alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Purari

Purari may refer to:
Purari River, Papua New Guinea
Purari language, a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea
Dan Milisavljevic

Dan Milisavljevic (born January 31, 1980) is a Canadian astronomer and assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Purdue University.

Milisavljevic received his undergraduate education at McMaster University, where he was enrolled in the prestigious McMaster Arts and Science Programme. Upon graduation in 2004, he was awarded the Commonwealth Scholarship to study at the London School of Economics. There he pursued an MSc in the Philosophy and History of Science, and completed a dissertation on the interpretation of quantum mechanics. In June 2011, Milisavljevic obtained a PhD in physics and astronomy from Dartmouth College. Afterwards, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Astrophysics  Harvard & Smithsonian before joining the faculty at Purdue.

Milisavljevic specializes in observational work in supernovae and supernova remnants. He is also known for aiding in the discovery of Uranus's moons Ferdinand, Trinculo, and Francisco; and Neptune's moons Halimede, Sao, Laomedeia and Neso.

References

External links
 Personal Homepage of Dan Milisavljevic at Dartmouth College

Alumni of the London School of Economics
21st-century Canadian astronomers
Canadian expatriate academics in the United States
Dartmouth College alumni
McMaster University alumni
Living people
1980 births
August Neo

August "Ago" Neo (12 February 1908 – 19 August 1982) was an Estonian wrestler who won two medals at the 1936 Summer Olympics: a silver medal in the freestyle wrestling and a bronze in Greco-Roman wrestling. His achievements were underscored by teammate Kristjan Palusalu, who won two gold medals in wrestling at the same games. Neo also won five medals in both wrestling styles at the European championships in 1934–1939.

Neo took up wrestling in 1928 and in 1931 placed fourth at European championships. He missed the 1932 Olympics because Estonia did not send an ample team to Los Angeles due to the Great Depression. During World War II he retired from wrestling and emigrated to Sweden. There he founded a small transport company and worked as a truck driver. He died in 1982 in Denmark, on the way from Germany to Sweden. Neo was first buried at Stockholm, but in 1998 reburied at the Metsakalmistu cemetery in Tallinn, Estonia.

References

External links
 
 
 
 
 

1908 births
1982 deaths
People from Lääne-Harju Parish
People from Kreis Harrien
Olympic wrestlers for Estonia
Wrestlers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Estonian male sport wrestlers
Olympic silver medalists for Estonia
Olympic bronze medalists for Estonia
Olympic medalists in wrestling
Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
European Wrestling Championships medalists
Estonian World War II refugees
Estonian emigrants to Sweden
Burials at Metsakalmistu
20th-century Estonian people
Chopaka Lake

Chopaka Lake is a lake in Okanogan County, Washington. It covers an area of approximately , is over 70 ft (21 m) deep at its deepest point, and is 2,910 ft (886 m) in elevation. The lake's name is that of a legendary Okanogan hunter who was transformed to stone by Coyote.  It serves as an irrigation reservoir for local ranchers. Chopaka Lake is a favorite among fly fishers who cast for rainbow trout.

See also
Chopaka, British Columbia
Mount Chopaka

References

External links
Chopaka Lake pictographs
Chopaka Lake fly-fishing report
Chopaka Lake page, Bureau of Land Management

Lakes of Washington (state)
Lakes of Okanogan County, Washington
Protected areas of Okanogan County, Washington
Bureau of Land Management areas in Washington (state)
Alexander van Millingen

Prof Alexander van Millingen DD (1840–1915) was a scholar in the field of Byzantine architecture, and a professor of history at Robert College, Istanbul between 1879 and 1915. His works are now public domain in many jurisdictions.

Life
He was born in Constantinople the third son of Dr Julius Michael Millingen, court physician to the Sultan, and his wife Zafira Ralli. He was educated at the Protestant College on the island of Malta and then at Blair Lodge Academy at Polmont in central Scotland. He then took a general degree at the University of Edinburgh graduating with a BA in 1861 and an MA in 1862. He then studied divinity at New College, Edinburgh qualifying in 1866. He was then licensed by the Presbytery of the Free Church of Scotland at Dunkeld.

Having a clear wanderlust he was ordained at the Scottish Church in Genoa in north Italy in 1868. He stayed one year before being translated to Pera on the outskirts of Constantinople. He was appointed Professor of English Literature at Robert's College in the city in 1878.

He died at Jervis Wood in Tunbridge Wells in Kent on 7 September 1915.

Family
He married twice in later life. In July 1879 he married Antoinette Cora Welch, widow of Truman Thomson, of Newhaven, Connecticut. She died at sea in November 1892. In September 1895 he married Frances Elizabeth Hope Mackenzie at St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh. She was the daughter of Henry Somerset Mackenzie (b.1870), a judge in the East India Company. Thirty years his junior she lived at 16 Moray Place on the Moray Estate at the time of the marriage. She died in 1929 in Barnet, London. They had three sons.

His sister was Evelina van Millingen, later the Countess Pisani.

Selected publications

References

External links

 
 
 
 https://web.archive.org/web/20081006223348/http://www.boun.edu.tr/about/museum.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070927233858/http://isbndb.com/d/person/van_millingen_alexander.html

American Byzantinists
1840 births
1915 deaths
English people of Dutch-Jewish descent
The Echo of Thunder

The Echo of Thunder is an Australian family drama film, released for television in 1998. It is based on the novel Thunderwith by Australian children's author Libby Hathorn. It was aired on CBS in the United States as a Hallmark Hall of Fame presentation.

