alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Trophimoi

The trophimoi (Greek: τρόφιμοι, students  or pupils, from τροφός trophós food) were children of non-Spartan citizens (perioeci or foreigners), who underwent Spartan education.

The trophimoi were temporarily adopted by a Spartan oikos. The trophimoi sons of Perioeci represented, like the neodamodes and the nothoi (natural sons of slaves and citizens), an intermediate class at Sparta. They could rise to the status of citizens. According to Plutarch, Agis IV intended them to strengthen the citizenry, which had become too meagre for Sparta's wartime necessities.

The foreign trophimoi normally left Sparta to return to their native towns, where they increased Sparta's influence. Thus, on the invitation of Agesilaus II, Xenophon had raised his own sons at Sparta.

However, some trophomoi preferred to remain, and fought in the civic army. That was the case, for example, of the army that Agesipolis I sent to besiege Phlius in 381 BC:

There followed with him also many of the Perioeci as volunteers, men of the better class, and aliens who belonged to the so-called foster-children [i.e. Trophimoi] of Sparta, and sons of the Spartiatae by Helot women, exceedingly finelooking men, not without experience of the good gifts of the state. (Xénophon Hellenica, V. 3)

References

 Edmond Lévy, Sparte : histoire politique et sociale jusqu’à la conquête romaine (Sparta: Political and Social History Until the Roman Conquest),  Points Histoire, Paris, 2003 ().

Social classes of Sparta
Andrew Sawyer

Andrew "Andy" Sawyer (born 1952) is a librarian, critic and editor, as well as an active part of science fiction fandom (although he himself has not written much science fiction). He was educated at the Duke of York's Royal Military School, Dover and the University of East Anglia. He is married (to Mary) with two daughters. 

Sawyer had a long career as the Librarian/Administrator of the Science Fiction Foundation Collection in the Special Collections Department in the Sydney Jones Library at the University of Liverpool, as well as Course Director of the University's M.A. in Science Fiction Studies program. He also serves as Reviews Editor for Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction. For his work and commitment to the science fiction community, the Science Fiction Research Association awarded him their Thomas D. Clareson Award for Distinguished Service in 2008. He has served as a judge for the Arthur C Clarke Award.

As a critic and editor he writes especially on science fiction and fantasy, but also on other topics of popular literature and popular culture. In addition to Speaking Science Fiction: Dialogues and Interpretations, which he co-edited with David Seed (Liverpool University Press, 2000), his publications include:

 "The Mechanical Art" (short story) in the anthology Digital Dreams (1990)
 "M.R. James in China" 
 "'Backward, Turn Backward': Narratives of Reversed Time in Science Fiction" 
 "The Shadows out of Time: H. P. Lovecraftian Echoes in Babylon 5"
 "Back with Bunter" (about Frank Richards)
 "Re-assessing one of the earliest books about popular fiction: Q. D. Leavis’s famous tirade against bestsellers"
 "Fairy-Tale Horror" (about V. C. Andrews)
 "Far Seeing?" (about Joan Grant)
 "John Wyndham and the Fantastic"
 "Magnolia Blossom and Whiplash" (about Kyle Onstott and Lance Horner)

External links
 The Science Fiction Foundation
 University of Liverpool M.A. in Science Fiction Studies program
 Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction
 The Science Fiction Hub

1952 births
Living people
English librarians
English literary critics
British speculative fiction critics
British speculative fiction editors
Academics of the University of Liverpool
Science fiction editors
Science fiction critics
Eef Barzelay

Ifar "Eef" Barzelay (born May 12, 1970) is an Israeli-American musician. He is the principal songwriter and singer of alternative country band Clem Snide, but has also toured as a solo act, both as a headliner and in support of various artists such as Ben Folds.

Early life
Born in Tel Aviv, Israel on May 12, 1970, Barzelay grew up in Teaneck, New Jersey, and attended Teaneck High School.

Career

In 2006, Barzelay released his debut solo album entitled Bitter Honey. In 2007, he composed many original tracks for the film Rocket Science. Barzelay's second solo album, Lose Big, was released on June 17, 2008, on 429 records. In 2009, Barzelay reformed Clem Snide.

At the A.V. Fest 2011 in Chicago, Illinois, Barzelay performed the music of the popular rock band Journey.

In 2014 Barzelay recorded a version of Bee Gees's "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" for a fundraising CD titled "More Super Hits Of The Seventies" for radio station WFMU. He also wrote and recorded five songs for the Rudderless soundtrack such as "Sam Spirals" and "A Day on the Water".

Discography
 Bitter Honey (CD) – spinART – February 21, 2006
 Rocket Science (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) (CD) – Lakeshore Records – August 7, 2007
 Lose Big (CD) – 429 Records – June 17, 2008
 Black Tin Rocket: Songs of the Transmissionary Six EP (Digital download) – Bandcamp release – March 14, 2011
 Bitter Honey (Redux) (Digital Download) – Bandcamp release – March 31, 2011
 Clem Snide's Journey (Vinyl, Digital Download) – Bandcamp release – June 29, 2011
 Fan Chosen Covers (Best lets see if this works Of) (Digital download) – Bandcamp release – September 20, 2011
 Janie Jones - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (CD, digital download) – Nettwerk – October 11, 2011
 Girls Come First (Digital Download) Bandcamp release – March 4, 2015

References

External links
 2007 Eef Barzelay Interview at Bandega.com 
 Eef Barzelay 15-05-2008 on Program tv Tesis of Canal 2 Andalusia
 Clem Snide's official site.[Currently unavailable]

1970 births
Living people
Israeli Jews
Israeli emigrants to the United States
Jewish American musicians
Musicians from Teaneck, New Jersey
429 Records artists
Jewish rock musicians
Songwriters from New Jersey
21st-century American singers
SpinART Records artists
21st-century American Jews
Qiana

Qiana ( ) is a silky nylon fiber developed in 1962 at the DuPont Experimental Station by Stanley Brooke Speck. The fiber was named Qiana when introduced by DuPont in 1968. Initially intended for high-end fashions, it became a popular material in the 1970s for faux-silk men's shirts, displaying bold patterns. The shirts were generally cut tight and included wide collars to fit over the collars of the double-knit suit coats, which were worn popularly to discos.

