alibayram/wikipedia-40-langs huggingface dataset:
Donald Jarvis

Don Jarvis  (1923–2001) was a Canadian abstract painter.

Career
Born in Vancouver in 1923, Don Jarvis took up drawing at an early age. An aspiring cartoonist as a teenager, Jarvis enrolled at the Vancouver School of Art in 1941 and was encouraged by his teachers, B.C. Binning and Jack Shadbolt to pursue fine art. He left after a year, but returned in 1946 and completed the course in 1948.

When he graduated in 1948, Jarvis won a scholarship. At the suggestion of Lawren Harris, he traveled to New York City to study under the abstract expressionist Hans Hofmann. His time in New York produced his acclaimed, newly rediscovered collection of New York Drawings. Jarvis returned to Vancouver in 1949 and became a drawing and painting instructor at the Vancouver School of Art in 1951, in 1961 becoming head of the department. He remained there for 36 years. He is known for his lyrical abstractions, and especially for his Encounter and Rain Forest series of the 1960s and 1970s. Jarvis began exhibiting in the annual B.C. Artists exhibitions at the Vancouver Art Gallery in 1946, and each year after that until 1958, as well as in 1960, 1963, and 1965. He was given solo exhibitions at the Vancouver Gallery in 1949, the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria, the Edmonton Art Gallery, and Simon Fraser University Gallery and participated in many group exhibitions His work is represented in the National Gallery of Canada, the Vancouver Art Gallery, the Winnipeg Art Gallery and elsewhere.

In 1961, he received a Canada Council Select Arts Fellowship and he was made a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts in 1967. He was also a member of the Canadian Group of Painters and the British Columbia Group of Artists. In 1999,he said:

"I see the painter as an instrument, a function, a conduit of the essential unity. My work is metaphor, never simile. I make no distinction between subject and object, inner and outer, maker and viewer. I am continually surprised by what arises on the canvas or the paper. I am not a 'creator'. How can one create what is already there? I am mist, trees, rain, sun brush, canvas, weather, season, figure."

Personal life
Jarvis died of heart disease on March 22, 2001 in Sechelt, British Columbia, leaving his wife, Gladys, their two sons, Graham and Roy, and grandchildren, Jennifer and Scott and one of the most varied Canadian art collections.

Notes

Artists from Vancouver
Modern painters
20th-century Canadian painters
Canadian male painters
Canadian people of British descent
Canadian people of French descent
1923 births
2001 deaths
Emily Carr University of Art and Design alumni
Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
Canadian art educators
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Canadian abstract artists
20th-century Canadian male artists
Rainmaker Mountain

Rainmaker Mountain (also known as Mount Pioa) is the name of a mountain located near Pago Pago, American Samoa on Tutuila Island. Rainmaker Mountain traps rain clouds and gives Pago Pago the highest annual rainfall of any harbor.  The average annual rainfall on the mountain is around 200 inches (5 m). It has a three-pronged summit. Rainmaker Mountain and its base were designated a National Natural Landmark in 1972 due to the slopes’ tropical vegetation.

Rainmaker Mountain is one of several giant volcanic mountains that created Tutuila Island. It dominates the scene from nearly every point in Pago Pago Harbor. It comprises three mountain peaks: North Pioa, South Pioa, and Sinapioa. The peaks range in elevation from 1,619 to 1,718 feet. The 170-acre designated landmark area occurs above the 800-foot contour line. Several endemic species are present only here and on Matafao Peak, the highest point on Tutuila.

Rainmaker Mountain, famous in Samoan legend and lore, is also geologically important as an example of a volcanic plug (quartz trachyte). The upper slopes are montane rainforest and the crest is montane scrub. 

The mountain is a volcanic feature known as a trachyte plug, a volcanic intrusion made of extrusive igneous rocks having alkali feldspar and minor mafic minerals as the main components and a fine-grained, generally porphyritic texture.

A closeup of the mountain is visible up Rainmaker Pass.

Rainmaker Hotel was a hotel at the port entrance under the mountain.

See also
List of National Natural Landmarks in American Samoa

References

 https://web.archive.org/web/20061005005025/http://www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/npsa/index.cfm

External links
 National Park Service site for Rainmaker Mountain

Mountains of American Samoa
Tutuila
National Natural Landmarks in American Samoa
Volcanoes of American Samoa
Volcanic plugs of the United States
Electromechanical coupling coefficient

The electromechanical coupling coefficient is a numerical measure of the conversion efficiency between electrical and acoustic energy in piezoelectric materials.

Qualitatively the electromechanical coupling coefficient, k, can be described as:

References

Vilnius University, Laboratory of Physical Acoustics

Dimensionless numbers
Condensed matter physics
Electrical phenomena
Lisa McRee

Lisa McRee (born November 9, 1961) is an American television journalist and news anchor, of the Emmy Award Winning LA TIMES TODAY.  Born in Fort Worth, Texas. She is a former co-anchor of Good Morning America.

Career
She was a news anchor and reporter for KERO-TV in Bakersfield, California and WFAA-TV in Dallas, Texas, before becoming one of the original anchors, along with Aaron Brown, of ABC News' World News Now when the show launched in 1992. McRee left the show in 1993 to serve as a host for Good Morning America Sunday, anchor and correspondent for Lifetime Magazine and a reporter on ABC’s Day One.  

She then moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1994 to work as an anchor and reporter for KABC-TV.

