Exhibit 4.4


 





 



 


 


 


 


 


 


MMTEC, INC.


 


TO


 





 



 


AS TRUSTEE


 


INDENTURE


 


DATED AS OF _____________, 20__


 


SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES


 


 


 


 


 


 












 



 






     


     


    

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 


 


	 	 	Page
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 1	DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION	1
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.1	DEFINITIONS	1
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.2	COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS	8
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.3	FORM OF DOCUMENTS DELIVERED TO TRUSTEE	8
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.4	ACTS OF HOLDERS; RECORD DATES	9
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.5	NOTICES, ETC., TO TRUSTEE AND COMPANY	10
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.6	NOTICE TO HOLDERS; WAIVER	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.7	CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.8	EFFECT OF HEADINGS AND TABLE OF CONTENTS	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.9	SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.10	SEPARABILITY CLAUSE	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.11	BENEFITS OF INDENTURE	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.12	GOVERNING LAW	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.13	LEGAL HOLIDAYS	11
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.14	INDENTURE AND SECURITIES SOLELY CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS	12
	 	 	 
	SECTION 1.15	INDENTURE MAY BE EXECUTED IN COUNTERPARTS	12



 






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	ARTICLE
2	SECURITY FORMS	12
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.1	FORMS GENERALLY	12
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.2	FORM OF FACE OF SECURITY	12
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.3	FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY	14
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.4	FORM OF LEGEND FOR GLOBAL SECURITIES	16
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.5	FORM OF TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION	16
	 	 	 
	SECTION 2.6	FORM OF CONVERSION NOTICE	17
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 3	THE SECURITIES	18
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.1	AMOUNT UNLIMITED; ISSUABLE IN SERIES	18
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.2	DENOMINATIONS	20
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.3	EXECUTION, AUTHENTICATION, DELIVERY AND DATING	20
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.4	TEMPORARY SECURITIES	21
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.5	REGISTRATION; REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE	21
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.6	MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST AND STOLEN SECURITIES	22
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.7	PAYMENT OF INTEREST; INTEREST RIGHTS PRESERVED	23
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.8	PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS	24
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.9	CANCELLATION	24
	 	 	 
	SECTION 3.10	COMPUTATION OF INTEREST	24
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 4	SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE	24
	 	 	 
	SECTION 4.1	SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE	24
	 	 	 
	SECTION 4.2	APPLICATION OF TRUST MONEY	25
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 5	REMEDIES	25
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.1	EVENTS OF DEFAULT	25
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.2	ACCELERATION OF MATURITY; RESCISSION AND ANNULMENT	26
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.3	COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE	27



 






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	SECTION 5.4	TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM	27
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.5	TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT POSSESSION OF SECURITIES	28
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.6	APPLICATION OF MONEY COLLECTED	28
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.7	LIMITATION ON SUITS	28
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.8	UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST AND TO CONVERT	28
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.9	RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES	29
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.10	RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE	29
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.11	DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER	29
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.12	CONTROL BY HOLDERS	29
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.13	WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS	29
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.14	UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS	30
	 	 	 
	SECTION 5.15	WAIVER OF USURY, STAY OR EXTENSION LAWS	30
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 6	THE TRUSTEE	30
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.1	CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES	30
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.2	NOTICE OF DEFAULTS	30
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.3	CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE	31
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.4	NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES	31
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.5	MAY HOLD SECURITIES AND ACT AS TRUSTEE UNDER OTHER INDENTURES	32
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.6	MONEY HELD IN TRUST	32
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.7	COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT	32
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.8	CONFLICTING INTERESTS	32
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.9	CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY	33
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.10	RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR	33
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.11	ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR	34
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.12	MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS	34
	 	 	 
	SECTION 6.13	PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY	35



 






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	SECTION
    6.14	APPOINTMENT
    OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT	35
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 7	HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY	36
	 	 	 
	SECTION 7.1	COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND ADDRESSES
    OF HOLDERS	36
	 	 	 
	SECTION 7.2	PRESERVATION OF INFORMATION; COMMUNICATIONS
    TO HOLDERS	36
	 	 	 
	SECTION 7.3	REPORTS BY TRUSTEE	36
	 	 	 
	SECTION 7.4	REPORTS BY COMPANY	37
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE
    8	CONSOLIDATION, MERGER,
    CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE	37
	 	 	 
	SECTION 8.1	COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC., ONLY ON CERTAIN
    TERMS	37
	 	 	 
	SECTION 8.2	SUCCESSOR SUBSTITUTED	37
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE
    9	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	38
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.1	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS	38
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.2	SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS	39
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.3	EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	39
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.4	EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	39
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.5	CONFORMITY WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT	40
	 	 	 
	SECTION 9.6	REFERENCE IN SECURITIES TO SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES	40
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE
    10	COVENANTS	40
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.1	PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST	40
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.2	MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY	40
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.3	MONEY FOR SECURITIES PAYMENTS TO BE HELD IN
    TRUST	40
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.4	STATEMENT BY OFFICERS AS TO DEFAULT	41
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.5	EXISTENCE	41
	 	 	 
	SECTION 10.6	WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS	41
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE
    11	REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES	42
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.1	APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE	42
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.2	ELECTION TO REDEEM; NOTICE TO TRUSTEE	42
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.3	SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED	42
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.4	NOTICE OF REDEMPTION	43



 






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	SECTION 11.5	DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE	43
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.6	SECURITIES PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE	44
	 	 	 
	SECTION 11.7	SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART	44
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 12	SINKING FUNDS	44
	 	 	 
	SECTION 12.1	APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE	44
	 	 	 
	SECTION 12.2	SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES	44
	 	 	 
	SECTION 12.3	REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND	44
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 13	DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE	45
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.1	COMPANY’S OPTION TO EFFECT DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE	45
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.2	DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE	45
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.3	COVENANT DEFEASANCE	45
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.4	CONDITIONS TO DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE	46
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.5	DEPOSITED MONEY, U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST; MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS	48
	 	 	 
	SECTION 13.6	REINSTATEMENT	48
	 	 	 
	ARTICLE 14	CONVERSION OF SECURITIES	48
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.1	APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE	48
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.2	EXERCISE OF CONVERSION PRIVILEGE	49
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.3	NO FRACTIONAL SHARES	49
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.4	ADJUSTMENT OF CONVERSION PRICE OR CONVERSION RATE	49
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.5	NOTICE OF CERTAIN CORPORATE ACTIONS	50
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.6	RESERVATION OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK	50
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.7	PAYMENT OF CERTAIN TAXES UPON CONVERSION	50
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.8	NONASSESSABILITY	51
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.9	PROVISION IN CASE OF CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OF ASSETS	51
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.10	DUTIES OF TRUSTEE REGARDING CONVERSION	52
	 	 	 
	SECTION 14.11	REPAYMENT OF CERTAIN FUNDS UPON CONVERSION	52



 






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	ARTICLE 15	SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES	52
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.1	AGREEMENT OF SUBORDINATION	52
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.2	PAYMENTS TO HOLDERS	52
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.3	SUBROGATION OF SECURITIES	54
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.4	AUTHORIZATION TO EFFECT SUBORDINATION	55
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.5	NOTICE TO TRUSTEE	55
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.6	TRUSTEE’S RELATION TO SENIOR DEBT	56
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.7	NO IMPAIRMENT OF SUBORDINATION	56
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.8	CERTAIN CONVERSIONS/EXCHANGES DEEMED PAYMENT	56
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.9	ARTICLE APPLICABLE TO PAYING AGENTS	56
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.10	SENIOR DEBT ENTITLED TO RELY	56
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.11	RELIANCE ON JUDICIAL ORDER OR CERTIFICATE OF LIQUIDATING AGENT	57
	 	 	 
	SECTION 15.12	TRUST MONIES NOT SUBORDINATED	57


 






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INDENTURE, dated as
of ____________, 20___, between MMTEC, Inc. (herein called the “Company”), and __________________________, a national
banking association duly organized and existing under the laws of the United States, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”).


 


RECITALS OF THE COMPANY


 


The Company has duly
authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured subordinated
debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the “Securities”), to be issued in one or more
series as provided in this Indenture.


 


All things necessary
to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.


 


NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:


 


For and in consideration
of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal
and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:


 


ARTICLE
1

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION


 


SECTION
1.1 DEFINITIONS.


 


For all purposes of
this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:


 


(1) the
terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;


 


(2) all
other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act-, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings
assigned to them therein;


 






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(3) all
accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States of America, and, except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term “generally accepted
accounting principles” with respect to any computation required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principles
in the United States of America as are generally accepted at the date of such computation;


 


(4) all
references to “$” refer to the lawful currency of the United States of America;


 


(5) unless
the context otherwise requires, any reference to an “Article” or a “Section” refers to an Article or a
Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture; and


 


(6) the
words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture
as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.


 


“Act,”
when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.


 


“Affiliate”
of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person.


 


“Authenticating
Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.14 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities of one or more series.


 


“Board of Directors”
means either the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of that board empowered to act for it with
respect to this Indenture.


 


“Board Resolution”
means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the
Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.


 


“Business Day,”
when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on
which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.


 


“Commission”
means the Securities and Exchange Commission, from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time
after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust
Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.


 


“Common Stock”
includes any stock of any class of the Company which has no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts payable in the event
of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company and which is not subject to redemption by
the Company; provided, however, subject to the provisions of Section 14.9, shares issuable upon conversion of Securities shall
include only shares of the class designated as Common Stock of the Company at the date of this Indenture or shares of any class
or classes resulting from any reclassification or reclassifications thereof and which have no preference in respect of dividends
or of amounts payable in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company and which
are not subject to redemption by the Company; provided, further, that if at any time there shall be more than one such resulting
class, the shares of each such class then so issuable shall be substantially in the proportion which the total number of shares
of such class resulting from all such reclassifications bears to the total number of shares of all such classes resulting from
all such reclassifications.


 






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“Company”
means the corporation named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Person shall
have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such
successor Person.


 


“Company Request”
or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board,
its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President or a Vice President, and by its principal financial
officer, its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.


 


“control”
when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or
indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling”
and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.


 


“Corporate Trust
Office” means the corporate trust office of the Trustee at __________________________________, Attention: Corporate Trust
Department, or such other office, designated by the Trustee by written notice to the Company, at which at any particular time its
corporate trust business shall be administered.


 


“corporation”
means a corporation, association, company, joint-stock company or business trust.


 


“Covenant Defeasance”
has the meaning specified in Section 13.3.


 


“Defaulted Interest”
has the meaning specified in Section 3.7.


 


“Defeasance”
has the meaning specified in Section 13.2.


 


“Depositary”
means, with respect to Securities of any series issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, a clearing
agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as Depositary for such Securities as contemplated by Section
3.1.


 


“Designated Senior
Debt” means the Company’s obligations under any particular Senior Debt in which the instrument creating or evidencing
the same or the assumption or guarantee thereof (or related agreements or documents to which the Company is a party) expressly
provides that such Senior Debt shall be “Designated Senior Debt” for purposes of this Indenture (provided that such
instrument, agreement or other document may place limitations and conditions on the right of such Senior Debt to exercise the rights
of Designated Senior Debt). If any payment made to any holder of any Designated Senior Debt or its Representative with respect
to such Designated Senior Debt is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by such holder or Representative upon the insolvency,
bankruptcy or reorganization of the Company or otherwise, the reinstated Indebtedness of the Company arising as a result of such
rescission or return shall constitute Designated Senior Debt effective as of the date of such rescission or return.


 


“euro”
or “euros” means the currency adopted by those nations participating in the third stage of the economic and monetary
union provisions of the Treaty on European Union, signed at Maastricht on February 7, 1992.


 


“European Economic
Area” means the member nations of the European Economic Area pursuant to the Oporto Agreement on the European Economic Area
dated May 2, 1992, as amended.


 


“European Union”
means the member nations of the European Union established by the Treaty of European Union, signed at Maastricht on February 2,
1992, which amended the Treaty of Rome establishing the European Community.


 






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“Event of Default”
has the meaning specified in Section 5.1.


 


“Exchange Act”
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.


 


“Expiration Date”
has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.


 


“Foreign Government
Obligation” means with respect to Securities of any series which are not denominated in the currency of the United States
of America (x) any security which is (i) a direct obligation of the government which issued or caused to be issued the currency
in which such security is denominated and for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged, or, with respect
to Securities of any series which are denominated in euros, a direct obligation of any member nation of the European Union for
the payment of which obligation the full faith and credit of the respective nation is pledged so long as such nation has a credit
rating at least equal to that of the highest rated member nation of the European Economic Area, or (ii) an obligation of a Person
controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality of a government specified in clause (i) above the timely
payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the such government, which, in either case
(i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (y) any depositary receipt issued by a bank
(as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any Foreign Government Obligation which is specified
in clause (x) above and held by such bank for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific
payment of principal of or interest on any Foreign Government Obligation which is so specified and held, provided that (except
as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary
receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Foreign Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal
or interest evidenced by such depositary receipt.


 


“Global Security”
means a Security that evidences all or part of the Securities of any series and bears the legend set forth in Section 2.4 (or such
legend as may be specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities).


