# Patent

## Title
Communication connector having a contact module stack

## Abstract

A contact module stack includes signal contact modules and ground contact modules flanking the signal contact modules in a ground-signal-signal-ground contact module arrangement. The signal contact modules each include signal leadframes and signal dielectric bodies. The ground contact modules each include ground leadframes and ground dielectric bodies. The ground leadframes each have at least one ground contact. Each ground dielectric body has a low loss layer on a first side of the ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the ground leadframe. The lossy layer and the low loss layer substantially enclose a transition portion of the ground contact. The lossy layers are manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material. The lossy layers absorb electrical resonance propagating through the contact module stack.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The subject matter herein relates generally to communication connectors.
Some electrical connector systems utilize communication connectors to interconnect various components of the system for data communication. Some known communication connectors have performance problems, particularly when transmitting at high data rates. For example, the communication connectors typically utilize differential pair signal conductors to transfer high speed signals. Ground conductors improve signal integrity. However, electrical performance of known communication connectors, when transmitting the high data rates, is inhibited by noise from cross-talk and return loss. Such issues are more problematic with small pitch high speed data connectors, which are noisy and exhibit higher than desirable return loss due to the close proximity of signal and ground contacts. Energy from ground contacts on either side of the signal pair may be reflected in the space between the ground contacts and such noise results in reduced connector performance and throughput.
A need remains for a high density, high speed electrical connector assembly having reliable performance.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In an embodiment, a contact module stack is provided including first and second signal contact modules and first and second ground contact modules flanking the first and second signal contact modules such that the contact module stack has a ground-signal-signal-ground contact module arrangement. The first and second signal contact modules each include corresponding first and second signal leadframes and first and second signal dielectric bodies holding the first and second signal leadframes. The first and second signal leadframes each having plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends. The first and second signal dielectric bodies substantially enclosing the transition portions. The first and second ground contact modules each include corresponding first and second ground leadframes and first and second ground dielectric bodies holding the first and second ground leadframes. The first and second ground leadframes each have at least one ground contact extending between a corresponding mating end and terminating end with a transition portion between the mating and terminating ends. The first ground dielectric body has a low loss layer on a first side of the first ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the first ground leadframe. The lossy layer and the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body substantially encloses the transition portion of the at least one ground contact of the first ground leadframe. The second ground dielectric body has a low loss layer on a first side of the second ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the second ground leadframe. The lossy layer and the low loss layer of the second ground dielectric body substantially enclose the transition portion of the at least one ground contact of the second ground leadframe. The lossy layers are manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, the lossy layers absorbing electrical resonance propagating through the contact module stack.
In another embodiment, a communication connector is provided including a housing having a mating end and a loading end. The housing has a cavity open at the loading end. A contact module stack is loaded into the cavity of the housing through the loading end. The contact module stack includes at least one signal contact module each including a signal leadframe and a dielectric body holding the signal leadframes. The signal leadframe has plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends. The dielectric body substantially encloses the transition portions. The contact module stack includes at least one ground contact module stacked adjacent the corresponding signal contact module. Each ground contact module includes a ground leadframe and a ground dielectric body holding the ground leadframe. The ground leadframe has at least one ground contact extending between a mating end and a terminating end with a transition portion between the mating and terminating ends. The ground dielectric body has a low loss layer on a first side of the first ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the first ground leadframe. The lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body substantially enclose the transition portion of the at least one ground contact. The lossy layer is manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material. The lossy layer absorbs electrical resonance propagating through the communication connector.
In a further embodiment, a communication connector is provided including a housing having a mating end and a loading end. The housing has a cavity open at the loading end. The housing has an upper extension portion and a lower extension portion defining upper and lower circuit card receiving slots configured to receive corresponding circuit cards. A contact module stack is loaded into the cavity of the housing through the loading end. The contact module stack includes at least one signal contact module each including a signal leadframe and a dielectric body holding the signal leadframe. The signal leadframe has plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends. The mating ends extend into corresponding upper and lower extension portions and are positioned in the circuit card receiving slots for interfacing with the corresponding circuit cards. The dielectric body substantially encloses the transition portions. The contact module stack includes at least one ground contact module stacked adjacent the corresponding signal contact module. Each ground contact module includes a ground leadframe and a ground dielectric body holding the ground leadframe. The ground leadframe has ground contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends. The mating ends extend into corresponding upper and lower extension portions and are positioned in the circuit card receiving slots for interfacing with the corresponding circuit cards. The ground dielectric body has a low loss layer on a first side of the first ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the first ground leadframe. The lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body substantially enclose the transition portion of the at least one ground contact. The lossy layer is manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material. The lossy layer absorbs electrical resonance propagating through the communication connector.