In 1997, she was hired to replace Joan Lunden as co-anchor of Good Morning America. She then was paired with Kevin Newman after Charles Gibson left the show in 1998. However, Good Morning America, which had been struggling in the ratings, continued to perform poorly. Both she and Newman were replaced in 1999 and reassigned to other duties within ABC News.

From 2004 to 2007, McRee was a host and correspondent for California Connected, a TV news magazine that aired on 12 PBS stations in California. During McRee's tenure, ratings improved 43% in her last year. The program was canceled due to a lack of funding.

In February 2017, McRee began filling-in as the co-anchor of Good Day L.A. on KTTV, the Fox owned-and-operated television station in Los Angeles.

In November 2018, McRee became a news anchor for the recently created Spectrum News 1 Network, co-anchoring the morning show and anchoring the evening show, LA TIMES TODAY, a co-production of The Los Angeles Times and Spectrum News 1.  

Winner of multiple Emmy Awards, the 2007 Alfred I. duPont-Columbia Journalism Award for reporting and producing California Connected: War Stories from Ward 7-D, in 2021 McRee won The LA Press Club’s award for Television Journalist of the Year.

Filmography

References

External links 

Staff page at Spectrum News 1

1961 births
Living people
ABC News personalities
American television reporters and correspondents
Television anchors from Los Angeles
Journalists from Fort Worth, Texas
Víctimas del Vaciamiento

Víctimas del Vaciamiento is the third and last album of Argentine heavy metal band Hermética, released in 1994 by Radio Trípoli Discos. It was the best selling album of the band.

Background
Hermética's first drummer, Tony Scotto, left the band in 1991 and was replaced by Claudio Strunz, right before they recorded Ácido Argentino. The album was a success, and the label allowed the band to record their new studio album in better conditions.

Production
Drummer Claudio Strunz had better recording conditions than in Ácido Argentino, as he had both more time to practice the songs and experience with the band. Unlike the previous album, the new one had more varied song structures, and a higher coordination with the guitar style of Antonio Romano.

Track listing
All lyrics written by Ricardo Iorio.

Personnel
Band

Claudio O'Connor - lead vocals.
Antonio Romano - guitar.
Ricardo Iorio - bass guitar, lead vocals on «Olvídalo y volverá por más» and «Del colimba», fragment on «Moraleja» and introduction on «Otro día para ser».
Claudio Strunz - drums.

Others
 Alvaro Villagra - Sound engineer, keyboards on «Otro día para ser» and «Cuando duerme la ciudad», piano on «Moraleja»
 Marcelo Tommy Moya - Management
 Marcelo Caputo - Management
 Sergio Fasanelli - Executive producer

References

Information about the disc at rock.com.ar
Hermética's biography at rock.com.ar

1994 albums
Hermética albums
Nova Scotia Route 213

Route 213 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in the Halifax Regional Municipality, connecting Bedford at Trunk 2 (the Bedford Highway) with Upper Tantallon at Trunk 3 with interchanges with Highway 102 and Highway 103 located near the termini.

It is known as the "Hammonds Plains Road."

Route description

From its eastern terminus with the Trunk 2 (Bedford Highway) it is a 2-lane collector road until its junction with Highway 102. Heading west from Highway 102 it is four lanes to Gary Martin Drive with a speed of 50 km/h. From Gary Martin Drive until Pockwock Road, it is a two-lane collector road with a speed limit of 70 km/h. From Pockwock Road until its terminus at Trunk 3 (St. Margaret's Bay Road), it is a two lane limited access road with a speed limit varying between 60 km/h and 80 km/h.

Communities along Route 213
Upper Tantallon
Stillwater Lake
English Corner
Hammonds Plains
West Bedford
Bedford

Major intersections

 (Bedford Highway)
 (Exit 3)
Innovation Drive
Gary Martin Drive
Bluewater Road (Atlantic Acres Industrial Park)
Larry Uteck Blvd.
Kingswood Drive/Gatehouse Run
Lucasville Road
Glen Arbour Way
Pockwock Road
Westwood Blvd.
 (Exit 5)
 (St. Margaret's Bay Rd).

See also
List of Nova Scotia provincial highways

References

External links
Satellite View of Route 213

Roads in Halifax, Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia provincial highways
David Amsalem

David Amsalem (; born on 4 September 1971 in Israel) is an Israeli retired footballer.

Career
He started his career with Bnei Yehuda and then joined Hapoel Tel Aviv whom he played for during the 1994–1995 season. He became the second Israeli to join Crystal Palace following Itzik Zohar who left just as Amsalem was signing.

Terry Venables signed Amsalem from Beitar Jerusalem for £800,000 in 1998 via a third party at a time when Amsalem was captain of the Israeli national side. Controversy surrounded his signing as there were claims the money never reached Beitar. Beitar chairman Ehud Federman said that his contract had run out and had left the club on a free transfer.

He played for Beitar Jerusalem for three seasons 1995–1998. He started six games for Palace and played in a total of ten games for them. He was released from the club in 1999 and joined Hapoel Haifa who he played for until the end of the 1999–2000 season.

He made his return to Beitar Jerusalem in 2000 and played there for eight-and-a-half seasons, until  he retired in July 2009, to become assistant coach at the club.

Honours
Israeli Premier League (4):
1996–97, 1997–98, 2006–07, 2007–08
Toto Cup (1):
1997–98
Israel State Cup (2):
2008, 2009

External links
  Profile and statistics of David Amsalem on One.co.il
 
 

1971 births
Living people
Israeli men's footballers
Israel men's international footballers
Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv F.C. players
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. players
Beitar Jerusalem F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Hapoel Haifa F.C. players
Beitar Jerusalem F.C. managers
English Football League players
Israeli expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in England
Israeli expatriate sportspeople in England
Israeli people of Algerian-Jewish descent
Footballers from Lod
Men's association football fullbacks
Israeli football managers
Georg Scherer

Georg Scherer (1540 – 30 November 1605) was a Roman Catholic pulpit orator and controversialist.

