alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Removing tailpipe emissions from road transport is a clear priority and we must continue the progress we have made to date. We have expanded our commitments in this area and will set ambitious but achievable phase out dates for every type of road vehicle. Alongside the Transport Decarbonisation Plan, we published the 2035 Delivery Plan outlining the key timelines, milestones, and progress towards the Ten Point Plan commitment to accelerate the shift to zero emission vehicles. 4. There are now over 600,000 plug-in electric vehicles in the UK. In September 2021, more than one in five new cars sold had a plug. Additionally, more than 300 walking and cycling schemes have been delivered since 2020.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Alongside the Transport Decarbonisation Plan, we published the 2035 Delivery Plan outlining the key timelines, milestones, and progress towards the Ten Point Plan commitment to accelerate the shift to zero emission vehicles
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Additionally, more than 300 walking and cycling schemes have been delivered since 2020. For public transport, our National Bus Strategy for England, published in March, sets out a vision of a transformed bus industry and a green bus revolution. Rail is already the greenest form of motorised transport, with almost 38% of the network electrified and significantly more to come as set out in the Great British Railways White Paper in May. Chapter 3 – Reducing Emissions across the EconomyNet zero transition and economic opportunities Our 2050 vision and how we get there 5. Every place in the UK will have its own net zero emission transport network before 2050, serving the unique needs of its communities. Sustainability will be at the heart of levelling up.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: For public transport, our National Bus Strategy for England, published in March, sets out a vision of a transformed bus industry and a green bus revolution
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Additionally, more than 300 walking and cycling schemes have been delivered since 2020. For public transport, our National Bus Strategy for England, published in March, sets out a vision of a transformed bus industry and a green bus revolution. Rail is already the greenest form of motorised transport, with almost 38% of the network electrified and significantly more to come as set out in the Great British Railways White Paper in May. Chapter 3 – Reducing Emissions across the EconomyNet zero transition and economic opportunities Our 2050 vision and how we get there 5. Every place in the UK will have its own net zero emission transport network before 2050, serving the unique needs of its communities. Sustainability will be at the heart of levelling up.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Great British Railways White Paper in May
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

• UK aviation and shipping will achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Ahead of that, our domestic lead will act as a showcase to the world and bolster our call to action internationally, where cooperation and collaboration through the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), will continue to be vital to decarbonise these industries. • The Government has set CB6 to formally include the UK’s share of international aviation and shipping emissions, as recommended by the CCC, which allows these emissions to be accounted for within CB6. • We will address aviation emissions through new technology such as electric and hydrogen aircraft, the commercialisation of sustainable aviation fuels, increasing operational efficiencies, developing and implementing market-based measures and GHG removal methods, while influencing consumers to make more sustainable choices when flying.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The Government has set CB6 to formally include the UK’s share of international aviation and shipping emissions, as recommended by the CCC, which allows these emissions to be accounted for within CB6
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

The government launched the Green Jobs Taskforce, to advise the government, industry and the skills sector on the action required to deliver the jobs and skills required for the net zero transition. Our approach on green jobs and skills is set out in the Green Jobs, Skills and Industries chapter of the Net Zero Strategy. 13. Decarbonising transport will also help achieve other benefits: • It will improve health by removing a source of air pollution.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Our approach on green jobs and skills is set out in the Green Jobs, Skills and Industries chapter of the Net Zero Strategy
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

Hydrogen in a decarbonised transport system 50. We expanded the RTFO to incentivise the use of renewable hydrogen in maritime and rail in 2018. As set out clearly in the recent Hydrogen Strategy and Transport Decarbonisation Plan, hydrogen is likely to play a significant role in transport applications, particularly where energy density requirements or refuelling times make it the most suitable low carbon energy source. Our dedicated hydrogen R&D funding and support is focussed on heavier applications, such as rail, maritime, aviation and heavy road freight, where hydrogen offers in-use advantages and the largest global market potential. The government remains technology neutral and acknowledges that there will be other transport applications where hydrogen may be well suited, including the potential for hydrogen to be utilised within combustion engines, where it can be shown to produce zero harmful emissions at the tailpipe.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Hydrogen Strategy and Transport Decarbonisation Plan, hydrogen is likely to play a significant role in transport applications,
Country: United States of America
Document: LTS

