alexjercan/bugnet huggingface dataset:
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

Today, Snuke will eat B pieces of black chocolate and W pieces of white chocolate for an afternoon snack.

He will repeat the following procedure until there is no piece left:

Choose black or white with equal probability, and eat a piece of that color if it exists.

For each integer i from 1 to B+W (inclusive), find the probability that the color of the i-th piece to be eaten is black.
It can be shown that these probabilities are rational, and we ask you to print them modulo 10^9 + 7, as described in Notes.

Notes

When you print a rational number, first write it as a fraction \frac{y}{x}, where x, y are integers and x is not divisible by 10^9 + 7
(under the constraints of the problem, such representation is always possible).
Then, you need to print the only integer z between 0 and 10^9 + 6, inclusive, that satisfies xz \equiv y \pmod{10^9 + 7}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq B,W \leq 10^{5}

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

B W

Output

Print the answers in B+W lines. In the i-th line, print the probability that the color of the i-th piece to be eaten is black, modulo 10^{9}+7.

Sample Input 1

2 1

Sample Output 1

500000004
750000006
750000006

There are three possible orders in which Snuke eats the pieces:

white, black, black

black, white, black

black, black, white

with probabilities \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{4}, \frac{1}{4}, respectively. Thus, the probabilities of eating a black piece first, second and third are \frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{4} and \frac{3}{4}, respectively.

Sample Input 2

3 2

Sample Output 2

500000004
500000004
625000005
187500002
187500002

They are \frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{5}{8},\frac{11}{16} and \frac{11}{16}, respectively.

Sample Input 3

6 9

Sample Output 3

500000004
500000004
500000004
500000004
500000004
500000004
929687507
218750002
224609377
303710940
633300786
694091802
172485353
411682132
411682132
Score : 1200 points

Problem Statement

In Takaha-shi, the capital of Republic of AtCoder, there are N roads extending east and west, and M roads extending north and south. There are no other roads.
The i-th east-west road from the north and the j-th north-south road from the west cross at the intersection (i, j).
Two east-west roads do not cross, nor do two north-south roads.
The distance between two adjacent roads in the same direction is 1.

Each road is one-way; one can only walk in one direction. The permitted direction for each road is described by a string S of length N and a string T of length M, as follows:

If the i-th character in S is W, one can only walk westward along the i-th east-west road from the north;

If the i-th character in S is E, one can only walk eastward along the i-th east-west road from the north;

If the i-th character in T is N, one can only walk northward along the i-th north-south road from the west;

If the i-th character in T is S, one can only walk southward along the i-th south-west road from the west.

Process the following Q queries:

In the i-th query, a_i, b_i, c_i and d_i are given. What is the minimum distance to travel to reach the intersection (c_i, d_i) from the intersection (a_i, b_i) by walking along the roads?

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 100000

2 \leq M \leq 100000

2 \leq Q \leq 200000

|S| = N

S consists of W and E.

|T| = M

T consists of N and S.

1 \leq a_i \leq N

1 \leq b_i \leq M

1 \leq c_i \leq N

1 \leq d_i \leq M

(a_i, b_i) \neq (c_i, d_i)

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M Q
S
T
a_1 b_1 c_1 d_1
a_2 b_2 c_2 d_2
:
a_Q b_Q c_Q d_Q

Output

In the i-th line, print the response to the i-th query. If the intersection (c_i, d_i) cannot be reached from the intersection (a_i, b_i) by walking along the roads, print -1 instead.

Sample Input 1

4 5 4
EEWW
NSNNS
4 1 1 4
1 3 1 2
4 2 3 2
3 3 3 5

Sample Output 1

6
11
5
4

The permitted direction for each road is shown in the following figure (north upward):

For each of the four queries, a route that achieves the minimum travel distance is as follows:

Sample Input 2

3 3 2
EEE
SSS
1 1 3 3
3 3 1 1

Sample Output 2

4
-1

The travel may be impossible.

Sample Input 3

9 7 10
EEEEEWEWW
NSSSNSN
4 6 9 2
3 7 6 7
7 5 3 5
1 1 8 1
4 3 5 4
7 4 6 4
2 5 8 6
6 6 2 7
2 4 7 5
7 2 9 7

Sample Output 3

9
-1
4
9
2
3
7
7
6
-1
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

On the Planet AtCoder, there are four types of bases: A, C, G and T. A bonds with T, and C bonds with G.

