# Patent

## Title
Re-ranking search results

## Abstract

Search results obtained from a ranking model are re-ranked based on user-configured ranking rules. For example, a user may desire to: place certain search results at a top/bottom of a ranking of search results; remove some search results; and/or adjust a ranking of some of the search results. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) allows a user to configure the ranking rules (e.g. enter key/value restrictions and to set a boost value) and to preview an application of one or more of the ranking rules. Query language operators that follow a standard operator syntax are created based on the inputs (e.g. a ranking query operator is created that may include multiple user supplied parameters). The user may also specify a portion of the results from which statistics (e.g. standard deviation, average score) are calculated. For example, a user may specify to calculate statistics for the top N number results.

## Background
BACKGROUND
Many users enter queries to retrieve results using one or more search applications. For example, a user may use an Internet search application to find content on the world wide web and they may use an enterprise search application to locate content within an enterprise. In some cases, an administrator may want to rank results differently. For example, a sophisticated administrator may attempt build a better ranking model. Building a ranking model, however, is complex and still may not result in the desired behavior.
SUMMARY
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
Search results are re-ranked based on user-configured ranking rules. The ranking rules alter the ranking of the search results that are returned. For example, a user may desire to: place certain search results at a top/bottom of a ranking of search results; remove some search results; and/or adjust a ranking of some of the search results. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) may be displayed that allows a user to configure the ranking rules (e.g. enter key/value restrictions and to set a boost value). The GUI may also be used to preview an application of one or more of the ranking rules. Query language operators that follow a standard operator syntax are created based on the inputs (e.g. a ranking query operator is created that may include multiple user supplied parameters). The user may also specify a portion of the results from which statistics (e.g. standard deviation, average score) are calculated. For example, a user may specify to calculate statistics for the top N number (e.g. 20) results.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary computing device;
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary system for configuring and executing ranking rules;
FIG. 3 illustrates an overview of applying a ranking rule to search results;
FIG. 4 shows a process for creating and previewing one or more ranking rules;
FIGS. 5-8 illustrate Graphical User Interface displays for configuring a ranking rule; and
FIGS. 9-11 and the associated descriptions provide a discussion of a variety of operating environments in which embodiments of the invention may be practiced.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements, various embodiments will be described.
FIG. 1 shows an illustrative computer architecture for a computer 100 utilized in various embodiments will be described. The computer architecture shown in FIG. 1 may be configured as a server computing device, a desktop computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g. smartphone, notebook, tablet . . . ) and includes a central processing unit 5 (“CPU”), a system memory 7, including a random access memory 9 (“RAM”) and a read-only memory (“ROM”) 10, and a system bus 12 that couples the memory to the central processing unit (“CPU”) 5.
A basic input/output system containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer, such as during startup, is stored in the ROM 10. The computer 100 further includes a mass storage device 14 for storing an operating system 16, application(s) 24, and other program modules, such as Web browser 25, and ranking manager 26 which will be described in greater detail below.
The mass storage device 14 is connected to the CPU 5 through a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to the bus 12. The mass storage device 14 and its associated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage for the computer 100.
According to various embodiments, computer 100 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to remote computers through a network 18, such as the Internet. The computer 100 may connect to the network 18 through a network interface unit 20 connected to the bus 12. The network connection may be wireless and/or wired. The network interface unit 20 may also be utilized to connect to other types of networks and remote computer systems. The computer 100 may also include an input/output controller 22 for receiving and processing input from a number of other devices, such as a touch input device.
The touch input device may utilize any technology that allows single/multi-touch input to be recognized (touching/non-touching). For example, the technologies may include, but are not limited to: heat, finger pressure, high capture rate cameras, infrared light, optic capture, tuned electromagnetic induction, ultrasonic receivers, transducer microphones, laser rangefinders, shadow capture, and the like. According to an embodiment, the touch input device may be configured to detect near-touches (i.e. within some distance of the touch input device but not physically touching the touch input device). The touch input device may also act as a display 28. The input/output controller 22 may also provide output to one or more display screens, a printer, or other type of output device.
As mentioned briefly above, a number of program modules and data files may be stored in the mass storage device 14 and RAM 9 of the computer 100, including an operating system 16 suitable for controlling the operation of a networked computer, such as the WINDOWS SERVER®, WINDOWS 7® operating systems from MICROSOFT CORPORATION of Redmond, Wash.
The mass storage device 14 and RAM 9 may also store one or more program modules. In particular, the mass storage device 14 and the RAM 9 may store one or more applications 24, such as a re-ranking manager 26, applications 24, ranking rule(s) 27 and may store one or more Web browsers 25. The Web browser 25 is operative to request, receive, render, and provide interactivity with electronic documents, such as a Web page. According to an embodiment, the Web browser comprises the INTERNET EXPLORER Web browser application program from MICROSOFT CORPORATION.
