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UNITED STATES


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION


Washington, D.C. 20549





FORM 10-Q





T QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934





For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018





or





£ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934





For the transition period from __________ to _________





Commission File Number 001-37419





PDC ENERGY, INC.


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)





Delaware95-2636730(State of incorporation)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


1775 Sherman Street, Suite 3000


Denver, Colorado 80203


(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)





Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (303) 860-5800





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x  No o





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filerxAccelerated fileroNon-accelerated filero(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting companyoEmerging growth companyo


If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o





Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x





Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 66,073,231 shares of the Company's Common Stock ($0.01 par value) were outstanding as of July 20, 2018 .





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PDC ENERGY, INC.








TABLE OF CONTENTS





PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATIONPageItem 1.Financial StatementsCondensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)1Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)2Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)3Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity (unaudited)4Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements5Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations37Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk55Item 4.Controls and Procedures56PART II – OTHER INFORMATIONItem 1.Legal Proceedings57Item 1A.Risk Factors57Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds58Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities58Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures58Item 5.Other Information58Item 6.Exhibits59SIGNATURES60











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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS





This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 ("Securities Act"), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act") and the United States ("U.S.") Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in and incorporated by reference into this report are "forward-looking statements." Words such as expect, anticipate, intend, plan, believe, seek, estimate and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements herein. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements regarding future: production, costs and cash flows; drilling locations and zones and growth opportunities; commodity prices and differentials; capital expenditures and projects, including the number of rigs employed; management of lease expiration issues; financial ratios and compliance with covenants in our revolving credit facility; impacts of certain accounting and tax changes; midstream capacity and related curtailments; impacts of a potential ballot initiative and other Colorado political matters; ability to meet our volume commitments to midstream providers; ongoing compliance with our consent decree; timing and likelihood that the Denver Metro/North Front Range NAA ozone classification will be reclassified to serious; and timing and adequacy of infrastructure projects of our midstream providers.





The above statements are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements herein. Although forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our good faith judgment, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known to us. Forward-looking statements are always subject to risks and uncertainties, and become subject to greater levels of risk and uncertainty as they address matters further into the future. Throughout this report or accompanying materials, we may use the term “projection” or similar terms or expressions, or indicate that we have “modeled” certain future scenarios. We typically use these terms to indicate our current thoughts on possible outcomes relating to our business or our industry in periods beyond the current fiscal year. Because such statements relate to events or conditions further in the future, they are subject to increased levels of uncertainty.





Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:





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|• | changes in worldwide production volumes and demand, including economic conditions that might impact demand and prices for the products we produce;

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|• | volatility of commodity prices for crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") and the risk of an extended period of depressed prices;

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|• | volatility and widening of differentials;

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|• | reductions in the borrowing base under our revolving credit facility;

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|• | impact of governmental policies and/or regulations, including changes in environmental and other laws, the interpretation and enforcement of those laws and regulations, liabilities arising thereunder and the costs to comply with those laws and regulations;

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|• | declines in the value of our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs properties resulting in impairments;

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|• | changes in estimates of proved reserves;

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|• | inaccuracy of reserve estimates and expected production rates;

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|• | potential for production decline rates from our wells being greater than expected;

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|• | timing and extent of our success in discovering, acquiring, developing and producing reserves;

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|• | availability of sufficient pipeline, gathering and other transportation facilities and related infrastructure to process and transport our production and the impact of these facilities and regional capacity on the prices we receive for our production;

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|• | timing and receipt of necessary regulatory permits;

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|• | risks incidental to the drilling and operation of crude oil and natural gas wells;

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|• | difficulties in integrating our operations as a result of any significant acquisitions and acreage exchanges;

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|• | increases or changes in costs and expenses;

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|• | availability of supplies, materials, contractors and services that may delay the drilling or completion of our wells;

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|• | potential losses of acreage due to lease expirations or otherwise;

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|• | increases or adverse changes in construction and procurement costs associated with future build out of midstream-related assets;

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|• | future cash flows, liquidity and financial condition;

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|• | competition within the oil and gas industry;

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|• | availability and cost of capital;

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|• | our success in marketing crude oil, natural gas and NGLs;

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|• | effect of crude oil and natural gas derivatives activities;




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|• | impact of environmental events, governmental and other third-party responses to such events and our ability to insure adequately against such events;

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|• | cost of pending or future litigation;

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|• | effect that acquisitions we may pursue have on our capital requirements;

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|• | our ability to retain or attract senior management and key technical employees; and

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|• | success of strategic plans, expectations and objectives for our future operations.




Further, we urge you to carefully review and consider the cautionary statements and disclosures, specifically those under the heading " Risk Factors ," made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on February 27, 2018 and as amended on May 1, 2018 (the "2017 Form 10-K"), and our other filings with the SEC for further information on risks and uncertainties that could affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, which are incorporated by this reference as though fully set forth herein. We caution you not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance occurring after the date of this report or currently unknown facts or conditions or the occurrence of unanticipated events. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.





REFERENCES





Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this report to "PDC Energy," "PDC," "the Company," "we," "us," "our" or "ours" refer to the registrant, PDC Energy, Inc. and all subsidiaries consolidated for the purposes of its financial statements, including our proportionate share of the financial position, results of operations, cash flows and operating activities of our affiliated partnerships.





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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION








ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS








PDC ENERGY, INC.


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


(unaudited; in thousands, except share and per share data)


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017AssetsCurrent assets:Cash and cash equivalents$1,425$180,675Accounts receivable, net195,317197,598Fair value of derivatives14,81714,338Prepaid expenses and other current assets6,7448,613Total current assets218,303401,224Properties and equipment, net4,192,6083,933,467Assets held-for-sale, net—40,084Other assets31,24345,116Total Assets$4,442,154$4,419,891Liabilities and Stockholders' EquityLiabilitiesCurrent liabilities:Accounts payable$215,150$150,067Production tax liability56,76637,654Fair value of derivatives186,60579,302Funds held for distribution102,35495,811Accrued interest payable12,56111,815Other accrued expenses35,88842,987Total current liabilities609,324417,636Long-term debt1,179,1171,151,932Deferred income taxes141,811191,992Asset retirement obligations73,54971,006Fair value of derivatives36,43022,343Other liabilities61,61757,333Total liabilities2,101,8481,912,242Commitments and contingent liabilitiesStockholders' equityCommon shares - par value $0.01 per share, 150,000,000 authorized, 66,133,025 and 65,955,080 issued as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively661659Additional paid-in capital2,509,6932,503,294Retained earnings (deficit)(166,692)6,704Treasury shares - at cost, 67,169 and 55,927 as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively(3,356)(3,008)Total stockholders' equity2,340,3062,507,649Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$4,442,154$4,419,891











See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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PDC ENERGY, INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations


(unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017RevenuesCrude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$325,933$213,602$631,158$403,294Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net(116,126)57,932(163,366)138,636Other income2,7243,6245,3396,935Total revenues212,531275,158473,131548,865Costs, expenses and otherLease operating expenses32,26020,02861,89639,817Production taxes22,60415,04242,77327,441Transportation, gathering and processing expenses8,9646,48816,27712,390Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense8751,0333,5211,987Impairment of properties and equipment159,55427,566192,74229,759General and administrative expense37,24729,53172,94355,846Depreciation, depletion and amortization135,624126,013262,412235,329Accretion of asset retirement obligations1,2851,6662,5733,434(Gain) loss on sale of properties and equipment(351)(532)1,081(692)Provision for uncollectible note receivable—(40,203)—(40,203)Other expenses2,7083,8905,4767,418Total costs, expenses and other400,770190,522661,694372,526Income (loss) from operations(188,239)84,636(188,563)176,339Interest expense(17,410)(19,617)(34,939)(39,084)Interest income697682171,008Income (loss) before income taxes(205,580)65,787(223,285)138,263Income tax (expense) benefit45,323(24,537)49,889(50,867)Net income (loss)$(160,257)$41,250$(173,396)$87,396Earnings per share:Basic$(2.43)$0.63$(2.63)$1.33Diluted$(2.43)$0.62$(2.63)$1.32Weighted-average common shares outstanding:Basic66,06665,85966,01265,804Diluted66,06666,01966,01266,066














See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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PDC ENERGY, INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


(unaudited; in thousands)


Six Months Ended June 30,20182017Cash flows from operating activities:Net income (loss)$(173,396)$87,396Adjustments to net income (loss) to reconcile to net cash from operating activities:Net change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives120,920(126,070)Depreciation, depletion and amortization262,412235,329Impairment of properties and equipment192,74229,759Provision for uncollectible notes receivable—(40,203)Accretion of asset retirement obligations2,5733,434Non-cash stock-based compensation10,7799,826(Gain) loss on sale of properties and equipment1,081(692)Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs6,3726,399Deferred income taxes(50,181)50,767Other974670Changes in assets and liabilities6,58115,832Net cash from operating activities380,857272,447Cash flows from investing activities:Capital expenditures for development of crude oil and natural gas properties(432,635)(334,406)Capital expenditures for other properties and equipment(2,450)(2,299)Acquisition of crude oil and natural gas properties, including settlement adjustments(181,052)5,372Proceeds from sale of properties and equipment1,7821,293Proceeds from divestiture39,023—Sale of promissory note—40,203Restricted cash1,249(9,250)Sale of short-term investments—49,890Purchase of short-term investments—(49,890)Net cash from investing activities(574,083)(299,087)Cash flows from financing activities:Proceeds from revolving credit facility233,000—Repayment of revolving credit facility(211,000)—Payment of debt issuance costs(4,060)—Purchases of treasury stock(4,494)(5,274)Other(719)(645)Net cash from financing activities12,727(5,919)Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(180,499)(32,559)Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period189,925244,100Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$9,426$211,541Supplemental cash flow information:Cash payments (receipts) for:Interest, net of capitalized interest$27,817$32,647Income taxes393(39)Non-cash investing and financing activities:Change in accounts payable related to capital expenditures$72,334$81,891Change in asset retirement obligations, with a corresponding change to crude oil and natural gas properties, net of disposals6,2482,415Purchase of properties and equipment under capital leases6892,160





See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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PDC ENERGY, INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity


(unaudited; in thousands, except share data)





Common StockTreasury StockSharesAmountAdditional Paid-in CapitalSharesAmountRetained Earnings (Deficit)Total Stockholders' EquityBalance, December 31, 201765,955,080$659$2,503,294(55,927)$(3,008)$6,704$2,507,649Net loss—————(173,396)(173,396)Purchase of treasury shares———(87,063)(4,494)—(4,494)Issuance of treasury shares——(4,288)78,3954,288——Non-employee directors' deferred compensation plan———(2,574)(142)—(142)Issuance of stock awards, net of forfeitures177,9452(2)————Stock-based compensation expense——10,779———10,779Other——(90)———(90)Balance, June 30, 201866,133,025$661$2,509,693(67,169)$(3,356)$(166,692)$2,340,306











See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
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 PDC ENERGY, INC.
 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)











NOTE 1 - NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION





PDC Energy, Inc. is a domestic independent exploration and production company that acquires, explores and develops properties for the production of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs, with operations in the Wattenberg Field in Colorado and the Delaware Basin in Texas. Our operations in the Wattenberg Field are focused in the horizontal Niobrara and Codell plays and our Delaware Basin operations are primarily focused in the Wolfcamp zones. We previously operated properties in the Utica Shale in Southeastern Ohio; however, we divested these properties during the first quarter of 2018. As of June 30, 2018 , we owned an interest in approximately 3,000 gross productive wells. We are engaged in two operating segments: our oil and gas exploration and production segment and our gas marketing segment. Our gas marketing segment does not meet the quantitative thresholds to require disclosure as a separate reportable segment. All of our material operations are attributable to our exploration and production business; therefore, all of our operations are presented as a single segment for all periods presented.





The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PDC, our wholly-owned subsidiaries and our proportionate share of our affiliated partnerships. Pursuant to the proportionate consolidation method, our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our pro rata share of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of the entities which we proportionately consolidate. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.





In our opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of our financial statements for interim periods in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Accordingly, pursuant to such rules and regulations, certain notes and other financial information included in audited financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The December 31, 2017 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The information presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2017 Form 10-K. Our results of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other future period.








NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES





Recently Adopted Accounting Standard





In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") and the International Accounting Standards Board issued their converged standard on revenue recognition that provides a single, comprehensive model that entities will apply to determine the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized. The standard has been updated and now includes technical corrections. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The standard outlines a five-step approach to apply the underlying principle: (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations and (5) recognize revenue when or as each performance obligation is satisfied. We adopted the standard effective January 1, 2018. In order to evaluate the impact that the adoption of the revenue standard had on our consolidated financial statements, we performed a comprehensive review of our significant revenue streams. The focus of this review included, among other things, the identification of the significant contracts and other arrangements we have with our customers to identify performance obligations and principal versus agent considerations and factors affecting the determination of the transaction price. We also reviewed our current accounting policies, procedures and controls with respect to these contracts and arrangements to determine what changes, if any, would be required by the adoption of the revenue standard. We determined that we would adopt the standard under the modified retrospective method. Upon adoption, no adjustment to our opening balance of retained earnings was deemed necessary. See the footnote below titled Revenue Recognition for further details regarding the changes in our revenue recognition resulting from the adoption of this standard.





In November 2016, the FASB issued an accounting update on statements of cash flows to address diversity in practice in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash. The accounting update requires that the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted





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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard impacted our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2018 and 2017 and December 31, 2017 , which sum to the total of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2017(in thousands)Cash and cash equivalents$1,425$180,675$202,291Restricted cash8,0019,2509,250Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows$9,426$189,925$211,541





Restricted cash is included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . We did not have any cash classified as restricted cash at December 31, 2016 .





Recently Issued Accounting Standards





In February 2016, the FASB issued an accounting update aimed at increasing the transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about related leasing arrangements. The standard has been updated and now includes amendments. For leases with terms of more than 12 months, the accounting update requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for its right to use the underlying asset and the corresponding lease obligation. Both the lease asset and liability will initially be measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. Subsequent measurement, including the presentation of expenses and cash flows, will depend upon the classification of the lease as either a finance or operating lease. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted, and is to be applied as of the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The update does not apply to leases of mineral rights to explore for or use crude oil and natural gas. We are currently evaluating the impact these changes may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.





In August 2017, the FASB issued an accounting update to provide guidance for various components of hedge accounting, including hedge ineffectiveness, the expansion of types of permissible hedging strategies, reduced complexity in the application of the long-haul method for fair value hedges and reduced complexity in assessment of effectiveness. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact these changes may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.








NOTE 3 - BUSINESS COMBINATION





In January 2018, we closed the acquisition of properties from Bayswater Exploration and Production LLC (the "Bayswater Acquisition") for approximately $202.0 million in cash, including $21.0 million deposited into an escrow account in September 2017, subject to certain customary post-closing adjustments. The $21.0 million deposit was included in other assets on our December 31, 2017 condensed consolidated balance sheet. We acquired approximately 7,400 net acres, approximately 220 gross drilling locations and 24 operated horizontal wells that were either drilled uncompleted wells ("DUCs") or in-process wells at the time of closing.





The estimated allocation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the acquisition are presented below and are subject to customary post-closing adjustments. Adjustments to the preliminary purchase price stem from final settlement of the proceeds from operating activities and additional information we obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that impact the underlying value of certain assets acquired and current liabilities assumed. Such adjustments primarily relate to sales, operating expenses and capital costs from the effective date through closing.








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 PDC ENERGY, INC.
 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





The details of the estimated purchase price and the allocation of the purchase price for the transaction, are presented below (in thousands):


June 30, 2018Acquisition costs:Cash$170,560Deposit made in prior period21,000Total cash consideration191,560Other purchase price adjustments10,422Total acquisition costs$201,982Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:Assets acquired:Current assets$517Crude oil and natural gas properties - proved207,816Other assets2,796Total assets acquired211,129Liabilities assumed:Current liabilities(4,460)Asset retirement obligations(4,687)Total liabilities assumed(9,147)Total identifiable net assets acquired$201,982





This transaction was accounted for under the acquisition method. Accordingly, we conducted assessments of the net assets acquired and recognized amounts for identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction and integration costs associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred. The fair value measurements of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on inputs that are not observable in the market, and therefore represent Level 3 inputs. The fair values of crude oil and natural gas properties and asset retirement obligations were measured using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted amount. Significant inputs to the valuation of crude oil and natural gas properties include estimates of reserves, future operating and development costs, future commodity prices, estimated future cash flows, lease terms and expirations and a market-based weighted-average cost of capital rate. The allocation of the value to the underlying leases also requires significant judgment and is based on a combination of comparable market transactions, the term and conditions associated with the individual leases, our ability and intent to develop specific leases and our initial assessment of the underlying relative value of the leases given our knowledge of the geology at the time of closing. These inputs require significant judgments and estimates by management at the time of the valuation.





The results of operations for the Bayswater Acquisition for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements, including approximately $14.5 million and $21.8 million , respectively, of total revenue, $8.3 million and $12.0 million , respectively,  of income from operations and $0.12  and $0.18 ,  respectively, of diluted  earnings per share. Pro forma results of operations for the Bayswater Acquisition showing results as if the acquisition had been completed as of January 1, 2017 would not have been material to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 .








