alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Eight Easy Steps

"Eight Easy Steps" is a rock song written by Alanis Morissette for her sixth studio album, So-Called Chaos.  The album's opening track, it was released in 2004 as the So-Called Chaos's third (and final) single.  The song may be seen as discussing self-help, with the message that it is the "course of a lifetime", but the help that is actually "offered" in the song is tongue-in-cheek, with lines like "How to lie to yourself and thereby to everyone else" and "How to control someone to be a carbon copy of you."

The song reached number nine on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play and number 27 on the Adult Top 40.

Music and structure

"Eight Easy Steps" is a song composed in the key of A♭ major. It is written in common time and moves at a moderately fast 132 beats per minute. Its verses are set to a Middle Eastern beat.  Morissette's vocal range spans nearly an octave and a half, from A♭3 to C5.

Critical reception
Stylus Magazine gave the song a negative review, finding it a "flaccid and innocuous" attempt to recreate the hard rock sound of her 1995 single "You Oughta Know".  PopMatters disagreed, commenting that the chorus's "one shining moment of Alanis Anger" was one of the album's few energetic moments.  The New York Times called the song "triumphant", and The Guardian found the song's distortion effective, as well as its "Nine Inch Nails-like metallic rage".

Music video
The song's music video was directed by Liz Friedlander.  The video opens with a scene of Morissette performing with her backing band.  It then presents sequences from Morissette's previous music videos, television appearances like You Can't Do That on Television, and home videos in reverse chronological order.  The scenes are digitally edited to create the appearance that Morissette had sung "Eight Easy Steps" in them.  It took Morissette over 16 hours, to recreate her facial expressions from the clips.  Friedlander commented that "It was eerie to watch the footage of present day Alanis run side by side with the early footage…Her ability to match her old actions was uncanny." The video peaked at #11 on the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown.

Track listing
 "Eight Easy Steps" (Thick Dick Filter Mix) – 6:56
 "Eight Easy Steps" (Jez Colin & Flipper Dalton Remix) – 6:35
 "Eight Easy Steps" (The Orange Factory Remix) – 6:58
 "Eight Easy Steps" (Smitty & Gabriel D. Vine Remix) – 7:03

A second acoustic single was planned with more tracks from the Vancouver Sessions.  However, it was scrapped before it was released.

Charts

Credits and personnel
 Vocals: Alanis Morissette
 Guitar: Joel Shearer
 Producers: Alanis Morissette, John Shanks, Tim Thorney
 Audio mixing: Chris Lord-Alge, Adam Schiff

References

2004 singles
Alanis Morissette songs
Music videos directed by Liz Friedlander
Song recordings produced by John Shanks
Songs written by Alanis Morissette
2004 songs
Maverick Records singles
Susie Arioli

Susie Arioli is a Canadian jazz singer.

Career
Arioli grew up listening to Antônio Carlos Jobim, Stan Getz, The Beatles, Frank Sinatra and Billie Holiday, and both her parents sang.  Her first ever performance as a young singer was at a community centre, where she went by the name Susie Vacation in a subtle reference to Billie Holiday, whose singing style she initially emulated before developing her own unique voice.

Arioli had been singing in jazz clubs in Montreal when she met guitarist Jordan Officer at a jam led by Stephen Barry. Together they started the Susie Arioli Band. Their first big opportunity came in 1998. After a successful outdoor show, they were asked by the Montreal International Jazz Festival to open for Ray Charles. The band's opening set got the attention of Montreal critics, and soon after it released the debut album, It's Wonderful.

Arioli has received several Juno nominations.  Her second album, Pennies from Heaven, was the last recording of jazz pianist Ralph Sutton. Her third album, That's for Me, was produced by John Snyder. Her fourth album, Learn to Smile Again, was a departure and featured six songs by country songwriter Roger Miller. For the fifth album,  Night Lights, she returned to jazz with a collection of standards. All of the albums featured guitarist Jordan Officer.

In an article in Atlantic Monthly, Arioli was recognized by jazz writer Francis Davis as an emerging jazz talent.

Arioli's father was the American writer, actor, and director Don Arioli.

Discography
 It's Wonderful with Jordan Officer (Justin Time 2000)
 Pennies from Heaven with Jordan Officer (Justin Time, 2002)
 Susie Arioli Band with Jordan Officer (Recorded at Studio Victor, Montreal, 2003 with the support of the Canada Music Fund)
 That's for Me (Justin Time, 2004)
 Learn to Smile Again with Jordan Officer (Justin Time, 2005)
 Live at Montreal International Jazz Festival with Jordan Officer (Justin Time, 2007)
 Night Lights with Jordan Officer (Spectra, 2008)
 Christmas Dreaming with Jordan Officer (Spectra, 2010)
 All the Way (Spectra, 2012)
 Spring (Spectra, 2015)

References

External links 
 Susie Arioli site 
 "The Singing Epidemic"  by Francis Davis Atlantic Monthly (Jan/Feb 2006)
 Terry Gross interview on Fresh Air, NPR, October 2002

1963 births
Living people
Canadian people of Italian descent
Singers from Montreal
Singers from Toronto
Canadian women jazz singers
Justin Time Records artists
21st-century Canadian women singers
Four Great Books of Song

The Four Great Books of Song () was compiled by a team of scholars during the Song dynasty (960–1279). The term was coined after the last book (Cefu Yuangui) was finished during the 11th century. The four encyclopedias were published and intended to collect the whole knowledge of the new state.