Plot 
The film is a story of a man Larry Ritchie, who lives with his second wife and three kids on an Australian farm in the Wallingat Forest NSW. He learns about the fatal illness of his first wife which leaves his eldest daughter, Lara, alone in the world. Larry decides to take the girl into his home, but his new family doesn't like the idea. The mother Gladwyn is possessive of Larry and their three children, Pearl, Opal and Jasper. Lara seeks solace with a mysterious dog she names Thunderwith that appears from time to time on the property. The dog seems to the girl to be a link to her beloved mother and an important companion. The story concentrates on the relationship between mother Gladwyn and stepdaughter, as Lara is slowly accepted into the family.

Production 
The film was shot in Mount Beauty, Victoria and directed by Simon Wincer. Hallmark Channel produced the movie and the story undertook several changes for example the four Ritchie children became only three on the set. Judy Davis, who played the mother Gladwyn was nominated for an Emmy for her performance in the movie. At the 20th Youth in Film Awards, the film was nominated for Best Performance in a TV Movie / Pilot / Made-for-Video: Young Ensemble and Best Family TV Movie / Pilot / Mini-Series.

Cast
 Jamey Sheridan as Larry Ritchie
 Judy Davis as Gladwyn Ritchie
 Lauren Hewett as Lara Ritchie
 Chelsea Yates as Pearl Ritchie
 Emily Browning as Opal Ritchie
 Ben and James Hanson as Jasper Ritchie
 Michael Caton as Bill Gadrey
 Ernie Dingo as Neil

References

External links

1998 television films
1998 films
1998 drama films
Hallmark Hall of Fame episodes
Australian drama television films
Films directed by Simon Wincer
Films scored by Laurence Rosenthal
1990s English-language films
1990s Australian films
Frederic A. Gibbs

Frederic Andrews Gibbs (1903–1992) was an American neurologist who was a pioneer in the use of electroencephalography (EEG) for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy.

Gibbs graduated from Yale and Johns Hopkins in 1929. He was offered a fellowship in neuropathology by Stanley Cobb, of Harvard Medical School. He studied epilepsy in the same laboratory as William G. Lennox and Erna Leonhardt.

Erna Leonhardt was Lennox's technical co-worker and had come to Boston as an immigrant from Germany. She married Gibbs in 1930 and they formed a research team that would last a lifetime, publishing papers together over the next fifty-odd years.

The electroencephalograph was primitive in the early 1930s, having only one channel. In 1935, Gibbs asked Albert Grass (an MIT graduate) to build a three-channel EEG. Grass built the machine in his father's basement with the help of his brother. In the same year, Erna and Frederic Gibbs traveled to Europe to attend a conference and visit Hans Berger, the inventor of the EEG.

In 1944, they moved to University of Illinois School of Medicine, and Frederic Gibbs was promoted to professor in the epilepsy clinic.

The Gibbs published the book Atlas of Electroencephalography in 1941, with a second edition in 1951. Their book valued the subjective and experienced eye of an electroencephalographer over objective mechanical or mathematical analysis.

Frederic Gibbs was jointly (with William Lennox) awarded the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 1951.

Erna Gibbs died in 1987.

Further reading

References

Footnotes

American neurologists
Yale University alumni
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Harvard Medical School people
1903 births
1992 deaths
Recipients of the Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
Association for Protection of Landowners' Rights

The Association of Professionals on Land and Realty (former Association for Protection of Landowners' Rights (APLR) (Georgian: მიწისა და უძრავი ქონების პროფესიონალთა ასოციაცია) is Georgian non-governmental, not-for-profit organization. The mandate of the organization is to facilitate the development, regulation and transparency of Georgian land (real estate) markets.  With its active participation in the land reform program, legislative initiatives, and close monitoring of existing legislation, APLR represents one of the main participants in the real estate market regulation field in Georgia (country); it is also an organization with an established reputation and prominence in the South Caucasus region.

History 
APLR was founded in 1996 by a group of landowners' rights activists. Soon after establishment, the organization became a primary advocacy group for Georgian land users, and already in 1997, started to play an active role in land reform, formulating policies for land privatization in Georgia.

Activities 
Today, APLR offers a wide variety of services to its clients and partners, both national and international.  Services include advocacy / legal consulting, legal drafting, real estate registration, resettlement assistance.  In partnership with USAID, APLR has registered and titled around 2.4 million land parcels in Georgia.  In cooperation with BP, APLR has played an important role in land acquisition which was essential for realization of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline in Georgia. 

One of the achievements of APLR was a successful lobbying effort that led to the adoption of the legislation enabling privatization of state-owned agricultural lands, which was considered to be a key legislative act for the development of Georgian agriculture.

