alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Republic of Moldova
Document: Updated NDC

Transport Improve understanding of climate change- related risks and support planning capacities for climate-resilient infrastructure in the transport sector - Provide training to decision-makers managing the construction of transport infrastructure on climate risk impacts; - Undertake periodic assessments of the level of resilience to climate change impact of the transport infrastructure; - Produce a research-analysis-assessment platform on climate change risks with impact on transport infrastructure, involving insurance companies; - Communicate transport sector climate risks to the targeted audience and general pubic using georeferenced data on climate hazards, social and gender vulnerabilities, risk mapping covering different scenarios of threats, other tools.Sectors Sectorial adaptation priorities Main activities and actions in support of adaptation priorities - Carry out research on the design and development of advanced materials and technologies aimed at increasing the resistance of roads, railways, aerodromes, ports to climate hazards; - Adjust urban and land-use planning to future climate change-related risks for transport infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways, waterways, aerodromes); - Promote funding schemes to support climate action that fit specific transport sector related needs, geographic area, other specifics. Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport.

Question: How active mobility is being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Promote a well-developed cycling path network,
Country: Republic of Moldova
Document: Updated NDC

Improve access to climate-resilient and safe public transport - Ensure the access of citizens to safe transport systems with fair, accessible and sustainable prices for all, as well as improving road safety, in particular by expanding the public transport system; - Promote a well-developed cycling path network, accessible pedestrian routes; - Promote more sustainable consumer behavior in using transport. Create sustainable transport infrastructure - Implement adaptation measures to combat the effect of temperature variation: heat- tolerant streets and highways, landscape protection, heat-resilient paving materials; milling out ruts; shifting construction schedules to cooler parts of the day; design for higher maximum temperatures in replacement or new construction; adaptation of cooling systems; - Promote and implement adaptation solutions for extreme precipitations such as climate-resilient paving materials and overlay with more rut-resilient asphalt; use of the most efficient technologies to assure sealing and renewal of asphalt concrete; wider use of efficient road maintenance methods, including preventive and corrective maintenance; improve flood protection; greater use of sensors for monitoring water flows; upgrading of road drainage systems and improved collection and disposal of rainwater from the roads; pavement grooving and sloping; implement increased standards for drainage capacity for new transportation infrastructure and major rehabilitation projects; - Identification and implementation of corporate management and advanced technological models for the management of transport infrastructure in response to the impact of climate change; - Purchase the necessary equipment for cleaning and widening riverbeds, and the development of a system for navigation monitoring, etc.

Question: How active mobility is being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Promote a well-developed cycling path network,
Country: Austria
Document: LTS

Global goods transport is increasingly being replaced with regional economies, and a resource- efficient circular economy is the norm. There is no more planned obsolescence in 2050, all products and goods are designed to be long-lasting and repairable. Society demands more sustainable products and services in general. Modal shifts Individual motorised traffic is less common in 2050 than today – the modal split has shifted to public transport and active mobility. This has been effected above all by increased environmental awareness among the population thanks to targeted measures. Innovative, holistic mobility solutions will also cover the last mile, for example tailored mobility management, on-demand buses, electric taxis, car sharing, and the massive expansion of public transport.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Innovative, holistic mobility solutions will also cover the last mile, for example tailored mobility management, on-demand buses, electric taxis, car sharing, and the massive expansion of public transport.
Country: Austria
Document: LTS

Innovative, holistic mobility solutions will also cover the last mile, for example tailored mobility management, on-demand buses, electric taxis, car sharing, and the massive expansion of public transport. Public transport intervals are considerably shorter, and customer-friendly service planning and information provision make rail and bus travel more attractive. Freight transport by rail has profited from the reduction of regulatory hurdles. The external costs of all modes of transport will be internalised during the mobility transformation. Thismeans that the most environmentally friendly modes of transport are also the cheapest. This will cause a preference for these modes of transport. The volume of individual motorised traffic and short-haul flights has decreased considerably.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Innovative, holistic mobility solutions will also cover the last mile, for example tailored mobility management, on-demand buses, electric taxis, car sharing, and the massive expansion of public transport.
Country: Cabo Verde
Document: Updated NDC