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrical connector system formed in accordance with an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of an electrical connector assembly formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of a communication connector of the electrical connector assembly shown in FIG. 2 and formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a ground contact module for the communication connector and formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the ground contact module shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of a contact module stack showing ground contact modules and signal contact modules.
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the contact module stack showing the ground contact modules and the signal contact modules.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a ground contact module formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the ground contact module shown in FIG. 8.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrical connector system 10 formed in accordance with an embodiment. The electrical connector system 10 includes a first communication connector 12 and a second communication connector 14 that are configured to be directly mated together. The electrical connector system 10 may be disposed on or in an electrical component, such as a server, a computer, a router, or the like.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first communication connector 12 and the second communication connector 14 are configured to be electrically connected to respective first and second circuit boards 16, 18. The first and second communication connectors 12, 14 are utilized to provide a signal transmission path to electrically connect the circuit boards 16, 18 to one another at a separable mating interface.
The communication connector 12 includes a housing 20 holding a contact module stack 22 comprising a plurality of signal contact modules 24 and a plurality of ground contact modules 26 in a stacked arrangement. The contact modules 24, 26 may be wafers. In an exemplary embodiment, the signal and ground contact modules 24, 26 are arranged in a ground-signal-signal-ground arrangement with pairs of signal contact modules 24 flanked by ground contact modules 26. The signal contact modules 24 have pairs of contacts (for example, arranged in differential pairs) and the ground contact modules 26 provide shielding for the signal contact modules 24. Optionally, the signal contact modules 24 are high-speed signal contact modules transmitting high speed data signals. Optionally, at least some of the signal contact modules 24 may be low-speed signal contact modules transmitting lower speed signals, such as control signals. The housing 20 includes multiple walls that define a cavity 30 that receives the contact module stack 22. The housing 20 extends between a mating end 32 and a mounting end 34, which is mounted to the circuit board 16. The cavity 30 is open at a loading end 36 to receive the contact module stack 22.
In an exemplary embodiment, the contact module stack 22 includes lossy material configured to absorb at least some electrical resonance that propagates along the current paths defined by the signal contacts and/or the ground contacts through the communication connector 12. For example, the lossy material may be provided in the ground contact modules 26. The lossy material provides lossy conductivity and/or magnetic lossiness through a portion of the communication connector 12. The lossy material is able to conduct electrical energy, but with at least some loss. The lossy material is less conductive than conductive material, such as the conductive material of the contacts. The lossy material may be designed to provide electrical loss in a certain, targeted frequency range. The lossy material may include conductive particles (or fillers) dispersed within a dielectric (binder) material. The dielectric material, such as a polymer or epoxy, is used as a binder to hold the conductive particle filler elements in place. These conductive particle filler elements then impart loss that converts the dielectric material to a lossy material. In some embodiments, the lossy material is formed by mixing binder with filler that includes conductive particles. Examples of conductive particles that may be used as a filler to form electrically lossy materials include carbon or graphite formed as fibers, flakes, or other particles. Metal in the form of powder, flakes, fibers, or other conductive particles may also be used to provide suitable lossy properties. Alternatively, combinations of fillers may be used. For example, metal plated (or coated) particles may be used. Silver and nickel may also be used to plate particles. Plated (or coated) particles may be used alone or in combination with other fillers, such as carbon flakes. In some embodiments, the fillers may be present in a sufficient volume percentage to allow conducting paths to be created from particle to particle. For example when metal fiber is used, the fiber may be present at an amount up to 40% by volume or more. The lossy material may be magnetically lossy and/or electrically lossy. For example, the lossy material may be formed of a binder material with magnetic particles dispersed therein to provide magnetic properties. The magnetic particles may be in the form of flakes, fibers, or the like. Materials such as magnesium ferrite, nickel ferrite, lithium ferrite, yttrium garnet and/or aluminum garnet may be used as magnetic particles. In some embodiments, the lossy material may simultaneously be an electrically-lossy material and a magnetically-lossy material. Such lossy materials may be formed, for example, by using magnetically-lossy filler particles that are partially conductive or by using a combination of magnetically-lossy and electrically-lossy filler particles
