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...". The eighteen who were awarded this distinction were:

Puerto Rico

Oceania

Australia

New Zealand

See also

 List of Alpha Phi Omega members

Notes

External links

References
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Scouting and Guiding by country
Canadian (disambiguation)

Canadians are people identified with the country of Canada.

Canadian also commonly refers to:

 Something of, from, or related to Canada, a country
Canadian cuisine
Canadian English

Canadian may also refer to:

Geography

Rivers
Canadian River, United States, the largest tributary of the Arkansas River, in the southwestern United States
Canadian River (Colorado), United States, a tributary of the North Platte River
North Canadian River, United States, originating in northeast New Mexico

Cities
Canadian, Oklahoma, United States, a town in Pittsburg County
Canadian County, Oklahoma, United States
Canadian, Texas, United States, a city in Hemphill County
Canadian Lakes, Michigan, United States, an unincorporated community located in Mecosta County
Canadian, Victoria, 3350 Australia

Other uses
Canadian (canoe), a kind of canoe
The Canadian (train), a Canadian transcontinental passenger train with service between Toronto and Vancouver
Canadian (NYC train), an earlier international passenger train with service first between Chicago and Montreal
Canadian Airlines, a defunct airline of Canada
Canadian horse, a breed of horse, an official Canadian animal symbol
Canadian, a type of bet covering five selections and also known as a "Super Yankee"
The Canadian (film), a 1926 American silent film
Molson Canadian, a popular brand of beer produced by Molson Coors Brewing Company
Sherbrooke Canadians, a minor-league baseball team during the 1946 season

See also

Canadien
Montreal Canadiens, an NHL hockey team
Canadiana
Canadien (disambiguation)
Canada (disambiguation)

Language and nationality disambiguation pages
David Jacobs (writer)

David Arnold Jacobs (August 12, 1939 – August 20, 2023) was an American television writer, producer, and director. He is most well known as the creator of the CBS primetime series Dallas, Knots Landing, and Paradise.

Life and career
David Jacobs was born on August 12, 1939 in Baltimore, Maryland, the elder of two children (with a younger sister named Susan) to Melvin and Ruth Jacobs. His Jewish parents were of modest means, and Jacobs's father worked as a household appliance salesman. Jacobs was educated at Baltimore City College High School, and received a BFA from the Maryland Institute College of Art. Soon after graduation, he moved to New York City, where he worked as an illustrator and researcher for Grolier's Encyclopedia. He soon branched out as a freelance writer of nonfiction articles, the best known of which concerned the architect and inventor Buckminster Fuller. He also wrote a children's book on the great artists of the Renaissance.. In 1975 he co-wrote  the non-fiction book "Police, a Precinct at Work", with Sara Ann Friedman. The book was a series of stories based upon 6 months of the authors' ride-alongs with police from NYPD's 24th precinct.

His marriage to actress Lynn Pleshette produced one child, his daughter Albyn, but ended in divorce. Later, he married his second wife Diana, with whom he had two children, Aaron and Molly. Jacobs moved to Los Angeles to be closer to his daughter, and tried his hand at screenwriting. His script for a proposed unnamed pilot mini series was later named Dallas.  The mini series was so successful that the show was picked up as an on-going series and cemented his career as a writer and producer.

Jacobs battled Alzheimer's disease in later years. He died of complications from a series of infections at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank, California, on August 20, 2023. He was 84.

Filmography

References

External links
 
 
 David Jacobs at Columbia College Hollywood

1939 births
2023 deaths
American soap opera writers
American male television writers
American television writers
American television producers
Jewish American writers
Showrunners
Writers from Baltimore
Maryland Institute College of Art alumni
Screenwriters from Maryland
21st-century American Jews
People with Alzheimer's disease
Dusky fruit bat

The dusky fruit bat (Penthetor lucasi) is a species of bat found in Indonesia and Malaysia.

Dusky fruit bats are species found in Southeast Asia that serve as pollinators and seed dispersers in their ecosystem. Dusky fruit bats are considerably excellent seed dispersers due to their ability to travel long distances.