Cabo Verde will also undertake measures to advance carbon-free active mobility and sustainable maritime transport. To contribute to the target the following measures are planned: • Reduce the necessity of high-carbon mobility through urban planning and digitilisation (car-free areas, cycling and pedestrian lanes, functional mix and spatial density to bring living and working closer together, incentives for home-office, apps for car-sharing and taxi hailing …); • Create secured and attractive home-work urban cycling and walking networks with bicycle repair and equipment businesses in Praia and Mindelo, to promote low carbon mobility, convivial cities and local youth employment; • By 2023, quantify the national GHG reductions possible by swifting to lower carbon international maritime transport (i.e.sails or solar vessels, engine efficiency improvement, lower carbon fuels, optimise logistics and operating processes or avoidance strategies etc.)

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: apps for car-sharing and taxi hailing
Country: Cabo Verde
Document: Updated NDC

To contribute to the target the following measures are planned: • Reduce the necessity of high-carbon mobility through urban planning and digitilisation (car-free areas, cycling and pedestrian lanes, functional mix and spatial density to bring living and working closer together, incentives for home-office, apps for car-sharing and taxi hailing …); • Create secured and attractive home-work urban cycling and walking networks with bicycle repair and equipment businesses in Praia and Mindelo, to promote low carbon mobility, convivial cities and local youth employment; • By 2023, quantify the national GHG reductions possible by swifting to lower carbon international maritime transport (i.e.sails or solar vessels, engine efficiency improvement, lower carbon fuels, optimise logistics and operating processes or avoidance strategies etc.) and develop a policy framework and national action plan as a measure under the International Maritime Organisation.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: apps for car-sharing and taxi hailing
Country: Costa Rica
Document: LTS

• To define the Roadmap to consolidate a Research and Development (R&D) cluster in Hydrogen • To implement the inter-institutional action plan to promote the use of hydrogen in the transport sector. • To conduct pre-feasibility studies of the identified key projects, and define a business model • To design the pilot project of hydrogen public buses • To publicize the lessons in terms of costs, performance and infrastructure.1.2.5 To analyze the options for new undertakings and business models to promote shared mobility schemes in the country. 1.2.6 To launch communication campaigns that promotes public transport and zero-emissions. • To communicate about the benefits of zero-emissions public transport in the long-term and its relationship with the goal of decarbonization.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: To analyze the options for new undertakings and business models to promote shared mobility schemes in the country
Country: Costa Rica
Document: LTS

Number of municipalities implementing transport-oriented development practices Number of municipalities participating in the Carbon Neutral Program o To conduct pre-feasibility studies of the identified key projects, and define a business model o To design the pilot project of hydrogen public buses o To publicize the lessons in terms of costs, performance and infrastructure. 1.2.5 To analyze the options for new undertakings and business models to promote shared mobility schemes in the country. 1.2.6. To launch communication campaigns that promotes public transport and zero- emissions. o To communicate about the benefits of zero-emissions public transport in the long- term and its relationship with the goal of decarbonization. o To raise awareness about pioneer bus companies with zero-emission technologies. o To raise awareness about real-time information of an air quality monitoring system to warn the population about high contamination situations.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: To analyze the options for new undertakings and business models to promote shared mobility schemes in the country
Country: European Union
Document: LTS

Urban areas and smart cities will be the first centres of innovation in mobility not least because of the predominance of short-distance journeys and air quality considerations. With 75% of our population living in urban areas, city planning, safe cycling and walking paths, clean local public transport, the introduction of new delivery technologies such as drones, and mobility as a service, including the advent of car and bike sharing services, will alter mobility. Combined with the transition to carbon-free transport technologies, reducing air pollution, noise and accidents, this will result in large improvements in the quality of urban living. Behavioural changes by individuals and companies must underpin this evolution.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Urban areas and smart cities will be the first centres of innovation in mobility not least because of the predominance of short-distance journeys and air quality considerations. With 75% of our population living in urban areas, city planning, safe cycling and walking paths, clean local public transport, the introduction of new delivery technologies such as drones, and mobility as a service, including the advent of car and bike sharing services, will alter mobility.
Country: France
Document: LTS

National low carbon strategy - March 2020 74/176of port and maritime sectors, make modes of transport and networks more green, optimize the weight and volume of loads, promote research and innovation and help urban transport flow more freely and cleanly. f) Guideline T 6: Manage increased demand for transport Encourage new ways of working: ◦ particularly with ambitious objectives for teleworking (for example: 50% of French teleworkers work at home on average 20% of the time, that is 10% of home-worked hours on the national scale); ◦ by introducing measures that support the development of third places, including shared work spaces and on-site services for workers. Support the rise in car sharing and other shared mobility services (carpooling etc.)

