alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Moore neighborhood

In cellular automata, the Moore neighborhood is defined on a two-dimensional square lattice and is composed of a central cell and the eight cells that surround it.

Name
The neighborhood is named after Edward F. Moore, a pioneer of cellular automata theory.

Importance
It is one of the two most commonly used neighborhood types, the other one being the von Neumann neighborhood, which excludes the corner cells.  The well known Conway's Game of Life, for example, uses the Moore neighborhood. It is similar to the notion of 8-connected pixels in computer graphics.

The Moore neighbourhood of a cell is the cell itself and the cells at a Chebyshev distance of 1.

The concept can be extended to higher dimensions, for example forming a 26-cell cubic neighborhood for a cellular automaton in three dimensions, as used by 3D Life. In dimension d, where , the size of the neighborhood is 3d − 1.

In two dimensions, the number of cells in an extended Moore neighbourhood of range r is (2r + 1)2.

Algorithm

The idea behind the formulation of Moore neighborhood is to find the contour of a given graph. This idea was a great challenge for most analysts of the 18th century, and as a result an algorithm was derived from the Moore graph which was later called the Moore Neighborhood algorithm.

The pseudocode for the Moore-Neighbor tracing algorithm is

 Input: A square tessellation, T, containing a connected component P of black cells.
 Output: A sequence B (b1, b2, ..., bk) of boundary pixels i.e. the contour.
 Define M(a) to be the Moore neighborhood of pixel a.
 Let p denote the current boundary pixel.
 Let c denote the current pixel under consideration i.e. c is in M(p).
 Let b denote the backtrack of c (i.e. neighbor pixel of p that was previously tested)
  
 Begin
   Set B to be empty.
   From bottom to top and left to right scan the cells of T until a black pixel, s, of P is found.
   Insert s in B.
   Set the current boundary point p to s i.e. p=s
   Let b = the pixel from which s was entered during the image scan.
   Set c to be the next clockwise pixel (from b) in M(p).
   While c not equal to s do
     If c is black
       insert c in B
       Let b = p
       Let p = c
       (backtrack: move the current pixel c to the pixel from which p was entered)
       Let c = next clockwise pixel (from b) in M(p).
     else
       (advance the current pixel c to the next clockwise pixel in M(p) and update backtrack)
       Let b = c
       Let c = next clockwise pixel (from b) in M(p).
     end If
   end While
 End

Termination condition
The original termination condition was to stop after visiting the start pixel for the second time. This limits the set of contours the algorithm will walk completely. An improved stopping condition proposed by Jacob Eliosoff is to stop after entering the start pixel for the second time in the same direction you originally entered it.

See also
 Neighbourhood (graph theory)
 King's graph
 Chain code
 Von Neumann neighborhood

References
 
 Tyler, Tim, The Moore neighborhood at cell-auto.com

Cellular automata
Limerick City (Dáil constituency)

Limerick City is a parliamentary constituency in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects 4 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

History and boundaries
The Constituency Commission proposed in 2007 that at the next general election a constituency called Limerick City be created from territory which had been in Limerick East. It was established by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2009. Limerick City was first represented at the 2011 general election.

From the 2020 general election, the constituency has comprised Limerick City and suburbs, part of County Limerick and a small part of County Tipperary. The Electoral (Amendment) (Dáil Constituencies) Act 2017 defines the constituency as:

TDs

Elections

2020 general election

2016 general election

2011 general election

See also
Dáil constituencies
Elections in the Republic of Ireland
Politics of the Republic of Ireland
List of Dáil by-elections
List of political parties in the Republic of Ireland

References

Dáil constituencies
Politics of County Limerick
Politics of Limerick (city)
2011 establishments in Ireland
Constituencies established in 2011
Dalry railway station

Dalry railway station is a railway station serving the town of Dalry, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Ayrshire Coast Line.

History 
The station was opened on 21 July 1840 by the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway. The station originally had two side platforms until the Dalry and North Johnstone Line was opened by the Glasgow and South Western Railway in 1905, when the station was remodeled with four platforms over two islands. Each new platform was  long to accommodate the increased traffic, and were accessed via gangways from a covered walkway crossing the lines from the station building.  The station also acted as the junction interchange between the line to Ayr and the original G&SWR main line to ,  and  from 1860 onwards, though the two routes actually separated a short distance to the west.

With the closure of both the Kilmarnock & North Johnstone lines to passenger traffic in 1966 and to all other traffic in 1973 (Kilmarnock line) & 1977 (North Johnstone Loop), having four lines through the station became superfluous, so the station platforms were remodelled during the line's electrification in the 1980s back to two side platforms.  The Ayrshire Coast Line was electrified by British Rail.

Services 

A typical service between Monday and Saturday is:
 Half-hourly service to 
 Hourly service to 
 Four trains per-hour to 

There are also occasional services to  Largs.  On Sundays, the Largs branch trains call hourly in each direction.

