Problem p02728 (C++) — buggy submission, verdict: Time Limit Exceeded

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<ll, ll> P;
#define DUMP(x) cout << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define FOR(i, m, n) for (ll i = m; i < n; i++)
#define IFOR(i, m, n) for (ll i = n - 1; i >= m; i--)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define IREP(i, n) IFOR(i, 0, n)
#define FOREACH(x, a) for (auto &(x) : (a))
#define ALL(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define SZ(x) ll(x.size())

template <int MOD> struct Fp {
  long long val;
  constexpr Fp(long long v = 0) noexcept : val(v % MOD) {
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
  }
  constexpr int getmod() { return MOD; }
  constexpr Fp operator-() const noexcept { return val ? MOD - val : 0; }
  constexpr Fp operator+(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) += r; }
  constexpr Fp operator-(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) -= r; }
  constexpr Fp operator*(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) *= r; }
  constexpr Fp operator/(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) /= r; }
  constexpr Fp &operator+=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val += r.val;
    if (val >= MOD)
      val -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator-=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val -= r.val;
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator*=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val = val * r.val % MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator/=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    long long a = r.val, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0;
    while (b) {
      long long t = a / b;
      a -= t * b;
      swap(a, b);
      u -= t * v;
      swap(u, v);
    }
    val = val * u % MOD;
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr bool operator==(const Fp &r) const noexcept {
    return this->val == r.val;
  }
  constexpr bool operator!=(const Fp &r) const noexcept {
    return this->val != r.val;
  }
  friend constexpr ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Fp<MOD> &x) noexcept {
    return os << x.val;
  }
  friend constexpr Fp<MOD> modpow(const Fp<MOD> &a, long long n) noexcept {
    if (n == 0)
      return 1;
    auto t = modpow(a, n / 2);
    t = t * t;
    if (n & 1)
      t = t * a;
    return t;
  }
};

// 二項係数ライブラリ
template <class T> struct BiCoef {
  vector<T> fact_, inv_, finv_;
  constexpr BiCoef() {}
  constexpr BiCoef(int n) noexcept : fact_(n, 1), inv_(n, 1), finv_(n, 1) {
    init(n);
  }
  constexpr void init(int n) noexcept {
    fact_.assign(n, 1), inv_.assign(n, 1), finv_.assign(n, 1);
    int MOD = fact_[0].getmod();
    for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
      fact_[i] = fact_[i - 1] * i;
      inv_[i] = -inv_[MOD % i] * (MOD / i);
      finv_[i] = finv_[i - 1] * inv_[i];
    }
  }
  constexpr T com(int n, int k) const noexcept {
    if (n < k || n < 0 || k < 0)
      return 0;
    return fact_[n] * finv_[k] * finv_[n - k];
  }
  constexpr T fact(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return fact_[n];
  }
  constexpr T inv(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return inv_[n];
  }
  constexpr T finv(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return finv_[n];
  }
};

const int MOD = 1000000007;
using mint = Fp<MOD>;
BiCoef<mint> bc;

// 二項係数Library使用時はmain内で初期化を忘れないこと
// int main(){
//  bc.init(2100000);
// }

struct DP {
  mint dp; // 求める場合の数
  int t;   // 部分木のサイズ
  DP(mint dp = 1, int t = 0) : dp(dp), t(t) {}
  DP &operator+=(const DP &a) {
    dp *= a.dp;
    t += a.t;
    dp *= bc.com(t, a.t);
    return *this;
  }

  DP operator-(const DP &a) const {
    DP res(*this);
    res.dp /= bc.com(res.t, a.t);
    res.t -= a.t;
    res.dp /= a.dp;
    return res;
  }
  DP addRoot() {
    DP res(*this);
    res.t++;
    return res;
  }
};

const int MAX_N = 114514 * 2;
vector<int> to[MAX_N];
DP dp[MAX_N];

void dfs(int cv, int p = -1) {
  for (int nv : to[cv]) {
    if (nv == p) {
      continue;
    }
    dfs(nv, cv);
    dp[cv] += dp[nv].addRoot();
  }
}

void bfs(int cv, int p = -1) {
  for (int nv : to[cv]) {
    if (nv == p) {
      continue;
    }
    DP d = dp[cv] - dp[nv].addRoot(); // parent -> child
    dp[nv] += d.addRoot();
    bfs(nv, cv);
  }
}

int main() {
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  REP(i, n - 1) {
    int a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    a--, b--;
    to[a].push_back(b);
    to[b].push_back(a);
  }
  bc.init(MAX_N);
  dfs(0);
  bfs(0);
  REP(i, n) { cout << dp[i].addRoot().dp << endl; }
}