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Support the rise in car sharing and other shared mobility services (carpooling etc.)
Country: France
Document: LTS

Support the rise in car sharing and other shared mobility services (carpooling etc.) over short distances and in zones not covered by public transport and develop tools and infrastructures that facilitate shared mobility: for example, invest in multimodal exchange hubs facilitating public transport and new types of mobility. Support the circular economy and short supply circuits so as to uncouple growth in traffic and freight from GDP. For all new infrastructure projects, take the impact of traffic generated into account in public decision-making in order to achieve a “carbon audit” (construction/use/maintenance) that is coherent with the climate policies. See also the guidelines in chapter 4.1.iv. “Urban planning, development and regional dynamics”.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Support the rise in car sharing and other shared mobility services (carpooling etc.)
Country: Japan
Document: LTS

At the same time, based on Bicycle Use Promotion Act (Law No. 113 of 2016), which clearly states that the degree of dependence on automobiles in transportation should be reduced, it is necessary to promote the use of bicycles by increasing bicycle sharing for commuting purposes. In light of the fact that truck transportation accounts for approx. 80% of domestic freight transportation, and that CO2 emissions from trucks (total of commercial and private use) account for approx. 7% of Japan s total CO2 emissions, it is a challenge to improve the efficiency in freight transportation and to shift to the mode of transportation with a lower CO2 emission intensity. The shipping, aviation, and railway sectors account for approx.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: based on Bicycle Use Promotion Act (Law No. 113 of 2016), which clearly states that the degree of dependence on automobiles in transportation should be reduced, it is necessary to promote the use of bicycles by increasing bicycle sharing for commuting purposes.
Country: Latvia
Document: LTS

64Co-modality â combining of one or several modes of transport in order to use resources in an optimum and sustainable manner.Translation Â© 2020 Valsts valodas centrs (State Language Centre) 43 been created, introducing green infrastructure solutions in urban environment. Mainly railway is used in intercity carriage because it uses less energy per passenger-kilometre than road transport. The public transport is conveniently linked to the international transport (connections with airports and ports). The sharing culture has been developed, allowing to use vehicles individually or jointly for a specific fee. â¢ Freight carriage is performed using an interlinked, efficient, and smart transport system, as well as multi-modal carriage The link-up of road transport with the rail and port infrastructures has reduced the fuel consumption and GHG emissions from road transport.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: The sharing culture has been developed, allowing to use vehicles individually or jointly for a specific fee.
Country: Morocco
Document: LTS

Les deux suivantes portent plutôt sur les impacts des stratégies de transports bas carbone, d’une part sur les enjeux et filières industrielles, et d’autre part sur les conditions de vie et le budget des ménages. Pour favoriser les comportements et investissements soutenant les transports bas carbone, cinq conditions semblent en effet devoir être retenues : Le développement d’infrastructures urbaines propices à une bonne accessibilité aux services publics et commerciaux ; Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage), la diffusion des véhicules zéro émission ; La construction des capacités industrielles pour la production des véhicules du futur et de leurs composants ; Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence) ; et La prise en compte des contraintes budgétaires des ménages et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs permettant de réduire l’effort d’investissement.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage)
Country: Morocco
Document: LTS

Pour favoriser les comportements et investissements soutenant les transports bas carbone, cinq conditions semblent en effet devoir être retenues : Le développement d’infrastructures urbaines propices à une bonne accessibilité aux services publics et commerciaux ; Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage), la diffusion des véhicules zéro émission ; La construction des capacités industrielles pour la production des véhicules du futur et de leurs composants ; Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence) ; et La prise en compte des contraintes budgétaires des ménages et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs permettant de réduire l’effort d’investissement. En ce qui concerne les infrastructures de transport urbain, un point de passage obligé semble résider dans une coopération renforcée entre Ministère de l’intérieur, Ministère des transports et collectivités locales.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage)
Country: Portugal
Document: LTS

autonomous vehicles) and can lead to emissions reductions of up to 25 % in 2050. The most significant impact of circularity refers to the significant increase in the use of public transport, which leads to a reduction in total transport energy consumption of between 3% and 2% in 2030 and 2050, respectively. Main decarbonisation drivers in the transport sector: • Greater efficiency and reinforcement of public transport systems; • Active and low-impact mobility; • Greater efficiency, associated to shared mobility and autonomous vehicles; • Electrification; • Biofuels and hydrogen.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: associated to shared mobility
Country: Portugal
Document: LTS