References

Megabats
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Indonesia
Bats of Malaysia
Mammals of Borneo
Mammals of Brunei
Mammals of Hong Kong
Fauna of Sumatra
Least concern biota of Asia
Mammals described in 1880
Taxa named by George Edward Dobson
Testa

Testa  may refer to:

 Testa (botany), a term to describe the seed coat
 Testa (surname)
 Testa, Hurwitz & Thibeault, a former Boston law firm
 11667 Testa, a main-belt asteroid discovered in 1997
 Testa (ceramics), fired clay material, especially crushed brick used in mortar
 Trans European Services for Telematics between Administrations
 Trebatius Testa (fl. 1st century BC), jurist of ancient Rome
 Tesch & Stabenow, a German chemical company notable for its role in the Holocaust

See also
 Head (disambiguation), testa being the Italian word for head
 Testarossa (disambiguation)
Piper's Hill (Kettering BC Ward)

Piper's Hill Ward is a 2-member ward within Kettering Borough Council which is statistically regarded as a marginal ward between Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives. The ward was last fought at borough council level in the 2015 local council elections, in which one seat was won by the Conservatives and one seat was won by Labour.

The current councillors are Cllr. Duncan Bain and Cllr. Anne Lee.

Councillors
Kettering Borough Council elections 2015
Duncan Bain (Conservative)
Anne Lee (Labour Party (UK))

Kettering Borough Council elections 2007
Duncan Bain (Conservative)
Philip Hollobone MP (Conservative)

Kettering Borough Council elections 2003
Ursula Jones (Conservative)
Jamie Richardson (Conservative)

Kettering Borough Council elections 1999
John Coleman (Liberal Democrat) – served as mayor from 2000 to 2001.
Fred Brown (Conservative)

Current ward boundaries (2007–)

Kettering Borough Council Elections 2007
At the 2007 elections, Piper's Hill ward was enlarged with part of the former Warkton ward, a Labour-held ward.

Historic ward boundaries (1999–2007)

Kettering Borough Council elections 2003

(Vote count shown is ward average)

Kettering Borough Council elections 1999

(Vote count shown is ward average)

See also
Kettering
Kettering Borough Council

Electoral wards in Kettering
List of high commissioners of the United Kingdom to Belize

The high commissioner of the United Kingdom to Belize is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in Belize, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission in Belize.

As fellow members of the Commonwealth of Nations, diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and Belize are at governmental level, rather than between heads of state.  Thus, the countries exchange high commissioners rather than ambassadors.

Heads of mission

High commissioners to Belize
1981–1984: Francis Trew
1984–1987: John Crosby
1987–1991: Peter Thomson
1991–1995: David Mackilligin
1995–1998: Gordon Baker
1998–2001: Timothy David
2001–2004: Philip Priestley
2004–2007: Alan Jones
2007–2008: John Yapp
2008–2013: Patrick Ashworth
2013–2018: Peter Hughes

2018–: Claire Evans

References

External links
UK and Belize – British High Commission Belmopan

Belize
 
United Kingdom
Brute (comics)

Brute, in comics, may refer to:

Marvel Comics:
Brute (Morlocks), one of the lesser known Morlocks in the main Marvel universe
Brute (Reed Richards), the name of an alternative Earth version of Mister Fantastic who became a member of the Frightful Four on True Earth
DC Comics:
Brute, a soldier character in the series Hunter's Hellcats
Brute (Sandman), a character in the series The Sandman
Brute, an antagonist who has appeared in Superman comics arresting him for the Tribunal Planet. He is the brother of Mope
Brute, a villain and a member of the Extremists
Brute (Atlas/Seaboard), a Hulk-like character from former Marvel Comics publisher Martin Goodman's Atlas/Seaboard Comics
Brute, an Image Comics character from Savage Dragon and a member of the Vicious Circle

See also
Brute (disambiguation)

References
Long-tongued nectar bat

The long-tongued nectar bat (Macroglossus minimus), also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. M. minimus is one of the smallest species in the family Pteropodidae, with an average length of 60–85 mm. It has a reddish-brown colouring with relatively long hair compared to the other species. The hair on the abdomen is a lighter colour, and a dark brown stripe runs bilaterally down the top of the head and back.

Distribution 
Its wide geographical range includes Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, southern Philippines, Java, Borneo, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and northern Australia. In Borneo, it had been recorded from Kota Kinabalu, Sepilok, Sukau, and Tawau in Sabah; Bandar Seri Begawan in Brunei; Bario, Niah and Bako in Sarawak; Gunung Kenepi, Kutai, and Sungai Tengah in Kalimantan.

M. minimus has not been recorded in colonies, which suggest they live in small groups or alone. It feeds on nectar and pollen, which it can obtain from mangroves and banana flowers in Malaysia. Ecologically, the long-tongued nectar bat plays a major role as pollinator of many trees, including the families Bignoniaceae, Bombacaceae, Leguminosae, Musaceae, Myrtaceae, and Sonneratiaceae in peninsular Malaysia. M. minimus has been recorded at elevations up to 1000 m near coastal mangroves, in dipterocarp forests, and in lower montane forests.