Error: TLE

Fixed submission:

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<ll, ll> P;
#define DUMP(x) cout << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;
#define FOR(i, m, n) for (ll i = m; i < n; i++)
#define IFOR(i, m, n) for (ll i = n - 1; i >= m; i--)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i, 0, n)
#define IREP(i, n) IFOR(i, 0, n)
#define FOREACH(x, a) for (auto &(x) : (a))
#define ALL(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
#define SZ(x) ll(x.size())

template <int MOD> struct Fp {
  long long val;
  constexpr Fp(long long v = 0) noexcept : val(v % MOD) {
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
  }
  constexpr int getmod() { return MOD; }
  constexpr Fp operator-() const noexcept { return val ? MOD - val : 0; }
  constexpr Fp operator+(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) += r; }
  constexpr Fp operator-(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) -= r; }
  constexpr Fp operator*(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) *= r; }
  constexpr Fp operator/(const Fp &r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) /= r; }
  constexpr Fp &operator+=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val += r.val;
    if (val >= MOD)
      val -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator-=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val -= r.val;
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator*=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    val = val * r.val % MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr Fp &operator/=(const Fp &r) noexcept {
    long long a = r.val, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0;
    while (b) {
      long long t = a / b;
      a -= t * b;
      swap(a, b);
      u -= t * v;
      swap(u, v);
    }
    val = val * u % MOD;
    if (val < 0)
      val += MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  constexpr bool operator==(const Fp &r) const noexcept {
    return this->val == r.val;
  }
  constexpr bool operator!=(const Fp &r) const noexcept {
    return this->val != r.val;
  }
  friend constexpr ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Fp<MOD> &x) noexcept {
    return os << x.val;
  }
  friend constexpr Fp<MOD> modpow(const Fp<MOD> &a, long long n) noexcept {
    if (n == 0)
      return 1;
    auto t = modpow(a, n / 2);
    t = t * t;
    if (n & 1)
      t = t * a;
    return t;
  }
};

// 二項係数ライブラリ
template <class T> struct BiCoef {
  vector<T> fact_, inv_, finv_;
  constexpr BiCoef() {}
  constexpr BiCoef(int n) noexcept : fact_(n, 1), inv_(n, 1), finv_(n, 1) {
    init(n);
  }
  constexpr void init(int n) noexcept {
    fact_.assign(n, 1), inv_.assign(n, 1), finv_.assign(n, 1);
    int MOD = fact_[0].getmod();
    for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
      fact_[i] = fact_[i - 1] * i;
      inv_[i] = -inv_[MOD % i] * (MOD / i);
      finv_[i] = finv_[i - 1] * inv_[i];
    }
  }
  constexpr T com(int n, int k) const noexcept {
    if (n < k || n < 0 || k < 0)
      return 0;
    return fact_[n] * finv_[k] * finv_[n - k];
  }
  constexpr T fact(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return fact_[n];
  }
  constexpr T inv(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return inv_[n];
  }
  constexpr T finv(int n) const noexcept {
    if (n < 0)
      return 0;
    return finv_[n];
  }
};

const int MOD = 1000000007;
using mint = Fp<MOD>;
BiCoef<mint> bc;

ll n;
vector<vector<ll>> to;
vector<mint> dp;
vector<ll> subTreeSize;

void dfs(ll cv, ll par) {
  // leaf
  if (SZ(to[cv]) == 1 && to[cv][0] == par) {
    subTreeSize[cv] = 1;
    return;
  }

  // subTreeのsize計算
  ll sz = 1;
  for (ll nv : to[cv]) {
    if (nv == par) {
      continue;
    }
    dfs(nv, cv);
    sz += subTreeSize[nv];
  }
  subTreeSize[cv] = sz;

  // dp計算
  sz -= 1;
  for (ll nv : to[cv]) {
    dp[cv] *= bc.com(sz, subTreeSize[nv]) * dp[nv];
    sz -= subTreeSize[nv];
  }
}

int main() {
  bc.init(2100000);
  cin >> n;
  to = vector<vector<ll>>(n);
  REP(i, n - 1) {
    ll a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    a--, b--;
    to[a].push_back(b);
    to[b].push_back(a);
  }

  REP(i, n) {
    dp = vector<mint>(n, 1);
    subTreeSize = vector<ll>(n, 0);
    dfs(i, -1);
    cout << dp[i] << endl;
  }
}