 


“Holder”
means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register.


 


“Indebtedness”
means, with respect to any Person, all obligations, whether or not contingent, whether secured or unsecured, due or to become due,
outstanding on the date of this Indenture or thereafter created, incurred or assumed, of such Person (i) (a) for borrowed money
(including, but not limited to, any indebtedness secured by a security interest, mortgage or other lien on the assets of that Person
that is (1) given to secure all or part of the purchase price of property subject thereto, whether given to the vendor of such
property or to another, or (2) existing on property at the time of acquisition thereof), (b) evidenced by a note or similar instrument
given in connection with the acquisition of any businesses, (c) evidenced by a credit or loan agreement, note, debenture, bond
or other written instrument, (d) under a lease required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee under GAAP or under
other leases for facilities, capital equipment or related assets, whether or not capitalized, entered into or leased for financing
purposes, (e) in respect of letters of credit, bank guarantees, bankers’ acceptances and similar facilities (including reimbursement
obligations with respect to any of the foregoing), (f) issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of any property or services,
but excluding trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business, (g) under interest rate
or currency swap agreements, cap, floor, collar agreements, hedge agreements, forward contracts and similar agreements and arrangements;
(ii) with respect to any obligation of others of the type described in the preceding clause (i) and all dividends of another Person,
the payment of which, in either case, assumed by or guaranteed in any manner by such Person or for which such Person is responsible
or liable, jointly or severally, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise, or which are secured by a lien on such Person’s property;
and (iii) any and all renewals, extensions, modifications, replacements, restatements and refundings of, or any Indebtedness or
obligation issued in exchange for, any such Indebtedness or obligation described in the preceding clauses (i) or (ii).


 






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“Indenture”
means this instrument as originally executed and as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, including, for all purposes of this instrument and
any such supplemental indenture, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are deemed to be a part of and govern this instrument
and any such supplemental indenture, respectively. The term “Indenture” shall also include the terms of particular
series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 3.1; provided, however, that if at any time more than one Person is
acting as Trustee under this Indenture due to the appointment of one or more separate Trustees for any one or more separate series
of Securities, “Indenture” shall mean, with respect to such series of Securities for which any such Person is Trustee,
this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental
hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities
for which such Person is Trustee established as contemplated by Section 3.1, exclusive, however, of any provisions or terms which
relate solely to other series of Securities for which such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when such terms or provisions were
adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted by means of one or more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered
after such Person had become such Trustee, but to which such person, as such Trustee, was not a party; provided, further that in
the event that this Indenture is supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto which are only applicable
to certain series of Securities, the term “Indenture” for a particular series of Securities shall only include the
supplemental indentures applicable thereto.


 


“interest,”
when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security, which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity.


 


“Interest Payment
Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.


 


“Investment Company
Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.


 


“Maturity,”
when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes
due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, repurchase at
the option of the Holder, upon redemption or otherwise.


 


“Notice of Default”
means a written notice of the kind specified in Section 5.1(4).


 


“Officers’
Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer,
the President or a Vice President, and by the principal financial officer, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary, of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee. One of the officers signing an Officers’ Certificate
given pursuant to Section 10.4 shall be the principal executive, financial or accounting officer of the Company.


 


“Opinion of Counsel”
means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for, or an employee of, the Company, and who shall be reasonably acceptable
to the Trustee.


 


“Original Issue
Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable
upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2.


 


“Outstanding,”
when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except


 


(1) Securities
theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;


 


(2) Securities
for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
(other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying
Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has
been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;


 


(3) Securities
as to which Defeasance has been effected pursuant to Section 13.2; and


 






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(4) Securities
which have been paid pursuant to Section 3.6 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and
delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the
Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid
obligations of the Company; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities have given, made or taken any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action hereunder as of any date, (A) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding
shall be the amount of the principal thereof which would be due and payable as of such date upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof
to such date pursuant to Section 5.2, (B) if, as of such date, the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of a Security
is not determinable, the principal amount of such Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount as specified
or determined as contemplated by Section 3.1, (C) the principal amount of a Security denominated in one or more non-U.S. dollar
currencies or currency units which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the U.S. dollar equivalent, determined as of such
date in the manner provided as contemplated by Section 3.1, of the principal amount of such Security (or, in the case of a Security
described in clause (A) or (B) above, of the amount determined as provided in such clause), and (D) Securities owned by the Company
or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed
not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall
be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes
to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is
not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.


 


“Paying Agent”
means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities on behalf of the
Company.


 


“Payment Blockage
Notice” has the meaning specified in Section 15.2.


 


“Person”
means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.


 


“Place of Payment,”
when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of and any premium and interest
on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 3.1.


 


“Predecessor
Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.6
in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.


 


“Record Date”
means any Regular Record Date or Special Record Date.


 


“Redemption Date,”
when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.


 


“Redemption Price,”
when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.


 


“Regular Record
Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for
that purpose as contemplated by Section 3.1.


 


“Representative”
means the (a) indenture trustee or other trustee, agent or representative for any Senior Debt or (b) with respect to any Senior
Debt that does not have any such trustee, agent or other representative, (i) in the case of such Senior Debt issued pursuant to
an agreement providing for voting arrangements as among the holders or owners of such Senior Debt, any holder or owner of such
Senior Debt acting with the consent of the required persons necessary to bind such holders or owners of such Senior Debt and (ii)
in the case of all other such Senior Debt, the holder or owner of such Senior Debt.


 






    6


     


    

 


“Responsible
Officer” means, when used with respect to the Trustee, an officer of the Trustee in the Corporate Trust Office assigned and
duly authorized by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters.


 


“Securities”
has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture.


 


“Securities Act”
means the Securities Act of 1933 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.


 


“Security Register”
and “Security Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5.


 


“Senior Debt”
means the principal of, premium, if any, and interest (including all interest accruing subsequent to the commencement of any bankruptcy
or similar proceeding, whether or not a claim for post-petition interest is allowable as a claim in any such proceeding) on, and
all fees and other amounts payable in connection with, Indebtedness of the Company, whether outstanding on the date of this Indenture
or thereafter created, incurred, assumed, guaranteed or in effect guaranteed by the Company (including all deferrals, renewals,
extensions or refundings of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to, the foregoing), unless in the case of any particular
Indebtedness the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the assumption or guarantee thereof expressly provides that such
Indebtedness shall not be senior in right of payment to the Securities or expressly provides that such Indebtedness is “pari
passu” or “ junior” to the Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Senior Debt shall not include
any Indebtedness of the Company to any Subsidiary of the Company. If any payment made to any holder of any Senior Debt or its Representative
with respect to such Senior Debt is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by such holder or Representative upon the insolvency,
bankruptcy or reorganization of the Company or otherwise, the reinstated Indebtedness of the Company arising as a result of such
rescission or return shall constitute Senior Debt effective as of the date of such rescission or return.


 


“Special Record
Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.7.


 


“Stated Maturity,”
when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in
such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and
payable.


 


“Subsidiary”
means a Person of which more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors
of such Person (in the case of a corporation) is, or of which more than 50% of the equity interests (in the case of a Person which
is not a corporation) are, at the time owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by
the Company and one or more other Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, “voting stock” means stock or
other similar interests to the Company which ordinarily has or have voting power for the election of directors, or persons performing
similar functions, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock or other interests has or have such voting
power by reason of any contingency.


 


“Trust Indenture
Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force at the date as of which this instrument was executed; provided, however,
that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” means, to the extent
required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.


 


“Trustee”
means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have
become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include
each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used
with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.


 






    7


     


    

 


“U.S. Government
Obligation” means (x) any security which is (i) a direct obligation of the United States of America for the payment of which
the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised
by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed
as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable
at the option of the issuer thereof, and (y) any depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities
Act) as custodian with respect to any U.S. Government Obligation which is specified in clause (x) above and held by such bank for
the account of the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment of principal of or interest on any
U.S. Government Obligation which is so specified and held, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized
to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian
in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or interest evidenced by such depositary receipt.


 


“Vice President,”
when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word
or words added before or after the title “vice president.”


 


SECTION
1.2 COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS.


 


Upon any application
or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to
the Trustee such certificates and opinions as may be required under the Trust Indenture Act. Each such certificate or opinion shall
be given in the form of an Officers’ Certificate, if to be given by an officer of the Company, or an Opinion of Counsel,
if to be given by counsel, and shall comply with the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act and any other requirements set forth
in this Indenture.


 


Every certificate or
opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include,


 


(1) a
statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein
relating thereto;


 


(2) a
brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained
in such certificate or opinion are based;


 


(3) a
statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to
enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and


 


(4) a
statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.


 


SECTION
1.3 FORM OF DOCUMENTS DELIVERED TO TRUSTEE.


 


In any case where several
matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters
be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document,
but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other
matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.


 


Any certificate or
opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate
or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his or her certificate or opinion is based are erroneous.
Any such certificate or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion
of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters
is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate
or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.


 






    8


     


    

 


Where any Person is
required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments
under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.


 


SECTION
1.4 ACTS OF HOLDERS; RECORD DATES.


 


Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or
taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders
in person or by agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective
when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. The
Trustee shall promptly deliver to the Company copies of all such instrument or instruments delivered to the Trustee. Such instrument
or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act”
of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any
such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.1) conclusive in favor of the Trustee
and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.


 


The fact and date of
the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or
by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual
signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him or her the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting
in a capacity other than his or her individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of
his or her authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing
the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.


 


The ownership of Securities
shall be proved by the Security Register.


 


Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of
the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or
in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon,
whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.


 


The Company may set
any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to give, make
or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, vote, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this
Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders of Securities of such series, provided that the Company may not set a record date
for, and the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply with respect to, the giving or making of any notice, declaration, request
or direction referred to in the next paragraph. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding
Securities of the relevant series on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether
or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken
on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such series
on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any
action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall
automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed
to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series
on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own expense,
shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Trustee
in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in Section 1.6.


 


The Trustee may set
any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to join in
the giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of acceleration referred to in Section 5.2, (iii) any request
to institute proceedings referred to in Section 5.7(2) or (iv) any direction referred to in Section 5.12, in each case with respect
to Securities of such series. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities of such
series on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction,
whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless
taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such
series on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Trustee from setting a new record date
for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously
set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be
construed to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of the
relevant series on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Trustee,
at the Company’s expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration
Date to be given to the Company in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in Section
1.6.


 






    9


     


    

 


With respect to any
record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which sets such record dates may designate any day as the “Expiration
Date” and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall
be effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder
of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an
Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which set such
record date shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect
thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration
Date shall be later than the 180th day after the applicable record date.


 


Without limiting the
foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with regard
to all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant
to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount.


 


SECTION
1.5 NOTICES, ETC., TO TRUSTEE AND COMPANY.


 


Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to
be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,


 


(1) the
Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing
(or by facsimile transmissions, provided that oral confirmation of receipt shall have been received) to or with the Trustee at
its Corporate Trust Office, or


 


(2) the
Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided)
if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, personally delivered or sent via overnight courier to the Company addressed
to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this instrument or at any other address previously
furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company, Attention: Chief Financial Officer.


 


SECTION
1.6 NOTICE TO HOLDERS; WAIVER.


 


Where this Indenture
provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided)
if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, or delivered by hand or overnight courier, to each Holder affected by such
event, at its address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date (if any), and not earlier than the
earliest date (if any), prescribed for the giving of such notice. Neither the failure to mail or deliver by hand or overnight courier
any notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed or delivered by hand or overnight courier, to any particular Holder shall affect
the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice
may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall
be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a
condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.


 






    10


     


    

 


In case by reason of
the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then
such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose
hereunder.


 


SECTION
1.7 CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.


 


If any provision hereof
limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act that is required under the Trust Indenture Act to be
a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes
any provision of the Trust Indenture Act, which may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to
this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be.


 


SECTION
1.8 EFFECT OF HEADINGS AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.


 


The Article and Section
headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.


 


SECTION
1.9 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS


 


All covenants and agreements
in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.


 


SECTION
1.10  SEPARABILITY CLAUSE.


 


In case any provision
in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.


 


SECTION
1.11  BENEFITS OF INDENTURE.


 


Nothing in this Indenture
or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder,
the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.


 


SECTION
1.12  GOVERNING LAW.


 


THIS INDENTURE AND
THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. THIS INDENTURE IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS
OF THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED, THAT ARE REQUIRED TO BE PART OF THIS INDENTURE AND SHALL, TO THE EXTENT APPLICABLE,
BE GOVERNED BY SUCH PROVISIONS. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE AND EACH HOLDER OF A SECURITY OR A COUPON HEREBY IRREVOCABLY
WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT
OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.


 


SECTION
1.13  LEGAL HOLIDAYS.


 


In any case where any
Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security or the last date on which a Holder has the right to convert
a Security at a particular conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may be, shall not be a Business Day at any Place of
Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities (other than a provision of any Security
which specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this Section)) payment of interest or principal (and premium,
if any) or, if applicable to a particular series of Securities, conversion need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date,
but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest
Payment Date or Redemption Date, at the Stated Maturity or on such last day for conversion, as the case may be.


