alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Karuna Church

The Karuna church is a stone church located in Karuna Sauvo, Southwest Finland, Finland. It was designed by Finnish church architect Josef Stenbäck and built in 1908–1910.  The style of the building reflects National Romantic style with Jugendstil features.

The bell tower is located in the southeast corner of the structure the bells of which were made in 1689. The church has the capacity to seat 480 people.  The altar paintings were created by Ilmari Launis.

The older wooden church has been transported into the open-air museum of Seurasaari, Helsinki.

See also
 Karuna

References

External links 

Lutheran churches in Finland
Sauvo
Josef Stenbäck buildings
20th-century Lutheran churches
National Romantic architecture in Finland
Buildings and structures in Southwest Finland
Churches completed in 1910
Art Nouveau church buildings in Finland
20th-century churches in Finland
Windows DNA

Windows DNA, short for Windows Distributed interNet Applications Architecture, is a marketing name for a collection of Microsoft technologies that enable the Windows platform and the Internet to work together. Some of the principal technologies that DNA comprises are ActiveX, Dynamic HTML (DHTML) and COM. Windows DNA has been largely superseded by the Microsoft .NET Framework, and Microsoft no longer uses the term. To support web-based applications, Microsoft has tried to add Internet features into the operating system using COM. However, developing a web-based application using COM-based Windows DNA is quite complex, because Windows DNA requires the use of numerous technologies and languages.
These technologies are completely unrelated from a syntactic point of view.

External links
 Unraveling Windows DNA at MSDN
 Windows DNA at Smart Computing Encyclopedia
 Microsoft's DNA Web page in 1999

Windows communication and services
S-13 rocket

The S-13 is a 122 mm calibre unguided rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force for use by military aircraft. It remains in service with the Russian Aerospace Forces and some other countries.

Development 
The S-13 rocket was developed in the 1970s to meet requirements for a penetrating weapon capable of cratering runways and penetrating hardened aircraft shelters, bunkers and pillboxes, to fill a gap between 80 mm and 240 mm rockets and fulfill a role similar to the 127 mm Zuni rocket. The S-13 is conventional in layout, with a solid rocket motor and folding tail fins that provide stability after launch.

The first trials were in 1973, but it was introduced only in 1983. S-13 rockets are shot from 5-tube launchers B-13L, that can be carried by most of Soviet and Russian attack and new fighter aircraft, like Sukhoi Su-17/20/22, Sukhoi Su-24, Sukhoi Su-25, Sukhoi Su-27, MiG-23BN, MiG-27, MiG-29. B-13L1 launcher is used by helicopters such as Mil Mi-24, Mil Mi-28, Kamov Ka-29TB, Kamov Ka-50 and Kamov Ka-52. S-13 rocket system has been accepted for operation on Sukhoi Su-30MK2, Sukhoi Su-24M, Sukhoi Su-25, Sukhoi Su-35, Yakovlev Yak-130, MiG-29BM, Mil Mi-28N.

Launcher specifications

Rocket specifications

See also
 S-8 rocket
 S-24 rocket
 Ugroza, a proposed upgrade of "dumb" rockets to salvo-fired laser-guided precision missiles

References

 Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two, Yefim Gordon, 
 Mil Mi-24 Hind Attack Helicopter, Yefim Gordon and Dimitri Komissarov, 
 Jane's Air Launched Weapons Issue 36, Duncan Lennox, 
 Robert Grzęda: Npr S-13 i wyrzutnia B-13L in: Aeroplan nr. 1(58)/2006 (in Polish)

External links
 http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2018/september/4531-russian-combat-helicopters-to-receive-new-s-13df-unguided-rockets.html
 http://worldweapon.ru/vertuski/s13.php - photos (and description in Russian)

Air-to-ground rockets of the Soviet Union
Military equipment introduced in the 1970s
Volunteered Slavery

Volunteered Slavery is an album by jazz multi-instrumentalist Roland Kirk containing portions of his 1968  Newport Jazz Festival performance along with studio recordings  from July 1969. It was released on the Atlantic label and features performances by Kirk with Rahn Burton, Vernon Martin, Jimmy Hopps and Joseph "Habao" Texidor, Dick Griffin, Charles McGhee, Sonny Brown, Charles Crosby and the "Roland Kirk Spirit Choir".

Critical reception 
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek states: "Volunteered Slavery, with its beat/African chanted poetry and post-bop blues ethos was certainly the first strike in the right direction... Kirk proves that he is indeed the master of any music he plays because his sense of harmony, rhythm, and melody comes not only from the masters acknowledged, but also from the collective heart of the people the masters touched. It's just awesome".

Track listing
All compositions by Roland Kirk except as indicated.
 "Volunteered Slavery" - 5:43  
 "Spirits Up Above" - 3:37  
 "My Cherie Amour"  (Henry Cosby, Sylvia Moy, Stevie Wonder) - 3:20  
 "Search for the Reason Why" - 2:07  
 "I Say a Little Prayer" (Burt Bacharach, Hal David) - 7:59  
 "Roland's Opening Remarks" - 0:41  
 "One Ton" - 5:02  
 "Ovation and Roland's Remarks" - 1:42  
 "A Tribute to John Coltrane: Lush Life/Afro-Blue/Bessie's Blues" (Billy Strayhorn/Mongo Santamaría/John Coltrane) - 8:14  
 "Three for the Festival" - 4:23  
Recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival, Newport, Rhode Island, July 7, 1968 (tracks 6-10) and Regent Sound Studios, NYC, July 22 (tracks 2 & 4) and 23 (tracks 1, 3, & 5), 1969

