NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

MICHAEL A. HARTSELL,

Plaintiff

- Appellee,

v.

COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO; TRENTON STROH, San Diego County Deputy Sheriff,

Defendants

- Appellants,

and

DOES, 1

- 15,

Defendant. No. 19

- 55379

D.C. No.

3:16

- cv

- 01094

- LAB

- LL

MEMORANDUM *

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Southern District of California Larry A. Burns, Chief District Judge, Presiding

Submitted , Submission Deferred March 31, 2020 * *

Resubmitted April 21, 2020 Pasadena, California

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36

- 3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2). 

# FILED

APR 21 2020

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS2

Before: MURGUIA and MILLER, Circuit Judges, and STE EH, ** * District Judge.

San Diego County Deputy Sheriff Trenton Stroh and the County of San

Diego appeal from the district court’s order denying in part their motion for

summary judgment on the basis of qualified immunity in Michael Hartsell ’s 42

U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging excessive force

. We review the denial of qualified

immunity de novo

. Act Up !/Portland v. Bagley

, 988 F.2d 868, 871 (9th Cir. 1993).

We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 , and w e affirm

.

We consider two questions to determin e whether a government official is

entitled to qualified immunity: (1) whether, “[t]aken in the ligh t most favorable to

the party asserting the injury,

. . . the facts alleged show the officer ’ s conduct

violated a constitutional right”; and (2) if so, “whether the right was clearly

established.” Saucier v. Katz , 533 U.S. 194, 201 (2001), overruled on other

grounds by Pearson v. Callahan , 555 U.S. 223, 236

– 42 (2009).

1. Evaluating the force employed by Stroh against Hartsell through his

police canine under the standards articulated in Graham v. Connor , 490 U.S. 386,

394

– 98 (1989), and Miller v . Clark County , 340 F.3d 959, 964 (9th Cir. 2003), we

conclude that, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to Hartsell, a

reasonable factfinder could conclude that Stroh’s continued use of force became

*** The Honorable George Caram Steeh III, United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Michigan, sitting by designatio n.3

objectively unreasona ble when Hartsell comp lied with instructions to show his

hands

, emerged from the brush with the canine attached to his arm , and was within

the deputies’ control, if not sooner

.

2. Moreover, p reexisting l aw g ave Stroh f air w arning that it would be

unlawful to use a canine in a prolonged manner under circumstances such as those

alleged by Hartsell. I n the particularized context of the use of police canines

, we

held more than twenty years ago that “it was clearly established that excessiv e

duration of [a canine] bite [or] improper encouragement of a continuation of [an]

attack by officers could constitute excessive force that would be a constitutional

violation.” Watkins v. City of Oakland , 145 F.3d 1087, 109 3 (9th Cir. 1998) ; see

also Me ndoza v. Block

, 27 F.3d 1357, 1362 (9th Cir. 1994) (citing, as an example

of excessive force, “ a deputy sic [cing] a canine on a handcuffed arrestee who has

fully surrendered and is completely under control ”)

.

Accordingly, t he district court properly denied qualified immunity in part

.

AFFIRMED. 1

1 Defendants

- Appellants ’ motion to dismiss the County of San Diego as a party to this appeal is granted (Doc. 34)

.