Qiana is described in U.S. patent 3249591 as a polyamide fabric having improved resilience and silk-like hand, combined with superior wash-wear performance. The polymer is prepared from 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and dodecanedioic acid.

Although the fiber described in the above patent provided "wash and wear" properties because of the chemical composition of the polymer, fabrics from this fiber did not have the aesthetic properties of silk desired in the total Qiana product package.  To provide silk-like aesthetics differential shrinkage technology was added to the basic polymer technology wherein half of the fibers in a yarn bundle shrink more than the other half.  This technology is described in U.S. Patent # 3,416,302 granted December 17, 1968, to Dr. Robert H. Knospe, assignor to E.I. du Pont de Nemours.

References

External links
U.S. Patent 3249591 filed June 1, 1962, issued May 3, 1966
Trademark 72298898 filed May 23, 1968, issued November 19, 1968

DuPont products
Brand name materials
Synthetic fibers
Products introduced in 1962
Price Cobb

Price Cobb (born December 10, 1954) is an American race car driver. He won the 1990 24 Hours of Le Mans together with John Nielsen and Martin Brundle in a Jaguar XJR-12. He also owned an Indy Racing League team in 1998 and 1999 for Roberto Guerrero and Jim Guthrie. He also has authored a number of books on auto racing.

Price is retired from most recently working in Austin, Texas with Moorespeed as general manager.

Racing record

SCCA National Championship Runoffs

24 Hours of Le Mans results

References

External links
Price Cobb's official website

1954 births
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans winning drivers
Atlantic Championship drivers
SCCA Formula Super Vee drivers
IndyCar Series team owners
Living people
Racing drivers from Texas
Sportspeople from Dallas
Trans-Am Series drivers
World Sportscar Championship drivers
SCCA National Championship Runoffs participants

Porsche Motorsports drivers
Jaguar Racing drivers
Banville, Calvados

Banville () is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Banvillais or Banvillaises.

Geography
Banville is located in the Bessin area some 3 km south-west of Courseulles-sur-Mer and 5 km east of Crépon. Access to the commune is by the D12 road from Graye-sur-Mer in the north which passes through the village and continues south-west to Tierceville. The D112A goes west from the village to Sainte-Croix-sur-Mer. The commune is mostly farmland but with a significant sized residential area.

The Seulles river forms the entire eastern border of the commune as it flows north to the English Channel at Courseulles-sur-Mer.

Neighbouring communes and villages

History
During the invasion of Normandy Banville was located within 3 kilometres of Juno Beach (Mike sector), the landing zone for Canadian troops. The village was liberated on the 6 June 1944 by the Royal Winnipeg Rifles.

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Demography
In 2017 the commune had 792 inhabitants.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage
The commune has many buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
The Reviers Bridge (17th century)
The Hervot Farmhouse at 12 rue du Bout du Haut (1913)
A Farmhouse at 25 Rue du Camp Romain (18th century)
A Notable's House at 8 Rue du Marché (18th century)
A Lavoir (Public laundry) at Route de Reviers (19th century)
A Chateau (1545)
A Girls' Primary School (19th century)
The old Town Hall (19th century)
The Village (Neolithic)
Houses (18th-19th century)

Other sites of interest
The Roman Camp of La Burette.

Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
A Presbytery at 10 Rue du Bout du Haut (18th century)
A Calvary at Route de Courseulles-Sur-Mer (1912)
The Parish Church of Saint-Lo (18th century)

The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:

A Stole (19th century)
A Ciborium (18th century)
A Monstrance (19th century)
A Way of the Cross (19th century)
A Chalice with Paten (19th century)
3 Processional Banners (19th century)
A Painting: Nativity (17th century)
A Statue: Virgin and child (17th century)
A Statue: Saint Nicolas de Bari (18th century)
A Cross: Christ on the Cross (18th century)
2 banks of Stalls (19th century)
A Paschal Candlestick (19th century)
A Rood beam (19th century)
A Baptismal font (16th century)
A set of 7 Stained glass windows: Seven Sacrements (1959)
A set of 6 Stained glass windows (1959)
The Furniture in the Church

Notable people linked to the commune

Théodore Faullain de Banville (1823-1891), French poet, the Faullain family of Banville were well established since the 1750s at Moulins (Allier), but were originally from the commune.

See also
Communes of the Calvados department

References

External links
Banville on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website 
Banville on the 1750 Cassini Map

Communes of Calvados (department)
This Adultery Is Ripe

This Adultery Is Ripe is the debut studio album by the American post-hardcore band The Blood Brothers, released in August 2000.  Produced by Matt Bayles, this album was recorded over a weekend  on a limited budget, and has been described as "stripped-down" and catchy by singer Jordan Blilie The artwork to This Adultery Is Ripe is almost entirely composed of pictures taken from the 1967 film The Graduate, which is described as a "cinematic masterpiece" in the liner notes.

