alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

L’incidence de pauvreté calculée sur cette nouvelle base est de 45,5% au niveau national. L’Indice de développement humain (IDH) du Togo est passé de 0,426 en 2000 à 0,484 en 2014 puis 0,484 en 2015, ce qui place aujourd hui le pays au 162ème rang, sur les 188 pays disposant de données comparables. Plaçant l émergence au cœur de son ambition, le Togo a réalisé des avancées remarquables lors des 10 dernières années et s est fixé des objectifs de croissance économique et de développement social et humain élevés pour les années à venir. La panddémie mondiale due à la Covid-19 est un choc sans précédent qui aura des répercussions importantes pour l’Afrique et particulièrement pour le Togo.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: La panddémie mondiale due à la Covid-19 est un choc sans précédent qui aura des répercussions importantes pour l’Afrique et particulièrement pour le Togo.
Country: Togo
Document: Updated NDC

La panddémie mondiale due à la Covid-19 est un choc sans précédent qui aura des répercussions importantes pour l’Afrique et particulièrement pour le Togo. Toutefois, le Togo souhaite donner une impulsion nouvelle à son économie et à sa société sous la forme d’un plan stratégique concret. Aussi, le gouvernement s’est-il défini une feuille de route lancée en octobre 2020 pour l’horlizon 2025.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: La panddémie mondiale due à la Covid-19 est un choc sans précédent qui aura des répercussions importantes pour l’Afrique et particulièrement pour le Togo.
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

Intense cyclones, as experienced in Tropical Cyclone (TC) Gita and TC Harold, substantially impact these sectors and the economy. In April 2020, TC Harold is estimated to have caused economic damage totalling 12% of GDP (World Bank, 2020), in addition to lives and livelihoods lost. The government of Tonga has successfully quarantined its population from COVID-19, with no cases recorded as of August 2021. However, the pandemic continues to threaten Tonga’s population, health and economic fortunes. The recovery of Tonga’s tourism sector, a substantial contributor to the economy before COVID-19, will be protracted as a consequence of border closures. Despite these challenges and uncertainties, Tonga continues to demonstrate ambitious mitigation commitments and action.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: The government of Tonga has successfully quarantined its population from COVID-19, with no cases recorded as of August 2021.
Country: Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Document: Updated NDC

COYUNTURA - COVID 19 A la situación nacional generada por la aplicación ilegal de las MCU, se suman los efectos producidos por la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia de la COVID-19, que demandan la adopción inmediata de medidas para la protección del pueblo venezolano. Como ha sido reconocido por la CEPAL (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe) la pandemia visibilizó los problemas estructurales del sistema del modelo económico, y las carencias del sistema de protección social en América Latina y el Caribe.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: A la situación nacional generada por la aplicación ilegal de las MCU, se suman los efectos producidos por la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia de la COVID-19, que demandan la adopción inmediata de medidas para la protección del pueblo venezolano. Como ha sido reconocido por la CEPAL (Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe) la pandemia visibilizó los problemas estructurales del sistema del modelo económico, y las carencias del sistema de protección social en América Latina y el Caribe.
Country: Zimbabwe
Document: Updated NDC

• Zimbabwe’s revised NDC target is a 40% per capita emissions reduction across all sectors of the economy below the projected business as usual scenario by 2030 (relative to the 2017 emission baseline). • The emissions baseline and expanded list of mitigation measures now cover all Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sectors namely Energy; Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU); Waste; and Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU). • The NDC revision process incorporated impacts of COVID-19 on emissions trends and macroeconomic parameters, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: The NDC revision process incorporated impacts of COVID-19 on emissions trends and macroeconomic parameters, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Country: Zimbabwe
Document: Updated NDC

