alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Republic of Moldova
Document: Updated NDC

Transport Improve understanding of climate change- related risks and support planning capacities for climate-resilient infrastructure in the transport sector - Provide training to decision-makers managing the construction of transport infrastructure on climate risk impacts; - Undertake periodic assessments of the level of resilience to climate change impact of the transport infrastructure; - Produce a research-analysis-assessment platform on climate change risks with impact on transport infrastructure, involving insurance companies; - Communicate transport sector climate risks to the targeted audience and general pubic using georeferenced data on climate hazards, social and gender vulnerabilities, risk mapping covering different scenarios of threats, other tools.Sectors Sectorial adaptation priorities Main activities and actions in support of adaptation priorities - Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards; - Adjust urban and land-use planning to future climate change-related risks for transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways, waterways, aerodromes); - Promote funding schemes to support climate action that fit specific transport sector related needs, geographic area, other specifics. Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport.

Question: Is there any Improved accessibility benefit?
Answer: Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all
Country: Republic of Moldova
Document: Updated NDC

Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. Create sustainable transport infrastructure - Implement adaptation measures to combat the effect of temperature variation: heat- tolerant streets and highways, landscape protection, heat-resilient paving materials; milling out ruts; shifting construction schedules to cooler parts of the day; design for higher maximum temperatures in replacement or new construction; adaptation of cooling systems; - Promote and implement adaptation solutions for extreme precipitations such as climate-resilient paving materials and overlay with more rut-resilient asphalt; use of the most efficient technologies to assure sealing and renewal of asphalt concrete; wider use of efficient road maintenance methods, including preventive and corrective maintenance; improve flood protection; greater use of sensors for monitoring water flows; upgrading of road drainage systems and improved collection and disposal of rainwater from the roads; pavement grooving and sloping; implement increased standards for drainage capacity for new transportation infrastructure and major rehabilitation projects; - Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change; - Purchase the necessary equipment for cleaning and widening riverbeds, and the development of a system for navigation monitoring, etc.

Question: Is there any Improved accessibility benefit?
Answer: Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all
Country: Latvia
Document: LTS

Electrification of ports reduces emissions from ships standing in ports, thus decreasing the negative impact of ports on the surrounding environment and climate. â¢ Sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility of inhabitants has been ensured The public transport system is efficient and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment. The park and ride system has significantly expanded, the use of bicycles, scooters, segways, and other inventory has increased, and attractive circumstances for pedestrians have sensors (road weather stations, video cameras, traffic counters, etc.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: The public transport is co-modal64 and sustainable, thus successfully competing with the private transport. It has reduced traffic jams and GHG emissions generated by road transport, significantly improved air quality in cities and the attractiveness of urban environment.
Country: Luxembourg
Document: LTS

Pour parvenir à la neutralité climatique d’ici à 2050, le défi consiste donc à inverser cette tendance et à tout mettre en œuvre pour décarboniser le système de mobilité. Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière
Country: Luxembourg
Document: LTS

Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière, des nuisances sonores et du nombre d’accidents ou encore une baisse voire la suppression des capacités de stockage pour produits pétroliers, générant ainsi des bienfaits pour la santé et des améliorations de la qualité de la vie des citoyens. Bien qu’il soit impératif que les prix reflètent les coûts réels147 des différents modes de transport, notamment par le biais d’une politique fiscale appropriée, incluant la taxation des carburants et des véhicules, le développement et la mise en œuvre de solutions incitant les usagers à modifier leurs habitudes en termes de mobilité sont primordiaux.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Les efforts à consentir seront très substantiels, mais apporteront également d’importants avantages supplémentaires comme une meilleure qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion routière
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

• We cannot simply rely on the electrification of road transport, or believe that zero emission cars and lorries will solve all our problems. As we build back better from the pandemic, it will be essential to avoid a car-led recovery. Alongside road vehicle decarbonisation, we must increase the share of trips taken by public transport, cycling and walking. We want to make these modes the natural first choice for all who can take them. As more journeys are cycled or walked, and taken by public transport, the carbon, air quality, noise and congestion benefits will be complemented by significant improvements in public health and wellbeing. • We will support and encourage modal shift of freight from road to more sustainable alternatives, such as rail, cargo bikes and inland waterways.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: As more journeys are cycled or walked, and taken by public transport, the carbon, air quality, noise and congestion benefits will be complemented by significant improvements in public health and wellbeing
Country: Bangladesh
Document: 1st NDC

