alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

The combined unconditional and conditional contribution is therefore a 24% reduction in GHG emissions compared to BAU scenario in 2025; this is equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of up to 26,5 million tCO2 e in 2025. 4.1.1. Source of information This NDC relies on relevant national and sectorial plans and strategies, namely: • National Strategy for Climate Change 2020-2035 • National Development Plan for 2018-2022 • Angola Energia 2025 - Long-Term Vision for the Electricity Sector • Action Plan for the Energy and Water Sector 2013-2017Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 • Atlas and National Strategy for New Renewable Energies • Strategic Plan for New Environmental Technologies • Strategic Plan for Urban Waste Management in Angola (PESGRU) • National Energy Security Policy and Strategy • Long-term development strategy for Angola (Angola 2025) For the GHG inventory, the following data sources were considered: • Consolidated reports of activities in the oil and gas sector 4.1.2.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Source of information This NDC relies on relevant national and sectorial plans and strategies, namely: • National Strategy for Climate Change 2020-2035 • National Development Plan for 2018-2022 • Angola Energia 2025 - Long-Term Vision for the Electricity Sector • Action Plan for the Energy and Water Sector 2013-2017Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 • Atlas and National Strategy for New Renewable Energies • Strategic Plan for New Environmental Technologies • Strategic Plan for Urban Waste Management in Angola (PESGRU) • National Energy Security Policy and Strategy • Long-term development strategy for Angola (Angola 2025) For the GHG inventory, the following data sources were considered: • Consolidated reports of activities in the oil and gas sector 4.1.2. Scope and Coverage Within the context of this NDC, Angola prioritizes the implementation of mitigation measures in the following main sectors: Energy AFOLU Industry Waste Energy The energy sector is fundamental to the economic and social development of Angola, allowing to improve the quality and welfare standards of the population.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

From an environmental point of view, replacing the use of diesel with natural gas in industry is a measure that will contribute to the reduction of GHG 4.2. Reference point: National GHG Inventory The base year considered in this NDC is 2015, Angola’s latest GHG inventory data that was concluded in November 2020. Total greenhouse gas emissions in Angola is 99.992 ktCO2 e, which e per capita [38].Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 The GHG Inventory follows the 2006 IPCC Guidelines on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and emissions include CO2 O and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) values used are those determined by the IPCC for the IPCC Second Assessment Report.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Total greenhouse gas emissions in Angola is 99.992 ktCO2 e, which e per capita [38].Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 The GHG Inventory follows the 2006 IPCC Guidelines on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and emissions include CO2 O and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) values used are those determined by the IPCC for the IPCC Second Assessment Report. The most recent inventory considers the updated data in order to remain minimally consistent with the material of the 1st national inventory of Angola (2000 and 2005). The 1st inventory was prepared following the guidelines provided for in the IPCC Guide 1996. However, to apply the IPCC Guide 2006 it is necessary to carry out a contextualization, as the methods are substantially different.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

GHG Emissions by sector Total GHG emissions for the year 2015 accounted for 99.992 ktCO2 e. Table 9 shows an emissions breakdown – total greenhouse gases, plus carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide individually – by sector. Table 9 - Emissions breakdown by sector GHG emissions source (2015) e emissions Total % Agriculture & Livestock 6.544,911 7% Land Use and Land Use Change 70.360,442 70%Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 Figure 6 – Greenhouse gas emission by sector Per capita greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tons of carbon-dioxide equivalents (CO2e) per person per year. This metric converts all greenhouse gases to CO2e based on their global warming potential value over a 100-year timescale7.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Per capita emissions were calculated using the population for the year 2015 (26.681.590 inhab). 4.3. Business-as-Usual (BAU) scenario The BAU refers to a scenario that assumes that no mitigation policies or measures will be implemented further than those that are already in force and/or are legislated or planned to be adopted, i.e., the level of emissions that would take place without further policy effort. Projections were calculated using GACMO - The Greenhouse Gas Abatement Cost Model (GACMO), developed by UNEP DTU Partnership. The BAU scenario was constructed based on the national GHG Inventory of 2015, according to the IPCC guidelines.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Mitigation Contribution In this NDC update, Angola sets the target of achieving those 15% of emission reduction by 2025, unconditionally. In addition, it is expected that through a conditional mitigation scenario the country could reduce an additional 10% below BAU emission levels by 2025. To achieve that, several measures were identified and analyzed, being selected for Unconditional (Table 11) and Conditional Contribution (Table 12). Additionally, in annex 9.2, measures to achieve Angola set of targets by 2030 are presented. Unconditionally, the target it is to achieve a 21% emission reduction by 2030, equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 23,3 million tCO2 e in that year.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Unconditionally, the target it is to achieve a 21% emission reduction by 2030, equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 23,3 million tCO2 e in that year. In addition, it is expected that through a conditional mitigation scenario the country could reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030, equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 39,7 million tCO2 e in that year.Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2020 Unconditional contributions Table 11 – Unconditional Mitigation Contributions Sector Area Unconditional Contributions e reduction potential % contribution for target Cost Energy Renewable Energy Installation of large-scale solar power plants (PV) – 104 MW 159,58 1,23% 156 Installation of small-scale solar panels (PV) (solar villages) – 100 MW Installation of small-scale solar panels in the industry – 2 MW 2,76 < 0,1% 13 Installation of wind farms – 100 MW 154,71 0,98% 130 Waste Municipal Waste Composting of municipal solid waste – 500 ton/day 2 068,39 13,13% 7 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use 8 The budget figures presented correspond to estimates based on a benchmark exercise with similar actions developed in comparable countries.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