Personnel
Roland Kirk: tenor saxophone, manzello, stritch, clarinet, flute, nose flute, whistle, voice, Stylophone
Charles McGhee: trumpet (tracks 1 & 5) 
Dick Griffin: trombone (tracks 1 & 5) 
Ron Burton: piano
Vernon Martin: bass
Charles Crosby: drums (track 1)
Sonny Brown: drums (tracks 2-5)
Jimmy Hopps: drums (tracks 6-10)
Joseph "Habao" Texidor: tambourine
The Roland Kirk Spirit Choir (tracks 1-5)

References

 Volunteered Slavery Liner Notes

1969 albums
Atlantic Records albums
Rahsaan Roland Kirk albums
Albums produced by Joel Dorn
Device under test

A device under test (DUT), also known as equipment under test (EUT) and unit under test (UUT), is a manufactured product undergoing testing, either at first manufacture or later during its life cycle as part of ongoing functional testing and calibration checks. This can include a test after repair to establish that the product is performing in accordance with the original product specification.

Electronics testing
In the electronics industry a DUT is any electronic assembly under test. For example, cell phones coming off of an assembly line may be given a final test in the same way as the individual chips were earlier tested. Each cell phone under test is, briefly, the DUT.

For circuit boards, the DUT is often connected to the test equipment using a bed of nails tester of pogo pins.

Semiconductor testing
In semiconductor testing, the device under test is a die on a wafer or the resulting packaged part. A connection system is used, connecting the part to automatic or manual test equipment.  The test equipment then applies power to the part, supplies stimulus signals, then measures and evaluates the resulting outputs from the device.  In this way, the tester determines whether the particular device under test meets the device specifications.

While packaged as a wafer, automatic test equipment (ATE) can connect to the individual units using a set of microscopic needles.  Once the chips are sawn apart and packaged, test equipment can connect to the chips using ZIF sockets (sometimes called contactors).

See also
 Automatic test equipment
 DUT board
 Product testing
 System under test
 Test bench

References

Semiconductor device fabrication
Electronic engineering
Hardware testing
Product testing
Automatic test equipment
Environmental testing
CJLT-FM

CJLT-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 93.7 FM in Medicine Hat, Alberta. The station is owned by Vista Radio and broadcasts a Christian format branded as 93.7 Praise FM.

The station originally began broadcasting in 2003 as an LPFM on 99.5 FM, then in 2007 received CRTC approval to move to operate as a high powered station at 93.7 FM. On April 5, 2011, the station applied to the CRTC to change CJLT-FM's frequency from 93.7 MHz to 103.3 MHz, as well as increase their power to 58,000 watts; furthermore, they also requested to rescind their "specialty format" status, which would enable them to switch to a soft adult contemporary format. However, the CRTC rejected the proposal, citing that allowing the change would have an undue impact on the revenue of other commercial stations in the market, and reduce the diversity of content.

On October 4, 2012, it was announced that Vista Radio had acquired 93.7 FM from Lighthouse Broadcasting Ltd. On October 15, 2012, at 7 a.m, Vista Radio re-launched Power 93.7 as 93.7 Praise FM, with Jeff Michaels & Warren Affleck on Mornings, Beth Warden and "Today's Family" middays, and Warren Osmond on Afternoon drive.

In December 2017, the CRTC again denied an application by Vista Radio to remove the conditions requiring CJLT to broadcast Christian music (with an intent to flip the station to an indie pop format), under most of the same objections as the previous attempt.

References

External links
 
 
 

Jlt
Jlt
Radio stations established in 2003
2003 establishments in Alberta
Jlt
George William Palmer (New York politician)

George William Palmer (January 13, 1818 – March 12, 1916) was a United States representative from New York. Born in Hoosick, he attended the common schools, the Schodack Academy and Yale College. He studied law, was admitted to the bar about 1840 and commenced practice in Plattsburgh. He was surrogate of Clinton County, New York.

Palmer was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses (March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1861); while in Congress he was chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Thirty-sixth Congress). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1860, and was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Baltimore in 1864. He was appointed United States Consul to Crete by President Abraham Lincoln and was United States judge on the International Court for Suppression of Slave Trade on the West Coast of Africa from 1866 to 1870, when he resigned. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Clinton Co.) in 1885 and 1886. He engaged in iron manufacturing at Clinton, New York. He died in Plattsburgh in 1916; interment was in Riverside Cemetery.

George William Palmer was a nephew of John Palmer, a U.S. Representative from New York, and a cousin of William Elisha Haynes, a U.S. Representative from Ohio.

References

1818 births
1916 deaths
Politicians from Plattsburgh, New York
American diplomats
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
People from Hoosick, New York
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)
19th-century American politicians
Yale College alumni
1999 Luxembourg general election

General elections were held in Luxembourg on 13 June 1999, alongside European Parliament elections. The Christian Social People's Party remained the largest party, winning 19 of the 60 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. It formed a coalition government with the Democratic Party.

Candidates

Results

By locality

The CSV won pluralities in three of the four circonscriptions, falling behind the Democratic Party in Centre (around Luxembourg City) but beating the LSAP in its core Sud constituency.  Much of the realignment nationally can be explained by a weakening of the LSAP's position in Sud, which has the most seats and where the LSAP's share of the vote fell from 33.5% to 29.8%, to the advantage of both the CSV and the DP.

