alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Slovakia
Document: LTS

In order to achieve climate neutrality, it will be desirable to effectively set up a long-term and predictable framework for financial support. CO2 eq. (Gg) WAM scenario Increase the attractiveness and comfort of public transport at all levels: - Enable the arrival of private rail carriers on national routes; - Renew the rail carrier’s train fleet; - Support the development of public passenger rail transport (trams and trolleybuses), support the development of alternative-fuelled bus public passenger transport and support regular alternative-fuelled passenger ship transport; - Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds; - Harmonize national and local public passenger transport timetables; - Expand the Integrated transport system (IDS) to other regions; - Introduce and support flexible public passenger transport systems (bus on demand or with flexible routes), particularly in areas with low population density; - Develop Park&Ride facilities; - Carpooling; - Introduce financial and support measures to make public transport more financially attractive to the public than individual car transport.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds
Country: Slovakia
Document: LTS

(Gg) WAM scenario Increase the attractiveness and comfort of public transport at all levels: - Enable the arrival of private rail carriers on national routes; - Renew the rail carrier’s train fleet; - Support the development of public passenger rail transport (trams and trolleybuses), support the development of alternative-fuelled bus public passenger transport and support regular alternative-fuelled passenger ship transport; - Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds; - Harmonize national and local public passenger transport timetables; - Expand the Integrated transport system (IDS) to other regions; - Introduce and support flexible public passenger transport systems (bus on demand or with flexible routes), particularly in areas with low population density; - Develop Park&Ride facilities; - Carpooling; - Introduce financial and support measures to make public transport more financially attractive to the public than individual car transport. Fully electrify the railway network and make rail freight transport more attractive (including increasing its capacity) to carry goods.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Gradually reduce the procurement of public transport vehicles using fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions, from public funds
Country: Slovakia
Document: LTS

Remove legislative barriers to the use of underground car parks for CNG, LPG, and hydrogen vehicles (the Fire Act, amendment to the Building Act, etc.). 36 Directive restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity, taking into account the reduction of emissions and the minimum rates of excise duties on energy products Prepare and strictly implement the revised Directive 2009/33 on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles. Promote the application of green public procurement. Reduce aviation emissions. Support the construction of infrastructure for waterway transport enabling the operation of alternative fuel vessels in inland waterway transport and encourage carriers/operators of inland waterway vessels to remotorise their alternative-fuel vessels. Raise awareness of eco-driving (so-called eco-driving).

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Promote the application of green public procurement
Country: New Zealand
Document: LTS

Co-funding will help industries and groups to demonstrate and adopt low-emissions transport technology, vehicles, innovation and infrastructure ► the Clean Car Discount (implementation underway), which will encourage New Zealanders to buy cleaner vehicles, by addressing the high upfront cost with incentives. In early 2022, a charge on high-emitting vehicles will apply at point of first registration in Aotearoa, to discourage purchase ► the Clean Car Standard (to be implemented in 2022), which will support a cleaner vehicle fleet by improving the efficiency of imported new and used light vehicles. It will be strengthened over time ► transitioning to a low-emissions government fleet (implemented), with the aim of cleaning up the Government’s fleet by reducing its number of vehicles and choosing electric or hybrid vehicles unless operational requirements prevent this ► the zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) mandate.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: transitioning to a low-emissions government fleet (implemented), with the aim of cleaning up the Government’s fleet by reducing its number of vehicles and choosing electric or hybrid vehicles unless operational requirements prevent this
Country: New Zealand
Document: LTS

It will be strengthened over time ► transitioning to a low-emissions government fleet (implemented), with the aim of cleaning up the Government’s fleet by reducing its number of vehicles and choosing electric or hybrid vehicles unless operational requirements prevent this ► the zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) mandate. The Government has created a mechanism to ensure there is a minimum percentage of ZEVs in the imported light vehicle supply. It will be used if the Clean Car Standard and Clean Car Discount do not prompt enough supply of ZEVs ► extending heavy EV exemption from road user charges, which will encourage businesses to buy heavy EVs.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: transitioning to a low-emissions government fleet (implemented), with the aim of cleaning up the Government’s fleet by reducing its number of vehicles and choosing electric or hybrid vehicles unless operational requirements prevent this
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