 






    11


     


    

 


SECTION 1.14  INDENTURE
AND SECURITIES SOLELY CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS.


 


No recourse for the
payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect
thereof, and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of the Company in this Indenture or in any supplemental
indenture or in any Security, or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any incorporator,
stockholder, employee, agent, officer, or director or subsidiary, as such, past, present or future, of the Company or of any successor
corporation, either directly or through the Company or any successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute
or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood that all such liability
is hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the
issue of the Securities.


 


SECTION
1.15  INDENTURE MAY BE EXECUTED IN COUNTERPARTS.


 


This instrument may
be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute
but one and the same instrument.


 


ARTICLE
2

SECURITY FORMS


 


SECTION
2.1 FORMS GENERALLY.


 


The Securities of each
series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant
to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other
marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities
exchange or Depositary therefor or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced
by their execution thereof. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution,
a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 3.3 for the authentication and
delivery of such Securities. Any such Board Resolution or record of such action shall have attached thereto a true and correct
copy of the form of Security referred to therein approved by or pursuant to such Board Resolution.


 


The definitive Securities
shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined
by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.


 


SECTION
2.2 FORM OF FACE OF SECURITY.


 


[INSERT ANY LEGEND
REQUIRED BY THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND THE REGULATIONS THEREUNDER.]


 


MMTEC, Inc. (herein
called the “Company,” which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value
received, hereby promises to pay to_____________, or registered assigns, the principal sum of ____________________ dollars on ________________
[IF THE SECURITY IS TO BEAR INTEREST PRIOR TO MATURITY, INSERT _________, and to pay interest thereon from ____________________
or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on ____________
and _____________ in each year, commencing _____________, at the rate of ______% per annum, until the principal hereof is paid
or made available for payment [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT —, provided that any principal and premium, and any such installment
of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the rate of ______% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest
shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such
interest shall be payable on demand]. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities)
is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the ____________ or ____________
(whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually
paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to
the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special
Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of
Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner
not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon
such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture].


 






    12


     


    

 


[IF THE SECURITY
IS NOT TO BEAR INTEREST PRIOR TO MATURITY, INSERT — The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in
the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue
principal and any overdue premium shall bear interest at the rate of ______% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such
interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment.
Interest on any overdue principal or premium shall be payable on demand. [Any such interest on overdue principal or premium which
is not paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of ______% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest on
interest shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the amount so demanded is paid or made available for
payment. Interest on any overdue interest shall be payable on demand.]]


 


Payment of the principal
of (and premium, if any) and [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — any such] interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency
of the Company maintained for that purpose in ___________, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time
of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT —; provided, however, that at the
option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address
shall appear in the Security Register].


 


Reference is hereby
made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes
have the same effect as if set forth at this place.


 


Unless the certificate
of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security
shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.


 


Dated:


 


	 	MMTEC, INC.
	 	 
	 	By: 	 
	 	 	 
	 	Title: 	 


 






    13


     


    

 


ATTEST:


 


SECTION
2.3 FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY.


 


This Security is one
of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in
one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of ____________, 20__ (herein called the “Indenture,” which term shall
have the meaning assigned to it in such instrument), between the Company and _____________________, as Trustee (herein called the
“Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture
and all indentures supplemental thereto for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities
thereunder of the Company, the Trustee, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which
the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof
[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT —, limited in aggregate principal amount to $_____________].


 


[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT
— The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — 30] days’
notice by mail, [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — (1) on _____________ in any year commencing with the year ______ and ending with
the year ______ through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount,
and (2)] at any time [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — on or after _____________, 20___], as a whole or in part, at the election of
the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed [IF APPLICABLE,
INSERT — on or before ____________, _____%, and if redeemed] during the 12-month period beginning of the years indicated,
and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to _____% of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption [IF APPLICABLE,
INSERT — (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)] with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but
interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities,
or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face
hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]


 


	YEAR	 	REDEMPTION

PRICE
	 	 	 
	 	 	 
	 	 	 


 


[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT
—The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — 30] days’
notice by mail, (1) on ____________ in any year commencing with the year ______ and ending with the year ______ through operation
of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as
percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — on or after
____________], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through
operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during
the 12-month period beginning _____________ of the years indicated, and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to % of the principal
amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest
to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable
to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record
Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]


 


	YEAR	 	REDEMPTION PRICE

FOR REDEMPTION

THROUGH OPERATION

OF THE SINKING FUND	 	REDEMPTION PRICE

FOR REDEMPTION

OTHER THAN

THROUGH OPERATION

OF THE SINKING FUND
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 


 


[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT
— Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to _____________, redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated
by [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — clause (2) of] the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation
by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance
with generally accepted financial practice) of less than _____% per annum.]


 






    14


     


    

 


[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT
— The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on ____________, in each year beginning with the year ______
and ending with the year ______ of [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — not less than $__________ (“mandatory sinking fund”)
and not more than] $___________ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series. Securities of this series acquired or
redeemed by the Company otherwise than through [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — mandatory] sinking fund payments may be credited
against subsequent [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT — mandatory] sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made [IF APPLICABLE,
INSERT —, in the inverse order in which they become due].]


 


[IF THE SECURITY
IS SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION OF ANY KIND, INSERT — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security
or Securities of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof
upon the cancellation hereof.]


 


[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT
— The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of [the entire indebtedness of this Security] [or] [certain
restrictive covenants and Events of Default with respect to this Security] [, in each case] upon compliance with certain conditions
set forth in the Indenture.]


 


[IF THE SECURITY
IS CONVERTIBLE INTO OTHER SECURITIES OF THE COMPANY, SPECIFY THE CONVERSION FEATURES.]


 


The indebtedness evidenced
by this Security is, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Indenture, subordinate and subject in right of payment to
the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company, and this Security is issued subject to such provisions of the Indenture
with respect thereto. Each Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions,
(b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination
so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.


 


[IF THE SECURITY
IS NOT AN ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY, INSERT — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series
shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and
with the effect provided in the Indenture.]


 


[IF THE SECURITY
IS AN ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY, INSERT — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall
occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner
and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to — INSERT FORMULA FOR DETERMINING THE AMOUNT.
Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium
and interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company’s
obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and premium and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall
terminate.]


 


The Indenture permits,
with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company
and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and
the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each
series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount
of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance
by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any
such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders
of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof,
whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.


 


As provided in and
subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with
respect to the Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee or for any other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder
shall have previously given the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this
series, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of this series at the time Outstanding shall
have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default as Trustee and offered the
Trustee reasonable indemnity, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal amount of Securities
of this series at the time Outstanding a direction inconsistent with such request, and shall have failed to institute any such
proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity. The foregoing shall not apply to any suit
instituted by the Holder of this Security for the enforcement of any payment of principal hereof or any premium or interest hereon
on or after the respective due dates expressed herein.


 






    15


     


    

 


No reference herein
to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which
is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate,
and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.


 


As provided in the
Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register,
upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal
of and any premium and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer
in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or its attorney duly authorized
in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the
same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.


 


The Securities of this
series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of $_______ and any integral multiple thereof. As
provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for
a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested
by the Holder surrendering the same.


 


No service charge shall
be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any
tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.


 


Prior to due presentment
of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue,
and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.


 


All terms used in this
Security that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.


 


SECTION
2.4 FORM OF LEGEND FOR GLOBAL SECURITIES.


 


Unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 3.1 for the Securities evidenced thereby, every Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder
shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:


 


THIS SECURITY IS A
GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A
NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY
IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE
LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.


 


SECTION
2.5 FORM OF TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE
OF AUTHENTICATION.


 


The Trustee’s
certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:


 


This is one of the
Securities of the series designated herein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.


 


	 	 	 
	 	as Trustee	 


 


	 	By: 	 
	 	 	Authorized Officer


 






    16


     


    

 


SECTION
2.6 FORM OF CONVERSION NOTICE.


 


Unless otherwise as
contemplated by Section 3.1, or in a supplemental indenture for the Securities evidenced hereby, conversion notices shall be in
substantially the following form:


 


To MMTEC, Inc.:


 


The undersigned owner
of this Security hereby irrevocably exercises the option to convert this Security, or portion hereof (which is $1,000 or an integral
multiple thereof) below designated, into shares of Common Stock of the Company in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred
to in this Security, and directs that the shares issuable and deliverable upon the conversion, together with any check in payment
for fractional shares and any Securities representing any unconverted principal amount hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered
holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below. If shares are to be issued in the name of a person other than the
undersigned, the undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with respect hereto. Any amount required to be paid by the undersigned
on account of interest accompanies this Security.


 


Principal Amount to
be Converted _____________________________________ (in an integral multiple of $1,000, if less than all) U.S. $____________


 


Dated:


 


	 	Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution (banks, stockbrokers, savings and loan associations and credit unions with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 17Ad-15.
	 	 
	 	Signature Guaranty


 


Fill in for registration
of shares of Common Stock and Security if to be issued otherwise than to the registered Holder.


 


	 	 	 	 
	 	(Name)	 	Social Security or Other Taxpayer
	 	 	 	Identification Number


 


	 	 	 
	 	Please print Name and Address	 
	 	(including zip code)	 


 


[The above conversion
notice is to be modified, as appropriate, for conversion into other securities or property of the Company.]


 






    17


     


    

 


ARTICLE
3

THE SECURITIES


 


SECTION
3.1 AMOUNT UNLIMITED; ISSUABLE IN SERIES.


 


 


The aggregate principal
amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in
one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution and, subject to Section 3.3, set forth, or
determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto,
prior to the issuance of Securities of any series,


 


(1) the
title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from Securities of any other series);


 


(2) any
limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
(except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities
of the series pursuant to Section 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 9.6 or 11.7 and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 3.3, are
deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);


 


(3) the
Person to whom any interest on a Security of the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest;


 


(4) the
date or dates on which the principal of any Securities of the series is payable;


 


(5) the
rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) at which any Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates
from which any such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest shall be payable and the Regular
Record Date for any such interest payable on any Interest Payment Date (or the method for determining the dates and rates);


 


(6) the
place or places where the principal of and any premium and interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable;


 


(7) the
period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series
may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which
any election by the Company to redeem the Securities shall be evidenced;


 


(8) the
obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase any Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous
provisions or at the option of the Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the
terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such
obligation;


 


(9) if
other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which any Securities of the series shall
be issuable;


 


(10)     if
the amount of principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index
or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;


 


(11)     if
other than the currency of the United States of America, the currency, currencies or currency units in which the principal of or
any premium or interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable and the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in
the currency of the United States of America for any purpose, including for purposes of the definition of “Outstanding”
in Section 1.1;


 


(12)     if
the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of the series is to be payable, at the election of the Company or
the Holder thereof, in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which such Securities are stated to
be payable, the currency, currencies or currency units in which the principal of or any premium or interest on such Securities
as to which such election is made shall be payable, the periods within which and the terms and conditions upon which such election
is to be made and the amount so payable (or the manner in which such amount shall be determined);


 


(13)     if
other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of any Securities of the series which shall
be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2;


 






    18


     


    

 


(14)     if
the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of any Securities of the series will not be determinable as of any one or more
dates prior to the Stated Maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be the principal amount of such Securities as of any such
date for any purpose thereunder or hereunder, including the principal amount thereof which shall be due and payable upon any Maturity
other than the Stated Maturity or which shall be deemed to be Outstanding as of any date prior to the Stated Maturity (or, in any
such case, the manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be determined);


 


(15)     if
applicable, that the Securities of the series, in whole or any specified part, shall be defeasible pursuant to Section 13.2 or
Section 13.3 or both such Sections, or any other defeasance provisions applicable to any Securities of the series, and, if other
than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to defease such Securities shall be evidenced;


 


(16)     if
applicable, the terms of any right to convert or exchange Securities of the series into shares of Common Stock of the Company or
other securities or property;


 


(17)     if
applicable, that any Securities of the series shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities
and, in such case, the respective Depositaries for such Global Securities, the form of any legend or legends which shall be borne
by any such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of that set forth in Section 2.4 and any circumstances in addition to or
in lieu of those set forth in clause (2) of the last paragraph of Section 3.5 in which any such Global Security may be exchanged
in whole or in part for Securities registered, and any transfer of such Global Security in whole or in part may be registered,
in the name or names of Persons other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof;


 


(18)     any
addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the series and any change in the right of the
Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section
5.2;


 


(19)     any
addition to or change in the covenants set forth in Article 10 which applies to Securities of the series;


 


(20)     any
Authenticating Agents, Paying Agents, Security Registrars or such other agents necessary in connection with the issuance of the
Securities of such series, including, without limitation, exchange rate agents and calculation agents;


 


(21)     if
applicable, the terms of any security that will be provided for a series of Securities, including provisions regarding the circumstances
under which collateral may be released or substituted;


 


(22)     if
applicable, the terms of any guaranties for the Securities and any circumstances under which there may be additional obligors on
the Securities;


 


(23)     any
addition to or change in or modification to the subordination provisions of this Indenture relating to the Securities of that series
(including the provisions of Article 15), or different subordination provisions, including a different definition of “Senior
Debt” or “Designated Senior Debt,” will apply to Securities of the series; and


 


(24)     any
other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by
Section 9.1(5)).