The CSV won pluralities across almost all of the country, winning more votes than any other party in 86 of the country's (then) 118 communes.  The LSAP won pluralities in 14 communes, mostly in the Red Lands in the south.  The DP won 18 communes, particularly in its heartland of Luxembourg City and the surrounding communes.

References

Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg) elections
Luxembourg
Legislative election, 1999
June 1999 events in Europe
Karuna, Finland

Karuna was a  municipality in Southwest Finland region of Western Finland Province, Finland, until 1969 when it merged into the municipality of Sauvo. Part of the former municipality, the village of Sandö, was merged into the municipality of Kimito. In 1963, Karuna had 1,213 inhabitants. About 700 people inhabit the area currently. A peculiarity regarding the church of Karuna is that the older wooden church from 1685 was transported into the open-air museum of Seurasaari, Helsinki, and replaced by a stone church in 1910 designed by Josef Stenbäck.

See also
 Karuna homepage, in Finnish

Sauvo
Populated places disestablished in 1969
Former municipalities of Finland
Yossi Banai

Yosef "Yossi" Banai (; April 13, 1932 – May 11, 2006) was an Israeli performer, singer, actor, and dramatist.

Biography
Banai was born in Jerusalem during the Mandate era, and grew up in the neighborhood of the Mahane Yehuda market. He was one of the more prominent members of a family celebrated for producing several famous performers and musicians: his brothers Gavri, Ya'akov and Haim are actors, his son Yuval and nephews Ehud, Uri, Me'ir and Eviatar are musicians and singers (some of whom occasionally act), and his niece Orna is an actress and comedian.

Banai was one of the first members of the IDF's famous troupe of performers, the Nahal troupe. He dropped out of school in sixth grade to join the theatre, studied acting under Fanny Lovitch and eventually joined the company of Habima theatre. Throughout his lifetime he collaborated with most of the active theatre companies in Israel performing in countless productions. He had a particularly close relationship with playwright Nisim Aloni, and starred in the premiers of many of Aloni's plays. Banai also inaugurated famous roles in the plays of Hanoch Levine and Yaakov Shabtai.

Banai himself wrote several cabaret style revues, which he typically performed solo. He also wrote and directed comic sketches for the comedy trio Hagashash Hachiver, one of whose members was his brother, Gavri.

As a singer, he was famous for his personal presentation, smoky voice and penchant for performing French chansons. Some of his revues consisted of renditions of the songs of Jacques Brel and Georges Brassens, which were often translated from French for him by Naomi Shemer. Shemer also wrote several of her own songs for Banai.

He died of cancer in Tel Aviv. He was survived by his wife and three sons (one of whom is Yuval Banai, lead singer of one of Israel's most influential pop rock bands Mashina).

Awards
In 1998, Banai was awarded the Israel Prize for "stage arts – theatre" for his contribution to Israeli theatre.

Filmography

References

External links

See also
List of Israel Prize recipients

1932 births
2006 deaths
Israeli male film actors
20th-century Israeli male singers
Israeli male stage actors
Israel Prize in theatre recipients
Male actors from Jerusalem
Israeli entertainers
Yossi
Deaths from cancer in Israel
Israeli people of Iranian-Jewish descent
Musicians from Jerusalem
Antonio Solalinde

Antonio García de Solalinde (28 December 1892 in Toro, Spain – 13 July 1937 in Madison, Wisconsin) was a writer, professor and philologist.

Life 
He was born in the town of Toro in the province of Zamoro, Spain. He was educated at the University of Madrid, receiving his Licenciado en Letras, 1918, and his Doctor en Letras, 1924.

He was director of the Escuela Española de Historia y Arqueología en Roma (EEHAR) (Spanish School of History and Archaeology in Rome) and an important collaborator in the Revista de Filología Española (Magazine of Spanish Philology). Solalinde eventually relocated to the United States where he was employed as a professor at a number of diverse universities.

He published a number of scholarly works, including Milagros de Nuestra Señora, a treatise on Gonzalo de Berceo, and diverse articles relating to the work of king Alfonso X of Castile and his relationship to the Siete Partidas, Spain's seven part legal code that was followed for centuries both there and in Latin America, such as El códice florentino de las 'Cantigas' y su relación con los demás manuscritos (The Florentine codex of the 'Songs' and its relation with other manuscripts)  and Intervención personal de Alfonso X en la redacción de sus obras (the personal Intervention of Alfonso X in the writing of his works).

Solalinde was married to the writer and painter Jesusa Alfau Galván de Solalinde. He died in 1937 of a heart attack while an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

References

External links
Article about Alfonso X of Castile discussing Solalinde's scholarly contributions.

1892 births
1937 deaths
Spanish philologists
Spanish male writers
20th-century philologists
Spanish emigrants to the United States
I Trust You to Kill Me (film)

I Trust You To Kill Me, released in January 2006, is a documentary film directed by Manu Boyer and featuring the California band Rocco DeLuca and the Burden and Canadian actor Kiefer Sutherland, who acted as the band's tour manager during their 2006 European tour.  The band is currently signed to Sutherland's independent record label Ironworks.

Originally broadcast in the UK on Sky One in February 2006, it has also been released on DVD in North America (NTSC) and broadcast on the American cable television channel VH1.  Other DVD release dates are unknown.

The film was rated 7.2 on IMDb.

References

External links
 

2006 films
American documentary films
Documentary films about rock music and musicians
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
List of ambassadors of Luxembourg to India

The ambassador from Luxembourg to India is the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg's foremost diplomatic representative in the Republic of India, and in charge of Luxembourg's diplomatic mission in India.

