Calendar No. 143

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 1944

[Report No. 103–98]

AN ACT

To provide for additional development at War in

other purposes.the Pacific National Historical Park, and for

JULY 16 (legislative day, JUNE 30), 1993

Reported with an amendment
II

Calendar No. 143

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 1944

[Report No. 103–98]

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

JUNE 22, 1993

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural

Resources

JULY 16 (legislative day, JUNE 30), 1993

Reported by Mr. JOHNSTON, with an amendment

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]

AN ACT

To provide for additional development at War in the Pacific

National Historical Park, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

4 Congress finds that—

5 (1) June 15 through August 10, 1994, marks

6 the 50th anniversary of the Mariana campaign of

7 World War II in which American forces captured the

8 islands of Saipan and Tinian in the Northern Mari-
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1 anas and liberated the United States Territory of

2 Guam from Japanese occupation;

3 (2) an attack during this campaign by the Jap4 anese Imperial fleet, aimed at countering the Amer5 ican forces that had landed on Saipan, led to the

6 battle of the Philippine Sea, which resulted in a

7 crushing defeat for the Japanese by United States

8 naval forces and the destruction of the effectiveness

9 of the Japanese carrier-based airpower;

10 (3) the recapture of Guam liberated one of the

11 few pieces of United States territory that was occu12 pied for two and one-half years by the enemy during

13 World War II and restored freedom to the indige14 nous Chamorros on Guam who suffered as a result

15 of the Japanese occupation;

16 (4) Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast

17 Guard units distinguished themselves with their he18 roic bravery and sacrifice;

19 (5) the Guam Insular Force Guard, the Guam

20 militia, and the people of Guam earned the highest

21 respect for their defense of the island during the

22 Japanese invasion and their resistance during the

23 occupation; their assistance to the American forces

24 as scouts for the American invasion was invaluable;

25 and their role, as members of the Guam Combat Pa-
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1 trol, was instrumental in seeking out the remaining

2 Japanese forces and restoring peace to the island;

3 (6) during the occupation, the people of

4 Guam—

5 (A) were forcibly removed from their

6 homes;

7 (B) were relocated to remote sections of

8 the island;

9 (C) were required to perform forced labor

10 and faced other harsh treatment, injustices, and

11 death; and

12 (D) were placed in concentration camps

13 when the American invasion became imminent

14 and were brutalized by their occupiers when the

15 liberation of Guam became apparent to the

16 Japanese;

17 (7) the liberation of the Mariana Islands

18 marked a pivotal point in the Pacific war and led to

19 the American victories at Iwo Jima, Okinawa, the

20 Philippines, Taiwan, and the south China coast, and

21 ultimately against the Japanese home islands;

22 (8) the Mariana Islands of Guam, Saipan, and

23 Tinian provided, for the first time during the war,

24 air bases which allowed land-based American bomb25 ers to reach strategic targets in Japan; and
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1 (9) the air offensive conducted from the Mari2 anas against the Japanese war-making capability

3 helped shorten the war and ultimately reduced the

4 toll of lives to secure peace in the Pacific.

5 SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

6 It is the sense of Congress that—

7 (1) an appropriate commemoration of the 50th

8 anniversary of the Mariana campaign should be

9 planned by the United States in conjunction with

10 the Government of Guam and the Government of the

11 Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands;

12 (2) the Secretary of the Interior should take all

13 necessary steps to ensure that appropriate visitor fa14 cilities at War in the Pacific National Historical

15 Park on Guam are expeditiously developed and con16 structed; and

17 (3) the Secretary of the Interior should take all

18 necessary steps to ensure that the monument ref19 erenced in section 3(b) is completed before July 21,

20 1994, for the 50th anniversary commemoration, to

21 provide adequate historical interpretation of the

22 events described in section 1.

23 SEC. 3. WAR IN THE PACIFIC NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK.

24 (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Sub25 section (k) of section 6 of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to
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1 authorize appropriations for certain insular areas of the

2 United States, and for other purposes’’, approved August

3 18, 1978 (92 Stat. 493; 16 U.S.C. 410dd) is amended

4 by striking ‘‘$500,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$8,000,000’’.

5 (b) DEVELOPMENT.—Section 6 is further amended

6 by adding at the end the following subsections:

7 ‘‘(l) Within the boundaries of the park, the Secretary

8 is authorized to construct a monument which shall com9 memorate, by individual name, those people of Guam, liv10 ing and dead, who suffered personal injury, forced labor,

11 forced marches, internment or death incident to enemy oc12 cupation of Guam between December 8, 1941, and August

13 10, 1944.

14 ‘‘(m) Within the boundaries of the park, the Sec15 retary is authorized to implement programs to interpret

16 experiences of the people of Guam during World War II,

17 including, but not limited to, oral histories of those people

18 of Guam who experienced the occupation.

