alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Uganda
Document: Updated NDC

16 Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA). (2018). Multi-Modal Urban Transport Master Plan for Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA): Final Report. Section C-3. 17 Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA). (2018). Multi-Modal Urban Transport Master Plan for Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA): Final Report. Section C-5. 18 Four corridors identified in the MMUTMP. Section 10.5.Mitigation Measure BAU NDC Scenario Details Minimal policies to encourage mass transit uptake over private vehicles. and encourage a shift to public transport, walking, and cycling. Including parking management and secure cycle parking. LRT – Light Rail Transit Rail: Historical growth rate continues across period. 12% fuel economy improvement of diesel locomotives achieved in 2030 relative to 2015. Minimal policies to encourage mass transit uptake over private vehicles. Implement 100 km of fully electrified passenger LRT rail by 2040.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: LRT – Light Rail Transit
Country: Equatorial Guinea
Document: Updated NDC

Apuesta por las opciones de energía eólica, solar y/o mareomotriz para las islas remotas del país (Annobón, Corisco y otras) Al menos generar 5 MW de energía renovable en la isla de Annobón al año 2030 1.5. Adoptar la normativa internacional de límites de emisiones de vehículos en ITV y que permita la importación de vehículos de menos de 7 años Un decreto presidencial promulgado MIE 50.000 0 1.6. Crear mecanismo de precios al carbono: Asignación de un valor a la combustión de la tonelada de CO2, producto de la imposición de un impuesto con el que se gravan los combustibles líquidos Un decreto presidencial promulgado MAGBOMA 50.000 0 1.7. Adquisición y construcción del uso de autobuses y estaciones del transporte colectivo urbano e interurbano para la reducción de emisiones debidas a la proliferación de transporte individual.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Adquisición y construcción del uso de autobuses y estaciones del transporte colectivo urbano e interurbano para la reducción de emisiones debidas a la proliferación de transporte individual.
Country: Equatorial Guinea
Document: Updated NDC

Adquisición y construcción del uso de autobuses y estaciones del transporte colectivo urbano e interurbano para la reducción de emisiones debidas a la proliferación de transporte individual. Al menos adquirir 100 autobuses eléctricos para el ámbito nacional Al menos 8 estaciones de cargas de baterías y otros usos construidos 1.8. Aplicar la eficiencia energética e inteligente en el país Para el año 2050, se ha instalado el 100% de la iluminación LED en todos los edificios administrativos, sedes de empresas privadas y alumbrado público de todo el país. 1.9. Promover reuniones virtuales para evitar desplazamientos y uso de taxis y viajes aéreos Al menos 500 reuniones virtuales institucionales al año en todos los sectores 1.10.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Adquisición y construcción del uso de autobuses y estaciones del transporte colectivo urbano e interurbano para la reducción de emisiones debidas a la proliferación de transporte individual.
Country: Bhutan
Document: 1st NDC

Sustainable forest management and conservation of biodiversity to ensure sustained environmental services through: • Sustainable management of forest management units (FMUs), protected areas, community forests, forest areas outside FMUs, and private forests • Enhancing forest information and monitoring infrastructure through national forest inventories and carbon stock assessments • Forest fire management and rehabilitation of degraded and barren forest lands 2. Promotion of low carbon transport system by: • Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transport• Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways • Improving efficiency in freight transport • Promoting non‐motorized transport and non‐fossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles • Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building • Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Improving mass transit
Country: Bhutan
Document: 1st NDC

Promotion of low carbon transport system by: • Improving mass transit and demand side management of personal modes of transport• Exploring alternative modes of transport to road transport such as rail, water and gravity ropeways • Improving efficiency in freight transport • Promoting non‐motorized transport and non‐fossil fuel powered transport such as electric and fuel cell vehicles • Improving efficiency and emissions from existing vehicles through standards and capacity building • Promoting use of appropriate intelligent transport systems 3. Minimize GHG emission through application of zero waste concept and sustainable waste management practices: • Enhancement of the three R principles including the conversion of waste to resources • Improving the current system and infrastructure for waste management 4.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Improving mass transit
Country: Israel
Document: 1st NDC

At the same time, removal of obstacles to implementation was examined. Based on the comprehensive work and findings of the committee, a national emissions reduction target for Israel was formulated and is expected to yield significant benefits to the economy. Submitted jointly to the government by the Ministers of Environmental Protection, Finance and National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources the target was approved and includes sector specific targets: Energy efficiency - 17% reduction in electricity consumption relative to BAU scenario in 2030 Renewable energy – 17% of the electricity generated in 2030 will be from renewable sources Public transport – 20% shift from private to public transportation.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: 20% shift from private to public transport
Country: Israel
Document: 1st NDC

