alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Kristine Holzer

Kristine L. Holzer (born March 21, 1974) is an American Olympic speed skater.

Diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) when she was 13 years old, Holzer originally took up rowing at Gonzaga University because the sport was low-impact.  Despite her difficult past, Holzer excelled at rowing and upon graduation moved to Augusta, Georgia to train with the United States Sculling squad under the watchful eye of Coach Igor Grinko.  Holzer remained in Augusta for two summers, where due to the combination of her small stature, almost frightening work ethic, and surprising speed on the water, she earned the nickname "Pocket Rocket."  Kristine's rowing career peaked at the 1998 United States Senior National Team Trials, where she finished second in the women's double sculls.  After being snubbed for a spot as a spare in the 1998 World Rowing Championships, Kristine decided to take up speedskating at the age of 24 (despite having only skated once in her life).

After narrowly missing a spot on the 2002 Winter Olympic squad, Holzer skated at the 2006 Winter Olympics and finished in 27th place in the 3000 meters.

References 
 US Speedskating profile

External links 
 NBC Olympics 
 Kristine's U.S. Olympic Team bio 
 Sports-Reference.com bio

Living people
1974 births
American female speed skaters
Olympic speed skaters for the United States
Speed skaters at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Canadian people of German descent
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Gonzaga University alumni
21st-century American women
Armoured Carrier Wheeled Indian Pattern

Armoured Carrier, Wheeled, Indian Pattern (ACV-IP), known also as Indian Pattern Carrier or other similar names, was an armoured car produced in India during the Second World War. It was typically armed with a Bren light machine gun. Those produced by Tata Locomotives were called "Tatanagars" after the location of the works. 4,655 were produced, used by Indian units in the Far East and Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre, typically in divisional reconnaissance regiments.

History
At the outbreak of the Second World War, the United Kingdom was unable to meet the needs of the Commonwealth for armoured fighting vehicles. It led many Commonwealth countries to develop their own vehicles. As production of heavy armoured vehicles, such as tanks, required advanced industry which those countries lacked, most of the developed fighting vehicles were armoured cars, often based on imported chassis.

In India a series of armoured vehicles was developed, known as Armoured Carrier, Wheeled, Indian Pattern or ACV-IP. These vehicles used Ford or GMC CMP truck chassis imported from Canada. Armoured hulls were constructed mainly by the Indian Railways. The armament typically consisted of Bren light machine gun, in some variants mounted in a small turret and Boys anti-tank rifle. The No. 19 radio set was carried. The vehicle was in production from 1940 until 1944, 4,655 being built.

The ACV-IP was used by Indian units in the Far East and Mediterranean and Middle East Theatre, typically in divisional reconnaissance regiments, as reconnaissance vehicle, personnel carrier, AA weapons carrier or Forward Observation Officer vehicle.

Variants

 Mk I — initial version, based on Ford model 1940 truck chassis with motor in front, fitted with a Marmon-Herrington all wheel drive kit.
 Mk II — Ford CO11QRF chassis (all wheel drive, motor in the rear, right hand drive).
 Mk IIA — modified armoured hull.
 Mk IIB — thicker armour.
 Mk IIC — Ford C191QRF chassis, armoured roof and small turret for Bren MG.
 Mk III — similar to Mk IIC, with slightly modified hull. 276 units built.
 Mk IV — Ford C291QR chassis, open hull.

Notes

References
 George Forty - World War Two Armoured Fighting Vehicles and Self-Propelled Artillery, Osprey Publishing 1996, .
 I. Moschanskiy - Armored vehicles of the Great Britain 1939-1945 part 2, Modelist-Konstruktor, Bronekollektsiya 1999-02 (И. Мощанский - Бронетанковая техника Великобритании 1939-1945 часть 2, Моделист-Конструктор, Бронеколлекция 1999–02).

External links

 ACV-IP at Flames of War
 Indian Armor at TANKS!
 ACV-IP at Wargaming.net
 ACV-IP at ww2drawings.jexiste.fr

Military history of India during World War II
World War II armoured cars
Armoured fighting vehicles of India
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
Traditional districts of Denmark

The traditional districts of Denmark differ from the country's administrative country subdivisions nowadays, as their existence and extent are usually not defined by law. The Danes will often refer to their traditional districts if asked where they come from, rather than the administrative unit which has been changed several times (last in 2007).

Some of these districts are nationally known, others more locally. Some of them may vary in their delimitations, while others are based on ancient hundreds and syssels with fixed borders. Dialect, folklore and local identity will or would often vary from one traditional district to another.

The lands of Denmark were the three major parts of the country until the 17th century.