Ranking manager 26 is configured to configure and apply ranking rules. Search results obtained from a ranking model are re-ranked based on user-configured ranking rules. The ranking rules alter the ranking of the search results that are returned by the ranking model. For example, a user may configure ranking rules to: place certain search results at a top/bottom of a ranking of search results; remove some search results; and/or adjust a ranking of some of the search results. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) may be displayed by ranking manager 26 that allows a user to configure the ranking rules (e.g. enter key/value restrictions and to set a boost value). The GUI may also be used to preview an application of one or more of the ranking rules. Query language operators that follow a standard operator syntax are created based on the inputs (e.g. a ranking query operator is created that may include multiple user supplied parameters). The user may also specify a portion of the results from which statistics (e.g. standard deviation (stdb), average score (avgb)) are calculated. For example, a user may specify to calculate statistics for the top N number (e.g. 20) results.
Ranking manager 26 may be a stand-alone application and/or a part of a cloud-based service (e.g. service 19). For example, the functionality of ranking manager 26 may be a part of a cloud based multi-tenant service that provides resources (e.g. services, data . . . ) to different tenants (e.g. MICROSOFT OFFICE 365, MICROSOFT SHAREPOINT ONLINE). Additional details regarding the operation of ranking manager 26 will be provided below.
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary system for configuring and executing ranking rules. As illustrated, system 200 includes ranking manager 26, data store 212, ranking models 214 and touch screen input device/display 202 (e.g. slate).
Ranking manager 26 is configured to receive input from a user (e.g. using touch-sensitive input device 202 and/or keyboard input (e.g. a physical keyboard and/or SIP)) for configuring ranking rules.
Touch input system 200 as illustrated comprises a touch screen input device/display 202 that detects when a touch input has been received (e.g. a finger touching or nearly teaching the touch screen). Any type of touch screen may be utilized that detects a user's touch input. For example, the touch screen may include one or more layers of capacitive material that detects the touch input. Other sensors may be used in addition to or in place of the capacitive material. For example, Infrared (IR) sensors may be used. According to an embodiment, the touch screen is configured to detect objects that in contact with or above a touchable surface. Although the term “above” is used in this description, it should be understood that the orientation of the touch panel system is irrelevant. The term “above” is intended to be applicable to all such orientations. The touch screen may be configured to determine locations of where touch input is received (e.g. a starting point, intermediate points and an ending point). Actual contact between the touchable surface and the object may be detected by any suitable means, including, for example, by a vibration sensor or microphone coupled to the touch panel. A non-exhaustive list of examples for sensors to detect contact includes pressure-based mechanisms, micro-machined accelerometers, piezoelectric devices, capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, inductive sensors, laser vibrometers, and LED vibrometers.
As illustrated, touch screen input device/display 202 shows an exemplary GUI display 230 for editing and creating ranking rules. The ranking manager 26 is designed to allow a user to create one or more ranking rules that are applied to search results that may change a rank of a returned search result. The ranking rules may be applied at different times. For example, the ranking rules may be applied for different sets of search results, at different time in obtaining search results, and the like.
Many times, a user (e.g. a search administrator) may desire to re-order search results. For example, a user may like a result to be placed at/near the top of the results list. According to an embodiment, when several results are desired to be at the top, they are presented in the relative order they occurred within the results list. A user may also specify a ranking for the results.
Users may also like a result to be removed from the visible results. For example, the result may be moved to a bottom of the results. According to an embodiment, when several results are required to be at the bottom, they are placed there in the relative order they occurred within the original results list.
Users may also like to move results that are considered basically higher or lower amongst the relevant results.
GUI 230 may be used to create one or more rules to re-rank results. As illustrated, a user has used GUI 230 to configure three ranking rules. A user may select the “pin” option to move matching results (as specified by the match type and match value for the rule) to the top/bottom of the search results. A user may also supply a custom boost value by specifying a value between a bottom value (e.g. −10) and a top value (10). Other values/range of values may be used. A boost value of 10 takes a result in the middle of the relevant results and moves it to the top. A boost value of −10 takes a result in the middle of the relevant results and puts it at the bottom of those results (not to the bottom of the whole list).
The user supplied parameter values may be mapped into a query ranking expressions as follows. Assume LARGESCORE is a score larger than any expected score in the system (e.g. 1,000,000). UVAL==“to top” is mapped to: RERANK(cb=LARGESCORE/2, n=20)<matchexpression>. UVAL==“to bottom” is mapped to: RERANK(cb=−LARGESCORE, n=20)<matchexpression>. According to an embodiment, when there are two rules, one which pins a result to the top and the other that hides it on the bottom, the hiding rule will win.
The mapping may be generalized as: −10<=UVAL <=10 maps to: RERANK(cb=UVAL/10, stdb=UVAL/10).
The following table may be used to assist in determining what to do for each of the parameters that may be specified by a user.



