The embassy is in New Delhi, and was opened in 2002.

List of heads of mission

Ambassador to India

 Paul Steinmetz (2002–2007)
 Marc Courte (2007-2011)
 Gaston Stronck (2011-2014)
 Sam Schreiner (2014–2018)
 Jean Claude Kugener (2018–2021)
 Peggy Frantzen (2021–present)

India
Ambassadors of Luxembourg to India
Luxembourg
Karl Liebknecht (film series)

Karl Liebknecht is a two-part East German film series directed by Günter Reisch, about the German communist leader Karl Liebknecht (1871–1919), starring Horst Schulze in the part as Liebknecht, and Lyudmila Kasyanova as Sophie Liebknecht.
The first film, from 1965, Karl Liebknecht - Solange Leben in mir ist.
The second film, from 1972, Karl Liebknecht - Trotz alledem!

Cast
 Horst Schulze: Karl Liebknecht
 Ludmila Kasjanowa: Sophie Liebknecht
 Rita Krips: Vera Liebknecht
 Mikhail Ulyanov: Frolow
 Albert Hetterle: Paul Schreiner
 Erika Dunkelmann: Milda Schreiner
 Jutta Hoffmann: Käthe Schreiner
 Stefan Lisewski: Werner Gutjahr
 Albert Garbe: Albin Holzer
 Fred Delmare: Waldemar Lehmann
 Wolfgang Ostberg: Ernst Lemke
 Hans Hardt-Hardtloff: Tischler
 Horst-Tanu Margraf: Professor Wendler
 Zofia Rysiówna: Rosa Luxemburg
 Erich Mirek: Wilhelm Pieck
 Siegfried Weiss: Franz Mehring
 Hans Finohr: Georg Ledebour
 Adolf Peter Hoffmann: Gustav Noske
 Otto Lang: Philipp Scheidemann
 Harald Halgardt: Kaiser Wilhelm II.
 Werner Dissel: Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
 Otto Roland: Minister of War
 Alfred Müller: Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
 Arthur Jopp: Albert Südekum
 Peter Sturm: Ober

See also
Ernst Thälmann (film)

External links

1965 films
1972 films
East German films
1960s German-language films
Films set in Berlin
German biographical films
Biographical films about revolutionaries
Films set in the 1910s
German film series
Cultural depictions of Karl Liebknecht
Cultural depictions of Rosa Luxemburg
Cultural depictions of Wilhelm II
1960s German films
1970s German films
Giuseppe Sommaruga

Giuseppe Sommaruga (1867–1917) was an Italian architect of the Liberty style or Art nouveau movement. He was the pupil of Camillo Boito and Luca Beltrami to the Brera Academy in Milan. His monumental architecture exerted some influence on the futurist architect Antonio Sant'Elia.

Some of his works:        
 Grand Hotel Campo dei Fiori in Campo dei Fiori, close to Varese (1909–1912)
 Mausoleo Faccanoni in Sarnico (1907)
 Villa Faccanoni in Sarnico
 Palazzina Salmoiraghi, Milan (destroyed)
 Palazzo Castiglioni (1901–1904) in Milan
 Villa Romeo Faccanoni (1912-1914), now part of Clinica Columbus, in Milan

References

Bibliography 
 VV.AA. Angiolo Mazzoni e l'Architettura Futurista, Supplement of CE.S.A.R. September/December 2008 (Available at )
 Andrea Speziali. Italian Liberty. Una nuova stagione dell'Art Nouveau, Risguardi, Forlì 2015

External links 
 Website to celebrate the centennial of his death

19th-century Italian architects
20th-century Italian architects
Architects from Milan
1867 births
1917 deaths
Brera Academy alumni
Art Nouveau architects
Brunelli procedure

The Brunelli Procedure is a surgical procedure that can be used to correct instability in the wrist. Instability in the wrist can be caused by a torn Scapholunate ligament. The Brunelli Procedure does not fix the torn ligament.  A hole is drilled through the Scaphoid bone and a part of a tendon taken from the patient is put through this hole and attached to the nearby bones. The procedure usually results in reduced movement of the wrist. Instability in the wrist can, over time, lead to wrist osteoarthritis.

Video showing the surgical procedure performed on a human hand is found here.

References

Orthopedic surgical procedures
Tower Power

Tower Power was the 1994 game for the FIRST Robotics Competition.

Field

The Playing Field was a carpeted regular dodecagon which measured  across. The surface consists of a closed loop, low piled carpet. The perimeter of the field was defined by four-by-four boards.  At the beginning of a match, there were 36 soccer balls (12 of each color: red, white or blue) arranged into 6 piles of 6 identical balls each.  Each team was assigned a color and must collect only balls of their color during the game.

Robots
Each robot had to weigh no more than  and fit, unconstrained, inside a  cylinder that was  tall. The robots used six motors which were powered by a MAW 23 volt battery.

Scoring
In each match, the three teams competed to place the 12 balls of their team color inside either the high goal, worth 3 points per ball, or the low goal, worth one point per ball. The winner was the team that had the highest total point value of soccer balls within the two goals at the end of the 2 minute match. In the case of a tie, the team with more balls in the upper goal won.

References

External links

1994 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Ramp 'n Roll

Ramp n' Roll was the 1995 game for the FIRST Robotics Competition.

Field

The playing field is a carpeted modified T-shaped area. The goal area is made up of three ramps and two slopes leading to a square platform. In each match, three teams compete to put their own balls over a field goal.