Born at Schwaz, in Tyrol, Scherer entered the Society of Jesus in 1559. Even before his ordination he was famed for his preaching powers. For over forty years he labored in the Archduchy of Austria. In 1577 he was Court preacher to the Archduke Matthias; he retained the post until 1600. In 1590 he was appointed Rector of the Jesuit College at Vienna; the sternness of his character scarcely fitted him for the office, and he was transferred (1594) to Linz. The story of his being struck blind in the pulpit, after having exclaimed: "If the Catholic Church is not the True Church, may I become blind," is a pure invention.

Scherer was a man of boundless energy and rugged strength of character, a strenuous controversialist, a genuinely popular orator and writer. He vigorously opposed the Tübingen professors who meditated a union with the Greek Schismatics, refuted Lutheran divines like Osiander and Heerbrand, and roused his countrymen against the Turks. Believing like his contemporaries that the State had the right to put witches to death, he maintained, however, that since they were possessed, the principal weapons used against them should be spiritual ones, e.g.exorcisms or prayer. Scherer's severe attitude towards witchcraft did not meet the approval of his general, Acquaviva. His eloquence and zeal made many converts, amongst them the future Cardinal Khlesl. His works were collected and published by the Premonstratensians of Bruck, Moravia (1599–1600), and again issued at Munich (1613–1614).

The Plainacher Witch Affair
In 1583, Scherer played a role in Vienna's one and only case of witch-burning. 70-year-old Elise Plainacher of Mank, Lower Austria, a Lutheran, had raised her granddaughter Anna Schlutterbauer ever since the girl's mother died. When Anna was 17 her father, Elise's Catholic son-in-law, took custody and moved with Anna to St. Pölten. There, the girl suffered seizures, probably epileptic, that were blamed on a hex placed by her grandmother. Anna and Elise were brought to Vienna, where Scherer conducted a rigorous "investigation" (exorcisms combined with interrogation) at St. Barbara's Church in Fleischmarkt. Over the course of several days, Scherer claimed to have discovered 12,652 demons inhabiting Anna's body and spirit. At length the exhausted and confused girl agreed that her grandmother had hexed her. Elise was taken to the notorious Rogues' House (Malefizhaus) at 10 Rauhensteingasse for interrogation under torture. Her eventual confession was so unconvincing that the mayor of Vienna appealed to Emperor Rudolf II to overturn it, but Scherer brought ecclesiastical pressure to bear and the Emperor declined the petition. Elise Plainacher was burned at the stake and her ashes thrown into the Danube on 28 September 1583.

Death
Scherer died in Linz of apoplexy.

References
 

1540 births
1605 deaths
17th-century Austrian Jesuits
Witch hunters
People from Schwaz
Academic staff of the University of Vienna
Witch trials in Austria
16th-century Austrian Jesuits
De Smet

De Smet or Desmet may refer to:

People
De Smet (surname)

Places
De Smet, South Dakota, a town in Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States
De Smet, Idaho, a town in Benewah County, Idaho, United States
De Smet, an unincorporated community in Missoula County, Montana, United States

Other uses
Desmet method, a method for restoring the colours of early silent films

De Smet Jesuit High School, Creve Coeur, Missouri, United States
DeSmet (boat), a passenger boat in Glacier National Park
Monkey's Eyebrow, Kentucky

Monkey's Eyebrow is a rural unincorporated community in Ballard County, Kentucky, United States. It is generally the northwesternmost community in the Jackson Purchase area of western Kentucky that is identified on the highway maps distributed by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The community is part of the Paducah, KY-IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. A few different theories exist regarding the origin of the community's unique name.

Overview
There were originally two Monkey's Eyebrows, commonly known as Old Monkey and New Monkey. One was at the top of a small hill, the other at the bottom. There were stores at both locations. Today, there are no stores. According to an article nearly 30 years ago in the county newspaper, the Advance Yeoman, the area acquired its unique name around the turn of the 20th century. A nearby attraction is the state-controlled Ballard County Wildlife Management Area. Goose hunting is a winter activity in Monkey's Eyebrow.

A common joke in the region is to provide directions to the city of Paducah by saying "it's halfway between Monkey's Eyebrow and Possum Trot (a tiny community in Marshall County)."

The community was formerly frequently mentioned in the sign-off message of WPSD-TV in nearby Paducah, as the location of its  broadcast transmitter.

Etymology
Monkey's Eyebrow has been frequently noted for its unusual place name.

One theory on the origin of this unique name is that when looking at it from the air, or on a map of Ballard County, it resembles a monkey's head. Monkey's Eyebrow is located where the monkey's eyebrow would be located. It has also been said that, when viewed from a nearby hill, the shape of the town resembles a monkey's eyebrow.

Yet another theory of the town's naming is that sometime before 1900, a community resident would go to nearby Needmore to get supplies, instead of going to the local general store and blacksmith shop built and owned by John and Dodge Ray, as the man didn't like his neighbors. It has been stated that the man considered the store to be "only fit for a bunch of monkeys", and that he considered both of its owners to be monkey-like, even having eyebrows resembling those of a monkey. It has also been stated that the man viewed the brush on Beeler Hill above the store as resembling monkey eyebrows.

Notable people

Kelsey Waldon, country singer raised in Monkey's Eyebrow
Paul Watson, musician born in Monkey's Eyebrow

References

Further reading
 

Unincorporated communities in Ballard County, Kentucky
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
Paducah micropolitan area
Zira

Zira may refer to:

Places
 Zirə, Azerbaijan
 Zira, Iran (disambiguation), places in Iran
 Zira, Punjab, a town in Ferozepur district of Punjab, India

Other uses
 Zira (The Lion King II), a lioness and the antagonist in Disney's 1998 direct-to-video animated film The Lion King II: Simba's Pride
 Zira (Planet of the Apes), a chimpanzee character in the novel and movie series Planet of the Apes
 Zira FK, an Azerbaijani football club
 Zira, a TellMe voice persona
 Zira or jira, a cumin as used in Indian cuisine
 "Zira (Call Out My Name)", a song by Redd Kross on the album Third Eye

See also
 
 Zira'a, Homs Governorate, Syria
 Jira (disambiguation)
NQ Dry Tropics

NQ Dry Tropics (formerly Burdekin Dry Tropics NRM) is the natural resource management body for the Burdekin Dry Tropics region. Based in Townsville, it is an independent, community based, not-for-profit organisation that has been delivering on-ground Natural Resource Management (NRM) activities since 2005 to enhance the sustainability of the region's natural resources including water, soil and biodiversity. 

The economy of the NQ Dry Tropics region is heavily reliant upon natural resources based industries, particularly agriculture. Agriculture is by far the most important employer in the rural areas of the region with well established grazing, sugarcane and horticultural industries. Other major industries include mining, energy and tourism.

History

The National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality (NAPSWQ) and the Natural Heritage Trust Extension (NHT2) were natural resource management programs established by the Australian Government, in partnership with State Governments, to address the declining condition of natural resources in Australia. The long term objectives of these programs was to halt and reverse the decline in the condition of the natural resource base. It also recognised that the long term success of Natural resource management activities depended on involvement of sectors of the community. 

The election of the Rudd Government saw development of the Caring for our Country program. It was a commitment of $2.25 billion in funding over the first five years commencing 1 July 2008.

Goals
Land care programs and sustainable farming.

Geography
The NQ Dry Tropics region is located in north eastern Queensland, covering an area of approximately 133,432 km² and is primarily defined by the catchment area of the Burdekin River plus the associated coastal and marine areas. The region has a population of approximately 240,000 which is mostly concentrated in the major population centres of Townsville, Ayr, Bowen and Charters Towers. Outside of these major centres the region has sparsely populated pastoral properties and mines.

Major watercourses
Major water courses in this catchment include:

 Basalt River
 Belyando River
 Bogie River
 Bohle River
 Bowen River
 Broken River

 Burdekin River
 Campaspe River
 Cape River
 Clarke River
 Don River

 Dry River
 Fanning River
 Haughton River
 Ross River
 Running River

 Sellheim River
 Star River
 Suttor River

Bioregions
There are 6 of 15 bioregions (as defined by Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia) that exist within the Burdekin Dry Tropics NRM region. These are: 
 Brigalow Belt North
 Brigalow Belt South
 Central Mackay Coast
 Desert Uplands
 Einasleigh Uplands
 Wet Tropics

Projects
 Landholders Driving Change
Land Resource Assessment for the Burdekin Dry Tropics region
 Burdekin Water Quality Improvement Plan

References

Environmental organisations based in Australia
Nature conservation in Australia
Non-profit organisations based in Queensland
Organizations established in 2002
2002 establishments in Australia
Caddo Mills High School

Caddo Mills High School is a public school located in Caddo Mills, Texas (USA). It is part of the Caddo Mills Independent School District.  In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. The growth of nearby Dallas has caused a rise in enrollment in recent years.

References

External links
 Caddo Mills Independent School District
 Caddo Mills Chamber of Commerce

Schools in Hunt County, Texas
Public high schools in Texas
Nizami Pashayev

Nizami Pashayev (born February 2, 1981 in Gadabay) is an Azerbaijani retired weightlifter.

Career
He won two World Weightlifting Championships titles and one European Weightlifting Championships title, when he hauled 402 kilograms in total to take the overall gold in the men's 94 kg category.

Pashayev totalled 402 kg on May 20, 2006, but it was the 25-year-old's snatch winning effort of 186 kg that helped him gain the title ahead of Poland's Szymon Kolecki who was second in the clean and jerk with 217 kg. Later that year Pashayev was disqualified for two years after failing a WADA drugs test. He lost his European title and was fined $2,400.

On 17 November 2016 the IOC disqualified Pashayev from the 2008 Olympic Games and struck his results from the record for failing a drugs test in a re-analysis of his doping sample from 2008.

References

External links
 
 Nizami Pashayev at Lift Up
 
 
 

1981 births
Azerbaijani sportspeople in doping cases
Azerbaijani male weightlifters
Doping cases in weightlifting
Living people
Weightlifters at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Weightlifters at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic weightlifters for Azerbaijan
European Weightlifting Championships medalists
World Weightlifting Championships medalists
Landmann

Landmann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Barbara Heinemann Landmann (1795–1883), German spiritual leader
 Ludwig Landmann (1868–1945), first Jewish Mayor of Frankfurt
 George Thomas Landmann (1779–1854), British civil engineer
 Salcia Landmann (1911–2002), Austrian-born Jewish writer and wife of the philosopher Michael Landmann

See also 
 Landman (disambiguation)
 Lanzmann
 Landesmann
Grindie

Grindie, also known as grime-indie or grime indie, is a form of music that emerged in early 2006. It is a fusion of indie rock or alternative rock and grime music.