Boost type
cb
rb
pb
avgb
stdb
f









To Top
LARGES
0
0
0
0
0




CORE div




2



To Bottom
—
0
0
0
0
0




3. LARGE




SCORE




div 4



−10 <=
1.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0



UVAL <=



10










According to an embodiment, a user may configure the values within the table to provide different weightings for each type of boost.
A user may specify common query restrictions (e.g. title, body, keyword, file extension, etc.) to specify the match type and determine matching results to apply the specified action for the re-ranking. A user may also specify the match value (e.g. gender:male, keyword:Brand) using the GUI 230.
In the current example, a user has specified three rules that are combined using an OR operator. Other operations and conditionals may be used to join the user specified ranking rules. Once the user has configured the ranking rules, the user may preview a set of results and when satisfied with the rule submit them to the ranking manager 26.
Ranking manager 26 is configured to create a re-ranking operator that includes the user specified parameters that influence how much the rank is changed for a result. According to an embodiment, the re-ranking operator formula is of the form:




  
    r
    i
  
  =
  
    a
    +
    
      b
      ⁡
      
        (
        
          max
          -
          min
        
        )
      
    
    +
    
      c
      ⁡
      
        (
        
          
            r
            i
          
          -
          min
        
        )
      
    
    +
    
      d
      ·
      
        x
        _
      
    
    +
    
      e
      ·
      σ
    
    +
    
      f
      ·
      
        
          
            x
            _
          
          ·
          
            σ
            2
          
        
        
          
            x
            2
          
          _
        
      
    
  