You are given a letter b as input, which is A, C, G or T. Write a program that prints the letter representing the base that bonds with the base b.

Constraints

b is one of the letters A, C, G and T.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

b

Output

Print the letter representing the base that bonds with the base b.

Sample Input 1

A

Sample Output 1

T

Sample Input 2

G

Sample Output 2

C
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S consisting of uppercase English letters. Find the length of the longest ACGT string that is a substring (see Notes) of S.

Here, a ACGT string is a string that contains no characters other than A, C, G and T.

Notes

A substring of a string T is a string obtained by removing zero or more characters from the beginning and the end of T.

For example, the substrings of ATCODER include TCO, AT, CODER, ATCODER and (the empty string), but not AC.

Constraints

S is a string of length between 1 and 10 (inclusive).

Each character in S is an uppercase English letter.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

Output

Print the length of the longest ACGT string that is a substring of S.

Sample Input 1

ATCODER

Sample Output 1

3

Among the ACGT strings that are substrings of ATCODER, the longest one is ATC.

Sample Input 2

HATAGAYA

Sample Output 2

5

Among the ACGT strings that are substrings of HATAGAYA, the longest one is ATAGA.

Sample Input 3

SHINJUKU

Sample Output 3

0

Among the ACGT strings that are substrings of SHINJUKU, the longest one is (the empty string).
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N consisting of A, C, G and T. Answer the following Q queries:

Query i (1 \leq i \leq Q): You will be given integers l_i and r_i (1 \leq l_i < r_i \leq N). Consider the substring of S starting at index l_i and ending at index r_i (both inclusive). In this string, how many times does AC occurs as a substring?

Notes

A substring of a string T is a string obtained by removing zero or more characters from the beginning and the end of T.

For example, the substrings of ATCODER include TCO, AT, CODER, ATCODER and (the empty string), but not AC.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq Q \leq 10^5

S is a string of length N.

Each character in S is A, C, G or T.

1 \leq l_i < r_i \leq N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N Q
S
l_1 r_1
:
l_Q r_Q

Output

Print Q lines. The i-th line should contain the answer to the i-th query.

Sample Input 1

8 3
ACACTACG
3 7
2 3
1 8

Sample Output 1

2
0
3

Query 1: the substring of S starting at index 3 and ending at index 7 is ACTAC. In this string, AC occurs twice as a substring.

Query 2: the substring of S starting at index 2 and ending at index 3 is CA. In this string, AC occurs zero times as a substring.

Query 3: the substring of S starting at index 1 and ending at index 8 is ACACTACG. In this string, AC occurs three times as a substring.
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer N. Find the number of strings of length N that satisfy the following conditions, modulo 10^9+7:

The string does not contain characters other than A, C, G and T.

The string does not contain AGC as a substring.

The condition above cannot be violated by swapping two adjacent characters once.

Notes

A substring of a string T is a string obtained by removing zero or more characters from the beginning and the end of T.

For example, the substrings of ATCODER include TCO, AT, CODER, ATCODER and (the empty string), but not AC.

Constraints

3 \leq N \leq 100

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of strings of length N that satisfy the following conditions, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

3

Sample Output 1

61

There are 4^3 = 64 strings of length 3 that do not contain characters other than A, C, G and T. Among them, only AGC, ACG and GAC violate the condition, so the answer is 64 - 3 = 61.

Sample Input 2

4

Sample Output 2

230

Sample Input 3

100

Sample Output 3

388130742

Be sure to print the number of strings modulo 10^9+7.
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

Snuke has an empty sequence a.

He will perform N operations on this sequence.

In the i-th operation, he chooses an integer j satisfying 1 \leq j \leq i, and insert j at position j in a (the beginning is position 1).

You are given a sequence b of length N. Determine if it is possible that a is equal to b after N operations. If it is, show one possible sequence of operations that achieves it.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 100

1 \leq b_i \leq N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
b_1 \dots b_N

Output

If there is no sequence of N operations after which a would be equal to b, print -1.
If there is, print N lines. In the i-th line, the integer chosen in the i-th operation should be printed. If there are multiple solutions, any of them is accepted.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2 1

Sample Output 1

1
1
2

In this sequence of operations, the sequence a changes as follows:

After the first operation: (1)

After the second operation: (1,1)

After the third operation: (1,2,1)

Sample Input 2

2
2 2

Sample Output 2

-1

2 cannot be inserted at the beginning of the sequence, so this is impossible.