 


All Securities of any
one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to
the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 3.3) set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers’
Certificate referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.


 


If any of the terms
of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall
be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery
of the Officers’ Certificate setting forth the terms of the series.


 


The Securities shall
be subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt as provided in Article 15.


 






    19


     


    

 


SECTION
3.2 DENOMINATIONS.


 


The Securities of each
series shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons and only in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated
by Section 3.1. In the absence of any such specified denomination with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities
of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.


 


SECTION
3.3 EXECUTION, AUTHENTICATION, DELIVERY
AND DATING.


 


The Securities shall
be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer,
its principal financial officer, its President or one of its Vice Presidents, attested by its Treasurer, its Secretary or one of
its Assistant Treasurers or Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile.


 


Securities bearing
the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company,
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery
of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.


 


At any time and from
time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the
Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities,
and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. If the form or terms of the
Securities of the series have been established by or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 2.1 and
3.1, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such
Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 6.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, a
copy of such Board Resolution, the Officers’ Certificate setting forth the terms of the series and an Opinion of Counsel,
with such Opinion of Counsel stating,


 


(1) if
the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 2.1, that such form
has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;


 


(2) if
the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 3.1, that such terms
have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and


 


(3) that
such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions
specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance
with their terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.


 


If such form or terms
have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant
to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise
in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.


 


Notwithstanding the
provisions of Section 3.1 and of the preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one
time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officers’ Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 3.1 or the Company
Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to such preceding paragraph at or prior to the authentication of each
Security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first Security
of such series to be issued.


 






    20


     


    

 


Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.


 


No Security shall be entitled
to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a certificate
of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate
upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered
hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued
and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 3.9,
for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall
never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.


 


Neither the Company nor
the Trustee shall have any responsibility for any defect in the CUSIP number that appears on any Security, check, advice of payment
or redemption notice, and any such document may contain a statement to the effect that CUSIP numbers have been assigned by an independent
service for convenience of reference and that neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be liable for any inaccuracy in such numbers.


 


SECTION
3.4 TEMPORARY SECURITIES.


 


Pending the preparation
of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination,
substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions,
omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution
of such Securities.


 


If temporary Securities
of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay.
After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for
definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company
in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary
Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or
more definitive Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.
Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture
as definitive Securities of such series and tenor.


 


SECTION
3.5 REGISTRATION; REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER
AND EXCHANGE.


 


The Company shall cause
to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the “Security Register”)
in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities
and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed “Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering
Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.


 


Upon surrender for registration
of transfer of any Security of a series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or
more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.


 


At the option of the Holder,
Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like
tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities
are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities that
the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.


 






    21


     


    

 


All Securities issued upon
any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt,
and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.


 


Every Security presented
or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed,
or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed,
by the Holder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing.


 


No service charge shall
be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to
cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities,
other than exchanges pursuant to Section 3.4, 9.6 or 11.7 not involving any transfer.


 


If the Securities of any
series (or of any series and specified tenor) are to be redeemed in part, the Company shall not be required (A) to issue, register
the transfer of or exchange any Securities of that series (or of that series and specified tenor, as the case may be) during a
period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of any such Securities
selected for redemption under Section 11.3 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (B) to register the
transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security
being redeemed in part.


 


The provisions of clauses
(1), (2), (3) and (4) below shall apply only to Global Securities:


 


(1) Each
Global Security authenticated under this Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary designated for such Global
Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global
Security shall constitute a single Security for all purposes of this Indenture.


 


(2) Notwithstanding
any other provision in this Indenture, no Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and no
transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such
Global Security or a nominee thereof unless (A) such Depositary (i) has notified the Company that it is unwilling or unable to
continue as Depositary for such Global Security or (ii) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, (B)
there shall have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default with respect to such Global Security or (C) there shall exist such
circumstances, if any, in addition to or in lieu of the foregoing as have been specified for this purpose as contemplated by Section
3.1.


 


(3) Subject
to clause (2) above, any exchange of a Global Security for other Securities may be made in whole or in part, and all Securities
issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be registered in such names as the Depositary for such Global
Security shall direct.


 


(4) Every
Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any
portion thereof, whether pursuant to this Section, Section 3.4, 3.6, 9.6 or 11.7 or otherwise, shall be authenticated and delivered
in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary
for such Global Security or a nominee thereof.


 


SECTION
3.6 MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST AND STOLEN
SECURITIES.


 


If any mutilated Security
is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a
new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.


 


If there shall be delivered
to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such
security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence
of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute
and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same
series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.


 






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In case any such mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead
of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.


 


Upon the issuance of any
new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected
therewith.


 


Every new Security of any
series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by
anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities
of that series duly issued hereunder.


 


The provisions of this
Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.


 


SECTION
3.7 PAYMENT OF INTEREST; INTEREST RIGHTS
PRESERVED.


 


Except as otherwise provided
as contemplated by Section 3.1 with respect to any series of Securities or in a supplemental indenture with respect to any series
of Securities, interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close
of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest.


 


Any interest on any Security
of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called “Defaulted
Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been
such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (1) or
(2) below:


 


(1) The
Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their
respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted
Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company
shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted
Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such
money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided.
Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be not more than
15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the
Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in
the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special
Record Date therefor to be given to each Holder of Securities of such series in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, not less than
10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date
therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series
(or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer
be payable pursuant to the following clause (2).


 


(2) The
Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent
with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required
by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner
of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.


 






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Subject to the foregoing
provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or
in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such
other Security.


 


SECTION
3.8 PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS.


 


Prior to due presentment
of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal
of and any premium and (subject to Section 3.7) any interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or
not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected
by notice to the contrary.


 


SECTION
3.9 CANCELLATION.


 


All Securities surrendered
for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered
to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly canceled by it. The Company may at any
time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company
may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee)
for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities
so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any
Securities canceled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Securities held
by the Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance with its customary procedures.


 


SECTION
3.10  COMPUTATION OF INTEREST.


 


Except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the
basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.


 


ARTICLE
4

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE


 


SECTION
4.1 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.


 


This Indenture shall upon
Company Request cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities
herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when


 


(1) either


 


(A) all
Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which
have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.6 and (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited
in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Trustee or the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from
such trust, as provided in Section 10.3) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or


 


(B) all
such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation


 


(i)  have
become due and payable, or


 


(ii) will
become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or


 


(iii) are
to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption
by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has deposited
or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose money in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge
the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and any premium
and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity
or Redemption Date, as the case may be;


 






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(2) the
Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and


 


(3) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.


 


Notwithstanding the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.7, the obligations of the Trustee
to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.14 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B)
of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.2 and the last paragraph of Section 10.3 shall survive.


 


SECTION
4.2 APPLICATION OF TRUST MONEY.


 


Subject to the provisions
of the last paragraph of Section 10.3, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in trust and
applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through
any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto,
of the principal and any premium and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee.


 


ARTICLE
5

REMEDIES


 


SECTION
5.1 EVENTS OF DEFAULT.


 


“Event of Default,”
wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such
Event of Default and whether it shall be occasioned by the provisions of Article 15 or be voluntary or involuntary or be effected
by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative
or governmental body), unless in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate establishing such
series, it is provided that such series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:


 


(1) default
in the payment of any interest upon any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default
for a period of 30 days; or


 


(2) default
in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security of that series at its Maturity; or


 


(3) default
in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due by the terms of a Security of that series; or


 


(4) default
in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty
a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been
included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other than that series), and continuance of such default
or breach for a period of 90 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or
to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series
a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice
of Default” hereunder; or


 






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(5) the
entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (A) a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary
case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or (B) a decree
or order adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable Federal or State law, or appointing a custodian,
receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its
property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief
or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or


 


(6) the
commencement by the Company of a voluntary case or proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization
or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the
entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable Federal
or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case
or proceeding against it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable
Federal or State law, or the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian,
receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its
property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability
to pay its debts generally as they become due, or the taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action;
or


 


(7) any
other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’
Certificate establishing that series.


 


SECTION
5.2 ACCELERATION OF MATURITY; RESCISSION
AND ANNULMENT.


 


Unless the Board Resolution,
supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate establishing such series provides otherwise, if an Event of Default (other
than an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or 5.1(6)) with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding
occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of that series may declare the principal amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of that
series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the
terms thereof), and premium, if any, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, to be due and payable immediately,
by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal
amount (or specified amount), and premium, if any, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, shall become immediately
due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or 5.1(6) with respect to Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs, the principal amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of that series are Original
Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms thereof), and
premium, if any, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, shall automatically, and without any declaration or
other action on the part of the Trustee or any Holder, become immediately due and payable. Any payments by the Company on the Securities
following any such acceleration will be subject to the subordination provisions of Article 15 to the extent provided therein.


 


At any time after such
a declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment
of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such
declaration and its consequences if


 


(1) the
Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay


 


(A) all
overdue interest on all Securities of that series,


 


(B) the
principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of
acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,


 






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(C) to
the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in
such Securities, and


 


(D) all
sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee,
its agents and counsel; and


 


(2) all
Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that
series that have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.13.


 


No such rescission shall
affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.


 


SECTION
5.3 COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS
FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE.


 


The Company covenants that
if


 


(1) default
is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for
a period of 30 days, or


 


(2) default
is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security at the Maturity thereof, the Company will, upon
demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such
Securities for principal and any premium and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable,
interest on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,
and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.


 


If an Event of Default
with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce
its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall
deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in
this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.


 


SECTION
5.4 TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.


 


In case of any judicial
proceeding relative to the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities), its property or its creditors, the Trustee shall
be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized under the Trust
Indenture Act in order to have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding. In particular, the Trustee
shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute
the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial
proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent
to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation,
expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section
6.7. No provision of this Indenture shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf
of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any
Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding; provided, however,
that the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar official and be a member
of a creditors’ or other similar committee.


 






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SECTION
5.5 TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT
POSSESSION OF SECURITIES.


 


All rights of action and
claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the
Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall
be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment
of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable
benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.


 


SECTION
5.6 APPLICATION OF MONEY COLLECTED.


 


Any money collected by
the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in
case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or any premium or interest, upon presentation of the Securities
and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:


 


FIRST: To the payment of
all amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.7;


 


SECOND: Subject to Article
15, to the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and any premium, if any, and interest on the Securities
in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium, if any, and interest, respectively;
and


 


THIRD: The balance, if
any, to the Company or any other Person or Persons entitled thereto.


 


SECTION
5.7 LIMITATION ON SUITS.


 


No Holder of any Security
of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the
appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless


 


(1) such
Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that
series;


 


(2) the
Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;


 


(3) such
Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
compliance with such request;


 


(4) the
Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding;
and


 


(5) no
direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of such
Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect,
disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any
other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and
ratable benefit of all of such Holders.


 


SECTION
5.8 UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO
RECEIVE PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST AND TO CONVERT.


 


Notwithstanding any other
provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment
of the principal of and any premium and (subject to Section 3.7) interest on such Security on the respective Stated Maturities
expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date), to convert such Securities in accordance with
Article 14 to the extent that such right to convert is applicable to such Security, and to institute suit for the enforcement of
any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.


 






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SECTION
5.9 RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES.


 


If the Trustee or any Holder
has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or
abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject
to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively
to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though
no such proceeding had been instituted.


 


SECTION
5.10  RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE.


 


Except as otherwise provided
with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section
3.6, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other
right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other
right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of
any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate
right or remedy.


 


SECTION
5.11  DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER.


 


No delay or omission of
the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair
any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy
given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed
expedient, by the Trustee (subject to the limitations contained in this Indenture) or by the Holders, as the case may be.


 


SECTION
5.12  CONTROL BY HOLDERS.


 


The Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting
any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect
to the Securities of such series, provided that


 


(1) such
direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture and the Trustee shall not have determined that the
action so directed would be unjustly prejudicial to Holders of Securities of that series, or any other series, not taking part
in such direction; and


 


(2) the
Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction or this Indenture.


 


SECTION
5.13  WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS.


 


The Holders of not less
than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities
of such series waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except


 


(1) a
default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Security of such series as and when the same shall
become due and payable by the terms thereof, otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient
to pay all matured installments of interest, principal and premium, if any, has been deposited with the Trustee), or


 






    29


     


    

 


(2) to
the extent such right is applicable to such Security, a failure by the Company on request to convert any Security into Common Stock;
or


 


(3) in
respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article 9 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder
of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.


 


Upon any such waiver, such
default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose
of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.


 


SECTION
5.14  UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.


 


In any suit for the enforcement
of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it
as Trustee, a court may require any party litigant in such suit to file an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and may assess
costs against any such party litigant, in the manner and to the extent provided in the Trust Indenture Act; provided that neither
this Section nor the Trust Indenture Act shall be deemed to authorize any court to require such an undertaking or to make such
an assessment in any suit instituted by the Company or in any suit for the enforcement of the right to convert any Security in
accordance with Article 14.