Scanian Provinces
Scania (now Swedish)
Halland (now Swedish)
Blekinge (now Swedish)
Bornholm
Øerne ('The Islands')
Zealand
Hornsherred
Odsherred
North Zealand
Stevns
Møn
Lolland-Falster or Smålandene
Lolland
Falster
Funen
South Funen Archipelago
Langeland
Tåsinge
Ærø
Jutland
South Jutland
Vestslesvig
Als
Sundeved
Tørninglen
Angel (now German)
Svans (now German)
North Frisia (now German)
East Jutland
Kronjylland
Djursland
Bjerreherred
West Jutland
Hardsyssel
Fjends
Northwest Jutland
Thy
Mors
Salling
North Jutland
Himmerland
Hanherred
Vendsyssel

See also
Districts of Norway
Provinces of Sweden
Subdivisions of the Nordic countries
Administrative divisions of Denmark

 
Vernacular geography
Former subdivisions of Denmark
Former states and territories of Denmark
Fairy Bridge

Fairy Bridge may refer to:
 Fairy Bridge (Isle of Man), one of two locations on the Isle of Man in the British Isles
 Fairy Bridge (Isle of Skye), a storied stone bridge near Dunvegan in Scotland
 Xianren Bridge () in China, the world's largest natural arch

no:Fairy Bridge
Charles Frederic Moberly Bell

Charles Frederic Moberly Bell (2 April 1847, Alexandria – 5 April 1911, London) was a British journalist and newspaper editor during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Early life

Charles Frederic Moberly Bell was born in Alexandria. His mother was Hester Louisa née David, and his father was a merchant.

Both his parents died while Moberly Bell was still a child. He was sent to England to live with relatives and be educated there. He returned to his birthplace in 1865 and worked briefly for the same company as his father had, Peel & Co.

Journalism and The Times

Moberly Bell then found free-lance work with The Times. In 1875, he became its official correspondent in Egypt, and achieved fame with his coverage of the Urabi Revolt of 1882. He founded The Egyptian Gazette in 1880.

During the bombardment of Alexandria in July 1882, he was a guest alongside rival journalist Frederic Villiers on board HMS Condor when its commander Lord Charles Beresford attacked Fort Marabut.

In 1890, Bell was invited by the owner of The Times, Arthur Fraser Walter, to help run the financially shaky paper, considered highly respected but stolid and boring. As managing director, Bell revitalized the title, greatly increasing its staff of foreign correspondents. In 1902, Bell created Literature, a forerunner of The Times Literary Supplement, and in 1910, followed that supplement or spin-off with The Times Educational Supplement. In 1908, Bell helped to engineer its sale to Alfred Harmsworth, later Lord Northcliffe. Bell remained with the paper until his death in 1911.

Encyclopædia Britannica

According to Herman Kogan, Bell's single most notable accomplishment was his deal with American Horace Everett Hooper to reprint and sell the Encyclopædia Britannica under the sponsorship of The Times. Beginning in 1898, Hooper and his advertising executive Henry Haxton introduced aggressive marketing methods (full-page advertisements and direct marketing) to sell a reprint of the Britannica's 9th edition, which was justly famous for its scholarship but by then out of date. Building on the newspaper's solid reputation, Hooper managed to sell over 20,000 sets of the 9th edition and over 70,000 sets of its supplement, the 10th edition. The profit on the 10th edition was in excess of £600,000, and the royalties paid to the paper made it profitable for the first time in years. In 1908, Hooper's legal battle with his business partner Walter Montgomery Jackson caused The Times to cancel its contract to sponsor the 11th edition.

Writing
Bell wrote three books: Khedives and Pashas (1884), Egyptian Finance (1887), and From Pharaoh to Fellah (1888), illustrated by George Montbard and engraved by Charles Barbant.

Personal life
In 1875 Moberly Bell married Ethel Chataway; the couple had two sons and four daughters.

Moberly Bell's biography was written by his daughter Enid. The Life and Letters of C. F. Moberly Bell was published in 1927, 16 years after his death.

References

External links

British reporters and correspondents
British newspaper editors
The Times people
Encyclopædia Britannica
1847 births
1911 deaths
Louis Chimango

Louis Joseph Chimango (born 19 October 1943) was a long-time cabinet minister in Late Hastings Kamuzu Banda's cabinet from 1978 to 1994. He had trained as a lawyer and later on as a barrister from Grays Inn in London. He later taught at the law school at Chancellor College in Zomba, a constituent of the University of Malawi, from 1970, before being nominated for politics in 1978. He left the law school when he was the dean of the Faculty of Law. During Late Kamuzu Banda's time he held a number of cabinet portfolios including those of Minister of Finance (1980-1981 and 1987-1994), Health, Local Government, and Education, among others. After Late Kamuzu's defeat in the 1993 referendum he maintained his seat in Parliament and was later elected Speaker of the National Assembly of Malawi from June 2005-June 2009. A member of the Malawi Congress Party, he represented the Lilongwe Mpenu Nkhoma constituency, a seat which he lost during the 1999 Late Bingu wa Mutharika's regime. He was also a member of the Pan-African Parliament.

He is married to Jane Chimango, a senior lecturer at Kamuzu College of Nursing. He has four children and several grandchildren. He has since retired from active politics and is considered to be running his personal businesses. He is known to have orchestrated a number of national activities including spearheading the current constitution between 1995 and 1997. He was the favourite to pick up the mantle after John Tembo had left the presidency of the Malawi Congress Party. He is considered amongst the cleanest politicians to have come out of the Kamuzu's era of dirty crocodile politics.

In May 2008 Chimango was asked to resign his post due to lack of confidence from opposition legislators for his open bias towards government.

See also
 List of current members of the National Assembly of Malawi

References

Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Malawi
Living people
Finance ministers of Malawi
Speakers of the National Assembly (Malawi)
Malawi Congress Party politicians
1943 births
University of Malawi alumni
Light-addressable potentiometric sensor

A light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is a sensor that uses light (e.g. LEDs) to select what will be measured. Light can activate carriers in semiconductors.