External links 
Official webpage of APLR

Political organisations based in Georgia (country)
Landowners' organizations
Tim Moore

Tim Moore may refer to:

Politicians
 Tim Moore (North Carolina politician) (born 1970), American politician from North Carolina
 Tim Moore (Michigan politician) (born 1967), State House Representative for the 97th District of Michigan
 Tim Moore (Australian politician) (born 1948), New South Wales politician
 Tim Moore (Kentucky politician) (born 1966), House of Representative member from Kentucky

Others
 Tim Moore (comedian) (1887–1958), American actor, vaudeville and television comedian
 Tim Moore (writer) (born 1964), British travel writer and humorist
 Tim Moore (singer-songwriter), American songwriter who released five solo albums on Elektra Records
 Tim Moore (diver) (born 1953), American diver
 Timothy Moore (1922-2003), English composer

See also
 Tim (disambiguation)
 Moore (surname)
River Alyn

The River Alyn () is a tributary of the River Dee in north-east Wales. It rises at the southern end of the Clwydian hills and the Alyn Valley forms part of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The main town on the river is Mold, the county town of Flintshire. It lends its name to the constitutencies of Alyn and Deeside in the UK Parliament and the Senedd.

The River Alyn crosses the carboniferous limestone from Halkyn Mountain and north through the Loggerheads area before heading southeast, passing through Mold before reaching its confluence with the River Dee northeast of Wrexham.

Between Loggerheads and Rhydymwyn it runs through the Alyn Gorge, which is the site of the caves Ogof Hesp Alyn, Ogof Hen Ffynhonnau and Ogof Nadolig. It mainly runs across a limestone surface, creating potholes and underwater caves, into which the river flows through some of the summer, when water levels have decreased significantly. For parts of this stretch the river bed is dry for most of the year.

Flows in the River Alyn are significantly affected by mining, particularly the Milwr mine drainage tunnel which diverts a sizeable amount (23 million gallons of water per day.) of the River Alyn out of its catchment and into the Dee estuary at Bagillt.

References

External links
 The River Alyn
 Google maps confluence with River Dee
www.geograph.co.uk : photos of the River Alyn and surrounding areas

Alyn
Alyn
1Alyn
Rivers of Wrexham County Borough
Joel Johnston

Joel Raymond Johnston (born March 8, 1967, in West Chester, Pennsylvania) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher. He played five seasons for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Kansas City Royals and Boston Red Sox. He was , 220 pounds, and he also threw and batted right-handed. Johnston attended Marple Newtown High School and Penn State University.

Career
Johnston was drafted in the 3rd round of the 1988 amateur entry draft by the Royals. Less than 5 seasons later, on September 5, 1991, he made his major league debut at the age of 24. Perhaps his rookie season was his best season—in just over 22 innings, he gave up only one earned run for an ERA of 0.40. He also struck out 21 batters that year.

According to Baseball America, in 1992 Johnston was the Royals top prospect, and was also number 59 on Baseball America's 1992 Top 100 Prospects list.

After his promising rookie season, Johnston pitched in just 5 games in , posting an ERA of 13.50. After the season Johnston was traded to the Pirates with pitcher Dennis Moeller for second baseman José Lind, and he rebounded to an ERA of 3.38 in 33 games. However, after brief trials producing poor ERAs of 29.70 (1994) and 11.25 (1995), Johnston pitched his final major league game on May 12, 1995.

In 1996, Johnston played in 18 games for the Tennessee Tomahawks of the Big South League, and in 1997 he played for the Wei Chuan Dragons of the Chinese Professional Baseball League, winning the Taiwan Series.

Personal
Johnston currently resides in Downingtown, Pennsylvania.

References

Sources

1967 births
Living people
Pennsylvania State University alumni
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Kansas City Royals players
Boston Red Sox players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Penn State Nittany Lions baseball players
Eugene Emeralds players
Baseball City Royals players
Memphis Chicks players
Omaha Royals players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Syracuse Chiefs players
Pawtucket Red Sox players
Colorado Springs Sky Sox players
Tennessee Tomahawks players
Sportspeople from West Chester, Pennsylvania
Adama Dieng

Adama Dieng (born 22 May 1950, Senegal) is a former UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and former board member of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance and a former registrar of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. He was designated an expert on human rights in Sudan on November 12, 2021 by the UN.

Life and career

Adama Dieng holds degrees in law from Dakar University (CFPA) and in international law from the Research Centre of The Hague Academy of International Law. His legal career started in Senegal where he held several positions before becoming registrar of Supreme Court of Senegal and, from 1976 to 1982, personal assistant to its president. He then served as Legal Officer of Africa for the International Commission of Jurists from 1982 to 1989, Executive Secretary (1989-1990) and Secretary-General from October 1990 to May 2000.

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan appointed him in January 2001 as the Registrar of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. He has worked as a consultant for many international organizations including UNITAR, the Organisation of African Unity, the Ford Foundation, UNESCO, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross. He is a council member of the Observatoire Panafricain de la Démocratie, a member of the executive committee of Africa Leadership Forum and a board member of the International Institute of Human Rights. Dieng, a Muslim, strongly criticized the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam, saying, among other things, that it introduced "intolerable discrimination against both non-Muslims and women".

On 17 July 2012, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appointed him the Special Adviser of the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide.

Some publications 

 L'Organisation internationale du travail et la justice sociale
 The Quest Forward - which way forward for Africa
 Democracy and the Rule of Law
 The Role of Lawyers and Judges on the International Stage
 Nature of Conflicts
 The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
 New trends in Human Rights and Corruption in Africa

References

External links 

 Entry on the IDEA Homepage
 Entry in the Contemporary Africa Database

1950 births
Living people
20th-century Senegalese lawyers
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda officials
Place of birth missing (living people)
Cheikh Anta Diop University alumni
Senegalese officials of the United Nations
Senegalese Muslims
21st-century Senegalese lawyers
Roncalli High School (Wisconsin)

Roncalli High School is a private, Catholic high school located in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, USA. It is owned by the Diocese of Green Bay. Founded in 1965 by the De La Salle Christian Brothers, Roncalli High School is named for Pope John XXIII (né Angelo Roncalli).  Roncalli offers a college-prep curriculum. In 2022, the school merged with the Catholic elementary and middle schools, becoming known as Roncalli Catholic Schools.