Globally, this is the moment for all the world’s major economies to act to rapidly reduce emissions to meet ambitious 2030 NDC targets and to develop and communicate strategies to achieve ambitious 2050 net-zero goals.FOUR COMPONENTS OF U.S. REPORTING ON CLIMATE ACTIONS AND STRATEGY 1. The U.S. National Climate Strategy details how we will deliver our U.S. NDC for 2030 [2]. It focuses on the immediate policies and actions that will put America on track to reduce emissions by 50-52% below 2005 levels in 2030 and put in place the technology and infrastructure necessary to achieve net-zero emissions no later than 2050. 2.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The U.S. National Climate Strategy details how we will deliver our U.S. NDC for 2030
Country: Barbados
Document: 1st NDC

The MED has coordinative oversight of the NCCC and the implementation of the NCCPF. Barbados has a number of ongoing programmes that are addressing adaptation as a central theme within these key sectors: - Regional Monitoring and Evaluation System for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) in the Caribbean Tourism Sector; - Water Resource Management & Flood Resilience CCA Programme; - Coastal Risk Assessment Programme; - Piloting CCA to Protect human Health Project (Global Project by WHO/UNDP & GEF funded); 18 The global target to avoid 1.5°C of warming is 4.8 tCO2e per capita in 2030, assuming a global population of 8.2 billion ( and global 10_final_bh_may.pdf)”.- Water Sanitation & Systems Upgrade; Mitigation Barbados has formalised its commitment to the mitigation activities summarised above through the planning and implementation of various mitigation actions and other initiatives to reduce GHG emissions and green its economy, which include inter alia: - Formulation of NAMA at the national level, presenting a list of viable projects to reduce GHG emissions; - The Barbados component of the CHENACT project, associated with promoting energy-efficiency and renewable energy in the tourism industry for the country, has provided a CDM Program of Activities and is included in the draft energy sector NAMA; - National Sustainable Energy Policy and associated SEF providing top-down contributions for the energy and transport sectors; - Green Economy Scoping Study and related activities; - The CARICOM Declaration For Climate Action, calls for a legally binding commitment at COP21 for enhanced provisions for vulnerable countries and the adoption of the limiting of long-term the global average temperature increase to below 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels; - The BRIDGE19 in Sustainable Energy and Information and Communication Technologies project is focused on developing human capital, while encouraging gender equality, to meet the expected future demand for technicians, professionals and entrepreneurs in the sustainable energy and information and communication technology sectors; - The Resource Efficient Low Carbon and Circular Industrial Partnership Platform for Catalyzing Eco-Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Barbados (RECIPPEE-Barbados) is a new partnership between the GOB and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) which will help Barbados advance a number of its development priorities, including building a resource efficient green economy through inclusive and sustainable industrial development; - Major contributions by the private sector in installing solar PV and other renewable energy in response to global energy prices, declining renewable energy technology costs and government fiscal incentives.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: National Sustainable Energy Policy and associated SEF providing top-down contributions for the energy and transport sectors
Country: Barbados
Document: 1st NDC

Barbados has a number of ongoing programmes that are addressing adaptation as a central theme within these key sectors: - Regional Monitoring and Evaluation System for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) in the Caribbean Tourism Sector; - Water Resource Management & Flood Resilience CCA Programme; - Coastal Risk Assessment Programme; - Piloting CCA to Protect human Health Project (Global Project by WHO/UNDP & GEF funded); 18 The global target to avoid 1.5°C of warming is 4.8 tCO2e per capita in 2030, assuming a global population of 8.2 billion ( and global 10_final_bh_may.pdf)”.- Water Sanitation & Systems Upgrade; Mitigation Barbados has formalised its commitment to the mitigation activities summarised above through the planning and implementation of various mitigation actions and other initiatives to reduce GHG emissions and green its economy, which include inter alia: - Formulation of NAMA at the national level, presenting a list of viable projects to reduce GHG emissions; - The Barbados component of the CHENACT project, associated with promoting energy-efficiency and renewable energy in the tourism industry for the country, has provided a CDM Program of Activities and is included in the draft energy sector NAMA; - National Sustainable Energy Policy and associated SEF providing top-down contributions for the energy and transport sectors; - Green Economy Scoping Study and related activities; - The CARICOM Declaration For Climate Action, calls for a legally binding commitment at COP21 for enhanced provisions for vulnerable countries and the adoption of the limiting of long-term the global average temperature increase to below 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels; - The BRIDGE19 in Sustainable Energy and Information and Communication Technologies project is focused on developing human capital, while encouraging gender equality, to meet the expected future demand for technicians, professionals and entrepreneurs in the sustainable energy and information and communication technology sectors; - The Resource Efficient Low Carbon and Circular Industrial Partnership Platform for Catalyzing Eco-Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Barbados (RECIPPEE-Barbados) is a new partnership between the GOB and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) which will help Barbados advance a number of its development priorities, including building a resource efficient green economy through inclusive and sustainable industrial development; - Major contributions by the private sector in installing solar PV and other renewable energy in response to global energy prices, declining renewable energy technology costs and government fiscal incentives. To accompany all of these actions, GOB is also taking steps to put systems and processes in place to institutionalise a formal monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system to track national emissions and the impact of specific mitigation actions.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: National Sustainable Energy Policy and associated SEF providing top-down contributions for the energy and transport sectors
Country: Norway
Document: LTS

