alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Barbados
Document: Updated NDC

So, whereas transport is a significant source of GHG emissions, the sector is also vulnerable to the impacts of natural hazards, and climate change is expected to exacerbate future risks. A more efficient, reliable, affordable and resilient transportation system represents a substantial commitment to climate action with important impacts for the entire Barbadian economy, improving its competitiveness and productivity, reducing costs, and impacting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.BARBADOS 2021 UPDATE OF THE FIRST NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION The government’s commitment to a fossil fuel-free energy system extends to the transport sector, starting with public buses and light duty/passenger vehicles. Effective April 2021, the government s procurement policy is to prioritize the purchase of electric or hybrid vehicles, where possible.

Question: Are there any Economic benefits?
Answer: A more efficient, reliable, affordable and resilient transportation system represents a substantial commitment to climate action with important impacts for the entire Barbadian economy, improving its competitiveness and productivity, reducing costs, and impacting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Country: Zimbabwe
Document: Updated NDC

• Increased composting and waste-to-energy processing will result in employment creation and reduced pollution to soil and water bodies. 25 Global GHG emissions including land-use change in 2017 were 53.5 GtCO eq (UN Environment Emissions Gap Report 2018), Zimbabwe total GHG emissions of 37.98 MtCO eq taken from LEAP modelling.Zimbabwe Revised Nationally Determined Contribution 2021 23 • Increased energy efficiency, reduced transmission and distribution losses and increased electricity supply from solar and waste-to-energy projects will reduce supply constraints and reliance on climate-sensitive hydropower. • Improved fuel efficiency will lead to reduced fuel imports, improving Zimbabwe’s balance of trade and macroeconomic stability. • Increased public transport will lead to increased mobility for low-income populations. Zimbabwe is determined to ensure a just transition to a climate resilient, low carbon economy.

Question: Are there any Economic benefits?
Answer: Improved fuel efficiency will lead to reduced fuel imports, improving Zimbabwe’s balance of trade and macroeconomic stability.
Country: Nepal
Document: LTS

Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role. Moreover, easy access to technology transfer and its affordability will be key incentives in the implementation of long-term strategies. Some technologies will be homegrown for the energy and transport sector, agriculture, IPPU, and waster sector while many will need to be imported. Finance: The cost of achieving unconditional targets outlined in the NDC is estimated to be USD 25 million. This estimate only covers activity-based targets and does not include the cost of policies, measures, and actions. The cost of achieving the adaptation component will be detailed in the upcoming NAP.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role. Moreover, easy access to technology transfer and its affordability will be key incentives in the implementation of long-term strategies. Some technologies will be homegrown for the energy and transport sector, agriculture, IPPU, and waster sector while many will need to be imported.
Country: Thailand
Document: LTS

Research development and deployment (RD &D) in the following priority areas: Energy and transport sector • Renewable energy technologies (such as solar, wind) and approaches in advanced energy storage system (EES) and demand-side management. • Carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in power plant and industries • Bio-energy with CCS • Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures • Grid Modernization, smart energy management and Independent Power Supply (IPS) • Other technologies related to carbon neutrality (Hydrogen, Bio-hydrogenated diesel (BHD)Other sectors • Smart energy management in the industrial sector • Waste-to-energy technologies in the waste sector reduction technologies in agriculture such as enteric fermentation and manure management and rice cultivation.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures
Country: Thailand
Document: LTS

• Carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in power plant and industries • Bio-energy with CCS • Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures • Grid Modernization, smart energy management and Independent Power Supply (IPS) • Other technologies related to carbon neutrality (Hydrogen, Bio-hydrogenated diesel (BHD)Other sectors • Smart energy management in the industrial sector • Waste-to-energy technologies in the waste sector reduction technologies in agriculture such as enteric fermentation and manure management and rice cultivation. Mechanisms and instruments • Financial instruments, incentives, mechanisms and approaches to engage the private sector in the shift to green investment. • Share knowledge and best practices on legal frameworks and modalities to support Thailand’s LEDS and NDC implementation.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Electric Vehicle (xEV), battery and Infrastructures
Country: South Sudan
Document: 2nd NDC

Apart from capacity-building needs, the Government of South Sudan has also identified areas where international technology transfer will be required for execution of mitigation and adaptation interventions. These include: • Renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies; • Access to climate information systems to carry out real time monitoring of hydrometeorological events and establish early warning systems; • Technologies that can be used for water recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management of water resources; • Availability of tools and methodologies to assess climate vulnerability, risks and impacts, and to identify adaptation options; • Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and • Technologies for the protection and development of climate-resilient infrastructure, especially for development of flood-proof infrastructure.146 Second Nationally Determined Contribution GENDER- RESPONSIVENESSNDC gender-responsiveness 147 NDC GENDER-RESPONSIVENESS Women play a vital role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, given their significant involvement in climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry and health.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and
Country: South Sudan
Document: 2nd NDC

