# Patent

## Title
PUCCH resource allocation for carrier aggregation in LTE-advanced

## Abstract

The invention is a method and apparatus for signaling uplink control information in a mobile communication network using carrier aggregation. The signaling mechanism allows the transmission, on a single uplink component carrier, of control information associated with a downlink transmission on multiple aggregated downlink component carriers. Semi-statically reserved resources for the transmission of control information on the uplink component carrier may be dynamically shared by user terminals that are assigned multiple downlink component carriers for downlink transmissions. Implicit or explicit resource indication can be used in combination with dynamic resource indication.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/248,661 filed Oct. 5, 2009, which is incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to carrier aggregation in a mobile communication system and, more particularly, to an efficient resource allocation for the physical uplink control channel for carrier aggregation.
BACKGROUND
Carrier aggregation is one of the new features being discussed for the next generation of Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, which is being standardized as part of LTE Release 10 (known as LTE-Advanced). LTE Rel 8 currently supports bandwidths up to 20 MHz. In LTE-Advanced, bandwidths up to 100 MHz will be supported. The very high data rates contemplated for LTE-Advanced will require an expansion of the transmission bandwidth. In order to maintain backward compatibility with LTE Rel-8 user terminals, the available spectrum is divided into Rel-8 compatible chunks called component carriers. Carrier aggregation enables the needed bandwidth expansion by allowing user terminals to transmit data over multiple component carriers comprising up to 100 MHz of spectrum. Carrier aggregation also ensures efficient use of a wide carrier for legacy terminals by making it possible for legacy terminals to be scheduled in all parts of the wideband LTE-Advanced carrier.
The number of aggregated component carriers, as well as the bandwidth of the individual component carrier, may be different for Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL). A symmetric configuration refers to the case where the number of component carriers in downlink and uplink is the same. An asymmetric configuration refers to the case where the number of component carriers is different. The number of component carriers configured for a geographic cell area may be different from the number of component carriers seen by a terminal. A user terminal, for example, may support more downlink component carriers than uplink component carriers, even though in the geographic cell area the same number of uplink and downlink component carriers is offered by the network.
One consideration for carrier aggregation is how to transmit control signaling from the user terminal on the uplink from the user terminal. Uplink control signaling may include acknowledgement (ACK) signaling for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols, channel state and quality information (CSI, CQI) reporting for downlink scheduling, and scheduling requests (SRs) indicating that the user terminal needs uplink resources for uplink data transmissions. One solution is to transmit the uplink control information on multiple uplink component carriers associated with different downlink component carriers. However, this option is likely to result in higher user terminal power consumption and a dependency on specific user terminal capabilities. It may also create implementation issues due to inter-modulation products, and may lead to generally higher complexity for implementation and testing.
SUMMARY
The invention provides a signaling mechanism for efficient transmission of control information in a communication system using carrier aggregation. The signaling mechanism allows the transmission, on a single uplink component carrier, of control information associated with downlink transmissions on multiple aggregated downlink component carriers. Semi-statically reserved resources for the transmission of control information on the uplink component carrier may be dynamically shared by user terminals that are assigned multiple downlink component carriers for downlink transmissions. Implicit or explicit resource indication can be used in combination with dynamic resource indication.
One exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a method implemented by a base station of receiving control information from user terminals. The method comprises scheduling downlink transmissions to said user terminal on one or more downlink component carriers; if the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a first single downlink component carrier, receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the user terminal on a first set of radio resources on a uplink primary component carrier associated with said first downlink component carrier; and if the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a second single downlink component carrier or multiple downlink component carriers, receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the user terminal on a second set of radio resources on the uplink primary component carrier.
Another exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a base station for transmitting data to one or more user terminals. The base station comprises a transmitter to transmit user data on one or more downlink component carriers to a user terminal; and a controller to schedule downlink transmissions to the user terminal. The controller is configured to schedule downlink transmissions to the user terminal on one or more downlink component carriers; if the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a first single downlink component carrier, receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the user terminal on a first set of radio resources on a uplink primary component carrier associated with said first downlink component carrier; and, if the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a second single downlink component carrier or multiple downlink component carriers, receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the user terminal on a second set of radio resources on the uplink primary component carrier.
Another exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a method of transmitting control information implemented by a user terminal in a mobile communication network. The method comprises receiving an assignment of radio resources for downlink transmissions from a base station; transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmissions on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier if an assignment of single downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received; and transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmissions on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier if an assignment of multiple downlink component carriers for the downlink transmission is received.
Another exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a user terminal configured to send control information associated with downlink transmissions on one or more downlink component carriers. The user terminal comprises a receiver to receive downlink transmissions from a base station; a transmitter to transmit control information associated with the downlink transmission to a base station; and a controller to select radio resources for transmission of control information associated with the downlink transmissions. The controller is configured to select a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier if an assignment of a single downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received; and select a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier if an assignment of multiple downlink component carriers for the downlink transmission is received.