References

Notes

Sources 

 
 
 
 

Railway stations in North Ayrshire
Former Glasgow and South Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1840
Railway stations served by ScotRail
SPT railway stations
Dalry, North Ayrshire
Nowhere Man

Nowhere Man may refer to:

Music 
 "Nowhere Man" (song), a 1965 song by The Beatles
 Nowhere Man (EP), a 1966 EP by The Beatles featuring the song "Nowhere Man"
 "Nowhere Man", a song by Anti-Nowhere League from We Are...The League
 "The Nowhere Man", a song by The Veils from The Runaway Found

Film and television 
 Nowhere Man (Taiwanese TV series), 2019 crime thriller drama series by Netflix
 Nowhere Man (American TV series), 1995 drama series
 Nowhere Man (Heroes), webseries based on the TV series Heroes
 "Nowhere Man" (Law & Order), 2004 episode of Law & Order
 Nowhere Man (film), 1991 Japanese film directed by and starring Naoto Takenaka
 "Nowhere Man", episode of TV series Haven
 Nowhere Man, 1961 Soviet film starring Anatoli Papanov
 Nowhere Man, 2005 film written and directed by Tim McCann
 The Nowhere Man, 2005 film starring Lorenzo Lamas
 Jeremy Hillary Boob or the "Nowhere Man", a fictional character from the 1968 Beatles film Yellow Submarine

Literature

Comics 
 Nowhere Man (comics), a title from Virgin Comics
 Nowhere Man, manga by Yoshiharu Tsuge published in English as The Man Without Talent
 Nowhere Man, a minor DC Comics character
 Nowhere Man, a fictional character in the Malibu Comics series Protectors
 "Nowhere Man", a chapter of the manga Peace Maker

Novels 
 The Nowhere Man (Hurwitz novel), a 2017 novel by Gregg Hurwitz
 Nowhere Man, a 2010 novel by John M. Green
 Nowhere Man (Hemon novel), a 2002 novel by Aleksandar Hemon
 The Nowhere Man (Kamala Markandaya novel), a 1972 novel by Kamala Markandaya
 The Nowhere Man, a 1998 novel by Ruth Glick (writing as Rebecca York)
 Nowhere Man, a novel by Sheila Quigley
 Nowhere Man, a 2009 novel by David Gerrold

Nonfiction 
 Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon, a 2000 biography by Robert Rosen

Other uses 
 Nowhere Man, a 2004 dance/theatre work produced by Kage Physical Theatre
 Nowhere Man, a hacker who released the Virus Creation Laboratory in 1992

See also 
 Nowhere Boy, 2009 British-Canadian film about John Lennon
 Nowheremen, social reality game and web video series
 Nowhere Men, comic series by Eric Stephenson
R336 road (Ireland)



The R336 road is a regional road in County Galway in Ireland which connects the N59 road at Leenaun beside Killary Harbour – via Inverin – to the N6 and N83 in Galway,  to the southeast (map). 

On leaving the fjord in Killary Harbour at Leenaun, the road travels south between the Maumturk and Partry mountain ranges in Joyce Country and passes through the Irish speaking Gaeltacht district of Connemara, and the villages and towns of Maum (where it meets the R345 road), Maam Cross (where it crosses the N59 again), Screeb (where it meets the R340 road), Kinvara, and Costelloe (where it meets the R343 road), and the R372 road. The R336 then turns east and travels along the shore of Galway Bay, passing through Inverin, Spiddal, Furbo, Barna, Salthill, and Galway, where it joins the N6 and N83 roads.

The government legislation that defines the R336, the Roads Act 1993 (Classification of Regional Roads) Order 2012 (Statutory Instrument 54 of 2012), provides the following official description:

R336: Leenaun — An Teach Dóite — An Spidéal, County Galway — Galway

Between its junction with N59 at Leenaun in the county of Galway and its junction with N6 at Bothan na dTreabh in the city of Galway via Muintir Eoghain Thior, An Mám, Tír na Cille Theas, An Teach Dóite, Dóire Bhanbh, Camas Íochtair, Dóire an Fhéich, Casla, Na Doiriú Theas, Indreabhán, An Spidéal, Bearna and Knockaunacarragh in the county of Galway: Bóthar Bhearna, Knocknacarragh Cross, Salthill Road Upper, Seapoint Promenade, Doctor Colohan Road, Whitestrand Road, Father Griffin Road, Wolfe Tone Bridge, Flood Street, New Dock Street, Merchants Road, (and via Queen Street and Dock Road), Victoria Place, Eyre Square South, Eyre Square East, Prospect Hill (and via Bothar Uí Eithir and Forster Street), Bohermore, Cemetery Cross and Tuam Road in the city of Galway.

Proposed improvement

A 2014 County Development Plan (for the period 2015–2021) has again identified the need for an R336 upgrade, specifically between Barna and Screeb, a distance of . The plan considers the road a "a major obstacle to developing the South Connemara region and economy". The plan calls for a major realignment of the road, replacing most of the present route.

