Country: Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Document: 1st NDC

1) Strengthen the national framework on climate change - Strengthen laws and regulations on climate change - Formulate and implement the national strategy on climate change - Integrate climate-change-related objectives into the national economic and social development plans - Develop the national GHG inventory system - Establish systems for measuring, reporting and verification at the national and sectoral levels in order to monitor and supervise GHG emissions activities - Formulate long-term, low GHG emissions development strategy 2) Improve energy use efficiency and reduce energy consumption - Encourage the use of energy efficient appliances in the residential sector - Conserve firewood in residential sector - Reduce electric power consumption for irrigation water pumping by effective water resource management plans - Improve the energy efficiency of technologies and processes in industrial sector - Establish and improve standards on energy consumption of major technologies and products - Improve the fuel-economics of the vehicles - Restrict excessive use of the private transportation by the permitting system of car service by day of the week and a day’s interval - Expand and encourage public transport facilities 3) Improve energy efficiency and encourage the use of alternative energy in electric power industry - Increase electric power generating efficiency in the existing coal-fired power plants - Construct eco-friendly large, medium and small scale hydro power station, and improve electric power generating efficiency in hydro power stations - Strengthen the national integrated electric power management system - Complete the flexible electric power transmission system - Introduce ultra-high tension transmission technologiesIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Page 8 - Build nuclear power stations 4) Scale up the utilization of renewable energy development - Build and scale up the power plants based on renewable energy resources - Generalize off-grid power generating system based on the renewable energy - Disseminate the technologies for zero-energy, zero carbon architecture 5) Manage and develop forest in the sustainable manner - Modernize nurseries with the object of scientification, industrializing, intensifying, automatizing, mechanizing the production of young trees - Introduce advanced technologies for afforestation and reforestation - Introduce and scale up the technologies and methodologies for sustainable forest management including agroforestry 6) Introduce advanced technologies and methodologies for sustainable agricultural development - Conduct scientific research for and develop methodologies of GHG emission reduction in agriculture and livestock breeding - Widely introduce recycling technologies of agricultural residuals for the production of biogas and organic fertilizer 7) Introduce sustainable waste management system - Prepare waste management plans - Promote the reduction and recycling of waste - Building capacity for waste management and introduce technologies for the advanced waste management - Introduce methane recovery and destruction technologies from industrial waste 8) Raise public awareness and accelerate participatory process for responding climate change - Intensify the all-inclusive mass movement for planting trees such as the period of the spring and autumn general mobilization for land management and the Reforestation Day - Strengthen activities for energy conservation such as the May and October Electricity Saving Months - Reinforce afforestation activities of the Youth’s Forest and Children’s Union ForestIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Page 9 - Strengthen propagation campaign for public awareness and education of climate change mitigation - Encourage participation in mitigation of climate change 9) Enhance international cooperation for mitigation of climate change - Strengthen international cooperation for preparing and implementing climate policies and strategies - Reinforce joint research, sci-tech knowledge exchange and demonstration activities among scientific research institutions, within the framework of international technical mechanism, for the purpose of promoting climate-related technology dissemination - Intensify international cooperation for capacity building and knowledge experience of the experts in the fields of responding climate change 10) Increase financial support for mitigation measures - To further increase budgetary support to mitigation measures - To actively innovate the application of funds and explore new investment and financing mechanisms for low-carbon development Particularly, a high priority is attached to the following measures with great mitigation potential in implementing conditional contributions to the mitigation of climate change. № Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 1 To reduce power transmission and distribution losses to 6% 2 To build 2 000MW nuclear power station 3 To install a total of 1 000MW grid connected solar PV systems To build a total of 500MW West Sea off –shore wind farms at the Korean West Sea 5 To build a total of 500MW on-shore wind farms To use energy-efficient air conditioners and heat pumps instead of coal-fired space heating at households and offices To use biogas from livestock manure and domestic sewage instead of coal or firewood for cooking 8 To replace coal use for hot water with solar hot water system at households To replace conventional wood stoves for cooking with efficient wood stoves at rural householdsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Page 10 № Mitigation measures prioritized for conditional contribution 10 To build the rice husk cogeneration plants To building centralized compositing facilities to collect and treat municipal solid waste To replace the old subcritical coal power stations with ultra-supercritical coal power stations To increase additives (blast furnace slag or fly ash) from 15% to 50% in blended cement 14 To build biogas plants treating municipal solid waste To replace conventional coal stoves for cooking with efficient electric cookers at the households To reduce 25% of energy consumption in industry through technical modernization by 2030 17 To replace tunnel brick kilns with vertical shaft brick kilns 18 To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities 19 To scale up agroforestry and sustainable forest management 2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the GHG mitigation component to achieve mitigation goals formulated in the INDC will be reflected in the National Communications and Biennial Updated Reports submitted to the UNFCCC.Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Page 11 3.

Question: How public transports will be made more attractive?
Answer: To introduce the Bus Rapid Transit systems in large cities