NOTE 4 - REVENUE RECOGNITION





On January 1, 2018, we adopted the new accounting standard that was issued by the FASB to provide a single, comprehensive model to determine the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized and all related amendments (the “New Revenue Standard”) using the modified retrospective method. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. Based upon our review, we determined that the adoption of the New Revenue Standard would have reduced our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales by approximately $2.8 million and $5.4 million in the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 , respectively, with a





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 PDC ENERGY, INC.
 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





corresponding decrease in transportation, gathering and processing expenses and no impact on net earnings. To determine the impact on our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales and our transportation, processing and gathering expenses for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 , we applied the new guidance to contracts that were not completed as of December 31, 2017. We do not expect adoption of the New Revenue Standard to have a significant impact on our net income going forward.





Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs revenues are recognized when we have transferred control of crude oil, natural gas, or NGLs production to the purchaser. We consider the transfer of control to have occurred when the purchaser has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the crude oil, natural gas or NGLs production. We record sales revenue based on an estimate of the volumes delivered at estimated prices as determined by the applicable sales agreement. We estimate our sales volumes based on company-measured volume readings. We then adjust our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales in subsequent periods based on the data received from our purchasers that reflects actual volumes delivered and prices received. We receive payment for sales one to two months after actual delivery has occurred. The differences in sales estimates and actual sales are recorded one to two months later. Historically, these differences have not been material. We account for natural gas imbalances using the sales method. For the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 and 2017 , the impact of any natural gas imbalances was not significant. If a sale is deemed uncollectible, an allowance for doubtful collection is recorded.





Our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales are recorded using either the “net-back” or "gross" method of accounting, depending upon the related agreement. We use the net-back method when control of the crude oil, natural gas, or NGLs has been transferred to the purchasers of these commodities that are providing transportation, gathering or processing services. In these situations, the purchaser pays us proceeds based on a percent of the proceeds or have fixed our sales price at index less specified deductions. The net-back method results in the recognition of a net sales price that is lower than the index for which the production is based because the operating costs and profit of the midstream facilities are embedded in the net price we are paid.





We use the gross method of accounting when control of the crude oil, natural gas, or NGLs is not transferred to the purchaser and the purchaser does not provide transportation, gathering, or processing services as a function of the price we receive. Rather, we contract separately with midstream providers for the applicable transport and processing on a per unit basis. Under this method, we recognize revenues based on the gross selling price and recognize transportation, gathering and processing expenses.





Based on our evaluation of when control of crude oil and natural gas sales are transferred to the customer under the guidance of the New Revenue Standard, certain crude oil sales in the Wattenberg Field that were recognized using the gross method prior to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard will be recognized using the net-back method. In the Delaware Basin, certain crude oil and natural gas sales that were recognized using the gross method prior to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard will be recognized using the net-back method.





As discussed above, we enter into agreements for the sale, transportation, gathering and processing of our production. The terms of these agreements can result in variances in the per unit realized prices that we receive for our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs. For crude oil, the average NYMEX prices are based upon average daily prices throughout each month and, for natural gas, the average NYMEX pricing is based upon first-of-the-month index prices, as in each case this is how the majority of each of these commodities is sold pursuant to terms of the respective sales agreements.  For NGLs, we use the NYMEX crude oil price as a reference for presentation purposes.

















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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





Disaggregated Revenue. The following table presents crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales disaggregated by commodity and operating region for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):





Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Revenue by Commodity and Operating Region20182017 (1)Percentage Change20182017 (1)Percentage ChangeCrude oilWattenberg Field$189,992$129,25847.0%$360,299$234,44653.7%Delaware Basin62,59916,327283.4%116,01629,865288.5%Utica Shale (2)—3,216(100.0)%2,6967,486(64.0)%Total$252,591$148,80169.8%$479,011$271,79776.2%Natural gasWattenberg Field$22,640$34,004(33.4)%$52,412$66,617(21.3)%Delaware Basin7,4722,767170.0%15,1515,236189.4%Utica Shale (2)—1,561(100.0)%1,1093,421(67.6)%Total$30,112$38,332(21.4)%$68,672$75,274(8.8)%NGLsWattenberg Field$30,271$21,92338.1%$59,041$47,24225.0%Delaware Basin12,9593,680252.1%23,5946,626256.1%Utica Shale (2)—866(100.0)%8402,355(64.3)%Total$43,230$26,46963.3%$83,475$56,22348.5%Revenue by Operating RegionWattenberg Field$242,903$185,18531.2%$471,752$348,30535.4%Delaware Basin83,03022,774264.6%154,76141,727270.9%Utica Shale (2)—5,643(100.0)%4,64513,262(65.0)%Total$325,933$213,60252.6%$631,158$403,29456.5%
  ________________________________________(1)As we have elected the modified retrospective method of adoption for the New Revenue Standard, revenues for the threeand six months ended June 30, 2017 have not been restated. Such changes would not have been material.(2)In March 2018, we completed the disposition of our Utica Shale properties.





Contract Assets. Contract assets include material contributions in aid of construction ("CIAC"), which are common in purchase/purchase and processing agreements with midstream service providers that are our customers. Generally, the intent of the payments is to reimburse the customer for actual costs incurred related to the construction of its gathering and processing infrastructure. Contract assets that are classified as current assets are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Contract assets that are classified as long-term assets are included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The contract assets will be amortized as a reduction to crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue during the periods in which the related production is transferred to the customer.





The following table presents the changes in carrying amounts of the contract assets associated with our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2018 :


Amount(in thousands)Beginning balance, January 1, 2018$4,446Additions1,202Amortized as a reduction to crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales(2,408)Ending balance, June 30, 2018$3,240





Customer Accounts Receivable. Our accounts receivable include amounts billed and currently due from sales of our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs production. Our gross accounts receivable balance from crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $159.1 million and $154.3 million , respectively. We did not record an allowance for doubtful accounts for these receivables at June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017 .





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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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NOTE 5 - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS





Determination of Fair Value





Our fair value measurements are estimated pursuant to a fair value hierarchy that requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date, giving the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable data (Level 3). In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value might fall in different levels of the fair value hierarchy. The lowest level input that is significant to a fair value measurement in its entirety determines the applicable level in the fair value hierarchy. Assessing the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, considering factors specific to the asset or liability and may affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are defined as:





Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.





Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability and inputs that are derived from observable market data by correlation or other means.





Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, including situations where there is little, if any, market activity.





Derivative Financial Instruments





We measure the fair value of our derivative instruments based upon a pricing model that utilizes market-based inputs, including, but not limited to, the contractual price of the underlying position, current market prices, crude oil and natural gas forward curves, discount rates such as the LIBOR curve for a similar duration of each outstanding position, volatility factors and nonperformance risk. Nonperformance risk considers the effect of our credit standing on the fair value of derivative liabilities and the effect of our counterparties' credit standings on the fair value of derivative assets. Both inputs to the model are based on published credit default swap rates and the duration of each outstanding derivative position.





We validate our fair value measurement through the review of counterparty statements and other supporting documentation, determination that the source of the inputs is valid, corroboration of the original source of inputs through access to multiple quotes, if available, or other information and monitoring changes in valuation methods and assumptions. While we use common industry practices to develop our valuation techniques and believe our valuation method is appropriate and consistent with those used by other market participants, changes in our pricing methodologies or the underlying assumptions could result in significantly different fair values.





Our crude oil and natural gas fixed-price swaps are included in Level 2 of the hierarchy. Our collars and propane fixed-price swaps are included in Level 3 of the hierarchy. Our basis swaps are included in Level 2 and Level 3 of the hierarchy. The following table presents, for each applicable level within the fair value hierarchy, our derivative assets and liabilities, including both current and non-current portions, measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017Significant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2)SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)TotalSignificant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2)SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Total(in thousands)Total assets$10,412$4,405$14,817$12,949$1,389$14,338Total liabilities(199,530)(23,505)(223,035)(90,569)(11,076)(101,645)Net liability$(189,118)$(19,100)$(208,218)$(77,620)$(9,687)$(87,307)








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





The following table presents a reconciliation of our Level 3 assets measured at fair value:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in thousands)Fair value of Level 3 instruments, netasset (liability)beginning of period$(8,834)$2,316$(9,687)$(9,574)Changes in fair value included in condensed consolidated statement of operations line item:Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net(4,701)9,262(6,854)22,622Settlements included in condensed consolidated statement of operations line items:Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net(5,565)(2,959)(2,559)(4,429)Fair value of Level 3 instruments, netasset(liability) end of period$(19,100)$8,619$(19,100)$8,619Net change in fair value of Level 3 unsettled derivatives included in condensed consolidated statement of operations line item:Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net$(15,582)$8,161$(9,412)$17,194





The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of our derivative contracts is the implied volatility curve, which is provided by a third-party vendor. A significant increase or decrease in the implied volatility, in isolation, would have a directionally similar effect resulting in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of our Level 3 derivative contracts. There has been no change in the methodology we apply to measure the fair value of our Level 3 derivative contracts during the periods covered by this report.





Non-Derivative Financial Assets and Liabilities





The carrying value of the financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.





We utilize fair value on a nonrecurring basis to review our proved crude oil and natural gas properties for possible impairment when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying value of such assets. The fair value of the properties is determined based upon estimated future discounted cash flow, a Level 3 input, using estimated production and prices at which we reasonably expect the crude oil and natural gas will be sold.





The portion of our long-term debt related to our revolving credit facility approximates fair value due to the variable nature of related interest rates. We have not elected to account for the portion of our debt related to our senior notes under the fair value option; however, we have determined an estimate of the fair values based on measurements of trading activity and broker and/or dealer quotes, respectively, which are published market prices, and therefore are Level 2 inputs. The table below presents these estimates of the fair value of the portion of our long-term debt related to our senior notes and convertible notes as of:


As of June 30, 2018As of December 31, 2017Estimated Fair ValuePercent of ParEstimated Fair ValuePercent of Par(in millions)(in millions)Senior notes:2021 Convertible Notes$209.2104.6%$195.697.8%2024 Senior Notes408.4102.1%416.0104.0%2026 Senior Notes599.799.9%616.5102.8%





The carrying value of our capital lease obligations approximates fair value due to the variable nature of the imputed interest rates and the duration of the related vehicle lease.








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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Concentration of Risk





Derivative Counterparties. A portion of our liquidity relates to commodity derivative instruments that enable us to manage a portion of our exposure to price volatility from producing crude oil and natural gas. These arrangements expose us to credit risk of nonperformance by our counterparties. We primarily use financial institutions who are also major lenders under our revolving credit facility as counterparties to our commodity derivative contracts. To date, we have had no derivative counterparty default losses. We have evaluated the credit risk of our derivative assets from our counterparties using relevant credit market default rates, giving consideration to amounts outstanding for each counterparty and the duration of each outstanding derivative position. Based on our evaluation, we have determined that the potential impact of nonperformance of our current counterparties on the fair value of our derivative instruments is not significant at June 30, 2018 , taking into account the estimated likelihood of nonperformance.





Note Receivable.  In 2014, we sold our entire 50 percent ownership interest in PDC Mountaineer, LLC to an unrelated third-party.  As part of the consideration, we received a promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) for a principal sum of $39.0 million , bearing variable interest rates. We regularly analyzed the Promissory Note for evidence of collectibility, evaluating factors such as the creditworthiness of the issuer of the Promissory Note and the value of the issuer's assets.  Based upon this analysis, during the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we recognized a provision and recorded an allowance for uncollectible notes receivable for the $44.0 million accumulated outstanding balance, including interest. In April 2017, we sold the Promissory Note to an unrelated third-party buyer for approximately $40.2 million in cash. Accordingly, we reversed $40.2 million of the provision for uncollectible notes receivable during the second quarter of 2017.





Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk as  substantially all of our deposits held in financial institutions were in excess of the FDIC insurance limits at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . We maintain our cash and cash equivalents in the form of money market and checking accounts with financial institutions that we believe are creditworthy and are also major lenders under our revolving credit facility.








NOTE 6 - COMMODITY DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS





Our results of operations and operating cash flows are affected by changes in market prices for crude oil, natural gas and NGLs. To manage a portion of our exposure to price volatility from producing crude oil, natural gas and propane, which is an element of our NGLs, we enter into commodity derivative contracts to protect against price declines in future periods. While we structure these commodity derivatives to reduce our exposure to decreases in commodity prices, they also limit the benefit we might otherwise receive from price increases.





We believe our commodity derivative instruments continue to be effective in achieving the risk management objectives for which they were intended. As of June 30, 2018 , we had derivative instruments, which were comprised of collars, fixed-price swaps and basis protection swaps, in place for a portion of our anticipated 2018, 2019 and 2020 production. Our commodity derivative contracts have been entered into at no cost to us as we hedge our anticipated production at the then-prevailing commodity market prices, without adjustment for premium or discount.








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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As of June 30, 2018 , we had the following outstanding derivative contracts. When aggregating multiple contracts, the weighted average contract price is disclosed.


CollarsFixed-Price SwapsCommodity/ Index/Maturity PeriodQuantity(Crude oil -MBlsNatural Gas - BBtu)Weighted-AverageContract PriceQuantity(Crude Oil - MBblsGas and Basis-BBtuPropane - MBbls)Weighted-AverageContractPriceFair ValueJune 30,2018 (1)(in thousands)FloorsCeilingsCrude OilNYMEX20181,106.0$46.01$57.115,636.0$52.34$(117,210)20191,400.053.5765.558,400.053.86(99,002)2020———600.062.50343Total Crude Oil2,506.014,636.0$(215,869)Natural GasNYMEX2018240.0$3.00$3.9027,715.0$2.94$(541)2019———8,004.02.78(218)Dominion South2018———399.02.12122019———256.62.137Total Natural Gas240.036,396.2$(740)Basis Protection - Crude OilMidland Cushing2018—$—$—343.9$(0.10)$4,374Total Basis Protection - Crude Oil—343.9$4,374Basis Protection - Natural GasCIG2018—$—$—19,612.0$(0.42)$6,4402019———7,924.0(0.88)(369)Waha2018———3,425.0(0.50)2,842Total Basis Protection - Natural Gas—30,961.0$8,913PropaneMont Belvieu2018—$—$—333.4$33.97$(1,882)Total Propane—333.4$(1,882)Rollfactor (2)Crude Oil CMA2018—$—$—2,934.3$0.13$(3,014)Total Rollfactor—2,934.3$(3,014)Commodity Derivatives Fair Value$(208,218)


_____________


|    |                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
|--- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|(1) | Approximately29.9percent of the fair value of our commodity derivative assets and10.5percentof the fair value of our commodity derivative liabilities were measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

|    |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
|--- | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|(2) | These positions hedge the timing risk associated with our physical sales. We generally sell crude oil for the delivery month at a sales price based on the average NYMEX West Texas Intermediate price during that month, plus an adjustment calculated as a spread between the weighted average prices of the delivery month, the next month and the following month during the period when the delivery month is the first month.




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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)








We have not elected to designate any of our derivative instruments as cash flow hedges; therefore, these instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.





The following table presents the balance sheet location and fair value amounts of our derivative instruments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


Fair ValueDerivative Instruments:Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Line ItemJune 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Derivative assets:CurrentCommodity derivative contractsFair value of derivatives$1,161$7,340Basis protection derivative contractsFair value of derivatives13,6566,99814,81714,338Non-currentFair value of derivatives——Total derivative assets$14,817$14,338Derivative liabilities:CurrentCommodity derivative contractsFair value of derivatives$183,369$77,999Basis protection derivative contractsFair value of derivatives222234Rollfactor derivative contractsFair value of derivatives3,0141,069186,60579,302Non-currentCommodity derivative contractsFair value of derivatives36,28322,343Basis protection derivative contractsFair value of derivatives147—36,43022,343Total derivative liabilities$223,035$101,645





The following table presents the impact of our derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated statements of operations:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations Line Item2018201720182017(in thousands)Commodity price risk management gain (loss), netNet settlements$(16,408)$12,015$(42,446)$12,566Net change in fair value of unsettled derivatives(99,718)45,917(120,920)126,070Total commodity price risk management gain (loss), net$(116,126)$57,932$(163,366)$138,636





Net settlements of commodity derivatives and net change in fair value of unsettled derivatives decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 as a result of the increase in future commodity prices during the first half of 2018 compared to a decrease during the first half of 2017. Our decrease in net settlements for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was partially offset by an $11.3 million realized gain on the early settlement of certain commodity derivative basis protection positions, including $10.3 million for the early settlement of crude oil basis protection instruments and $1.0 million for the early settlement of natural gas basis protection instruments, both for our Delaware Basin operations. The volumes associated with these instruments were impacted by certain marketing agreements entered into during the three months ended June 30, 2018 which eliminated the underlying sale price variability, and therefore there was no longer a variable to hedge.





All of our financial derivative agreements contain master netting provisions that provide for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in the event of early termination. We have elected not to offset the fair value positions recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.