Robots
Each robot had to weigh no more than  and fit, unconstrained, inside a cylinder with a diameter of  and a height of . The robots used two 12 volt Milwaukee drill motors, four Delco car seat motors, and two Textron pneumatic pumps which, through a customized remote control system, were powered by two 12 volt Milwaukee Drill batteries.

Scoring
Two points are scored to score a  diameter ball over the goal and three points are awarded for passing a  diameter ball through the field goal. In the case of a tie, the higher large ball in the goal area breaks the tie. If no balls are within the goal area, the large ball closest to the center of the top of the platform wins.

References

External links

1995 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Hexagon Havoc

Hexagon Havoc was the 1996 game for the FIRST Robotics Competition. Seeding games of 1-on-1-on-1 were played double-elimination to determine the teams for the finals rounds. In the finals, robots played 1-on-1 in a best 2 out of 3.

Field
The playing field was a carpeted, hexagon-shaped area with a central goal. Around the perimeter of the field were three stations for the human players who assisted the remote controlled robots on the field to score points. There were twelve  diameter balls and two  diameter balls per team, color-coded by team. At the start of each match, all of the small balls and three of the large balls are on the playing field, while the other three large balls are located on the triangular corners of the central goal.

Robots
Each robot had to weigh no more than  and fit unconstrained inside a  cube. The robots used two 12 volt Milwaukee drill motors, four Delco car seat motors, and two Textron pneumatic pumps which were operated through a customized remote-control system.

Scoring
In two-minute matches, the three robots, with their human partners, scored points by placing the balls in the central goal. The balls were carried, pushed or thrown into the goal by the robots. The human players could score by throwing balls into the central goal, but were not allowed on the playing field as they were seat-belted down at their stations.

Points were awarded for balls located in the central goal at the conclusion of each two-minute match. Each small ball in or above the hexagonal portion of the central goal was worth three points. Each large ball located in or above the hexagonal portion of the central goal was worth ten points. Each large ball on or over the triangular corners of the goal was worth five points. The team with the highest score in a match was the winner. In the case of a tie, the team with the highest large ball in the goal won. If no large balls were in the goal ties were broken by the large ball closest to the center of the goal.

References

External links

1996 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Ladder Logic

Ladder Logic was the game for the 1998 FIRST Robotics Competition.

Field
The playing field is a carpeted, hexagon-shaped area with an  tall central goal. Three horizontal rail goals extend outward from the center. Each ball placed on the rail goals scores points and each ball in the center doubles the team's score. Around the perimeter of the field are three stations for human players, who work with remote controlled robots on the field to score points. At the start of each match, each team has 3 colored ball at their player station and three balls on the field, and three balls on the rails.

Robots
Each robot can weigh up to , and must start each match small enough to fit inside a 30" x 36" x 48" space. The robots are powered by two Skil 12 volt rechargeable batteries and use motors from Skil, Delco, and Delphi Interior and Lighting, speed controllers from Tekin, pumps from McCord Winn Textron, air cylinders and valves from Numatics, Inc., and a programmable control system supplied by FIRST. Drivers use joysticks from CH Products and switches from Honeywell to remotely control the robots via a radio link which uses RNet wireless modems from Motorola.

Scoring

In two-minute matches, the three robots and human players score points by putting rubber balls into the center goal and along the rails. The balls are color-coded to identify team ownership. Human players are not allowed onto the field, but they may handballs to the robots or throw balls directly into the center goal. At the end of the match, each ball on the upper third of the ladder is worth three points, a ball on the middle third of the ladder is worth two points and a ball on the lower third of the ladder is worth one point. Each ball in the center goal will double a team's score. The winner of the match is the team with the highest score.

Events

The following regional events were held in 1998:
Week 1
 Houston Regional - Johnson Space Center, Houston
Week 2
 Motorola Midwest Regional - William Rainey Harper College, Chicago
 DEKA New England Regional - New Hampshire College (now Southern New Hampshire University), Manchester, NH
Week 3
 Johnson & Johnson Mid-Atlantic Regional - Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
 Great Lakes Regional - Eastern Michigan University, Detroit

The national championship was held at Epcot Center, Disney World, Orlando.

References

External links

1998 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Co-Opertition FIRST

Co-Opertition FIRST was the 2000 game for the FIRST Robotics Competition.

Field
The playing field was a carpeted, rectangular area with two  high goals located midfield, one goal for each alliance. There is a  clearance bar under each goal. Between the goals is an  wide ramp with a  clearance bar, which robots may hang on to score points. Around the perimeter of the field are four stations for human players, who work with remote controlled robots on the field to score points. At the start of each match, each alliance station contains seven yellow balls and one black ball. Fifteen yellow balls and two black balls are located at the far end of the playing field.

Robots
Each robot can weigh up to , and must start each match small enough to fit inside a 30" x 36" x 5' space. The robots are powered by a sealed lead-acid battery from Yuasa Exide, Inc. and use motors from S-B Power Tool Company, ITT Automotive, Keyang, Globe Motor, and Delphi Interior and Lighting. They also use speed controllers and a programmable control system supplied by FIRST. Drivers use joysticks from CH Products and switches from Honeywell to remotely control the robots via a radio link which uses RNet wireless modems from Motorola.

Scoring
Each match is two minutes long. Alliances receive one point for each yellow ball and five points for each black ball in their goal, and not in contact with their robot. Robots that are completely on the ramp each earn five points for their alliance. A robot hanging from the horizontal bar connecting the two goals earns ten points for its alliance.