Another exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises an alternate method of transmitting control information implemented by a user terminal in a mobile communication network. The method comprises receiving an assignment of radio resources for a downlink transmissions from a base station; transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmission on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier if an assignment of a first downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received; and transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmission on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier if an assignment of a second downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received.
Another exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a user terminal configured to send control information associated with downlink transmissions on one or more downlink component carriers. The user terminal comprises a receiver to receive downlink transmissions from a base station; a transmitter to transmit control information associated with the downlink transmission to a base station; and a controller to select radio resources for transmission of control information associated with the downlink transmission. The controller is configured to select a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier if an assignment of a first downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received; and select a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier if an assignment of a second downlink component carrier for the downlink transmission is received.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary OFDM communication system.
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary time-frequency grid for an OFDM system.
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary time-domain structure for an OFDM system.
FIG. 4 illustrates uplink L1/L2 control signaling transmission on PUCCH.
FIG. 5 illustrates the PUCCH format 1 using a normal cyclic prefix.
FIG. 6 illustrates the PUCCH format 2 using a normal cyclic prefix.
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary allocation of resource blocks for PUCCH.
FIG. 8 illustrates the concept of carrier aggregation.
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary method implemented by a base station of receiving control information from user terminals scheduled on a single carrier and multiple carriers.
FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary method implemented by a user terminal of signaling control information to a base station.
FIG. 11 illustrates another exemplary method implemented by a user terminal of signaling control information to a base station.
FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary base station with a controller for controlling downlink transmissions by the base station to one or more user terminals and associated transmissions of uplink control information by the user terminals
FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary user terminal with a controller for controlling transmission of uplink control information to a base station.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary mobile communication network 10 for providing wireless communication services to user terminals 100. Three user terminals 100 are shown in FIG. 1. The user terminals 100 may comprise, for example, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants, smart phones, laptop computers, handheld computers, or other devices with wireless communication capabilities. The mobile communication network 10 comprises a plurality of geographic cell areas or sectors 12. Each geographic cell area or sector 12 is served by a base station 20, which is referred to in LTE as a NodeB or Enhanced NodeB (eNodeB). A single base station 20 may provide service in multiple geographic cell areas or sectors 12. The user terminals 100 receive signals from a serving base station 20 on one or more downlink (DL) channels, and transmit signals to the base station 20 on one or more uplink (UL) channels.
For illustrative purposes, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in the context of a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, however, that the present invention is more generally applicable to other wireless communication systems, including Wideband Code-Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) and WiMax (IEEE 802.16) systems.
LTE uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in the downlink and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) spread OFDM in the uplink. The basic LTE downlink physical resource can be viewed as a time-frequency grid. FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of an exemplary OFDM time-frequency grid 50 for LTE. Generally speaking, the time-frequency grid 50 is divided into one millisecond subframes. Each subframe includes a number of OFDM symbols. For a normal cyclic prefix (CP) length, suitable for use in situations where muitipath dispersion is not expected to be extremely severe, a subframe comprises fourteen OFDM symbols. A subframe comprises twelve OFDM symbols if an extended cyclic prefix is used. In the frequency domain, the physical resources are divided into adjacent subcarriers with a spacing of 15 kHz. The number of subcarriers varies according to the allocated system bandwidth. The smallest element of the time-frequency grid 50 is a resource element. A resource element comprises one OFDM subcarrier during one OFDM symbol interval.
In LTE systems, data is transmitted to the user terminals over a downlink transport channel known as the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). The PDSCH is a time and frequency multiplexed channel shared by a plurality of user terminals. As shown in FIG. 3, the downlink transmissions are organized into 10 ms radio frames. Each radio frame comprises ten equally-sized subframes. For purposes of scheduling users to receive downlink transmissions, the downlink time-frequency resources are allocated in units called resource blocks (RBs). Each resource block spans twelve subcarriers (which may be adjacent or distributed across the frequency spectrum) and one 0.5 ms slot (one half of one subframe). The term “resource block pair” refers to two consecutive resource blocks occupying an entire one millisecond subframe.
The base station 20 dynamically schedules downlink transmissions to the user terminals based on channel state and quality information (CSI, CQI) reports from the user terminals on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The CQI and CSI reports indicate the instantaneous channel conditions as seen by the receiver. In each subframe, the base station 20 transmits downlink control information (DCI) identifying the user terminals that have been scheduled to receive data (hereinafter the scheduled terminals) in the current downlink subframe and the resource blocks on which the data is being transmitted to the scheduled terminals. The DCI is typically transmitted on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the first 1, 2, or 3 OFDM symbols in each subframe.
Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) is used to mitigate errors that occur during transmission of data on the downlink. When the base station 20 indicates that a user terminal 100 is scheduled to receive a transmission on the PDSCH, the user terminal 100 decodes the PDSCH and transmits an acknowledgement (ACK/NACK message to base station 20 on the PUCCH or PUSCH. The acknowledgement message informs the base station 20 whether the data packet was correctly received by the user terminal 100. The acknowledgement message could be either a positive acknowledgement (ACK) indicating a successful decoding or a negative acknowledgement (NACK) message indicating a decoding failure. Based on the acknowledgement message received from the user terminal 100, base station 20 determines whether to transmit new data (ACK received) or to retransmit the previous data (NACK received).