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 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





The following table reflects the impact of netting agreements on gross derivative assets and liabilities:


As of June 30, 2018Derivative Instruments, GrossEffect of Master Netting AgreementsDerivative Instruments, Net(in thousands)Asset derivatives:Derivative instruments, at fair value$14,817$(14,752)$65Liability derivatives:Derivative instruments, at fair value$223,035$(14,752)$208,283


As of December 31, 2017Derivative Instruments, GrossEffect of Master Netting AgreementsDerivative Instruments, Net(in thousands)Asset derivatives:Derivative instruments, at fair value$14,338$(14,173)$165Liability derivatives:Derivative instruments, at fair value$101,645$(14,173)$87,472








NOTE 7 - PROPERTIES AND EQUIPMENT





The following table presents the components of properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization ("DD&A"):





June 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Properties and equipment, net:Crude oil and natural gas propertiesProved$4,944,476$4,356,922Unproved908,2711,097,317Total crude oil and natural gas properties5,852,7475,454,239Infrastructure, pipeline and other127,799109,359Land and buildings12,72410,960Construction in progress294,669196,024Properties and equipment, at cost6,287,9395,770,582Accumulated DD&A(2,095,331)(1,837,115)Properties and equipment, net$4,192,608$3,933,467





The following table presents impairment charges recorded for crude oil and natural gas properties:





Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in thousands)Impairment of proved and unproved properties$159,528$27,463$192,658$29,565Amortization of individually insignificant unproved properties2610384194Impairment of crude oil and natural gas properties$159,554$27,566$192,742$29,759








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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During the six months ended  June 30, 2018 , we recorded impairment charges totaling $192.7 million , including $ 159.5 million during the three months ended  June 30, 2018 . During the three months ended June 30, 2018 , we identified current and anticipated near-term leasehold expirations within our non-focus areas of the Delaware Basin and made the determination that we would no longer pursue plans to develop these properties. The impaired non-focus leasehold typically has a higher gas to oil ratio and a greater degree of geologic complexity than our other Delaware Basin properties and is further impacted by widening natural gas differentials and increased well development costs. We intend to focus our future Delaware Basin development in our oilier core areas where we have identified approximately 450 mid-length lateral equivalent Wolfcamp drilling locations. We continue to explore options for our non-focus areas and monitor them for possible future impairment based on similar analyses. We determined the fair value of the properties based upon estimated future discounted cash flow, a Level 3 input, using estimated production and prices at which we reasonably expect the crude oil and natural gas will be sold.





Additionally, we corrected an error in our calculation of the unproved properties and goodwill impairment originally reported in the quarter ended September 30, 2017. The correction of the error resulted in an additional impairment charge of $6.3 million , recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2018, which we have included in the impairment of properties and equipment expense line in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. We evaluated the error under the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections ("ASC 250"). Based on the guidance in ASC 250, we determined that the impact of the error did not have a material impact on our previously-issued financial statements or those of the period of correction.





Utica Shale Divestiture. In March 2018, we completed the disposition of our Utica Shale properties (the "Utica Shale Divestiture") for net cash proceeds of approximately $39.0 million . We recorded a loss on sale of properties and equipment of $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, which included post-closing adjustments. The divestiture of the Utica Shale properties did not represent a strategic shift in our operations or have a significant impact on our operations or financial results; therefore, we did not account for it as a discontinued operation.





Suspended Well Costs. We have spud one well in the Delaware Basin for which we are unable to make a final determination regarding whether proved reserves can be associated with the well as of June 30, 2018 as the well had not been completed as of that date. Therefore, we have classified the capitalized costs of the well as suspended well costs as of June 30, 2018 while we continue to conduct completion and testing operations to determine the existence of proved reserves.





The following table presents the capitalized exploratory well cost pending determination of proved reserves and included in properties and equipment, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:


Six Months Ended June 30, 2018Year Ended December 31, 2017(in thousands, except for number of wells)Beginning balance$15,448$—Additions to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved reserves23,44351,776Reclassifications to proved properties(29,883)(36,328)Capitalized exploratory well costs charged to expense——Ending balance$9,008$15,448Number of wells pending determination at period end13








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 June 30, 2018
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NOTE 8 - OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES





Other Accrued Expenses. The following table presents the components of other accrued expenses as of:


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Employee benefits$14,609$22,383Asset retirement obligations15,95915,801Environmental expenses2,3551,374Other2,9653,429Other accrued expenses$35,888$42,987





Other Liabilities. The following table presents the components of other liabilities as of:


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Production taxes$28,537$50,476Deferred oil gathering credit23,115—Other9,9656,857Other liabilities$61,617$57,333





Deferred Oil Gathering Credit. On January 31, 2018, we received a payment of $24.1 million from Saddle Butte Rockies Midstream, LLC for the execution of an amendment to an existing crude oil purchase and sale agreement signed in December 2017. The amendment was effective contingent upon certain events which occurred in late January 2018. The amendment, among other things, dedicates crude oil from the majority of our Wattenberg Field acreage to Saddle Butte's gathering lines and extends the term of the agreement through December 2029. The payment will be amortized using the straight-line method over the life of the amendment. Amortization charges totaling approximately $0.4 million and $0.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 related to the deferred oil gathering credit are included as a reduction to transportation, gathering and processing expenses on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.





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 June 30, 2018
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NOTE 9 - LONG-TERM DEBT





Long-term debt consisted of the following as of:


June 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Senior notes:1.125% Convertible Notes due September 2021:Principal amount$200,000$200,000Unamortized discount(26,600)(30,328)Unamortized debt issuance costs(3,128)(3,615)Net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs170,272166,0576.125% Senior Notes due September 2024:Principal amount400,000400,000Unamortized debt issuance costs(6,080)(6,570)Net of unamortized debt issuance costs393,920393,4305.75% Senior Notes due May 2026:Principal amount600,000600,000Unamortized debt issuance costs(7,075)(7,555)Net of unamortized debt issuance costs592,925592,445Total senior notes1,157,1171,151,932Revolving credit facility due May 202322,000—Total long-term debt, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs$1,179,117$1,151,932





Senior Notes





2021 Convertible Notes. In September 2016 , we issued $200 million of 1.125% convertible notes due September 15, 2021 (the "2021 Convertible Notes") in a public offering. Interest is payable in cash semiannually on each March 15 and September 15 . The conversion price at maturity is $ 85.39 per share. We allocated the gross proceeds of the 2021 Convertible Notes between the liability and equity components of the debt. The initial $160.5 million liability component was determined based on the fair value of similar debt instruments, excluding the conversion feature, priced on the same day we issued the 2021 Convertible Notes. Approximately $4.8 million in costs associated with the issuance of the 2021 Convertible Notes were capitalized as debt issuance costs. As of June 30, 2018 , the unamortized debt discount will be amortized over the remaining contractual term to maturity of the 2021 Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.





Upon conversion, the 2021 Convertible Notes may be settled, at our sole election, in shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. We have initially elected a combination settlement method to satisfy our conversion obligation, which allows us to settle the principal amount of the 2021 Convertible Notes in cash and to settle the excess conversion value, if any, in shares of our common stock, with cash paid in lieu of fractional shares.





2024 Senior Notes. In September 2016 , we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 6.125% senior notes due September 15, 2024 (the “2024 Senior Notes”) in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers. In May 2017, in accordance with the registration rights agreement that we entered into with the initial purchasers when we issued the 2024 Senior Notes, we filed a registration statement with the SEC relating to an offer to exchange the 2024 Senior Notes for registered notes with substantially identical terms, and we completed the exchange offer in September 2017. The 2024 Senior Notes accrue interest from the date of issuance and interest is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 . Approximately $7.8 million in costs associated with the issuance of the 2024 Senior Notes were capitalized as debt issuance costs and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the notes using the effective interest method.








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 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





2026 Senior Notes. In November 2017, we issued $600 million aggregate principal amount of 5.75% senior notes due May 15, 2026, in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers. In June 2018, in accordance with the registration rights agreement that we entered into with the initial purchasers when we issued the 2024 Senior Notes, we filed a registration statement with the SEC relating to an offer to exchange the 2024 Senior Notes for registered notes with substantially identical terms, and we completed the exchange offer in July 2018. The 2026 Senior Notes accrue interest from the date of issuance and interest is payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 . The first interest payment occurred on May 15, 2018. Approximately $7.6 million in costs associated with the issuance of the 2026 Senior Notes were capitalized as debt issuance costs and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the notes using the effective interest method.





Our wholly-owned subsidiary PDC Permian, Inc. guarantees our obligations under the 2021 Convertible Notes, the 2026 Senior Notes and the 2024 Senior Notes (collectively, the "Notes"). Accordingly, condensed consolidating financial information for PDC and PDC Permian, Inc. is presented in the footnote titled Subsidiary Guarantor .





As of June 30, 2018 , we were in compliance with all covenants related to the Notes.





Revolving Credit Facility





In May 2018, we entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Restated Credit Agreement”) with certain banks and other lenders, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent. The Restated Credit Agreement amends and restates our Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of May 21, 2013, as amended. Among other things, the Restated Credit Agreement provides for a maximum credit amount of $2.5 billion , an initial borrowing base of $1.3 billion , an initial elected commitment amount of $700 million and is subject to certain limitations under our Notes. In addition, the Restated Credit Agreement extends the maturity date of the facility from May 2020 to May 2023 , reflects improved covenant flexibility and certain reductions in interest rates applicable to borrowings under the facility and includes a $25.0 million swingline facility.





The revolving credit facility is available for working capital requirements, capital investments, acquisitions, to support letters of credit and for general corporate purposes. The borrowing base is based on, among other things, the loan value assigned to the proved reserves attributable to our crude oil and natural gas interests. The borrowing base is subject to a semi-annual redetermination on November 1 and May 1 based upon quantification of our reserves at June 30 and December 31, and is also subject to a redetermination upon the occurrence of certain events.





The outstanding principal amount under the revolving credit facility accrues interest at a varying interest rate that fluctuates with an alternate base rate (equal to the greatest of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.'s prime rate, the federal funds rate plus a premium and the rate for dollar deposits in the London interbank market (“LIBOR”) for one month plus a premium) or, at our election, a rate equal to LIBOR for certain time periods. Additionally, commitment fees, interest margin and other bank fees, charged as a component of interest, vary with our utilization of the facility. As of June 30, 2018 , the applicable interest margin is 0.25 percent for the alternate base rate option or 1.25 percent for the LIBOR option, and the unused commitment fee is 0.375 percent . Principal payments are generally not required until the revolving credit facility expires in May 2023 , unless the borrowing base falls below the outstanding balance.





The revolving credit facility contains covenants customary for agreements of this type, with the most restrictive being certain financial tests on a quarterly basis. The financial tests, as defined per the revolving credit facility, include requirements to: (a) maintain a minimum current ratio of 1.0:1.0 and (b) not exceed a maximum leverage ratio of 4.0:1.0. As of June 30, 2018 , we were in compliance with all the revolving credit facility covenants.





As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , debt issuance costs related to our revolving credit facility were $9.0 million and $6.2 million , respectively, and are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2018 , the weighted-average interest rate on the outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility, exclusive of fees on the unused commitment, was 5.4 percent .








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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NOTE 10 - CAPITAL LEASES





We periodically enter into non-cancelable lease agreements for vehicles utilized by our operations and field personnel. These leases are being accounted for as capital leases as the present value of minimum monthly lease payments, including the residual value guarantee, exceeds 90 percent of the fair value of the leased vehicles at inception of the lease.





The following table presents vehicles under capital lease as of:





June 30, 2018December 31, 2017(in thousands)Vehicles$6,842$6,249Accumulated depreciation(2,654)(1,882)$4,188$4,367





Future minimum lease payments by year and in the aggregate, under non-cancelable capital leases with terms of one year or more, consist of the following:


For the Twelve Months Ending June 30,Amount(in thousands)2019$2,03620202,16020219665,162Executory cost(267)Amount representing interest(582)Present value of minimum lease payments$4,313Short-term capital lease obligations$1,746Long-term capital lease obligations2,567$4,313





Short-term capital lease obligations are included in other accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and long-term capital lease obligations are included in other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.








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NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES





We evaluate and update our estimated annual effective income tax rate on a quarterly basis based on current and forecasted operating results and tax laws. Consequently, based upon the mix and timing of our actual annual earnings compared to annual projections, our effective tax rate may vary quarterly and may make quarterly comparisons not meaningful. The quarterly income tax provision is generally comprised of tax expense on income or benefit on loss at the most recent estimated annual effective income tax rate, adjusted for the effect of discrete items.





The effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 are based upon a full year forecasted tax benefit on loss and a full year forecasted tax expense on income, respectively. The effective income tax rates differs from the statutory federal tax rate, primarily due to state taxes, stock-based compensation, nondeductible officers’ compensation and nondeductible lobbying expenses. In addition, federal tax credits impacted the effective income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. We anticipate the potential for increased periodic volatility in future effective tax rates from the impact of stock-based compensation tax deductions as they are treated as discrete tax items.





The effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 were 22.0 percent and 22.3 percent benefit on loss, respectively, compared to 37.3 percent and 36.8 percent expense on income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively. The federal corporate statutory income tax rate decreased from 35 percent in 2017 to 21 percent in 2018 resulting from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act").





As of June 30, 2018 , there is no liability for unrecognized income tax benefits. As of the date of this report, we are current with our income tax filings in all applicable state jurisdictions and are not currently under any state income tax examinations. We continue to voluntarily participate in the Internal Revenue Service's ("IRS") Compliance Assurance Program for the 2017 and 2018 tax years. We have received final acceptance of our 2016 federal income tax return from the IRS; however, this return is going through the Joint Tax Committee review process due to tax refunds requested.








NOTE 12 - ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS





The following table presents the changes in carrying amounts of the asset retirement obligations associated with our working interests in crude oil and natural gas properties:


Amount(in thousands)Balance at December 31, 2017$87,306Obligations incurred with development activities1,517Obligations incurred with acquisition4,687Accretion expense2,573Revisions in estimated cash flows42Obligations discharged with asset retirements and divestiture(6,617)Balance at June 30, 201889,508Current portion(15,959)Long-term portion$73,549


Our estimated asset retirement obligations liability is based on historical experience in plugging and abandoning wells, estimated economic lives and estimated plugging and abandonment costs considering federal and state regulatory requirements in effect. The liability is discounted using the credit-adjusted risk-free rate estimated at the time the liability is incurred or revised. To the extent future revisions to these assumptions impact the present value of the existing asset retirement obligations liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the properties and equipment balance. Changes in the liability due to the passage of time are recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as corresponding accretion expense. Short-term asset retirement obligations are included in other accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.








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NOTE 13 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES





Firm Transportation and Processing Agreements. We enter into contracts that provide firm transportation and processing on pipeline systems through which we transport or sell crude oil and natural gas. Satisfaction of the volume requirements includes volumes produced by us, purchased from third parties and produced by our affiliated partnerships and other third-party working, royalty and overriding royalty interest owners whose volumes we market on their behalf. Our condensed consolidated statements of operations reflect our share of these firm transportation and processing costs. These contracts require us to pay these transportation and processing charges whether or not the required volumes are delivered.





The following table presents gross volume information related to our long-term firm transportation and processing agreements for pipeline capacity:


For the Twelve Months Ending June 30,Area20192020202120222023 andThroughExpirationTotalExpirationDateNatural gas (MMcf)Wattenberg Field13,12429,82031,02531,025106,537211,531April 30, 2026Delaware Basin41,63721,9607,360——70,957December 31, 2020Gas Marketing7,1177,1367,1176,8751,14729,392August 31, 2022Total61,87858,91645,50237,900107,684311,880Crude oil (MBbls)Wattenberg Field4,2384,8605,4755,4754,56024,608April 30, 2023Delaware Basin5,8228,7408,3988,03012,07843,068December 31, 2023Total10,06013,60013,87313,50516,63867,676Dollar commitment (in thousands)$80,377$92,045$71,309$70,248$150,493$464,472





Wattenberg Field. In anticipation of our future drilling activities in the Wattenberg Field, we have entered into two facilities expansion agreements with our primary midstream provider to expand and improve its natural gas gathering pipelines and processing facilities. The midstream provider completed and turned on line the first of the two 200 MMcfd cryogenic plants in August 2018. The second plant is currently scheduled to be completed in the second quarter of 2019. We are bound to the volume requirements in these agreements on the first day of the calendar month following the actual in-service date of the relevant plant. Both agreements require baseline volume commitments, consisting of our gross wellhead volume delivered in November 2016 to this midstream provider, and incremental wellhead volume commitments of 51.5 MMcfd and 33.5 MMcfd for the first and second agreements, respectively, for seven years. We may be required to pay shortfall fees for any volumes under the 51.5 MMcfd and 33.5 MMcfd incremental commitments. Any shortfall in these volume commitments may be offset by other producers’ volumes sold to the midstream provider that are greater than a certain total baseline volume. We are also required for the first three years of the contracts to guarantee a certain target profit margin to the midstream provider on these incremental volumes. We currently expect that our future development plans will meet both the baseline and incremental volumes and we believe that the contractual target profit margin will be achieved with minimal payment from us, if any.





In April 2018, we entered into two five-year firm transportation agreements, effective May 1, 2018, with a third-party crude oil pipeline company to transport 15,000 barrels of crude oil per day from our Wattenberg Field via pipeline to Cushing, Oklahoma, and other area refineries.





