Cyclocephala

Se systematisk inndeling

Cyclocephala er en artsrik slekt av biller som hører til gruppen hornbiller i familien skarabider (Scarabaeidae).

Utseende 
Middelsstore (7-25 millimeter), avlange, blanke, brungule, rødlige eller mørke biller. Mange arter har mørke fargetegninger, de kan også være ensfarget mørke. De er blant de minste hornbillene og mangler horn. Et særtrekk er at de vifteformede antennene bare har to «vifteblader».

Levevis 
De voksne billene er nattaktive og kommer til lys. I alle fall noen arter besøker blomster (for eksempel på planter i myrkonglefamilien) og kan være viktige pollinatorer. Larvene er kjent bare for et fåtall av artene, disse lever i jorda og eter på gressrøtter.

Utbredelse 
Artene er utbredt i Nord-Amerika, der de kan være meget tallrike, men de aller fleste lever i Sør- og Mellom-Amerika.

Systematisk inndeling 
Avgrensingen av slekten er noe uklar, spesielt er den ofte vanskelig å skille fra slekten Aspidolea.

 Ordenen biller, Coleoptera
 Underordenen Polyphaga
 Overfamilien skarabider (Scarabaeoidea)
 Familien skarabider, Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1806
 Underfamilien hornbiller, Dynastinae MacLeay, 1819
 Stammen Cyclocephalini 
 Slekten Cyclocephala Latreille, 1829 – nordlige arter:
 Cyclocephala borealis Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala hirta LeConte, 1861
 Cyclocephala longula LeConte, 1863
 Cyclocephala lunulata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala lurida Bland, 1863
 Cyclocephala melanocephala (Fabricius, 1775)
 Cyclocephala miamiensis Howden & Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala pasadenae (Casey, 1915)
 Cyclocephala puberula LeConte, 1863

