United States Department of Agriculture 

Forest Service 

Photo of Eldorado National Forest, CA 

Fiscal Year 2010 

President’s Budget 

Budget Justification
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

USDA Forest Service 

FY 2010 Budget Justification 

Table of Contents 

Page

Overview / Highlights............................................................................... 1-1

Budget at a Glance.................................................................................. 2-1

Strategic Plan and Performance Management............................................................... 3-1

Appropriation Language Changes............................................................... 4-1

Forest and Rangeland Research.................................................................. 5-1

State and Private Forestry......................................................................... 6-1

Forest Health Management................................................................. 6-3

Federal Lands....................................................................... 6-6

Cooperative Lands.................................................................. 6-8

Cooperative Fire Protection................................................................ 6-11

State Fire Assistance............................................................... 6-12

Volunteer Fire Assistance......................................................... 6-14

Cooperative Forestry........................................................................ 6-16

Forest Stewardship.................................................................. 6-17

Forest Legacy Program............................................................ 6-20

Economic Action Programs....................................................... 6-25

Urban and Community Forestry.................................................. 6-26

Forest Resources Information and Analysis.................................... 6-29

International Forestry........................................................................ 6-31

National Forest System............................................................................. 7-1

Land Management Planning............................................................... 7-3

Inventory and Monitoring.................................................................. 7-8

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness..................................................... 7-11

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management............................................. 7-16

Grazing Management....................................................................... 7-20

Forest Products.............................................................................. 7-23

Vegetation and Watershed Management................................................. 7-28

Minerals and Geology Management...................................................... 7-34

Landownership Management............................................................... 7-39

Law Enforcement Operations.............................................................. 7-44

Valles Caldera National Preserve......................................................... 7-47

Table of Contents i 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance........................................................ 8-1

Facilities....................................................................................... 8-3

Roads.......................................................................................... 8-12

Trails.......................................................................................... 8-17

Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement................................ 8-20

Legacy Roads and Trails.................................................................... 8-23

Land Acquisition.................................................................................... 9-1

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests Special Acts................................ 9-1

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges.................................... 9-1

Other Appropriations.............................................................................. 10-1

Range Betterment Fund.................................................................... 10-1

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Forest and Rangeland Research................. 10-3

Management of National Forest Lands for Subsistence Uses ........................ 10-4

Wildland Fire Management....................................................................... 11-1

Preparedness.................................................................................. 11-2

Suppression................................................................................... 11-5

Wildland Fire Suppression Contigency Reserve........................................ 11-8

Fire Operations—Other .................................................................... 11-11

Hazardous Fuels.................................................................... 11-12

Rehabilitation and Restoration.................................................... 11-16

Fire Research and Development.................................................. 11-18

Joint Fire Sciences Program....................................................... 11-20

Forest Health Management—Federal Lands.................................... 11-22

Forest Health Management—Cooperative Lands.............................. 11-24

State Fire Assistance............................................................... 11-27

Volunteer Fire Assistance......................................................... 11-30

Permanent Appropriations........................................................................ 12-1

Brush Disposal............................................................................... 12-3

Licensee Program (Smokey Bear and Woodsy Owl)................................... 12-5

Restoration of National Forest Lands and Improvements.............................. 12-7

Recreation Enhancement Program......................................................... 12-9

Land and Facility Enhancement Fund.................................................... 12-11

Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction.......................................... 12-17

Timber Salvage Sales........................................................................ 12-19

Stewardship Contracting.................................................................... 12-21

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund.................................................. 12-24

Forest Botanicals............................................................................. 12-27

Roads and Trails (10 Percent Fund)....................................................... 12-29

Midewin National Tall Grass Prairie Rental Fee Fund................................. 12-31

Midewin National Tall Grass Prairie Restoration Fund................................ 12-32

Operation and Maintenance of Quarters.................................................. 12-33

Land Between the Lakes Management Fund............................................. 12-34

Table of Contents ii 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Valles Caldera Fund......................................................................... 12-36

Administration of Rights-of-Way and Other Land Uses............................... 12-38

Payment Funds............................................................................... 12-41

Trust Funds.......................................................................................... 13-1

Cooperative Work—Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) Fund................................ 13-2

Cooperative Work—Other ................................................................. 13-6

Land Between the Lakes.................................................................... 13-8

Reforestation Trust Fund................................................................... 13-9

Special Exhibits 14-1

1 Allocations by Regions, Stations, and Area, FY 2009-2001...................... 14-2

2 Chief’s Reserve Fund .................................................................. 14-13

3 Conservation Education................................................................ 14-15

4 Deferred Maintenance and Asset Management..................................... 14-16

5 Facilities Maintenance Assessment................................................... 14-20

6 Fire Transfers............................................................................ 14-23

7 Indirect Costs............................................................................ 14-27

8 Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) Financial Status....................................... 14-34

9 National Scenic and Historic Trails................................................... 14-35

10 Office of General Counsel Reimbursement.......................................... 14-39

11 Office of Tribal Relations.............................................................. 14-40

12 Organizational Efficiency—WO/RO/Area Transformation....................... 14-41

13 Partnerships.............................................................................. 14-43

14 Reforestation............................................................................. 14-49

15 Research and Development Threat Assessment Centers........................... 14-52

16 Service First.............................................................................. 14-55

17 Summary of Recovery Act Funding ................................................. 14-56

18 Sustainable Operations.................................................................. 14-58

19 Unobligated Balances.................................................................. 14-60

20 Wood Education and Resource Center............................................... 14-62

21 Working Capital Fund—Forest Service.............................................. 14-64

22 Working Capital Fund—Forest Service Fleet Management....................... 14-65

23 Working Capital Fund and Greenbook Charges—USDA ........................ 14-67

Authorities............................................................................................

. 

15-1

Table of Contents iii 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Acronyms 

ALP Automated Land Program 

ANILCA Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 

AML Abandoned Mine Lands 

APD Application for Permit to Drill 

APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 

ARS Agricultural Research Service 

ASC Albuquerque Service Center 

BAER Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation 

BF Board Feet 

BLI Budget Line Item 

BMP Best Management Practice 

BLM Bureau of Land Management (USDI) 

BOC Budget Object Classification 

BOR Bureau of Reclamation (USDI) 

BPR Business Process Reengineering 

CCF Hundred Cubic Feet 

CCS Challenge Cost Share 

CDW Corporate Data Warehouse 

CE Categorical Exclusion 

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 

Liability Act 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

CI&M Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

CIP Capital Improvement Plan 

CSREES Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Services 

CUFFA Cabin Use Fee Fairness Act 

CWA Clean Water Act 

CWKV Cooperative Work Knutson-Vandenberg Fund 

CWPP Community Wildfire Protection Plan 

Table of Contents iv 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

CY Calendar Year 

DASP Disaster Assistance Support Program (International Forestry) 

DN Decision Notice 

DHS Department of Homeland Security 

DOE Department of Energy 

DOI Department of the Interior 

EA Environmental Assessment 

EAP Economic Action Programs 

EBLI Expanded Budget Line Item 

ECAP Environmental Compliance and Protection 

EDRR Early Detection and Rapid Response 

EIS Environmental Impact Statement 

EMS Environmental Management System 

EO Executive Order 

ESA Endangered Species Act 

F&AM Fire and Aviation Management 

FA&O Fire, Administrative and Other (facilities) 

FAR Federal Acquisitions Regulation 

FASAB Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Board 

FEPP Federal Excess Personal Property 

FEIS Final Environmental Impact Statement 

FFIS Foundation Financial Information System 

FIA Forest Inventory and Analysis 

FIDO Forest Inventory Data Online 

FOG Field Operations Guide (Disaster Assessment and Response) 

FPA Fire Program Analysis 

FPL Forest Products Laboratory (Madison, WI) 

FRIA Forest Resources Information and Analysis 

FS Forest Service 

FSFREA Forest Service Facility Realignment and Enhancement Act 

FSH Forest Service Handbook 

Table of Contents v 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

FSP Forest Stewardship Program 

FTE Full-time Equivalent 

FY Fiscal Year 

FWS Fish and Wildlife Service (USDI) 

GAO Government Accountability Office 

GIS Geographic Information System 

GSTC Geospatial Service and Technology Center 

HFI Healthy Forests Initiative 

HFRA Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 

ICS Incident Command System 

IITF International Institute of Tropical Forestry (Puerto Rico) 

INFRA Forest Service Infrastructure Database 

JFSP Joint Fire Science Program 

K-V Knutson-Vandenberg 

LANDFIRE Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tool 

LBL Land Between the Lakes 

LEI Law Enforcement and Investigations 

LMP Land Management Plan 

LSR Late Successional Reserve 

LTSP Long Term Soil Productivity 

MBF Thousand Board Feet (forestry volume measurement) 

MEL Most Efficient Level (Wildland Fire Management staffing) 

MMBF Million Board Feet (forestry volume measurement) 

MNTP Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie 

MTDC Missoula (MT) Technology Development Center 

NA Northeastern Area of State and Private Forestry 

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act 

NFF National Forest Foundation 

NFMA National Forest Management Act 

NFP National Fire Plan 

NFS National Forest System 

Table of Contents vi 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

NFWF National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 

NGO Non-governmental Organization 

NIDRM National Insect and Disease Risk Map 

NIMS National Information Management System 

NIPF Non-industrial Private Forest (landowner) 

NPS National Park Service (USDI) 

NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA) 

NRS Northern Research Station (Newtown Square, PA) 

NWFP Northwest Forest Plan 

OBPA Office of Budget and Program Analysis of the USDA 

OHV Off Highway Vehicle 

OIG Office of the Inspector General 

OMB Office of Management and Budget 

OWCP Office of Worker’s Compensation Program 

PAOT Persons At One Time (measure of recreation site capacity) 

PAR Performance and Accountability Report 

PART Program Assessment Rating Tool 

PCT Pre-commercial Thinning 

PIT Passport in Time 

P.L. Public Law 

PMA President’s Management Agenda 

PMF Presidential Management Fellow (employment program) 

PNW Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, OR) 

PSW Pacific Southwest Research Station (Albany, CA) 

QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

RAC Resource Advisory Committee 

RAVAR Rapid Assessment of Values at Risk 

R&D Research and Development 

RO Regional Office 

R-1 Northern Region (Region One – Missoula, MT) 

R-2 Rocky Mountain Region (Region Two – Golden, CO) 

Table of Contents vii 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

R-3 Southwestern Region (Region Three – Albuquerque, NM) 

R-4 Intermountain Region (Region Four – Ogden, UT) 

R-5 Pacific Southwest Region (Region Five – Vallejo, CA) 

R-6 Pacific Northwest Region (Region Six – Portland, OR) 

R-8 Southern Region (Region Eight – Atlanta, GA) 

R-9 Eastern Region (Region Nine – Milwaukee, MN) 

R-10 Alaska Region (Region Ten – Juneau, AK) 

REA Recreation Enhancement Act 

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 

RMRS Rocky Mountain Research Station (Fort Collins, CO) 

ROD Record of Decision 

ROW Right-of-Way 

RSAC Remote Sensing Applications Center 

RSFMP Recreation Site Facility Master Plan 

RWU Research Work Unit 

SAI Sale Area Improvement (Plan) 

SAP Spatial Analysis Program 

SCI Stratified Cost Index 

SCSEP Senior Community Service Employment Program 

SDTDC San Dimas (CA) Technology Development Center 

SPA Strategic Program Area 

S&PF State and Private Forestry 

SPOT Strategic Placement of Treatment Studies 

SRS Southern Research Station (Asheville, NC) 

STRATUM Street Tree Resource Analysis Tool for Urban Managers 

SUPO Surface Use Plan of Operation 

TAV Technical Assistance Visit 

TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load 

TRACS Trail Assessment and Condition Survey 

TSI Timber Sale Improvement 

TVA Tennessee Valley Authority 

Table of Contents viii 
FY2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Table of Contents ix 

U&CF Urban and Community Forestry 

U.S.C. United States Code 

USAID United States Agency for International Development 

USDA United States Department of Agriculture 

USDHS United States Department of Homeland Security 

USDI United States Department of the Interior 

USDOE United States Department of Energy 

WBUG Woody Biomass Utilization Group 

WCF Working Capital Fund 

WERC Wood Education and Resource Center (Princeton, WV) 

WFDSS Wildland Fire Decision Support System 

WFLC Wildland Fire Leadership Council 

WFM Wildland Fire Management 

WO Washington Office (Forest Service Headquarters) 

W&SR Wild and Scenic River 

WUI Wildland Urban Interface 

YCC Youth Conservation Corps 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

US Forest Service 

Fiscal Year 2010 President’s Budget Overview 

Photo of Eldorado National Forest, CA 

Table of Contents

Overview 

Appendices 

A. Forest Service Mission, Goals, and Objectives 

B. Forest Service Organization 

C. Ten-Year Graph of Forest Service Budget Authority 

D. Three-Year Budget Summary of Appropriations 

E. Three-Year Budget Summary of Full-Time Equivalents 

F. Three-Year Receipts by Source and Payments to States 

G. Activity Output Table 

H. FY 2010 Capital Improvement Projects 

I. Timber Harvest Volume FY 2008-FY 2010 

J. FY 2010 Proposed Land Acquisition Program 

K. FY 2010 Proposed Forest Legacy Program 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 

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FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview

The U.S. Forest Service sustains the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and 

grasslands; directly manages 193 million acres of national forests and grasslands; provides States, tribes, 

and private forest landowners with technical and financial assistance; and conducts innovative research on 

sustaining forest resources for future generations. 

The fiscal year (FY) 2010 President’s budget request for the Forest Service totals $5.227 billion in 

discretionary appropriations, an 8.9 percent program increase over the FY 2009 enacted level. This 

budget reflects our Nation’s highest priorities, acts to save and create new jobs, and lays a new foundation 

of growth. 

The budget reflects Presidential initiatives and increases funding in targeted areas in order to support 

three critical priorities for the Forest Service: responsibly budgeting for wildfires, protecting the National 

Forests, and conserving new lands. The budget eliminates $71.3 million in Congressional earmarks from 

the request, in furtherance of the President’s goal to reduce earmarks to below FY 1994 levels. 

In addition to the above targeted increases, the budget includes increases for pay and inflation. This 

increase will enable the Forest Service to maintain current staffing levels in critical program areas. 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget is displayed below. 

 Appropriation Title

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $296,380 $5,131 -$899 $300,612

State & Private Forestry $265,861 $2,398 $37,852 $306,111

National Forest System $1,509,805 $26,237 -$29,478 $1,506,564

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $495,393 $4,303 $57,266 $556,962

Land Acquisition $51,075 $194 -$21,285 $29,984

Other Appropriations $8,650 $0 -$2,418 $6,232

Wildland Fire Management $2,131,630 $22,201 $84,316 $2,238,147

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000

Discretionary Funds Total $4,758,794 $60,464 $407,354 $5,226,612

Mandatory Appropriations $956,399 $0 -$74,851 $881,548

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $200,000 $0 $0 $0

Grand Total, Forest Service $5,915,193 $60,464 $332,503 $6,108,160

Table Note: FY 2009 Enacted includes $200 million request for supplemental fire suppression funding 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget Context 

Our national forests and grasslands provide a wide spectrum of ecosystem services on which society 

relies, including clean water, scenic beauty, outdoor recreation, fish and wildlife habitat, natural resource 

jobs, forest products, renewable energy, and carbon sequestration. The agency pursues these activities 

during a period of struggling markets, land development, and a changing climate. The FY 2010 budget 

for the Forest Service supports the Administration’s priorities and allows the agency to respond to these 

opportunities and challenges. 

The 2010 President’s Budget builds off of the investments made through the American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). The ARRA provided $1.15 billion to the Forest Service in order to 

create jobs and promote economic recovery, especially to those areas which the recession has impacted 

most. These funds will be used for hazardous fuels reduction, forest health protection, rehabilitation and 

hazardous mitigation activities on federal, state and private lands. The Forest Service’s projects proposed 

under the Recovery Act are estimated to create over 20,000 new private sector jobs across the country 

through shovel-ready projects in urban forestry, restoration, fire prevention, roads, bridges, buildings and 

recreation facilities. 

 

Responsibly Budgeting for Wildfire 

Fires in recent years have become larger and more difficult to control due to a variety of factors, including 

climate change, persistent drought, increasingly hazardous fuels conditions due in part to past wildfire 

suppression and management policies, and the increased development in the Wildland Urban Interface. 

As fire seasons have been extended and costs have escalated, annual fire suppression expenditures have 

routinely exceeded the amount budgeted for suppression. In the past, when this occurs, the Forest Service 

has used authority provided by Congress to transfer funds from its other accounts. Since 2002, the Forest 

Service has transferred over $2 billion from other accounts to cover these additional costs. While 

essential to ensuring adequate resources are available to conduct emergency suppression operations, these 

transfers result in significant disruptions in delivering the agency’s program of work, even when the 

transferred funds are repaid through supplemental appropriations. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-2
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Forest Service Fire Suppression Actual Expenditures by Source

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

$1,400

$1,600

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Fiscal Year

Nominal Dollars (in Millions)

Regular Appropriation Carryover (including prior Emergency Funds)

Emergency Appropriation Transfer from Other Appropriation

However, the Administration is taking a new approach to addressing the complexities associated with 

managing Wildland Fire. The President’s budget provides a responsible funding request for wildfires 

which includes a $134 million increase over FY 2009 to fully fund the ten-year average suppression costs. 

Moreover, it establishes a discretionary contingency reserve account and ensures fire management 

resources are used in a cost-effective manner and in high-priority areas. Funds in the contingency reserve 

are in a separate Treasury account and would be available upon a Presidential Finding that the funds are 

appropriate and necessary for wildland fire suppression. Thus, the budget will provide adequate funding 

for fire suppression and allow for other critical Forest Service activities to continue while reducing the 

likelihood of disruptive transfers from non-fire accounts. 

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Fund 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes a discretionary contingency reserve of $282,000,000 in its own 

Treasury account apart from the Wildland Fire Management account to provide funding for firefighting 

when the $1.129 billion appropriated 10-year average is exhausted. These funds will only be available 

after the issuance of a finding by the President that additional funds for fire suppression operations are 

appropriate and necessary. 

The fund would help address the challenges of budgeting for fire suppression while still enabling the 

agency to respond to wildfires which threaten lives, property, and resources on more than 210 million 

acres of agency-protected lands. This proposal would also ensure that fire management resources are 

sufficient, minimizing the potential for the agency’s need to transfer funds from other Forest Service 

accounts to suppression. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-3
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

The Combination of the 10-year Average and the Contingency Reserve Addresses Forest Service’s 

Fire Suppression Expenditures

$0

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1,000

$1,200

$1,400

$1,600

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Fiscal Year

Dollars (Millions)

10-year Average Suppression Obligations Beyond 10-year Avg

Supplemental Funds Available Additional Funding Requests

Along with the proposed full funding of the 10-year average and the proposed wildland fire contingency 

fund, the Forest Service will continue its efforts to deploy analytic support tools to improve fire incident 

and program decision-making, cost containment, and agency accountability. A number of Wildland Fire 

Decision Support Systems (such as FSPro, which models fire behavior, and RAVAR, which models 

values at risk from fire) provide real-time support to fire managers implementing Risk-Informed 

Management. These efforts are coupled with program reforms such as strategic and operational 

protocols, improved oversight, and use of a risk management framework that ensure fire management 

resources are appropriately focused. The Forest Service, in collaboration with the Department of the 

Interior, is updating the fire planning and budget analysis process through the Fire Program Analysis 

system. The system is being deployed in FY 2009 to support the FY 2011 budget process and potentially 

to inform FY 2010 budget execution. In sum, the budget promotes safe, cost-effective and accountable 

outcomes from investments made in managing fire on landscapes 

Protecting the National Forests 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes a $50,000,000 Presidential Initiative to enhance the operational 

components of the National Forest System. This initiative demonstrates our commitment to maintaining a 

healthy environment by addressing critical deferred maintenance and operational components of the 

Forest Service infrastructure. These funds will be focused on three priorities. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-4
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

The first priority will be to protect the investments made through the American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 by maintaining and improving facilities, roads and trails associated 

with assets which are considered national in scope. These projects include ecologically sustainable 

investments in transportation infrastructure and improvement of energy efficiency at existing facilities, 

which will lead to the development of a “green-collar” workforce and include expansion of youth 

education and job training, particularly through the Forest Service’s 28 Job Corps centers. More than half 

of the projects funded under the ARRA will include priority road, bridge and trail maintenance and 

decommissioning, including related watershed restoration and ecosystem enhancement projects; facilities 

improvement, maintenance, and renovation; and remediation of abandoned mine sites. 

The second priority of the funds will provide for implementing travel management plans, with a 

significant emphasis on decommissioning roads identified as not-needed in the plans. This will allow the 

Agency to “right-size” our transportation system for the future, and further reduce long-term deferred 

maintenance costs. 

The third priority will be to address urgent health and safety needs at other facilities. This would be 

limited to significant needs which, if left unaddressed, would result in facility closure. 

 

These strategic investments will reduce the agency’s overall maintenance and operational costs in future 

years, result in infrastructure that is more energy efficient, and reduce potential impacts to the 

environment. 

Conserving New Lands 

The budget includes a $34 million increase to conserve new lands through the Land and Water 

Conservation Fund. These funds will be used to acquire easements on forested lands under significant 

development pressures and that will protect air and water quality, provide access to national forests, and 

provide habitat for threatened or endangered wildlife and fish. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-5
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Percent of private forest to experience substantial housing density increase, 2000-2030 

Ten percent of all privately-owned land in the conterminous United States is projected to convert from rural to urban 

or ex-urban land use in coming decades. 

Great Lakes Restoration Initiative 

The 2010 Budget includes a new 10-year inter-agency initiative to address regional issues that affect the 

Great Lakes, such as invasive species, non-point source pollution, and contaminated sediment. This 

initiative will use outcome-oriented performance goals and measures to target the most significant 

problems and track progress in addressing them. The Environmental Protection Agency has the lead on 

the initiative and the Forest Service, as one of its Federal partners, will be participating by working with 

State, tribal, local, and industry on actions to protect, maintain, and restore the chemical, biological, and 

physical integrity of the Great Lakes.

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-6
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page 1-7

Responding to Climate Change 

Forests and grasslands produce many ecosystem services on which society relies: clean water, clean air, 

recreation, wildlife habitat, biological diversity, etc. However, research shows that climate change is 

currently impacting the Nation’s ecosystems in significant ways and those transformations are very likely 

to accelerate in the future, in some areas dramatically. Many of the most urgent forest and grassland 

management problems of the past 20 years – wildfires, changes in water availability, and expanding forest 

insect infestations — have been driven, in part, by changing climate. The effects and magnitude of 

climate change vary across the country. 

To better address these challenges the Forest Service has developed a Strategic Framework for 

Responding to Climate Change to help set priorities and to make informed decisions for sustaining forest 

and grassland resources. Seven key goals will help the Forest Service carry out its mission under a 

changing climate: Advancing our understanding of climate change (Science); enhancing the capacity of 

forest and grasslands to adjust to the impacts of climate change (Adaptation); promoting the management 

of forests and grasslands to reduce the build up of greenhouse gases (Mitigation); integrating climate 

change considerations as appropriate into Forest Service policies, program guidance, and communications 

(Policy); reducing the environmental footprint of our operations and facilities (Sustainable Operations), 

advancing awareness and understanding (Education); and establishing, enhancing, and retaining strong 

alliances and partnerships (Alliances). In FY 2010, the agency will continue to focus its efforts on 

projects that enable the agency to achieve these goals by working collaboratively with a broad range of 

agencies, partners and the public at large. 

Conclusion

The Forest Service presents its FY 2010 budget positioned to fulfill its mission of sustaining the health, 

diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future 

generations. The budget supports the responsible budgeting for wildfires; reducing the maintenance 

backlog of facilities, roads, and trails on National Forest System lands; recovering the economy, 

conserving new lands, and responding to climate change. This suite of monetary and management foci 

enable the Forest Service to address challenges while continuing to conduct research, provide assistance 

to landowners and resource managers, and steward national forests and grasslands. 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix A 

Forest Service Mission, Goals, and Objectives 

Mission 

Sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of 

present and future generations. 

This mission stems from the relationship between the American people and their natural resource 

heritage. This relationship is characterized by the principles of sustaining our natural resources for future 

generations, fostering personal and community well-being, and providing economic wealth for the 

Nation. 

Goals and Objectives 

The Forest Service Strategic Plan for FY 2007 – 2012 outlines the agency’s over-arching goals and 

objectives. The seven strategic goals follow: 

Goal 1. Restore, Sustain, and Enhance the Nation’s Forests and Grasslands 

Goal 2. Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People 

Goal 3. Conserve Open Space 

Goal 4. Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities 

Goal 5. Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service 

Goal 6. Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs 

Goal 7. Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural Resources 

Management 

Strategic objectives in each goal (outlined in the Annual Performance Report Chapter of the Budget 

Justification) include indicators of agency performance, with baselines and FY 2012 targets. Means and 

strategies by which agency programs accomplish strategic goals and objectives are provided. 

Foundational business management standards are also documented.

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page A-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix B 

Forest Service Organization 

The Chief of the Forest Service is a career Federal employee who oversees the entire agency. The Chief 

reports to the Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment in the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture (USDA), an appointee of the President confirmed by the Senate. The Chief’s staff provides 

broad policy and direction for the agency, works with the Administration to develop a budget to submit to 

Congress, provides information to Congress on accomplishments, and monitors activities of the agency. 

There are four deputy chiefs for the following areas: National Forest System; State and Private Forestry; 

Research and Development; and Business Operations. 

The Forest Service organization includes ranger districts, national forests, and regions; research stations 

and research work units; and the Northeastern Area Office for State and Private Forestry. Each level has 

responsibility for a variety of functions. 

Ranger District: The Forest Service has more than 600 ranger districts. Each district has a staff of 10 to 

100 people under the direction of a district ranger, a line officer who reports to a forest supervisor. The 

districts vary in size from 50,000 acres to more than 1 million acres. Most on-the-ground activities occur 

on ranger districts, including trail construction and maintenance, operation of campgrounds, and 

management of vegetation and wildlife habitat. 

National Forest: The Forest Service oversees 155 national forests and 20 grasslands. Each administrative 

unit is typically comprised of several ranger districts, under the overall direction of a forest supervisor. 

Within the supervisor's office, the staff coordinates activities among districts, allocates the budget, and 

provides technical support to each district. Forest supervisors are line officers and report to regional 

foresters. 

Region: The Forest Service has nine regions, each encompassing a broad geographic area, and headed by 

a regional forester who reports directly to the Chief. The regional forester has broad responsibility for 

coordinating activities among the various forests within the region, for providing overall leadership for 

regional natural resource and social programs, and for coordinating regional land use planning. 

Northeastern Area: The Northeastern Area Office for State and Private Forestry includes three field 

offices and Grey Towers Historic Site. The area director, like regional foresters, reports directly to the 

Chief. The area director leads and helps support sustainable forest management and use across the 

landscape to provide benefits to the people of the 20 Northeastern and Midwestern States and the District 

of Columbia. 

Research Stations and Research Work Units: The Forest Service’s Research and Development 

organization includes five research stations, the Forest Products Laboratory, and the International Institute 

of Tropical Forestry. Station directors, like regional foresters, report to the Chief. Research stations 

include Northern, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Southwest, Rocky Mountain, and Southern. There are 

approximately 500 scientists located at 67 sites throughout the United States. 

Centralized Business Services: The Agency centralized three major functional areas: Budget and 

Finance (B&F), Office of the Chief Information Officer (OCIO), and Human Capital Management 

(HCM). Most employees in B&F and HCM are located at the Albuquerque Service Center (ASC). 

Some OCIO employees are also located in Albuquerque but most are housed in locations across the 

country. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page B-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page B-2

The map below provides the locations of the national forests and grasslands. For more information about 

the Forest Service, visit our web site at http://www.fs.fed.us.

USDA Forest Service – Map of Organizational Units 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix C Ten-Year Graph of Forest Service Budget Authority 

Forest Service Budget 

FY 2001-2009 Enacted, 2010 President’s Budget 

$0

$500

$1,000$1,500$2,000$2,500$3,000$3,500$4,000$4,500$5,000$5,500

Nominal Dollars (millions)

Discretionary 3,179 3,784 3,956 4,192 4,238 4,201 4,327 4,487 4,758 Mandatory 828 665 658 876 892 795 721 789 956 Supplemental 1,257 346 919 724 582 177 370 1,356 200 

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

Chart Note: FY 2009 Supplemental Funds are requestedOverview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix D 

Three-Year Summary of Appropriations 

(dollars in thousands)

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Percent 

of

Change

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $285,926 $296,380 $301,612 $5,232 2%

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 $0 -$1,000 -$1,000 0%

Annual Appropriations Total $285,926 $296,380 $300,612 $4,232 1%

Forest & Rangeland Research Total $285,926 $296,380 $300,612 $4,232 1%

State & Private Forestry

Annual Appropriations

Forest Health Management

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $54,110 $54,110 $55,282 $1,172 2%

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $44,542 $46,292 $45,823 -$469 -1%

Forest Health Management Total $98,652 $100,402 $101,105 $703 1%

Cooperative Fire Protection

State Fire Assistance $32,605 $35,000 $35,147 $147 0%

Volunteer Fire Assistance $5,906 $6,000 $7,000 $1,000 17%

Cooperative Fire Protection Total $38,511 $41,000 $42,147 $1,147 3%

Cooperative Forestry

Forest Stewardship Program $29,532 $27,000 $28,369 $1,369 5%

Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $49,445 $91,060 $41,615 84%

Urban & Community Forestry $27,691 $29,541 $29,327 -$214 -1%

Economic Action Programs $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 -100%

Forest Resources Information & Analysis $4,516 $5,000 $5,035 $35 1%

Cooperative Forestry Total $118,262 $115,959 $153,791 $37,832 33%

International Forestry $7,383 $8,500 $9,068 $568 7%

Annual Appropriations Total $262,808 $265,861 $306,111 $40,250 15%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0

State & Private Forestry Total $262,808 $265,861 $306,111 $40,250 15%

National Forest System

Annual Appropriations

Land Management Planning $48,833 $48,833 $45,518 -$3,315 -7%

Inventory & Monitoring $166,580 $167,580 $168,695 $1,115 1%

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness $262,635 $277,635 $280,117 $2,482 1%

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management $132,385 $139,385 $141,471 $2,086 1%

Grazing Management $48,163 $50,000 $49,949 -$51 0%

Forest Products $322,503 $332,666 $328,959 -$3,707 -1%

Vegetation & Watershed Management $177,437 $180,437 $182,286 $1,849 1%

Minerals & Geology Management $84,143 $85,470 $86,650 $1,180 1%

Landownership Management $91,299 $93,299 $94,372 $1,073 1%

Law Enforcement Operations $131,910 $135,500 $135,047 -$453 0%

Valles Caldera National Preserve $3,691 $4,000 $3,500 -$500 -13%

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 -$5,000 -$10,000 -$5,000 0%

Annual Appropriations Total $1,469,579 $1,509,805 $1,506,564 -$3,241 0%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0

National Forest System Total $1,469,579 $1,509,805 $1,506,564 -$3,241 0%

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page D-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Three-Year Summary of Appropriations 

(dollars in thousands)

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Percent 

of

Change

Discretionary Funds

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Annual Appropriations

Presidential Initiative: Protecting the National Forests $0 $0 $50,000 $50,000 0%

Facilities $121,755 $126,453 $130,740 $4,287 3%

Roads $227,924 $228,825 $235,000 $6,175 3%

Trails $76,365 $81,015 $82,081 $1,066 1%

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement $8,958 $9,100 $9,141 $41 0%

Legacy Roads & Trails $39,766 $50,000 $50,000 $0 0%

Annual Appropriations Total $474,768 $495,393 $556,962 $61,569 12%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 $0 $0 $0

Capital Improvement & Maintenance Total $518,768 $495,393 $556,962 $61,569 12%

Land Acquisition

Annual Appropriations

Land Acquisition $41,827 $49,775 $28,684 -$21,091 -42%

Acquisition of Lands for National Forest Special Acts $1,037 $1,050 $1,050 $0 0%

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges $221 $250 $250 $0 0%

Annual Appropriations Total $43,085 $51,075 $29,984 -$21,091 -41%

Land Acquisition Total $43,085 $51,075 $29,984 -$21,091 -41%

Other Appropriations

Annual Appropriations

Range Betterment Fund $2,556 $3,600 $3,600 $0 0%

Gifts, Donations, & Bequests for Research $55 $50 $50 $0 0%

Mgt. of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses $4,974 $5,000 $2,582 -$2,418 -48%

Annual Appropriations Total $7,585 $8,650 $6,232 -$2,418 -28%

Other Appropriations Total $7,585 $8,650 $6,232 -$2,418 -28%

Wildland Fire Management

Annual Appropriations

Preparedness $665,819 $675,000 $675,000 $0 0%

Fire Operations - Suppression $845,620 $993,947 $1,128,505 $134,558 14%

Fire Operations - Other

Hazardous Fuels $310,086 $328,086 $315,285 -$12,801 -4%

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration $10,828 $11,500 $9,000 -$2,500 -22%

NFP Research & Development $23,519 $23,917 $23,917 $0 0%

Joint Fire Science Program $7,875 $8,000 $8,000 $0 0%

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $14,030 $17,252 $14,440 -$2,812 -16%

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $9,858 $9,928 $7,000 -$2,928 -29%

NFP State Fire Assistance $47,967 $55,000 $50,000 -$5,000 -9%

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $7,875 $9,000 $7,000 -$2,000 -22%

Fire Operations - Other Total $432,038 $462,683 $434,642 -$28,041 -6%

Annual Appropriations Total $1,943,477 $2,131,630 $2,238,147 $106,517 5%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire

Fire Operations - Suppression $932,000 $200,000 $0

Fire Operations - Other $380,000 $0 $0 $0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire Total $1,312,000 $200,000 $0 $0

Wildland Fire Management Total $3,255,477 $2,331,630 $2,238,147 $106,517 -4%

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve

Annual Appropriations

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000

Annual Appropriations Total $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve Total $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000

Discretionary Funds Total $5,843,228 $4,958,794 $5,226,612 $467,818

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page D-2
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page D-3

Three-Year Summary of Appropriations 

(dollars in thousands)

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Percent 

of

Change

Permanent Funds

Brush Disposal $11,891 $15,150 $11,000 -$4,150 -27%

Licensee Program $10 $65 $65 $0 0%

Restoration of Forest Lands & Improvements $4,715 $10,000 $15,000 $5,000 50%

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund $77,804 $114,000 $81,400 -$32,600 -29%

Federal Land & Facility Enhancement Fund $13,900 $18,600 $22,400 $3,800 20%

Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction $13,175 $2,000 $2,000 $0 0%

Timber Salvage Sales $43,939 $46,000 $41,080 -$4,920 -11%

Stewardship Contracting $5,235 $5,000 $2,800 -$2,200 -44%

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund $4,183 $4,000 $2,800 -$1,200 -30%

Forest Botanical Products $1,192 $2,500 $2,700 $200 8%

Roads & Trails (10 percent) Fund $1,541 $0 $13,000 $13,000 0%

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Rental Fee Fund $503 $800 $800 $0 0%

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Restoration Fund $0 $0 $0 $0 0%

Operation & Maintenance of Quarters $4,675 $8,000 $8,000 $0 0%

Land Between the Lakes Management Fund $3,683 $4,000 $4,100 $100 2%

Valles Caldera Fund $1,292 $1,000 $1,000 $0 0%

Administration of Rights-of-Way & Other Land Uses $2,358 $3,800 $4,400 $600 16%

Payment to States Funds $440,565 $545,802 $494,704 -$51,098 -9%

Permanent Funds Total $630,661 $780,717 $707,249 -$73,468 -9%

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg $71,446 $83,357 $84,199 $842 1%

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work $21,061 $12,300 $10,000 -$2,300 -19%

Cooperative Work, Forest Service $37,324 $50,000 $50,000 $0 0%

Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund $5 $25 $100 $75 300%

Reforestation Trust Fund $28,611 $30,000 $30,000 $0 0%

Trust Funds Total $158,447 $175,682 $174,299 -$1,383 -1%

Mandatory Funds Total $789,108 $956,399 $881,548 -$74,851 -8%

Type of Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Percent 

of

Change

Annual Appropriations $4,487,228 $4,758,794 $5,226,612 $467,818 10%

Mandatory Appropriations $789,108 $956,399 $881,548 -$74,851 -8%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 $0 $0 $0 0%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 $200,000 $0 $0 -100%

Grand Total, Forest Service $6,632,336 $5,915,193 $6,108,160 $392,967 3%
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix E 

Three-Year Summary of Full-Time Equivalents 

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research 1,922 1,940 1,940 0

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances 0 0 0 0

Annual Appropriations Total 1,922 1,940 1,940 0

Forest & Rangeland Research Total 1,922 1,940 1,940 0

State & Private Forestry

Annual Appropriations

Forest Health Management

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 303 304 304 0

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 40 40 40 0

Forest Health Management Total 343 344 344 0

Cooperative Fire Protection

State Fire Assistance 49 49 49 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance 0 0 0 0

Cooperative Fire Protection Total 49 49 49 0

Cooperative Forestry

Forest Stewardship Program 66 66 66 0

Forest Legacy Program 22 22 22

Urban & Community Forestry 45 45 45 0

Economic Action Programs 1 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information & Analysis 7 7 7 0

Cooperative Forestry Total 141 140 140 0

International Forestry 25 25 30 5

Annual Appropriations Total 558 558 563 5

Supplemental & Emergency Funding 0 0 0 0

State & Private Forestry Total 558 558 563 5

National Forest System

Annual Appropriations

Land Management Planning 313 255 255 0

Inventory & Monitoring 1,041 1,010 1,010 0

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness 2,017 2,130 2,110 -20

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management 952 990 980 -10

Grazing Management 394 394 394 0

Forest Products 2,565 2,565 2,530 -35

Vegetation & Watershed Management 1,207 1,207 1,200 -7

Minerals & Geology Management 514 514 514 0

Landownership Management 639 640 640 0

Law Enforcement Operations 806 806 806 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 1 1 1 0

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances 0 0 0 0

Annual Appropriations Total 10,449 10,512 10,440 -72

Supplemental & Emergency Funding 0 0 0 0

National Forest System Total 10,449 10,512 10,440 -72

0

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page E-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Three-Year Summary of Full-Time Equivalents 

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Discretionary Funds

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Annual Appropriations

Presidential Initiative: Protecting the National Forests 0 0 80 80

Facilities 455 450 460 10

Roads 1,249 1,220 1,230 10

Trails 625 615 600 -15

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement 16 16 16 0

Legacy Roads & Trails 66 115 80 -35

Annual Appropriations Total 2,411 2,416 2,466 50

Supplemental & Emergency Funding 2 2 2 0

Capital Improvement & Maintenance Total 2,413 2,418 2,468 50

Land Acquisition

Annual Appropriations

Land Acquisition 64 45 45 0

Acquisition of Lands for National Forest Special Acts 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0

Annual Appropriations Total 64 45 45 0

Land Acquisition Total 64 45 45 0

Other Appropriations

Annual Appropriations

Range Betterment Fund 15 14 12 -2

Gifts, Donations, & Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0

Mgt. of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 21 10 10 0

Annual Appropriations Total 36 24 22 -2

Other Appropriations Total 36 24 22 -2

Wildland Fire Management

Annual Appropriations

Preparedness 5,415 5,415 5,415 0

Fire Operations - Suppression 5,498 5,498 5,498 0

Fire Operations - Other

Hazardous Fuels 2,117 2,200 2,200 0

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration 43 43 43 0

NFP Research & Development 122 122 122 0

Joint Fire Science Program 222

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 83 83 83 0

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 18 18 18 0

NFP State Fire Assistance 111

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance 000

Fire Operations - Other Total 2,386 2,469 2,469 0

Annual Appropriations Total 13,299 13,382 13,382 0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire

Fire Operations - Other 49 49 49 0

Fire Operations - Suppression 0 0 0 0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire Total 49 49 49 0

Wildland Fire Mana

0

0

0

gement Total 13,348 13,431 13,431 0

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve

Annual Appropriations

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve 0 0 0 0

Annual Appropriations Total 0 0 0 0

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve Total 0 0 0 0

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page E-2
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page E-3

Three-Year Summary of Full-Time Equivalents 

 Budget Line Item

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Discretionary Funds 28,790 28,928 28,909 -19

Permanent Funds 1,503 1,391 1,361 -30

Trust Funds 1,121 1,177 1,122 -55

FTEs Only

Allocation 1,074 1,074 1,074 0

Discretionary Reimbursable 610 610 610 0

Working Capital Fund 525 525 525 0

FTEs Only Total 2,209 2,209 2,209 0

Grand Total, Forest Service 33,623 33,705 33,601 -104

Table Note: FTEs by appropriation differ from the Budget Appendix displays because the FTEs are shown here to match where funds are 

appropriated, not obligated. The total FTEs are consistent with the Budget Appendix.
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix F 

Three Year Receipts by Source and Payments to States 

Revenue, Receipts, and Transfers FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010

1908 Act Receipt?

ACTUAL ESTIMATE ESTIMATE

Timber Management

National Forest Fund (NFF) Receipts 46,046 38,400 30,000 Yes

Mandatory Transfers from NFF:

 Timber Roads--Purchaser Election Program (4,000) (4,000) (4,000)

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1/ (400) (300) (300)

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 1/ (4,800) (5,900) (4,900)

Timber Sale Area Improvement (Knutson-Vandenberg Fund) 66,854 55,000 50,000 Yes

Timber Salvage Sales 35,381 32,000 32,000 Yes

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund 4,571 4,000 3,000 Yes

Credits to Timber Purchasers (not receipts)

Credits for Road Construction (sales before April 1, 1999) (244) (50) (50) Yes

Specified Road Costs (15,712) (20,000) (20,000) Yes

Brush Disposal 8,193 13,970 11,000

Forest Botanical Products 1,481 1,500 1,900

Total Timber Management Receipts 162,526 144,870 127,900

Total Timber Management Receipts and Credits 178,482 164,920 147,950

Total Timber Management Deposits to NFF 36,846 28,200 20,800

Grazing Management

National Forest Fund (NFF) Receipts 5,237 5,000 5,000 Yes

Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects (LUP) 474 500 500 Yes

Mandatory Transfers from NFF & Grasslands & LUP's:

Range Betterment Fund (50 Percent Grazing) (2,596) (2,500) (2,500)

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1/ (50) (40) (50)

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 1/ (500) (800) (800)

Total Grazing Management Receipts 5,711 5,500 5,500

Total Grazing Management Deposits to NFF & Grasslands Fund 2,565 2,160 2,150

Minerals Management

National Forest Fund (NFF) Receipts 2,287 2,500 2,500 Yes

Minerals Receipts on Acquired Lands to NFF from Minerals Mgt Service 50,913 50,000 50,000 Yes

Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects (LUP) 52,286 50,000 50,000 Yes

Mandatory Transfers from NFF:

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1/ (20) (20) (20)

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 1/ (200) (400) (400)

Mineral Leases on Public Domain Lands and Oregon and California Grant 

Lands, estimated 2/ 309,087 200,000 200,000

Total Minerals Management Receipts 105,486 102,500 102,500

Minerals Management Receipts incl DOI reciepts 414,573 302,500 302,500

Total Minerals Management Deposits to NFF and Grasslands Fund 105,266 102,080 102,080

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page F-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Three Year Receipts by Source and Payments to States 

Revenue, Receipts, and Transfers FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010

1908 Act Receipt?

ACTUAL ESTIMATE ESTIMATE

Landownership Management

National Forest Fund (NFF) Receipts - Land Uses 13,429 16,500 19,000 Yes

National Forest Fund (NFF) Receipts - Power 2,380 2,400 2,400 Yes

Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects (LUP) -Land Uses & Power 156 160 160 Yes

Mandatory Transfers from NFF:

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1/ (140) (170) (200)

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 1/ (1,600) (2,900) (3,500)

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges (682) 250 250

Administration of Rights-of-Way, Other Land Uses 3,983 5,900 6,900

Power Licenses on Public Domain Lands, estimated 2/ 20,000 20,000 20,000

Total Landownership Management Receipts 19,110 25,050 28,550

Landownership Management Receipts incl DOI reciepts 39,110 45,050 48,550

Total Minerals Management Deposits to NFF and Grasslands Fund 14,225 15,990 17,860

Recreation Management Revenues and Receipts

National Forest Fund - Recreation, Admission, and User Fees 51,710 52,000 53,000 Yes

Mandatory Transfers from NFF:

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1/ (400) (500) (500)

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 1/ (5,400) (8,000) (8,700)

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund 61,619 62,200 62,700

Land Between the Lakes (LBL) Management Fund 3,755 4,200 4,300

Land Between the Lakes (LBL) Trust Fund 251 250 255

Total Recreation Management Receipts 117,335 118,650 120,255

Total Recreation Management Deposits to NFF 45,910 43,500 43,800

Other Revenues and Receipts

Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects (LUP)- all other 17 10 10 Yes

Stewardship Contracting retained receipts 3,073 4,500 4,500

Cooperative Contributions 12,026 50,000 50,000

Midewin NTP Restoration Fund & Rental Fees 873 270 1,500

Licensee Programs 124 65 66

Operation and Maintenance of Quarters 7,687 9,000 9,000

Federal Land and Facility Enhancement Fund 20,497 24,000 29,000

Restoration of Forestlands and Improvements 76,936 32,500 35,000

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 18 50 50

Valles Caldera Fund 974 1,000 1,000

Total Other Receipts 122,225 121,395 130,126

Total Other Deposits to Grasslands Fund 17 10 10

Total Forest Service Revenue and Receipts 532,393 517,965 514,831

Total Revenue and Receipts from Forest Service Lands 861,480 737,965 734,831

Total Deposits to NFF before Mandatory Transfers 172,002 166,800 161,900

Total Deposits to Grasslands Fund before Mandatory Transfers 52,933 50,670 50,670

Total Deposits to NFF & Grasslands after Mandatory Transfers 204,829 191,940 186,700

Deposits & Credits Basis for Act of 1908 (25% Fund) 296,784 278,520 267,620

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page F-2
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page F-3

Three Year Receipts by Source and Payments to States 

Revenue, Receipts, and Transfers FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010

1908 Act Receipt?

ACTUAL ESTIMATE ESTIMATE

Payments and Transfers for States and Counties. 3/

Payments and Transfers from National Forest Fund Receipts

Payment to Minnesota 2,102 2,102 6,150

Payments to States, Act of 1908 (as amended) 6,385 8,948 10,000

Secure Rural Schools & Community Self-Determination Act

Payment to States, Title I & III 66,339 71,887 46,506

Transfer to Forest Service, Title II 4/ 40,215 51,865 65,000

Payments from U.S. Treasury funds

Secure Rural Schools & Community Self-Determination Act

Payment to States, Title I & III 314,787 395,000 354,048

Payments from National Grasslands and Land Utilization Project receipts

Payments to Counties 10,737 16,000 13,000

Total Payments and Transfers for States and Counties 440,565 545,802 494,704

Funds to Treasury for National Forest Fund Receipts after Payments and 

Transfers 31,970 0 0

Funds to Treasury for National Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects after 

Transfers by Special Acts 32,000 37,000 38,000

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1,053 1,050 1,050

Ten-Percent Roads and Trails Fund 12,600 18,023 18,401

4/ FY 2008 includes transfer and unobligated carryover from prior year

3/ Payments and Transfers made from the National Forest fund are earned in the previous fiscal year and paid from those previous years 

receipts in the fiscal year shown. 

2/ Represents receipts from NFS lands which are deposited directly to Department of Interior and Department of Energy.

1/ Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts are transferred from receipts of certain national forests. Ten-Percent Roads and 

Trails Fund are transferred from National Forest Fund receipts. These funds are split in this report based on an estimated proration against 

the various activities in order to show approximate activity totals, however the amounts are not determined, nor recorded, on an activity by 

activity basis as shown here. Total amounts transferred from NFF are shown below:
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix G 

Activity and Output/Outcome by Appropriation & Budget Line Item 

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 20

P

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research

Forest & Rangeland Research

Customer satisfaction index score for R&D 72 72 72 72 

Number of patent applications filed (3-year average) 12 11 10 6 Percent of R&D programs that have been externally peer-reviewed within the last 5 years 25% 50% 75% 75% 1

Number of R&D programs that have been externally peer-reviewed within the last 5 years 2226 Percent of peer-reviewed R&D programs that achieve a rating of satisfactory or excellent during the last 5 years 100% 100% 100% 100% 1

Percent of Nation with accessible FIA data 84% 88% 90% 92% 

Quality Science Index - peer-reviewed fire science publications per scientist year on a 3-year rolling average 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 

Output Efficiency Index - total fire science products per scientist year on a 3-year rolling average 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1 

Invasive species tools developed, delivered and used on a 5-year rolling average 171 170 142 180 Cost per invasive species tool on a 5-year running average adjusted for budgets (dollars in thousands) $242 $238 $426 $207 $

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2

P

Discretionary Funds

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Federal acres treated - Invasives 111,600 60,029 148,815 154,169 170

Federal acres treated - Native pests 26,846 49,136 35,722 27,156 36

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Cooperative lands acres treated - Invasives 589,298 580,629 610,966 859,039 829

Cooperative lands acres treated - Native pests 134,346 152,440 105,720 121,324 84

State Fire Assistance

Communities assisted (number) 4,290 16,658 5,455 11,569 5

Volunteer Fire Assistance

Volunteer fire departments assisted (number) 3,062 10,157 3,500 5,591 2

Forest Stewardship Program

Percentage of nonindustrial private forest acres in important forest resource areas being managed sustainably, as defined by a current Forest Stewardship Plan N/A 0.5% 10.0% 1.8% 10

Forest Legacy Program

Acres of environmentally important forests protected from conversion 361,467 88,091 116,000 194,987 104

Parcelization of forests avoided (number of parcels prevented) 19,342 2,880 4,600 13,392 5

Urban & Community Forestry

Percentage of people living in communities managing programs to plant, protect, and maintain their urban and community trees and forests. 37.0% 38.0% 37.0% 39.6% 37

Percentage of people living in communities developing programs and/or activities to plant, protect, and maintain their urban and community trees and forests. 36% 34% 20% 38% 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 20

P

Discretionary Funds

National Forest System

Land Management Planning

Number of land management plan amendments underway 23 36 33 31 

Number of land management plan revisions or creations underway 50 41 40 39 

Inventory & Monitoring

Acres of inventory data collected and acquired N/A 20,860,388 23,525,000 25,223,812 20,893

Number of annual monitoring requirements completed N/A 1,487 1,200 2,021 1Number of land management plan assessments completed 97 52 30 66 

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness

Number of recreation site capacity (PAOT days) operated to standard 82,482,208 69,686,938 70,230,000 72,288,992 75,650Percentage of NFS lands covered by travel management plans resulting in visitor safety, resource protection using best management practices, and less visitor conflict with off-road vehicle usage 0.3% 13.0% 40.0% 27.0% 70

Number of recreation special use authorizations administered to standard 10,091 9,524 9,013 13,119 13Number of priority heritage assets managed to standard N/A 1,982 2,311 2,830 2Number of wilderness areas managed to minimum stewardship level 61 67 71 102 Number of wild and scenic river areas meeting statutory requirements 47 45 46 28 

Customer satisfaction with value for fee paid N/A 83% 85% 83% 

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management

Miles of stream habitat restored or enhanced 1,655 1,542 1,900 2,346 2Acres of lake habitat restored or enhanced 15,996 13,002 12,500 18,290 18Acres of terrestrial habitat enhanced 278,811 273,562 1,250,000 1,962,962 1,400

Grazing Management

Allotment acres administered to 100% of Forest Plan standards 49,583,208 42,775,483 36,861,628 36,119,640 35,500Number of grazing allotments with signed decision notices 443 670 480 470 

Forest Products

Volume of timber sold (hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 2,956,316 3,111,523 5,598,400 4,753,979 4,994Volume of timber sold (million board feet (MMBF)) 1,530 1,610 2,800 2,484 2Volume of timber harvested (CCF) 4,427,703 3,794,744 5,400,000 3,939,551 3,800Volume of timber harvested (MMBF) 2,296 1,960 2,700 2,049 1

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 20

P

Discretionary Funds

National Forest System

Vegetation & Watershed Management

Acres of forest vegetation improved 62,185 60,658 155,908 240,058 173

Acres of forest vegetation established 33,827 73,921 244,502 210,945 298

Acres of rangeland vegetation improved 1,755,824 2,021,505 1,794,000 867,748 1,747

Acres of watershed improvement 16,934 27,297 36,550 105,288 55Acres of noxious weeds and invasive plants treated 79,069 128,223 230,924 258,261 234

Minerals & Geology Management

Number of mineral operations administered 15,152 11,718 12,275 14,857 13Number of mineral applications processed 11,632 10,604 6,905 12,649 11

Number of new Applications for Permits to Drill (APDs) processed within prescribed timeframes 115 502 325 109 Number of AML safety risk features mitigated to "no further action" 346 403 506 494 Number of administrative units where audits were conducted 20 0 34 28 

Number of contaminated sites mitigated N/A N/A 31 47 

Landownership Management

Acres of land adjustments to conserve the integrity of undeveloped lands and habitat quality 14,719 27,002 39,044 42,243 25Miles of landownership boundary line marked/maintained to standard 2,334 2,606 3,142 3,868 3

Number of land use authorizations administered to standard 12,708 14,797 9,323 15,753 16

Number of land use proposals and applications processed 4,611 5,111 4,259 4,991 4

Law Enforcement Operations

Percent of cases referred for adjudication N/A 4.3% 4.5% 8.0% 8

Number of documented law enforcement incidents per 10,000 forest visits N/A 6.3 6.8 7.2 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2

P

Discretionary Funds

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities

Facilities condition index 89% 89% 88% 62% 

Percent of facilities with "Good" or "Fair" condition rating 64% 66% 66% 63% 

Number of outdoor recreation facilities maintained to standard 9,770 10,231 10,645 10,129 1

FA&O facilities maintained to standard N/A 11,881 13,141 11,024 1

Roads

Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance 43,073 39,453 43,168 46,247 4

Miles of high clearance system roads receiving maintenance 28,598 20,725 27,000 29,638 3

Miles of roads decommissioned 682 402 600 1,290 

Miles of road reconstruction and capital improvement 179 617 2,300 3,501 

Percent of road and trail rights-of-way acquired that provide public access through easement acquisitions or land adjustments 94% 90% 90% 78% 

Trails

Miles of system trails maintained to standard 24,860 25,696 24,395 30,867 3

Miles of system trail improved to standard 1,410 1,594 956 1,410 

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement

Miles of high clearance system roads receiving maintenance N/A 0 N/A 44 

Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance N/A 0 N/A 174 Miles of road reconstruction and capital improvement N/A 153 N/A 14 

Miles of trails maintained to standard N/A 0 N/A 50 

Miles of system trail improved to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 FA&O facilities maintained to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 Number of outdoor recreation facilities maintained to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 

Legacy Roads & Trails

Miles of high clearance system roads receiving maintenance N/A N/A N/A 900 

Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance N/A N/A N/A 633 Miles of roads decommissioned N/A N/A N/A 531 Miles of road reconstruction and capital improvement N/A N/A N/A 631 

Miles of trails maintained to standard N/A N/A N/A 849 

Miles of system trail improved to standard N/A N/A N/A 22 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 200

Pla

Discretionary Funds

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition

Number of acres acquired or donated 49,363 125,742 23,105 83,757 25,60

Priority acres acquired or donated that reduce the conversion of N/A N/A N/A N/A N/

forests, grasslands, and aquatic and riparian ecosystems to incompatible uses in order to improve and maintain ecological conditions for federally listed and candidate species, species of concern and species of interest 31,460 20,377 12,700 32,915 20,50

Other Appropriations

Range Betterment Fund

Structures improved 44 270 500 516 50

Wildland Fire Management

Preparedness

Percent change from the 10-year average for the number of wildfires controlled during initial attack. -0.4% -1.0% 0.5% -0.4% 0.5Percent change from the 10-year average for the number of human caused wildfires. 4.5% -0.9% -2.0% 2.0% -1.0

Fire Operations - Suppression

Percent of fires not contained in initial attack that exceed a Stratified Cost Index (SCI) 26.5% 22.0% 20.0% 24.3% 20.0Three-year average percent of fires not contained in initial attack that exceed a Stratified Cost Index (SCI) N/A 23.9% 23.1% 22.4% 21.3

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 200

Pla

Discretionary Funds

Wildland Fire Management

Hazardous Fuels

Total acres treated in wildland-urban interface (WUI) and non-WUI and also acres treated for other vegetation management activities that achieved fire objectives as a secondary benefit. 2,547,586 3,026,707 2,950,000 3,038,277 2,485,00

Percentage of total National Forest System land base for which fire risk is reduced though movement to a better condition class. 1.1% 1.9% 3.0% 2.1% 3.0

Number of acres maintained and improved by treatment category (prescribed fire, mechanical treatment, and wildland fire use). N/A N/A N/A 1,211,395 1,200,00

Percent of acres maintained and improved by treatment category (prescribed fire, mechanical treatment, and wildland fire use) that changed condition class. N/A N/A N/A 27% 27

Number of acres restored and maintained per million dollars gross investment. N/A N/A N/A 4,103 4,10

Acres moved to a better condition class per million dollars gross investment. 1,934 1,809 2,700 1,721 1,50

Number of acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems which are moved toward desired conditions 991,075 970,641 1,180,000 699,062 1,107,10Percent of acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems which are moved toward desired conditions 39% 32% 40% 23% 42

Number of acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems which are maintained in desired conditions. 830,081 1,022,144 1,121,000 986,507 1,054,00Percent of acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems which are maintained in desired conditions. 33.0% 33.0% 38.0% 32.0% 40.0Percent of treated acres identified in Community Wildfire Protection Plans or equivalent plans. 17.0% 24.7% 28.0% 36.0% 28.0

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 20

P

Discretionary Funds

Wildland Fire Management

NFP Research & Development

Customer satisfaction index score for R&D 72 72 72 72 

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Federal acres treated under NFP - Invasives 1,588 1,602 0 190 10

Federal acres treated under NFP - Native pests 39,668 21,146 19,259 20,028 39

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Acres treated on cooperative lands under NFP - Invasives 192,850 158,234 130,953 120,732 118Acres treated on cooperative lands under NFP - Native pests 8,441 12,456 11,798 782 4

NFP State Fire Assistance

Communities at risk from wildfire assisted - NFP (number) 7,150 29,064 6,765 17,353 7

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance

Volunteer fire departments assisted - NFP (number) 4,058 5,789 5,600 8,386 4

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 200

Pla

Permanent Funds

Brush Disposal

Brush Disposal

Acres of harvest related woody fuels treated 29,130 70,940 38,000 59,411 55,00

Salvage Timber Sales

Timber Salvage Sales

Volume of salvage timber sold (hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 1,862,175 978,050 797,000 871,054 511,00

Volume of salvage timber sold (million board feet (MMBF)) 974 517 399 472 25

Stewardship Contracting

Stewardship Contracting

Acres of forest vegetation established 47 111 50 784 1,03Acres of forest vegetation improved 13,008 14,275 13,000 15,854 20,84

Acres of noxious weeds/ invasive plant treatments 30 193 50 869 1,14

Acres of wildlife habitat restored or improved 4,022 12,196 8,000 5,804 7,63

Miles of stream habitat restored or enhanced 2 87 80 15 9

Miles of roads decommissioned 68 29 26 62 3

Miles of high clearance system roads improved N/A 129 116 105 13

Miles of passenger car system roads improved N/A 35 32 98 4

Volume of timber sold (hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 471,996 655,072 400,000 678,328 750,00

Volume of timber sold (million board feet (MMBF)) 241 331 200 339 37

Green tons of biomass made available for energy production 70,147 383,767 273,000 213,238 342,00Acres of stewardship contracts / agreements awarded 60,344 77,676 91,000 65,890 107,00Acres of hazardous fuels treated to reduce the risk of catastrophic fires 59,152 49,938 50,000 58,067 76,34Acres of wildland-urban interface (WUI) high-priority hazardous fuels treated 35,727 34,285 34,000 35,617 35,00Number of stewardship contracts / agreements contributing to watersheds in fully functioning condition (number) 7477 1

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Activity and Output/O ppropriation and BLI

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 200

Pla

Permanent Funds

Timber Sales Pipeline

Timber Sales Pipeline Preparation

Volume of pipeline timber prepared (hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 895,639 528,827 600,000 535,120 500,00

Volume of pipeline timber prepared (million board feet (MMBF)) 448 264 300 268 25

Forest Botanical Products

Forest Botanical Products

Sold value of forest botanical products $2,244,191 $2,503,442 $2,800,000 $1,075,452 $2,200,00

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg

Knutson-Vandenberg

Acres of forest vegetation established 63,112 62,195 117,846 59,135 101,85

Acres of forest vegetation improved 59,426 61,381 63,330 44,679 60,3Highest priority acres treated annually for noxious weeds and invasive plants on NFS lands 14,119 19,977 28,353 18,502 21,99Acres of lake habitat restored or enhanced with non-Wildlife funds 11 1,118 1,218 1,006 1,35

Miles of stream habitat restored or enhanced 19 2 21 9 1

Acres of wildlife habitat (terrestrial) (TES and Non-TES) restored or improved with non-Wildlife dollars N/A 99,663 232,246 103,518 134,25Miles of roads decommissioned 18 61 0 22 Miles of high clearance system roads improved N/A 33 0 0 Miles of passenger car system roads improved N/A 13 0 0 Number of stream crossings constructed or reconstructed to provide for aquatic organism passage 0 15 0 2 Acres of hazardous fuels treated to reduce risk of catastrophic fire N/A 129,864 0 146,604 44,17

Acres of rangeland vegetation improved 1,178 168 2,875 3,418 2,38

Acres of watershed improvement N/A 4,670 6,642 3,420 6,52

utcome Measures by A

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Measure

Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 200

Pla

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work

Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work

Acres of forest vegetation established 39,641 6,134 3,200 151 

Acres of forest vegetation improved N/A 4,570 0 767 Forestlands treated to achieve healthier conditions N/A 57,756 17,000 29,911 5,70

Volume of timber sold (hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 621,919 716,408 427,800 340,738 241,30

Volume of timber sold (million board feet (MMBF)) 329 372 214 179 12

Miles of property line maintained to standard N/A 14 0 0 Miles of landownership boundary line marked/maintained to standard N/A 36 0 6 Miles of property line marked to standard N/A 22 0 0 Miles of high clearance system roads receiving maintenance 692 1,811 0 136 Miles of road maintenance 1,908 3,609 0 0 Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance 1,216 1,799 0 272 Acres of hazardous fuels treated to reduce risk of catastrophic fire N/A 45,951 0 10,806 Acres of wildland-urban interface (WUI) high-priority hazardous fuels treated 110,893 35,588 0 5,549 Highest priority acres treated annually for noxious weeds and invasive plants on NFS lands 40,798 6,993 0 2,706 

Acres of rangeland vegetation improved 860 0 0 0 Acres of watershed improvement 773 242 0 2 Acres of lake habitat restored or enhanced with non-Wildlife funds 12 345 0 0 Miles of stream habitat restored or enhanced N/A 2 0 0 Acres of wildlife habitat (terrestrial) (TES and Non-TES) restored or improved with non-Wildlife dollars N/A 9,769 0 46 

Reforestation Trust Fund

Reforestation Trust Fund

Acres of forest vegetation established N/A 70,290 57,500 71,731 52,65Acres of forest vegetation improved N/A 22,782 13,300 26,231 21,84
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2 1 e stification Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H1 FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST ($ in thousands) Region 1 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 17 $ 143 $ 400 $ $ 417 $ 143 $ 560 $ $ $ 4,420 $ 1,026 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 1,383 $ $ $ $ 1,383 $ 1,383 $ 739 $ 512 $ $ R101 ID 1st Idaho Panhandle Outlet Campground, Phase 1 N $ 760 $ $ $ $ 760 $ $ 760 $ 420 $ 263 $ 696 $ R102 MT At Large Regional Office Aerial Fire Depot Roofing Y $ $ $ 381 $ $ 381 $ $ 381 $ $ 170 $ $ R103 MT At Large Custer Camp Crook Water System N $ $ $ 564 $ $ 564 $ $ 564 $ $ 437 $ $ R104 MT At Large Lewis & Clark Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center Health and Safety Improvements N $ $ $ 386 $ $ 386 $ $ 386 $ $ 300 $ $ R105 ID 1st Idaho Panhandle Nursery Roof Replacement N $ $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ TOTAL $ 777 $ 1,526 $ 2,181 $ $ 2,958 $ 1,526 $ 4,484 $ 1,159 $ 2,132 $ 5,116 $ 1,026 Region 2 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 50 $ 100 $ 50 $ 200 $ 100 $ 300 $ 400 $ 100 $ $ 5,349 $ Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R201 WY At Large Bighorn South Fork Campground Rehabilitation N $ 490 $ $ $ $ 490 $ $ 490 $ 100 $ 247 $ $ R202 CO 2nd Arapaho/ Roosevelt Shadow Mountain Village Exterior Bldg Rehabilitation N $ $ $ $ 668 $ $ 668 $ 668 $ $ 444 $ $ R203 CO 3rd Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, Gunnison Lottis Creek Recreation Area Rehabilitation N $ 500 $ 812 $ $ $ 500 $ 812 $ 1,312 $ 1,200 $ 1,460 $ $ R204 CO 2nd Arapaho/ Roosevelt Pawnee Campground/Picnic Area, Phase 1 N $ 400 $ 840 $ $ $ 400 $ 840 $ 1,240 $ 694 $ 1,079 $ 366 $ 602 R205 WY At Large Medicine Bow/Routt Walden Bunkhouse Y $ $ $ $ 1,080 $ $ 1,080 $ 1,080 $ $ 171 $ $ TOTAL $ 1,440 $ 1,752 $ 50 $ 1,948 $ 1,490 $ 3,700 $ 5,190 $ 2,094 $ 3,401 $ 5,715 $ 602 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 FY 2010 Facilities Funding TOTAL RDS. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL FAC. Mtce. TOTAL FAC. Imp. TOTAL FAC. REC Mtce. REC Imp. ID FY 2010 Facilities Funding Fire Fac? (Y/N) Project Name Forest Cong District State Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) ID State Cong District ForestOverview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H1 
FY 2010 S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2 1 et Justification

FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H2 FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 3 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 341 $ 156 $ $ 382 $ 341 $ 538 $ 879 $ $ $ 5,451 $ 890 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R301 NM 3rd Cibola Magdalena Ranger Station, Phase 1 Y $ $ $ $ 1,568 $ $ 1,568 $ 1,568 $ 450 $ 535 $ 5,760 $ 450 R302 AZ 1st Kaibab Kaibab Lake Campground N $ 818 $ $ $ $ 818 $ $ 818 $ 535 $ 310 $ $ R303 AZ 1st Prescott Lynx Southshore Recreation N $ 95 $ 355 $ $ $ 95 $ 355 $ 450 $ 190 $ 93 $ $ R304 AZ 5th Tonto Needle Rock Campground, Phase 1 N $ $ 668 $ $ $ $ 668 $ 668 $ 400 $ 4 $ 1,500 $ 400 TOTAL $ 1,254 $ 1,179 $ $ 1,950 $ 1,254 $ 3,129 $ 4,383 $ 1,575 $ 942 $ 12,711 $ 1,740 Region 4 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 40 $ 25 $ 45 $ 60 $ 85 $ 85 $ 170 $ 40 $ $ 3,520 $ 920 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 170 $ $ 350 $ $ 520 $ 520 $ $ 130 $ $ R401 ID 2nd Salmon-Challis Central Idaho Fire Aviation Center Y $ $ $ $ 2,400 $ $ 2,400 $ 2,400 $ $ 454 $ $ R402 UT 2nd Dixie Pine Valley Recreation Area Reconstruction, Phase 3 N $ $ 450 $ $ $ $ 450 $ 450 $ 1,505 $ 356 $ $ R403 ID 1st Payette Payette Seasonal Housing N $ $ $ $ 2,130 $ $ 2,130 $ 2,130 $ 275 $ 1,082 $ $ TOTAL $ 40 $ 645 $ 45 $ 4,940 $ 85 $ 5,585 $ 5,670 $ 1,820 $ 2,022 $ 3,520 $ 920 FY 2010 Facilities Funding Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) REC Mtce. REC Imp. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. FY 2010 Facilities FundingOverview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H2 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 5 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 117 $ 182 $ 48 $ 64 $ 165 $ 246 $ 411 $ $ $ 5,491 $ 830 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R501 CA 25th Inyo Ancient Bristlecone Pine Visitor Center N $ $ 2,105 $ $ $ $ 2,105 $ 2,105 $ $ 1,800 $ $ R502 CA 26th Angeles Pyramid Lake Rehabilitation N $ 1,069 $ $ $ $ 1,069 $ $ 1,069 $ 707 $ 1,326 $ $ R503 CA 1st Six Rivers Smith River National Recreation Area Warehouse Y $ $ $ 996 $ $ 996 $ $ 996 $ $ 696 $ $ R504 CA 2nd Klamath Oak Knoll Work Center Y $ $ $ $ 1,028 $ $ 1,028 $ 1,028 $ 226 $ 811 $ $ R505 CA 4th Lassen Merrill Campground, Phase 3 N $ 1,115 $ $ $ $ 1,115 $ $ 1,115 $ 59 $ 700 $ $ R506 CA 19th Stanislaus Long Barn Barracks Y $ $ $ $ 1,126 $ $ 1,126 $ 1,126 $ 663 $ $ TOTAL $ 2,301 $ 2,287 $ 1,044 $ 2,218 $ 3,345 $ 4,505 $ 7,850 $ 1,655 $ 5,333 $ 5,491 $ 830 Region 6

Facilities Roads

Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 200 $ $ 175 $ 180 $ 375 $ 180 $ 555 $ $ $ 5,230 $ 

Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement 

Projects**

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

R601 WA 3rd Mt. St. Helens Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic 

Monument

N $ 162 $ 1,033 $ $ $ 162 $ 1,033 $ 1,195 $ 600 $ 150 $ $ 

R602 OR 5th Siuslaw Siuslaw/Corvallis Collocation - 

East Wing Replacement

N $ $ $ 1,500 $ 2,600 $ 1,500 $ 2,600 $ 4,100 $ $ 4,770 $ $ 

R603 OR 2nd Malheur Prairie City Offices & 

Warehouse

N $ $ $ 1,800 $ $ 1,800 $ $ 1,800 $ $ 880 $ $ 

R604 OR 2nd Deschutes Allingham Guard Station Water 

System, Phase 2

N $ 250 $ $ $ $ 250 $ $ 250 $ 235

R605 WA 3rd Gifford Pinchot Johnston Ridge Observatory 

Deferred Maintenance

N $ 410 $ $ $ $ 410 $ $ 410 $ $ 410 $ $ 

 TOTAL $ 1,022 $ 1,033 $ 3,475 $ 2,780 $ 4,497 $ 3,813 $ 8,310 $ 600 $ 6,445 $ 5,230 $ 

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

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Be

$ 

yond FY 2010 TOTAL

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 ID State

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Fire

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TOTAL

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FY 2010 Facilities Funding

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H3 
FY 2010 S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of 201 et Justification

FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H4 FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 8 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ 120 $ 239 $ 120 $ 239 $ 359 $ $ $ 3,850 $ Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R801 TN 2nd Cherokee Tellico River Corridor Recreation Rehabilitation, Phase 3 N $ 330 $ $ $ $ 330 $ $ 330 $ 650 $ 275 $ $ R802 VA 6th George Washington/ Jefferson Elizabeth Furnace Water/ Sanitation Rehabilitation N $ 265 $ $ $ $ 265 $ $ 265 $ $ 630 $ $ R803 SC 6th Francis Marion Francis Marion Ranger District Office, Phase 2 N $ $ $ $ 1,080 $ $ 1,080 $ 1,080 $ $ 712 $ $ R804 AR 2nd Ozark-St. Francis Pleasant Hill Ranger District Office Addition & Renovation N $ $ $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 1,500 $ $ 647 $ $ R805 SC 3rd Francis Marion Burrells Ford Campground Rehabilitation N $ 355 $ $ $ $ 355 $ $ 355 $ $ 175 $ $ TOTAL $ 950 $ $ 1,120 $ 1,819 $ 2,070 $ 1,819 $ 3,889 $ 650 $ 2,439 $ 3,850 $ Region 9 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ $ 620 $ $ 620 $ 620 $ 65 $ $ 9,500 $ 650 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 311 $ $ $ $ 311 $ 311 $ $ $ $ R901 MI 1st Ottawa Watersmeet Administrative Site, Phase 3 N $ $ $ $ 2,000 $ $ 2,000 $ 2,000 $ 300 $ 2,172 $ $ R902 MN 8th Chippewa Walker Administrative Site, Phase 1 N $ $ $ $ 1,000 $ $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ 250 $ 2,465 $ 4,500 $ 1,125 R903 MI 1st Hiawatha Clear Lake Environmental Education Center N $ 480 $ $ $ $ 480 $ $ 480 $ $ 450 $ $ TOTAL $ 480 $ 311 $ $ 3,620 $ 480 $ 3,931 $ 4,411 $ 615 $ 5,087 $ 14,000 $ 1,775 Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. DEF. MTCE. ELIM. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. TOTAL Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. FY 2010 Facilities Funding REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. FY 2010 Facilities FundingOverview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H4 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2 10 Budget Justification Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H-5 FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 10 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 105 $ 28 $ 242 $ 175 $ 347 $ 203 $ 550 $ 48 $ $ 2,879 $ 102 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 909 $ $ 172 $ $ 1,081 $ 1,081 $ $ 150 $ $ R1001 AK At Large Chugach Porcupine Creek Campground Reconstruction N $ 1,529 $ 382 $ $ $ 1,529 $ 382 $ 1,911 $ 1,385 $ 312 $ $ R1002 AK At Large Tongass Thorne Bay Quads, Phase 2 and 3

N $ $ $ 815 $ 91 $ 815 $ 91 $ 906 $ $ 611 $ $ 

 TOTAL $ 1,634 $ 1,319 $ 1,057 $ 438 $ 2,691 $ 1,757 $ 4,448 $ 1,433 $ 1,073 $ 2,879 $ 102

Stations

Facilities Roads

Stationwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ 48 $ 376 $ 48 $ 376 $ 424 $ $ $ 3,160 $ Stationwide Minor Capital Improvement 

Projects**

$ $ $ $ 120 $ $ 120 $ 120 $ $ $ $

S001 AK At Large Pacific NW Juneau Lab Collocation,

Phase 1

N $ $ $ $ 4,980 $ $ 4,980 $ 4,980 $ $ 197 $ 4,970 $ 

S002 MS 3rd Southern Wood Products Insect 

Laboratory

N $ $ $ $ 1,000 $ $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ $ 513 $ $ 

S003 MN 8th Northern Grand Rapids Lab Renovation N $ $ $ 379 $ $ 379 $ $ 379 $ $ 249 $ $ 

S004 WV 1st Northern Parsons Lab Renovation N $ $ $ 254 $ $ 254 $ $ 254 $ $ 87 $ $ 

S005 MS 1st Southern Oxford HVAC Replacement N $ $ $ 432 $ $ 432 $ $ 432 $ $ 462 $ $ 

S006 NJ 3rd Northern Silas Little Experiment Forest 

Remodel

N $ $ $ 253 $ $ 253 $ $ 253 $ $ 37 $ $ 

S007 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Tenderfoot Creek

Experimental Forest Administrative Site 

N $ $ $ $ 495 $ $ 495 $ 495 $ $ $ $

S008 MN 4th Northern St. Paul Elevator and Roof 

Replacement

N $ $ $ 475 $ $ 475 $ $ 475 $ $ 403 $ $ 

S009 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Main Building 

Office/Lab Renovation

N $ $ $ 385 $ $ 385 $ $ 385 $ $ 267 $ $ 

S010 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Headhouse/ 

Greenhouse Complex 

N $ $ $ 269 $ $ 269 $ $ 269 $ $ 95 $ $ 

S011 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Warehouse Complex 

Renovation

N $ $ $ 252 $ $ 252 $ $ 252 $ $ 56 $ $ 

S012 HI 2nd Pacific SW Hawaii Research Field Stations - 

Phase 2

N $ $ $ $ 660 $ $ 660 $ 660 $ $ $ $

S013 PR N/A Inter. Institute of

Tropical Forestry

Sabana Woodshop Renovation N $ $ $ $ 519 $ $ 519 $ 519 $ $ 39 $ $ 

S014 WI 2nd Forest Products 

Lab

Freight Elevator Replacement N $ $ $ 785 $ $ 785 $ $ 785 $ 866

S015 CO 4th Rocky Mountain Ft. Collins Prospect Renovation 

Planning & Design

N $ $ $ $ 370 $ $ 370 $ 370 $ $ 450 $ 3,540 $ 

 TOTAL $ $ $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 12,052 $ $ 3,721 $ 11,670 $ 

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010 TOTAL

FAC. 

TOTAL

RDS.

FA&O

Mtce. Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp. ID State

Cong

District Station/Lab

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

FA&O

Imp. State

Cong

District Forest Project Name

TOTAL

RDS. ID

FA&O

Mtce.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page H-5 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2 10 Budget Jus tion

 Page H-6 

FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

 Page H-6 

FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued)

($ in thousands)

Northeastern Area

Facilities Roads

Areawide Minor Capital Improvement 

Projects**

$ $ $ $ 310 $ $ 310 $ 310 $ $ 75 $ $ 

NA01 PA 10th Grey Towers Meadow Ponds Dam 

Rehabilitation

N $ $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ $ 415 $ $ 

 TOTAL $ $ $ 400 $ 310 $ 400 $ 310 $ 710 $ $ 490 $ $ 

Technology Development Centers

Facilities Roads

MT At Large Missoula 

Technology 

Development 

Center

Minor Capital Improvement Projects**

$ $ $ $ 163 $ $ 163 $ 163 $ $ $ $

SD01 CA 26th San Dimas 

Technology 

Development 

Center

Energy Conservation and Renewable Generation

N $ $ $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ 400 $ $ $ $

 TOTAL $ $ $ $ 563 $ $ 563 $ 563 $ $ $ $

TOTALS FOR REGIONS, STATIONS, AREA, and TECH CENTERS

Facilities Roads

Regional Subtotal $ 9,898 $ 10,052 $ 8,972 $ 19,713 $ 18,870 $ 29,765 $ 48,635 $ 11,601 $ 28,874 $ 58,512 $ 6,995

 Stations Subtotal $ $ $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 12,052 $ $ 3,721 $ 11,670 $ 

 Northeastern Area and

Tech Centers Subtotal

$ $ $ 400 $ 873 $ 400 $ 873 $ 1,273 $ $ 490 $ $ 

TOTAL, MAJOR PROJECT LIST

$ 9,898 $ 10,052 $ 12,904 $ 29,106 $ 22,802 $ 39,158 $ 61,960 $ 11,601 $ 33,085 $ 70,182 $ 6,995

Recreation Maintenance Projects Under $250,000

$ 53,764 $ $ $ $ 53,764 $ $ 53,764 $ $ $ $

 Washington Office $ 2,897 $ 658 $ 819 $ 1,849 $ 3,716 $ 2,507 $ 6,223 $ $ 

 Albuquerque Service Center 

Business Management

 $ 4,891 $ 772 $ 961 $ 2,169 $ 5,852 $ 2,941 $ 8,793 $ $ $ $

 TOTAL, OTHER PROGRAM 

SUPPORT

 $ 61,552 $ 1,430 $ 1,780 $ 4,018 $ 63,332 $ 5,448 $ 68,780 $ $ $ $

TOTAL FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST

$ 71,450 $ 11,482 $ 14,684 $ 33,124 $ 86,134 $ 44,606 $ 130,740 $ 11,601 $ 33,085 $ 70,182 $ 6,995

Notes:

*Planning and Design (P&D) for capital investment projects costing more than $250,000. Project names are provided in the associated fact sheet. **Capital improvement projects costing less than $250,000.

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

TOTAL

RDS.

REC

Mtce.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

RDS.

TOTAL

RDS.

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp.

 ID State

Cong

District Tech. Center Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

REC

Imp.

REC

Imp.

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

 ID State

Cong

District Unit Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

REC

Mtce.

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

$ 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix I 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 Program Components and Costs of the Timber Sales Program

Program Components and Costs of the Timber Sales Program 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 

CUBIC FEET 2008 2009 2010 

Final Enacted Proposed 

National Forest System Forest Products

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $322,503 $332,666 $328,959 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 3,384,568 4,242,200 4,195,000 

Salvage Sale Fund

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $43,939 $46,000 $41,080 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 871,054 511,000 338,100 

Knutson - Vandenberg Funds (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $21,061 $12,300 $10,000 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 340,738 241,300 294,700 

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund (Sale Preparation only)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $3,362 $3,000 $2,100 

Purchaser Election – Vegetation Work (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $15,000 $0 $0 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 157,619 0 0 

Total, Timber Sales Program

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $405,865 $393,966 $382,139 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 4,753,979 4,994,500 4,827,800 

 Average unit cost ($/CCF) $85.37 $78.88 $79.15 

Total, Timber Harvested (CCF) 3,939,551 3,800,000 3,968,000 

Road Construction/Reconstruction for Timber Sales and Land

Stewardship Contracting (Dollars in thousands)

 Forest Service Engineering Support for Forest Products $38,600 $47,500 $48,800 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page I-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page I-2

Program Components and Costs of the Timber Sales Program 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 

BOARD FEET 2008 2009 2010 

Final Enacted Proposed 

National Forest System Forest Products

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $322,503 $332,666 $328,959 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 1,754 2,121 2,098 

Salvage Sale Fund

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $43,939 $46,000 $41,080 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 472 256 169 

Knutson -Vandenberg Funds (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $21,061 $12,300 $10,000 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 179 121 147 

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund (Sale Preparation only) 

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $3,362 $3,000 $2,100 

Purchaser Election (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $15,000 $0 $0 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 79 0 0 

Total, Timber Sales Program

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $405,865 $393,966 $382,139 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 2,484 2,498 2,414 

 Average unit cost ($/MBF) $163.39 $157.71 $158.30 

Total, Timber Harvest (MMBF) 2,049 1,900 1,984 

Road Construction/Reconstruction for Timber Sales and Land

Stewardship Contracting (Dollars in thousands)

 Forest Service Engineering Support for Forest Products $38,600 $47,500 $48,800 
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix J

FY 2010 Proposed Land Acquisition Program

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Project Forest State Amount

Agnew Tract (Hurdy Gurdy) Six Rivers CA $1,000 

Garner Home Ranch San Bernardino CA $500 

Big Horn Mine Angeles CA $1,000 

Big Sur Ecosystem Los Padres CA $1,000 

Sierra Nevada Checkerboard Tahoe CA $1,000 

Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest Chattahoochee-Oconee GA $1,000 

Hoosier National Forest Hoosier IN $250 

Great Lakes/Great Lands Ottawa MI $1,500 

Minnesota Wilderness Chippewa/Superior MN $750 

Missouri Ozarks Mark Twain MO $500 

Greater Yellowstone Area Multiple MT $1,000 

Blackfoot Challenge Helena MT $1,000 

White Mountain National Forest White Mountain NH $434 

Bear Creek Ranch (Phase II) Gila NM $1,000 

Imnaha River Canyon, Hells Canyon NRA Wallowa-Whitman OR $1,500 

Allegheny National Forest Allegheny PA $500 

Lady C Ranch Black Hills SD $1,000 

Rocky Fork Watershed Cherokee TN $3,000 

High Uintas Uinta/Wasatch-Cache UT $1,500 

Green Mountain National Forest Green Mountain VT $250 

Cascade Ecosystems Mt. Baker/Wenatchee WA $1,000 

Wisconsin Wild Waterways Chequamegon-Nicolet WI $1,000 

 Total Purchase $21,684 

 Acquisition Management $7,000 

 Critical Inholdings/Wilderness Protection $0 

 Cash Equalization $0 

Total $28,684 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page J-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Appendix K

Forest Legacy Program FY2010 Project List

Final 

Rank State Project Name Funding 

Request 

1 AZ San Pedro River Ecosystem $900,000 

2 ME Katahdin Forest Expansion $3,700,000 

3 ID McArthur Lake Wildlife Corridor $3,345,000 

4 MA Southern Monadnock Plateau II $1,120,000 

5 MT Murray Douglas Conservation Easement $2,900,000 

6 TN North Cumberland Conservation Area $4,160,000 

7 MA Metacomet-Monadnock Forest $245,000 

8 MN Koochiching Forest Legacy $3,000,000 

9 DE Green Horizons $4,000,000 

10 VT Eden Forest $2,200,000 

11 VA Chowan River Headwaters $2,240,000 

12 AS Ottoville Rainforest Preserve $1,000,000 

13 IA Preparation Canyon $1,315,000 

14 NJ Musconetcong & Rockaway River Watersheds $1,000,000 

15 ID Bane Creek Neighbors $2,465,000 

16 SC Belfast $3,250,000 

17 CA Chalk Mountain Area $2,000,000 

18 OR Skyline Forest $2,500,000 

19 WA Mt. St. Helens Forest $2,500,000 

20 NH Cardigan Highlands $2,400,000 

21 FL St. Vincent Sound-to-Lake Wimico $2,500,000 

22 WV South Branch $230,000 

23 GA Murff tract- Rayonier Forest $3,500,000 

24 WI Wild Rivers $2,330,000 

25 AK South Denali $675,000 

26 CO Snow Mountain Ranch $2,500,000 

27 NV Castles-Bowers Mansion $900,000 

28 AL Cumberland Mountains Preserve $640,000 

29 OH Vinton furnace $1,610,000 

30 TX Longleaf Ridge $1,820,000 

31 NY Follensby Pond $2,500,000 

32 USVI Annaly Bay/Hermitage Valley $1,500,000 

33 HI Kainalu Forest Watershed $1,500,000 

34 CT Tulmeadow Farm $1,415,000 

35 UT Dry Lakes Ranch $1,400,000 

36 WI Chippewa Flowage $1,500,000 

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page K-1
FY 2010 U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service 

 Overview of FY 2010 Budget Justification

Overview of the FY 2010 President’s Budget Page K-2

Final 

Rank State Project Name Funding 

Request 

37 ME Rangeley High Peaks $555,000 

38 OR South Eugene Hills Phase II $1,000,000 

39 CA Miller Forest CE $500,000 

40 CT Wolf Hill $600,000 

41 NM Vallecitos High Country $1,650,000 

42 WA Scatter Creek Phase I $1,200,000 

43 AR Maumelle Water Excellence $1,790,000 

44 PA Little Bushkill Headwaters Forest Reserve $1,500,000 

45 PR Rio Abajo Project $300,000 

46 GA Ft. Stewart ACUB 1 $805,000 

47 KY Pope Creek/Putnam Knob $1,000,000 

Program Administrative Funding $6,400,000 

Initiate implementation of Community Forest 

Program * $1,000,000 

Total Funding $91,060,000 * $1 million of FLP funds will be used to initiate implementation of the Community Forest and Open Space 

Conservation Program, authorized in the 2008 Farm Bill 

Italics indicate proposed projects involving easements that will be accomplished using the $34 million 

funding increase as part of the Conserves New Land Presidential Initiative. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification 

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget at a Glance

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Activity

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & 

Other Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

P

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $285,926 $296,380 $5,131 $101 

Wildland Fire & Fuels R&D $26,993 $28,646 $491 $0 Invasive Species R&D $34,397 $35,464 $594 $0 Recreation R&D $4,113 $4,940 $82 $0 Resource Management & Use $85,757 $88,878 $1,487 $101 Water, Air & Soil R&D $35,379 $36,442 $610 $0 Wildlife & Fish R&D $30,541 $31,609 $531 $0 Inventory & Monitoring R&D $8,374 $9,631 $167 $0 Forest Inventory & Analysis $60,372 $60,770 $1,169 $0 

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 $0 $0 -$1,000 

Forest & Rangeland Research Total $285,926 $296,380 $5,131 -$899 

State & Private Forestry

Annual Appropriations

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $54,110 $54,110 $1,172 $0 Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $44,542 $46,292 $230 -$699 State Fire Assistance $32,605 $35,000 $147 $0 Volunteer Fire Assistance $5,906 $6,000 $0 $1,000 Forest Stewardship Program $29,532 $27,000 $240 $1,129 Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $49,445 $170 $41,445 

Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $49,445 $170 $7,445 Presidential Initiative: Conserve New Lands $0 $0 $0 $34,000 

Urban & Community Forestry $27,691 $29,541 $336 -$550 Economic Action Programs $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 Forest Resources Information & Analysis $4,516 $5,000 $35 $0 International Forestry $7,383 $8,500 $68 $500 

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0 

State & Private Forestry Total $262,808 $265,861 $2,398 $37,852 

(dollars in thousands)

Budget at a Glance 2-1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification 

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget at a Glance

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Activity

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & 

Other Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

P

Discretionary Funds

National Forest System

Annual Appropriations

Land Management Planning $48,833 $48,833 $799 -$4,114 

Maintain Land Management Plans $26,218 $26,723 $363 -$6,378 Create/Revise Land Management Plans $22,615 $22,110 $436 $2,264 

Inventory & Monitoring $166,580 $167,580 $2,115 -$1,000 

Conduct Strategic Resource Inventories $76,010 $78,127 $821 -$5,794 Conduct Land Management Plan Monitoring $73,478 $63,814 $965 $4,314 Conduct Land Management Plan Assessments $17,092 $25,639 $329 $480 

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness $262,635 $277,635 $5,482 -$3,000 

Manage Recreation Operations $160,715 $159,380 $2,957 -$7,494 Administer Recreation Special Use Authorizations $37,669 $43,148 $879 $1,030 Manage Heritage Resources $27,118 $29,651 $610 $1,776 Manage Wilderness & Wild & Scenic Rivers $37,133 $45,456 $1,036 $1,688 

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management $132,385 $139,385 $3,586 -$1,500 

Manage Aquatic Habitat $47,624 $50,655 $1,516 $4,702 Manage Terrestrial Habitat $74,111 $79,551 $1,842 -$6,182 

Provide Wildlife Interpretation & Education $10,650 $9,179 $228 -$20 

Grazing Management $48,163 $50,000 $765 -$816 

Manage Grazing Allotments $24,512 $25,823 $390 -$423 Prepare Grazing Allotment NEPA $23,651 $24,177 $375 -$393 

Forest Products $322,503 $332,666 $5,763 -$9,470 

Plan & Prepare Timber Sales $229,531 $242,809 $4,046 -$621 Administer Timber Sales $92,972 $89,857 $1,717 -$8,849 Special Forest Products $0 $0 $0 $0 

(dollars in thousands)

Budget at a Glance 2-2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification 

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget at a Glance

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Activity

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & 

Other Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

P

Discretionary Funds

National Forest System

Annual Appropriations

Vegetation & Watershed Management $177,437 $180,437 $3,349 -$1,500 

Improve Forest Vegetation $36,085 $36,853 $623 $129 Establish Forest Vegetation $37,022 $37,374 $472 -$6,169 Manage Rangeland Vegetation $21,633 $22,123 $442 -$20 Maintain & Improve Watershed Conditions $56,351 $57,054 $1,279 $1,817 Manage Noxious Weeds & Invasive Plants $21,506 $22,264 $431 $2,799 Manage Air Quality $4,840 $4,769 $102 -$56 

Minerals & Geology Management $84,143 $85,470 $1,180 $0 

Administer Minerals Operations $31,193 $29,274 $464 -$412 Process Mineral Applications $23,395 $22,047 $348 $352 Manage Geologic Resources & Hazards $8,984 $8,460 $134 -$329 AML Safety Risk Mitigated $7,885 $6,269 $102 $798 Manage Environmental Compliance $3,218 $2,774 $44 -$139 Manage Environmental Restoration $9,468 $16,646 $88 -$270 

Landownership Management $91,299 $93,299 $1,469 -$396 

Adjust Land Ownership $15,411 $12,369 $160 -$263 Protect Land Ownership Title $9,615 $10,925 $169 $416 Locate Land Boundaries $29,333 $33,191 $576 -$109 Administer Land Use Authorizations $22,833 $23,991 $341 -$1,529 Process Land Use Proposals $14,107 $12,823 $223 $1,089 

Law Enforcement Operations $131,910 $135,500 $1,729 -$2,182 

Enforce Laws & Regulations $86,294 $89,183 $1,383 -$1,328 Investigate Crime $45,616 $46,317 $346 -$854 

Valles Caldera National Preserve $3,691 $4,000 $0 -$500 Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 -$5,000 $0 -$5,000 

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0 

National Forest System Total $488,480 $493,706 $7,727 -$9,578 

(dollars in thousands)

Budget at a Glance 2-3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification 

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget at a Glance

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Activity

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & 

Other Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

P

Discretionary Funds

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Annual Appropriations

Presidential Initiative: Protecting the National Forests $0 $0 $0 $50,000 Facilities $121,755 $126,453 $644 $3,643 

Maintain Facilities $64,192 $72,597 $451 $13,086 Improve Facilities $57,563 $53,856 $193 -$9,443 

Roads $227,924 $228,825 $2,432 $3,743 

Maintain Passenger Car Roads $96,427 $120,701 $1,285 $1,972 Maintain High Clearance & Closed Roads $19,655 $37,627 $399 $616 Decommission Roads $4,393 $4,172 $44 $69 Improve Roads $107,449 $66,325 $704 $1,086 

Trails $76,365 $81,015 $1,186 -$120 

Maintain Trails $56,126 $60,649 $889 $208 Improve Trails $20,239 $20,366 $297 -$328 

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement $8,958 $9,100 $41 $0 Legacy Roads & Trails $39,766 $50,000 $0 $0 

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 $0 $0 $0 

Capital Improvement & Maintenance Total $518,768 $495,393 $4,303 $57,266 

Land Acquisition

Annual Appropriations

Land Acquisition $41,827 $49,775 $194 -$21,285 

Land Acquisition Management $9,844 $8,000 $194 -$1,194 Purchase Land $31,983 $41,775 $0 -$20,091 

Acquisition of Lands for National Forest Special Acts $1,037 $1,050 $0 $0 

Acquire Lands Special Acts $1,037 $1,050 $0 $0 

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges $221 $250 $0 $0 

Complete Land Exchanges $221 $250 $0 $0 

Land Acquisition Total $43,085 $51,075 $194 -$21,285 

(dollars in thousands)

Budget at a Glance 2-4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification 

Budget at a Glance 2-5 

FY 2010 Forest Service Budget at a Glance

Appropriation

Budget Line Item

Activity

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & 

Other Cost 

Changes

Program 

Changes

P

Discretionary Funds

Other Appropriations

Annual Appropriations

Range Betterment Fund $2,556 $3,600 $0 $0 Gifts, Donations, & Bequests for Research $55 $50 $0 $0 Mgt. of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses $4,974 $5,000 $0 -$2,418 

Other Appropriations Total $7,585 $8,650 $0 -$2,418 

Wildland Fire Management

Annual Appropriations

Preparedness $665,819 $675,000 $10,756 -$10,756 Fire Operations - Suppression $845,620 $993,947 $7,445 $127,113 Hazardous Fuels $310,086 $328,086 $4,000 -$16,801 

Non-Wildland-Urban Hazardous Fuels $76,937 $79,732 $1,218 -$3,747 Wildland-Urban Hazardous Fuels $233,149 $248,354 $2,782 -$13,054 

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration $10,828 $11,500 $0 -$2,500 NFP Research & Development $23,519 $23,917 $0 $0 Joint Fire Science Program $7,875 $8,000 $0 $0 NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $14,030 $17,252 $0 -$2,812 NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $9,858 $9,928 $0 -$2,928 NFP State Fire Assistance $47,967 $55,000 $0 -$5,000 NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $7,875 $9,000 $0 -$2,000 

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire 

Fire Operations - Suppression $932,000 $200,000 $0 $0 Fire Operations - Other $380,000 $0 $0 $0 

Wildland Fire Management Total $3,255,477 $2,331,630 $22,201 $84,316 

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve

Annual Appropriations

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve $0 $0 $0 $282,000 

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve Total $0 $0 $0 $282,000 

Discretionary Funds Total $5,843,228 $4,958,794 $60,464 $407,354 Permanent Funds $630,661 $780,717 $0 -$73,468 Trust Funds $158,447 $175,682 $0 -$1,383 Grand Total, Forest Service $6,632,336 $5,915,193 $60,464 $332,503 

(dollars in thousands)
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

USDA Forest Service 

Annual Performance Report 

Table of Contents 

Introduction....................................................................................................3-2 

FY 2010 Budget Request by Strategic Goal ...............................................................3-4 

FY 2010 Full Time Equivalents by Strategic Goal........................................................3-4 

Results by Goal: 

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain, and Enhance the Nation’s Forests and Grasslands................3-5 

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits .............................................................3-17 

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space ....................................................................3-23 

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities ........................... 3-29 

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service ....................3-35 

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Program ................................3-39 

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable 

Natural Resources Management.........................................................3-42 

External Audits and Reviews .................................................................................3-45 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 Funding and FTEs by Strategic Goal..............................................3-48 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Annual Performance Report 

Introduction 

This chapter presents the Forest Service’s plans and accomplishments that contribute to the agency’s 

strategic goals and objectives. The information analyzes program performance at the strategic goal level, 

including the program assessments for certain programs. The chapter serves as the agency’s Government 

Performance and Results Act Annual Performance Report for FY 2008. The discussion for each goal 

includes: 1) 2008 performance data for each measure, 2) an assessment of those results, 3) corrective 

action plans where appropriate, and 4) implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

Forest Service Mission 

The agency mission is to “Sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and 

grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations.” 

Strategic Plan Overview 

The Forest Service Strategic Plan for FY 2007 – 2012 identifies seven strategic goals consistent with the 

agency’s mission: 

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain, and Enhance the Nation’s Forests and Grasslands 

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People 

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space 

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities 

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service 

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs 

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural Resources Management 

Each goal includes specific strategic objectives and strategic performance measures, with baselines and 

FY 2012 targets for each measure. The Strategic Plan can be found at: http://www.fs.fed.us/plan/

Corrective Action Plans for Strategic Measures with Material Variances from Targets

In this chapter, each strategic goal discussion includes a description of and explanation for unmet targets 

for strategic measures from FY 2008. Included in the explanation for each performance measure is a 

discussion of any material inadequacies of the data, explanations for the variance, and the necessary 

corrective actions, if applicable. 

Performance accountability is an integral part of Forest Service operating standards for work planning and 

accomplishment reporting. The agency assigns targets to Washington Office (WO) staff, regions, 

stations, and the Northeastern Area based on the agency’s strategic plan goals and objectives, and input 

from executive leaders as to on-the-ground capability. Each unit within the agency develops a program of 

work consisting of specific projects planned in the Forest Service WorkPlan system that include 

accomplishments based on congressional direction, the strategic plan, resource management plans, and 

budget allocations. Project plans are reviewed and updated throughout the fiscal year to reflect changed 

conditions. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Accomplishment data is gathered at the national forest level, reported in a designated database, and 

summarized by region and agency level for use by internal and external customers. Accomplishments for 

key performance measures are used as part of the annual performance evaluations of the Regional 

Foresters and other Senior Executive Service members. 

In 2005, the Forest Service issued an internal directive to improve internal controls over performance data 

reporting. Managers, supervisors, and project staff continually review the completeness and quality of the 

data at the ranger district, national forest, and regional levels. The Forest Service requires regional level 

line officers to certify the validity and reliability of key performance data, and to document data items that 

do not meet the standard. On-site activity and program reviews conducted by Washington Office staff 

enhance the review and analysis of information reported during the year. Year-end accomplishment 

reports are analyzed and agency level corrective action plans are developed for unmet measures. 

The Relationship of Program Assessments to the Forest Service Strategic Plan 

Program assessments are used by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the Forest Service to 

evaluate program efficiency and effectiveness. The agency’s Strategic Plan and all program assessments 

are strongly related through use of some common long-term performance measures. The Forest Service 

conducts in depth evaluations every five years and annual improvement plans every year to increase 

program effectiveness. 

FY 2010 Budget Request by Strategic Goal (in thousands) 

Strategic Plan Goal

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain and Enhance the Nation's Forests and Grasslands $4,903,708 $4,106,995 $4,255,508

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People $401,114 $393,944 $388,368

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space $161,510 $164,044 $186,759

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities $601,895 $666,396 $683,900

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service $429,232 $448,485 $456,536

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs $32,898 $34,926 $34,763

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable 

Natural Resources Management $101,979 $100,403 $102,326

Grand Total, Forest Service $6,632,336 $5,915,193 $6,108,160

Table Note: FY 2008 total includes supplemental funding 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2010 Budget by Strategic Goal

Goal 3

3%

Goal 7

2%

Goal 2

6%

Goal 4

11%

Goal 6

1% Goal 5

7%

Goal 1

70%

Goal 1

Goal 2

Goal 3

Goal 4

Goal 5

Goal 6

Goal 7

FY 2010 Full Time Equivalents by Strategic Goal 

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain and Enhance the Nation's Forests and Grasslands 21,107 21,194 21,107

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People 2,648 2,669 2,614

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space 383 368 368

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities 4,075 4,164 4,218

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service 2,431 2,357 2,341

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs 79 80 80

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural Resources Managemen 691 664 664

FTE's Only

Allocation 1,074 1,074 1,074

Discretionary Reimbursable 610 610 610

Working Capital Fund 525 525 525

Grand Total, Forest Service 33,623 33,705 33,601

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 1: Restore, sustain, and enhance the Nation’s forests and grasslands 

Outcome: Forests and grasslands with the capacity to maintain their health, productivity, 

diversity, and resistance to naturally severe disturbance.

Healthy forests and rangelands, and their watersheds and ecosystems, provide many benefits for current 

and future generations. Since its creation, the Forest Service has balanced land stewardship with meeting 

public desires for goods and services from National Forest System (NFS) lands. Despite past successes, 

challenges persist. Population growth and expanding urban centers raise demand for goods, services, and 

amenities from the Nation’s private and public forests and rangelands at the same time that natural 

disturbances and non-natural changes increase stress and risk of catastrophic wildfire for forest and 

rangeland ecosystems. 

Disturbance is a natural process, which is often required to maintain or restore desired ecological 

components and relationships. However, the Forest Service and partners are challenged to manage 

disturbance to sustain healthy ecosystems while avoiding intolerable impacts to the goods and services 

provided to the public by these wildlands. Fire is a natural component of most forest ecosystems, but 

when fires occur in uncharacteristically heavy fuel conditions, during periods of prolonged drought and 

high winds, or within the wildland urban interface, they threaten both communities and the environment. 

Invasive species, including insects, pathogens, plants, and aquatic pests, pose a long-term risk to forest 

and rangeland health. Over-crowded forest stands and drought have also increased the extent and 

frequency of insect and disease outbreaks. Forest Service efforts to restore and enhance ecosystem health 

address the quantity and quality of water produced from public and private forests and rangelands, and 

improve terrestrial and aquatic habitat for wildlife and fish. Through management actions on national 

forests and grasslands and through support for State and private management of non-Federal lands, the 

Nation’s wildland ecosystems will be restored, more resilient, and better able to respond to future climate 

change and other disturbances. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain and Enhance the Nation's Forests and Grasslands

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $142,313 $149,790 $151,850

State & Private Forestry $137,163 $141,402 $143,252

National Forest System $587,830 $632,351 $630,643

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $117,040 $121,947 $133,884

Other Appropriations $4,974 $5,000 $2,582

Wildland Fire Management $1,943,477 $2,131,630 $2,238,147

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve $0 $0 $282,000

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 $0 $0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 $200,000 $0

Discretionary Funds Total $4,288,797 $3,382,120 $3,582,358

Permanent Funds $504,278 $606,247 $555,893

Trust Funds $110,633 $118,628 $117,257

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-5
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Principle Programs to Achieve Goal 1 

Many Forest Service programs contribute to achieving the outcomes of Goal 1. Some of the programs 

critical to maintaining forest and rangeland health, productivity, diversity, and resistance to disturbance 

are discussed below. 

Wildland Fire Management represents the largest budgetary investment for achieving the desired 

outcomes of Goal 1 on NFS lands. Prior-year investments in fire management planning have been used to 

develop the criteria to expand the scope of appropriate management responses to naturally occurring fires. 

Such responses may include avoiding suppression expenditures where fires are burning within predetermined conditions that will produce desired reductions in hazardous fuels and restore fire-adapted 

ecosystem conditions—without presenting significant risk to communities and the environment. 

Hazardous Fuel management directly reduces the risk of catastrophic fire to communities and resources 

while producing integrated benefits for restoring fire-adapted ecosystems, enhancing wildlife habitat, and 

increasing forest health and watershed quality. 

Wildland Fire and Fuels Research and Development (Fire R&D) provides managers and policymakers 

essential knowledge and tools for making cost-effective and environmentally-sound fire management 

decisions. Products from Fire R&D ensure that the best science is available to sustain and enhance 

resource values and public benefits and to minimize negative impacts of fire and its interactions with 

other disturbances on natural resources, water and air quality, and society. 

Forest Health programs for Federal and cooperative lands address monitoring, identification, survey, and 

control efforts for pests on a landscape basis. State and Volunteer Fire Assistance are additional State & 

Private Forestry programs contributing to Goal 1 outcomes. 

Wildlife and fish habitat is restored and enhanced using funds appropriated for that purpose as well as 

through integrated treatments resulting from other vegetation management programs. Timber 

management not only provides timber to support the economy—an outcome of Goal 2—but also 

produces multiple integrated benefits in reducing hazardous fuels, restoring wildlife habitat, and 

enhancing watershed quality. Watershed improvement activities provide both direct and integrated 

benefits as well. For example, the Minerals & Geology program targets hazardous materials associated 

with active and abandoned mines and hydrocarbon development, which protects and restores watershed 

health. 

 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-6
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 1 – Key Performance Measure Assessment for Wildland Fire Management 

Strategic Plan Objectives 

1.1 Reduce the risk to communities and natural resources from wildfire 

1.2 Suppress wildfires efficiently and effectively 

1.3 Build community capacity to suppress and reduce losses from wildfires

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Targets Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline 

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012

1.1.a. Number and percentage of acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems: 

(1) moved toward desired conditions: 

Number (acres) 991,0001 970,6412 1,180,000 699,062 1,107,100 1,180,000 1,600,000

percentage 39% 32%2 40% 23% 42% 49% 40% 

(2) maintained in desired conditions: 

Number (acres) 830,000 1,022,1442 1,121,000 986,507 1,054,000 1,128,000 2,000,000

percentage 33% 33%2 38% 32% 40% 47% 50% 

1.1b Number of 

acres brought into 

stewardship 

contracts 

57,500 77,676 91,000 65,890 107,000 121,000 150,000 

1.2.a. Percentage of 

fires not contained 

in initial attack that 

exceed a stratified 

cost index 

24% 22% 20% 24.3% 20% 19% 14% 

1.3.a. Percentage of 

acres treated in the 

wildland-urban 

interface that have 

been identified in 

community wildfire 

protection plans 

(CWPP) or 

equivalent plans 

17% 24.70% 28.00% 36% 28% 41% 50% 

Goal 1 - FY 2008 Results Summary for Wildland Fire Management: The Forest Service met 1 

out of 5 of its targets for the strategic plan measures. 

 

1

 This measure is calculated using change in condition class. In FY2006 this information was not available for all 

vegetation treatments, so a ratio was applied to attain these baseline numbers. In 2007, these data became available 

for all treatments. 

2

 Improvements in data and calculation methodology required that the FY2007 numbers be updated. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-7
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Performance Measures 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Percentage of total National Forest System land base for which 

fire risk is reduced through movement to a better condition 

class (Wildland Fire PART) 

2.10% 3.00% 3.00% 

Percent of fires not contained in initial attack that exceed a 

Stratified Cost Index (Wildland Fire PART) 24.3% 20% 19% 

Number of acres maintained and improved by treatment 

category (prescribed fire, mechanical treatment, and wildland 

fire use) and of those improved the percent that change 

condition class (Wildland Fire PART) 

1,211,395 

27% 

1,200,000 

27% 

1,300,000 

30% 

Percent change from the 10 year average for (1) number of 

wildfires controlled during initial attack and (2) number of 

human caused wildfires (Wildland Fire PART) 

-0.4%; 

+2% 

0.5%; 

1% 

0.5%; 

1% 

Total acres treated in Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) and 

non-WUI and also acres treated for other vegetation 

management activities that achieved fire objectives as a 

secondary benefit (Wildland Fire PART) 

3,038,277 2,485,000 2,100,000 

Number of acres restored and maintained per million dollars 

gross investment (Wildland Fire PART) 4,103 4,100 3,900 

Acres moved to a better condition class per million dollars 

gross investment (Wildland Fire PART) 1,721 1,500 1,500 

Most recent Wildland Fire program assessment

In FY 2008, the Forest Service addressed the following actions contained in the improvement plan 

associated with the most recent Wildland Fire program assessment: refining program delivery through 

improved program strategic planning; deploying the Fire Program Analysis system to analyze initial 

response, fuels, and large fire suppression activities; developing a prototype to analyze acres burned by 

wildfires which contribute to healthy forests and grasslands; improving cost management on large fires; 

and enhancing decision support tools for use on incidents. The Forest Service also responded to 

independent reviews conducted by the Office of Inspector General (OIG), Government Accountability 

Office (GAO), and the Secretary of Agriculture’s Independent Large Wildfire Cost Panel. Some resulting 

actions from these analyses are detailed below. 

FY 2008 Results Assessment 

Air Safety

In FY 2008 OIG issued a report on the agency’s air safety program containing 16 recommendations. The 

Forest Service has completed actions on two of these recommendations. An Airworthiness Assurance 

Plan is in development to address the remaining open recommendations. 

Cost Management 

Following an analysis of 2007 wildland fire suppression costs, the Secretary’s Independent Panel 

unanimously agreed that the Forest Service exercised fiscal diligence and demonstrated a much greater 

awareness of cost containment. The Panel’s 2008 report yielded six recommendations regarding 

management plans, alternative suppression strategies, decision support tools and program reviews. The 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest Service has responded to all recommendations and incorporated these efforts into strategic 

documents and 2008 programs of work. 

Fire Program Analysis (FPA) 

The GAO report titled, Fire Management: Interagency Budget Tool Needs Further Development to Fully 

Meet Key Objectives, found that FPA showed promise in achieving some key objectives and fell short 

with respect to others. The Forest Service is working jointly with the Department of the Interior to 

respond to GAO’s recommendations. 

Forest Service Research and Development (FS R&D) scientists have completed a book titled The 

Economics of Forest Disturbances, a compilation of research focused on forest decision making regarding 

wildfire, storm events, and invasive species. This book defines the state of the science in natural resource 

economics regarding forest decision making in the context of all types of disturbances. 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Objectives 1.1-1.3 

Acres Treated 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.1a 

Number and percentage of acres treated to restore 

fire-adapted ecosystems moved toward desired 

conditions 

59% 

57% 

1,180,000 

40% 

699,062 

23% 

1.1a 

Number and percentage of acres treated to restore 

fire-adapted ecosystems maintained in desired 

conditions 

88% 

84% 

1,121,000 

38% 

986,507 

32% 

While the agency achieved fuel reduction results planned for all acres treated to restore fire-adapted 

ecosystems, acres moved toward and maintained in desired conditions were below the results planned. A 

variety of factors influence the ability to meet these goals, including weather, resource availability, the 

number of treatments required, and the cost of fuel. Also, it often takes multiple treatments to move an 

area toward its desired condition and it may take repeated entries over time to maintain an area in desired 

condition. In addition, numerous types of projects contribute towards achievement of treatment goals, not 

all of which are specifically designed to change condition class, though they achieve their project goals. 

Lastly, the agency continues to increase its focus on treating more strategic acres, most of which are in 

more costly Wildland Urban Interface areas. This goal continues a major effort to effectively address the 

wildfire situation in an efficient, integrated, and comprehensive manner. Critical emphasis to continue 

agency efforts on these objectives will be maintained in FY 2009 and FY 2010. Targets will continue to 

be achieved by working in collaboration with federal and non-federal partners and by working across 

agency programs. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Stewardship Contracts 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.1b Acres covered by stewardship contracts/agreements 72% 91,000 65,890 

Under accomplishment in FY 2008 resulted from poor market conditions resulting in no bids on some 

offered contracts; litigation on the Sierra Nevada Framework decision; inability to utilize Categorical 

Exclusion category 10; and pressure from counties to utilize timber sales rather than stewardship contracts 

due to concerns regarding reauthorization of the Secure Rural Schools Act. Economic conditions and 

depressed timber values may continue to impact success in utilizing stewardship contracts. Opportunities 

may increase if funds are targeted though economic recovery legislation. No changes are anticipated. 

Stratified Cost Index 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target 

Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.2a % of fires not contained in initial attack that exceed 

a stratified cost index 122% 20% 24.3% 

In FY08 the percent of fires in the eastern US exceeding the Stratified Cost Index (SCI) increased by 50 

percent, while the percent of fires in the western US exceeding the SCI increased by 5 percent. Neither of 

these contributed to the objective of reducing the overall 22 percent accomplishment in FY07 to 20 

percent in FY08. While the FY08 eastern fires analyzed for SCI did affect the statistical target, they did 

not significantly influence FS expenditures, i.e., the eastern fires accounted for 1 percent of expenditures, 

while western fires accounted for 99 percent. Rising costs, such as fuel and aviation, contributed to 

increased expenditures, not all of which could be offset by cost management actions. Three FY09 actions 

are planned: 1) continue to focus on cost management actions, including accountability; 2) review the 

eastern fires to see if this is a trend or anomaly; and, 3) continue to pursue transitioning this measure to a 

moving average, similar to measures for initial attack success and human caused fires, which could result 

in a more meaningful measure. 

Acres Treated Identified in Community Wildfire Protection Plans 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.3a % of treated acres identified in CWPPs or 

equivalent plans 129% 28% 36% 

The number of projects and communities assisted may vary significantly from year to year depending on 

the State’s priorities and fluctuations in fire danger. For example, if States have a few large projects, then 

the total number of communities assisted will be less. If the States choose to spread the funds across a 

large number of communities to accomplish less costly priority projects, then the total number of 

communities assisted will increase. Additionally, some high priority projects may be located in areas that 

involve higher project costs. While this lowers the number of communities that may be assisted overall, it 

can be a worthwhile tradeoff in order to address high priority communities at risk. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: This goal continues a major effort to effectively address the 

wildfire situation in an efficient, integrated, and comprehensive manner. Critical emphasis to continue 

our efforts on these objectives will be maintained in FY 2009 and FY 2010. Targets will continue to be 

achieved by working in collaboration with federal and non-federal partners and by working across agency 

programs. The agency will increase its focus on sustainable landscape management by strengthening 

integration across programs to achieve priority ecological restoration and maintenance work. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-10
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Means and Strategies for Success: The detailed program budget justification identifies the operations 

and capital investments required to continue efforts on these objectives. In particular, the following major 

areas of emphasis will be addressed: 

 Applying the revised guidance for the implementation of the federal wildland fire policy that allows 

for increased flexibility in managing unplanned ignitions. 

 Developing a science-based methodology to evaluate unplanned acres burned as acres moved toward 

desired conditions, when outcomes are consistent with management objectives. 

 Creating and implementing a process to document and display fuel treatment effectiveness where onthe-ground treatments have been tested by wildfire. 

 Increasing emphasis on assisting communities in building their capacity to respond and prepare for 

wildland fires. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-11
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 1 – Key Performance Measure Assessment for Invasive/Native Species 

Strategic Plan Objective 

1.4 Reduce adverse impacts from invasive and native species, pests, and diseases.

Strategic Plan Measure 

Actual Target Actual Targets 

Performance Measure Baseline

FY 

2007 

FY 

2008 

FY 

2008 

FY 

2009 

FY 

2010 

FY 

2012 

1.4.a. Percentage of priority acres restored and/or protected from invasive species on Federal lands and 

cooperative program lands 

NFS 75.8% 50% 80.8% 90% 90% 

S&PF3 90% 19% 20% 28.4% 20% 20% 90% 

Goal 1 - FY 2008 Results Summary for Invasive/Native Species: The Forest Service met both 

of the targets for the strategic plan measures. 

Performance Measures 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Percent of acres at risk of mortality due to insect pests and 

diseases, or of infestation by invasive plants on which risk is 

reduced 

14.69% 13% 15% 

Number of priority acres successfully treated for invasive species 

annually 

1,134,130 

SPF; 

258,261 

NFS 

1,129,396 

SPF; 

234,674 

NFS 

1,124,555 

 SPF; 

210,000 

NFS 

Cost per acre treated to reduce risk $58.34 $93.44 $93.44 

Number of treated acres monitored annually 555,448 140,100 140,100 

Score of Research and Development (R&D) customers reporting 

satisfaction with accessibility, relevance, outcome and cost 

effectiveness of tools developed, delivered, and used 

72 73 73 

The 5-year running average of the number of Research and 

Development (R&D) tools developed, delivered, and used 180 155 163 

Cost per Research and Development (R&D) tool developed, and 

used $207,000 $426,000 $426,000 

FY 2008 Results Assessment: 

As a result of the Invasive Species program assessment, the Forest Service has focused the program 

around outcome-based activities that reduce the impact of invasive species on priority Federal and nonFederal forest and grasslands and tie directly to the USDA and Forest Service Strategic Plans. 

Performance measures track treatment prioritization based on risk, treatment efficacy, and 

 

3

 S&PF accomplishments are not cumulative and reflect meeting 100% of a 5 year (2007 – 2012) target of nearly 4 

million acres. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-12
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

implementation costs; development, delivery, and use of tools; and customer satisfaction with tools 

produced. NFS is also implementing an improved system of tabular and spatial record keeping for all 

invasive species management projects. 

New performance measures tracking outputs, outcomes, and efficiencies—developed during the program 

assessment process—help the agency to better determine program success. Field units have been tracking 

these measures for the past three years. New measures also help the agency to reward good performance. 

For example, allocation criteria for treatment funding reward performance in the previous year. 

Similarly, FS R&D is developing methodology and criteria to allocate funds based on the performance of 

tools and customer assistance. A recent audit of the invasive species program by USDA-OIG will provide 

additional opportunities to continue improvements and adjustments in the program. 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Objective 1.4 

Invasive Species 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.4a % of priority areas restored/protected from invasive 

species on Federal and cooperative lands. 

S&PF 142% 

NFS 162% 

20% 

50% 

28.4% 

80.8% 

State and Private Forestry achieved a 19 percent increase over the planned 890,000 acre target, 

successfully treating nearly 1.1 million acres overall. No program changes are anticipated for 2010. 

Integrating invasive species management actions across a variety of program areas also resulted in 

increased accomplishments and effectiveness in FY2008. NFS invasive species treatment activities 

focused on priority species and were conducted in high priority areas to attain the greatest long-term 

success against invasions. The increases in program efficiency to address all taxa of invasive species and 

emphasis on meeting invasive species record keeping requirements helped allow National Forests to reach 

a higher level of performance than expected. This target will be adjusted upward. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: As the agency shifts focus towards increased treatment 

effectiveness, treatment unit costs are increasing, resulting in corresponding adjustments in targets and 

accomplishments. 

Means and Strategies for Success: Forest Service invasive species program actions are currently 

meeting or exceeding projected performance expectations and are resulting in greater effectiveness 

against invasive species across the National Forest System and other federal and cooperative lands. The 

program will continue to implement strategic actions, prioritize treatments, increase integration of 

activities across program areas, and address the full spectrum of aquatic and terrestrial invasive species to 

improve performance. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-13
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 1 – Key Performance Measure Assessment for Healthy Watersheds and Diverse 

Habitats 

Strategic Plan Objective 

1.5 Restore and maintain healthy watersheds and diverse habitats.

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Target Actual Target 

Measure Baseline FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

1.5.a. Percentage of 

watershed in class 1 

condition 

30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 32% 

1.5.b. Acres and miles of terrestrial and aquatic habitat restored consistent with forest plan direction: 

acres of terrestrial 

habitat restored 642,000 273,562 1,250,000 1,962,962 1,400,000 1,500,000 903,358 

miles of stream 

habitat restored 4,600 1,542 1,900 2,346 2,500 2,5600 6,474 

acres of lake 

habitat restored 18,000 13,002 12,500 18,290 18,000 18,000 25,328 

1.5.c. Percentage of 

acres needing 

reforestation or 

timber stand 

improvement that 

were treated 

13% 14% 15% 15.4% 16% 17% 20% 

Goal 1 - FY 2008 Results Summary for Healthy Watersheds and Diverse Habitats: The 

Forest Service exceeded all of the annual results planned for these strategic measures objectives. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-14
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

PART Performance Measures – Watershed Management 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Acres of watershed improvement 105,288 55,055 55,000 

Acres or miles of aquatic habitat enhanced to achieve desired 

ecological conditions as described in Forest Land Management 

Plans 

18,290 

Acres 

2,346 Miles 

18,000 

Acres 

2,500 Miles 

18,000 

Acres 

2,600 Miles 

Acres of terrestrial habitat enhanced to achieve desired ecological 

conditions described in Forest Land Management Plans 1,962,962 1,400,000 1,500,000 

Allotment acres and percent administered to 100 percent of Forest 

Plan standards 

36,119,640 

Acres (40%) 

34,469,190 

Acres (39%) 

31,300,000 

Acres (39%) 

Establish Forest Vegetation in Acres 210,945 298,620 222,855 

Acres of non-industrial private forest (NIPF) land under approved 

stewardship management plans * 18,737,799 20,737,799 27,237,799 

The number of National Forest System impaired water segments 

removed from the EPA/States listing of impaired waters (CWA 

Section 303 (d)) 

43 

Segments NA 48 Segments 

*

This measure is now reported as a cumulative total rather than annual increment added 

Current Watershed program assessment

FY 2008 Results Assessment: The fisheries, wildlife, and watershed accomplishments were achieved, in 

part, through the formation of partnerships with other agencies and conservation groups. Enhanced 

relationships and leveraged funds resulted in getting more work done on the ground. Integration with 

other resource areas such as vegetation management and engineering also played an important role in 

achieving these targets and is expected to continue. Partner contributions and, as a result, what can be 

accomplished on the ground are expected to continue but may actually decrease over the next couple of 

years due to the financial challenges that partners anticipate. Integration with other resource areas is 

expected to increase accomplishments as the agency becomes more adept at developing projects that 

benefit multiple resources. 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Objective 1.5 

Lake, Stream, and Terrestrial Habitat 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

1.5b Lake habitat restored/enhanced 146% 12,500 18,290 

1.5b Stream habitat restored/enhanced 124% 1,900 2,346 

1.5b Terrestrial habitat restored/enhanced 157% 1,250,000 1,962,962 

FY 2008 is the first year that the agency utilized a unified accomplishment business rule to more 

accurately articulate benefits of direct actions and integrated results from other vegetative treatments. Fish 

and Wildlife habitat work is one of the significant beneficiaries of this new business rule. As the agency 

becomes more adept at determining a more accurate unified target there will be less variation with 

accomplishments reported. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-15
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: Shortfalls in partner contributions are expected to be offset by 

increases in integrated accomplishments and through burned areas restoration efforts. While many targets 

will be accomplished through integrated efforts, these accomplishments sometimes do not necessarily 

focus within the highest strategic priorities for fish and wildlife resources. Therefore, it will be important 

to prioritize core work with appropriated fish and wildlife funds to accomplishments within the highest 

priorities. In addition, the funding within the fish and wildlife program will increase emphasis on aquatic 

resources. 

Means and Strategies for Success: The National Fish Habitat Action Plan, a multi agency/multiconservation group effort, will identify the highest priority aquatic restoration areas. The action plan will 

assure aquatic program funds are focused in priority areas and stimulate efforts to have other resource 

areas work towards mutually beneficial goals in these watersheds. Work planning will identify the 

“ecological significance” of accomplishments – a key concern for maintaining the continued support of 

partners. 

The recently created agency Sustainable Landscape Management Board of Directors provides the 

organizational structure for the agency, at the Washington Office level, to guide the mix of all program 

funds within Goal 1 that best reflects investments for the health of the lands and waters in an integrated 

manner. Within the integrated investments, a greater focus on both physical and biological aspects of 

aquatic resources, would improve the fish (and wildlife) programs. Also, an increased emphasis on 

National Forest system lands as important refugia for rare species will benefit Threatened, Endangered, 

and Sensitive (TES) species program accomplishments. 

The agency will continue to expand reforestation capability though expansion of nursery stock 

production. This multi-year expansion effort is in response to emergency supplemental funds for burned 

area restoration authorized late in fiscal year 2008. The majority of associated reforestation 

accomplishments are projected in FY 2010 and 2011, as nursery stock becomes available for planting. 

The Forest Service is responding to recommendations from a recent program assessment by developing 

new policy, protocols, and tools to improve the Watershed Program’s delivery and effectiveness. In 

response to the assessment, the Forest Service has also developed aquatic inventory and monitoring 

protocols for NFS lands and GIS-based tools to help States identify and prioritize critical forest areas on 

non-Federal lands. Through these applications and others, NFS and State and Private Forests (S&PF) are 

exploring meaningful ways to measure effectiveness of programs pertaining to watershed improvement. 

The agency is beginning to implement some of the improvement plans developed during program 

assessment. These actions consist of 1) developing a nationally consistent methodology for determining 

watershed condition class as basis for prioritizing watersheds for management, 2) developing a national 

approach to describe and monitor the status and trend of aquatic resources, and 3) developing a national 

set of best management practices. Additionally, the Forest Service and OMB recently negotiated an 

“Action Plan for the Development of a Watershed Efficiency Measure and a National Watershed 

Condition Class Rating System,” establishing a process and timetable for improvement. A draft guide 

instructing forests to conduct the first round of watershed classification will be available by October 1, 

2010. Significant work remains to be done in FY 2010 to develop agency-wide computer systems to 

facilitate watershed classification and to track accomplishments. A draft of a national probability-based 

sampling approach to describe and monitor the status and trend of aquatic resources is planned to be 

ready for field review by October 1, 2010. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-16
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits 

Outcome: Forests and grasslands with sufficient long-term multiple socioeconomic benefits to meet 

the needs of society. 

This Strategic Goal focuses on sustaining the productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands to meet 

the needs of present and future generations. These lands contain abundant natural resources and 

opportunities to help meet the demands and needs of the American people. Sustainable management of 

these resources ensures that the availability of goods and services and land productivity is maintained for 

both current and future generations. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $33,758 $38,089 $38,212

State & Private Forestry $4,206 $4,973 $0

National Forest System $241,463 $225,754 $225,237

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $73,015 $69,384 $71,259

Other Appropriations $2,556 $3,600 $3,600

Discretionary Funds Total $354,998 $341,800 $338,308

Permanent Funds $22,203 $25,805 $24,191

Trust Funds $23,913 $26,339 $25,869

Grand Total, Forest Service $401,114 $393,944 $388,368

Principle Programs to Achieve Goal 2 

Many Forest Service programs contribute toward achieving the outcome of Goal 2. Some of the 

programs critical to providing benefits to the American people from the Nation’s forests and rangelands 

are discussed below. 

The Forest Service actively manages forest vegetation through the Forest Products program to provide 

renewable, energy efficient building materials and other forest products to the American people. Active 

vegetation management also serves as a critical tool for meeting objectives such as hazardous fuel 

reduction and wildlife habitat restoration, while optimizing carbon sequestration opportunities to mitigate 

climate change. 

The Forest Service administers over 8,000 grazing allotments to provide a sustainable supply of forage for 

livestock and wildlife; economic support for rural communities; and maintenance of open space and 

habitat connectivity across national forest and the associated private lands used for livestock production. 

The Minerals & Geology program administers mineral operations to ensure adequate protection of surface 

resources and meet resource objectives of the Energy Policy Act of 2005. To help increase the Nation’s 

supply of renewable energy, the Forest Service will continue to implement the agency’s Woody Biomass 

Utilization Strategy. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-17
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest Service Research and Development provides science, management, and technology services to 

forest and rangeland owners, managers, policy makers, scientists, and the public so they can manage and 

use forest and rangeland resources to improve the standard of living and quality of life for current and 

future generations. 

Other programs such Landownership Management and the Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

programs provide necessary infrastructure and management support to enable the Forest Service to supply 

goods and services to the American public, while helping meet critical resource needs. 

Goal 2 – Key Performance Measure Assessment 

Strategic Plan Objectives 

2.1 Provide a reliable supply of forest products over time that is consistent with achieving desired 

conditions on NFS lands and helps maintain or create processing capacity and infrastructure in 

local communities. 

2.2 Provide a reliable supply of rangeland products over time that is consistent with achieving 

desired conditions on NFS lands and helps support ranching in local communities. 

2.3 Help meet energy resource needs. 

2.4 Promote market-based conservation and stewardship of ecosystem services. 

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Targets Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

2,700 

MMBF

2,499 

MMBF 

2,700 

MMBF

2,484 

MMBF

2,499 

MMBF

2,559 

MMBF

4,000 

MMBF 

2.1.a. Amount of 

wood fiber 

provided each 

year to help meet 

the Nation’s 

demand for forest 

products in an 

environmentally 

sustainable 

manner 

5,400,000 

CCF4

4,805,981 

CCF 

5,598,400 

CCF 

4,753,979 

CCF 

4,997,000 

CCF 

5,117,800 

CCF 

8,000,000 

CCF 

 

4

 1 CCF = 100 cubic feet harvested 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-18
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Performance Actual Targets Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

2.1.b. Number of 

green tons and/or 

volume of woody 

biomass from 

hazardous fuel 

reduction and 

restoration 

treatments on 

Federal land that 

are made 

available through 

permits, 

contracts, grants, 

agreements, or 

the equivalent 

NA5 2,768,000 2,700,000 2,331,989 2,700,000 2,700,000 2,700,000 

2.2.a. Acres of 

national forests 

and grasslands 

under grazing 

permit that are 

sustainably 

managed for all 

rangeland 

products 

81,560,000 90,197,781 81,560,000 79,472,798 81,560,000 81,560,000 81,560,000

2.3.a. Percentage 

of land Special 

Use Permit 

applications for 

energy-related 

facilities that are 

completed within 

prescribed 

timeframes 

50% 45% 45% 100% 60% 75% 50% 

2.3.b. Percentage 

of energy-mineral 

applications that 

are processed 

within prescribed 

timeframes 

45% 11% 10% 8.2% 50% 50% 55% 

2.4.a. Number of 

States that have 

agreements with 

the Forest Service 

to help private 

forest landowners 

market ecosystem 

services 

1 6 NA 12 NA NA 14 

Goal 2 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service met 1 out of 6 of its targets for the strategic 

plan measures. 

 

5

 The initial collection of data for this performance measure commenced at the beginning of FY2007. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-19
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Performance Measures 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Percentage of lease applications processed within prescribed 

timeframes (Energy PART) 8% 10% 12% 

Number of new applications for permit to drill (APDs) 

processed within prescribed timeframes (Energy PART) 109 325 325 

Number of new lease applications processed within prescribed 

timeframes (Energy PART) 120 1000 500 

Number and percentage of operations administered to standard 

(Energy PART) 2,150 (42%) 1,000 (20%) 1,000 (20%) 

Percentage of applications for permit to drill (APDs) processed 

within prescribed timeframes (Energy PART) 68% 50% 55% 

Current Energy program assessment 

In response to a program assessment on the oil and gas energy resources program, the Forest Service 

refined performance measures to track compliance with agency Strategic Plan goals and objectives, 

emphasizing the agency’s ability to process lease applications in a timely manner. The new performance 

measures have helped the agency to direct funding and resources to reduce project processing times while 

assuring compliance with remediation measures. Also a result of the assessment, the Forest Service now 

holds regular coordination meetings with the Bureau of Land Management, which manages the energy 

minerals program. Regular meetings have eased implementation of MOUs, facilitating more efficient 

program delivery. 