Submitted jointly to the government by the Ministers of Environmental Protection, Finance and National Infrastructures, Energy and Water Resources the target was approved and includes sector specific targets: Energy efficiency - 17% reduction in electricity consumption relative to BAU scenario in 2030 Renewable energy – 17% of the electricity generated in 2030 will be from renewable sources Public transport – 20% shift from private to public transportation. Future development The government decision for the national target stipulates that within 45 days of approval, the relevant ministries are to submit to the government an outline of economy wide measures to be taken.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: 20% shift from private to public transport
Country: Lesotho
Document: 1st NDC

Road transport emissions increased by approximately 2.5% per year between 2000 and 2009. Consumption of petrol and diesel by road transport produced a total of 0.28 MtCO2 eq in 2009. The main contributors were freight transport at 0.18 MtCO2 eq (64%) and passengers transport at 0.10MtCO2 eq (36%). In 2000 road transport contributed 29% to total energy emissions and 8.99% of the total GHG emissions. In 2014, Lesotho imported 225.3 million litres of refined oil products (diesel, petrol and paraffin). Emissions from combustion of 225 million litres of diesel (or petrol) are about 90,000 tCO2 e/year. The most promising transport mitigation options are vehicle efficiency, modal shift from private to public transportation, investments in fuel-efficient vehicles. These measures will need to be driven by policies and must be enforced.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: modal shift from private to public transport
Country: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Document: 1st NDC

Planned measures in this sector include the retrofitting of street lighting nationally, a new building code and an energy labelling scheme for appliances. iii. Transport: new policies to reduce the import duty paid on low emission vehicles are in the process of being introduced to encourage their use. It is estimated that this will result in avoided emissions of approximately 10% over the next 10 years10. Significant potential for greater reductions (e.g. improved public transport) is achievable if international finance can be made available, however this needs further analysis to quantify the reduction potential and support required and consequently these measures have not been included in the economy-wide contribution at this stage.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Significant potential for greater reductions (e.g. improved public transport) is achievable if international finance can be made available
Country: Thailand
Document: 1st NDC

Ambitious targets are defined in the Power Development Plan (PDP), the Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) and the Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP). For example, the PDP sets a target to achieve a 20% share of power generation from renewable sources in 2036. The AEDP aims to achieve a 30% share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption in 2036. The EEP plans to reduce the country’s energy intensity by 30% below the 2010 level in 2036. The Environmentally Sustainable Transport System Plan also proposes ambitious actions to promote road-to-rail modal shift for both freight and passenger transport, which include extensions of mass rapid transit lines, construction of double-track railways and improvement of bus transit in the Bangkok Metro areas.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: improvement of bus transit in the Bangkok Metro area
Country: Thailand
Document: 1st NDC

The Environmentally Sustainable Transport System Plan also proposes ambitious actions to promote road-to-rail modal shift for both freight and passenger transport, which include extensions of mass rapid transit lines, construction of double-track railways and improvement of bus transit in the Bangkok Metro areas. A vehicle tax scheme based on CO2 emission was also approved and will become effective beginning 2016. In addition, just last year the Government adopted the Waste Management Roadmap, aiming towards more efficient and sustainable waste management and promotion of power generation from waste-to-energy technologies. The roadmap can contribute tremendous environmental benefits in terms of GHG emission and pollution reduction. Currently, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment is also studying the potential to reduce carbon emission in the forest sector through the REDD+ Readiness.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: improvement of bus transit in the Bangkok Metro area
Country: Mexico
Document: Updated NDC

Nuestro NDC contiene una ambición ampliada en el sector transporte, tras los compromisos establecidos en la COP 26, en Glasgow, en la que México acelerará esfuerzos, en coordinación con el sector privado y las ciudades del país, para la movilidad eléctrica. En ese sentido, México trabaja en la consolidación de una Estrategia Nacional de Movilidad Eléctrica para lograr estos objetivos y para implementar mecanismos justos y seguros, además de promover primordialmente la transformación en el transporte público, puesto que es el sector con mayor impacto social.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: promover primordialmente la transformación en el transporte público
Country: Mexico
Document: Updated NDC