Delaware Basin . In May 2018, we entered into two firm sales agreements that is effective from June 1, 2018 through December 31, 2023 for an initial 11,400 barrels of crude oil per day and incrementally increasing to 26,400 barrels of crude oil per day with an integrated marketing company for our crude oil production in the Delaware Basin. These agreements are expected to provide price diversification through realization of export market pricing via a Corpus Christi terminal and exposure to Brent-weighted prices.





Commodity Sales . For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , commitments for long-term transportation volumes, net to our interest, for Wattenberg Field crude oil and Delaware Basin natural gas were $2.6 million and $5.2





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 June 30, 2018
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million , respectively, and in accordance with the guidance in the New Revenue Standard, were netted against our crude oil and natural gas sales in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , commitments for long-term transportation volumes for Wattenberg Field crude oil and Utica Shale natural gas were $2.6 million and $4.8 million , respectively, and were recorded in transportation, gathering and processing expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The commitments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 would have been netted against our crude oil and natural gas sales in accordance with the New Revenue Standard.





Litigation and Legal Items. We are involved in various legal proceedings. We review the status of these proceedings on an ongoing basis and, from time to time, may settle or otherwise resolve these matters on terms and conditions that management believes are in our best interests. We have provided the necessary estimated accruals in the accompanying balance sheets where deemed appropriate for litigation and legal related items that are ongoing and not yet concluded. Although the results cannot be known with certainty, we currently believe that the ultimate results of such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.





Action Regarding Partnerships . In December 2017, we received an action entitled Dufresne, et al. v. PDC Energy, et al., filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. The complaint states that it is a derivative action brought by a number of limited partner investors seeking to assert claims on behalf of our two affiliated partnerships, Rockies Region 2006 LP and Rockies Region 2007 LP, against PDC and includes claims for breach of fiduciary duty and breach of contract. The plaintiffs also included claims against two of our senior officers for alleged breach of fiduciary duty. The lawsuit accuses PDC, as the managing general partner of the two partnerships, of, among other things, failing to maximize the productivity of the partnerships’ crude oil and natural gas wells. We filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit on February 1, 2018, on the grounds that the complaint is deficient, including because the plaintiffs failed to allege that PDC refused a demand to take action on their claims. On March 14, 2018, the motion was denied as moot by the court because the plaintiffs requested leave to amend their complaint. In late April 2018, the plaintiffs filed an amendment to their complaint. Such amendment primarily alleges additional facts to support the plaintiffs’ claims and purports to add direct class action claims in addition to the original derivative claims. The amendment also adds three new individual defendants, all of whom are currently independent members of our Board of Directors. We moved to dismiss the claims against the individuals named as defendants and in response, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint on July 10, 2018. We filed a motion to dismiss this second amended complaint and the claims against the individuals named as defendants on July 31, 2018. We are currently unable to estimate any potential damages resulting from this lawsuit.





Environmental.  Due to the nature of the natural gas and oil industry, we are exposed to environmental risks. We have various policies and procedures to minimize and mitigate the risks from environmental contamination. We conduct periodic reviews and simulated drills to identify changes in our environmental risk profile. Liabilities are recorded when environmental damages resulting from past events are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Except as discussed herein, we are not aware of any material environmental claims existing as of June 30, 2018 which have not been provided for or would otherwise have a material impact on our financial statements; however, there can be no assurance that current regulatory requirements will not change or that unknown potential past non-compliance with environmental laws or other environmental liabilities will not be discovered on our properties. Accrued environmental liabilities are recorded in other accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The liability ultimately incurred with respect to a matter may exceed the related accrual.





Clean Air Act Agreement and Related Consent Decree. In August 2015, we received a Clean Air Act Section 114 Information Request (the "Information Request") from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA"). The Information Request sought, among other things, information related to the design, operation and maintenance of our Wattenberg Field production facilities in the Denver-Julesburg Basin of Colorado ("DJ Basin"). The Information Request focused on historical operation and design information for 46 of our production facilities and requested sampling and analyses at the identified 46 facilities. We responded to the Information Request with the requested data in January 2016.





In addition, in December 2015, we received a Compliance Advisory pursuant to C.R.S. 25-7-115(2) from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment's (“CDPHE”) Air Quality Control Commission's Air Pollution Control Division alleging that we failed to design, operate and maintain certain condensate collection, storage, processing and handling operations to minimize leakage of volatile organic compounds at 65 facilities consistent with applicable standards under Colorado law.








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





In June 2017, the U.S. Department of Justice, on behalf of the EPA and the state of Colorado, filed a complaint against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado, claiming that we failed to operate and maintain certain condensate collection facilities at 65 facilities so as to minimize leakage of volatile organic compounds in compliance with applicable law. In October 2017, we entered into a consent decree to resolve the lawsuit and the above referenced Compliance Advisory. Pursuant to the consent decree, we agreed to implement a variety of operational enhancements and mitigation and similar projects, including vapor control system modifications and verification, increased inspection and monitoring and installation of tank pressure monitors. The three primary elements of the consent decree are: (i) fine/supplemental environmental projects ($ 1.5 million cash fine, plus $ 1 million in supplemental environmental projects) of which the cash fines were paid in the first quarter of 2018 and the environmental projects have been accrued in other accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2018 , (ii) injunctive relief with an estimated cost of approximately $ 18 million , primarily representing capital enhancements to our operations and (iii) mitigation with an estimated cost of $ 1.7 million . We continue to incur costs associated with these activities. If we fail to comply fully with the requirements of the consent decree with respect to those matters, we could be subject to additional liability. In addition, we could be the subject of other enforcement actions by regulatory authorities in the future relating to our past, present or future operations. We do not believe that the expenditures resulting from the settlement will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.





We are in the process of implementing a program to comply with the consent decree. In July 2018, we identified certain immaterial deficiencies in our implementation of the program. We have reported these immaterial deficiencies to the appropriate authorities and are in the process of remediating them. We do not believe that any sanctions associated with these deficiencies will have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations, but they may exceed $100,000 .








NOTE 14 - COMMON STOCK





Stock-Based Compensation Plans





2018 Equity Incentive Plan . In May 2018, our stockholders approved a long-term equity compensation plan for our employees and non-employee directors (the “2018 Plan”). The 2018 Plan provides for a reserve of 1,800,000 shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards under the 2018 Plan and a term that expires in March 2028. Shares issued may be either authorized but unissued shares, treasury shares or any combination. Additionally, the 2018 Plan permits the reuse or reissuance of shares of common stock which were canceled, expired, forfeited, or paid out in the form of cash. Shares tendered or withheld to satisfy the exercise price of options or tax withholding obligations, and shares covering the portion of exercised stock-settled stock appreciation rights ("SARs") (regardless of the number of shares actually delivered), count against the share limit. Awards may be issued in the form of options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance stock units ("PSUs") and other stock-based awards. Awards may vest over periods set at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee") with certain minimum vesting periods. With regard to SARs, awards have a maximum exercisable period of ten years.





2010 Long-Term Equity Compensation Plan . Our Amended and Restated 2010 Long-Term Equity Compensation Plan, which was most recently approved by stockholders in 2013 (as the same has been amended and restated from time to time, the "2010 Plan"), will remain outstanding and we may use the 2010 Plan to grant awards. However, the share reserve of the 2010 Plan is nearly depleted. As of June 30, 2018, there were 256,059 shares available for grant under the 2010 Plan.





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 June 30, 2018
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The following table provides a summary of the impact of our outstanding stock-based compensation plans on the results of operations for the periods presented:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in thousands)Stock-based compensation expense$5,518$5,372$10,779$9,826Income tax benefit(1,323)(2,010)(2,584)(3,676)Net stock-based compensation expense$4,195$3,362$8,195$6,150


Stock Appreciation Rights





The SARs vest ratably over a three-year period and may be exercised at any point after vesting through ten years from the date of issuance. Pursuant to the terms of the awards, upon exercise, the executive officers will receive, in shares of common stock, the excess of the market price of the award on the date of exercise over the market price of the award on the date of issuance. No SARs were awarded or expired during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 .





Total compensation cost related to non-vested SARs granted and not yet recognized in our condensed consolidated statement of operations as of June 30, 2018 was $1.2 million . The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years .





Restricted Stock Awards





Time-Based Awards. The fair value of the time-based RSUs is amortized ratably over the requisite service period, primarily three years. The time-based shares generally vest ratably on each anniversary following the grant date provided that a participant is continuously employed.





The following table presents the changes in non-vested time-based RSUs to all employees, including executive officers, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 :


SharesWeighted-AverageGrant DateFair Value per ShareNon-vested at December 31, 2017472,132$60.23Granted373,78849.73Vested(208,060)58.49Forfeited(26,878)58.12Non-vested at June 30, 2018610,98254.49





The following table presents the weighted-average grant date fair value per share and related information as of/for the periods presented:


Six Months Ended June 30,20182017(in thousands, except per share data)Total intrinsic value of time-based awards vested$10,482$13,103Total intrinsic value of time-based awards non-vested36,93422,454Market price per share as of June 30,60.4543.11Weighted-average grant date fair value per share49.7367.02








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 June 30, 2018
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Total compensation cost related to non-vested time-based awards and not yet recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations as of June 30, 2018 was $26.8 million . This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.





Market-Based Awards. The fair value of the market-based PSUs is amortized ratably over the requisite service period, primarily three years. The market-based shares vest if the participant is continuously employed throughout the performance period and the market-based performance measure is achieved, with a maximum vesting period of three years. All compensation cost related to the market-based awards will be recognized if the requisite service period is fulfilled, even if the market condition is not achieved.





The Compensation Committee awarded a total of 90,778 market-based PSUs to our executive officers during the six months ended June 30, 2018 . In addition to continuous employment, the vesting of these shares is contingent on our total stockholder return ("TSR"), which is essentially our stock price change including any dividends as compared to the TSR of a group of peer companies. The shares are measured over a three-year period ending on December 31, 2020, and can result in a payout between 0 percent and 200 percent of the target PSUs awarded. The weighted-average grant date fair value per PSU granted was computed using the Monte Carlo pricing model using the following assumptions:


Six Months Ended June 30,20182017Expected term of award (in years)33Risk-free interest rate2.4%1.4%Expected volatility42.3%51.4%Weighted-average grant date fair value per share$69.98$94.02





The expected term of the awards was based on the requisite service period. The risk-free interest rate was based on the U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the time of grant and extrapolated to approximate the life of the award. The expected volatility was based on our historical volatility.





The following table presents the change in non-vested market-based awards during the six months ended June 30, 2018 :


SharesWeighted-AverageGrant DateFair Value per ShareNon-vested at December 31, 201752,349$84.06Granted90,77869.98Forfeited(4,128)94.02Non-vested at June 30, 2018138,99974.57





The following table presents the weighted-average grant date fair value per share and related information as of/for the periods presented:


Six Months Ended June 30,20182017(in thousands, except per share data)Total intrinsic value of market-based awards non-vested$8,402$3,297Market price per common share as of June 30,60.4543.11Weighted-average grant date fair value per share69.9894.02








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 June 30, 2018
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Total compensation cost related to non-vested market-based awards not yet recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of operations as of June 30, 2018 was $7.0 million . This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.





Preferred Stock





We are authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, which may be issued in one or more series, with such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as shall be fixed by our Board of Directors from time to time. Through June 30, 2018 , no preferred shares have been issued.








NOTE 15 - EARNINGS PER SHARE





Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is similarly computed, except that the denominator includes the effect, using the treasury stock method, of unvested restricted stock, outstanding SARs, stock options, convertible notes and shares held pursuant to our non-employee director deferred compensation plan, if including such potential shares of common stock is dilutive.





The following table presents a reconciliation of the weighted-average diluted shares outstanding:





Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in thousands)Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic66,06665,85966,01265,804Dilutive effect of:Restricted stock—94—176Other equity-based awards—66—86Weighted-average common shares and equivalents outstanding - diluted66,06666,01966,01266,066





We reported a net loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 . As a result, our basic and diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding were the same for that period because the effect of the common share equivalents was anti-dilutive.





The following table presents the weighted-average common share equivalents excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share due to their anti-dilutive effect:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in thousands)Weighted-average common share equivalents excluded from diluted earnings per share due to their anti-dilutive effect:Restricted stock624376558119Other equity-based awards272122510Total anti-dilutive common share equivalents896377783129





In September 2016, we issued the 2021 Convertible Notes, which give the holders, at our election, the right to convert the aggregate principal amount into 2.3 million shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $85.39 per share. The 2021 Convertible Notes could be included in the diluted earnings per share calculation using the treasury stock method if the average market share price exceeds the $85.39 conversion price during the periods presented. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 , the average market price of our common stock did not exceed the conversion price; therefore, shares issuable upon conversion of the 2021 Convertible Notes were not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation.








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 June 30, 2018
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NOTE 16 - SUBSIDIARY GUARANTOR





PDC Permian, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary, guarantees our obligations under our publicly-registered senior notes. The following presents the condensed consolidating financial information separately for: (i)PDC Energy, Inc. ("Parent"), the issuer of the guaranteed obligations, including non-material subsidiaries;(ii)PDC Permian, Inc., the guarantor subsidiary ("Guarantor"), as specified in the indentures related to our senior notes;(iii)Eliminations representing adjustments to (a) eliminate intercompany transactions between or among Parent, Guarantor and our other subsidiaries and (b) eliminate the investments in our subsidiaries; and(iv)Parent and subsidiaries on a consolidated basis ("Consolidated").





The Guarantor is 100 percent owned by the Parent. The senior notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis by the Guarantor. The guarantee is subject to release in limited circumstances only upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. Each entity in the condensed consolidating financial information follows the same accounting policies as described in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.





The following condensed consolidating financial statements have been prepared on the same basis of accounting as our condensed consolidated financial statements. Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for under the equity method. Accordingly, the entries necessary to consolidate the Parent and Guarantor are reflected in the eliminations column.





























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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
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Condensed Consolidating Balance SheetsJune 30, 2018ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)Current assets:Cash and cash equivalents$1,425$—$—$1,425Accounts receivable, net149,12046,197—195,317Fair value of derivatives14,817——14,817Prepaid expenses and other current assets5,3791,365—6,744Total current assets170,74147,562—218,303Properties and equipment, net2,191,9852,000,623—4,192,608Intercompany receivable352,436—(352,436)—Investment in subsidiaries1,493,829—(1,493,829)—Other assets27,0694,174—31,243Total Assets$4,236,060$2,052,359$(1,846,265)$4,442,154Liabilities and Stockholders' EquityLiabilitiesCurrent liabilities:Accounts payable$135,677$79,473$—$215,150Production tax liability52,7683,998—56,766Fair value of derivatives186,605——186,605Funds held for distribution80,43921,915—102,354Accrued interest payable12,5565—12,561Other accrued expenses35,143745—35,888Total current liabilities503,188106,136—609,324Intercompany payable—352,436(352,436)—Long-term debt1,179,117——1,179,117Deferred income taxes48,74093,071—141,811Asset retirement obligations67,1426,407—73,549Fair value of derivatives36,430——36,430Other liabilities61,137480—61,617Total liabilities1,895,754558,530(352,436)2,101,848Commitments and contingent liabilitiesStockholders' EquityStockholders' equityCommon shares661——661Additional paid-in capital2,509,6931,766,775(1,766,775)2,509,693Retained earnings(166,692)(272,946)272,946(166,692)Treasury shares(3,356)——(3,356)Total stockholders' equity2,340,3061,493,829(1,493,829)2,340,306Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$4,236,060$2,052,359$(1,846,265)$4,442,154








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 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





Condensed Consolidating Balance SheetsDecember 31, 2017ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)Current assets:Cash and cash equivalents$180,675$—$—$180,675Accounts receivable, net160,49037,108—197,598Fair value of derivatives14,338——14,338Prepaid expenses and other current assets8,284329—8,613Total current assets363,78737,437—401,224Properties and equipment, net1,891,3142,042,153—3,933,467Assets held-for-sale, net40,084——40,084Intercompany receivable250,279—(250,279)—Investment in subsidiaries1,617,537—(1,617,537)—Other assets42,5472,569—45,116Total Assets$4,205,548$2,082,159$(1,867,816)$4,419,891Liabilities and Stockholders' EquityLiabilitiesCurrent liabilities:Accounts payable$85,000$65,067$—$150,067Production tax liability35,9021,752—37,654Fair value of derivatives79,302——79,302Funds held for distribution83,89811,913—95,811Accrued interest payable11,8123—11,815Other accrued expenses42,543444—42,987Total current liabilities338,45779,179—417,636Intercompany payable—250,279(250,279)—Long-term debt1,151,932——1,151,932Deferred income taxes62,857129,135—191,992Asset retirement obligations65,3015,705—71,006Fair value of derivatives22,343——22,343Other liabilities57,009324—57,333Total liabilities1,697,899464,622(250,279)1,912,242Commitments and contingent liabilitiesStockholders' EquityStockholders' equityCommon shares659——659Additional paid-in capital2,503,2941,766,775(1,766,775)2,503,294Retained earnings6,704(149,238)149,2386,704Treasury shares(3,008)——(3,008)Total stockholders' equity2,507,6491,617,537(1,617,537)2,507,649Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$4,205,548$2,082,159$(1,867,816)$4,419,891








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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