History
Grime producer Statik, who coined the name "grindie" initially as a joke, was one of the main proponents of the genre and also one of the first to release an album containing only grindie tracks, Grindie Vol. 1 containing over 60 songs. Statik stated he turned towards creating a new sound due to the staleness he felt the grime scene was experiencing at the time. The genre initially received some criticisms by grime fans who perceived it to be a fad created by magazines, rather than a fully fledged scene.

Akira the Don, who signed to Interscope Records in 2004, released multiple mixtapes sampling rock and indie artists, including the "Third Hand Wire Riffs" mixtape featuring Elastica, Big Narstie, Lethal Bizzle, Martin Carr of the Boo Radleys and others.

Jack Nimble and Marvin the Martian / Marv the Marsh have been credited for creating the first grindie song, "Stay Off the Kane", released in 2005. The song was a remix of Art Brut's song "Emily Kane". Art Brut later invited Why Lout?, the group Marvin and Jack Nimble were members of, to be the opening act for them at Koko. In 2006, the group released Hoods & Badges EP on the Universal Digital record label.

Akira the Don produced tracks for grime star Big Narstie's "What's the Story Brixton Glory" mixtape that sampled Oasis and Arctic Monkeys, that was later cited as an influence by Ed Sheeran. Grime artist Lethal Bizzle became a prominent artist in the subgenre, releasing multiple top 40 hits produced by Akira the Don that sampled the Clash, the Breeders and Sham 69, also collaborating with Statik, the Rakes, Babyshambles, Bloc Party, and Test Icicles. Lethal Bizzle was at the time struggling due to clubs banning him from performing. Grindie allowed Lethal Bizzle to find a new, indie, audience and platform. Charli XCX was dubbed the "Grindie Princess" during her early career. Hadouken! was also associated with the scene.

References

Grime music
Indie rock
English styles of music
British rock music genres
Carstairs index

The Carstairs index is an index of deprivation used in spatial epidemiology to identify Socio-economic confounding.

The index was developed by Vera Carstairs and Russell Morris, and published in 1991 as Deprivation and Health in Scotland. The work focusses on Scotland, and was an alternative to the Townsend Index of deprivation to avoid the use of households as denominators. The Carstairs index is based on four Census variables: low social class, lack of car ownership, overcrowding and male unemployment and the overall index reflects the material deprivation of an area, in relation to the rest of Scotland. Carstairs indices are calculated at the postcode sector level, with average population sizes of approximately 5,000 persons.

The Carstairs index makes use of data collected at the Census to calculate the relative deprivation of an area, therefore there have been four versions: 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011. The Carstairs indices are routinely produced and published by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit at the University of Glasgow.



Calculating the Index 

The components of the Carstairs score are unweighted, and so to ensure that they all have equal influence over the final score, each variable is standardised to have a population-weighted mean of zero, and a variance of one, using the z-score method. The Carstairs index for each area is the sum of the standardised values of the components. Indices may be positive or negative, with negative scores indicating that the area has a lower level of deprivation, and positive scores suggesting the area has a relatively higher level of deprivation.

The indices are typically ordered from lowest to highest, and grouped into population quintiles. In the 1981, 1991 and 2001 indices, quintile 1 represented the least  deprived areas, and quintile 5 represented the most deprived. In 2011, the order was reversed, in line with the ordering of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.

Changes to the variables 

The low social class component of the 1981 and 1991 Carstairs index was created using the Registrar General's Social Class (later Social Class for Occupation). In 2001, this was superseded by the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC). This meant that the definition of low social class had to be amended to reflect the approximate operational categories.
The definition of overcrowding was amended between 1981 and 1991, due to the inclusion of kitchens of at least 2 metres wide into the room count in the census.

References

Epidemiology
Social statistics data
1991 introductions
Adassa

Adassa (born February 5, 1987) is an American urban reggaeton singer and songwriter. She is known for her Latin-infused dance-pop music and has released several albums throughout her career, including "Kamasutra" and "Adassa." Her music career spans from urban reggaeton to Christian music.

Adassa has also worked in the entertainment industry as a voice actress, including her role as the character Dolores in the Disney movie Encanto. She received nominations for Collaboration of the Year and Favorite Pop Song at the 2022 American Music Awards for her work on the viral hit song "We Don't Talk About Bruno" from the movie's soundtrack.

Adassa also performed the National Anthem at the Homestead Miami Speedway for the Dixie Vodka 400 NASCAR.

Early life 
Adassa was born in Miami, Florida, and raised in St. Croix, Virgin Islands, by her Afro-Colombian parents.

Career 
She has toured and collaborated with artists such as Daddy Yankee, Lil' Flip, Pitbull, Taino, Ivy Queen, Don Omar, Lil Jon, Kevin Lyttle, Vico C, Baby Rasta & Gringo, Wisin & Yandel, Sasha, Baby Bash and Juvenile among others.

She also made high-profile cameo appearances with Ciara and Missy Elliott on "1, 2 Step" (Don Candiani Reggaetón Remix), with Pitbull on the title track record off of her second album Kamasutra, and alongside Tego Calderón and Roselyn Sánchez.

She was also successful in Europe with the song "Bounce" (duet with the Turkish pop star Tarkan).