• The NDC revision process incorporated impacts of COVID-19 on emissions trends and macroeconomic parameters, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP). • Compliance with the Revised NDC remains fully conditional on affordable international financial support, investment, technology development and transfer and capacity development.Zimbabwe Revised Nationally Determined Contribution 2021 2.1 National Context & Vision Zimbabwe’s updated NDC takes into account its low GHG emissions per capita and substantial vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. Zimbabwe is a small net emitter by global standards, responsible for 0.07%1 (2.5 tonnes CO eq emissions per capita; BUR1 2017) of global emissions.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: The NDC revision process incorporated impacts of COVID-19 on emissions trends and macroeconomic parameters, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Country: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Document: 2nd NDC

This NDC describes in a transparent and clear way the goals, programs and actions, the modalities and the implementation framework of the Bolivian commitments based on approaches that are not linked to markets but to the defense of the rights of Mother Earth. 2.4. COVID-19 and economic recovery At the end of 2019 and in 2020, the country faced a complex situation due to the impacts of a political crisis, which added to the COVID-19 pandemic, caused the national economy to accumulate a drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 8.33%, a situation that had a significant impact on social, economic, productive and employment indicators.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: At the end of 2019 and in 2020, the country faced a complex situation due to the impacts of a political crisis, which added to the COVID-19 pandemic, caused the national economy to accumulate a drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 8.33%, a situation that had a significant impact on social, economic, productive and employment indicators.
Country: Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Document: 2nd NDC

COVID-19 and economic recovery At the end of 2019 and in 2020, the country faced a complex situation due to the impacts of a political crisis, which added to the COVID-19 pandemic, caused the national economy to accumulate a drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 8.33%, a situation that had a significant impact on social, economic, productive and employment indicators. Thus, Bolivia was immersed in the double challenge of responding to the pandemic while at the same time carrying out a process of economic recovery. The country has great needs for continued financial support from international climate change mechanisms, technology transfer and innovation, and capacity development and strengthening to achieve its goals.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: At the end of 2019 and in 2020, the country faced a complex situation due to the impacts of a political crisis, which added to the COVID-19 pandemic, caused the national economy to accumulate a drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 8.33%, a situation that had a significant impact on social, economic, productive and employment indicators.
Country: New Zealand
Document: Updated NDC

The Government Investment in Decarbonising Industry Fund (GIDI) provides funding to support the adoption of energy efficiency and fuel switching to renewable technologies in industry, including electrification and bioenergy. It aims to accelerate industrial heat decarbonisation to catalyse adoption of low-emission technologies, and to contribute to the COVID-19 recovery. The Clean Car Discount will support New Zealanders to buy cleaner vehicles by addressing their high upfront cost through incentives. From 1 January 2022, a charge on high-emitting vehicles will apply at point of first registration in New Zealand, to discourage purchase. The Clean Car Standard will be implemented in 2022 and support a cleaner vehicle fleet by improving the efficiency of imported new and used light vehicles.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: The Government Investment in Decarbonising Industry Fund (GIDI) provides funding to support the adoption of energy efficiency and fuel switching to renewable technologies in industry, including electrification and bioenergy. It aims to accelerate industrial heat decarbonisation to catalyse adoption of low-emission technologies, and to contribute to the COVID-19 recovery
Country: Japan
Document: Updated NDC

Nonetheless, as a nation which underpins manufacturing in the world, Japan is ready to demonstrate its leadership for world-wide decarbonization by defining a top-level ambitious target befitting to a next growth strategy. In promoting implementation of global warming countermeasures, Japan aims to advancepolicy measures to contribute to integrated improvement in environment, economy and society, by utilizing local resources, technological innovation and ingenuity, which could also provide solutions for challenges including economic vitalization, job creation and region-specific problems in the country. In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.
Country: Japan
Document: Updated NDC

In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system. Based on the declaration for net-zero by 2050, Japan will strongly promote the “re-design” of its economy and society to make it sustainable and resilient, through accelerating the three types of transitions, namely towards “a decarbonized society,” “a circular economy” and “a decentralized society.” (b) Fairness considerations, including reflecting on equity. Japan’s target is highly transparent and concrete, as it has been drawn up by accumulating concrete policies and measures for major sectors with clear breakdowns.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.
Country: Japan
Document: Updated NDC