 


SECTION
5.15  WAIVER OF USURY, STAY OR EXTENSION LAWS.


 


The Company covenants (to
the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or
take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which
may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby
expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution
of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law
had been enacted.


 


ARTICLE
6

THE TRUSTEE


 


SECTION
6.1 CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.


 


The duties and responsibilities
of the Trustee shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Indenture shall
require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its
duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment
of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein expressly
so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to
the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.


 


SECTION
6.2 NOTICE OF DEFAULTS.


 


If a default occurs hereunder
with respect to Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of such series notice of such default
as and to the extent provided by the Trust Indenture Act; provided, however, that except in the case of a default in the payment
of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment
or any conversion right applicable to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and
so long as a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding
of such notice is in the interests of the holders of Securities of such series; provided, further, however, that in the case of
any default of the character specified in Section 5.1(4) with respect to Securities of such series, no such notice to Holders shall
be given until at least 60 days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term “default” means
any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to Securities of such
series.


 






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Except with respect to
Section 10.1, the Trustee shall have no duty to inquire as to the performance of the Company with respect to the covenants contained
in Article 10. In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of an Event of Default except (i) any Default or
Event of Default occurring pursuant to Sections 5.1(1), 5.1(2) and 5.1(3) (defaults in payments on the Securities) or (ii) any
Default or Event of Default of which the Trustee shall have received written notification or obtained actual knowledge.


 


Delivery of reports, information
and documents to the Trustee under Section 7.4 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing
shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein,
including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely conclusively
on Officers’ Certificates).


 


SECTION
6.3 CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.


 


Subject to the provisions
of Section 6.1:


 


(1) in
the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting
upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture,
note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented
by the proper party or parties;


 


(2) any
request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order, and
any resolution of the Board of Directors shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;


 


(3) whenever
in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking,
suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) is entitled to
and may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers’ Certificate;


 


(4) the
Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization
and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;


 


(5) the
Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction
of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or
indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;


 


(6) the
Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness
or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts
or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled
to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; and


 


(7) the
Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents
or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed
with due care by it hereunder.


 


SECTION
6.4 NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE
OF SECURITIES.


 


The recitals contained
herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the
Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes
no representations as to the validity, sufficiency or priority of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor
any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.


 






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SECTION
6.5 MAY HOLD SECURITIES AND ACT AS TRUSTEE
UNDER OTHER INDENTURES.


 


The Trustee, any Authenticating
Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may
become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 6.8 and 6.13, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same
rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.


 


Subject to the limitations
imposed by the Trust Indenture Act, nothing in this Indenture shall prohibit the Trustee from becoming and acting as trustee under
other indentures under which other securities, or certificates of interest of participation in other securities, of the Company
are outstanding in the same manner as if it were not Trustee hereunder.


 


SECTION
6.6 MONEY HELD IN TRUST.


 


Money held by the Trustee
in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no
liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed with the Company.


 


SECTION
6.7 COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT.


 


The Company agrees:


 


(1) to
pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall
not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);


 


(2) except
as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and
advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation
and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable
to its negligence or bad faith; and


 


(3) to
indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith
on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including
the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any
of its powers or duties hereunder.


 


When the Trustee incurs
expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or Section 5.1(6) hereof occurs, the expenses
and the compensation for the services (including the fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses
of administration under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar law.


 


SECTION
6.8 CONFLICTING INTERESTS.


 


If the Trustee has or shall
acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act and there is an Event of Default under the Securities
of that series, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject
to the provisions of, the Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. To the extent permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee
shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest by virtue of being a trustee under this Indenture with respect to Securities
of more than one series.


 






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SECTION
6.9 CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY.


 


There shall at all times
be one (and only one) Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of each series, which may be Trustee hereunder for Securities
of one or more other series. Each Trustee shall be a Person that is eligible pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such
and has (or if the Trustee is a member of a bank holding company system, its bank holding company has) a combined capital and surplus
of at least $50,000,000. If any such Person or bank holding company publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant
to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section and to the extent
permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, the combined capital and surplus of such Person or bank holding company shall be deemed to
be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any series shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall
resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.


 


SECTION
6.10  RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.


 


No resignation or removal
of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of
appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11. The Trustee may resign at
any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the instrument
of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after
the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.


 


The Trustee may be removed
at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.


 


If at any time:


 


(1) the
Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 6.8 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona
fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or


 


(2) the
Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.9 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or
by any such Holder, or


 


(3) the
Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property
shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose
of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, then, in any such case, (A) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee
with respect to all Securities, or (B) subject to Section 5.14, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at
least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for
the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.


 


If the Trustee shall resign,
be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the
Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with
respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect
to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the
Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11. If, within one year after
such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11, become the successor Trustee with respect to
the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment
in the manner required by Section 6.11, the retiring Trustee may petition, or any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security
of such series for at least six months may petition, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, any court of competent
jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.


 






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The Company shall give
notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of
a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series to all Holders of Securities of such series in the manner provided
in Section 1.6. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the
address of its Corporate Trust Office.


 


SECTION
6.11  ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR.


 


In case of the appointment
hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge
and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation
or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance,
shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company
or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring
to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver
to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.


 


In case of the appointment
hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring
Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture
supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as
shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor
Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall
be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect
to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring
Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental
indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or
trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution
and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent
provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the
rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment
of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the
Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.


 


Upon request of any such
successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to
such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the first or second preceding paragraph, as the case may
be.


 


No successor Trustee shall
accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this
Article.


 


SECTION
6.12  MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION
TO BUSINESS.


 


Any corporation into which
the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion
or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate
trust business of the Trustee (including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture), shall be the successor of
the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution
or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated,
but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee
may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had
itself authenticated such Securities. In the event that any Securities shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor Trustee,
any such successor Trustee may authenticate and deliver such Securities in either its own name or that of such predecessor Trustee,
with the full force and effect which this Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee.


 






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SECTION
6.13  PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.


 


If and when the Trustee
shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions
of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against the Company (or any such other obligor).


 


SECTION
6.14  APPOINTMENT OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT.


 


The Trustee may appoint
an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of
the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon original issue and upon exchange, registration of transfer or
partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 3.6, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this
Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is
made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication,
such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a
certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be
acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States
of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having (or
if the Authenticating Agent is a member of a bank holding company system, its bank holding company has) a combined capital and
surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State authority. If such Authenticating
Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining
authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed
to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating
Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.


 


Any corporation into which
an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any
merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate
agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation
shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.


 


An Authenticating Agent
may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving
such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible
in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable
to the Company and shall give notice of such appointment in the manner provided in Section 1.6 to all Holders of Securities of
the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its
appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect
as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the
provisions of this Section.


 


The Trustee agrees to pay
to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the Trustee shall
be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the provisions of Section 6.7.


 






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If an appointment with
respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section 6.12, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
lieu of the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate of authentication in the following form:


 


This is one of the Securities
of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.


 


	 	 
	 	as Trustee
	 	By:	 
	 	By:	 


 


ARTICLE
7

HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY


 


SECTION
7.1 COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND
ADDRESSES OF HOLDERS.


 


The Company will furnish
or cause to be furnished to the Trustee


 


(1) semi-annually,
not later than 15 days after the Regular Record Date for each respective series of Securities, a list, in such form as the Trustee
may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities of each series as of such Regular Record Date,
as the case may be, or if there is no Regular Record Date for such series of Securities, semi-annually, and


 


(2) at
such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a
list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided that no
such list need be furnished by the Company to the Trustee so long as the Trustee is acting as Security Registrar.


 


SECTION
7.2 PRESERVATION OF INFORMATION; COMMUNICATIONS
TO HOLDERS.


 


The Trustee shall preserve,
in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished
to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security
Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.


 


The rights of Holders to
communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding
rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act. Every Holder of Securities, by receiving
and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either
of them shall be held accountable by reason of any disclosure of information as to names and addresses of Holders made pursuant
to the Trust Indenture Act.


 


SECTION
7.3 REPORTS BY TRUSTEE.


 


The Trustee shall transmit
to Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture
Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant thereto.


 


Reports so required to
be transmitted at stated intervals of not more than 12 months shall be transmitted no later than July 15 in each calendar year,
commencing with the first July 15 after the first issuance of Securities pursuant to this Indenture.


A copy of each such report
shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any Securities
are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any
stock exchange.


 






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SECTION
7.4 REPORTS BY COMPANY.


 


The Company shall file
with the Trustee and the Commission, and transmit to Holders, such information, documents and other reports, and such summaries
thereof, as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant to the Trust Indenture
Act; provided that any such information, documents or reports required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Exchange Act shall be filed with the Trustee within 15 days after the same is so required to be filed with the Commission.


 


ARTICLE
8

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE


 


SECTION
8.1 COMPANY MAY CONSOLIDATE, ETC., ONLY
ON CERTAIN TERMS.


 


The Company shall not consolidate
with or merge into any other Person (in a transaction in which the Company is not the surviving corporation) or convey, transfer
or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, unless:


 


(1) in
case the Company shall consolidate with or merge into another Person (in a transaction in which the Company is not the surviving
corporation) or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, the Person formed
by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or transfer, or which leases,
the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be a corporation, limited liability company, partnership,
trust or other business entity, shall be organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State
thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to
the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium and interest
on all the Securities and the performance or observance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed
or observed and the conversion rights shall be provided for in accordance with Article 14, if applicable, or as otherwise specified
pursuant to Section 3.1, by supplemental indenture satisfactory in form to the Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee,
by the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company shall have been merged or by the
Person which shall have acquired the Company’s assets;


 


(2) immediately
after giving effect to such transaction and treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary
as a result of such transaction as having been incurred by the Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event
of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and
be continuing; and


 


(3) the
Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation,
merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental
indenture comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been
complied with.


 


SECTION
8.2 SUCCESSOR SUBSTITUTED.


 


Upon any consolidation
of the Company with, or merger of the Company into, any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of the properties and
assets of the Company substantially as an entirety in accordance with Section 8.1, the successor Person formed by such consolidation
or into which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted
for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person
had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of
all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.


 






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ARTICLE
9

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES


 


SECTION
9.1 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT
OF HOLDERS.


 


Without the consent of
any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter
into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:


 


(1) to
evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, or successive successions, and the assumption by any such successor of
the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities in compliance with Article 8; or


 


(2) to
add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are
to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for
the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or


 


(3) to
add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such additional
Events of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such additional Events of Default
are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series); or


 


(4) to
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance
of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons, or to permit
or facilitate the issuance of Securities in uncertificated form; or


 


(5) to
add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture in respect of one or more series of Securities, provided that
any such addition, change or elimination (A) shall neither (i) apply to any Security of any series created prior to the execution
of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (ii) modify the rights of the Holder of any such
Security with respect to such provision or (B) shall become effective only when there is no such Security Outstanding; or


 


(6) to
secure the Securities, including provisions regarding the circumstances under which collateral may be released or substituted;
or


 


(7) to
add or provide for a guaranty of the Securities or additional obligors on the Securities; or


 


(8) to
establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Sections 2.1 and 3.1; or


 


(9) to
evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or
more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.11; or


 


(10) to
cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, provided that such action
pursuant to this clause (10) shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series in any material
respect; or


 


(11) to
supplement any of the provisions of the Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and
discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Articles 4 and 13, provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the
interests of the Holders of Securities of such series or any other series of Securities in any material respect.


 






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SECTION
9.2 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT
OF HOLDERS.


 


With the consent of the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture,
by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee
may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner
or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of
such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder
of each Outstanding Security affected thereby,


 


(1) change
the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce the principal
amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the
principal of an Original Issue Discount Security or any other Security which would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration
of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2, or change the place of payment or the coin or currency in which, any Security
or any premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on
or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date), or modify the provisions
of this Indenture with respect to the subordination of such series of Securities in a manner adverse to the Holders of Securities
of such series, or, in the case of Securities of any series that are convertible into Securities or other securities of the Company,
adversely affect the right of Holders to convert any of the Securities of such series other than as provided in or pursuant to
this Indenture, or


 


(2) reduce
the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any
such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions
of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or


 


(3) modify
any of the provisions of this Section, Section 5.13 or Section 10.8, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that
certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
affected thereby; provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to
changes in the references to “the Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section and Section 10.8, or the deletion
of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 6.11 and 9.1(8), or


 


(4) if
applicable, make any change that adversely affects the right to convert any security as provided in Article 14 or pursuant to Section
3.1 (except as permitted by Section 9.1(9)).


 


A supplemental indenture
which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the
benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series
with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders
of Securities of any other series.


 


It shall not be necessary
for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be
sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.


 


SECTION
9.3 EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.


 


In executing, or accepting
the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Sections 6.1 and 6.3) shall be fully protected
in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by
this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s
own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.


 


SECTION
9.4 EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.


 


Upon the execution of any
supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture
shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and
delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.


 






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SECTION
9.5 CONFORMITY WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.


 


Every supplemental indenture
executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act.


 


SECTION
9.6 REFERENCE IN SECURITIES TO SUPPLEMENTAL
INDENTURES.