History 

An example is the pH-sensitive LAPS (range pH4 to pH10) that uses LEDs in combination with (semi-conducting) silicon and pH-sensitive Ta2O5 (SiO2; Si3N4) insulator. The LAPS has several advantages over other types of chemical sensors. The sensor surface is completely flat, no structures, wiring or passivation are required. At the same time, the "light-addressability" of the LAPS makes it possible to obtain a spatially resolved map of the distribution of the ion concentration in the specimen. The spatial resolution of the LAPS is an important factor and is determined by the beam size and the lateral diffusion of photocarries in the semiconductor substrate. By illuminating parts of the semiconductor surface, electron-hole pairs are generated and a photocurrent flows. The LAPS is a semiconductor based chemical sensor with an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure. Under a fixed bias voltage, the AC (kHz range) photocurrent signal varies depending on the solution.  A two-dimensional mapping of the surface from the LAPS is possible by using a scanning laser beam.

Optoelectronics
Sensors
Lovenes Gondwe

Lovenes Gondwe is a member of the Pan-African Parliament from Malawi.

References

Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Malawi
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Steven Malamba

Steven Smart Jampa Malamba is a member of the Pan-African Parliament from Malawi.

References

Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Malawi
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Kyoketsu-shoge

The  is a double-edged blade, with another curved blade attached near the hilt at a 45–60 degree angle. This is attached to approximately  of rope, chain, or hair which then ends in a large metal ring. Likely used by ninja of the Iga province, it is thought to be a forerunner to the later more widely known kusarigama (sickle and chain). Ninja were often recruited from the class of rural peasantry who resided on remote farmland, and the tool's resemblance to farming equipment and high versatility in combat gave it many benefits in stealth combat.

The kyoketsu-shoge has a wide range of uses. The blade could be used for pulling slashes as well as thrusting stabs. The chain or cord, sometimes made from human hair or horsehair for strength and resiliency, could be used for climbing, ensnaring an enemy, binding an enemy and many such other uses. The long range of the weapon combined a cutting tool along with the capability to strike or entangle an enemy at what the user perceived to be a "safe" distance out of the way. When skilled with this weapon it could be used to entangle a sword and rip it from the opponents hands rendering him harmless. The kyoketsu-shoge cord and ring was sometimes used to wrap around an enemy's legs and trip them.

Typically the round ring was flat rather than round in cross section to provide a firmer grip and a more sturdy frame, as the ring was also used for strikes and deflective blows in use. This tool was also used as a climbing aid, and it could be thrown and lodged in corners.

In popular culture
 In the cartoon show G.I. Joe: Renegades, a modified chain version was used by Jinx and Storm Shadow during “The Return of the Arashikage, Parts 1 and 2”

 In the movie Ninja Assassin, a modified chain version of this weapon is used as Raizo's main weapon.

 In the movie Game of Death II, Lee Chen-kwok (李振國) / Bobby Lo (盧博比) uses one to cross a laser beam floor.

 In the first season of Netflix series Daredevil, the blade is used with great skill by the Japanese warrior Nobu.

 In the manga Spirit Circle, Fone uses this weapon to attack Stona.

See also
List of martial arts weapons

References

External links

Interactive page The first Internet article written about the kyoketsu-shoge. 

Blade weapons
Chain and rope throwing weapons
Ninjutsu artefacts
Weapons of Japan
Food City

Food City may refer to:
Food stores
Food City (K-VA-T), an American supermarket chain with stores located in Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and Virginia 
Food City, an Arizona ethnic/specialty food store chain acquired by Bashas' in 1993, previously known as Southwest Supermarkets
Food City (Canada), a Canadian supermarket chain formerly operated by the Oshawa Group, which has been taken over by Sobeys
Davis Food City, a chain of supermarkets in Houston, Texas
Motorsports
Food City 500, a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at Bristol Motor Speedway
Food City 300, a NASCAR Xfinity Series stock car race held at Bristol Motor Speedway
East Barming

East Barming  is a village in the civil parish of Barming in the Maidstone District of Kent, England. The village is located on the A26 road out of Maidstone, three miles (4.8 km) from the town centre, and is virtually part of its built-up area.

In the Domesday Book there are two villages mentioned: West Barming and East Barming. The former had a parish church, closed in the 16th century. Its ecclesiastic parish is now part of Nettlestead parish. The parish church of East Barming is dedicated to St Margaret, and is of Norman origin.

Hall Place, one of the many residences of the Culpeper family, lies to the north of the village.

See also
Barming
Barming Heath

External links

Hall Place and East Barming

Villages in Kent
Civil parishes in Kent
Kunstreligion

Kunstreligion is a term used around the turn of the nineteenth century to refer to Art-as-religion, specifically music, but also used to refer to any art that was sacralized.

References 

Visual arts theory
Philosophy of music
Concepts in aesthetics
Lydia Katjita

Lydia Katjita (born 15 October 1953 in Omatjete, Erongo Region, Namibia) is a former member of the National Assembly of Namibia and the Pan-African Parliament.