Biology 
Of total captures, males constituted 53% and females 47%. About 77% were adults.

Sexually active males have enlarged testes, and polyestrous females have a breeding period of 140 to 160 days. Estimates for the gestation period for M. minimus is approximately 120  days (± 10 days), lactation occurs for 60 to 70 days. In Negros Island, Philippines, females studies produced two or three young per year. The species reproduces aseasonally (throughout the year) and synchronously in response to food abundance.

External measurements 
For young bats, the forearm grows at  per day and weight is gained at  per day. A free-flying immature bat has a forearm length of  and weighs around . The length of the head and body in adults is , with the head being  in length. The length of the forearm is , and the weight is . It is shorter and lighter than Macroglossus sobrinus.

Notes

References

External links 
 Close-ups of M. minimus skulls

Macroglossus
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Oceania
Bats of Australia
Bats of Indonesia
Bats of Malaysia
Mammals of Borneo
Mammals of Brunei
Mammals of Cambodia
Mammals of Papua New Guinea
Mammals of Western New Guinea
Mammals of the Philippines
Mammals of Singapore
Mammals of the Solomon Islands
Mammals of Thailand
Mammals of Vietnam
Mammals of the Northern Territory
Mammals of Queensland
Mammals of Western Australia
Fauna of Java
Least concern biota of Asia
Least concern biota of Oceania
Mammals described in 1810
Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Bats of New Guinea
Shayban ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun

Shayban ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun (شيبان بن أحمد بن طولون) was the fifth and last vassal Emir of the Tulunids in Egypt (904-905). In 904–905 al-Muktafi invaded Egypt and reincorporated the country fully into the Abbasid Empire.

Shayban was one of the son of Ahmad ibn Tulun, he succeeded his nephew Harun ibn Khumarawayh, who was killed in a mutiny in December 904 during the invasion of Egypt by the Abbasid Caliphate. After years of mismanagement, the emirate was beyond rescue - he was forced to retreat with his army to Fustat, where on 10 January 905 he surrendered unconditionally to the Abbasid commander Muhammad ibn Sulayman al-Katib, ending the rule of the Tulunids.

References

 

10th-century Tulunid emirs
Prisoners and detainees of the Abbasid Caliphate
Tulunid emirs
Start Right Here: Remembering the Life of Keith Green

Start Right Here: Remembering the Life of Keith Green is a compilation album by various artists paying tribute to deceased American contemporary Christian music musician Keith Green. It was released in 2000.

Track listing

External links
 Phantom Tollbooth Review
 Jesus Freak Hideout Review
 Amazon.com Page

2001 compilation albums
Keith Green albums
Geoffroy's rousette

Geoffroy's rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus) is a species of megabat or Old World fruit bats. It is one of ten species in the genus Rousettus.

Distribution
Geoffroy's rousette occurs throughout Southeast Asia and in the Malesia region of Oceania, in Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Singapore, Indonesia, the island of Borneo, East Timor, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, Bismarck Archipelago, and Papua New Guinea.

Description
Like other fruit bats, R. amplexicaudatus has sensitive hearing and sense of smell and good eyesight which helps it to manoeuvre well during flight, specifically at night. What makes it different from other fruit bats is its echolocating ability. It can be distinguished by its grey-brown to brown upperpart which is darker on top of the head and paler underpart which is usually grey-brown. It has long pale hairs on the chin and neck despite having short and sparse fur. It sometimes has pale yellow tufts of hair on the side of its neck which occur in adult for this species, especially males. Most males are substantially larger than females. The most distinguishable figure of this bat besides producing a distinctive, audible clicking call is its wings. It is attached to the sides of the back and separated by a broad band of fur. The lower incisors are bifid, the canines have a longitudinal groove on the outer surface which is slightly medial to center, and the first premolars are smaller than second premolars, especially on the upper jaw.

The Sabah Museum specimens had forearm length measurements between  for the females and an adult male from Sarawak had forearms  long. The external measurements are within the range of  recorded in previous studies.

Biology and ecology
Specimens in the Sabah Museum were collected from coconut plantations on Mantani Island and the highland of Crocker Range, while the one from Sarawak was from Niah Cave.  This medium-sized bat normally roosts in caves, and feeds on fruit, nectar, and pollen. It roosts dark caves, rock crevices and old tombs.

The Monfort Bat Cave in the southern Philippines has the largest gathering of these bats.