Track listing

Personnel
The Blood Brothers
Jordan Blilie – vocals
Mark Gajadhar – drums
Morgan Henderson – bass
Cody Votolato – guitar
Johnny Whitney – vocals

Production and design
Matt Bayles - producer
The Blood Brothers - co-producer
Dan Dean – design
Ian Bartholomew – photography

Release history

References

The Blood Brothers (band) albums
2000 debut albums
Albums produced by Matt Bayles
Bitter Honey (Eef Barzelay album)

Bitter Honey is the solo debut album by American singer/songwriter and Clem Snide head Eef Barzelay.  Essentially performed only by Barzelay on an acoustic guitar, it was released in 2006 on spinART records.  Rolling Stone magazine ranked "Ballad of Bitter Honey" as one of the 100 Best Songs of 2006.

Track listing
"Ballad of Bitter Honey"
"Thanksgiving Waves"
"NMA"
"Well"
"Words That Escape Me"
"Little Red Dot"
"Let Us Be Naked"
"I Wasn’t Really Drunk"
"Escape Artist"
"Joy to the World"

References

Eef Barzelay albums
2006 debut albums
SpinART Records albums
Extremely Dangerous

Extremely Dangerous is a 1999 four-part drama serial for ITV starring Sean Bean.

Synopsis
Neil Byrne, an ex-National Criminal Intelligence Service undercover agent convicted of the brutal murder of his wife and child who goes on the run to try and clear his name. He sets out to follow up a strange clue sent to him in prison. The boss of a local crime syndicate, a former associate, hears of his escape and sends out the word to bring him in. On the run from the police and disowned by his NCIS colleagues, he is faced with the fact that he may be guilty.

Cast 
Sean Bean as Neil Byrne
Juliet Aubrey as Annie
Antony Booth as Frank Palmer
Ralph Brown as Joe Connor
Sean Gallagher as DI Danny Ford
Alex Norton as DCS Wallace

External links

1999 British television series debuts
1999 British television series endings
1990s British drama television series
British thriller television series
ITV television dramas
Television series by ITV Studios
1990s British television miniseries
English-language television shows
Television shows set in Hertfordshire
Tom Zych

Thomas E. Zych (born January 24, 1940) is an American politician and minister. He was a Democrat from St. Louis, Missouri. Zych formerly served in the Missouri House of Representatives, and later as President of the St. Louis Board of Aldermen.

Biography 
Zych was educated at St. Mary's High School in St. Louis and attended Southeast Missouri State University. He graduated from Washington University in St. Louis with a degree in secondary education. 

In 1974, he was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives from District 100. In the 1980s, he served two terms as President of the St. Louis Board of Aldermen. Starting in 1984, Zych faced charges, of which he was later acquitted, that he and five others had defrauded the city of St. Louis in their attempts to get a franchise for cable Television in 1983. The others involved in the legal case included Sorkis Webbe Jr., an alderman in the 7th Ward; Sorkis Webbe Sr., a powerful St. Louis politician; LeRoy Tyus, a politician and democratic committee leader; James D. Cullen, Jr. a lawyer; and Eugene P. Slay, a businessman. He did not run for the office in 1987. 

In 1989, Zych became a Methodist minister, subsequently serving two Bootheel congregations. In 2005, he became an employee of Recreation Division of the St. Louis Department of Parks He later became the director of the Cherokee Recreation Center in Benton Park, St. Louis.

References

Living people
1940 births
Members of the Missouri House of Representatives
Washington University in St. Louis alumni
Members of the St. Louis Board of Aldermen
Bill Whittington

William Marvin Whittington (September 11, 1949 – April 23, 2021) was an American racing driver from Lubbock, Texas, who won the 24 Hours of Le Mans and competed five times in the Indianapolis 500.

Career
Whittington, together with his brother Don Whittington and the German professional Klaus Ludwig, multiple winner at Le Mans and elsewhere, competed in the 1979 24 Hours of Le Mans in a Porsche 935. As the brothers did not have substantial racing experience prior to the late 1970s. Bill's brother Dale Whittington also competed in open wheel racing. Together with Randy Lanier they owned the Blue Thunder Racing Team in 1984, with Marty Hinze. Bill also raced in the Indianapolis 500 five times with a best finish of 14th in 1985.

Bill made two NASCAR Winston Cup starts in 1980, earning an 8th in his debut at Riverside International Raceway (besting brother Don by one spot) and then 32nd in the Daytona 500.

The Whittingtons raced aircraft prior to cars, Bill having won races at Reno between 1978 and 1983.  They were the owners of the Road Atlanta circuit.

In 1986, Bill pleaded guilty to income tax evasion and conspiracy to smuggle marijuana into the United States from Colombia and was sentenced to 15 years in prison and ordered to surrender $7 million in property and other assets. In 1987, his brother Don Whittington pleaded guilty to money laundering charges in association with his brother's activities. In addition to Bill and Don Whittington, Lanier, John Paul Sr. and John Paul Jr. were part of the IMSA drug smuggling scandal of the 1980s, where a number of drivers financed their racing activities with the proceeds from drug smuggling.

Death 

At age 71, Whittington died in an airplane crash near Winslow, Arizona, on April 23, 2021.  According to Randy Lanier and other acquaintances contacted by Autoweek, Whittington owned the aircraft, and was the pilot on the accident flight. Lanier said that Whittington was giving a ride to an unidentified friend who "was terminally ill with cancer and had lost his pilot's license," and that he "wanted to give him an experience of flying again."