See also
Roads in Ireland
National primary road
National secondary road

References

External links
 Description of the R336 and sights along the route

Regional roads in the Republic of Ireland
Roads in County Galway
Textile (disambiguation)

Textile may refer to:
Textile, any type of material made from fibers or other extended linear materials such as thread or yarn
Textile industry, also known as the "rag trade"
Textile (markup language)
A slang term used by naturists to refer to non-nudists
The Philadelphia College of Textiles & Science (now Philadelphia University)
Nitrilimine

Nitrilimines or nitrile amides are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure R-CN-NR corresponding to the conjugate base of an amine bonded to the N-terminus of a nitrile. The dominant structure for the parent compound nitrilimine is that of the propargyl-like  in scheme 1 with a C-N triple bond and with a formal positive charge on nitrogen and two lone pairs and a formal negative charge on the terminal nitrogen. Other structures such as hypervalent , allene-like , allylic  and carbene  are of lesser relevance.

Nitrilimines were first observed in the thermal decomposition of 2-tetrazoles releasing nitrogen:

Nitrilimines are linear 1,3-dipoles represented by structures  and . A major use is in heterocyclic synthesis. E.g. with alkynes they generate pyrazoles in a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Due to their high energy, they are usually generated in situ as a reactive intermediate.

References 

Functional groups
Sabaki

Sabaki may refer to:

Sabaki River, or Athi-Galana-Sabaki River, a river in Kenya
Sabaki languages, languages of the Swahili Coast, named for the Sabaki River
Sabaki (Go), a term in the board game Go
Sabaki (shogi), a term in the board game shogi
Tai sabaki, a term from Japanese martial arts
Sabaki, an electoral ward in Magarini Constituency, Kilifi County, Kenya
E-Werk (Berlin)

E-Werk was a techno music club in Berlin, Germany that was held in a former electrical substation called Abspannwerk Buchhändlerhof. Located near Checkpoint Charlie, it was an influential club in the techno subculture from 1993 to 1997 and was eventually transformed into an all-purpose venue.

History

Techno club
The club was operated by Hille Saul, Andreas Rossmann, Ralf Regitz and Lee Waters, while permanent resident DJs were DJ Disko, DJ Clé, Jonzon, Woody, Terry Belle and English Hazel B. International DJs were invited to perform at club events. On Fridays, the "Dubmission" parties were held, with resident DJs Kid Paul and Paul Van Dyk. Van Dyk paid homage to the club in 1998 by naming the remix for one of his most notable tracks, "For An Angel", the "PvD E-Werk Club Mix".

Venue
On 24 July 1997 the substation building closed as a techno club; however, the building was refurbished and reopened in 2005. The heritage-protected area that the building is located in maintains the unique architecture that was based on the plans of architect Hans Heinrich Müller. The building, built between 1926 and 1928, was badly damaged during World War II, but in 2014 the original quadrant-shaped control room at its centre remains intact—it is considered the oldest surviving architectural remnant of Germany's electricity industry. Following refurbishment, the building is now used as a venue that spans across multiple levels.

In the 2001, the IT entrepreneur Holger Friedrich acquired the E-Werk from Bewag.

See also

List of electronic dance music venues

References

External links

Official website
Bewag verkauft E-Werk an SPM Technology

Nightclubs in Berlin
Electronic dance music venues
Kilwinning railway station

Kilwinning railway station is a railway station serving the town of Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Ayrshire Coast Line  south of Glasgow Central, as well as the Glasgow South Western Line  north of Stranraer. British Transport Police maintain an office here.

The station has the most frequent service in Ayrshire, being served by all trains on both the Ayr main line and the branches to Ardrossan Harbour and Largs, with the sole exception of 1K49 17:47 Glasgow Central to Ayr which runs non-stop from Paisley to Irvine.

History 
The station was opened on 23 March 1840 by the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway and was built as an interchange, seeing traffic coming from Glasgow, Ayr and Ardrossan (and later Largs).

Station facilities
The station is located on Byers Road about  from the town centre. There is a staffed ticket office (open Monday - Saturday 06:05 - 23:30 Sunday 08:50- 23:30), a toilet, a kiosk, a waiting room and a ticket vending machine. Train running information is offered via digital CIS displays, automated announcements, timetable posters and customer help points on each platform.  In 2012, a new 130-space car park opened. In 2019 the station went under accessibility upgrades to add lifts to a new crossbridge and step-free access to all platforms.

Station usage
The station is popular with commuters travelling to Glasgow from Ayrshire and beyond. It is the last stop before the Ayrshire Coast line splits in two, so trains stop at this station more than any other in Ayrshire.

British Transport Police

The station houses a Neighbourhood Policing Team (NPT) from the British Transport Police. Officers from Kilwinning cover all stations south of Kilwinning and north of Kilwinning until ; Police Scotland officers will cover if British Transport Police officers are not available.

Bus services
Most buses do not come into the station forecourt, but there is a bus stop  north of the station.

Services

2023
 4 trains per hour to  (2 semi-fast and 2 all stops).
 2 trains per hour to .
 1 train per hour to .
 1 train per hour to .

The Sunday service is:
 3 trains per hour to 
 2 trains per hour to 
 1 train per hour to 
 4 trains per day to

Rail and sea connections

Northern Ireland
Trains connect Ayr along the Glasgow South Western Line to Stranraer where a bus link runs: route 350 operated by Macleans Coaches (except Sundays) to Cairnryan. for onward ferries to the Port of Belfast by Stena Line and Larne Harbour by P&O Ferries.