Condensed Consolidating Statements of OperationsThree Months Ended June 30, 2018ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)RevenuesCrude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$242,903$83,030$—$325,933Commodity price risk management loss, net(116,126)——(116,126)Other income2,479245—2,724Total revenues129,25683,275—212,531Costs, expenses and otherLease operating expenses23,4328,828—32,260Production taxes16,1896,415—22,604Transportation, gathering and processing expenses3,6105,354—8,964Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense296579—875Impairment of properties and equipment86159,468—159,554General and administrative expense33,1524,095—37,247Depreciation, depletion and amortization93,21742,407—135,624Accretion of asset retirement obligations1,177108—1,285Gain on sale of properties and equipment(351)——(351)Other expenses2,708——2,708Total costs, expenses and other173,516227,254—400,770Loss from operations(44,260)(143,979)—(188,239)Interest expense(17,915)505—(17,410)Interest income69——69Loss before income taxes(62,106)(143,474)—(205,580)Income tax benefit13,34831,975—45,323Equity in loss of subsidiary(111,499)—111,499—Net loss$(160,257)$(111,499)$111,499$(160,257)











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 NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





Condensed Consolidating Statements of OperationsThree Months Ended June 30, 2017ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)RevenuesCrude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$190,828$22,774$—$213,602Commodity price risk management gain, net57,932——57,932Other income3,58638—3,624Total revenues252,34622,812—275,158Costs, expenses and otherLease operating expenses15,5574,471—20,028Production taxes13,3881,654—15,042Transportation, gathering and processing expenses5,767721—6,488Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense256777—1,033Impairment of properties and equipment53127,035—27,566General and administrative expense26,6172,914—29,531Depreciation, depletion and amortization108,72717,286—126,013Accretion of asset retirement obligations1,58977—1,666Gain on sale of properties and equipment(532)——(532)Provision for uncollectible notes receivable(40,203)——(40,203)Other expenses3,890——3,890Total costs, expenses and other135,58754,935—190,522Income (loss) from operations116,759(32,123)—84,636Interest expense(19,800)183—(19,617)Interest income768——768Income (loss) before income taxes97,727(31,940)—65,787Income tax (expense) benefit(36,285)11,748—(24,537)Equity in loss of subsidiary(20,192)—20,192—Net income (loss)$41,250$(20,192)$20,192$41,250








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 June 30, 2018
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Condensed Consolidating Statements of OperationsSix Months Ended June 30, 2018ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)RevenuesCrude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$476,397$154,761$—$631,158Commodity price risk management loss, net(163,366)——(163,366)Other income4,995344—5,339Total revenues318,026155,105—473,131Costs, expenses and otherLease operating expenses44,79417,102—61,896Production taxes32,27010,503—42,773Transportation, gathering and processing expenses6,8419,436—16,277Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense6092,912—3,521Impairment of properties and equipment92192,650—192,742General and administrative expense64,7118,232—72,943Depreciation, depletion and amortization187,59374,819—262,412Accretion of asset retirement obligations2,377196—2,573Loss on sale of properties and equipment1,081——1,081Other expenses5,476——5,476Total costs, expenses and other345,844315,850—661,694Loss from operations(27,818)(160,745)—(188,563)Interest expense(36,012)1,073—(34,939)Interest income217——217Loss before income taxes(63,613)(159,672)—(223,285)Income tax benefit13,92535,964—49,889Equity in loss of subsidiary(123,708)—123,708—Net loss$(173,396)$(123,708)$123,708$(173,396)











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 June 30, 2018
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Condensed Consolidating Statements of OperationsSix Months Ended June 30, 2017ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)RevenuesCrude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$361,567$41,727$—$403,294Commodity price risk management gain, net138,636——138,636Other income6,88451—6,935Total revenues507,08741,778—548,865Costs, expenses and otherLease operating expenses31,3748,443—39,817Production taxes24,5322,909—27,441Transportation, gathering and processing expenses10,9821,408—12,390Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense5271,460—1,987Impairment of properties and equipment1,13428,625—29,759General and administrative expense50,1465,700—55,846Depreciation, depletion and amortization210,46524,864—235,329Accretion of asset retirement obligations3,274160—3,434Gain on sale of properties and equipment(692)——(692)Provision for uncollectible notes receivable(40,203)——(40,203)Other expenses7,418——7,418Total costs, expenses and other298,95773,569—372,526Income (loss) from operations208,130(31,791)—176,339Interest expense(39,397)313—(39,084)Interest income1,008——1,008Income (loss) before income taxes169,741(31,478)—138,263Income tax (expense) benefit(62,448)11,581—(50,867)Equity in loss of subsidiary(19,897)—19,897—Net income (loss)$87,396$(19,897)$19,897$87,396











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 June 30, 2018
 (unaudited)





Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash FlowsSix Months Ended June 30, 2018ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)Cash flows from operating activities$267,551$113,306$380,857Cash flows from investing activities:Capital expenditures for development of crude oil and natural gas properties(218,614)(214,021)—(432,635)Capital expenditures for other properties and equipment(1,898)(552)—(2,450)Acquisition of crude oil and natural gas properties, including settlement adjustments(180,981)(71)—(181,052)Proceeds from sale of properties and equipment1,782——1,782Proceeds from divestiture39,023——39,023Restricted cash1,249——1,249Intercompany transfers(101,398)—101,398—Net cash from investing activities(460,837)(214,644)101,398(574,083)Cash flows from financing activities:Proceeds from revolving credit facility233,000——233,000Repayment of revolving credit facility(211,000)——(211,000)Payment of debt issuance costs(4,060)——(4,060)Purchases of treasury stock(4,494)——(4,494)Other(659)(60)—(719)Intercompany transfers—101,398(101,398)—Net cash from financing activities12,787101,338(101,398)12,727Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(180,499)——(180,499)Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period189,925——189,925Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$9,426$—$—$9,426








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Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash FlowsSix Months Ended June 30, 2017ParentGuarantorEliminationsConsolidated(in thousands)Cash flows from operating activities$255,378$17,069$—$272,447Cash flows from investing activities:Capital expenditures for development of crude oil and natural gas properties(198,954)(135,452)—(334,406)Capital expenditures for other properties and equipment(1,792)(507)—(2,299)Acquisition of crude oil and natural gas properties, including settlement adjustments—5,372—5,372Proceeds from sale of properties and equipment1,293——1,293Sale of promissory note40,203——40,203Restricted cash(9,250)——(9,250)Sale of short-term investments49,890——49,890Purchase of short-term investments(49,890)——(49,890)Intercompany transfers(109,923)—109,923—Net cash from investing activities(278,423)(130,587)109,923(299,087)Cash flows from financing activities:Purchases of treasury stock(5,274)——(5,274)Other(627)(18)—(645)Intercompany transfers—109,923(109,923)—Net cash from financing activities(5,901)109,905(109,923)(5,919)Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(28,946)(3,613)—(32,559)Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period240,4873,613—244,100Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$211,541$—$—$211,541





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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS





The following discussion and analysis, as well as other sections in this report, should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. Further, we encourage you to review the Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.





EXECUTIVE SUMMARY





Production and Financial Overview





Production volumes increased to 9.4 MMboe and 18.3 MMboe for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, representing increases of 17 percent and 25 percent as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively. Crude oil production increased 22 percent and 35 percent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 . Crude oil production comprised approximately 42 percent and 39 percent of total production for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. NGLs production increased 10 percent and 14 percent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 . Natural gas production increased 16 percent and 21 percent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 . For the month ended June 30, 2018 , we maintained an average daily production rate of approximately 102,000 Boe per day, up from approximately 87,000 Boe per day for the month ended June 30, 2017 .





On a sequential quarterly basis, total production and crude oil production volumes for the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018 increased by five percent and four percent , respectively. In the Wattenberg Field, continued high line pressures, which have been greater than anticipated, and unplanned gathering system facility downtime hampered our production growth in the field during the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 . These operating challenges are reflected in our expected full year 2018 production outlook as discussed under 2018 Operational and Financial Outlook. We expect significant production growth in the Wattenberg Field during the second half of 2018 as an additional processing facility was completed by our primary third-party midstream provider and turned on line in August 2018. We continue to see successful development of our Delaware Basin properties. However, crude oil and natural gas takeaway capacity constraints and widening differentials could hinder production growth and result in further widening of price differentials for our future production in the basin. In an effort to address these issues, we entered into separate agreements during the second quarter of 2018 for pipeline capacity for significant portions of our Delaware Basin crude oil and natural gas production. See Results of Operations - Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs Production for further details of these agreements.





Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue increased to $325.9 million and $631.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to $213.6 million and $403.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively. The 53 percent and 57 percent increases in sales revenues were driven by the 17 percent and 25 percent increases in production and the 30 percent and 25 percent increases in average realized commodity prices. The adoption of the New Revenue Standard at January 1, 2018 did not significantly impact the change in our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the comparable periods of 2017. See the footnote titled Revenue Recognition to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for  additional information regarding the New Revenue Standard.





We had negative net settlements from our commodity derivative contracts of $16.4 million and $42.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , respectively, as compared to positive net settlements of $12.0 million and $12.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively. The 2018 negative net settlements include an $11.3 million realized gain on the early settlement of certain commodity derivative basis protection positions. See Results of Operations - Commodity Price Risk Management, Net for further details of our settlements of derivatives and changes in the fair value of unsettled derivatives.





The combined revenue from crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales and net settlements received on our commodity derivative instruments increased 37 percent to $ 309.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 from $ 225.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 , and increased 42 percent to $588.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 from $ 415.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 .





During the six months ended  June 30, 2018 , we recorded impairment charges totaling $192.7 million , including $159.5 million during the three months ended  June 30, 2018 . During the three months ended June 30, 2018 , we identified current and anticipated near-term leasehold expirations within our non-focus areas of the Delaware Basin and made the





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determination that we would no longer pursue plans to develop these properties. The impaired non-focus leasehold typically has a higher gas to oil ratio and a greater degree of geologic complexity than our other Delaware Basin properties and is further impacted by widening natural gas differentials and increased well development costs. We intend to focus our future Delaware Basin development in our oilier core areas where we have identified approximately 450 mid-length lateral equivalent Wolfcamp drilling locations. We continue to explore options for our non-focus areas and monitor them for possible future impairment based on similar analyses. We determined the fair value of the properties based upon estimated future discounted cash flow, a Level 3 input, using estimated production and prices at which we reasonably expect the crude oil and natural gas will be sold.





For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , we generated net losses of $160.3 million and $173.4 million , respectively, or $2.43 and $2.63 per diluted share. Our net loss was most negatively impacted by the commodity price risk management loss and Delaware Basin leasehold impairments, partially offset by the increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales. During the same periods, our adjusted EBITDAX, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, was $214.3 million and $404.4 million , respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 , we generated net income of $41.3 million and $87.4 million , respectively, or $0.62 and $1.32 per diluted share, and our adjusted EBITDAX was $200.4 million and $330.6 million , respectively. The seven percent increase in our adjusted EBITDAX for the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2017 was primarily due to the increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales of $112.3 million . This increase was partially offset by the reversal of a provision for uncollectible notes receivable of $40.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2017, an increase in operating costs of $30.0 million and a decrease in commodity derivative settlements of $28.4 million . The 22 percent increase in our adjusted EBITDAX for the six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 was primarily due to the increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales of $227.9 million . This increase was partially offset by an increase in operating costs of $58.4 million , a decrease in commodity derivative settlements of $55.0 million and the reversal of a provision for uncollectible notes receivable of $40.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2017. Our cash flows from operations were $380.9 million and our adjusted cash flow from operations, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, was $374.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 . See Reconciliation of Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures , below, for a more detailed discussion of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable U.S. GAAP measures.





Liquidity





Available liquidity as of June 30, 2018 was $ 679.4 million , which was comprised of $ 1.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and $ 678.0 million available for borrowing under our revolving credit facility at our current commitment level. In May 2018, we entered into the Restated Credit Agreement. See the footnote titled Long-Term Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for further details. Based on our current production forecast for the remainder of 2018 and assuming average NYMEX prices for the remainder of the year of $65.00 per barrel of crude oil and $2.75 per Mcf of natural gas, less the anticipated differentials, we expect our 2018 capital investments to exceed our 2018 cash flows from operations by between $75 million and $100 million, of which we anticipate approximately $65 million will be covered by an amendment to a midstream dedication agreement and the divestiture of our Utica Shale properties. We experienced this outspend during the first half of 2018 and expect cash flows from operations to exceed capital investment during the second half of the year. We expect to be undrawn on our credit facility at December 31, 2018.





We intend to continue to manage our liquidity position by a variety of means, including through the generation of cash flows from operations, investment in projects with attractive rates of return, protection of cash flows on a portion of our anticipated sales through the use of an active commodity derivative hedging program, utilization of our borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility and, if warranted, capital markets transactions from time to time.





Acquisitions and Divestitures





Bayswater Acquisition. In January 2018, we closed the Bayswater Acquisition for $202.0 million , subject to certain customary post-closing adjustments. See the footnote titled Business Combination to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for further details.





Utica Shale Divestiture. In March 2018, we completed the Utica Shale Divestiture for net cash proceeds of approximately $ 39 million . We do not believe the divestiture of these assets will have a material impact on our results of operations or reserves. See the footnote titled Properties and Equipment to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for further details.








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Operational Overview





During the six months ended June 30, 2018 , we continued to execute our strategic plan to grow production while preserving our financial strength and liquidity. During the six months ended June 30, 2018 , we ran three drilling rigs in the Wattenberg Field and briefly ran four drilling rigs in the Delaware Basin while we swapped out a rig to focus on improved drill times before returning to three rigs. We expect to maintain a three rig pace in both the Wattenberg Field and the Delaware Basin during the remainder of 2018.





The following tables summarizes our drilling and completion activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018 :





Wells Operated by PDCWattenberg FieldDelaware BasinTotalGrossNetGrossNetGrossNetIn-process as of December 31, 20178780.11312.210092.3Wells spud7872.31412.79285.0Acquired DUCs (1)1211.0——1211.0Wells turned-in-line(77)(70.8)(12)(11.1)(89)(81.9)In-process as of June 30, 201810092.61513.8115106.4





Wells Operated by OthersWattenberg FieldDelaware BasinTotalGrossNetGrossNetGrossNetIn-process as of December 31, 2017142.681.0223.6Wells spud212.630.1242.7Acquired DUCs (operated at June 30, 2018) (1)(3)(1.5)——(3)(1.5)Wells turned-in-line(16)(1.8)(2)(0.7)(18)(2.5)In-process as of June 30, 2018161.990.4252.3


______________


(1)  Represents DUCs that we acquired with the Bayswater Acquisition in January 2018.





Our in-process wells represent wells that are in the process of being drilled and/or have been drilled and are waiting to be fractured and/or for gas pipeline connection. Our DUCs are generally completed and turned-in-line within three to nine months of drilling.





2018 Operational and Financial Outlook





We have updated our expected production guidance range for 2018 to 40 MMBoe to 42 MMBoe, or approximately 110,000 Boe per day to 115,000 Boe per day. The update assumes an adequate allocation of system capacity from our primary midstream service provider in the Wattenberg Field. We currently expect that approximately 42 to 45 percent of our 2018 production will be crude oil and approximately 19 to 22 percent will be NGLs, for total liquids of approximately 61 to 67 percent. We are currently experiencing and expect to continue to experience fewer days between the spudding of wells resulting in an approximate 15 percent efficiency gain in the Wattenberg Field, which has led to an increase in the number of wells planned to be spud this year. We are also experiencing increased service costs in both the Wattenberg Field and Delaware Basin. Additionally, we have increased lateral lengths and the number of frac stages per well in the Kersey area of the Wattenberg Field. Accordingly, we have increased our 2018 capital investment forecast to between $950 million and $985 million.





We believe that we maintain significant operational flexibility to control the pace of our capital spending.  As we execute our capital investment program, we continually monitor, among other things, commodity prices, development costs, midstream capacity and offset and continuous drilling obligations.  While we have experienced some service cost increases in the first half of 2018, drilling efficiencies are partially offsetting these increases. Should commodity pricing or the operating environment deteriorate, we may determine that an adjustment to our development plan is appropriate. We believe we have ample opportunities to reduce capital spending if necessary in order to stay within our capital investment plan, including, but not limited to, reducing the number of rigs being utilized in our drilling program and/or managing our completion schedule.  This flexibility is more limited in the Delaware Basin given leasehold maintenance requirements.








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Wattenberg Field. We are drilling in the Niobrara and Codell plays within the field and anticipate spudding approximately 150 to 165 wells and turning-in-line approximately 145 to 160 operated wells in 2018, which is an increase over our previously-reported guidance for 2018. Our 2018 capital investment program is estimated to be approximately $525 million to $540 million in the Wattenberg Field, with over 90 percent anticipated to be invested in operated drilling and completion activity. The remainder of the Wattenberg Field capital investment program is expected to be used for non-operated wells and miscellaneous workover and capital projects.