The school's mascot is the Jets. The gymnasium is called “Kersten Court”, also known as "the Hangar".  A Fine Arts Center for the visual and performing arts is the newest addition. The Zimmer Auditorium hosts four dramatic productions and six instrumental and choral concerts each year.

Roncalli's educational values are inspired by St. John Baptist de La Salle, St. Francis Of Assisi, St. Edith Stein, and Pope John XXIII.

The school offers AP classes, including AP chemistry, AP physics, AP human biology, AP U.S. history and AP calculus.

Notable alumni
Jim Schmitt, Former Mayor of Green Bay
Bob Ziegelbauer, Wisconsin politician
 Michael Zimmer, privacy and social media scholar

Notes and references

External links
Roncalli High School website

Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay
Educational institutions established in 1965
Catholic secondary schools in Wisconsin
Schools in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
1965 establishments in Wisconsin
Manitowoc, Wisconsin
Master T

Tony Young (born 1961), professionally known as Master T, is a Canadian television and radio personality and urban music promoter. He was born in Leeds, England, and moved to Canada with his Jamaican family in 1974.

Early life and education 
He was raised in Kitchener, Ontario, where he attended Kitchener-Waterloo Collegiate and Vocational School and met his future wife. He later studied television broadcasting at Mohawk College in Hamilton.

Career at MuchMusic 
He found work as a camera operator at MuchMusic before he and his wife created the Black Music program, X-Tendamix (later "Da Mix"). As a VJ for MuchMusic, Young (as "Master T") continued to host various programs, including Rap City, from 1990 to 2001. When he left MuchMusic, his on-air farewell party featured an exclusive live performance by Lauryn Hill.

During his time with Much, Master T was the primary promoter of the channel's Much DanceMix series of compilation CDs, and received a Diamond plaque for over one million in sales.

Post-MuchMusic career 
Since leaving MuchMusic, he has produced and promoted his own Master T's series of hip hop and reggae compilations.

In 2014, he publicly called for the "Much" television channel to return to the hands of Moses Znaimer.
Young has also hosted the syndicated radio program Wall of Sound, produced by CIDC-FM.

As of 2017, Young has been hosting the online interview and performance series RX Music LIVE, featuring past guests such as Wyclef Jean, Kardinal Offishall, Vance Joy and more.

Awards 
Young has been awarded a Toronto Bob Marley award, a Ghanaian Community Award, and a Mohawk College Alumni of Distinction award.

Bibliography
  Foreword by Shaggy.

References

External links

Living people
1961 births
Canadian people of Jamaican descent
Canadian radio hosts
English emigrants to Canada
Black Canadian broadcasters
Much (TV channel) personalities
People from Kitchener, Ontario
Canadian VJs (media personalities)
Sutton-in-Craven

Sutton-in-Craven is a village, electoral ward and (as just Sutton) a civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England that is situated in the Aire Valley between Skipton and Keighley. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, in 2001 the population was 3,480, increasing to 3,714 at the Census 2011.
The village is adjacent to Glusburn and Cross Hills, but although these three effectively form a small town, Sutton village maintains its distinct identity.

History
The village existed before 1086 as "Sutun": listed in the Domesday Book. The landowner then was Ravenkeld who was taxed on 240 acres (100 hectares) of ploughland. But lands were then given by the Norman crown to its compatriots: Robert de Romille followed by Edmund de Boyvill and then Adam de Copley.

In the 14th century, the village was known as Sutton-in-Ayrdale but became Sutton-in-Craven in 1620.

In the late 17th century Sutton-in-Craven became part of the ancient parish of Kildwick so all Sutton residents were baptised, married and buried at Kildwick Parish Church. But in 1869 Sutton was constituted as a separate ecclesiastical district. Building a church for the new parish started in 1868 and its consecration day was the feast of St. Thomas, 21 December 1869.

Sutton-in-Craven Church of England Primary School opened in 1858.

Industry
The main industry was farming of livestock until the Industrial Revolution when that was largely replaced by the textile industry. One of the oldest mills, Greenroyd Mill at Sutton Clough, was in 1815 Peter Hartley's cotton mill but only the remains of its two dams are still visible. The 1831 Census lists numerous cotton weavers. The Bairstow family were woollen manufacturers from 1838 until 1970 but a nursing home and houses now stand on the site of their mill. Only one of the original mill buildings remains today.

Transport
In 1773 the first Bingley to Skipton section of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal passed  to the north of Sutton. By 1781 the canal joined Leeds to Gargrave, and in 1816 completed the link to Liverpool.

In 1786 the Keighley and Kendal Turnpike road opened, followed in 1823 by the Blackburn to Addingham road, resulting in six stagecoaches a day passing through the area.

In 1847 the Leeds and Bradford Extension Railway opened its Shipley to Skipton section that passes  to the north of Sutton at the Kildwick and Crosshills railway station.