References

External links
IUCN Red List
Rousettus on Animal Diversity Web

Rousettus
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of Oceania
Mammals of Cambodia
Mammals of Indonesia
Mammals of Laos
Mammals of Myanmar
Mammals of Papua New Guinea
Mammals of the Philippines
Mammals of the Solomon Islands
Mammals of Thailand
Mammals of Vietnam
Mammals of Singapore
Mammals of Borneo
Mammals of Timor
Mammals of Western New Guinea
Mammals described in 1810
Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Bats of New Guinea
Bare-backed rousette

The bare-backed rousette (Rousettus spinalatus) is a species of megabat.

Taxonomy and etymology
It was described as a new species in 1980 by Bergmans and Hill. The holotype was collected in 1977 in northern Sumatra. The species name "spinulatus" is from Latin spina meaning "spine" and ala meaning "wing;" the scientific name refers to the fact that the wings insert along the spine rather than the sides of the body, which is unique in the genus Rousettus.

Description
The bare-backed rousette is a small megabat with a cone-shaped snout. Its face has a number of small warts on its chin, around its mouth, and between its upper lip and eyes. Its wings are short and broad. Its forearm length is approximately . Individuals weigh .

Biology
It is nocturnal, roosting in sheltered places during the day such as caves. They navigate and potentially locate food resources using a primitive form of echolocation. They create high-pitched buzzing calls by moving the tongue against the palate. Food sources may include nectar and fruit, though it is alleged that they eat edible-nest swiftlet eggs and hatchlings, causing damage to the economically valuable nests.

Range and habitat
Its range includes Indonesia and Malaysia. It is found at elevations up to  above sea level.

Conservation
As of 2008, it is evaluated as a vulnerable species by the IUCN.

References

Rousettus
Bats of Malaysia
Mammals of Brunei
Mammals of Borneo
Mammals of Indonesia
Fauna of Sumatra
Mammals described in 1980
Deborah Rennard

Deborah Rennard is an American actress, writer and producer, best known for her role as Sly Lovegren in Dallas (1981–1991).

Life and career
Rennard was born in Los Angeles, California. In 1981 she was cast in a recurring role on Dallas as J.R. Ewing's loyal secretary Sylvia "Sly" Lovegren. She appeared in the series from 1981 to 1991 and later was cast in the 1996 film J.R. Returns. After Dallas, she had role in daytime soap operas Days of Our Lives and Sunset Beach, and guest starred on Silk Stalkings, Kung Fu: The Legend Continues, and Due South. In film, Rennard played the leading role as Harmony in the 1986 science fiction action film Land of Doom. She starred as Cynthia alongside Jean-Claude Van Damme in the 1990 martial arts film Lionheart. She later appeared in films Kazaam (1996) and Gang Related (1997). She left acting and as of late 1990s began career as stage producer. She co-produced the short-lived 1997 CBS crime drama series EZ Streets and the 2007 crime drama film In the Valley of Elah.

Rennard met her feature husband, Academy Awards-winning director Paul Haggis, during the filming of Due South in 1994. In 1997, Rennard married Haggis. They divorced in 2016. She grew up in the Church of Scientology and privately left the faith around the time of his highly contentious exit from the church. She said the end of their marriage happened for other reasons, unrelated to the church exit.

After the divorce, Rennard returned to acting appearing in an episodes of FBI: Most Wanted and Law & Order in 2022. In 2023, she played lead character's mother in the horror-comedy film Appendage.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

American television actresses
Living people
American soap opera actresses
American film actresses
20th-century American actresses
Actresses from Los Angeles
21st-century American actresses
Year of birth missing (living people)
Leschenault's rousette

Leschenault's rousette (Rousettus leschenaultii) is a species of fruit bat. The scientific name of the species was first published by Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest in 1820.

Description 
Leschenault's rousette is brown to grey-brown in colour with lighter underparts. It has long pale hairs under the chin, an elongated muzzle and large dark eyes. The head and body length measures , the tail length measures  and the forearm length is about .

Habits and habitat 
This bat species is found in a variety of habitats ranging from tropical forests to urban environments. It roosts in caves, old abandoned buildings and tunnels, and other such structures. A colony of this animal can contain up to several thousand individuals. It feeds on fruits, nectar and flowers. Leschenault's rousette is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia from Iran to Bali, Java and Sumatra.

References

External links

Rousettus
Bats of South Asia
Bats of Southeast Asia
Bats of India
Fauna of Hong Kong
Mammals described in 1820
List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Bosnia and Herzegovina is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission in Sarajevo.  The official title is His Britannic Majesty's Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina.