Sample Input 3

9
1 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 2

Sample Output 3

1
2
2
3
1
2
2
1
1
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer N.
Build an undirected graph with N vertices with indices 1 to N that satisfies the following two conditions:

The graph is simple and connected.

There exists an integer S such that, for every vertex, the sum of the indices of the vertices adjacent to that vertex is S.

It can be proved that at least one such graph exists under the constraints of this problem.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq N \leq 100

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

In the first line, print the number of edges, M, in the graph you made. In the i-th of the following M lines, print two integers a_i and b_i, representing the endpoints of the i-th edge.

The output will be judged correct if the graph satisfies the conditions.

Sample Input 1

3

Sample Output 1

2
1 3
2 3

For every vertex, the sum of the indices of the vertices adjacent to that vertex is 3.
Score : 800 points

Problem Statement

You are given a simple connected undirected graph consisting of N vertices and M edges.
The vertices are numbered 1 to N, and the edges are numbered 1 to M.

Edge i connects Vertex a_i and b_i bidirectionally.

Determine if three circuits (see Notes) can be formed using each of the edges exactly once.

Notes

A circuit is a cycle allowing repetitions of vertices but not edges.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N,M \leq 10^{5}

1 \leq a_i, b_i \leq N

The given graph is simple and connected.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M
a_1 b_1
:
a_M b_M

Output

If three circuits can be formed using each of the edges exactly once, print Yes; if they cannot, print No.

Sample Input 1

7 9
1 2
1 3
2 3
1 4
1 5
4 5
1 6
1 7
6 7

Sample Output 1

Yes

Three circuits can be formed using each of the edges exactly once, as follows:

Sample Input 2

3 3
1 2
2 3
3 1

Sample Output 2

No

Three circuits are needed.

Sample Input 3

18 27
17 7
12 15
18 17
13 18
13 6
5 7
7 1
14 5
15 11
7 6
1 9
5 4
18 16
4 6
7 2
7 11
6 3
12 14
5 2
10 5
7 8
10 15
3 15
9 8
7 15
5 16
18 15

Sample Output 3

Yes
Score : 1000 points

Problem Statement

You are given a permutation p = (p_1, \ldots, p_N) of \{ 1, \ldots, N \}.
You can perform the following two kinds of operations repeatedly in any order:

Pay a cost A. Choose integers l and r (1 \leq l < r \leq N), and shift (p_l, \ldots, p_r) to the left by one. That is, replace p_l, p_{l + 1}, \ldots, p_{r - 1}, p_r with p_{l + 1}, p_{l + 2}, \ldots, p_r, p_l, respectively.

Pay a cost B. Choose integers l and r (1 \leq l < r \leq N), and shift (p_l, \ldots, p_r) to the right by one. That is, replace p_l, p_{l + 1}, \ldots, p_{r - 1}, p_r with p_r, p_l, \ldots, p_{r - 2}, p_{r - 1}, respectively.

Find the minimum total cost required to sort p in ascending order.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 5000

1 \leq A, B \leq 10^9

(p_1 \ldots, p_N) is a permutation of \{ 1, \ldots, N \}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N A B
p_1 \cdots p_N

Output

Print the minimum total cost required to sort p in ascending order.

Sample Input 1

3 20 30
3 1 2

Sample Output 1

20

Shifting (p_1, p_2, p_3) to the left by one results in p = (1, 2, 3).

Sample Input 2

4 20 30
4 2 3 1

Sample Output 2

50

One possible sequence of operations is as follows:

Shift (p_1, p_2, p_3, p_4) to the left by one. Now we have p = (2, 3, 1, 4).

Shift (p_1, p_2, p_3) to the right by one. Now we have p = (1, 2, 3, 4).

Here, the total cost is 20 + 30 = 50.

Sample Input 3

1 10 10
1

Sample Output 3

0

Sample Input 4

4 1000000000 1000000000
4 3 2 1

Sample Output 4

3000000000

Sample Input 5

9 40 50
5 3 4 7 6 1 2 9 8

Sample Output 5

220
Score : 1200 points

Problem Statement

Let M be a positive integer.

You are given 2 N integers a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{2 N}, where 0 \leq a_i < M for each i.

Consider dividing the 2 N integers into N pairs.
Here, each integer must belong to exactly one pair.