For uplink transmissions, the user terminals transmit scheduling requests (SRs) to the base station 20 on the PUCCH when the user terminals have data to send but no valid uplink grant. The base stations 20 allocate uplink resources responsive to the scheduling requests and transmit a scheduling grant to the user terminal 100 on the PDCCH. When the data is received, the base station 20 transmits ACK/NACK signaling to the user terminal 100 on the Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Indicator Channel. (PHICH) to indicate whether the data is received correctly.
If the user terminal 100 has not been assigned an uplink resource for data transmission, the L1/L2 control information (CQI reports, ACK/NACKs, and SRs) is transmitted in uplink resources (resource blocks) specifically assigned for uplink transmission of L1/L2 control information on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). As illustrated in FIG. 4, these resources are located at the edges of the total available cell bandwidth. Each PUCCH resource comprises of one resource block (twelve subcarriers) within each of the two slots of an uplink subframe. Frequency hopping is used to provide frequency diversity. The frequency of the resource blocks alternate at the slot boundary, with one resource block at the upper part of the spectrum within the first slot of a subframe and an equally sized resource block at the lower part of the spectrum during the second slot of the subframe, or vice versa. If more resources are needed for the uplink L1/L2 control signaling, e.g., in case of very large overall transmission bandwidth supporting a large number of users, additional resources blocks can be assigned adjacent the previously assigned resource blocks.
The reasons for locating the PUCCH resources at the edges of the overall available spectrum are two-fold. First, the allocation maximizes the frequency diversity, particularly when frequency hopping is employed. Second, the allocation avoids fragmentation of the uplink spectrum, which would make it impossible to assign very wide transmission bandwidths to a single user terminal 100 and still retain the single-carrier property of the uplink transmission.
The bandwidth of one resource block during one subframe is too large for the control signaling needs of a single user terminal 100. Therefore, to efficiently exploit the resources set aside for control signaling, multiple user terminals can share the same resource block. This is done by assigning the different terminals different orthogonal phase rotations of a cell-specific length-12 frequency-domain sequence. A linear phase rotation in the frequency domain is equivalent to applying a cyclic shift in the time domain. Thus, although the term “phase rotation” is used herein, the term cyclic shift is sometimes used with an implicit reference to the time domain.
The resource used by a PUCCH is therefore not only specified in the time-frequency domain by the resource-block pair, but also by the phase rotation applied. Similarly to the case of reference signals, there are up to twelve different phase rotations specified in the LTE standard, providing up to twelve different orthogonal sequences from each cell-specific sequence. However, in the case of frequency-selective channels, not all the twelve phase rotations can be used if orthogonality is to be maintained. Typically, up to six rotations are considered usable in a cell.
There are two message formats defined for transmission of control information on the PUCCH, each capable of carrying a different number of bits. A user terminal 100 uses PUCCH format 1 to transmit HARQ acknowledgements and scheduling requests. For CQI reporting, the user terminal 100 uses PUCCH format 2.
Hybrid-ARQ acknowledgements are used to acknowledge the reception of one (or two in case of spatial multiplexing) transport blocks in the downlink. Scheduling requests are used to request resources for uplink data transmission. A scheduling request is transmitted only when the user terminal 100 is requesting resources, otherwise the user terminal 100 stays silent in order to save battery resources and not create unnecessary interference. For scheduling requests, no explicit information bit is transmitted. Instead, the user terminal requests uplink resources by the presence (or absence) of energy on the corresponding PUCCH. Although HARQ acknowledgements and scheduling requests serve different purposes, they share the same PUCCH format. This format is referred to as PUCCH format 1 in the specifications
FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of a PUCCH format 1 message. The PUCCH format 1 uses the same structure in each of the two slots of a subframe. For transmission of a HARQ acknowledgement, the single HARQ acknowledgement bit is used to generate a BPSK symbol (in case of downlink spatial multiplexing the two acknowledgement bits are used to generate a QPSK symbol). For a scheduling request, on the other hand, the BPSK/QPSK symbol is replaced by a constellation point treated as negative acknowledgement at the base station 20. The modulation symbol is then used to generate the signal to be transmitted in each of the two PUCCH slots.
A PUCCH format 1 resource, used for either a HARQ acknowledgement or a scheduling request, is represented by a single scalar resource index. From the index, the phase rotation and the orthogonal cover sequence is derived. For HARQ transmission, the resource index to use for transmission of the HARQ acknowledgement is given implicitly by the DCI transmitted on the PDCCH to schedule the downlink transmission to the user terminal 100. Thus, the resources to use for an uplink HARQ acknowledgement vary dynamically and depend on the DCI used to schedule the user terminal 100 in each subframe.
In addition to dynamic scheduling based on the DCI transmitted by the base station on the PDCCH, it is also possible to semi-persistently schedule a user terminal 100 according to a specific pattern. In this case the configuration information indicating the semi-persistent scheduling pattern includes information on the PUCCH index to use for the HARQ acknowledgements. The configuration information also informs the user terminal 100 which PUCCH resources to use for transmission of scheduling requests.
The PUCCH resources are split into two parts: a semi-static part and a dynamic part. The semi-static part of the PUCCH resources is used for scheduling requests and HARQ acknowledgements from semi-persistent users. The amount of resources used for the semi-static part of PUCCH 1 resources does not vary dynamically. The dynamic part is used for dynamically scheduled user terminals. As the number of dynamically scheduled terminals varies, the amount of resources used for the dynamic PUCCHs varies.
Channel-status reports are used to provide the base station 20 with an estimate of the channel conditions as seen by the user terminal 100 in order to aid channel-dependent scheduling. A channel-status report consists of multiple bits per subframe. PUCCH format 1, which is capable of at most two bits or information per subframe, can not be used for this purpose. Transmission of channel-status reports on the PUCCH is instead handled by PUCCH format 2, which is capable of multiple information bits per subframe.
PUCCH format 2, illustrated for normal cyclic prefix in FIG. 6, is based on a phase rotation of the same cell-specific sequence as format 1. Similarly to format 1, a format 2 resource can be represented by an index from which the phase rotation and other quantities necessary are derived. The PUCCH format 2 resources are semi-statically configured.
Both PUCCH format 1 and format 2 signaling messages are transmitted on a resource-block pair with one resource block in each slot. The resource-block pair is determined from the PUCCH resource index. Thus, the resource-block number to use in the first and second slot of a subframe can be expressed as