The accident aircraft was a Swearingen SA226-T(B) Merlin IIIB, aircraft registration N59EZ; it was destroyed when it impacted terrain under unknown circumstances. The accident is under investigation by the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board.

Indianapolis 500 results

24 Hours of Le Mans results

References

External links
 
RARA stats from airrace.org

1949 births
2021 deaths
Indianapolis 500 drivers
NASCAR drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans winning drivers
Sportspeople from Lubbock, Texas
Racing drivers from Texas
World Sportscar Championship drivers
American cannabis traffickers
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2021
Popeye no Eigo Asobi

(Popeye's English Fun) is a 1983 edutainment platform video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Family Computer. The game was based on the comic strip of same name created by E. C. Segar and licensed from King Features Entertainment. It is a spin-off of the Popeye arcade game made by Nintendo. It was released exclusively in Japan. It was followed by the similar Donkey Kong Jr. Math, which was released about one month later. This game was never released in North America because of the majority of English speakers in the United States and Canada and a corresponding version that would teach players Japanese was not created due to the technical limitations of the Nintendo Entertainment System along with the lack of popularity in the West to learn Japanese aside from cultural or business purposes in the 1980s.

Gameplay
In the game, Popeye teaches players how to spell English words. The layout is similar to the Popeye arcade game, except that players cannot "die", they can only get incorrect answers. The game includes three modes: Word Puzzle A, Word Puzzle B, and Word Catcher. In Word Puzzle A (based on the first level of the original game), the player is given the Japanese term for a word in one of six categories: Animal, Country, Food, Sports, Science, and Others (due to technical limitations, these terms are displayed entirely as katakana, regardless of their origin). Blank squares for the English word are given, and the player must maneuver Popeye around to point to letters of the alphabet in order to fill in the blanks. Each wrong letter entry prompts Brutus/Bluto to punch a basket carrying Swee'Pea; the player must solve the puzzle before Swee'Pea's basket is knocked off the platform it is attached to.

The player may also forfeit the puzzle by punching the "?" icon. If the puzzle is lost or forfeited, the correct English word will be displayed. Word Puzzle B is identical to the "A" mode; however, the player is not given the Japanese term beforehand. In the two-player Word Catcher mode (based on the third level of the original game), the first player controls Popeye and the second controls Bluto. Three Japanese words are displayed on the screen's left side, and both players compete to collect letters thrown by Olive Oyl to spell out their English equivalents. A player wins when he or she has correctly spelled five words.

See also
 List of Famicom games

Notes

References

External links
Popeye's English Game at NinDB

1983 video games
Children's educational video games
Japan-exclusive video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Nintendo games
no Eigo Asobi
Video games developed in Japan
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 yard team pistol

The men's team revolver and pistol competition was one of 15 shooting sports events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. It was held on 11 July. There were 28 competitors from 7 nations, with each nation sending a team of four. The event was won by the United States in the nation's debut in the event. All three teams on the podium were new; Great Britain (bronze) was also making its debut, while Belgium (silver) had finished fourth in 1900.

Background

This was the second appearance of a team version of what would become (for individuals) standardised as the men's ISSF 50 meter pistol event. The team event was held 4 times, at every Summer Olympics from 1900 to 1920 (except 1904, when no shooting events were held).

Great Britain, Greece, Sweden, and the United States each made their debut in the event. Belgium, France, and the Netherlands made their second appearance, having previously competed in 1900. Reigning champion Switzerland did not return.

Competition format

The competition had each shooter fire 60 shots, in 10 series of 6 shots each, at a distance of 50 yards. The target was round, 50 centimetres in diameter, with 10 scoring rings. Scoring for each shot was up to 10 points, in increments of 1 point. The maximum individual score possible was 600 points, with a team maximum of 2400 points. Any revolver or pistol could be used; only open sights were allowed. Any ammunition with a metal cartridge case could be used. The individual and team events were separate, with scores not carrying over.

Schedule

Results

References

Sources
 
 

Men's pistol team free
Parlay Entertainment

Parlay Games Inc. is a Canadian-based developer of online bingo software founded by Perry Malone and Scott White.  Their bingo software is used since 1998. The company also licenses other games in the areas of Casino, Social Gaming and Class II. 

In 2011 the company sold the majority of its assets to M Projects Assets S.A. ("MProjects").

References

Online gambling companies of Canada
Bingo
Echium sabulicola

Echium sabulicola (syn. Echium confusum Coincy,  Echium maritimum Willd.) is a plant in the genus Echium. It is a herbaceous biennial plant and grows up to  in height. It is native to the sandy areas of the coasts of the western Mediterranean region from Spain east to southern France and Italy, including the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. The plant requires dry air and exposure to the sun.

The flowers have five sepals. Zygomorphous corolla of  in width and has five petals. The plant blooms in the end of April and can bloom again in the autumn months with favourable weather.

References

External links
Echium sabulicola photo
European Environment Agency: Echium sabulicola
 Flora d'Algaida: Echium sabulicola

sabulicola
Flora of Malta
Oilstone

Oilstone may refer to
 Sharpening stone
 USAF/CIA operation OILSTONE
 Oil shale
Iota Centauri

Iota Centauri, Latinized from ι Centauri, is a star in the southern constellation of Centaurus. Based upon parallax measurements, it lies at a distance of approximately  from Earth. Iota Centauri has an apparent visual magnitude of +2.73, making it easily visible to the naked eye.