As used herein, the term “binder” encompasses material that encapsulates the filler or is impregnated with the filler. The binder material may be any material that will set, cure, or can otherwise be used to position the filler material. In some embodiments, the binder may be a thermoplastic material such as those traditionally used in the manufacture of communication connectors. The thermoplastic material may be molded, such as molding of the ground contact modules 26 into the desired shape and/or location. However, many alternative forms of binder materials may be used. Curable materials, such as epoxies, can serve as a binder. Alternatively, materials such as thermosetting resins or adhesives may be used.
Optionally, the communication connector 14 may be similar to the communication connector 12. For example, the communication connector 14 may include a contact module stack similar to the contact module stack 22 and may include ground contact modules with lossy material. In other various embodiments, the communication connector 14 may be another type of connector. For example, the communication connector 14 may be a high speed transceiver module having a circuit card configured to mate with the communication connector 12. In such embodiments, the communication connector 14 does not include a contact module stack.
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of an electrical connector assembly 100 formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The electrical connector assembly 100 includes a cage member 102 and a communication connector 104 (shown schematically in FIG. 2, also illustrated in FIG. 3) received in the cage member 102. Pluggable modules 106 are loaded into the cage member 102 for mating with the communication connector 104. The cage member 102 and communication connector 104 are intended for placement on and electrical connection to a circuit board 107, such as a motherboard. The communication connector 104 is arranged within the cage member 102 for mating engagement with the pluggable modules 106. In an exemplary embodiment, the pluggable module 106 includes a circuit card (not shown) configured to be plugged into the communication connector 104.
The cage member 102 is a shielding, stamped and formed cage member that includes a plurality of shielding walls 108 that define multiple ports 110, 112 for receipt of the pluggable modules 106. In the illustrated embodiment, the cage member 102 constitutes a stacked cage member having the ports 110, 112 in a stacked configuration. Any number of ports may be provided in alternative embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, the cage member 102 includes the ports 110, 112 arranged in a single column, however, the cage member 102 may include multiple columns of ganged ports 110, 112 in alternative embodiments (for example, 2×2, 3×2, 4×2, 4×3, etc.). The communication connector 104 is configured to mate with the pluggable modules 106 in both stacked ports 110, 112. Optionally, multiple communication connectors 104 may be arranged within the cage member 102, such as when multiple ports are provided.
FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of the communication connector 104 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The communication connector 104 includes a housing 120 holding a contact module stack 150. The housing 120 is defined by an upstanding body portion 122 having a top 123, sides 124, a loading end 126, a mounting end 128 configured to be mounted to the circuit board 107 (shown in FIG. 2), and a mating end 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the mating end 130 is located at a front, the loading end 126 is located at the rear opposite the mating end 130, and the mounting end 128 is located at a bottom of the housing 120; however, other configurations are possible in alternative embodiments. The body portion 122 may be molded from a dielectric material, such as a plastic material, to rum the housing 120, The housing 120 has a cavity 131 open at the loading end 126 configured to receive the contact module stack 150.
Upper and lower extension portions 132 and 134 extend from the body portion 122 to define a stepped mating face. A recessed face 136 is provided between the extension portions 132, 134. For a single port cage member, the communication connector 104 may only include a single extension portion. Circuit card receiving slots 140 and 142 extend inwardly from the mating face of each of the respective upper and lower extension portions 132, 134, and extend inwardly to the body portion 122. The circuit card receiving slots 140, 142 are configured to receive card edges of circuit cards of the corresponding pluggable modules 106 (shown in FIG. 2). A plurality of contacts 164, 174 of the contact module stack 150 are exposed within the circuit card receiving slots 140, 142 for mating with contact pads on the circuit card of the corresponding pluggable module 106. The contacts 164, 174 have tails that extend from the mounting end 128 for termination to the circuit board 107. For example, the tails of the contacts 164, 174 may constitute pins that are received in plated vias of the motherboard. Alternatively, the tails of the contacts 164, 174 may be terminated to the circuit board 107 in another manner, such as by surface mounting to the circuit board 107.
The contact module stack 150 includes signal contact modules 152 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7) and ground contact modules 154 providing electrical shielding for the signal contact modules 152. Optionally, the ground contact modules 154 may flank and be positioned between pairs of signal contact modules 152, such as in a ground-signal-signal-ground contact module arrangement. Any number of signal and ground contact modules 152, 154 may be provided in the contact module stack 150 and may be positioned in any order. The signal contact modules 152 each include a signal leadframe 160 (shown in FIG. 7) and a signal dielectric body 162 (shown in FIG. 7). The ground contact modules 154 each include a ground leadframe 170 (shown in FIG. 5) and a ground dielectric body 172 (shown in FIG. 5).