Isle of Arran
Trains also connect along the Ayrshire Coast Line to Ardrossan Harbour for the Caledonian MacBrayne service to Brodick.

References

Notes

Sources

External links
Video footage - History of Kilwinning Station.

Railway stations in North Ayrshire
Former Glasgow and South Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1840
Railway stations served by ScotRail
SPT railway stations
Kilwinning
Gauthier

Gauthier () is a French name of Germanic origin, corresponding to the English given name Walter.

People with the given name
Gauthier de Costes, seigneur de la Calprenède
Gauthier de Brienne, Counts Walter III of Brienne, Walter IV of Brienne, Walter V of Brienne Walter VI of Brienne
Gaultier Tirel, ostensible killer of William II of England
Gauthier of Pontoise, saint
Gotye, Belgian-Australian multi-instrumentalist

People with the surname
Albert Gauthier de Clagny (1853–1927), French politician
Albert Gautier Vignal French-Monegasse fencer and diplomat
Bernard Gauthier (1924–2018), French cyclist
Cathy Gauthier, Canadian curler
Charles-Arthur Gauthier, Canadian politician
Claude Gauthier (singer), French-Canadian singer-songwriter
Cutter Gauthier, Swedish ice hockey player
Dan Gauthier, American actor
Daniel Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey player
David Gauthier, Canadian-American philosopher
Denis Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey player
Éric Gauthier (writer), Canadian science fiction writer
Eric Gauthier (dancer), Canadian-born dancer, choreographer and musician
Eva Gauthier (1885-1958), Canadian mezzo-soprano and voice teacher
Frédérik Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey player
Gabe Gauthier, American ice hockey player
Gerard Gauthier, hockey linesman 
Henri Gauthier, comte de Rigny
Jacques Gauthier, zoologist
Jamie Gauthier, American Democratic politician
Jean Gauthier (1937–2013), Canadian ice hockey player
Jean Gauthier, French actor
Jean-Bernard Gauthier de Murnan, French general
Jean-Robert Gauthier, Canadian politician
Juan Ignacio Gauthier, Argentine rugby union footballer
Julien Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey player
Kerry Gauthier, Minnesota politician
Léo Gauthier, Canadian politician
Marcel Gauthier, Canadian wrestler
Marie-Madeleine Gauthier, A French Art Historian.
Mary Gauthier (born 1962), American singer
Michel Gauthier, Canadian politician
Mylène Gauthier, the French-Canadian singer Mylène Farmer
Paul Gauthier (theologian), French theologian
Paule Gauthier, Canadian lawyer
Pierre Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey executive
Pierre Gauthier (politician), Canadian politician
Sean Gauthier, Canadian ice hockey player
Terry Gauthier, American politician
Théophile Gauthier, French writer, usually Théophil Gautier
Tyler Gauthier (born 1997), American football player
Ursula Gauthier, French journalist
Victor-Auguste Gauthier (1837–1911), French amateur palaeontologist.
Pierre Gauthier (1930-2016), dit Gartier, French painter

Places
Gauthier, Ontario, Canada
Ferme Gauthier, Algeria

See also
Gaultier (disambiguation)
Gautier (disambiguation)

References

French-language surnames
Surnames from given names
Daryl Gardener

Daryl Ronald Gardener (born February 25, 1973) is a former American football defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Miami Dolphins, Washington Redskins, and Denver Broncos.  He played college football at Baylor University and was drafted in the first round (20th overall) of the 1996 NFL Draft by the Miami Dolphins in a spot Ray Lewis thought was sure to be his.

On June 28, 2011, Gardener was arrested and charged with domestic-violence battery after he allegedly head butted his girlfriend during an argument.

References

1973 births
Living people
Miami Dolphins players
Washington Redskins players
American football defensive tackles
Denver Broncos players
Baylor Bears football players
B-Sides (Damien Rice EP)

B-Sides is an EP/compilation album of Damien Rice's b-sides from singles released from his album, O. The EP includes different takes of album tracks, such as live versions, acoustic versions, instrumental versions and a demo recording of hit single "Volcano" recorded onto Rice's cassette Walkman from 1997.

Track listing

The US release does not include the radio remix of "Cannonball".

Personnel
Damien Rice – vocals, guitar, production
Shane Fitzsimons – bass guitar
Lisa Hannigan – vocals
Vyvienne Long – cello
Tom Osander – percussion, drums

References

2004 debut EPs
Albums produced by Damien Rice
B-side compilation albums
Damien Rice albums
2004 compilation albums
Vector Recordings albums
Człuchów–Słosinko railway

Człuchów - Słosinko line is a PKP railway line in Pomeranian Voivodship, Poland. In PKP D29 classification system the line was numbered 413 with a maximum allowed speed of 50 km/h.

History
The line was opened in 1902 was opened on route from Człuchów to Czosnowo, and later this year it reached Słosinko.

The whole line was closed for passenger transport in 1991, and one year later the part from Przechlewo to Słosinko was closed for all transport. The closed part is now partly dismantled or unavailable.