Liste over arter utbredt sør for USA 
 Cyclocephala abrelata Ratcliffe & Cave, 1992
 Cyclocephala acoma Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala acuta Arrow, 1902
 Cyclocephala aequatoria Endrödi, 1963
 Cyclocephala affinis Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala alazonia Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala alexi Ratcliffe & Delgado, 1990
 Cyclocephala almitana Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala altamontana Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala alutacea Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala alvarengai Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala amazona (Linnaeus, 1767)
 Cyclocephala amblyopsis Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala ampliata Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala amplitarsis Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala angularis (Knoch, 1801)
 Cyclocephala anibali Joly, 2009
 Cyclocephala antoinei Dupuis, 2018
 Cyclocephala aravaipensis Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala arenosa Howden & Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala arnaudi Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala arrowiana Martínez, 1967
 Cyclocephala atricapilla Mannerheim, 1829
 Cyclocephala atriceps (Casey, 1915)
 Cyclocephala atricolor Chapin, 1932
 Cyclocephala atripes Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala aulustjaorum Hiekema, 2017
 Cyclocephala barrerai Martínez, 1969
 Cyclocephala batesi Delgado-Castilla & Castaneda, 1994
 Cyclocephala bella Endrödi, 1969
 Cyclocephala berti Delgado-Castillo, 1992
 Cyclocephala bicolor Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Cyclocephala bicolorata Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala bimaculata Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala binotata Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala bleuzeni Dechambre, 1995
 Cyclocephala boliviana Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala bollei Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
 Cyclocephala borburatae Endrödi, 1980
 Cyclocephala boucheri Dechambre, 1997
 Cyclocephala boulardi Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala brasiliana Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala brevipennis Endrödi, 1985
 Cyclocephala brevis Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala brittoni Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala burmeisteri Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala caelestis Delgado & Ratcliffe, 1990
 Cyclocephala camachicola Ohaus, 1910
 Cyclocephala capitata Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala carbonaria Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala cardini Chapin, 1935
 Cyclocephala carinatipennis Martínez & Morón, 1984
 Cyclocephala carlsoni Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala cartwrighti Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala casanova Ratcliffe & Cave, 2009
 Cyclocephala castanea (Olivier, 1789)
 Cyclocephala castaniella Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala caussaneli Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala cearae Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala celata Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala cerea Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala chalumeaui Martínez, 1978
 Cyclocephala chera Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala chiquita Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala colasi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala collaris Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala comata Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala compacta Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala complanata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala concolor Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala confusa Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala conspicua Sharp, 1877
 Cyclocephala contraria Kirsch, 1873
 Cyclocephala coriacea Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala couturieri Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala crassa Endrödi, 1967
 Cyclocephala crepuscularis Martínez, 1954
 Cyclocephala cribrata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala cubana Chapin, 1932
 Cyclocephala cucullata Ratcliffe & Cave, 2020
 Cyclocephala curta Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala dalensi Ponchel, 2009
 Cyclocephala danforthi Chapin, 1935
 Cyclocephala deceptor (Casey, 1915)
 Cyclocephala dechambrei Dupuis, 2018
 Cyclocephala decorella Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala defecta Endrödi, 1970
 Cyclocephala deltoides Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala dichroa Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala dicula Dupuis, 2021
 Cyclocephala dilatata Prell, 1934
 Cyclocephala diluta Erichson, 1847
 Cyclocephala discicollis Arrow, 1902
 Cyclocephala discolor (Herbst, 1792)
 Cyclocephala dispar (Herbst, 1790)
 Cyclocephala distincta Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala divaricata Joly, 2005
 Cyclocephala dolichotarsa Ratcliffe & Cave, 2008
 Cyclocephala dominicana Endrödi, 1985
 Cyclocephala duodecimpunctata Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala dupuisi Ratcliffe, 2014
 Cyclocephala durantonorum Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala dyscinetoides Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala emarginata Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala endroedii Martínez, 1965
 Cyclocephala endroedy-youngai Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala englemani (Ratcliffe, 1977)
 Cyclocephala enigma Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala epistomalis Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala ergastuli Dechambre, 1997
 Cyclocephala erotylina Arrow, 1914
 Cyclocephala everardoi Grossi, Santos & Almeida, 2016
 Cyclocephala falsa (Arrow, 1911)
 Cyclocephala fankhaeneli Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala fasciolata Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala ferruginea (Fabricius, 1801)
 Cyclocephala figurata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala flavipennis Arrow, 1914