Biography
Lydia Katjita was born 15 October 1953 in Omatjete in the Erongo Region of central Namibia.  In 1989, she received a Higher Primary Education Certificate (HPEC) from the University of Namibia.  She acquired a B.A. from the University of South Africa in 1996 and enrolled in the Master of Educational Management and Administration program at the University of Namibia the next year.

From 1980 to the start of her national political career in 1999, Katjita was a teacher.  During this time, she held multiple other positions, including head of department for Sciences, Mathematics, English, and Afrikaans at the Ministry of Education in Grootfontein (1993–1999), member of the school board and management committee at Kalenga English Primary School (1993–1999), treasurer of the Evangelical Lutheran church in Grootfontein (1994–recent), chairperson of the Grootfontein Town Council (1995–1996), part-time teacher at the Namibian College of Open Learning (NAMCOL) in Grootfontein (1995–1999), and assistant researcher at the University of Namibia (1997).

Political career
Katjita became a member of the third National Assembly of Namibia in 2000 (representing SWAPO) and remained in office until after the November 2004 Namibian parliamentary election. She focused especially on legislation affecting rural areas and was a member of the standing committees on Human Resources and Gender Development and on Privileges and Reports of the Ombudsperson. In 2002, she was appointed chairman of a parliamentary sub-committee to accept nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize in Namibia.  Katjita was also a member of the Namibia branch of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and the Pan-African Parliament, where she was on the Justice and Human Rights Committee and the Pan-African Parliamentary Women Caucus.  In July 2005, she was appointed secretary for administration and finance of the Pan African Women’s organization.

References

External links
Parliament of Namibia
Members of the 3rd National Assembly of the Republic of Namibia, 1999-2004
Pan-African Parliament

1953 births
Living people
People from Erongo Region
SWAPO politicians
Members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Namibia
University of Namibia alumni
21st-century Namibian women politicians
21st-century Namibian politicians
Women members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Women members of the Pan-African Parliament
Tsudao Gurirab

Tsudao Immanuel Gurirab (born 2 January 1961) is a Namibian politician. A member of Congress of Democrats (CoD), Gurirab was previously a member of the ruling South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) until he alongside Ben Ulenga, Ignatius Shixwameni and others left SWAPO to form CoD in 1999. He was also a member of the Pan-African Parliament and the only non-SWAPO member selected from Namibia. In 2007, Gurirab was elected chairperson of the party.

Education
Gurirab went into exile with SWAPO and earned a diploma from the United Nations Institute for Namibia in Lusaka, Zambia in 1982, B.A. in economics from the University of Sussex in 1984 and a M.A. in Development Studies from the University of Manchester in 1986. In 2002, Gurirab earned a M.A. in Public Policy and Administration from the University of Namibia/Institute of Social Sciences in The Hague, Netherlands.

Political career
Gurirab joined the SWAPO Department of Economic Affairs as a researcher in Luanda, Angola from 1987 to 1988. Following the end of the Namibian War of Independence, Gurirab worked on the editorial board of the SWAPO newspaper Namibia Today as well as on the party's election team in 1989. From independence in 1990 until 1995, the Usakos native was the permanent secretary in the Ministry of Trade and Industry when Ben Amathila was Minister. He left politics in 1995 and worked as a private economist. Gurirab joined some prominent SWAPO figures and joined CoD in 1999. In the 1999 election, the new party earned 7 out of 72 seats, tying it with the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) for second most seats in the National Assembly of Namibia and a seat for Gurirab. Gurirab maintained that seat in the 2004 election as number three on CoD's electoral list for the Assembly, despite a net loss of two seats for CoD. Gurirab was not re-elected in the 2009 general election, as only CoD leader Ben Ulenga was re-elected.

Business
Gurirab, an economist by training, is the director of Tulajo Financial Holdings, a financial services company. He also owns 17,118 preference shares and 25,033 ordinary shares in First National Bank Holdings.

References

1961 births
Living people
People from Usakos
Damara people
SWAPO politicians
Congress of Democrats politicians
Members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Namibia
Alumni of the University of Sussex
Alumni of the University of Manchester
University of Namibia alumni
Namibian exiles
Namibian expatriates in Angola
Karlous Marx Shinohamba

Karlous Marx Shinohamba (born February 3, 1965) is a Namibian politician, affiliated to the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) party. He became a member of the National Council for Ohangwena Region in November 2001. He is a member of the Pan-African Parliament.

References

1965 births
Living people
People from Ohangwena Region
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Namibia
SWAPO politicians
Ella Kamanya

Ella Ndatega Kamanya (9 November 1961 – 31 July 2005) was a Namibian politician and businesswoman. She joined the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) in exile in 1978 and survived the Battle of Cassinga during the conflict with the South African Army. 

Kamaya was appointed to the National Assembly of Namibia in 2003, replacing Hage Geingob. In March 2004, she was appointed to the Pan-African Parliament.

Early life 
Kamanya was born on 9 November 1961 in Onangalo, Uukwaluudhi Kingdom, Ovamboland. Her father was a prominent local politician and businessperson. She grew up in a devout Christian family.

Career 
In 1978, she joined SWAPO in exile, and shortly after arriving in Cassinga, Angola, the encampment where she and other Namibian exiles and refugees were based was raided by the South African Defence Force. She was captured during the May 1978 Battle of Cassinga, returned to South-West Africa, and subsequently incarcerated in Oshakati.