Principles: This action is highly aligned with Autonomy and well aligned with Environment and Inclusivity. Link to Second NDC: This action supports the NDC target of a 2 percent efficiency gain per year for newly purchased light duty vehicles through either establishing mandatory vehicle standards and/or incentives for purchasing more efficient vehicles through taxes, fees, or import tariffs. Links to other mitigation sectors: Energy (energy efficiency). TONGA LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 2021-2050 3 KEY LONG-TERM CLIMATE ACTIONS TONGA LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 2021-2050 3 KEY LONG-TERM CLIMATE ACTIONSTRANSPORT Introducing electric vehicles (EVs) in the municipal government fleet. GHG emission reduction potential: Low, but the potential to grow significantly beyond the government fleet as EVs are implemented. Description: This action focuses on making the municipal government fleet 100 percent electric.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Introducing electric vehicles (EVs) in the municipal government fleet.
Country: Andorra
Document: LTS

This reduction in GHG emissions is accompanied by an improvement in air quality, especially with the reduction of NO2 levels, with values 70% lower than usual. Although this situation is not a desirable one, the post-COVID-19 policies must take into account the connection between health, air quality and climate change, in such a way that positive experiences need to be drawn from them, assessing the possibility of incorporating those that allow us to better reconcile the impact on GHG emissions and the maintenance of the economy into mobility habits.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: This reduction in GHG emissions is accompanied by an improvement in air quality, especially with the reduction of NO2 levels, with values 70% lower than usual. A
Country: European Union
Document: LTS

Just as for renewable energy in the previous decade, the automotive industry already today heavily invests in the emergence of zero and low emission vehicle technologies, such as electric vehicles. A combination of decarbonised, decentralised and digitalised power, more efficient and sustainable batteries, highly efficient electric powertrains, connectivity and autonomous driving offers prospects to decarbonise road transport with strong overall benefits including clean air, reduced noise, accident-free traffic, altogether generating major health benefits for citizens and the European economy. Electrification of short sea shipping and inland waterways is also an option, where the power to weight ratio makes it feasible. Based on today’s knowledge and technologies, electrification using renewables alone will not be the single silver bullet for all transport modes.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: A combination of decarbonised, decentralised and digitalised power, more efficient and sustainable batteries, highly efficient electric powertrains, connectivity and autonomous driving offers prospects to decarbonise road transport with strong overall benefits including clean air, reduced noise, accident-free traffic, altogether generating major health benefits for citizens and the European economy.
Country: Latvia
Document: LTS

Electrification of ports reduces emissions from ships standing in ports, thus decreasing the negative impact of ports on the surrounding environment and climate. â¢ Sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility of inhabitants has been ensured The public transport system is efficient and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment. The park and ride system has significantly expanded, the use of bicycles, scooters, segways, and other inventory has increased, and attractive circumstances for pedestrians have sensors (road weather stations, video cameras, traffic counters, etc.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment.
Country: Luxembourg
Document: LTS

Pour parvenir à la neutralité climatique d’ici à 2050, le défi consiste donc à inverser cette tendance et à tout mettre en œuvre pour décarboniser le système de mobilité. Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air,
Country: Luxembourg
Document: LTS

Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens. Bien qu’il soit impératif que les prix reflètent les coûts réels147 des différents modes de transport, notamment par le biais d’une politique fiscale appropriée, incluant la taxation des carburants et des véhicules, le développement et la mise en œuvre de solutions incitant les usagers à modifier leurs habitudes en termes de mobilité sont primordiaux.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air,
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Sustainability will be at the heart of levelling up. People everywhere will feel the benefits – villages, towns, cities, and countryside will be cleaner, greener, healthier, and more prosperous and pleasant environments in which to live, work and enjoy. 6. Based on our whole system modelling, by 2050, total transport emissions, including international aviation and shipping, could need to drop by 76-86% compared to 2019, down to 23-40MtCO e. In the interim, to meet our NDC and CB6 targets,72 we expect they could fall by 22-33% by 2030 and 46-59% by 2035, compared to 2019 levels. These figures are based on an indicative transport sector pathway contributing to the whole-economy net zero and interim targets.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: People everywhere will feel the benefits – villages, towns, cities, and countryside will be cleaner, greener, healthier, and more prosperous and pleasant environments in which to live, work and enjoy.
Country: Bangladesh
Document: 1st NDC

Table 4: Possible mitigation actions to deliver the conditional contribution Sector Description Objectives of the activity by 2030 Power  Ensure all new coal generation uses super-critical technology  Increased penetration of wind power  Implement grid-connected solar plant to diversify the existing electricity generation mix  100% of new coal based power plants use super-critical technology by 2030  400 MW of wind generating capacity by 2030  1000 MW of utility-scale solar power plant Transport  Modal shift from road to rail, delivered through a range of measures, including underground metro systems and bus rapid transit systems in urban areas. Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety.  Reduced congestion and improved running of traffic. This will be achieved by a number of measures, including building of expressways to relieve congestion and public transport measures.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety.
Country: Jordan
Document: 1st NDC

The health sectorâs adaptation to climate change focuses on the adequate intervention measures required to reduce the impact of climate change on six climate-sensitive health issues, namely: o Heat waves (health impacts of temperature related events); o Water and food-borne diseases; o Vector-borne diseases; o Air-borne and respiratory diseases; o Nutrition and food security; and o Occupational health The Action Plan (2013-2017) listed 24 proposed adaptation projects that fall under seven main categories as follows: - Regulatory/legislative; - Capacity building; - Public education and communication; - Surveillance and monitoring; - Medical intervention; - Infrastructure development; and - Research and further information. The proposed adaptation measures and projects are: â Strengthening the preparedness and resilience of the health sector and increasing emergency rooms (ER) capacities; â Building the needed capacities to conduct health vulnerability assessments; â Educating and informing the public of the needed measures to protect health from the adverse impacts of climate change; â Establishing an early warning system to trigger prompt public health intervention when certain variables exceed a defined threshold; â Developing climate-informed disease control programs and surveillance systems using meteorological services to target vector control in time and space; â Adopting more effective and rapid electronic exchange of surveillance data for rapid intervention, and establish, with the relevant ministry(ies), access to real-time air quality monitoring data to establish the link between respiratory diseases and air pollution and climate change; â Introducing new indicators that are useful for protecting health, such as Air Quality Index, UV index, in cooperation with the relevant institutions; and â Utilizing effective tools (e.g.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Adopting more effective and rapid electronic exchange of surveillance data for rapid intervention, and establish, with the relevant ministry(ies), access to real-time air quality monitoring data to establish the link between respiratory diseases and air pollution and climate change
Country: Jordan
Document: 1st NDC

The proposed adaptation measures and projects are: â Strengthening the preparedness and resilience of the health sector and increasing emergency rooms (ER) capacities; â Building the needed capacities to conduct health vulnerability assessments; â Educating and informing the public of the needed measures to protect health from the adverse impacts of climate change; â Establishing an early warning system to trigger prompt public health intervention when certain variables exceed a defined threshold; â Developing climate-informed disease control programs and surveillance systems using meteorological services to target vector control in time and space; â Adopting more effective and rapid electronic exchange of surveillance data for rapid intervention, and establish, with the relevant ministry(ies), access to real-time air quality monitoring data to establish the link between respiratory diseases and air pollution and climate change; â Introducing new indicators that are useful for protecting health, such as Air Quality Index, UV index, in cooperation with the relevant institutions; and â Utilizing effective tools (e.g. GIS or Health Mapper) to link environmental and climatic factors to health outcomes.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Adopting more effective and rapid electronic exchange of surveillance data for rapid intervention, and establish, with the relevant ministry(ies), access to real-time air quality monitoring data to establish the link between respiratory diseases and air pollution and climate change
Country: Malawi
Document: Updated NDC