"Co-Opertition"
The idea of Co-opertition stems from the games scoring for the qualifying matches.  The winning alliance receives 3x the loser's score as their qualifying points.  Thus, it is more beneficial to win a match 10-9 than 20–0.

Events

The following regional events were held in 2000:
Week 1
 Kennedy Space Center Southeast Regional - Kennedy Space Center, FL
 Great Lakes Regional - Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI

Week 2
 Johnson & Johnson Mid-Atlantic Regional - Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
 NASA Langley/VCU Regional - Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
 Lone Star Regional - Astro Arena Complex, Houston

Week 3
 Philadelphia Alliance Regional - Drexel University, Philadelphia
 Motorola Midwest Regional - Northwestern University, Evanston, Il
 Long Island Regional - Suffolk County Community College, Long Island, NY

Week 4
 UTC New England Regional - Meadows Music Theater, Hartford, CT
 NASA Ames Regional - San Jose State University, San Jose, CA

Championship
The national championship was held at Epcot Center, Disney World, Orlando. The Championship  Alliance consisted of Teams 255, 232, and Team 25. Teams 255 and 232 no longer compete.

References

External links

2000 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Diabolical Dynamics

Diabolical Dynamics was the 2001 game for the FIRST Robotics Competition.

Field

The playing field is a carpeted, rectangular area. Dividing the field in half is an  high railing with a central bridge, which can tilt to either side of the field or remain level.  Two  high movable goals begin on opposite sides of the field. Around the perimeter of the field are two stations for human players, who work with remote controlled robots on the field to score points. At the start of each match, the alliance station contains twenty small balls. An additional twenty small balls and four large balls are located at the far end of the playing field.

Robots
Each robot can weigh up to , and must start each match small enough to fit inside a 30" x 36" x 5' space (0.76 m x 0.91 m x 1.52 m).

Scoring
Each match is a maximum of two minutes long.  Alliances can end the match at any time. Alliances score one point for each small ball in the goal, ten points for each large ball in the goal, ten points for each robot in the End Zone, and ten points if the stretcher is in the End Zone. The alliance doubles its score for each goal that is on the bridge if the bridge is balanced, and multiplies its score by a factor of up to three by ending the match before the two-minute time limit. Each team receives the alliance score. A team multiplies its score by 1.1 if its large ball is on top of a goal. Scores are rounded up to the nearest whole point after applying all multipliers.

Reception
While most participants did not like the lack of "red versus blue" competition within matches, others praised the game for its inventiveness and emphasis on cooperation. A few consider it one of the best FIRST games designed.

Events
The following regional events were held in 2001:
 Kennedy Space Center Southeast Regional - Kennedy Space Center, Florida
 UTC New England Regional - Meadows Music Theater, Hartford, Connecticut
 SBPLI Long Island Regional - Suffolk County Community College, Long Island, New York
 NASA Langley/VCU/School of Engineering FIRST Robotics Competition - Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
 West Michigan Regional - Grand Rapids Community college, Grand Rapids, Michigan
 Johnson & Johnson Mid-Atlantic Regional - Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
 Lone Star Regional - Reliant Arena, Houston, Texas
 New York City FIRST! Regional - Columbia University, New York City
 Southern California Regional - Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California
 Great Lakes Regional - Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan
 Motorola Midwest Regional - Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
 Philadelphia Alliance Regional - Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 Silicon Valley Regional - San Jose State University, San Jose, California

The national championship was held at Epcot Center, Disney World, Orlando, Florida.

References

External links

2001 in robotics
FIRST Robotics Competition games
Kirana Bar

Kirana Bar or Karana Bar forms part of the Bar Region in Pakistani Punjab. 

It is a portion of the Jech Doab, and it takes its name from the Kirana Hills found here. It covers the area between the western side of Chenab and the eastern side of Jhelum.

The hills are not, as generally assumed, outliers of the Salt Range. This region is divided between the Sargodha and Jhang districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Bar stands for an area of natural jungle or wild forest and an area of human settlement as it was before colonisation by the British Government.

This area starts from the northwest of Hissár country near the bank of river Chenab with an abrupt high ridge and this high bank of bar fades away a little distance east of the boundary of the Chiniot and Jhang tehsils, opposite the village of Kot Mohla.

The lands of the Kirana Bár to the east and south of the hills are of superb quality for agriculture. After slight showers of rain, the whole land is carpeted with grass. Better rain crops are grown here than in the Sandal Bar. To the west of Kirana and westwards until the villages near the Jhelum River are reached, the bar soil deteriorates, and more and more kallar (water logging) is found. The Kirana bár is demarcated from the 'Utar' (North) by the same fall or slope as the Sandal Bar. Generally, this ledge forms the boundary between the villages and the Government waste grounds. But few villages possess lands beyond the high bank, or 'Nakka' as it is called. The flora of this Bár is much the same as that of the Sándal. Sajjí is produced to the southwest of Kirána. Some peculiar grasses grow on and near the hills, that are considered to be of most excellent quality.

See also
 Sandal Bar
 Mountain ranges of Pakistan
 List of mountains in Pakistan

References

Landforms of Punjab (Pakistan)
Regions of Punjab, Pakistan
List of ambassadors of Luxembourg to the United States

The Ambassador of Luxembourg to the United States is the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg's foremost diplomatic representative in the United States of America, and in charge of Luxembourg's diplomatic mission in the United States.