The four books are:
 The Taiping Yulan is a general-purpose leishu encyclopedia.
 The Taiping Guangji is a collection of deities, fairies, ghost stories and theology.
 The Wenyuan Yinghua is an anthology of poetry, odes, songs and other writings.
 The Cefu Yuangui is a leishu encyclopedia of political essays, autobiographies, memorials and decrees.

See also
 Chinese classic texts

References

Chinese classic texts
Chinese encyclopedias
Song dynasty

Leishu
Series of Chinese books
Suzie Q

Suzie Q, Susie Q, Suzy Q or Suzi Q may refer to:

In arts and entertainment

Music
 Susie Q (born Susan Banfield), a member of rap duo Cookie Crew
 "Susie Q" (song), a 1957 song by Dale Hawkins, covered by many artists
 "Suzi Q" (Ammonia song), 1996
 Suzi Quatro (born 1950), singer and actress also known as "Suzi Q"
 "Suzi Q", the Hawkins song covered by Suzi Quatro on the 1990 album Oh, Suzi Q.
 Suzie Q (dance move), a dance step in the Big Apple, Lindy Hop, and other dances
 "Doin' the Suzie-Q", 1936 song by Lil Hardin Armstrong
 "Suzie Q", song by American rapper Skillz on the 2005 album Confessions of a Ghostwriter
 Suzy Q (group), a 1980s Canadian studio project

Other uses in arts and entertainment
 Susie Q (film), a 1995 American TV film 
 Suzie Q (manga), a fictional character from Part 2 of the Japanese manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Battle Tendency
 Suzi Q. Smith (born 1979), American poet
 Suzy Q, a 1999 Dutch film starring Carice van Houten
 Susie Q, a nickname for Susan Delfino (Teri Hatcher) on the TV show Desperate Housewives

Other uses
 Suzy Q, a Hostess snack cake
 Quetiapine (Seroquel), an antipsychotic drug known as Susie-Q
 New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway (NYS&W), also known as the Susie-Q
 Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, a nickname
 Susie-Q, a B-26 bomber flown by James Muri during the Battle of Midway

See also
 Stacey Q (born 1958), American pop singer and songwriter
Joseph Hunt

Joseph Hunt may refer to: 
 Joseph Hunt (priest), English Anglican priest and master of Balliol College, Oxford
 Joseph Hunt (MP) (1762-1816) senior employee of the Admiralty forced to resign as an MP
 Joseph J. Hunt, American labor union leader
 J. McVicker Hunt, American educational psychologist and author
 Joe Hunt (1919–1945), American tennis player and naval aviator
 Jody Hunt (born 1961), American lawyer and U.S. Department of Justice official
 Joseph Hunt (engineer) (born 1956), American engineer, NASA mission manager and flight director
 Joey Hunt, American football center

See also 
 Billionaire Boys Club, an investing and social club founded by Joseph Henry Hunt
Sennaya Square

Sennaya Square
or Sennaya Ploshchad (), is a large city square in Central Saint Petersburg, located at the crossing of Garden Street, Moskovsky Prospekt (formerly Zabalkansky Prospekt) and Grivtsova Lane (formerly Demidov Lane).

The square was established in 1737 as a market where hay, firewood and cattle were sold. It was built under the extension of the Garden Street, and grew quickly, becoming the cheapest and the most active market in Saint Petersburg. The Hay Market was a place where merchants and farmers could trade. It was there that malefactors were flogged before a large concourse of people.

In 1753, local merchants commissioned the building of the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in a sumptuous Baroque style. In the middle of the square is a former guardhouse (1818–20). Cholera riots took place in the square in 1831. The surrounding district was known for its infamous slums, which provide the setting for Fedor Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment.

In 1952, Joseph Stalin renamed the square Ploshchad Mira. In 1961, at the height of Nikita Khrushchev's anti-religious campaign, he had the church demolished; a chapel now marks the site. In 1992, the square's original name was restored.

Three metro stations serve the square; its namesake Sennaya Ploshchad, Sadovaya (Garden Street) and Spasskaya. It is also a bus and marshrutka station. It used to have regular tram transportation until 2010, a fragment of the tram rails having been preserved as a historical mark.

See also
 List of squares in Saint Petersburg

References

Sources

External links
 Illustrated history of Sennaya Square
 

Squares in Saint Petersburg
Zhang Guangdou

Zhang Guangdou (; 1 May 1912 – 21 June 2013) was a Chinese hydraulic engineer. He was a specialist in hydraulic engineering, professor and vice president of Tsinghua University, and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Zhang graduated from National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) in 1934, obtained his master's degree in Civil Engineering from University of California, Berkeley in 1936, and a master's degree in engineering mechanics from Harvard University in 1937.

Zhang was the chief designer of the Miyun Reservoir and Yuzixi powerplant. He was also involved in the design of many major hydraulic and hydropower projects, including Sanmenxia, Danjiangkou, Gezhouba, Ertan, Geheyan, Xiaolangdi, and the Three Gorges Dam.

Zhang received numerous awards, including the Haas International Award from UC Berkeley (1981), the National Award for Technology Advancement (2nd Prize, 1985), the Ho Leung Ho Lee Technology Advancement Award (1995), and the Technology Achievement Award from the Chinese Academy of Engineering (1996). He was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, and the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1994. He was also elected as a foreign member of Mexico National Academy of Engineering in 1981.