Delaware Basin. Total capital investment in the Delaware Basin in 2018 is estimated to be approximately $425 million to $445 million, of which approximately 80 percent is allocated to both spud and turn-in-line approximately 25 to 30 operated wells, primarily targeting the Wolfcamp formation.  Based on the timing of our operations and requirements to meet our drilling obligations, we may adapt our capital investment program to drill wells different from or in addition to those currently anticipated, as we are continuing to analyze the terms of the relevant leases. We plan to invest approximately five percent of our capital for leasing, non-operated capital, seismic and technical studies, with an additional approximately 15 percent for midstream-related projects, including oil and gas gathering systems and water supply and disposal systems. In addition, we are in the process of evaluating our strategic alternatives with respect to our midstream assets in the Delaware Basin.





Financial Guidance.





The following table provides financial guidance for the year ended December 31, 2018 for certain expenses and price differentials:


LowHighOperating ExpensesLease operating expenses ($/Boe)$3.00$3.15Transportation, gathering and processing expenses ("TGP") ($/Boe)$0.80$0.90Production taxes (% of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales)6%8%General and administrative expense ($/Boe)$3.40$3.70Estimated Price Realizations (% of NYMEX, excludes TGP)Crude oil91%95%Natural gas55%60%NGLs30%35%





Regulatory Update


Proposed Statutory Ballot Initiative. As previously disclosed, certain interest groups in Colorado opposed to oil and natural gas development generally, and hydraulic fracturing in particular, have advanced a ballot initiative that would result in oil and natural gas development in the state being essentially eliminated. Proponents of the initiative have submitted signatures in an effort to qualify the initiative to appear on the ballot in November 2018. The signatures are subject to a verification process to be conducted by the Colorado Secretary of State. This process could take up to 30 days. We do not know what the outcome of this process will be. If approved by the voters of Colorado, the proposal would take effect by the end of 2018.


The initiative would require all new oil and gas development facilities to be located at least 2,500 feet away from any occupied structure or “vulnerable areas,” broadly defined to include playgrounds, permanent sports fields, amphitheaters, public parks, public open space, public and community drinking water sources, irrigation canals, reservoirs, lakes, rivers, perennial or intermittent streams and creeks and any additional vulnerable areas designated by the state or a local government.  The current minimum required setback between oil and gas wells and occupied structures is generally 500 feet. Federal lands would be excluded from the effect of the initiative.


The Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission has estimated that implementation of the proposed initiative would make drilling unlawful on approximately 85 percent of the non-federal surface area of the state of Colorado, and approximately 85 percent of the non-federal surface area of Weld County. If passed, this proposal would effectively prohibit the vast majority of our planned future drilling activities in Colorado, and would therefore make it impossible to continue to pursue our current development plans. This would have a highly material and adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and reserves.





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Ozone Classification. In 2016, the EPA increased the state of Colorado’s non-attainment ozone classification for the Denver Metro North Front Range Ozone Eight-Hour Non-Attainment ("Denver Metro/North Front Range NAA") area from “marginal” to “moderate” under the 2008 national ambient air quality standard (“NAAQS”). This increase in non-attainment status triggered significant additional obligations for the state under the Clean Air Act ("CAA") and resulted in Colorado adopting new and more stringent air quality control requirements in November 2017 that are applicable to our operations. The Denver Metro/North Front Range NAA is at risk of being reclassified again to “serious” if it does not meet the 2008 NAAQS by 2018. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment ("CDPHE") has requested that the EPA extend this deadline to 2019. Based on recent air quality monitoring data, however, it appears likely that the Denver Metro/North Front Range NAA will not be able to meet the 2008 NAAQS even by 2019 and will be reclassified as “serious,” likely in 2020 or soon thereafter. A “serious” classification would trigger significant additional obligations for the state under the CAA and could result in new and more stringent air quality control requirements applicable to our operations and significant costs and delays in obtaining necessary permits.


2018 Colorado General Election. A general election will be held in November 2018, with high-profile races on the federal, state and local levels. Newly-elected officials may take a different approach than their predecessors to regulatory and legislative issues affecting the oil and gas industry. Because a substantial portion of our current operations and reserves are located in Colorado, the risks we face with respect to the outcome of the November 2018 Colorado political elections are greater than those of our competitors with more geographically diverse operations. We cannot predict the outcome of the election.
































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Results of Operations





Summary Operating Results





The following table presents selected information regarding our operating results: Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,20182017Percentage Change20182017Percentage Change(dollars in millions, except per unit data)ProductionCrude oil (MBbls)3,9483,23722.0%7,7455,74534.8%Natural gas (MMcf)20,68717,78316.3%40,27433,36720.7%NGLs (MBbls)1,9871,8149.5%3,8333,35714.2%Crude oil equivalent (MBoe)9,3828,01517.1%18,29014,66324.7%Average Boe per day (Boe)103,09988,07817.1%101,04981,01124.7%Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs SalesCrude oil$252.6$148.869.8%$479.0$271.876.2%Natural gas30.038.3(21.7)%68.775.3(8.8)%NGLs43.326.563.4%83.556.248.6%Total crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales$325.9$213.652.6%$631.2$403.356.5%Net Settlements on Commodity DerivativesCrude oil$(25.5)$5.1*$(52.5)$1.9*Natural gas11.26.864.7%13.910.631.1%NGLs (propane portion)(2.1)0.1*(3.8)0.1*Total net settlements on derivatives$(16.4)$12.0*$(42.4)$12.6*Average Sales Price (excluding net settlements on derivatives)Crude oil (per Bbl)$63.99$45.9739.2%$61.85$47.3130.7%Natural gas (per Mcf)1.462.16(32.4)%1.712.26(24.3)%NGLs (per Bbl)21.7614.5949.1%21.7816.7530.0%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)34.7426.6530.4%34.5127.5025.5%Average Costs and Expenses (per Boe)Lease operating expenses$3.44$2.5037.6%$3.38$2.7224.3%Production taxes2.411.8828.2%2.341.8725.1%Transportation, gathering and processing expenses0.960.8118.5%0.890.846.0%General and administrative expense3.973.687.9%3.993.814.7%Depreciation, depletion and amortization14.4615.72(8.0)%14.3516.05(10.6)%Lease Operating Expenses by Operating Region (per Boe)Wattenberg Field$3.29$2.2248.2%$3.16$2.4230.6%Delaware Basin3.924.88(19.7)%4.165.53(24.8)%Utica Shale (1)—1.34(100.0)%3.461.48133.8%


*Percentage change is not meaningful.Amounts may not recalculate due to rounding.(1)In March 2018, we completed the disposition of our Utica Shale properties.




















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Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs Sales





For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue increased compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 due to the following (in millions):


June 30, 2018Three Months EndedSix Months Ended(in millions)Increase in production$41.4$118.2Increase in average crude oil price71.2112.6Decrease in average natural gas price(14.5)(22.2)Increase in average NGLs price14.219.3Total increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales revenue$112.3$227.9





Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs Production





The following table presents crude oil, natural gas and NGLs production.


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Production by Operating Region20182017Percentage Change20182017Percentage ChangeCrude oil (MBbls)Wattenberg Field2,9432,7985.2%5,8234,94017.9%Delaware Basin1,005364176.1%1,876639193.6%Utica Shale (1)—75(100.0)%46166(72.3)%Total3,9483,23722.0%7,7455,74534.8%Natural gas (MMcf)Wattenberg Field15,83615,1924.2%31,36028,9068.5%Delaware Basin4,8512,025139.6%8,5003,271159.9%Utica Shale (1)—566(100.0)%4141,190(65.2)%Total20,68717,78316.3%40,27433,36720.7%NGLs (MBbls)Wattenberg Field1,5441,551(0.5)%2,9732,9092.2%Delaware Basin443212109.0%826343140.8%Utica Shale (1)—51(100.0)%34105(67.6)%Total1,9871,8149.5%3,8333,35714.2%Crude oil equivalent (MBoe)Wattenberg Field7,1266,8823.5%14,02312,66710.7%Delaware Basin2,256914147.0%4,1181,527169.6%Utica Shale (1)—219(100.0)%149469(68.2)%Total9,3828,01517.1%18,29014,66324.7%Average crude oil equivalent per day (Boe)Wattenberg Field78,30875,6213.6%77,47569,98410.7%Delaware Basin24,79110,047146.8%22,7518,437169.7%Utica Shale (1)—2,410(100.0)%8232,590(68.2)%Total103,09988,07817.1%101,04981,01124.7%


Amounts may not recalculate due to rounding.(1)In March 2018, we completed the disposition of our Utica Shale properties.











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The following table presents our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs production ratio by operating region:





Three Months Ended June 30, 2018Crude OilNatural GasNGLsTotalWattenberg Field41%37%22%100%Delaware Basin45%36%20%100%Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Crude OilNatural GasNGLsTotalWattenberg Field41%37%23%100%Delaware Basin40%37%23%100%





Six Months Ended June 30, 2018Crude OilNatural GasNGLsTotalWattenberg Field42%37%21%100%Delaware Basin46%34%20%100%Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Crude OilNatural GasNGLsTotalWattenberg Field39%38%23%100%Delaware Basin42%36%22%100%





Wattenberg Field. In the Wattenberg Field, we rely on third-party midstream service providers to construct gathering, compression and processing facilities to keep pace with our and the overall field's natural gas production growth. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 , our production was adversely impacted by high line pressures on gas gathering facilities, primarily due to increases in field-wide production volumes, gathering line freezes that occur more often at higher line pressures and unexpected facility downtime. Line pressures did not materially affect our production during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 . During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, 97 percent and 92 percent, respectively, of our production in the Wattenberg Field was delivered from horizontal wells, with the remaining production coming from vertical wells. The horizontal wells are less prone to curtailments than the vertical wells because they are newer and have greater producing capacity and higher formation pressures and therefore tend to be more resilient to gas system pressure issues; however, currently all of our wells in the field are experiencing some adverse impact. We have continued to operate in a constrained environment into the third quarter of 2018. Additional processing capacity was brought into operation by DCP Midstream, LP ("DCP") in August 2018, with further processing capacity scheduled to be brought into operation during the second quarter of 2019.





We continue to work closely with our third-party midstream providers in an effort to ensure that adequate midstream system capacity is available going forward in the Wattenberg Field. We, along with other operators, have made a commitment to DCP to support its construction of two additional processing facilities, including a plant that was completed and turned on line in August 2018, with associated gathering and compression in the field. These expansions are expected to increase DCP's system capacity, assist in the control of line pressures on its natural gas gathering facilities and reduce production curtailments in the field. We will be bound to the incremental volume requirements in these agreements for a period of seven years beginning on the first day of the calendar month after the actual in-service date of the relevant plant. The second plant is scheduled to be completed and turned on line in the second quarter of 2019. These agreements impose a baseline volume commitment and guarantee a certain target profit margin to DCP on those volumes during the initial three years of the contracts. Under our current drilling plans and in the current commodity pricing environment, we expect to meet both the baseline and incremental volume commitments, and we believe that the contractual target profit margin will be achieved with minimal, if any, payment from us. See the footnote titled Commitments and Contingencies to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for additional details regarding these agreements. In addition, we have begun early discussions with DCP with respect to further increasing its processing capacity in the Wattenberg Field. We also continue to work with our other midstream service providers in the field in an effort to ensure all of the existing infrastructure is fully utilized and that all options for system expansions are evaluated and implemented, where possible. The ultimate timing and availability of adequate infrastructure is not within our control and if our midstream





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service providers' construction projects are delayed, we could experience elevated gathering line pressures for extended periods of time that would negatively impact our ability to meet our production targets.





Delaware Basin. Due to prolific development and the resulting increased production in the Delaware Basin, product takeaway infrastructure downstream of in-field gathering and processing facilities is operating near capacity. We are dependent upon third parties to construct downstream takeaway infrastructure, including crude oil, natural gas and NGL pipelines. This has the potential to lead to near term production constraints until new capacity is added. We expect additional infrastructure to be built starting in the second half of 2019. Until the additional infrastructure is turned on line, our production may be negatively impacted by midstream capacity issues from time to time. We have the option to transport a portion of our crude oil production via truck or rail; however, doing so would decrease the realized prices we receive. A current trucking shortage in the basin could result in increased differentials. In the second quarter of 2018, we entered into separate agreements for pipeline capacity for portions of our Delaware Basin crude oil and natural gas production. The crude oil agreement runs through December 2023 and provides for firm physical takeaway for approximately 85 percent of our forecasted 2018 and 2019 Delaware Basin crude oil volumes. The agreement provides us with price diversification through realization of export market pricing via a Corpus Christi terminal and exposure to Brent-weighted prices. As a result of this agreement, we expect to realize between 88 and 92 percent of West Texas Intermediate ("WTI") crude oil pricing for our total Delaware Basin production through 2018 and 2019, after deducting transportation and other related marketing expenses. Our actual realization for all Delaware Basin production for the second quarter of 2018 was 92 percent of WTI crude oil pricing. Our Delaware Basin natural gas sales agreements run through December 2019 and provide for firm physical takeaway capacity, which varies from approximately between 40,000 MMbtu and 75,000 MMbtu per day of our Delaware Basin natural gas volumes during the period of the agreements. Our Delaware Basin natural gas sales were partially curtailed during the second quarter of 2018 as a result of a shortage of our midstream compression capacity in our Central area of the basin. We plan to install additional compression in this area during the third quarter of 2018, which we expect will provide sufficient capacity to move our Central area natural gas volumes.














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Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs Pricing





Our results of operations depend upon many factors. Key factors include the price of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs and our ability to market our production effectively. Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs prices have a high degree of volatility and our realizations can change substantially. Our sales prices for crude oil and NGLs increased during the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 . NYMEX average daily crude oil prices increased 41 percent and 30 percent and NYMEX first-of-the-month natural gas prices decreased 12 percent and 11 percent for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 as compared to the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 .





The following tables present weighted-average sales prices of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs for the periods presented.


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Weighted-Average Realized Sales Price by Operating RegionPercentage ChangePercentage Change(excluding net settlements on derivatives)2018201720182017Crude oil (per Bbl)Wattenberg Field$64.57$46.1939.8%$61.88$47.4630.4%Delaware Basin62.3144.8139.1%61.8646.7332.4%Utica Shale (1)—43.19(100.0)%58.1045.0529.0%Weighted-average price63.9945.9739.2%61.8547.3130.7%Natural gas (per Mcf)Wattenberg Field$1.43$2.24(36.2)%$1.67$2.30(27.4)%Delaware Basin1.541.3712.4%1.781.6011.3%Utica Shale (1)—2.76(100.0)%2.682.88(6.9)%Weighted-average price1.462.16(32.4)%1.712.26(24.3)%NGLs (per Bbl)Wattenberg Field$19.60$14.1338.7%$19.86$16.2422.3%Delaware Basin29.2617.3368.8%28.5619.3347.7%Utica Shale (1)—17.10(100.0)%24.2922.587.6%Weighted-average price21.7614.5949.1%21.7816.7530.0%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)Wattenberg Field$34.09$26.9126.7%$33.64$27.5022.3%Delaware Basin36.8024.9147.7%37.5827.3237.6%Utica Shale (1)—25.72(100.0)%30.9828.299.5%Weighted-average price34.7426.6530.4%34.5127.5025.5%
 Amounts may not recalculate due to rounding.(1)In March 2018, we completed the disposition of our Utica Shale properties.





Crude oil, natural gas and NGLs revenues are recognized when we have transferred control of crude oil, natural gas or NGLs production to the purchaser. We consider the transfer of control to have occurred when the purchaser has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the crude oil, natural gas or NGLs production. We record sales revenue based on an estimate of the volumes delivered at estimated prices as determined by the applicable sales agreement. We estimate our sales volumes based on company-measured volume readings. We then adjust our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales in subsequent periods based on the data received from our purchasers that reflects actual volumes and prices received.





Our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales are recorded using either the “net-back” or "gross" method of accounting, depending upon the related purchase agreement. We use the net-back method when control of the crude oil, natural gas or NGLs has been transferred to the purchasers of these commodities that are providing transportation, gathering or processing services. In these situations, the purchaser pays us proceeds based on a percent of the proceeds or have fixed our sales price at index less specified deductions. The net-back method results in the recognition of a net sales price that is lower than the indices





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for which the production is based because the operating costs and profit of the midstream facilities are embedded in the net price we are paid.





We use the gross method of accounting when control of the crude oil, natural gas or NGLs is not transferred to the purchasers and the purchaser does not provide transportation, gathering or processing services as a function of the price we receive. Rather, we contract separately with midstream providers for the applicable transport and processing on a per unit basis. Under this method, we recognize revenues based on the gross selling price and recognize transportation, gathering and processing expenses.





We adopted the New Revenue Standard effective January 1, 2018. Under the New Revenue Standard, certain crude oil sales in the Wattenberg Field that were recognized using the gross method prior to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard are recognized using the net-back method. In the Delaware Basin, certain crude oil and natural gas sales that were recognized using the gross method prior to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard are recognized using the net-back method. If we had adopted the New Revenue Standard on January 1, 2017, we estimate that the average realization percentage before transportation, gathering and processing expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 would have been 94 percent, 67 percent and 30  percent for crude oil, natural gas and NGLs, respectively, as $2.8 million in expenses currently recorded in transportation, gathering and processing expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations for that period would, in that case, have been reflected as a reduction to the sales price. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 , the realization percentage before transportation, gathering and processing expense would have been 93 percent, 69 percent and 33  percent for crude oil, natural gas and NGLs, respectively, as $5.4 million in expenses currently recorded in transportation, gathering and processing expense on our condensed consolidated statements of operations for that period would have been reflected as a reduction to the sales price. However, the net realized price after transportation, gathering and processing would not have changed.