where ri is the rank value of the ith hit, max(min) is the max(min) rank value of all hits, x is the average rank value of the hits, σ is the sqrt (variance) of the rank values, x2 is the average of the sum of the square roots of the rank values of the hits, and a, b, c, d, e, and f are user configurable/supplied parameters. Parameter “a” is used to add a value to the ranking. Parameter “b” multiples the max minus min. Parameter “c” is a multiplier on rank value. Parameter “d” is a multiplier of an average score. Parameter “e” is a multiplier on the standard deviation. Parameter “f′ is a multiplier of value for another statistical function. As can be seen, in contrast to prior methods that allowed a single boost parameter to be added to a score, a user may configure a variety of different parameters that affect a re-ranking of a search result. More or fewer statistical calculations may be included in the ranking formula. According to an embodiment, the default values of the parameters are set to zero (0). The re-ranking formula may be surfaced in different ways. For example, rather than using an OM call, the re-ranking operators can be surfaced as part of a query syntax as follows: Query RERANK(cb=1,rb=0,pb=0,avgb=0, stdb=0.5,f=0) download.
RERANK can be nested such as <matchexpression>RERANK1(params)<matchexpression>RERANK2(params)<matchexpression>. According to an embodiment, the statistics are computed once, and RERANK1 is computed before RERANK2.
Instead of computing statistics for all of the results, a user may configure/restrict the calculation to use a portion of the results. Computing the statistics for the relevant results is directed at providing better statistics that are more relevant to a user than computing statistics using all of the results. For example, for results with high recall, the computation of statistics (e.g. standard deviation (stdb) and average score (avgb)) are likely to be skewed to the head of the results list when using all of the results. As a result, avgb could be very low and stdb could be close to 0. A user may configure the results to use for calculation of the statistics (e.g. select the top N results (assuming them to be relevant)). According to an embodiment, the default number of results used to compute the statistics is 20. The value may be set through a GUI and/or through an OM.
The following examples describe various uses of ranking rules and are provided for explanatory purposes only, and is not to be considered limiting.
Assume that a store manager would like to list Brand 1 of laptops higher in the product listings for women visiting the laptop category, as the Brand 1 laptops are popular with women. For men, the product listing of the laptops are sorted according to normal sorting rules. The store manager (or some authorized user) creates a rule that triggers for “gender:women” and “term:Products/Computers/Laptops” and the desired behavior is that RERANK for the term Brand 1 is added to the query when retrieving the result table used for the product listings. According to an embodiment, the rule is active until it is disabled (automatically/manually).
In a second example, assume that a search admin has configured a results block for reports in the enterprise search center. The search admin's query filters results that provide business data, but when the search admin tries the rule, the ranking is not quite right. Instead, the search admin would like results from his annual reports to be surfaced higher, and wants quarterly reports to come out higher in the ranking. The search admin configures the query to boost documents with the term “quarterly reports” in the title and those in the reports folder via a GUI, such as GUI 230.
For another example, assume that John is a business manager working for an online bookstore. He has a product catalogue for his books, magazines and other inventory. As the curates a catalogue page for thrillers, he decides that he wants to push books by his close partners, BestBooks for this category, and all e-books. He builds an appropriate query for this via a query rules for the thriller category.
For yet another example, assume that Dmitriy Jacobson is a search admin for an enterprise search portal at Ranking Technologies, Inc. He would like to add Linked-in data (via Bing) when he recognizes people names in search. In order to make the query more targeted, he adds words for his company to the query rules, for example, for his name at Ranking, he formulates the query “Dmitriy Jacobson, Ranking Technologies”. If no results appear, he would like to build a rule that fills them in with “Dmitriy Jacobson Ranking Technologies”; if all else fails, he would like to try just “Dmitriy Jacobson”. He can carry this out simply with a single query rule with two results blocks routed to the same search.
FIGS. 3-4 show an illustrative process for configuring and applying ranking rules. When reading the discussion of the routines presented herein, it should be appreciated that the logical operations of various embodiments are implemented (1) as a sequence of computer implemented acts or program modules running on a computing system and/or (2) as interconnected machine logic circuits or circuit modules within the computing system. The implementation is a matter of choice dependent on the performance requirements of the computing system implementing the invention. Accordingly, the logical operations illustrated and making up the embodiments described herein are referred to variously as operations, structural devices, acts or modules. These operations, structural devices, acts and modules may be implemented in software, in firmware, in special purpose digital logic, and any combination thereof.
FIG. 3 illustrates an overview of applying a ranking rule to search results.
After a start operation, the process 300 flows to operation 310, where a search query that is received is executed. After receiving a query, the query is executed using one or more search engines and one or more sources to obtain results.
Moving to operation 320, the search results are received. The results may come from one or more sources and may be returned in one or more formats. For example, a first search application may return search results in a first format, whereas another search provider returns results in another format.
Flowing to operation 330, any ranking rules are applied to the search results. As discussed herein, application of the ranking rule may result in one or more of the search results being re-ranked. More than one ranking rule may be applied to the search results. Further, the ranking rules may be applied to a combined set of search results that come from different sources and/or applied to each set of search results individually.
Transitioning to operation 340, the returned results from each of the queries are mixed. According to an embodiment, the re-ranked results from each source are put in a separate block. The blocks which are displayed, their order, and their location within the result list may be determined manually/automatically. For example, a user may specify how the results are displayed and/or the display of the results may be determined through machine learning. According to an embodiment, results from each of the determined alternate sources are stored in different user blocks.