Table 4: Possible mitigation actions to deliver the conditional contribution Sector Description Objectives of the activity by 2030 Power  Ensure all new coal generation uses super-critical technology  Increased penetration of wind power  Implement grid-connected solar plant to diversify the existing electricity generation mix  100% of new coal based power plants use super-critical technology by 2030  400 MW of wind generating capacity by 2030  1000 MW of utility-scale solar power plant Transport  Modal shift from road to rail, delivered through a range of measures, including underground metro systems and bus rapid transit systems in urban areas. Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety.  Reduced congestion and improved running of traffic. This will be achieved by a number of measures, including building of expressways to relieve congestion and public transport measures.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Co-benefits will include reduced congestion, improved air quality and improved traffic safety.
Country: Cambodia
Document: LTS

Ten actions account for over 90 percent of total costs and benefits, covering both public and private costs. Actions with the highest net benefits are at the bottom of the figure; actions with the highest net costs are at the top. Major costs are from lost timber and farming revenues arising from reduced deforestation, along with expenditures on carbon capture and storage and to some extent for public transportation over the first decade. Forest restoration also requires net costs in the same period. Four actions would deliver substantial net benefits. Public transportation benefits arise from reduced vehicle operation costs, and time savings among commuters on all modes of transportation due to lower congestion. Renewable energy is profitable through most of the time.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Public transportation benefits arise from reduced vehicle operation costs, and time savings among commuters on all modes of transportation due to lower congestion.
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

La mise en œuvre programme national d’efficacité énergétique dans le transport, le contrôle technique obligatoire et les formations en éco-conduite sont des mesures qui participent à atteindre des objectifs de la CDN. Tableau 8: Coûts d’investissements total du sous-secteur transport Actions CDN révisées Coûts d’investis sements Inconditionne l Conditionnel Coût d’investissem ent Total % Coûts % Coûts Coût de mise en œuvre Programme de mobilité verte Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021 Le montant total des besoins financiers dans le sous-secteur de transport est évalué engendrer une réduction d’émissions cumulées de 9 960,04 Gg CO2-eq sur la période 2020-2030 par rapport à un scénario « business as usual » à travers les projets déclinés en annexe. 5.1.1.3. Sous-secteur résidentiel Les lieux de résidence et de commerce contribuent aux émissions des GES à cause du niveau de consommation d’énergie.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

¯ Pour le secteur Ressources en eau : 1) mini-adduction d’eau potable, 2) réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface et 3) drainage gravitaire des eaux de pluies. Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. Il faut souligner que pour des raisons d’inflation et de coût de mise en œuvre, ce montant sera majoré de 15% du capital.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains
Country: Azerbaijan
Document: 1st NDC

The use of alternative and renewable energy sources Development and application of technical and normative legal documents on the use of alternative and renewable energy sources based on conducted assessment, acceleration of works to supply of renewable energy for the heating system for the population, enhancement of use of innovative technologies, construction of small hydro power plants (HPPs) on small rivers, irrigation canals and water basins, as well as, use of biomass, solar power, electric and heat energy, wind power, heat pumps and geothermal energy in all sectors of economy. Transport sector Use of environmentally friendly forms of transport, enhancement of the use of electric vehicles at public transportation, electrification of railway lines and the transition to alternative current system in traction, improvement and expansion of the scope of intellectual transport management system, development of metro transport and increase of a number of metro stations, elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions and underground and surface pedestrian crossings.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions
Country: Azerbaijan
Document: 1st NDC

Transport sector Use of environmentally friendly forms of transport, enhancement of the use of electric vehicles at public transportation, electrification of railway lines and the transition to alternative current system in traction, improvement and expansion of the scope of intellectual transport management system, development of metro transport and increase of a number of metro stations, elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions and underground and surface pedestrian crossings. Agricultural sector Collect methane gas from manure of livestock and poultry, use of alternative sources of energy and modern technologies. Waste sector Develop modern solid waste management system at big cities of the country.