A businesswoman by profession, Kamanya ran movie theaters in Ongwediva and Ondangwa before joining the National Assembly. She requested to be buried in northern Namibia.

Controversy 
In March 2004, Kamanya faced criticism for alleged graft in deals related to Black Economic Empowerment transactions and the San community of Namibia. She denied the allegations and died in July 2005.

References

1961 births
2005 deaths
People from Omusati Region
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Namibia
Members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Women members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Namibian women in business
Namibian businesspeople
SWAPO politicians
Namibian expatriates in Angola
Prisoners and detainees of South Africa
Namibian people imprisoned abroad
Namibian exiles
Women members of the Pan-African Parliament
Ben Amathila

Ben Amathila (born 1 October 1938 in Walvis Bay) is a retired Namibian politician. Amathila served in the government of Namibia with SWAPO from independence in 1990 until his retirement in April 2007. 

From 1990 to 1993 he served as Minister of Trade and Industry. In 1993 he was moved against his will to the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and served as minister until 2000. In 2000, president Sam Nujoma dismissed him from his cabinet post. He retained his seat in the National Assembly until his resignation in 2007, citing concerns with his party. Internationally, Amathila is a member of the Pan-African Parliament.

Amathila was re-elected to the SWAPO Central Committee at the party's August 2002 congress, placing eighth with 369 votes, and he was again elected to the Central Committee at SWAPO's November 2007 congress.

Namibian War of Independence 
Amathila began working towards Namibian independence in 1959 with the forerunner to SWAPO, the Ovamboland People's Organization. He helped mobilizing support for SWAPO from 1959 until going into exile in 1966. He then was instrumental in organizing SWAPO's consultative congress at Tanga, Tanzania in 1969. Shortly afterwards, Amathila became SWAPO's representative in Scandinavia then the movement's Secretary for Economics in Lusaka than Luanda.

Personal life
Amathila was educated in Okahandja then Tsumeb. He is married to the first Black Namibian female physician and fellow politician, Libertina Amathila. He is the owner of a farm near Omaruru, where he plans to spend his retirement.

References 

1938 births
Living people
People from Walvis Bay
Ovambo people
SWAPO politicians
Trade and industry ministers of Namibia
Information ministers of Namibia
Members of the National Assembly (Namibia)
Members of the Pan-African Parliament from Namibia
Augustineum Secondary School alumni
Labasa (Open Constituency, Fiji)

Labasa Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. The electorate covered the largest Town on the northern island of Vanua Levu.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Election results 
In the following tables, the primary vote refers to first-preference votes cast.  The final vote refers to the final tally after votes for low-polling candidates have been progressively redistributed to other candidates according to pre-arranged electoral agreements (see electoral fusion), which may be customized by the voters (see instant run-off voting).

1999

2001

2006

Sources 
 Psephos - Adam Carr's electoral archive
 Fiji Facts
AJ's Fine Foods

AJ's Fine Foods, formerly known as AJ Bayless, is a supermarket chain formerly headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. It was founded by Arthur Joseph Bayless in the 1930s.

History 
The company went through a bankruptcy in the late 1980s. It was acquired by Bashas’ in 1993. Under Bashas' ownership, AJ's has positioned itself as an upscale gourmet and specialty grocery chain with each store located in affluent neighborhoods. The stores feature chef-prepared entrees, an extensive wine collection with trained cellar staff, and specialty baked goods.

Some locations in middle-class and blue-collar neighborhoods were converted to Bashas' Food City format.

References

External links

Companies based in Phoenix, Arizona
Muzaffar Hussain Baig

Muzaffar Hussain Baig is an Indian politician. He was the former Deputy Chief Minister of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. On Republic Day of 2020 he received India's third highest civilian honour Padma Bhushan.

Baig was the founding member of Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party led by Mufti Mohammad Sayeed and was named as Patron of the party post-Mufti's death in 2016.

Awards
Padma Bhushan in 2020

Early life 
He was born in Wahidna, a small hilly village in Baramulla district of the Kashmir valley. He received his master's degree from Harvard Law School.

Career 
He started his political career in 1996 with the Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference where he held the position of Vice-Chairman. 
In 2002, he fought the Legislative Assembly election with the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party and won from Baramulla constituency. He was reelected in 2008. He held the position of Law Minister and Parliamentary Affairs Minister in the state cabinet for the period 2002–2006. Until 2006 he was Deputy Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.

He served as Chief Spokesperson for the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party. He also worked in law firms in the United States and New Delhi in India. Baig served as Advocate General of the state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1987 to 1989.

Baig was elected to the Lok Sabha in 2014 from Baramulla.

In 2020, Baig was conferred the Padma Bhushan award, the third-highest civilian honor of India.

Due to differences between him and Mehbooba Mufti, that grew after the abrogation of Article 370, It was being allegedly said that Baig joined Sajjad Lone's Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference, Peoples Conference disowns senior leader Muzaffar Baig. Party general secretary Imran Ansari said Baig never joined JKPC.