 


Securities of any series
authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required
by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If
the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company,
to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in
exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.


 


ARTICLE
10

COVENANTS


 


SECTION
10.1  PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST.


 


The Company covenants and
agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium and interest
on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of the Securities and this Indenture.


 


SECTION
10.2  MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY.


 


The Company will maintain
in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered
for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, where Securities of that
series may be surrendered for conversion and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that
series and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change
in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency
or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made
or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all
such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands. Unless otherwise provided in a supplemental indenture or pursuant to Section
3.1 hereof, the Place of Payment for any series of Securities shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.


 


The Company may also from
time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered
for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or
rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for
Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation
or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.


 


SECTION
10.3  MONEY FOR SECURITIES PAYMENTS TO BE HELD IN TRUST.


 


If the Company shall at
any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal
of or any premium or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons
entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium and interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid
to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.


 


Whenever the Company shall
have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, on or prior to each due date of the principal of or any premium
or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held
as provided by the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee
of its action or failure so to act.


 






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The Company will cause
each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which
such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will (1) comply
with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (2) during the continuance of any default
by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities
of that series, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent
for payment in respect of the Securities of that series.


 


The Company may at any
time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company
Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be
held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon
such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such money.


 


Any money deposited with
the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest
on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for a period ending on the earlier of the date that is ten Business Days
prior to the date such money would escheat to the State or two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and
payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust;
and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof,
and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee
thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such
repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily
published on each Business Day and of general circulation in each Place of Payment, notice that such money remains unclaimed and
that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance
of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.


 


SECTION
10.4  STATEMENT BY OFFICERS AS TO DEFAULT.


 


The Company will deliver
to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers’
Certificate, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in default in the performance and
observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement
of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof
of which they may have knowledge. The fiscal year of the Company currently ends on December 31; and the Company will give the Trustee
prompt written notice of any change of its fiscal year.


 


SECTION
10.5  EXISTENCE.


 


Subject to Article 8, the
Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence.


 


SECTION
10.6  WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS.


 


Except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of such series, the Company may, with respect to the Securities of any series, omit
in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in any covenant provided pursuant to Section
3.1(19), 9.1(2) or 9.1(7) for the benefit of the Holders of such series if before the time for such compliance the Holders of at
least a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall, by Act of such Holders, either waive such
compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such term, provision or condition, but no such waiver shall extend
to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective,
the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in
full force and effect.


 






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ARTICLE
11

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES


 


SECTION
11.1  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.


 


Securities of any series
that are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities) in accordance with this Article.


 


SECTION
11.2  ELECTION TO REDEEM; NOTICE TO TRUSTEE.


 


The election of the Company
to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by Section 3.1
for such Securities. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series (including
any such redemption affecting only a single Security), the Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by
the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date, of the
principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed and, if applicable, of the tenor of the Securities to be redeemed.
In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms
of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers’ Certificate evidencing
compliance with such restriction.


 


SECTION
11.3  SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.


 


If less than all the Securities
of any series are to be redeemed (unless all the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed or unless
such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 45 days
prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption,
by lot, or in the Trustee’s discretion, on a pro-rata basis, provided that the unredeemed portion of the principal amount
of any Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such
Security. If less than all the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed (unless such redemption affects
only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 45 days prior to the Redemption
Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series and specified tenor not previously called for redemption in
accordance with the preceding sentence.


 


If any Security selected
for partial redemption is converted in part before termination of the conversion right with respect to the portion of the Security
so selected, the converted portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption.
Securities that have been converted during a selection of Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by the Trustee as Outstanding
for the purpose of such selection.


 


The Trustee shall promptly
notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption as aforesaid and, in case of any Securities selected for
partial redemption as aforesaid, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.


 


The provisions of the two
preceding paragraphs shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such Security is
to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount
of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such
Security.


 


For all purposes of this
Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the
case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities which
has been or is to be redeemed.


 






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SECTION
11.4  NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.


 


Notice of redemption shall
be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not fewer than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, unless
a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at its address appearing
in the Security Register.


 


All notices of redemption
shall state:


 


(1) the
Redemption Date,


 


(2) the
Redemption Price (including accrued interest, if any),


 


(3) if
less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of more than a single Security are to be redeemed, the identification
(and, in the case of partial redemption of any such Securities, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed
and, if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of a single Security are to be redeemed, the principal
amount of the particular Security to be redeemed,


 


(4) in
case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, that on and after the Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the Holder
of such Security will receive, without charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations for the principal amount
thereof remaining unredeemed,


 


(5) that
on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed and, if applicable,
that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date,


 


(6) the
place or places where each such Security is to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price,


 


(7) if
applicable, the conversion price or the conversion rate, as the case may be, the date on which the right to convert the principal
of the Securities or the portions thereof to be redeemed will terminate, and the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered
for conversion,


 


(8) that
the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case, and


 


(9) the
CUSIP number or numbers and/or common codes of the Security being redeemed; provided that any such notice may state that no representation
is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption
and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall
not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers.


 


Notice of redemption of
Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be irrevocable.


 


SECTION
11.5  DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.


 


On or prior to any Redemption
Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent,
segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.3) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except
if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that
date.


 


If any Security called
for redemption is converted, any money deposited with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent or so segregated and held in trust for
the redemption of such Security shall (subject to the right of any Holder of such Security to receive interest as provided in the
last paragraph of Section 3.7) be paid to the Company on Company Request, or if then held by the Company, shall be discharged from
such trust.


 






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SECTION
11.6  SECURITIES PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE.


 


Notice of redemption having
been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption
Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price
and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such Security for redemption in accordance
with said notice, such Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the Redemption
Date; provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1, installments of interest whose Stated
Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
3.7.


 


If any Security called
for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium shall, until paid, bear
interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security.


 


SECTION
11.7  SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART.


 


Any Security which is to
be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires,
due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the
Holder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like tenor,
of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed
portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered.


 


ARTICLE
12

SINKING FUNDS


 


SECTION
12.1  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.


 


The provisions of this
Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of any series except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities.


 


The minimum amount of any
sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of any Securities is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,”
and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of such Securities is herein referred to as an “optional
sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of any Securities, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be
subject to reduction as provided in Section 12.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities as
provided for by the terms of such Securities.


 


SECTION
12.2  SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES.


 


The Company (1) may deliver
Outstanding Securities of a series (other than any previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit Securities of
a series which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the
application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction
of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to any Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the
terms of such Securities as and to the extent provided for by the terms of such Securities; provided that the Securities to be
so credited have not been previously so credited. The Securities to be so credited shall be received and credited for such purpose
by the Trustee at the Redemption Price, as specified in the Securities so to be redeemed, for redemption through operation of the
sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.


 


SECTION
12.3  REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND.


 


Not fewer than 60 days
prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate
specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for such Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, the
portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied
by delivering and crediting Securities pursuant to Section 12.2 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered.
Not fewer than 30 days prior to each such sinking fund payment date, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon
such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 11.3 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in
the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 11.4. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption
of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 11.6 and 11.7.


 






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ARTICLE
13

DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE


 


SECTION
13.1  COMPANY’S OPTION TO EFFECT DEFEASANCE OR
COVENANT DEFEASANCE.


 


The Company may elect,
at its option at any time, to have Section 13.2 or Section 13.3 applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be, designated pursuant to Section 3.1 as being defeasible pursuant to such Section 13.2 or 13.3, in accordance with any applicable
requirements provided pursuant to Section 3.1 and upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article. Any such
election shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities.


 


SECTION
13.2  DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE.


 


Upon the Company’s
exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be,
the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations, and the provisions of Article 15 shall cease to be effective,
with respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 13.4 are
satisfied (hereinafter called “Defeasance”). For this purpose, such Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed
to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such Securities and to have satisfied all its other obligations
under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company,
shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), subject to the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated
or discharged hereunder:


 


(1) the
rights of Holders of such Securities to receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 13.4 and as more fully set forth
in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of and any premium and interest on such Securities when payments are due,


 


(2) the
Company’s obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 10.2 and 10.3, and, if applicable, Article
14,


 


(3) the
rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder, and


 


(4) this
Article.


 


Subject to compliance with
this Article, the Company may exercise its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities notwithstanding the prior
exercise of its option (if any) to have Section 13.3 applied to such Securities.


 


SECTION
13.3  COVENANT DEFEASANCE.


 


Upon the Company’s
exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be,


 


(1) the
Company shall be released from its obligations under any covenants provided pursuant to Sections 3.1(19), 9.1(2) or 9.1(7) for
the benefit of the Holders of such Securities,


 






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(2) the
occurrence of any event specified in Section 5.1(4) (with respect to any such covenants provided pursuant to Section 3.1(19), 9.1(2)
or 9.1(7)) and the occurrence of any other Event of Default specified pursuant to Section 3.1 shall be deemed not to be or result
in an Event of Default, and


 


(3) the
provisions of Article 15 shall cease to be effective,


 


in each case with respect
to such Securities or any series of Securities as provided in this Section on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section
13.4 are satisfied (hereinafter called “Covenant Defeasance”). For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that,
with respect to such Securities, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition
or limitation set forth in any such specified Section (to the extent so specified in the case of Section 5.1(4) and the occurrence
of any Event of Default specified pursuant to Section 3.1) or Article 15, whether directly or indirectly by reason of any reference
elsewhere herein to any such Section or Article or by reason of any reference in any such Section or Article to any other provision
herein or in any other document, but the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.


 


SECTION
13.4  CONDITIONS TO DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.


 


The following shall be
the conditions to the application of Section 13.2 or Section 13.3 to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may
be:


 


(1) The
Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee which satisfies the requirements
contemplated by Section 6.9 and agrees to comply with the provisions of this Article applicable to it) as trust funds in trust
for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefits of
the Holders of such Securities,


 


(A) in
the case of Securities of a series denominated in currency of the United States of America,


 


(i) cash
in currency of the United States of America in an amount, or


 


(ii) U.S.
Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their
terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, an amount in cash, or


 


(iii) a
combination thereof, or


 


(B) in
the case of Securities of a series denominated in currency other than that of the United States of America,


 


(i) cash
in the currency in which such series of Securities is denominated in an amount, or


 


(ii) Foreign
Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their
terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, an amount in cash, or


 


(iii) a
combination thereof, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the
Trustee (or any such other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the principal of and any premium and interest on such Securities
on the respective Stated Maturities, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and such Securities.


 


(2) For
Securities denominated in United States dollars, in the event of an election to have Section 13.2 apply to any Securities or any
series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that


 


(A) the
Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or


 






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(B) since
the date of this instrument, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case (A) or (B) to the
effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such Securities will not recognize gain or loss
for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, Defeasance and discharge to be effected with respect to such Securities
and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same times as would be the case if
such deposit, Defeasance and discharge were not to occur.


 


(3) For
Securities denominated in United States dollars, in the event of an election to have Section 13.3 apply to any Securities or any
series of Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that
the Holders of such Securities will not recognize gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and Covenant
Defeasance to be effected with respect to such Securities and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the
same manner and at the same times as would be the case if such deposit and Covenant Defeasance were not to occur.


 


(4) The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that neither such Securities nor any other
Securities of the same series, if then listed on any securities exchange, will be delisted as a result of such deposit.


 


(5) No
event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to such Securities or any
other Securities shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of such deposit or, with regard to any such event specified
in Sections 5.1(5) and (6), at any time on or prior to the 90th day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this
condition shall not be deemed satisfied until after such 90th day).


 


(6) Such
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not cause the Trustee to have a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture
Act (assuming all Securities are in default within the meaning of such Act).


 


(7) Such
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or
any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.


 


(8) Such
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in the trust arising from such deposit constituting an investment company within
the meaning of the Investment Company Act unless such trust shall be registered under such Act or exempt from registration thereunder.


 


(9) At
the time of such deposit,


 


(A) no
default in the payment of any principal of or premium or interest on any Senior Debt shall have occurred and be continuing,


 


(B) no
event of default with respect to any Senior Debt shall have resulted in such Senior Debt becoming, and continuing to be, due and
payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable (unless payment of such Senior Debt has been
made or duly provided for), and


 


(C) no
other event of default with respect to any Senior Debt shall have occurred and be continuing permitting (after notice or lapse
of time or both) the holders of such Senior Debt (or a trustee on behalf of such holders) to declare such Senior Debt due and payable
prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable.


 


(10) The
Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent with respect to such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance have been complied with.


 






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SECTION
13.5 DEPOSITED MONEY, U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS AND FOREIGN
GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST; MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.


 


Subject to the provisions
of the last paragraph of Section 10.3, all money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign Government Obligations (including the
proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee or other qualifying trustee (solely for purposes of this Section and Section 13.6,
the Trustee and any such other trustee are referred to collectively as the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 13.4 in respect
of any Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any such Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent)
as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities, of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal
and any premium and interest, but money so held in trust need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. Money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign Government Obligations so held in trust shall not be subject to the provisions
of Article 15.


 


The Company shall pay and
indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign
Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 13.4 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than
any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of Outstanding Securities.