As discussed above, we enter into agreements for the sale and transportation, gathering and processing of our production, the terms of which can result in variances in the per unit realized prices that we receive for our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs. Information related to the components and classifications in the condensed consolidated statements of operations is shown below. For crude oil, the average NYMEX prices shown below are based upon average daily prices throughout each month and, for natural gas, the average NYMEX pricing is based upon first-of-the-month index prices, as in each case this is the method used to sell the majority of these commodities pursuant to terms of the respective sales agreements. For NGLs, we use the NYMEX crude oil price as a reference for presentation purposes. The average realized price both before and after transportation, gathering and processing expenses shown in the table below represents our approximate composite per barrel price for NGLs.


For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018Average NYMEX PriceAverage Realized Price Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realized Price After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesCrude oil (per Bbl)$67.88$63.9994%$0.92$63.0793%Natural gas (per MMBtu)2.801.4652%0.241.2244%NGLs (per Bbl)67.8821.7632%0.1821.5832%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)49.1134.7471%0.9633.7869%For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Average NYMEX PriceAverage Realized Price Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realized Price After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesCrude oil (per Bbl)$48.28$45.9795%$1.38$44.5992%Natural gas (per MMBtu)3.182.1668%0.082.0865%NGLs (per Bbl)48.2814.5930%0.3114.2830%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)37.4826.6571%0.8125.8469%





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For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018Average NYMEX PriceAverage Realized Price Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realized Price After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesCrude oil (per Bbl)$65.37$61.8595%$0.80$61.0593%Natural gas (per MMBtu)2.901.7159%0.231.4851%NGLs (per Bbl)65.3721.7833%0.2121.5733%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)47.7734.5172%0.8933.6270%For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Average NYMEX PriceAverage Realized Price Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage Before Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realized Price After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesAverage Realization Percentage After Transportation, Gathering and Processing ExpensesCrude oil (per Bbl)$50.10$47.3194%$1.44$45.8792%Natural gas (per MMBtu)3.252.2670%0.092.1767%NGLs (per Bbl)50.1016.7533%0.3516.4033%Crude oil equivalent (per Boe)38.5027.5071%0.8426.6669%





Commodity Price Risk Management, Net





We use commodity derivative instruments to manage fluctuations in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs prices. We have in place a variety of collars, fixed-price swaps and basis swaps on a portion of our estimated crude oil, natural gas and propane production. For our commodity swaps, we ultimately realize the fixed price value related to the swaps. See the footnote titled Commodity Derivative Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for a detailed presentation of our derivative positions as of June 30, 2018 .





Commodity price risk management, net, includes cash settlements upon maturity of our derivative instruments, as well as the change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives related to our crude oil, natural gas and propane production. Commodity price risk management, net, does not include derivative transactions related to our gas marketing, which are included in other income and other expenses.





Net settlements of commodity derivative instruments are based on the difference between the crude oil, natural gas and propane index prices at the settlement date of our commodity derivative instruments compared to the respective strike prices contracted for the settlement months that were established at the time we entered into the commodity derivative transaction. The net change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives is comprised of the net value increase or decrease in the beginning-of-period fair value of commodity derivative instruments that settled during the period, and the net change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives during the period or from inception of any new contracts entered into during the applicable period. The corresponding impact of settlement of the commodity derivative instruments during the period is included in net settlements for the period. The net change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives during the period is primarily related to shifts in the crude oil, natural gas and NGLs forward curves and changes in certain differentials.





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The following table presents net settlements and net change in fair value of unsettled derivatives included in commodity price risk management, net:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in millions)Commodity price risk management gain (loss), net:Net settlements of commodity derivative instruments:Crude oil fixed price swaps, collars and rollfactors$(37.2)$5.1$(63.9)$1.9Crude oil basis protection swaps11.7—11.4—Natural gas fixed price swaps and collars2.54.82.68.5Natural gas basis protection swaps8.72.011.22.0NGLs (propane portion) fixed price swaps(2.1)0.1(3.8)0.1Total net settlements of commodity derivative instruments(16.4)12.0(42.5)12.5Change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivative instruments:Reclassification of settlements included in prior period changes in fair value of commodity derivative instruments18.1(5.1)32.018.4Crude oil fixed price swaps, collars and rollfactors(111.4)43.1(152.9)88.7Natural gas fixed price swaps and collars(2.3)8.3(3.2)16.7Natural gas basis protection swaps(1.7)(0.2)5.02.3NGLs (propane portion) fixed price swaps(2.4)(0.2)(1.8)—Net change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivative instruments(99.7)45.9(120.9)126.1Total commodity price risk management gain (loss), net$(116.1)$57.9$(163.4)$138.6





Net settlements of commodity derivatives and net change in fair value of unsettled derivatives decreased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 as a result of the increase in future commodity prices during the first half of 2018 compared to a decrease during the first half of 2017. Our decrease in net settlements for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was partially offset by an $11.3 million realized gain on the early settlement of certain commodity derivative basis protection positions, including $10.3 million for the early settlement of crude oil basis protection instruments and $1.0 million for the early settlement of natural gas basis protection instruments, both for our Delaware Basin operations. The volumes associated with these instruments were impacted by certain marketing agreements entered into during the three months ended June 30, 2018 which eliminated the underlying sale price variability, and therefore there was no longer a variable to hedge.





Lease Operating Expenses





Lease operating expenses increased 61 percent to $32.3 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $20.0 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily due to increases of $4.4 million for increased workover projects, $1.6 million related to additional compressor and equipment rentals, $1.2 million for payroll and employee benefits related to increases in headcount, $1.2 million for environmental remediation expenses, $0.8 million related to midstream expense in the Delaware Basin and $0.8 million for produced water disposal. Lease operating expense per Boe increased by 38 percent to $3.44 for the three months ended  June 30, 2018 from $2.50 for the three months ended  June 30, 2017 .





Lease operating expenses increased 55 percent to $61.9 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $39.8 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily due to increases of $4.6 million for increased workover projects, $3.1 million for payroll and employee benefits related to increases in headcount, $2.9 million related to additional compressor and equipment rentals, $2.5 million related to midstream expense in the Delaware Basin, $2.1 million for environmental remediation expenses, $1.3 million for produced water disposal and $1.1 million related to chemical treatment programs. Lease operating expense per Boe increased by 24 percent to $3.38 for the six months ended  June 30, 2018 from $2.72 for the six months ended  June 30, 2017 .








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Production Taxes





Production taxes are comprised mainly of severance tax and ad valorem tax and are directly related to crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales and are generally assessed as a percentage of net revenues. From time to time, there are adjustments to the statutory rates for these taxes based upon certain credits that are determined based upon activity levels and relative commodity prices from year-to-year.





Production taxes increased 50 percent to $22.6 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $15.0 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2017 , primarily due to the 53 percent increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales for the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended  June 30, 2017 , as well as an increase in the ad valorem tax rate in the Delaware Basin related to an increase in assessed property values.





Production taxes increased 56 percent to $42.8 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $27.4 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2017 , primarily due to the 57 percent increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales for the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to the six months ended  June 30, 2017 , as well as an increase in the ad valorem tax rate in the Delaware Basin related to an increase in assessed property values.





Transportation, Gathering and Processing Expenses





Transportation, gathering and processing expenses increased 38 percent to $9.0 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $6.5 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily due to an increase of $5.2 million related to natural gas gathering and transportation operations in the Delaware Basin and a $1.2 million increase in oil transportation costs due to additional volumes delivered through pipelines in the Wattenberg Field, partially offset by a $2.8 million decrease resulting from the adoption of the New Revenue Standard on January 1, 2018 whereby we record certain portions of our current transportation, gathering and processing expense as a reduction to the sales price and a $1.1 million decrease due to the disposition of the Utica Shale properties. Transportation, gathering and processing expenses per Boe increased to $0.96 for the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $0.81 for the three months ended  June 30, 2017 .





Transportation, gathering and processing expenses increased 31 percent to $16.3 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $12.4 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily due to an increase of $8.6 million related to natural gas gathering and transportation operations in the Delaware Basin and a $2.0 million increase in oil transportation costs due to additional volumes delivered through pipelines in the Wattenberg Field, partially offset by a $5.0 million decrease resulting from the adoption of the New Revenue Standard on January 1, 2018 whereby we record certain portions of our current transportation, gathering and processing expense as a reduction to the sales price and a $1.8 million decrease due to the disposition of the Utica Shale properties. Transportation, gathering and processing expenses per Boe increased to $0.89 for the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $0.84 for the six months ended  June 30, 2017 . As discussed in Crude Oil, Natural Gas and NGLs Pricing , whether transportation, gathering and processing costs are presented separately or are reflected as a reduction to net revenue is a function of the terms of the relevant marketing contract.





Impairment of Properties and Equipment





The following table sets forth the major components of our impairment of properties and equipment expense:





Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in millions)Impairment of proved and unproved properties$159.5$27.5$192.6$29.6Amortization of individually insignificant unproved properties—0.10.10.2Impairment of crude oil and natural gas properties$159.5$27.6$192.7$29.8





During the six months ended  June 30, 2018 , we recorded impairment charges totaling $192.7 million , including $159.5 million during the three months ended  June 30, 2018 . During the three months ended June 30, 2018 , we identified current and anticipated near-term leasehold expirations within our non-focus areas of the Delaware Basin and made the determination that we would no longer pursue plans to develop these properties. The impaired non-focus leasehold typically has a higher gas to oil ratio and a greater degree of geologic complexity than our other Delaware Basin properties and is further impacted by widening natural gas differentials and increased well development costs. We intend to focus our future Delaware Basin development in our oilier core areas where we have identified approximately 450 mid-length lateral equivalent





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Wolfcamp drilling locations. We continue to explore options for our non-focus areas and monitor them for possible future impairment based on similar analyses. We determined the fair value of the properties based upon estimated future discounted cash flow, a Level 3 input, using estimated production and prices at which we reasonably expect the crude oil and natural gas will be sold.





General and Administrative Expense





General and administrative expense increased 26 percent to $37.2 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $29.5 million in the three months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily attributable to a $4.1 million increase in payroll and employee benefits, a $1.9 million increase related to professional services and a $1.0 million increase related to government relations.





General and administrative expense increased 31 percent to $72.9 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2018 compared to $55.8 million in the six months ended  June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily attributable to a $10.3 million increase in payroll and employee benefits, a $4.0 million increase related to professional services and a $1.9 million increase in government relations expenses.





Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization Expense





Crude oil and natural gas properties. DD&A expense related to crude oil and natural gas properties is directly related to proved reserves and production volumes. DD&A expense related to crude oil and natural gas properties was $133.6 million and $258.4 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to $124.4 million and $232.2 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 , respectively.





The period-over-period change in DD&A expense related to crude oil and natural gas properties was primarily due to the following:


June 30, 2018Three Months EndedSix Months Ended(in thousands)Increase in production$25.6$58.2Decrease in weighted-average depreciation, depletion and amortization rates(16.4)(32.0)Total increase in DD&A expense related to crude oil and natural gas properties$9.2$26.2





The following table presents our per Boe DD&A expense rates for crude oil and natural gas properties:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,Operating Region/Area2018201720182017(per Boe)Wattenberg Field$12.94$15.30$13.23$16.05Delaware Basin18.3418.1417.6915.46Utica Shale (1)—11.27—11.26Total weighted-average$14.24$15.51$14.13$15.83


(1)The Utica Shale properties were classified as held-for-sale during the third quarter of 2017; therefore, we did not record DD&Aexpense on these properties in 2018. In March 2018, we completed the disposition of the properties.





Non-crude oil and natural gas properties. Depreciation expense for non-crude oil and natural gas properties was $2.0 million and $4.0 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 , respectively, compared to $1.7 million and $3.2 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 , respectively.





Provision for Uncollectible Notes Receivable





In the first quarter of 2016, we recorded a provision for uncollectible notes receivable of $44.7 million to impair two third-party notes receivable whose collection was not reasonably assured. As described in the footnote titled Fair Value of Financial Instruments , in April 2017, we sold one of the associated notes receivable to an unrelated third-party. Accordingly, we reversed $40.2 million of the provision for uncollectible notes receivable during the three months ended June 30, 2017.








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Interest Expense





Interest expense decreased $2.2 million to $17.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to $19.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017 . The decrease was primarily related to a $10.0 million decrease in interest expense relating to the net settlement of $500 million 7.75% senior notes in December 2017 and a $1.1 million increase in capitalized interest. The decreases were partially offset by an $8.8 million increase in interest expense related to the issuance of our 2026 Senior Notes in November 2017.





Interest expense decreased $4.1 million to $34.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to $39.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 . The decrease was primarily related to a $19.9 million decrease in interest expense relating to the net settlement of $500 million 7.75% senior notes in December 2017 and a $2.0 million increase in capitalized interest. The decreases were partially offset by a $17.6 million increase in interest expense related to the issuance of our 2026 Senior Notes in November 2017.





Provision for Income Taxes





The effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 were a 22.0 percent and 22.3 percent benefit on loss, respectively, compared to 37.3 percent and 36.8 percent expense on income, respectively, for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 . The effective income tax rates are based upon a full year forecasted pre-tax income for the year adjusted for permanent differences. The federal corporate statutory income tax rate decreased from 35 percent in 2017 to 21 percent in 2018 pursuant to the 2017 Tax Act.





Net Income (Loss)/Adjusted Net Income (Loss)





The factors resulting in changes in net loss in the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 of $160.3 million and $173.4 million , respectively, and net income in the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 of $41.2 million and $87.4 million , respectively, are discussed above. Adjusted net loss, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, was $84.5 million and $81.4 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 , respectively, and adjusted net income, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, was $12.5 million and $8.5 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 , respectively. With the exception of the tax affected net change in fair value of unsettled derivatives of $75.8 million and $92.0 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2018 , respectively, and $28.7 million and $78.9 million for the three and six months ended  June 30, 2017 , respectively, these same factors impacted adjusted net income (loss), a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure. See Reconciliation of Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures below for a more detailed discussion of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable U.S. GAAP measures.








Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources





Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operating activities, our revolving credit facility, proceeds raised in debt and equity capital market transactions and asset sales. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 , our net cash flows from operating activities were $380.9 million .





Our primary source of cash flows from operating activities is the sale of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs. Fluctuations in our operating cash flows are principally driven by commodity prices and changes in our production volumes. Commodity prices have historically been volatile and we manage a portion of this volatility through our use of derivative instruments. We enter into commodity derivative instruments with maturities of no greater than five years from the date of the instrument. Our revolving credit facility imposes limits on the amount of our production we can hedge, and we may choose not to hedge the maximum amounts permitted. Therefore, we may still have fluctuations in our cash flows from operating activities due to the remaining non-hedged portion of our future production. Due to a decreasing leverage ratio that we have recently experienced, the percentage of our expected future production that we currently have hedged is lower than we have historically maintained and we anticipate that this may remain the case in the near term. Based upon our current hedge position and assuming forward strip pricing as of June 30, 2018 , our derivatives are expected to be a source of net cash outflow in the near term.





Our working capital fluctuates for various reasons, including, but not limited to, changes in the fair value of our commodity derivative instruments and changes in our cash and cash equivalents due to our practice of utilizing excess cash to reduce the outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We had working capital deficits of $391.0 million and $16.4 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. The increase in working capital deficit as of June 30, 2018 of $374.6 million is primarily the result of a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $179.3 million related to the Bayswater Acquisition, partially offset by the proceeds received from the Utica Shale Divestiture and an amendment to a midstream


dedication agreement, a decrease in the net fair value of our unsettled commodity derivative instruments of $106.8 million , an increase in accounts payable of $65.1 million related to increased development and exploration activity, and an increase in production tax liability of $19.1 million .





Our cash and cash equivalents were $1.4 million at June 30, 2018 and availability under our revolving credit facility was $678.0 million , providing for a total liquidity position of $679.4 million as of June 30, 2018 . Based on the pricing assumptions described in Executive Summary - Liquidity , we expect our 2018 capital investments to exceed our 2018 cash flows from operations by between $75 million and $100 million, of which we anticipate approximately $65 million will be covered by an amendment to a midstream dedication agreement and the divestiture of our Utica Shale properties. We experienced this outspend during the first half of 2018 and expect cash flows from operations to exceed capital investment during the second half of the year. We expect to be undrawn on our credit facility at December 31, 2018.





Based on our expected cash flows from operations, our cash and cash equivalents and availability under our revolving credit facility, we believe that we will have sufficient capital available to fund our planned activities through the 12-month period following the filing of this report.





Our revolving credit facility is a borrowing base facility and availability under the facility is subject to redetermination, generally each May and November, based upon a quantification of our proved reserves at each December 31 and June 30, respectively. The maturity date of our revolving credit facility is May 2023.





In May 2018, we entered into the Restated Credit Agreement with certain banks and other lenders, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent. The Restated Credit Agreement amends and restates our Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of May 21, 2013. See the footnote titled Long-Term Debt to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for  additional information regarding the Restated Credit Agreement.





Amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility bear interest at either an alternate base rate option or a LIBOR option as defined in the revolving credit facility plus an applicable margin, depending on the percentage of the commitment that has been utilized. As of June 30, 2018 , the applicable margin is 0.25 percent for the alternate base rate option or 1.25 percent for the LIBOR option, and the unused commitment fee is 0.375 percent .





We had a $22.0 million outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2018 . In May 2017, we replaced our $11.7 million irrevocable standby letter of credit that we held in favor of a third-party transportation service provider to secure a firm transportation obligation with a cash deposit, which is classified as restricted cash and is included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , we had $8.0 million and $9.3 million in restricted cash, respectively.





Our revolving credit facility contains financial maintenance covenants. The covenants require that we maintain (i) a leverage ratio defined as total debt of less than 4.0 times the trailing 12 months earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization, change in fair value of unsettled commodity derivatives, exploration expense, gains (losses) on sales of assets and other non-cash gains (losses) and (ii) an adjusted current ratio of at least 1.0:1.0. Our adjusted current ratio is adjusted by eliminating the impact on our current assets and liabilities of recording the fair value of crude oil and natural gas commodity derivative instruments. Additionally, available borrowings under our revolving credit facility are added to the current asset calculation and the current portion of our revolving credit facility debt is eliminated from the current liabilities calculation. At June 30, 2018 , we were in compliance with all debt covenants with a leverage ratio of 1.6 :1.0 and a current ratio of 2.1 :1.0. We expect to remain in compliance throughout the 12-month period following the filing of this report.





The indentures governing our 2024 Senior Notes and 2026 Senior Notes contain customary restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to: (a) incur additional debt including under our revolving credit facility, (b) make certain investments or pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock or purchase, redeem or retire capital stock, (c) sell assets, including capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries, (d) restrict the payment of dividends or other payments by restricted subsidiaries to us, (e) create liens that secure debt, (f) enter into transactions with affiliates and (g) merge or consolidate with another company. At June 30, 2018 , we were in compliance with all covenants and expect to remain in compliance throughout the next 12-month period.





In January 2017, pursuant to the filing of the supplemental indentures for the 2021 Convertible Senior Notes and the 2024 Senior Notes, our subsidiary PDC Permian, Inc. became a guarantor of the notes. PDC Permian, Inc. is also the





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guarantor of our 2026 Senior Notes issued in November 2017.





Cash Flows





Operating Activities. Our net cash flows from operating activities are primarily impacted by commodity prices, production volumes, net settlements from our commodity derivative positions, operating costs and general and administrative expenses. Cash flows from operating activities increased by $108.4 million to $380.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 , primarily due to increases in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales of $227.9 million. This increase was offset in part by a decrease in commodity derivative settlements of $55.0 million and increases in lease operating expenses of $22.1 million, general and administrative expenses of $17.1 million and production taxes of $15.3 million.





Adjusted cash flows from operations, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, increased by $117.7 million to $374.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily due to the same factors mentioned above for changes in cash flows provided by operating activities, without regard to timing of cash payments and receipts of assets and liabilities. Adjusted EBITDAX, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, increased by $73.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 , compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017 . The increase was primarily the result of an increase in crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales of $227.9 million.  This increase was partially offset by a decrease in commodity derivative settlements of $55.0 million , the reversal of a provision for uncollectible notes receivable of $40.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2017, and increases in lease operating expenses of $22.1 million, general and administrative expenses of $17.1 million and production taxes of $15.3 million. See Reconciliation of Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures , below, for a more detailed discussion of non-U.S. GAAP financial measures.





Investing Activities. Because crude oil and natural gas production from a well declines rapidly in the first few years of production, we need to continue to commit significant amounts of capital in order to maintain and grow our production and replace our reserves. If capital is not available or is constrained in the future, we will be limited to our cash flows from operations and liquidity under our revolving credit facility as the sources for funding our capital investments.





Cash flows from investing activities primarily consist of the acquisition, exploration and development of crude oil and natural gas properties, net of dispositions of crude oil and natural gas properties. Net cash used in investing activities of $574.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily related to cash utilized toward the purchase price of the Bayswater Acquisition of $181.1 million and our drilling and completion activities of $432.6 million . Partially offsetting these investments was the receipt of approximately $39.0 million related to the Utica Shale Divestiture.





Financing Activities. Net cash received from financing activities of $12.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily comprised of net borrowings from our credit facility of $22.0 million, which was partially offset by $4.5 million related to purchases of our stock and $4.1 million of debt issuance costs, primarily related to our Restated Credit Agreement.








Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements





At June 30, 2018 , we had no off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules, which have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital investments or capital resources.








Commitments and Contingencies





See the footnote titled Commitments and Contingencies to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.








Recent Accounting Standards





See the footnote titled Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.





Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates





The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP required management to use judgment in making estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses.





There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates or in the underlying accounting assumptions and estimates used in these critical accounting policies from those disclosed in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained in our 2017 Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2018 and amended on May 1, 2018.








Reconciliation of Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures





We use "adjusted cash flows from operations," "adjusted net income (loss)" and "adjusted EBITDAX," non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, for internal management reporting, when evaluating period-to-period changes and, in some cases, providing public guidance on possible future results. These measures are not measures of financial performance under U.S. GAAP and should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, net income (loss) or cash flows from operations, investing or financing activities and should not be viewed as liquidity measures or indicators of cash flows reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The non-U.S. GAAP financial measures that we use may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Also, in the future, we may disclose different non-U.S. GAAP financial measures in order to help our investors more meaningfully evaluate and compare our future results of operations to our previously reported results of operations. We strongly encourage investors to review our financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not rely on any single financial measure.





Adjusted cash flows from operations. We define adjusted cash flows from operations as the cash flows earned or incurred from operating activities, without regard to changes in operating assets and liabilities. We believe it is important to consider adjusted cash flows from operations, as well as cash flows from operations, as we believe it often provides more transparency into what drives the changes in our operating trends, such as production, prices, operating costs and related operational factors, without regard to whether the related asset or liability was received or paid during the same period. We also use this measure because the timing of cash received from our assets, cash paid to obtain an asset or payment of our obligations has generally been a timing issue from one period to the next as we have not had significant accounts receivable collection problems, nor been unable to purchase assets or pay our obligations.





Adjusted net income (loss). We define adjusted net income (loss) as net income (loss), plus loss on commodity derivatives, less gain on commodity derivatives and net settlements on commodity derivatives, each adjusted for tax effect. We believe it is important to consider adjusted net income (loss), as well as net income (loss). We believe this measure often provides more transparency into our operating trends, such as production, prices, operating costs, net settlements from derivatives and related factors, without regard to changes in our net income (loss) from our mark-to-market adjustments resulting from net changes in the fair value of unsettled derivatives. Additionally, other items which are not indicative of future results may be excluded to clearly identify operating trends.





Adjusted EBITDAX. We define adjusted EBITDAX as net income (loss), plus loss on commodity derivatives, interest expense, net of interest income, income taxes, impairment of properties and equipment, exploration, geologic and geophysical expense, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, accretion of asset retirement obligations and non-cash stock-based compensation, less gain on commodity derivatives and net settlements on commodity derivatives. Adjusted EBITDAX is not a measure of financial performance or liquidity under U.S. GAAP and should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, net income (loss), and should not be considered an indicator of cash flows reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDAX includes certain non-cash costs incurred by us and does not take into account changes in operating assets and liabilities. Other companies in our industry may calculate adjusted EBITDAX differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. We believe adjusted EBITDAX is relevant because it is a measure of our operational and financial performance, as well as a measure of our liquidity, and is used by our management, investors, commercial banks, research analysts and others to analyze such things as:





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|• | operating performance and return on capital as compared to our peers;




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|• | financial performance of our assets and our valuation without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis;

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|• | our ability to generate sufficient cash to service our debt obligations; and

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|• | the viability of acquisition opportunities and capital expenditure projects, including the related rate of return.




The following table presents a reconciliation of each of our non-U.S. GAAP financial measures to its most comparable U.S. GAAP measure:


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,2018201720182017(in millions)Adjusted cash flows from operations:Net cash from operating activities$175.7$132.9$380.9$272.4Changes in assets and liabilities23.610.0(6.6)(15.8)Adjusted cash flows from operations$199.3$142.9$374.3$256.6Adjusted net income (loss):Net income (loss)$(160.3)$41.2$(173.4)$87.4(Gain) loss on commodity derivative instruments116.1(57.9)163.4(138.6)Net settlements on commodity derivative instruments(16.4)12.0(42.4)12.5Tax effect of above adjustments(23.9)17.2(29.0)47.2Adjusted net income (loss)$(84.5)$12.5$(81.4)$8.5Net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDAX:Net income (loss)$(160.3)$41.2$(173.4)$87.4(Gain) loss on commodity derivative instruments116.1(57.9)163.4(138.6)Net settlements on commodity derivative instruments(16.4)12.0(42.4)12.5Non-cash stock-based compensation5.55.410.89.8Interest expense, net17.318.934.738.1Income tax expense (benefit)(45.3)24.5(49.9)50.9Impairment of properties and equipment159.527.6192.729.8Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense0.91.03.52.0Depreciation, depletion and amortization135.6126.0262.4235.3Accretion of asset retirement obligations1.41.72.63.4Adjusted EBITDAX$214.3$200.4$404.4$330.6Cash from operating activities to adjusted EBITDAX:Net cash from operating activities$175.7$132.9$380.9$272.4Interest expense, net17.318.934.738.1Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs(3.1)(3.2)(6.4)(6.4)Gain (loss) on sale of properties and equipment0.40.5(1.1)0.7Exploration, geologic and geophysical expense0.91.03.52.0Other(0.5)40.3(0.6)39.6Changes in assets and liabilities23.610.0(6.6)(15.8)Adjusted EBITDAX$214.3$200.4$404.4$330.6











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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK





Market-Sensitive Instruments and Risk Management





We are exposed to market risks associated with interest rate risks, commodity price risk and credit risk. We have established risk management processes to monitor and manage these market risks.





Interest Rate Risk





Changes in interest rates affect the amount of interest we earn on our interest bearing cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash accounts and the interest we pay on borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Our 2021 Convertible Notes, 2024 Senior Notes and 2026 Senior Notes have fixed rates, and therefore near-term changes in interest rates do not expose us to risk of earnings or cash flow loss; however, near-term changes in interest rates may affect the fair value of our fixed-rate debt.





As of June 30, 2018 , our interest-bearing deposit accounts included money market accounts and checking accounts with various banks. The amount of our interest-bearing cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of June 30, 2018 was $0.6 million with a weighted-average interest rate of 1.3 percent . Based on a sensitivity analysis of our interest-bearing deposits as of June 30, 2018 and assuming we had $0.6 million outstanding throughout the period, we estimate that a one percent increase in interest rates would not have had a material impact on interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 .





As of June 30, 2018 , we had $22.0 million outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility.





Commodity Price Risk





We are exposed to the potential risk of loss from adverse changes in the market price of crude oil, natural gas, natural gas basis and NGLs. Pursuant to established policies and procedures, we manage a portion of the risks associated with these market fluctuations using commodity derivative instruments. These instruments help us predict with greater certainty the effective crude oil, natural gas and propane prices we will receive for our hedged production. We believe that our commodity derivative policies and procedures are effective in achieving our risk management objectives. See the footnote titled Commodity Derivative Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for a description of our open commodity derivative positions at June 30, 2018 .





Our realized prices vary regionally based on local market differentials and our transportation agreements. The following table presents average market index prices for crude oil and natural gas for the periods identified, as well as the average sales prices we realized for our crude oil, natural gas and NGLs production:


Three Months EndedSix Months EndedYear EndedJune 30, 2018June 30, 2018December 31, 2017Average NYMEX Index Price:Crude oil (per Bbl)$67.88$65.37$50.95Natural gas (per MMBtu)2.802.903.11Average Sales Price Realized:Excluding net settlements on commodity derivativesCrude oil (per Bbl)$63.99$61.85$48.45Natural gas (per Mcf)1.461.712.21NGLs (per Bbl)21.7621.7818.59





Based on a sensitivity analysis as of June 30, 2018 , we estimate that a ten percent increase in natural gas, crude oil and the propane portion of NGLs prices, inclusive of basis, over the entire period for which we have commodity derivatives in place, would have resulted in a decrease in the fair value of our derivative positions of $92.4 million, whereas a ten percent decrease in prices would have resulted in an increase in fair value of $91.7 million.








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Credit Risk





Credit risk represents the loss that we would incur if a counterparty fails to perform its contractual obligations. We attempt to reduce credit risk by diversifying our counterparty exposure and entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties. When exposed to significant credit risk, we analyze the counterparty’s financial condition prior to entering into an agreement, establish credit limits and monitor the appropriateness of those limits on an ongoing basis. We monitor the creditworthiness of significant counterparties through our credit committee, which utilizes a number of qualitative and quantitative tools to assess credit risk and takes mitigative actions if deemed necessary. While we believe that our credit risk analysis and monitoring procedures are reasonable, no amount of analysis can assure performance by our counterparties.





Our oil and gas exploration and production business's crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales are concentrated with a few predominately large customers. This concentrates our credit risk exposure with a small number of large customers.





Amounts due to our gas marketing business are from a diverse group of entities, including major upstream and midstream energy companies, financial institutions and end-users in various industries. The underlying operations of these entities are geographically concentrated in the same region, which increases the credit risk associated with this business. As natural gas prices continue to remain depressed, certain third-party producers relating to our gas marketing business continue to experience financial distress, which has led to certain contractual defaults and litigation; however, to date, we have had no material counterparty default losses. We have initiated several legal actions for breach of contract, collection and related claims against certain third-party producers that are delinquent in their payment obligations, which have to date resulted in two default judgments. We expect this trend to continue for this business.





We primarily use financial institutions which are lenders in our revolving credit facility as counterparties for our derivative financial instruments. Disruption in the credit markets, changes in commodity prices and other factors may have a significant adverse impact on a number of financial institutions. To date, we have had no material counterparty default losses from our commodity derivative financial instruments. See the footnote titled Commodity Derivative Financial Instruments to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report for more detail on our commodity derivative financial instruments.





Disclosure of Limitations





Because the information above included only those exposures that existed at June 30, 2018 , it does not consider those exposures or positions which could arise after that date. As a result, our ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations will depend on the exposures that arise during the period, our commodity price risk management strategies at the time and interest rates and commodity prices at the time.








ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES





Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures





As of June 30, 2018 , we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e). Based on the results of this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2018 because of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting described below.





Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.





Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.











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During 2017, we did not maintain a sufficient complement of personnel within the Land Department as a result of increased volume of leases, which contributed to the ineffective design and maintenance of controls to verify the completeness and accuracy of land administrative records associated with unproved leases, which are used in verifying the completeness, accuracy, valuation, rights and obligations over the accounting of properties and equipment, sales and accounts receivable and costs and expenses.  These control deficiencies resulted in immaterial adjustments of our unproved properties, impairment of unproved properties, sales, accounts receivable and depletion expense accounts and related disclosures during 2017.


Additionally, these control deficiencies could result in misstatements of substantially all accounts and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.  Accordingly, our management has determined that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses.


Remediation Plan for Material Weaknesses





In response to the identified material weaknesses, our management, with the oversight of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, has begun the process of assessing a number of different remediation initiatives to improve our internal control over financial reporting for the year ended December 31, 2018.  We are currently in the process of evaluating the material weaknesses and are developing a plan of remediation to strengthen our overall controls over the sufficient complement of personnel within the Land Department and the completeness and accuracy of land administration records.  We are committed to continuing to improve our internal control processes and will continue to review, optimize and enhance our internal control environment.  These material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.





Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting





During the six months ended June 30, 2018 , we made no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.








PART II





ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS





Information regarding our legal proceedings can found in the footnote titled Commitments and Contingencies -


Litigation and Legal Items to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.











ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS





We face many risks. Factors that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or liquidity and the trading price of our common stock are described under Item 1A, Risk Factors , of our 2017 Form 10-K. This information should be considered carefully, together with other information in this report and other reports and materials we file with the SEC.





There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2017 Form 10-K.








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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS








Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers





PeriodTotal Number of Shares Purchased (1)Average Price Paid per ShareApril 1 - 30, 201845,706$48.99May 1 - 31, 2018——June 1 - 30, 2018——Total second quarter 2018 purchases45,706$48.99


__________


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|(1) | Purchases represent shares purchased from employees for the payment of their tax liabilities related to the vesting of securities issued pursuant to our stock-based compensation plans.







ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES - None.








ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES - Not applicable.








ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION - None.








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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS





Incorporated by ReferenceExhibit NumberExhibit DescriptionFormSEC File NumberExhibitFiling DateFiled Herewith31.1Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act Rules, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.X31.2Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Exchange Act Rules, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.X32.1*Certifications by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Title 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.101.INSXBRL Instance DocumentX101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentX101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentX101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentX101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentX


* Furnished herewith.





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Table of contents
 PDC ENERGY, INC.





SIGNATURES





Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.





PDC Energy, Inc.(Registrant)Date:   August 8, 2018/s/ Barton BrookmanBarton BrookmanPresident and Chief Executive Officer(principal executive officer)/s/ R. Scott MeyersR. Scott MeyersSenior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer(principal financial officer)





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