 Cyclocephala flavoscutellaris Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala flora Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala forcipulata Howden & Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala forsteri Endrödi, 1963
 Cyclocephala freudei Endrödi, 1963
 Cyclocephala freyi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala frontalis Chevrolat, 1844
 Cyclocephala fulgurata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala fulvipennis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala fusiformis Chapin, 1932
 Cyclocephala gabaldoni Martínez & Martínez, 1981
 Cyclocephala genieri Joly, 2010
 Cyclocephala gigantea Dupuis, 1999
 Cyclocephala goetzi Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala gravis Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg, 1908
 Cyclocephala guaguarum Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
 Cyclocephala guianae Endrödi, 1969
 Cyclocephala guttata Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala guycolasi Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala halffteriana Martínez, 1968
 Cyclocephala hardyi Endrödi, 1975
 Cyclocephala hartmannorum Maly, 2006
 Cyclocephala helavai Endrödi, 1975
 Cyclocephala herteli Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala hiekei Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala hielkemaorum Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala hirsuta Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala histrionica Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala holmbergi Martínez, 1968
 Cyclocephala howdenannae Endrödi, 1975
 Cyclocephala huamilule Romero-López & Morón, 2017
 Cyclocephala husingi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala iani Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala immaculata (Olivier, 1789)
 Cyclocephala inca Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala insulicola Arrow, 1937
 Cyclocephala isabellina Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala isthmiensis Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala italoi Dupuis, 1999
 Cyclocephala jalapensis Casey, 1915
 Cyclocephala jauffreti Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala kahanoffae Martínez, 1975
 Cyclocephala kaszabi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala kechua (Martínez, 1957)
 Cyclocephala knobelae (Brown, 1934)
 Cyclocephala krombeini Endrödi, 1979
 Cyclocephala kuntzeniana Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala labidion Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala lachaumei Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala laevis Arrow, 1937
 Cyclocephala lamarcki Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala laminata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala larssoni Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala latericia Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala latipennis Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala latreillei Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala lecourti Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala letiranti Young, 1992
 Cyclocephala lichyi Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala ligyrina Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala lineata Dupuis, 2008
 Cyclocephala lineigera Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala liomorpha Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala literata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala lizeri Martínez, 1964
 Cyclocephala longa Endrödi, 1963
 Cyclocephala longicollis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala longimana Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala longitarsis Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala lutea Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala machadoi Grossi, 2016
 Cyclocephala macrophylla Erichson, 1847
 Cyclocephala maculata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala maculiventris Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala mafaffa Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala magdalenae Young & Le Tirant, 2005
 Cyclocephala malleri Martínez, 1968
 Cyclocephala malyi Dupuis, 2014
 Cyclocephala mannheimsi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala marginalis Kirsch, 1871
 Cyclocephala marginicollis Arrow, 1902
 Cyclocephala marianista Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
 Cyclocephala marqueti Dechambre, 1997
 Cyclocephala marquezi Delgado & Mora-Aguilar, 2020
 Cyclocephala martinezi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala marylizae Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala mathani Dechambre, 1982
 Cyclocephala mechae Martínez
 Cyclocephala mecynotarsis Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala megalophylla Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala meinanderi Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala melanae Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala melanopoda Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala melolonthida Ratcliffe & Cave, 2002
 Cyclocephala mesophylla Mora-Aguilar & Delgado, 2012
 Cyclocephala metrica Steinheil, 1872
 Cyclocephala minuchae Joly, 2003
 Cyclocephala minuta Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala modesta Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala molesta Endrödi, 1969
 Cyclocephala monacha Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala monzoni Ratcliffe & Cave, 2009
 Cyclocephala moreti Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala morphoidina Prell, 1937
 Cyclocephala multiplex Casey, 1915
 Cyclocephala munda Kirsch, 1870
 Cyclocephala mustacha Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala mutata Harold, 1869
 Cyclocephala nana Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala nicolasi Dupuis, 2018
 Cyclocephala nigerrima Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala nigra (Endrödi, 1979)
 Cyclocephala nigricollis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala nigritarsis Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala nigrobasalis Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala nigropicta Dechambre & Endrödi, 1980
 Cyclocephala niguasa Dechambre & Endrödi, 1984
 Cyclocephala nike Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala nodanotherwon Ratcliffe, 1992 - artsnavnet tyder på en viss frustrasjon over tallet på arter i denne slekten
 Cyclocephala notata (Illiger, 1806)