RBnumber(i)=f(PUCCH index,i)

where i is the slot number (0 or 1) within the subframe and f a function found in the specification.

Multiple resource-block pairs can be used to increase the control-signaling capacity. When one resource-block pair is full, the next PUCCH resource index is mapped to the next resource-block pair in sequence. The mapping is done such that PUCCH format 2 (channel-status reports) is transmitted closest to the edges of the uplink cell bandwidth with the semi-static part of PUCCH format 1 next and finally the dynamic part of PUCCH format 1 in the innermost part of the bandwidth as shown in FIG. 7.
Three semi-statically parameters are used to determine the resources to use for the different PUCCH formats:

    
    
        NRB(2), provided as part of the system information, controls on which resource-block pair the mapping of PUCCH format 1 starts
        NPUCCH(1) controls the split between the semi-static and dynamic part of PUCCH format 1
        NCS(1) controls the mix of format 1 and format 2 in one resource block. In most cases, the configuration is done such that the two PUCCH formats are mapped to separate sets of resource blocks, but there is also a possibility to have the border between format 1 and 2 within a resource block.
    
    


In order to support bandwidths greater than 20 MHz, carrier aggregation will be supported in LTE Rel 10. To maintain backward compatibility with Rel 8 user terminals 100, the available spectrum is divided into Rel-8 compatible component carriers (e.g., 20 Mhz component carriers) as shown in FIG. 8. A user terminal 100 can obtain bandwidth up to 100 MHz by transmitting on multiple component carriers. The use of multiple component carriers for data transmission is known as carrier aggregation.
The number of aggregated component carriers as well as the bandwidth of the individual component carrier may be different for Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL). A symmetric configuration refers to the case where the number of component carriers in DL and UL are the same. An asymmetric configuration refers to the case where the number of component carriers is different for the UL and DL. The number of component carriers configured for a geographic cell area 12 may be different from the number of component carriers seen by the user terminal 100. A user terminal 100 may, for example, support more DL component carriers than UL component carriers, even though in the geographic cell area 12 the same number of UL and DL component carriers is offered by the network.
One consideration for carrier aggregation is how to configure the PUCCH for uplink control signaling from the user terminal. One solution is to transmit the uplink control information on multiple control channels on multiple UL component carriers. However, this option is likely to result in higher user terminal power consumption and a dependency on specific user terminal capabilities. It may also create implementation issues due to inter-modulation products, and may lead to generally higher complexity for implementation and testing.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the PUCCH resources on a single uplink component carrier are used to support downlink transmissions on several downlink component carriers. With this approach, a user terminal 100 transmit HARQ signaling associated with downlink transmissions on two or more downlink component carriers on PUCCH resources on a single uplink component carrier. Similarly, a single uplink component carrier may be used to support uplink transmissions on several uplink component carriers. For example, a user terminal 100 may use PUCCH resources on a single uplink component carrier to request uplink resources on multiple uplink component carriers. The uplink component carrier on which PUCCH resources are used to support downlink or uplink transmissions on two or more component carriers is referred to herein as uplink primary component carrier (UL PCC) or uplink associated with the primary cell (PCell).
For HARQ signaling, a straight-forward approach would be to increase the PUCCH resources on the UL PCC for PUCCH format 1 by a factor of N, where N is the number of aggregated downlink component carriers supported. However, consideration should be given to the typical expected use case. Not all user terminals 100 will be scheduled to receive downlink transmission on multiple downlink component carriers. The number of downlink component carriers used for transmission will be user terminal specific and will vary dynamically as user terminals 100 are scheduled. With bursty data-transmission, the number of user terminals 100 simuitaneousiy assigned resources on several downlink carriers is expected to be rather small. Multiple downlink component carriers are only needed when there are not enough resources on a single component carrier, and there appears to be no benefits from assigning several smaller transport blocks on multiple downlink component carriers for a large number of user terminals 100. Therefore, the design of the ACK/NACK feedback on PUCCH should be optimized for a low number of simultaneous user terminals 100 with assignments on multiple downlink component carrier.
Considering that the typical use case is a rather small number of user terminals 100 simultaneously assigned resources on multiple downlink component carriers, increasing the overhead with a factor of N is probably not necessary. Rather, the amount of resources should be chosen in anticipation on the number of user terminals 100 that simultaneously are expected to have assignments on multiple downlink component carriers, which is expected to be scenario and implementation dependent. This could be achieved by configuring a set of uplink resources upon which the currently scheduled user terminal(s) 100 using multiple component carriers transmit the ACK/NACK feedback.
