Errori di OCR e riconoscimento di entità nell'Archivio Storico de La Stampa
Authors: Andrea Bolioli, Eleonora Marchioni, Raffaella Ventaglio (CELI Language Technology, 2014)
Topic: Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis

Abstract
In this article we present the project of recognition of entity mentions carried out for the Historic Archive of the Press and a brief analysis of the OCR errors found in the documents. The automatic recording was carried out on about 5 million articles, in editions from 1910 to 2005.

Introduction
In this article we will synthesically describe the project of automatic notification of entity references carried out on the documents of the Historic Archive of the Press, i.e. the au-tomatic recognition of the references of people, entities and organizations (the √ìnamed entities√ì) carried out on about 5 million articles of the quo-day, followed by the wider project of digitalization of the Historic Archive. 1 Although the project dates back to a few years ago (2011), we think it may be of interest in 1As you read on the website of the Historical Archive (www.archiviolastampa.it), √ìThe project of digitalization of the Historical Archive The Press was carried out by the Comi-tato for the Library of Journalistic Information (CB-DIG) promoted by the Piemonte Region, the San Paolo Company, the CRT Foundation and the publisher The Press, with the aim of creating an online database intended for public consultation and accessible for free. It was the first project of digitalization of the entire historic archive of an Italian-Ian newspaper, and one of the first international projects of an-notation automatic of an entire archive. In 2008, the New York Times had released a recorded cor-pus containing about 1.8 million articles from 1987 to 2007 (New York Times Annotated Corpus, 2008), which had been manually recorded people, organizations, places and other relevant information using con-trolled vocabulary. The Historic Archive of the Press contains a total of 1,761,000 digitalized pages, for a total of over 12 million articles, of various publications (The Press, Press Sera, Tuttolibri, Tuttoscienze, etc.From 1867 to 2005. The automatic recognition of the entity is limited to the articles of the La Prampa successive to 1910, identified as such by the presence of a title, i.e. approximately 4,800,000 documents. The announcement of the mentions in the articles enables us to analyze the co-need between the entity and other linguistic data, their time movements, and the generation of infographics, which we cannot deepen in this article. In Figure 1, we only show as an example the chart of the people most cited in the newspaper articles over the decades. In the rest of the article we briefly present an analysis of the OCR errors present in transcriptions, before describing the procedures taken for the automatic recognition of the mentions and the results obtained.

Conclusion
In this short article we mentioned some of the methodologies and issues of the automatic notification project of 5 million articles of the Historic Archive of the Press. We have some difficulties related to the presence of considerable OCR errors and the width and variety of the archive (the entire archive goes from 1867 to 2005). These problems could-be addressed positively using information and methodologies that we have little to experience in this project, such as at. The crowdsourcing.ori