References 

Deputy chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
Harvard Law School alumni
Living people
20th-century Indian lawyers
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party politicians
21st-century Indian Muslims
People from Baramulla
India MPs 2014–2019
Lok Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir
State cabinet ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
Kashmiri people
1946 births
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in public affairs
Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference politicians
Mörby centrum

Mörby centrum is a shopping mall in the municipality of Danderyd north of Stockholm. It is also the name of a station of the Stockholm Metro accessed from the shopping mall. Mörby Centrum was built in 1961 by the architects Fors & Son and has since then been expanded in several steps. It was converted into an indoor shopping mall in 1977.

See also
Mörby centrum metro station

External links
Mörby Centrum shopping mall (website in Swedish)

Shopping malls established in 1961
1961 establishments in Sweden
Shopping centres in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Stockholm County
Emanuele Merisi

Emanuele Merisi (born 10 October 1972) is an Italian former professional swimmer, specialized in backstroke, who won a bronze medal in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

Career 
Merisi was born in Treviglio, province of Bergamo (Lombardy).

He began to swim at the age of 8, becoming a member of the Italian national team in 1989. His first important medal was at the European LC Championships 1993 in Sheffield, where he won a bronze medal in his favourite race, the 200 m backstroke. He repeated the result in the European LC Championships 1995, this time as a member of the 4×200 m freestyle relay.

Merisi presented at the 1996 Summer Olympics with the best time of the year in the 200 m backstroke, 1:57.70. This is still today the Italian record. In the race, however, he was not able to repeat this outstanding result: he gained only a bronze medal after Americans Brad Bridgewater and Tripp Schwenk, both with times largely superior to that time.

A talented and long-career swimmer, captain of Italian team in his last years, Merisi took part to two more editions of Summer Olympics, including 2000, in which he was ranked again amongst the favourites in 200 m backstroke and arrived 5th. His results include two more silver (1997 and 2000) and a bronze medal (1999) at the European Championships, all in the 200 m backstroke.

Personal bests 
100 m backstroke: 55.53
200 m backstroke: 1:57.70

References 

RAI Profile

External links
 
 
 
 

1972 births
Living people
People from Treviglio
Italian male swimmers
Italian male backstroke swimmers
Olympic swimmers for Italy
Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists in swimming
European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Italy
Swimmers at the 1997 Mediterranean Games
Universiade medalists in swimming
Goodwill Games medalists in swimming
Mediterranean Games medalists in swimming
FISU World University Games gold medalists for Italy
Universiade silver medalists for Italy
Universiade bronze medalists for Italy
Swimmers of Centro Sportivo Carabinieri
Medalists at the 1997 Summer Universiade
Competitors at the 1998 Goodwill Games
Sportspeople from the Province of Bergamo
20th-century Italian people
Adverbial complement

An adverbial complement is an adverbial that is required to complete the meaning of a verb, such that if it is removed, it will yield an ungrammatical sentence or an intrinsically different meaning of the verb. They stand in contrast to adverbial adjuncts, which can be removed from a sentence without altering its structure or meaning.

Adverbial complements often accompany verbs of caused motion such as put or place:

She put the cheese back.
*She put the cheese.
Now place the vase on the mantlepiece.
*Now place the vase.

However, they can occur with other types of verbs as well:

We are staying in a hotel.
*We are staying.

Theoretical approaches
Head-driven phrase structure grammar describes adverbial complements as part of the verbs' subcategorization frame, which is why they are obligatory arguments. In this theory, adverbial complements are stored in the lexicon as part of the grammatical competence relating to the verb.

An alternative description, along the lines of construction grammar is that they are parts of certain argument structure constructions – in this case the caused motion construction – which are specifically compatible with the semantics of the verb. Here, adverbial complements are stored in the grammar as part of the caused motion construction which is a sign in its own right.

Another construction-based theory combines the two arguing that certain senses of verbs co-occur so frequently with certain argument structure constructions, that the argument structures are also stored as part of the grammatical competence relating to the verb. These small argument structure constructions are called mini-constructions. So, in the case of put, in accordance with this theory, adverbial complements are both part of the argument structure construction and stored as information regarding the verb itself.

See also
Adjunct
Conjunct
Disjunct
English grammar

References

Grammar
Tales from the Vienna Woods

"Tales from the Vienna Woods" (, occasionally ) is a waltz by Johann Strauss II.

Composed in 1868, , Op. 325, was one of six Viennese waltzes by Johann Strauss II which featured a virtuoso part for zither. The title of Strauss' dance recalls the folk music of the inhabitants of the Vienna Woods.

Composition notes 
The waltz's introduction is one of the longest he ever wrote for a waltz, 119 bars in the musical score. It starts in C major, intertwining with F major before gaining ascendancy in volume and mood, finishing with a long pause. The second part is in the key of G major, with a solo violin incorporating material which appears again in successive waltz sections. A short flute cadenza evoking birdsong comes in, and moves on to the zither solo, marked moderato. The zither part involves two sub-sections of its own; the slowish ländler tempo and its more vigorous counterpart, with the direction of vivace (quickly). If the zither is unavailable, a string quartet plays the zither themes instead. Loud orchestral chords bring the waltz back to the familiar waltz theme in F major.

