#### IN RE: LLOYDS BANK PLC INTERNATIONAL MORTGAGE SERVICE LOAN LITIGATION.

MDL No. 2501.

United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation.

Feb. 14, 2014.

Before JOHN G. HEYBURN II, Chairman, MARJORIE O. RENDELL, CHARLES R. BREYER, SARAH S. VANCE, and ELLEN SEGAL HUVELLE, Judges of the Panel.

ORDER DENYING TRANSFER

JOHN G. HEYBURN II, Chairman.

Before the Panel: * Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, common defendant Lloyds TSB Bank pic (Lloyds) moves to centralize this litigation in the Northern District of *1353California. The litigation encompasses two actions *(Dugan*and Osmena) pending in that district and a third action (Willcox) pending in the District of Hawaii, as listed on Schedule A.1 The *Dugan*and *Willcox*plaintiffs submitted responses in opposition to the motion.

On the basis of the papers filed and the hearing session held, we will deny the motion for centralization. In doing so, we acknowledge that the subject actions do share, to some extent, factual issues concerning Lloyds’ marketing and sale of loans that were “dual currency” *(i.e.,*stated in U.S. dollars but subject to redenomi-nation into a foreign currency at the borrower’s discretion). In particular, all three actions involve allegations that these loans were subject to a variable interest rate set at a fixed percentage (usually 1.5%) above Lloyds’ “Cost of Funds,” and that Lloyds arbitrarily increased its “Cost of Funds” dui'ing the course of the loans, thereby raising plaintiffs’ borrowing costs.

As a practical matter, however, there are but two actions in this docket, as the two California actions have been consolidated for all purposes. Informal coordination among the two involved courts seems practicable — just as it does among the parties, given that the *Dugan*and *Willcox*plaintiffs share counsel, and the same law firm represents Lloyds in all actions. *See In re: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharm., Inc., Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) Litig.,*763 F.Supp.2d 1377, 1378 (J.P.M.L.2011) (denying centralization of four actions in which plaintiffs in three actions shared counsel and the common defendant was represented by the same counsel in all actions, concluding that “alternatives to formal centralization, such as voluntary cooperation among the few involved counsel and courts, appeared] viable”).

The widely varying procedural postures of the actions also weigh against centralization. Indeed, while the Hawaii action was only recently commenced, the consolidated action in California is, by any measure, quite advanced. The presiding judge ruled on a motion to dismiss in September 2012, as well as a motion for class certification in April 2013, and recently gave preliminary approval to a partial class settlement. Discovery in the California action is essentially over, whereas it has not yet even begun in the Hawaii action. *See, e.g., In re: Brandywine Commc’ns. Techs., LLC, Patent Litig.,*959 F.Supp.2d 1377, 1379-81 (J.P.M.L.2013) (denying centralization, observing that the differing procedural postures of the actions made it less likely that they would benefit from MDL treatment).

IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the motion pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1407, for centralization of these three actions is denied.

SCHEDULE A

MDL No. 2501 — IN RE: LLOYDS BANK PLC INTERNATIONAL MORTGAGE SERVICE LOAN LITIGATION

*Northern District of California*

*District of Hawaii*

*Bradley Willcox v. Lloyds TSB Bank, plc,*et al., C.A. No. 1:13-00508

*

 Judge Paul J. Barbadoro and Judge Lewis A. Kaplan took no part in the decision of this matter.

1

. The Panel has been informed of one additional related federal action, pending in the Western District of Washington.