En ese sentido, México trabaja en la consolidación de una Estrategia Nacional de Movilidad Eléctrica para lograr estos objetivos y para implementar mecanismos justos y seguros, además de promover primordialmente la transformación en el transporte público, puesto que es el sector con mayor impacto social. En adición, nuestro gobierno ha decretado el litio como un mineral estratégico, y ha establecido el organismo público descentralizado denominado Litio para México, cuyo objetivo es la exploración, explotación, beneficio y aprovechamiento del litio, ubicado en territorio nacional, así como la administración y control de las cadenas de valor económico de dicho mineral. Con ello se busca garantizar la soberanía energética de la Nación sobre el litio y demás minerales que resulten estratégicos y necesarios para la transición energética, la innovación tecnológica y el desarrollo nacional.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: promover primordialmente la transformación en el transporte público
Country: Mexico
Document: LTS

Appropriate financing schemes to promote Ecosystems and all species are conserved or used sustainably. Natural resources are economically valued and adequately managed Sufficient infrastructure exists for a sustainable and efficient water management Efficient use of water resources helps restoring ecological and physical functions of water bodies. Improving its natural capital enhances the economic and social development of the Water balance is ensured through sustainable and efficient use Conservation and sustainable ecosystems management improve climate resilience Local levels of resilience are adequate.Mexico’s Climate Change Mid-Century Strategy sustainable landscape planning are in place Technologies for local adaptation are used Mexico has zero percent rate of carbon loss in original ecosystems. country. Energy Clean technologies are deployed and start advancing the energy transition, with a goal of 35% of clean energy in the power sector Specific schemes are developed to incentivize clean energy, energy efficiency and saving, and sustainable public transportation, reducing our use of fossil fuels. At least 40% of electric power generation comes from clean energy resources. Power generation through clean sources creates jobs, including jobs for the vulnerable population.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Specific schemes are developed to incentivize clean energy, energy efficiency and saving, and sustainable public transportation, reducing our use of fossil fuels.
Country: Rwanda
Document: 1st NDC

Further to this, indoor airpollution will be reduced and quality of life improved. Revenues will also increase as a result of 13 Compact fluorescent lightsRwanda INDCs - November 2015 - Page 17 of 24 continued population growth and urbanisation , this consumption will exceed 2030 under the business as usual scenario. installation of 35 biogas digesters institutional biogas digesters annually, and increasing average charcoal yields up to 50% by 2030. In addition, Rwanda will enhance the use of LPG14 through tax reductions on importations. energy savings. Transport Programme of action Actions Description and targets Adaptation benefits Baseline scenario Mitigation scenario resilient transport system 4.1 Bus Promotion of public transport, improvement of transport infrastructure, setting vehicles’ emission standards and regulations and integrated national transportation planning The Rwandan transport sector is experiencing a rapid growth of vihicles population and an increase in light duty vehicles equipped with way catalytic converters. It is expected that under the busines as usual scenario, the annual increase in population vehicles will reach A high rate increase in population of vehicles and light duty vehicles would lead to the high GHG emission scenarios in the future as explained in the BAU.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: Promotion of public transport
Country: Andorra
Document: LTS

and, secondly, electric motorised mobility without a source of GHG emissions. With the aim of reducing the consumption of fossil fuels in transport, it will be necessary to study alternative means of transport (e.g. cable transport) interoperable with each other and accessible in terms of mobility and economic competitiveness. In addition, according to the Litecc, the administrations, public entities and companies with more than one hundred workers must have a sustainable mobility plan for their workers, according to the hierarchical criteria mentioned above. These plans should evaluate the possibility of reducing travel by means of reorganisation and changes in operation such as teleworking.

Question: What changes are considered for transport demand management?
Answer: In addition, according to the Litecc, the administrations, public entities and companies with more than one hundred workers must have a sustainable mobility plan for their workers, according to the hierarchical criteria mentioned above.
Country: Mexico
Document: LTS

The regulatory entity will optimize transportation systems to reduce travel times and distances. M3.5 To encourage programs which reduce the need for transportation, such as: telework, housing exchange or leasing to bring people closer to their academic or work placess, collective transportation services for companies, and flexible work schedules. To accomplish this, Mexico will diversify and prioritize urban services and equipment in areas with mixed—use development. M3.6 To promote efficient and low-emission transportation systems, and to modify the regulatory and pricing framework in order to foster reinvestment and continuous improvement. M3.7 To generate incentives, infrastructure, and programs for non-motorized transportation as part of integrated transportation systems in which the pedestrian and the cyclist are given priority. This will create immediate environmental and health benefits.

