alessio-vertemati/ikitracs-qa huggingface dataset:
Country: Morocco
Document: LTS

Les deux suivantes portent plutôt sur les impacts des stratégies de transports bas carbone, d’une part sur les enjeux et filières industrielles, et d’autre part sur les conditions de vie et le budget des ménages. Pour favoriser les comportements et investissements soutenant les transports bas carbone, cinq conditions semblent en effet devoir être retenues : Le développement d’infrastructures urbaines propices à une bonne accessibilité aux services publics et commerciaux ; Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage), la diffusion des véhicules zéro émission ; La construction des capacités industrielles pour la production des véhicules du futur et de leurs composants ; Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence) ; et La prise en compte des contraintes budgétaires des ménages et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs permettant de réduire l’effort d’investissement.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence)
Country: Morocco
Document: LTS

Pour favoriser les comportements et investissements soutenant les transports bas carbone, cinq conditions semblent en effet devoir être retenues : Le développement d’infrastructures urbaines propices à une bonne accessibilité aux services publics et commerciaux ; Des politiques pour l’amélioration des performances, l’intensification de l’usage des véhicules (intermodalité, taxis, VTC, covoiturage, autopartage), la diffusion des véhicules zéro émission ; La construction des capacités industrielles pour la production des véhicules du futur et de leurs composants ; Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence) ; et La prise en compte des contraintes budgétaires des ménages et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs permettant de réduire l’effort d’investissement. En ce qui concerne les infrastructures de transport urbain, un point de passage obligé semble résider dans une coopération renforcée entre Ministère de l’intérieur, Ministère des transports et collectivités locales.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Des systèmes d’incitation combinant information-sensibilisation et incitations économiques (politique de prix de l’essence)
Country: Morocco
Document: LTS

Les équilibres trouvés entre ces différentes solutions auront des conséquences importantes pour les industries de matériaux et pour celles produisant des composants et équipements du bâtiment. De même, les choix en matière de transports et de réseaux associés auront des impacts majeurs à la fois sur les industries de matériaux structurels pour les infrastructures (acier, béton) et sur les industries manufacturières pour l’assemblage, la production des pièces et, in fine, celle des véhicules zéro émissions (électriques, voire hydrogène). Que ce soit dans le bâtiment ou les transports, la perspective du cycle de vie doit être adoptée pour le développement de solutions adaptées, dans une perspective « d’économie circulaire », dont les temps-clé peuvent être présentés comme une approche 3R : Reduce-Reuse-Recycle. Source : CEREMA, fiche modèle TRANUS.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Que ce soit dans le bâtiment ou les transports, la perspective du cycle de vie doit être adoptée pour le développement de solutions adaptées, dans une perspective « d’économie circulaire », dont les temps-clé peuvent être présentés comme une approche 3R : Reduce-Reuse-Recycle
Country: Slovakia
Document: LTS

Based on the projections in the WEM reference scenario, it is clear that additional measures need to be taken in the future to reverse trends in emissions that are incompatible with Slovakia s target of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. 2.5.3.3 Possibilities of Decarbonising the Transport Sector under the WAM Scenario The following extra measures were used in modelling compared to the WEM scenario: Changing the distribution of traffic, which will result in a reduction in the performance of road freight transport for roads over 300 km, of which 30% should be transferred to railway or waterway transport. Economic and tax instruments, which will result in a change in the projected energy consumption, environmentally friendly fuels will dominate, which should be with a lower tax.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Economic and tax instruments, which will result in a change in the projected energy consumption, environmentally friendly fuels will dominate, which should be with a lower tax.
Country: Slovakia
Document: LTS

Economic and tax instruments, which will result in a change in the projected energy consumption, environmentally friendly fuels will dominate, which should be with a lower tax. Increased road charging, which will result in a change in demand for road freight transport. According to the calculated projections (Figure 14) broken down by individual gas (Table 12 in Annex I), there are clear downward emission trends for CO2 and N2O until 2040 but CH4 emissions are growing in the WAM scenario compared to the WEM scenario. The most probable reason is a growing trend of natural gas consumption and biogas/biomethane consumption in road transport and its increasing share in fuel consumption, which has been included in the WAM scenario.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Economic and tax instruments, which will result in a change in the projected energy consumption, environmentally friendly fuels will dominate, which should be with a lower tax.
Country: Slovenia
Document: LTS