Stations on the line
Listed from east to west:

References 

 

Railway lines in Poland
Railway lines opened in 1902
Mabel Lake Provincial Park

Mabel Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Monashee Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, located on the east side of Mabel Lake, which is part of the Shuswap River system.  Created on December 21, 1972, at approximately 182 hectares, the park was expanded in 2000 to approximately 187 hectares.

References

BC Parks infopage

Monashee Mountains
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Provincial parks in the Okanagan
1972 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1972
North Carolina Highway 84

North Carolina Highway 84 (NC 84) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  It serves to connect the town of Weddington to the city of Monroe.

Route description

NC 84 begins at an intersection with NC 16 (Providence Road) in Weddington, carrying the name Weddington Road. It carries two undivided lanes of traffic eastward, with a  speed limit before leaving town. Immediately after its western terminus is a roundabout with Weddington–Matthews Road. The route also passes by Weddington's town hall.  The route then enters wooded land, serving mostly homes along its route with a few open fields along the way.  The route then passes through Wesley Chapel, where it serves a shopping area (at the Waxhaw Indian Trail Road intersection) and passes between several residential subdivisions.  As it nears Monroe, it connects with NC 200 (Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard), where it ends.

History
Established in 1936 as a new primary routing, it traveled from NC 262 (Providence Road) to U.S. Route 74 (US 74) and NC 151 (Charlotte Avenue). Between 1956 and 1957, NC 84 was extended two blocks to Main Street, replacing part of US 74A to NC 200.  By 1962, NC 84 was extended north to US 74 (Roosevelt Boulevard), with NC 200 along Hayne Street/Skyway Drive.  Sometime between 1969-1982, the eastern terminus was moved back to Charlotte Avenue.

In August 2011, the eastern terminus of NC 84 was truncated at NC 200 (Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard) after its completion as a bypass around Monroe.

Major intersections

References

External links

084
Transportation in Union County, North Carolina
Bjørn Skau

Bjørn Skau (26 February 1929 – 2 March 2013) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

Skau was born in Borre. In 1959, during the third cabinet Gerhardsen, he was appointed personal secretary (today known as political advisor) in the Ministry of Social Affairs. He was promoted to state secretary in 1961, but lost the position temporarily in 1963, when the cabinet Lyng held office. When the fourth cabinet Gerhardsen held office from 1963 to 1965, Skau was again state secretary. During the short-lived first cabinet Brundtland in 1981, Skau was appointed Minister of Justice and the Police.

On the local level he was a member of Larvik municipality council from 1951 to 1957 and of the executive committee of Drammen city council from 1983 to 1987. He chaired the party chapter in Buskerud county from 1981 to 1986.

Skau also headed the health administration in Buskerud from 1978 to 1986, and then became director of Buskerud sentralsykehus, a post he held until 1993. A member of the temperance movement, he led the Norwegian branch of the International Organisation of Good Templars from 1991 to 1997.

Bjørn Skau died in Fredrikstad on 2 March 2013, at the age of 84. His sister was the acclaimed Norwegian missionary Annie Skau Berntsen.

References

1929 births
2013 deaths
Labour Party (Norway) politicians
Government ministers of Norway
Norwegian state secretaries
Norwegian temperance activists
Ministers of Justice of Norway
International Organisation of Good Templars people
Malaspina Provincial Park

Malaspina Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the northeast side of the Malaspina Peninsula facing Desolation Sound in the northernmost area of that province's Sunshine Coast region.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Sunshine Coast (British Columbia)
2000 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 2000
Mansons Landing Provincial Park

Mansons Landing Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located at Mansons Landing on Cortes Island. It was established in 1974 and covers , including  of upland and  of foreshore.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Provincial Parks of the Gulf Islands
Cortes Island
1974 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1974
Maquinna Marine Provincial Park and Protected Area

Maquinna Marine Provincial Park and Protected Area is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of Tofino in the Clayoquot Sound region of the West Coast of Vancouver Island, protecting Ramsay Hot Springs, which is the name-source of the cove, settlement and former post office of Hot Springs Cove.

See also
Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve
Maquinna
Marktosis

References

External links

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Clayoquot Sound region
Hot springs of British Columbia
1955 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1955
Marine parks of Canada
Mara Provincial Park

Mara Provincial Park is a day-use provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Mara Lake south of Sicamous.
The park is open with services from May 1 to September 27. The gate is locked open during the off season.

Mara Provincial Park is dedicated to intensive recreation, providing opportunities for public recreation
access and use of Mara Lake, with emphasis on swimming, picnicking and boat launching. Mara Provincial Park 
provides good sandy beaches and the only major public access and boat launch on Mara Lake.

There is fish-spawning at the mouths of two creeks. One kekuli pit can be found in the park, but
this feature is only considered as locally significant.

Images

See also
Shuswap Lake Marine Provincial Park (Mara Point Site)
List of protected areas of British Columbia

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Parks in the Shuswap Country
Provincial parks in the Okanagan
1958 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1958
Articles containing video clips
Marble Canyon Provincial Park

Marble Canyon Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, established in 1956 to protect Marble Canyon, a limestone formation at the south end of the Marble Range. In 2001 the park was expanded to 355 hectares to include all of Pavilion Lake due to the presence of microbialites, a type of stromatolite important to research into astrobiology and other fields, and in 2010, it was further expanded to 2,544 hectares.