Nonetheless, as a nation which underpins manufacturing in the world, Japan is ready to demonstrate its leadership for world-wide decarbonization by defining a top-levelambitious target befitting to a next growth strategy. In promoting implementation of global warming countermeasures, Japan aims to advance policy measures to contribute to integrated improvement in environment, economy and society, by utilizing local resources, technological innovation and ingenuity, which could also provide solutions for challenges including economic vitalization, job creation and region-specific problems in the country. In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.
Country: Japan
Document: Updated NDC

In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system. Based on the declaration for net-zero by 2050, Japan will strongly promote the “re-design” of its economy and society to make it sustainable and resilient, through accelerating the three types of transitions, namely towards “a decarbonized society,” “a circular economy” and “a decentralized society.” (b) Fairness considerations, including reflecting on equity; Japan’s target is highly transparent and concrete, as it has been drawn up by accumulating concrete policies and measures for major sectors with clear breakdowns.

Question: How the COVID19 pandemic affected the NDC preparation?
Answer: In light of the recognition that we are living in a major turning point of the era, what is required is not to simply return to the world before the COVID-19 pandemic, but to realize a transformation to a sustainable and resilient social system.
Country: Australia
Document: Updated NDC

Historically over 70 percent of Australia’s bilateral and regional climate finance is focused on climate resilience and adaptation, reflecting key priorities for our region. Australia’s new National Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy sets out what the Australian Government will do to support efforts across all levels of government, business and the community, to better anticipate, manage and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The Strategy sets out three interlinked objectives to ensure Australians can better protect our natural assets, build community resilience and generate economic opportunities. The Strategy also sets the path to deeper cooperation with our Indo-Pacific and international partners, and the global community. By working together, we can share our expertise and experience to better target our investments and the maximise benefits.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Australia’s new National Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy sets out what the Australian Government will do to support efforts across all levels of government, business and the community, to better anticipate, manage and adapt to the impacts of climate change.
Country: Cabo Verde
Document: Updated NDC

and develop a policy framework and national action plan as a measure under the International Maritime Organisation. Encourage the international community to bring ocean transport decarbonisation technologies to scale; • By 2023, finalise a policy and targets on reducing GHG emissions in domestic maritime transport (passenger-, cargo- and tourist- vessels, ports, fuel storage, supply chains, logistics), based on a detailed feasibility assessment; • Electrify the vehicles fleet with a priority for public, collective, high-passenger load, duty and commercial vehicles over private, individual, low-passenger load vehicles, so as to make this mobility shift socially inclusive and create public adherence and local jobs; • By 2050, fully replace all residual thermal vehicles (gasoline/diesel) for Electric Vehicles (EV); • Implement the NAMA “Promotion of EV in Cabo Verde" and the Electric Mobility Action Plan involving: • By 2025, establish the procurement rules for the acquisition of 100% EV by institutional entities and have at least 50% of EV in the new acquisition of urban collective transport (see table 5 below); • Gradually install of a wide-reaching network of recharging stations, with priority to public, collective, grouped charging stations at bus/taxi/company stations benefiting the greatest number of users,Cabo Verde: 2020 Update to the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) complemented by private stations; starting in the main urban centers of Cabo Verde and along strategic road corridors; • By 2030, the national public recharge infrastructure is fully implemented; • By 2030, the public administration’s vehicle fleet is fully electrified.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: develop a policy framework and national action plan as a measure under the International Maritime Organisation. Encourage the international community to bring ocean transport decarbonisation technologies to scale
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

In the field of public transportation, it is necessary to decarbonize, and further promote, the use of public transportation which provides essential services as a means of transportation to support life and economic activities in local regions, in light of the fact that the situation surrounding public transportation has become more severe due to the impact of the COVID-19 infection. In this context, the Government will promote incorporating the consideration of environmental load reduction into regional public transportation plans based on the revised Regional Public Transportation Revitalization and Reconstruction Law (enacted in November 2020). In cooperation with urban development, it is necessary to promote the use of transportation systems with low CO2 emissions, such as LRT (Light Rail Transit23), BRT (Bus Rail Transit24), EV and FCV.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Regional Public Transportation Revitalization and Reconstruction Law (enacted in November 2020)
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