Rail transport and measures of sustainable mobility are put to the forefront, which will reduce GHG emissions in the transport sector and reduce traffic density. To implement this objective, Slovenia will: - upgrade the railway infrastructure (preparation by 2025, implementation by 2030); - upgrade and enhance capacities on the corridors Kamnik–Ljubljana (including electrification), Ljubljana–Kranj (double track), corridor south-east of Ljubljana, area of Ljubljana railway stations and stop facilities; - upgrade tracks to attain TEN-T standards and increase the capacities on the lines Koper–Ljubljana (new Koper–Divača line, upgrade of the Divača–Ljubljana section), Maribor–Šentilj, Pragersko–Maribor (increase in permissible loads), Zidani Most– Pragersko, Ljubljana–Jesenice (the Karavanke Tunnel); - further develop integrated public transport (harmonisation of timetables, integration of urban transport, establishment of a single/suitable public passenger transport operator, development of shared mobility, introduction of prioritisation of public transport vehicles, integration of cableway installations); - promote sustainable modes of transport within the calculation of travel costs; - reduce the needs for personal vehicle usage (work from home, change in parking policy, etc.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: promote sustainable modes of transport within the calculation of travel costs;
Country: Slovenia
Document: LTS

To implement this objective, Slovenia will: - upgrade the railway infrastructure (preparation by 2025, implementation by 2030); - upgrade and enhance capacities on the corridors Kamnik–Ljubljana (including electrification), Ljubljana–Kranj (double track), corridor south-east of Ljubljana, area of Ljubljana railway stations and stop facilities; - upgrade tracks to attain TEN-T standards and increase the capacities on the lines Koper–Ljubljana (new Koper–Divača line, upgrade of the Divača–Ljubljana section), Maribor–Šentilj, Pragersko–Maribor (increase in permissible loads), Zidani Most– Pragersko, Ljubljana–Jesenice (the Karavanke Tunnel); - further develop integrated public transport (harmonisation of timetables, integration of urban transport, establishment of a single/suitable public passenger transport operator, development of shared mobility, introduction of prioritisation of public transport vehicles, integration of cableway installations); - promote sustainable modes of transport within the calculation of travel costs; - reduce the needs for personal vehicle usage (work from home, change in parking policy, etc. ): this will improve the integration of spatial and transport planning (legal arrangements of comprehensive planning, reduce the suburbanisation trend, improve the management of daily migrations in broader urban areas and other functionally linked areas, enhance the compactness of towns, enhance the renovation and reactivation of poorly utilised or degraded areas in rural settlements for activities enabling an increase in local employment and a reduction in daily migrations to towns) and accordingly arrange micromobility hubs on city arterial roads and along motorways; - actively promote the construction of an infrastructure for walking and cycling for daily users, including suitable infrastructure for charging stations and promotion of the use of electric bicycles; - change the excise duty policy and adjust the toll policy in accordance with the guidelines of the EU legislation: - ensure suitable support environment for a comprehensive electrification of the Port of Koper; - provide suitable support environment for the use of alternative fuels such as electricity, liquefied and compressed natural gas, which will be gradually replaced by synthetic gas (syngas), hydrogen (H2 ) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which is of transitory nature, and biofuels, and - simplify administrative procedures in transport electrification.The attainment of minimum emissions in transport by 2050 will be adapted to society’s needs and have a minimum environmental impact.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: promote sustainable modes of transport within the calculation of travel costs;
Country: Slovenia
Document: LTS