In an exemplary embodiment, each ground dielectric body 172 includes lossy material configured to absorb at least some electrical resonance that propagates along the signal leadframe 160 and/or the ground leadframe 170. For example, the lossy material may form part of the ground dielectric body 172. At least a portion of the ground dielectric body 172 may be molded using lossy material. The lossy material provides lossy conductivity and/or magnetic lossiness through a portion of the ground contact module 154. The lossy material is able to conduct electrical energy, but with at least some loss. The lossy material is less conductive than conductive material, such as the conductive material of the ground leadframe 170. The lossy material may be designed to provide electrical loss in a certain, targeted frequency range. The lossy material may include conductive particles (or fillers) dispersed within a dielectric (binder) material. The dielectric material, such as a polymer or epoxy, is used as a binder to hold the conductive particle filler elements in place. These conductive particle filler elements then impart loss that converts the dielectric material to lossy material. In some embodiments, the lossy material is formed by mixing binder with filler that includes conductive particles. Examples of conductive particles that may be used as a filler to form electrically lossy materials include carbon or graphite formed as fibers, flakes, or other particles. Metal in the form of powder, flakes, fibers, or other conductive particles may also be used to provide suitable lossy properties. Alternatively, combinations of fillers may be used. For example, metal plated (or coated) particles may be used. Silver and nickel may also be used to plate particles. Plated (or coated) particles may be used alone or in combination with other fillers, such as carbon flakes. In some embodiments, the fillers may be present in a sufficient volume percentage to allow conducting paths to be created from particle to particle. For example when metal fiber is used, the fiber may be present at an amount up to 40% by volume or more.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the ground contact module 154 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the ground contact module 154. The ground leadframe 170 includes at least one ground contact 174 extending between a mating end 176 and a terminating end 178 with a transition portion 179 between the mating and terminating ends 176, 178. In the illustrated embodiment, the mating end 176 is at the front of the ground contact module 154 and the terminating end 178 is at the bottom of the contact module 154. The transition portion 179 transitions 90° between the mating and terminating ends 176, 178. Other configurations are possible in alternative embodiments. The mating end 176 is configured to mate with the pluggable module 106 (shown in FIG. 2), such as with the circuit card of the pluggable module 106. The terminating end 178 is configured to be terminated to the circuit board 107 (shown in FIG. 2), such as using compliant pins press fit into plated vias of the circuit board 107 or surface tails surface mounted to the circuit board 107. The terminating ends 178 may be terminated in other ways in alternative embodiments to the circuit board or to another component, such as to ends of wires or cables.
The ground dielectric body 172 encases the ground leadframe 170, such as the transition portions 179. In an exemplary embodiment, the mating ends 176 extend forward of the ground dielectric body 172 and the terminating ends 178 extend below the ground dielectric body 172. The ground dielectric body 172 may be an overmolded dielectric body overmolded over the ground leadframe 170. Alternatively, the ground dielectric body 172 may be pre-molded pieces coupled together around the ground leadframe 170.
In an exemplary embodiment, the ground dielectric body 172 includes lossy material. For example, the ground dielectric body 172 includes at least one low loss layer 180 and at least one lossy layer 182. The lossy layer 182 is manufactured from lossy material, such as lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, which absorbs and dissipates electrical resonance propagating through the ground contact module 154. The lossy material has dielectric properties that vary with frequency. The low loss layer 180 is manufactured from a low loss dielectric material, such as a plastic material. The low loss dielectric material has dielectric properties that have relatively little variation with frequency. The lossy layer(s) 182 and the low loss layer(s) 180 substantially enclose the transition portions 179 of the ground contact 174. In the illustrated embodiment, the ground dielectric body 172 includes a single low loss layer 180 on a first side 184 and a single lossy layer 182 on a second side 186; however, other embodiments may include two low loss layers 180 positioned on the first and second sides 184, 186 and/or two lossy layers 182 positioned on the first and second sides 184, 186.
In an exemplary embodiment, the low loss layer 180 directly engages the transition portion 179 of the ground contact 174, such as at the first side 184, and the lossy layer 182 directly engages the transition portion 179 of the ground contact 174, such as at the second side 186. The low loss layer 180 and/or the lossy layer 182 may directly engage the edges of the transition portion 179 between the sides 184, 186. The low loss layer 180 and the lossy layer 182 may form overmolded layers of the ground dielectric body 172. For example, the low loss layer 180 and the lossy layer 182 may be overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 in a multistage overmolding process. Optionally, the lossy layer 182 may be overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 first and then the low loss layer 180 may be overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 and/or the lossy layer 182. Alternatively, the low loss layer 180 may be overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 first and then the lossy layer 182 may be overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 at the other side. The overmolding is a multi-shot overmolding, such as a two-stage molding. If other layers are used, the overmolding may be performed in more stages. In other various embodiments, rather than being overmolded together, the lossy layer 182 and the low loss layer 180 may be separately molded, such as with the lossy layer 182 being overmolded over the ground leadframe 170 and the low loss layer 180 being separately molded, and then the lossy layer 182 and the low loss layer 180 may be laminated or otherwise coupled together.
Electrical performance of the communication connector 104 is enhanced by the inclusion of the lossy material in the ground contact modules 154. For example, at various data rates, including high data rates, return loss is inhibited by the lossy layers 182. For example, the return loss of the small pitch, high speed data of the contact module stack 150 due to the close proximity of signal and ground contacts 164, 174 is reduced by the lossy layers 182. For example, energy from the ground contacts 174 on either side of the signal pair reflected in the space between the ground contacts 174 is absorbed, and thus connector performance and throughput is enhanced.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the contact module stack 150 showing first and second ground contact modules 154 flanking first and second signal contact modules 152. FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the contact module stack 150 showing the ground contact modules 154 and the signal contact modules 152. Any number of the signal and ground contact modules 152, 154 may be stacked together.