Bibliography

References

1912 births
2013 deaths
Chinese centenarians
Men centenarians
Chinese civil engineers
Engineers from Jiangsu
Nanyang Model High School alumni
National Chiao Tung University (Shanghai) alumni
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni
Hydraulic engineers
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
People from Changshu
People from Zhangjiagang
Scientists from Suzhou
Academic staff of Tsinghua University
The End of the Matter

The End of the Matter (1977) is a science fiction novel  by American writer Alan Dean Foster. The book is fourth chronologically in the Pip and Flinx series.

Plot summary
The novel takes place immediately after Orphan Star with Flinx taking his new space ship, the Teacher, built by the Ulru-Ujurrians, to Alaspin, the home planet of his minidrag Pip, in search of the man who bid on him when Flinx was a child in a slave auction.

He not only finds this man, Skua September, but also acquires a strange new alien pet, Abalamahalamatandra (Ab for short), and is pursued by an assassin squad called the Qwarm. Flinx's friends Bran Tse-Mallory and Truzenzuzex show up looking for Ab in the hope of finding an ancient weapon, thought to possibly be capable of stopping a rogue black hole, before the three inhabited planets on the black hole's course are sucked in.

References

External links

Alan Dean Foster homepage

1977 American novels
Humanx Commonwealth
Novels by Alan Dean Foster
1977 science fiction novels
Sequel novels
American science fiction novels
Carditis

Carditis (pl. carditides) is the inflammation of the heart.

It is usually studied and treated by specifying it as:
 Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium
 Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle
 Endocarditis is the inflammation of the endocardium
 Pancarditis, also called perimyoendocarditis, is the inflammation of the entire heart: the pericardium, the myocardium and the endocardium
 Reflux carditis refers to a possible outcome of esophageal reflux (also known as GERD), and involves inflammation of the esophagus/stomach mucosa

References

Heart diseases
Cefu Yuangui

Cefu Yuangui (冊府元龜) is the largest leishu (encyclopedia) compiled during the Chinese Song Dynasty (AD 960–1279). It was the last of the Four Great Books of Song, the previous three having been published in the 10th century.

History

The encyclopedia was commissioned by Emperor Zhenzong in October 1005 under the working title Records of Relations Between Rulers and Officials in Past Dynasties but was renamed Models from the Archives by the Emperor, to whom the finished work was presented on September 20, 1013.  The final product was divided into 1,000 juan, 31 categories, and 1014 subcategories, all of which "related to administration of the empire, to bureaucracy, and to the imperial family." It did not include chapters on the natural world.  Many people worked on the encyclopedia, including Wang Qinruo and Yang Yi who requested that the emperor hire more compilers. It was almost twice as large as the Imperial Reader of the Taiping Era and was ranked second in the Siku Quanshu collections.

Name

English titles for this encyclopedia are:
 Prime Tortoise of the Record Bureau,
 The Magic Mirror in the Palace of Books,
 Archival Palace as the Great Oracle,
 General Preface on Outer Ministers,
 Outstanding Models from the Storehouse of Literature, and
 Models from the Archives.

See also
 Chinese literature
 Chinese classic texts
 Culture of the Song Dynasty

References

Citations

Bibliography
Hu, Wenjie, Cefu Yuangui ("Prime Tortoise of the Record Bureau"). Encyclopedia of China, 1st ed.
Kurz, Johannes. "The Compilation and Publication of the Taiping Yulan and the Cefu Yuangui", in Florence Bretelle-Establet and Karine Chemla (eds.), Qu'est-ce qu'écrire une encyclopédie en Chine?. Extreme Orient-Extreme Occident Hors série (2007), 39–76.

External links
 Cefu yuangui "The Prime Tortoise of the Record Bureau" — Chinaknowledge.de.

Chinese prose texts
Chinese encyclopedias
Chinese literature
11th-century Chinese books
Song dynasty literature

Leishu
Long Black Train (song)

"Long Black Train" is a song written and recorded by American country music singer Josh Turner.  It was released in May 2003 as the second single and title track from his debut album of the same name.  Having spent more than 30 weeks on the Billboard country charts, "Long Black Train" reached a peak of #13 in early 2004. On April 23, 2018, it was certified as Platinum by the RIAA.

Content
"Long Black Train" is a mid-tempo song featuring acoustic guitar, fills from pedabro and fiddle, and a percussive rhythm reminiscent of a steam locomotive in motion. Using a funeral train as a metaphor, the lyrics tell of resisting temptation from the Devil.
 
Turner told The Boot that the song was inspired by a vision that he had of a long, black train running down a track in the middle of nowhere. Turner said, "I could see people standing out to the sides of this track watching this train go by. As I was walking, experiencing this vision, I kept asking myself, 'What does this vision mean and what is this train?' It dawned on me that this train was a physical metaphor for temptation. These people are caught up in the decision of whether or not to go on this train".

The song is composed in the key of B-flat major.

Critical reception
Steve Leggett of Allmusic said of the song, "sung in Turner's deep voice, it rolls across country radio like nothing else on the scene, the ominous breath of hellfire in the lyrics conjuring up the ghost of Johnny Cash." Hank Kalet of PopMatters also described the song favorably: "It is a proudly religious song, almost fiery, defiant."

Music video
The music video for this song was shot at the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum in a few different locations along a railroad track. The various shots of Turner include him walking through a tunnel, standing on the tracks singing, and from above while he is playing guitar. The video features various characters, all of whom are participating in various sinful activities (including binge drinking, gambling, drug abuse and prostitution), and are shown on the train tracks as well.  Some of the characters disappear when the train passes over them, indicating they gave in to sin, while the others remain on the tracks, indicating they were able to resist or repent.