Question: Is there any Congestion reduction?
Answer: Elimination of traffic jams due to the construction of road junctions
Country: Luxembourg
Document: LTS

Dans le souci de maintenir les frais de ravitaillement inférieurs à ceux des véhicules thermiques161, il est important d’assurer des prix de recharge avantageux. Des mesures incitatives complémentaires à considérer consistent dans le droit de stationner gratuitement sur des emplacements publics payants ou de bénéficier de bornes de charges publiques gratuites. Les pouvoirs publics doivent montrer l’exemple en électrifiant leurs propres flottes de véhicules ou en imposant des véhicules électriques par la voie de contrats de service public. Depuis 2018, l’acquisition de voitures électriques est prescrite pour les voitures de service ou de direction de l’Etat, l’achat de véhicules thermiques étant seulement autorisé dans des cas très exceptionnels sur base d’une justification détaillée162.

Question: What changes are considered for transport demand management?
Answer: Des mesures incitatives complémentaires à considérer consistent dans le droit de stationner gratuitement sur des emplacements publics payants ou de bénéficier de bornes de charges publiques gratuites
Country: Malta
Document: LTS

purchases, savings) Table 25: Impact Assessment for the Waste sectorMalta Low Carbon Development Strategy Measures Positive Impacts Negative Impacts  Electrification measures  Public Transport measures  Active Transport measures  Teleworking/ remote working Social  Health benefits from reduced air and noise pollution, potentially lower traffic accidents and more regular exercising  Increased flexibility for employees  Travel time reductions for individuals and businesses  Improved travel for non- vehicle owners, enabling social and economic participation  Enhancing the efficiency of local components of the TEN-T network  Facilitated access to cultural sites and improved preservation as a result of lower traffic emissions Economic  Incremental investment in the EV market  Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics  New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure  Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency  Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices Social  High upfront EV capital cost/ use might exclude some individuals from the personal vehicle ownership market  Risks for public safety in EV accidents  Waste management of EVs/ batteries  Security of supply issues for electricity and batteries (EVs)  Reduced social interaction (and linked mental/physical health effects and work engagement) resulting from TW/ RW  Higher costs for employees, and potential increased digital divide. Economic  Business costs in connection with EV transition adjustments  Potentially lower market competition in EV market and competitive distortions from public transport subsidisation  Negative knock-on effects on economic activity and employment in traditional personal car travel sectors  Additional tax/ charges burden on businesses and individuals, which can result to be of a regressive nature  Administrative requirements for management of any mechanism to disincentivise undesirable usage  Free public transport may disincentivise innovation/ competition in this market  Negative/ displacement effects on commercial activity of any location-specific disincentive scheme Table 26: Impact Assessment for the Transport sectorAnnexesMalta Low Carbon Development Strategy 6.1.

Question: Are there any Economic benefits?
Answer: Incremental investment in the EV market  Reduced traffic congestion contributing to economic productivity and competitiveness, investment/ employment/ job attractiveness and facilitating trade logistics  New R&I spurred in connection with EV transition implementation and efficient/ safe active transport infrastructure  Facilitation of labour geographical mobility and labour market matching efficiency  Possible reduced costs of operating and managing offices
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

The imperative to decarbonise brings with it a host of other benefits, including new business models, new modes, increasing levels of autonomy, far better integration, and a blurring of the distinction between traditional forms of transport, as well as public and private travel coming together to offer greater choice and flexibility. We will use research and development to build on the expertise of business and academia, maximising opportunities for growth, exports and hundreds of thousands of new high‑quality jobs. 10. To achieve the level of emissions reductions in the transport sector indicated by our delivery pathway to 2037, we will need additional public and private investment of around £220 billion. 11. Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK.

Question: Are there any Economic benefits?
Answer: Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK. Based on current estimates, policies and proposals to reduce emissions in the sector could support up to 22,000 jobs in 2024 and up to 74,000 jobs in 2030. Development of road transport sector technologies as the economy transitions to net zero could support up to 71,000 jobs in 2050. Chapter 3 – Reducing Emissions across the Economy12. We need a skilled workforce capable of developing, implementing and operating mobility solutions in a way that maximises the huge potential benefits they offer. The government launched the Green Jobs Taskforce, to advise the government, industry and the skills sector on the action required to deliver the jobs and skills required for the net zero transition.

Question: Are there any Economic benefits?
Answer: Decarbonising the transport sector will regenerate communities and open up new employment opportunities right around the UK