Gaošan

Tajvanski domoroci ili domorodački narod (; Tongyong Pinyin: yuánjhùmín; tajvanski Pe̍h-oē-jī: gôan-chū-bîn, doslovno značenje: "originalni stanovnici") su domorodački narod na Tajvanu. Predstavljaju grupu austronezijskih naroda koji potječu od stanovnika Tajvana koji su živjeli na otoci prije dolaska Han Kineza u 17. vijeku.

Danas većina plemena priznatih od strane Republike Kine je koncentrirana u visorovnima Tajvana te govori arhaičnom skupinom jezika zvanom formožanski jezici, koja je srodna malajsko-polinežanskim jezicima, te pripada austronezijskoj porodici jezika. Prema podacima iz godine 2004. ima oko 400.000 pripadnika te skupine.

Narodna Republika Kina za taj narod koristi izraz Gaošan (ch: 高山族; py: Gāoshān zú; wg: Kao-shan tsu; tw: ko-san-cho̍k; doslovno "etnos visokih planina") i drži ih na spisku 56 etničkih grupa. Na Tajvanu, riječ Kaoshan se koristi za domorodačke grupe za koje se drži da žive u planinama Tajvana, nasuprot izraza Pingpu (ch: 平埔族; py: píngpǔ zú; wg: p'ing-p'u tsu; tw: pêⁿ-po-cho̍k; doslovno " ravničarski etnos").

Literatura 
 Bellwood, Peter. 1979. Man’s Conquest of the Pacific. New York, Oxford University Press. 
 Ed. Blundell, David. 2000. Austronesian Taiwan: Linguistics; History; Ethnology; Prehistory. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. 
 Ed. Blusse, Leonard & Everts, Natalie. 2000. The Formosan Encounter: Notes on Formosa’s Aboriginal Society-A selection of Documents from Dutch Archival Sources Vol. I & Vol. II. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines.  & 
 Blust, Robert A. Austronesian Root Theory. 1988. Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing. 
 Borao Mateo, Jose Eugenio 2002. Spaniards in Taiwan Vol. I & Vol. II. Taipei, SMC Publishing.  & 
 Brown, Melissa J. Is Taiwan Chinese? : The Impact of Culture, Power and Migration on Changing Identities. 2004, University of California Press. 
 Campbell, Rev. William. 1915. Sketches of Formosa. Marshall Brothers Ltd. London, Edinburgh, New York, reprinted by SMC Publishing Inc 1996. 
 Chen, Chiu-kun, 1997, Qing dai Taiwan tu zhe di quan, (Land Rights in Qing Era Taiwan), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. 
 Cohen, Marc J. 1988. Taiwan At The Crossroads: Human Rights, Political Development and Social Change on the Beautiful Island. Asia Resource Center, Washington D.C. 
 Ed. Faure, David. 2001. In Search of the Hunters and Their Tribes. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. 
 Ed. Harrison, Henrietta. 2001. Natives of Formosa: British Reports of the Taiwan Indigenous People, 1650-1950. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. 
 Hong, Mei Yuan, 1997, Taiwan zhong bu ping pu zhu (Plains Tribes of Central Taiwan), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. 
 Hsu, Mutsu, 1991, Culture, Self and Adaptation: The Psychological Anthropology of Two Malayo-Polynesian Groups in Taiwan. Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. . 
 Keliher, Macabe.2003. Out of China or Yu Yonghe’s Tales of Formosa. Taipei, SMC Publishing. 
 Ed. Knapp, Ronald G. China’s Island Frontier: Studies in the Historical Geography of Taiwan. 1980. Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press. 
 Leo T.S. Ching. 2001. Becoming “Japanese”. Berkeley, University of California Press. 
 Li, Paul Jen-Kuei & Tsuchida Shigeru. 2001. Pazih Dictionary. Academia Sinica Institute of Linguistics, Taipei, Taiwan. 
 Li, Paul Jen-Kuei and Tsuchida, Shigeru. 2002. Pazih Texts and Songs. Institute of Linguistics Preparatory Office, Academia Sinica. 
 Interview: 2003: Lin Tan Ah (age 94) -in Shi Men, Ping Tung
 Mackay, George L. 1896. From Far Formosa. London, Oliphant Anderson and Ferrier, Reprinted 1991,1998, SMC Publishing, Taipei. 
 Meskill, Johanna Menzel. 1979. A Chinese Pioneer Family: The Lins of Wu-Feng, Taiwan 1729-1895. Princeton University Press, Princeton New Jersey
 Montgomery-McGovern, Janet B. 1922. Among the Head-Hunters of Formosa. Boston, Small Maynard and Co. Reprinted 1997, SMC Publishing, Taipei. 
 Interview: 2003: Pan Jin Yu (age 93) -in Puli
 Peng, Tan Ming, 1999, Da du she gu wen shu (Old Records of the Da Du Tribes), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. 
 Peng, Tan Ming, 2000, Ping pu bai she gu wen shu (Old Records of 100 Plains Villages), Academia Historica, Taipei, Taiwan. 
 Pickering, W.A. 1898. Pioneering In Formosa. London, Hurst and Blackett, Republished 1993, Taipei, SMC Publishing. : 
 Ed. Rubinstein, Murray A. 1999. Taiwan: A New History. New York, M.E. Sharpe, Inc. 
 Shepherd, John R. 1993. Statecraft and Political Economy on the Taiwan Frontier, 1600-1800. California, Leland Stanford University Press. Reprinted 1995, SMC Publishing, Taipei. 
 Shepherd, John Robert. 1995. Marriage and Mandatory Abortion among the 17th Century Siraya. The American Anthropological Association, Arlington VA
 Taylor, George. Ed. Dudbridge, Glen. 1999. Aborigines of South Taiwan in the 1880s. Taipei, Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines Publishing. 
 Teng, Emma Jinhuang. 2004. Taiwan's Imagined Geography: Chinese Colonial Travel Writing and Pictures, 1683-1895. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 
 Wilson, Richard W. 1970. Learning To Be Chinese:The Political Socialization of Children in Taiwan. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 
 Yosaburo Takekoshi. 1907. Japanese Rule in Formosa. London, Longmans, Green and Co. Reprinted 1996, SMC Publishing, Taipei.

Eksterni linkovi 

 Introduction to the 10 tribes of Taiwanese indigenous peoples 
 Council of Indigenous Peoples (Taiwan) 
 Taiwan Aboriginal Handicraft Art
 Academia Sinica: Formosan Languages 
 an overview of the tribes 
 Taiwan Aborigines Studies
 Taiwan First Nations
 Reed Institute's Formosa Digital Library
 Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines 
 BBC News: Taiwan's aborigines find new voice (2005-07-04)

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