FY 2008 Results Assessment 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Goal 2 

Timber Harvested 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

2.1a 

Amount of wood fiber provided each year to help 

meet the Nation’s demand for forest products in an 

environmentally sustainable manner 

85% 5,598,400 

CCF 

4,753,979 

CCF 

The agency did not meet the planned level due to continuing appeals and litigation, and declines in the 

forests products market which led to about 650,000 CCF of sale offerings that had no bids. There is a 

proposed increase in funding for timber sale planning and preparation and commensurate reduction in sale 

administration funding to place more emphasis on increasing the timber sale pipeline volume.

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-20
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Biomass for Bio-energy 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

2.1b Green tons of biomass for bio-energy 86% 2,700,000 2,331,989 

Factors that contributed to the shortfall in woody biomass produced include the economic downturn 

which led to many timber sales and contracts which received no bids and continuing high levels of 

appeals and litigation. The need for development and refinement of the technology necessary to 

effectively utilize woody biomass for bio-energy production also contributed to a lack of demand for 

available biomass resources. 

Energy-related Facilities or ROW Applications 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

2.3a % of apps for energy-related facilities, or ROWs, 

completed on-time 222% 45% 100% 

This accomplishment level is due to increased market demand and higher emphasis for processing energy 

authorizations, as well as ongoing improvements to automated processing capability. No corrective 

action required. 

Energy-mineral Proposals 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

2.3b % of energy-mineral proposals processed within 

timeframes 82% 10% 8.2% 

Pending litigation and court decisions have affected the performance of the energy minerals program. 

The majority of energy mineral applications submitted to the Forest Service cannot be completely 

processed until legal and policy matters are resolved. The ability to complete an environmental analysis 

for the energy mineral proposal is not in and of itself subject to legal impediments, but is affected by 

general land management decisions that are dependent upon pending litigation and court decisions such as 

contradictory Appellate court decisions regarding “roadless” policy; and pending litigation regarding use 

of categorical exclusions. For example, a proposal to develop energy-minerals within a roadless area 

would be problematic. The agency continues to process energy-mineral proposals but cannot issue final 

decisions or move to completion until these legal issues have been resolved. No changes are anticipated at 

this time. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: Market conditions in FY 2009 are expected to be more severe 

than FY 2008 making achievement of the forest management strategic objectives more difficult. 

Organizational changes in the Minerals program will refocus agency oversight and lead to more effective 

program delivery. Projected outputs may need to be reassessed, based upon the outcome of the 

previously mentioned litigation. Accomplishments for sustainably managed rangeland products are 

projected to remain at or very near strategic objective levels. 

Means and Strategies for Success: Increasing recognition and acceptance that biomass utilization 

through production of forest products or as a source of bio-energy will be critical to successfully 

expanding opportunities to meet forest and habitat health objectives. Demonstrating success in utilizing 

these tools to meet these objectives will be essential to gaining support for these programs. Explaining to 

the public and lawmakers the effectiveness of, and tradeoffs to, utilizing these tools to meet forest health, 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-21
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

long-term carbon sequestration and other climate change mitigation objectives will be essential steps in 

building this support. Emphasis in energy-minerals programs will focus on oversight for more consistent 

accomplishment reporting, as well as coordinating with other resource areas for improved integrated 

accomplishment capability. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-22
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space

Goal 3 Outcome: Maintain the environmental, social, and economic benefits of forests and 

grasslands by reducing and mitigating their conversion to other uses. 

Undeveloped forests and grasslands provide multiple benefits: protection of water quality, conservation of 

native wildlife, renewable timber and non-timber products, recreation opportunities, and scenic beauty. 

Conserving open space is essential to maintain these public benefits and services. Conservation at the 

landscape scale is required to address large-scale issues such as climate change, water resources, 

reduction of wildfire risk, and protection of at-risk species. 

The Forest Service works with States and private landowners to conserve environmentally important 

forests, ensuring their value and use for current and future generations. The Forest Service also provides 

cutting edge technology to identify critical private forest landscape areas where conservation threats and 

opportunities converge. The agency and State Foresters are working to target planning and technical 

assistance where it will maximize ecosystem service returns for both the public and individual 

landowners. 

Land acquisition and exchange programs conserve the integrity of undeveloped lands and prevent their 

conversion to incompatible uses. The Forest Service acquires lands, waters, and related interests through 

purchase, donation, or exchange within the NFS for such purposes as outdoor recreation, wildlife habitat 

conservation, water quality, invasive species control, fire suppression, climate change mitigation, 

watershed protection and enhancement, and resource management. 

The Forest Service issues grazing permits on NFS lands, often providing a key element of the permittees 

year-long forage resource. Without the forage provided from NFS lands, permittees may not be able to 

maintain an economically viable year-long ranching operation. This can result in economic pressure to 

sub-divide or develop privately owned ranch property. The Forest Services grazing permit program helps 

assure the long term maintenance of open space and habitat connectivity provided by private ranch lands 

by linking national forest and grassland grazing authorizations to these privately owned lands. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $1,943 $2,163 $2,176

State & Private Forestry $81,849 $76,445 $119,429

National Forest System $32,653 $31,701 $32,510

Land Acquisition $43,085 $51,075 $29,984

Discretionary Funds Total $159,530 $161,384 $184,099

Trust Funds $1,980 $2,660 $2,660

Grand Total, Forest Service $161,510 $164,044 $186,759

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-23
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Principal Programs to Achieve Goal 3

Forest Service programs that contribute toward conservation of open space involve Research & 

Development, National Forest System, and State & Private Forestry programs. 

The Forest Inventory and Analysis program tracks a nationwide system of forest inventory plots in a 

statistically sound lands inventory matrix. This data provides detailed information on stand 

characteristics and complements the more broad-based Natural Resource Inventory carried out on nonFederal lands by the Natural Resources Conservation Service. 

The Landownership Management and Land Acquisition Programs support land acquisitions through 

purchase, donation, and exchange that improve public access for outdoor recreation, watershed protection, 

implementation of priority vegetation management, conservation of the integrity of undeveloped lands, 

and habitat quality. Private land conservation organizations work closely with Land Acquisition 

Programs to secure the purchase of critical open space landscapes in advance of federal appropriations. 

These groups assume much of the cost associated with the acquisition of the lands and often transfer them 

to the Forest Service for less than their appraised value, providing public savings. The Land Acquisition 

Program presents proposed acquisition projects to Congress annually based on a nationwide evaluation of 

current purchase opportunities. The primary identification criteria are recreational opportunity and use, 

along with preservation of open space. 

The Forest Legacy Program (FLP) is administered by the Forest Service in cooperation with state partners 

to protect environmentally important forest areas that are threatened by conversion to development and 

other non-forest uses. Land trusts and other conservation organizations play a critical role in identifying 

and completing projects. FLP projects are selected through a two-step nationally competitive process, 

and focus on the conservation of working forests – those that provide forest products, water, fish and 

wildlife habitat, and recreational opportunities. 

The Forest Stewardship Program helps sustain our Nation’s critical private forest landscape by providing 

forest landowners with long-term technical and planning assistance, and better access to a variety of 

incentive, educational programs, and forest certification programs. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-24
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 3 – Key Performance Measure Assessment for Conserve Open Space 

Strategic Plan Objectives 

3.1 Protect forests and grasslands from conversion to other uses. 

3.2 Help private landowners and communities maintain and manage their land as sustainable forests 

and grasslands. 

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Targets Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline 

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

3.1.a. Acres of 

environmentally 

important forests 

and grasslands 

protected from 

conversion 

(number of acres 

added annually)6

1,360,000 

(0) 

1,448,091 

(88,091) (116,000) 1,643,078 (194,987) 

1,747,078 

(104,000) 

1,915,578 

(168,500) 2,000,000 

3.2.a. Acres of 

non-industrial 

private forest land 

that are being 

managed 

sustainable under 

forest stewardship 

management plans 

(number of acres 

cumulative) 

1,760,000 

(15,133,689) 

1,715,206 

(16,848,895) 2,000,000 1,888,904 (18,737,799)

2,000,000 

(20,500,000) 

2,250,000 

(23,000,000)

2,000,000 

(25,000,000)

Goal 3 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service met 1 out of 2 of its targets for the strategic 

plan measures.

 

6

 This measure is reported annually, but the baseline and 2012 targets are cumulative. 

7

 This measure was reported annually, but starting in FY2008, is cumulative.

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-25
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Performance Measures – Land Acquisition 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Percentage of acquisition cases completed within 18 months 79% 85% 90% 

Percentage of total acquisition cost per acre attributed to third party 

and private landowners participation 45% 45% 45% 

Dollar cost or expenditure per acre purchased or donated $1,700 $1,110 $3,050 

Percentage of priority acres acquired or donated that reduce the 

conversion of forests, grasslands, and aquatic and riparian 

ecosystems to incompatible uses in order to improve and maintain 

ecological conditions for federally listed and candidate species, 

species of concern, and species of interest 

39% 80% 80% 

Priority acres acquired or donated that reduce the conversion of 

forests, grasslands, and aquatic and riparian ecosystems to 

incompatible uses in order to improve and maintain ecological 

conditions for federally listed and candidate species, species of 

concern, and species of interest 

32,915 20,500 7,500 

Percentage of priority acres acquired or donated that provide for 

public access for high quality outdoor recreational opportunities on 

National Forest System land 

24% 50% 50% 

Priority acres acquired or donated that provide for public access for 

high quality outdoor recreational opportunities on National Forest 

land 

19,786 15,250 4,690 

Current Land Acquisition program assessment 

The Forest Service continues to use the program assessment process to improve land validation, ensuring 

that land purchases and donations meet the agency's Strategic Plan Goals and Objectives. The agency has 

adopted two measures for land acquisition and has updated the Agency Land Purchase Digest system to 

include case specific information for these performance measures, as well as three efficiency measures. 

Recently the agency altered one criterion to harmonize land acquisition with the protection of heritage 

and cultural resources. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-26
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Performance Measures - Legacy 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Acres of land adjustments to conserve the integrity of undeveloped 

lands and habitat quality 194,987 104,000 168,500 

Parcelization of forests avoided (parcels prevented) 13,392 5,369 5,699 

Percentage of private forest acres in priority areas that are protected 

from conversion to non-forest uses by the Forest Legacy Program 0.84 0.90% 0.98% 

Number of perpetual conservation easements 43 26 53 

Number of fee simple purchases (number of tracts purchased) 16 13 26 

Total FLP cost or expenditure per acre protected from conversion $275 $502 $537 

Average length of time between project proposal, funding and 

completion 29.6 months 24 Months 24 Months 

Current Legacy program assessment 

Following its program assessment, FLP developed seven performance measures and national strategic 

direction to further ensure that Federal dollars are spent on those projects of highest national importance. 

FLP revised its national scoring guidance for the annual project selection panel to increase the emphasis 

on protecting nationally important resources that fit within a larger regional or national conservation 

landscape level plan. In addition, FLP is reducing the average length of time it takes to complete a 

project. States with significant unspent funds or a lagging track record for closing projects have been 

penalized during the project selection process. FLP is also working to ensure timely, high quality 

appraisals to reduce the average project completion time. This may result in providing training and 

resources to State partners, as well as developing a standardizing pre-appraisal package. Finally, FLP is 

working towards a geospatial assessment of program accomplishments, to assess how well the FLP 

projects are providing national benefits. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-27
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 Results Assessment: 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Goal 3 

Private Forest Acres Protected 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

3.1a Private forest acres protected by FLP from 

conversion by easement or fee simple purchases 168% 116,000 194,987 

Completed acres were higher than anticipated due to the following factors: (1) the FLP closed a 

significant number of tracts, and some were larger than typical (a 51,000 acre and a 36,000 acre tract). 

(2) Real estate negotiations are very unpredictable. Many tracts that were anticipated to close in FY 2007 

were delayed; resulting in larger first quarter FY 2008 accomplishments (the FLP conserved 56,831 acres 

across 7 tracts in 1st quarter FY 2008). No corrective action needed. 

NIPF Land under Stewardship Management Plans 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

3.2a NIPF land under stewardship mgmt plans 94% 2,000,000 1,888,904 

Performance was less than anticipated because more emphasis is being placed on cumulative 

accomplishment within landscape focus areas. State program delivery partners are investing more in 

landscape assessments, strategic planning and management plan implementation assistance, and field 

monitoring. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: With the FY 2009 and FY 2010 targets for 3.1 the Forest 

Service is on track to meet the 2012 target. It is likely that targets for measure 3.2 will be met or 

exceeded, as states continue to focus efforts in high priority program areas. This will depend to some 

extent on program funding levels. 

Means and Strategies for Success: While there are only a couple programs that directly contribute to 

the measures within this Goal, there are a significant number of contributing programs and initiatives for 

conserving open space. These include private markets for ecosystem services, land management planning, 

rangeland management, woody biomass utilization and energy, conservation education, and cooperative 

fire. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-28
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities 

Outcome: A variety of high-quality outdoor recreational opportunities on the Nation’s forests and 

grasslands are available to the public. 

The Forest Service is challenged with sustaining adequate high-quality outdoor recreational experiences 

to meet the Nation’s needs while maintaining the ecological integrity of national forests and grasslands. 

Each year the agency experiences an average of 179 million visits on national forests. America’s 

population is projected to increase by nearly 50 percent by the middle of this century. Increasing 

population demands and declining public access to privately-owned forestland place extensive pressure 

on public lands to provide recreational opportunities. 

The Forest Service explores and implements scientifically verified management solutions in order to 

support recreation needs without incurring adverse resource impacts. Agency research provides new 

technologies, methods, and models to address current problems. Researchers also examine anticipated 

future recreation management problems, opportunities, and needs, and apply social science research to 

analyze the changing public perceptions of the value and importance of outdoor recreation opportunities. 

With an understanding of public opinion and need, the agency can best inform and develop policies and 

decisions on national forest and grasslands. 

Preserving high-quality recreation opportunities also requires maintaining lands, recreation facilities, 

roads, and trails. This infrastructure enables the Forest Service to provide opportunities to interact with 

wildlife, explore wilderness and heritage resources, engage in educational activities, and access offhighway vehicle trails. Partners contribute significant resources supporting tourism, interpretive 

services, recreation special uses, congressionally designated areas, and national forest scenic by-ways. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $7,067 $8,015 $8,112

National Forest System $260,310 $268,086 $268,914

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $228,762 $242,590 $284,011

Discretionary Funds Total $496,139 $518,691 $561,037

Permanent Funds $85,595 $122,000 $96,700

Trust Funds $20,161 $25,705 $26,163

Grand Total, Forest Service $601,895 $666,396 $683,900

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Principal Programs to Achieve Goal 4 

The principal programs for accomplishing the desired outcome of Goal 4 are the Recreation, Heritage, 

and Wilderness Programs. Research and Development produces recreation science and management 

tools to inform recreation managers on outdoor recreation trends and desires, as well as tools to improve 

management efficiency. 

Wildlife and fish habitat is restored and enhanced as both a direct result of funds appropriated for that 

purpose as well as a result of the integrated efforts of other vegetation management programs for the 

enjoyment of the recreating public. 

Goal 4 – Key Performance Measure Assessment

Strategic Objectives 

4.1 Improve the quality and availability of outdoor recreation experiences. 

4.2 Secure legal entry to national forest lands and waters. 

4.3 Improve the management of off-highway vehicle use. 

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Target Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline 

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

4.1.a. Percentage of 

recreation sites 

maintained to standard 

65% 67% 60% 64.6% 57% 65% 81% 

4.1.b. Percentage of total 

recreation capacity at 

developed recreation 

sites that meets 

accessibility standards 

10% Not 

Available 25% 21.5% 20% 25% 30% 

4.1.c. Percentage of 

trails that meet national 

quality standards 

60% 39% 40% Not 

Available 40% 45% 60% 

4.1.d. Percentage of 

customers who are 

satisfied with 

recreational facilities, 

services, and settings 

80% 90% 90% 89% 90% 90% 85% 

4.1.e. Percentage of road 

system intended for 

passenger-car use which 

is suitable for passengercar use 

29% 90% 89% 89.2% 88% 89% 75% 

4.2.a. Percentage of 

high-priority access 

rights-of-way acquired 

90% 90% 90% 78% 90% 90% 95% 

4.3.a. Percentage of NFS 

lands covered by new 

motor vehicle use maps 

reflecting a designateduse system of roads, 

trails, and areas 

0% 12% 40% 27.3% 70% 100% 100% 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 4 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service met 2 out of 7 of its targets for strategic 

plan measures. 

Performance Measures 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Number of NFS travel management plans completed 63 139 177 

Number of wild and scenic rivers meeting statutory requirements ( 28 30 33 

Number and percentage of outdoor recreation facilities maintained 

to standard 

10,129 

(65%) 

10,045 

(57%) 

11,680 

(65%) 

Cost per visitor at developed and recreation fee sites $3.96 $4.00 $4.25 

Percentage of Research and Development products and services that 

meet customer expectations 72 73 73 

Cost per visitor contact $1.74 $1.75 $1.78 

Percent of road and trail rights-of-way acquired that provide public 

access through easement acquisitions and land adjustments 78% 90% 90% 

Percent of recreation site capacity operated and maintained to 

standard 24% 26% 28% 

Percent of NFS visitors participating in outdoor based physical 

activities 55% 58% 60% 

Number of wilderness areas managed to minimum stewardship level 102 112 122 

Percent of recreation customers satisfied with outdoor recreation 

services and facilities provided in a sustainably managed natural 

setting 

89% 90% 90% 

Percentage of NFS lands covered by travel management plans 

resulting in visitor safety, resource protection using best 

management practices and less visitor conflict with off-road vehicle 

usage 

27% 70% 100% 

Number of rights-of-way acquired to provide public access 198 200 200 

Percent of National Forest route designations completed 36% 79% 100% 

Customer satisfaction with value for fee paid 83% 85% 85% 

Current Recreation program assessment 

The Forest Service is using the program assessment to focus business planning and improve cost 

accounting in the developed recreation sites program. The agency is currently undergoing a Recreation 

Facility Analysis (RFA) process to prioritize recreation site improvements, to reduce deferred 

maintenance and improve cost analysis. Under this analysis, national forests weigh and compare 

facilities’ ability to serve public needs and wants with the forest’s capacity to operate and maintain 

existing structures at desired quality standards. One of the primary goals of RFA is to reduce recreation 

site deferred maintenance by 20 percent in five years on each national forest. The RFA process is 

currently in progress on 113 national forests; the Forest Service anticipates completing the RFA 

completion on all national forests by the end of Fiscal Year 2009. 

FY 2008 Results Assessment: The agency exceeded its target in recreation facilities managed to 

standard in large part because of the contributions from volunteers and youth organizations that help the 

agency manage the recreation, heritage, facilities, and trails programs. The Intermountain and Alaska 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-31
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Regions leveraged their effectiveness by recruiting volunteers to improve recreation facilities. Many of 

the regions reported that resources were directed towards routine maintenance projects and not for their 

more expensive deferred maintenance. 

The current inventory of passenger car roads presents a significant challenge to maintaining an 

appropriate standard. It is necessary to identify the appropriate sized road system, and level of 

maintenance, to ensure the transportation system can be maintained to provide needed access to and 

through the national forests. 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Goal 4 

Recreation Sites 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

4.1a Percentage of recreation sites maintained to standard 108% 60% 64.6% 

Over-accomplished due to extra efforts recruiting volunteers and increased program emphasis. No 

corrective action required. 

Recreation Site Capacity Meeting Accessibility Standards 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

4.1b % of recreation site capacity that meets accessibility 

standards 86% 25% 21.5% 

Accomplishment is contingent on the construction and/or reconstruction of recreation sites. Recreation 

sites are constructed or reconstructed in accordance with the accessibility guidelines, therefore during 

years when there is little construction of recreation sites, the percent of additional sites brought into 

compliance also increases by a smaller proportion. No corrective action is required. 

Trails Meeting National Quality Standards 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target 

Accomplished Target Accomp 

4.1c Percentage of trails that meet national quality 

standards NA 40% NA 

The agency underreported trails accomplishments, skewing the annual achievement for this measure. The 

agency will be working in FY 2009 to provide clarification and focus on more accurate reporting. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-32
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Public Access 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

4.2a % of Rights of Way (ROWs) acquired to provide 

priority public access 87% 90% 78% 

The target shortfall was the result of the agency’s response to redirect resources to assist with fire 

suppression efforts, and continued priority being placed on completing travel management 

implementation plans by 2010. No corrective action planned. 

Travel Management Plans 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

4.3a % of NFS lands covered by travel management 

implementation plans 68% 40% 27.3% 

Not achieving 100 percent of the target was the result of the agency’s response to redirect resources to 

assist with fire suppression efforts, delays in map production, increased public involvement needs, and 

extended comment periods. A schedule change has been approved in FY 2009, and the agency is still on 

track to meet 100 percent completion planned by end of FY 2010. No corrective action needed. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: Emphasis toward achievement of these objectives will be 

maintained in FY 2009 and FY 2010 by: (1) continuing to create and strengthen partnerships, (2) 

focusing resources on mission-driven priorities, (3) connecting recreation benefits to communities, (4) 

providing for changing urban populations, and, most importantly, (5) sustaining and expanding quality 

recreation opportunities. Recent years have seen the development of refined business practices to 

promote accountability and the optimal use of operations funding, capital investment, and partners’ 

contributions. These have included Infrastructure data management, the National Visitor Use Monitoring 

system, the Special Uses Database System, and Recreation Facility Analysis. Ongoing efforts will 

continue to be made to ensure that these performance objectives are met, including emphasizing the use 

of additional resources through partnerships and other authorities that are directed towards reducing 

deferred maintenance. 

The National Forest Road System (NFRS) is an integral part of the rural transportation network and is 

operated and maintained to provide safe access for resource program activities. Efforts are being made to 

“right size” (establish the appropriate mix of road maintenance levels) the NFS’ Transportation System to 

establish an appropriately sized, safe, sustainable road system for passenger cars that provides access to 

and through NFS lands in support of current resource management needs. The deferred maintenance 

backlog on the road and bridge system is significant and is a barrier to a quality outdoor experience. 

Efforts are being made to identify the system of roads that: 1) meet identified needs, 2) are sustainable 

with available resources, and 3) compliant with environmental and safety requirements. Rising cost of 

construction due to high fuel and material prices could affect the ability of the agency to meet its goals. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-33
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Means and Strategies for Success: The detailed program budget justification identifies the operations 

and capital investments required to continue efforts on these objectives. In particular, the following major 

areas of emphasis will be addressed: 

 Provide a diverse range of quality natural resource based recreation opportunities in partnership with 

people and communities. 

 Protect the natural, cultural and scenic environment for present and future generations to enjoy. 

 Partner with public and private recreation service providers to meet public needs. 

 Implement corporate systems to ensure effective decisions, investments and sound business practices 

and enhance the professionalism of our workforce. 

 Identify that the system of roads needed to meet agency needs is sustainable with available resources 

and in compliance with environmental and safety requirements. 

 Establish the appropriate mix of road maintenance levels for the NFS Transportation System in line 

with financial resources and in conformance with approved Land Management Resource Plans. 

 Validate/update Road Management Objectives with Line officers. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-34
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service 

Outcome: Administrative facilities, information systems, and landownership management with the 

capacity to support a wide range of natural resource challenges. 

Natural resources are affected by a wide range of forces, including natural events, overuse, and various 

management and law enforcement activities. The Forest Service maintains a workforce with the skills and 

capabilities to deal with the impacts of these events and assist other countries in managing their natural 

resources. Effectively managing its natural resources and ensuring the safety of the land and its users 

requires quality data, strategic unit plans, law enforcement officials, and facility maintenance, to meet 

these needs. 

Land management plans, required of each unit in the National Forest System, facilitate the 

implementation of governing laws and regulations. Public involvement and regular updates ensure that 

Forest Service units continually address changing conditions and public needs. Inventory and monitoring 

activities provide verifiable data and spatial resource information to support land management planning, 

ecosystem assessments, and other program management needs. The Forest Service also maintains and 

manages dams, fire and administrative facilities, and supporting infrastructure critical to achieving 

resource management goals and objectives.

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

State & Private Forestry $7,383 $8,500 $9,068

National Forest System $347,323 $351,913 $349,260

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $55,951 $61,472 $67,808

Discretionary Funds Total $410,657 $421,885 $426,136

Permanent Funds $18,575 $26,600 $30,400

Grand Total, Forest Service $429,232 $448,485 $456,536

Principal Programs to Achieve Goal 5

Many Forest Service programs contribute toward achieving the outcome of Goal 5. Some of the 

programs include Land management Planning, Law Enforcement, Inventory and Monitoring, Capital 

Improvement and Maintenance – Facilities, and International Programs. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-35
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 5 – Key Performance Measure Assessment

Strategic Plan Objectives 

5.1 Improve accountability through effective strategic and land management planning and efficient 

use of data and technology in resource management. 

5.2 Improve the administration of national forest lands and facilities in support of the agency’s 

mission. 

Strategic Plan Measures 

Actual Target Actual Targets Performance 

Measure Baseline FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

5.1.a. Percentage of 

selected data in 

information systems that 

is current to standard 

44% 46% Not 

Available 54% 64% 76% 100% 

5.2.a. Percentage of 

administrative facilities 

that are being 

maintained to standard 

64% 66% 66% 63% 66% 63% 75% 

5.2.b. Percentage of 

newly reported 

encroachments and title 

claims administered to 

standard8

60% Not 

Available 

Not 

Available 3% 10% 25% 90% 

Goal 5 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service met not meet either of the targets for the 

strategic plan measures.

Performance Measures 

Measure FY 2008 

Actual 

FY 2009 

Target 

FY 2010 

Target 

Facilities Condition Index 62% 87% 86% 

Miles of trail maintained to standard 30,867 31,150 30,525 

Percent of administrative facilities maintained to standard 63% 66% 63% 

Ratio of facilities deferred maintenance eliminated to annual 

funding for major facilities projects 24% 45% 50% 

Percentage of Road System open for highway legal vehicles that 

is in good or fair condition N/A 30% 30% 

Miles of highway legal vehicle road maintenance 46,247 46,500 46,500 

Cost of capital improvement and maintenance per mile of 

highway legal vehicle road in good or fair condition N/A $5,500 $5,500 

Cost per trail mile maintained and improved to standard $2,313 $3,045 $3,185 

 

8

 This performance measure was discontinued; efforts are underway to develop a new performance measure and 

associated targets. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-36
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Current Capital Improvement and Maintenance program assessment

FY 2008 Results Assessment: An assessment of 10 selected GIS layers indicates an overall increase of 

agency data to GIS data dictionary standards in information systems. This result will continue; however, 

accomplishments will be slowed as new standards are being developed annually for geospatial and tabular 

data. Also, as field units are continuing to update and implement plans for inventory and monitoring of 

high-priority areas to support resource management and decision making in the agency, areas of lower 

priority remain at older standards. 

The rising cost of construction, materials and fuels have impacted the ability to increase the percent of 

buildings maintained to standard. The current inventory is larger than needed and many facilities are in 

disrepair as evidenced by a large deferred maintenance backlog. It has been difficult to properly maintain 

facilities with available resources. 

The results of the Capital Improvement and Maintenance program assessment were not as successful as 

desired. The agency is taking actions to align the Forest Service with USDA and OMB’s Real Property 

Initiatives and Asset Management Plans. The performance measures developed as a result of the effort 

have improved planning and assessment of the agency’s infrastructure, resulting in better priority setting 

criteria and project selection. Better planning and assessment supports the agency’s effort to determine an 

optimal infrastructure level, keeping only what is necessary to implement the agency’s mission and meet 

public expectations. To further inform infrastructure maintenance, the agency has adopted the industry 

standards for the Facility Condition Index for buildings. The Index is a general metric that tracks national 

trends in the condition of the agency’s portfolio with respect to the deferred maintenance backlog. At the 

local level, the Index allows local decision makers to prioritize individual assets for funding, repair, or 

disposal, based on relative conditions. 

The Forest Service has completed a trend analysis in response to Audit report No. 08601-02-HY, 

“Follow-up on Recommendations made on the Maintenance of Forest Service’s Infrastructure” (June 14, 

2006). The agency has also developed a format and report for the agency’s corporate data warehouse to 

track trends in deferred maintenance in accordance with the agency’s Asset Management Plan. The Forest 

Service is developing long-term outcome-based performance measures that fully cover the program, 

including safety, condition sustainability and environmental suitability, utilization, and mission 

dependency. It will also develop and implement a strategy to prioritize road, facility and trail 

improvements that reflect investment strategies as a common criterion for reducing the deferred 

maintenance backlog. Finally, the agency has utilized disposal authorities to convey excess or unneeded 

properties through the Facilities Realignment and Enhancement Act. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-37
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010 

Integrated resource inventory, monitoring, and assessment activities include information collection, 

storage, analysis, and decision-making processes used by the Forest Service to manage the NFS lands and 

resources under its care. The primary focus of these programs is to improve the knowledge base of the 

agency for decision-making and management purposes which, in turn, contributes to achieving a number 

of the other strategic goals and objectives. Integrated resource inventories are designed to meet multiple 

needs for tabular and spatial (GIS) information. The strategic plan performance measure is used to assess 

how well the agency is moving toward standardization of inventory and monitoring information. As 

standards for information are approved for new inventory and monitoring activities or revised for existing 

activities in the data dictionary, the overall field workload and cost will increase making it unlikely the 

agency will accomplish 100 percent to standard by 2012. The Forest Service must revise or update their 

plans for high priority inventory and monitoring to meet essential agency business needs and to reflect 

new or revised standards approved for implementation in by FY 2012. 

The Forest Service needs to utilize existing authorities, in addition to requesting new authorities or 

extensions as appropriate to reduce the inventory of unneeded buildings resulting in more efficient use of 

available funds to maintain the remaining stock at appropriate standards. Agency goals will be met when 

the unneeded buildings are removed or conveyed, needed buildings are sustainable within available 

budgets and in compliance with appropriate building codes, and located on sites that provide the needed 

FS presence for the public. 

Means and Strategies for Success

Actions to be taken to address performance are as follows: 

 Coordinate inventory, monitoring, and assessment activities through the development and 

implementation of an integrated program planning process that addresses essential information needs 

related to agency business requirements. 

 Focused funding and emphasis on collection and standardization of essential information; 

 Implementation of a standards-based approach and framework for information management and 

related business operations. This includes implementation of a protocol (standards and methods) 

governance strategy; 

 Foster and realize opportunities for collaboration, cooperation, and coordination across the Forest 

Service programs and with partners, including the public; local, state, and other federal agencies; and 

non-government organizations. 

 Continue to utilize existing authorities to the extent possible to provide the incentive or avenue to 

reduce the inventory of unneeded buildings and sites. 

 Remove or convey unneeded buildings, 

 Buildings identified as needed should be sustainable within available budgets and in compliance with 

appropriate building codes and maintained to the needed standard, including making them safe, and 

environmentally sound. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-38
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Program 

Outcome: Broader access by Americans to the long-term environmental, social, economic, and 

other types of benefits provided by the Forest Service. 

The Forest Service promotes understanding and professional management of the Nation’s forests, 

including its urban forests. The National Forest System, State and Private Forestry, and Research and 

Development all contribute to an integrated approach for natural resources stewardship to better connect 

urban residents to the value of well-managed public and private forests and to improve quality of life. 

The Forest Service uses its institutional capacity, expertise and extensive partnerships to engage and 

benefit urban America by: 

 providing all Americans broader access to the benefits trees and forests provide: clean air, clean and 

abundant water, reduced energy costs, reduced green house gas emissions, recreation, improved 

human health, and jobs, 

 enriching the connections between urban America and nature by providing conservation education and 

meaningful outdoor experience 

 developing future natural resource leaders and providing meaningful outdoor recreational 

opportunities, 

 providing urban residents increased opportunities to participate in natural resources stewardship and 

management, including green jobs, and 

 enhancing sustainable management of urban natural resources for the benefit and well being of all. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $5,197 $5,320 $5,371

State & Private Forestry $27,691 $29,541 $29,327

Discretionary Funds Total $32,888 $34,861 $34,698

Permanent Funds $10 $65 $65

Grand Total, Forest Service $32,898 $34,926 $34,763

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-39
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Principal Programs to Achieve Goal 6

Many Forest Service programs contribute toward achieving the outcome of Goal 6, including Urban and 

Community Forestry (U&CF); Conservation Education (including the Smokey Bear and Woodsey Owl 

Licensee Programs); Recreation and Heritage Resources; Research and Development; and others. 

Strategic Plan Objectives 

6.1 Promote conservation education to increase environmental literacy through partnerships with 

groups that benefit and educate urban populations. 

6.2 Improve the management of urban and community forests to provide a wide range of public 

benefits. 

Strategic Plan Measures 

Actual Target Actual Targets Performance Measure Baseline 

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

6.1.a. Number of people 

who annually participate 

in Forest Service 

environmental literacy 

programs and activities. 

2,500,000 4,989,365 Not 

available 6,448,041 4,200,000 4,200,000 3,200,000 

6.2.a Number of 

communities with 

developing or established 

urban and community 

forestry programs 

resulting from Forest 

Service assistance 

6,564 6,326 5,890 7,139 7,200 7,200 10,000 

Goal 6 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service exceeded the target for strategic plan 

measure 6.2a. While no target was established for measure 6.1.a, performance far exceeded FY 2007 

results. 

FY 2008 Results Assessment: For measure 6.1 - The increase in reported accomplishments from 

FY2007 to FY2008 reflects several factors. Nationally, the Forest Service is focusing on reconnecting 

people, especially kids, with nature, utilizing a continuum of programming to enhance environmental 

literacy, from outdoor recreational and interpretive activities to multi-day intensive teacher training. This 

focus resulted in an overall increase in environmental literacy programming in FY 2008. Additionally, 

accomplishment reporting became more comprehensive in FY 2008 to include efforts previously underreported, such as interpretive services programs and activities. Finally, the conservation education 

leadership has worked closely with field personnel to report accomplishments, resulting in an increase in 

the use of the National Information on Conservation Education (NICE) reporting system by field staff. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-40
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

For measure 6.2 - In FY 2008, the State U&CF Programs continued to provide educational, technical, and 

financial assistance to communities, and to report on local community accomplishments in improving 

urban forest management by hiring professional staff, developing policies and ordinances, developing 

forest management plans, and establishing community advisory groups. The States, U.S. Territories, and 

the District of Columbia reported assisting 7,139 communities, where 177 million people lived, with 

developing or established U&CF programs. This population served by the U&CF program represents 

approximately 78 percent of the people living in communities with the potential to develop programs to 

care for their trees and urban forest resources. The number of communities assisted in FY 2008 increased 

by 813 over FY 2007. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: For measure 6.1 – The general trends discussed in the FY 2008 

results assessment are likely to continue in FY’s 2009 and 2010. 

For measure 6.2 - As Forest Service programs continue to be integrated and expanded to better engage 

urban America and achieve the outcome and strategic objectives of this goal, additional communities will 

be engaged in Forest Service programs. The benefits to urban America extend well beyond the limited 

strategic plan measures assigned to this Goal and additional strategic plan measures should be identified. 

The target for FY 2009 should be adjusted upward to 7,200 communities based on FY 2008 results, 

assuming stable funding levels. 

Means and Strategies for Success: 

 Assist communities to increase professional urban forestry staffing, ordinances, management plans, 

and local advisory and advocacy groups for managing forest resources in cities, suburbs, and towns. 

 Expand recreational opportunities and access for diverse and increasingly urban audiences on 

National Forests and Grasslands and on state, private, and municipal lands. 

 Develop methods to measure environmental literacy and techniques to engage urban residents in the 

management of urban forests. 

 Integrate, coordinate, and disseminate existing and new ecological and social research on urban issues 

 Increase Forest Service awareness of urban populations and urban natural resources through training 

and information sharing 

 Develop partnerships with nontraditional partners to engage urban and underserved audiences. 

Facilitate the transfer of information, tools and technology to resource managers at the national, regional, 

state, and local level to ensure that urban trees and forests are strategically planned and managed to 

maximize the social, economic, and environmental services that they provide. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-41
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural 

Resources Management

Outcome: Management decisions are informed by the best available science-based knowledge and 

tools. 

The Forest Service provides science and technology solutions for clients and partners to sustainably 

manage forests and grasslands. Science-based applications and tools inform policy and resource 

management decisions to help achieve desired outcomes. To accomplish this goal, Research and 

Development (R&D) and Technology and Development (T&D) Centers will focus on organizational 

effectiveness as applied to natural resources management by public and private organizations. This 

includes applications of social sciences; organizational behavior; decision science and implementing 

effective fire management; response to global climate change; inventory and monitoring activities; 

landscape alteration; watershed management; energy demand; technology management; and policy 

analysis. 

Important components of this work include developing and testing innovative methods of synthesizing 

available science; transforming science and technology into usable technologies and tools; and creating 

and disseminating science applications to users. Partnerships with educational institutions and others are 

critical to program success and effectiveness. 

FY 2010 Budget Request (in thousands) 

 Appropriation

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Discretionary Funds

Annual Appropriations

Forest & Rangeland Research $95,648 $93,003 $94,891

State & Private Forestry $4,516 $5,000 $5,035

Other Appropriations $55 $50 $50

Discretionary Funds Total $100,219 $98,053 $99,976

Trust Funds $1,760 $2,350 $2,350

Grand Total, Forest Service $101,979 $100,403 $102,326

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural Resources 

Management

Principal Programs to Achieve Goal 7 

 

The principal program that contributes toward achieving the outcome of Goal 7 is FS R&D. 

FS R&D provides science, technology, and applications in support of sound policies and management 

decision making. In addition, FS R&D develops and conducts high quality research that is responsive to 

current and future resource priorities while providing effective applications and tools. 

The Inventory and Monitoring strategic program area provides the resource data, analysis, and tools 

needed to identify current status and trends, management options and impacts, and threats and impacts 

from fire, insects, disease, and other natural processes. 

Strategic Plan Objective 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-42
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

7.1 Increase the use of applications and tools developed by Forest Service Research & 

Development and Technology & Development Centers.

Strategic Plan Measures 

Performance Actual Target Actual Targets 

Measure Baseline 

FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2012 

7.1.a. Customer 

satisfaction with R&D 

products and services 

(ACSI score)9

72 72 72 72 73 73 75 

7.1.b. Number of 

patent applications 

filed 

10 11 10 6 6 6 13 

Goal 7 - FY 2008 Results Summary: The Forest Service achieved the annual results planned for 1 

of the strategic plan measures but missed the target for the other strategic plan measure. 

FY 2008 Results Assessment: 

Corrective Action Plans for Measures with FY 2008 Variance from Targets for Goal 7 

Patent Applications Filed 

Strategic 

Objective FY 2008 Accomplishment Measure % of Target Accomplished Target Accomp 

7.1b 

Patent applications filed based on FS Discovery, 

developments & applications 60% 10 6 

With a decreasing workforce, in particular Research scientists, it is not realistic to expect the number of 

patents filed or issued in a year to grow. The number of patents is more likely to decrease; therefore, the 

number of 6 patents filed is understandable as an expected output. 

Implications for FY 2009 and FY 2010: Although the overall number of patents filed/issued per year 

can probably be expected to decrease, the cost of patenting is continually rising (e.g., contracting fees for 

drafting, Patent Office fees, figure drafting fees, etc.). The program will need continued funding at 

current levels—at a minimum—to be able to process the invention disclosures coming from FS 

employees. Also, the FS Patent Program allocates some of its funding each year for marketing efforts of 

FS patents (often no other funding is available for marketing from the unit that invented the idea after the 

patent application has been filed). 

Means and Strategies for Success: 

 

9

 The ACSI assesses the satisfaction of private and other external customers with the relevance, usefulness, and 

accessibility of Research and Development products and services. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-43
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

 Develop and deploy cost-effective methods for inventory and monitoring activities. 

 Provide information and science-based tools that are used by managers and policymakers. 

 Develop and implement effective processes for engaging users in all phases of R&D study 

development. 

 Develop and deploy analysis and decision-support systems. 

 Develop tools for evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of alternative management practices. 

 Develop and deploy more effective methods for transferring scientific information, technologies, and 

applications to public and private sectors. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-44
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 External Audits and Reviews 

FY 2008 OIG Audits Conducted on the Forest Service 

 

Current OIG Audits (Audits less than 1 year old)

Audit Number Audit Title Report Issued? Audit Status 

08401-08-FM FY 2007 Financial 

Statements 

11/15/2007 Open 

08601-48-SF FS Air Safety Program 02/05/2008 Open 

08601-51-SF Controls Over 

Documenting & 

Reporting Hurricane 

Relief Expenditures to 

FEMA 

08/05/2008 Open 

08601-52-SF FS Renewable Energy 

Program 

08/12/2008 Open 

OIG Audits Officially Closed in FY 2008

Audit Number Audit Title Report Issued? Audit Status 

08601-01-HY FS Implementation of 

GPRA Program 

01/12/2004 Closed 

08601-03-TE FS Controls Over 

Vehicle Fuel & 

Maintenance Costs 

03/30/2007 Closed 

08601-47-SF Improper Payments 2/1/2007 Closed 

Summary of Outstanding Audits (Audits over 1 Year old)

FY 2008 Beginning Inventory 12 

 Audits added 8 

 Subtotals 20 

 Audits closed 3 

FY 2008 Ending Balance 17 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-45
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 GAO Audits Conducted on the Forest Service 

Job or Audit 

Report Number 

Audit Title Responsible 

Deputy 

Area/RSA 

Report 

Issued? 

Audit Status 

130855 Job Corps Capacity Issues BO-JC N In progress. 

360746 / 

GAO 08-195 

U.S. Forest Service 

Competitive Sourcing 

Program 

BO-CS Y Open 

360760/ 

GAO 08-196 

Federal Land 

Management: Federal 

Land Transaction 

Facilitation Act 

Restrictions and 

Management Weaknesses 

Limit Future Sales and 

Acquisitions 

NFS-L Y Open 

360868 / 

GAO 09-23 

Federal Land 

Management: Use of 

Stewardship Contracting Is 

Increasing, but Agencies 

Could Benefit from Better 

Data and Contracting 

Strategies 

NFS-FM Y Open 

360883 Implementation of the 

Wild Horse and Burro 

Program 

NFS-RGE N In progress. 

360886 / 

GAO 09-68 

Fire Program Analysis 

Issues 

S&PF-FAM Y Open 

360922 BLM and Forest Service 

Land Exchange Programs 

NFS-L N In progress. 

360939 Off-Highway Vehicle Use 

on Federal Lands 

NFS-RHVR N In progress. 

360944 FS Consolidation with 

DOI 

C N In progress. 

360964 Federal and State 

Cooperative Watershed 

Restoration and Protection 

Agreements (“Good 

Neighbor Authority”) 

NFS-WFW N In progress. 

360980 / 

GAO 09-225R 

Status of Endangered 

Species Act 

NFS-WFW N In progress. 

361012 Forest Service Appeals 

and Litigation 

NFS-EMC N In progress. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-46
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Management Challenges 

The Reports Consolidation Act of 2000 requires the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Office of 

Inspector General (OIG), to identify and report annually the most serious management challenges USDA 

and its agencies face. The major challenges identified for the Forest Service for FY 2008 were: 

 Implementation of strong, integrated management control (internal control) systems still needed 

 Continuing improvements needed in Information Technology (IT) Security 

 Implementation of Improper Payments Information Act Requirements Needs Improvement 

 Better FS management and community action needed to improve the health of the National Forests 

and Reduce the Cost of Fighting Fires 

During FY 2008, the Forest Service made significant progress in implementing corrective actions to 

address the IT, Improper Payments, and financial management challenges. The Forest Service obtained a 

seventh consecutive “clean’ audit opinion for the FY2008 financial statements. The IT material weakness 

was downgraded, and corrective actions to address improper payments were implemented. 

For 2009, the remaining management challenges and the corrective actions to address the challenges are 

addressed below. 

Implementation of Strong, Integrated Management Control (Internal Control) Systems 

Improve Forest Service internal controls and management accountability in order to effectively manage 

its resources, measure its progress towards goals and objectives, and accurately report its 

accomplishments. 

In response to this challenge, the Forest Service will: 

 Provide better oversight of national firefighting contract crews by implementing controls to monitor 

and ensure adequate training and ensure preseason language assessments/ certifications. 

 Conduct annual systems self-assessment for all financial/mixed-financial systems. 

 Conduct Washington Office oversight reviews on performance accountability in the Regions and 

issue a report. 

 Implement 65% of corrective actions identified through the Office of Management and Budget 

(OMB) Circular A-123, Appendix A (Internal Controls over Financial Reporting) process for 

financial processes. 

 Close 70% of open OIG and Government Accountability Office (GAO) audit recommendations in FY 

2009. 

Better Forest Service Management and Community Action Needed to Improve the Health of the 

National Forests and Reduce the Cost of Fighting Fires 

Develop methods to improve forest health. Establish criteria to reduce the threat of wildland fires. 

In response to this challenge, the Forest Service will: 

 Assess the effectiveness of hazardous fuels treatments and restoration projects. 

 Obtain clarification on both the FS and the States protection responsibilities in the Wildland Urban 

Interface (WUI) and on other private properties that are threatened by wildfires 

 Conduct large fire cost reviews and implement corrective actions, as applicable. 

 Develop partnerships with states and counties to facilitate development of fire prevention ordinances 

for use in planning and zoning in WUI areas. 

GAO High Risk Items 

The Forest Service has no items on the GAO High Risk list. 

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-47
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 –FY 2010 Funding and FTEs by Strategic Goal 

Goal 1: Restore, Sustain and Enhance the Nation's Forests and Grasslands

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $142,313 934 $149,790 952 $151,850 952 $2,060 0

State & Private Forestry $137,163 392 $141,402 393 $143,252 393 $1,850 0

National Forest System $587,830 4,481 $632,351 4,565 $630,643 4,536 -$1,708 -29

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $117,040 479 $121,947 498 $133,884 482 $11,937 -16

Other Appropriations $4,974 21 $5,000 10 $2,582 10 -$2,418 0

Wildland Fire Management $1,943,477 13,299 $2,131,630 13,382 $2,238,147 13,382 $106,517 0

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve $0 0 $0 0 $282,000 0 $282,000 0

Discretionary Funds Total $2,932,797 19,606 $3,182,120 19,800 $3,582,358 19,755 $400,238 -45

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $504,278 652 $606,247 525 $555,893 521 -$50,354 -4

Trust Funds $110,633 798 $118,628 818 $117,257 780 -$1,371 -38

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 2 $0 2 $0 2 $0 0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 49 $200,000 49 $0 49 $0 0

Grand Total $4,903,708 21,107 $4,106,995 21,194 $4,255,508 21,107 $348,513 -87

Goal 2: Provide and Sustain Benefits to the American People

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $33,758 224 $38,089 245 $38,212 245 $123 0

State & Private Forestry $4,206 1 $4,973 0 $0 0 -$4,973 0

National Forest System $241,463 1,657 $225,754 1,657 $225,237 1,649 -$517 -8

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $73,015 390 $69,384 371 $71,259 374 $1,875 3

Other Appropriations $2,556 15 $3,600 14 $3,600 12 $0 -2

Discretionary Funds Total $354,998 2,287 $341,800 2,287 $338,308 2,280 -$3,492 -7

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $22,203 184 $25,805 196 $24,191 162 -$1,614 -34

Trust Funds $23,913 177 $26,339 186 $25,869 172 -$470 -14

Grand Total $401,114 2,648 $393,944 2,669 $388,368 2,614 -$5,576 -55

Goal 3: Conserve Open Space

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years Amount

Staff 

Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $1,943 11 $2,163 13 $2,176 13 $13 0

State & Private Forestry $81,849 88 $76,445 88 $119,429 88 $42,984 0

National Forest System $32,653 209 $31,701 209 $32,510 209 $809 0

Land Acquisition $43,085 64 $51,075 45 $29,984 45 -$21,091 0

Discretionary Funds Total $159,530 372 $161,384 355 $184,099 355 $22,715 0

Mandatory Appropriations

Trust Funds $1,980 11 $2,660 13 $2,660 13 $0 0

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-48
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Goal 4: Sustain and Enhance Outdoor Recreation Opportunities

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $7,067 45 $8,015 49 $8,112 49 $97 0

National Forest System $260,310 1,942 $268,086 2,010 $268,914 1,975 $828 -35

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $228,762 1,341 $242,590 1,338 $284,011 1,422 $41,421 84

Discretionary Funds Total $496,139 3,328 $518,691 3,397 $561,037 3,446 $42,346 49

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $85,595 622 $122,000 618 $96,700 626 -$25,300 8

Trust Funds $20,161 125 $25,705 149 $26,163 146 $458 -3

Grand Total $601,895 4,075 $666,396 4,164 $683,900 4,218 $17,504 54

Goal 5: Maintain Basic Management Capabilities of the Forest Service

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

State & Private Forestry $7,383 25 $8,500 25 $9,068 30 $568 5

National Forest System $347,323 2,160 $351,913 2,071 $349,260 2,071 -$2,653 0

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $55,951 201 $61,472 209 $67,808 188 $6,336 -21

Discretionary Funds Total $410,657 2,386 $421,885 2,305 $426,136 2,289 $4,251 -16

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $18,575 45 $26,600 52 $30,400 52 $3,800 0

Grand Total $429,232 2,431 $448,485 2,357 $456,536 2,341 $8,051 -16

Goal 6: Engage Urban America with Forest Service Programs

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $5,197 34 $5,320 35 $5,371 35 $51 0

State & Private Forestry $27,691 45 $29,541 45 $29,327 45 -$214 0

Discretionary Funds Total $32,888 79 $34,861 80 $34,698 80 -$163 0

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $10 0 $65 0 $65 0 $0 0

Grand Total $32,898 79 $34,926 80 $34,763 80 -$163 0

Goal 7: Provide Science-Based Applications and Tools for Sustainable Natural Resources Management

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $95,648 674 $93,003 646 $94,891 646 $1,888 0

State & Private Forestry $4,516 7 $5,000 7 $5,035 7 $35 0

Other Appropriations $55 0 $50 0 $50 0 $0 0

Discretionary Funds Total $100,219 681 $98,053 653 $99,976 653 $1,923 0

Mandatory Appropriations

Trust Funds $1,760 10 $2,350 11 $2,350 11 $0 0

Grand Total $101,979 691 $100,403 664 $102,326 664 $1,923 0

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-49
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Strategic Plan and Performance Management 3-50

All Funds

FY 2008 Enacted FY 2009 Enacted FY 2010 President's Budget FY 2010 vs FY 2009

 Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years Amount Staff Years

Annual Appropriations

Discretionary Funds

Forest & Rangeland Research $285,926 1,922 $296,380 1,940 $300,612 1,940 $4,232 0

State & Private Forestry $262,808 558 $265,861 558 $306,111 563 $40,250 5

National Forest System $1,469,579 10,449 $1,509,805 10,512 $1,506,564 10,440 -$3,241 -72

Capital Improvement & Maintenance $474,768 2,411 $495,393 2,416 $556,962 2,466 $61,569 50

Land Acquisition $43,085 64 $51,075 45 $29,984 45 -$21,091 0

Other Appropriations $7,585 36 $8,650 24 $6,232 22 -$2,418 -2

Wildland Fire Management $1,943,477 13,299 $2,131,630 13,382 $2,520,147 13,382 $388,517 0

Discretionary Funds Total $4,487,228 28,739 $4,758,794 28,877 $5,226,612 28,858 $467,818 -19

Mandatory Appropriations

Permanent Funds $630,661 1,503 $780,717 1,391 $707,249 1,361 -$73,468 -30

Trust Funds $158,447 1,121 $175,682 1,177 $174,299 1,122 -$1,383 -55

FTEs Only

Allocation $0 1,074 $0 1,074 $0 1,074 $0 0

Discretionary Reimbursable $0 610 $0 610 $0 610 $0 0

Working Capital Fund $0 525 $0 525 $0 525 $0 0

FTEs Only Total $0 2,209 $0 2,209 $0 2,209 $0 0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 2 $0 2 $0 2 $0 0

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 49 $0 49 $0 49 $0 0

Grand Total $6,632,336 33,623 $5,715,193 33,705 $6,108,160 33,601 $392,967 -104
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Language and Proposed Changes in Language (Title IV)

Material proposed for deletion is enclosed in bold brackets; new language is underlined 

and bold. Changes are based on the Department of the Interior, Environment, and 

Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2008, as Division F of P.L. 111-8, the 

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2009. 

FOREST AND RANGELAND RESEARCH (Including Cancellation of Funds) 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

For necessary expenses of forest and rangeland research as authorized by law, 

[$296,380,000] $301,612,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That 

of the [funds provided, $60,770,000 is for the forest inventory and analysis 

program.]unobligated balances in this account, $1,000,000 are hereby 

permanently cancelled. Provided further, That no amounts may be cancelled 

from amounts that were designed by the Congress as an emergency 

requirement pursuant to the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget or the 

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended. 

(Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009.)

1. Reflects change in the level of funding.

2. Reflects change in the level for the cancellation of prior year funds.

3. Provides for agency discretion in use of funds.

4. Prohibits agency from using emergency funds for purposes other than those 

designated by Congress.

5. Adds reference.

STATE AND PRIVATE FORESTRY 

1. 

1. 

2. 

For necessary expenses of cooperating with and providing technical and financial 

assistance to States, territories, possessions, and others, and for forest health 

management, including treatments of pests, pathogens, and invasive or noxious 

plants and for restoring and rehabilitating forests damaged by pests or invasive 

plants, cooperative forestry, and education and land conservation activities and 

conducting an international program as authorized, [$265,861,000] $306,111,000, 

to remain available until expended, as authorized by law; and of which 

[$49,445,000] $91,060,000 is to be derived from the Land and Water Conservation 

Fund. (Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Reflects change in the level of funding. 

2. Adds reference. 

 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM (Including Cancellation of Funds) 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

For necessary expenses of the Forest Service, not otherwise provided for, for 

management, protection, improvement, and utilization of the National Forest 

System, [$1,514,805,000] $1,516,564,000, to remain available until expended, 

which shall include 50 percent of all moneys received during prior fiscal years as 

fees collected under the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965, as 

amended, in accordance with section 4 of the Act (16 U.S.C. 460l–6a(i)): Provided,

That, the Secretary may authorize the expenditure or transfer of such sums as 

necessary to the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, for 

removal, preparation, and adoption of excess wild horses and burros from 

National Forest System lands, and for the performance of cadastral surveys to 

designate the boundaries of such lands: Provided further, That of the unobligated 

balances in this account, [$5,000,000] $10,000,000 are [rescinded] hereby 

permanently cancelled: Provided further, That no amounts may be cancelled

from amounts that were designated by the Congress as an emergency 

requirement pursuant to the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget or the 

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended. 

(Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Reflects change in the level of funding. 

2. The Department of Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2005, 

P. L. 108-447, provided this authority through FY 2009. This provision will 

extend the authority through 2014. Without the authority to expend or transfer 

funds to the Department of Interior, the Forest Service will be unable to 

receive the specialized services necessary from BLM for administering the 

wild horse and burros program and performing cadastral surveys. For the 

wild horses and burros program, the Forest Service does not have the 

infrastructure in place to provide long-term care or facilitate adoption of 

excess animals. For cadastral surveys, the Bureau of Land Management 

(BLM) is the only agency that has exclusive Federal cadastral survey 

authority on all Federal lands, including National Forest System lands. On an 

annual basis, the Forest Service needs the BLM to perform Federal authority 

cadastral surveys in advance of State authority land surveys. In addition, the 

transfer authority allows the Forest Service to save additional administrative 

costs that would be required if the agency were not able to reimburse DOI for 

costs associated with these two programs.

3. Reflects change in the level for the cancellation of prior year funds.

4. Prohibits agency from using emergency funds for purposes other than those 

designated by Congress.

5. Adds reference.

Appropriation Language Changes 4-2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT & MAINTENANCE (Including Transfer of Funds) 

1. 

 

 

 

 

 2. 

 

3. 

For necessary expenses of the Forest Service, not otherwise provided for, 

[$495,393,000] $556,962,000, to remain available until expended, for construction, 

capital improvement, maintenance and acquisition of buildings and other facilities 

and infrastructure; and for construction, capital improvement, decommissioning, 

and maintenance of forest roads and trails by the Forest Service as authorized by 16 

U.S.C. 532–538 and 23 U.S.C. 101 and 205: Provided, That $50,000,000 shall be 

designated for urgently needed road decommissioning, road and trail repair and 

maintenance and associated activities, and removal of fish passage barriers, 

especially in areas where Forest Service roads may be contributing to water quality 

problems in streams and water bodies which support threatened, endangered or 

sensitive species or community water sources: Provided further, That up to 

$40,000,000 of the funds provided herein for road maintenance shall be available 

for the decommissioning of roads, including unauthorized roads not part of the 

transportation system, which are no longer needed: [Provided further, That no 

funds shall be expended to decommission any system road until notice and an 

opportunity for public comment has been provided on each decommissioning 

project: Provided further, That the decommissioning of unauthorized roads not part 

of the official transportation system shall be expedited in response to threats to 

public safety, water quality, or natural resources: Provided further, That funds 

becoming available in fiscal year 2009 under the Act of March 4, 1913 (16 U.S.C. 

501) shall be transferred to the General Fund of the Treasury and shall not be 

available for transfer or obligation for any other purpose unless the funds are 

appropriated]. (Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related 

Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009.)

1. Reflects change in the level of funding. 

2. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. Preserves authority 

provided by the Act of March 4, 1913 to retain ten percent of receipts from the 

national forests in a permanent fund for maintenance of roads, trails, and 

bridges. This provides the agency with additional opportunity to correct road 

and trail deficiencies that adversely affect ecosystems, reduce deferred 

maintenance, and protect Federal investments made in the agency’s 

infrastructure without sole reliance upon discretionary appropriations. 

3. Adds reference. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

LAND ACQUISITION 

 1. 

 2. 

For expenses necessary to carry out the provisions of the Land and Water 

Conservation Fund Act of 1965, as amended (16 U.S.C. 460l–4 through 11), 

including administrative expenses, and for acquisition of land or waters, or interest 

therein, in accordance with statutory authority applicable to the Forest Service, 

[$49,775,000] $28,684,000, to be derived from the Land and Water Conservation 

Fund and to remain available until expended. (Department of the Interior, 

Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009.)

1. Reflects change in the level of funding. 

2. Adds reference. 

ACQUISITION OF LANDS FOR NATIONAL FORESTS SPECIAL ACTS 

 1. 

For acquisition of lands within the exterior boundaries of the Cache, Uinta, and 

Wasatch National Forests, Utah; the Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada; and the 

Angeles, San Bernardino, Sequoia, and Cleveland National Forests, California, as 

authorized by law, $1,050,000 to be derived from forest receipts. (Department of 

the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009). 

 

 1. Adds reference 

ACQUISITION OF LANDS TO COMPLETE LAND EXCHANGES 

 1. 

For acquisition of lands, such sums, to be derived from funds deposited by State, 

county, or municipal governments, public school districts, or other public school 

authorities, and for authorized expenditures from funds deposited by non-Federal 

parties pursuant to Land Sale and Exchange Acts, pursuant to the Act of December 

4, 1967, as amended (16 U.S.C. 484a), to remain available until expended. (16 

U.S.C. 4601-516-617a, 555a; Public Law 96-586; Public Law 76-589, 76-591; and 

78-310). (Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Adds reference 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

RANGE BETTERMENT FUND 

1. 

For necessary expenses of range rehabilitation, protection, and improvement, 50 

percent of all moneys received during the prior fiscal year, as fees for grazing 

domestic livestock on lands in National Forests in the 16 Western States, pursuant 

to section 401(b)(1) of Public Law 94–579, as amended, to remain available until 

expended, of which not to exceed 6 percent shall be available for administrative 

expenses associated with on-the-ground range rehabilitation, protection, and 

improvements. (Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related 

Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Adds reference. 

GIFTS, DONATIONS, AND BEQUESTS FOR FOREST AND RANGELAND 

RESEARCH 

1. 

For expenses authorized by 16 U.S.C. 1643(b), $50,000, to remain available until 

expended, to be derived from the fund established pursuant to the above Act. 

(Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Adds reference. 

MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL FOREST LANDS FOR SUBSISTENCE USES 

 

1. 

2. 

For necessary expenses of the Forest Service to manage Federal lands in Alaska 

for subsistence uses under title VIII of the Alaska National Interest Lands 

Conservation Act (Public Law 96–487), [$5,000,000] $2,582,000, to remain 

available until expended. (Department of the Interior, Environment, and 

Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Reflects change in the level of funding. 

2. Adds reference. 

WILDLAND FIRE MANAGEMENT (Including Transfer of Funds) 

1. 

For necessary expenses for forest fire presuppression activities on National Forest 

System lands, for emergency fire suppression on or adjacent to such lands or other 

lands under fire protection agreement, hazardous fuels reduction on or adjacent to 

such lands, and for emergency rehabilitation of burned-over National Forest 

System lands and water, [$2,131,630,000] $2,238,147,000, to remain available 

until expended: Provided, That such funds including unobligated balances under 

this heading, are available for repayment of advances from other appropriations 

accounts previously transferred for such purposes: Provided further, That such 

funds shall be available to reimburse State and other cooperating entities for 

services provided in response to wildfire and other emergencies or disasters to the 

extent such reimbursements by the Forest Service for non-fire emergencies are 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-5 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

2. 

 

 

3. 

 

 

 

 3. 

 

 

 

 

 4. 

 

fully repaid by the responsible emergency management agency: [Provided further, 

That, notwithstanding any other provision of law, $8,000,000 of funds appropriated 

under this appropriation shall be used for Fire Science Research in support of the 

Joint Fire Science Program: Provided further, That all authorities for the use of 

funds, including the use of contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements, available 

to execute the Forest and Rangeland Research appropriation, are also available in 

the utilization of these funds for Fire Science Research: Provided further, That 

funds provided shall be available for emergency rehabilitation and restoration, 

hazardous fuels reduction activities in the urban-wildland interface, support to 

Federal emergency response, and wildfire suppression activities of the Forest 

Service: Provided further, That of the funds provided, $328,086,000 is for 

hazardous fuels reduction activities, $11,500,000 is for rehabilitation and 

restoration, $23,917,000 is for research activities and to make competitive research 

grants pursuant to the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act, 

as amended (16 U.S.C. 1641 et seq.), $55,000,000 is for State fire assistance, 

$9,000,000 is for volunteer fire assistance, $17,252,000 is for forest health 

activities on Federal lands and $9,928,000 is for forest health activities on State 

and private lands:] Provided further, That amounts in this paragraph may be 

transferred to the ‘‘State and Private Forestry’’, ‘‘National Forest System’’, and 

‘‘Forest and Rangeland Research’’ accounts to fund State fire assistance, volunteer 

fire assistance, forest health management, forest and rangeland research, the Joint 

Fire Science Program, vegetation and watershed management, heritage site 

rehabilitation, and wildlife and fish habitat management and restoration: Provided 

further, That [up to $15,000,000 of the funds provided under this heading for 

hazardous fuels treatments may be transferred to and made a part of the ‘‘National 

Forest System’’ account at the sole discretion of the Chief of the Forest Service 30 

days after notifying the House and the Senate Committees on Appropriations: 

Provided further, That] the costs of implementing any cooperative agreement 

between the Federal Government and any non-Federal entity may be shared, as 

mutually agreed on by the affected parties: Provided further, That [in addition to 

funds provided for State Fire Assistance programs, and subject to all authorities 

available to the Forest Service under the State and Private Forestry Appropriation, 

up to $15,000,000 may be used on adjacent non-Federal lands for the purpose of 

protecting communities when hazard reduction activities are planned on national 

forest lands that have the potential to place such communities at risk: Provided 

further, That funds made available to implement the Community Forest 

Restoration Act, Public Law 106–393, title VI, shall be available for use on nonFederal lands in accordance with authorities available to the Forest Service under 

the State and Private Forestry Appropriation] of the funds provided herein, the 

Secretary of Agriculture may enter into procurement contracts or cooperative 

agreements, or issue grants, for hazardous fuels reduction activities and for 

training and monitoring associated with such hazardous fuels reduction 

activities, on Federal land, or on adjacent non-Federal land for activities that 

benefit resources on Federal land: Provided further, That the Secretary of the 

Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture may authorize the transfer of funds 

appropriated for wildland fire management, in an aggregate amount not to exceed 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-6 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

 

5. 

6. 

$10,000,000, between the Departments when such transfers would facilitate and 

expedite jointly funded wildland fire management programs and projects: Provided 

further, That of the funds provided for hazardous fuels reduction, not to exceed 

$5,000,000, may be used to make grants, using any authorities available to the 

Forest Service under the State and Private Forestry appropriation, for the purpose 

of creating incentives for increased use of biomass from national forest lands: 

[Provided further, That funds designated for wildfire suppression shall be assessed 

for cost pools on the same basis as such assessments are calculated against other 

agency programs]. (Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related 

Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009). 

1. Reflects change in level of funding. 

2. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

3. Authority is provided in previous paragraph and is therefore redundant. 

4. Provides consistent authority across Federal lands. Language already appears 

in Department of Interior – Wildland Fire Management account. Authority 

allows for use of Federal funds on non-Federal land that benefit Federal lands, 

which provides for better integration of hazardous fuels projects. 

5. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

6. Adds reference. 

WILDLAND FIRE SUPRESSION CONTINGENCY RESERVE FUND 

1. For necessary expenses for transfer to “Wildland Fire Management” for 

emergency fire suppression on National Forest System lands or adjacent 

lands or other lands under fire protection agreement, $282,000,000, to remain 

available until expended: Provided, That amounts in this paragraph may be 

transferred and expended only if all funds appropriated for emergency fire 

suppression under the heading "Wildland Fire Management" have been fully 

obligated: Provided further, that amounts are available only to the extent the 

President has issued a finding that the amounts are necessary for emergency 

fire suppression. 