In Chinese,  (), meaning Pillars, refers to an asterism consisting of ι Centauri, υ2 Centauri, υ1 Centauri, a Centauri, ψ Centauri, 4 Centauri, 3 Centauri and 1 Centauri. Consequently, the Chinese name for ι Centauri itself is  (, .)

The spectrum of ι Centauri matches a stellar classification of A2 V. It is an A-type main sequence star that is generating energy by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen in its core region. This energy is being radiated from the outer envelope of the star at an effective temperature of 8,600 K, giving the star a white hue. It has about 2.5 times the Sun's mass and is roughly 350 million years old. The abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, what astronomers term the metallicity, is only 35% of the abundance in the Sun. A weak magnetic field has been tentatively identified with a strength of .

This star has an excess emission of infrared indicating it is surrounded by a circumstellar disk of dust, known as a debris disk. The disk is located within an orbital radius of six Astronomical Units from the star. The dust is unusually luminous for a star this age, suggesting that some process may have recently increased the amount of debris, such as collisions between planetesimals. Alternatively, the planetesimals in this system may have unusual physical properties. As of 2011, a search for planets in this system has thus far been unsuccessful.

Iota Centauri appears to belong to the stellar kinematic group known as IC 2391. This is a group of around 16 co-moving stars that most likely originated in the same molecular cloud at least 45 million years ago.

References

A-type main-sequence stars
Centaurus
Centauri, Iota
Durchmusterung objects
Gliese and GJ objects
115892
65109
5028
Star Wreck (video game)

Star Wreck is a text adventure game written in 1987 by Charles A. Sharp. It was published by Alternative Software for the Spectrum 48k, Amstrad CPC, and Commodore 64. The game takes place in a parody of the Star Trek universe and the player takes on the role of Captain James T. Cake of the USS Paralysed.

Development
Star Wreck was written using the Graphic Adventure Creator. After its initial publication in 1987, it also appeared in Alternative Software's compilation tape 4-Most Adventures, in 1991.

Reception
Star Wreck was reviewed by Your Sinclair in December 1987, receiving 6 out of 10. Whilst enjoyable, the reviewer felt that the initial area (the Starship Paralysed) was too open, causing difficulties in working out what's going on.

References

External links 
 

1980s interactive fiction
1987 video games
Alternative Software games
Amstrad CPC games
Commodore 64 games
Parodies of Star Trek
Parody video games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set in outer space
ZX Spectrum games
Electronic Arts Victor

was a joint-venture between Electronic Arts and Victor Entertainment. They made sports games for the Family Computer, Super Famicom, and the Mega Drive. This brand name is unknown outside Japan and the emulation community (since the brand only appears on the game's cover and/or in the media). Some concepts include J-League association football, American football, and NHL hockey.

In December 1997, Electronic Arts acquired Victor's 35% stake in the venture, and in May 1998 signed a similar joint-venture deal with Square to publish EA titles in Japan, called Electronic Arts Square.

Games developed / published 
 Battle Garegga
 Cotton: Fantastic Night Dreams
 Warcraft II: Tides of Darkness
 Little Big Adventure
 Fade to Black
 Alone in the Dark 2
 NHL Pro Hockey '94
 F-117 Night Storm
 J-League Winning Goal (J-Rīgu Uiningu Gōru - Jリーグ ウィニングゴール)
 Zico Soccer
 Mutant League Football
 Soukyugurentai
 Ultima Underworld
 Tactical Soccer
 J. League Live 64
 Deadlock: Planetary Conquest (Deddorokku - デッドロック)
 NASCAR 98 (PlayStation)
 Metal Fist
 FIFA World Cup 98: France Sōshūhen (PlayStation)
 Super Zugan: Hakotenjou kara no Shoutai
 NBA Live 2000 (PlayStation)
 Championship Bass (PlayStation)

References 

Defunct video game companies of Japan
Electronic Arts
Victor Entertainment
Video game companies disestablished in 1998
Tamil New Tigers

The Tamil New Tigers (TNT) was a Sri Lankan Tamil militant organization founded by Velupillai Prabhakaran on 22 May 1972. The group was composed of a few close associates of Prabhakaran, who was only 17 years old when he founded the group. The group was a predecessor to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).

Initially, the TNT carried out several small-scale attacks, including the bombing of a carnival at the Duraiappa Stadium in 1972, and several explosions during Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike's visit to Jaffna in 1974. The group gained notoriety in 1975 when Prabhakaran and three other members assassinated Alfred Duraiappah, the Mayor of Jaffna.

The group continued to carry out attacks and a string of bank robberies after the assassination, and the Sri Lanka Police were issued orders to arrest all members of the group. Wanting to form a guerrilla group, Prabhakaran created the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam on 5 May 1976 and disbanded the Tamil New Tigers.

See also
Tamil militant groups
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

References

External links
Sri Lanka Ministry of Defence

Factions in the Sri Lankan Civil War
Sri Lankan rebels
Organizations established in 1972
Bolívar Province, Peru

The Bolívar Province is a Peruvian province located in the La Libertad Region. It is one of the twelve provinces that make up that region.

Boundaries
North Amazonas Region
East San Martín Region
South Pataz Province
West Sánchez Carrión Province, Cajamarca Region

Political Division
The province has an area of  and is divided into six districts:

Bolívar
Bambamarca
Condormarca
Longotea
Uchumarca
Ucuncha

Population
The province has an approximate population of 19,000 inhabitants

Capital
The capital of this province is the city of Bolívar.

