Problem p02357 (C++) — buggy submission, verdict: Time Limit Exceeded

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long int
#define MOD(x) ((x % MOD_N) + MOD_N) % MOD_N
#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i < (b); ++i)
#define FORE(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i <= (b); ++i)
#define RFOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (b)-1; i >= (a); --i)
#define RFORE(i, a, b) for (int i = (b); i >= (a); --i)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define RREP(i, n) RFOR(i, 0, n)
#define ALL(c) (c).begin(), (c).end()
#define RALL(c) (c).rbegin(), (c).rend()
#define SORT(c) sort(ALL(c))
#define RSORT(c) sort(RALL(c))
#define SZ(c) (int)((c).size())
#define EACH(i, v) for (auto i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); ++i)
#define REACH(i, v) for (auto i = v.rbegin(); i != v.rend(); ++i)
#define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define COUNT(c, x) (lower_bound(ALL(c), x) - upper_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define UNIQUE(c)                                                              \\
  SORT(c);                                                                     \\
  (c).erase(unique(ALL(c)), (c).end());
#define COPY(c1, c2) copy(ALL(c1), (c2).begin())
#define EXIST(s, e) (bool)((s).find(e) != (s).end())
#define PB push_back
#define MP make_pair
#define DUMP(x) cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define NL cerr << endl;
using namespace std;
template <typename T, typename U> using P = pair<T, U>;
template <typename T> using V = vector<T>;
template <typename T> bool chmax(T &a, T b) {
  if (a < b) {
    a = b;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
template <typename T> bool chmin(T &a, T b) {
  if (a > b) {
    a = b;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
template <typename T> T sum(vector<T> &v) { return accumulate(ALL(v), T()); }
template <typename T> T sum(vector<T> &v, int a, int b) {
  return accumulate(v.begin() + a, v.begin() + b, T());
}
template <typename T> T max(vector<T> &v) { return *max_element(ALL(v)); }
template <typename T> T min(vector<T> &v) { return *max_element(ALL(v)); }
template <typename T> T max_index(vector<T> &v) {
  return distance((v).begin(), max_element(ALL(v)));
}
template <typename T> T min_index(vector<T> &v) {
  return distance((v).begin(), min_element(ALL(v)));
}

struct edge {
  int to, cost;
};

template <typename T> auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const vector<T> &v) {
  s << "[";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : v) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "]";
  return s;
}
template <typename T, typename U>
auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const pair<T, U> &p) {
  s << "(" << p.first << "," << p.second << ")";
  return s;
}
template <typename T> auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const set<T> &st) {
  s << "{";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : st) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "}";
  return s;
}
template <typename T, typename U>
auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const map<T, U> &m) {
  s << "{";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : m) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e.first << ":" << e.second;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "}";
  return s;
}

const int INF = 1e18;
const int MOD_N = 1e9 + 7;

signed main() {
  int N, L;
  cin >> N >> L;
  V<int> a(N);
  REP(i, N) { cin >> a[i]; }

  deque<P<int, int>> deq;
  REP(i, L) {
    while (!deq.empty() && deq.back().second > a[i]) {
      deq.pop_back();
    }
    deq.push_back(MP(i, a[i]));
  }
  FOR(i, L - 1, N) {
    if (i != L - 1) {
      while (!deq.empty() && deq.back().second > a[i]) {
        deq.pop_back();
      }
      deq.push_back(MP(i, a[i]));

      if (deq.front().first == i - L) {
        deq.pop_front();
      }
    }
    cout << deq.front().second;
    if (i != N - 1) {
      cout << " ";
    } else {
      cout << endl;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}


Error: TLE

Fixed submission:

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long int
#define MOD(x) ((x % MOD_N) + MOD_N) % MOD_N
#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i < (b); ++i)
#define FORE(i, a, b) for (int i = (a); i <= (b); ++i)
#define RFOR(i, a, b) for (int i = (b)-1; i >= (a); --i)
#define RFORE(i, a, b) for (int i = (b); i >= (a); --i)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define RREP(i, n) RFOR(i, 0, n)
#define ALL(c) (c).begin(), (c).end()
#define RALL(c) (c).rbegin(), (c).rend()
#define SORT(c) sort(ALL(c))
#define RSORT(c) sort(RALL(c))
#define SZ(c) (int)((c).size())
#define EACH(i, v) for (auto i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); ++i)
#define REACH(i, v) for (auto i = v.rbegin(); i != v.rend(); ++i)
#define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define COUNT(c, x) (lower_bound(ALL(c), x) - upper_bound(ALL(c), x))
#define UNIQUE(c)                                                              \\
  SORT(c);                                                                     \\
  (c).erase(unique(ALL(c)), (c).end());
#define COPY(c1, c2) copy(ALL(c1), (c2).begin())
#define EXIST(s, e) (bool)((s).find(e) != (s).end())
#define PB push_back
#define MP make_pair
#define DUMP(x) cerr << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define NL cerr << endl;
using namespace std;
template <typename T, typename U> using P = pair<T, U>;
template <typename T> using V = vector<T>;
template <typename T> bool chmax(T &a, T b) {
  if (a < b) {
    a = b;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
template <typename T> bool chmin(T &a, T b) {
  if (a > b) {
    a = b;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}
template <typename T> T sum(vector<T> &v) { return accumulate(ALL(v), T()); }
template <typename T> T sum(vector<T> &v, int a, int b) {
  return accumulate(v.begin() + a, v.begin() + b, T());
}
template <typename T> T max(vector<T> &v) { return *max_element(ALL(v)); }
template <typename T> T min(vector<T> &v) { return *max_element(ALL(v)); }
template <typename T> T max_index(vector<T> &v) {
  return distance((v).begin(), max_element(ALL(v)));
}
template <typename T> T min_index(vector<T> &v) {
  return distance((v).begin(), min_element(ALL(v)));
}

struct edge {
  int to, cost;
};

template <typename T> auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const vector<T> &v) {
  s << "[";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : v) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "]";
  return s;
}
template <typename T, typename U>
auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const pair<T, U> &p) {
  s << "(" << p.first << "," << p.second << ")";
  return s;
}
template <typename T> auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const set<T> &st) {
  s << "{";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : st) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "}";
  return s;
}
template <typename T, typename U>
auto &operator<<(ostream &s, const map<T, U> &m) {
  s << "{";
  bool a = 1;
  for (auto e : m) {
    s << (a ? "" : " ") << e.first << ":" << e.second;
    a = 0;
  }
  s << "}";
  return s;
}

const int INF = 1e18;
const int MOD_N = 1e9 + 7;

signed main() {
  int N, L;
  cin >> N >> L;
  V<int> a(N);
  REP(i, N) { cin >> a[i]; }

  map<int, int> cnt;
  set<int> st;
  REP(i, L) {
    if (cnt[a[i]]++ == 0) {
      st.insert(a[i]);
    }
  }
  FOR(i, L - 1, N) {
    if (i != L - 1) {
      if (cnt[a[i]]++ == 0) {
        st.insert(a[i]);
      }
      if (--cnt[a[i - L]] == 0) {
        st.erase(a[i - L]);
      }
    }
    cout << *(st.begin());
    if (i != N - 1) {
      cout << " ";
    } else {
      cout << endl;
    }
  }

  return 0;
}