Waltz sections 2A and 2B are in B-flat major, whereas waltz 3A is in E-flat major with a quick section in B-flat in waltz 3B. The entire waltz section 4 is in B-flat as well, and waltz section 5 is wholly in E-flat. Waltz 5B contains the customary climax with cymbals and is loudly played. After a brief and tense coda, waltz 1A and 2B make a reappearance. As the waltz approaches its end, the zither solo makes another appearance, reprising its earlier melody in the introduction. A crescendo in the final bars concludes with a brass flourish and snare drumroll.

Orchestration 

Woodwinds
2 Flutes (Fl. 2 doubling Piccolo)
2 Oboes
2 Clarinets in C
 Cl. 1 doubling in B-flat
 Cl. 2 doubling E-flat clarinet
2 Bassoons

Brass
4 Horns in F
3 Trumpets in F
2 Trombones
Bass trombone
Tuba

Percussion
Timpani
Snare drum
Triangle
Bass drum
Cymbals

Strings
Zither
Harp
Violins I, II
Violas
Violoncellos
Double basses

A string ensemble (for example, four violins, two violas, and two cellos) may be substituted in the absence of a zither.

In popular culture 
The Kleist Prize-winning drama Geschichten aus dem Wiener Wald (1931), by Ödön von Horváth and the live-action films Tales from the Vienna Woods (1928) and Tales from the Vienna Woods (1934) take their titles from this waltz, as does the MGM cartoon short Tales from the Vienna Woods (1934)

The waltz was also featured in a condensed version in the first segment of the 1943 Warner Bros. Merrie Melody animated short A Corny Concerto and prominently the 1987 television film Escape from Sobibor.

References

External links
 

Waltzes by Johann Strauss II
Vienna Woods
1868 compositions
Centrospermae

Centrospermae is a descriptive botanical name, published in 1878 by Eichler, meaning "with the seed in the center", referring to the free (central) placentation. It was used in the Engler system and the Wettstein system) for an order of flowering plants.

In its  circumscription, Centrospermae corresponds fairly closely to the order Caryophyllales in the system of Cronquist. In the APG III system, and in later versions of the Kubitzki system, Caryophyllales is defined to include much more than Centrospermae.

Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Centrospermae is monophyletic. It is equivalent to a clade known as the core Caryophyllales, whenever the latter is defined to exclude the families Rhabdodendraceae, Simmondsiaceae, Physenaceae and Asteropeiaceae.

See also
 Caryophyllineae

References

Historically recognized angiosperm taxa
Cashibo people

The Cashibo or Carapache are an indigenous people of Peru. They live near the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro Rivers. The Cashibo have three subgroups, that are the Cashiñon, Kakataibo, and Ruño peoples. They mainly live in five villages.

Language
Cashibo people speak the Cashibo-Cacataibo language, a Western Panoan language which is written in the Latin script and taught in primary schools.

History
When first approached by missionaries in 1757, the Cashibo killed one of them and forced the rest to flee. They maintained hostile relations with neighboring tribes. They joined Juan Santos Atahualpa in 1744 in the destruction of missions. In 1870, Shetebo and Conibo people raided the Cashibo.

Until the 20th century, Cashibo avoided outside contact. In 1930, they numbered 4,000 but their population was reduced by diseases. Simón Bolívar Odicio dominated the Cashibo from 1930 to 1940. Odicio was a Cashibo who had been kidnapped and raised by the Shipibo. He encouraged the tribe to open a road into their territory, which brought on non-native settlement and rapid acculturation, with devastating effects on the tribe.

In 1940, the Peru government offered the surviving Cashibos a reservation; however, they declined, wishing to remain in their own homeland.

Notes

External links
Cashibo art, National Museum of the American Indian

Indigenous peoples in Peru
Indigenous peoples of the Amazon
Kask

Kask or KASK may refer to:

Kask (surname)
Kask, Kerman, a village in Kerman Province, Iran
Kask, Zanjan, a village in Zanjan Province, Iran
Asta Kask, a punk band from Töreboda, Sweden
KASK, an American radio station

See also
 Cask (disambiguation)
 KASC (disambiguation)
 Karsk
Richard Gans



Richard Martin Gans (7 March 1880 – 27 June 1954), German of Jewish origin, born in Hamburg, was the physicist who founded the Physics Institute of the National University of La Plata, Argentina. He was its Director in two different periods.

During the first one, starting in 1911, he continued the work started by Emil Bose raising the research level of the institute to international renown. In 1914 he founded the publication of a scientific journal: Contribución al estudio de las ciencias fisicomatemáticas, with two series: matematicofísica and técnica.
 
His second period in La Plata was from the late 1940s through the early 1950s, when he played an important role as member of one of the commissions which reviewed Ronald Richter's claims related to the Huemul Project.

After leaving La Plata in 1951 he taught theoretical and advanced physics at the University of Buenos Aires.

Gans theory is named after Richard Gans. This theory gives the solutions to the Maxwell equations for prolate and oblate spheroidal particles. It is an extension of Mie theory and thus sometimes called Mie-Gans theory. He first published these equations describing the scattering of elongated particles in 1912 for gold particles. In 1915, the solution for silver particles was published. Gans also rederived Lord Rayleigh scattering approximation for optically soft spheres, which is now known as Rayleigh–Gans approximation.

His doctoral students include Daniele Amati and Alberto Sirlin.

Studies 
Gans graduated in 1901, summa cum laude, with the title of Dr.Phil.Nat. at the University of Strasbourg. His doctoral advisor was Karl Ferdinand Braun.

Research and teaching

Academic timeline 
 1901–02 University of Heidelberg
 1903–11 University of Tübingen 
 1911–12 University of Strasbourg 
 1912–25 Universidad de La Plata 
 1925–35 University of Königsberg 
– Interrupted: 3rd Reich, World War II, postwar –
 1947–51 Universidad de La Plata 
 1951–53 Universidad de Buenos Aires

Publications 
Gans published extensively in Annalen der Physik .

References 
 Santos Mayo Letter in Physics Today (2004)
 Bibliothèque Virtuelle Leite Lopes
 Klich, Ignacio. Richard Gans, Guido Beck and the Role of German Speaking Jewish Immigrants in the Early Days of Argentina's Nuclear Project. Ibero-Amerikanisches Archiv 21:1–2 (1995):127–67 – F1401.I24 
 Gaviola, Enrique (1954). Richard Gans (1880–1954). Ciencia e Investigación, Buenos Aires. Vol. 10 (8), p. 384.
 Swinne, Edgar. Richard Gans: Hochschullehrer in Deutschland und Argentinien.Berliner Beiträge Zur Geschitchte Der Naturwissenschaften Und Der Technik (BBGNT): 14 ERST Verlag Berlin 1992. . Published in translation to Spanish as: Richard Gans Profesor Universitario en Alemania y Argentina. Version online at . Published by the Physics Museum of the University of La Plata.

External links
 

1880 births
1954 deaths
Scientists from Hamburg
19th-century German Jews
Jewish scientists
20th-century German physicists
German emigrants to Argentina
20th-century Argentine physicists
Jewish physicists
Mong Nai

Möng Nai or Mongnai  is a town in Mong Nai Township in the Shan State of Burma. Mong is equivalent to Mueang.

History

Prior to World War II, Mongnai State (Burmese, Mo-Ne) was one of the largest and the most important of the States in the Eastern subdivision of the Southern Shan States.
The early history of Mong Nai State is buried in obscurity. The town has been several times burnt, as it has always been the centre of disturbances in the Southern Shan States, and all records have perished in the various fires.

The original city, according to Burmese accounts, was founded in the year 24 of Religion (519 BC) by Sao Hkio, who was the first of a line of independent Chiefs. In about 1223 AD, Mong Nai was conquered by Sam Long Hpa of the Northern Shan Empire and became tributary to Se Lan, the old Mong Mi line of Saophas (Sawbwas) was then put in charge of the State.

2002 Massacre

On the night of October 14, 2002 during a religious holiday the Burmese Army shelled the town at 11:00pm leaving 6 men and 64 women dead and another 21 injured.

References

Populated places in Shan State
Township capitals of Myanmar
Jakarta Declaration

The Jakarta Declaration on Leading Health Promotion into the 21st Century is the name of an international agreement that was signed at the World Health Organization's 1997 Fourth International Conference on Health Promotion held in Jakarta. The declaration reiterated the importance of the agreements made in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, and added emphasis to certain aspects of health promotion.

About the Declaration
The Jakarta Declaration included the following five "priorities for health promotion in the 21st century":
1. "Promote social responsibility for health"
2. "Increase investments for health development"
3. "Consolidate and expand partnerships for health"
4. "increase community capacity and empower the individual"
5. "Secure an infrastructure for health promotion"

The declaration recognizes that":
 Participation is necessary for change.
 Health literacy is essential for participation - emphasizes the need for access to education and information and hence, the empowerment of individuals and communities.
 Combinations of five strategies for health promotion -- "build healthy public policy", "create supportive environments", "strengthen community action", "develop personal skills", and "reorient health services"—are more effective than "single-track approaches".

Promotion of the Declaration
In the United Kingdom, the central message of the Jakarta declaration is similar to the government's current health policy. That is the emphasis on infrastructure and investment, with the hope of empowering the service user with choice.

See also 
 Health promotion
 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
 Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World
 Healthy city
 Alliance for Healthy Cities
 Primary health care
 Public health
 World Health Organization

References

Further reading
 Ewles L, Simnett I (2003) Promoting health: a practical guide.  London: Baillière Tindall. 5th ed. .

Health promotion
World Health Organization
Lami (Open Constituency, Fiji)

Lami Open is a former electoral division of Fiji, one of 25 open constituencies that were elected by universal suffrage (the remaining 46 seats, called communal constituencies, were allocated by ethnicity).  Established by the 1997 Constitution, it came into being in 1999 and was used for the parliamentary elections of 1999, 2001, and 2006. It covered the Town of Lami, in the greater Suva metropolitan area.

The 2013 Constitution promulgated by the Military-backed interim government abolished all constituencies and established a form of proportional representation, with the entire country voting as a single electorate.

Election results 
In the following tables, the primary vote refers to first-preference votes cast.  The final vote refers to the final tally after votes for low-polling candidates have been progressively redistributed to other candidates according to pre-arranged electoral agreements (see electoral fusion), which may be customized by the voters (see instant run-off voting).

1999

2001

2006

Sources 
 Psephos - Adam Carr's electoral archive
 Fiji Facts