List of heads of mission

Ambassadors to Bosnia and Herzegovina
1992–1994: Robert Barnett
1994–1996: Bryan Hopkinson
1996–1998: Charles Crawford
1998–2001: Graham Hand
2001–2005: Ian Cliff
2005–2008: Matthew Rycroft
2008–2011: Michael Tatham
2011–2014: Nigel Casey
2014–2018: Edward Ferguson

2018–2022: Matthew Field
2022–: Julian Reilly

References
Previous Ambassadors, UK in Bosnia and Herzegovina via The National Archives

External links
UK and Bosnia and Herzegovina, gov.uk

Bosnia and Herzegovina
 
United Kingdom
Basin Electric Power Cooperative

Basin Electric Power Cooperative is a wholesale electric generation and transmission cooperative based in North Dakota that provides electricity to 3 million customers in nine U.S. states.  The roots of the cooperative go back to 1960 when Leland Olds and ten power suppliers created Giant Power Cooperative.  Giant Power was first going to be a generation and transmission cooperative, but to keep electricity cheaper for rural customers, Basin Electric Power Cooperative was started in 1961.  Today, Basin Electric's power sources include coal, natural gas, hydroelectric, wind, waste heat, and nuclear. The current CEO and General Manager is Todd Telesz. A subsidiary of Basin Electric, Dakota Gasification Company, operates the Great Plains Synfuels Plant, which captures and sequesters nearly 50% of its carbon dioxide emissions in a system developed during the Carter administration. In 2005, the membership of Basin Electric passed a resolution requiring 10 percent of electricity demand to be provided by renewable forms of energy. At the end of 2009, Basin Electric finished construction on a 77 turbine wind energy project.

Member cooperatives

Direct purchasing
Grand Electric Cooperative - Bison, South Dakota
KEM Electric Cooperative - Linton, North Dakota
Minnesota Valley Cooperative Light & Power Association - Montevideo, Minnesota
Minnesota Valley Electric Cooperative - Jordan, Minnesota
Mor-Gran-Sou Electric Cooperative - Flasher, North Dakota
Powder River Energy Corporation - Sundance, Wyoming
Roughrider Electric Cooperative - Hazen, North Dakota
Rosebud Electric Cooperative - Gregory, South Dakota
Wright-Hennepin Cooperative Electric Association - Rockford, Minnesota

G&T
Central Power Electric Cooperative - Minot, North Dakota
Central Montana Electric Power Cooperative - Great Falls, Montana
Corn Belt Power Cooperative - Humboldt, Iowa
East River Electric Power Cooperative - Madison, South Dakota
L & O Power Cooperative - Rock Rapids, Iowa
Northwest Iowa Power Cooperative - LeMars, Iowa
Rushmore Electric Power Cooperative - Rapid City, South Dakota
Upper Missouri G&T Electric Cooperative - Sidney, Montana
Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association - Denver, Colorado

Class D Members
Flathead Electric Cooperative - Kalispell & Libby, Montana
Wyoming Municipal Power Agency - Lusk, Wyoming

States served by Basin Electric
Colorado
Iowa
Minnesota
Montana
Nebraska
New Mexico
North Dakota
South Dakota
Wyoming

Subsidiary companies
Basin Telecommunications Inc.
Basin Cooperative Services
Dakota Gasification Company 
Dakota Coal Company
Montana Limestone Company
Prairie Winds ND 1, Inc.
Prairie Winds SD 1, Inc.
Souris Valley Pipeline Ltd.

Board of directors

Source:

External links
Basin Electric Power Cooperative website

References

Electric cooperatives in North Dakota
Electric generation and transmission cooperatives in the United States
Companies based in North Dakota
Dollard, Saskatchewan

Dollard is an unincorporated community, within the Rural Municipality of Arlington No. 79, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is situated on the historic Red Coat Trail in the southwest corner of the province, 13 km west of the town of Shaunavon and 21 km east of the town of Eastend. It is approximately 100 km from the Montana USA border and 130 km to the Alberta border.

History

By 1908 enough French speaking settlers had arrived in the region to establish a community which they named Valroy (Val Roy). The name was later changed to Dollard. The name Dollard was chosen by Father Louis-Pierre Gravel (the founder of Gravelbourg) to honour the memory of a hero of New France, Adam Dollard, Sieur des Ormeaux.

A post office was established in 1909 and in 1911 the church of Sainte-Jeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc) was built. A store soon followed and then a school in 1912.

The post office closed in 1988.

Demographics 
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Dollard had a population of 20 living in 11 of its 14 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 5. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

Dollard in popular culture 

The character Wanda Dollard from the Canadian comedy television series Corner Gas is named for this town.

See also 

 List of communities in Saskatchewan

References

Arlington No. 79, Saskatchewan
Designated places in Saskatchewan
Former villages in Saskatchewan
Unincorporated communities in Saskatchewan
French communities
Division No. 4, Saskatchewan