At the same time, based on Bicycle Use Promotion Act (Law No. 113 of 2016), which clearly states that the degree of dependence on automobiles in transportation should be reduced, it is necessary to promote the use of bicycles by increasing bicycle sharing for commuting purposes. In light of the fact that truck transportation accounts for approx. 80% of domestic freight transportation, and that CO2 emissions from trucks (total of commercial and private use) account for approx. 7% of Japan s total CO2 emissions, it is a challenge to improve the efficiency in freight transportation and to shift to the mode of transportation with a lower CO2 emission intensity. The shipping, aviation, and railway sectors account for approx.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: based on Bicycle Use Promotion Act (Law No. 113 of 2016), which clearly states that the degree of dependence on automobiles in transportation should be reduced, it is necessary to promote the use of bicycles by increasing bicycle sharing for commuting purposes.
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

In addition, based on the progress in the development and diffusion of technologies to reduce the price of hydrogen and synthetic fuels, etc., the Government will set a target for the diffusion of electrified vehicles in 2040.” In this context, in order to promote the spread of electrified vehicles, the Government will promote cost reduction and convenience improvement, including the use of fuel efficiency regulations and stable supply of inexpensive renewable energy, etc. In addition to measures for vehicles alone, it is important to organically link and integrate electrified vehicles with various social systems in local regions, in response to the electrification of vehicles and with a view to the transformation of the mobility society in 2050 as depicted in the Green Growth Strategy.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: with a view to the transformation of the mobility society in 2050 as depicted in the Green Growth Strategy
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

In addition to measures for vehicles alone, it is important to organically link and integrate electrified vehicles with various social systems in local regions, in response to the electrification of vehicles and with a view to the transformation of the mobility society in 2050 as depicted in the Green Growth Strategy. In the field of logistics, in order to cope with the shortage of human resource and to achieve both efficiency and productivity improvements and decarbonization, the Government will build a new mobility service through green logistics initiatives, such as realization of more efficient and energy-saving transportation in the entire supply chain, promotion of logistics DX28 using AI, IoT, etc.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: with a view to the transformation of the mobility society in 2050 as depicted in the Green Growth Strategy
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

The Government will also promote the lowcarbonization of logistics facilities, the practical application of drone logistics, and the further promotion of modal shift.- 43 - g. Decarbonization of railways In the railway sector, as energy-efficient rolling stocks, such as lightweight rolling stock and rolling stock equipped with VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency control) equipment33 , as well as advanced energy-saving devices, have been introduced, these efforts will be further continued. The Government will also promote the development of fuel-cell railway vehicles that use hydrogen as their fuel. At the same time, the Government will improve the introduction of solar power generation that utilizes railway facilities. h. Decarbonization of the shipping sector The Government will formulate a roadmap for promoting greener coastal shipping by the end of 2021 to achieve carbon neutrality.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The Government will formulate a roadmap for promoting greener coastal shipping by the end of 2021 to achieve carbon neutrality
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

h. Decarbonization of the shipping sector The Government will formulate a roadmap for promoting greener coastal shipping by the end of 2021 to achieve carbon neutrality. Based on the roadmap, the Government will promote developing and spreading greener ships to improve ship operation in cooperation with all stakeholders concerned such as shippers, and “visualize” energy efficiency and CO2 emission reduction performance of ships by the rating system for energy efficiency of coastal ships. At the same time, the Government will promote development, demonstration, and introduction of ships that contribute to the modernization of coastal shipping and the improvement of ship operation, utilizing innovative energy-saving technologies and digital technologies, including LNG-fueled ships34 and ships with hydrogen fuel systems or battery propulsion systems.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The Government will formulate a roadmap for promoting greener coastal shipping by the end of 2021 to achieve carbon neutrality