See also
Pirqa Pirqa

Provinces of the La Libertad Region
Charlotte Gray

Charlotte Gray may refer to:

People
Charlotte Gray (author) (born 1948), Canadian historian and author
Charlotte A. Gray (1844-1912), English educator and temperance leader 
Charlotte E. Gray (1873–1926), American author

Other
Charlotte Gray (novel), a 1999 novel by Sebastian Faulks
Charlotte Gray (film), a 2001 film based on the novel
Antagonist (disambiguation)

An antagonist is a character opposing the protagonist in literature.

Antagonist may also refer to:

Science and medicine
 Antagonist (muscle), a muscle type
 Receptor antagonist, a class of drugs that bind to but do not trigger a receptor
 Physiological antagonists, a drug that produces an opposite effect (without blocking the same receptor)

Arts and entertainment
 Antagonist A.D., a New Zealand metalcore band
 Antagonist (band), metalcore band from Whittier, California
 Antagonist (album), the debut album of the German Metalcore band Maroon
 The Antagonists (Haggard novel), a 1964 novel by William Haggard
 The Antagonists (Gann novel), a 1971 novel by Ernest K. Gann
 Antagonist, a 2007 book in the Childe Cycle by Gordon R. Dickson and David W. Wixon
 The Antagonists (TV series), a 1991 American television series

Other

See also

Inverse agonist (pharmacology)
Agonist-Antagonist (pharmacology)
O Antagonista

Antagonism (disambiguation)
Agonist (disambiguation)
Protagonist (disambiguation)
The Opponent (disambiguation)
Villain (disambiguation)
Phil Hester

Phil Hester may refer to:
Phillip Doyce Hester (1955–2013), chief technology officer of Advanced Micro Devices
Phil Hester (comics) (born 1966), comic book artist and writer
J-League Winning Goal

is a soccer game released for the Game Boy and Family Computer that revolves around the J-League. There is an exhibition, a season mode, a playoff mode, and a practice mode. The object in the game is to win the championship so that the player's chosen team can be called the greatest team in all of Japan.

See also
 List of J. League licensed video games

External links
 J-League Winning Goal flyer at Giant Bomb
 J-League Winning Goal (Game Boy) at GameFAQs
 J-League Winning Goal (Family Computer) at GameFAQs

1994 video games
Association football video games
J.League licensed video games
Japan-exclusive video games
Electronic Arts games
Game Boy games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Victor Entertainment games
Video games developed in Japan
Graphic Research games
Ceropegia woodii

Ceropegia woodii is a flowering plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, native to South Africa, Eswatini and Zimbabwe. It is sometimes treated as a subspecies of the related Ceropegia linearis, as C. linearis subsp. woodii. Common names include chain of hearts, collar of hearts, string of hearts, rosary vine, hearts-on-a-string, and sweetheart vine.

History
In 1881, the species was discovered hanging from rocks on Groenberg Mountain in Western Cape, SA, at an altitude of 1800 feet, by John Medley Wood, curator of the Durban Botanic Gardens. Thirteen years later, in 1894, he sent a living plant to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. The plant that had been sent to Kew subsequently flowered, providing the material for Plate 7704 of Curtis's Botanical Magazine published in 1900. The prolific botanical artist Matilda Smith prepared the plate, while the Kew taxonomist, N. E. Brown, produced a detailed description, naming the plant after its discoverer. Its trailing habit, neat appearance, and tolerance of neglect, made it an ideal plant for hanging baskets.

Description
It is an evergreen succulent trailing vine that grows to  in height and spreads to reach up to  in length. Its leaves are shaped like hearts, about 1–2 cm wide and long. When exposed to sufficient light they have a deep green colour; under insufficient lighting the leaves are pale green. With age it develops a woody caudex at its base. The roots, and occasionally the stems, will often develop tubers. On the stems these tubers form at nodes and are likely the reason for the common name of rosary vine.

In general, the flower form is similar to those of other Ceropegia species. The corolla grows to 3 cm in length and is a mixed colouring of off-white and pale magenta. The five petals are a deeper purple.

Cultivation and uses
Ceropegia woodii is tender and in temperate regions it is a very popular houseplant, often grown in hanging baskets so the long trailing branches may hang down with their leaves spaced out like a row of large beads. Several cultivars have been selected, some with variegated leaves. It requires excellent drainage, should be watered only when dry, and should never stand in water. Excess water should be removed from plant saucer after watering. It can be grown outdoors only in subtropical and tropical areas having a minimum temperature of 15°C (59°F). It typically requires shady conditions consisting of 3-4 hours of indirect sunlight. 

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017).

References

External links
Groenberg Mountain noted at Louis Fourie, owner of 'Slangrivier' wine farm in 1699 (under Paarl / Drakenstein / Franschoek / Wellington listings)

woodii
Flora of Southern Africa
House plants
Bill Phelps

William Cunningham Phelps (April 5, 1934 – March 19, 2019) was a Republican politician and lawyer from Missouri. Phelps was born and raised in Nevada, Missouri.

Biography 
Phelps attended the University of Missouri and graduated with a degree in economics in 1956 and a law degree in 1959. Following graduation he began practicing law with a Kansas City firm.

Phelps was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives from the Kansas City area in 1960 and was re-elected five times. In 1972, he was elected  the 40th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri and was re-elected in 1976. Phelps campaigned on a pledge to be Missouri's first "full time" Lieutenant Governor and upon his election to that office, he gave up the practice of law. In 1980 Phelps was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor of Missouri. He lost the Republican primary election to former Governor Kit Bond.