Main decarbonisation drivers in the transport sector: • Greater efficiency and reinforcement of public transport systems; • Active and low-impact mobility; • Greater efficiency, associated to shared mobility and autonomous vehicles; • Electrification; • Biofuels and hydrogen. FUEL Unit: PJ ENERGY INTENSITY Unit: MJ/pKmLONG-TERM STRATEGY FOR CARBON NEUTRALITY OF THE PORTUGUESE ECONOMY BY 2050 4.1.3 Industry and industrial processes The industrial sector is made up of a wide range of activities and processes, including sectors such as refining, pulp and paper production, glass, ceramics, cement and lime, iron and steel, chemicals, among others. Their emissions derive from the consumption of fossil fuels and, in some sectors, emissions from the chemical processes involved.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: associated to shared mobility
Country: Republic of Korea
Document: LTS

The Government will scale up its support for future mobility for its enhanced competitiveness and take policies in conjunction with fuel efficiency regulations to promote the use of low-carbon fuels. The Government plans to: i) promote the use of public transportation; ii) expand shared mobility; iii) build systems for traffic demand management and intelligent transportation; iv) reduce energy consumption by promoting commercial use of autonomous vehicles; and v) promote the modal shift from road to rail or shipping, the low-carbon modes of transportation.2050 Carbon Neutral Strategy of the Republic of Korea towards a sustainable and green society ▍Building sector The building sector was estimated to emit 7% of the total national emissions in 2017.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: ii) expand shared mobility;
Country: Republic of Korea
Document: LTS

The Government plans to: i) promote the use of public transportation; ii) expand shared mobility; iii) build systems for traffic demand management and intelligent transportation; iv) reduce energy consumption by promoting commercial use of autonomous vehicles; and v) promote the modal shift from road to rail or shipping, the low-carbon modes of transportation.2050 Carbon Neutral Strategy of the Republic of Korea towards a sustainable and green society ▍Building sector The building sector was estimated to emit 7% of the total national emissions in 2017. Minimizing the energy use in the building sector, while maximizing the energy efficiency and supplying low-carbon energy, is the most cost-effective mitigation option that can reduce the energy cost and GHG emissions at the same time.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: ii) expand shared mobility;
Country: Republic of Korea
Document: LTS

Strategies to make people drive less include improving the existing mass transit infrastructure, creating a walking and rideable living environment, and expanding shared mobility. Given that half of the entire population in Korea is living in Seoul capital area, policies to promote the use of public transportation in/out of the metropolitan area will solve the problem of traffic congestion during rush hours. Expanding car sharing service in remote areas without access to public transportation is likely to have a positive effect of controlling demand as the service is expected to reduce the number of cars owned and restrain driving.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Expanding car sharing service in remote areas without access to public transportation is likely to have a positive effect of controlling demand as the service is expected to reduce the number of cars owned and restrain driving.
Country: Republic of Korea
Document: LTS

Expanding car sharing service in remote areas without access to public transportation is likely to have a positive effect of controlling demand as the service is expected to reduce the number of cars owned and restrain driving. Meanwhile, optimization of car operation and reduced energy consumption within existing road system could be achieved with the development of a Cooperative Intelligent Transport System45) and commercial deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Korea has already put in place the advanced intelligent transport system that offers users real-time information on road traffic demands and accidents. The system is closely connected to individual car navigation systems, which help drivers find optimal routes to maximize vehicle operational efficiency. AVs are another valid opportunity for reducing GHG emissions.

Question: How digital solutions are being promoted in the transport sector?
Answer: Expanding car sharing service in remote areas without access to public transportation is likely to have a positive effect of controlling demand as the service is expected to reduce the number of cars owned and restrain driving.