1. Reflects new funds available for fire suppression. 

ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS 

 

 

 

Appropriations to the Forest Service for the current fiscal year shall be available 

for: (1) purchase of passenger motor vehicles; acquisition of passenger motor 

vehicles from excess sources, and hire of such vehicles; purchase, lease, operation, 

maintenance, and acquisition of aircraft from excess sources to maintain the 

operable fleet for use in Forest Service wildland fire programs and other Forest 

Service programs; notwithstanding other provisions of law, existing aircraft being 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-7 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

replaced may be sold, with proceeds derived or trade-in value used to offset the 

purchase price for the replacement aircraft; (2) services pursuant to 7 U.S.C. 2225, 

and not to exceed $100,000 for employment under 5 U.S.C. 3109; (3) purchase, 

erection, and alteration of buildings and other public improvements (7 U.S.C. 

2250); (4) acquisition of land, waters, and interests therein pursuant to 7 U.S.C. 

428a; (5) for expenses pursuant to the Volunteers in the National Forest Act of 

1972 (16 U.S.C. 558a, 558d, and 558a note); (6) the cost of uniforms as authorized 

by 5 U.S.C. 5901–5902; and (7) for debt collection contracts in accordance with 31 

U.S.C. 3718(c). 

 

 

 

 1. 

Any appropriations or funds available to the Forest Service may be transferred to 

the Wildland Fire Management appropriation for forest firefighting, emergency 

rehabilitation of burned-over or damaged lands or waters under its jurisdiction, and 

fire preparedness due to severe burning conditions upon notification of the House 

and Senate Committees on Appropriations [and if and only] if all [previously 

appropriated] emergency fire suppression funds appropriated under the heading 

‘‘Wildland Fire Management’’ have been [released by the President and 

apportioned and all wildfire suppression funds under the heading ‘‘Wildland Fire 

Management’’ are] fully obligated.

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. Also, combined with 

Federal Government accounting procedures, this provision could cause stoppage 

of wildfire suppression activities. Once all suppression funds are obligated, 

account balances will be at zero and at that point, the Forest Service could have 

to stop suppression activities. To avoid this situation, transfers must be initiated 

prior to balances reaching zero. 

 

 

Funds appropriated to the Forest Service shall be available for assistance to or 

through the Agency for International Development in connection with forest and 

rangeland research, technical information, and assistance in foreign countries, and 

shall be available to support forestry and related natural resource activities outside 

the United States and its territories and possessions, including technical assistance, 

education and training, and cooperation with United States and international 

organizations. 

 1. 

 

[None of the funds made available to the Forest Service in this Act or any other 

Act with respect to any fiscal year shall be subject to transfer under the provisions 

of section 702(b) of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944 (7 U.S.C. 

2257), section 442 of Public Law 106–224 (7 U.S.C. 7772), or section 10417(b) of 

Public Law 107–107 (7 U.S.C. 8316(b)).]

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-8 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 1. 

 

[None of the funds available to the Forest Service may be reprogrammed without 

the advance approval of the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations in 

accordance with the reprogramming procedures contained in the explanatory 

statement described in section 4 (in the matter preceding division A of this 

consolidated Act).]

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

 1. [Not more than $73,285,000 of funds available to the Forest Service shall be 

transferred to the Working Capital Fund of the Department of Agriculture and not 

more than $19,400,000 of funds available to the Forest Service shall be transferred 

to the Department of Agriculture for Department Reimbursable Programs, 

commonly referred to as Greenbook charges. Nothing in this paragraph shall 

prohibit or limit the use of reimbursable agreements requested by the Forest 

Service in order to obtain services from the Department of Agriculture’s National 

Information Technology Center.]

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

 

1. [Funds available to the Forest Service shall be available to conduct a program of up 

to $5,000,000 for priority projects within the scope of the approved budget, of 

which $2,500,000 shall be carried out by the Youth Conservation Corps and 

$2,500,000 shall be carried out under the authority of the Public Lands Corps 

Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2005, Public Law 109–154.] 

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion and duplicates agency 

authority provided in a separate General Provision. 

Of the funds available to the Forest Service, $4,000 is available to the Chief of the 

Forest Service for official reception and representation expenses. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-9 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

1. 

 

 2. 

 

Pursuant to sections 405(b) and 410(b) of Public Law 101–593, of the funds 

available to the Forest Service, [$3,000,000] up to $2,000,000 may be advanced in 

a lump sum to the National Forest Foundation to aid conservation partnership 

projects in support of the Forest Service mission, without regard to when the 

Foundation incurs expenses, for administrative expenses or projects on or 

benefiting National Forest System lands or related to Forest Service programs:

Provided, That of the Federal funds made available to the Foundation, no 

more than $200,000 shall be available for administrative expenses: Provided, 

That the Foundation shall obtain, by the end of the period of Federal financial 

assistance, private contributions to match on at least one-for-one basis funds made 

available by the Forest Service: Provided further, That the Foundation may transfer 

Federal funds to Federal or a non-Federal recipient for a project at the same rate 

that the recipient has obtained the non-Federal matching funds: Provided further, 

That authorized investments of Federal funds held by the Foundation may be made 

only in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations 

guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States. 

1. Provides for agency discretion in level of funds transferred. 

2. Reflects a change in level of funding authorized for administrative expenses. 

 1. 

 2. 

 

 

Pursuant to section 2(b)(2) of Public Law 98–244, [$3,000,000] $2,650,000 of the 

funds available to the Forest Service [shall] may be advanced to the National Fish 

and Wildlife Foundation in a lump sum to aid cost-share conservation projects, 

without regard to when expenses are incurred, on or benefitting National Forest 

System lands or related to Forest Service programs: Provided, That such funds 

shall be matched on at least a one-for-one basis by the Foundation or its subrecipients: Provided further, That the Foundation may transfer Federal funds to a 

Federal or non-Federal recipient for a project at the same rate that the recipient has 

obtained the non-Federal matching funds. 

1. Provides for agency discretion in level of funds transferred. 

2. Provides for agency discretion. 

 

 

 1. 

Funds appropriated to the Forest Service shall be available for interactions with 

and providing technical assistance to rural communities and natural resource-based 

businesses for sustainable rural development purposes[.]: Provided, That no more 

than 2 percent of any unit’s budget may be used for such purposes: Provided 

further, That no more than 5 percent of the funds in any budget line item may 

be used for such purposes.

 1. Provides for agency discretion. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-10 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 1. 

 

[Funds appropriated to the Forest Service shall be available for payments to 

counties within the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area, pursuant to 

section 14(c)(1) and (2), and section 16(a)(2) of Public Law 99–663.]

 1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

 1. 

 

[Any funds appropriated to the Forest Service may be used to meet the non-Federal 

share requirement in section 502(c) of the Older American Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 

3056(c)(2)).] 

1. Forest Service is no longer a national grantee of the program. 

1. 

2. 

Funds available to the Forest Service, not to exceed [$50,000,000] $55,000,000, 

shall be assessed for the purpose of performing fire, administrative and other 

facilities maintenance. Such assessments shall occur using a square foot rate 

charged on the same basis the agency uses to assess programs for payment of rent, 

utilities, and other support services. 

1. Increases facilities maintenance assessment limitation. This increase will 

allow the agency to fund annual maintenance work and to address deferred 

maintenance projects with costs less than $250,000. 

2. Clarifies that the facilities maintenance assessment funds are to be used only 

for fire, administrative, and other facilities as defined in the agency’s budget 

justification special exhibit entitled Facilities Maintenance Assessment. 

 

 

 1. 

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any appropriations or funds available 

to the Forest Service not to exceed $500,000 may be used to reimburse the Office 

of the General Counsel (OGC), Department of Agriculture, for travel and related 

expenses incurred as a result of OGC assistance or participation requested by the 

Forest Service at meetings, training sessions, management reviews, land purchase 

negotiations and similar non-litigation related matters. [Future budget justifications 

for both the Forest Service and the Department of Agriculture should clearly 

display the sums previously transferred and the requested funding transfers.]

 1. Provision imposes unnecessary reporting requirements. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-11 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

1. Funds provided to the Forest Service in this Act may be used for the purpose 

of expenses associated with primary and secondary schooling for the 2009-

2010 school year of dependents of agency personnel stationed in Puerto Rico, 

at a cost not in excess of those authorized for the Department of Defense for 

the same area, when it is determined by the Chief of the Forest Service that

public schools available in the locality are unable to provide adequately for 

the education of such dependents. (Department of the Interior, Environment, 

and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009.)

1. Extends authority. 

GENERAL PROVISIONS (Title IV) 

(Including transfer of funds) 

 

SEC. 401. The expenditure of any appropriation under this Act for any consulting 

service through procurement contract, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 3109, shall be limited 

to those contracts where such expenditures are a matter of public record and 

available for public inspection, except where otherwise provided under existing 

law, or under existing Executive Order issued pursuant to existing law. 

SEC. 402. No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall be available for 

any activity or the publication or distribution of literature that in any way tends to 

promote public support or opposition to any legislative proposal on which 

Congressional action is not complete other than to communicate to Members of 

Congress as described in 18 U.S.C. 1913. 

SEC. 403. No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall remain available 

for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless expressly so provided herein. 

SEC. 404. None of the funds provided in this Act to any department or agency 

shall be obligated or expended to provide a personal cook, chauffeur, or other 

personal servants to any officer or employee of such department or agency except 

as otherwise provided by law. 

1. 

 2. 

SEC. 405. Estimated overhead charges, deductions, reserves or holdbacks from 

programs, projects, activities and subactivities to support government-wide, 

departmental, agency or bureau administrative functions or headquarters, regional 

or central operations shall be presented in annual budget justifications [and subject 

to approval by the Committees on Appropriations. Changes]. Advance notice of

changes to such estimates shall be presented to the Committees on Appropriations 

for approval. 

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

 2. Provides for agency discretion on timing of notification of the Committees. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-12 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 1. [SEC. 406. None of the funds made available in this Act may be transferred to any 

department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government except 

pursuant to a transfer made by, or transfer provided in, this Act or any other Act.]

 1. Provision unnecessarily restricts agency discretion. 

 1. 

 

SEC. [407] 406. None of the funds in this Act may be used to plan, prepare, or 

offer for sale timber from trees classified as giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron 

giganteum) which are located on National Forest System or Bureau of Land 

Management lands in a manner different than such sales were conducted in fiscal 

year 2006. 

1. Updates section number. 

1. SEC. [408] 407. (a) LIMITATION OF FUNDS.—None of the funds appropriated 

or otherwise made available pursuant to this Act shall be obligated or expended to 

accept or process applications for a patent for any mining or mill site claim located 

under the general mining laws. 

(b) EXCEPTIONS.—The provisions of subsection (a) shall not apply if the 

Secretary of the Interior determines that, for the claim concerned: (1) a patent 

application was filed with the Secretary on or before September 30, 1994; and (2) 

all requirements established under sections 2325 and 2326 of the Revised Statutes 

(30 U.S.C. 29 and 30) for vein or lode claims and sections 2329, 2330, 2331, and 

2333 of the Revised Statutes (30 U.S.C. 35, 36, and 37) for placer claims, and 

section 2337 of the Revised Statutes (30 U.S.C. 42) for mill site claims, as the case 

may be, were fully complied with by the applicant by that date. 

(c) REPORT.—On September 30, 2009, the Secretary of the Interior shall file with 

the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations and the Committee on 

Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 

and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on actions taken by the Department 

under the plan submitted pursuant to section 314(c) of the Department of the 

Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 (Public Law 104–208). 

(d) MINERAL EXAMINATIONS.—In order to process patent applications in a 

timely and responsible manner, upon the request of a patent applicant, the 

Secretary of the Interior shall allow the applicant to fund a qualified third-party 

contractor to be selected by the Bureau of Land Management to conduct a mineral 

examination of the mining claims or mill sites contained in a patent application as 

set forth in subsection (b). The Bureau of Land Management shall have the sole 

responsibility to choose and pay the thirdparty contractor in accordance with the 

standard procedures employed by the Bureau of Land Management in the retention 

of third-party contractors. 

1. Updates section number. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-13 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 1. SEC. [409] 408. Provision not applicable to the USDA Forest Service. 

 1. Updates section number. 

1.2. SEC. [410] 409. Prior to October 1, [2009] 2010, the Secretary of Agriculture 

shall not be considered to be in violation of subparagraph 6(f)(5)(A) of the Forest 

and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 

1604(f)(5)(A)) solely because more than 15 years have passed without revision of 

the plan for a unit of the National Forest System. Nothing in this section exempts 

the Secretary from any other requirement of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable 

Resources Planning Act (16 U.S.C. 1600 et seq.) or any other law: Provided, That 

if the Secretary is not acting expeditiously and in good faith, within the funding 

available, to revise a plan for a unit of the National Forest System, this section 

shall be void with respect to such plan and a court of proper jurisdiction may order 

completion of the plan on an accelerated basis. 

1. Updates section number. 

2. Extends provision until the end of FY 2010. This extension provides for 

continued implementation of existing land management plans and allows 

individual projects to move forward on their merits after appropriate NEPA 

analyses (i.e., prevents projects from being halted solely because a plan has not 

been officially revised within a 15-year timeframe). Delays in starting and 

completing plan revisions in a timely manner are due to a number of factors 

including: a) development of new planning rules; b) litigation of new planning 

rules; and c) confusion over changes needed to implement the new planning rule. 

1. SEC. [411] 410. No funds provided in this Act may be expended to conduct 

preleasing, leasing and related activities under either the Mineral Leasing Act (30 

U.S.C. 181 et seq.) or the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1331 et 

seq.) within the boundaries of a National Monument established pursuant to the 

Act of June 8, 1906 (16 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) as such boundary existed on January 

20, 2001, except where such activities are allowed under the Presidential 

proclamation establishing such monument. 

 1. Updates section number. 

1. SEC. [412]. 411. In entering into agreements with foreign countries pursuant to 

the Wildfire Suppression Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 1856m) the Secretary of 

Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior are authorized to enter into reciprocal 

agreements in which the individuals furnished under said agreements to provide 

wildfire services are considered, for purposes of tort liability, employees of the 

country receiving said services when the individuals are engaged in fire 

suppression: Provided, That the Secretary of Agriculture or the Secretary of the 

Interior shall not enter into any agreement under this provision unless the foreign 

country (either directly or through its fire organization) agrees to assume any and 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-14 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

all liability for the acts or omissions of American firefighters engaged in 

firefighting in a foreign country: Provided further, That when an agreement is 

reached for furnishing fire fighting services, the only remedies for acts or 

omissions committed while fighting fires shall be those provided under the laws of 

the host country, and those remedies shall be the exclusive remedies for any claim 

arising out of fighting fires in a foreign country: Provided further, That neither the 

sending country nor any legal organization associated with the firefighter shall be 

subject to any legal action whatsoever pertaining to or arising out of the 

firefighter’s role in fire suppression. 

 1. Updates section number. 

 

1. SEC. [413]. 412. In awarding a Federal contract with funds made available by this 

Act, notwithstanding Federal Government procurement and contracting laws, the 

Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior (the ‘‘Secretaries’’) may, 

in evaluating bids and proposals, give consideration to local contractors who are 

from, and who provide employment and training for, dislocated and displaced 

workers in an economically disadvantaged rural community, including those 

historically timber-dependent areas that have been affected by reduced timber 

harvesting on Federal lands and other forest-dependent rural communities isolated 

from significant alternative employment opportunities: Provided, That 

notwithstanding Federal Government procurement and contracting laws the 

Secretaries may award contracts, grants or cooperative agreements to local nonprofit entities, Youth Conservation Corps or related partnerships with State, local 

or non-profit youth groups, or small or micro-business or disadvantaged business: 

Provided further, That the contract, grant, or cooperative agreement is for forest 

hazardous fuels reduction, watershed or water quality monitoring or restoration, 

wildlife or fish population monitoring, or habitat restoration or management: 

Provided further, That the terms ‘‘rural community’’ and ‘‘economically 

disadvantaged’’ shall have the same meanings as in section 2374 of Public Law 

101–624: Provided further, That the Secretaries shall develop guidance to 

implement this section: Provided further, That nothing in this section shall be 

construed as relieving the Secretaries of any dutyunder applicable procurement 

laws, except as provided in this section. 

 1. Updates section number. 

SEC. [414]. 413 None of the funds made available by this or any other Act may be 

used in fiscal year 2009 for competitive sourcing studies and any related activities 

involving Forest Service personnel. 

 1. Updates section number. 

 1.. [SEC. 415. Unless otherwise provided herein, no funds appropriated in this Act for 

the acquisition of lands or interests in lands may be expended for the filing of 

declarations of taking or complaints in condemnation without the approval of the 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-15 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

House and Senate Committees on Appropriations: Provided, That this provision 

shall not apply to funds appropriated to implement the Everglades National Park 

Protection and Expansion Act of 1989, or to funds appropriated for Federal 

assistance to the State of Florida to acquire lands for Everglades restoration 

purposes.] 

 1. Provision unnecessarily restricts Executive Branch discretion. 

 1. [SEC. 416. None of the funds made available under this Act may be used to 

promulgate or implement the Environmental Protection Agency proposed 

regulations published in the Federal Register on January 3, 2007 (72 Fed. Reg. 

69).]

1. Provision unnecessarily restricts Executive Branch discretion. 

 1. [SEC. 417. Section 337(a) of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 108–447; 118 Stat. 3012) is amended by 

striking ‘‘September 30, 2006’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 2010’’.] 

1. Provision no longer necessary. Authority was extended through FY 2010 in 

the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009. 

 1. [SEC. 418. Section 330 of Public Law 106–291 concerning Service First 

authorities (114 Stat. 996), as amended by section 428 of Public Law 109–54 (119 

Stat. 555–556), is further amended by striking ‘‘2008’’ and inserting in lieu thereof 

‘‘2011’] 

1. Provision no longer necessary. Authority was extended through FY 2011 in the 

Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations 

Act, 2009. 

 1. [SEC. 419. Section 422 of title IV of division F of Public Law 110–161 is amended 

by inserting after ‘‘fiscal year 2007’’ the following: ‘‘and subsequent fiscal years 

through fiscal year 2014’’.] 

1. Provision no longer necessary. Authority was extended through FY 2014 in 

the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009. 

 1. SEC. [420]. 414. Provision not applicable to USDA Forest Service. 

1. Updates section number. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-16 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

 1. [SEC. 421. The boundaries of the Tongass National Forest in the State of Alaska 

are modified to include the approximately 1,043.38 acres of land acquired by the 

United States from the Alaska Mental Health Trust Authority, which is more 

particularly described as lots 1-B and 1-C, Mt. Verstovia-Gavan Hill Subdivision 

of U.S. Survey No. 3858 and U.S. Survey No. 3849.] 

1. Provision no longer necessary. This is a one-time modification to boundaries 

of the Tongass National Forest. 

 1. 

 

[SEC. 422. Title V of the Forest Service Realignment and Enhancement Act, 2005, 

Public Law 109–54, 119 Stat. 559–563; 16 U.S.C. 580d note, is amended as 

follows: (1) In section 503, subsection (f) by striking ‘‘2008’’ and inserting in lieu 

thereof ‘‘2011’’ and; (2) In section 504—(A) in subsection (a)(3) by striking in 

whole, and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘TERMS, CONDITIONS, AND 

RESERVATIONS.—The conveyance of an administrative site under this title shall 

be subject to such terms, conditions, and reservations as the Secretary determines 

to be necessary to protect the public interest’’; (B) in subsection (d)(1) by striking 

‘‘Subchapter I of chapter 5’’, and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘Chapter 5 of subtitle 

I’’; and (C) in subsection (d)(4)(B) by striking in whole, and inserting in lieu 

thereof ‘‘determine whether to include terms, conditions, and reservations under 

subsection (a)(3); and’’.]

1. Provision no longer necessary. Authority was extended through FY 2011 in 

the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2009. 

 1. 

 

SEC. [423] 415. LAKE TAHOE BASIN HAZARDOUS FUEL REDUCTION 

PROJECTS. (a) Hereafter, subject to subsection (b), a proposal to authorize a 

hazardous fuel reduction project, not to exceed 5,000 acres, including no more than 

1,500 acres of mechanical thinning, on the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit 

may be `ly excluded from documentation in an environmental impact statement or 

an environmental assessment under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 

(NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) if the project: (1) is consistent with the Lake 

Tahoe Basin Multi-Jurisdictional Fuel Reduction and Wildfire Prevention Strategy 

published in December 2007 and any subsequent revisions to the Strategy; (2) is 

not conducted in any wilderness areas; and (3) does not involve any new 

permanent roads. (b) A proposal that is categorically excluded under this section 

shall be subject to—(1) the extraordinary circumstances procedures established by 

the Forest Service pursuant to section 1508.4 of title 40, Code of Federal 

Regulations; and (2) an opportunity for public input.

2. Updates section number. 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-17 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 1. SEC. [424]. 416. Provision not applicable to USDA Forest Service.

 1. Updates section number. 

1. SEC. [425]. 417. Provision not applicable to the USDA Forest Service.

 1. Updates section number. 

 1. 

2. 

SEC. [426] 418. Section 325 of Public Law 108–108 is amended by striking 

‘‘fiscal years 2004–2008’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal year 2010.’’ 

1. Updates section number. 

2. Section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2004, Public Law 108-108 authorized the Secretary to 

renew grazing permits that expires, is transferred, or waived issued during 

fiscal years 2004—2008 and provides the Secretary discretion to set the 

priority and timing for the completion of grazing NEPA analysis, the 

Rescissions schedule notwithstanding. This provision extends those existing 

authorities until the end of FY 2013, coinciding with completion of the 

agency’s current grazing NEPA schedule. 

 1. [SEC. 427. The Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior shall 

execute an agreement that transfers management and oversight including transfer 

of function for the workforce, of the Centennial, Collbran, Columbia Basin, Fort 

Simcoe, Treasure Lake, and Weber Basin Job Corps Centers to the Forest Service. 

These Job Corps centers shall continue to be administered as described in section 

147(c) of Public Law 105–220, Workforce Investment Act of 1998.]

 1. Provision no longer necessary. One-time authority to transfer management and 

oversight of Job Corps Centers to the Forest Service. 

 1. [SEC. 428. Section 434 of division F of Public Law 110–161 is amended by 

striking paragraph (3) and inserting a new paragraph (3) as follows: ‘‘(3) By 

adding at the end the following: ‘‘ ‘(m) Section 106 of Public Law 108–148 shall 

apply to all projects authorized by this Act. Sections 104 and 105 of Public Law 

108–148 may be applied to projects authorized by this Act.’. ’’.] 

1. Provision no longer needed. One time amendment to the Herger-Feinstein 

Quincy Library Group Forest Recovery Act, P.L. 105-277. 

 1. SEC. 429. (a) During the 60-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of 

this Act—(1) the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce may 

withdraw or reissue the rule described in subsection (c)(1) without regard to any 

provision of statute or regulation that establishes a requirement for such 

withdrawal; and (2) the Secretary of the Interior may withdraw or reissue the rule 

Appropriation Language Changes 4-18 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

referred to in subsection (c)(2) without regard to any provision of statute or 

regulation that establishes a requirement for such withdrawal. (b) If the Secretary 

of the Interior or the Secretary of Commerce (or both) withdraws a rule under 

subsection (a), such Secretary shall implement the provisions of law under which 

the rule was issued in accordance with the regulations in effect under such 

provisions immediately before the effective date of such rule, except as otherwise 

provided by any Act or rule that takes effect after the effective date of the rule that 

is withdrawn. (c) The rules referred to in subsection (a) are the following: (1) The 

final rule relating to ‘‘Interagency Cooperation under the Endangered Species 

Act’’, issued by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and the National 

Marine Fisheries Service and signed November 26, 2008, by the Assistant 

Secretary of Fish and Wildlife and Parks of the Department of the Interior and the 

Deputy Assistant Administrator for the Regulatory Programs of the National 

Marine Fisheries Service. (2) The final rule relating to ‘‘Endangered and 

Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Special Rule for the Polar Bear’’, issued by the 

Assistant Secretary of Fish and Wildlife and Parks of the Department of the 

Interior on December 10, 2008. 

1. Provision not applicable to the USDA Forest Service.

 1. [SEC. 430. Within the amounts appropriated in this division, funding shall be 

allocated in the amounts specified for those projects and purposes delineated in the 

table titled ‘‘Congressionally Directed Spending’’ included in the explanatory 

statement accompanying this Act (as described in section 4, in the matter preceding 

division A of this consolidated Act). This division may be cited as the 

‘‘Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations 

Act, 2009’’.]

1. Provision no longer necessary. One-time direction provided for fiscal year 

2009 appropriations. 

1. Sec. 419. For fiscal years 2010 through 2013, a decision made by the 

Secretary of Agriculture to authorize grazing on an allotment shall be 

categorically excluded from documentation in an environmental assessment or 

an environmental impact statement under the National Environmental Policy 

Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) if: (1) the decision continues current 

grazing management of the allotment; (2) monitoring indicates that current 

grazing management is meeting, or satisfactorily moving toward, objectives in 

the land and resource management plan, as determined by the Secretary; and 

(3) the decision is consistent with agency policy concerning extraordinary 

circumstances. The total number of allotments that may be categorically 

excluded under this section may not exceed 900. The categorical exclusion 

under this section shall not apply with respect to any allotment in a federally 

designated wilderness area.

Appropriation Language Changes 4-19 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Language Changes 4-20 

1. The Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 

2005, P.L.108-447, Sec. 339, authorized the use of categorical exclusions for 

grazing NEPA decisions. This authority expired at the end of FY 2008. This 

provision adds (reinstates) categorical exclusion authority for grazing NEPA 

decisions on those allotments meeting the criteria established by the provision. 

This provides Categorical Exclusion (CE) authority through the second 3-year 

increment of the current agency NEPA schedule established per the provisions 

of the Rescissions Act of 1995. This extended timeline allows the agency to 

utilize this authority when appropriate, while maintaining flexibility to 

analyze the highest priority allotments in response to emerging issues. The 

agency believes there are a significant number of additional allotments that 

would meet the established criteria for utilizing the legislated CE authority. 

1. Sec. 420. Amounts deposited in fiscal year 2009 in the roads and trails fund 

provided for in the 14th paragraph under the heading “FOREST SERVICE” 

of the Act of March 4, 1913 (37 Stat. 843; 16 U.S.C. 501), shall be used by the 

Secretary of Agriculture, without regard to the State in which the amounts 

were derived, to repair or reconstruct roads, bridges, and trails on National 

Forest System lands. The projects shall emphasize reducing risks to human 

safety and public health and property and enhancing ecological functions, 

long-term forest productivity, and biological integrity. The projects may be 

completed in a subsequent fiscal year. Funds shall not be expended under this 

section to replace funds which would otherwise appropriately be expended 

from timber salvage sale fund. Nothing in this section shall be construed to 

exempt any project from any environmental law.

1. Preserves authority provided by the Act of March 4, 1913 to retain ten percent 

of receipts from the national forests in a permanent fund for maintenance of 

roads, trails, and bridges. This provides the agency with additional 

opportunity to correct road and trail deficiencies that adversely affect 

ecosystems, reduce deferred maintenance, and protect Federal investments 

made in the agency’s infrastructure without sole reliance upon discretionary 

appropriations. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Forest and Rangeland Research 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Forest & Rangeland Research

Annual Appropriations $285,926 $296,380 $5,131 -$899 $300,612 0%

Forest & Rangeland Research Total $285,926 $296,380 $5,131 -$899 $300,612 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1,922 1,940 1,940

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,922 1,940 1,940

Forest & Rangeland Research Activities

Wildland Fire & Fuels R&D $26,993 $28,646 $491 $0 $29,137 0%

Invasive Species R&D $34,397 $35,464 $594 $0 $36,058 0%

Recreation R&D $4,113 $4,940 $82 $0 $5,022 0%

Resource Management & Use $85,757 $88,878 $1,487 $101 $90,466 0%

Water, Air & Soil R&D $35,379 $36,442 $610 $0 $37,052 0%

Wildlife & Fish R&D $30,541 $31,609 $531 $0 $32,140 0%

Inventory & Monitoring R&D $8,374 $9,631 $167 $0 $9,798 0%

Forest Inventory & Analysis $60,372 $60,770 $1,169 $0 $61,939 0%

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 $0 $0 -$1,000 -$1,000 0%

Table Note: Inventory & Monitoring includes both FIA and Resource Data & Analysis, as described in the text 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest & Rangeland Research

Customer satisfaction index score for 

R&D 72 72 72 72 73 73 0

Number of patent applications filed 

(3-year average) 12 11 10 6 6 6 0

Percent of R&D programs that have 

been externally peer-reviewed within 

the last 5 years 25% 50% 75% 75% 100% 100% 0%

Number of R&D programs that have 

been externally peer-reviewed within 

the last 5 years 2226 8 8 0

Percent of peer-reviewed R&D 

programs that achieve a rating of 

satisfactory or excellent during the 

last 5 years 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 0%

Percent of Nation with accessible 

FIA data 84% 88% 90% 92% 92% 92% 0%

Quality Science Index - peerreviewed fire science publications 

per scientist year on a 3-year rolling 

average 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 0.0

Output Efficiency Index - total fire 

science products per scientist year on 

a 3-year rolling average 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.0 0.0

Invasive species tools developed, 

delivered and used on a 5-year rolling 

average 171 170 142 180 155 163 8

Cost per invasive species tool on a 5-

year running average adjusted for 

budgets (dollars in thousands) $242 $238 $426 $207 $426 $426 $0

Table Note: Customer satisfaction index score for R&D is formulated from the American Customer Satisfaction Index, an independently 

administered survey, beginning in FY 2006. 

Table Note: Beginning in FY 2006, Percent of Nation with accessible FIA data is based on percent of States, rather than percent of land.

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $300,612,000 for Forest and Rangeland Research (FS R&D), 

an increase in budget authority of $4,232,000 above FY 2009. The increase will cover pay and other cost 

increases and includes an increase of $101,000 in program funding. Funds under this appropriation are 

split among seven strategic program areas, listed as activities in the table above. The budget includes 

$61,939,000 for the Forest Inventory and Analysis program, an increase in budget authority of $1,169,000 

above FY 2009.

Climate Change

In FY 2008 $2.5 million was invested into eighteen special climate change research projects. These funds 

stimulated enhancements to existing tools and focused on urgent scientific questions like how wildland 

fire and water yield from forests may each be affected by climate change. A user-friendly website was 

also established to improve accessibility of relevant tools and resources: http://www.fs.fed.us/ccrc/. 

FS R&D is poised to deliver new and enhanced products, tools, and strategies under the Climate Change 

Research Growth Platform. 

In FY 2009, the Forest Service will invest $5.0 million in new funding to climate change research. These 

funds will support research on carbon cycle science, carbon inventory and management, bioenergy and 

biomaterials, atmospheric deposition in watersheds, climate and air quality effects, and social impacts and 

policy. FY 2010 funds will continue this climate change research to address key issues facing the 

nation’s forest lands. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

FS R&D provides scientific information and new technologies to support sustainable management of the 

Nation’s forests and rangelands. These products and services increase the basic biological and physical 

knowledge of the composition, structure, and function of forest, rangeland, and aquatic ecosystems. FS 

R&D is federally mandated to provide new knowledge and technologies to foster healthy watersheds, 

forest products, wildlife protection, outdoor recreation opportunities, and other benefits, across all U.S. 

territories and States (including both Federal and non-Federal lands). Research is conducted at five 

research stations, the Forest Products Laboratory, and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry 

located in Puerto Rico. There are approximately 500 scientists at 67 sites located throughout the United 

States. 

The Research program is structured around 3 components: foundations, growth platforms, and strategic 

program areas. The foundations consist of Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) and Experimental Forests 

and Ranges (EFRs, including long-term urban research areas). Each of the foundations (FIA & EFRs) 

rely on long-term, land-based monitoring to provide data for current research needs and provide a 

valuable data archive for future research needs. The Research Growth Platforms consist of five areas of 

emerging research needs: Climate Change; Biomass and Bioenergy; Urban Natural Resources 

Stewardship; Watershed Management and Restoration; and Nanotechnology. These platforms, which 

represent a commitment to timely and relevant research, rest on the foundation of FIA & EFRs, and on 

the core capacity reflected in the strategic program areas. 

 

The FS R&D budget is organized around the seven Strategic Program Areas that align with the goals and 

objectives of the Forest Service 2007-2012 Strategic Plan as well as the Chief’s Climate Change, Water, 

and More Kids in the Woods initiatives. These seven strategic areas are Wildland Fire and Fuels; 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Invasive Species; Outdoor Recreation; Resource Management and Use; Water, Air, and Soil; Wildlife and 

Fish; and Inventory and Monitoring. 

Allocation 

FS R&D priorities are based on the agency’s mission, direction from Congress, and Executive Branch 

priorities. The base FS R&D program is established using input from the field. The research stations, 

Forest Products Laboratory, and International Institute of Tropical Forestry prioritize research in response 

to local and regional needs. Field requests are reviewed, coordinated with critical needs identified at the 

national level, and then merged into a national research program. Funds are distributed to support the 

seven strategic program areas. 

Partnerships 

FS R&D partners include Federal and State agencies, universities, industry, nongovernmental 

organizations, tribal groups, and foreign government research cooperators. One of the most important 

functions of Forest Service Research is the distribution of information to forest managers and users 

implementing land management projects. The agency provides valuable technology transfer to our 

research partners, land management practitioners, State agencies, urban planners, private forest owners, 

private organizations, horticultural organizations, agricultural interests, as well as forest practitioners 

internal to the Forest Service. Seeking and forging strategic partnerships is a critical activity of FS R&D. 

Wildland Fire and Fuels R&D1

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The request includes $29,137,000 to support wildland fire and fuels research and development, an 

increase of $491,000 above FY 2009. Funds will support continued development of new knowledge and 

tools to guide planning and decision-making related to Appropriate Management Response to wildland 

fires, hazardous fuel reduction, and project area maintenance. This work will also, enhance the health and 

productivity of fire-affected ecosystems, post-fire emergency response and recovery, and effective work 

with communities and partners. 

For example, in FY 2010 Wildland Fire and Fuels R&D will 

improve the agency’s system for predicting emissions, smoke 

trajectories, and air quality impacts from wildland fires. 

More accurate estimates of annual wildfire emissions will 

result from integrating data from satellite observations, the 

National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), and Landscape Fire 

and Resource Management Planning Tools Project 

(LANDFIRE) with fuel consumption and emission models. 

During 2010, FS will analyze the performance of the Fire 

Spread Probabilities (FSPro) model and the impacts of 

implementing FSPro and associated models on the costs of 

wildfire suppression. 

Fire Management Benefits from 

Research in Wood for Energy 

Use of excess woody biomass can 

reduce the risk associated with 

catastrophic wildfire while helping to 

meet the Nation’s renewable energy 

needs. 

R&D is poised to improve sustainable 

biomass management and biofuels 

conversion technologies through the 

Biofuels Growth Platform. 

 

1

 Forest Service Research and Development manages a total of $61,054,000 for fire research. Forty-eight percent of this is under Forest and 

Rangeland Research (narrative above). The other 52 percent is funded through the Wildland Fire Management (WFM) appropriation under the 

National Fire Plan ($23,917,000) and under the Joint Fire Sciences Program ($8,000,000), with narratives in the WFM section of this document. 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Past Performance

In FY 2008, FS R&D enhanced FSPro and Rapid Assessment of Values at Risk (RAVAR) which are 

tools used in the Wildland Fire Decision Support System of the Forest Service. Other models and tools 

from Wildland Fire and Fuels R&D are used routinely to predict fire behavior, impacts of fire on air 

quality, and fire effects; to make decisions on appropriate Burned Area Emergency Rehab treatments; to 

plan hazardous fuels treatments; and to work with communities in the FIREWISE program and in 

development of Community Wildfire Protection Plans. In collaboration with university and governmental 

partners, FS R&D uses cutting-edge technology to develop new decision support tools. For example, in 

2008, the Wildland Fire Science Partnership coordinated the use of airborne laser telemetry and infrared 

imagery to evaluate surface fuels and fire behavior. 

Program Overview

The Wildland Fire and Fuels strategic program area provides the knowledge and tools needed to help 

reduce the negative impacts, and enhance the beneficial effects, of fire and fuels on society and the 

environment. The program has five major focus areas: understanding and modeling fundamental fire 

processes, interactions of fire with ecosystems and the environment, social and economic aspects of fire, 

evaluation of integrated management strategies and disturbance interactions at multiple scales, and 

application of fire research to address management problems. 

The information and tools developed through this program will assist managers and policy makers in 

making cost-effective and environmentally-sound fire management decisions that sustain and enhance 

resource values and minimize negative impacts. Tools, knowledge, and science from wildland fire and 

fuels research ensure that the best science is available to meet these management needs. 

Invasive Species R&D 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The request includes $36,058,000 for invasive species research, an increase in budget authority of 

$594,000 above FY 2009. Funds will support essential ongoing research to develop new knowledge and 

tools for priority invasive species such as the Sirex wood-wasp, emerald ash borer, hemlock woolly 

adelgid, oak wilt, sudden oak death, white pine blister rust, invasive plants, and aquatic species in the 

West. New knowledge and technology is needed to improve on-the-ground operations to prevent 

invasive species introduction and spread, monitor and control key invasive species, address the impacts of 

climate change and other disturbances, and restore impacted ecosystems. 

Research in FY 2010 will include development of molecular tools for the identification of key invasive

pathogens; the development of improved tools for the early detection of invasive bark beetles, emerald 

ash borer and other invasive species; and the identification, evaluation, and release of biological controls 

of invasive plants in the West and high priority invasive species in the East. Research will also address 

understanding and predicting the effects of climate, or disturbances such as fire, on the potential for 

invasive species to establish and spread through, western ecosystems. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service developed and delivered 180 tools used by customers. The program 

exceeded its annual target by 38 tools, because of an increased emphasis on invasive species, program 

consolidation, and partnership with universities, States, other agencies, and the private sector. The highly 

diverse tools included relieving the threat of zero tolerance from the European Union; development of 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

models that map areas of highest risk for new emerald 

ash borer invasions; identification of the fungus 

Raffaelea lauricola as the causal agent of laurel wilt, a 

new exotic, invasive tree disease that is devastating red 

bay and other laurel species in the South; identification of 

algacides that can be used to control sudden oak death 

(Phytophora ramorum) in waterways adjacent to infested 

nurseries in the West; and determination of the human 

role in the dispersal and spread of aquatic invasive 

species among nearby drainages. 

 Bark tolerance limits set for wood 

packaging

The shape and size of individual bark patches 

was found to affect insect colonization and 

development on treated wood packaging 

material (WPM). Based on these results a draft 

revision to ISPM-15 international standard for 

regulating WPM was released in June 2008 that 

specifies bark tolerance limits. The revised 

standard for bark tolerance limits should 

greatly reduce the spread of invasive insects by 

WPM. Program Overview

The Invasive Species strategic program area provides the scientific information, methods, and technology 

to reduce, minimize, or eliminate the introduction, establishment, spread, and impact of invasive species, 

and to restore ecosystems affected by invasives. This research focuses on plants, animals, fish, insects, 

diseases, invertebrates, and other species that are not native to the ecosystem under consideration and 

whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm. Customers use this 

Forest Service technology and knowledge to prevent, detect, and manage priority invasive species and 

restore/rehabilitate the function and diversity of impacted ecosystems. 

Recreation R&D 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The request includes $5,022,000 for recreation research, an increase of $82,000 above FY 2009. These 

funds will support research related to understanding and measuring recreation participation and behavior, 

including demographic trends, visitor experiences, and compatible uses. A priority will be research in 

support of the Chief’s theme of reconnecting people with nature, including the More Kids in the Woods 

initiative. Research efforts will focus on interactions between children and nature, links between outdoor 

activity and visitor health, restoration of recreation sites, visitor’s perceptions of safety, visitor 

communication, and impacts of wildfire on recreation activities. Findings from this research provide 

essential knowledge and information to managers to effectively maintain facilities and services associated 

with visitor activities, and provide for the health and safety of increasing numbers of visitors. 

Past Performance

FY 2008 culminated a multi-year interagency effort, 

led by FS R&D, to develop new and practical 

methods to monitor trends in wilderness character for 

National Wilderness Preservation System lands 

across four federal agencies. The resulting 

monitoring strategy provides a solid foundation to tie 

wilderness stewardship to the legislative direction of 

the Wilderness Act and agency policies to preserve 

wilderness character. Each agency is responsible for 

reporting by wilderness on a core set of four qualities 

and 13 indicators for wilderness character. This 

interagency monitoring strategy offers many tangible benefits to the agencies and the public, including 

improved accountability, improved decision-making and priority setting capability, generation of legacy 

information, and improving public trust and confidence in the agency’s stewardship of wilderness. 

Improving Livability of Urban Areas 

Eighty percent of Americans live in urban areas. 

The Urban Natural Resources Stewardship Growth 

Platform aims to improve information, 

infrastructure, economic opportunity, and 

technology transfer to connect people with their 

environment and reduce their impact on the 

landscape. 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-5
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview

The Outdoor Recreation strategic program area is directed at understanding and managing outdoor 

environments, activities, and experiences that connect people with the natural world. This research 

program develops the knowledge and tools to support informed recreation and wilderness management 

decisions that improve outdoor recreation opportunities for current and future generations while 

sustaining healthy ecosystems. 

Resource Management and Use 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The request includes $90,466,000 for Resource 

Management and Use research, an increase of 

$1,588,000 above FY 2009. The Resource 

Management and Use research addresses several of 

FS R&D’s growth platforms with focus on the 

Biofuels and Nanotechnology Platforms. Funds 

requested will support goals of creating new and 

innovative science and technology needed to advance 

the Nation’s wood fiber-based sectors such as 

biofuels and forest products. Research in the 

Resource Management and Use encompasses 

pioneering technological areas such as nanotechnology, forest biomass to energy including biomass 

feedstock, harvesting and conversions, new generations of high performance wood-based composites, and 

advanced performance-based wood structure design considering safety, functionality, environmental 

impact, and economics. These R&D activities contribute to expanding the market for forest products, 

forest biomass, and biofuels; mitigating global climate change; providing sustainable forest-based benefits 

to the American people; and addressing national infrastructure needs such as bridges, housing, 

commercial buildings, and energy security. 

Nanotechnology Growth Platform 

Wood-derived nanomaterials can generate new, 

high-value products such as stronger and lighter 

paper, more durable composites, and catalysts for 

producing liquid fuels from wood. The Forest 

Service’s 75-year history of research on the basic 

properties of wood and wood fiber makes 

nanotechnology a logical next horizon for 

innovation. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, in support of the Advanced Energy Initiative, FS R&D continued to strategically partner with 

the American Forest and Paper Association Agenda 2020 and the Biorefinery Deployment Collaborative 

(BDC). The mission of the Agenda 2020 and the BDC is to build private and public institutional 

readiness to participate in the U.S. bioeconomy with a focus on deployment of forest biorefinery/forest 

biomass to alternate energy technologies. Currently, Agenda 2020 consists of 22 industry members and 

partners, and 17 out of the 21 participating entities of the BDC are from the private sector. The FS R&D 

is also a participating agency in the Biomass R&D Initiative with active involvement in the feedstock, 

logistics, and conversions work groups of the Biomass R&D Board. Partnering with the National Forest 

System, FS R&D has also started the operation of a dual-purpose, pilot-scale biomass gasifier. The 

gasifier will be used for research by FS R&D and for demonstration by the National Forest System. 

Program Overview

The Resource Management and Use strategic program area provides the scientific and technological base 

to sustainably manage and use forest resources and forest fiber-based products. Focus areas include plant 

science, soil science, social science, silviculture, productivity, forest and range ecology and management, 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-6
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

forest harvesting and operations, forest and biomass products and utilization, economics, urban forestry, 

and climate change. 

Water, Air, and Soil R&D

FY 2010 Program Changes

The request includes $37,052,000 for water, air, and 

soil research, an increase of $610,000 above FY 2009. 

This funding will support research and development on 

how climate change, air pollution, water pollution, land 

uses, and extreme events affect forest and rangeland 

sustainability, and the benefits they provide to society. 

FS R&D will develop new tools to assess watershed 

condition and evaluate management and restoration 

techniques to understand fundamental processes 

affecting the water resource, continue work in forested 

landscapes, and increase efforts to develop a research 

program in agricultural, urban, and mixed land use watersheds. Funding will support the development of 

cause-effect studies, models, tools, and procedures for water and air multi-scale assessment and planning. 

Results will assist practitioners and managers in assessing the interacting effects of climate change, 

natural disturbance, and human land use on air, hydrology, and soils of forests and rangeland watersheds 

and riparian systems. 

Presidential Early Career Award for 

Scientists and Engineers 

Forest Service scientist, Wendell Haag, Ph.D 

recently received this highest honor for a young 

scientist or engineer in the United States. Haag’s 

cutting-edge research supports the development of 

effective conservation strategies for freshwater 

mussel populations in the Southern U.S. as well as 

the restoration and maintenance of freshwater 

mussel populations nationally. 

FS R&D will also work to improve the quantity and quality of water from forested watersheds by 

understanding the impacts of fire and other disturbances on forest ecosystems and providing guidance to 

reduce negative effects on streams and aquatic habitats. The Forest Service supports the research goals of 

the U.S. Climate Change Science Program with the specific objectives of defining climate change policy 

and best management practices for forests and ranges to sustain ecosystem health, and to optimize a wide 

range of ecosystem services (“adaptation”), while also increasing carbon sequestration (“mitigation”), 

under changing climate conditions. FS R&D is providing the basic understanding and decision-support 

tools to effectively address both climate changes to date and predicted future changes. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, FS R&D developed a Climate Change Resource Center (CCRC) website. This website is a 

new resource for land managers developing adaptation and mitigation strategies for climate change. The 

site offers educational information, including basic science modules that explain climate and climate 

impacts, as well as decision-support models, maps and simulations, and toolkits that address common 

Forest Service management and planning situations (see inset box). New knowledge was also gained 

from the Water Supply Stress Index (WaSSI), a new tool developed to evaluate water stress conditions 

over time in the 13 southeastern states. Predictions from two Global Circulation Models (CGCM1 and 

HadCM2SUL), one land use change model, and one human population change model were integrated to 

project future water supply stress in 2020. The integrated modeling tool is useful for water resources 

managers developing long-term water supply plans and policymakers considering appropriate actions to 

manage the multiple stresses of climate change, population growth, and economic development across the 

southeastern United States. 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-7
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview

The Water, Air, and Soil strategic program area informs the sustainable management of these essential 

resources by providing information on how to clean air and drinking water, protect lives and property 

from wildfire and smoke, and improve our ability to adapt to climate variability and change. The 

program area studies ecosystem services with a high level of integration between water, air, and soil 

research. It pays particular attention to the effects of climate variability and change on water budgets. 

Wildlife and Fish R&D 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The request includes $32,140,000 to support wildlife and fish research and development, an increase of 

$531,000 above FY 2009. These funds will be used to develop methods to maintain or restore habitat 

conditions conducive to the viability of wildlife populations at the landscape, watershed, and ecosystem 

scales. Research will be conducted to understand the effects of habitat change resulting from human 

activities, disruption of natural disturbance regimes, and global climate change on distributions, 

population status, genetic structure, and habitat quality of selected species and species assemblages. 

Species and types include, but are not limited to, Canadian lynx, fisher, wolverine, Mexican spotted owl, 

northern goshawk, forest carnivores, cavity nesting birds, and small mammals. The results of these 

studies will inform management options for restoring watersheds to conditions that will sustain 

populations of native vertebrate species.

In addition, funding will support improved knowledge of the population biology, habitat needs, and 

disturbance ecology of wildlife species, whether of key importance or having indicator value or of 

threatened/endangered status. Particular focus will be on responses of sensitive species, or their habitats, 

to disturbance agents such as fire, invasive animal species, and active land management practices. 

Outcomes of this work will include management alternatives, strategies, and decision support tools to 

assist land managers in conserving wildlife species of critical concern in disturbance-prone environments 

including climate change. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, a whole-landscape management strategy was developed for the recovery of northern spotted 

owl habitat in dry forests. Research was central in plotting the significant departure of northern spotted 

owl habitat recovery planning from a species-oriented reserve strategy to a whole-landscape restoration 

strategy. 

In addition, a FS R&D scientist co-edited a new book titled Noninvasive Survey Methods for Carnivores, 

which summarized methods used to detect, survey, and monitor North American mammalian carnivores. 

The book describes current methods for collecting information on distribution and abundance, while 

minimizing disturbances to the animals being studied. 

Program Overview

The Wildlife and Fish strategic program area relies upon interdisciplinary research to inform policy 

initiatives affecting wildlife and fish habitat on private and public lands and the recovery of threatened or 

endangered species. Scientists in this program area investigate the complex interactions among species, 

ecosystem dynamics and processes, land use and management, and emerging broad-scale threats, 

including global climate change, loss of open space, invasive species, and disease. 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Inventory and Monitoring R&D 

FY 2010 Program Changes

Inventory and Monitoring is comprised of Resource Data and Analysis and Forest Inventory and Analysis 

(FIA). This request includes $9,798,000 for Resource Data and Analysis, an increase of $167,000 above 

FY 2009, and $61,939,000 for FIA, an increase of $1,169,000 above FY 2009. 

Funds will support the Resource Data and Analysis 

program and continued FIA work in 47 states and the 

initiation of FIA work in Hawaii. FS R&D will provide 

more effective methods to evaluate and monitor trends of 

species, habitats, and ecological conditions at a variety of 

scales through time and as a result of disturbance. Specific 

examples include techniques for molecular and quantitative 

genetic assessments, air quality monitoring, wildlife 

habitats and populations, water quality, and global change 

effects. Inventory of forestland plots across all ownerships 

provides the basic data for statistical summaries of 

forestland extent and condition. 

This draft is part of a series of reports on 

contemporary forest issues that will 

illustrate changes to forests during the 

last five years. It will include new 

indicators that better reflect 

contemporary concerns and examples of 

recent applications using the Montreal 

Process criteria to foster sustainable 

forests. 

National Report on Sustainable 

Forests - 2010 

Information will be used in the assessment of carbon budgets and cycles, forest sustainability, forest 

health, climate change impacts, resource estimates for wood utilization, wildlife habitat conditions, and 

fire risk. 

Past Performance 

In FY 2008, FS R&D identified high-quality outcome measures to accurately monitor the performance 

and progress of the FIA program. These performance measures were integrated with FIA program costs to 

improve program efficiency and to allocate funding to the field research stations. The FIA program also 

exceeded its goal of having 90% of data (less than 2 years old) accessible on line: 

http://199.128.173.26/fido/index.html

Last year this program published Family Forest Owner of the United States, 2006, which is a 

comprehensive analysis of family forest owners in the United States, the first in over a decade. This 

information will be used by educators, service providers, and policy analysts to understand, communicate 

with, and influence the 10 million families and individuals who own 264 million acres (35 percent) of 

forest land in the United States. A website (http://fiatools.fs.fed.us/NWOS/tablemaker.jsp) allows users to 

create customized tables for their state and to explore correlations among variables. More detailed 

information about FIA past performance can be found in the FIA Annual Business Report at 

http://www.fia.fs.fed.us/library/bus-org-documents/default.asp. 

Program Overview

The Inventory and Monitoring strategic program area provides the resource data, analysis, and tools 

needed to identify current status and trends of forests, management options and impacts, and threats from 

fire, insects, disease, and other natural processes, enhancing the use and value of our Nation’s forests and 

grasslands. Assessing current and potential effects of climate change depends on the monitoring of forest 

ecosystems at greatest risk to rapid change. Focus areas include the development and use of integrated 

interdisciplinary science, technologies, and remote sensing to increase the timeliness and spatial 

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest and Rangeland Research 5-10

resolution of incidence of forest fragmentation, insect outbreaks, diseases, fires, and extreme weather 

events. 

Data from our monitoring efforts are used everyday to assess sustainability, to make important business 

decisions, to evaluate wildlife habitat, and for many other things. National, State, and local policy makers, 

universities, businesses, tribal governments, national forests and other natural resource agencies, interest 

groups, and many others depend on our data for timely, scientifically credible information about our 

forest. An important component of monitoring is gaining a clear understanding of what has happened in 

the past. Combining FIA data and disturbance maps from time-series Landsat imagery joins the statistical 

rigor of a field-based inventory with the spatial and temporal disturbance trends. The maps produced 

through North American Forest Dynamics Project (NAFD) methodologies offer the opportunity to 

communicate the timing, area, and intensity of fires, harvests, and other disturbances, which provides a 

clearer understanding of forest dynamics over the last several decades. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Appropriation State and Private Forestry 

The Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 President’s Budget proposes $306,111,000 for programs under the State and 

Private Forestry appropriation, an increase in budget authority of $40,250,000 from FY 2009. 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

State & Private Forestry

Annual Appropriations $262,808 $265,861 $2,398 $37,852 $306,111 14%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

State & Private Forestry Total $262,808 $265,861 $2,398 $37,852 $306,111 14%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 558 558 563

Supplemental & Emergency Funding FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 558 558 563

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $54,110 $54,110 $1,172 $0 $55,282 0%

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $44,542 $46,292 $230 -$699 $45,823 -2%

State Fire Assistance $32,605 $35,000 $147 $0 $35,147 0%

Volunteer Fire Assistance $5,906 $6,000 $0 $1,000 $7,000 17%

Forest Stewardship Program $29,532 $27,000 $240 $1,129 $28,369 4%

Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $49,445 $170 $41,445 $91,060 84%

Urban & Community Forestry $27,691 $29,541 $336 -$550 $29,327 -2%

Economic Action Programs $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 $0 -100%

Forest Resources Information & Analysis $4,516 $5,000 $35 $0 $5,035 0%

International Forestry $7,383 $8,500 $68 $500 $9,068 6%

State and Private Forestry Programs

State and Private Forestry (S&PF) provides technical and financial assistance to landowners and resource 

managers to help sustain the Nation’s urban and rural forests, and to protect communities and the 

environment from wildland fires, insects, disease, and invasive plants. Through a coordinated effort in 

management, protection, conservation education, and resource use, State and Private Forestry programs 

help facilitate sound stewardship across lands of all ownerships on a landscape scale, while maintaining 

the flexibility for individual forest landowners to pursue their objectives. S&PF programs play a key role, 

along with the National Forest System, Forest and Rangeland Research, and the Department of the 

Interior, in implementing the National Fire Plan to manage the impacts of wildland fires on communities 

and the environment. Funds in the State and Private Forestry appropriation also provide funding for the 

International Forestry program. 

Presidential Initiative for Conserving New Lands 

In FY 2010, the President’s Budget includes a $34,000,000 increase through the Land and Water 

Conservation Fund for the Presidential Initiative to Conserve New Lands. The Forest Legacy Program 

(FLP) will manage this initiative, acquiring easements on forested lands under significant development 

pressures. Acquiring conservation easements will ensure threatened forests continue to provide timber 

and other forest commodities, fish and wildlife habitat, watershed functions, aesthetic qualities, historical 

and cultural resources, and recreational opportunities. The budget increase provides for an additional 17 

FLP projects that meet one or more of the criteria for this Presidential Initiative. 

State and Private Forestry 6-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Redesigning State and Private Forestry

During FY 2010, the State and Private Forestry Redesign effort will be in its third year implementing a 

progressive strategy for conserving our nation’s forest resources. The State Assessments are an integral 

part of the S&PF Redesign and are required in the 

Forestry Title of the 2008 Farm Bill. To receive 

Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act funds the Farm 

Bill requires that all States complete their assessments 

within two years of enactment of the law (June, 2010). 

In FY 2010, at least 15 percent of available funds in 

the Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands, 

State Fire Assistance, Forest Stewardship, and Urban 

and Community Forestry programs will be allocated 

through the redesign’s competitive process. These 

competitive allocations focus investments on three 

themes: conserve working forest landscapes, protect 

forests from harm, and enhance public benefits associated with trees and forests. National and state 

assessment tools developed as part of the redesign are at or near completion and will help identify 

conditions and issues requiring S&PF resources, further refining competitive allocations. In FY 2010, the 

redesign will continue to advance the Forest Service’s mission to sustain the Nation’s forests and 

grasslands by targeting funding to solve the most important problems in the most at risk ecosystems. 

Great Plains Tree & Forests Invasives 

Initiative 

This initiative is one pilot project being used to 

test the State and Private Forestry Redesign 

performance indicators. Through the federal, 

local and multi-State collaborative venture, 

partners will gather data on the Emerald Ash 

Borer to prepare Kansas, Nebraska, North 

Dakota, and South Dakota to address the problem 

when it is found in the plains. 

State and Private Forestry 6-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Forest Health Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Health Management

Annual Appropriations $98,652 $100,402 $1,402 -$699 $101,105 -1%

Forest Health Management Total $98,652 $100,402 $1,402 -$699 $101,105 -1%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 343 344 344

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 343 344 344

Forest Health Management

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $54,110 $54,110 $1,172 $0 $55,282 0%

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $44,542 $46,292 $230 -$699 $45,823 -2%

Overview and Allocation 

The Forest Health Management (FHM) program maintains healthy, productive forest ecosystems by 

preventing, detecting, and suppressing damaging insects, diseases, and invasive plants, and monitoring 

forest health trends across all types of land ownership. Allocations are based upon level of risk as defined 

in the National Insect and Disease Risk Map (NIDRM) and other factors that consider cost-effectiveness, 

probability of successfully implementing a treatment, and ability to conduct necessary environmental 

compliance. 

NIDRM identifies acres at risk from more than 50 different pest agents and highlights acres where 

mortality exceeds 25 percent (predicted over the next 15 years) from these agents. The risk map 

identified, in descending order of impact, the following pests: mountain pine beetle (highest), oak 

decline, southern pine beetle, root diseases, and gypsy moth. The allocations proposed in the FY 2010 

Budget focus on treatments for mountain pine beetle and southern pine beetle, which directly reduce 

present and future beetle levels by either suppression or prevention techniques. Gypsy moth (fifth on the 

risk list) is funded for eradication, suppression, and prevention (the slow-the-spread (STS) program), to 

prevent new infestations. STS is a highly effective, scientifically-based program that reduces the rate of 

spread into non-infested areas by 50 percent. 

In FY 2010, the Forest Service will consider developing new methods for allocating funding based upon 

integrated risk of mortality and other factors. 

Climate Change 

To assist in future evaluation of the effects of climate change, field units will begin documenting the 

occurrence of damage caused by forest insects, tree diseases, and invasive plants outside their expected 

geographic range; changes in the population dynamics of host preferences of pests; and other changes in 

pest activity caused by climatic conditions. In addition, monitoring the effects of climate change will be a 

new focus area for the forest health monitoring program. 

State and Private Forestry 6-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Budget Line Items

The program has four budget line items, two in the State and Private Forestry appropriation, for Federal 

Lands and Cooperative Lands, and two in the Wildland Fire Management appropriation, for Federal 

Lands and Cooperative Lands, both related to the National Fire Plan. The portions related to the National 

Fire Plan are detailed in the Wildland Fire Management section. 

Forest Health Management-Federal Lands: FHM activities on Federal lands are carried out in 

cooperation with the National Forest System, other Federal agencies that manage forest lands, and tribal 

governments. These activities optimize efficiency in executing a coordinated Federal program to detect, 

monitor, evaluate, prevent, and suppress insects and disease, and restore Federal forestlands. 

Forest Health Management-Cooperative Lands: FHM activities on cooperative lands are carried out in 

cooperation with States and territories. These activities optimize efficiency in executing a coordinated 

program to restore forestlands damaged by insects, disease, and invasive plants on lands owned by States, 

local governments, private organizations, and individual land owners. 

The following chart is based on current information about insect outbreaks. The actual distribution will 

change once survey information is collected. Other factors could change the allocation such as a suitable 

NEPA or contractor availability. 

Selected Insects, Diseases, and Invasive Plants 

Program Discretionary Appropriations Funding by Fiscal Year (thousands) 

R&D (Forest and Rangeland Research Appropriation) 

S&PF (State and Private Forestry and Wildland Fire 

Management Appropriations) 

FY 2008 

Enacted 

FY 2009 

Enacted 

FY 2010 

Pres Bud 

Asian Longhorn Beetle (Total) $347 $347 $347

 R&D $147 $147 $147

 S&PF $200 $200 $200

Emerald Ash Borer (Total) $2,412 $3,923 $2,923

 R&D $1,417 $1,428 $1,428

 S&PF $995 $2,495 $1,495

Gypsy Moth (Total) $15,712 $16,719 $15,719

 R&D $1,627 $1,624 $1,624

 S&PF $14,085 $15,095 $14,095

 Slow-the-spread $8,613 $8,095 $8,095

 Suppression $5,000 $6,900 $5,900

 Eradication $472 $100 $100

Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Total) $4,494 $4,423 $4,423

 R&D $1,994 $1,923 $1,923 

 S&PF $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 

Invasive Plants (Total) $8,492 $7,306 $7,431 

 R&D $3,992 $3,306 $3,431 

 S&PF $4,500 $4,000 $4,000 

Oak Wilt (Total) $719 $725 $ 725

 R&D $119 $125 $125 

State and Private Forestry 6-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Selected Insects, Diseases, and Invasive Plants 

Program Discretionary Appropriations Funding by Fiscal Year (thousands) 

R&D (Forest and Rangeland Research Appropriation) 

S&PF (State and Private Forestry and Wildland Fire 

Management Appropriations) 

FY 2008 

Enacted 

FY 2009 

Enacted 

FY 2010 

Pres Bud 

 S&PF $600 $600 $600 

Port Orford Cedar Root Disease S&PF $186 $189 $189 

Sirex Woodwasp (Total) $732 $479 $479 

 R&D $232 $229 $229 

 S&PF $500 $250 $250 

Southern Pine Beetle (Total) $11,111 $10,446 $10,446 

 R&D $2,080 $2,046 $2,046 

 S&PF $9,031 $8,400 $8,400 

Subterranean Termites R&D $900 $886 $886 

Sudden Oak Death (Total) $3,856 $4,152 $4,046 

 R&D $2,756 $2,552 $2,446 

 S&PF $1,100 $1,600 $1,600 

Western Bark Beetles (Total) $10,895 $13,191 $9,102 

 R&D $1,463 $1,507 $1,418 

 S&PF $9,432 $11,684 $7,684 

Whitebark Pine Pests S&PF $200 $150 $150 

White Pine Blister Rust (Total) $1,318 $1,125 $1,150 

 R&D $718 $575 $600 

 S&PF $600 $550 $550 

 

Sub-Totals 

 R&D $17,445 $16,348 $16,303 

 S&PF $43,929 $47,713 $41,713 

TOTAL $61,374 $64,061 $58,016

State and Private Forestry 6-5
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Forest Health Management 

 Federal Lands 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Annual Appropriations $54,110 $54,110 $1,172 $0 $55,282 0%

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands Total $54,110 $54,110 $1,172 $0 $55,282 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 303 304 304

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 303 304 304

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Federal acres treated - Invasives 111,600 60,029 148,815 154,169 170,814 200,104 29,290

Federal acres treated - Native pests 26,846 49,136 35,722 27,156 36,552 37,079 527

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $55,282,000 for Forest Health Management-Federal Lands, an 

increase in budget authority of $1,172,000 from FY 2009 for pay and other cost changes. Funds will be 

used to conduct forest insect and disease surveys to provide technical assistance; to conduct forest insect 

and disease prevention, suppression, restoration, and eradication projects; and to monitor forest health on 

all Federal lands including those of the Departments of Defense and the Interior. Funding is provided to 

highest priority activities that can demonstrate performance in a transparent manner.

The request includes funding to meet the highest priority prevention and suppression needs of southern 

pine beetle, western bark beetles, hemlock woolly adelgid, slowing the spread of the gypsy moth, and 

eradication of new gypsy moth outbreaks on forest and grasslands managed by the Forest Service, other 

Federal agencies, and tribal governments. The request continues funding for the Eastern Forest 

Environmental Threat Assessment Center to provide information on how multiple threats interact with 

pests, focusing on the effects of climate change. Funding for the Western Wildland Environmental Threat 

Assessment Center is included in the request for the National Fire Plan Forest Health ManagementFederal Lands program within the Wildland Fire Management appropriation. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service treated native pest species on 27,156 acres and non-native invasive species 

on 154,169 acres. Priority treatment areas for native pests, such as the southern pine beetle and western 

bark beetle, were high priority large-scale watersheds. For invasive pests priority treatments focused on 

slowing the advancing front of the gypsy moth infestation from North Carolina to Wisconsin. The 

program also continued to protect critical forest ecosystems from non-native insects and diseases, such as 

Port Orford-cedar root disease, white pine blister rust, and hemlock woolly adelgid. Moreover, the 

program addressed the threats of new non-native invasive pests such as the emerald ash borer, Sirex wood 

wasp, and sudden oak death. 

Targets are based on the previous year’s unit costs, current year funding, and the risk to forests. The 

program allocates based on pests posing the greatest risks, e.g. mountain pine beetle, southern pine beetle, 

State and Private Forestry 6-6
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

and gypsy moth. Accomplishments reflect changes in pest conditions, treatment methods, and unit costs. 

In FY 2008, the agency overestimated the native pests target primarily due to the selection of a suite of 

treatments methods for the western bark beetle and southern pine beetle having unit costs that were higher 

than what was estimated. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Health Management – Federal Lands program monitors and assesses both short-term and longterm forest health conditions across the Nation. Funds support three primary purposes: to conduct pest 

surveys and provide technical assistance; to conduct prevention, suppression, restoration, and eradication 

projects; and to monitor the health of the Nation’s forests. These investments provide for detection, 

monitoring, evaluation, prevention, and suppression of forest insects and diseases on forest and 

rangelands managed by the Forest Service, other Federal agencies, and tribal governments. For invasive 

plants, the Forest Health Management program primarily provides technical assistance to Federal land 

managers. 

Identifying prioritized areas reduces the potential for new outbreaks. Treatments protect priority areas 

from damaging insects and disease, reduce the risks of mortality from wildland fire, and prevent future 

outbreaks by increasing the resilience of treated areas. 