These include: • Renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies; • Access to climate information systems to carry out real time monitoring of hydrometeorological events and establish early warning systems; • Technologies that can be used for water recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management of water resources; • Availability of tools and methodologies to assess climate vulnerability, risks and impacts, and to identify adaptation options; • Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and • Technologies for the protection and development of climate-resilient infrastructure, especially for development of flood-proof infrastructure.146 Second Nationally Determined Contribution GENDER- RESPONSIVENESSNDC gender-responsiveness 147 NDC GENDER-RESPONSIVENESS Women play a vital role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, given their significant involvement in climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, forestry and health. Women’s traditional and local knowledge on the use and sustainable management of natural resources is a valuable resource, especially when it comes to adaptation planning.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse impacts of climate change, particularly roads and large-scale transportation of goods; and
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

¯ Pour le secteur Ressources en eau : 1) mini-adduction d’eau potable, 2) réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface et 3) drainage gravitaire des eaux de pluies. Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

Le tableau 17 résume les coûts des besoins issus de cette évaluation.Tableau 17: Coûts de transfert de technologie Secteurs Mesure technologique proposée Investisseme nt (en millions de $) Coût de mise en œuvre ( Total (en millions de $) ENERGIE Mise en œuvre du Plan d’actions pour la technologie Centrale Hydroélectrique de grande puissance (CHGP) Plan d’actions pour la technologie solaire photovoltaïque (PV) raccordé au réseau (SPRR) Plan d’actions pour la technologie Petite ou Mini centrale hydroélectrique (PMCH) TRANSPORT Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers AGRICULTURE Plan d’actions pour la technologie Aménagement des Terres Agricoles (ATA) 2,818 0,4227 3,2407 Plan d’actions de la technologie Système Intégré de production agricole (SIPA) 2,284 0,3426 2,6266 Plan d’actions de la technologie de l Agriculture de contre saison (ACS) 26,442 3,9663 30,4083 RESSOURCES EN EAU Plan d’actions pour la technologie des Mini-adduction d’eau potable 1,348 0,2022 1,5502 Plan d’actions technologiques pour la technologie réhabilitation des retenues d’eau de surface Plan d’actions technologiques pour le drainage gravitaire des eaux pluviales 1,066 0,1599 1,2259 Source : Projet d’appui aux CDN, septembre 2021Le coût total estimé dans le plan d’action EBT est de 57 ,812 millions de dollars. Il faut souligner que pour des raisons d’inflation et de coût de mise en œuvre, ce montant sera majoré de 15% du capital.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Plan d’actions pour la technologie amélioration des infrastructures routières décongestionnant les centres urbains (AIRDCU) Plan d’actions pour la technologie développement de transport en commun par le bus (DTCB) Plan d’actions pour la technologie mise en place de normes pour les moyens de transports routiers
Country: Tonga
Document: 2nd NDC

Establishing mandatory standards and priceMitigation incentives will require public acceptance as both will likely have an impact on vehicle prices and/or vehicle size. Third, limiting growth in grid-connected residential electricity end-use to 1% per year on average for the period 2021-2030 may be achieved by adopting minimum energy performance standards for appliances, lighting, and electrical equipment. The successful adoption of energy performance standards will require public acceptance as their introduction will likely increase purchasing prices, though possibly reducing electricity costs. For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required. 3.2 Industrial processes and product use (IPPU) Sector Tonga does not have any target to reduce GHG emissions from IPPU for two reasons.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: For both vehicle and appliance standards and incentives, technology transfer, capacity building and external financial support may be required.
Country: Costa Rica
Document: 1st NDC

PLANNING PROCESS As a pioneer country in the search for alternative ways for decarbonizing the economy, Costa Rica has a range of political instruments, both in mitigation and adaptation. In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency. In adaptation, two approaches were proposed, the adaptive co-management at the watershed level and detailed (sub-national) climate change scenarios. One of the approaches proposed with impacts both in mitigation and adaptation: Sustainable Agricultural Production.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: In 2011, Costa Rica presented its Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) which posted a strategy for technological transfer and access to support greenhouse gas mitigation (GHG), and reduce vulnerability to adverse effects of climate change. In this evaluation, the following sectors and climate actions where prioritized: Public Transportation Integration and Decongestion, and Energy Conservation and Efficiency
Country: South Sudan
Document: 1st NDC

Water technologies for water savings, recycling, harvesting, irrigation and sustainable management for agricultural purposes. iv. Availability of methods and tools to assess climate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in specific sectors and regions. v. Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and large-scale transportation of goods. Technologies for the protection of infrastructure, particularly infrastructure in flood-prone areas. 39. Capacity building of this nature would require cooperation between developed countries and developing countries as well as south-south cooperation. This international support would facilitate the development of South Sudan’s own technologies as well as enable technology transfer and innovation to increase adaptive capacity within the country. 40. Capacity-building priorities relate largely to planning and implementation of climate change actions at all levels, i.e.

