question: Høyesterettssak pollock vs bonders lån og tillit begynte da?
answers.text: 1895
context: Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
  
  
  
  
  
  USAs høyesterett
  
  
  
  Argumentert 7.–8., 11.–13. mars 1895
  Vedtatt 8. april 1895
  
  
  Fullt saksnavn
  Charles Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company
  
  
  Sitater
  157 U.S. 429 (mer)
  15 S. Ct. 673; 39 L. Ed. 759; 1895 U.S. LEXIS 2215; 3 A.F.T.R. (P-H) 2557
  
  
  
  Tidligere historie
  Anke fra Circuit Court of the United States for Southern District of New York
  
  
  Holder
  
  
  De ikke-fordelte inntektsskattene på renter, utbytte og husleie som ble pålagt av inntektsskatteloven av 1894 var i realiteten direkte skatter, og var grunnlovsstridige fordi de brøt med regelen om at direkte skatter fordeles.
  
  
  Rettsmedlemskap
  
  
  
  
  Justitiarius
  Melville Fuller
  Tilknyttede dommere
  Stephen J. Field · John M. Harlan
  Horace Gray · David J. Brewer
  Henry B. Brown · George Shiras Jr.
  Howell E. Jackson · Edward D. White
  
  
  
  
  Saksmeninger
  
  
  Flertall
  Fuller, sammen med Field, Gray, Brewer, Shiras
  
  
  Dissens
  White, sammen med Harlan
  
  
  Dissens
  Harlan
  
  
  Dissens
  brun
  
  
  Dissens
  Jackson
  
  
  
  Avløst av
  
  
  
  U.S. Const. endre. XVI (delvis)
  
  
  
  Overstyrt av
  
  
  
  South Carolina v. Baker, 485 U.S. 505 (1988) (delvis)
answers_en.text: 1895
context_en: Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
  
  
  
  
  
  Supreme Court of the United States
  
  
  
  Argued March 7–8, 11–13, 1895
  Decided April 8, 1895
  
  
  Full case name
  Charles Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company
  
  
  Citations
  157 U.S. 429 (more)
  15 S. Ct. 673; 39 L. Ed. 759; 1895 U.S. LEXIS 2215; 3 A.F.T.R. (P-H) 2557
  
  
  
  Prior history
  Appeal from the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York
  
  
  Holding
  
  
  The unapportioned income taxes on interest, dividends and rents imposed by the Income Tax Act of 1894 were, in effect, direct taxes, and were unconstitutional because they violated the rule that direct taxes be apportioned.
  
  
  Court membership
  
  
  
  
  Chief Justice
  Melville Fuller
  Associate Justices
  Stephen J. Field · John M. Harlan
  Horace Gray · David J. Brewer
  Henry B. Brown · George Shiras Jr.
  Howell E. Jackson · Edward D. White
  
  
  
  
  Case opinions
  
  
  Majority
  Fuller, joined by Field, Gray, Brewer, Shiras
  
  
  Dissent
  White, joined by Harlan
  
  
  Dissent
  Harlan
  
  
  Dissent
  Brown
  
  
  Dissent
  Jackson
  
  
  
  Superseded by
  
  
  
  U.S. Const. amend. XVI (in part)
  
  
  
  Overruled by
  
  
  
  South Carolina v. Baker, 485 U.S. 505 (1988) (in part)
title_en: Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.