After a sixteen-year absence from public life, in 1996 Phelps ran for Congress in Missouri's 4th congressional district. Phelps won the primary, but was defeated in November by the incumbent, Ike Skelton. Phelps worked as the national spokesman for Americans for Fair Tax, a group that advocates replacing the income tax with a national sales tax.

Phelps died in Houston, Texas following a short illness. He was 84.

References

External links 
 

1934 births
2019 deaths
People from Nevada, Missouri
Republican Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives
Lieutenant Governors of Missouri
University of Missouri alumni
Politicians from Kansas City, Missouri
Lawyers from Kansas City, Missouri
Missouri lawyers
20th-century American lawyers
Emmanuel Collard

Emmanuel Collard (born 3 April 1971) is a French professional racing driver. He is a former member of the Porsche Junioren factory team, but also drives for other marques.

Born in Arpajon, Essonne, Collard is the winner of the Le Mans Series for Pescarolo Sport in 2005 and 2006 with Jean-Christophe Boullion and in 2011 for Pescarolo Team with Julien Jousse. He co-drove the overall winner of the 2008 12 Hours of Sebring.

He also was the Formula One test driver for Prost Grand Prix in , Benetton in the late 1990s and Ligier-Ford in .

Racing record

Complete International Formula 3000 results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races
in italics indicate fastest lap)
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|-
! Year
! Entrant
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! 5
! 6
! 7
! 8
! 9
! 10
! DC
! Points
|-
| 1991
! Apomatox
| VAL
| PAU| JER
| MUG
| PER
| HOC
| BRH
| SPA
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| BUG
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| NOG
! NC
! 0
|-
| 1992
! Apomatox
|style="background:#efcfff;"| SIL
|style="background:#efcfff;"| PAU
|style="background:#dfffdf;"| CAT
|style="background:#efcfff;"| PER
|style="background:#efcfff;"| HOC
|style="background:#dfffdf;"| NÜR
|style="background:#FFCFCF;"| SPA
|style="background:#ffdf9f;"| ALB
|style="background:#efcfff;"| NOG
|style="background:#dfffdf;"| MAG
! 8th
! 13
|-
| 1993
! Apomatox
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| DON
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| SIL
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| PAU
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| PER
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| HOC
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| NÜR
|style="background:#CFCFFF;"| SPA
|style="background:#EFCFFF;"| MAG|style="background:#ffdf9f;"| NOG
|
! 12th
! 4
|-
!colspan="14"|
|}

24 Hours of Le Mans results

Complete European Le Mans Series results
(key) (Races in bold' indicate pole position; races in italics'' indicate fastest lap)

Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results

* Season still in progress.

References

External links

  (Archived)
 

1971 births
Living people
People from Arpajon
French racing drivers
French Formula Renault 2.0 drivers
FIA GT Championship drivers
International Formula 3000 drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
24 Hours of Daytona drivers
American Le Mans Series drivers
European Le Mans Series drivers
Rolex Sports Car Series drivers
Porsche Supercup drivers
FIA World Endurance Championship drivers
Blancpain Endurance Series drivers
International GT Open drivers
WeatherTech SportsCar Championship drivers
24 Hours of Spa drivers
12 Hours of Sebring drivers
Sportspeople from Essonne
Team Penske drivers
Karting World Championship drivers
AF Corse drivers
DAMS drivers
Corvette Racing drivers
TDS Racing drivers
20th-century French people
21st-century French people
Larbre Compétition drivers
Toyota Gazoo Racing drivers
Pescarolo Sport drivers
Porsche Motorsports drivers
Cheever Racing drivers
Wayne Taylor Racing drivers
Level 5 Motorsports drivers
La Filière drivers
Nürburgring 24 Hours drivers
24H Series drivers
Le Mans Cup drivers
Porsche Carrera Cup France drivers
Manthey Racing drivers
From Stone Orchard

From Stone Orchard is a memoir by Timothy Findley, published in 1998.

The book, which includes some articles Findley had originally written for Harrowsmith magazine, is a memoir of Findley's life at Stone Orchard, the farm near Cannington, Ontario where he lived with his partner William Whitehead.

Books by Timothy Findley
1998 non-fiction books
HarperCollins books
Canadian memoirs
Mitko Stojkovski

Mitko Stojkovski (; born 18 December 1972) is a Macedonian former professional footballer who played as a defender.

Club career
Stojkovski started his career playing with his home town club FK Pelister, back then playing in the Yugoslav Second League. In 1991 his skills were noted and he moves to the 1991 European Champions Red Star Belgrade where he stayed four seasons and played over 120 games. In the legendary 100th eternal derby against their greatest rivals Partizan, he scored and was named the man of the match. In 1995, he signed with Spanish La Liga club Real Oviedo where he played 67 league matches in two seasons with the side. In 1998 VfB Stuttgart signed him and he was part of the team that reached the 1998 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Final where they lost against Chelsea. After two and a half years in Germany, he returned to Pelister where he retired in 2001 by winning the Macedonian Cup that year.

After retiring, for a period he was a sports director at FK Pelister.

International career
Stojkovski made his debut for the Macedonia national team in a March 1994 friendly match against Slovenia, he has earned 28 caps, scoring 5 goals in total. His final international was a November 2002 friendly against Israel.