The video also featured ex-Army Class 2-8-0 Consolidation #610 as the locomotive pulling the train.

Personnel
 Eric Darken - percussion
 Shannon Forrest - drums
 Kevin "Swine" Grantt - upright bass
 Aubrey Haynie - fiddle
 Wes Hightower - backing vocals
 Mike Johnson - Dobro
 Steve Nathan - piano
 Brent Rowan - electric guitar
 Bryan Sutton - acoustic guitar, banjo
 Russell Terrell - backing vocals

Chart performance
"Long Black Train" debuted at number 60 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 31, 2003.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2003 singles
Josh Turner songs
Music videos directed by Steven Goldmann
Songs about trains
Song recordings produced by Frank Rogers (record producer)
MCA Nashville Records singles
Song recordings produced by Mark Wright (record producer)
Songs written by Josh Turner
2003 songs
Upland game bird

Upland game bird is an American term which refers to non-water fowl game birds in groundcover-rich terrestrial ecosystems above wetlands and riparian zones (i.e. "uplands"), which are commonly hunted with gun dogs (pointing breeds, flushing spaniels and retrievers).

United States

As of 2013 the population of upland game birds such as pheasants had been falling in agricultural states such as Iowa where increased commodity prices for crops such as corn had resulted in reductions in game habitat in acreage set aside in the Conservation Reserve Program. A significant reduction in the number of hunters over the previous 20 years was also reported.

State laws
At least ten states have passed laws wherein there is a definition of "upland game" giving a list of species. These lists are not at all the same, and some of them contain non-avian species. These species are always listed by common name instead of by scientific name thus in some cases it is difficult to tell what actual species the law designates without other information. The following species appear on one or more state lists of "upland game."

List of game birds
 American Crow
 Band-Tailed Pigeon
 Blue Grouse
 Chukar Partridge
 Dove 
 Dusky Grouse
 Eurasian Collared-Dove
 Gray Partridge
 Greater Sage-Grouse
 Grouse
 Hungarian Partridge
 Mourning Dove
 Partridge
 Pheasant
 Pigeon
 Ptarmigan
 Quail
 Ruffed Grouse
 Sage Grouse
 Sandhill Crane
 Sharp-tailed grouse
 Turkey
 White-tailed ptarmigan
 Wild Turkey
 Woodcock

List of non-avian upland game
 Cottontail rabbit
 Eastern Cottontail Rabbit
 Fox
 Hare
 Opossum
 Prairie Dog
 Rabbit
 Rock Chuck
 Snowshoe Hare
 Tree Squirrel

References

Bibliography 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Leigh, W. H. (1940). Preliminary studies on parasites of upland game birds and fur-bearing mammals in Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin; v. 021, no. 05.
 
 
 Shillinger, J. E., & Morley, L. C. (1937). Diseases of upland game birds (No. 1776-1800). US Dept. of Agriculture.
 
 
 Tacha, T. C., & Braun, C. E. (1994). Migratory shore and upland game bird management in North America. The International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies.
 
 
 

Fowling
Game birds
Hunting in the United States
Black Bottom

Black Bottom may refer to:  

Black Bottom, Alabama
Black Bottom, Detroit, former neighborhood
Black Bottom, Kentucky, in Harlan County, Kentucky
Black Bottom Historic District, in Russellville, Logan County, Kentucky
Black Bottom, Philadelphia, former neighborhood
Black Bottom, West Virginia
Black Bottom (dance)
"Black Bottom", 1982 single by The Troggs

See also
"Black Bottom Stomp", jazz composition
Black bottom pie, pie with a layer of chocolate pastry cream or pudding
Peter Karlsson (ice hockey)

Lars Peter Karlsson (17 February 1966 – 11 March 1995) was a Swedish professional ice hockey player.

Playing career
Karlsson was born in Västerås Lundby, Västmanland.  He began his ice hockey career with VIK Västerås HK in the First Division.  After five seasons, he then had spells with Surahammars IF and  before returning to Västerås for his one and only Elitserien season.  He returned to Division One for  and Örebro IK.

Death
Karlsson was murdered by a 19-year-old man who stabbed him using a knife. The killer claimed that Karlsson made a sexual approach towards him. The killer was a 19-year-old White power skinhead who possessed anti-LGBT propaganda in his home. After the murder, Karlsson's team played a protest match in support of him.  The killer's sentence, which was eight years, outraged some in the Swedish gay community who thought that the murder occurred because of Karlsson's sexuality. Karlsson was not openly gay and his friends are unsure if he was closeted, or was defamed by his killer.

Career statistics

See also
Gay panic defense
List of ice hockey players who died during their playing career

References

External links 

1966 births
1995 deaths
Deaths by stabbing in Sweden
Male murder victims
Örebro IK players
People from Västmanland
People murdered in Sweden
Gay sportsmen
Swedish gay men
Swedish LGBT sportspeople
Swedish ice hockey defencemen
Swedish murder victims
Victims of anti-LGBT hate crimes
VIK Västerås HK players
Violence against men in Europe
20th-century Swedish LGBT people
Norfolk County Council elections

Norfolk County Council in England is elected every four years. Since the last boundary changes, 84 councillors have been elected from 84 wards.