The park is also important in the culture of the Tskway'laxw people in whose territory it is located, and concealed in the side canyons of the gorge there are important pictograph sites. Within the park and along Pavilion Lake at its farther end from the main part of the canyon is Chimney Rock, the Secwepemc'tsn name for which, K'lpalekw, means "Coyote's Penis", and is an important spiritual site. A waterfall into Crown Lake, at the park's campground, is famous among ice-climbers as "Icy BC" and the walls of Marble Canyon are a major draw for rock climbers.  All three of the park's lakes are popular with recreational fishermen.

Facilities

The park's campground is located adjacent to British Columbia Highway 99 as it passes through the canyon.  There are thirty campsites open from April to September.

References

External links

BC govt Management Development Strategy for Marble Canyon Provincial Park
BC govt management development statement for Pavilion Lake

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Lillooet Country
Bonaparte Country
1956 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1956
Marble Range Provincial Park

Marble Range Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located west of 100 Mile House and Clinton at the southwest edge of the Cariboo Plateau along the eastern edge of the Fraser Canyon south from Big Bar-Kostering and near Jesmond.

References

See also
Edge Hills Provincial Park
Marble Canyon Provincial Park

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Geography of the Cariboo
Fraser Canyon
Year of establishment missing
Marble River Provincial Park

Marble River Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. The park is located on northern Vancouver Island. It is  in area. The park protects an eagle nesting habitat near Quatsino Narrows in Quatsino Sound, a steelhead fishery, and an extensive waterfowl habitat.  A -long biking or walking trail is available, as well as opportunities for wildlife viewing.

References 

 British Columbia Ministry of the Environment - Marble River Provincial Park. Accessed April 8, 2007.

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Northern Vancouver Island
Year of establishment missing
Marl Creek Provincial Park

Marl Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the Trans-Canada Highway  north of Golden in the Rocky Mountain Trench.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Columbia Country
Columbia River
1961 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1961
Martha Creek Provincial Park

Martha Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the Lake Revelstoke Reservoir north of the city of Revelstoke.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Columbia Country
Columbia River
1993 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1993
Maxhamish Lake Provincial Park and Protected Area

Tłu Tue - Maxhamish Lake Provincial Park and Protected Area is a  provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. 

The Dene people of nearby Fort Nelson First Nation (FNFN) and Acho Dene Koe (ADK) lived on the shores of Tłu Tue (fish lake), now known as Sandy Lake or Maxhamish Lake since time immemorial. Before the creation of Indian Reserves, Dene people lived here year-round or as part of a seasonal round between Nelson Forks, Dídah tthe (Pretty Hill), Tłigo ché (François) and Tłu Tue (Maxhamish Lake). One Dene elder recalls boating from Dídah tthe to Tłigo ché, walking to Tłu Tue to hunt, trap, fish and collect plants for medicines, and then walking back to Dídah tthe via overland trail. Although the main village site is on the southeastern shore, there are historical gathering places and burial sites all around the lake. Currently, the Fort Nelson First Nation has four reserve parcels around the lake to protect the grave sites, and many FNFN and ADK members have cabins they visit year round. Visitors to the area are asked to respect the lake and surrounding area, to tread lightly on its shores, and pay the land with a small offering before hunting, fishing or trapping in the area.

Conservation
The protected area completely surrounds Maxhamish Lake, and offers opportunities for fishing and wildlife sightings (moose and deer are abundant). The park aims to protect arctic cisco, lake whitefish, least cisco, northern pike, slimy sculpin, spottail shiner, trout-perch, walleye, and white sucker.  However, in the last fifteen years BC's Oil & Gas industry has been conducting major operations in the area around the park.  This has led to high volume industrial traffic on highway 77 (also called the 317 rd).

Recreation
The following recreational activities are available: backcountry camping and hiking, canoeing and kayaking, fishing, and hunting.

Location
The park is located in north eastern British Columbia, close to the border with Northwest Territories. Located 125 kilometres north of Fort Nelson, British Columbia.

See also
List of British Columbia Provincial Parks
List of Canadian provincial parks

References

External links
Maxhamish Lake Provincial Park and Protected Area

Fort Nelson Country
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Year of establishment missing
McConnell Lake Provincial Park

McConnell Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located near Lac Le Jeune between Kamloops and Merritt, near BC Highway 5.

References
BC Parks webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Nicola Country
Thompson Country
Year of establishment missing
McDonald Creek Provincial Park

McDonald Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located 10 km south of Nakusp along Highway 6 in the Arrow Lakes region. The 468-hectare park is bisected by Upper Arrow Lake, and it provides beaches, a boat launch and 73 camping spaces on the eastern shore of the reservoir. Formerly a homesteading site, the area was set aside for recreation in 1982. In 2014, the campground underwent an upgrade, including the installation of a new services including showers and additional camping spaces.

References

External links
BC Parks webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Regional District of Central Kootenay
Arrow Lakes
Mehatl Creek Provincial Park

Mehatl Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the central Lillooet Ranges to the west of Boston Bar.