According to a first approach, a set of shared PUCCH resources of potentially configurable size, in addition to PUCCH resources according to LTE Rel-8, is allocated for HARQ acknowledgements by user terminals 100 which receive downlink assignments on multiple downlink component carriers. The resource set and/or the size of the resource set can be transmitted to the user terminal by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. With this approach, the UL PCC contains PUCCH resources according to LTE Rel-8 for HARQ acknowledgements from user terminals 100 assigned resources for downlink transmission on a single downlink component carrier associated with the UL PCC. The shared PUCCH resource would be used by user terminals 100 which receive resource assignments for downlink transmission on multiple downlink component carriers. There may be some circumstances, such as retransmissions, when the user terminal 100 is assigned resources on a single downlink component carrier that is different from the downlink component carrier associated with the UL PCC. In such a case the shared set of PUCCH resources can also be used for such “cross-carrier” HARQ acknowledgements.
According to a second approach, a set of shared PUCCH resources of potentially configurable size, in addition to PUCCH resources according to LTE Rel-8, is allocated for HARQ acknowledgements by user terminals 100 which receive downlink assignments on at least one downlink component carrier other than the downlink component carrier having associated Rel-8 resources on the UL PCC. The resource set and/or the size of the resource set can be transmitted to the user terminal by RRC signaling.
With either of the above approaches, the set of shared PUCCH resources may be made visible to the user terminal 100 in the same way as for LTE Rel-8 user terminals 100, namely in the form of an association rule between the DL PDCCH CCE and index to PUCCH resource. Thus, from a system perspective, the two sets of PUCCH resources could overlap or be interleaved. In principle, a user terminal 100 could be configured with semi-static PUCCH resources for HARQ acknowledgements and then use these resources for HARQ acknowledgements in case of multiple DL component carrier assignments. By configuring all the user terminals 100 in the cell to have the same semi-static ACK/NACK resources, such a scheme would allow for assigning at most a single user terminal multiple DL component carrier at the same time. When there is no need for HARQ acknowledgements of multiple carriers, the resource could of course be used for data transmission. The user terminals 100 could select which shared PUCCH resources to use based on component carrier, DL PDDCH CCE, C-RNTI and other parameters. There is though a risk for collisions or scheduling constraints, and to reduce this, one could consider having a dynamic indicator to aid the selection of PUCCH resource. The dynamic indication allows managing the ACK/NACK resources more carefully which is of interest when the amount of resources reserved for HARQ acknowledgements is small and orthogonality is desired.
In one exemplary embodiment, semi-static PUCCH resources are reserved for user terminals 100 configured with multiple downlink component carriers. The assignment of PUCCH resources can be achieved by implicit indication of actual resource block, e.g., utilizing CCE index, number of the downlink component carriers, RNTI or a combination of these parameters. Alternatively, reserved PUCCH resources can be indicated explicitly via signaling to the user terminal 100 (e.g., RRC signaling), or by a combination of implicit and explicit signaling. Additionally, dynamic indication of PUCCH resources for HARQ acknowledgements can be done by using additional relative or explicit dynamic indication to select actual PUCCH resources out of the set of implicit/explicitly reserved (e.g., semi-statically reserved) resources. For example, the base station 20 may send as a control message or part of a control message, an indicator, referred to herein as an acknowledgement resource indication (ARI), comprising a single bit to indicate that the user terminal 100 should use the next available PUCCH resource or the next cyclically available PUCCH resource from the set of semi-statically reserved PUCCH resources. In some embodiments, the ARI may comprise the entire control message. In other embodiment, the ARI may be included as an information element in a larger control message. Alternatively, the base station 20 can send a multi-bit ARI to indicate the actual PUCCH resource out of the set of semi-statically reserved PUCCH resources.
There may be at least two different mappings to PUCCH resources on the UL PCC. A first resource mapping may be used for HARQ acknowledgements of downlink transmissions on a single designated downlink component carrier, and a second mapping for HARQ acknowledgements of downlink transmissions on at least one other downlink component carrier. The two mappings may be described by parameters, such as first resource and size of resource set that are configurable by means of higher layer signaling. The user terminal 100 may, based on the detected downlink assignments on one or several downlink component carriers, select one of the two mappings. In a preferred embodiment, the first Mapping coincides with the Rel-8 mapping rules for ACK/NACK resources.
The user terminal 100 may, depending on the detected downlink assignments, and the downlink component carriers on which the downlink assignment was sent, select which mapping to use. Two approaches may be used by the user terminal 100 to select the mapping of radio resources for uplink control signaling. In the first approach, the user terminal 100 selects a first mapping if downlink assignment of a single downlink component carrier is detected and the downlink assignment is sent on the associated downlink component carrier. The user terminal 100 selects a second mapping if it detects at least one downlink assignment for at least one downlink component carrier different from the single associated downlink component carrier (for which there are Rel-8 ACK/NACK resources). In a second approach, the user terminal selects a mapping depending on the number of component carriers it detects for downlink assignments for downlink transmissions.