In addition, it is expected that through a conditional mitigation scenario the country could reduce an additional 15% below BAU emission levels by 2030, equivalent to an estimated mitigation level of 39,7 million tCO2 e in that year.Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2020 Unconditional contributions Table 11 – Unconditional Mitigation Contributions Sector Area Unconditional Contributions e reduction potential % contribution for target Cost Energy Renewable Energy Installation of large-scale solar power plants (PV) – 104 MW 159,58 1,23% 156 Installation of small-scale solar panels (PV) (solar villages) – 100 MW Installation of small-scale solar panels in the industry – 2 MW 2,76 < 0,1% 13 Installation of wind farms – 100 MW 154,71 0,98% 130 Waste Municipal Waste Composting of municipal solid waste – 500 ton/day 2 068,39 13,13% 7 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use 8 The budget figures presented correspond to estimates based on a benchmark exercise with similar actions developed in comparable countries. The implementation of the measures presented requires the determination of a real budget.Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 Assumptions For the measures relating to renewable energy, biomass, mini hydro, and wind power, it was considered what was identified at ENAC, which is in line with what is stated in the Angola Energy 2025 strategy, corresponding to the installation of 800 mw of renewable energy by 2025, where 500 MW was considered for biomass, 100 MW for mini hydro and 100 MW for wind.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

The hydroelectric capacity proposed to be installed in this scenario considers the Cambambe 2 project. The proposal for solar energy considers the Waku Kungo II and Lubango project. For reforestation, 50% of what was proposed for reduction in the INDC by 2030 (target 2030: 2032 ktCO2and sequestration) was considered. For the reduction of flaring, the information from the World Bank9 was used, which said in 2011 that Angola aimed to reduce flaring by 75%. In this scenario half of this reduction target was considered, compared to the value of flaring in 2015 (reported in the National Inventory).

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

In this scenario half of this reduction target was considered, compared to the value of flaring in 2015 (reported in the National Inventory). For the solar villages it was considered as an assumption what was present in the PND 2013-2017, where the objective was the installation of 100 MW of solar PV in solar villages by 2025. For solar panels in industry a value of 2 MW was proposed, since ENAC did not make assumptions associated with this measure. Finally, composting, the capacity to send 500 ton/day of waste for composting was considered. 9 Angola’s Major Natural Gas Project to Cut Emissions from Flaring.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