Allocation and Integration 

Annual priorities for mitigating the risk of 

future outbreaks are based, in large part, on the 

findings from NIDRM and goals of the Healthy 

Forests Initiative and the Healthy Forests 

Restoration Act. Prevention and suppression 

programs for major pests such as the gypsy 

moth, western pine beetle, and southern pine 

beetle are directly related to the significance of 

these pests, areas at risk, and the availability of 

cost-effective treatment technologies. Some forest health pests (southern pine beetle) are better able to 

be mitigated through management than others, such as beech bark disease. The Forest Service is working 

to align more closely identified risk with allocation. 

The National Insect and Disease Risk Map (NIDRM)

The NIDRM displays the estimated 58 million acres in the 

U.S. that are at risk of forest mortality, from 44 native and 

14 non-native forest pest species including mountain pine 

beetle, beech bark disease, and southern pine beetle. 

http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/nidrm.shtml 

Some of the techniques used to determine the most optimal areas for treatment include overlaying 

national map layers using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for insect and disease, fire, watershed 

condition, and wildland-urban interface. The spatial placement and sequencing of treatments on National 

Forest System lands are planned and coordinated with other Forest Service vegetation management 

program areas, such as hazardous fuels reduction and forest management. This coordination optimizes 

on-the-ground accomplishments and improves the overall health of forest lands across the landscape. 

Partnerships 

This program funds the detection, evaluation, and suppression of forest insect and disease pests on lands 

managed by all other Federal agencies and tribal governments. Where proposed treatment locations are 

adjacent to other Federal lands or non-Federal lands, treatment scheduling is coordinated with non-NFS 

partners to optimize improvements to forest health across landownership boundaries. 

State and Private Forestry 6-7
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Forest Health Management 

Cooperative Lands 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Annual Appropriations $44,542 $46,292 $230 -$699 $45,823 -2%

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands Total $44,542 $46,292 $230 -$699 $45,823 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 40 40 40

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 40 40 40

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Cooperative lands acres treated - 

Invasives 589,298 580,629 610,966 859,039 829,711 824,071 -5,640

Cooperative lands acres treated - 

Native pests 134,346 152,440 105,720 121,324 84,100 89,330 5,230

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $45,823,000 for Forest Health Management–Cooperative 

Lands, a decrease in budget authority of $469,000 from FY 2009. Funds are used to provide technical 

and financial assistance to State forestry agencies and State Departments of Agriculture to conduct forest 

insect and disease surveys, to provide technical assistance; to conduct forest insect and disease 

prevention, suppression, restoration, and eradication projects; and to monitor forest health on State and 

private lands. Funding is provided to highest priority activities that can demonstrate performance in a 

transparent manner. 

The program will fund the highest priority prevention and suppression needs of southern pine beetle, 

hemlock woolly adelgid, oak wilt, and slowing the spread of the gypsy moth and eradication of new 

outbreaks on non-Federal lands. The request redirects funding from gypsy moth suppression to early 

detection, evaluation, and monitoring of nationwide threats to forest ecosystems from new invasive 

species, such as the Sirex woodwasp and emerald ash borer. The request includes funding to continue the 

use of Early Detection and Rapid Response efforts to find invasive insects and diseases early, thereby 

reducing future expenditures of resources for these pests. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service treated native pest species on 121,324 acres and non-native invasive 

species on 859,039 acres of State and private lands. Priority treatment areas for native pests such as the 

southern pine beetle and western bark beetle focused on highest priority large-scale watersheds. Priority 

treatments for non-native invasive pests focused on the advancing front of gypsy moth on State and 

private lands from North Carolina to Wisconsin. The program continued to protect critical forest 

ecosystems from non-native insects and diseases, such as Port Orford-cedar root disease, white pine 

blister rust, the hemlock woolly adelgid, and invasive plants. The program also continued to mitigate the 

threats of new invasive pests such as the emerald ash borer, Sirex woodwasp, and sudden oak death. 

State and Private Forestry 6-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Targets are based on the previous year’s unit costs, current year funding, and the risk to forests. The 

program allocates based on pests posing the greatest risks, e.g. mountain pine beetle, southern pine beetle, 

and gypsy moth. Accomplishments are reflective of changes in pest conditions, treatment methods, and 

unit costs. In FY 2008, the agency exceeded the invasive species target primarily due to increased costshare contributions by States, resulting in additional acres treated. The agency exceeded the target for 

native species due to lower than expected southern pine beetle and western bark beetle prevention and 

suppression treatment costs and increased opportunities to implement treatments in partnership with State 

forestry agencies. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Health Management – Cooperative Lands program provides technical and financial assistance 

to States and territories to monitor, assess, and mitigate forest health conditions on non-Federal lands 

across the nation. Treatments protect priority acres from damaging insects, diseases, and invasive 

plants; reduce the risks of mortality from wildland fire; protect highly valued sites; and prevent future 

outbreaks by increasing the resilience of the vegetation in treated areas. Funds support three primary 

purposes: to conduct pest surveys and provide technical assistance; to conduct prevention, suppression, 

restoration, and eradication projects; and to monitor the health of the Nation’s forests. 

The Forest Service is working with several States to develop risk maps suitable for forest health 

specialists and resource managers to use as a landowner education tool and for assistance in selection of 

insect and disease project locations. Treatment placements are local priorities including high-value 

timber stands, wildland-urban interface areas, municipal water supply areas, outdoor recreational sites, 

and administrative sites. 

Allocation and Integration 

Annual priorities for mitigating the risk of future outbreaks are based, in large part, on the findings from 

NIDRM and goals of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act. Some pests, such as southern pine beetle, are 

more easily mitigated through management compared to others, such as oak decline. The Forest Service 

is working to align more closely identified risk with allocation. 

The program works with the Forest Health Management-Federal Lands program to identify priority lands 

and manage forest insects and diseases across the landscape. Prevention and suppression costs are shared 

with States and other non-Federal partners on a 1:1 basis. 

Partnerships 

This program provides technical and financial assistance to State forestry agencies and territories to 

detect, evaluate, and suppress forest insects, diseases, and 

invasive plant pests on non-Federal lands. When proposed 

treatment locations are adjacent to National Forest System 

lands or other Federal lands, treatment scheduling is 

coordinated to optimize improvements to forest health 

across landownership boundaries. Partnerships leverage 

Federal financial assistance with non-Federal resources to 

implement programs and projects that protect forest 

resources and improve the health of the Nation’s forests. 

Program activities are also coordinated closely with the 

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and State Departments of Agriculture to detect and monitor 

“Slow the Spread” 

In 2008, the State-Federal gypsy moth 

program treated over 411,000 acres (290,000 

acres treated on Cooperative lands) to slow 

the pest’s spread south and west along a band 

from North Carolina to Minnesota. 

State and Private Forestry 6-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

introductions of new invasive species such as the emerald ash borer, Asian long-horned beetle, and 

sudden oak death. 

State and Private Forestry 6-10
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Fire Protection 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Cooperative Fire Protection

Annual Appropriations $38,511 $41,000 $147 $1,000 $42,147 2%

Cooperative Fire Protection Total $38,511 $41,000 $147 $1,000 $42,147 2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 49 49 49

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 49 49 49

Cooperative Fire Protection

State Fire Assistance $32,605 $35,000 $147 $0 $35,147 0%

Volunteer Fire Assistance $5,906 $6,000 $0 $1,000 $7,000 17%

Cooperative Fire Protection provides technical and financial assistance to States and local fire agencies to 

promote efficient wildland fire protection on Federal, State, and private lands. Program activities are 

focused on mitigating hazards, reducing wildland fire risk to homes in the wildland-urban interface 

(WUI), and reducing Federal wildland fire suppression costs. Cooperative Fire Protection consists of two 

activities: State Fire Assistance and Volunteer Fire Assistance. See the following pages for a detailed 

description of these programs. 

Climate Change 

The changing climate is affecting wildland fire in America’s forests. Climate models project continued 

warming in the US due to anticipated increases in greenhouse gases. Changes in precipitation and 

humidity, temperature (including means and extremes), and intensity and frequency of extreme weather 

events have resulted in dramatic changes in wildland fire intensity and number of acres burned in recent 

years. Increases in probabilities of ignition and rates of spread hinder fire suppression efforts, placing 

firefighters and the public at greater risk and increasing the cost of suppression dramatically. 

Therefore, fire prevention education programs, building capacity to provide effective initial attack, and 

hazardous fuel reduction projects are an imperative and integral part of the overall Wildland Fire 

Management Program. 

 

State and Private Forestry 6-11
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Fire Protection

 State Fire Assistance 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

State Fire Assistance

Annual Appropriations $32,605 $35,000 $147 $0 $35,147 0%

State Fire Assistance Total $32,605 $35,000 $147 $0 $35,147 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 49 49 49

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 49 49 49

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

State Fire Assistance

Communities assisted (number) 4,290 16,658 5,455 11,569 5,244 5,163 -81

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $35,147,000 for State Fire Assistance (SFA), an increase of 

$147,000 over the FY 2009 budget. These funds are matched and will be used to assist 5,163 

communities with training, planning, hazardous fuel treatments and the purchase and maintenance of 

equipment. Enhancing State and local fire protection organizations’ capacity to be effective first 

responders in wildland fire initial attack operations is critical to reducing the risk of large, costly, 

catastrophic wildfires. 

Projects are planned, completed and entered into the performance database by each State and are not 

under the direct control of the Forest Service. To help ensure focus on the highest priority projects, the 

agency issues program direction encouraging the States to focus the funds on areas covered by 

Community Wildfire Protection Plans (CWPP) or other collaboratively developed hazard mitigation 

plans. Depending on the State’s priorities and fluctuations in fire danger the number of projects and 

communities assisted may vary significantly from year to year. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, SFA funding assisted 11,569 communities through funding for a variety of different 

activities. For example, training was completed for nearly 16,000 firefighters. Nearly 6,700 prevention 

and education programs were conducted, benefiting over 5,000 communities. Approximately $2.6 

million was invested in the purchase, maintenance and rehabilitation of needed firefighting equipment. 

Additionally, assistance was provided to nearly 2,500 communities in the form of risk assessments, fire 

prevention programs, fire management planning, and hazardous fuel mitigation projects. These 

accomplishments are significantly higher than originally projected, partially due to higher enacted 

funding levels than originally projected. Additionally, in 2008 there was a one-time supplemental 

appropriation enacted that allowed thousands of additional communities to complete hazardous fuels 

reduction projects. Actual accomplishment figures do fluctuate from year to year depending on the types 

and cost of individual projects the States choose to implement. For example, if some States’ priority 

projects are relatively expensive then they will accomplish fewer projects and, therefore, assist fewer 

State and Private Forestry 6-12
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

overall communities. However, if the States spread the funds across a larger number of communities to 

accomplish priority projects that are less expensive, then the total number of communities assisted will be 

larger. The Forest Service strongly encourages the States to focus their efforts on high priority projects 

and demonstrate their performance in a transparent manner. 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The SFA program provides matching financial 

assistance through partnership agreements to State 

Foresters for all fire management activities including 

preparedness activities, planning, training, hazardous 

fuel treatments, and the purchase and maintenance of 

equipment. Funding enables State and local fire 

protection organizations to be effective first 

responders for initial attack on wildland fires and to 

respond effectively to all types of disasters. These 

funds also support the Smokey Bear prevention 

program. The Forest Service is now also tracking the number of “Communities at Risk”. State Foresters 

report to the Forest Service the number of communities in which their efforts have reduced risk. After 

negotiation with the State Foresters, “Communities Assisted” was determined to be the best measure for 

SFA given the variety of programs needs and uses. 

Supporting Community Wildfire Protection 

Plans

The Forest Service co-sponsored a Collaboration 

Workshop in 2008 and the development of the 

“Community Guide to Preparing and Implementing 

a CWPP”. The guide provides tools and direction 

for homeowners, community leaders, and agencies 

to be successful in developing and monitoring 

CWPPs. 

Allocation and Integration 

Following the advent of the National Fire Plan, the SFA program activities are funded through two 

different budget line items, one as part of State and Private Forestry and the other as part of Wildland Fire 

Management, Fire Operations - Other. A base level of funding is distributed to the State Foresters in 

order for all States to maintain and enhance coordination and communication with Federal agencies, as 

well as supply needed performance data. Remaining funds are allocated to each State using acres of nonFederal land, population, and level of fire protection required. Program funding is used for critical 

preparedness needs including firefighter safety, enhanced initial attack capability, and training. State 

Foresters make determinations about how to target funding to the highest priority needs identified in their 

State. 

Partnerships 

State Fire Assistance delivers its program through partnerships with States, local agencies, local 

communities, and other organizations such as Fire Safe Councils, in coordinating wildland fire 

suppression and response to other types of natural disasters.

State and Private Forestry 6-13
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Fire Protection 

 Volunteer Fire Assistance

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Volunteer Fire Assistance

Annual Appropriations $5,906 $6,000 $0 $1,000 $7,000 17%

Volunteer Fire Assistance Total $5,906 $6,000 $0 $1,000 $7,000 17%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Volunteer Fire Assistance

Volunteer fire departments assisted 

(number) 3,062 10,157 3,500 5,591 2,930 2,734 -196

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $7,000,000 for Volunteer Fire Assistance (VFA), an increase 

of $1,000,000 from the FY 2009 Budget. These funds are matched and are planned to provide financial 

assistance to 2,734 volunteer fire departments in rural communities with populations of less than 10,000 

people. The actual number of volunteer fire departments assisted and the type of work that is 

accomplished depends on project selection, which is decided by each State. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service provided VFA funding to 5,591 communities. Funding helped with the 

training of over 10,000 firefighters; the organization or expansion of over 100 fire departments; and the 

purchase, rehabilitation, and maintenance of over $4 million dollars of equipment. 

In FY 2008, an adjustment was made in accomplishment reporting which accounts for some of the 

increase in accomplishment. The definition of “assistance” was changed to include volunteer fire 

departments that expanded and increased response areas, rather than just newly organized fire 

departments. This change increased the number of fire departments organized or expanded, as well as the 

number of communities assisted, which more accurately reflects the accomplishment achieved with VFA 

funding. Actual accomplishment figures will fluctuate from year to year depending on the types and cost 

of individual projects the States choose to implement. For example, if some States’ priority projects are 

relatively expensive then they will accomplish fewer projects and, therefore, assist fewer overall 

communities. However, if the States spread the funds across a larger number of communities to 

accomplish priority projects that are less expensive, then the total number of communities assisted will be 

larger. The Forest Service strongly encourages the States to focus their efforts on high priority projects 

and demonstrate their performance in a transparent manner. 

State and Private Forestry 6-14
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

Through the VFA program, the Forest Service provides technical and financial assistance to local 

communities - through the States - to protect State and private forestlands threatened by wildfire. VFA is 

for communities with populations of less than 10,000 individuals. The assistance and funding provides for 

training, development, organization, and equipment. Local fire agencies are the first line of defense for 

the initial attack on wildland fires, and therefore play a key role in meeting expanded fire protection needs 

within the WUI. Through this program the Forest Service provides support to respond to natural and 

human-caused disasters in rural America. 

Allocation and Integration 

Since the advent of the National Fire Plan, the VFA program activities are funded through two different 

budget line items, State and Private Forestry and Wildland Fire Management, Fire Operations - Other. 

The program allocates funding based on acres of forestland to be protected and the number of fire 

departments serving communities with populations under 10,000 in each State. This formula provides a 

fixed percentage of funds to the regions, the Northeastern Area, and the International Institute of Tropical 

Forestry. 

Partnerships 

The VFA program directly supports local fire suppression initial attack efforts by providing technical 

assistance grants for training and fire department development. The program provides equipment for 

wildland fire suppression to rural volunteer fire departments serving communities with populations of less 

than 10,000. 

State and Private Forestry 6-15
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Cooperative Forestry 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Cooperative Forestry

Annual Appropriations $118,262 $115,959 $781 $37,051 $153,791 32%

Cooperative Forestry Total $118,262 $115,959 $781 $37,051 $153,791 32%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 141 140 140

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 141 140 140

Cooperative Forestry

Forest Stewardship Program $29,532 $27,000 $240 $1,129 $28,369 4%

Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $49,445 $170 $41,445 $91,060 84%

Urban & Community Forestry $27,691 $29,541 $336 -$550 $29,327 -2%

Economic Action Programs $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 $0 -100%

Forest Resources Information & Analysis $4,516 $5,000 $35 $0 $5,035 0%

Cooperative Forestry promotes working in partnership with States, tribal governments, communities, and 

private landowners to improve management, protection, and use of forest-based goods and services while 

building civic capacity to achieve long-term goals for sustainable development. 

The Cooperative Forestry programs are Forest Stewardship, Forest Legacy Program, Urban and 

Community Forestry, Economic Action Program, and Forest Research Information and Analysis. See 

descriptions of these programs on the following pages. 

State and Private Forestry 6-16
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Forestry 

 Forest Stewardship Program 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Stewardship Program

Annual Appropriations $29,532 $27,000 $240 $1,129 $28,369 4%

Forest Stewardship Program Total $29,532 $27,000 $240 $1,129 $28,369 4%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 66 66 66

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 66 66 66

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Stewardship Program

Percentage of nonindustrial private 

forest acres in important forest 

resource areas being managed 

sustainably, as defined by a current 

Forest Stewardship Plan N/A 0.5% 10.0% 1.8% 10.0% 10.0% 0.0%

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $28,369,000 for Forest Stewardship, an increase of $1,369,000 

from FY 2009 for program and other cost changes. The Forest Stewardship Program’s reach and impact 

will be significantly enhanced by progress with Statewide Assessments and Resource Strategies, 

implementation of the 2008 Farm Bill, better coordination with program delivery partners, landowner 

peer to peer networks, and information technology advances: 

 Expanding upon the Forest Stewardship Spatial Analysis Project (SAP) Statewide Assessments 

and Resource Strategies will: 

o Enable States to focus and coordinate program delivery to produce cumulative, 

landscape-scale, measurable impacts, with multi-landowner, multi-partner planning and 

technical assistance efforts. 

o Identify and address opportunities resulting from emerging ecosystem service and 

biomass energy markets, and focus program assistance to conserve a “green 

infrastructure” of interconnected, viable forested landscape areas. 

 Demand for Forest Stewardship planning assistance will increase significantly because the 2008 

Farm Bill expanded eligibility for many USDA conservation programs to include private forest 

landowners. 

 The Forest Service will continue to work with Natural Resources Conservation Service, the 

American Forest Foundation, and other partners to coordinate and integrate planning assistance to 

make the most effective use of available program resources and better address diverse landowner 

needs. 

 Program reach will be extended by peer-to-peer landowner networks within landscape focus areas 

resulting in the long-term management of significant landscapes (as opposed to individual 

properties) – such as priority watersheds – and the conservation of strategically located and 

connected open spaces. 

State and Private Forestry 6-17
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Through the use of a web-based management plan-writing and accomplishment tracking tool, the 

program’s impact will be graphically displayed to inform strategic planning and promote placebased partnerships. 

Past Performance

Within high priority areas, approximately 1.8 percent of the non-industrial private forest land was 

managed according to current Forest Stewardship plans. This percentage of high priority areas managed 

using Forest Stewardship plans is equal to 5.6 million acres. Forest Stewardship Plans have been 

confirmed as sustainably managing land through a statistically reliable field monitoring program. The 

high priority areas were delineated through the program’s GIS-based Spatial Analysis Project. 

Nationwide, nearly 19 million acres of non-industrial private forest lands were managed according to 

current Forest Stewardship plans. The program is expected to increase significantly within these 

important forest landscape areas, as State partners continue to reorganize and focus their resources as 

required by the 2008 Farm Bill and the Forest Service’s Open Space Conservation Strategy. 

Performance was significantly lower than planned for three main reasons. First, this is a new measure. 

When targets were set there was no historic or baseline information upon which to base them. Second, 

State agencies must move resources and adapt programs to target newly established landscape focus 

areas. In many cases these involve a completely different and much more diverse landowner 

demographic. Finally, many states need to further refine their landscape assessments so that priority areas 

are better defined (and cover less ground). As required by the 2008 Farm Bill, the Forest Service is 

working with states to improve assessment methods and data standards. With time, state partners are 

expected to further focus technical assistance efforts to impact their highest priority landscape areas. 

Climate Change 

Forest Stewardship Management Plans will include management regimes to maintain and enhance forest 

carbon sequestering and cycling capacity. All Forest Stewardship plans will consider the possible near 

and long term impacts of climate change, including increased fire risk, invasive species migration and 

species range and habitat shifts. Where appropriate and feasible, management plans will include actions 

to mitigate adverse impacts and define a more dynamic desired future forest function. The National Seed 

Lab will continue to focus on the long-term storage of seed from native plants that are threatened by 

invasive weeds, insects, diseases, human activity, and climate change, through its memorandum of 

understanding with the Agricultural Research Service. The Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic 

Resources (RNGR) Team will continue to identify and address existing and emerging gene conservation 

and forest ecosystem restoration priorities.

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Stewardship Program helps sustain our Nation’s critical private forest landscapes by working 

through States to provide forest landowners with technical assistance, long-term technical and planning 

assistance, and access to a variety of incentive and educational programs. Forest Stewardship 

management plans provide landowners with practical guidance for achieving their own unique objectives 

in a way that also maximizes public goods and services provided by forests, such as clean drinking water, 

clean air, carbon sequestration, wood fiber, recreation, and scenic landscapes. Forest Stewardship 

management plans are increasingly required to access landowner incentive and marketing programs such 

as USDA cost-share programs, state tax abatement programs, and forest certification programs. 

State and Private Forestry 6-18
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Allocation and Integration 

Program funding is allocated to Forest Service regions 

and the Northeastern Area based on statewide 

comprehensive program potential, priority forest 

resource areas, and cumulative program impact. 

Statewide comprehensive program potential is based on 

the number of non-industrial private forestland (NIPF) 

owners and the number of NIPF acres. Technical and 

planning assistance is targeted to strategically important 

forest resource areas, on a landscape scale, maximizing 

Federal investment. These areas are identified using 

GIS technologies. Program impact is based on the 

rolling 10-year average of the number of Forest Stewardship plans and acres encompassed by plans and 

percentage of high potential areas being managed under Forest Stewardship management plans. States 

greatly expand program impact by integrating programs and leveraging partnerships to target high 

potential areas. 

The Spatial Analysis Project (SAP) 

The SAP is a GIS-based strategic management 

tool that allows participating State forestry 

agencies to identify and spatially display 

important forest lands (rich in natural 

resources, vulnerable to threat), tracts currently 

under Forest Stewardship Plans, and areas of 

opportunity to focus future Forest Stewardship 

Program efforts. 

 

Partnerships 

All Forest Stewardship activities are coordinated with and delivered through State and territorial forest 

agency partners; thus, the program leverages substantial non-Federal financial and human resources. 

States are required to match Federal funds dollar for dollar, but most far exceed this level. 

The Forest Service partners with the Natural Resources Conservation Service to support the National 

Agroforestry Center, which successfully transfers sustainable agroforestry technologies to thousands of 

land management professionals each year. Also, the RNGR Program provides people that grow seedlings 

for conservation and forestry with the latest technical information, thereby supporting an extensive 

network for seedling production. 

State and Private Forestry 6-19
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Forestry

 Forest Legacy Program

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Legacy Program

Annual Appropriations $52,317 $49,445 $170 $41,445 $91,060 84%

Forest Legacy Program Total $52,317 $49,445 $170 $41,445 $91,060 84%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 22 22 22

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 22 22 22

Table Note: $1 million will use authority provided under the Farm Bill for the Community Forest Program 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Legacy Program

Acres of environmentally important 

forests protected from conversion 361,467 88,091 116,000 194,987 104,000 168,500 64,500

Parcelization of forests avoided 

(number of parcels prevented) 19,342 2,880 4,600 13,392 5,369 8,699 3,330

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $91,060,000 for the Forest Legacy Program (FLP) including 

an increase of $34,000,000 to acquire easements on forested lands that are under significant development 

pressure and that protect air and water quality, provide access to national forests, and provide important 

habitat for threatened or endangered wildlife or fish 

species. 

Forty-four States submitted 84 proposed projects to 

the Forest Service for FY 2010 funding 

consideration by the national selection panel. The 

proposed projects total more than $194 million and 

have combined support from 569 distinct 

individuals and organizations. Funding is provided 

to highest priority activities that can demonstrate 

performance in a transparent manner.

Paulding County Wildlife Project – Metro Atlanta 

$2.4 million of FLP funds leveraged $36 million in 

other public and private funds to protect a montane 

longleaf pine ecosystem, located in the headwaters of 

the drinking water supply for the metropolitan Atlanta 

area. The property will continue to provide public 

access for hunting, hiking, camping, biking, and other 

outdoor recreational activities. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the FLP closed 59 tracts and leveraged $48 million of Federal funds with $135 million of 

partner funds to protect a total of 194,987 acres. Completed acres were higher than anticipated due to the 

following factors: (1) the FLP closed a significant number of tracts, and some were larger than normal (a 

51,000 acre and a 36,000 acre tract) and (2) real estate negotiations are very unpredictable. In addition to 

the unpredictable nature of real estate transactions, FLP projects typically take about 2 years to close, so 

there is a timelag between annual funding and the accomplishments. 

State and Private Forestry 6-20
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description

Program Overview 

Through FLP, the Forest Service works with States, private landowners, and other conservation partners 

to protect environmentally important forests threatened by land conversion through conservation 

easements and fee-simple purchases. Both FLP and the Land Acquisition Appropriation are funded by 

the Land and Water Conservation Fund. Fifty-seven percent (429 million acres) of our Nation’s forests 

are privately owned. Family forest owners and timber companies are facing increasing pressure to 

develop their land. The program provides financial incentives to private landowners to conserve their 

forests, thereby protecting outdoor recreation opportunities, fish and wildlife habitat, water quality, and 

resource-based economies. The program operates on a “willing buyer-willing seller” basis and is a nonregulatory, incentive-based land conservation program. 

Protection of private forests through FLP is essential to maintain the multitude of public benefits, 

ecosystem services, and products we all need and enjoy. Conservation across a landscape rather than 

focusing solely within ownership boundaries is essential to address large-scale conservation issues such 

as adaptation to climate change, conservation of water resources, reduction of wildfire risk, and protection 

of at-risk species. 

Allocation 

FLP projects are nominated through a two-stage 

competitive process (State-level identification and 

approval, and a national review and ranking), resulting in 

high-quality projects supported both locally and 

nationally. Each project is ranked using three 

standardized criteria: importance – public benefits gained 

from the protection and management of the property; 

threat – likelihood of conversion to non-forest uses 

resulting in a loss of forest values and public benefits; and 

strategic – project fits with a larger conservation plan, 

strategy, and initiative, and enhances previous conservation investments. Project management funds are 

allocated to the regions based on management needs for the projects.

Agulowak Project - Alaska 

FLP contributed $700,000 to protect 2,175 

acres of high value salmon habitat within a 

larger 20,213 acre protected project. 

Ownership of the property will remain with 

Aleknagik Natives Ltd, and the conservation 

easement with the State of Alaska. 

Partnerships

To date, almost 1.8 million acres of environmentally important private lands have been protected through 

FLP. States and landowners are the primary partners, but land trusts and other conservation organizations 

play a critical role in identifying and completing projects. While the program requires a 25 percent nonFederal match, the program averages a 50 percent non-federal match.

State and Private Forestry 6-21
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Forest Legacy Program FY2010 Project List

Italics indicate proposed projects involving easements that will be accomplished using the $34 million funding 

increase as part of the Conserves New Land Presidential Initiative. 

Final 

Rank State Project Name Funding 

Request 

1 AZ San Pedro River Ecosystem $900,000 

2 ME Katahdin Forest Expansion $3,700,000 

3 ID McArthur Lake Wildlife Corridor $3,345,000 

4 MA Southern Monadnock Plateau II $1,120,000 

5 MT Murray Douglas Conservation Easement $2,900,000 

6 TN North Cumberland Conservation Area $4,160,000 

7 MA Metacomet-Monadnock Forest $245,000 

8 MN Koochiching Forest Legacy $3,000,000 

9 DE Green Horizons $4,000,000 

10 VT Eden Forest $2,200,000 

11 VA Chowan River Headwaters $2,240,000 

12 AS Ottoville Rainforest Preserve $1,000,000 

13 IA Preparation Canyon $1,315,000 

14 NJ Musconetcong & Rockaway River Watersheds $1,000,000 

15 ID Bane Creek Neighbors $2,465,000 

16 SC Belfast $3,250,000 

17 CA Chalk Mountain Area $2,000,000 

18 OR Skyline Forest $2,500,000 

19 WA Mt. St. Helens Forest $2,500,000 

20 NH Cardigan Highlands $2,400,000 

21 FL St. Vincent Sound-to-Lake Wimico $2,500,000 

22 WV South Branch $230,000 

23 GA Murff tract- Rayonier Forest $3,500,000 

24 WI Wild Rivers $2,330,000 

25 AK South Denali $675,000 

26 CO Snow Mountain Ranch $2,500,000 

27 NV Castles-Bowers Mansion $900,000 

28 AL Cumberland Mountains Preserve $640,000 

29 OH Vinton furnace $1,610,000 

30 TX Longleaf Ridge $1,820,000 

31 NY Follensby Pond $2,500,000 

32 USVI Annaly Bay/Hermitage Valley $1,500,000 

33 HI Kainalu Forest Watershed $1,500,000 

34 CT Tulmeadow Farm $1,415,000 

35 UT Dry Lakes Ranch $1,400,000 

36 WI Chippewa Flowage $1,500,000 

State and Private Forestry 6-22
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Final 

Rank State Project Name Funding 

Request 

37 ME Rangeley High Peaks $555,000 

38 OR South Eugene Hills Phase II $1,000,000 

39 CA Miller Forest CE $500,000 

40 CT Wolf Hill $600,000 

41 NM Vallecitos High Country $1,650,000 

42 WA Scatter Creek Phase I $1,200,000 

43 AR Maumelle Water Excellence $1,790,000 

44 PA Little Bushkill Headwaters Forest Reserve $1,500,000 

45 PR Rio Abajo Project $300,000 

46 GA Ft. Stewart ACUB 1 $805,000 

47 KY Pope Creek/Putnam Knob $1,000,000 

Program Administrative Funding $6,400,000 

Initiate implementation of Community Forest 

Program * $1,000,000 

Total Funding $91,060,000 

*$1 million of FLP funds will be used to initiate implementation of the Community Forest and Open Space 

Conservation Program, authorized in the 2008 Farm Bill. 

Community Forest and Open Space Conservation Program

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $1,000,000 for initiation of the newly authorized Community 

Forest and Open Space Conservation Program (Community Forest Program- CFP), authorized by Section 

8003 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-234; 122 Stat. 1281). The 

purpose of CFP is to achieve community benefits through grants to local governments, Tribal 

Governments, and nonprofit organizations to establish community forests by acquiring and protecting 

private forestlands. By creating community forests through land acquisition, communities and tribes can 

provide public access and recreational opportunities, protect vital water supplies and wildlife habitat, 

provide demonstration sites for private forest landowners, and derive financial and community benefits 

from sustainable management. 

The Forest Service will use these funds to develop program regulations to ensure a consistent and 

transparent program. Program implementation is anticipated to include a nationally competitive process 

to prioritize and fund the best community forest projects. The regulations will outline application 

requirements, as well as the standard criteria used by the Forest Service. The Forest Service will solicit 

comments on the proposed regulation, which will improve the implementation of the program. In 

addition, the Forest Service will also use these funds to ensure the agency has capacity to implement this 

new program 

Past Performance

Program was authorized in 2008, and has not received funding.

State and Private Forestry 6-23
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The authorizing language specifies that the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the 

Forest Service, may award grants to local governments, Tribal Governments, and nonprofit organizations 

to permanently protect through fee acquisition private forests that are threatened by conversion to 

nonforest uses and provide specified public benefits to communities. 

Community benefits under CFP include, but are not limited to: (1) economic benefits through sustainable 

forest management; (2) environmental benefits, including clean water and wildlife habitat; (3) benefits 

from forest-based educational programs, including vocational education programs in forestry; (4) benefits 

from serving as replicable models of effective forest stewardship for private landowners; (5) recreational 

benefits, including hunting and fishing; and (6) public access. The Federal contribution to the project 

cannot be more than 50 percent of the total project cost. 

There are now two land protection programs under the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act, the Forest 

Legacy Program (FLP) codified at 16 U.S.C. 2103c, and the CFP codified at 16 U.S.C. 2103d. The two 

programs are complementary; each engages unique partners and utilizes different tools for land 

protection. Most projects will qualify for only one. The proposed regulations do not allow submission of 

an application for a project to both CFP and FLP simultaneously. 

Allocation 

The Forest Service proposes conducting a nationally competitive review and ranking process. The review 

and ranking will be based on criteria outlined in this proposed regulation. The Forest Service anticipates 

issuing an annual request for proposals, which will provide additional specificity on the review process, 

review criteria, and timelines. 

Partnerships 

The Forest Service received a letter from 118 organizations, including States, local governments, and land 

trusts, in support of the program, and requesting that the agency move quickly towards implementation. 

The Forest Service anticipates that CFP will receive support from state and local governments, Tribal 

Governments, land trusts and other conservation organizations, and communities. 

State and Private Forestry 6-24
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Forestry 

 Economic Action Programs

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Economic Action Programs

Annual Appropriations $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 $0 -100%

Economic Action Programs Total $4,206 $4,973 $0 -$4,973 $0 -100%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1 0 0

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget does not propose funding for Economic Action Programs. 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

Economic Action Programs build capacity within communities to take strategic action and effectively 

engage in and contribute to the sustainable management of natural resources from the local to national 

level. Funds appropriated through this program enhance the ability of private enterprises to treat 

forestland, utilize restoration by-products, and meet energy resource needs; stimulate local community 

action to care for forests and grasslands; and support collaborative actions across ownership or agency 

boundaries. 

 

State and Private Forestry 6-25
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Forestry

 Urban and Community Forestry

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Urban & Community Forestry

Annual Appropriations $27,691 $29,541 $336 -$550 $29,327 -2%

Urban & Community Forestry Total $27,691 $29,541 $336 -$550 $29,327 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 45 45 45

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 45 45 45

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Urban & Community Forestry

Percentage of people living in 

communities managing programs to 

plant, protect, and maintain their 

urban and community trees and 

forests. 37.0% 38.0% 37.0% 39.6% 37.0% 37.0% 0.0%

Percentage of people living in 

communities developing programs 

and/or activities to plant, protect, and 

maintain their urban and community 

trees and forests. 36% 34% 20% 38% 38% 38% 0%

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $29,327,000 for the Urban and Community Forestry (U&CF) 

program, a slight decrease in budget authority of $214,000 from FY 2009. Funds include a $336,000 

increase for pay and other cost changes. Funds are not included for $550,000 of Congressional earmarks 

for replanting trees in Michigan or for the regional forestry effort in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington. No 

major program changes are anticipated at this proposed budget level. We will continue to work with state 

forestry agencies, and other partners, to assist communities in developing and advancing their urban 

forestry programs to optimize the social, economic and environmental services that trees and forests 

provide. Special emphasis will be placed on landscape-scale demonstration projects that have regional 

and national significance for urban and community forest management across landscapes. 

Past Performance Community Health and Well Being 

The U&CF program has provided 

Challenge Cost-Share Grant funding for 

social science research to demonstrate 

the value of urban trees and green spaces 

in: improving mental and physical 

health, reducing domestic violence and 

violent crime, encouraging civic 

engagement, and increasing the value of 

residential and commercial properties. 

In FY 2008, U&CF was able to accomplish more than the 

planned amount included in the President’s budget due to an 

increase in funding in the final appropriation. U&CF provided 

assistance to 7,139 communities, reaching a total population of 

177 million people. The population served by the program in 

FY 2008 represented 78 percent of the people living in 

communities with the potential to develop programs to plant, 

protect, and manage their urban and community trees and 

forests. 

State and Private Forestry 6-26
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

We continue to work with state forestry agencies, and other partners, to assist communities in developing 

and advancing their urban forestry programs. Funding is provided to highest priority activities that can 

demonstrate performance in a transparent manner. 

Climate Change 

State and territorial partners focus educational and technical assistance and outreach efforts on helping 

localities improve the resilience of their urban and community forests in response to climate change 

stresses. Program partners assist communities in strategic tree planting and active management of the 

urban forest to increase carbon sequestration, reduce energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas 

emissions from power plants, reduce the forest's susceptibility to insects and disease, improve the forest's 

ability to contribute to clean water quality and quantity needs, and generate biofuels from urban wood 

waste products to off-set fossil fuel usage. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The U&CF program assists cities, suburbs, and towns 

across the country in improving the condition and 

coverage of community trees and forests. Active 

management of these assets secures the greatest 

economic, social, and environmental benefits for 80 

percent of the Nation's population. U&CF delivers 

technical, financial, educational, and research assistance 

to communities in all 50 States, the District of Columbia, 

and 8 U.S. territories. Assistance is delivered to 

communities primarily through State forestry agencies. 

Program priorities emphasize increasing community tree canopy and improving urban forest management 

to deliver critical ecosystem services such as air and water quality, storm water management, energy 

conservation, noise abatement, wildlife habitat, and improved human health and well being. 

Urban Forests and Climate Change

Forest Service research and investments in 

urban forests have helped reveal the role these 

forests play in reducing carbon dioxide and 

other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The 

agency played a key role in development of the 

Urban Forest Project Reporting Protocol 

recently adopted by the California Climate 

Action Registry.

The U&CF program is a critical component of accomplishing the stated outcome of the Forest Service 

Strategic Plan Goal 6 of “broader access by Americans to the long-term environmental, social, economic, 

and other types of benefits that the Forest Service can help provide.” The program also contributes to 

Goal 3, the conservation of open space, by assisting communities in natural resource planning. 

Allocation and Integration 

U&CF allocates funds based on performance that is monitored using a web-based accomplishment 

reporting system. Allocations target communities that have established one or more of the following: 

professional urban forestry staff, tree ordinances, urban forest management plans, and tree boards or 

advisory organizations. 

U&CF and Forest Health Protection staffs are supporting pilot programs to monitor urban forest health, 

including the early detection and response to invasive insect pests such as emerald ash borer and Asian 

long-horned beetle. U&CF works with Research and Development to develop, disseminate, and support, 

an urban and community forest benefits assessment and management software called i-Tree. It is 

currently distributed to 3,500 entities in the U. S. across all 50 states, and 47 different countries on 6 

continents. 

State and Private Forestry 6-27
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Partnerships 

U&CF delivers its program through a continually expanding partnership network of State forestry 

agencies, other Federal agencies, local governments, community organizations, and volunteers. State 

programs leverage FS investment with other funding sources, by at least 150 percent, to deliver financial 

assistance to communities for urban and community forestry. U&CF is also working with the USDA 

National Agroforestry Center, The Conservation Fund, members of the National Association of Regional 

Councils, and the Western Forestry Leadership Coalition to support geographically-based training on 

designing and implementing green infrastructure as part of program delivery. 

State and Private Forestry 6-28
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Forestry 

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Resources Information & Analysis

Annual Appropriations $4,516 $5,000 $35 $0 $5,035 0%

Forest Resources Information & Analysis Total $4,516 $5,000 $35 $0 $5,035 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 7 7 7

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 7 7 7

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $5,035,000 for Forest Resources Information and Analysis, an 

increase in budget authority of $35,000 from FY 2009 for pay and other cost changes. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program was implemented in 47 states. Research 

and Development continued enhancement of Forest Inventory Data Online (FIDO). This improved 

version built upon and significantly extended the capabilities of the earlier version. FIDO now allows 

users to create custom reports on the forest resources of the United States and continues to use an 

estimation engine to produce population estimates and variances per the published methods. This webbased interactive tool provides easy and quick access to the latest FIA data for a wide range of users. 

National forests, state forestry agencies, non-governmental organizations, universities, forest industries 

and other federal agencies are a few of the users of this tool. The prototype may be viewed on FIA Web at 

http://fia.fs.fed.us. 

Climate Change 

The FIA program will continue to provide information that can be used by managers and policymakers to 

address climate change impacts to forest and rangelands. This includes information relevant to air quality 

concerns, carbon management through carbon sequestration, water supply, fire risks and impacts, and 

insect infestations. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Resources Information and Analysis (FRIA) budget provides funding to support 

implementation of Research and Development’s FIA program. FIA is the Nation’s forest census, 

reporting on the status and trends of the Nation’s forested resources. State and Private Forestry uses 

FRIA funds to provide cost-share assistance to participating States that contribute to the FIA program. 

FIA monitors the extent, condition, uses, impacts of management, and health of forest ecosystems across 

all ownerships of the United States. The goal is to accelerate the inventory cycle in all participating 

States. 

State and Private Forestry 6-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Allocation and Integration 

The program funds support forest inventory activities and are cost-shared with States. State contributions 

represent approximately 12 percent of the entire program funds. In order to make efficient use of 

available resources, FIA contracts some services when partners can provide them at a lower cost. 

Partnerships 

FIA is managed as a partnership, led by Forest Service Research & Development in cooperation with the 

National Forest System, State & Private Forestry, and the National Association of State Foresters. FIA 

customers include national forests and grasslands, State forestry agencies, Federal and State policy 

makers; corporations and consultants; researchers; environmental organizations; land managers; media; 

and anyone interested in reliable, current forest data. Partners make matching cash contributions or 

provide in-kind staff support for program implementation as well as in-kind services that facilitate or add 

value to program outputs. 

State and Private Forestry 6-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item International Forestry 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

International Forestry

Annual Appropriations $7,383 $8,500 $68 $500 $9,068 6%

International Forestry Total $7,383 $8,500 $68 $500 $9,068 6%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 25 25 30

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 25 25 30

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $9,068,000 for the International Forestry (IF) program. The 

requested level will maintain priority investments in domestic natural resource conservation issues, 

including climate change, invasive species, biodiversity conservation, migratory species, and advancing 

US policy interests. 

Past Performance and Partnerships

Several specific examples illustrate the relevance of the international work. During the 2008-2009 school 

year, an innovative program involved more than a quarter of a million students—from Canada, the United 

States and Mexico—in live, interactive filed trips that followed the migration of the Monarch Butterfly. 

The program, called MonarchLIVE, allows students to talk to scientists working at the biosphere reserve 

where the butterflies overwinter. The charismatic Monarch links together students, researchers and land 

managers from all three countries, fostering appreciation of international conservation and underscoring 

the ecological interconnectedness of the hemisphere. 

Another excellent example can be found in a partnership that International Forestry formed with the 

Memphis Zoo several years ago to address joint forest health restoration in China. Ongoing joint research 

in China focuses on restoring panda habitat, involving local communities in management and preservation 

aspects. In September, the Zoo will open a new interpretive exhibit—to be seen by thousands of 

visitors—which will feature Forest Service contributions to forest health worldwide. Other important 

international work involving China includes International Forestry’s ongoing research and exchange to 

prevent and mitigate damage from invasive forest pests. 

A third example is a partnership International Forestry developed with the Hummingbird Monitoring 

Network, spurred by declining hummingbird populations across the Western United States, Canada and 

Mexico. The joint effort, the Western Hummingbird Project, addresses conservation issues in Western 

North America. Working across international boundaries is the most effective way to counter the impacts 

of human activities and global climate change on these fragile birds. 

Climate Change 

The IF program is currently collaborating with other governments, non-governmental organizations, and 

the private sector on climate change and avoided deforestation through policy engagement and technical 

cooperation. International policy discussions on climate change have recently become more focused on 

the role of forests and grasslands in greenhouse gas production and capture. Support for schemes to 

reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation are gaining momentum. IF works closely with the 

U.S. Department of State and other U.S. government agencies in these international policy deliberations. 

State and Private Forestry 6-31
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

In coordination with other governments, non-governmental organizations and communities, IF engages in 

technical collaboration to develop capacity, strengthen institutions, and develop economic alternatives to 

unsustainable harvesting and management practices. The focus is on reducing deforestation and land 

degradation while at the same time improving management practices and protecting habitat around the 

world. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The IF program promotes sustainable forest management and addresses climate change issues globally, 

bringing important technologies and innovations back to the United States. Forest Service land managers 

and scientists deliver their expertise overseas through technical cooperation, training, policy assistance, 

and in disaster preparedness and response. The program focuses on key natural resource needs in 

countries with significant forest resources and important forest product related trade with the United 

States. The program is critical in protecting U.S. investments in a wide array of domestic natural resource 

conservation issues, including climate change, invasive species, biodiversity conservation, migratory 

species, and forest conservation. Furthermore, the program fosters improved natural resource 

management worldwide, advancing the understanding of the most pressing international issues including 

climate change, forest-dependent community sustainability, land management, and biodiversity. 

Allocation and Integration 

The program prioritizes work and directs funding in several different ways. The program focuses on 

climate change and related forest management and policy issues including conserving migratory species 

habitats and addressing the threat of invasive species, particularly those posing the greatest potential 

threat to US forests. The program collaborates closely with Forest Service field units and with domestic 

and international partners including those in other U.S. government agencies, foreign governments, 

international and local environmental organizations, universities and the private sector. Lastly, priorities 

are set in conjunction with the U.S. Department of State to address the most important international issues 

including climate change, illegal logging, and sustainable forest management. 

State and Private Forestry 6-32
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Appropriation National Forest System 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

National Forest System

Annual Appropriations $1,469,579 $1,509,805 $26,237 -$29,478 $1,506,564 -2%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

National Forest System Total $1,469,579 $1,509,805 $26,237 -$29,478 $1,506,564 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 10,449 10,512 10,440

Supplemental & Emergency Funding FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 10,449 10,512 10,440

National Forest System

Land Management Planning $48,833 $48,833 $799 -$4,114 $45,518 -8%

Inventory & Monitoring $166,580 $167,580 $2,115 -$1,000 $168,695 -1%

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness $262,635 $277,635 $5,482 -$3,000 $280,117 -1%

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management $132,385 $139,385 $3,586 -$1,500 $141,471 -1%

Grazing Management $48,163 $50,000 $765 -$816 $49,949 -2%

Forest Products $322,503 $332,666 $5,763 -$9,470 $328,959 -3%

Vegetation & Watershed Management $177,437 $180,437 $3,349 -$1,500 $182,286 -1%

Minerals & Geology Management $84,143 $85,470 $1,180 $0 $86,650 0%

Landownership Management $91,299 $93,299 $1,469 -$396 $94,372 0%

Law Enforcement Operations $131,910 $135,500 $1,729 -$2,182 $135,047 -2%

Valles Caldera National Preserve $3,691 $4,000 $0 -$500 $3,500 -13%

Rescission of Prior Year Unobligated Balances $0 -$5,000 $0 -$5,000 -$10,000 0%

The National Forest System and Programs

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $1,506,564,000 for the National Forest System which includes 

the cancellation of $10 million in prior year unobligated balances. The National Forest System (NFS) 

appropriation provides funds for the stewardship and management of the 193 million acres of national 

forests and grasslands. The requested funds provide increases for pay costs and will provide for the 

planning, assessment, and conservation of ecosystems while delivering multiple public services and uses. 

Management of these natural resources requires the complex integration of many different program areas. 

The suite of NFS programs support the planning, coordination, and implementation of activities which 

provide unique recreational opportunities, energy for the nation, forest products, habitat for wildlife, 

forage for domestic animals, and protection and improvement of soil and water quality. These activities 

are managed to best meet the needs of the Nation while maintaining or improving productivity of the land 

and protecting the environment. These lands make up one of the Nation’s most unique public land 

legacies. 

National Forest System 7 - 1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Recognizing Integrated Program and Partnership Accomplishments 

The Forest Service has changed its business rules for accomplishment reporting to incorporate not only 

directly funded work, but also accomplishments achieved through integration between program areas or 

partnerships with external groups. This reform improves performance and accountability by shifting 

focus from a highly functionalized approach to one that naturally aligns other programs and partner 

organizations to achieve multiple goals. By changing how it counts accomplishments, the Agency 

improves incentives and encourages managers to plan and implement their work, and ensure fullest 

possible value per Federal expenditure. 

Accomplishments are now referred to as Unified Accomplishments. This represents the sum of core, 

integrated, and partnership accomplishments for a project and/or program. 

 Core Accomplishments are those accomplishments achieved through direct expenditure of Forest 

Service funds in the BLI associated with the resource measure. 

 Integrated Accomplishments are the results of integrated projects that achieve multiple goals and 

objectives. Integrated accomplishments are those additional accomplishments achieved from one 

or more BLIs that are not associated with the resource program tied to that particular 

accomplishment measure. 

 Partnership Accomplishments are achieved through the application and expenditure of dollars 

contributed by partners and cooperators, as well as through their in-kind contributions. In-kind or 

volunteer accomplishments include non-monetary contributions such as material, supplies, 

services, and labor. 

Forest Service programs have historically set targets and recorded accomplishments by program. The 

new system enables the Agency to plan for and report accomplishment in an integrated manner, reflecting 

the way work is actually accomplished on the ground by resource managers. Individual resource 

programs are now managed concurrently with other resource programs to achieve multiple resource 

management objectives. For example, timber sales are often used to meet wildlife habitat requirements, 

restore watersheds, and reduce wildfire risk to communities as well meeting timber sale requirements. 

The new business rules will encourage and highlight program integration, and will fully account for the 

great contributions made by partners and cooperators. 

National Forest System 7 - 2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Land Management Planning 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Land Management Planning

Annual Appropriations $48,833 $48,833 $799 -$4,114 $45,518 -8%

Land Management Planning Total $48,833 $48,833 $799 -$4,114 $45,518 -8%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 313 255 255

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 313 255 255

Land Management Planning Activities

Maintain Land Management Plans $26,218 $26,723 $363 -$6,378 $20,708 -24%

Create/Revise Land Management Plans $22,615 $22,110 $436 $2,264 $24,810 10%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Land Management Planning

Number of land management plan 

amendments underway 23 36 33 31 34 34 0

Number of land management plan 

revisions or creations underway 50 41 40 39 40 34 -6

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $45,518,000 for Land Management Planning, a decrease of 

$3,315,000 in budget authority from FY 2009. The Land Management Planning program will focus on 

completing land management plan (LMP) revisions and achieving efficiencies gained under the 2008 

Planning Rule. The full LMP revision schedule can be found in the “Revisions in Progress in FY 2010” 

section listed below. Other high priorities for FY 2010 include conducting roadless area evaluations and 

completing critical LMP amendments. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Maintain Land Management Plans (-$6,378,000) - The request includes $20,708,000 for the 

maintenance of LMPs. The agency will amend, correct or adjust as needed the 61 LMPs not currently 

under revision, focusing on completing amendments to address critical issues. This level of funding 

will be used to work on 34 LMP amendments in FY 2010 that respond to energy corridor decisions 

on specific national forests. Some units with completed LMP revisions will conduct comprehensive 

evaluations (funded by the Inventory and Monitoring budget line item) to determine whether their 

LMPs need to be updated. Up-to-date LMPs provide the basis for identifying projects and 

management actions that will help achieve desired conditions in line with agency goals and 

objectives. The planned number of amendments increased in FY 2009 and FY 2010 over the FY 

2008 actual level because some units were able to begin amending LMPs in response to the 

completion of the Eastern Energy Corridor EIS. These specific amendments should be completed in 

FY 2010. 

Create/Revise Land Management Plans (+$2,264,000) - The request includes $24,810,000 to fund 

and support LMP revisions. An increase in funds will accelerate completing the LMP revisions 

currently scheduled for FY 2010 (see LMP Revision Schedule on following page). LMPs that are upNational Forest System 7 - 3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

to-date in terms of desired conditions, objectives, and standards provide the basis for projects that will 

improve services and conditions on the ground. The agency intends to complete all revisions 

currently in progress by the end of FY 2013. 

LMP Revision Schedule

Cumulative 1st Round Completions

84

66

30

12

6

93

99

116

118 119 120 120 124 127

75

55 61

54 55 55

41

35

25

19

12 1212

10

12

14

6

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

19981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011

Fiscal Year

Forest Plans

NFMA Original Schedule Completed LMP's Expected Completion

Climate Change

All LMP revisions and many LMP amendments will use the best available science to assess the influence 

of climate change on the planning unit. This will occur as part of a comprehensive evaluation, funded 

through the Inventory and Monitoring program, that will focus on how changes in the climate are 

affecting the forests and grasslands as well as the impact management of the planning unit may have on 

global greenhouse gases. Revised LMPs will also identify items that need to be monitored over time to 

improve understanding of the relationships of key LMP components and climate change. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

LMPs provide a long-term vision of the desired conditions 

that each National Forest System (NFS) unit hopes to 

achieve, and a management strategy for how to achieve 

them. To establish a framework for achieving this vision, 

each unit collaborates with the public to develop a 

strategic management plan addressing a wide variety of 

programs and issues. The LMP provides the basis for 

identifying, prioritizing, and implementing the programs 

and projects to move the unit towards achieving locally 

desired conditions and agency objectives. Such goals and 

objectives may include addressing climate change, ensuring abundant clean water, providing recreation 

opportunities, and restoring and maintaining forest and rangeland ecosystems. 

Revising Management Plans 

The Forest Service has developed 127 LMPs 

to guide the management of 155 national 

forests, 20 grasslands, and other unique units 

of the NFS. Since the late 1980s, 55 LMPs 

have been revised, about 40 percent of the 

total. The first round of revisions is expected 

to be completed by FY 2016.

National Forest System 7 - 4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The National Forest Management Act (NFMA) requires that each unit of the NFS have a LMP that is 

formally revised every 10 to 15 years to address changing conditions and new information related to 

natural resources, management goals, and public use. 

The Land Management Planning program is delivered through the following activities: 

Maintain Land Management Plans - LMP maintenance includes making amendments, corrections, 

and adjustments, conducting any analyses needed after legal notice initiating an amendment, and 

resolving any appeals, litigation, and objections to the amendment. 

Create/Revise Land Management Plans - Includes all work activities associated with LMP revision 

and creation including those identified in the 2008 Planning Rule (e.g., public involvement, 

development of LMP components, content analysis of public comments, etc.). This activity also 

involves resolving appeals, litigation and objections to the LMP. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funds for this program support the development, revision, and maintenance of LMPs. Priority is given to 

those units currently revising their LMPs. Funds are allocated based on the number of LMPs in each 

region that are under revision and the number in a non-revision or maintenance mode. Additional funding 

is also allocated to field units that are conducting roadless area evaluations. The Land Management 

Planning program is closely integrated with activities funded by the Inventory and Monitoring program, 

such as LMP monitoring and LMP development assessments. These activities are discussed more fully 

under the Inventory and Monitoring section. 

Partnerships 

Collaboration with partners and the public is critical to developing, revising or amending LMPs; and 

assists in identifying needs, establishing desired conditions, and crafting alternatives or scenarios for 

future management. Both in plan development and revision, agency field units work closely with citizens 

and organizations with an interest in how the land is managed. 

National Forest System 7 - 5 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

National Forest System 7 - 6 

Land Management Plan Revision Schedule 

The following tables display the revision status of the 127 land management plans that currently exist. All 

units are national forests unless otherwise noted (e.g., NG = National Grassland). The NFS Region (e.g., 

R-1, R-2, etc.) for each unit is also provided. 

Creations and Revisions Completed prior to FY 2010 (Total = 61) 

R-1 Beaverhead-Deerlodge

R-1 Dakota Prairie NG

R-2 Arapaho-Roosevelt 

R-2 Black Hills 

R-2 Bighorn 

R-2 Cimarron-Comanche NG

R-2 Medicine Bow 

R-2 Nebraska 

R-2 Rio Grande 

R-2 Routt 

R-2 Shoshone 

R-2 Thunder Basin NG 

R-2 White River 

R-4 Boise 

R-4 Caribou 

R-4 Payette 

R-4 Sawtooth 

R-4 Targhee 

R-4 Uinta 

R-4 Wasatch-Cache 

R-5 Angeles 

R-5 Cleveland 

R-5 Lake Tahoe Basin 

R-5 Los Padres 

R-5 San Bernardino 

R-8 Caribbean 

R-8 Chattahoochee-Oconee 

R-8 Cherokee 

R-8 Croatan 

R-8 Daniel Boone 

R-8 Francis Marion 

R-8 Jefferson 

R-8 Kisatchie 

R-8 Land Between the 

Lakes NRA (new plan) 

R-8 NFs in Alabama 

R-8 NFs in Florida 

R-8 NFs in Mississippi 

R-8 NFs in Texas 

R-8 Ouachita 

R-8 Ozark-St. Francis 

R-8 Sumter 

R-8 Uwharrie 

R-8 George Washington 

 (1st revision) 

R-9 Allegheny 

R-9 Chequamegon-Nicolet 

R-9 Chippewa 

R-9 Finger Lakes 

R-9 Green Mountain 

R-9 Hiawatha 

R-9 Hoosier 

R-9 Huron-Manistee 

R-9 Mark Twain 

R-9 Midewin National 

Tallgrass Prairie (new plan) 

R-9 Monongahela 

R-9 Ottawa 

R-9 Shawnee 

R-9 Superior 

R-9 Wayne 

R-9 White Mountain 

R-10 Chugach 

R-10 Tongass 

Revisions in Progress in FY 2010 (Total = 34)

R-1 Bitterroot*

R-1 Flathead * 

R-1 Idaho-Panhandle* 

R-1 Kootenai* 

R-1 Lolo*

R-1 Clearwater

R-1 Nez Perce

R-2 Grand Mesa, 

Uncompahgre, Gunnison* 

R-2 San Juan* 

R-2 Pike-San Isabel* 

R-3 Apache-Sitgreaves* 

R-3 Cibola NG* 

R-3 Coconino 

R-3 Coronado* 

R-3 Kaibab* 

R-3 Prescott* 

R-3 Tonto 

R-4 Dixie 

R-4 Fishlake 

R-4 Manti-La Sal 

R-4 Humboldt–Toiyabe 

R-4 Bridger-Teton 

R-4 Ashley 

R-5 Modoc 

R-5 Sequoia 

R-6 Fremont 

R-6 Colville 

R-6 Malheur 

R-6 Okanogan 

R-6 Umatilla 

R-6 Wallowa-Whitman 

R-6 Wenatchee 

R-6 Winema 

R-8 George Washington* 

 (2nd revision) 

* Expected completions in FY 2010 (14) 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Revisions Starting in FY 2011 and Beyond (Total = 33)

R-1 Custer 

R-1 Gallatin 

R-1 Helena 

R-1 Lewis & Clark 

R-3 Carson 

R-3 Cibola 

R-3 Gila 

R-3 Lincoln 

R-3 Santa Fe 

R-4 Salmon-Challis 

R-5 Eldorado 

R-5 Inyo 

R-5 Klamath 

R-5 Lassen 

R-5 Mendocino 

R-5 Plumas 

R-5 Shasta-Trinity 

R-5 Sierra 

R-5 Six Rivers 

R-5 Stanislaus 

R-5 Tahoe 

R-6 Deschutes 

R-6 Gifford Pinchot 

R-6 Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie 

R-6 Mt. Hood 

R-6 Ochoco 

R-6 Olympic 

R-6 Rogue River 

R-6 Siskiyou 

R-6 Siuslaw 

R-6 Umpqua 

R-6 Willamette 

R-8 Nantahala-Pisgah

National Forest System 7 - 7 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Inventory and Monitoring 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Inventory & Monitoring

Annual Appropriations $166,580 $167,580 $2,115 -$1,000 $168,695 -1%

Inventory & Monitoring Total $166,580 $167,580 $2,115 -$1,000 $168,695 -1%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1,041 1,010 1,010

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,041 1,010 1,010

Inventory & Monitoring Activities

Conduct Strategic Resource Inventories $76,010 $78,127 $821 -$5,794 $73,154 -7%

Conduct Land Management Plan Monitoring $73,478 $63,814 $965 $4,314 $69,093 7%

Conduct Land Management Plan Assessments $17,092 $25,639 $329 $480 $26,448 2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Inventory & Monitoring

Acres of inventory data collected and 

acquired N/A 20,860,388 23,525,000 25,223,812 20,893,479 21,520,000 626,521

Number of annual monitoring 

requirements completed N/A 1,487 1,200 2,021 1,200 1,400 200

Number of land management plan 

assessments completed 97 52 30 66 40 54 14

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $168,695,000 for Inventory and Monitoring, an increase of 

$1,115,000 in budget authority over FY 2009. The proposed budget reflects continued improvement in 

the Forest Service’s ability to assess the performance of NFS management activities in meeting individual 

LMP goals as well as NFS-wide changes on the landscape resulting from Federal investments, 

management activities, climate change, and natural and catastrophic events. National forests and 

grasslands will focus on monitoring LMP implementation, conducting comprehensive evaluations in 

advance of LMP revisions, and ensuring that inventories, data management, and corporate data systems 

support these business requirements. The agency will place priority on the acquisition of data to establish 

baselines for standard national and locally-specific desired conditions and to determine, through 

monitoring, the progress being made towards achieving those desired conditions and objectives in LMPs. 

The agency also intends to continue implementing the requirements of Executive Order 13423 for 

establishing an agency-wide environmental management system (EMS) by including a standard approach 

for evaluating improvements on the land. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Conduct Strategic Resource Inventories (-$5,794,000) - The request provides $73,154,000 for 

inventory of 21,520,000 acres on national forests and grasslands. Funding will support the continued 

inventory of high priority areas to support the establishment of future management direction in LMP 

revisions and amendments. Inventories will be conducted at the appropriate scales to establish 

baseline data for LMP desired conditions and objectives. The agency will also continue the important 

work of integrating and improving databases and migrating applications and existing data to a 

centralized repository. These activities support the efficient implementation of the 2008 Planning 

Rule, project work on the ground and national and multi-unit level assessments. 

National Forest System 7-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

In FY 2008, the agency inventoried 25,223,812 acres in support of the 127 LMPs being maintained or 

revised or for other forest-wide program needs. The agency exceeded its planned performance levels 

by 7 percent because individual national forests took advantage of opportunities to conduct more 

landscape scale inventories covering larger amounts of acreage in preparation for LMP revisions, 

amendments, and LMP assessments. 

Conduct Land Management Plan Monitoring (+$4,314,000) - The request provides $69,093,000 for 

1,400 LMP monitoring requirements on national forests and grasslands. In response to the 2008 

Planning Rule, the agency will emphasize monitoring desired conditions and other LMP 

requirements, annual evaluations, and reports. Efforts will continue to identify minimum 

standardized monitoring requirements and information needs across national forests and grasslands 

associated with specific desired conditions and emerging issues such as climate change that will lead 

to efficiencies in data collection, mapping, storage, reporting, and utilization. Thirty-three units will 

begin revisions within the next two to three years. Those units are currently completing and 

compiling monitoring information to help determine how much change each LMP needs and the 

issues to be addressed. In addition, monitoring will assist the agency in future LMP assessments. 

In FY 2008, the agency conducted 2,021 of the highest priority annual monitoring requirements 

contained in the 127 LMPs being maintained or revised by the agency. This level significantly 

exceeds the planned amount of 1,200 by 68 percent. The number of monitoring requirements 

completed each year is expected to increase over time as the agency moves towards standardizing the 

content of LMPs and the associated monitoring requirements. 

Conduct Land Management Plan Assessments (+$480,000) - The request provides $26,448,000 for 

conducting LMP development and implementation assessments, including comprehensive 

evaluations, on national forests and grasslands. The agency will work closely with its researchers to 

ensure that quality data are available, scalable, reliable, and can be integrated within the national 

framework that the agency has established for EMS. The agency is expected to complete 54 

assessments to address the requirements of the 2008 Planning Rule, including the need to change 

direction, and identify projects to implement LMPs. The agency completed 66 LMP assessments in 

FY 2008. Ecological, social, and economic sustainability assessments and comprehensive 

evaluations will provide the basis for current and future revisions. Landscape scale implementation 

assessments will assist in identifying projects that will assist units in achieving the desired conditions 

in their LMPs. 

Climate Change 

Comprehensive evaluations, a type of LMP development assessment done in advance of plan revisions, 

will include the identification and consideration of past, present and future climate change conditions and 

trends. Information used in these evaluations will come from inventories and monitoring needed to 

support plan components – desired conditions, objectives and standards. Existing data will be 

supplemented with the best available scientific information from regional and national assessments and 

with new data collected specifically for use in local level analyses. The primary focus of these 

evaluations is to understand how climate change is affecting the planning unit. This will assist in 

determining which parts of the plan need to be changed. The results of a comprehensive evaluation will 

facilitate the integration of climate change into future plan components. 

National Forest System 7-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The Inventory and Monitoring program funds the collection and analysis of integrated data, supporting a 

variety of business requirements and resource management needs. Examples of such data include 

vegetation condition, wildlife habitat, social and economic data, air and soil quality, and recreation visitor 

use. Inventory and Monitoring activities help establish baselines of information that is used to identify, 

prioritize, and frame objectives for achieving desired conditions, and are closely linked to the 

development and revision of LMPs. Specific program objectives include enhancing scientific 

understanding of ecosystems; fulfilling agreements for inventory and monitoring results with partners; 

providing data, information, and analyses to decision makers in response to current management needs 

and emerging issues, including climate change; providing information necessary to assess viability and 

responsiveness of Forest Service programs; and supporting cost-effective program delivery. 

The Inventory and Monitoring program is delivered through the following activities including the 

development, maintenance, and coordination activities in support of the following corporate applications 

and systems: ALP, Infra, NRIS, and GIS. 

Conduct Resource Inventories - Provides resource inventories designed to meet LMP requirements. 

Resource inventory activities include data collection and acquisition, data entry (including migration 

of legacy data), and storage of data in corporate systems; data evaluation and analyses to ensure 

accuracy and determine data classifications; the documentation and implementation of quality control 

procedures and compilation of metadata; and resource mapping. 

Conduct Monitoring and Evaluation - Provides monitoring, evaluation and reporting needed to 

support the determination of the need to change direction. This includes implementation and 

effectiveness monitoring needed to evaluate progress toward achieving the desired LMP conditions 

and objectives. The establishment of an EMS is partially funded by the Inventory and Monitoring 

budget line item. An EMS is a tool that supports focused natural resource management on activities 

to improve environmental performance at the forest level. 