Landmarks
A park is opposite the Baptist Church behind the County Primary School. Sutton Clough, formerly part of the Sutton Hall Estate, is at the south of the village, and Lund's Tower and Wainman's Pinnacle are on a hill to the south-west. Craven House, the oldest village building, faces High Street and dates from the late 16th to early 17th centuries.

People 

The artist and scientific illustrator Brian Hargreaves (1935-2011) was born in Sutton.

Gallery

References

External links

Sutton-in-Craven Parish Council
Sutton-in-Craven Village Website
SUTTONsource Community Pages
Google Maps Sutton-in-Craven
Facebook on Sutton-in-Craven

Villages in North Yorkshire
Civil parishes in North Yorkshire
Craven District
Peter Cox (album)

Peter Cox is the debut solo album from Go West frontman Peter Cox. It features 11 tracks mostly written by Cox and album producer Peter-John Vettese. The album reached No. 64 on the UK Albums Chart.

Track listing
All tracks composed by Peter Cox and Peter-John Vettese; except where indicated.
 "Ain't Gonna Cry Again" 
 "If You Walk Away" (Peter Cox, Peter Lord, V. Jeffrey Smith)
 "Change" 
 "One More Kiss" 
 "I'll Be Good to You" (Peter Cox, David West, Gary Stevenson)
 "Tender Heart" (Peter Cox, Peter Lord, V. Jeffrey Smith)
 "Believe" 
 "Wanting You" 
 "The Enemy" 
 "They Whisper to Me"
 "If You Walk Away" (Cutfather & Joe Remix)

Re-issues
After the June 1998 release of the top 40 hit "What a Fool Believes", the album was re-issued by Chrysalis Records with this cover version added to the track listing.

The album was later re-issued again in 2003 (minus the track "If You Walk Away (Cutfather & Joe Remix)") with the following tracks added, including two covers:

 "In a Better World" 
 "Move On Up"
 "Closer" 
 "Parade" 
 "No Ordinary Day" 
 "Just My Imagination"

References

1997 debut albums
Chrysalis Records albums
Pop albums by English artists
Tony Young

Tony Young may refer to:

 Tony Young (director) (1917–1966), British film director and television producer
 Tony Young (politician) (born 1966), San Diego city councillor
 Tony Young (actor) (1937–2002), American film and TV actor
 Tony Young (footballer) (born 1952), English former footballer
 Tony Young (martial artist) (born 1962), African American martial artist
 Anthony M. Young, Australian mycologist
 Tony Young, Canadian television and radio personality, known as Master T

See also
 Anthony Young (disambiguation)
Sphenomandibular ligament

The sphenomandibular ligament (internal lateral ligament) is one of the three ligaments of the temporomandibular joint. It is situated medially to - and generally separate from - the articular capsule of the joint. Superiorly, it is attached to the spine of the sphenoid bone; inferiorly, it is attached to the lingula of mandible. The SML acts to limit inferior-ward movement of the mandible.

The SML is derived from Meckel's cartilage.

Anatomy 
The SML is a tough,'flat, thin band. It broadens inferiorly, measuring about 12 mm in width on average at the point of its inferior attachment.

It is derived from the perichondrium of Meckel's cartilage.

Attachments 
Superiorly, the SML is attached to the spine of the sphenoid bone (spina angularis by a narrow attachment.

Inferiorly, it is attached at to lingula of mandible and the inferior margin of the mandibular foramen.

Anatomical relations 
The lateral pterygoid muscle, auriculotemporal nerve, and the maxillary artery and maxillary vein are situated laterally to the SML (the vessels and nerve coursing betwixt the SML, and the neck of the mandibular condyle).

The chorda tympani nerve is situated medially to the SML near its upper end.

The medial pterygoid muscle is situated inferolaterally to the SML.

The inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein, and a parotid lobule are situated anteroinferiorly to the SML (all being interposed between the SML and the ramus of mandible).

The SML is pierced by the mylohyoid nerve (a branch of the inferior alveolvar nerve) and the accompanying mylohyoid artery and vein.

Any remaining space between the SML and mandible is taken up by the parotid gland. Between the SML and the pharynx are situated adipose tissue, and a pharyngeal vein.

Function 
The function of the sphenomandibular ligament is to limit distension of the mandible in an inferior direction. It is slack when the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is in closed position; it is taut when the condyle of the mandible is situated anterior to the temporomandibular ligament. The SML has about 5 mm of slack when the jaw is closed; it becomes taut when the jaw is open roughly half-way.

References

External links
 
 http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/haonline/labs/l27/070105.htm

Ligaments of the head and neck
The Very Best of Winger

The Very Best of Winger  is a compilation album of material from the American rock band Winger, released by the label Atlantic Records and the company Rhino Entertainment in October 2001.

Most of the songs on the album were collected from the first three Winger studio albums: Winger (1988), In the Heart of the Young (1990) and Pull (1993). However, one new recording called "On the Inside" was featured, and a Japanese bonus track from the Pull album called "Hell to Pay" also was included. According to Kip Winger, "On the Inside" was a leftover riff from the Pull sessions that he and Reb Beach worked into a complete song for the release of this compilation.

Paradoxically, the album has a track listing essentially in reverse chronological order, with the more recently finished the song the earlier it appears.