9 Angola’s Major Natural Gas Project to Cut Emissions from Flaring. Determined Contribution of Angola 2020 Conditional contributions Table 12 – Conditional Mitigation Contributions Sector Area Unconditional Contributions e reduction potential % contribution for target Cost Energy Renewable Energy Installation of large-scale solar power plants (PV) – 104 MW 159,58 0,60% 156 Installation of small-scale solar panels (solar villages) – 187 MW 258,25 0,97% 1 209 Installation of small-scale solar panels in the industry – 2 MW 5,52 < 0,1% 26 Installation of small-scale solar panels (NAMA Program) – 15 MW Installation of solar lamps on the streets – 2000 lamps 1,55 < 0,1% 3 Installation of wind farms – 100 MW 154,71 0,58% 130 Energy Efficiency Installation of efficient LED lamps in public buildings – 2000 lamps Installation of efficient LED lamps in public lighting – 2000 lamps 1,36 < 0,1% 2 Road Transport Natural gas buses – 2000 buses 6,59 < 0,1% 3 Waste Waste Composting of municipal solid waste – 1 000 ton/day 4 136,78 15,58% 8,1 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use 10 The budget figures presented correspond to estimates based on a benchmark exercise with similar actions developed in comparable countries.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Conditional contributions Table 12 – Conditional Mitigation Contributions Sector Area Unconditional Contributions e reduction potential % contribution for target Cost Energy Renewable Energy Installation of large-scale solar power plants (PV) – 104 MW 159,58 0,60% 156 Installation of small-scale solar panels (solar villages) – 187 MW 258,25 0,97% 1 209 Installation of small-scale solar panels in the industry – 2 MW 5,52 < 0,1% 26 Installation of small-scale solar panels (NAMA Program) – 15 MW Installation of solar lamps on the streets – 2000 lamps 1,55 < 0,1% 3 Installation of wind farms – 100 MW 154,71 0,58% 130 Energy Efficiency Installation of efficient LED lamps in public buildings – 2000 lamps Installation of efficient LED lamps in public lighting – 2000 lamps 1,36 < 0,1% 2 Road Transport Natural gas buses – 2000 buses 6,59 < 0,1% 3 Waste Waste Composting of municipal solid waste – 1 000 ton/day 4 136,78 15,58% 8,1 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use 10 The budget figures presented correspond to estimates based on a benchmark exercise with similar actions developed in comparable countries. The implementation of the measures presented requires the determination of a real budget.Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 Assumptions In this scenario, 4 additional measures were considered compared to the previous one.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Hydroelectric power was considered a potential project, some of the projects already identified in the Renewable Energy Atlas of Angola (2199 MW). In addition to Cambambe 2 already considered in de unconditional scenario, three more projects were added the Luime, Túmulo do Caçador and Zenza (1+2). The program called NAMA (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions), brought the opportunity for the implementation 15 MW to replace the use of diesel in three commercial farms in Angola was considered in this scenario as a small-scale solar panel. For the Mini-hydro, 150 MW were considered, coming from 3 projects identified in the Renewable Energy Atlas of Angola.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

For the Mini-hydro, 150 MW were considered, coming from 3 projects identified in the Renewable Energy Atlas of Angola. For solar villages and solar panels in industry, the value used in the unconditional 2025 scenario was doubled in this scenario. In the flaring reduction, 75% of the target considered in the unconditional scenario was considered.Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Angola – 2020 updaNationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2020Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 The Paris Agreement states that one of its aims is to increase “the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development” (Article 2).

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

While inclusion of adaptation in the NDC is voluntary, countries are encouraged by the Paris Agreement (Article 7) to submit an adaptation communication to report on adaptation. The present chapter – Adaptation Contribution – serves as this adaptation communication for Angola. The process involved an extensive review of relevant documents on climate adaptation that have been developed over time starting with the National Strategy for Climate Chance 2020-2035 and the associated sectors working papers. 5.1.1.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

The process involved an extensive review of relevant documents on climate adaptation that have been developed over time starting with the National Strategy for Climate Chance 2020-2035 and the associated sectors working papers. 5.1.1. Source of information The main document considered for this NDC update was the National Strategy for Climate Change 2020-2035, which was developed after a long process of consultation with stakeholders and of document review, namely: National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), 2011 National Development Plan 2018-2022; Long-Term Development Strategy for Angola 2025; National Health Development Plan 2012-2025; Medium-Term Development Plan for the Agrarian Sector 2018-2022; National Action Program to Combat Desertification; National Development Plan (PDN) Disaster Preparedness, Contingency, Response and Recovery Plan for the period 2014- Strategic Plan for Disaster Risk Prevention and Reduction; Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Plan for the period 2018-2022 Recently, in 2019, Angola elaborated its Climate Change Adaptation Plan for the Coastal Zone, identifying the main vulnerabilities of this area to the impacts of climate change, as well as several adaptation measures to adapt the territory to those expected impacts.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Source of information The main document considered for this NDC update was the National Strategy for Climate Change 2020-2035, which was developed after a long process of consultation with stakeholders and of document review, namely: National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), 2011 National Development Plan 2018-2022; Long-Term Development Strategy for Angola 2025; National Health Development Plan 2012-2025; Medium-Term Development Plan for the Agrarian Sector 2018-2022; National Action Program to Combat Desertification; National Development Plan (PDN) Disaster Preparedness, Contingency, Response and Recovery Plan for the period 2014- Strategic Plan for Disaster Risk Prevention and Reduction; Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Plan for the period 2018-2022 Recently, in 2019, Angola elaborated its Climate Change Adaptation Plan for the Coastal Zone, identifying the main vulnerabilities of this area to the impacts of climate change, as well as several adaptation measures to adapt the territory to those expected impacts. This plan is an outcomeNationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 of the National Strategy for Climate Change, as it is one of the adaptation measures proposed for the Coastal Zone sector 5.1.1.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