Question: What changes are considered for transport demand management?
Answer: To encourage programs which reduce the need for transportation, such as: telework, housing exchange or leasing to bring people closer to their academic or work placess, collective transportation services for companies, and flexible work schedules. To accomplish this, Mexico will diversify and prioritize urban services and equipment in areas with mixed—use development
Country: Andorra
Document: LTS

Similarly, the possibility of modifying the urban planning regulations governing public car parks must be studied to increase the degree of demand for the availability of spaces for new constructions, in keeping with the aim of introducing electric vehicles. With regard to the Administration’s fleet of vehicles, care must be taken to ensure that 100% of the cars purchased are EVs or ones that don’t produce GHG emissions, with the exception of those that cannot be adapted due to service safety requirements. This criterion must be included in any new contractual specifications for this type of product.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: With regard to the Administration’s fleet of vehicles, care must be taken to ensure that 100% of the cars purchased are EVs or ones that don’t produce GHG emissions, with the exception of those that cannot be adapted due to service safety requirements
Country: Costa Rica
Document: LTS

Activities 2.1.1 To publish a National Electric Transportation Plan and generate complementary regulations (guidelines, regulations and standards) to operationalize Law 9518 on incentives and promotion of the electric transport. • To progress on regulations prohibiting the importation of light- duty vehicles that use fossil fuels. 2.1.2 To promote the implementation of the Sectoral Agreement on Emissions Reduction in the Transport Sector. 2.1.3 To implement transition plans for zero-emissions transport in institutional fleets. • To adjust state procurement schemes. • To implement pilot programs to change institutional fleets. • To consolidate transformation program of commercial fleets in pilot sectors, e.g. : Tourism. 2.1.4 To consolidate programs for the repair and maintenance of zero- emissions vehicles. • To expand the INA capacity building programs in repair and maintenance of electric vehicles.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: To implement transition plans for zero-emissions transport in institutional fleets.
Country: Malta
Document: LTS

Estimated emission reductions Under the LCDS, a package of measures is assumed to be put in place to support a more significant shift away from private car use in Malta, alongside further measures to support a faster transition to electric vehicles (EVs). The LCDS, in line with the NECP and transport strategies currently in place, considers the following measures:  Support for the electrification transition: this is further supported by strengthening the grant scheme currently in place to incentivise the purchase of EVs and plug-in hybrid vehicles  The installation of an extended network of EV charging points  Electrification of government fleet, with government leading by example Electrification of scheduled public transport buses  Support to drive a significant further increase in public transport usage: this is assumed to arise from a suite of measures, including the extension of free public transport services, and improvements in public transport services  Support for active transport: sustained investment taking place throughout the strategy period in infrastructure to support cycling (e.g.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Electrification of government fleet, with government leading by example
Country: Malta
Document: LTS

The LCDS, in line with the NECP and transport strategies currently in place, considers the following measures:  Support for the electrification transition: this is further supported by strengthening the grant scheme currently in place to incentivise the purchase of EVs and plug-in hybrid vehicles  The installation of an extended network of EV charging points  Electrification of government fleet, with government leading by example Electrification of scheduled public transport buses  Support to drive a significant further increase in public transport usage: this is assumed to arise from a suite of measures, including the extension of free public transport services, and improvements in public transport services  Support for active transport: sustained investment taking place throughout the strategy period in infrastructure to support cycling (e.g. bikes, e-bikes, pedelecs) and walking.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Electrification of government fleet, with government leading by example
Country: Republic of Korea
Document: LTS

As one of the world’s major car manufacturing countries, Korea is striving to be agile in responding to future demand and cutting GHG emissions from the transportation sector. Aiming at the world’s most competitive future mobility industry by 2030, we are intensively investing in technology innovations in green vehicle production while coming up with various incentive programs to boost domestic demands for eco-friendly vehicles. The environment-friendly vehicle deployment target scheme requires automakers to produce and sell a certain percentage (15% in 2020) of eco-friendly vehicles of their new car sales. From 2020, the public sector can purchase eco-friendly vehicles only. We are providing eco-friendly vehicle subsidies for different type of vehicles ranging from passenger cars, to buses, trucks, and two-wheelers.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: From 2020, the public sector can purchase eco-friendly vehicles only.