In addition, the ambassador serves concurrently as the non-resident ambassador to Canada, non-resident ambassador to Mexico, and permanent observer to the Organization of American States, all of which are ambassadorial positions in their own right.

The embassy is in Washington DC, and was opened by the government in exile in 1940.

List of heads of mission

Ambassador to the United States
 Hughes Le Gallais (1940–1958)
 Georges Heisbourg (1958–1964)
 Maurice Steinmetz (1964–1969)
 Jean Wagner (1969–1974)
 Adrien Meisch (1974–1983)
 Paul Peters (1983–1987)
 André Philippe (1987–1991)
 Alphonse Berns (1991–1998)
 Arlette Conzemius (1998–2005)
 Joseph Weyland (2005–2008)
 Jean-Paul Senninger (2008 -2012) 
 Jean-Louis Wolzfeld (2012-2016) 
 Sylvie Lucas (2016–2019) 
 Gaston Stronck (2019-2021)  
 Nicole Bintner-Bakshian (2021-present)

References

External links
Embassy of Luxembourg in Washington D.C.

United States, Ambassadors from Luxembourg to

Luxembourg
Lachlan Shire

Lachlan Shire is a local government area in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Lachlan River, the Lachlan Valley Way and the Broken Hill railway line.

The largest town and council seat is Condobolin.  The Shire also includes the towns and villages of Albert, Burcher, Fifield, Lake Cargelligo, Tottenham and Tullibigeal.

The mayor of Lachlan Shire Council is Cr. John Medcalf, who is unaligned with any political party.

Heritage listings
The Lachlan Shire has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 Condobolin, McDonnell Street: All Saints' Anglican Church, Condobolin

Council

Current composition and election method
Lachlan Shire Council is composed of ten councillors elected proportionally as five separate wards, each electing two councillors. All councillors are elected for a fixed four-year term of office. The mayor is elected by the councillors at the first meeting of the council. The most recent election was held on 10 September 2016, and the makeup of the council is as follows:

The current Council, elected in 2016, in order of election by ward, is:

References

External links

 
Local government areas of New South Wales
Land Launch

Land Launch refers to a service product of Sea Launch SA. There is no entity or company called Land Launch. Sea Launch created the Land Launch offering to address lighter satellites directly into geosynchronous orbit or into geosynchronous transfer orbit, while Sea Launch continues to address the heavy satellite launch market.

In 2002, Sea Launch created Land Launch with its Russian and Ukrainian partners. The Russian and Ukrainian partners formed a Russian company Space International Services (SIS) to provide the launch services and launch operations. While the Sea Launch company maintains the rights to market Land Launch to the commercial community, the new entity SIS can market launch services to government customers.

Land Launch uses Zenit rockets to conduct commercial satellite launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 45/1 in Kazakhstan. Land Launch missions differ from Sea Launch missions in that the Zenit-3SLB is used, as opposed to the Zenit-3SL. The Zenit-3SLB utilizes substantially the same components as the Zenit-3SL but a smaller payload fairing is used to accommodate the smaller satellites launched from its northern operating location.

The first launch was conducted on 28 April 2008 at 05:00 GMT, when a Zenit-3SLB was used to place AMOS-3 (AMOS-60) a communications satellite, into a geosynchronous orbit.

A second launch was completed on February 26, 2009, when Land Launch successfully launched the Telstar 11N mission.

A commercial version of the two-stage Zenit-2M, the Zenit-2SLB, is also offered for commercial launches utilizing Land Launch. However no launches have been contracted for this smaller rocket.

Launches

See also
 Expendable launch system
 Sea Launch

References

External links
 Land Launch Home Page

Commercial launch service providers
Space industry companies of Russia
Libraries in Dallas

Dallas is a city in  Texas, United States.

Dallas Public Library

The city of Dallas is served by the Dallas Public Library system.  The system was originally created by the Dallas Federation of Women's Clubs with efforts spearheaded by then-president Mrs. Henry (May Dickson) Exall. Her work in raising money led to a grant from philanthropist and steel baron Andrew Carnegie, which enabled the construction of the first branch in 1901. Today the library operates 25 branch locations throughout the city  including the J. Erik Jonsson Central Library, the eight-story main branch in the Government District of downtown.

Branches

Arcadia Park Branch Library in West Dallas
Audelia Road Branch Library in Lake Highlands
Bachman Lake Library in North Dallas
Casa View Branch Library in the Casa Linda neighborhood of east Dallas
Dallas West Branch Library in West Dallas
Forest Green Branch Library in Lake Highlands
Fretz Park Branch Library in North Dallas
Grauwyler Park Branch Library in Dallas
Hampton-Illinois Branch Library in Oak Cliff
Highland Hills Branch Library in the Highland Hills neighborhood of South Dallas
Kleberg-Rylie Branch Library in far Southeast Dallas
Lakewood Branch Library in Lakewood
Martin Luther King Jr. Library and Learning Center near Fair Park
Mountain Creek Branch Library in Mountain Creek
North Oak Cliff Branch Library in Oak Cliff
Oak Lawn Branch Library in Oak Lawn
Park Forest Branch Library in North Dallas
Paul Laurence Dunbar Lancaster-Kiest Branch Library in South Dallas
Pleasant Grove Branch Library in Pleasant Grove
Polk-Wisdom Branch Library in Southwest Dallas
Preston Royal Branch Library in North Dallas
Renner Frankford Branch Library in Far North Dallas
Skillman Southwestern Branch Library in East Dallas
Skyline Branch Library in East Dallas
Timberglen Branch Library in Far North Dallas

UT Southwestern Medical Library

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in the Stemmons Corridor operates a library across two branches on its north and south campuses. The library holds 259,000 volumes in all formats, including 86,000 books and 54,000 full-text electronic journals.