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary method 50 implemented by a base station 20 in a communication network 10 of receiving uplink control information from a user terminal 100 depending ion the assignment of downlink component carriers. The base station 20 schedules the user terminal 100 to receive downlink transmissions on one or more downlink component carriers (block 52). The user terminal 100 may be scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a single downlink component carrier associated with a primary uplink component carrier. In this case, the base station 20 receives control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the user terminal 100 on a first set of radio resources on the uplink primary component carrier (block 54). Alternatively, the user terminal 100 may be scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on multiple downlink component carriers, or on a single downlink component carrier other than the downlink component carrier associated with the uplink primary component carrier. In this alternative case, the base station 20 receives uplink control information associated with the downlink transmissions from the user terminal 100 on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier (block 56).
FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary method 60 implemented by a user terminal of transmission of uplink control signaling to a base station 20. The user terminal 100 receives a radio resource assignment for a downlink transmission from the base station 20 (block 62). If the user terminal 100 detects assignments of radio resources for a single downlink component carrier, the user terminal 100 transmits, on a first set of radio resources on an uplink primary component carrier, uplink control information associated with the downlink transmissions (block 64). On the other hands, if the user terminal 100 receives assignments for multiple downlink component carriers, the user terminal 100 transmits, on a second set of radio resources on the uplink primary component carrier, uplink control information associated with downlink transmissions (block 66).
FIG. 11 illustrates another exemplary method 70 implemented by a user terminal 100 of transmission of uplink control signaling to a base station 20. The user terminal 100 receives a radio resource assignment for a downlink transmission from the base station 20 (block 72). If the user terminal 100 detects assignments of radio resources for a first downlink component carrier, the user terminal 100 transmits, on a first set of radio resources on a uplink primary component carrier, uplink control information associated with the downiink transmissions (block 74). On the other hands, if the user terminal 100 receives assignments for a second downlink component carrier, the user terminal 100 transmits, on a second set of radio resources on the primary uplink component carrier, uplink control information associated with downlink transmissions (block 76).
FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary base station 20 according to the present invention. The base station 20 comprises a transceiver 22 for communicating with user terminals and processing circuit 32 for processing the signals transmit and received by the transceiver 22. The transceiver 22 includes a transmitter 24 coupled to one or more transmit antennas 28 and receiver 26 coupled to one or more receive antennas 30. The same antenna(s) 28, 30 may be used for both transmission and reception. The processing circuit 32 may be implemented by one or more processors, hardware, firmware or a combination thereof. Typical functions of the processing circuit 32 include modulation and coding of transmitted signals, and the demodulation and decoding of received signals. The processing circuit 32 also includes a controller 34 for controlling the operation of the base station 20. The controller 34 is responsible for transmission of downlink control information on the PDCCH, and for the processing of uplink control information received on the PUCCH.
FIG. 13 illustrates a functional block diagram of an exemplary user terminal 100. The user terminal 100 comprises a transceiver 110 and a processing circuit 120. The transceiver 110 comprises a transmitter 112 coupled to one or more transmit antennas 114, and a receiver 116, coupled to one or more receive antennas 118. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the same antennas may be used for transmission and reception. The processing circuit 120 processes signals transmitted and received by the transceiver 110. The processing circuit 120 comprises one or more processors, hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof. Typical functions of the processing circuit 120 include modulation end coding of transmitted signals, and the demodulation and decoding of received signals. The processing circuit 120 includes a controller 122 for controlling uplink transmissions and the reception of downlink transmissions. The controller 122 generates uplink control information for transmission on the PUCCH, and processes downlink control information received on the PDCCH as previously described.
The invention provides means for efficient transmission of PUCCH on one component carrier corresponding to multiple downlink component carriers, without creating implementation problems in the user terminal or being over-dimensioned and therefore inefficient.
The present invention may, of course, be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the scope and essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