A few municipalities, including Hamar and the cities of Bergen and Oslo, have in addition established local carbon budgets, and municipal bodies report on progress towards targets. The Norwegian Environment Agency provides guidance, draws up greenhouse gas emission statistics for municipalities and counties, and has developed a tool for calculating the effects of different mitigation measures on emissions. The transport sector will be important in Norway’s transformation to a low-emission society. The white paper Norwegian National Transport Plan 2018–2029 (Meld. St. 33 (2016–2017)) sets out the financial framework for central government investments in the transport sector. It is intended to bring about reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector that are consistent with Norway’s transformation to a low-emission society, and to reduce other adverse environmental impacts.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The transport sector will be important in Norway’s transformation to a low-emission society. The white paper Norwegian National Transport Plan 2018–2029 (Meld. St. 33 (2016–2017)) sets out the financial framework for central government investments in the transport sector.
Country: Rwanda
Document: Updated NDC

Increased adaptative capacity as a result of increased off-farm business for rural community having access to electricity/ energy. UPDATED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONTransport Public transport infrastructure Wide range of measures including bus rapid transport (BRT) project, bus lanes, non-motorised transport lanes, and other modal shift projects contained in the Transport Sector Strategic Plan as part of the NST1. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA, CoK, transport operators) 50 million USD (but cost estimates are limited to bus mea- sures only). Increased resilience of transport infrastructure. Improved health and reduction of harmful pollutants, enhacing resilience of population to disease and adverse climate impacts. Electric vehicles (EVs) The e-mobility programme plans for the phased adoption of electric buses, passenger vehicles (cars) and motorocycles from 2020 onwards, resulting in displaced conventional vehicle sales, transport fuel imports and associated GHG emissions. MININFRA (RTDA, REMA, RURA CoK, transport operators) Total costs including EVs and charging infrastructure est.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Wide range of measures including bus rapid transport (BRT) project, bus lanes, non-motorised transport lanes, and other modal shift projects contained in the Transport Sector Strategic Plan as part of the NST1
Country: Samoa
Document: 2nd NDC

Samoa 2040 focuses on Samoa’s growth, particularly in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Other key documents include the Samoa Climate Change Policy 2020, the National Environment Sector Plan 2017-2021, the Energy Sector Plan 2017-2022 (2017), the Energy Management Act (2020), the Transport Sector Plan 2013-2018 (2013), and the Agriculture Sector Plan 2016-2020 (ASP), as well as the National Policy for Gender Equality 2021-2031 (2021) and the Inclusive Governance Policy 2021-2031 (2021). A full list of key sectorial plans and strategies is included in Appendix A. 61 According to the FAO, the area of land used for agriculture in Samoa in 2018 was approximately 75,700 ha. Data on land use is recorded on the FAO’s FAOSTAT database, available at: Accessed on 26 May, 2021.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: the Transport Sector Plan 2013-2018 (2013),
Country: South Africa
Document: LTS

In 2018 the Green Transport Strategy (GTS) for 2018 to 2050 was launched (DoT, 2018). The GTS provides the strategic direction for the transport sector regarding the reduction of GHG emissions, the contribution of transport to the green economy and the promotion of sustainable mobility. The Strategy aims to support reductions in the contribution of the transport sector to national greenhouse gas emissions by at least 5% by 2050.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: In 2018 the Green Transport Strategy (GTS) for 2018 to 2050 was launched (DoT, 2018). The GTS provides the strategic direction for the transport sector regarding the reduction of GHG emissions, the contribution of transport to the green economy and the promotion of sustainable mobility. The Strategy aims to support reductions in the contribution of the transport sector to national greenhouse gas emissions by at least 5% by 2050.
Country: Suriname
Document: 2nd NDC