Moving to operation 350, the results are displayed. The mixed results may be evaluated against display rule. When a rule is located whose condition matches the result, the corresponding display layout is applied to that result.
The process then moves to an end operation and returns to processing other actions.
FIG. 4 shows a process for creating and previewing one or more ranking rules.
After a start operation, the process 400 flows to operation 410, where a GUI is displayed that displays options for allowing a user to configure a ranking rule (See FIGS. 5-8 for exemplary GUI displays).
Moving to operation 420, a user selects an option to add a ranking rule. In response to selecting the option, a user configures a new rule.
Flowing to operation 430, a user defines the rule by specifying a match type, a match value for the specified match type and a re-ranking action to perform on any search results that meet the specified match type and match value.
Transitioning to operation 440, the ranking rule may be created once the specified values are received. According to an embodiment, validation occurs before allowing a user to save the ranking rule.
Moving to operation 450, the ranking rule may be previewed to test how it will be applied to search results.
The process then moves to an end operation and returns to processing other actions.
FIG. 5 shows an exemplary GUI for creating a rule.
As illustrated, display 500 shows a user selecting to add a ranking rule (501).
Display 550 shows the GUI with a rule template 555 that is displayed in response to receiving a selection to add a new rule. The rule template 555 includes a match type 502, a match value 504, a result action on match 506 and a manage rule 508 section. According to an embodiment, the match type 502 is auto filled with “URL starts with” as a default match type. A user may select a variety of match types to enter into the match type area, such as “Result contains keyword . . . ”, “Title contains keyword . . . ”, “Title matches phrase . . . ”, “URL is prefixed by . . . ”, “URL matches . . . ”, “Content type is . . . ”, “File extension matches . . . ”, “Result has the tag . . . ”, and specifying a manual condition (See FIG. 6 for exemplary display). The manual condition is used to enter a match condition that is not contained within the default listing. The manual condition may be specified using different methods (e.g. a query language, Boolean operators, and the like).
The match value 504 is used to obtain the desired match value. For example, if a user enters “Title contains keyword” in match type 502, then the user would enter the keyword(s) in the title that they are interested in.
The result action on match 506 and manage rule 508 indicate what kind of action to carry out (pin=“to top”), (hide=“to bottom”) and custom boost is −10<=UVAL <=10. When a rule is valid, the add rule link 510 is enabled
FIG. 6 shows a user adding another rule.
Display 610 shows the addition of a second rule and display 650 shows that the user has included a condition that boosts a result when it contains the keyword “download.”
FIG. 7 illustrates changing a custom boost.
Display 710 shows the user changing the custom boost of the second rule from 5 to 7.
Display 750 shows the user entering a manual condition in the third rule. When manual conditions are selected, an arbitrary query expression can be input into the match value. In the current example, a user has added the expression “fileextension:doc OR fileextension:docx” as the manual condition.
FIG. 8 shows an exemplary display for previewing results from applying a ranking rule.
As illustrated, display 880 shows preview results 882 that display exemplary results within the GUI used for configuring the rule.
Display 884 shows sorting by relevance enabled that shows the example rules shown in FIG. 7.
The embodiments and functionalities described herein may operate via a multitude of computing systems, including wired and wireless computing systems, mobile computing systems (e.g., mobile telephones, tablet or slate type computers, laptop computers, etc.). In addition, the embodiments and functionalities described herein may operate over distributed systems, where application functionality, memory, data storage and retrieval and various processing functions may be operated remotely from each other over a distributed computing network, such as the Internet or an intranet. User interfaces and information of various types may be displayed via on-board computing device displays or via remote display units associated with one or more computing devices. For example user interfaces and information of various types may be displayed and interacted with on a wall surface onto which user interfaces and information of various types are projected. Interaction with the multitude of computing systems with which embodiments of the invention may be practiced include, keystroke entry, touch screen entry, voice or other audio entry, gesture entry where an associated computing device is equipped with detection (e.g., camera) functionality for capturing and interpreting user gestures for controlling the functionality of the computing device, and the like.
FIGS. 9-11 and the associated descriptions provide a discussion of a variety of operating environments in which embodiments of the invention may be practiced. However, the devices and systems illustrated and discussed with respect to FIGS. 9-11 are for purposes of example and illustration and are not limiting of a vast number of computing device configurations that may be utilized for practicing embodiments of the invention, described herein.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating example physical components of a computing device 900 with which embodiments of the invention may be practiced. The computing device components described below may be suitable for the computing devices described above. In a basic configuration, computing device 900 may include at least one processing unit 702 and a system memory 704. Depending on the configuration and type of computing device, system memory 704 may comprise, but is not limited to, volatile (e.g. random access memory (RAM)), non-volatile (e.g. read-only memory (ROM)), flash memory, or any combination. System memory 704 may include operating system 705, one or more programming modules 706, and may include a web browser application 720. Operating system 705, for example, may be suitable for controlling computing device 900's operation. In one embodiment, programming modules 706 may include a ranking manager 26, as described above, installed on computing device 900. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may be practiced in conjunction with a graphics library, other operating systems, or any other application program and is not limited to any particular application or system. This basic configuration is illustrated in FIG. 9 by those components within a dashed line 708.
Computing device 900 may have additional features or functionality. For example, computing device 900 may also include additional data storage devices (removable and/or non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, or tape. Such additional storage is illustrated in FIG. 9 by a removable storage 709 and a non-removable storage 710.