Political control
Since the council was formed in 1889, political control has been as follows:

Leadership
The leaders of the council since 2007 have been:

Historical composition

Council election results
 1973 Norfolk County Council election
 1977 Norfolk County Council election
 1981 Norfolk County Council election
 1985 Norfolk County Council election
 1989 Norfolk County Council election
 1993 Norfolk County Council election
 1997 Norfolk County Council election
 2001 Norfolk County Council election
 2005 Norfolk County Council election
 2009 Norfolk County Council election
 2013 Norfolk County Council election
 2017 Norfolk County Council election
2021 Norfolk County Council election

County result maps

By-election results 1997 to present day

1997–2001

2001–2005

2005–2009

2009–2013

Percentage change is since June 2009.

2013–2017

 
Percentage change is since May 2013. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of UKIP Councillor Peter Georgiou, after he admitted to shoplifting and tobacco duty evasion.

 
The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Councillor Matthew Smith, who was elected as a member of the UK Independence Party, following his guilty plea to charges of electoral fraud.

 
The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Councillor Stan Hebborn, who was elected for the UK Independence Party.

2017–2021

2021–2025

References

 Norfolk election results
 By-election results

External links
 Norfolk Council

 
Council elections in Norfolk
County council elections in England
Betsy Clifford



Elizabeth Clifford (born October 15, 1953) is a Canadian retired alpine skier.

At the 1968 Winter Olympics, she was the youngest Canadian skier ever to compete. She finished 7th at the 1970 Alpine Skiing World Cup and 10th at the 1971 Alpine Skiing World Cup. In 1971, she won the Alpine skiing World Cup in slalom skiing.

In 1970, she was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. In 1971, she was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame.

World Cup victories

Overall

Individual races

References

External links
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1953 births
Living people
Alpine skiers at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1976 Winter Olympics
Olympic alpine skiers for Canada
Canadian female alpine skiers
Canadian people of English descent
Skiers from Ottawa
FIS Alpine Ski World Cup champions
John Stuart Foster

John Stuart Foster  (May 30, 1890 – September 9, 1964) was a Canadian physicist.

Biography
Born in Clarence, Nova Scotia, he completed his Ph.D. at Yale University with a dissertation on the first measurements of the Stark effect in Helium. In 1924 he gained an appointment as assistant professor at McGill University in Montreal, where he taught physics. He became associate professor in 1930.

During World War II he served as a liaison officer for the National Research Council, working at the MIT-run Radiation Laboratory on radar research and development. He developed a fast-scan radar antenna that became known as the "Foster scanner".

He returned to McGill in 1944, where he directed the construction of a 100-MeV cyclotron. This instrument was commissioned in 1949. At the time this was the second largest in the world. From 1952 until 1954 he was chairman of the physics department at McGill. He died in Berkeley, California.

Legacy
The John Stuart Foster Radiation Laboratory and Cyclotron at McGill was named after him in 1964 and this is engraved on the side of the building now known as the M. H. Wong Building.

His son, John Stuart Foster Jr., graduated from the University of California in 1948, then became director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, director of Defense Research and Engineering for the U.S. Defense Department, and Vice President of T.R.W., Inc.

Awards and honors
 Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, 1929.
 Awarded Levy Medal, Franklin Institute, 1930.
 Henry Marshall Tory Medal, 1946.
 Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London, 1935.
 The crater Foster on the Moon is named after him.

References

External links
 Canadian Encyclopedia entry
 Foster Radiation Laboratory and Cyclotron Building

1890 births
1964 deaths
People from Annapolis County, Nova Scotia
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Canadian physicists
Canadian people of British descent
Canadian Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Academic staff of McGill University
Hirschi

Hirschi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frank W. Hirschi (1925–2014), American educator and politician
Hans M. Hirschi (born 1967), Swedish writer and activist
Jonathan Hirschi (born 1986), Swiss racing and rally driver
Marc Hirschi (born 1998), Swiss cyclist
Steve Hirschi (born 1981), Swiss ice hockey player
Travis Hirschi (1935–2017), American sociologist
Alexandra Mary Hirschi (born 1985), Australian social media celebrity

See also
Hirschi High School, a high school in Wichita Falls, Texas, United States

Surnames of Swiss origin
Menace in Europe

Menace in Europe: Why the Continent's Crisis Is America's, Too is a book by Claire Berlinski about problems and challenges facing Europe, and the consequences of Europe's failure to meet these challenges. Among the phenomena addressed in the book are Muslim integration (and the lack thereof), anti-Americanism, antisemitism, and Europe's often forgotten violent history.

Reception
The book has been cited several times as a segment of "Eurabia literature".

New Oxford Review, "one can't read [Menace in Europe] and walk away optimistic about the future of Europe.

Conservative think tank writer Fred Siegel wrote, "it's hard to do full justice to the rich material in [Menace in Europe]. Ms. Berlinski...has a fascinating chapter on the Nazi aesthetic of Rammstein, Germany's most popular band. But if [Menace in Europe has] any weaknesses it is the lack of a historical framework.

Clive Davis wrote in Washington Times, "what worries me about books like this is that they risk reducing Europe to a caricature in much the same way as Stupid White Men turns America into one big Wal-Mart with drive-by shootings."

National Review piece reads, "her observation that there is nothing Americans can do to change [Europe], "short of dying politely en masse," suggests that Ms. Berlinski, a lively writer always happy to hype up the snark and the spark of her prose, is taking her readers not to France, or Germany, but to Planet Coulter.