To implement this objective, Slovenia will: - upgrade the railway infrastructure (preparation by 2025, implementation by 2030); - upgrade and enhance capacities on the corridors Kamnik–Ljubljana (including electrification), Ljubljana–Kranj (double track), corridor south-east of Ljubljana, area of Ljubljana railway stations and stop facilities; - upgrade tracks to attain TEN-T standards and increase the capacities on the lines Koper–Ljubljana (new Koper–Divača line, upgrade of the Divača–Ljubljana section), Maribor–Šentilj, Pragersko–Maribor (increase in permissible loads), Zidani Most– Pragersko, Ljubljana–Jesenice (the Karavanke Tunnel); - further develop integrated public transport (harmonisation of timetables, integration of urban transport, establishment of a single/suitable public passenger transport operator, development of shared mobility, introduction of prioritisation of public transport vehicles, integration of cableway installations); - promote sustainable modes of transport within the calculation of travel costs; - reduce the needs for personal vehicle usage (work from home, change in parking policy, etc. ): this will improve the integration of spatial and transport planning (legal arrangements of comprehensive planning, reduce the suburbanisation trend, improve the management of daily migrations in broader urban areas and other functionally linked areas, enhance the compactness of towns, enhance the renovation and reactivation of poorly utilised or degraded areas in rural settlements for activities enabling an increase in local employment and a reduction in daily migrations to towns) and accordingly arrange micromobility hubs on city arterial roads and along motorways; - actively promote the construction of an infrastructure for walking and cycling for daily users, including suitable infrastructure for charging stations and promotion of the use of electric bicycles; - change the excise duty policy and adjust the toll policy in accordance with the guidelines of the EU legislation: - ensure suitable support environment for a comprehensive electrification of the Port of Koper; - provide suitable support environment for the use of alternative fuels such as electricity, liquefied and compressed natural gas, which will be gradually replaced by synthetic gas (syngas), hydrogen (H2 ) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which is of transitory nature, and biofuels, and - simplify administrative procedures in transport electrification.The attainment of minimum emissions in transport by 2050 will be adapted to society’s needs and have a minimum environmental impact.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: change the excise duty policy and adjust the toll policy in accordance with the guidelines of the EU legislation:
Country: Slovenia
Document: LTS

): this will improve the integration of spatial and transport planning (legal arrangements of comprehensive planning, reduce the suburbanisation trend, improve the management of daily migrations in broader urban areas and other functionally linked areas, enhance the compactness of towns, enhance the renovation and reactivation of poorly utilised or degraded areas in rural settlements for activities enabling an increase in local employment and a reduction in daily migrations to towns) and accordingly arrange micromobility hubs on city arterial roads and along motorways; - actively promote the construction of an infrastructure for walking and cycling for daily users, including suitable infrastructure for charging stations and promotion of the use of electric bicycles; - change the excise duty policy and adjust the toll policy in accordance with the guidelines of the EU legislation: - ensure suitable support environment for a comprehensive electrification of the Port of Koper; - provide suitable support environment for the use of alternative fuels such as electricity, liquefied and compressed natural gas, which will be gradually replaced by synthetic gas (syngas), hydrogen (H2 ) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which is of transitory nature, and biofuels, and - simplify administrative procedures in transport electrification.The attainment of minimum emissions in transport by 2050 will be adapted to society’s needs and have a minimum environmental impact. Efficient public passenger mobility will be implemented by modern means of transport.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: change the excise duty policy and adjust the toll policy in accordance with the guidelines of the EU legislation:
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

• UK aviation and shipping will achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Ahead of that, our domestic lead will act as a showcase to the world and bolster our call to action internationally, where cooperation and collaboration through the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO), will continue to be vital to decarbonise these industries. • The Government has set CB6 to formally include the UK’s share of international aviation and shipping emissions, as recommended by the CCC, which allows these emissions to be accounted for within CB6. • We will address aviation emissions through new technology such as electric and hydrogen aircraft, the commercialisation of sustainable aviation fuels, increasing operational efficiencies, developing and implementing market-based measures and GHG removal methods, while influencing consumers to make more sustainable choices when flying.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: We will address aviation emissions through new technology such as electric and hydrogen aircraft, the commercialisation of sustainable aviation fuels, increasing operational efficiencies, developing and implementing market-based measures and GHG removal methods, while influencing consumers to make more sustainable choices when flying.
Country: United Kingdom
Document: LTS

• We will address aviation emissions through new technology such as electric and hydrogen aircraft, the commercialisation of sustainable aviation fuels, increasing operational efficiencies, developing and implementing market-based measures and GHG removal methods, while influencing consumers to make more sustainable choices when flying. • The UK will play an important role in developing zero emission maritime technology, such as alternative fuel powered vessels using ammonia or methanol produced from low carbon hydrogen, or highly efficient batteries, particularly where we can build on domestic expertise to capture early market share. • As we have stated in the Ten Point Plan and the Transport Decarbonisation Plan, we need to ensure that the taxation of motoring keeps pace with the change to electric vehicles to ensure that we can continue to fund the first-class public services and infrastructure that people and families across the UK expect.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: We will address aviation emissions through new technology such as electric and hydrogen aircraft, the commercialisation of sustainable aviation fuels, increasing operational efficiencies, developing and implementing market-based measures and GHG removal methods, while influencing consumers to make more sustainable choices when flying.
Country: United States of America
Document: LTS