An unconditional contribution will be made to update the Transport Master Plan (ISTS 2011). The plan contained a proposal for a transport network based on long term plans and growth rates and integrated with a spatial planning model for Paramaribo. Urban growth and the resulting emissions are best mitigated through a more compact city. This requires a shift in urban planning, with public and private partners jointly seeking solutions. This includes restructuring the existing road system to allow smoother and shorter travel time and constructing alternative North-South and East-West transfer roads. To encourage people to use transit, the public transport system needs improvement (with extra transfer stations, shuttle bus system, public transport corridors). Taken together these measures will improve quality of life and contain emissions growth. 3.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The plan contained a proposal for a transport network based on long term plans and growth rates and integrated with a spatial planning model for Paramaribo.
Country: Suriname
Document: 2nd NDC

To strengthen capacity, Suriname will scope and implement a national research, development and innovation program, and strengthen agricultural research. One priority area of research is to identify, trial and introduce more permanent agricultural systems to replace traditional shifting cultivation methods. Transport: An unconditional contribution will be made to update the Transport Master Plan (ISTS 2011). The plan contained a proposal for a transport network based on long term plans and growth rates and integrated with a spatial planning model for Paramaribo. Suriname commits to introduce by 2027 vehicle emissions controls and tighten import to vehicles less than five years old, in order to reduce emissions under this NDC.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: The plan contained a proposal for a transport network based on long term plans and growth rates and integrated with a spatial planning model for Paramaribo.
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

Human Settlements was selected as a cross-cutting sector with significant contributions to GHG emissions and broader development objectives. GHG Emissions (in Gg) Share in total GHG emissions Source: Government of Tonga (2019) 1.3 Narrative description of relevant legal and institutional frameworks The Government of Tonga is a global leader in developing a suite of policies and plans that integrate climate change and sustainable development. The LT-LEDS is no different; drawing on and aligning with the following key executive and legislative mandates, laws, and publications2: Tonga Strategic Development Framework 2015-2025 (TSDF II) provides an overarching framework for Tonga’s development including the LT-LEDS.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Tonga Strategic Development Framework 2015-2025 (TSDF II) provides an overarching framework for Tonga’s development including the LT-LEDS
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

The LT-LEDS is no different; drawing on and aligning with the following key executive and legislative mandates, laws, and publications2: Tonga Strategic Development Framework 2015-2025 (TSDF II) provides an overarching framework for Tonga’s development including the LT-LEDS. It seeks ‘A more progressive Tonga supporting a higher quality of life for all’ through seven national outcomes: knowledge-based economy; balanced urban and rural development across island groups; empowering human development with gender equality; responsive good-governance with law and order; successful provision and maintenance of infrastructure and technology; effective land administration, environment management, and resilience to climate and risk; and consistent advancement of our external interests, security and sovereignty. Tonga Climate Change Policy (TCCP, 2016) intends to make Tonga climate- resilient by 2035 and enhance mitigation efforts.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Tonga Strategic Development Framework 2015-2025 (TSDF II) provides an overarching framework for Tonga’s development including the LT-LEDS
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

Tonga Climate Change Policy (TCCP, 2016) intends to make Tonga climate- resilient by 2035 and enhance mitigation efforts. Its vision is for ‘A Tonga that is resilient to the impacts of climate change and climate-related disaster risks, and is able to protect and safeguard its present and future citizens.’ It seeks to achieve this through three strategic goals: strengthened integrated risk management to enhance climate and disaster resilience; low carbon development; and strengthened disaster preparedness, response and recovery specific targets. Joint National Action Plan 2 Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (JNAP2) 2018-2028 provides the strategic action plan for both the TSDF II and TCCP.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Joint National Action Plan 2 Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (JNAP2) 2018-2028 provides the strategic action plan for both the TSDF II and TCCP.
Country: Tonga
Document: LTS

Joint National Action Plan 2 Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (JNAP2) 2018-2028 provides the strategic action plan for both the TSDF II and TCCP. Its mission is ‘To develop a resilient Tonga through an inclusive, participatory approach that is based on good governance, builds knowledgeable, proactive communications and supports a strong, sustainable development pathway.’ Its guiding principles were replicated in the LT-LEDS process, including ‘A holistic, multi-faceted, multi-sectoral approach’ and an ‘Integrated approach to adaptation and mitigation’. The JNAP Technical Working Groups provided oversight to the LT-LEDS process (see Annex B for more detail). Third National Communication on Climate Change Report (TNC, 2019) updates the information and inventory of Tonga’s Second National Communication.

Question: What development of national plans are planned?
Answer: Joint National Action Plan 2 Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (JNAP2) 2018-2028 provides the strategic action plan for both the TSDF II and TCCP.