Baltimore Chronicle's John Hickman said that a "better example of the essential emptiness of neo-conservatism than Claire Berlinski's Menace in Europe would be difficult to find...ugly vituperation expressed in sweeping generalizations...Berlinski cherry-picks her evidence.

Notes

Further reading
  

 (Reprint of portions of the same article)

External links

Political books
Late modern Europe
Books about Europe
2006 non-fiction books
Eurabia
Three Rivers Press books
Chala

The Chala or "Coast" is one of the eight natural regions in Peru. It is formed by all the western lands that arise from sea level up to the height of 500 meters. The coastal desert of Peru is largely devoid of vegetation but a unique fog and mist-fed ecosystem called Lomas is scattered among hills near the Pacific coast as elevations up to .  

In this region, the flora includes vegetation that grows near the rivers, like the carob tree, the palo verde, salty grama grass, manglar or mangrove tree, the carrizo or giant reed and the Caña brava (ditch reed); and plants that grow in the hills, such as the Amancay or Peruvian daffodil (Hymenocallis amancaes), the wild tomato, the mito or Peruvian papaya (Vasconcellea candicans), and the divi-divi (Cæsalpinia coriaria).

The coastal fauna of the Chala includes sea lions, the anchovy and several seabirds.

Common trees in the north are the faique, the zapote, the zapayal, the barrigon and other thorny tropical savanna trees of the equatorial dry forests on the northern coast of Piura and Tumbes. Páramo and the northern coast of the Piura region are not under the influence of the cold Humboldt Current. Páramo has a tree line at the border, even on the westside of the continental divide.

Overview 
Andean Continental Divide
 

Mountain top:

 Mountain passes - 4,100 m  
 Puna grassland  
 Andean-alpine desert  
 Snow line - about 5,000 m  
 Janca - rocks, snow and ice     
 Peak

Loma-vegetation

Loma-vegetation, is found between  and  and it is situated at the first westside slope near the coast in Peru. This subregion has a subtropical desert climate with little rainfall along the central and southern coast (drier as one goes south). The average year round day temperature is  (max 33 °C, min 8 °C).

Orientation:
 Lomas, fog and mist-fed ecosystems on hills near the ocean and scattered along the nearly-rainless coastal desert.  
 Lomas de Lachay, Huaral Province in Lima, a protected example of a mist-fed ecosystem.

See also

 Climate zones by altitude
 Altitudinal zonation

Literature 

Physiographic regions of Peru
William Roe Howell

William Roe Howell (April 9, 1846 - December 30, 1890) was a prominent New York City photographer of the 1870s, known mostly for portraits of political and theatrical celebrities.

Was awarded a special grand prize at the World's Fair held in Vienna, Austria (Weltausstellung 1873 Wien). A collection of these photos, under the title of Howell's Album of Studies, sold in the U.S. for $8.00.

Howell closed his New York studio around 1880 and went into retirement. In 1886, he was living in Washington, D.C. attempting to open a new studio. In 1887, two weeks before its formal opening, he disappeared, and left his wife and five children penniless.  His wife admitted he was an eccentric man and was bothered by his business partner for spending too much money.  Howell eventually returned to his family, but the studio was not a success.

Howell moved back to New York around 1889 and died in 1890 of tuberculosis at the home of fellow photographer, Lawrence Perkinson. He was buried at Slate Hill Cemetery, Goshen, New York.

Howell died when he was 44 and never gained the name recognition that other contemporary photographers have attained such as Mathew Brady or Napoleon Sarony. Many of his celebrity photographs are regularly sold on eBay.

External links

1846 births
1890 deaths
American portrait photographers
Photographers from New York City
Peter MacNeill

Peter MacNeill is a Canadian film and television actor and voice-over artist who has starred in numerous television series and films.

His film credits have included The Hanging Garden (for which MacNeill won a Genie Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1997), Geraldine's Fortune, Crash, Dog Park, Open Range, A History of Violence, and Regression.

On television, he has had roles in Queer as Folk (as Carl Horvath), Katts and Dog (as Sgt. Callahan), Traders (as Frank Larkin), The Eleventh Hour (as Warren Donohue), PSI Factor: Chronicles of the Paranormal (as Ray Donahue) Call Me Fitz (as Ken Fitzpatrick), and The Good Witch series (as George O'Hanrahan). He is a two-time Gemini Award winner.

In January 2023, he was named the winner of the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television's Earle Grey Award for lifetime achivement in acting at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards.

Selected filmography

Film

Television

Video games 

 Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Blacklist (2013) as Secretary of Defense

Awards and nominations
1994 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role: Gross Misconduct: The Life of Brian Spencer (nominated)
1997 Genie Award for Best Supporting Actor: The Hanging Garden (won)
1998 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role in a Dramatic Program of Miniseries: Giant Mine (nominated)
2003 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role: The Eleventh Hour (won)
2008 Gemini Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role in a Dramatic Program of Miniseries: Victor (won)
2011 Gemini Award Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role or Guest Role in a Comedic Series: Call Me Fitz (nominated)
2011 Gemini Award Best Ensemble Performance in a Comedy Program or Series: Call Me Fitz (nominated)
2015 Canadian Screen Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Supporting Role or Guest Role in a Comedic Series: Call Me Fitz (nominated)

References

External links

Canadian male film actors
Canadian male television actors
Canadian male voice actors
Best Supporting Actor Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Male actors from New Brunswick
20th-century Canadian male actors
21st-century Canadian male actors
Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series Canadian Screen Award winners
Best Supporting Actor in a Television Film or Miniseries Canadian Screen Award winners
Jaffray