Her 2005 single "De Tra" reached No. 40 on Billboard Latin Tropical Airplay chart. Adassa's singles "Dancing Alone" & "Little White Lies", held top positions on the German dance charts in early 2013.

She made her acting debut in the Disney animated feature film Encanto as the voice of Dolores Madrigal. The following year, she acted in season 2 of Around the Sun, an episodic audio drama.

Discography

Albums 
 2004: On the Floor
 2005: Kamasutra
 2007: Adassa

Singles

Other charted songs

Music videos 
 "On the Floor" (2004)
 "De Tra" (2005)
 "Dejare de Quererte" (2005)
 "Kamasutra" (feat. Pitbull) (2006)
 "La Manera" (2007)
 "No Me Compares" (2007)
 "All I Wanna Do" (2008)
 "Sexy (Dance Remix)" (2008)
 "Brindemos Por El Amor" (2012)
 "La Gata" (2013)
 "BOOM (He Won't Get Away)" (David May Mix Cue feat. Snoop Dogg & Adassa) (2014)
 "I Wanna Feel Real" (Code Beat feat. Flo Rida, Teairra Marie, Adassa) (2014)
 "Loca" (feat. Pitbull) (2016)
 "Razor Blade" (Eyes Of Providence feat. Adassa) (2016)
 "Tu Traicion" (2017)
 "Porque Ella Y No Yo" (2018)
 "M.B.S" (2018)
 "Bello Y Eterno" (2021)
 We Don't Talk About Bruno (BYU Vocal Point feat. Adassa and One Voice Children's Choir) (2022)
 "Turn it Down" (ft. Or3o, Kathy Chan, CG5, Chi-Chi, DJSmell, Nenorama, Cami-cat, Jordan Fries) (2022)

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links 
 
 

1987 births
American people of Colombian descent
American reggaeton musicians
Living people
Musicians from Miami
Singer-songwriters from Florida
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
Which Wich?

Which Wich Superior Sandwiches is an American fast casual restaurant chain specializing in sandwiches and salads. It has its headquarters in Downtown Dallas, Texas. As of 2022, it has 168 locations open in 27 U.S. states as well as the District of Columbia, along with international locations in Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom.

History
Founded by restaurateur Jeff Sinelli, CEO of Genghis Grill, in 2003, Which Wich began with one location in downtown Dallas. It began franchising in 2005.

Business

Which Wich is known for its ordering system, in which customers use red Sharpie markers to mark up pre-printed menus on sandwich bags. They select a sandwich from 10 categories, then choose the bread, cheese, spreads, and toppings. There are other extra options such as double meat, double cheese, bacon, and avocado. The menus have a wide variety of options which besides the aforementioned extras are all free.  The sandwiches are then prepared, and delivered in the personalized sandwich bags. Guests are encouraged to draw on their bags and hang their "artwork" on the community wall.

Which Wich sells customizable submarine sandwiches it calls "Wiches". There are ten categories and 60 topping options. Sandwiches come in regular (7-inch), large (10.5-inch), super (14-inch), spinach wraps, and lettucewiches sizes.

Growth
In 2007, the chain ranked as the fastest-growing restaurant chain concept with 50 operating stores or fewer, opening nine locations during a four-month period at the beginning of the year. In 2009, the chain ranked as the sixth-fastest-growing concept in the industry, according to restaurantchains.net.

In 2013, the chain opened locations in Mexico City, Panama City, and Dubai. In 2015, the chain opened three locations in Guatemala City. They have since closed.

In 2018, the chain opened its first location in the UK with a store in London.  At this time there was an expectation of opening ten additional stores throughout the UK by 2022, and growing to a total of 100 by 2028.

References

External links

Official Web Site

Restaurants in Dallas
Regional restaurant chains in the United States
Restaurants established in 2003
Fast casual restaurants
2003 establishments in Texas
KBRO

KBRO in Bremerton and KNTB in Lakewood, both Washington, are a pair of simulcasting radio stations serving the Puget Sound region. KBRO broadcasts at 1490 kHz with 1,000 watts full-time while KNTB broadcasts at 1480 kHz with 1,000 watts day and 111 watts night. Both stations are owned by Iglesia Pentecostal Víspera del Fin.

History
KBRO, which signed on the air in May 1947, was the one-time sister station of the current KRWM during its early years as Bremerton's dominant community station. KNTB  signed on the air as KQLA with an MOR and talk format in September 1978.

The two stations became simulcasts in 1998 as affiliates of the Triangle Radio Network, a service that targeted the LGBT community with a mix of music, talk, and specialty fare. Controversy, a lack of support from advertisers and signal coverage would force the stations to drop the network and, in the process, be sold to its current owners, in September 2000.  After short terms of broadcasting oldies, and then a Hispanic Christian format, it settled into its current programming in 2005.  Later, KLDY (in Lacey-Olympia, Washington) and K221FJ (an FM translator in Tacoma, Washington) were added to the network.

The stations then broadcast programming from ESPN Deportes Radio, alongside Spanish-language broadcasts of the Seattle Mariners and Seattle Seahawks.

On March 30, 2015, KBRO and KNTB went silent.

On May 22, 2015, KBRO returned to the air with a simulcast of Spanish contemporary Christian-formatted KLSY 93.7 FM.

On November 10, 2015, KNTB returned to the air, also simulcasting KLSY.

External links

FCC History Cards for KBRO

BRO
Radio stations established in 1947
1947 establishments in Washington (state)
BRO
BRO
Contemporary Christian radio stations in the United States
Air Traffic Control (band)

Air Traffic Control is a power pop/rock band from Nova Scotia's South Shore.