As stated above, a number of program modules and data files may be stored in system memory 704, including operating system 705. While executing on processing unit 702, programming modules 706, such as the ranking manager may perform processes including, for example, one or more methods 300 and 400 as described above. The aforementioned process is an example, and processing unit 702 may perform other processes. Other programming modules that may be used in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may include electronic mail and contacts applications, word processing applications, spreadsheet applications, database applications, slide presentation applications, drawing or computer-aided application programs, etc.
Generally, consistent with embodiments of the invention, program modules may include routines, programs, components, data structures, and other types of structures that may perform particular tasks or that may implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, embodiments of the invention may be practiced with other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. Embodiments of the invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may be practiced in an electrical circuit comprising discrete electronic elements, packaged or integrated electronic chips containing logic gates, a circuit utilizing a microprocessor, or on a single chip containing electronic elements or microprocessors. For example, embodiments of the invention may be practiced via a system-on-a-chip (SOC) where each or many of the components illustrated in FIG. 9 may be integrated onto a single integrated circuit. Such an SOC device may include one or more processing units, graphics units, communications units, system virtualization units and various application functionality all of which are integrated (or “burned”) onto the chip substrate as a single integrated circuit. When operating via an SOC, the functionality, described herein, with respect to the manager 26 may be operated via application-specific logic integrated with other components of the computing device/system 900 on the single integrated circuit (chip). Embodiments of the invention may also be practiced using other technologies capable of performing logical operations such as, for example, AND, OR, and NOT, including but not limited to mechanical, optical, fluidic, and quantum technologies. In addition, embodiments of the invention may be practiced within a general purpose computer or in any other circuits or systems.
Embodiments of the invention, for example, may be implemented as a computer process (method), a computing system, or as an article of manufacture, such as a computer program product or computer readable media. The computer program product may be a computer storage media readable by a computer system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process.
The term computer readable media as used herein may include computer storage media. Computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. System memory 704, removable storage 709, and non-removable storage 710 are all computer storage media examples (i.e., memory storage.) Computer storage media may include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, electrically erasable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store information and which can be accessed by computing device 900. Any such computer storage media may be part of device 900. Computing device 900 may also have input device(s) 712 such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a sound input device, a touch input device, etc. Output device(s) 714 such as a display, speakers, a printer, etc. may also be included. The aforementioned devices are examples and others may be used.
A camera and/or some other sensing device may be operative to record one or more users and capture motions and/or gestures made by users of a computing device. Sensing device may be further operative to capture spoken words, such as by a microphone and/or capture other inputs from a user such as by a keyboard and/or mouse (not pictured). The sensing device may comprise any motion detection device capable of detecting the movement of a user. For example, a camera may comprise a MICROSOFT KINECT® motion capture device comprising a plurality of cameras and a plurality of microphones.
The term computer readable media as used herein may also include communication media. Communication media may be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” may describe a signal that has one or more characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media may include wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF), infrared, and other wireless media.
FIGS. 10A and 10B illustrate a suitable mobile computing environment, for example, a mobile telephone, a smartphone, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, and the like, with which embodiments of the invention may be practiced. With reference to FIG. 10A, an example mobile computing device 800 for implementing the embodiments is illustrated. In a basic configuration, mobile computing device 800 is a handheld computer having both input elements and output elements. Input elements may include touch screen display 805 and input buttons 815 that allow the user to enter information into mobile computing device 800. Mobile computing device 800 may also incorporate an optional side input element 815 allowing further user input. Optional side input element 815 may be a rotary switch, a button, or any other type of manual input element. In alternative embodiments, mobile computing device 800 may incorporate more or less input elements. For example, display 805 may not be a touch screen in some embodiments. In yet another alternative embodiment, the mobile computing device is a portable phone system, such as a cellular phone having display 805 and input buttons 815. Mobile computing device 800 may also include an optional keypad 835. Optional keypad 815 may be a physical keypad or a “soft” keypad generated on the touch screen display.
Mobile computing device 800 incorporates output elements, such as display 805, which can display a graphical user interface (GUI). Other output elements include speaker 825 and LED light 820. Additionally, mobile computing device 800 may incorporate a vibration module (not shown), which causes mobile computing device 800 to vibrate to notify the user of an event. In yet another embodiment, mobile computing device 800 may incorporate a headphone jack (not shown) for providing another means of providing output signals.