Reviews
Music critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine lauded the release for the publication Allmusic, stating that it proved that the group has had "some good hooks, a good guitarist in Reb Beach, nice chemistry within the band, and a knack for a power ballad". He additionally praised the album's detailed liner notes. The critic noted that among heavy-sounding "bands of the late '80s/early '90s... they were the brunt of more jokes than any of their peers", most notably on the subversive program Beavis and Butt-Head. However, in Erlewine's view, that didn't change Winger's ability to generate multiple "classics", which the album collects.

Track listing
 "On the Inside" (Kip Winger, Reb Beach) – 4:24
 "Blind Revolution Mad" (Winger, Beach) – 5:26
 "Down Incognito" (Winger, Beach) – 3:48
 "Spell I'm Under" (Winger) – 3:56
 "Who's the One" (Winger, Beach) – 5:46
 "Junkyard Dog (Tears on Stone)" (Winger, Beach) – 6:55
 "Hell to Pay" (Winger, Beach) – 3:24
 "Can't Get Enuff" (Winger, Beach) – 4:24
 "Under One Condition" (Winger, Beach) – 4:30
 "Easy Come Easy Go" (Winger) – 4:06
 "Rainbow in the Rose" (Winger, Beach) – 5:34
 "Miles Away" (Paul Taylor) – 4:15
 "Seventeen" (Winger, Beach, Beau Hill) – 4:12
 "Madalaine" (Winger, Beach) – 3:47
 "Hungry" (Winger, Beach) – 4:01
 "Headed for a Heartbreak" (Winger) – 5:15

Personnel
 Kip Winger – vocals, bass guitar, keyboards
 Reb Beach – guitars, vocals
 Rod Morgenstein – drums and percussion
 Paul Taylor – guitar, keyboards, vocals
 John Roth – guitars, vocals

See also
 Glam metal
 Winger discography

References

2001 greatest hits albums
Winger (band) albums
Albums produced by Beau Hill
Albums produced by Kip Winger
Albums produced by Mike Shipley
Atlantic Records compilation albums
Rhino Entertainment compilation albums
1962 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships

The 15th Artistic Gymnastics World Championships were held on July 3–8, 1962 in Prague, the capital of Czechoslovakia, this being the 3rd time that Prague hosted these championships.

These were the last championships China competed in until 1979. Following a 1964 vote to accept Taiwan as a member nation, China withdrew from the International Gymnastics Federation in protest. They would not rejoin until 1978.

Medallists

Men's results

Team competition

Individual all-around

Floor exercise

Pommel horse

Rings

Vault

Parallel Bars

Horizontal Bar

Women's results

Team competition

Individual all-around

Vault

Uneven bars

Balance beam

Floor exercise

Medal table

References

 www.gymn-forum.net (Archived 2009-09-03)

World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
1962 in gymnastics
International gymnastics competitions hosted by Czechoslovakia
Rzhevsky

Rzhevsky (masculine), Rzhevskaya (feminine), or Rzhevskoye (neuter) may refer to:
Poruchik Rzhevsky, a popular character of the Russian jokes, made famous by the film Hussar Ballad
Vladimir Rzhevsky (b. 1987), Russian soccer player
Rzhevsky District, a district of Tver Oblast, Russia
Rzhevskoye Microdistrict, a residential area of the city of Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia
Rzhevskoye (rural locality), a rural locality (a settlement) in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia
Rzhevsky family is a Russian noble family
Said Pasha

Said Pasha may refer to:

 Mehmed Said Pasha (1830–1914), Ottoman statesman and grand vizier
 Sa'id of Egypt (1822–1863), Wāli of Egypt and Sudan
 Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha (d. 1761), Ottoman ambassador
Hortensius (disambiguation)

Hortensius can refer to:

The ancient Roman gens (clan) Hortensia.
Quintus Hortensius (dictator), Roman dictator in 287 BC.
Quintus Hortensius Hortalus (114-50 BC), Roman orator.
Hortensius (Cicero), a lost dialogue by Cicero from 45 BC, which Augustine of Hippo says (in Confessiones) turned him to the way of philosophy
The Dutch astronomer Martin van den Hove (1605–1639), also known as Martinus Hortensius.
Hortensius crater, on the Moon, which is named after this Dutch astronomer.
Hortensius is the name of the steward in the opera La fille du régiment, by Gaetano Donizetti.
Aisea Katonivere

Ratu Aisea Cavunailoa Katonivere (died 18 April 2013) was a Fijian chief and politician who hailed from the chiefly village of Naduri from the northern Province of Macuata, where he was the Paramount Chief and Chairman of the Provincial Council.  He held the title of Caumatalevu na Turaga na Tui Macuata, which is usually abbreviated to Tui Macuata.

Political career 

In the parliamentary election of 2001, he contested the Macuata Fijian Communal Constituency for the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), but was defeated by Isireli Leweniqila of the Conservative Alliance (CAMV).  On 23 February 2006, he announced his candidacy for the Presidency or Vice-Presidency.  When the Great Council of Chiefs met on 8 March, however, it reelected Ratu Josefa Iloilo as President and Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi as Vice-President.

In June 2006, the Great Council of Chiefs chose Katonivere as one of its fourteen nominees to the Senate.  He held this position until the 2006 Fijian coup d'état.

In 2006 he was awarded a Golden Ocean Conservation Award by the World Wildlife Fund for his work on protecting marine biodiversity.

In May 2008 he lost his position as chair of the Macuata provincial council and was replaced by Isireli Leweniqila.