History
Brothers Kirk and Jordi Comstock made their first foray into music while in elementary school. By 1991, both were playing all-ages and bar shows in and around the Maritimes, under the name Madhat. In 1993, they released the independent EP Freak, produced and engineered by Len frontman Marc Costanzo and released on Halifax indie label No Records. This received the attention of local radio station CKBW, which would feature the trio prominently in local programming.

In 1995, they released their second EP Hardhitters. Full Length was released in 1998. This was Madhat's first full album and its success brought Madhat to a national audience. Madhat released two more albums, both of which included musician Simon Reinhardt: From the Outside in 2000 and To the World in 2002.

In 2005, Madhat added guitarist and keyboardist Phillip Clark to the band and changed their name to Air Traffic Control. On February 12, 2005, they released the album Air Traffic Control, and garnered a nomination for New Group of the Year at the Nova Scotia Music Week conference. The trio's opening track, "Feel Proud", was selected as the title song for the Electronic Arts game Rugby 2005 and was featured in the YTV series 15 Love.

In 2007, they released the album To Be Free. That was followed in the same year by S/T,  Can't Kill Love in 2009 and Tear the House Down in 2012.

In 2011, they received a Rock Recording of the Year nomination from the East Coast Music Association. The band's music has appeared on Much Music, Satellite Radio, the television shows Degrassi: The Next Generation, Golden Boy, The Mysteries of Laura, Kingdom, and radio stations across Canada and the United States.

Following the release of Tear the House Down, the band went on hiatus; Jordi Comstock spent several years playing and producing with other bands. On November 1, 2021, the band released the album No Horse Kids

Discography
1993 - Freak (as Madhat)
1995 - Hardhitters (as Madhat)
1998 - Full Length (as Madhat)
2000 - From the Outside (as Madhat)
2002 - To the World (as Madhat)
2005 - Air Traffic Control
2007 - To Be Free
2007 - S/T
2009 - Can't Kill Love
2012 - Tear the House Down
2021 - No Horse Kids

References

External links
Independent review
Independent review
ECMA Profile

Canadian power pop groups
Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia
Musical groups from Nova Scotia
Musical groups established in 1993
1993 establishments in Nova Scotia
The Sad Sack

The Sad Sack is a 1957 American comedy film based on the Harvey Comics character of the same title, created by George Baker. The film stars Jerry Lewis and Peter Lorre and was released by Paramount Pictures.

Plot
Private Meredith Bixby simply cannot fall in line with army procedure, even though he has had 17 months of training. A psychologist is assigned to turn him into a good soldier, so she enlists two fellow servicemen to help Bixby with his training. About the only thing that he can do right is remember things with his photographic memory.

Eventually they are assigned to a base in Morocco. One night they all head off to a bar where Bixby gets drunk on "Moroccan Delights", which he thinks are malteds. He gets involved with a femme fatale and is kidnapped by some Arabian renegades.

Abdul guards Bixby and makes him assemble a stolen cannon, knowing that Bixby had already memorized the assembly instructions back at the base. Bixby is eventually rescued by his fellow soldiers and they are all presented with medals of honor. However, when Bixby mishandles a rifle that suddenly goes off, he damages the drinking glasses of the General and two visiting French officers. The trio (who are drinking a toast) are not hurt, but misfit Bixby gets punished with KP duty, peeling potatoes.

Cast
 Jerry Lewis as Pvt. Bixby
 Phyllis Kirk as Maj. Shelton
 Peter Lorre as Abdul
 Liliane Montevecchi as Zita
 David Wayne as Corp. Dolan
 Joe Mantell as Pvt. Wenaslavsky
 Gene Evans as Sgt. Pulley
 Shepperd Strudwick as Maj. Vanderlip
 Mary Treen as Sgt. Hansen

Production
The film is based upon George Baker's comic book character. Hal B. Wallis purchased the film rights with the intention of the project starring the comedy team Martin and Lewis, but they split up before filming began. The Sad Sack was shot between March 18 and May 31, 1957 and released on November 27. It was re-released in 1962 as a double feature with another Jerry Lewis vehicle, The Delicate Delinquent, the first two films Lewis made without Dean Martin.

Reception
A Variety reviewer said that "the title, a hint of what the picture is about, and Jerry Lewis as star, communicate the message about this new Hal B. Wallis production. It's the old army game, done over. But it's fun. Not any imaginative explorations. Relying  on the type of zanyism with which Lewis is readily identified. Fun for those who go for it". Harold Whitehead of The Montreal Gazette said that "fans of his particular brand of comedy will undoubtedly have a fine time watching this film".

On the other hand, Bosley Crowther of The New York Times had this to say:

See also
 List of American films of 1957

References

External links 
 
 
 

1957 films
1957 comedy films
Films based on Harvey Comics
American comedy films
American black-and-white films
Films based on comic strips
Films based on American comics
Films directed by George Marshall
Films produced by Hal B. Wallis
Films scored by Walter Scharf
Military humor in film
Paramount Pictures films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films
English-language comedy films
Babe London

Babe London (born Jean Glover, August 28, 1901 – November 29, 1980) was an American actress and comedian, most remembered for her one-time partnership with Oliver Hardy in the 1931 Laurel and Hardy two-reeler Our Wife.

Career
London was born in 1901 in Des Moines, Iowa. Her parents were Dr. David James Glover and Ruth Glover. After the family moved to California, London attended San Diego High School.