 Cyclocephala obscura Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala occipitalis Fairmaire, 1892
 Cyclocephala ocellata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala ochracea Prell, 1937
 Cyclocephala octopunctata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala ohausiana Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala olivieri Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala ovulum Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala pan Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala panthera Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala paraflora Martínez, 1978
 Cyclocephala paraguayensis Arrow, 1903
 Cyclocephala parallela (Casey, 1915)
 Cyclocephala pardolocarnoi Dechambre, 1995
 Cyclocephala perconfusa Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala pereirai (Martínez, 1960)
 Cyclocephala perforata Arrow, 1913
 Cyclocephala perplexa Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala peruana Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala pichinchana Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala picipes (Olivier, 1789)
 Cyclocephala picopijola Ratcliffe & Cave, 2006
 Cyclocephala picta Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala pilosa Dupuis, 2006
 Cyclocephala pilosicollis Saylor, 1936
 Cyclocephala pokornyi Dupuis, 2014
 Cyclocephala pompanoni Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala poncheli Dechambre & Duranton, 2005
 Cyclocephala porioni Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala prelli Endrödi, 1967
 Cyclocephala prolongata Arrow, 1902
 Cyclocephala proxima Dechambre, 1997
 Cyclocephala pseudoconfusa Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala pseudomelanocephala Dupuis, 1996
 Cyclocephala pugnax Arrow, 1914
 Cyclocephala pulchra Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala puncticollis Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala putrida Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala pygidialis Joly, 2000
 Cyclocephala pygidiata Dupuis, 1999
 Cyclocephala quadripunctata Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala quatuordecimpunctata Mannerheim, 1829
 Cyclocephala quercina Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala quisqueya Joly, 1998
 Cyclocephala rangelana Chapin, 1935
 Cyclocephala ratcliffei Endrödi, 1977
 Cyclocephala recta Dupuis, 2008
 Cyclocephala regularis Casey, 1915
 Cyclocephala rogerpauli Moore, Branham & Cave, 2018
 Cyclocephala rogezi Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala rondoniana Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala rorulenta Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala rotundipenis Dupuis, 2009
 Cyclocephala rubescens Bates, 1891
 Cyclocephala rufa Endrödi, 1967
 Cyclocephala rufescens Endrödi, 1967
 Cyclocephala ruficollis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala rufonigra Demay, 1838
 Cyclocephala rufovaria Arrow, 1911
 Cyclocephala rustica (Olivier, 1789)
 Cyclocephala saltini Ratcliffe, 2008
 Cyclocephala sanguinicollis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala santaritae Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala sarahae Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala sardadebiae Dechambre & Duranton, 2005
 Cyclocephala sarpedon Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala scarabaeina (Gyllenhal, 1817)
 Cyclocephala schmitzorum Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala sculpta Dupuis, 2021
 Cyclocephala seditiosa LeConte, 1863
 Cyclocephala setosa Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala sexpunctata Laporte de Castelnau, 1840
 Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala signatoides Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala similis Dechambre, 1980
 Cyclocephala simillima Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala simulatrix Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala sinaloae Howden & Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala sinuosa Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala sororia Bates, 1888
 Cyclocephala spangleri Joly, 2000
 Cyclocephala sparsa Arrow, 1902
 Cyclocephala spilopyga Erichson, 1847
 Cyclocephala stictica Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala stockwelli Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala striata Endrödi, 1963
 Cyclocephala subsignata Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala supernana Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala suturalis Ohaus, 1911
 Cyclocephala sylviae Dechambre, 1995
 Cyclocephala tarsalis Dechambre, 1979
 Cyclocephala testacea Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala tetrica Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala tidula Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala toulgoeti Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala tridentata (Fabricius, 1801)
 Cyclocephala tronchonii Martínez, 1975
 Cyclocephala tucumana Brethes, 1904
 Cyclocephala tutilina Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala tylifera Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala unamas Ratcliffe, 2003
 Cyclocephala undata (Olivier, 1789)
 Cyclocephala unidentata Endrödi, 1980
 Cyclocephala variabilis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala varians Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala variipenis Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala variolosa Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala verticalis Burmeister, 1847
 Cyclocephala vestita Höhne, 1923
 Cyclocephala vidanoi Dechambre, 1992
 Cyclocephala vidua Endrödi, 1966
 Cyclocephala villosa Blanchard, 1846
 Cyclocephala vincentiae Arrow, 1900
 Cyclocephala vinosa Arrow, 1937
 Cyclocephala virgo Dechambre, 1999
 Cyclocephala viridis Dechambre, 1982
 Cyclocephala vittoscutellaris Prell, 1937
 Cyclocephala wandae Hardy, 1974
 Cyclocephala warneri Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala weidneri Endrödi, 1964
 Cyclocephala williami Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala zodion Ratcliffe, 1992
 Cyclocephala zurstrasseni Endrödi, 1964

Kilder 
 Generic Guide to New World Scarab Beetles - Cyclocephala

Eksterne lenker 
 
 Bildegalleri over nordamerikanske arter
 Dynastidae du monde- sjekkliste over artene 

Hornbiller
Biller formelt beskrevet i 1829
Dyr formelt beskrevet av Pierre André Latreille