Although described herein in combination with mobile computing device 800, in alternative embodiments the invention is used in combination with any number of computer systems, such as in desktop environments, laptop or notebook computer systems, multiprocessor systems, micro-processor based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, mini computers, main frame computers and the like. Embodiments of the invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network in a distributed computing environment; programs may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices. To summarize, any computer system having a plurality of environment sensors, a plurality of output elements to provide notifications to a user and a plurality of notification event types may incorporate embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 10B is a block diagram illustrating components of a mobile computing device used in one embodiment, such as the computing device shown in FIG. 10A. That is, mobile computing device 800 can incorporate system 802 to implement some embodiments. For example, system 802 can be used in implementing a “smart phone” that can run one or more applications similar to those of a desktop or notebook computer such as, for example, browser, e-mail, scheduling, instant messaging, and media player applications. In some embodiments, system 802 is integrated as a computing device, such as an integrated personal digital assistant (PDA) and wireless phone.
One or more application programs 866 may be loaded into memory 862 and run on or in association with operating system 864. Examples of application programs include phone dialer programs, e-mail programs, PIM (personal information management) programs, word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, Internet browser programs, messaging programs, and so forth. System 802 also includes non-volatile storage 868 within memory 862. Non-volatile storage 868 may be used to store persistent information that should not be lost if system 802 is powered down. Applications 866 may use and store information in non-volatile storage 868, such as e-mail or other messages used by an e-mail application, and the like. A synchronization application (not shown) may also reside on system 802 and is programmed to interact with a corresponding synchronization application resident on a host computer to keep the information stored in non-volatile storage 868 synchronized with corresponding information stored at the host computer. As should be appreciated, other applications may be loaded into memory 862 and run on the device 800, including the ranking manager 26, described above.
System 802 has a power supply 870, which may be implemented as one or more batteries. Power supply 870 might further include an external power source, such as an AC adapter or a powered docking cradle that supplements or recharges the batteries.
System 802 may also include a radio 872 that performs the function of transmitting and receiving radio frequency communications. Radio 872 facilitates wireless connectivity between system 802 and the “outside world”, via a communications carrier or service provider. Transmissions to and from radio 872 are conducted under control of OS 864. In other words, communications received by radio 872 may be disseminated to application programs 866 via OS 864, and vice versa.
Radio 872 allows system 802 to communicate with other computing devices, such as over a network. Radio 872 is one example of communication media. Communication media may typically be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. The term computer readable media as used herein includes both storage media and communication media.
This embodiment of system 802 is shown with two types of notification output devices; LED 820 that can be used to provide visual notifications and an audio interface 874 that can be used with speaker 825 to provide audio notifications. These devices may be directly coupled to power supply 870 so that when activated, they remain on for a duration dictated by the notification mechanism even though processor 860 and other components might shut down for conserving battery power. LED 820 may be programmed to remain on indefinitely until the user takes action to indicate the powered-on status of the device. Audio interface 874 is used to provide audible signals to and receive audible signals from the user. For example, in addition to being coupled to speaker 825, audio interface 874 may also be coupled to a microphone 820 to receive audible input, such as to facilitate a telephone conversation. In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the microphone 820 may also serve as an audio sensor to facilitate control of notifications, as will be described below. System 802 may further include video interface 876 that enables an operation of on-board camera 830 to record still images, video stream, and the like.
A mobile computing device implementing system 802 may have additional features or functionality. For example, the device may also include additional data storage devices (removable and/or non-removable) such as, magnetic disks, optical disks, or tape. Such additional storage is illustrated in FIG. 10B by storage 868. Computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.
Data/information generated or captured by the device 800 and stored via the system 802 may be stored locally on the device 800, as described above, or the data may be stored on any number of storage media that may be accessed by the device via the radio 872 or via a wired connection between the device 800 and a separate computing device associated with the device 800, for example, a server computer in a distributed computing network such as the Internet. As should be appreciated such data/information may be accessed via the device 800 via the radio 872 or via a distributed computing network. Similarly, such data/information may be readily transferred between computing devices for storage and use according to well-known data/information transfer and storage means, including electronic mail and collaborative data/information sharing systems.
FIG. 11 illustrates a system architecture for re-ranking results, as described above.
Components managed via the ranking manager 26 may be stored in different communication channels or other storage types. For example, components along with information from which they are developed may be stored using directory services 1022, web portals 1024, mailbox services 1026, instant messaging stores 1028 and social networking sites 1030. The systems/applications 26, 1020 may use any of these types of systems or the like for enabling management and storage of components in a store 1016. A server 1032 may provide communications for managed components and content to clients. As one example, server 1032 may be a web server providing collaborative display component management communications and content over the web. Server 1032 may provide online display component management and content over the web to clients through a network 1008. Examples of clients that may obtain display component management communications and content include computing device 1002, which may include any general purpose personal computer, a tablet computing device 1004 and/or mobile computing device 1006 which may include smart phones. Any of these devices may obtain display component management communications and content from the store 1016.
Embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to block diagrams and/or operational illustrations of methods, systems, and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. The functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order as shown in any flowchart. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
The above specification, examples and data provide a complete description of the manufacture and use of the composition of the invention. Since many embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention resides in the claims hereinafter appended.

