The iDAI.publication: extracting and linking information in the publications of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI)
Authors: Francesco Mambrini (Deutsches Archaologisches Institut, 2018)
Topic: Latin Resources

Abstract
We present the results of our atEnglish. We present the results of our attempt to use NLP tools in order to identify named entities in the publications of the Deutsches Arch¨aologisches Institute (DAI) and link the identiﬁed locations to entries in the iDAI.gazetteer. Our case study focuses on articles written in German and published in the journal Chiron between 1971 and 2014. We describe the annotation pipeline that starts from the digitized texts published in the new portal of the DAI. We evaluate the performances of geoparsing and NER and test an approach to improve the accuracy of the latter.

Introduction
The iDAI.publications and the iDAI.world The Deutsches Arch¨aologisches Institute (German Archaeological Institute, henceforth DAI) is a German agency operating within the sphere of responsibility of the federal Foreign Ofﬁce; the goal of the institue is to promote research in archaeological sciences and on ancient civilizations worldwide. Founded in Rome in 1829, the DAI has developed into a complex institution, with branches and ofﬁces located around the world. The Institute has participated in several projects, including missions of paramount importance like those in Olympia, Pergamon or Elephantine. One of the most visible output of this activity is the amount of scientiﬁc publications produced by the DAI. The Institute currently publishes 14 international journals and 70 book series on different topics.1 Since 2018, part of this collection is now accessible to the public on a new online portal named idai.publications for books and journals.2 This ongoing initiative will not only enable researchers to have easier access to the published works; even more importantly, it will allow the Institute to integrate the data contained in articles and books (such as persons, places and archaeological sites, artifacts and monuments) into a network of all the other digital resources of the DAI. All the digital collections of the DAI are indeed designed to operate within a network known as the idai.welt (or idai.world).3 This network includes web collections such as “Arachne”, some of the most comprehensive bibliographies in the areas of activity of the different branches. The other cornerstone of the idai.world is represented by the layer of web-based services such as thesauri and controlled vocabularies. The idai.gazetteer,6 in particular, connects names of locations with unique identiﬁers and coordinates; the gazetteer is intended to serve both as a controlled list of topnyms for DAI’s services and to link the geographic data with other gazetteers. Unique identiﬁers deﬁned in the idai.gazetteer are already used to connect places and entries in Zenon and Arachne. In this way, users of these services can already query monuments and artifacts in Arachne or books in Zenon that are linked to a speciﬁc place.

Conclusion
The use of in-domain CRF models trained specifically for the target journal and adopting a specialized gazetteer for place names improves on the baseline of the out-of-the-box NER tools in our initial pipeline. It is likely that the accuracy on the Chiron data can be further increased with additional training. Given that an accurate recognition is a prerequisite for geoparsing, we plan to concentrate our effort on the NER components. We intend to progress in the direction discussed above, in particular by: a. training and evaluating models for the other languages (French, English, Italian, Spanish) b. testing the models on other publications in the portal. In a more distant future, we also intend to include support to the identiﬁcation (and subsequent linking) of other named entities of interest for archaeologists, such as artifacts, monuments and chronological references.