Jaffray may refer to:

 Jaffray, British Columbia, Canada
 Jaffray baronets, a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
 "Katharine Jaffray", a traditional Scottish ballad

People with the surname
 David Jaffray (born c. 1970), Canadian medical physicist
 Jason Jaffray (born 1981), Canadian hockey player
 Jean-Yves Jaffray (1939–2009), French mathematician and economist 
 John Jaffray (journalist) (1818–1901), British journalist 
 Lyn Jaffray (born 1950), New Zealand All Black rugby union player
 Merv Jaffray (born 1949), New Zealand All Black rugby union player
 Robert A. Jaffray (1873–1945), Canadian religious leader
 William Jaffray (1832–1896), Canadian newspaper editor and mayor of Berlin, Ontario

See also
 Jeffrey (disambiguation)
Connecticut Route 41

Route 41 is a  scenic state highway in rural Northwestern Connecticut. It extends from the New York state line in Sharon to the Massachusetts state line in Salisbury and is the only state-numbered route in Connecticut that has both its ends at a state border.

Route description 

Route 41 begins as Amenia Union Road at a junction with Dutchess County Route 2 in the hamlet of Amenia Union at the New York state line in the town of Sharon. Route 41 proceeds north for  towards the Sharon Country Club, veering to the east then back north, becoming South Main Street. In the town center of Sharon, Route 41 intersects with Route 343 and Route 4, becoming Main Street north of the junction. After about , Route 361 leaves to the west, with Route 41 continuing northeast on North Main Street. After leaving the town center, the road becomes Gay Street, running for another  to the Salisbury town line.

Upon entering Salisbury, the road name changes to Sharon Road as it heads for another  towards the village of Lakeville. Along the way, it intersects with Route 112 just south of Wononskopomuc Lake. In Lakeville, Route 41 begins a  overlap with U.S. Route 44 (Main Street), as the road heads into the town center of Salisbury. In Salisbury center, Route 41 splits off from Route 44 along Under Mountain Road. The road travels for about , passing by Mount Riga State Park, until the Massachusetts state line. The road continues across the state line as Massachusetts Route 41.

Connecticut designates various sections of its rural highways as scenic roads. The scenic designation not only encourages sightseeing but also prevents certain developments alongside and on the road itself that would alter its appearance, including rerouting and widening. In July 1990, a four-mile (6 km) section through the town center of Sharon, between Boland Road and Cole Road, was designated as a scenic road. In October 1992, the scenic designation was extended an additional  to cover the length of the route within the town of Sharon. The following year, the town of Salisbury applied for and received approval for a scenic designation for its portion of Route 41, which resulted in the entire length of Route 41 being designated a scenic route.

History 

The portion of Route 41 north of modern Route 343 was part of the 1920s New England Interstate Route 4. The portion south of Route 343 was originally a secondary state highway designated as Highway 360. In 1926, New England Route 4 was designated by AASHO as U.S. Route 7. By 1928, however, US 7 was relocated to its modern alignment. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, modern Route 41 was established from part of old New England Route 4 and old State Highway 360. No significant changes to the route have been made since.

Junction list

References

External links 

041
Transportation in Litchfield County, Connecticut
Sharon, Connecticut
Salisbury, Connecticut
U.S. Route 7
For Love of Mother-Not

For Love of Mother-Not   is a science fiction novel by American writer Alan Dean Foster, first published in 1983. The book is chronologically the first in the Pip and Flinx series, though it was written fourth, as a prequel to help flesh out Flinx’s early history.

Plot introduction
The story of Flinx is begun in this novel, exploring his early years growing up with Mother Mastiff on the planet Moth. Young Philip Lynx is purchased in a slave auction by Mother Mastiff for one hundred credits. After years of raising the boy, whose full origins are unknown to his adoptive mother, she suddenly disappears. Flinx pursues her across the rainy world of Moth and discovers she has been kidnapped by the mysterious Meliorare Society, a group known to have experimented with eugenics that might very well be the source of Flinx’s unusual talents.

Flinx is gifted with empathic powers and able to project emotions and read the emotions of others. Mother Mastiff also realizes later on that it was not her desire to buy the boy but his desire to be bought that was intentionally pushed on to her by Flinx.

External links
Alan Dean Foster homepage

1983 American novels
1983 science fiction novels
American science fiction novels
Humanx Commonwealth
Novels by Alan Dean Foster
Del Rey books
Eddie Klep

Edward Joseph Klep (October 12, 1918 – November 21, 1981) was born in Erie, Pennsylvania.  Most notably, Klep became the first white American to play baseball in the Negro leagues when he pitched three innings for the Cleveland Buckeyes on May 29, 1946, in a loss against the Chicago American Giants in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Klep was featured on the cover and in a feature article in the Spring 2002 issue of Elysian Fields Quarterly.

Notes

References
Jonathan Tilove, "A Robinson in Reverse, Eddie Klep Integrated the Negro Leagues", Newhouse News Service, March 5, 2005, retrieved October 22, 2006.

External links
Career statistics and player information Seamheads

1918 births
1981 deaths
Cleveland Buckeyes players
Baseball players from Erie, Pennsylvania
Baseball players from Los Angeles
9th Independent Spirit Awards

The 9th Independent Spirit Awards, honoring the best in independent filmmaking for 1993, were announced on March 19, 1994 at the Hollywood Palladium. The nominations were announced on January 14, 1994. Actor and director Robert Townsend hosted the ceremony, which was previously a position held on to for eight consecutive years by Buck Henry.