Honours
Red Star
 Yugoslav First League and First League of FR Yugoslavia: 1991–92, 1994–95
 FR Yugoslav Cup: 1992–93, 1994–95

Stuttgart
 German League Cup runner-up: 1998
 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup runner-up: 1997–98

Pelister
 Macedonian Cup: 2001

References

External links
 Profile at Macedonian Football 
 
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Bitola
Men's association football defenders
Yugoslav men's footballers
Macedonian men's footballers
North Macedonia men's international footballers
FK Pelister players
Red Star Belgrade footballers
Real Oviedo players
VfB Stuttgart players
Yugoslav Second League players
Yugoslav First League players
La Liga players
Bundesliga players
Macedonian First Football League players
Macedonian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Serbia and Montenegro
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Serbia and Montenegro
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Macedonian expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Däniken (disambiguation)

Däniken can mean:

 A Swiss author Erich von Däniken
 Däniken, Solothurn, a municipality of Switzerland

See also
 Dänikon, a municipality of the canton of Zürich, Switzerland
Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's single-shot running deer

The men's single-shot 100 meter running deer competition was one of 15 shooting sports events on the Shooting at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme.  A deer-shaped target made 10 runs of , with the shooter firing one shot during each run. The runs lasted about 4 seconds each and took place  distant from the shooter. There were three concentric circles on the target, with the smallest counting for 4 points, the middle for 3, and the outermost for 2. A hit outside the circles but still on the target (except on the haunch) counted for 1 point. The maximum possible score was thus 40 points. Each nation could enter up to 12 shooters.

Results

De Wael also lists another British shooter, John Bashford, as having competed and placed lower than Barbillat. However, the Official Report makes no mention of Bashford in its list of competitors.

References

Sources
 
 

Men's rifle running deer 01
100 meter running deer at the Olympics
Beverly Hills Brats

Beverly Hills Brats is a 1989 American comedy film. Directed by Jim Sotos, the film starred Peter Billingsley, Martin Sheen, Burt Young, Terry Moore, George Kirby, Ruby Keeler (in her final film) and Whoopi Goldberg in a cameo role.

Plot
Scooter (Billingsley) is a teen from a wealthy Beverly Hills family. After his plastic surgeon father (Sheen) remarries, Scooter is virtually ignored by his father and stepmother (Moore), and treated badly by his two other spoiled siblings, Sterling (Ramon Estevez) and Tiffany (Cathy Podewell). Scooter devises a plan to fake his own kidnapping to get his parents' attention and enlists the help of two bumbling crooks, Clive (Young) and Elmo (Kirby). After Scooter is "kidnapped" and a ransom is demanded, he quickly realizes that his plan failed to work and his parents don't miss him.

Cast
 Peter Billingsley as Scooter
 Martin Sheen as Dr. Jeffery Miller
 Terry Moore as Veronica
 Burt Young as Clive
 George Kirby as Elmo
 Cathy Podewell as Tiffany
 Ramon Estevez as Sterling
 Natalie Schafer as Lillian
 Fernando Allende as Roberto
 Joe Santos as Spyder
 Robert Tessier as Slick
 Ruby Keeler as Goldie
 Vito Scotti as Jerry
 Pat Renella as Lt. Gofield
 Whoopi Goldberg as herself
 Cort McCown as Bart
 Tonya Townsend as Tulip
 Duncan Bravo as Manny
 Jimmy Justice as Deacon
 Aron Eisenberg as Simon
 Michael J Aronin as the Cop

External links
 
 
 

1989 comedy films
1989 films
1980s teen comedy films
1980s English-language films
American comedy films
Films set in Beverly Hills, California
Films scored by Barry Goldberg
Films about kidnapping in the United States
Films directed by Jim Sotos
1980s American films
Witches of the Caribbean

Witches of the Caribbean is a 2005 horror film directed by David DeCoteau and starring Joanna Cassidy, Nicole Cavazos, Nicole Marie Monica, Kelli Giddish, Michael King, Nina Tapanin, Kyle Jordan, Ric Sarabia, Helene Udy, and Catherine Munden.

Plot summary
Seventeen-year-old Angela suffers from a recurring nightmare about a 16th-century witch burned to death on a dark and mysterious beach. To find an explanation to this nightmare and reclaim her life, she flies to a two-week retreat for troubled teens on the Caribbean island of Matau, run by noted child psychologist Professor Avebury. Little does Angela realize that Matau hides a horrific secret history, nor does she know that her nightmares stem from this very spot.

Upon her arrival, Angela meets the other troubled teenagers attending the retreat, all of whom seem to play a role in the mystery of her dream. In particular, the enigmatic Bethany claims to be a witch and secretly seduces the other teens into joining her coven.  Gradually, Angela realizes that her nightmares aren't dreams at all, but memories of her past life. As the true nature of the frightening nightmare unfolds, Bethany seems determined to either seduce or destroy Angela. With the witching hour ticking closer, Angela must solve the mystery of the Caribbean island and its legendary witch coven.

Cast
Joanna Cassidy as Professor Avebury
Nicole Cavazos as Angela
Nicole Marie Monica as Bethany Hunter
Kelli Giddish as Clara Niles
Michael King as Cutter
Nina Tapanin as Enid
Kyle Jordan as Jerry
Ric Sarabia as Magistrate Harriman
Helene Udy as Mistress Tilda Harriman
Catherine Munden as Anne Prescott

Production
The film was shot entirely in the Turks and Caicos Islands, on Grand Turk Island.

References

External links
 
  
  
 Information about Witches of the Caribbean at Regent Entertainment 

2005 horror films
2005 films
American LGBT-related films
American supernatural horror films
Films set in the Caribbean
Films shot in the Turks and Caicos Islands
Films directed by David DeCoteau
LGBT-related horror films
Films about witchcraft
2005 LGBT-related films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films