Question: What technology transfer activities are planned
Answer: Transportation technologies that are resilient to the adverse effects of climate change in particular for roads and large-scale transportation of goods. Technologies for the protection of infrastructure, particularly infrastructure in flood-prone areas
Country: Nepal
Document: LTS

GESI and Leave no One behind (LNOB): Include the principles of equity, ensuring equal access to women, children, youth, indigenous people, disabled people; lesbian, gay, bisexual transgender and queer (LGBTQ), and marginalized groups during participation, decision- making, and benefit-sharing from LTS implementation. 3.2. Means of implementation Capacity building: Based on the draft capacity need assessment for the NDC, capacity will be built for (i) institutional capacity for governance and coordination; (ii) technical capacity, including sectoral expertise; (iii) relational capacity to build partnerships and invest time in processes; and (iv) strategic capacity for systemic policy design and implementation. Technology transfer: To meet Nepal’s aspirations to be carbon neutral by or before 2045, technology transfer will play a primary role.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: Capacity building: Based on the draft capacity need assessment for the NDC, capacity will be built for (i) institutional capacity for governance and coordination; (ii) technical capacity, including sectoral expertise; (iii) relational capacity to build partnerships and invest time in processes; and (iv) strategic capacity for systemic policy design and implementation.
Country: Cambodia
Document: LTS

Provision of incentives or tax benefits for starting regional organic fertilizer plants. Special provisions and tax benefits for organic fertilizer used by food manufacturers. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesCambodia’s Long-Term Strategy for Carbon Neutrality 19 Major challenges and barriers Transformation needed Required transformative policy measures and capacity Responsible actors and maintenance infrastructure. alternative fuels uptake. Implementation of a charging station network for electric vehicles. Implementation of a CNG/LNG fueling network for trucks that cannot move to electric vehicles. Grid reinforcements and modernization to accommodate electric vehicle loads. Development of competencies and market offerings for vehicle maintenance and distribution. Study of hydrogen or other zero-carbon fuels as long-term alternatives to natural gas for the trucking sector. Ministry of Industry, Science, Technology and Innovation Electricite du Cambodge Private sector Development of collective transportation and a sustainable transportation economy. Planning and financing for public transportation and passenger and freight rail expansions. New transportation paradigms, encompassing new technologies, innovative modes of travel organization and behaviour changes. Reinforcement of transportation management competencies in urban municipalities and/or selection of operators.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: Development of collective transportation and a sustainable transportation economy
Country: China
Document: 1st NDC

China is accelerating the implementation of the National Strategy for Climate Adaptation, and improving its capacity to respond to extreme climatic events and making positive progress in key areas of climate change adaptation. Capacity building on combating climate change is further strengthened. Supports in terms of science and technology are further enhanced by implementing Chinaâs Science and Technology Actions on Climate Change. Looking into the future, China has defined as its strategic goals to complete the construction of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way by 2020 and to create a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country by the middle of this century.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: Capacity building on combating climate change is further strengthened
Country: Liberia
Document: 1st NDC

Mainstream climate change into existing transport management plan to strengthen emission control. 2. Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services; developing technical and safety standards and the enforcement of policies including emission control. 3. Improve the quality and reliability of transport infrastructure and services. 4. Develop emission reduction and tracking system of pollutants from vehicles. 5. Blend up to 5% of palm oil biodiesel with both gasoline and diesel by 2030 for vehicles.II. ADAPTATION Impacts and Vulnerability Vulnerability and adaptation assessments conducted have revealed that Liberia is faced with climate change and variability leading to extreme events, which have negative impact on agriculture, forestry, health, energy and other sectors. Climate change impacts are marked by irregular patterns of rainfall, flooding, high temperature, and coastal erosion.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: Strengthen institutional capacity for developing strategies for integrated transport services; developing technical and safety standards and the enforcement of policies including emission control
Country: Rwanda
Document: Updated NDC

8.2 Capacity Building and technology transfer Under the Paris Agreement, developed countries have also committed to provide technology transfer and capacity building to developing countries. Many developing countries will require enhanced capacities to effectively track inflows of bilateral and multilateral resources and support and identify pending gaps and needs.UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION It is critical that the Paris Agreement’s capacity building provisions are implemented successfully. Technology transfer and capacity building will be required to fully implement Rwanda’s mitigation and adaptation contributions. Specific national needs relating to mitigation include: • Access to and overcoming barriers to the diffusion of appropriate clean technologies; • Building climate information systems; • Promotion of renewable energies and energy efficiency, including the involvement of the private sector; • Setting up of public-private partnerships.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: Technology transfer and capacity building will be required to fully implement Rwanda’s mitigation and adaptation contributions
Country: Saint Kitts and Nevis
Document: Updated NDC

This revised and strengthened NDC pledges a significantly more ambitious mitigation target of reducing economy-wide CO2 emissions by 61% by 2030, compared to the base year 2010, conditional upon adequate access to resources including climate finance as well as capacity building support. This will be achieved by switching to 100% renewable energy in electricity generation and increasing the share of electric vehicles in the vehicle fleet to at least 2%. Additionally, St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector.

Question: What capacity building activities are planned?
Answer: St. Kitts and Nevis seeks financial and capacity building support to develop the necessary charging infrastructure and training programs to enable swift decarbonization of the transport sector