Conduct Land Management Plan Assessments - LMP development and implementation assessments 

evaluate current and desired resource conditions at or above the watershed scale. These assessments 

include determinations of ecological, social, and economic sustainability, as well as comprehensive 

evaluations that determine the need to change direction. 

Allocation and Integration

Allocations are based on the number of units and total acreage in each region. Adjustments may be 

made between regions based on capability information submitted by the regions or to mitigate situations 

where a proposed allocation would create undesirable transition effects. 

 

Partnerships 

The Forest Service works with Federal, regional, and local partners to inventory and monitor its lands. 

Within the Federal Geographic Data Committee, the Forest Service has the lead responsibility to work 

with other agencies to set standards for vegetation classification. It also works with governmental and 

non-governmental partners to collect data and set inventory and monitoring protocols for consistent data 

collection methods. 

National Forest System 7-10
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness

Annual Appropriations $262,635 $277,635 $5,482 -$3,000 $280,117 -1%

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness Total $262,635 $277,635 $5,482 -$3,000 $280,117 -1%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2,017 2,130 2,110

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2,017 2,130 2,110

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness Activities

Manage Recreation Operations $160,715 $159,380 $2,957 -$7,494 $154,843 -5%

Administer Recreation Special Use Authorizations $37,669 $43,148 $879 $1,030 $45,057 2%

Manage Heritage Resources $27,118 $29,651 $610 $1,776 $32,037 6%

Manage Wilderness & Wild & Scenic Rivers $37,133 $45,456 $1,036 $1,688 $48,180 4%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Recreation, Heritage & Wilderness

Number of recreation site capacity 

(PAOT days) operated to standard 82,482,208 69,686,938 70,230,000 72,288,992 75,650,000 78,800,000 3,150,000

Percentage of NFS lands covered by 

travel management plans resulting in 

visitor safety, resource protection 

using best management practices, 

and less visitor conflict with off-road 

vehicle usage 0.3% 13.0% 40.0% 27.0% 70.0% 100.0% 0

Number of recreation special use 

authorizations administered to 

standard 10,091 9,524 9,013 13,119 13,200 13,250 50

Number of priority heritage assets 

managed to standard N/A 1,982 2,311 2,830 2,900 2,950 50

Number of wilderness areas managed 

to minimum stewardship level 61 67 71 102 112 122 10

Number of wild and scenic river 

areas meeting statutory requirements 47 45 46 28 30 33 3

Customer satisfaction with value for 

fee paid N/A 83% 85% 83% 85% 85% 0

Table Notes: 1) PAOT is Persons at One Time 

2) Number of wild and scenic river areas meeting statutory requirements is a new definition for 2008 (changed from “...areas 

managed to standard) 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The President’s Budget proposes $280,117,000 for the Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness program, an 

increase in budget authority of $2,482,000 over FY 2009. The program will continue to implement the 

Recreation Strategy which over a period of years will help the agency unite diverse interests, create and 

strengthen partnerships, focus on mission-driven priorities, connect recreation benefits to communities, 

provide for changing urban populations, and sustain and expand quality recreation opportunities. Priority 

will continue to be placed on implementing the travel management rule, decisions resulting from the 

Recreation Facility Assessment (RFA) process, and the 10-year Wilderness Stewardship Challenge. The 

agency will establish and strengthen partnerships, particularly those that help deliver youth programs, 

such as the “More Kids in the Woods” program that connects youth to the outdoors and those that provide 

stewardship of wild and scenic rivers. The request reflects program efficiencies gained through the 

agency’s improved use of revenue and cost data, resource assessments, and business planning to drive 

National Forest System 7-11
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

management decision-making. Agency emphasis will focus on planning and facilitating desired program 

outcomes and tapping the skills and creativity of both public and private partners. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Recreation Operations (-$7,494,000) - This request provides $154,843,000 for Recreation 

Operations. Funding is requested to complete travel management planning for 38 administrative 

units, covering 12 percent of NFS acres (24 million acres). As a result, a total of approximately 193 

million acres of NFS lands (100 percent) will be covered by motor vehicle use maps by the end of FY 

2010. Current and accurate maps allow recreation visitors to understand where they are allowed to 

operate motor vehicles on NFS administered lands. 

Travel management planning involves appropriate 

environmental analysis, public participation, 

coordination with State, county and local 

governmental agencies, and tribal governments, and 

will assist in more effective management of the road 

and trail systems. 

Funding is also requested to continue implementing 

the results of the RFA process for all national 

forests. RFA results are used to prioritize recreation 

site facilities that meet public needs and desires, 

while evaluating operational costs in order to 

maintain desired quality standards. The primary 

goals of the RFA are to reduce deferred 

maintenance, improve cost-benefit analysis, and to focus investments by prioritizing recreation sites 

that are responsive to the public’s needs. To date, 113 national forests have completed recreation site 

analyses to prioritize recreation site investments in response to public needs. It is projected that all 

national forests will have completed their recreation site analysis by the end of FY 2009. 

For a third year in a row, 

$500,000 will be awarded 

in FY 2009 for the “More 

Kids in the Woods” 

program that helps children 

begin to investigate and 

understand the benefits of 

our nation’s forests and grasslands. The Forest 

Service contribution plus matching funds and 

services from partners is expected to top $2 

million. Partners in these projects represent

schools, environmental and youth non-profit 

organizations, Native American tribes, and 

other Federal, State, and local governments. 

The Forest Service planned to have 40 percent of NFS lands covered by travel management plans by 

the end of FY 2008, but only had 27 percent covered by these plans. The shortfall was the result of 

several factors, such as delays in map production, and extended public comment. These factors are 

not expected to significantly affect our goal of having 100 percent of lands covered by these plans in 

FY 2010. 

Recreation Special Use Authorizations (+$1,030,000) - This request provides $45,057,000 for 

Recreation Special Use Authorizations. Funding is requested to administer approximately 33 percent 

of special use permits to standard. Special use concessions are an important tool for delivering 

services at Forest Service recreation sites. Concessionaires operate a majority of the recreation sites 

to accommodate visitor demands. Administering and monitoring these uses ensures that they serve 

the interest of the American people and provide protection of natural resources. The activity also 

ensures that the agency receives fair market value for the uses that occur on its public lands. 

In FY 2008, the agency surpassed its target for administering recreation special use authorizations, 

accomplishing 145 percent. The majority of this increase is due to ongoing improvements to the 

Special Uses Database System (SUDS) in order to improve accuracy in accounting and consistency 

between targets and accomplishments. In addition, the Pacific Northwest Region provided special 

emphasis funding in FY 2008 to complete the consistency review and consistency determination 

(CRCD) process for the re-issuance of special use permits for their recreation residences. Recreation 

special use permits provided approximately $52 million in revenue in FY 2008. 

National Forest System 7-12
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Heritage Resources (+$1,776,000) - This request provides $32,037,000 for Heritage Resources. 

Funding is requested to manage 2,600 priority heritage assets (PHAs) to standard. PHAs are those 

heritage assets recognized through a special designation (i.e., National Register of Historic Places) or 

prior investment in preservation, interpretation, and use. Implementation of the Preserve America 

Executive Order 13287 will also continue, including a multi-year effort to provide challenge costshare funding to the field to: 1) rehabilitate significant heritage assets that are linked to community 

economic development and sustainable “green footprints”; 2) evaluate and obtain more useful asset 

inventories; and 3) reduce deferred maintenance backlog. 

In FY 2008, the agency exceeded its target for managing its priority heritage assets, accomplishing 

122 percent of the target. The majority of the priority assets currently managed to standard had littleto-no deferred maintenance, making it fairly easy to bring them to standard. In future years, 

managing priority heritage assets to standard, with more expensive deferred maintenance, will 

become more challenging to accomplish. 

Wilderness and Wild and Scenic Rivers (+$1,688,000) - This request provides $48,180,000 for 

Wilderness and Wild and Scenic Rivers. Funding is requested to bring an additional 10 wilderness 

areas to minimum stewardship level as part of the 10-year Wilderness Stewardship Challenge, 

bringing the total to 122, or 29 percent of the total designated wilderness areas managed by the Forest 

Service. A total of 33 wild and scenic river areas will meet statutory requirements under the Wild and 

Scenic Rivers Program agenda. Attention will be focused to ensure wilderness and wild and scenic 

river values are adequately addressed in overall forest planning. 

In FY 2008, the agency managed a total of 102 wilderness areas to a minimum stewardship level, 

exceeding the target by 44 percent. This change from FY 2007 represents a significant step toward 

meeting the Chief’s 10-Year Wilderness Stewardship Challenge. During FY 2008, 28 wild and 

scenic rivers were also determined to meet statutory requirements, falling short of the target by 39 

percent. This decline in accomplishment is due to a change in the definition for the performance 

measure to establish a more definable standard and better describe the work necessary to protect these 

rivers, in a way that is consistent with the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. 

Climate Change

Interpretive services will assist the public in understanding climate change and how healthy, functioning 

ecosystems provide clean water, air, and carbon sequestration and why these things are necessary for our 

quality of life; how the agency is implementing sustainable operations to reduce its ecological impacts; 

and about such things as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified buildings and 

how some of them can be incorporated into the lifestyles of our visitors and community residents. 

Additional emphasis for FY 2010 will be placed on understanding the role of wilderness in mitigating and 

adapting to climate change and developing a strategy, as well as obtaining environmental data from 

cultural resource investigations to aid in climate change studies. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The National Forest System offers a vast and diverse array of recreational opportunities across its 193 

million acres of national forests and grasslands. In FY 2007, there were approximately 179 million visits 

on the national forests, with an increasingly diverse demographic of visitors engaging in activities such as 

camping, picnicking, winter sports, hunting, fishing, hiking, driving for pleasure, and visiting cultural 

sites and visitor centers. Population growth, combined with the decline of public access to privately 

National Forest System 7-13
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

owned land, is resulting in high demand for NFS lands to provide quality outdoor recreational 

opportunities. 

The Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness program manages and administers over 17,700 recreation sites, 

approximately 30,000 recreation special use authorizations, 37 major visitor centers, 20 National Historic 

Landmarks, over 347,000 heritage assets, 419 designated wildernesses, and 104 wild and scenic rivers. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Manage Recreation Operations - Provides for operation of developed sites, such as campgrounds, 

day-use areas, boat ramps, solid waste disposal facilities, and visitor centers; general forest areas, 

including snow play areas, lakes, streams, and roads; and interpretive and educational services. 

Activities provided for include conducting recreation planning, cleaning facilities and sites; providing 

safety and security measures for visitors and employees; conducting prescribed inspections; managing 

partnerships and volunteers; and providing interpretive or educational programs, presentations, and 

products to visitors. 

 

Administer Recreation Special Use Authorizations – Provides for the processing of new requests for 

recreation special use permits and the administration of existing authorizations. Recreation special 

use authorizations include permits for downhill ski areas, campground management, organization 

camps, and outfitting and guiding. Activities include providing responses, analyses, and decisions to 

proponents and applicants that request the use of NFS lands. Activities also include providing 

inspection, oversight, and monitoring of authorizations issued to ensure compliance with the terms 

and conditions of the authorization. Recreation opportunities are made possible through special use 

authorizations. 

Manage Heritage Resources – Provides for the protection of significant heritage assets and 

contributes interpretive, educational, site stewardship, and scientific and technical information to 

governmental entities, the public, and tribes. Activities include: identifying, evaluating, protecting, 

monitoring, and preserving heritage resources, sites and areas; and promoting heritage values through 

interpretation, Passport in Time (PIT) projects, presentations, and other public information and 

outreach efforts. 

Manage Wilderness and Wild and Scenic Rivers – Provides for the protection of designated 

wilderness and wild and scenic rivers. Evaluates and makes recommendations for areas and rivers 

worthy of addition to the National Wilderness Preservation System and the National Wild and Scenic 

Rivers System. Activities include education and outreach, inventory and monitoring, information 

management, fire management planning, and invasive species management; and, for wild and scenic 

rivers, evaluating water resources projects to protect free-flowing conditions. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funding allocations are based on a process that combines support for core operations and national 

priorities with a set of competitive criteria that compares regional performance and needs. These 

performance and needs include developed recreation site use, processing and administering special use 

permits; and managing wilderness areas, wild and scenic rivers, and priority heritage assets. Adjustments 

may then be made between regions based on capability information submitted by the regions or to 

mitigate situations where proposed allocations would create undesirable transition effects. 

Integration with other land and resource programs occurs within the recreation and wilderness program in 

order to achieve multiple management objectives. Examples include coordinating travel management 

planning with the Capital Improvement and Maintenance programs to meet integrated goals and targets; 

National Forest System 7-14
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

coordinating with Urban and Community Forestry to address interpretation and education needs that 

connect the American public to nature; identifying and pursuing acquisition of needed access with and 

through the Landownership Management program; utilizing Research and Development programs to 

address the effect of climate change on wilderness area attributes; and seeking expanded partnerships with 

the Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management program to enhance opportunities for natural encounters 

and outdoor experiences. This integration increases efficiency, provides public outreach, ensures 

resources are protected, and ensures high public confidence in Forest Service management. 

Partnerships 

The public’s use and enjoyment of resources on national forests and grasslands is enhanced through a 

variety of partnerships, including volunteers and non-governmental organizations (NGO) such as 

outfitting and guiding, ski areas, and campground 

concessionaires. This program consistently involves the highest 

number of volunteers within the agency. Volunteers contribute 

significantly to the management of heritage resources, 

interpretive services, trail maintenance, youth programs, and 

campground management. This program also works at a 

national level with partners, such as the National Forest 

Foundation, American Rivers and the River Management 

Society on wilderness and wild and scenic river volunteer 

recruitment and project accomplishment, and with the WILD 

Foundation on international skill exchanges. 

Leveraging Volunteer Resources 

In FY 2008, volunteers contributed 

$51 million worth of work through 

Recreation and Heritage resource 

activities. This represents 86 percent 

of the $59.2 million total appraised 

value of volunteer work, representing 

1,660 person years of the agency’s 

1,897 person years total. 

National Forest System 7-15
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management

Annual Appropriations $132,385 $139,385 $3,586 -$1,500 $141,471 -1%

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management Total $132,385 $139,385 $3,586 -$1,500 $141,471 -1%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 952 990 980

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 952 990 980

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management Activities

Manage Aquatic Habitat $47,624 $50,655 $1,516 $4,702 $56,873 9%

Manage Terrestrial Habitat $74,111 $79,551 $1,842 -$6,182 $75,211 -8%

Provide Wildlife Interpretation & Education $10,650 $9,179 $228 -$20 $9,387 0%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management

Miles of stream habitat restored or 

enhanced 1,655 1,542 1,900 2,346 2,500 2,600 100

Acres of lake habitat restored or 

enhanced 15,996 13,002 12,500 18,290 18,000 18,000 0

Acres of terrestrial habitat enhanced 278,811 273,562 1,250,000 1,962,962 1,400,000 1,500,000 100,000

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $141,471,000 for Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management, 

an increase of $2,086,000 from FY 2009. Funds will be directed to activities that restore, recover, and 

maintain wildlife and fish – particularly rare animal and plant species – and their habitats on all national 

forests and grasslands. Funding will also support the continuing relationships with States, NGOs, and 

tribes, to actively manage wildlife and fisheries habitat and foster hundreds of habitat improvement 

partnership projects on national forests and grasslands. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Manage Aquatic Habitat (+$4,702,000) - The request of $56,873,000 will fund the restoration and 

enhancement of an estimated core accomplishment of 1,100 miles of streams and 12,500 acres of 

lakes. An additional accomplishment of 1,500 miles of streams and 5,500 acres of lakes is projected 

through partnerships or program integration. 

Priority will be for the recovery and conservation of the 92 threatened or endangered fish species, 64 

listed mussel, crustacean and aquatic species, and 440 aquatic sensitive species on national forests 

and grasslands. Habitat improvement projects to benefit multiple species, where possible, is 

emphasized. Coordinated planning with the Roads program for culvert replacement will reconnect 

fragmented stream segments. These actions are important for restoring salmon habitat, fishing 

opportunities guaranteed by treaty to tribes, and facilitating life cycle range movements for 

endangered and sensitive aquatic species. 

In FY 2008, the agency improved 2,346 miles of stream and 18,290 acres of lake habitats which 

exceeded the planned level by 23 percent and 46 percent respectively. Hundreds of partners invested 

National Forest System 7-16
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

both funds and labor to make significant contributions. Funds used for fisheries and aquatic 

endangered species were often leveraged with other program funds to provide for quality fisheries 

habitats, species recovery, and clean water. 

Manage Terrestrial Habitat (-$6,182,000) - The request of $75,211,000 enables the agency to 

improve terrestrial habitat on 250,000 acres, and will foster hundreds of partnerships with nongovernmental organizations that will result in improvement of an additional 200,000 acres. Close 

internal program integration will result in improvements on over a million additional acres of 

terrestrial habitat. For example, combined site specific actions such as using terrestrial habitat 

funding to provide nesting structures, hazardous fuels reduction funding for prescribed fire, and 

timber sale funds to reduce tree density, reap multiple natural resource benefits. One such result is 

providing improved habitat for the federally endangered red-cockaded woodpecker, endangered 

pitcher plant communities, the wild turkey, and bobwhite quail. 

This budget level supports the implementation of the 

President’s Executive Order 13443 “Facilitation of 

Hunting Heritage and Wildlife Conservation,” signed 

in 2007, which identifies Federal land management 

agency actions to support robust populations of 

wildlife for hunting and for hunter access. Each year, 

over 15.5 million people hunt on NFS lands and spend 

over $4 billion in adjacent communities. There are 

numerous restoration opportunities to help keep 

common terrestrial wildlife and plant species from 

becoming threatened or endangered, to maintain key 

habitats, and to contribute to the recovery of threatened and endangered species. Recovery and 

conservation activities for the more than 100 terrestrial wildlife species and the more than 150 listed 

plant species will be a priority. 

Gila National Forest Elk 

In cooperation with the New Mexico 

Department of Fish and Game, the Black 

Range Ranger District, Gila National Forest, 

treated 7,600 acres of ponderosa pine habitat 

understory to stimulate browse for elk, deer 

and wild turkey, and restore a natural cycle 

of disturbance into these fire dependent 

forested ecosystems. 

In FY 2008, the agency significantly exceeded its habitat improvement target by leveraging 

partnership funds and in-kind services, and made progress in contributing to recovery efforts of 151 

species listed as threatened or endangered. Close integration with other NFS programs related to 

forest health and fuels reduction also made important contributions to improving terrestrial habitats, 

particularly in the Southern Region. 

Provide Wildlife and Fish Interpretation and Education (-$20,000) - The request provides $9,387,000 

for wildlife and fish interpretation and education. This level of funding supports programs and 

projects that provide opportunities for the approximately 36 million people that visit national forests 

and grasslands to hunt, fish, and view and study nature, including plants, animals, rare species, 

habitats and ecosystems. 

Wildlife and fisheries environmental education programs connect adults and children with their 

natural heritage through a variety of agency’s initiatives such as “NatureWatch” and “Kids in the 

Woods” facilitating an increased awareness, understanding, and enjoyment of wildlife, fish, and their 

habitats. 

In FY 2008, relying on approximately 500 partnerships with NGOs, the Wildlife and Fisheries 

Habitat Management program reached nearly a million people.

National Forest System 7-17
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Climate Change 

Program emphasis includes addressing how climate change may affect fish and wildlife populations and 

habitats over time. Protecting high quality habitats, reconnecting fragmented landscapes, maintaining 

critical habitat corridors and engaging communities in habitat restoration efforts will provide the 

foundation for adaptive management strategies to address the impact of climate change on at-risk speices 

and habitats. Emerging scientific data regarding climate change will be incorporated in the evaluation of 

management actions and alternatives to facilitate implementation of successful species and habitat 

adaptation strategies. 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management program protects, restores, sustains, and enhances 

habitats for wildlife, fish, and rare plants on national forests and grasslands, and provides for their 

sustainable use and enjoyment by the public. National forests and grasslands contain some of America’s 

most important fish and wildlife habitats as well as botanically significant resources. These resources 

include over 200,000 miles of fishable streams, more than 2 million acres of lakes, 5 million acres of 

wetlands, 80 percent of the elk and bighorn sheep habitat in the lower 48 States, and 28 million acres of 

wild turkey habitat. Of the thousands of species of plants and animals within our national forests and 

grasslands, over 420 are listed as threatened or endangered, and 3,500 have been designated as sensitive 

and require special management to provide for their viability. The agency maintains recreational fishing 

opportunities for approximately 15 million anglers who fish on national forests and grasslands and spend 

more than $2.2 billion dollars in communities adjacent to NFS lands. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Manage Aquatic Habitat - Activities include actions to improve and restore native and endangered 

species habitat such as improving water quality, substrate, streambank, riparian and watershed habitat 

conditions; controlling aquatic invasive species; 

increasing fishing opportunities and access; 

monitoring species status and project effectiveness; 

and reducing stream habitat fragmentation primarily 

by identifying priorities for restoring fish passage. 

Developing tools to evaluate aquatic species 

adaptability and resilience to climate change has 

become an important aspect of this program. 

Manage Terrestrial Habitat - Activities include 

improving and restoring native and endangered plants 

and animals; maintaining important habitats such as 

early successional habitats and fire dependent 

ecosystems; seeding areas to improve forage conditions; developing drinking water sources in arid 

habitats; providing habitat to support harvestable populations of game species; reintroducing 

populations; restoring habitat conditions for sensitive, threatened, and endangered species; and 

monitoring species status and project effectiveness. 

Fish Habitats Reconnected 

In FY 2008, more than 340 fish passage 

barriers were removed and aging undersized 

stream crossing infrastructures replaced 

through the Federal Highways and the 

Legacy Roads and Trails programs. 

Chronic sediment sources were also repaired 

and over 580 miles of aquatic habitat 

reconnected. 

National Forest System 7-18
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Provide Wildlife and Fish Interpretation & Education - Activities include developing and 

maintaining permanent wildlife viewing sites; conservation education; disseminating information for 

hunting, fishing, and viewing opportunities; providing information about preventing, detecting, and 

controlling invasive species of wildlife and fish; and sponsoring special events such as “Nature 

Watch” and “Kids Fishing Days”. 

Allocation and Integration 

Each region receives a base level to ensure viable fish and wildlife programs are implemented on all 

national forests and grasslands. Investment opportunity factors are also applied, including partnerships 

and leveraging of allocated funds. Opportunities to improve fish and wildlife habitats and to protect and 

restore populations of endangered, threatened, and sensitive species are also an important factor. 

Coordination and integration among agency program areas has also become an important investment 

strategy to attain multiple benefits from single activities; and often results in more effective landscape 

level resource management. 

Partnerships 

The agency builds on direct program allocations through numerous partnerships, leveraging funds, and 

increasing accomplishments. Under the new State wildlife action plans our cooperation with States now 

includes a conservation emphasis on the species of 

highest conservation concern to the States. Under 

the National Fish Habitat Action Plan, the agency 

works closely with the other Federal and State 

agencies and conservation groups to prioritize fish 

habitat improvements across the nation and pool 

resources to implement projects. The U.S. Fish and 

Wildlife Service and NOAA Fisheries have been 

integral partners with us in the recovery efforts for 

the 425 species listed as threatened or endangered 

that depend on national forest and grassland 

habitats. Annually, the Wildlife and Fisheries 

Habitat Management program is engaged with 

approximately 2,000 partnerships, and the dollar 

and in-kind-services are valued at about $40 

million.

Rare Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 

A non-native predatory species of bullfrog has been 

removed from the Scotia Canyon in Coronado 

National Forest, Arizona. When these bullfrogs 

were introduced into the area in the 1970's, the 

native species disappeared. Removal of these 

bullfrogs enables the threatened Chiricahua leopard 

frog, endangered Sonora tiger salamander, sensitive 

Mexican garter snake, and other species, to 

recolonize or be reintroduced into their formerly 

occupied habitat. Partners in this project included 

the Arizona Game and Fish Department, the Nature 

Conservancy, the Sky Island Alliance, and the U. S. 

Fish and Wildlife Service. 

National Forest System 7-19
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Grazing Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Grazing Management

Annual Appropriations $48,163 $50,000 $765 -$816 $49,949 -2%

Grazing Management Total $48,163 $50,000 $765 -$816 $49,949 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 394 394 394

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 394 394 394

Grazing Management Activities

Manage Grazing Allotments $24,512 $25,823 $390 -$423 $25,790 -2%

Prepare Grazing Allotment NEPA $23,651 $24,177 $375 -$393 $24,159 -2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Grazing Management

Allotment acres administered to 

100% of Forest Plan standards 49,583,208 42,775,483 36,861,628 36,119,640 35,500,000 31,300,000 -4,200,000

Number of grazing allotments with 

signed decision notices 443 670 480 470 460 466 6

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $49,949,000 for Grazing Management, a decrease of $51,000 

in budget authority from FY 2009. The proposed program of work balances effective management of 

permitted livestock grazing on approximately 90 million acres of NFS lands with completion of grazing 

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analysis. Overall program emphasis will be to continue to 

meet the NEPA schedule established under the provisions of the Rescissions Act of 1995 (P.L. 104-19, 

section 504). Permit administration will remain at a reduced level to focus adequate resources on NEPA 

accomplishment. Program benefits include a sustainable supply of forage for livestock and wildlife, 

economic support for rural communities, and maintenance of open space and habitat connectivity across 

national forest and the associated private lands used for livestock production. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Manage Grazing Allotments (-$423,000) - The request provides $25,790,000 to administer an 

estimated 34 percent of grazing allotment acres to 100 percent of standard, down from 40 percent in 

FY 2008. The projected decrease in FY 2010 is a result of increased complexity in the grazing 

allotment administration workload. This is because many of the NEPA decisions incorporate 

adaptive management strategies that require an increase in both implementation and effectiveness 

monitoring. The “Allotment Acres Administered to 100% Forest Plan Standards” performance 

measure reflects the level of permit administration relative to implementation of all grazing 

management direction prescribed in land management plans, project level NEPA decisions, grazing 

permits or agreements, and other relevant documents. All grazing allotments are administered, 

although to varying degrees. While the agency’s total allotment administration capacity remains 

relatively flat, the ability to administer allotment acres to 100 percent standard decreases. Priority is 

placed on administering allotments with known critical resource issues, such as endangered species 

habitat. Administering allotments to standard assures that management actions identified during the 

NEPA process are meeting the desired outcomes, and that adaptive strategies are implemented when 

the initial actions are not effective. 

National Forest System 7-20
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The Forest Service accomplished 98 percent the FY 2008 target for grazing permit administration. 

As additional grazing allotment NEPA analyses are completed, the cumulative administration 

workload to implement these decisions increases. 

Prepare Grazing Allotment NEPA (-$393,000) - The request provides $24,159,000 to complete 

grazing NEPA analysis and decisions for an estimated 466 grazing allotments. The proposed funding 

level will allow the agency to capitalize on the momentum for grazing NEPA accomplishment within 

the agency. Recognizing that many of the most controversial and complex allotments are still on the 

horizon for analysis; the program reflects an anticipated increase in NEPA analysis unit costs. The 

proposed funding level supports the agency’s commitment to meet the NEPA schedule. Effective 

NEPA analysis and decisions ensure livestock grazing strategies provide for the restoration and longterm sustainability of rangeland vegetation and dependent resources. 

In FY 2008, the agency completed NEPA analysis for 470 allotments or 98 percent of the target, 111 

of which utilized the categorical exclusion authority provided by Congress that expired at the end of 

FY 2008. The agency will be challenged to maintain this level of NEPA accomplishment. A 

significant percentage of NEPA accomplished during the previous three fiscal years was on 

allotments that met the criteria for utilizing the categorical exclusion authority. A large percentage of 

those allotments remaining on the agency’s NEPA schedule are more complex, and the associated 

data collection and environmental analyses will have to be extremely thorough in order to support

effective decisions. 

 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Grazing Management program manages diverse rangeland resources on approximately 90 million 

acres of NFS lands to maintain a sustainable supply of forage for livestock and wildlife. The Forest 

Service works with nearly 8,700 permit holders on 7,700 active grazing allotments. The program seeks to 

maintain open space and habitat connectivity by linking NFS grazing authorizations to privately owned 

lands managed for agricultural production, and to support the nation’s rural communities by helping 

sustain the ranching and farming lifestyle. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Manage Grazing Allotments – Provides for the administration of grazing permits, including the 

issuance of grazing permits, processing permit transfers, preparation, and processing of bills for 

collection, and the development of annual operating instructions. In addition, administration to 100 

percent standard requires both compliance and effectiveness monitoring. Compliance monitoring 

determines if the terms and conditions of the grazing authorization are being implemented by the 

grazing permittee. Effectiveness monitoring determines whether the evaluated acres meet, do not 

meet, or are moving towards resource objectives identified in the land management plan or other 

appropriate decision document, and determine whether additional monitoring or adjustments in 

management are required. 

Prepare Grazing Allotment NEPA – Involves all elements of NEPA compliance pertaining to 

decisions authorizing grazing on an allotment, including the resolution of appeals and litigation 

associated with these decisions. This activity includes inventory of rangeland resource conditions; 

managing public involvement in the decision process; coordination with Federal, State, tribal, and 

local governments; development of alternatives; analysis of environmental effects; and the 

National Forest System 7-21
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

preparation of the NEPA document. The agency strives to incorporate adaptive management into 

grazing NEPA decisions. These strategies are designed to maximize management flexibility for the 

grazing permittee, with increased accountability for success in meeting desired resource condition.

Allocation and Integration 

Funding is allocated to the field based on criteria that include the number of term grazing permits, the 

number of acres in active allotments, scheduled NEPA, and the number of grazing allotments with NEPA 

decisions during the previous three fiscal years. Adjustments may then be made between regions based 

on regional capability information or to mitigate situations where proposed allocations would create 

undesirable transition effects. 

The Grazing Management program is closely integrated with the Manage Rangeland Vegetation activity 

of the Vegetation and Watershed Management program. Monitoring of rangeland vegetation within 

grazing allotments, funded through the Vegetation and Watershed Management program, is necessary to 

determine the health of rangeland ecosystems, as well as to determine if implemented management 

actions are resulting in attainment of desired resource conditions. Data gathered through this monitoring 

is also utilized to prepare grazing NEPA analyses and for making subsequent decisions for allotment 

management. 

Partnerships

The agency supplements its capability to accomplish grazing permit administration through a variety of 

partnerships. Grazing permittees may be certified to conduct utilization monitoring, and may provide 

documentation demonstrating compliance with livestock distribution and other management 

requirements. Special interest groups also enter into agreements to conduct implementation monitoring, 

often in coordination with the grazing permittee. 

National Forest System 7-22
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Forest Products 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Forest Products

Annual Appropriations $322,503 $332,666 $5,763 -$9,470 $328,959 -3%

Forest Products Total $322,503 $332,666 $5,763 -$9,470 $328,959 -3%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2,565 2,565 2,530

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2,565 2,565 2,530

Forest Products Activities

Plan & Prepare Timber Sales $229,531 $242,809 $4,046 -$621 $246,234 0%

Administer Timber Sales $92,972 $89,857 $1,717 -$8,849 $82,725 -10%

Special Forest Products $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Products

Volume of timber sold (hundred 

cubic feet (CCF)) 2,956,316 3,111,523 5,598,400 4,753,979 4,994,500 4,827,800 -166,700

Volume of timber sold (million board 

feet (MMBF)) 1,530 1,610 2,800 2,484 2,498 2,414 -84

Volume of timber harvested (CCF) 4,427,703 3,794,744 5,400,000 3,939,551 3,800,000 3,968,000 168,000

Volume of timber harvested (MMBF) 2,296 1,960 2,700 2,049 1,900 1,984 84

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $328,959,000 for Forest Products, a decrease of $3,707,000 in 

budget authority from FY 2009. Funding is requested to analyze, prepare, offer for sale, award, and 

administer timber sales, stewardship contracts, and special forest products permits on the national forests. 

The Forest Products budget request will support the sale of about 4,195,000 hundred cubic feet (CCF)—

about 2,098 million board feet (MMBF)—and an additional 632,800 CCF (about 316 MMBF) of timber 

volume using permanent and trust funds for a total unified planned accomplishment of 4,827,800 CCF 

(about 2,414 MMBF). 

The budget reflects a shift from production forestry to restoration forestry. Program funds will place 

additional emphasis upon ecological restoration of the National Forest System, the repair of its 

ecosystems, and their ability to adapt to—and potentially mitigate the effects of—climate change. These 

efforts require the fuller and more systematic use of the latest science to develop new, more complex 

approaches to silviculture and landscape management. 

 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Plan and Prepare Timber Sales (-$621,000) – The request includes $246,234,000 to plan and prepare 

timber sales, stewardship contracts, and special forest products permits. The funds would support the 

continued analysis and field preparation of sales and permits leading to their offer or sale in FY 2010 

and future years. These timber sales, contracts, and permits are important tools the agency has to 

accomplish hazardous fuels reduction, wildlife habitat restoration, and other land management 

objectives in the most cost efficient manner. The increase in funding for timber sale planning and 

National Forest System 7-23
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

preparation results from the commensurate reduction in sale administration funding as more emphasis 

is placed on increasing the timber sale pipeline volume. 

In FY 2008, the agency accomplished 3,384,568 CCF (1,754 MMBF) with Forest Products funds plus 

an additional core accomplishment of 1,369,411 CCF (730 MMBF) using other permanent and trust 

funds for a total of 4,753,979 CCF (2,484 MMBF) or about 85 percent of the unified timber volume 

sold target. The agency did not meet the planned level due to continuing appeals and litigation, and 

declines in the forests products market which led to about 650,000 CCF (about 325 MMBF) of sale 

offerings that had no bids. 

Administer Timber Sales (-$8,849,000) – The request includes $82,725,000 to administer timber sale 

contracts and permits, and special forest products sales to meet local and national needs. The Forest 

Service expects to harvest about 3,968, 00 CCF (about 1,984 MMBF) of timber volume in FY 2010, 

compared to about 3,800,000 CCF (about 1,900 MMBF) in FY 2009. The request would support 

continued administrative oversight and field presence during timber harvesting operations, insuring 

that these operations meet all appropriate contractual provisions and environmental protection 

standards. The funding would also be used to prepare, issue, and administer special forest products 

permits. Reduced funding for this activity would result from the increased emphasis on building the 

timber sale pipeline. 

In FY 2008, the agency accomplished 3,939,551 CCF (2,049 MMBF) of timber volume harvested or 

73 percent of the target using Forest Products funds, and permanent and trust funds. The reduced 

accomplishment is a result of timber sale volume that remains under contract in the present declining 

timber products market. In addition, timber made available in FY 2008 under the agency’s free use 

authority totaled about 39,700 CCF (about 20 MMBF) with a value of about $243,000, as well as 

special forest products with a value of about $221,000. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Products program utilizes timber sale contracts as a least-cost means to achieve vegetative 

management objectives on the national forests. These objectives include wildlife habitat maintenance and 

improvement, hazardous fuels reduction, and watershed restoration where trees with commercial value 

are removed. Forest products provide significant economic benefits to local communities. The program 

promotes the removal of small diameter material which can be used as a bio-energy source. 

The net annual growth of growing stock on timberland on the national forests is estimated to be about 

four billion cubic feet, or enough wood to build about one million houses. Timber sales and permits 

provide forest products in a sustainable manner that responds to the nation’s demand, while moving forest 

resources toward desired conditions. Revenues from forest product sales return funds to the U.S. 

Treasury and help offset the costs of national forest management. 

Stewardship contracting, also funded within this program, facilitates the accomplishment of various 

resource management objectives, including reduced fuels in the wildland urban interface, improved forest 

health, and enhanced wildlife habitat, while meeting the economic needs of local and rural communities. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

 

Plan and Prepare Timber Sales – This activity involves development of the proposed action, 

identification of alternatives for consideration, and NEPA analysis in determining how best to meet 

National Forest System 7-24
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

long term forest health and desired condition objectives. In addition to NEPA analysis, this activity 

includes determining the volume and value of the trees to be removed, timber sale layout and design, 

and timber sale contract and permit preparation. This activity also includes the planning and preparing 

for special forest product sales. Benefits include utilizing the timber sale process to meet a broad 

variety of forest resource objectives, including fuel hazard reduction, long term habitat condition and 

diversity objectives and production of forest products. 

Administer Timber Sales – This activity includes the oversight of timber sale contracts, to ensure that 

terms and conditions are being fulfilled by the contractor and that desired condition objectives are 

being met. Considerable coordination occurs with purchasers on annual operating plans, potential 

contract modifications, and financial transactions. This activity also includes the administration of 

personal use permits for firewood, Christmas trees, ornamentals, floral components, berries, and other 

forest products. Bookkeeping associated with timber sales includes such actions as issuing bills for 

collection, processing payments and refunds, maintaining bonds, and managing the accounting 

system records. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funding allocations are based on competitive criteria that compare regional capabilities and needs, 

including improving fire regime condition class, responding to forest insect and disease infestations, 

dependence of local industry on the supply of forest products from National Forest System lands, the 

value provided by the materials harvested, the unit cost of preparing timber sales, and performance. 

Integration with other resource programs achieves multiple resource management objectives, such as 

reducing the risk of wildfire to communities. These objectives are accomplished through the use of one 

or more innovative new authorities, including the application of receipts from timber sales toward the 

accomplishment of resource work. 

In addition to appropriations, timber sales are funded through other special authorities, including the 

Salvage Sale Fund, the Timber Sale Pipeline Restoration Fund, the Knutson-Vandenberg Fund, and the 

Stewardship Contracting Fund. All of these special funds receive a portion of the revenues received from 

timber sales. 

Partnerships 

Stewardship contracts and agreements are a means of managing natural resources in collaboration with 

local communities, providing opportunities to achieve land and natural resource management goals while 

promoting closer public-private working relationships. Using a broad range of activities, stewardship 

contracting enables the agency to contribute to the development of sustainable rural communities, restore 

and maintain healthy forest ecosystems, and provide a continuing source of local income and 

employment. 

In FY 2008, the Forest Service entered into stewardship contracts on 65,890 acres, resulting in the sale of 

about 678,328 CCF (about 339 MMBF) of timber volume. Thus, stewardship contracting now comprises 

about 14 percent of the overall timber sale program. As the use of stewardship contracting increases, 

timber sale contractors grow increasingly important in helping the agency achieve desired vegetation 

management objectives. 

National Forest System 7-25
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Components and Costs of the Timber Sales Program 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 

CUBIC FEET 2008 2009 2010 

Final Enacted Proposed 

National Forest System Forest Products

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $322,503 $332,666 $328,959 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 3,384,568 4,242,200 4,195,000 

Salvage Sale Fund

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $43,939 $46,000 $41,080 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 871,054 511,000 338,100 

Knutson - Vandenberg Funds (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $21,061 $12,300 $10,000 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 340,738 241,300 294,700 

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund (Sale Preparation only)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $3,362 $3,000 $2,100 

Purchaser Election – Vegetation Work (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $15,000 $0 $0 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 157,619 0 0 

Total, Timber Sales Program

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $405,865 $393,966 $382,139 

 Volume Sold (CCF) 4,753,979 4,994,500 4,827,800 

 Average unit cost ($/CCF) $85.37 $78.88 $79.15 

Total, Timber Harvested (CCF) 3,939,551 3,800,000 3,968,000 

Road Construction/Reconstruction for Timber Sales and Land

Stewardship Contracting (Dollars in thousands)

 Forest Service Engineering Support for Forest Products $38,600 $47,500 $48,800 

National Forest System 7-26
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Components and Costs of the Timber Sales Program 

FY 2008 – FY 2010 

BOARD FEET 2008 2009 2010 

Final Enacted Proposed 

National Forest System Forest Products

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $322,503 $332,666 $328,959 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 1,754 2,121 2,098 

Salvage Sale Fund

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $43,939 $46,000 $41,080 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 472 256 169 

Knutson -Vandenberg Funds (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $21,061 $12,300 $10,000 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 179 121 147 

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund (Sale Preparation only) 

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $3,362 $3,000 $2,100 

Purchaser Election (with Forest Products produced)

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $15,000 $0 $0 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 79 0 0 

Total, Timber Sales Program

 Funding (Dollars in thousands) $405,865 $393,966 $382,139 

 Volume Sold (MMBF) 2,484 2,498 2,414 

 Average unit cost ($/MBF) $163.39 $157.71 $158.30 

Total, Timber Harvest (MMBF) 2,049 1,900 1,984 

Road Construction/Reconstruction for Timber Sales and Land

Stewardship Contracting (Dollars in thousands)

 Forest Service Engineering Support for Forest Products $38,600 $47,500 $48,800 

National Forest System 7-27
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Vegetation and Watershed Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Vegetation & Watershed Management

Annual Appropriations $177,437 $180,437 $3,349 -$1,500 $182,286 -1%

Vegetation & Watershed Management Total $177,437 $180,437 $3,349 -$1,500 $182,286 -1%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1,207 1,207 1,200

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,207 1,207 1,200

Vegetation & Watershed Management Activities

Improve Forest Vegetation $36,085 $36,853 $623 $129 $37,605 0%

Establish Forest Vegetation $37,022 $37,374 $472 -$6,169 $31,677 -17%

Manage Rangeland Vegetation $21,633 $22,123 $442 -$20 $22,545 0%

Maintain & Improve Watershed Conditions $56,351 $57,054 $1,279 $1,817 $60,150 3%

Manage Noxious Weeds & Invasive Plants $21,506 $22,264 $431 $2,799 $25,494 13%

Manage Air Quality $4,840 $4,769 $102 -$56 $4,815 -1%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Vegetation & Watershed Management

Acres of forest vegetation improved 62,185 60,658 155,908 240,058 173,222 257,200 83,978

Acres of forest vegetation established 33,827 73,921 244,502 210,945 298,620 222,855 -75,765

Acres of rangeland vegetation 

improved 1,755,824 2,021,505 1,794,000 867,748 1,747,303 1,875,000 127,697

Acres of watershed improvement 16,934 27,297 36,550 105,288 55,055 55,000 -55

Acres of noxious weeds and invasive 

plants treated 79,069 128,223 230,924 258,261 234,674 210,000 -24,674

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $182,286,000 for Vegetation and Watershed Management, an 

increase of $1,849,000 in budget authority over FY 2009. The proposed FY 2010 program of work 

increases the emphasis on watershed restoration; invasive plant species control and timber stand 

improvement. Reforestation of areas impacted by wildfire and other natural events continues to be an 

agency priority. However, funding and targets for the Establish Forest Vegetation activity has decreased 

from FY 2009. This is due to: 1) the inclusion of 75,000 acres in the FY 2009 target funded with the 

emergency supplemental rehabilitation and restoration funds provided by Congress in P.L. 110-329; 2) 

time and infrastructure constraints to the agency’s capability to ramp up seedling production; and 3) an 

integrated approach by the agency to meet reforestation, watershed restoration, hazardous fuels reduction, 

and invasive species control objectives. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Improve Forest Vegetation (+$129,000) - The request of $37,605,000 will fund an estimated 95,360 

acres of timber stand improvement (TSI). An additional 61,960 acres of core accomplishments are 

projected utilizing the Reforestation Trust Fund and the Knudson-Vandenberg Act funds. The 

agency will continue to integrate accomplishment of high priority TSI needs with opportunities for 

hazardous fuels reduction and community protection. An additional accomplishment of 99,880 acres 

National Forest System 7-28
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

is projected through program integration and community partnerships. The agency will also continue 

to accomplish program goals through stewardship contracts. The current needs for TSI to meet long 

term forest health and desired condition objectives exceed two million acres. 

Benefits include improvement of stand density, composition and structure to meet forest health and 

habitat needs; reduction of hazardous fuel levels; and improved future product quality. TSI also 

generates a sustainable supply of biomass for bio-energy production, including personal use firewood, 

and, where demand exists, material for commercial heating plants and electricity production. This 

material will also be available for sustainable production of bio-fuels as this technology becomes 

available. 

In FY 2008, the agency improved vegetation on 240,058 acres or 154 percent of the planned target. 

Actual timber stand improvement (TSI) accomplishments were significantly above projected 

accomplishment levels due to highly effective integration with the hazardous fuels reduction program 

in meeting TSI objectives. FY 2010 unified outputs have been adjusted upward to reflect additional 

accomplishments through program integration. 

Establish Forest Vegetation (-$6,169,000) - The request of $31,677,000 will fund reforestation on 

approximately 62,515 acres. The agency will reforest an additional 160,340 acres utilizing the 

Reforestation Trust Fund, the Knutson-Vandenberg Act funds, and using funds provided by P.L. 110-

329 appropriated late in FY 2008 for wildfire rehabilitation and restoration, and through partnership 

and integrated accomplishments. Approximately 1,000,000 acres of NFS lands have been identified 

as in need of reforestation. This assessment may increase as evaluations of the FY 2008 fires are 

completed. Actual accomplishments can vary significantly, depending on the type of treatment 

necessary to meet restoration objectives and the cost of that treatment. For example, unit costs for 

seeding are significantly lower than growing and planting seedlings. 

The benefits of reforestation include soil stabilization and restoration of appropriate forest cover on 

impacted lands. These actions reduce the potential for severe erosion and flooding. 

In FY 2008, 210,945 acres were accomplished, which was 86 percent of the target. The agency’s 

capability is limited by the availability of nursery stock for planting. However, due to the trend of 

increased wildfire activity, and recognizing the need to ramp up nursery production capacity, the 

agency has developed and implemented a strategy to increase nursery production to meet projected 

reforestation needs. As increased seedling production comes on line, additional accomplishment will 

be realized in future fiscal years. 

Manage Rangeland Vegetation (-$20,000) - The request of $22,545,000 will fund rangeland 

vegetation improvement on 1,875,000 acres, through a combination of core (175,000 acres) and 

integrated (1,700,000 acres) accomplishments. The request will also fund monitoring on 

approximately 4 million grazing allotment acres in support of completing grazing NEPA analyses on 

almost 480 allotments. The majority of rangeland vegetation improvement will occur through 

improved grazing management achieved by implementation of grazing NEPA decisions, and 

providing an estimated 95 percent of the unified rangeland improvement accomplishments. The 

request also provides for the capture and care of excess wild horse and burro populations. Benefits 

from this work include improved rangeland vegetation that meets rangeland health and habitat needs, 

stabilization of watersheds through soil protection and watershed restoration, and improved forage 

quality. 

In FY 2008, 867,748 acres were accomplished or 48 percent of the target. In FY 2008, the 

performance measure definition for acres of rangeland vegetation improved was revised which lead to 

National Forest System 7-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

inconsistent reporting of the integrated component of this performance measure. In FY 2009, through 

increased awareness and training regarding the importance of integrated accomplishments toward 

meeting program performance objectives, the agency anticipates future accomplishment levels to be 

consistent with the projected performance plan above. 

Maintain and Improve Watershed Conditions

(+$1,817,000) - The request of $60,150,000 will fund 

watershed maintenance and improvement projects on 

approximately 25,000 acres. Close coordination with 

partners and integration with other vegetation 

management activity areas, engineering, and other 

resources will accomplish another 30,000 acres, for a 

unified target of 55,000 acres of watershed 

improvement in FY 2010. 

Work under this activity includes treatments to protect, 

maintain, improve or restore water or soil resources. 

Activities are guided by the Agency’s water strategy 

and include five areas of investment emphasis: surface 

water, soils, water rights and uses, riparian areas and 

wetlands, and ground water. These activity areas 

coordinate and implement various actions that support many beneficial ecosystem services 

fundamental to life, including clean water, sustainable water flows and levels, terrestrial and aquatic 

habitat, productive soils, stable hillsides, recreation, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and 

primary productivity. Currently, about 30 percent of NFS watersheds are in good condition. These 

investments will help maintain the core components of functioning ecosystems, enhance watershed 

resiliency in the face of climate change, and help meet the increasing demand for water resources. 

Merrill and Davies Creeks – Tahoe NF 

The Tahoe NF, the local Truckee River 

Watershed Council, and community 

volunteers accomplished a multi-year 

program to restore Merrill and Davies 

Creeks. Projects were dispersed over 12 

sites to restore over 200 acres of meadow 

and 5 miles of stream channel. The 

hydrologic connection between the stream 

and floodplain was reestablished, raising 

water tables and restoring wet meadows. 

Project benefits include reduced erosion, 

improved streamflow, and improved fish 

and wildlife habitat. 

In FY 2008, the watershed program accomplished 105,288 acres of improvements or 288 percent of 

the target. This increase was due in part to higher then expected levels of accomplishment due to 

partnerships with outside agencies and higher than anticipated levels accomplished internally through 

other resource areas. FY 2008 was the first year of unified target and accomplishment reporting, 

which includes integrated and partnership activities in addition to core program, therefore initial 

estimates were a projection. The definition for watershed improvements has been adjusted to more 

effectively clarify what constitutes an improvement for watershed resources. Based on the refinement 

of the accomplishment definition and the FY 2008 performance, the FY 2010 target was adjusted 

upwards to 55,000 acres. 

Manage Noxious Weeds and Invasive Plants (+$2,799,000) - The request of $25,494,000 will fund 

invasive plant treatment on approximately 135,000 acres of NFS land. An additional 25,300 acres of 

core accomplishments are projected utilizing Knudson-Vandenberg Act funds. Integrated and 

partnership accomplishments are projected at 49,700 acres, for an estimated unified accomplishment 

level of 210,000 acres. 

Data collected from Forest Service regions indicates that approximately six to eight million acres of 

NFS lands are infested with invasive plants. The priority for the agency’s noxious weed and invasive 

plants program is prevention, early detection, eradication, and control of terrestrial noxious weeds. 

As the agency shifts focus toward increased treatment efficacy (including increased monitoring), 

treatment unit costs are increasing. Through increased emphasis on efficient treatments, the Forest 

Service expects to more effectively eradicate new infestations before they get a strong foothold, and 

to more effectively control targeted established infestations. 

National Forest System 7-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

In FY 2008, forests leveraged funds to accomplish 258,261 acres of invasive plant control or 112 

percent of the planned target. This accomplishment level exceeded expectations due in large part to 

supplemental funding for recovery of burned watersheds, coupled with effective cooperation and 

integration with State and county invasive species control programs. 

Manage Air Quality (-$56,000) - The request of $4,815,000 will help sustain important Forest Service 

relationships with States, EPA and other Federal agencies for managing and protecting air quality; 

monitoring the effects of air pollution on aquatic, terrestrial, and visibility related resources; 

managing the air quality effects of agency actions, including prescribed burning, and oil and gas 

leasing; and weather monitoring to support fire and smoke management activities. The relationships 

and monitoring network stewarded by this program is vital to mission critical activities related to 

climate change, water quality management, and compliance with the Clean Air Act. 

Air quality on the 88 Class I wilderness areas within the National Forest System was monitored, 

approximately 1,500 remote weather stations were maintained and operated, and approximately 100 

Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permits analyzed. This resulted in identification and 

implementation of mitigation measures for a variety of projects and facilities with potential air quality 

impacts, located both off and on NFS lands, to assure compliance with air quality standards. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Vegetation and Watershed Management program is the cornerstone of forest and rangeland 

restoration and enhancement activities on NFS lands. The program funds restoration-related management 

activities and accomplishes program objectives through integrated and partnership opportunities. Benefits 

include improved wildlife and fish habitat; improved range and forest stand conditions; improved water 

quality, quantity, and timing of stream flows; cleaner air; and effective, long-term carbon sequestration. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Improve Forest Vegetation - Provides for release treatments through removal of competing 

vegetation; pre-commercial thinning to regulate stand density, composition, and structure; pruning 

treatments to reduce ladder fuels and improve future product quality; and fertilization treatments to 

maintain and improve soil quality. Benefits accomplished through integrated vegetation management 

include improved forest health and productivity; hazardous fuel reductions, improved forest resiliency 

to impact by drought, insects, and disease; and meeting wildlife habitat diversity objectives. In 

addition, timber stand improvement provides excess biomass to support sustainable energy 

production. 

 

Establish Forest Vegetation - Provides for maintaining appropriate forest cover on all forestlands. 

Also improves the quality and yield of the timber resource by accelerating the attainment of desired 

species composition. Activities include artificial regeneration, seeding, and natural regeneration. 

Seed collection provides for annual tree seedling production. Other key elements of this program 

include nursery operations to produce high quality tree seedlings; seed banking; and genetic resource 

improvement of seed and planting stock to enhance growth, yield, and long-term forest health. 

Benefits include restoration of forest vegetation impacted by wildfire, floods, and hurricanes and the 

establishment of forest vegetation that is resilient to the effects of climate change. 

National Forest System 7-31
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Manage Rangeland Vegetation - Provides for rangeland vegetation improvement, rangeland resource 

status and trend monitoring, and wild horse and burro management. Rangeland vegetation 

improvement is accomplished through revegetation, mechanical treatments, prescribed fire, and 

structural improvements. Monitoring of rangeland vegetation is used to determine rangeland health 

in support of collaborative watershed restoration efforts, as well as to determine if implemented 

management actions are resulting in attainment of desired resource conditions. Data gathered through 

this monitoring is also utilized to prepare grazing NEPA analyses and for making subsequent 

decisions for allotment management, including implementation of adaptive management strategies 

that are incorporated into many decisions. Wild horse and burro management is achieved through 

collaborative planning, population and resource monitoring, and population management. Funds for 

this activity also provide for the long term care and feeding of excess wild horse and burro 

populations that are removed from NFS land, but are not adopted. 

Maintain and Improve Watershed Conditions - Provides for conservation, maintenance and 

improvement of the soil and water resources that sustain healthy watersheds. This will be 

accomplished through restoring wet meadow habitat, reducing soil compaction, reducing downward 

cutting of the streambeds, stabilizing stream banks, and treating sediment sources. Natural drainages 

are restored and sediment sources treated on abandoned roads left on the landscape that are no longer 

managed as a part of the transportation system. Water and soil conservation and maintenance are 

achieved by implementing best management practices (BMPs). Watershed conditions are assessed 

and compared with desired conditions to inform subsequent management activities to prioritize 

enhancement opportunities. This activity also includes managing water rights and adjudication 

processes to help sustain desirable flows. 

Superior National Forest and the State 

of Minnesota promote superior air 

quality! 

Effects of air pollution, such as mercury and 

lead deposition in lakes, are closely monitored 

to help determine potential impacts to fish and 

wildlife, including the State bird, the loon. 

The Forest, State, tribes, and volunteer 

organizations coordinate to capture fish and 

loons and test them for levels of accumulated 

heavy metals. 

Manage Noxious Weeds and Invasive Plants – Provides for the prevention, detection, containment, 

and eradication of invasive plant infestations across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. All invasive 

species (including invasive plants and noxious weeds) management activities are guided by agency 

policy and the USDA Forest Service National Strategy and Implementation Plan for Invasive Species 

Management. Benefits include control and 

prevention of new infestations of invasive plants on 

areas disturbed by natural events, restoration of 

ecosystem function on areas impacted by existing 

infestations, and public education and prevention of 

inadvertent introduction of new infestations through 

recreation or other land use activities. 

Managing Air Quality - Provides for the protection 

of sensitive areas from air pollution effects and 

mitigating effects of management activities. 

Activities include review of State prepared regional 

haze implementation plans; review of PSD permits; 

monitoring of air quality effects including visibility; 

lake and stream chemistry; and maintenance and operation of remote weather stations. These 

activities are necessary to ensure compliance with the Clean Air Act and are the basis for agency 

responses to hundreds of applications annually for private sector development of energy related 

industries. In addition, this long-term data record will contribute to assessing impacts of climate 

change to natural resources. The program manages about 1,500 remote, surface-based weather 

observation stations nationally for development of national fire danger ratings. Weather forecasts are 

provided in support of fire suppression and smoke management activities. 

National Forest System 7-32
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Allocation and Integration 

Allocations to the field are developed using criteria specific to each activity, although activities that can 

be used to accomplish similar work may be evaluated together. The results of applying allocation criteria 

for each activity are then evaluated against the capability information submitted by the regions which may 

result in distribution adjustments. Examples of allocation criteria include: total need identified by the 

regions, previous accomplishment levels, unit costs, and high priority restoration need created by fires 

and other natural events. Adjustments may also be made based on evaluation of program delivery across 

budget line items to ensure integrated and synergistic program implementation. Examples include 

evaluating the Hazardous Fuels program needs and budget distribution in concert with the Improve Forest 

Vegetation activity. Another example is integrating rangeland vegetation monitoring with grazing NEPA 

analysis. 

Partnerships 

Using existing authorities, the Forest Service has entered into partnership agreements with several 

organizations (including American Forests, the National Arbor Day Foundation, and the National Garden 

Clubs) and businesses to increase the amount of NFS lands receiving reforestation treatments following 

catastrophic wildfires and other natural events. Through these partnerships, the Forest Service has 

planted over 6 million tree seedlings on approximately 15,000 acres. 

In addition, the agency works with Federal, State, and non-governmental partners to maintain and 

improve watershed health. Partner funding and in-kind contributions often match agency program funds 

and may be as high as 5:1 for some projects. 

Stewardship contracting facilitates the accomplishment of various resource management objectives, 

including reduced fuels in the wildland urban interface, timber stand improvement and improved forest 

health, and enhanced wildlife habitat, in collaboration with and meeting the needs of local and rural 

communities. Stewardship provides the Forest Service a means to contribute to the development of 

sustainable rural communities, restore and maintain healthy forest ecosystems, and provide a continuing 

source of local income and employment. 

National Forest System 7-33
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Minerals and Geology Management

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Minerals & Geology Management

Annual Appropriations $84,143 $85,470 $1,180 $0 $86,650 0%

Minerals & Geology Management Total $84,143 $85,470 $1,180 $0 $86,650 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 514 514 514

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 514 514 514

Minerals & Geology Management Activities

Administer Minerals Operations $31,193 $29,274 $464 -$412 $29,326 -1%

Process Mineral Applications $23,395 $22,047 $348 $352 $22,747 2%

Manage Geologic Resources & Hazards $8,984 $8,460 $134 -$329 $8,265 -4%

AML Safety Risk Mitigated $7,885 $6,269 $102 $798 $7,169 13%

Manage Environmental Compliance $3,218 $2,774 $44 -$139 $2,679 -5%

Manage Environmental Restoration $9,468 $16,646 $88 -$270 $16,464 -2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Minerals & Geology Management

Number of mineral operations 

administered 15,152 11,718 12,275 14,857 13,500 12,350 -1,150

Number of mineral applications 

processed 11,632 10,604 6,905 12,649 11,000 9,840 -1,160

Number of new Applications for 

Permits to Drill (APDs) processed 

within prescribed timeframes 115 502 325 109 325 325 0

Number of AML safety risk features 

mitigated to "no further action" 346 403 506 494 506 490 -16

Number of administrative units 

where audits were conducted 20 0 34 28 26 28 2

Number of contaminated sites 

mitigated N/A N/A 31 47 21 21 0

Table notes: 1) FY2007 “Number of mineral applications processed” was redefined 

2) FY2008 accomplishments for Number of AML safety risk features mitigated to “no further action” represent planned completion 

of multi-year projects. In FY 2006-2007, planned accomplishments included on-going multi-year projects that would not be 

completed until future years. 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $86,650,000 for Minerals and Geology Management, an 

increase of $1,180,000 in budget authority over FY 2009. The program will emphasize environmental 

review of proposed operations, including processing the backlog of oil and gas lease applications. Other 

priorities include inspection and monitoring of ongoing mineral operations; providing professional 

expertise to ensure watershed health and public safety; and management of significant geologic resources. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Administer Mineral Operations (-$412,000) - The request of $29,326,000 will fund the administration 

of an estimated 12,350 active mineral operations in FY 2010. The program will emphasize meeting 

minimum administration levels to ensure compliance with operating plan requirements, to ensure 

meeting specific environmental standards and protecting resources. 

National Forest System 7-34
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

In FY 2008, the agency administered 14,857 mineral operations or 121 percent of target. The 

increase in accomplishment is due in part to market conditions resulting in high commodity prices 

which led to an increase in the number of active operations requiring administration. Because the 

number of operations requiring administration in a given year is tied to external factors such as 

fluctuating markets, predicting actual accomplishment is difficult. 

Process Mineral Applications (+$352,000) - The request of $22,747,000 will fund processing an 

estimated 9,840 mineral applications in FY 2010. The actual number of applications received in FY 

2010 may vary significantly due to market influences and variable demand for mineral resources from 

NFS lands. Processing mineral applications provides a valuable service to the public and ensures 

environmental standards and considerations are met. The energy component of this activity will 

focus on increasing opportunities for development and supply of oil and gas, coal, and geothermal 

resources from Federal lands, in support of the Energy Policy Act (EPA) of 2005. The EPA pilot 

offices will continue to help the agency efficiently process energy leasing and permit applications, 

particularly with respect to eliminating the backlog of oil and gas lease nominations and surface use 

plan of operations (SUPOs) relative to applications for permits to drill (APDs). 

In FY 2008 the agency processed 12,649 mineral applications or 183 percent of target. The increase 

in accomplishment is due in part to the variability of the market and uncertainty of the number of 

requests from the public. While budget emphasis on processing was reduced in FY 2008, resulting in 

a reduced target compared to previous years, the agency is statutorily required to process mineral 

operations. However, the agency processed 109 SUPOs in support of APDs within prescribed 

timeframes or 34 percent of planned accomplishment. Pending litigation and court decisions have 

affected the performance of the energy minerals program. The majority of energy mineral 

applications submitted to the Forest Service cannot be processed until these legal and policy matters 

are resolved. 

Manage Geologic Resources and Hazards (-$329,000) - The request of $8,265,000 will fund the 

identification and management of an estimated 500 geologic resources and hazards. Identifying and 

managing geologic hazards provides for the health and safety of the public by protecting the 

infrastructure, soil, and groundwater. The geologic component of this activity provides information 

on geologic and paleontologic conditions informing land management decisions and project design, 

evaluates resources such as ground water, and protects sites that have scientific or educational use. 

In FY 2008, the agency managed 422 geologic hazards and 372 geologic resources for a combined 

accomplishment of 92 percent of the target. FY 2008 is the first year where targets were established 

for geologic hazards and geologic resources separately. Planned targets were based on the best 

estimate of ability to accomplish in the field. 

Abandoned Mine Land (AML) - Safety Risk Features Mitigated (+$798,000) - The request of 

$7,169,000 will fund the mitigation of an estimated 490 abandoned mine sites. The AML program 

focuses specifically on cleaning up abandoned mines in high priority watersheds. In addition to 

cleanup projects, the program is establishing an environmental management system that includes 

environmental compliance audits to systematically improve environmental performance of the 

agency. 

 

In FY 2008, the agency mitigated 494 safety risk features, or 98 percent of planned. 

Manage Environmental Compliance (-$139,000) - The request of $2,679,000 will fund 28 

environmental compliance audits. These audits are an important tool to assure that employee and 

National Forest System 7-35
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

public health and safety are protected through agency compliance with environmental laws and 

regulations. This activity also provides funding for emergency response to illegal drug labs and 

hazardous material spills within, or affecting, NFS lands. 

In FY 2008, the agency completed 28 environmental compliance audits or 82 percent of the target. 

Considerable staff time was devoted to firefighting activities in the Pacific Southwest Region which 

contributed to their shortfall in accomplishing audit activities. 

Manage Environmental Restoration (-$270,000) - The request of $16,464,000 will fund the 

mitigation of 21 known hazardous material sites on NFS lands. The costs for each site vary widely, 

as does the total number of identified sites. Cleanup of sites contaminated with hazardous materials is 

critical for the long-term protection of both surface and groundwater quality, as well as wildlife 

habitat, and public health and safety. Cleanup of hazardous substances on NFS lands improve and 

protect watershed conditions and human and ecological health. Beginning in FY 2010, the agency 

will no longer receive funds from the USDA Central Hazardous Materials Management 

Appropriation for use on Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 

(CERCLA) and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) cleanup projects. 

In FY 2008, the agency mitigated 47 contaminated hazardous material sites or 152 percent of target. 

The increase in accomplishment is due in part to identifying previously unknown sites in an area or 

drainage and adding those sites to an ongoing cleanup project at an economic cost savings. 

Program Description

Program Overview

The Minerals and Geology Management program is responsible for managing mineral and energy 

development activities, assessing geologic hazards and associated risks, interpreting and protecting 

geologic resources, controlling pollution, and cleaning up abandoned mines and other contaminated sites 

on 193 million acres of NFS lands. 

The value of all energy and mineral production from NFS lands typically exceeds $2 billion per year. 

Over 5 million acres of NFS lands are leased for oil, gas, coal, and phosphate. At any given time, the 

Forest Service administers operations on approximately 90,000 mining claims, and manages 

approximately 8,000 mineral material sale contracts. In addition, the Forest Service works to mitigate 

potential threats to the environment and human safety associated with thousands of abandoned mines and 

other contaminated sites located on NFS lands. NFS lands also contain geologic resources including 

caves and rare fossils, and are the largest single source of municipal water supply in the U.S., serving over 

66 million people in 33 states. 

The Minerals and Geology Management program is delivered through the following activities: 

Administer Mineral Operations – Provides for the inspection, oversight, and monitoring of approved 

mineral operations on NFS lands. Administration ensures compliance with approved plans, and with 

State and Federal environmental laws and regulations, for the protection of public health and safety. 

Process Mineral Applications – Provides for the review and approval of plans for proposed mineral 

activities including exploration and development of hardrock minerals under the authority of the 

Mining Act of 1872; coal, oil, gas, and geothermal exploration and production under the various 

mineral and geothermal leasing acts; and contracts for the extraction of mineral materials such as sand 

and gravel, by the public and local, State, and Federal agencies under the Materials Act of 1947. 