   Clean Coal technology - Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Deployment of carbon capture to sub-critical coal power stations in the north of Malawi with permanent geological storage within in-situ coal seams. MOE (Department of Energy Affairs) MERA, EGENCO, ESCOM, IPPs, Department of Mines, donors US$ 4.8 billion conditional Not applicable    TRANSPORTMALAWI’S UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 35 NDC MEASURE LINE MINISTY (FOCAL POINT) OTHER KEY IMPLEMENTING ENTITIES TOTAL ESTIMATED FUNDING ADAPTATION AND RESILIENCE CO-BENEFITS ALIGNMENT WITH SDGs TIMELINE Modal shift: private to passenger transport Increasing the share of passenger transport from around 10% at present to around 30% in 2040, reducing GHG emissions from gasoline and diesel use. MOTPW, MOLG (Department of Road Traffic and Safety Services) Passenger Associations, Bus Operators Associations, City Councils, private transport cos million uc: US$ 41m c: US$ 97m Increased resilience of transport infrastructure. Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts
Country: Malawi
Document: Updated NDC

Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.    Modal shift: road to rail freight Increased use of rail under the National Transport Master Plan, resulting in reduced diesel consumptions and GHG emissions from road freight transport. MOTPW (Department of Rail and Public Transport) Road Transporters Association, Railway Operator, District and City Councils billion uc: US$ 6.45m c: US$ 6.45m Increased resilience of transport infrastructure. Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.    Increasing ethanol blending with gasoline as a transportation fuel Achieving an average national blend rate of 20% ethanol, resulting in reduced GHG emissions from gasoline consumption in road transport. MOTPW, MOE (Department of Energy Affairs) MERA, private sector million uc: US$ 253m c: US$ 253m Decreased dependence on imported fossil fuel energy products.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts
Country: Malawi
Document: Updated NDC

MOTPW, MOE (Department of Energy Affairs) MERA, private sector million uc: US$ 253m c: US$ 253m Decreased dependence on imported fossil fuel energy products. Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.    Blending biodiesel with diesel as a transportation fuel Commercial production of biodiesel fuel reaching 55 million litres and resulting in reduced GHG emissions from diesel consumption in road transport. MOTPW, MOE (Department of Energy Affairs) MERA, MOA, DADOs, private sector million uc: US$ 141m c: US$ 16m Decreased dependence on imported fossil fuel energy products. Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts
Country: Malawi
Document: Updated NDC

Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts.    BUILDINGSMALAWI’S UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION 36 NDC MEASURE LINE MINISTY (FOCAL POINT) OTHER KEY IMPLEMENTING ENTITIES TOTAL ESTIMATED FUNDING ADAPTATION AND RESILIENCE CO-BENEFITS ALIGNMENT WITH SDGs TIMELINE Improved charcoal cookstoves - rural households (a) Deployment of efficient charcoal cookstoves to urban households; increasing from 20% to 30% efficiency thereby reducing demand for charcoal and O emissions. MOE (Department of Energy Affairs), Ministry of Forestry and Natural Resources (DOF) District Energy Offices, District Forestry Offices, District Councils, NGOs, Area and Village Development Committees US$ 8 million unconditional Reduced demand for traditional biomass, which helps to reduce pressure on forestry resources with associated reduced impacts from extreme rainfall events.    Improved firewood cookstoves - rural households (b) Introduction of 2 million improved high efficiency stoves, resulting in carbon sink preservation through reduction in use of unsustainable biomass fuel.

Question: Is there any Air pollution reduction?
Answer: Improved health and reduction of harmful local air pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts