The Archaeo-Term Project: Multilingual Terminology in Archaeology
Authors: Giulia Speranza, Raffaele Manna, Maria Pia di Buono, Johanna Monti (Università di Napoli L'Orientale, 2020)
Topic: Latin Resources

Abstract
In this paper, we present the Archaeo-Term Project, along with one of its first efforts in enhancing multilingual access to Archaeological data, making available a resource of Archaeological terms within the framework of YourTerm CULT project. In order to enhance and promote the use of a terminological common ground across different languages the Archaeo-Term multilingual Glossary is intended both for scholars, experts in the field, translators and the general public. Its first release contains terms in Italian, English, German, Spanish and Dutch together with PoS, definitions and other linguistic information. This paper presents the data and the methodology adopted to create the glossary as well as the evaluation of the first results. {\let\thefootnote\relax}

Introduction
Languages for Special Purposes (LSP) have their roots in the need of communicating specialised and technical knowledge within a restricted group of domain experts. From a linguistic perspective, LSP are mainly characterised by the use of specialised terminology, which is usually monosemous for the principle of clearly defining concepts and avoiding miscommunication and can often result opaque and unintelligible to laypeople AUTHOR. In fact, for these reasons, it is often necessary to modulate specialised languages when both oral and written communication takes place between expert and non-experts, in order to ease the didactic and informative functions of communication AUTHOR. The language used in the domain of Cultural Heritage (CH), and its sub-domains, such as Archaeology, shares many points with other LSPs, such as the presence of technical terminology, terms of Greek and Latin origins, re-semantisation of common words into specialised domains of knowledge, complex multiword expressions, to mention a few. Nonetheless, it has been traditionally less investigated if compared to, for example, the language of medicine or law, which are considered soft disciplines too. As a consequence, except for a few felicitous examples (see Section 2), language resources and especially terminological resources, in this domain, are still needed. Language resources such as glossaries, thesauri, dictionaries and term-banks are invaluable sources for language experts, translators, learners, among others. Their development can often be demanding and time-consuming, especially when carried out manually. Specialised domain resources are even more challenging because their creation also needs the validation of experts in the domain of knowledge. In this paper we present our work aimed at the creation of a multilingual glossary of archaeological terms, which is useful in many application scenarios from Machine Translation (MT) to Natural Language Processing (NLP). The remainder of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 describes related work and, following this, Section 3 presents the Archaeo-Term Project's aims and the creation of the multilingual glossary of archaeological terms, along with the description of the starting data used so far, namely the ICCD Thesaurus, and the methodology applied to extract multilingual data from the Getty AAT. To complete this section, we illustrate the first results together with their evaluation. Finally, the paper ends with the conclusions and the future work.

Conclusion
In this paper we present our Archaeo-Term Project aimed at the creation of a multilingual glossary on archaeology. The Glossary is the result of an extraction and merging process from two already available resources released according to the RDF Data Model, namely the RDF/SKOS version of the Italian ICCD Thesaurus and the LOD version of the multilingual Getty AAT. The Archaeo-Term glossary is an ongoing project which will address, as future steps, the completion of missing data (terms, definitions, correspondences, examples, etc.) for English, Dutch, Spanish and German, as well as the enlargement of the glossary on the basis of the semi-automatic extraction of terminology from specialised corpora and other existing glossaries for the languages currently foreseen. Furthermore, we also plan to implement the glossary with other languages such as French, Swedish, Chinese and Russian. As future work we also plan to convert the result of Archaeo-Term project into more formalised formats, i.e., both TBX format (TermBase eXchange) to be used in connection with CAT-Tools and Ontolex-Lemon Model (McCrae et al., 2017), following the Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) principles. Finally, when we achieve a more complete version of the glossary we plan to publish it also on a Research Infrastructure Repository such as CLARIN.