References

Lillooet Ranges
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Fraser Canyon
1997 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1997
Memory Island Provincial Park

Memory Island Provincial Park is a provincial park located on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. It was established by BC Parks on 23 August 1945 to protect a small island located at the southern end of Shawnigan Lake.

Name origin
It was named as a memorial to two Victoria men - Allan Mayhew and Kenneth Scharff - who lost their lives in World War II.

Geography
Covering only , Memory Island is the second smallest provincial park in British Columbia after Seton Portage Historic Provincial Park.

References
BC Parks webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Cowichan Valley Regional District
1945 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1945
Meziadin Lake Provincial Park

Meziadin Lake Provincial Park  is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It sits  east of Stewart, British Columbia.

References
BC Parks webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Nass Country
Lakes of British Columbia
1987 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1987
Mitlenatch Island Nature Provincial Park

Mitlenatch Island Nature Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Mitlenatch Island a small islet in the northern Strait of Georgia within the Strathcona Regional District.

History
In 1959, the Province of British Columbia purchased Mitlenatch from a local family and in 1961 it was designated as a Provincial Nature Park. Mitlenatch is a First Nations word with a number of meanings. In Coast Salish it has been translated to mean ‘calm waters all around’. Perhaps the most descriptive meaning comes from the Sliammon language where ‘metl’ meant calm and ‘nach’ meant posterior. Calm (waters) behind is an apt description of the island during stormy weather. In the Kwak'wala language of the Kwakwaka'wakw, ‘mah-kwee-lay-lah’ meant "it looks close, but seems to move away as you approach it".

Conservation
Mitlenatch Island Nature Provincial Park is home to the largest seabird colony in the Strait of Georgia. Glaucous-winged gulls, pelagic cormorants, pigeon guillemots, rhinoceros auklets and black oystercatchers also return to Mitlenatch each spring to breed. All sedentary marine life, including abalones, scallops and sea cucumbers are fully protected within this zone. Some of the largest garter snakes in BC reside here. These snakes are frequently encountered along trails and in beach and tide pool areas, where they feed on small fish such as sculpins and blennies. This park is a favourite haul out for harbour seals, northern and California sea lions. The sea lions are generally present from late autumn to mid-May. River otters, killer whales and harbour porpoises are often sighted offshore.

Recreation
The following recreational activities are available: canoeing and kayaking around the island and nature watching. Due to the sensitive bird habitat, most of the island is closed to the public. A short trail from Camp Bay to Northwest Bay, and to East Hill gull  blind are the only areas accessible to visitors.

Location
Located 30 kilometers northeast of Courtenay, British Columbia in the Strait of Georgia.

Size
The island is 35.5 ha in area and the park boundaries include surrounding waters for a total of 155 hectares in size.

See also
List of British Columbia Provincial Parks
List of Canadian provincial parks

References 

 2018. Butler, R.W. Early bird records from Mitlenatch Island, B.C. British Columbia Birds 28: 10-20.

External links

Provincial Parks of the Gulf Islands
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Islands of British Columbia
1961 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1961
Athi river

Athi river may refer to:

 Athi-Galana-Sabaki River
 Athi River (town)
 Athi River Super Bridge
Moberly Lake Provincial Park

Moberly Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.

References
BC Parks webpage

External links

Peace River Regional District
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Peace River Country
1966 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1966
1,3-dipole

In organic chemistry, a 1,3-dipolar compound or 1,3-dipole is a dipolar compound with delocalized electrons and a separation of charge over three atoms. They are reactants in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions.

The dipole has at least one resonance structure with positive and negative charges having a 1,3 relationship which can generally be denoted as , where a may be a carbon, oxygen or nitrogen, b may be nitrogen or oxygen, and c may be a carbon, oxygen or nitrogen.

Known 1,3-dipoles are:
 Azides ()
 Ozone ()
 Nitro compounds ()
 Diazo compounds ()
 Some oxides
 Azoxide compounds (RN(O)NR)
 Carbonyl oxides (Criegee zwitterions)
 Nitrile oxides ()
 Nitrous oxide ()
 Nitrones ()

 Some imines:
 Azomethine imine
 Nitrilimines (, analogous to nitrile oxide)
 Carbonyl imines
 Some ylides
 Azomethine ylide
 Nitrile ylide ()
 Carbonyl ylide
 Thiosulfines ()

References

Organic chemistry
Momich Lakes Provincial Park

Momich Lakes Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located at the north end of Adams Lake 100 km northeast of Kamloops.

Wildlife 
The park protects the most northerly occurrence of western larch in British Columbia. Sockeye salmon, trout and other fish species are present in the Momich River.

References

External links

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Parks in the Shuswap Country
1996 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1996
Monashee Provincial Park

Monashee Provincial Park is a provincial park located just outside of Cherryville, British Columbia, Canada.
It is located in the central Monashee Mountains between the Arrow Lakes and the upper Shuswap River drainage, just east of Sugar Lake. It is a remote grizzly habitat that is a walk-in only. Mount Fosthall is the highest peak in the area and can be hiked in a day. In addition to hiking and alpinism other activities include fishing.