The impacts of climate change in Angola are likely to be strongly felt in fisheries: according to the conclusions of the fifth IPCC evaluation report, Angola is among the most vulnerable countries in terms of the impact of the climate on their fisheries. By 2050 the value of fisheries in West Africa, including Angola, is expected to decrease 21%, resulting in a loss of $ 311 million in revenue from this economic activity. The level increase and the increase in water temperature will also have an impact on the major currents of the Angolan seacoast (Benguela and Gulf of Guinea), with subsequent changes in the levels of salinity and existing marine ecosystems.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

Mindful of the challenge of climate change on marine resources, in the Strategic Action Plan of the Benguela Current Convention, Angola, Namibia and South Africa seek to introduce an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. For the 2018-2022 period, the Government advocated as general objectives of the sector the promotion of competitiveness and the development of industrial and artisanal fisheries in a sustainable way, also providing for the improvement of infrastructures and the development of aquaculture. In this context, the African Development Bank, in partnership with FAO, approvedNationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 in 2013 a project to support the development of artisanal fisheries in Angola, which should start in 2019.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

In this context, the African Development Bank, in partnership with FAO, approvedNationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 in 2013 a project to support the development of artisanal fisheries in Angola, which should start in 2019. At the same time, the creation of support centers for artisanal fisheries was recently announced with a view to supporting fishing activities by local communities, in particular, seeking to improve the income of fishing communities, increasing revenues, managing marine resources and maritime safety. The first support center is under construction since January 2017 in the Salinas community, on the coast of the city of Sumbe (Cuanza Sul).

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

In recent years, Angola has been facing several problems with natural disasters, namely in the rainy season and mainly due to construction in risk areas, with an estimated 10% of the Angolan population living in risk areas. It is predicted that the increase in the average level of the sea waters could reach 0.13m-0.56m in 2090, compared to the years 1980-1999 affecting densely populated areas such as the areas closest to the ocean and the city of Luanda. This rise in level is a serious threat to the coastal population and is responsible for the destruction of infrastructure as well as its corresponding impact on the country s development and on the national economy.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

In view of the above, it is important to adapt the country to the consequences that climate change will bring to its coastal areas. The adaptation measures listed in Table 13 and Table 14 aim to contribute to the resilience of its population and economic activities. Forest, Ecosystem and Biodiversity While forest sequestration is one of the functions strengthening the response to the impacts of climate change, it is important to recognize that it is not the only climate action provided by forests, as they also deliver beneficial services for climate change adaptation. Angola has a wide range of ecosystems and a large surface area is covered with shrubs and savannas.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3
Country: Angola
Document: Updated NDC

However, the number of weather stations has been drastically reduced over the years, and there are now about 20. In these circumstances, the deepening of knowledge and the establishment of robust systems for monitoring watersheds and models for forecasting precipitation with new weather stations will support the creation of efficient systems for preventing and alerting extreme weather events, getting more frequent in Angola. 11 FAO, 2012. Angola Country Programming Framework 2013-2017. 12 USAID, 2011.Nationally Determined Contribution of Angola 2021 Human Health The human health has clear links to climate variability through both direct exposure as well as indirect pathways. Obviously, negative health impacts come from extreme climate events, such as heat waves, hurricanes/storms, floods and droughts.

Question: What is the investment for transport (in million USD)?
Answer: 3