## Claims

1. A method for re-ranking search results, comprising:
receiving search results that are ranked; and
applying a ranking rule to the search results that re-ranks the search results, wherein the ranking rule is defined by user input and includes user-input specified parameters that influence how a result within the search results is re-ranked using statistical information calculated based on the search results, wherein the statistical information comprises at least one statistical value calculated based on rank values of a plurality of the search results, wherein the ranking rule includes a multiplier value that is multiplied against at least one of: a maximum rank value of the rank values minus a minimum rank value of the rank values; a rank value of the ranks values minus the minimum rank value of the rank values; an average rank value of the rank values; and a standard deviation of the rank values.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising defining the ranking rule using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that displays options used for setting the user-input specified parameters.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the GUI comprises a display of a pin option that ranks results that match a specified condition to a specified location within the displayed search results and a boost option that changes a ranking by one of: increasing a ranking value and decreasing a ranking value.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the GUI comprises displaying a hide option that removes a portion of the search results from the display.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ranking rule follows a standard query syntax.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the ranking rule is converted into nested ranking directives along with other ranking rules that are added to a query.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ranking rule comprises a ranking equation, wherein the ranking equation is




  
    
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where ri is the rank value of the ith hit, max/min is the max/min rank value of all hits, x is the average rank value of the hits, σ is the sqrt (variance) of the rank values, x2 is the average of the sum of the square roots of the rank values of the hits, and a, b, c, d, e, and f are user-input supplied parameters.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising computing statistics for a portion of the search results determined from a user-input defined value.

9. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions for re-ranking search results, comprising:
receiving search results that are ranked;
computing statistics based on rank values of a portion of the search results, wherein the portion comprises a plurality of the search results;
applying an expression that comprises nested ranking rules defined by a user-input to the search results that re-ranks the search results, wherein at least one of the nested ranking rules includes user-input specified parameters that influence how a result within the search results is re-ranked using the statistics and at least one of the nested ranking rules includes a multiplier value that is multiplied against at least one of: a maximum rank value of the rank values minus a minimum rank value of the rank values; a rank value of the rank values minus the minimum value of the rank values; an average rank value of the rank values; and a standard deviation of the rank values; and
after applying the expression to the search results, displaying the search results.

10. The computer storage medium of claim 9, further comprising defining the expression using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that displays options used for setting the user-input specified parameters.

11. The computer storage medium of claim 10, wherein the GUI comprises a display of a pin option that ranks results that match a specified condition to a specified location within the displayed search results and a boost option that changes a ranking by one of: increasing a ranking value and decreasing a ranking value.

12. The computer storage medium of claim 9, wherein the GUI comprises displaying a match type section, a match value section, and a result action on match section.

13. The computer storage medium of claim 9, wherein when the match type section is set to a manual condition, the match value section receives a match rule that follows a standard query syntax.

14. The computer storage medium of claim 9, wherein one or more of the nested ranking rules is previewed.

15. The computer storage medium of claim 9, wherein at least one of the nested ranking rules includes a multiplier value that is multiplied against one or more of: a maximum rank value minus a minimum rank value; a rank value minus the minimum value; an average rank value; and a standard deviation of the rank value.

16. A system for re-ranking search results, comprising:
a network connection that is coupled to tenants of the multi-tenant service;
a processor and a computer-readable medium;
an operating environment stored on the computer-readable medium and executing on the processor; and
a ranking manager operating under the control of the operating environment and operative to actions comprising:
receiving search results that are ranked;
computing statistics based on rank values of a portion of the search results, wherein the portion comprises a plurality of the search results;
applying a ranking rule defined by a user-input through a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to the search results that re-ranks the search results, wherein the ranking rule includes user-input specified parameters that influence how a result within the search results is re-ranked using the statistics and the ranking rule includes a multiplier value that is multiplied against at least one of: a maximum rank value of the rank values minus a minimum rank value of the rank values; a rank value of the ranks values minus the minimum rank value of the rank values; an average rank value of the rank values; and a standard deviation of the rank values; and
displaying the search results.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the GUI comprises a display of a pin option that ranks results that match a specified condition to a specified location within the displayed search results and a boost option that changes a ranking by one of: increasing a ranking value and decreasing a ranking value.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein the GUI comprises displaying a match type section, a match value section, and a result action on match section.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein when the match type section is set to a manual condition, the match value section receives a match rule that follows a standard query syntax.