National Forest System 7-36
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Manage Geologic Resources and Hazards – Provides assessments of geologic settings and active 

geomorphic processes for land management planning, environmental protection and restoration, and 

cost effective management of roads, recreation sites and other infrastructure. Inventories and 

manages geologic resources such as caves and karst areas, paleontological resources, ground water, 

and ground water-dependent ecosystems, for their protection, study, and appropriate uses. Under this 

activity, the program identifies, assesses, and manages potential risks to public health and safety from 

soil and water contamination and geologic hazards, such as landslides, debris flows, and karst 

collapse features. 

Mitigate Abandoned Mine Lands (AML) Safety Risk Features – Provides for the inventory, 

assessment, and mitigation of abandoned mine safety hazards and associated environmental damage. 

This work includes closing underground mine openings and vertical shafts; re-contouring open pits, 

trenches, and associated roads; and removing or stabilizing abandoned buildings, equipment, and 

hazardous materials. Wherever feasible, AML work will minimize or mitigate adverse effects on 

AML dependent wildlife and cultural and historic resources. 

Manage Environmental Compliance – This activity funds a national audit program which assesses 

Forest Service compliance with environmental statutes and trains field personnel on compliance and 

pollution prevention. 

Manage Environmental Restoration - Environmental restoration provides for the inventory, 

assessment, and cleanup of sites where there is a release, or threat of release, of a hazardous 

substance, pollutant, or contaminant. Restoration could occur at AML and non-AML sites and 

involve CERCLA and non-CERCLA authorities. This restoration helps minimize or eliminate threats 

to human health and the environment. Cleanup projects are typically initiated under requirements of 

CERCLA, RCRA, or the Clean Water Act. 

Allocation and Integration 

Allocation criteria include projected workload in response to new and ongoing mineral exploration, 

development, production and reclamation activities; number of abandoned mines, the severity of existing 

hazards, and the probability of human contact; projected need for inventory, interpretation, and protection 

of geologic resources; number of required environmental audits; and nationally prioritized environmental 

cleanup projects. Adjustments may be made between regions based on regional capability data or to 

mitigate situations where proposed allocations would create undesirable transition effects. 

Integration with other resource programs is a priority. This helps maximize the achievement of multiple 

resource management objectives that facilitate environmentally sound mineral development and maintain 

and restore healthy watersheds. This integration is designed to ensure compliance with applicable 

environmental laws and regulations, minimize impacts, and maximize the achievement of diverse 

resource objectives that are compatible with program activities. Some such activities include 

interpretation of culturally significant sites, restoration of water quality, and protection of threatened and 

endangered species. 

Partnerships 

The Forest Service works in partnership with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to manage the 

Federal minerals on NFS lands. The Secretary of the Interior, through the BLM, has management 

responsibilities for the Federal mineral estate, including Federal minerals that underlie NFS lands. The 

Forest Service is responsible for the management of surface resources on mineral, oil, and gas projects 

proposed and operating on NFS lands. Mineral receipts are derived from annual lease rentals, royalties on 

National Forest System 7-37
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

production, bonus bids for competitive leases, and mineral material sales. Of the total revenues received, 

between 25 percent and 50 percent is returned to the State and county where production occurred. 

The Forest Service is developing partnerships with geologic and hydrologic organizations to help raise 

awareness of the importance of managing geologic hazards and geologic resources on NFS lands, and the 

application of geologic principles to sound and sustainable management of those lands. In addition, these 

partnerships will help improve awareness of the role of NFS lands in supplying ground and surface water 

to meet societal needs. 

Emphasis for the ECAP and AML activities includes cost recovery and efficient and effective use of 

partnerships to restore and remediate abandoned mine lands and disturbed ecosystems. Costs may be 

recovered when the potentially responsible party is identified prior to restoration work. Cooperative 

partnerships with other government agencies and non-profit organizations supplement appropriated funds 

to inventory and assess geologic resources and restore streams and watersheds. 

National Forest System 7-38
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Landownership Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Landownership Management

Annual Appropriations $91,299 $93,299 $1,469 -$396 $94,372 0%

Landownership Management Total $91,299 $93,299 $1,469 -$396 $94,372 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 639 640 640

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 639 640 640

Landownership Management Activities

Adjust Land Ownership $15,411 $12,369 $160 -$263 $12,266 -2%

Protect Land Ownership Title $9,615 $10,925 $169 $416 $11,510 4%

Locate Land Boundaries $29,333 $33,191 $576 -$109 $33,658 0%

Administer Land Use Authorizations $22,833 $23,991 $341 -$1,529 $22,803 -6%

Process Land Use Proposals $14,107 $12,823 $223 $1,089 $14,135 8%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Landownership Management

Acres of land adjustments to 

conserve the integrity of undeveloped 

lands and habitat quality 14,719 27,002 39,044 42,243 25,330 32,250 6,920

Miles of landownership boundary 

line marked/maintained to standard 2,334 2,606 3,142 3,868 3,195 2,800 -395

Number of land use authorizations 

administered to standard 12,708 14,797 9,323 15,753 16,000 16,000 0

Number of land use proposals and 

applications processed 4,611 5,111 4,259 4,991 4,290 4,980 690

Table Note: First measure has been redefined; FY 2006 was “Land ownership acres adjusted”, FY 2007 was “Acres acquired or conveyed”

FY 2010 Program Changes

The President’s Budget proposes $94,372,000 for Landownership Management, an increase of 

$1,073,000 in budget authority over FY 2009. The priority will be fulfilling critical boundary needs to 

support increased vegetative treatments on national forests and grasslands and meet the requirements of 

the Energy Policy Act of 2005. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Adjust Land Ownership (-$263,000) - The request includes $12,266,000 for Adjust Land Ownership 

activities. Funding is requested to exchange, through acquisition or conveyance, approximately 

32,250 acres of NFS land. Land adjustments help improve public access, conserve open space where 

its loss threatens the sustainability of the Nation’s forests and grasslands, and protects healthy 

forested lands and watersheds. Land adjustments can facilitate enhancing ecosystem services, 

retention of snow and water in intact watersheds, and natural processes to maintain water quantity and 

quality. Maintaining these ecosystem services requires an integrated, landscape-level approach across 

land ownerships that can be managed through land adjustments. Land consolidations also reduce 

National Forest System 7-39
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

future management costs, respond to urban and community needs, reduce ownership fragmentation, 

and promote conservation. 

Protect Land Ownership Title (+$416,000) - The request includes $11,510,000 to Protect Land 

Ownership Title. Funding is requested to resolve approximately 460 critical land title claims, 

encroachments, trespass, and other unauthorized uses, specifically those that involve litigation, 

legislation, or are associated with tribal land claims. Resolution of these claims secures and protects 

the interest, rights, title, and land and resources of the United States and bona fide claimants. The 

agency will also identify and process critical changes in land classifications needed to protect natural 

resource areas. In FY 2008, the Forest Service resolved 516 land title claims to standard. 

Locate Land Boundaries (-$109,000) - The request includes $33,658,000 to Locate Land Boundaries. 

Funding is requested to mark and maintain 2,800 miles of NFS property line. Within this amount, the 

agency will mark over 1,500 miles of critical boundary and corner maintenance to support hazardous 

fuels reduction and timber sale activities. 

Encroachments and trespass on NFS lands continue to grow due to increasing development in the 

rural landscape and the rapidly expanding wildland-urban interface. Marking and maintenance of 

property lines provide landownership protection, security, and title defense. Leaving property lines 

un-marked and un-maintained can result in expensive and protracted litigation and loss of public 

lands and public trust. To maximize cost efficiencies, the Forest Service will prioritize cooperative 

and joint land surveys with other agencies and challenge cost share agreements. 

The agency surpassed its target to mark and maintain boundary lines in FY 2008, accomplishing 123 

percent of the target. This was due in part to increased boundary line maintenance activities in 

support of hurricane relief efforts in the Southern Region. 

Administer Land Use Authorizations and Process Land Use Proposals (-$440,000) - The request 

includes $22,803,000 for Administer Land Use Authorizations and $14,135,000 for Process Land Use 

Proposals. Funding is requested to administer an estimated 16,000 special use authorizations (32 

percent of existing authorizations) to standard, with primary focus on those authorizations that 

address critical health and safety issues. The Forest Service will process approximately 4,980 new 

applications, focusing on those associated with statutory rights and energy related uses. Priority will 

continue to be placed on meeting the requirements of the Energy Policy Act of 2005. 

Special use authorizations provide the 

authority for use of Federal lands for a wide 

variety of purposes. These include rights-ofway for roads, pipelines, communication sites, 

and electric transmission and distribution 

facilities. Processing and authorizing these 

uses facilitate the development and 

transmission of affordable, reliable energy, 

support economic development; and promote 

the public health and safety of populations 

within, or in proximity to, national forests and 

grasslands throughout the country. 

Meeting the Nation’s Energy Needs 

Currently there are 10,136 

miles of electrical 

transmission lines across 

the national forests. The 

Forest Service administers 

over 33,000 rights-of-way, 

including 1,589 electric 

 transmission lines and 1,677 oil and gas pipelines. 

Approximately 300 electric transmission and pipeline 

right-of-way applications are processed each year. 

The agency surpassed its special land uses targets in FY 2008, accomplishing 169 percent of 

authorizations administered to standard and 117 percent of proposals and applications processed. 

This is attributed to the continued database transition effort and ongoing improvements to the Special 

National Forest System 7-40
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Uses and Infra databases that will improve accuracy in accounting and consistency between targets 

and accomplishments. 

Climate Change

The Landownership Management program plays an important role in facilitating the Forest Service and 

the Nation’s response to climate change by adjusting land ownership through exchanges and targeting 

acquisition of lands to consolidate critical aquatic and terrestrial habitats, acquisition of watersheds that 

serve as natural reservoirs for downstream water supply, siting and operational conditions for energy 

facilities (generators, smart transmission lines, etc.), and the acquisition of vegetated lands to sequester 

carbon. The agency also continues its involvement in the diversification of energy sources via siting and 

operational conditions for non-carbon producing energy production from sources such as wind, solar, and 

hydroelectric that contributes to a reduction in greenhouse emissions. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Landownership Management program secures and protects approximately 193 million acres of public 

lands and interests within the NFS in order to improve management efficiencies, provide protection of 

critical resources, protect ownership rights, and provide public access. Currently, there are over 1 million 

property corners delineating over 276,000 miles of NFS boundary line, of which over 114,000 (41 

percent) have been marked to Forest Service standards. The program administers approximately 50,000 

land use authorizations annually, which utilize Federal lands for a wide variety of purposes, including 

rights-of-way for roads, pipelines, communication and navigation sites, and electric transmission and 

distribution facilities. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Adjust Land Ownership - Provides notification, analysis, valuation, and realty case processing 

services to public and private landowners and managers to improve land ownership patterns for more 

effective and efficient resource protection and use. Land ownership adjustment is carried out 

principally through exchanges, conveyances, and rights-of-way acquisitions. 

Protect Land Ownership Title - Provides title defense and resolution affecting landownership 

activities related to land title claims, tribal claims, trespass, encroachments, other unauthorized uses, 

land sales, and grants and selections, including work associated with land title claim identification, 

inventory, and investigation. Also includes managing the land status record system which provides 

legally defensible boundaries and accurate, complete landownership records of NFS lands. 

Locate Land Boundaries - Provides professional land surveying services, including property 

boundary surveys, locating and marking NFS property boundary lines, boundary and property corner 

maintenance and perpetuation, legal land description preparation and review, land title research, 

expert witness testimony, and geospatial and geodetic services, in order to protect the title, land 

ownership, and use of the public estate. The chart below highlights the land boundaries by region. 

National Forest System 7-41
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

TOTAL MILES OF PROPERTY LINE THROUGH 2008 = 276,061

8,496

5,692

27,904

16,913

36,208

11,928

14,586

13,316

26,985

8,774

5,341

4,393

5,683

1,754

11,297

14,684

20,438

11,509

365

1,981

2,195

2,038

784

2,087

2,447

3,159 15,104

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

50000

R-01 R-02 R-03 R-04 R-05 R-06 R-08 R-09 R-10

MILES

MARKED TO STANDARD - 30,160 (11%)

MARKED & LOST - 83,873 (30%)

MILES UNMARKED - 162,028 (59%)

27,725

44,086

18,053 20,960

26,700 25,627

41,234 41,653

30,023

Administer Land Uses Authorizations - Provides inspection, oversight, and monitoring of existing 

authorizations to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of the authorization while ensuring 

the health and safety of the public; protection of the environment; compliance with Federal, State, and 

local laws and regulations; and, protection of the interests of the United States. 

Process Land Use Proposals - Provides responses, analyses, and decisions to requests to occupy and 

use NFS lands. Many of these land uses include communications sites, hydropower facilities, oil and 

gas pipelines, electric transmission lines, and other energy related uses to facilitate the delivery of 

reliable energy resources and communication links. 

Allocation and Integration 

The Forest Service allocates funds using a process that combines support for essential operations and 

national priorities with a competitive process comparing regional performance and needs. These 

performance and needs include: marking and maintaining boundary lines, acquiring or conveying NFS 

land; processing and administering special use permits; and protecting ownership rights. 

Integration with other resource programs occurs where land and resource management activities require 

marking and maintenance of NFS property lines or protection of forest resources. In such cases, 

boundary management resources are allocated directly to those areas of increasing demand, such as for 

fuels reduction activities, timber sales, and other land and resource management activities, particularly in 

the protection of specially designated management areas such as Wilderness. If critical land and resource 

management needs are not met, the consequences can result in trespasses, encroachments, title claims, 

National Forest System 7-42
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

expensive and protracted litigation, and loss of public lands, as well as damage or destruction of special 

areas, plants, and fish and wildlife. 

Partnerships 

The agency cooperates with many other Federal agencies - such as the Bureau of Land Management, the 

National Park Service, and the Department of Defense - State, interagency working groups, local, and 

tribal governments; non-Federal exchange parties; and private landowners. The program identifies and 

secures cost-share and partnership opportunities in order to eliminate or reduce redundant efforts, such as 

leveraging funds to secure high priority resource lands for public access and resource protection. 

National Forest System 7-43
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Law Enforcement Operations

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Law Enforcement Operations

Annual Appropriations $131,910 $135,500 $1,729 -$2,182 $135,047 -2%

Law Enforcement Operations Total $131,910 $135,500 $1,729 -$2,182 $135,047 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 806 806 806

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 806 806 806

Law Enforcement Operations Activities

Enforce Laws & Regulations $86,294 $89,183 $1,383 -$1,328 $89,238 -1%

Investigate Crime $45,616 $46,317 $346 -$854 $45,809 -2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Law Enforcement Operations

Percent of cases referred for 

adjudication N/A 4.3% 4.5% 8.0% 8.0% 8.2% 0.2%

Number of documented law 

enforcement incidents per 10,000 

forest visits N/A 6.3 6.8 7.2 7.3 7.5 0.2

Note: For FY 2006, the definition changed from prior years to new performance standards. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 budget request for Law Enforcement and Investigations (LEI) is $135,047,000. Agency 

Law Enforcement will provide services at approximately the same levels as FY 2009, and personnel will 

continue to prioritize response to emergency and life-threatening situations. In 2010, LEI will continue 

crime prevention with the National Sheriff’s Association through the use of cooperative law enforcement 

agreements. LEI will continue to prioritize arson investigations and assign all necessary resources to this 

very high profile crime. LEI will continue to address drug trafficking organizations along the southwest 

and northern borders. LEI will continue to work with the Chief’s Office, Regional Foresters, line officers 

and other internal partners to better integrate law enforcement and national resource management. 

Enforce Law and Regulations (-$1,328,000) – The request will fund uniform patrol presence and 

response to public and employee safety incidents and violation of law and regulations. Large scale 

marijuana cultivations on NFS lands continue to occur each year. In FY 2008, over 3 million 

marijuana plants were eradicated from NFS lands. Cultivation activities produce large amounts of 

trash and hazardous materials which are typically left on NFS lands. Growers frequently damage 

soils, cut timber and clear vegetation to create room for their crops creating resources damage and 

erosion problems. Forest Service law enforcement personnel and other employees have been 

assaulted and threatened with violence by smugglers. Forest Service law enforcement officers carry 

firearms, defensive equipment, make arrests, execute search warrants, complete reports and testify in 

court. They establish a regular and recurring presence on a vast amount of public lands, roads, and 

recreation sites. The regulations Law Enforcement Officers enforce include 36 Code of Federal 

Regulations (CFR) Parts 242 and 261. 36 CFR 242 refers specifically to subsistence hunting and 

fishing regulations and is only applicable to Federal land in Alaska. 36 CFR 261refers to regulations 

National Forest System 7-44
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

that apply to all National Forest lands nation wide. The primary focus of their jobs is the protection 

of natural resources, protection of Forest Service employees and the protection of visitors. 

Investigate Crime (-$854,000) – The request of $45,809,000will fund criminal and civil investigations 

on arson, drug possession, theft and assaults. Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTO’s) have been 

identified as the key producer of marijuana on NFS lands. DTO activities have been confirmed on 50 

National Forests in Region 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9. Of the marijuana grown on Federal public land, 

83percent is on NFS lands. Illegal ground importation and trafficking on or near national forest lands 

of immigrants, drugs, weapons and other contraband, and illegal exportation of weapons and illicit 

cash profits create ongoing and imminent threats to the personal safety of employees and the visiting 

public. Special Agents are criminal investigators who plan and conduct investigations concerning 

possible violations of criminal and administrative provisions of the Forest Service and other statues 

under the United States Code. Special agents are normally plain clothes officers who carry concealed 

firearms, and other defensive equipment, make arrests, carry out complex criminal investigations, 

present cases for prosecution to U.S. Attorneys, and prepare investigative reports. 

In FY 2008, 8percent of cases were referred for adjudication exceeding the target of 4.5percent. The 

percent of documented law enforcement incidents per 10,000 forest visits was 7.2 percent compared to a 

target of 6.8 percent. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Service LEI program provides a safe environment for the public and agency employees and 

protects the nation’s natural resources on approximately 193 million acres of NFS lands in 44 states. 

Increasing population growth in the wildland–urban interface, increasing popularity of NFS lands for 

motorized recreational use, and illegal occupancy of NFS lands is causing significant impacts to NFS 

lands and resources. These trends increase risks to public and employee health and safety. 

This program performs the following two activities: 

 

Enforce Laws & Regulations – includes uniformed 

patrol presence and response to public and employee 

safety incidents and violations of law and regulations. 

Common incidents on National Forests include theft, 

assault, alcohol and drug use, unauthorized motor 

vehicle use, illegal occupancy, trespassing, and 

resource protection patrols. 

Investigate Crime – covers criminal and civil 

investigations of both internal and external cases such 

as felony arson, drug possession, smuggling and 

manufacturing, thefts, and assaults. 

Drug Eradication on the Sequoia NF 

The Sequoia National Forest successfully 

eradicated 375,597 pounds of marijuana and 

made 41 associated arrests during FY 2008. 

The Forest Service Law Enforcement 

organization successfully partnered with Kern 

and Tulare counties and other Federal law 

enforcement agencies to combat drug cartel 

activities on the Forest. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funding allocations support core operations and address priority needs, based on competitive regional 

criteria including number of visitors and acreage of NFS lands. In addition to public safety, priority is 

placed on responding to activity by drug trafficking organizations. 

National Forest System 7-45
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Partnerships

LEI staff cooperate with Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies and other Forest Service 

programs by building strong relationships with sheriff’s offices, State police agencies, and Federal 

agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Agency; Federal Bureau of Investigation; Bureau of Alcohol, 

Tobacco, and Firearms; the Office of the United States Attorney, the Federal Court System; and other 

Federal land management agencies. 

National Forest System 7-46
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Valles Caldera National Preserve 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Valles Caldera National Preserve

Annual Appropriations $3,691 $4,000 $0 -$500 $3,500 -13%

Valles Caldera National Preserve Total $3,691 $4,000 $0 -$500 $3,500 -13%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1 1 1

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1 1 1

FY 2010 Program Changes

The request includes $3,500,000 for management of the Valles Caldera National Preserve, a program 

decrease of $500,000 from FY 2009. This level of funding will allow the Valles Caldera Trust (Trust) to 

maintain Preserve management, operations, and continue progress toward meeting the goal of becoming 

financially self-sustaining by the end of FY 2015. Continued investment in the Preserve allows the 

Agency and the Trust to protect and preserve for future generations the scientific, scenic, historical, and 

natural values of this unique land area. Continued investment also allows the Trust to fully apply the idea 

of managing public land in a transparent and financially self-sustaining manner. 

In FY 2008, the Trust offered new recreation programs and experienced a 23 percent increase in 

participation. This included hunting and fishing programs, as well as general public programs and special 

events. The Trust also ran its largest cattle operation since being acquired by the Federal government. As 

part of the Trust’s efforts to become financially self-sufficient and ensure transparency of operations, they 

contracted the development of a business plan that explored alternatives that could generate 

approximately $5 million in revenue annually and obtained the services of a financial auditing firm. The 

business plan and audit report were delivered to the Board of Trustees (Board) and are currently being 

reviewed. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Valles Caldera Preservation Act of July 25, 2000 (Public Law 106-248) provided for the acquisition 

of the Baca Ranch, located in the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico. The Act designated the Baca Ranch 

as the Valles Caldera National Preserve and provides for the management of the 88,900-acre tract as a 

unit of the National Forest System. The Preserve was established to protect various natural resources 

within its boundaries, and for providing multiple-use and sustained-yield of renewable resources. In 

addition, the Act requires the tract to continue to be managed as an operating ranch. 

The Act requires management of the Preserve by the Trust, a government corporation subject to the 

Government Corporation Control Act. A nine-member Board is responsible for the protection and 

development of the Valles Caldera National Preserve. Seven of its members are appointed by the 

President of the United States. In addition, the current Superintendent of nearby Bandelier National 

Monument and the Forest Supervisor of the Santa Fe National Forest also serve on the Board. All Board 

decisions are made at public meetings. In August of 2002, the management authority for the Preserve 

was transferred to the Trust. 

Funding for the Trust contributes to the management of the Valles Caldera National Preserve’s resources 

to protect grasslands, watersheds, and forest vegetation through the practice of sound range, watershed, 

National Forest System 7-47
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

National Forest System 7-48

and forest management. The Valles Caldera program also supports recreation opportunities as well as 

protecting and interpreting cultural and historic resources. 

The Valles Caldera National Preserve program is delivered through the following activities: 

Inventory, Monitoring, and Research – This activity includes the inventory, monitoring, and research 

of natural and cultural resources, such as vegetation, animals, soils, geologic formations, water 

resources, archaeological resources, and historic resources. These activities provide information for 

adaptive management of Preserve resources and for preparation of environmental documents. 

Forest Management – This activity includes fire management such as thinning timber stand density 

and the disposal of slash to reduce the risk from wildfires and create defensible space around 

structures; management of prescribed fires and wildland fire use, (i.e., naturally ignited fires) to meet 

resource objectives as outlined in fire management plans; noxious weed control and eradication using 

hand, mechanical, and chemical treatments; and management of domestic livestock grazing. 

Recreation and Special Use Management – This activity provides for the management of recreation 

and education programs, special use authorizations, and management of volunteers. This includes 

providing interpretive activities; reservation services for activities and special events; establishment 

and management of day-use programs, such as, fishing, elk hunting, guided and unguided hiking, 

horseback riding, and winter sports; authorizing special uses for commercial filming and 

photography; special events such as mountain bike rides, marathons, celestial and solar viewing, and 

group tours; and uses by Native Americans for religious and cultural purposes. 

Infrastructure Management – This activity includes the inventory, evaluation, planning, 

programming, and actions related to maintenance and improvement of buildings, water and 

wastewater systems, communication facilities, roads, trails, signing, and ranch infrastructure, such as 

corrals, fences, and earthen tanks. Evaluation includes determining the condition and effectiveness of 

the facility. Planning includes forecasting the development, disposal, and major alterations and 

renovations necessary to preserve or restore the functionality of the facility. 

Partnerships 

The Preserve benefits from monetary as well as non-monetary contributions. Non-monetary contributions 

include time and expertise contributed by our many volunteers. Extramural funding refers to money 

invested in projects (mostly research, inventory, and monitoring) conducted on the Preserve by outside 

agencies and organizations. The science program generated 4,231 hours (71 percent of the total) and over 

$1.6 million dollars in extramural investments in FY 2008. Work conducted on the Preserve by outside 

agencies and organizations, as well as volunteers, provides direct support to our programs as well as 

increasing collaboration, improving the work quality, and providing transparency in the adaptive 

management process. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Annual Appropriations $474,768 $495,393 $4,303 $57,266 $556,962 12%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 $0 $0 $0 $0

Capital Improvement & Maintenance Total $518,768 $495,393 $4,303 $57,266 $556,962 12%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2,411 2,416 2,466

Supplemental & Emergency Funding FTEs 2 2 2

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2,413 2,418 2,468

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Presidential Initiative: Protecting the National Forests $0 $0 $0 $50,000 $50,000 0%

Facilities $121,755 $126,453 $644 $3,643 $130,740 3%

Roads $227,924 $228,825 $2,432 $3,743 $235,000 2%

Trails $76,365 $81,015 $1,186 -$120 $82,081 0%

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement $8,958 $9,100 $41 $0 $9,141 0%

Legacy Roads & Trails $39,766 $50,000 $0 $0 $50,000 0%

The Budget provides $556,962,000 for the Forest Service’s Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

programs, an increase of $61,569,000 from FY2009, to provide infrastructure that supports public, 

administrative, and recreation uses. The Budget includes increased funding to support the President’s 

commitment to protecting and restoring national forests as well as incentives to optimize utilization and 

reduce costs, sets priorities for addressing deferred maintenance. The FY 2010 President’s Budget also 

builds off of the investments made through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 

(ARRA). The ARRA provided $1.15 billion to the Forest Service in order to create jobs and help 

promote economic recovery, including $650 million to fund projects that improve roads, bridges, 

buildings and recreational facilities. 

Presidential Initiative for Protecting and Restoring the Nation’s Forests 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes a $50,000,000 Presidential Initiative to protect the Nation’s 

Forests. This initiative demonstrates the Administration’s commitment to maintaining a healthy 

environment by addressing critical maintenance and operational components of the Forest Service. These 

funds will be a cornerstone for sustaining a healthy environment, and will be focused on three priorities. 

The first priority will be to protect the investments made through the American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act of 2009 by maintaining and improving facilities, roads, and trails associated with assets 

which are considered national in scope. Examples of national assets include national recreation areas, 

national monuments, national trails, national fire facilities, high profile visitor information facilities, the 

Forest Products Laboratory, and other facilities which have a national profile in the Forest Service. Funds 

will be used to reduce deferred maintenance, improve energy efficiency, and correct health and safety 

deficiencies. 

The second priority of the funds will be to implement travel management plans, with a significant 

emphasis on decommissioning roads not identified as needed in the plans. This will allow the Agency to 

“right-size” our transportation system for the future, and reduce long term deferred maintenance costs. In 

addition, the road decommissioning work will help restore landscapes and improve water quality. 

The third priority will be to address urgent health and safety needs at other facilities. This would be 

limited to significant needs which, if left unaddressed, would result in facility closure. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

These strategic investments will reduce the agency’s overall maintenance and operational costs in future 

years, result in infrastructure that is more energy efficient, and reduce potential impacts to the 

environment. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Facilities 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Facilities

Annual Appropriations $121,755 $126,453 $644 $3,643 $130,740 3%

Facilities Total $121,755 $126,453 $644 $3,643 $130,740 3%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 455 450 460

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 455 450 460

Facilities Activities

Maintain Facilities $64,192 $72,597 $451 $13,086 $86,134 18%

Improve Facilities $57,563 $53,856 $193 -$9,443 $44,606 -18%

 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Facilities

Facilities condition index 89% 89% 88% 62% 87% 86% -1%

Percent of facilities with "Good" or 

"Fair" condition rating 64% 66% 66% 63% 66% 63% -3%

Number of outdoor recreation 

facilities maintained to standard 9,770 10,231 10,645 10,129 10,045 11,680 1,635

FA&O facilities maintained to 

standard N/A 11,881 13,141 11,024 11,307 11,733 426 Table Notes: 1) Facility Condition Index - A ratio of the cost of remedying maintenance deficiencies to the current replacement value, commonly 

used by private firms to monitor condition of facilities. 

2) Facility Condition Rating - A subset of the facility condition index. The rating percentage applies to those facilities with a completed 

condition survey (92% completed) and does not represent anticipated improvements to overall facility condition. 

3) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending approval at the 

time of this publication. 

4) FY 2009 planned accomplishments reflect $30 million supplemental funding received through PL 110-329 on September 30, 2008.

5) FY 2010 planned accomplishments reflect the $50 million Presidential Initiative: Protecting National Forests 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s budget proposes $130,740,000 for Facilities, a program increase of $3,643,000 

from FY 2009. This level will be enhanced by funds from the Presidential Initiative. The program 

priority is to eliminate health and safety risks at agency owned buildings and recreation sites and reduce 

critical deferred maintenance on aging infrastructure, thereby improving the agency’s ability to 

successfully perform its mission. Priority will be on repairing and improving those facilities, including 

buildings, water and wastewater systems, dams, and recreation sites that receive public use and are critical 

to supporting agency operations. In order to protect the investments made through the American 

Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), funds are being shifted within the account to provide 

additional resources to maintain facilities that are built or restored using ARRA funding. 

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Maintain Facilities (+$13,086,000) – This request provides $86,134,000 for facility maintenance. 

Funds will provide for the maintenance of fire, administrative and other facilities (FA&O) and 

recreation facilities and sites. Priorities include conducting maintenance and repairs necessary to 

provide safe and healthful environments in which to work and to recreate. Facilities that house 

employees for long periods of time, store mission-critical equipment, and provide unique recreation 

experiences will continue to be prioritized for maintenance. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

In FY 2008, the Forest Service maintained 10,129 recreation sites to standard, or 57 percent of the 

total recreation sites. This accomplishment was 5 percent less than was planned primarily due to 

resources being directed to routine maintenance projects instead of more-expensive deferred 

maintenance projects. It is expected that more sites will be improved in FY 2009 due to the 

additional funding from the Recreation Enhancement Fund which will be directed towards reducing 

deferred maintenance at high priority fee sites. The agency also maintained to standard 11,024 

FA&O facilities or approximately 84 percent of the target. 

Improve Facilities (-$9,443,000) – This request 

provides $44,606,000 to improve facilities. 

Priorities include replacing obsolete facilities 

that are critical to the agency mission, receive 

the highest use by the public and agency 

personnel, and are in the worst physical 

condition. New and replacement facilities are 

required to meet Silver Leadership in Energy 

and Environmental Design (LEED) 

specifications ensuring facilities are constructed 

to be energy efficient and optimize the use of 

renewable resources. 

In FY 2008, approximately 63 percent of 

projects identified on the major project list were 

accomplished on time and within budget. Other 

projects were deferred due to the agency’s 

response to transfer funds to support fire 

suppression. The remaining projects will be 

completed in FY 2009. 

Ancient Bristlecone Pine Visitor Center 

The Ancient Bristlecone 

Pine Forest Visitor 

Center located on the 

Inyo National Forest in 

California was destroyed 

by fire in September 

 2008. This visitor center supported the protection, 

management, education, and interpretation of 

the world’s oldest living trees, the Great Basin 

Bristlecone Pines and attracted more than 30,000 

international, regional, and local visitors each year. 

This proposed project would complete the design 

and construction of a new visitor center at the same 

site, including interpretive displays, and serve to 

demonstrate the agency’s efforts toward 

sustainability and energy independence in facility 

design. Many partners are committed to assisting 

with rebuilding of this center. 

Program Description

Program Overview

The Facilities program supports agency mission 

activities by administering facilities and sites used for 

recreation, research, and FA&O purposes. FA&O 

facilities include fire facilities, such as airtanker bases, 

lookouts, airports, heliports, and fire management 

centers; administrative facilities, such as 

administrative offices (ranger district offices, forest 

supervisor offices, regional offices, research stations 

and laboratories), and service and storage buildings; 

and other facilities, such as telecommunication 

facilities, towers, dams, and recreation visitor centers. 

This program includes carrying out maintenance, 

capital improvement, and management on over 17,700 

recreation sites and approximately 19,000 FA&O facilities. These facilities have a current replacement 

value of nearly $7 billion. 

Recreation Facility Savings 

 As of the end of FY 2008, 113 national forests 

have completed a Recreation Facility Analysis. 

The value resulting from these analyses is 

demonstrated as follows: 

 ($ in millions) 

Reduced Deferred Maintenance $ 80.2 

O&M Cost Savings $ 29.5 

Increase Revenue $ 12.1 

 Total Benefits: $121.8 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

The Facilities program consists of two activities. The terms “Capital Improvement” and “Maintenance” 

are used as defined by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) Accounting 

Standards No. 6 (GPO # 041-001-00462-9). 

Maintain Facilities – Maintenance is defined as the act of keeping fixed assets in acceptable 

condition. It includes repairs, preventive maintenance, replacement of parts and structural 

components. Maintenance projects for recreation developed sites, such as campgrounds and day-use 

sites; and FA&O facilities projects greater than $250,000 are funded within this activity. 

Maintenance excludes operation costs. 

Improve Facilities – Capital improvement projects for FA&O and recreation sites are included in this 

activity. Capital improvements include construction of new facilities, alteration of existing facilities 

to change function, and expansion of facilities to change capacity to meet needs that are different 

from the original intent. Improvements are often required to expand public service capability or 

recreational opportunities. In many cases, capital improvements eliminate deferred maintenance. 

Allocation and Integration

Allocations to the field are based upon the agency’s FA&O and Recreation Facility Analysis (RFA) 

master plans and address the Agency’s long-term strategic asset management objectives. These 

objectives include reducing long-term operation and maintenance costs, reducing deferred maintenance, 

disposing of unnecessary assets, and identifying and mitigating significant potential threats to employee 

and public safety. 

Facilities maintenance and improvement activities are also funded by the Deferred Maintenance and 

Infrastructure Improvement budget line item. FA&O facilities are also funded through the facilities 

multi-program assessment funds (see Special Exhibit 5: Facilities Maintenance Assessment); and 

Permanent Appropriation – Federal Land and Facility Enhancement Fund and the Operation and 

Maintenance of Quarters Fund. In addition to appropriated funds, annual maintenance and repairs to 

recreation facilities are also funded through other special authorities, including the Federal Lands 

Recreation Enhancement Fund and the Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund. Through the use of these 

funds the Forest Service is able to operate and maintain many of its recreation facilities that might 

otherwise have been closed due to increasing costs. 

Partnerships 

The agency accomplishes valuable facility work by leveraging funds for completing these activities 

through partnerships. Volunteers, concessionaires, and other partners are engaged to enhance recreation 

experiences and help maintain nearly 70 percent of agency owned recreation sites. The agency also colocates with other Federal and non-governmental agencies to share facilities and thereby lower operation 

costs. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-5 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST ($ in thousands) Region 1 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 17 $ 143 $ 400 $ $ 417 $ 143 $ 560 $ $ $ 4,420 $ 1,026 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 1,383 $ $ $ $ 1,383 $ 1,383 $ 739 $ 512 $ $ R101 ID 1st Idaho Panhandle Outlet Campground, Phase 1 N $ 760 $ $ $ $ 760 $ $ 760 $ 420 $ 263 $ 696 $ R102 MT At Large Regional Office Aerial Fire Depot Roofing Y $ $ $ 381 $ $ 381 $ $ 381 $ $ 170 $ $ R103 MT At Large Custer Camp Crook Water System N $ $ $ 564 $ $ 564 $ $ 564 $ $ 437 $ $ R104 MT At Large Lewis & Clark Lewis & Clark Interpretive Center Health and Safety Improvements N $ $ $ 386 $ $ 386 $ $ 386 $ $ 300 $ $ R105 ID 1st Idaho Panhandle Nursery Roof Replacement N $ $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ 450 $ $ TOTAL $ 777 $ 1,526 $ 2,181 $ $ 2,958 $ 1,526 $ 4,484 $ 1,159 $ 2,132 $ 5,116 $ 1,026 Region 2 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 50 $ 100 $ 50 $ 200 $ 100 $ 300 $ 400 $ 100 $ $ 5,349 $ Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R201 WY At Large Bighorn South Fork Campground Rehabilitation N $ 490 $ $ $ $ 490 $ $ 490 $ 100 $ 247 $ $ R202 CO 2nd Arapaho/ Roosevelt Shadow Mountain Village Exterior Bldg Rehabilitation N $ $ $ $ 668 $ $ 668 $ 668 $ $ 444 $ $ R203 CO 3rd Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre, Gunnison Lottis Creek Recreation Area Rehabilitation N $ 500 $ 812 $ $ $ 500 $ 812 $ 1,312 $ 1,200 $ 1,460 $ $ R204 CO 2nd Arapaho/ Roosevelt Pawnee Campground/Picnic Area, Phase 1 N $ 400 $ 840 $ $ $ 400 $ 840 $ 1,240 $ 694 $ 1,079 $ 366 $ 602 R205 WY At Large Medicine Bow/Routt Walden Bunkhouse Y $ $ $ $ 1,080 $ $ 1,080 $ 1,080 $ $ 171 $ $ TOTAL $ 1,440 $ 1,752 $ 50 $ 1,948 $ 1,490 $ 3,700 $ 5,190 $ 2,094 $ 3,401 $ 5,715 $ 602 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 FY 2010 Facilities Funding TOTAL RDS. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL FAC. Mtce. TOTAL FAC. Imp. TOTAL FAC. REC Mtce. REC Imp. ID FY 2010 Facilities Funding Fire Fac? (Y/N) Project Name Forest Cong District State Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) ID State Cong District Forest

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-6 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 3 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 341 $ 156 $ $ 382 $ 341 $ 538 $ 879 $ $ $ 5,451 $ 890 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R301 NM 3rd Cibola Magdalena Ranger Station, Phase 1 Y $ $ $ $ 1,568 $ $ 1,568 $ 1,568 $ 450 $ 535 $ 5,760 $ 450 R302 AZ 1st Kaibab Kaibab Lake Campground N $ 818 $ $ $ $ 818 $ $ 818 $ 535 $ 310 $ $ R303 AZ 1st Prescott Lynx Southshore Recreation N $ 95 $ 355 $ $ $ 95 $ 355 $ 450 $ 190 $ 93 $ $ R304 AZ 5th Tonto Needle Rock Campground, Phase 1 N $ $ 668 $ $ $ $ 668 $ 668 $ 400 $ 4 $ 1,500 $ 400 TOTAL $ 1,254 $ 1,179 $ $ 1,950 $ 1,254 $ 3,129 $ 4,383 $ 1,575 $ 942 $ 12,711 $ 1,740 Region 4 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 40 $ 25 $ 45 $ 60 $ 85 $ 85 $ 170 $ 40 $ $ 3,520 $ 920 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 170 $ $ 350 $ $ 520 $ 520 $ $ 130 $ $ R401 ID 2nd Salmon-Challis Central Idaho Fire Aviation Center Y $ $ $ $ 2,400 $ $ 2,400 $ 2,400 $ $ 454 $ $ R402 UT 2nd Dixie Pine Valley Recreation Area Reconstruction, Phase 3 N $ $ 450 $ $ $ $ 450 $ 450 $ 1,505 $ 356 $ $ R403 ID 1st Payette Payette Seasonal Housing N $ $ $ $ 2,130 $ $ 2,130 $ 2,130 $ 275 $ 1,082 $ $ TOTAL $ 40 $ 645 $ 45 $ 4,940 $ 85 $ 5,585 $ 5,670 $ 1,820 $ 2,022 $ 3,520 $ 920 FY 2010 Facilities Funding Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) REC Mtce. REC Imp. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. FY 2010 Facilities Funding

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-7 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 5 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 117 $ 182 $ 48 $ 64 $ 165 $ 246 $ 411 $ $ $ 5,491 $ 830 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R501 CA 25th Inyo Ancient Bristlecone Pine Visitor Center N $ $ 2,105 $ $ $ $ 2,105 $ 2,105 $ $ 1,800 $ $ R502 CA 26th Angeles Pyramid Lake Rehabilitation N $ 1,069 $ $ $ $ 1,069 $ $ 1,069 $ 707 $ 1,326 $ $ R503 CA 1st Six Rivers Smith River National Recreation Area Warehouse Y $ $ $ 996 $ $ 996 $ $ 996 $ $ 696 $ $ R504 CA 2nd Klamath Oak Knoll Work Center Y $ $ $ $ 1,028 $ $ 1,028 $ 1,028 $ 226 $ 811 $ $ R505 CA 4th Lassen Merrill Campground, Phase 3 N $ 1,115 $ $ $ $ 1,115 $ $ 1,115 $ 59 $ 700 $ $ R506 CA 19th Stanislaus Long Barn Barracks Y $ $ $ $ 1,126 $ $ 1,126 $ 1,126 $ 663 $ $ $ TOTAL $ 2,301 $ 2,287 $ 1,044 $ 2,218 $ 3,345 $ 4,505 $ 7,850 $ 1,655 $ 5,333 $ 5,491 $ 830 Region 6 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 200 $ $ 175 $ 180 $ 375 $ 180 $ 555 $ $ $ 5,230 $ Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R601 WA 3rd Mt. St. Helens Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument N $ 162 $ 1,033 $ $ $ 162 $ 1,033 $ 1,195 $ 600 $ 150 $ $ R602 OR 5th Siuslaw Siuslaw/Corvallis Collocation - East Wing Replacement N $ $ $ 1,500 $ 2,600 $ 1,500 $ 2,600 $ 4,100 $ $ 4,770 $ $ R603 OR 2nd Malheur Prairie City Offices & Warehouse N $ $ $ 1,800 $ $ 1,800 $ $ 1,800 $ $ 880 $ $ R604 OR 2nd Deschutes Allingham Guard Station Water System, Phase 2 N $ 250 $ $ $ $ 250 $ $ 250 $ 235 R605 WA 3rd Gifford Pinchot Johnston Ridge Observatory Deferred Maintenance N $ 410 $ $ $ $ 410 $ $ 410 $ $ 410 $ $ TOTAL $ 1,022 $ 1,033 $ 3,475 $ 2,780 $ 4,497 $ 3,813 $ 8,310 $ 600 $ 6,445 $ 5,230 $ FY 2010 Facilities Funding DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) FA&O Mtce. FA&O Im . TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp p . ID State Cong District Forest Pro REC Mtce. REC Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. TOTAL FAC. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL RDS. FY 2010 Facilities Funding ect Name Fire Fac? j (Y/N)

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-8 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 8 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ 120 $ 239 $ 120 $ 239 $ 359 $ $ $ 3,850 $ Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ R801 TN 2nd Cherokee Tellico River Corridor Recreation Rehabilitation, Phase 3 N $ 330 $ $ $ $ 330 $ $ 330 $ 650 $ 275 $ $ R802 VA 6th George Washington/ Jefferson Elizabeth Furnace Water/ Sanitation Rehabilitation N $ 265 $ $ $ $ 265 $ $ 265 $ $ 630 $ $ R803 SC 6th Francis Marion Francis Marion Ranger District Office, Phase 2 N $ $ $ $ 1,080 $ $ 1,080 $ 1,080 $ $ 712 $ $ R804 AR 2nd Ozark-St. Francis Pleasant Hill Ranger District Office Addition & Renovation N $ $ $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 1,000 $ 500 $ 1,500 $ $ 647 $ $ R805 SC 3rd Francis Marion Burrells Ford Campground Rehabilitation N $ 355 $ $ $ $ 355 $ $ 355 $ $ 175 $ $ TOTAL $ 950 $ $ 1,120 $ 1,819 $ 2,070 $ 1,819 $ 3,889 $ 650 $ 2,439 $ 3,850 $ Region 9 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ $ 620 $ $ 620 $ 620 $ 65 $ $ 9,500 $ 650 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 311 $ $ $ $ 311 $ 311 $ $ $ $ R901 MI 1st Ottawa Watersmeet Administrative Site, Phase 3 N $ $ $ $ 2,000 $ $ 2,000 $ 2,000 $ 300 $ 2,172 $ $ R902 MN 8th Chippewa Walker Administrative Site, Phase 1 N $ $ $ $ 1,000 $ $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ 250 $ 2,465 $ 4,500 $ 1,125 R903 MI 1st Hiawatha Clear Lake Environmental Education Center N $ 480 $ $ $ $ 480 $ $ 480 $ $ 450 $ $ TOTAL $ 480 $ 311 $ $ 3,620 $ 480 $ 3,931 $ 4,411 $ 615 $ 5,087 $ 14,000 $ 1,775 Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 DEF. DEF. MTCE. ELIM. MTCE. ELIM. Construction Costs Beyond FY 2010 ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. ID State Cong District Forest Project Name Fire Fac? (Y/N) TOTAL FAC. TOTAL RDS. TOTAL Imp. TOTAL Mtce. TOTAL Imp. FY 2010 Facilities Funding REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. TOTAL Mtce. REC Mtce. REC Imp. FA&O Mtce. FA&O Imp. FY 2010 Facilities Funding

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-9 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Region 10 Facilities Roads Regionwide Planning & Design* $ 105 $ 28 $ 242 $ 175 $ 347 $ 203 $ 550 $ 48 $ $ 2,879 $ 102 Regionwide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ 909 $ $ 172 $ $ 1,081 $ 1,081 $ $ 150 $ $ R1001 AK At Large Chugach Porcupine Creek Campground Reconstruction N $ 1,529 $ 382 $ $ $ 1,529 $ 382 $ 1,911 $ 1,385 $ 312 $ $ R1002 AK At Large Tongass Thorne Bay Quads, Phase 2 and 3

N $ $ $ 815 $ 91 $ 815 $ 91 $ 906 $ $ 611 $ $ 

 TOTAL $ 1,634 $ 1,319 $ 1,057 $ 438 $ 2,691 $ 1,757 $ 4,448 $ 1,433 $ 1,073 $ 2,879 $ 102

Stations

Facilities Roads

Stationwide Planning & Design* $ $ $ 48 $ 376 $ 48 $ 376 $ 424 $ $ $ 3,160 $ Stationwide Minor Capital Improvement 

Projects**

$ $ $ $ 120 $ $ 120 $ 120 $ $ $ $ 

S001 AK At Large Pacific NW Juneau Lab Collocation,

Phase 1

N $ $ $ $ 4,980 $ $ 4,980 $ 4,980 $ $ 197 $ 4,970 $ 

S002 MS 3rd Southern Wood Products Insect 

Laboratory

N $ $ $ $ 1,000 $ $ 1,000 $ 1,000 $ $ 513 $ $ 

S003 MN 8th Northern Grand Rapids Lab Renovation N $ $ $ 379 $ $ 379 $ $ 379 $ $ 249 $ $ S004 WV 1st Northern Parsons Lab Renovation N $ $ $ 254 $ $ 254 $ $ 254 $ $ 87 $ $ 

S005 MS 1st Southern Oxford HVAC Replacement N $ $ $ 432 $ $ 432 $ $ 432 $ $ 462 $ $ S006 NJ 3rd Northern Silas Little Experiment Forest 

Remodel

N $ $ $ 253 $ $ 253 $ $ 253 $ $ 37 $ $ 

S007 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Tenderfoot Creek

Experimental Forest Administrative Site 

N $ $ $ $ 495 $ $ 495 $ 495 $ $ $ $ 

S008 MN 4th Northern St. Paul Elevator and Roof 

Replacement

N $ $ $ 475 $ $ 475 $ $ 475 $ $ 403 $ $ 

S009 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Main Building 

Office/Lab Renovation

N $ $ $ 385 $ $ 385 $ $ 385 $ $ 267 $ $ 

S010 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Headhouse/ 

Greenhouse Complex 

N $ $ $ 269 $ $ 269 $ $ 269 $ $ 95 $ $ 

S011 MT At Large Rocky Mountain Bozeman Warehouse Complex 

Renovation

N $ $ $ 252 $ $ 252 $ $ 252 $ $ 56 $ $ 

S012 HI 2nd Pacific SW Hawaii Research Field Stations - 

Phase 2

N $ $ $ $ 660 $ $ 660 $ 660 $ $ $ $ 

S013 PR N/A Inter. Institute of

Tropical Forestry

Sabana Woodshop Renovation N $ $ $ $ 519 $ $ 519 $ 519 $ $ 39 $ $ 

S014 WI 2nd Forest Products 

Lab

Freight Elevator Replacement N $ $ $ 785 $ $ 785 $ $ 785 $ 866

S015 CO 4th Rocky Mountain Ft. Collins Prospect Renovation 

Planning & Design

N $ $ $ $ 370 $ $ 370 $ 370 $ $ 450 $ 3,540 $ 

 TOTAL $ $ $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 12,052 $ $ 3,721 $ 11,670 $ 

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010 TOTAL

FAC. 

TOTAL

RDS.

FA&O

Mtce. Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp. ID State

Cong

District Station/Lab

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

FA&O

Imp. State

Cong

District Forest Project Name

TOTAL

RDS. ID

FA&O

Mtce.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-10 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-11 FY 2010 FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT LIST (continued) ($ in thousands) Northeastern Area Facilities Roads Areawide Minor Capital Improvement Projects** $ $ $ $ 310 $ $ 310 $ 310 $ $ 75 $ $ NA01 PA 10th Grey Towers Meadow Ponds Dam Rehabilitation

N $ $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ $ 415 $ $ 

 TOTAL $ $ $ 400 $ 310 $ 400 $ 310 $ 710 $ $ 490 $ $ 

Technology Development Centers

Facilities Roads

MT At Large Missoula 

Technology 

Development 

Center

Minor Capital Improvement Projects**

$ $ $ $ 163 $ $ 163 $ 163 $ $ $ $ 

SD01 CA 26th San Dimas 

Technology 

Development 

Center

Energy Conservation and Renewable Generation

N $ $ $ $ 400 $ $ 400 $ 400 $ $ $ $ 

 TOTAL $ $ $ $ 563 $ $ 563 $ 563 $ $ $ $ 

TOTALS FOR REGIONS, STATIONS, AREA, and TECH CENTERS

Facilities Roads

Regional Subtotal $ 9,898 $ 10,052 $ 8,972 $ 19,713 $ 18,870 $ 29,765 $ 48,635 $ 11,601 $ 28,874 $ 58,512 $ 6,995

 Stations Subtotal $ $ $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 3,532 $ 8,520 $ 12,052 $ $ 3,721 $ 11,670 $ 

 Northeastern Area and

Tech Centers Subtotal

$ $ $ 400 $ 873 $ 400 $ 873 $ 1,273 $ $ 490 $ $ 

TOTAL, MAJOR PROJECT LIST

$ 9,898 $ 10,052 $ 12,904 $ 29,106 $ 22,802 $ 39,158 $ 61,960 $ 11,601 $ 33,085 $ 70,182 $ 6,995

Recreation Maintenance Projects Under $250,000

$ 53,764 $ $ $ $ 53,764 $ $ 53,764 $ $ $ $ 

 Washington Office $ 2,897 $ 658 $ 819 $ 1,849 $ 3,716 $ 2,507 $ 6,223 $ $ $ 

 Albuquerque Service Center 

Business Management

 $ 4,891 $ 772 $ 961 $ 2,169 $ 5,852 $ 2,941 $ 8,793 $ $ $ $ 

 TOTAL, OTHER PROGRAM 

SUPPORT

 $ 61,552 $ 1,430 $ 1,780 $ 4,018 $ 63,332 $ 5,448 $ 68,780 $ $ $ $ 

TOTAL FACILITIES MAJOR 

PROJECT LIST

$ 71,450 $ 11,482 $ 14,684 $ 33,124 $ 86,134 $ 44,606 $ 130,740 $ 11,601 $ 33,085 $ 70,182 $ 6,995

Notes:

*Planning and Design (P&D) for capital investment projects costing more than $250,000. Project names are provided in the associated fact sheet. **Capital improvement projects costing less than $250,000.

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

TOTAL

RDS.

REC

Mtce.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

DEF.

MTCE.

ELIM.

Construction Costs

Beyond FY 2010

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

RDS.

TOTAL

RDS.

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 

REC

Mtce.

REC

Imp.

 ID State

Cong

District Tech. Center Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

REC

Imp.

REC

Imp.

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

 ID State

Cong

District Unit Project Name

Fire

Fac?(Y/N)

REC

Mtce.

FY 2010 Facilities Funding

FA&O

Mtce.

FA&O

Imp.

TOTAL

Mtce.

TOTAL

Imp.

TOTAL

FAC. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Roads 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Roads

Annual Appropriations $227,924 $228,825 $2,432 $3,743 $235,000 2%

Roads Total $227,924 $228,825 $2,432 $3,743 $235,000 2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1,249 1,220 1,230

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,249 1,220 1,230

Roads Activities

Maintain Passenger Car Roads $96,427 $120,701 $1,285 $1,972 $123,958 2%

Maintain High Clearance & Closed Roads $19,655 $37,627 $399 $616 $38,642 2%

Decommission Roads $4,393 $4,172 $44 $69 $4,285 2%

Improve Roads $107,449 $66,325 $704 $1,086 $68,115 2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Roads

Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance 43,073 39,453 43,168 46,247 46,500 46,500 0

Miles of high clearance system roads receiving 

maintenance 28,598 20,725 27,000 29,638 33,083 30,200 -2,883

Miles of roads decommissioned 682 402 600 1,290 1,300 1,300 0

Miles of road reconstruction and capital 

improvement 179 617 2,300 3,501 4,000 4,500 500

Percent of road and trail rights-of-way acquired that 

provide public access through easement acquisitions 

or land adjustments 94% 90% 90% 78% 90% 90% 0%

Table Notes: 1) Table above represents unified accomplishments from Roads, Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement, Legacy 

Roads and Trails, Permanent and Trust Funds, integrated, and partnership funds. Beginning in FY 2010, planned accomplishments from the 

Presidential Initiative are included. 

2) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending approval at the time 

of this publication. 

4) FY 2009 planned accomplishments reflect $30 million supplemental funding received through PL 110-329 on September 30, 2008.

5) FY 2010 planned accomplishments reflect the $50 million Presidential Initiative: Protecting National Forests 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 President’s budget proposes $235,000,000 for Roads, a program increase of $3,743,000 

from FY 2009. This level will be enhanced by funds from the Presidential Initiative. The requested funds 

will help the agency reduce critical deferred maintenance and provide the necessary engineering support 

for the Forest Products program. Funding will primarily address public safety needs, resource protection, 

and access to the most important National Forest System (NFS) sites and features. Forest Service will 

identify the system of roads needed to meet the agency’s mission, ensuring it is sustainable with available 

resources and in compliance with environmental and safety requirements. Roads will be closed or 

decommissioned when necessary to minimize maintenance costs and protect forest resources. The agency 

will also continue to place a priority on implementing the travel management rule to address unmanaged 

recreation and provide a sustainable system of roads designated for motor vehicle use. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-12 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Maintain Passenger Car Roads (+$1,972,000) – The request includes $123,958,000 for the 

maintenance of passenger car roads. Considering all funding sources, the request will fund an 

estimated 46,500 miles of passenger car roads maintenance of approximately 66,000 miles of road 

operated for passenger car use. Priority projects include the maintenance necessary to meet Highway 

Safety Act requirements, emergency access for first responders, and escape routes in the event of 

wildland fire or other emergency situations. Effective passenger car road maintenance ensures that 

roads open for public and administrative travel comply with safety requirements and environmental 

protection laws, and are available for critical access needs. 

Maintain High Clearance and Closed Roads (+$616,000) – The request includes $38,642,000 for the 

maintenance and operation of high clearance and closed roads. The funding will provide maintenance 

for approximately 30,200 miles of road considering all funding sources. Currently there are 

approximately 215,000 miles of road operated for high clearance vehicle use and 97,000 miles of 

closed roads within the NFS. Priority will be placed on maintaining roads to minimize or correct the 

environmental effects to resources, such as sediment loads in streams and lakes, and culvert 

replacement to restore fish passage. Effective high clearance road maintenance ensures that roads 

experiencing increases in recreational traffic comply with environmental laws. 

Decommission Roads (+$69,000) – The request includes $4,285,000 for decommissioning 1,300 road 

miles considering all funding sources. Priority will be placed on eliminating unneeded roads or 

portions of the existing transportation system that duplicate access or create extensive environmental 

degradation. Decommissioning unneeded roads and structures eliminates the environmental effects 

of unneeded roads and is essential to operating a transportation system that is sustainable in a safe and 

environmentally acceptable manner with available funding. 

Improve Roads (+$1,086,000) – The request includes $68,115,000 for the capital improvement of 

roads. The request will fund the improvement of 4,500 road miles with all funding sources. Priority 

projects will include replacement of deficient bridges and stream crossings, recreation site and 

administrative site access needs, and engineering support for road improvements needed for vehicle 

and equipment access for timber sale and stewardship contracts. Road improvements ensure a 

transportation system that meets applicable safety and environmental standards, as well as essential 

public and resource management needs. 

In FY 2008, the agency over-accomplished in each of the four road maintenance and improvement 

performance measures. This was due in part to the additional funding and emphasis in the Legacy 

Roads and Trails program initiated in FY 2008 and higher than anticipated partnership contributions. 

The Forest Service also decommissioned 66 bridges, repaired or replaced 20 deficient or obsolete 

bridges and major culverts, and constructed 70 new bridges. The agency acquired 78 percent of the 

road and trail rights-of-way that provide public access through easement acquisitions or land 

adjustments. The agency did not meet its target, of 90 percent, in part due to the complexity of real 

estate transactions and final agreements between parties consuming more time than anticipated. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-13 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

The following table shows the miles of unified accomplishment for each activity by funding source: 

FY 2008 Miles Accomplished by Funding Source 

Funding Source Passenger Car High Clearance Decommissioning Improvement

Roads 35,867 21,080 275 1,286

Legacy Roads and Trails 633 900 530 631

Other1 9,747 7,658 485 1,584

Unified Total (miles) 46,247 29,638 1,290 3,501 1

Includes Permanent & Trusts Funds, Integrated, and Partnership contributions 

Program Description 

Program Overview

 

The National Forest Road System (NFRS) provides motor vehicle access for management, protection, and 

public use and enjoyment of NFS lands. Virtually all activities on NFS lands require travel over the 

system, which consists of approximately 6,400 bridges and 378,000 miles of roads. In FY 2007, there 

were approximately 179 million visits on NFS lands. 

The terms “Capital Improvement” and “Maintenance” are used as defined by the Federal Accounting 

Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) Accounting Standards No. 6 (GPO # 041-001-00462-9). System 

roads open for travel by passenger cars and other State highway legal vehicles (Maintenance Levels 3 – 5) 

are subject to the requirements of the Highway Safety Act. These roads provide access for emergency 

responders and are sometimes the only escape routes for forest users and local residents in the event of 

wildfire or other emergency situations. High clearance (Maintenance Level 2) and closed roads 

(Maintenance Level 1) are provided primarily for recreational access and administrative use. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Maintain Passenger Car Roads and Maintain High Clearance and Closed Roads – These activities 

include the maintenance of system roads, bridges, and other vehicle access areas such as parking lots. 

Maintenance activities include the actions necessary to preserve or restore a road to its original 

service level and condition to provide acceptable service and achieve its expected life. This includes 

maintenance of the travel ways, roadside vegetation; drainage facilities; structures, including bridges; 

and traffic control devices, including signs and gates. Maintenance also includes road management 

and transportation planning. Transportation planning helps identify opportunities to reduce the 

number of open roads and determine the appropriate service level for the roads remaining to obtain a 

sustainable transportation system. Engineering support costs are included in this activity only for 

road work that qualifies as maintenance. Engineering support for timber sale contracts includes the 

design, cost estimates, contract preparation, and contract administration to assure applicable safety 

and environmental standards are met. 

Improve Roads - These activities provide for capital improvements of system roads, including 

structures and other vehicle access areas such as parking lots. Capital improvements include adding 

new miles to the transportation system through new construction of roads and bridges, reclassifying 

unauthorized roads, and rights-of-way acquisition; changing the function of existing roads to 

accommodate different user types, such as changing a logging road to a recreation road; and 

increasing the capacity of an existing road, such as changing a single lane road or bridge to a two lane 

road or bridge. Engineering support costs are included in this activity only for road work that 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-14 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

qualifies as a capital improvement. Engineering support for timber sale contracts includes the design, 

cost estimates, contract preparation, and contract administration to assure applicable safety and 

environmental standards are met. 

Decommission Roads – Road decommissioning activities eliminate unneeded and unauthorized roads 

and restore land occupied by roads to a more natural state. Decommissioning of roads is not an 

allowable use of appropriations under the authorizing statute (23 USC 205). However, since FY 

1991, language in annual appropriations bills has authorized use of a portion of Roads funds for 

decommissioning (up to $40,000,000 in FY 2008). 

Allocation and Integration 

For several years, Congress has provided annual advice on the proportionate amounts of the Roads 

appropriation to be spent for capital improvement and maintenance. Funding is allocated to the field 

using a formula that respects this direction. The formula considers land area, visitor use, timber volume 

offered on timber sale and stewardship contracts, and acres treated for hazardous fuels. Adjustments may 

be made between regions based on capability information submitted by the regions or to mitigate 

situations where proposed allocations would create undesirable transition effects. 

The NFRS is an integral part of the rural transportation network and is operated and maintained to 

provide safe access for all resource program activities including vegetation management programs (Forest 

Products), resource protection programs (Hazardous Fuels, Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management) 

and programs that support public enjoyment by providing access to recreation sites, trailheads, and special 

areas (Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness; and Trails). Coordination across multiple program areas is 

integral to successfully managing the NFRS to ensure the transportation system is adequate to meet those 

needs. 

Partnerships 

The National Forest Roads and Trails Act of 1964 (P.L. 88-657, 16 USC 535) authorizes cooperative 

construction and maintenance of road systems. Under this authority, the Forest Service enters into 

“Cooperative Road Construction and Use Agreements” (Cost Share Agreements) with the owners of large 

tracts of lands intermingled with NFS lands. The Forest Service also enters into “Forest Road 

Agreements” with public road authorities, such as States and counties, where NFS access, local 

residential access, and local commerce needs coincide. Tens of thousands of miles of NFS roads are 

included in agreements. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-15 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Trails 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Trails

Annual Appropriations $76,365 $81,015 $1,186 -$120 $82,081 0%

Trails Total $76,365 $81,015 $1,186 -$120 $82,081 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 625 615 600

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 625 615 600

Trails Activities

Maintain Trails $56,126 $60,649 $889 $208 $61,746 0%

Improve Trails $20,239 $20,366 $297 -$328 $20,335 -2%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Trails

Miles of system trails maintained to 

standard 24,860 25,696 24,395 30,867 31,150 31,150 0

Miles of system trail improved to 

standard 1,410 1,594 956 1,410 895 890 -5

Table Note: 1) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending 

approval at the time of this publication. 

2) FY 2009 planned accomplishments reflect $30 million supplemental funding received through PL 110-329 on September 30, 2008.

3) FY 2010 planned accomplishments reflect the $50 million Presidential Initiative: Protect National Forests 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $82,081,000 for Trails, a program decrease of $120,000 from 

FY 2009. However, this decrease will be offset by funds from the Presidential Initiative. Priority will be 

placed on promoting public health and safety. This will include actions such as designating trails for 

motor vehicle use consistent with the Travel Management Rule. Decreasing the backlog of deferred 

maintenance and improvements for trails continues to be a national priority. The program will continue 

to focus on management and protection of the national scenic and historic trails. The agency will 

establish and strengthen partnerships in trail stewardship, particularly those that provide for the delivery 

of youth programs. Specific priorities within each activity include: 

Maintain Trails (+$208,000) – This request includes $61,746,000 to maintain trails. Funding will be 

used to maintain approximately 31,150 trail miles, of which approximately 20 percent will be 

accomplished through the use of volunteers. The agency will address approximately 20 percent of the 

total trail system miles through a unified program of work. Validation and improvement of basic 

trails inventory, and collection of trail assessment and condition survey data will also continue to be a 

priority to ensure that the agency has sound, accurate information on NFS trails. Trail maintenance 

reduces resource damage and improves safety conditions to provide a safe and a quality experience 

for trail users. 

In FY 2008, the agency surpassed its target for number of trail miles maintained to standard, 

accomplishing 127 percent of the target. The majority of this increase is due to the success of the 

Southwest, Pacific Northwest, and Northeast regions in increased accomplishments through the use of 

partnerships. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-16 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Improve Trails (-$328,000) – This request 

includes $20,335,000 to improve trails. 

Funding will be used to relocate or 

construct approximately 890 miles of trails. 

The agency will conduct new construction 

on several National Scenic and Historic 

Trails, including the Florida National 

Scenic Trail, Continental Divide National 

Scenic Trail, and the Pacific Crest National 

Scenic Trail (see the Special Exhibit, 

National Scenic and Historic Trails, for 

more details on accomplishments and 

plans). Trail improvement helps ensure a 

safe and quality experience for trail users 

and protects watersheds. 

In FY 2008, the agency surpassed its target 

for number of trail miles improved to 

standard, accomplishing 147 percent of the target. The majority of this increase is due to the success 

of the Southwest, Intermountain, and Pacific Northwest regions in increased accomplishments 

through the use of partnerships. 

Arrow Corps 5 

Summer 2008 generated the 

greatest national service 

project since World War II, 

undertaken by the Boy 

Scouts of America in 

partnership with the Forest 

Service. Nearly 5,000 Arrowmen, providing over 

250,000 hours of service, executed one week 

conservation projects on five national forests: the Mark 

Twain, Manti-LaSal, George Washington/Jefferson, 

Shasta-Trinity, and the Bridger-Teton. In total, 

approximately 150 miles of trails were constructed or 

refurbished and dozens of trail identification signs were 

constructed, along with 135 acres of invasive redcedar 

removed and 28 miles of invasive tamarisk removed and 

treated.

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Trails program ensures public safety and backcountry access through the operation, maintenance, 

rehabilitation, and improvement of NFS trails. NFS lands contain over 153,000 miles of trails, of which 

over 41,000 miles are currently maintained to standard. Approximately 32,000 miles of trails are inside 

wilderness areas. The NFS trails system accommodates approximately 50 million visitor-days of crosscountry skiing, hiking, horseback riding, mountain biking, snowmobiling, and off-highway vehicle use 

each year. The Trails program serves a wide constituency at a relatively low cost. 