London began her screen career as a teenager making her film debut in The Expert Eloper in 1919. She then appeared in A Day's Pleasure, performing opposite Charlie Chaplin. The two played seasick tourists on an excursion boat. She had the role of Rosy Leadbetter in Merely Mary Ann (1920).

London appeared in more than 50 silent films, including The Perfect Flapper, The Boob and the 1928 version of Tillie's Punctured Romance starring W. C. Fields. She worked with many of the funny men of the day, including Harry Langdon and Chester Conklin.

At the height of her career, London weighed 255 pounds. Later, a heart condition necessitated a loss of 100 pounds, and her movie offers declined along with her weight. She never regained her earlier success. Her last most notable role was that of the toothless nurse Nora that Shemp Howard has eyes for in the Three Stooges film Scrambled Brains. Her last film appearance was in 1960's Sex Kittens Go to College.

Later years

In the late 1950s, London began a second career as a painter and devoted the last 20 years of her life to depicting on canvas the early years of Hollywood. She titled the series The Vanishing Era.

Personal life and death
In 1975, London married Hollywood musical director Phil Boutelje. Both were retired and living at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California, when they met. They continued to live there until Boutelje died on July 29, 1979. London willed 75 of her paintings to the University of Wyoming's American Heritage Center, along with her personal belongings.

Selected filmography

References

External links
 

1901 births
1980 deaths
American film actresses
American silent film actresses
American television actresses
Actresses from Des Moines, Iowa
20th-century American actresses
San Diego High School alumni
Château de Landskron

The Château de Landskron (or Landskron Castle) is situated in the southern part of Alsace, in the east of France, mere footsteps away from Switzerland, in the commune of Leymen. The village situated at the north of the ruin, Leymen, in the département of Haut-Rhin, lies in France while Flüh, at the south east foot of the ruin, is in Switzerland.

The castle was built before 1297. It had a very important strategic position in that it allowed the control of the Eastern Sundgau, the elbow of the Rhine and the city of Basel. Several disputes concerning the ownership have been reported. Like the Château de Ferrette and Château de Morimont, the Château de Landskron was owned by Habsburg for a time. In 1462, the castle was given to the Lord of the Bailiwick of Lupfen, Sébastien de Reichenstein, who later enlarged and transformed the castle to adapt it to firearms in 1516. In 1648, by the Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War, the lands and lordships of the Habsburgs in Alsace, including the Château de Landskron, passed into the hands of the King of France. After 1665, Vauban was responsible for rebuilding the castle into a military garrison, while many other Alsatian castles were abandoned and gradually destroyed. In the 1690s, it was used as a state prison. The few prisoners who were imprisoned there until the French Revolution were predominantly political prisoners and the mentally ill. Bernard Duvergez, a courtier at the French court, was held there from 1769 until 1790 when he was discovered by revolutionaries looking for political prisoners. He died while waiting for them to find him a better place. He is the subject of a local novel, The Prisoner of Landskron

The castle survived the Revolution, whereas the houses of the wealthy in Leyman were burned. The castle was destroyed in 1813 by the Austrian and the Bavarian armies fighting Napoléon Bonaparte.

After that time it was a ruin. In the 1970s, the former owners installed a colony of monkeys into the ruins. Since 1984, the castle has belonged to the Association pour la Sauvegarde du Château de Landskron (Association for the Protection of Landskron Castle) and was partly restored in 1996. Further restoration work is planned.

One of the main characteristics of the castle is its big rectangular tower or keep.

The Château de Landskron has been classed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1923.

See also
List of castles in France

References

External links

 Binational Association for the Protection of the Château de Landskron 
 

Ruined castles in Haut-Rhin
Monuments historiques of Haut-Rhin
Mile Square Regional Park

Mile Square Regional Park is an urban park in Fountain Valley, California, United States. It includes two lakes, three 18-hole golf courses, an archery range, baseball and softball fields, picnic shelters, a  urban nature area planted with California native plants, a  recreation center with tennis courts, basketball courts, racquetball courts, a gymnasium, the Kingston Boys & Girls Club, and a community center. This regional park was built on a naval landing field soon after the city was incorporated. James Kanno, one of America's first Japanese American mayors, led the effort to create the park.

The park derives its name from the near-perfect square of land that it occupies, bounded by Edinger and Warner Avenues on the north and south sides, and Brookhurst and Euclid Streets on the west and east sides, respectively. Each side measures , for a total area of .

Background
In 1942, the Navy purchased  of agricultural land for Mile Square Naval Outer Landing Field, which used as an auxiliary for Naval Air Station, Los Alamitos. Three landing fields were constructed in a triangular shape in the center of this area, with each field being approximately  in length. It was used for carrier deck qualification practice by Navy aircraft. In March 1967, Orange County entered into a long-term lease with the Navy Department for the perimeter area of the site which allowed the county to develop this area for regional park purposes. Military operations in the center airfield ceased in 1974. It is now operated by OC Parks. 

The park was built in several phases:
Phase I was opened with  of land in 1970
Phase II added the baseball diamond and a children's play area in 1973
Phase III extended the park northward to Edinger Avenue in 1976
Phase IV development commenced in the spring of 1987 and included the construction of an executive golf course.

Del Taco, a fast food chain based in Orange County, filmed a commercial on the south end of the park in early 2007, celebrating its 76th anniversary.

See also
Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields

References

External links
OCParks.com: Mile Square Regional Park
Mile Square Golf Course
Mile Square Park Fountain Valley  of fun

Regional parks in California
Parks in Orange County, California