We define the ugliness of a pair (x, y) as (x + y) \mod M.
Let Z be the largest ugliness of the N pairs. Find the minimum possible value of Z.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq M \leq 10^9

0 \leq a_i < M

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M
a_1 a_2 \cdots a_{2N}

Output

Print the minimum possible value of Z, where Z is the largest ugliness of the N pairs.

Sample Input 1

3 10
0 2 3 4 5 9

Sample Output 1

5

One solution is to form pairs (0, 5), (2, 3) and (4, 9), with ugliness 5, 5 and 3, respectively.

Sample Input 2

2 10
1 9 1 9

Sample Output 2

0

Pairs (1, 9) and (1, 9) should be formed, with ugliness both 0.
Score : 1800 points

Problem Statement

We have a round pizza. Snuke wants to eat one third of it, or something as close as possible to that.

He decides to cut this pizza as follows.

First, he divides the pizza into N pieces by making N cuts with a knife. The knife can make a cut along the segment connecting the center of the pizza and some point on the circumference of the pizza. However, he is very poor at handling knives, so the cuts are made at uniformly random angles, independent from each other.

Then, he chooses one or more consecutive pieces so that the total is as close as possible to one third of the pizza, and eat them. (Let the total be x of the pizza. He chooses consecutive pieces so that |x - 1/3| is minimized.)

Find the expected value of |x - 1/3|. It can be shown that this value is rational, and we ask you to print it modulo 10^9 + 7, as described in Notes.

Notes

When you print a rational number, first write it as a fraction \frac{y}{x}, where x, y are integers and x is not divisible by 10^9 + 7
(under the constraints of the problem, such representation is always possible).
Then, you need to print the only integer z between 0 and 10^9 + 6, inclusive, that satisfies xz \equiv y \pmod{10^9 + 7}.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 10^6

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the expected value of |x - 1/3| modulo 10^9 + 7, as described in Notes.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

138888890

The expected value is \frac{5}{36}.

Sample Input 2

3

Sample Output 2

179012347

The expected value is \frac{11}{162}.

Sample Input 3

10

Sample Output 3

954859137

Sample Input 4

1000000

Sample Output 4

44679646
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N.
Among its subsequences, count the ones such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7. Two subsequences are considered different if their characters come from different positions in the string, even if they are the same as strings.

Here, a subsequence of a string is a concatenation of one or more characters from the string without changing the order.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 100000

S consists of lowercase English letters.

|S|=N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the number of the subsequences such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

4
abcd

Sample Output 1

15

Since all characters in S itself are different, all its subsequences satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

3
baa

Sample Output 2

5

The answer is five: b, two occurrences of a, two occurrences of ba. Note that we do not count baa, since it contains two as.

Sample Input 3

5
abcab

Sample Output 3

17
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. The i-th stone from the left is painted in the color C_i.

Snuke will perform the following operation zero or more times:

Choose two stones painted in the same color. Repaint all the stones between them, with the color of the chosen stones.

Find the number of possible final sequences of colors of the stones, modulo 10^9+7.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

1 \leq C_i \leq 2\times 10^5(1\leq i\leq N)

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
C_1
:
C_N

Output

Print the number of possible final sequences of colors of the stones, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

5
1
2
1
2
2

Sample Output 1

3

We can make three sequences of colors of stones, as follows:

(1,2,1,2,2), by doing nothing.

(1,1,1,2,2), by choosing the first and third stones to perform the operation.

(1,2,2,2,2), by choosing the second and fourth stones to perform the operation.

Sample Input 2

6
4
2
5
4
2
4

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1
3
1
2
3
3
2

Sample Output 3

5
Score : 800 points

Problem Statement

You are given integers N,\ A and B.
Determine if there exists a permutation (P_0,\ P_1,\ ...\ P_{2^N-1}) of (0,\ 1,\ ...\ 2^N-1) that satisfies all of the following conditions, and create one such permutation if it exists.

P_0=A

P_{2^N-1}=B

For all 0 \leq i < 2^N-1, the binary representations of P_i and P_{i+1} differ by exactly one bit.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 17

0 \leq A \leq 2^N-1

0 \leq B \leq 2^N-1

A \neq B

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N A B

Output

If there is no permutation that satisfies the conditions, print NO.

If there is such a permutation, print YES in the first line.
Then, print (P_0,\ P_1,\ ...\ P_{2^N-1}) in the second line, with spaces in between.
If there are multiple solutions, any of them is accepted.