19 ‘‘(n) Within six months after the date of enactment

20 of this subsection, the Secretary, through the Director of

21 the National Park Service, shall develop and transmit to

22 the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the

23 Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the

24 House of Representatives a report containing updated cost

25 estimates for the development of the park. Further, this
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1 report shall contain a general plan to implement sub2 sections (l) and (m), including, at a minimum, cost esti3 mates for the design and construction of the monument

4 authorized in section (l).

5 ‘‘(o) Within six months after the date of enactment

6 of this subsection, the Secretary, through the Assistant

7 Secretary of Territorial and International Affairs, shall

8 compile and transmit to the Committee on Energy and

9 Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on

10 Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a list

11 of names to appear on the monument authorized in sub12 section (l).

13 ‘‘(p) The Secretary may take such steps as may be

14 necessary to preserve and protect various World War II

15 vintage weapons and fortifications which exist within the

16 boundaries of the park.’’.

17 SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

18 Congress finds that—

19 (1) June 15 through August 10, 1994, marks the

20 50th anniversary of the Mariana campaign of World

21 War II in which United States forces captured the

22 Japanese islands of Saipan and Tinian and liberated

23 the United States Territory of Guam from Japan;

24 (2) an attack during this campaign by the Japa25 nese combined fleet, aimed at annihilating the United
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1 States forces that had landed on Saipan, led to the

2 battle of the Philippine Sea, which resulted in a

3 crushing defeat for the Japanese by United States

4 naval forces and the destruction of the effectiveness of

5 the Japanese carrier-based airpower;

6 (3) the recapture of Guam liberated one of the

7 few pieces of United States territory that was occu8 pied by the enemy during World War II and restored

9 United States Government to more than 20,000 na10 tive Guamanians;

11 (4) units of the United States Army, Navy, Ma12 rine Corps, and Coast Guard fought with great brav13 ery and sacrifice, suffering casualties of approxi14 mately 5,700 killed and missing and 21,900 wounded

15 in action;

16 (5) United States forces succeeded in destroying

17 all Japanese garrisons in Saipan, Tinian, and

18 Guam, which resulted in Japanese military casualties

19 of 54,000 dead and 21,900 taken prisoner;

20 (6) Guamanians, notably members of the Navy

21 Insular Force Guard and volunteer militia, bravely

22 resisted the invasion and occupation of their island,

23 and ultimately assisted in the expulsion of Japanese

24 forces from Guam;
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1 (7) at the hands of the Japanese, the people of

2 Guam—

3 (A) were forcibly removed from their homes;

4 (B) were relocated to remote sections of the

5 island;

6 (C) were required to perform forced labor

7 and faced other harsh treatment, injustices, and

8 death; and

9 (D) were eventually placed in concentration

10 camps and subjected to retribution when the lib11 eration of their island became apparent to the

12 Japanese;

13 (8) the seizure of the Mariana Islands severed

14 Japanese lines of communication between Japan

15 proper and those remaining Japanese bases and forces

16 in the Central Pacific south of the Mariana Islands

17 and in the South Pacific as well;

18 (9) the Mariana Islands provided large island

19 areas on which advance bases could be constructed to

20 support further operations against Japanese posses21 sions and conquered territories such as Iwo Jima and

22 Okinawa, the Philippines, Taiwan, and the south

23 China coast, and ultimately against the Japanese

24 home islands;
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1 (10) the Mariana Islands provided, for the first

2 time during the war, island air bases from which

3 United States land-based airpower could reach Japan

4 itself; and

5 (11) the air offensive staged from the Mariana

6 Islands against Japanese cities and economic infra7 structure helped shorten the war and vitiate the need

8 for the invasion and capture of the Japanese home is9 lands.

10 SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

11 It is the sense of Congress that—

12 (1) an appropriate commemoration of the 50th

13 anniversary of the Mariana campaign should be

14 planned; and

15 (2) the Secretary of the Interior should take all

16 necessary steps to ensure that two visitors centers to

17 provide appropriate facilities for the interpretation of

18 the events described in section 1 are completed, one at

19 the War in the Pacific National Historical Park and

20 one at the American Memorial Park, before June 15,

21 1994, the beginning of the 50th anniversary of the

22 campaign.

23 SEC. 3. WAR IN THE PACIFIC NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK.

24 Section 6(k) of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to authorize

25 appropriations for certain insular areas of the United
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1 States, and for other purposes’’, approved August 18, 1978

2 (92 Stat. 493; 16 U.S.C. 410 dd(k)), is amended by striking

3 ‘‘$500,000’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘$8,000,000’’.

4 SEC. 4. AMERICAN MEMORIAL PARK.

5 Section 5(g) of the Act entitled ‘‘An Act to authorize

6 appropriations for certain insular areas of the United

7 States, and for other purposes’’, approved August 18, 1978

8 (92 Stat. 492), is amended by striking ‘‘$3,000,000’’ and

9 inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘$8,000,000’’.

Passed the House of Representatives June 21, 1993.

Attest: DONNALD K. ANDERSON,

Clerk.