 


Anything in this Article
to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money,
U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 13.4 with respect to any Securities
which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect the Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance, as the case may be, with respect to such Securities.


 


SECTION
13.6  REINSTATEMENT.


 


If the Trustee or the Paying
Agent is unable to apply any money in accordance with this Article with respect to any Securities by reason of any order or judgment
of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations under
this Indenture and such Securities from which the Company has been discharged or released pursuant to Section 13.2 or 13.3 shall
be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article with respect to such Securities, until such
time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all money held in trust pursuant to Section 13.5 with respect to such
Securities in accordance with this Article; provided, however, that if the Company makes any payment of principal of or any premium
or interest on any such Security following such reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights
(if any) of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money so held in trust.


 


ARTICLE
14

CONVERSION OF SECURITIES


 


SECTION
14.1  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.


 


The provisions of this
Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any series which are convertible into shares of Common Stock of the Company, and
the issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of such Securities, except as otherwise specified as contemplated
by Section 3.1 for the Securities of such series or in a supplemental indenture for Securities of such series.


 






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SECTION
14.2  EXERCISE OF CONVERSION PRIVILEGE.


 


In order to exercise a
conversion privilege, the Holder of a Security of a series with such a privilege shall surrender such Security to the Company at
the office or agency maintained for that purpose pursuant to Section 10.2, accompanied by a duly executed conversion notice to
the Company substantially in the form set forth in Section 2.6 stating that the Holder elects to convert such Security or a specified
portion thereof. Such notice shall also state, if different from the name and address of such Holder, the name or names (with address)
in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock, which shall be issuable on such conversion, shall be issued.
Securities surrendered for conversion shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed by or accompanied by
instruments of transfer in forms satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by the Holder or its attorney duly authorized
in writing. As promptly as practicable after the receipt of such notice and of any payment required pursuant to a Board Resolution
and, subject to Section 3.3, set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officers’ Certificate, or established
in one or more indentures supplemental hereto setting forth the terms of such series of Security, and the surrender of such Security
in accordance with such reasonable regulations as the Company may prescribe, the Company shall issue and shall deliver, at the
office or agency at which such Security is surrendered, to such Holder or on its written order, a certificate or certificates for
the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of such Security (or specified portion thereof), in accordance
with the provisions of such Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture, and cash as provided therein
in respect of any fractional share of such Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion. Such conversion shall be deemed
to have been effected immediately prior to the close of business on the date on which such notice and such payment, if required,
shall have been received in proper order for conversion by the Company and such Security shall have been surrendered as aforesaid
(unless such Holder shall have so surrendered such Security and shall have instructed the Company to effect the conversion on a
particular date following such surrender and such Holder shall be entitled to convert such Security on such date, in which case
such conversion shall be deemed to be effected immediately prior to the close of business on such date) and at such time the rights
of the Holder of such Security as such Security Holder shall cease and the person or persons in whose name or names any certificate
or certificates for shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to have become
the Holder or Holders of record of the shares represented thereby. Except as set forth above and subject to the final paragraph
of Section 3.7, no payment or adjustment shall be made upon any conversion on account of any interest accrued on the Securities
(or any part thereof) surrendered for conversion or on account of any dividends on the Common Stock of the Company issued upon
such conversion.


 


In the case of any Security
which is converted in part only, upon such conversion the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver
to or on the order of the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities of the same series, of authorized
denominations, in aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of such Security.


 


SECTION
14.3  NO FRACTIONAL SHARES.


 


No fractional share of
Common Stock of the Company shall be issued upon conversions of Securities of any series. If more than one Security shall be surrendered
for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the number of full shares which shall be issuable upon conversion shall be computed
on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (or specified portions thereof to the extent permitted hereby)
so surrendered. If, except for the provisions of this Section 14.3, any Holder of a Security or Securities would be entitled to
a fractional share of Common Stock of the Company upon the conversion of such Security or Securities, or specified portions thereof,
the Company shall pay to such Holder an amount in cash equal to the current market value of such fractional share computed, (i)
if such Common Stock is listed or admitted to unlisted trading privileges on a national securities exchange or market, on the basis
of the last reported sale price regular way on such exchange or market on the last trading day prior to the date of conversion
upon which such a sale shall have been effected, or (ii) if such Common Stock is not at the time so listed or admitted to unlisted
trading privileges on a national securities exchange or market, on the basis of the average of the bid and asked prices of such
Common Stock in the over-the-counter market, on the last trading day prior to the date of conversion, as reported by the National
Quotation Bureau, Incorporated or similar organization if the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated is no longer reporting such
information, or if not so available, the fair market price as determined by the Board of Directors. For purposes of this Section,
“trading day” shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday other than any day on which the Common
Stock is not traded on the NYSE Amex, or if the Common Stock is not traded on the NYSE Amex, on the principal exchange or market
on which the Common Stock is traded or quoted.


 


SECTION
14.4  ADJUSTMENT OF CONVERSION PRICE OR CONVERSION
RATE.


 


The conversion price or
conversion rate, as the case may be, of Securities of any series that is convertible into Common Stock of the Company shall be
adjusted for any stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications, combinations or similar transactions in accordance with the
terms of the supplemental indenture or Board Resolutions setting forth the terms of the Securities of such series.


 






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Whenever the conversion
price or conversion rate, as the case may be, is adjusted, the Company shall compute the adjusted conversion price or conversion
rate, as the case may be, in accordance with terms of the applicable Board Resolution or supplemental indenture and shall prepare
an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the adjusted conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may be, and showing
in reasonable detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based, and such certificate shall forthwith be filed at each office
or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of Securities pursuant to Section 10.2 and, if different, with the Trustee.
The Company shall forthwith cause a notice setting forth the adjusted conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may be,
to be mailed, first class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Securities of such series at its address appearing on the Security
Register and to any conversion agent other than the Trustee.


 


SECTION
14.5  NOTICE OF CERTAIN CORPORATE ACTIONS.


 


In case:


 


(1) the
Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on its Common Stock payable otherwise than in cash out of its retained
earnings (other than a dividend for which approval of any shareholders of the Company is required) that would require an adjustment
pursuant to Section 14.4; or


 


(2) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all or substantially all of the holders of its Common Stock of rights, options or warrants
to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any other rights (other than any such grant for which
approval of any shareholders of the Company is required); or


 


(3) of
any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Company (other than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding shares of Common
Stock, or of any consolidation, merger or share exchange to which the Company is a party and for which approval of any shareholders
of the Company is required), or of the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or


 


(4) of
the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company; then the Company shall cause to be filed with
the Trustee, and shall cause to be mailed to all Holders at their last addresses as they shall appear in the Security Register,
at least 20 days (or 10 days in any case specified in clause (1) or (2) above) prior to the applicable record date hereinafter
specified, a notice stating (i) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, rights,
options or warrants, or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled
to such dividend, distribution, rights, options or warrants are to be determined, or (ii) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, share exchange, sale, dissolution, liquidation or winding up is expected to become effective, and the date
as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for
securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, share exchange, sale, dissolution,
liquidation or winding up. If at any time the Trustee shall not be the conversion agent, a copy of such notice shall also forthwith
be filed by the Company with the Trustee.


 


SECTION
14.6  RESERVATION OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK.


 


The Company shall at all
times reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, for the purpose
of effecting the conversion of Securities, the full number of shares of Common Stock of the Company then issuable upon the conversion
of all outstanding Securities of any series that has conversion rights.


 


SECTION
14.7  PAYMENT OF CERTAIN TAXES UPON CONVERSION.


 


Except as provided in the
next sentence, the Company will pay any and all taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of shares of its
Common Stock on conversion of Securities pursuant hereto. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any tax which may
be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issue and delivery of shares of its Common Stock in a name other than that
of the Holder of the Security or Securities to be converted, and no such issue or delivery shall be made unless and until the person
requesting such issue has paid to the Company the amount of any such tax, or has established, to the satisfaction of the Company,
that such tax has been paid.


 






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SECTION
14.8  NONASSESSABILITY.


 


The Company covenants that
all shares of its Common Stock that may be issued upon conversion of Securities will upon issue in accordance with the terms hereof
be duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable.


 


SECTION
14.9  PROVISION IN CASE OF CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR
SALE OF ASSETS.


 


In case of any consolidation
or merger of the Company with or into any other Person, any merger of another Person with or into the Company (other than a merger
which does not result in any reclassification, conversion, exchange or cancellation of outstanding shares of Common Stock of the
Company) or any conveyance, sale, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, the Person formed
by such consolidation or resulting from such merger or which acquires such assets, as the case may be, shall execute and deliver
to the Trustee a supplemental indenture providing that the Holder of each Security of a series then Outstanding that is convertible
into Common Stock of the Company shall have the right thereafter (which right shall be the exclusive conversion right thereafter
available to said Holder), during the period such Security shall be convertible, to convert such Security only into the kind and
amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease by
a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company into which such Security might have been converted immediately
prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease, assuming such holder of Common Stock of the Company (i)
is not a Person with which the Company consolidated or merged with or into or which merged into or with the Company or to which
such conveyance, sale, transfer or lease was made, as the case may be (a “Constituent Person”), or an Affiliate of
a Constituent Person and (ii) failed to exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of securities, cash and
other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease (provided that if the kind or amount
of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer, or lease is not
the same for each share of Common Stock of the Company held immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale,
transfer or lease by others than a Constituent Person or an Affiliate thereof and in respect of which such rights of election shall
not have been exercised (“Non-electing Share”), then for the purpose of this Section 14.9 the kind and amount of securities,
cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease by the holders of each
Non-electing Share shall be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share by a plurality of the Non-electing Shares).
Such supplemental indenture shall provide for adjustments which, for events subsequent to the effective date of such supplemental
indenture, shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Article or in accordance
with the terms of the supplemental indenture or Board Resolutions setting forth the terms of such adjustments. The above provisions
of this Section 14.9 shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers, conveyances, sales, transfers or leases. Notice
of the execution of such a supplemental indenture shall be given by the Company to the Holder of each Security of a series that
is convertible into Common Stock of the Company as provided in Section 1.6 promptly upon such execution.


 


Neither the Trustee nor
any conversion agent, if any, shall be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any
such supplemental indenture relating either to the kind or amount of shares of stock or other securities or property or cash receivable
by Holders of Securities of a series convertible into Common Stock of the Company upon the conversion of their Securities after
any such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer, sale or lease or to any such adjustment, but may accept as conclusive evidence
of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel with respect thereto,
which the Company shall cause to be furnished to the Trustee upon request.


 






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SECTION
14.10 DUTIES OF TRUSTEE REGARDING CONVERSION.


 


Neither the Trustee nor
any conversion agent shall at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder of Securities of any series that is convertible
into Common Stock of the Company to determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment of the conversion price
or conversion rate, as the case may be, or with respect to the nature or extent of any such adjustment when made, or with respect
to the method employed, whether herein or in any supplemental indenture, any resolutions of the Board of Directors or written instrument
executed by one or more officers of the Company provided to be employed in making the same. Neither the Trustee nor any conversion
agent shall be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares of Common Stock of the Company,
or of any securities or property, which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Securities and neither
the Trustee nor any conversion agent makes any representation with respect thereto. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, neither
the Trustee nor any conversion agent shall be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any shares
of its Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or property upon the surrender of any Security for the purpose of
conversion or to comply with any of the covenants of the Company contained in this Article 14 or in the applicable supplemental
indenture, resolutions of the Board of Directors or written instrument executed by one or more duly authorized officers of the
Company.


 


SECTION
14.11 REPAYMENT OF CERTAIN FUNDS UPON CONVERSION.


 


Any funds which at any
time shall have been deposited by the Company or on its behalf with the Trustee or any other paying agent for the purpose of paying
the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on any of the Securities (including, but not limited to, funds deposited
for the sinking fund referred to in Article 12 hereof and funds deposited pursuant to Article 13 hereof) and which shall not be
required for such purposes because of the conversion of such Securities as provided in this Article 14 shall after such conversion
be repaid to the Company by the Trustee upon the Company’s written request.


 


ARTICLE
15

SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES


 


SECTION
15.1  AGREEMENT OF SUBORDINATION.


 


Except as otherwise provided
in a supplemental indenture or pursuant to Section 3.1, the Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of Securities issued
hereunder by its acceptance thereof likewise covenants and agrees, that all Securities shall be issued subject to the provisions
of this Article 15; and each Person holding any Security, whether upon original issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange
thereof, accepts and agrees to be bound by such provisions.


 


The payment of the principal
of, premium, if any, and interest on all Securities (including, but not limited to, the redemption price with respect to the Securities
called for redemption in accordance with Article 11 as provided in the Indenture) issued hereunder shall, to the extent and in
the manner hereinafter set forth, be subordinated and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt,
whether outstanding at the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred.


 


No provision of this Article
15 shall prevent the occurrence of any default or Event of Default hereunder.


 


SECTION
15.2  PAYMENTS TO HOLDERS.