The signal leadframe 160 includes at least one signal contact 164 extending between a mating end 166 and terminating end 168 with a transition portion between the mating and terminating ends 166, 168. In the illustrated embodiment, the mating end 166 is at the front of the signal contact module 152 and the terminating end 168 is at the bottom of the signal contact module 152. The transition portion transitions 90° between the mating and terminating ends 166, 168. Other configurations are possible in alternative embodiments. The mating end 166 is configured to mate with the pluggable module 106 (shown in FIG. 2), such as with the circuit card of the pluggable module 106. The terminating end 168 is configured to be terminated to the circuit board 107 (shown in FIG. 2), such as using compliant pins press fit into plated vias of the circuit board 107 or surface tails surface mounted to the circuit board 107. The terminating ends 168 may be terminated in other ways in alternative embodiments to the circuit board or to another component, such as to ends of wires or cables.
The signal dielectric body 162 encases the transition portions of the signal leadframe 160. The signal dielectric body 162 may be an overmolded dielectric body overmolded over the signal leadframe 160. Alternatively, the signal dielectric body 162 may be pre-molded pieces coupled together around the signal leadframe 160.
In the illustrated embodiment, the low loss layers 180 of the ground contact modules 154 face the signal contact modules 152. Alternatively, the lossy layers 182 of the ground contact modules 154 may face the signal contact modules 152. In other various embodiments, low loss layers 180 may be provided on both exterior sides of the ground contact modules 154 such that the low loss layers 180 encase the lossy layer 182 and define the exterior sides of the ground contact modules 154.
The ground leadframes 170 include barbs 190 extending forward from the front edges of the ground dielectric bodies 172. The barbs 190 may be loaded into corresponding slots in the housing 120 (shown in FIG. 3) to align and/or secure the ground contact modules 154 in the housing 120.
The signal and ground contact modules 152, 154 include retention features 192, 194, respectively, that cooperate to secure the signal and ground contact modules 152, 154 together. For example, the retention features 192 and/or 194 may be posts, openings or other features that align and/or secure the signal dielectric bodies 162 together and align and/or secure the ground dielectric bodies 172 to the signal dielectric bodies 162.
When the contact module stack 150 is assembled, the ground contact modules 154 provide electrical shielding for the signal contact modules 152. The conductive ground contacts 174 provide electrical shielding to shield the pairs of signal contacts 164 from other pairs of signal contacts 164, such as signal contacts in another part of the contact module stack 150 (for example, on the opposite side of one or both of the ground contact modules 154). The electrical shielding improves electrical performance of the communication connector 104 (shown in FIG. 3). The lossy material of the lossy layers 182 further improves electrical performance of the communication connector 104 by absorbing electrical resonance propagating through the contact module stack 150. The lossy material lowers the energy reflected along the signal and/or ground contacts 174, 164, thus improving performance.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a ground contact module 254 formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the ground contact module 254. The ground contact module 254 may be used in place of the ground contact module 154 (shown in FIG. 6). The ground contact module 254 includes a ground leadframe 270 and ground dielectric bodies 272. The ground leadframe 270 includes at least one ground contact 274 extending between a mating end 276 and terminating end 278 with a transition portion 279 between the mating and terminating ends 276, 278. In an exemplary embodiment, each ground dielectric body 272 includes lossy material configured to absorb at least some electrical resonance that propagates along the ground leadframe 270.
The ground dielectric body 272 encases the ground leadframe 270, such as the transition portions 279. The ground dielectric body 272 may be an overmolded dielectric body overmolded over the ground leadframe 270. Alternatively, the ground dielectric body 272 may be pre-molded pieces coupled together around the ground leadframe 270.
In an exemplary embodiment, the ground dielectric body 272 includes lossy material. For example, the ground dielectric body 272 includes a pair of low loss layers 280 provided on both sides of a lossy layer 282; however multiple lossy layers 282 may be provided, such as on opposite sides of the ground leadframe 270. In the illustrated embodiment, the lossy layer 282 encases the transition portions 279 of the ground leadframe 270 and is provided on both sides thereof. The low loss layers 280 are outside of the lossy layer 282 on both sides thereof. The lossy layer 282 is manufactured from lossy material, such as lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, which absorbs and dissipates electrical resonance propagating along the ground contact module 254. The low loss layers 280 are manufactured from a low loss dielectric material, such as a plastic material. The lossy layer 282 and the low loss layers 280 substantially enclose the transition portions 279 of the ground contact 274.
The lossy layer 282 is overmolded over the ground leadframe 270 and directly engages the transition portions 279 of the ground contacts 274, such as at first and second sides 284, 286. The low loss layers 280 may then be overmolded over the lossy layer 282. The overmolding is a multi-shot overmolding. In other various embodiments, rather than being overmolded together, the lossy layer 282 and the low loss layers 280 may be separately molded, such as with the lossy layer 282 being overmolded over the ground leadframe 270 and then the low loss layers 280 being laminated or otherwise coupled to the lossy layer 282.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Dimensions, types of materials, orientations of the various components, and the number and positions of the various components described herein are intended to define parameters of certain embodiments, and are by no means limiting and are merely exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments and modifications within the spirit and scope of the claims will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.” Moreover, in the following claims, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means-plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. §112(f), unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.