Controversy
The announcement of this year's nominations—made by a committee of a governing body called the Independent Features Project West—was postponed due to a confusion over the eligibility of Gramercy Pictures' drama A Dangerous Woman. The IFPW board determined that the film, which initially had received two nominations, had been partially funded by Universal Pictures and thus was not eligible, according to then-IFPW President Cathy Main; Gramercy Pictures is jointly owned by Universal Pictures and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment. In response, Gramercy Pictures President Russell Schwartz said the IFPW's rules "make no sense" and the IFPW is "as archaic as the (Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences') foreign language rules". Schwartz also added that Universal's only involvement was to guarantee a bank loan to the filmmaker and its money was not used.

Winners and nominees

Films with multiple nominations and awards

Films that received multiple nominations

Films that won multiple awards

Special awards

John Cassavetes Award
 Jim Jarmusch

Special Distinction Award
 Sandra Schulberg

References

External links
 1993 Spirit Awards at IMDb
 Official ceremony on YouTube

1993
Independent Spirit Awards
List of intelligent dance music artists

This is a list of notable music artists who primarily play intelligent dance music (IDM). Artists/groups are listed alphabetically (excluding "The") and proper names are alphabetized by their first name.

#
808 State
μ-ziq

A–K

Actress
Acustic
Air Liquide
Alarm Will Sound
Alva Noto
Alpha 606
Amon Tobin
Andy Stott
Aphex Twin
Apparat
Arca
Arovane
Autechre
B12
Beaumont Hannant
Ben Frost
Benn Jordan
Biosphere
Björk
The Black Dog
Blanck Mass 
Blank Banshee
Boards of Canada
Bochum Welt
Bogdan Raczynski
Boom Bip
Brothomstates
Burial
Bvdub
C418
Cabaret Voltaire
Carbon Based Lifeforms
Capitol K
Casino Versus Japan
Clan Balache
Ceephax Acid Crew
Cex
Chris Clark
Chris Douglas
Christ.
Clocolan
Cylob
Daedelus
Daisuke Tanabe
Daniel Myer
Deadbeat
Deepchord
Demdike Stare
Deru
Diagram of Suburban Chaos
DMX Krew
Dopplereffekt
Drexciya
Eight Frozen Modules
Emptyset
Esem
FaltyDL
Fennesz
The Field
The Fireman
The Flashbulb
Floating Points
Flying Lotus
Forest Swords
Four Tet
Freescha
Funkstörung
The Future Sound Of London
Gas
Gescom
Global Communication
Global Goon
Goldie
Gridlock
Himuro Yoshiteru
I am Robot and Proud
Innovaders
Isan
J Lesser
Jackson and his Computer Band
Jan Jelinek
Jega
Jello
Jlin
John Tejada
Denzel Dreckly
Jon Hopkins
Kevin Blechdom
Kid606
Kim Hiorthøy
Kodomo
Koreless

L–Z

Lackluster
Legowelt
Lemon Jelly
LFO
Locust Toybox
Lone
Loscil
Lorn
Lusine
Machinedrum
Mark Pritchard
Marumari
Matmos
Meat Beat Manifesto
Mick Harris
Mira Calix
Monolake 
Moderat
Mouse on Mars
Murcof
Nathan Fake
Neoncoloredpixels
Obfusc
Ochre
Oneohtrix Point Never
The Orb
Orbital
Oval
Pan Sonic
Pedro INF
Peshay
Phoenecia
Photek
Pilote
Plaid
Prefuse 73
Plastikman
Plone
Pole
Push Button Objects
Pye Corner Audio
Raoul Sinier
Richard Devine
Richard H. Kirk
Romulo Del Castillo
Rival Consoles
The Sabres of Paradise
Secede
Secret Mommy
Seefeel
Seekae
Shigeto
Skylab
Solvent
Speedy J
Squarepusher
Stendeck
Steve Hauschildt
Syndrone
System 7
Sun Electric
Susumu Yokota
Sweet Exorcist
Sweet Trip
Team Doyobi
Telefon Tel Aviv
Thom Yorke
Tim Hecker
Trentemøller
TRS-80
Two Lone Swordsmen
Tycho
Ulrich Schnauss
Universal Indicator
Vector Lovers
Venetian Snares
Vulva
Wagon Christ
William Orbit
Wisp
Yppah
Zoon van snooK

References

Lists of musicians by genre
C96

C96 may refer to:
 Mauser C96, a semiautomatic pistol
 Ruy Lopez chess openings ECO code
 Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949 code
 a class IIB wind turbine manufactured by Clipper Windpower
Sleep and Release

Sleep and Release is the second album by Scottish band Aereogramme. It was released in 2003 on Chemikal Underground in the UK and Matador in the USA.

In 2010, vocalist Craig B stated that he has:

Track listing
All songs written by Aereogramme.
 "Indiscretion #243" – 3:43
 "Black Path" – 3:53
 "A Simple Process of Elimination" – 5:48
 "Older" – 5:17
 "No Really, Everything's Fine" – 5:55
 "Wood" – 5:21
 "Yes" – 2:00
 "In Gratitude" – 4:52
 "A Winter's Discord" – 6:32
 "-" – 6:31

References

2003 albums
Aereogramme albums
Chemikal Underground albums