## Claims

1. A method implemented by a base station of receiving control information from a user terminal, the method comprising:
scheduling downlink transmissions to a first user terminal on a single downlink component carrier associated with a primary cell and a second user terminal on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the second user terminal on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
transmitting, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources in the second set of radio resources when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising transmitting control information to the first user terminal on a downlink component carrier to implicitly or explicitly indicate the first set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising transmitting control information to the second user terminal on a downlink component carrier to implicitly or explicitly indicate the second set radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein at least one of the first and second sets of radio resources are indicated implicitly by at least one of a downlink control channel index, number of downlink component carriers, and user terminal identifier.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein at least one of the first and second sets of radio resources are indicated explicitly by an uplink control channel index.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the explicit indication is transmitted as radio resource control signaling.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising transmitting an acknowledgement resource indication on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell to dynamically assign radio resources in said second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell to the second user terminal when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the acknowledgement resource indication selects the second set of resources from a semi-static set of uplink resources.

9. A base station comprising:
a transmitter to transmit user data on one or more downlink component carriers to a first user terminal and a second user terminal; and
a controller to schedule downlink transmissions to the first user terminal and the second user terminal, the controller configured to:
schedule downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on a single downlink component carrier associated with a primary cell and the second user terminal on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the second user terminal on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
transmit, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources in the second set of radio resources when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

10. The base station of claim 9 wherein the controller is further configured to transmit control information to the first user terminal on a downlink component carrier to implicitly or explicitly indicate the first set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

11. The base station of claim 9 wherein the controller is further configured to transmit control information to the second user terminal on a downlink component carrier to implicitly or explicitly indicate the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

12. The base station of claim 11 wherein the controller is further configured to indicate at least one of the first and second sets of radio resources implicitly by sending at least one of a downlink control channel index, number of downlink component carriers, and user terminal identifier.

13. The base station of claim 11 wherein the controller is further configured to indicate at least one of the first and second sets of radio resources explicitly by sending an uplink control channel index.

14. The base station of claim 13 wherein the controller is further configured to send the explicit indication as radio resource control signaling.

15. The base station of claim 9 wherein the controller is further configured to transmit an acknowledgement resource indication on a downlink component carrier to dynamically assign radio resources in said second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell to the second user terminal when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

16. The base station of claim 15 wherein the acknowledgement resource indication selects the second set of resources from a semi-static set of uplink resources.

17. A method implemented by a user terminal of transmitting control information in a mobile communication network, the method comprising:
receiving an assignment of radio resources for downlink transmissions from a base station;
transmitting, on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell, control information associated with the downlink transmissions responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmission, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
transmitting, on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, control information associated with the downlink transmissions responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
receiving, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising receiving control information from the base station on a downlink component carrier implicitly or explicitly indicating the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein receiving control information comprises receiving at least one of a downlink control channel index, number of downlink component carriers, and user terminal identifier implicitly identifying said second set of resources.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein receiving control information comprises receiving an uplink control channel index explicitly identifying said second set of resources.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the explicit indication is received as radio resource control signaling.

22. The method of claim 17, further comprising receiving, from a base station, an acknowledgement resource indication on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell to dynamically assign radio resources on said second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell when the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

23. The method of claim 22 further comprising selecting the second set of resources from a semi-static set of uplink resources responsive to the acknowledgement resource indication.