Sample Input 1

2 1 3

Sample Output 1

YES
1 0 2 3

The binary representation of P=(1,0,2,3) is (01,00,10,11), where any two adjacent elements differ by exactly one bit.

Sample Input 2

3 2 1

Sample Output 2

NO
Score : 1000 points

Problem Statement

For two permutations p and q of the integers from 1 through N, let f(p,q) be the permutation that satisfies the following:

The p_i-th element (1 \leq i \leq N) in f(p,q) is q_i.
Here, p_i and q_i respectively denote the i-th element in p and q.

You are given two permutations p and q of the integers from 1 through N.
We will now define a sequence {a_n} of permutations of the integers from 1 through N, as follows:

a_1=p, a_2=q

a_{n+2}=f(a_n,a_{n+1}) ( n \geq 1 )

Given a positive integer K, find a_K.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq K \leq 10^9

p and q are permutations of the integers from 1 through N.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
p_1 ... p_N
q_1 ... q_N

Output

Print N integers, with spaces in between.
The i-th integer (1 \leq i \leq N) should be the i-th element in a_K.

Sample Input 1

3 3
1 2 3
3 2 1

Sample Output 1

3 2 1

Since a_3=f(p,q), we just need to find f(p,q).
We have p_i=i here, so f(p,q)=q.

Sample Input 2

5 5
4 5 1 2 3
3 2 1 5 4

Sample Output 2

4 3 2 1 5

Sample Input 3

10 1000000000
7 10 6 5 4 2 9 1 3 8
4 1 9 2 3 7 8 10 6 5

Sample Output 3

7 9 4 8 2 5 1 6 10 3
Score : 1300 points

Problem Statement

A museum exhibits N jewels, Jewel 1, 2, ..., N.
The coordinates of Jewel i are (x_i, y_i) (the museum can be regarded as a two-dimensional plane), and the value of that jewel is v_i.

Snuke the thief will steal some of these jewels.

There are M conditions, Condition 1, 2, ..., M, that must be met when stealing jewels, or he will be caught by the detective.
Each condition has one of the following four forms:

(t_i =L, a_i, b_i) : Snuke can only steal at most b_i jewels whose x coordinates are a_i or smaller.

(t_i =R, a_i, b_i) : Snuke can only steal at most b_i jewels whose x coordinates are a_i or larger.

(t_i =D, a_i, b_i) : Snuke can only steal at most b_i jewels whose y coordinates are a_i or smaller.

(t_i =U, a_i, b_i) : Snuke can only steal at most b_i jewels whose y coordinates are a_i or larger.

Find the maximum sum of values of jewels that Snuke the thief can steal.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 80

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq 100

1 \leq v_i \leq 10^{15}

1 \leq M \leq 320

t_i is L, R, U or D.

1 \leq a_i \leq 100

0 \leq b_i \leq N - 1

(x_i, y_i) are pairwise distinct.

(t_i, a_i) are pairwise distinct.

(t_i, b_i) are pairwise distinct.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1 v_1
x_2 y_2 v_2
:
x_N y_N v_N
M
t_1 a_1 b_1
t_2 a_2 b_2
:
t_M a_M b_M

Output

Print the maximum sum of values of jewels that Snuke the thief can steal.

Sample Input 1

7
1 3 6
1 5 9
3 1 8
4 3 8
6 2 9
5 4 11
5 7 10
4
L 3 1
R 2 3
D 5 3
U 4 2

Sample Output 1

36

Stealing Jewel 1, 5, 6 and 7 results in the total value of 36.

Sample Input 2

3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
1
L 100 0

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

4
1 1 10
1 2 11
2 1 12
2 2 13
3
L 8 3
L 9 2
L 10 1

Sample Output 3

13

Sample Input 4

10
66 47 71040136000
65 77 74799603000
80 53 91192869000
24 34 24931901000
91 78 49867703000
68 71 46108236000
46 73 74799603000
56 63 93122668000
32 51 71030136000
51 26 70912345000
21
L 51 1
L 7 0
U 47 4
R 92 0
R 91 1
D 53 2
R 65 3
D 13 0
U 63 3
L 68 3
D 47 1
L 91 5
R 32 4
L 66 2
L 80 4
D 77 4
U 73 1
D 78 5
U 26 5
R 80 2
R 24 5

Sample Output 4

305223377000