 


No payment shall be made
with respect to the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (including, but not limited to, the redemption
price with respect to the Securities to be called for redemption in accordance with Article 11 as provided in the Indenture), except
payments and distributions made by the Trustee as permitted by the first or second paragraph of Section 15.5, if:


 


(i) a
default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, interest, rent or other obligations due on any Senior Debt occurs and is
continuing (or, in the case of Senior Debt for which there is a period of grace, in the event of such a default that continues
beyond the period of grace, if any, specified in the instrument or lease evidencing such Senior Debt) (a “Payment Default”),
unless and until such default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist; or


 


(ii) a
default, other than a Payment Default, on any Designated Senior Debt occurs and is continuing that then permits holders of such
Designated Senior Debt to accelerate its maturity and the Trustee receives a notice of the default (a “Payment Blockage Notice”)
from a holder of Designated Senior Debt, a Representative of Designated Senior Debt or the Company (a “Non-Payment Default”).


 






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If the Trustee receives
any Payment Blockage Notice pursuant to clause (ii) above, no subsequent Payment Blockage Notice shall be effective for purposes
of this Section unless and until at least 365 days shall have elapsed since the initial effectiveness of the immediately prior
Payment Blockage Notice. No Non-Payment Default that existed or was continuing on the date of delivery of any Payment Blockage
Notice to the Trustee shall be, or be made, the basis for a subsequent Payment Blockage Notice.


 


The Company may and shall
resume payments on and distributions in respect of the Securities upon the earlier of:


 


(1) in
the case of any Payment Default, the date upon which the Payment Default is cured or waived or ceases to exist, or


 


(2) in
the case of a Non-Payment Default, the earlier of (a) the date upon which such Non-Payment Default is cured, waived or ceases to
exist or (b) 179 days after the date on which the applicable Payment Blockage Notice is received by the Trustee, unless this Article
15 otherwise prohibits the payment or distribution at such time.


 


Upon any payment or distribution
of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to creditors upon any dissolution or
winding-up or liquidation or reorganization of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
liquidation, receivership or other proceedings, or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or any marshalling of the assets
and liabilities of the Company, or otherwise, all amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Debt shall first be paid in full
in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, or payment thereof in accordance with its terms provided
for in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, before any payment is made on account of the principal
of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (except payments made pursuant to Article 4 from monies deposited with the Trustee
pursuant thereto prior to commencement of proceedings for such dissolution, winding-up, liquidation, reorganization, assignment
for the benefit of creditors or the marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company); and upon any such dissolution, winding-up,
liquidation, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors or marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company or
bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceeding, any payment by the Company, or distribution of assets of the Company
of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would
be entitled, except for the provision of this Article 15, shall (except as aforesaid) be paid by the Company or by any receiver,
trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, or by the Holders of the
Securities or by the Trustee under this Indenture if received by them or it, directly to the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to
such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Debt held by such holders, or as otherwise required by law or a court
order) or their Representative or Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments
evidencing any Senior Debt may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, to the extent necessary to pay all Senior
Debt in full, in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, after giving effect to any concurrent payment
or distribution to or for the holders of Senior Debt, before any payment or distribution or provision therefor is made to the Holders
of the Securities or to the Trustee.


 


For purposes of this Article
15, the words, “cash, property or securities” shall not be deemed to include shares of stock of the Company as reorganized
or readjusted, or securities of the Company or any other corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment,
the payment of which is subordinated at least to the extent provided in this Article 15 with respect to the Securities to the payment
of all Senior Debt which may at the time be outstanding; provided that (i) the Senior Debt is assumed by the new corporation, if
any, resulting from any reorganization or readjustment, and (ii) the rights of the holders of Senior Debt (other than leases which
are not assumed by the Company or the new corporation, as the case may be) are not, without the consent of such holders, altered
by such reorganization or readjustment. The consolidation of the Company with, or the merger of the Company into, another corporation
or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company following the conveyance or transfer of its property as an entirety, or substantially
as an entirety, to another corporation upon the terms and conditions provided for in Article 8 shall not be deemed a dissolution,
winding-up, liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this Section 15.2 if such other corporation shall, as a part of such
consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions stated in Article 8.


 






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In the event of the acceleration
of the Securities because of an Event of Default, no payment or distribution shall be made to the Trustee or any Holder of Securities
in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities (including, but not limited to, the redemption price
with respect to the Securities called for redemption in accordance with Article 11 as provided in the Indenture), except payments
and distributions made by the Trustee as permitted by the first or second paragraph of Section 15.5, until all Senior Debt has
been paid in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt or such acceleration is rescinded in accordance
with the terms of this Indenture. If payment of the Securities is accelerated because of an Event of Default, the Company shall
promptly notify holders of Senior Debt of the acceleration.


 


In the event that, notwithstanding
the foregoing provisions, any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property
or securities (including, without limitation, by way of setoff or otherwise), prohibited by the foregoing, shall be received by
the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities before all Senior Debt is paid in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the
holders of such Senior Debt, or provision is made for such payment thereof in accordance with its terms in cash or other payment
satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, such payment or distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of and shall
be paid over or delivered to the holders of Senior Debt or their Representative or Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees
under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any Senior Debt may have been issued, as their respective interests
may appear, as calculated by the Company, for application to the payment of all Senior Debt remaining unpaid to the extent necessary
to pay all Senior Debt in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, after giving effect to
any concurrent payment or distribution to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.


 


Nothing in this Section
15.2 shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 6.7. This Section 15.2 shall be subject
to the further provisions of Section 15.5.


 


SECTION
15.3  SUBROGATION OF SECURITIES.


 


Subject to the payment
in full of all Senior Debt, the rights of the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or distributions
made to the holders of such Senior Debt pursuant to the provisions of this Article 15 (equally and ratably with the holders of
all indebtedness of the Company which by its express terms is subordinated to other indebtedness of the Company to substantially
the same extent as the Securities are subordinated and is entitled to like rights of subrogation) to the rights of the holders
of Senior Debt to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Debt
until the principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be paid in full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation,
no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the
Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article 15, and no payment over pursuant to the provisions
of this Article 15, to or for the benefit of the holders of Senior Debt by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as
between the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment
by the Company to or on account of the Senior Debt; and no payments or distributions of cash, property or securities to or for
the benefit of the Holders of the Securities pursuant to the subrogation provisions of this Article 15, which would otherwise have
been paid to the holders of Senior Debt shall be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or for the account of the Securities.
It is understood that the provisions of this Article 15 are and are intended solely for the purposes of defining the relative rights
of the Holders of the Securities, on the one hand, and the holders of the Senior Debt, on the other hand.


 


Nothing contained in this
Article 15 or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its creditors
other than the holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the Securities, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and
unconditional, to pay to the Holders of the Securities the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities as
and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights
of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein
or therein prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Security from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law
upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article 15 of the holders of Senior Debt in respect
of cash, property or securities of the Company received upon the exercise of any such remedy.


 






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Upon any payment or distribution
of assets of the Company referred to in this Article 15, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, and the Holders
of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such
bankruptcy, dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending, or a certificate of the receiver, trustee
in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the
Holders of the Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders
of the Senior Debt and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto
or to this Article 15.


 


SECTION
15.4  AUTHORIZATION TO EFFECT SUBORDINATION.


 


Each Holder of a Security
by the holder’s acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on the holder’s behalf to take such action as
may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination as provided in this Article 15 and appoints the Trustee to act
as the holder’s attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. If the Trustee does not file a proper proof of claim or proof
of debt in the form required in any proceeding referred to in Section 5.4 hereof at least 30 days before the expiration of the
time to file such claim, the holders of any Senior Debt or their representatives are hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim
for and on behalf of the Holders of the Securities.


 


SECTION
15.5  NOTICE TO TRUSTEE.


 


The Company shall give
prompt written notice in the form of an Officers’ Certificate to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee and to any Paying Agent
of any fact known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment of monies to or by the Trustee or any Paying Agent
in respect of the Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Article 15. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article 15 or
any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which would
prohibit the making of any payment of monies to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities pursuant to the provisions of this
Article 15, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof at the Corporate Trust
Office from the Company (in the form of an Officers’ Certificate) or a Representative or a holder or holders of Senior Debt
or from any trustee therefor; and before the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section
6.1, shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided that if on a date not fewer than two Business
Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any such monies may become payable for any purpose (including, without limitation,
the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on any Security) the Trustee shall not have received, with respect
to such monies, the notice provided for in this Section 15.5, then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding,
the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such monies and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were
received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it on or after such prior date.


 


Notwithstanding anything
in this Article 15 to the contrary, nothing shall prevent any payment by the Trustee to the Holders of monies deposited with it
pursuant to Section 4.1, and any such payment shall not be subject to the provisions of Section 15.1 or 15.2.


 


The Trustee, subject to
the provisions of Section 6.1, shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Representative or a person
representing himself to be a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee on behalf of such holder) to establish that such notice has been
given by a Representative or a holder of Senior Debt or a trustee on behalf of any such holder or holders. The Trustee shall not
be required to make any payment or distribution to or on behalf of a holder of Senior Debt pursuant to this Article 15 unless it
has received satisfactory evidence as to the amount of Senior Debt held by such person, the extent to which such person is entitled
to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such person under this Article 15.


 






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SECTION
15.6  TRUSTEE’S RELATION TO SENIOR DEBT.


 


The Trustee in its individual
capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article 15 in respect of any Senior Debt at any time held by it,
to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any of its rights
as such holder.


 


With respect to the holders
of Senior Debt, the Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants and obligations as are specifically
set forth in this Article 15, and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to the holders of Senior Debt shall be read
into this Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt
and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the Trustee shall not be liable to any holder of Senior Debt (i) for any failure
to make any payments or distributions to such holders or (ii) if it shall pay over or deliver to Holders of Securities, the Company
or any other Person money or assets to which any holder of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this Article 15 or otherwise.


 


SECTION
15.7  NO IMPAIRMENT OF SUBORDINATION.


 


No right of any present
or future holder of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired
by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or
by any noncompliance by the Company, the Trustee or any Holder of Securities with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture,
regardless of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or otherwise be charged with.


 


SECTION
15.8  CERTAIN CONVERSIONS/EXCHANGES DEEMED PAYMENT.


 


For the purposes of this
Article 15 only, (1) the issuance and delivery of junior securities upon conversion or exchange of Securities in accordance with
Article 14 or otherwise (except upon conversion of the Securities in accordance with their terms) shall not be deemed to constitute
a payment or distribution on account of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on Securities or on account of the purchase
or other acquisition of Securities, and (2) the payment, issuance or delivery of cash (except in satisfaction of fractional shares
pursuant to Section 14.3), property or securities (other than junior securities) upon conversion or exchange of a Security shall
be deemed to constitute payment on account of the principal of such Security. For the purposes of this Section 15.8, the term “junior
securities” means (a) shares of any stock of any class of the Company, or (b) securities of the Company which are subordinated
in right of payment to all Senior Debt which may be outstanding at the time of issuance or delivery of such securities to substantially
the same extent as, or to a greater extent than, the Securities are so subordinated as provided in this Article. Nothing contained
in this Article 15 or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its
creditors other than holders of Senior Debt and the Holders of Securities, the right, which is absolute and unconditional, of the
Holder of any Security to convert such Security in accordance with Article 14.


 


SECTION
15.9  ARTICLE APPLICABLE TO PAYING AGENTS.


 


If at any time any Paying
Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term “Trustee”
as used in this Article shall (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent
within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article in addition to or in
place of the Trustee; provided, however, that the first paragraph of Section 15.5 shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate
of the Company if the Company or such Affiliate acts as Paying Agent.


 


The Trustee shall not be
responsible for the actions or inactions of any other Paying Agents (including the Company if acting as its own Paying Agent) and
shall have no control of any funds held by such other Paying Agents.


 


SECTION
15.10 SENIOR DEBT ENTITLED TO RELY.


 


The holders of Senior Debt
(including, without limitation, Designated Senior Debt) shall have the right to rely upon this Article 15, and no amendment or
modification of the provisions contained herein shall diminish the rights of such holders unless such holders shall have agreed
in writing thereto.


 






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SECTION
15.11 RELIANCE ON JUDICIAL ORDER OR CERTIFICATE OF LIQUIDATING
AGENT.


 


Upon any payment or distribution
of assets of the Company referred to in this Article, the Trustee and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree
entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution, winding up, liquidation, reorganization, assignment for
the benefit of creditors or marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company or bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other
like proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, custodian, receiver, assignee for
the benefit of creditors, agent or other person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders,
for the purpose of ascertaining the persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of Senior Debt
and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon
and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.


 


SECTION
15.12 TRUST MONIES NOT SUBORDINATED.


 


Notwithstanding anything
contained herein to the contrary, payments from money, U.S. Government Obligations and/or Foreign Government Obligations held in
trust under Article 4 or Article 13 by the Trustee for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities
shall not be subordinated to the prior payment in full of any Senior Debt of the Company or subject to the restrictions set forth
in this Article 15, and none of the Holders shall be obligated to pay over any such amount to the Company or any holder of Senior
Debt of the Company or any other creditor of the Company.


 


[The remainder of this page is intentionally
left blank.]


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the
parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.


 


	 	MMTEC, INC.
	 	 
	 	By:	      
	 	Title:	 


 


	 	 
	 	as Trustee


 


	 	By:	     
	 	Title:	 


 




 


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