24. A user terminal for mobile communications, the user terminal comprising:
a receiver to receive downlink transmissions from a base station;
a transmitter to transmit control information associated with the downlink transmissions to a base station; and
a controller to select radio resources for transmission of control information associated with the downlink transmissions, the controller configured to:
select a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
select a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
receive, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

25. The user terminal of claim 24 wherein the controller is further configured to receive control information from the base station on a downlink component carrier implicitly or explicitly identifying the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

26. The user terminal of claim 25 wherein the controller is further configured to receive at least one of a downlink control channel index, number of downlink component carriers, and user terminal identifier implicitly identifying the second set of radio resources.

27. The user terminal of claim 25 wherein the controller is further configured to receive an uplink control channel index explicitly identifying the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell.

28. The user terminal of claim 27 wherein the controller is further configured to receive the explicit indication as radio resource control signaling.

29. The user terminal of claim 24 wherein the controller is further configured to receive, from a base station, an acknowledgement resource indication on a downlink component carrier dynamically assigning radio resources on said second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell when the user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

30. The user terminal of claim 29 wherein the controller is configured to select the second set of resources from a semi-static set of uplink resources responsive to the acknowledgement resource indication.

31. A method implemented by a user terminal in a mobile communication network, the method comprising:
receiving an assignment of radio resources for downlink transmissions from a base station;
transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmission on a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on a first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
transmitting control information associated with the downlink transmission on a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on the first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell and a second downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the first downlink component carrier and the second downlink component carrier and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
receiving, on the first downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the first and second downlink component carriers.

32. A user terminal for mobile communications, the user terminal comprising:
a receiver to receive downlink transmissions from a base station;
a transmitter to transmit control information associated with the downlink transmissions to a base station; and
a controller to select radio resources for transmission of control information associated with downlink transmissions, the controller configured to:
select a first set of radio resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of radio resources on a first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
select a second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell responsive to receiving an assignment of the radio resources on first downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell and a second downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell for the downlink transmissions, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the first downlink component carrier and the second downlink component carrier and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
receive, on the first downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the first and second downlink component carriers.

33. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving control signaling on the second set of radio resources if radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell is assigned for the downlink transmissions.

34. The base station of claim 9, further configured to:
receive control signaling on the second set of radio resources if radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell is assigned for the downlink transmissions.

35. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
transmitting control signaling on the second set of radio resources if radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell is assigned for the downlink transmissions.

36. The user terminal of claim 24, further configured to:
transmit control signaling on the second set of radio resources if radio resources on a single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell is assigned for the downlink transmissions.

37. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the first user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a second single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell, receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the second single downlink component carrier.

38. The base station of claim 9, further configured to:
if the first user terminal is scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on a second single downlink component carrier associated with a non-primary cell, receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the second single downlink component carrier.

39. A method implemented by a base station of receiving control information from a first user terminal and a second user terminal, the method comprising:
scheduling downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on a single downlink component carrier associated with a primary cell and the second user terminal on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell; and
receiving on a first set or a second set of resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell, including:
receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on the first set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receiving control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the second user terminal on the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
transmitting, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

40. A base station comprising:
a transmitter to transmit user data on one or more downlink component carriers to a first user terminal and a second user terminal; and
a controller to schedule downlink transmissions to the first user terminal and the second user terminal, the controller configured to:
schedule downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on a single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell and the second user terminal on multiple downlink component carriers including the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell; and
receiving on a first set or a second set of resources on an uplink component carrier associated with a primary cell, including:
receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the first user terminal on the first set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the first set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the single downlink component carrier associated with the primary cell;
receive control information associated with the downlink transmissions to the second user terminal on the second set of radio resources on the uplink component carrier associated with the primary cell, wherein the second set of radio resources is reserved for user terminals scheduled to receive downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers and the second set of resources are additional resources as compared to the first set of resources; and
transmit, on the single downlink component carrier, an indication to assign radio resources on the second set of radio resources when the second user terminal is scheduled to receive the downlink transmissions on the multiple downlink component carriers.

41. The method of claim 1, wherein the first user equipment is the same as the second user equipment.

42. The method of claim 1, wherein the first user equipment is different from the second user equipment.

43. The base station of claim 9, wherein the first user equipment is the same as the second user equipment.

44. The base station of claim 9, wherein the first user equipment is different from the second user equipment.

45. The method of claim 39, wherein the first user equipment is the same as the second user equipment.

46. The method of claim 39, wherein the first user equipment is different from the second user equipment.

47. The base station of claim 40, wherein the first user equipment is the same as the second user equipment.

48. The base station of claim 40, wherein the first user equipment is different from the second user equipment.