## Claims

1. A contact module stack comprising:
first and second signal contact modules each including a corresponding first and second signal leadframe and a corresponding first and second signal dielectric body holding the corresponding first and second signal leadframe, the first and second signal leadframes each having plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends, the first and second signal dielectric bodies substantially enclosing the transition portions; and
first and second ground contact modules flanking the first and second signal contact modules such that the contact module stack has a ground-signal-signal-ground contact module arrangement, the first and second ground contact modules each including a corresponding first and second ground leadframe and a corresponding first and second ground dielectric body holding the corresponding first and second ground leadframe, the first and second ground leadframes each having at least one ground contact extending between a corresponding mating end and terminating end with a transition portion between the mating and terminating ends, the first ground dielectric body having a low loss layer on a first side of the first ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the first ground leadframe, the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portion of the at least one ground contact of the first ground leadframe, the second ground dielectric body having a low loss layer on a first side of the second ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the second ground leadframe, the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the second ground dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portion of the at least one ground contact of the second ground leadframe;
wherein the lossy layers are manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, the lossy layers absorbing electrical resonance propagating through the contact module stack.

2. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body directly engages the transition portion of the corresponding ground contact of the first ground leadframe.

3. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body is provided on the first side of the first ground leadframe between the first ground leadframe and the low loss layer.

4. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the first ground dielectric body includes a second low loss layer on the second side of the first ground leadframe, the lossy layer being positioned between the first ground leadframe and the second low loss layer.

5. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body form overmolded layers of the first ground dielectric body overmolded in a multistage overmolded.

6. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body are laminated together to in case the first ground leadframe.

7. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy material of the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body directly engages the second side of the transition portion of the ground contact of the first ground leadframe and the edges of the transition portion of the ground contact of the first ground leadframe.

8. The contact module stack of claim 7, wherein the lossy material of the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body directly engages the first side of the transition portion of the ground contact of the first ground leadframe.

9. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the low loss layers define outer layers of the first and second ground dielectric bodies, the low loss layers facing the first and second signal dielectric bodies.

10. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the first and second ground dielectric bodies include retention features and the first and second signal dielectric bodies include retention features cooperating with the retention features of the first and second ground dielectric bodies to secure the first and second ground contact modules and the first and second signal contact modules together in the contact module stack.

11. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body is molded around the first ground leadframe and then the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body is molded onto the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body and around the first ground leadframe.

12. The contact module stack of claim 1, wherein the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body is molded around the first ground leadframe and then the low loss layer of the first ground dielectric body is molded onto the lossy layer of the first ground dielectric body.

13. A communication connector comprising:
a housing having a mating end and a loading end, the housing having a cavity open at the loading end; and
a contact module stack loaded into the cavity of the housing through the loading end, the contact module stack comprising:
at least one signal contact module including a signal leadframe and a dielectric body holding the signal leadframe, the signal leadframe having plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends, the dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portions; and
at least one ground contact module stacked adjacent the at least one signal contact module, the at least one ground contact module including a ground leadframe and a ground dielectric body holding the ground leadframe, the ground leadframe having at least one ground contact extending between a mating end and a terminating end with a transition portion between the mating and terminating ends, the ground dielectric body having a low loss layer on a first side of the ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the ground leadframe, the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portion of the at least one ground contact, wherein the lossy layer is manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, the lossy layer absorbing electrical resonance propagating through the communication connector.

14. The communication connector of claim 13, wherein the lossy layer directly engages the transition portion of the at least one ground contact.

15. The communication connector of claim 13, wherein the lossy layer is provided on the first side of the ground leadframe between the ground leadframe and the low loss layer.

16. The communication connector of claim 13, wherein the low loss layer is a first low loss layer and the ground dielectric body includes a second low loss layer on the second side of the ground leadframe, the lossy layer being positioned between the ground leadframe and the second low loss layer.

17. The communication connector of claim 13, wherein the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body form overmolded layers of the ground dielectric body overmolded in a multistage overmold.

18. A communication connector comprising:
a housing having a mating end and a loading end, the housing having a cavity open at the loading end, the housing having an upper extension portion and a lower extension portion defining upper and lower circuit card receiving slots configured to receive corresponding circuit cards; and
a contact module stack loaded into the cavity of the housing through the loading end, the contact module stack comprising:
at least one signal contact module including a signal leadframe and a dielectric body holding the signal leadframe, the signal leadframe having plural signal contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends, the mating ends extending into corresponding upper and lower extension portions and being positioned in the circuit card receiving slots for interfacing with the corresponding circuit cards, the dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portions; and
at least one ground contact module stacked adjacent the at least one signal contact module, the at least one ground contact module including a ground leadframe and a ground dielectric body holding the ground leadframe, the ground leadframe having ground contacts extending between mating ends and terminating ends with transition portions between the mating and terminating ends, the mating ends extending into corresponding upper and lower extension portions and being positioned in the circuit card receiving slots for interfacing with the corresponding circuit cards, the ground dielectric body having a low loss layer on a first side of the first ground leadframe and a lossy layer on a second side of the first ground leadframe, the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body substantially enclosing the transition portion of the at least one ground contact, wherein the lossy layer is manufactured from lossy material having conductive particles in a dielectric binder material, the lossy layer absorbing electrical resonance propagating through the communication connector.

19. The communication connector of claim 18, wherein the lossy layer directly engages the transition portion of the corresponding ground contact.

20. The communication connector of claim 18, wherein the lossy layer and the low loss layer of the ground dielectric body form overmolded layers of the ground dielectric body overmolded in a multistage overmold.