To support this outcome, the United States set a goal for half of all new light-duty cars sold in 2030 to be zero-emission vehicles, to produce 3 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel by 2030, and to accelerate deployment and reduce costs in every mode of transportation. This will occur through lower vehicle costs; fuel economy and emissions standards in light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; incentives for zero- emission vehicles and clean fuels; investment in a new charging infrastructure to support multi-unit dwellings, public charging, and long-distance travel; scaling up biorefineries; comprehensive innovation investments to reduce hydrogen costs; and investment in infrastructure that supports all modes of clean transportation—such as transit, rail, biking, micro mobility, and pedestrian options. Making progress this decade requires investing in domestic manufacturing and reliable supply chains for clean fuels, batteries, and vehicles.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: to accelerate deployment and reduce costs in every mode of transportation. This will occur through lower vehicle costs;
Country: Australia
Document: LTS

Charging points are becoming more common in urban and regional areas. According to industry estimates, the number of charging stations in Australia increased by almost 25% over the year to July 2021.46 However, public and private investment in battery electric charging infrastructure needs to increase to build consumer confidence and enable large-scale uptake. Investment is also needed in refuelling infrastructure for hydrogen and other alternative fuels. The Australian Government is tackling these issues through the forthcoming Future Fuels Strategy and a range of Government investments (Box 3.3). It will also develop a new ERF method to further incentivise the rollout of low emissions transport infrastructure. States and territories are also making substantial investments towards recharging networks. Australia is also helping the heavy vehicle fleet to reduce emissions.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: The Australian Government is tackling these issues through the forthcoming Future Fuels Strategy and a range of Government investments (Box 3.3). It will also develop a new ERF method to further incentivise the rollout of low emissions transport infrastructure. States and territories are also making substantial investments towards recharging networks.
Country: Barbados
Document: Updated NDC

Under the aegis of the Physical Development Plan, described above, a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for the Greater Bridgetown Area and the Urban Corridor has been prepared. This plan aims at upgrading the public transport system (fleet renovation, payment systems, tracking systems and demand management), introducing bicycle lanes, connected sidewalks and accessibility measures, as well as parking management policies. Initiatives such as the urban renewal investments in Pile Bay to Harts Gap corridor, the Bridgetown Public Market and Fishing Harbor and the Greater Carlisle Bay incorporate low-carbon transportation measures. These measures may not have been devised as part of the NDC, they contribute to the regulatory, financial and behavioral changes that are required towards a low-carbon climate resilient transportation and mobility system in Barbados.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Initiatives such as the urban renewal investments in Pile Bay to Harts Gap corridor, the Bridgetown Public Market and Fishing Harbor and the Greater Carlisle Bay incorporate low-carbon transportation measures. These measures may not have been devised as part of the NDC, they contribute to the regulatory, financial and behavioral changes that are required towards a low-carbon climate resilient transportation and mobility system in Barbados.
Country: Indonesia
Document: LTS

• The breakdown of transport energy in 2050 are: biofuels (46%), oil fuels (20%), electricity (30%) and natural gas (4%). The biofuel (CPO-based) programme is considered successful and will be continued to 2050 by supplying biofuel with higher biodiesel proportions (B30, B40, B50), which will be produced from sustainable sources. • “Mobility as a service” will continue to grow. • Household expenditure for transport is around 20% of total household spending. • Choice of mode of transport is affected by cost, comfort level and social status. • Many cities are connected by inter-city trains especially in Java. Existing plan shows that 3,200 km of train tracks will be built to serve transport in Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. b.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Household expenditure for transport is around 20% of total household spending.
Country: Norway
Document: LTS

It is intended to bring about reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector that are consistent with Norway’s transformation to a low-emission society, and to reduce other adverse environmental impacts. Other important elements of the plan include phasing in new technology, the development of infrastructure for zero-emission vehicles, and tax policy. The Government’s initiatives for freight transport; for public transport, walking and cycling; and for green shipping should also reduce emissions from the sector. Norway’s electric vehicle policy has already reduced average greenhouse gas emissions from passenger cars. About 8 % of passenger cars in Norway were electric by the first quarter of 2019. The Ministry of Climate and Environment tasked Enova with establishing a zero-emission fund, which was launched in summer 2019.

Question: For what activities are envisioned economic instruments?
Answer: Other important elements of the plan include phasing in new technology, the development of infrastructure for zero-emission vehicles, and tax policy.