References

External links
 Dallas Public Library
Mary Kingston

Mary Kingston (born 29 May 1970 in Inchydoney, County Cork), is an Irish children's television presenter and philanthropist. She presented The Disney Club on RTÉ Two. She also presented Scratch Saturday and The Works.

Early life
Kingston grew up in the small seaside area of Inchydoney, the third eldest in a family of eight children. In 1981, after leaving primary school, she started attending the Sacred Heart Secondary School, Convent of Mercy, in nearby Clonakilty.

Career
In college, she studied Communication studies and graduated with an Honours Degree. After leaving college, she joined Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) as a children's television presenter, and has worked there since. She was an outside broadcast presenter on early Saturday-morning TV show Scratch Saturday, she then presented The Works, a kids science programme, for four years where she became known for her catchphrase, distinguishable by her regional accent: "Are you laughing?". She was a regular on The Den before hosting The Disney Club and Mary K in The Loft on Sunday mornings. For the next five years she has presented The Children of Ireland Awards with the then Taoiseach Bertie Ahern. In 2003, she took part in Celebrity Farm on RTÉ. In 2005, she took part in The Restaurant.

Kingston has authored a children's book, Fantastic Far-Flung Facts for Fun. The book describes her journey from Africa to Asia to South America to Madagascar, it's a compilation of the many Fantastic facts she learned along the way, it includes hundreds of the photos Kingston took and endorses her sentiment "Leave only footprints, take only memories .........and photos!"

Personal life
She has travelled extensively, and holds a PADI Open Water Scuba Diving licence.

She has been involved in charity work for a number of organisations involved in the welfare of children and animals. She has spent time working with children who have a diagnosis of AIDS in a reconstructed modern hospital in Bucharest, Romania, called Dr Victor Babes. She is the junior patron for the Dublin Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (DSPCA).

External links
 Mary Kingston - In 10 brief lines, facts compiled on RTÉ.ie page for The Den
 Biography on RTÉ.ie page for TV programme Celebrity Farm
 Far-Flung Facts for Fun, Mary's 2004 children's book.

1970 births
Living people
Irish children's television presenters
Echo Island presenters
Participants in Irish reality television series
Broadcasters from County Cork
RTÉ television presenters
Howard Davies (director)

Stephen Howard Davies,  (26 April 1945 – 25 October 2016) was a British theatre and television director.

Early life
Davies was the son of miner and glassblower Thomas Emrys Davies, from Maesteg, and Hilda Bevan. He was born in Reading, England. He was educated at Christ's Hospital school, Horsham and then studied at Durham University (1963-1966) and Bristol University, where he developed an appreciation for the works of Bertolt Brecht.

Career
In the early 1970s, Davies worked extensively with the Bristol Old Vic and the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, and he served as an associate director for both the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he directed Les liaisons dangereuses, Macbeth, and Troilus and Cressida. He also did much work for the Royal National Theatre, where his projects included Hedda Gabler, The House of Bernarda Alba, Pygmalion, The Crucible, The Shaughraun, and Paul., and where he directed Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard which opened in May 2011 and was broadcast on 30 June 2011 as part of National Theatre Live. At the Almeida Theatre he directed Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and The Play About the Baby, whilst at the Hampstead Theatre he directed the 2012 premiere of 55 Days.

His opera credits include Idomeneo, The Italian Girl in Algiers, Eugene Onegin, and I due Foscari, and he directed the opera-related play After Aida 1985–86 in Wales and at the Old Vic Theatre.

Davies' work in West End theatre won him the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Director for The Iceman Cometh, All My Sons and The White Guard; the London Critics Circle Award for Best Director for Mourning Becomes Electra and The Iceman Cometh; and the Evening Standard Award for Best Director for All My Sons and Flight.

Davies made his Broadway debut with Piaf in 1981. His Broadway credits also include Les liaisons dangereuses, the 1990 revival of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, the 1993 revival of My Fair Lady, Translations, the 1999 revival of The Iceman Cometh, the 2002 revival of Private Lives, and the 2007 revival of A Moon for the Misbegotten. He was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play thrice but did not win, and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Play three times, winning for Les liaisons dangereuses.

Davies' screen credits include the television films Copenhagen and Blue/Orange and the feature film The Secret Rapture.

Davies was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours, for services to drama.

Personal life and death
Davies was married to actress Clare Holman. He was previously married to Susan Wall with whom he had two daughters, Hannah Davies, a journalist, and Kate Davies.

Davies died of oesophageal cancer on 25 October 2016 at the age of 71.

References

External links 

Video interview

1945 births
2016 deaths
British theatre directors
British film directors
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Drama Desk Award winners
Laurence Olivier Award winners
Alumni of St Cuthbert's Society, Durham
Diamer

Diamer may refer to:

 Nanga Parbat, locally known as Diamer
 Diamer District, Pakistan
 Diamer, Mauritania

See also 
 Diamer-Bhasha Dam
Trotz alledem

Trotz alledem is German for "despite everything". It can refer to:

 Trotz alledem, a German version of the Burns song A Man's A Man for A' That which was popular during the 1848 revolutions
 Karl Liebknecht - Trotz alledem!, the second film in the Karl Liebknecht series

See also
 Trotz Allem, a German youth club