Succession

Katonivere died on a fishing trip when his boat capsized. He was succeeded as Tui Macuata by his younger brother, Ratu Wiliame Katonivere in 2013.

References

Year of birth missing
2013 deaths
Fijian chiefs
I-Taukei Fijian members of the Senate (Fiji)
Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua politicians
Politicians from Macuata Province
Connecticut Route 32

Route 32 is a  primary north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Connecticut, beginning in New London and continuing  via Willimantic to the Massachusetts state line, where it continues as Route 32 in that state.

Route description

Route 32 begins near Interstate 95 (about  south of the road crossing as a continuation of Water Street). It is a freeway near the interchange with I-95 then becomes a limited access highway with at-grade intersections up to the Montville Connector (designated as State Road 693) — a freeway spur connecting Route 32 to I-395. It then becomes a mostly 2-lane surface road with the exception of the overlap with Route 2 in Norwich.

It goes through the following towns: New London, Waterford, Montville, Norwich, Franklin, Lebanon ( only), Windham, Mansfield, Willington, Tolland ( only), Ellington, and Stafford. From New London to Norwich, Route 32 follows along the west bank of the Thames River.

History
Route 32 between Norwich and New London was laid out in 1670 and remained little more than an Indian trail for more than a century . The number dates from when the route was part of New England Interstate Route 32 from 1922–1932. In 1932, Connecticut stopped using the New England route system, but Route 32 kept its number as a state highway. The north and south ends were also realigned in 1932. In the south, the original New England Route 32 ran along present day Route 12 from Groton to Norwich. The modern alignment from New London to Norwich used to be part of New England Route 12. (Route 12 and Route 32 have basically swapped places south of Norwich). In the north, the original New England Route 32 used present day Route 19 from Stafford to the Massachusetts state line. The modern alignment in Stafford was known as State Highway 334 in the 1920s before being reassigned to Route 32.

Junction list

See also

New England Interstate Route 32

References

External links

 Connecticut Roads

032
Transportation in New London County, Connecticut
Transportation in Windham County, Connecticut
Transportation in Tolland County, Connecticut
Transportation in Windham, Connecticut
Primary instrument

A primary instrument is a scientific instrument, which by its physical characteristics is accurate and is not calibrated against anything else. A primary instrument must be able to be exactly duplicated anywhere, anytime with identical results.

Example
Pressure. A U tube filled with water is a primary instrument as the water column differential is unchangeable as water is a basic physical substance. It is accurate due to its nature. Similarly a liquid in glass thermometer is a primary instrument as temperature change causes change in height of mercury column differential of which is unchangeable.

Secondary instruments
Secondary instruments must be calibrated against a primary standard. For example:

a dial bourdon tube type pressure gauge must be calibrated against a water or mercury U tube to assure good accuracy.
Time. The earth moving in its orbit is primary. Clocks must be calibrated against it.

Measurement
Buffalo Stampede (RHI)

The Buffalo Stampede were a Roller Hockey International team based in Buffalo, New York that was founded in the second season of the RHI. The team played at the Buffalo Memorial Auditorium from 1994 to 1995.  The team won the 1994 RHI Murphy Cup.

On September 2, 1994, the Stampede won the Murphy Cup in their inaugural season with an 8-7 win against the Portland Rage in front of a record-setting 14,175 hometown fans at the Buffalo Memorial Auditorium.

The team folded after the 1995 season. The Phoenix Cobras moved to the Albany area and assumed all of the Stampede's player contracts. They then changed their name to the Empire State Cobras and split their games between Albany and Glens Falls, NY. The team was purchased and relocated to Buffalo where it played three more seasons as the Buffalo Wings.

All-time roster

Norm Bazin
Paul Beraldo
Chris Bergeron
Larry Blair
John Blessman
Scott Burfoot
Fred Carroll
Jason Cirone
Rick Corriveau
Pat Curcio
Joe Daly
Derek DeCosty
Bob Delorimiere
Lou Franceschetti
John Hendry
Steve Herniman
Alex Hicks
Jamey Hicks
Scott Humphrey
Tom Jaeggi
Dave Lemay
Jim MacDougal
Mark Major
Craig Martin
Chris Monzidelus
Claude Morin
Jay Neal
Tom Nemeth
Dale Reinig
Len Soccio
Jeff Triano
John Vecchiarelli
Nick Vitucci

Coaches

 Chris McSorley - 1994
 John Vecchiarelli - 1995 (Player Coach)
 Rob Ray - 1995 (Bench Coach)

Season-by-season record

Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes

References

Sports in Buffalo, New York
Roller Hockey International teams
Sports clubs and teams established in 1994
Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 1995
1994 establishments in New York (state)
1995 disestablishments in New York (state)
Phoenix Cobras
Meckel's cartilage

In humans, the cartilaginous bar of the mandibular arch is formed by what are known as Meckel's cartilages (right and left) also known as Meckelian cartilages; above this the incus and malleus are developed. Meckel's cartilage arises from the first pharyngeal arch.

The dorsal end of each cartilage is connected with the ear-capsule and is ossified to form the malleus; the ventral ends meet each other in the region of the symphysis menti, and are usually regarded as undergoing ossification to form that portion of the mandible which contains the incisor teeth.

The intervening part of the cartilage disappears; the portion immediately adjacent to the malleus is replaced by fibrous membrane, which constitutes the sphenomandibular ligament, while from the connective tissue covering the remainder of the cartilage the greater part of the mandible is ossified.

Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Younger discovered this cartilage in 1820.

Evolution
Meckel's cartilage is a piece of cartilage from which the mandibles (lower jaws) of vertebrates evolved. Originally it was the lower of two cartilages which supported the first branchial arch in early fish. Then it grew longer and stronger, and acquired muscles capable of closing the developing jaw.

In early fish and in chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fish such as sharks), the Meckelian Cartilage continued to be the main component of the lower jaw. But in the adult forms of osteichthyans (bony fish) and their descendants (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals), the cartilage is covered in bone – although in their embryos the jaw initially develops as the Meckelian Cartilage. In all tetrapods the cartilage partially ossifies (changes to bone) at the rear end of the jaw and becomes the articular bone, which forms part of the jaw joint in all tetrapods except mammals.

In some extinct mammal groups like eutriconodonts, the Meckel's cartilage still connected otherwise entirely modern ear bones to the jaw.

Additional images

References

External links
 

Skeletal system
Pharyngeal arches
Bruce Hart

Bruce Hart may refer to:

 Bruce Hart (songwriter) (1938–2006), American songwriter and screenwriter
 Bruce Hart (wrestler) (born 1950), Canadian wrestler
James Chamberlain Baker

James Chamberlain Baker (June 2, 1879 – 1969) was an American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, The Methodist Church, and the United Methodist Church, elected in 1928.

Early life 
James Chamberlain Baker was born on June 2, 1879, in Sheldon, Illinois. Of New England ancestry on both sides, he was a son of the Rev. Benjamin Webb Baker, a Civil War Chaplain.

Career 
Prior to his election to the episcopacy, Bishop Baker united with the Illinois Annual Conference of the M.E. Church in 1900.  He served as an educator, a pastor, and the organizer and head of the first Wesley Foundation in the United States, at the University of Illinois.

Bishop Baker served the California Episcopal Area, which at the time included the following Annual Conferences:  California, Southern California-Arizona, California Oriental Provisional, Hawaii Mission, Pacific Japanese Provisional, and Latin American Provisional.

Personal life 
He died in 1969.

See also 
List of bishops of the United Methodist Church

References 
Leete, Frederick DeLand, Methodist Bishops.  Nashville, The Methodist Publishing House, 1948.

American Methodist bishops
Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church
20th-century Methodist bishops
1879 births
1969 deaths
Cindy Cook

Cindy Cook is a Canadian children's entertainer. A graduate of York University's theatre program (1979), she was hired as a host on the long-running children's series  Polka Dot Door in 1981. Cindy became the longest-serving female host in the program's history.

Polka Dot Door was syndicated world-wide until 1993.
When the series ended, she continued to tour across Canada and U.S. with Polka Dot Door Live until 2010. 
Cook also toured Canada for five years as host of Bananas in Pajamas Live.

In 1990, Cook formed her own production company Time To Read Productions, creating the series Time To Read for MCTV and YTV. 
The series ran for five years and 130 episodes. She also released a CD ... Sing and Spell with Cindy Cook. 
It was produced and written by Canadian musician Willie P. Bennett and Kevin Knelman.

Based on the popularity of both series, Cook created her own stage shows for theatres, festivals, fairs, schools, libraries and corporate events.  
She continues to perform her musical shows, covering the themes of literacy, environment, and safety, along with her popular Christmas concerts, across Canada, U.S.A. and Singapore.

In 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, shows were broadcast virtually.

References

External links
 Cindy Cook

Canadian children's television personalities
Living people
Canadian women television personalities
Year of birth missing (living people)
Paul Stewart (ice hockey)

Paul Stewart (born March 21, 1953) is an American former professional ice hockey player and referee. Inducted in the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2018, he is the grandson of Bill Stewart. He played 65 games in the World Hockey Association (WHA) between 1976 and 1979, and 21 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) during the 1979–80 season. He later worked as a referee in the NHL from 1986 until 2003

Career 
Stewart played in both the World Hockey Association and the National Hockey League. He played with Mark Messier for the Cincinnati Stingers. His last season of top level professional hockey was 1979–80 with the Quebec Nordiques.

After his playing days ended, he had a lengthy career as an NHL referee, beginning in 1986. He officiated 1,010 regular season games (including Guy Lafleur's final NHL game), 49 playoff games, the 1987 Canada Cup, the 1991 Canada Cup and two All-Star games. He never wore a helmet during his officiating career. From the 1994–95 NHL season until his retirement in 2003, he wore uniform number 22.

Stewart is men's and women's league director of officiating for ECAC Hockey, and in 2012, also took on duties as a judicial and discipline consultant to the Kontinental Hockey League.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

References

External links
 

1953 births
Living people
American men's ice hockey left wingers
American ice hockey officials
Binghamton Dusters players
Binghamton Whalers players
Broome Dusters players
Boston Bruins announcers
Cape Cod Buccaneers players
Cincinnati Stingers (CHL) players
Cincinnati Stingers players
Edmonton Oilers (WHA) players
Ice hockey people from Boston
Mohawk Valley Stars players
National Hockey League officials
New Haven Nighthawks players
Penn Quakers men's ice hockey players
People from Dorchester, Massachusetts
Philadelphia Firebirds (AHL) players
Quebec Nordiques players
Undrafted National Hockey League players