References
BC Parks webpage

Monashee Mountains
Provincial parks of British Columbia
Arrow Lakes
1962 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1962
Monck Provincial Park

Monck Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located at Nicola Lake near the town of Merritt.  The park's campground is one of those which accepts reservations.  Activities including fishing, camping and hiking.  Natural features other than Nicola Lake include lava beds associated with the Chilcotin Group.

References

BC Parks webpage
Nicola Valley Travel information site

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Nicola Country
1951 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1951
Montague Harbour Marine Provincial Park

Montague Harbour Marine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Galiano Island, one of the Gulf Islands off BC's South Coast in Canada. It is accessible by BC Ferries from Swartz Bay on Vancouver Island or Tsawwassen on the Mainland. The Island's ferry terminal is at Sturdies Bay, about  from Montague. 

It is a very popular anchorage in the summer months and mooring buoys are provided by the park for visiting boats. It is also a popular spot for kayakers to stop for a night. The park has great camping with sites overlooking the water, picnic tables and pit toilets. It is on a peninsula with beaches and rock pools to play in and explore. There is a small marina within walking distance from the park which stocks basic supplies.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Galiano Island
1959 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1959
Marine parks of Canada
Monte Creek Provincial Park

Monte Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the locality of Monte Creek, British Columbia. Created in 1996, it is only 3 hectares in size, and protects a forested riparian area and also quiggly hole ("kekuli") sites of the Shuswap people, which have been formally studied as an archaeological site. The location was also part of the route of the Hudson's Bay Brigade Trail to the Cariboo via Kamloops from what is now the United States, as was Monte Lake in the upper basin of the eponymous creek.

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Thompson Country
1996 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1996
Monte Lake Provincial Park

Monte Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the east side of Monte Lake and to the south of the community of Monte Lake, British Columbia which is at the north end of the lake.  About five hectares in size, it protects an area of Ponderosa pine and grasslands.

See also
Monte Creek, British Columbia

References

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Thompson Country
1956 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1956
Moose Valley Provincial Park

Moose Valley Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the South Cariboo region 31 km west of 100 Mile House.

Comprising approximately 2,322 ha, it is located to the north of Gustafsen Lake.

References
BC Parks webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Geography of the Cariboo
1995 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1995
Morrissey Provincial Park

Morrissey Provincial Park is a provincial park near the southeastern corner of British Columbia, Canada.  The park is primitive, with no designated picnic or day-use areas, and no available parking.  The park protects a remnant Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) ecosystem.

References
BC Parks webpage

External links

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Parks in the Regional District of East Kootenay
Elk Valley (British Columbia)
1974 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1974
Morton Lake Provincial Park

Morton Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Vancouver Island northwest of the city of Campbell River.

References
BC Parks webpage

External links

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Mid Vancouver Island
1966 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1966
Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park

Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located around Mount Assiniboine.

History
The park was established 1922. Some of the more recent history that is explorable within the park include Wheeler's Wonder Lodge (Naiset) (1924), Assiniboine Lodge (1928), the first ski lodge in the Canadian Rockies, and Sunburst (1928).

World Heritage Site
In 1990, this park was included within the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks UNESCO World Heritage Site.  Together with the other national and provincial parks that comprise the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks, the park was recognized for its natural beauty and the geological and ecological significance of its mountain landscapes containing the habitats of rare and endangered species, mountain peaks, glaciers, lakes, waterfalls, canyons, limestone caves and fossils.

Conservation
The park aims to protect a large variety of species. Eighty-four species of birds inhabit the park environs, based on sightings. Columbian ground squirrels are very common in the core area of the park. Ten species of carnivore including wolves, black bear, grizzly bear, weasel, cougar, lynx inhabit the park. Six species of ungulates: elk, mule deer, white-tailed deer, moose, mountain goat, Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep roam within park boundaries.

Recreation
The following recreational activities are available: backcountry camping and hiking, horseback riding, cross country skiing and ski touring, fishing, and hunting. There are also climbing opportunities. Existing facilities include: 10 camping areas (75 campsites), including the main camp at Magog; 6 roofed accommodation sites (60 beds), including Mt. Assiniboine Lodge; day-use facilities at Rock Isle basin, including interpretive facilities and sanitation; 160 km of horse and hiking access trails: Assiniboine Pass, Wonder Pass, Mitchell River, Simpson River, Citadel Pass, Surprise Creek; and guide-outfitters cabins: Mitchell River and Police Meadows.

Location
Located 48 kilometres southwest of Banff, Alberta. No roads access the park. Backcountry hiking trails are the only access to the park, the quickest route being via Sunshine Village ski area in Banff National Park.

See also
List of British Columbia Provincial Parks
List of Canadian provincial parks

References

External links

 Assiniboine Lodge

 
Columbia Valley
1922 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 1922
Mount Blanchet Provincial Park

Mount Blanchet Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the west side of the southern end of Takla Lake, north of Smithers.

References
BC Park webpage

Provincial parks of British Columbia
Omineca Country
Regional District of Bulkley-Nechako
2001 establishments in British Columbia
Protected areas established in 2001