The Trails program is delivered through the two following activities. The terms “Capital Improvement” 

and “Maintenance” are used as defined by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) 

Accounting Standards No. 6 (GPO # 041-001-00462-9). 

Maintain Trails (both annual and deferred maintenance) – This activity includes the maintenance and 

operation of system trails, bridges, and trailheads. Maintenance activities include the actions 

necessary to preserve or restore a trail to its original condition in order to provide acceptable service 

and achieve its expected life. Work includes clearing encroaching vegetation and fallen trees; and the 

repair, preventive maintenance, and replacement of trail signs, treadways, water drainage, and 

bridges. Trail maintenance also provides trail accessibility and promotes ecosystem health by 

protecting soil, vegetation, and water quality. 

Improve Trails – Provides for the planning and design, new construction, alteration and expansion of 

trails, trail bridges, and trail appurtenances such as barriers, culverts, fencing, and viewing platforms. 

Work ensures trail systems are accessible, adequately designed, safe, and environmentally 

responsible. In many cases, capital improvements eliminate deferred maintenance. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-17 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocation and Integration 

Funding is allocated based on the existing miles of NFS trails, regional capability, and management of 

National Scenic and Historic Trails. Trail maintenance and improvement is also funded by Capital 

Improvement and Maintenance - Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement, Legacy Roads 

and Trails, and Permanent Appropriation – Roads and Trails (10 percent) Fund. 

 

Partnerships 

The Trails program leverages thousands of hours of trail work from volunteers and youth organizations to 

operate, maintain, and construct thousands of miles of trail each year. Trail crews are one of the primary 

means for the Forest Service to employ young adults and partner with local communities and interest 

groups. In FY 2008, partners contributed approximately $2.1 million in funding for trail operations, and 

maintained and improved over 6,500 miles of trails. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-18 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement

Annual Appropriations $8,958 $9,100 $41 $0 $9,141 0%

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement Total $8,958 $9,100 $41 $0 $9,141 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 16 16 16

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 16 16 16

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Deferred Maintenance & Infrastructure Improvement

Miles of high clearance system roads receiving 

maintenance N/A 0 N/A 44 40 50 10

Miles of passenger car roads receiving maintenance N/A 0 N/A 174 150 175 25

Miles of road reconstruction and capital 

improvement N/A 153 N/A 14 10 20 10

Miles of trails maintained to standard N/A 0 N/A 50 50 50 0

Miles of system trail improved to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 0 0 0

FA&O facilities maintained to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 0 0 0

Number of outdoor recreation facilities maintained 

to standard N/A 0 N/A 0 0 0 0

Table Note: 1) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending

approval at the time of this publication 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The President’s budget proposes $9,141,000 for Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement, 

which reflects the same program level as FY 2009. The requested funds will help the agency reduce the 

deferred maintenance backlog for facilities, roads, and trails. Priority projects will address the most 

critical health and safety infrastructure needs particularly in areas that are heavily used by the public and 

agency employees, such as, replacement of deficient bridges and stream crossings; correcting health and 

safety deficiencies in buildings, campgrounds, and water and wastewater systems; and reconstruction and 

rehabilitation of trails and trail structures. 

In FY 2008, the agency repaired or replaced 1 bridge, maintained 218 road miles, decommissioned 2 road 

miles, improved 14 road miles, and maintained 50 trail miles improving health and safety conditions for 

the public and employees. In addition, over $6.2 million dollars of deferred maintenance was 

eliminated. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-19 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement program provides the maintenance, repair, 

and improvement of the agency’s infrastructure. This portfolio includes approximately 41,500 buildings, 

5,000 water systems, 5,000 wastewater systems, 17,700 recreation sites, 153,000 miles of trails, 6,200 

trail bridges, 6,400 road bridges and 378,000 miles of roads, and additional infrastructure features. This 

portfolio of assets currently has a backlog of $5.1 billion in maintenance needs. 

Infrastructure Improvement includes the construction of new infrastructure, alteration of existing 

infrastructure to change its function, and the expansion of existing infrastructure to increase capacity. 

Improvements are often required to maintain public service capability or recreational opportunities. 

Capital improvement projects eliminate deferred maintenance and provide mission-critical infrastructure. 

Maintenance that is not performed as needed or scheduled is referred to as deferred maintenance. 

Deferred maintenance leads to deterioration of performance, increased costs to repair, and a decrease in 

the value of the infrastructure. Deferred maintenance complements the Facilities, Roads, Trails, and 

Legacy Roads and Trails programs and directs funds specifically toward reducing the backlog of deferred 

maintenance to ensure the safety of the recreating public, agency employees, volunteers, and contractors. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funding is allocated specifically to reduce critical deferred maintenance. Improvements in condition 

assessment surveys drive management decisions and national allocations regarding construction, use, 

maintenance or decommissioning, and disposal of assets. 

In addition to Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement, other programs and authorities are 

available to reduce deferred maintenance, including Capital Improvement and Maintenance – Facilities, 

Roads, Trails, and Legacy Roads and Trails programs; and Permanent Appropriations - Federal Lands 

Recreation Enhancement Fund, Federal Land and Facility Enhancement Fund, Roads and Trails (10 

Percent) Fund, and Operations and Maintenance of Quarters. Through the use of these funds the Forest 

Service is able to direct additional resources that address the significant backlog of deferred maintenance 

on the agency’s infrastructure. 

Partnerships 

The program leverages funds through partnerships with non-profit organizations and volunteers. 

Additional leveraging is accomplished through concessionaire programs, user maintenance fees, and other 

partner based work. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-20 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-21 FY 2010 Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement Major Project List OUTYEAR FUNDING Fire RECREATION RECREATION FA&O FA&O TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL Construction Costs Fac? FACILITIES FACILITIES FACILITIES FACILITIES FACILITIES FACILITIES FACILITIES Beyond FY 10 Forest/Lab Project Name (Y/N) MAINTENANCE IMROVEMENT MAINTENANCE IMPROVEMENT MAINTENANCE IMPROVEMENT FUNDS FACILITIES Payette NF McCall Smoke Jumper Base Reroof & HVAC Y - $ - $ 384 $ - $ 384 $ - $ 384 $ 300 $ TOTAL - $ - $ 384 $ - $ 384 $ - $ 384 $ 300 $ Regionwide Planning & Design N - $ - $ 33 $ - $ 33 $ - $ 33 $ - $ 535 $ Angeles Emigrant Landing Water System N - $ - $ 514 $ - $ 514 $ - $ 514 $ 314 $ TOTAL - $ - $ 547 $ - $ 547 $ - $ 547 $ 314 $ 535 $ Regionwide Minor Improvement Projects N - $ 185 $ - $ 225 $ - $ 410 $ 410 $ 279 $ Umpqua Tiller Water Tank Replacement N - $ - $ 265 $ - $ 265 $ - $ 265 $ 280 $ Gifford-Pinchot Cowlitz Valley Ranger District Waterline Replacement N - $ - $ 250 $ - $ 250 $ - $ 250 $ 270 $ Colville Thomas-Gillette Water System N 278 $ - $ - $ - $ 278 $ - $ 278 $ 282 $ TOTAL 278 $ 185 $ 515 $ 225 $ 793 $ 410 $ 1,203 $ 1,111 $ NFs in Florida Big Bass Campground Sanitation Rehabilitation N 335 $ - $ - $ - $ 335 $ - $ 335 $ 303 $ TOTAL 335 $ - $ - $ - $ 335 $ - $ 335 $ 303 $ Green Mountain Lefferts Pond Dam Rehabilitation N - $ - $ 966 $ - $ 966 $ - $ 966 $ 878 $ 

 TOTAL - $ - $ 966 $ - $ 966 $ - $ 966 $ 878 $ 

Regionwide Planning & Design N - $ - $ 20 $ - $ 20 $ - $ 20 $ - $ 304

Chugach Cordova Bunkhouse Accessibility N - $ - $ 364 $ - $ 364 $ - $ 364 $ 44 $ 

Chugach Alaganik Boat Ramp Replacement N 255 $ - $ - $ - $ 255 $ - $ 255 $ 13 $ 

 TOTAL 255 $ - $ 384 $ - $ 639 $ - $ 639 $ 57 $ 

TOTAL, MAJOR PROJECTS 868 $ 185 $ 2,796 $ 225 $ 3,664 $ 410 $ 4,074 $ 2,963 $ 535 $ 

FY 2010 Facilities Funding Amount of Deferred 

Maintenance 

Eliminated 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Legacy Roads and Trails 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Legacy Roads & Trails

Annual Appropriations $39,766 $50,000 $0 $0 $50,000 0%

Legacy Roads & Trails Total $39,766 $50,000 $0 $0 $50,000 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 66 115 80

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 66 115 80

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Legacy Roads & Trails

Miles of high clearance system roads 

receiving maintenance N/A N/A N/A 900 1,200 1,200 0

Miles of passenger car roads 

receiving maintenance N/A N/A N/A 633 750 750 0

Miles of roads decommissioned N/A N/A N/A 531 550 550 0

Miles of road reconstruction and 

capital improvement N/A N/A N/A 631 1,300 1,300 0

Miles of trails maintained to standard N/A N/A N/A 849 2,585 1,845 -740

Miles of system trail improved to 

standard N/A N/A N/A 22 65 45 -20

Table Note: 1) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending

approval at the time of this publication 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The President’s budget proposes $50,000,000 for Legacy Roads and Trails, which reflects the same 

program level as from FY 2009. Funds will be used for priority road and trail work as authorized by 

Congress. The requested funds help the agency reduce deferred maintenance, address resource protection 

issues, and water quality issues relative to roads and trails. Priorities are given to projects that meet 

multiple objectives authorized under this program. 

In FY 2008, through the Legacy Roads and Trails program, the agency maintained 1,533 miles of roads; 

decommissioned 180 miles of authorized roads, 351 miles of unauthorized roads, and 6 bridges or major 

culverts; improved 631 miles of road; and repaired or replaced 11 bridges or major culverts. In addition, 

the agency maintained 849 miles of trail to standard and improved 22 miles of trail. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-22 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Description 

Program Overview

The Legacy Roads and Trails program, established by Congress in FY 2008, provides for urgently needed 

road decommissioning, where inaction can lead to water quality issues in streams and water bodies which 

support threatened and endangered species (TES) or community water systems; removal or replacement 

of stream crossing structures that are barriers to aquatic organism passage; road and trail repair and 

maintenance and associated activities in environmentally sensitive areas; and repair and maintenance on 

roads and trails subject to recent storm damage. 

The Legacy Roads and Trails program is delivered through the following activities: 

Maintain Passenger Car Roads, Maintain 

High Clearance and Closed Roads, and 

Maintain Trails. – These activities include 

the maintenance of the traveled way; 

drainage facilities; and structures, 

including bridges in environmentally 

sensitive areas. Maintenance is intended 

to enhance water quality, restore aquatic 

passage, and protect NFS resources from 

road related damage. Maintenance may 

include substantial reconstruction work. 

Decommission Roads – Road 

decommissioning activities include 

restoring lands occupied by roads to a 

more natural state. Roads to be 

decommissioned include both system 

roads and unauthorized roads that exist on 

NFS lands that are adversely affecting TES or community water systems. Decommissioning of roads 

is normally not an allowable use of appropriations under 23 USC 205. However, Congress has 

included language in annual appropriations bills authorizing use of Capital Improvement and 

Maintenance funds for road decommissioning. 

MALHEUR NATIONAL FOREST 

BUTTE CREEK CULVERT 

The existing culvert on Butte 

Creek was removed and 

replaced with a bottomless arch 

that provides access to 5.2 

miles of high quality spawning 

and rearing habitat in the John 

Day Basin for the Middle 

Columbia River steelhead, 

Chinook salmon, and bull 

trout. The new culvert was 

designed using a streambed 

simulation process. Precast 

concrete footings were utilized 

to speed the construction 

process and minimize impacts. 

Improve Roads and Improve Trails - These activities include the replacement of bridges or major 

culverts that are barriers to aquatic organism passage, and road and trail surfacing for erosion 

protection (where surfacing was not provided under original construction). 

Allocation and Integration 

The water quality limited stream segments as defined by Section 303d of the Clean Water Act are used to 

establish an estimated acreage of impaired watershed which is used as part of the allocation criteria in 

conjunction with the relative amounts of critical resource deferred maintenance on roads and trails. 

Adjustments may be made between regions based on capability information submitted by the regions and 

any unexpected storms resulting in critical damage unlikely to be reimbursed by the Federal Highway 

Administration’s Emergency Relief for Federally Owned Roads (ERFO) program. 

Coordination across multiple staff program areas (recreation, fisheries, and hydrology) is integral to 

successfully managing the road and trail system to ensure the work accomplished meets the 

environmental needs established under this funding category. 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-23 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 8-24 

In addition to Legacy Roads and Trails, other programs and authorities are available to reduce deferred 

maintenance or address resource issues relative to roads and trails, including Capital Improvement and 

Maintenance –Roads, and Trails; and Permanent Appropriations - Roads and Trails (10 Percent) Fund. 

Partnerships 

The Legacy Roads and Trails program leverages road and trail work with partnership funds and in-kind 

contributions. Partnerships include volunteers, youth organizations, watershed groups, wildlife and 

fisheries organizations, tribes, and private landowners. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Appropriation Land Acquisition 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Land Acquisition

Annual Appropriations $41,827 $49,775 $194 -$21,285 $28,684 -43%

Land Acquisition Total $41,827 $49,775 $194 -$21,285 $28,684 -43%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 64 45 45

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 64 45 45

Land Acquisition Activities

Land Acquisition Management $9,844 $8,000 $194 -$1,194 $7,000 -15%

Purchase Land $31,983 $41,775 $0 -$20,091 $21,684 -48%

Table Note: Purchase Land includes critical inholdings, including wilderness protection and land equalization payments. 

Appropriation Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Acquisition of Lands for National Forest Special Acts

Annual Appropriations $1,037 $1,050 $0 $0 $1,050 0%

Acquisition of Lands for National Forest Special Acts Total $1,037 $1,050 $0 $0 $1,050 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

Appropriation Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges

Annual Appropriations $221 $250 $0 $0 $250 0%

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges Total $221 $250 $0 $0 $250 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

Land Acquisition 9-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Land Acquisition

Number of acres acquired or donated 49,363 125,742 23,105 83,757 25,600 9,380 -16,220

Priority acres acquired or donated that 

reduce the conversion of forests, N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

grasslands, and aquatic and riparian 

ecosystems to incompatible uses in 

order to improve and maintain 

ecological conditions for federally 

listed and candidate species, species 

of concern and species of interest 31,460 20,377 12,700 32,915 20,500 7,500 -13,000

FY 2010 Program Changes

Land Acquisition 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $28,684,000 for Land Acquisition, a $21,285,000 program 

decrease from FY 2009 which is primarily due to the elimination of funding from prior year 

Congressional earmarks for specific projects. In FY 2010, priority will be placed on acquiring the highest 

priority lands displayed in Table A below which will provide public access for high quality outdoor 

recreational opportunities and protect the integrity of undeveloped lands and habitat quality in the 

National Forest System (NFS). Lands acquired using cash equalization and inholding payments will be 

funded from programs under the NFS account (i.e., lands acquired for wildlife purposes will be paid for 

by the Wildlife and Fish Management program). Lands acquired through the Land and Water 

Conservation Fund (L&WCF) help to reduce future management costs; respond to urban and community 

needs, and conserve the integrity of undeveloped lands and their conversion to incompatible uses. 

In FY 2008, the agency surpassed its lands purchase target by 362 percent. This was due to the Eastern 

Region’s receipt of a mineral interest donation from the Stearns Company on the Hiawatha National 

Forest, resulting in Federal surface and subsurface ownership of over 42,000 acres. 

 . 

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests Special Acts; Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land 

Exchanges 

This request also includes $1,050,000 for the Acquisition of Lands for National Forests Special Acts and 

$250,000 for Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges. These programs are funded at the same 

program level as FY 2009. Funds will be used to acquire lands that protect critical watersheds, address 

flood damage areas, and protect forested lands and resources. 

Climate Change 

The Land Acquisition program plays an important role in facilitating the Forest Service and the Nation’s 

response to climate change. These contributions include: acquisition of lands to consolidate critical 

aquatic and terrestrial habitats, acquisition of watersheds that serve as natural reservoirs for downstream 

water supply, and the acquisition of vegetated lands to sequester carbon. Land acquisitions can facilitate 

enhancing ecosystem services such as increased ability of forests to sequester atmospheric carbon, 

retention of snow and water in intact watersheds, and natural processes to maintain water quantity and 

Land Acquisition 9-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

quality. Maintaining these ecosystem services requires an integrated, landscape-level approach across 

land ownerships that can be managed through land purchases. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

Land Acquisition – This program provides for the acquisition of lands, waters, and related interests 

within the NFS for outdoor recreation, conservation of open space, conservation of wildlife and 

threatened and endangered species habitat, watershed protection, resource management, healthy forests 

and grasslands, and public access. 

The program is delivered through the following activities: 

Land Acquisition Management - Covers expenses to complete land acquisitions and donations, 

including costs associated with title search, appraisals, land acquisition surveys, and legal document 

preparation. Acquisition management funds also cover administrative costs associated with 

exchanges and donations when the land acquired through these methods are within an approved 

project area. 

 

Purchase Land - Funds pay for the cost of purchased lands, including critical inholdings for 

wilderness protection, and land equalization cash payments for those exchanges that would otherwise 

qualify for purchase. 

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts – This program provides for the acquisition of 

lands to protect watersheds, minimize soil erosion, and rehabilitate specified national forests in Nevada, 

Utah, and California. 

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges – This program provides for the acquisition of 

lands through land exchanges with funds collected from the exchange or sale of NFS lands with State, 

county, or municipal governments, public school authorities, or non-Federal parties, when in the public 

interest to do so. 

Allocation and Integration 

Projects under the Land Acquisition program are selected using the agency’s Land Acquisition 

Prioritization System (LAPS). Criteria tie the selection process to the Land and Water Conservation 

Fund Act and the agency’s strategic plan goals and objectives, and are used to identify and prioritize 

acquisitions to maximize the greatest public benefit. Congressionally approved project funds are 

allocated to the benefiting regions as soon as all parties are ready to close on the sale of the property. 

Acquisition management funding is allocated to the regions using criteria based on workload and 

performance, including prior year accomplishments, previously unexpended appropriations, and new 

current fiscal year appropriations for projects. 

Partnerships 

The agency cooperates with other Federal agencies, such as the Bureau of Land Management, the 

National Park Service, the Department of Defense, and the U.S. Geological Survey; State, local, and tribal 

governments; conservation organizations, non-Federal exchange parties, and facilitators; and private 

landowners. The program identifies and secures cost-share and partnership opportunities for eliminating 

or reducing redundant efforts. This includes developing and implementing consistent land stewardship 

strategies of mutual interest with other Federal land management agencies and leveraging funds to secure 

Land Acquisition 9-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

high priority resource lands. In particular, the Federal Land Transaction Facilitation Act, operated by the 

Bureau of Land Management, has become a significant source of funding to purchase critical land parcels 

for inclusion in the NFS. 

Table A 

FY 2010 Proposed Land Acquisition Program 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Project Forest State Amount

Agnew Tract (Hurdy Gurdy) Six Rivers CA $1,000 

Garner Home Ranch San Bernardino CA $500 

Big Horn Mine Angeles CA $1,000 

Big Sur Ecosystem Los Padres CA $1,000 

Sierra Nevada Checkerboard Tahoe CA $1,000 

Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest Chattahoochee-Oconee GA $1,000 

Hoosier National Forest Hoosier IN $250 

Great Lakes/Great Lands Ottawa MI $1,500 

Minnesota Wilderness Chippewa/Superior MN $750 

Missouri Ozarks Mark Twain MO $500 

Greater Yellowstone Area Multiple MT $1,000 

Blackfoot Challenge Helena MT $1,000 

White Mountain National Forest White Mountain NH $434 

Bear Creek Ranch (Phase II) Gila NM $1,000 

Imnaha River Canyon, Hells Canyon NRA Wallowa-Whitman OR $1,500 

Allegheny National Forest Allegheny PA $500 

Lady C Ranch Black Hills SD $1,000 

Rocky Fork Watershed Cherokee TN $3,000 

High Uintas Uinta/Wasatch-Cache UT $1,500 

Green Mountain National Forest Green Mountain VT $250 

Cascade Ecosystems Mt. Baker/Wenatchee WA $1,000 

Wisconsin Wild Waterways Chequamegon-Nicolet WI $1,000 

 Total Purchase $21,684 

 Acquisition Management $7,000 

 Critical Inholdings/Wilderness Protection $0 

 Cash Equalization $0 

Total $28,684 

Land Acquisition 9-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Range Betterment Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Range Betterment Fund

Annual Appropriations $2,556 $3,600 $0 $0 $3,600 0%

Range Betterment Fund Total $2,556 $3,600 $0 $0 $3,600 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 15 14 12

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 15 14 12

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Range Betterment Fund

Structures improved 44 270 500 516 500 500 0

Table Note: FY 2006 accomplishment data underreported in the database of record. Reporting instructions clarified for FY 2007 forward. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $3,600,000 for Range Betterment, the same program level as 

FY 2009. This program will emphasize essential structural and non-structural improvements prescribed 

in grazing allotment NEPA decision documents. Treatment of invasive plant species related to permitted 

livestock use will continue to be a priority for non-structural rangeland improvement work. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, 397 structures were constructed or improved using Range Betterment Funds and an 

additional 119 structures through integrated and partnership funds for a total unified accomplishment of 

516 structures. This is three percent over the planned level. Some of the available range betterment funds 

were utilized to accomplish high priority invasive plant species control. Also, ranges structures vary 

significantly in construction cost, resulting in unpredictable planned and accomplishment levels. 

Authorities

Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976; (43 U.S.C. 1751) P.L. 94-579, as amended by, Public 

Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 (43 U.S.C. 1751(b)(1) P.L. 95-514. 

Program Overview

The Range Betterment program utilizes one-half of grazing receipts from national forests in the 16 

Western States for range rehabilitation, protection, and improvements on the national forests from which 

the receipts were collected. Funds are allocated to the region where receipts are collected. Activities 

performed to arrest range deterioration and improve forage conditions include: construction of water 

developments to aid in livestock distribution, building fences to protect sensitive resources, and nonstructural improvements to soil and vegetation cover on NFS lands. These activities enhance or stabilize 

vegetative conditions, improve water quality, maintain riparian areas and stream banks, and conserve 

threatened and endangered plant and animal species. Funds may also be used to treat noxious weeds that 

are present as a result of permitted livestock grazing. 

Other Appropriations 10-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Grazing permittees are significant partners in the implementation of rangeland betterment projects. 

Program funds are leveraged with permittees’ investments to enhance livestock management. This 

partnership also provides a foundation for involving a variety of special interest organizations such as 

Trout Unlimited or State cattlemen’s associations, further enhancing opportunities for rangeland 

betterment. 

Other Appropriations 10-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Forest and 

Rangeland Research 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Gifts, Donations, & Bequests for Research

Annual Appropriations $55 $50 $0 $0 $50 0%

Gifts, Donations, & Bequests for Research Total $55 $50 $0 $0 $50 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $50,000 for Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Forest and 

Rangeland Research, the same level as FY 2009. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, donations were received from individuals as well as businesses for the use of research work 

units and other organizational sub-units to further their research and development programs. The funds 

were used to purchase supplies and equipment, and to offset travel to training and seminars. 

Program Overview

This special account serves for acceptance of gifts, donations, and bequests for deposit that are used to 

establish or operate any forest and rangeland research facility. These gifts or donations can be received 

from outside sources, such as individuals and businesses. 

Other Appropriations 10-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Appropriation Management of National Forest Lands for Subsistence Uses 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Mgt. of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses

Annual Appropriations $4,974 $5,000 $0 -$2,418 $2,582 -48%

Mgt. of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses Total $4,974 $5,000 $0 -$2,418 $2,582 -48%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 21 10 10

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 21 10 10

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The request includes $2,582,000 for the Management of National Forest Lands for Subsistence Uses 

(Subsistence) program, resulting in a $2,418,000 program reduction from FY 2009. Although the program 

is requested below the FY 09 level, the agency will continue to meet its responsibilities under the 1980 

Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) through an integrated management program 

and through use of other National Forest System funds. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service completed 40 management analyses specific to the national forests in 

Alaska. The agency also participated in rulemaking with Department of the Interior agencies across all of 

the Federal public lands in the State. In addition, 10 salmon stock assessments, 5 salmon harvest surveys, 

8 population surveys for game species, and 3 traditional ecological knowledge studies were 

accomplished. Law enforcement personnel spent nearly 4,000 hours conducting fish and wildlife 

enforcement and education. About 80 citations or warnings were issued, and 15 incidents were 

documented. Seven special emphasis patrols were conducted. 

Authorities

Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 3210). This Act authorizes the Secretary of 

Agriculture to issue regulations relevant to the taking of fish and wildlife on public lands in the State of 

Alaska. 

Program Overview

The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) provides rural Alaskan residents a 

subsistence priority to harvest fish and wildlife on Federal lands over sport and commercial uses. The 

statute is in direct conflict with the Alaska State Constitution, which prohibits granting subsistence 

priority to rural residents. As a result, the Federal government assumed responsibility for subsistence 

management on Federal public lands in 1990 and expanded its responsibility to Federally-reserved 

navigable waters in Alaska in 1999. 

The Subsistence program is delivered through the following activities: 

Regulatory – This activity includes an annual cycle of rule promulgation for harvesting fish and 

wildlife, in-season actions to address immediate conservation issues, and administration of harvest 

permits to manage use. The Alaska Regional Forester is delegated to act for the Secretary of 

Agriculture for all aspects of the Federal interagency program. Federal subsistence hunting and 

Other Appropriations 10-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Other Appropriations 10-5

fishing regulations must be reviewed annually to ensure a sustained supply of wild food resources. 

The Forest Service receives up to 120 proposed changes to the existing regulations annually. 

Information gathering – This activity includes fish and wildlife monitoring necessary for regulatory 

purposes and to ensure the conservation of fish and wildlife. Most monitoring is implemented 

through contracts and agreements with tribal and other local organizations, and with the State of 

Alaska. Collection and analysis of critical information is used to substantiate which regulatory 

changes should be implemented, and justification for those which cannot be supported. 

Law enforcement and education – This activity includes enforcement of Federal regulations for the 

taking of fish and wildlife on 22 million acres, approximately 75 waterways and navigable lakes, and 

areas of the Prince William Sound. It also includes education of subsistence users and others to 

reduce the need for enforcement action. Enforcement of Federal subsistence hunting and fishing 

regulations requires protecting the subsistence priority and conserving healthy fish and wildlife 

populations. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Appropriation Wildland Fire Management 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Wildland Fire Management

Annual Appropriations $1,943,477 $2,131,630 $22,201 $84,316 $2,238,147 4%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 $200,000 $0 $0 $0

Wildland Fire Management Total $3,255,477 $2,331,630 $22,201 $84,316 $2,238,147 4%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 13,299 13,382 13,382

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire FTEs 49 49 49

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 13,348 13,431 13,431

Wildland Fire Management

Preparedness $665,819 $675,000 $10,756 -$10,756 $675,000 -2%

Fire Operations - Suppression $845,620 $993,947 $7,445 $127,113 $1,128,505 13%

Hazardous Fuels $310,086 $328,086 $4,000 -$16,801 $315,285 -5%

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration $10,828 $11,500 $0 -$2,500 $9,000 -22%

NFP Research & Development $23,519 $23,917 $0 $0 $23,917 0%

Joint Fire Science Program $7,875 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000 0%

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $14,030 $17,252 $0 -$2,812 $14,440 -16%

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $9,858 $9,928 $0 -$2,928 $7,000 -29%

NFP State Fire Assistance $47,967 $55,000 $0 -$5,000 $50,000 -9%

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $7,875 $9,000 $0 -$2,000 $7,000 -22%

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve

Annual Appropriations $0 $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000 0%

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve Total $0 $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

Wildland Fire Management Programs

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $2,520,147,000 for the Wildland Fire Management 

program, an increase in budget authority of $388,517,000 above FY 2009. This increase includes 

$282,000,000 for a discretionary contingent reserve for firefighting costs related to catastrophic 

wildfires. The proposed amount funds programs that protect life, property, and natural resources 

on 193 million acres of National Forest System (NFS) land and an additional 20 million acres of 

adjacent State and private lands protected through fee or reciprocal protection agreements. The 

FY 2010 President’s Budget also builds off of the investments made through the American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). The ARRA provided $1.15 billion to the Forest Service in order to 

create jobs and help promote economic recovery, including $500 million to fund wildfire management 

projects and the removal of hazardous fuels. 

The President’s Budget responsibly budgets for wildfires by fully funding the 10-year average 

suppression costs, establishing a discretionary contingent reserve, and ensuring fire management 

resources are used in a cost-effective manner in high-priority areas. This Budget will ensure that 

resources are sufficient to allow for other critical Forest Service activities. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The Wildland Fire Management program recognizes the importance of integrating fire as a critical natural 

process in land and resource management plans and activities, managing wildfire across landownership 

boundaries, and applying the best available science. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Preparedness 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Preparedness

Annual Appropriations $665,819 $675,000 $10,756 -$10,756 $675,000 -2%

Preparedness Total $665,819 $675,000 $10,756 -$10,756 $675,000 -2%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 5,415 5,415 5,415

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 5,415 5,415 5,415

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Preparedness

Percent change from the 10-year 

average for the number of wildfires 

controlled during initial attack. -0.4% -1.0% 0.5% -0.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0.0%

Percent change from the 10-year 

average for the number of human 

caused wildfires. 4.5% -0.9% -2.0% 2.0% -1.0% -1.0% 0.0%

Table Note: FY 2008 Actual data as of November, 2008.

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $675,000,000 for the Preparedness program, the same as the 

FY 2009 Budget. The request allows the agency to maintain historic levels of program capability. The 

request funds readiness resources, as displayed below, to efficiently respond to unplanned wildland fires. 

The program’s objective is to protect life, property, and natural resources in an efficient, cost-effective 

manner on 193 million acres of National Forest System land and 20 million acres of adjacent State and 

private lands protected through fee or reciprocal protection agreements. Firefighter and public safety are 

the primary considerations for all operations. 

Resource Summary, FY 2008 - 2010

Resource 

FY08 

Projected 

FY08 

Actual 

FY09 

Planned 

FY10 

Estimated 

Firefighters (FFTR) – Total is inclusive of categories below 10,480 10,480 10,480 10,480 

 Type I Interagency Hot Shot Crews (twenty person) 

67 crews 

1,340 FFTR

67 crews 

1,340 FFTR

67 crews 

1,340 FFTR 

67 crews 

1,340 FFTR

 Other Firefighters 8,420 8420 8,420 8,420 

 Smoke Jumpers 320 320 320 320 

 Prevention Technicians 400 400 400 400 

Engines 950 950 950 950 

Heavy Equipment – Dozers, Tractor Plow Units, Tenders 210 210 210 210 

Helicopters 

 Type 1 18 & [ 17 ] [ 28 ] [up to 33] [up to 33] 

 Type 2 34 31 & [ 10 ] 8 & [ 28 ] [ 36 ] 

 Type 3 53 53 53 [ 53 ] 

Airtankers 

 Large Airtankers1 [up to 20] [ 20 ] [up to 20] [up to 20] 

 Single Engine Airtanker 2 2 2 [ 2 ] 1

 Includes 1 Martin Mars scooper aircraft 

[ ] Indicates contract costs funded by the Suppression Appropriation 

Wildland Fire Management 11-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The agency will continue to emphasize strategies to increase operational efficiency, including: the use of 

Predictive Services to analyze fire season potential to strategically 

deploy firefighting resources; the use of risk-informed, performancebased fire suppression strategies; the deployment of web based 

decision support tools at the incident and landscape scale (e.g., 

Wildland Fire Decision Support System and Fire Program Analysis); 

the development, enhancement, and integration of technology 

applications (Resource Order and Status System, I-SUITE, VIPR, 

etc.); the centralization of aviation assets; the use of exclusive-use 

aviation contracts; and the realignment of leadership and support 

positions where appropriate. 

Wildfire Response Capability 

On average the agency contains 

98 percent of wildfires at less 

than 300 acres. In FY 2008 

resource benefits were achieved 

on over 220,000 acres from 

unplanned fires. 

 

The Forest Service will continue deployment and assessment of the Fire Program Analysis system. The 

system was deployed in FY 2009 with interagency fire planning units scheduled to complete analysis in 

late spring 2009. These will be consolidated through a national analysis and outputs will be used to 

support FY 2010 and 2011 fire planning and budget processes and decisions. The system provides an 

interagency investment analysis of initial response, hazardous fuels, and fire suppression, displaying 

trade-offs between program components relative to performance metrics. In FY 2010, the Forest Service 

will provide $1.15 million for operation and maintenance of the system. The full cost of system 

development through FY 2010 is projected at $43.9 million and is shared equally with the Department of 

the Interior. This does not include approximately $10 million contributed by the five Federal wildland 

fire agencies. Additional information is available at: http://www.fpa.nifc.gov/

Past Performance

The agency’s Wildland Fire Management performance measures identify key program outcome and 

efficiency measures that focus on reducing fire risk. These measures track the agency’s success in 

reducing human caused wildfires and maintaining its ability to effectively control wildfires. In FY 2008, 

the percent of human caused wildfires was two percent above the 10-year average. However, due to a 

decrease in total wildfires, the number of human caused wildfires was more than 1,100 below the 10 year 

average. The measure has significant variability over the 10-year period and is affected by annual 

variations such as natural fire frequency and fire environment conditions. The agency believes that these 

variations account for the small percent increase, and that the frequency of human caused fires is not 

increasing. The agency’s initial attack success rate was within 0.5 percent of the 10-year average and 

indicates that the agency is maintaining its ability to respond effectively to wildfires. Additionally, the 

agency is implementing the National Fire and Aviation Management Strategic Plan which provides a 

framework for cost efficient and effective activities that support agency objectives.

Wildland Fire Management 11-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description

Overview 

This program protects NFS lands from damage 

by wildfires by deploying suppression resources 

commensurate with threats to life, values at risk, 

and land management objectives. It provides 

the basic fire organization capability to prevent 

forest fires and ensure prompt and effective 

initial response operations to wildfires and 

wildland fire use events. Key components of 

mission delivery are readiness capability 

(expressed via resources and capability) and 

program leadership necessary to ensure safe and 

effective operations. Mission delivery also 

includes planning, prevention, detection, 

information and education, training, equipment, 

advancement of technology, program analysis 

and reviews, and other preparedness activities. 

Improving Decisions through 

Deployment of Decision Support Tools 

 Wildland Fire Decision Support System – 

o FSPro – models fire behavior 

o RAVAR – models values at risk 

o Decision Analysis Report – replaces 

WFSA, WFIP & LTIP 

o Budgets – models expected cost 

 National Fire Decision Support Center – provides 

incident decision analyses, including - economics, 

fire behavior, human factors, values, and risk 

 Fire Program Analysis – Analyzes investment 

alternatives relative to performance and trade-offs

Allocation and Integration 

The program allocates funds to regions based on predictable fire activity and anticipated workloads. The 

placement, and associated funding allocations, of specific resources considers logistical and mobilization 

efficiencies. The agency’s overall readiness capability and resource geographical placements have been 

established through various fire planning and budgeting analyses. However, as the fire season develops 

and ongoing risk is assessed, resources are repositioned to ensure timely and effective responses. 

Predictive services and other resources are used to analyze potential seasonal fire activity to guide 

strategic placement of resources. 

The Forest Service, in collaboration with the Department of the Interior, is updating the fire planning and 

budget analysis process through the Fire Program Analysis system. The system analyzes interagency 

investment alternatives for preparedness, hazardous fuels and suppression components and displays tradeoffs relative to performance metrics. The system will be deployed in FY 2009 to support the FY 2011 

budget process and potentially to inform FY 2010 budget execution. A learning period will be required 

for developing analyses and analyzing results as implementation of the system moves forward, with the 

FY 2010 analysis providing more robust information. 

Partnerships 

The program has numerous partnerships with other Federal agencies and States which include protection 

agreements, collaborative research efforts, and development of an interagency fire planning and 

budgeting analysis system (Fire Program Analysis). The agency also collaborates with cooperators in 

training, planning, equipment use contracts, and interagency fire coordination centers. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-5
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Suppression 

Fire Operations - Suppression

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Fire Operations - Suppression

Annual Appropriations $845,620 $993,947 $7,445 $127,113 $1,128,505 13%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $932,000 $200,000 $0 $0 $0

Fire Operations - Suppression Total $1,777,620 $1,193,947 $7,445 $127,113 $1,128,505 11%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Fire Operations - Suppression

Percent of fires not contained in 

initial attack that exceed a Stratified 

Cost Index (SCI) 26.5% 22.0% 20.0% 24.3% 20.0% 19.0% -1.0%

Three-year average percent of fires 

not contained in initial attack that 

exceed a Stratified Cost Index (SCI) N/A 23.9% 23.1% 22.4% 21.3% 20.4% -0.9%

 ** FY 2008 Actual data as of November, 2008.

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes 

$1,128,505,000 for the Suppression program, an 

increase in budget authority of $134,558,000 above 

FY 2009. The request represents the most recent 10-

year average suppression cost adjusted for inflation 

and includes indirect costs as required by Congress. 

Further, in recognition that the 10-year average may 

not always be sufficient, the Budget also proposes a 

$282,000,000 discretionary contingent reserve for 

fighting catastrophic wildfires. See next section. 

Responding to Escalating Costs 

In response to escalating fire suppression costs, the 

Forest Service is taking aggressive steps to ensure 

appropriate governance of suppression funds. These 

steps focus on accountability, funds management, and 

incentives. Specific FY 2010 strategies include: 

 Decision Support Tools – Enables managers to 

make improved risk informed wildland fire 

decisions based on state-of-the-art science

 Federal Wildland Fire Policy Guidance Update –

Recognizes the benefits of unplanned fires on the 

landscape through risk informed management 

 Senior Fire Leadership Council – Provides 

program and policy guidance and oversight by 

regional & national level agency executives 

 Line Officer Certification – Provides guidance to 

ensure line officers are certified at the appropriate 

levels of incident responsibility 

 Performance – Evaluates incidents relative to risk 

informed budgets and capability metrics and 

supports cost effective operations in high priority 

areas 

 Funds Management – Establishes fiscal boundaries 

and monitoring protocols for incidents and the 

suppression appropriation. Supports responsible 

budgets for wildfires

 Incentives – Recognizes and rewards successful 

outcomes

Suppression funds provide resources to suppress 

wildland fires on or threatening NFS lands and other 

Federal and non-Federal lands under fire protection 

agreements. The funding for the Wildland Fire 

Suppression program will enable the agency to 

respond to unplanned wildland fire incidents which 

threaten lives, property, and resources on more than 

210 million acres of agency protected lands. 

In recent years, fires have become larger and more 

difficult to control due to a variety of factors, 

including climate change, persistent drought and 

hazardous fuels conditions, and the increased 

magnitude and complexity of the Wildland-Urban 

Wildland Fire Management 11-6
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Interface (WUI). As application of Federal firefighting resources on both Federal and non-Federal land to 

address these fires has grown, these costs escalate, as does the 10-year average of annual fire suppression 

expenditures.

The agency recognizes the significance of WUI on suppression costs and will aggressively pursue cost 

mitigation measures including: focusing hazardous fuel treatments in the WUI; utilizing risk-informed 

performance based suppression strategies; clarifying roles and responsibilities in the WUI; utilizing 

appropriate cost share agreements; and deploying decision support tools. 

Decision support models assist managers 

in prioritizing and matching strategies, 

tactics and firefighting resources 

 FSPro - calculates and spatially 

displays the probability of fire spread 

 RAVAR – spatially displays the 

resource values to be protected 

In FY 2010, the Forest Service will continue deployment of the Wildland Fire Decision Support System 

(WFDSS). This system is structured to provide access to a suite of decision support tools, document fire 

management decisions, and provide a long term operational plan as needed. It supports managers in 

analyzing risks and making improved decisions regarding 

strategies and tactics on wildland fires. The agency is 

deploying a new decision analysis process through 

WFDSS to replace current processes - the Wildland Fire 

Support Analysis, the Wildland Fire Implementation Plan, 

and the Long Term Implementation Plan. Implementation 

of the updated guidance for the Federal Wildland Fire 

Policy will also be supported by WFDSS and the new 

National Fire Decision Support Center (NFDSC). 

The agency will continue implementation of a science based strategy to include non-catastrophic acres 

burned in wildfire incidents as acres treated. The basis for this inclusion is an analysis of the projected 

benefits of burned acres trending toward desired conditions, including hazardous fuels reduction. The 

agency will also continue implementation of an integrated system to procure and allocate firefighting 

assets that improves effectiveness and efficiency. 

Past Performance

The agency’s Wildland Fire Management performance measures identify key program outcome and 

efficiency measures that focus on reducing fire risk. To help analyze suppression costs the agency uses 

an efficiency measure that compares actual to expected suppression costs via a stratified cost index (SCI). 

SCI is developed geographically based on the preceding 10 years’ large fires and indicates those fires 

with costs more than one standard deviation higher or lower than expected. In real time, the SCI provides 

a comparison of a fire’s expenditures to historical fires with similar characteristics, increasing cost 

awareness and providing a basis for a budget for an incident. 

By analyzing fires through the SCI, the agency identifies management approaches which may enhance 

efficiency without compromising safety, and may actually improve safety. SCI is also used to monitor 

mid- and long-term suppression expenditure trends. The number of incidents exceeding the SCI 

increased from 22 percent in FY 2007 to 24.3 percent in FY 2008. Contributing factors included rising 

fuel and aviation costs. The agency believes that overall, its measures to manage increasing costs were 

effective as indicated in the three-year average SCI, which decreased by 1.5 percent from FY 2007 to FY 

2008. The agency will continue to strive to increase incident management efficiency. To that end, the 

agency is implementing the National Fire and Aviation Management Strategic Plan which provides a 

framework for cost efficient and effective activities that support agency objectives and other cost 

management actions identified in the previous section. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-7
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description

This program provides resources to efficiently suppress wildland fires on or threatening NFS lands and 

other Federal and non-Federal lands under fire protection agreements. The program funds firefighter 

salaries, equipment operation, aviation assets, incident support costs, administrative costs, and other costs 

associated with fire suppression. The agency provides suppression resources to the Department of the 

Interior on a reciprocal non-reimbursement basis. In addition, the Suppression Program funds personnel 

and resources for the following activities: 

Attainment of Resource Benefits (formerly Wildland Fire Use) - Management of unplanned wildland fires 

on NFS lands to accomplish resource management, ecological restoration, and fuels reduction goals 

consistent with the revised guidance for the implementation of the federal wildland fire policy and land 

management plan direction. 

Burned Area Emergency Response - Post-fire actions on NFS lands to prevent or minimize unacceptable 

erosion and loss of soil productivity, deterioration of water quality and downstream damage, changes to 

ecosystem function, establishment of non-native invasive species, and degradation of cultural and natural 

resources. 

Severity - Increases readiness and response capability when predicted or actual burning conditions exceed 

those planned and when ignitions are deemed imminent. This is also used during early or extended fire 

seasons. 

Non-fire Emergency Management - Supports the Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency 

Management Agency through Forest Service participation in the National Response Framework and other 

activities authorized by the Stafford Act 42 U.S.C. 5121, as amended. 

This program places an emphasis on contracting efficiencies, management accountability, risk informed 

decisions, and decision support tools that will help the agency identify and implement efficiencies that 

contribute to cost reductions and efficient management. Specific actions will include: utilizing an 

integrated system to procure firefighting assets; strengthening funds management by establishing fiscal 

boundaries and monitoring protocols; establishing incident performance metrics; estimating and 

monitoring budgets for large fires; and implementing updated guidance for the Federal Wildland Fire 

Policy supported by the WFDSS and NFDSC. 

Partnerships

The agency maintains strong partnerships with other Federal agencies, States, local government entities, 

and contractors which are essential to ensure protection of life, property, and resources through cost 

effective and efficient operations. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent of

Program 

Change

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve

Annual Appropriations $0 $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000 0%

Wildland Fire Suppression Contingency Reserve Total $0 $0 $0 $282,000 $282,000 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

Description

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes a discretionary contingent reserve of $282 million in a separate 

Treasury account that responsibly budgets for wildfires and ensures fire management resources are used 

in a cost-effective manner in high-priority areas where they will do the most good. These funds would be 

available to the Secretary subject to the issuance of a Presidential Finding when the suppression 

appropriation, fully funded at the ten-year average, is exhausted and certain objective criteria are met. 

The fund would help address the challenges of budgeting for fire suppression and enable the agency to 

respond to wildfires. Coupled with program reforms such as strategic and operational protocols and, 

improved oversight, and use of a risk management framework that ensure fire management resources are 

appropriately focused, the President’s Budget ensures that fire management resources are sufficient to 

allow for other critical Forest Service activities by minimizing the potential for the agency’s need to 

transfer funds from other Forest Service accounts to suppression. 

Contingency Reserve Overview 

 President’s Budget recommends 

o budget cap adjustment of $282 million 

o separate TAFS assigned to Secretary 

 Congressional budget resolutions 

o provide for budget cap adjustment 

o establish TAFS with fund disbursement conditioned on presidential finding 

 Congressional actions 

o fully fund 10-year average 

o fully fund contingent reserve 

 Executive branch apportions funds to Secretary after issuance of presidential finding 

Background

Although the total number of fire on National Forest System lands 

have decreased in recent years, they have become larger and more 

difficult to control due to a variety of factors, including climate 

change, persistent drought and accumulation of hazardous fuels 

due in large part to past suppression and management activities, 

and the increased magnitude and complexity of WUI. As fire 

seasons have been extended and agency deployment of resources 

has increased costs, annual fire suppression expenditures have 

routinely exceeded the ten-year average. When this occurs, the 

Forest Service uses its authority to transfer funds from other nonFire Transfers Impact Agency 

Mission 

Over $2 billion have been 

transferred from other Forest 

Service program areas to 

Suppression since 2002 affecting 

Forest Service activities. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

fire accounts into fire suppression. Since 2002, the Forest Service has transferred over $2 billion from 

other accounts to cover these additional costs. These transfers result in significant disruptions in the 

agency’s ability to deliver its program of work, even when the transferred funds are repaid through 

supplemental appropriations. 

Responsibly Budgeting for Fire

The President’s Budget recommends that the FY 2010 House and Senate budget resolutions include 

language providing for i) a budget cap adjustment of $282,000,000 for a contingent reserve for the US 

Department of Agriculture and $75,000,000 for the Department of the Interior, and ii) a separate Treasury 

Appropriation Fund Symbol (TAFS) for the contingent reserve that is assigned to the Secretary of 

Agriculture and to the Secretary of the Interior, as appropriate. 

The budget resolution language would also specify that the cap adjustment is available solely at the level 

requested, and i) is contingent upon exhaustion of the appropriated 10-year average, and ii) would apply 

only to contingent reserve funds appropriated to the separate Treasury Symbol that is accessible only after 

issuance of a presidential finding. Funds would be apportioned to the Secretary after the issuance of a 

presidential finding that confirms the agency has exhausted the appropriated 10-year average and details 

the existence of certain protocols and objective criteria. 

Further, to ensure uninterrupted operations, authority for the agency to transfer funds from non-fire 

accounts to maintain ongoing suppression operations would be continued subject to the 10-year average 

and contingent reserve being exhausted. 

Protocols and Objective Criteria

The reserve would be accessed when the suppression appropriation is depleted and specific protocols and 

objective criteria are met. The Forest Service, in collaboration with USDA Office of Budget and Program 

Analysis representatives, would develop the protocols and criteria governing the use and availability of 

the reserve funds. These protocols and criteria, and processes that apply to them, are designed to avoid 

disruption of the orderly execution of wildland fire suppression operations. This helps to ensure safe and 

effective operations continue through the transition from the use of suppression funds to use of the reserve 

funds. 

The protocols and criteria include fire management reforms that improve decision-making to promote 

safe, cost-effective and accountable outcomes from investments made in managing fire on landscapes. 

Those reforms and other initiatives identified in the President’s Suppression and Preparedness proposals, 

ensure that resources are focused where they would be the most effective while considering firefighter 

and public safety, values at risk, costs, and other factors. 

The protocols and criteria also include considerations such as the extent, intensity, and complexity of 

wildfire activity, resources and values currently and potentially threatened, and the potential duration of 

the fire season and activity. In addition, critical reforms that the agency is moving forward in FY 2009 

will be an integral component of the protocols and criteria. These reforms include: 

 Development and application of performance metrics associated with resource applications and 

their effectiveness on large fires and establishing fiscal boundaries for suppression expenditures 

with active oversight and monitoring protocols; 

Wildland Fire Management 11-10
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Development and deployment of a protocol-based resource allocation system/model in order for 

geographic area and multi-agency coordination centers to make risk informed optimal resource 

allocation decisions during periods of likely and actual high fire activity; and 

 Implementation of a national risk management framework for managing the inherent risks of 

wildland fires, including air and ground operations, that classifies all fires into different risk 

categories and associates mitigation measures commensurate with each category. 

The development and implementation of risk management protocols for agency administrator decisions 

and incident command team operations include specifications for integrating decision-making by policy 

officials in circumstances that vary from these protocols, particularly when risk to firefighters is increased 

or the applications of resources is likely to be ineffective. 

Two science based metrics will be prototyped in FY 2009 through WFDSS. The first, a forward looking 

metric, “exposure index”, will consider firefighter exposure relative to line building capability as 

compared to a fire probability contour, or perimeter, as defined by the Fire Spread Probability (FSPro) 

model. The second, a rearward looking metric, “estimated cost”, will compare actual suppression costs 

against historical costs for similar fires based on the potential fire size and cost defined by the FSPro 

model and SCI, adjusted for risk by the level of structures at risk. 

This overall process requires and includes continuous engagement of agency executive level leadership, 

fire and aviation management leadership, and USDA policy officials. As the complexity and 

consequences of wildfire management and expenditure decisions escalates, so will the engagement of 

these entities resulting in shared leadership and risks. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-11
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Fire Operations - Other

Annual Appropriations $432,038 $462,683 $4,000 -$32,041 $434,642 -7%

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $380,000 $0 $0 $0 $0

Fire Operations - Other Total $812,038 $462,683 $4,000 -$32,041 $434,642 -7%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2,386 2,469 2,469

Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire FTEs 49 49 49

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2,435 2,518 2,518

Fire Operations - Other

Hazardous Fuels $310,086 $328,086 $4,000 -$16,801 $315,285 -5%

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration $10,828 $11,500 $0 -$2,500 $9,000 -22%

NFP Research & Development $23,519 $23,917 $0 $0 $23,917 0%

Joint Fire Science Program $7,875 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000 0%

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands $14,030 $17,252 $0 -$2,812 $14,440 -16%

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands $9,858 $9,928 $0 -$2,928 $7,000 -29%

NFP State Fire Assistance $47,967 $55,000 $0 -$5,000 $50,000 -9%

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $7,875 $9,000 $0 -$2,000 $7,000 -22%

Wildland Fire Management 11-12
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other

 Hazardous Fuels 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Hazardous Fuels

Annual Appropriations $310,086 $328,086 $4,000 -$16,801 $315,285 -5%

Hazardous Fuels Total $310,086 $328,086 $4,000 -$16,801 $315,285 -5%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2,117 2,200 2,200

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2,117 2,200 2,200

Hazardous Fuels Activities

Non-Wildland-Urban Hazardous Fuels $76,937 $79,732 $1,218 -$3,747 $77,203 -5%

Wildland-Urban Hazardous Fuels $233,149 $248,354 $2,782 -$13,054 $238,082 -5%

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Hazardous Fuels

Total acres treated in wildland-urban 

interface (WUI) and non-WUI and 

also acres treated for other vegetation 

management activities that achieved 

fire objectives as a secondary benefit. 2,547,586 3,026,707 2,950,000 3,038,277 2,485,000 2,100,000 -385,000

Percentage of total National Forest

System land base for which fire risk 

is reduced though movement to a 

better condition class. 1.1% 1.9% 3.0% 2.1% 3.0% 3.0% 0.0%

Number of acres maintained and 

improved by treatment category 

(prescribed fire, mechanical 

treatment, and wildland fire use). N/A N/A N/A 1,211,395 1,200,000 1,300,000 100,000

Percent of acres maintained and 

improved by treatment category 

(prescribed fire, mechanical 

treatment, and wildland fire use) that 

changed condition class. N/A N/A N/A 27% 27% 30% 3%

Number of acres restored and

maintained per million dollars gross 

investment. N/A N/A N/A 4,103 4,100 3,900 -200

Acres moved to a better condition 

class per million dollars gross 

investment. 1,934 1,809 2,700 1,721 1,500 1,500 0

Number of acres treated to restore 

fire-adapted ecosystems which are 

moved toward desired conditions 991,075 970,641 1,180,000 699,062 1,107,100 1,180,000 72,900

Percent of acres treated to restore fireadapted ecosystems which are moved 

toward desired conditions 39% 32% 40% 23% 42% 49% 7%

Number of acres treated to restore 

fire-adapted ecosystems which are 

maintained in desired conditions. 830,081 1,022,144 1,121,000 986,507 1,054,000 1,128,000 74,000

Percent of acres treated to restore fireadapted ecosystems which are 

maintained in desired conditions. 33.0% 33.0% 38.0% 32.0% 40.0% 47.0% 7.0%

Percent of treated acres identified in 

Community Wildfire Protection 

Plans or equivalent plans. 17.0% 24.7% 28.0% 36.0% 28.0% 41.0% 13.0%

Table Note:

1) For those measures dealing with acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems (1) maintained in desired condition or (2) moved toward 

desired conditions, see footnotes on page 3.8 (Strategic Plan and Performance Management, Ch.3). 

2) These performance targets do not include expected ARRA funded accomplishments, as ARRA program plans are pending OMB approval at 

time of this publication. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-13
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $315,285,000 for the Hazardous Fuels program, a decrease in 

budget authority of $12,801,000 from FY 2009. The Forest Service will reduce fuels on approximately 

2,100,000 acres of national forest and adjacent lands, focusing on treating acres in the WUI and meeting 

the goals of the Healthy Forest Restoration Act. The declining accomplishment is due to increased costs 

related to a higher percentage of treatments in the more complex WUI areas. 

The strategy of focusing on the WUI will help deter large, destructive, and costly wildfires, thereby 

protecting both communities and natural resources, reducing safety risks to firefighters and the public, 

and reducing wildfire suppression costs. In FY 2010, all Hazardous Fuels funds will be allocated using 

the Hazardous Fuels Prioritization Allocation System (HFPAS), which ranks and prioritizes allocations 

based on factors such as fire potential, values at risk, efficiency of treatments, and effectiveness of 

treatments. Moreover, at least 40 percent of hazardous fuels funds allocated to regions will be used to 

improve the fire regime condition class on at least 300,000 acres by the end of FY 2010. 

Since FY 2005, the Hazardous Fuels program has provided funding for a successful biomass grants 

program administered by the Technology Marketing Unit at the Forest Products Lab. Grants are targeted 

toward small businesses to help build capacity for biomass utilization in support of fuel reduction and 

restoration. Biomass utilization will result in more diverse forest, woodland, and rangeland ecosystems 

and provide an alternative residue management strategy contributing to rural economic vitality and 

national energy security. In FY 2008, the Interagency Woody Biomass Utilization Working Group 

published a Forest Service desk guide to help land managers start or build upon existing biomass 

utilization programs. Forest land owners can now access an interagency website, 

http://www.forestsandrangelands.gov/woody_biomass/opportunities.shtml for information on issues like 

feedstock supply chain, partnerships, technical assistance, markets, science, and technology. As of FY 

2008, the agency has awarded a total of $19 million dollars to 78 grant recipients in 19 states. In FY 2010, 

the Hazardous Fuels program will fund the grant program at $5 million dollars. In FY 2008 reporting 

indicates that at least one million tons of green biomass was used from NFS lands. 

Climate Change 

The changing climate and long-term drought is affecting wildland fire in America’s forests. All climate 

models forecast continued warming due to projected increases in greenhouse gases from fossil fuel 

emissions and loss of productive forestland. Changes in precipitation and humidity, temperature 

(including means and extremes), and intensity and frequency of extreme weather events have resulted in 

dramatic changes in wildland fire intensity and number of acres burned in recent years. These changes 

ultimately result in a longer fire season and a much higher resistance to fire suppression efforts. 

Firefighters and the public are at greater risk and the cost of suppression is dramatically increased. 

Hazardous fuels planning and program implementation, which includes significant use of fire, is critical 

to ecosystem health and potential adaptability of forested lands to impending climate change and effects 

of drought. Increasing the use of fire is necessary for the retention of long term carbon sequestration 

capability of national forest managed lands. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-14
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Past Performance

The Hazardous Fuels program efficiently utilized funds and resources in FY 2008 to exceed its acreage 

target (over 2.9 million acres) for fuels treatments on national forest and adjacent lands. In addition, 

targets were exceeded for WUI treatments and treatment of areas identified in Community Wildfire 

Protection Plans. These targets were met despite substantial cost increases for fuel (diesel and aviation 

gas) and a challenging 2008 wildfire season which limited personnel availability for projects. Many 

wildfires that occurred in 2008 showed the beneficial effects of fuels treatments by allowing for increased 

firefighter safety, reduced suppression costs, minimization of suppression impacts and resource damage 

from wildfires, and opportunities to meet resource objectives for areas. 

While the Forest Service achieved fuel reduction results planned for all acres treated to restore fireadapted ecosystems, acres moved toward and maintained in desired conditions were below the results 

planned. A variety of factors influenced the ability to meet these goals, including weather, resource 

availability, the price of fuel (diesel and aviation gas), and the number of treatments required. The agency 

continues to target more strategic acres for treatment, many of which are in the more costly WUI. The 

Forest Service achieved the annual results planned for the measure “percentage of acres treated in the 

Wildland Urban Interface that have been identified in Community Wildfire Protection Plans”. 

Natural processes, such as long-term drought and the severity of the fire season, as well as resource 

availability, affect the “acres treated to restore fire-adapted ecosystems” measure, resulting in fluctuations 

in annual performance and trend. For example, the different regions experienced very different weather 

conditions throughout the year, affecting their ability to conduct prescribed fire treatments. The number 

and intensity of wildland fires in California during this fire season required vast amounts of resources 

from other regions, which made it difficult to meet all performance goals. While the agency continues to 

meet “total acres treated” goals, it often takes multiple treatments to move an area towards desired 

condition and it may take repeated entries over time to maintain an area in desired condition. In addition, 

numerous types of projects contribute towards achievement of treatment goals, not all of which are 

specifically designed to change fire regime condition class (the method currently used to calculate 

movement toward and maintenance in desired condition). For example, many treatments are designed to 

protect communities or sensitive watersheds. These types of treatments may not actually change 

condition class, though they achieve their hazard reduction goals. Lastly, the agency continues to 

increase its focus on treating more strategic acres, many of which are in the more costly WUI areas. All 

of these factors affect the agency’s ability to meet these planned goals for moving and maintaining acres 

in desired conditions. 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The Hazardous Fuels reduction program manipulates vegetation to create and maintain resilient and 

sustainable landscapes. The program reduces quantity or changes the arrangement of living and dead 

hazardous fuels on forests, woodlands, shrublands, and grasslands through prescribed burning, 

mechanical treatments, and other methods. Thereby, restoring fire-adapted ecosystems and reducing the 

intensity, severity, or effects of wildland fire to within acceptable ecological parameters that are 

consistent with land management plan objectives. The fuels treatment program focuses on reducing the 

risks of wildland fire and long-term damage to resources and property. The program priorities are in WUI 

areas and in fire-adapted ecosystems that present the greatest opportunity for restoration and protection. 

Hazardous fuels reduction treatments have dramatically altered problem fire behavior and enabled 

wildland firefighters to suppress wildfires more safely and cost-effectively. Many successful wildland 

firefighting operations can be attributed to an active hazardous fuels reduction program. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-15
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The LANDFIRE system continues to be a priority project for the Hazardous Fuels program. This fiveyear, multi-partner project is producing a consistent and comprehensive national vegetation and fuel map 

covering all ownerships in the United States. LANDFIRE mapping was completed for the continental 

United States in FY 2008. Mapping of Alaska and Hawaii will be completed in 2009. LANDFIRE 

products help land managers prioritize areas for hazardous fuel reduction and ecological restoration, and 

are routinely used to support wildland fire suppression decisions. Specifically, they support HFPAS, Fire 

Program Analysis, WFDSS, and the State and Private Forestry Redesign analysis tool. They will also 

feed directly into the Southern States Wildfire Risk Assessment. The project has consistently been on 

time and on budget. In FY 2009 LANDFIRE completes its development phase. During FYs 2008, 2009 

and 2010 the program transitions into a lower cost operations and maintenance mode. 

Allocation and Integration 

Hazardous Fuels allocation uses the HFPAS 

model. This model allows national, regional, 

and forest level managers to geospatially map 

fire potential, risk assessment, and other 

priorities. National priorities include reducing 

wildfire risk in areas of high potential for 

wildland fire events designated as WUI or Fire 

Regime Condition Class 2 and 3, opportunities 

to address other forest restoration needs, and 

cost-effective use of funds. 

Fuel Treatment Effectiveness 

The 2008 Gunbarrel Wildland Fire incident is an 

example of the effectiveness of landscape-scale fuels 

treatment. The fire was located on the Shoshone 

National Forest in Park County, Wyoming, a key 

gateway to Yellowstone National Park. Mechanical 

and prescribed fire treatments were used in an area that 

included wildland-urban interface, wilderness, and high 

tree mortality from beetles and other causes. The 

Incident Command was able to manage the wildfire 

with techniques (such as point protection) unavailable 

without prior hazardous fuels mitigation planning and 

treatments. As a result, the Gunbarrel Fire was 

managed inside and outside of wilderness to 

accomplish resource objectives, restore healthy forests, 

and provide increased firefighter and public safety. 

Program managers work extensively with other 

vegetative treatment programs (Forest Products, 

Wildlife, and Vegetation and Watershed 

Management) to integrate work to most 

efficiently and effectively meet agency goals. 

Integration with these programs results in 

significant benefits in both the reduction of 

hazardous fuels and restoration of fire-adapted 

ecosystems.

Partnerships 

In addition to the integrated efforts within the Forest Service, the hazardous fuels reduction program 

works with outside partners to address the wildland fire threats on other Federal, State, and private lands. 

The agency makes efficient use of available authorities to conduct fuel treatments on adjacent nonFederal lands, partner with local communities in the development of Community Wildfire Protection 

Plans, coordinate fuel treatment programs with Department of the Interior agencies, and conduct 

treatments on NFS lands with non-governmental organizations. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-16
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other 

 Rehabilitation and Restoration

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration

Annual Appropriations $10,828 $11,500 $0 -$2,500 $9,000 -22%

NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration Total $10,828 $11,500 $0 -$2,500 $9,000 -22%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 43 43 43

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 43 43 43

* Previously used performance measure has been discontinued. New measure is under development. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 budget request for Rehabilitation and Restoration is 9,000,000, reflecting a decrease in 

budget authority of $2,500,000 from FY 2009. Emphasis continues to be on the reestablishment of native 

vegetation on NFS lands impacted by wildfire. High priority is placed on establishment of plant species 

with broad range adaptability, or identified as suitable for facilitating adaptation, of ecosystems in 

response to the effects of climate change or other environmental factors. Benefits include prevention of 

erosion, watershed stabilization, wildlife and fisheries habitat recovery, and reducing or eliminating the 

establishment of exotic or invasive plant species. 

In FY 2008, 136 post fire rehabilitation projects were completed using Rehabilitation and Restoration 

funds. Over 27,200 acres were treated, including approximately 4,700 acres of reforestation, 8,800 acres 

of invasive species control, over 3,900 acres of hazardous fuel reduction, and over 7,400 acres of habitat 

restoration. Other accomplishments include development of native plant material sources in every region 

and restoration of numerous range improvements, heritage resource sites, and recreation facilities. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Rehabilitation and Restoration program restores NFS forest and rangelands impacted by wildfire, 

addressing post-Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation (BAER) needs on lands unlikely to recover 

naturally from wildland fire damage. Projects focus on restoring watershed function, including protection 

of soil, water resources, biological communities, and prevention of invasive species. Rehabilitation 

projects consist of planning, implementing, and monitoring for up to three years, and may include 

reforestation; watershed restoration; treatment of invasive species; terrestrial and aquatic habitat 

restoration; stabilization of roads, drainage systems, and trails; and rehabilitation of heritage resource 

sites, developed recreation facilities, range improvements, and other impacted facilities. 

Allocation and Integration 

Rehabilitation funds are distributed to regions based on the percentage of severely burned lands in each 

region during the previous five years, and native plant materials funds are distributed based on a 

competitive selection of projects submitted by regions. High priority fire restoration needs typically 

exceed available Rehabilitation and Restoration funds. These additional needs are prioritized along with 

other program work to ensure that the highest priority needs are met using available National Forest 

System and Capital Improvement and Maintenance funding. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-17
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Partnerships 

A portion of Rehabilitation and Restoration program funding is matched with money from American 

Forests for procurement of both shrub and tree seedlings, and to cover associated activities necessary for 

the establishment of forest vegetation used in post-fire reforestation projects. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-18
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other

 Research and Development 

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP Research & Development

Annual Appropriations $23,519 $23,917 $0 $0 $23,917 0%

NFP Research & Development Total $23,519 $23,917 $0 $0 $23,917 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 122 122 122

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 122 122 122

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

NFP Research & Development

Customer satisfaction index score for 

R&D 72 72 72 72 73 73 0

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $23,917,000 for Research and Development (R&D) in this 

appropriation, which reflects the same budget authority as FY 2009. Funds will continue to maintain 

current levels of support for development and delivery of knowledge and technologies. Research 

addressing effects and effectiveness of hazardous fuel treatments, biomass use, and other activities 

intended to ensure the health and sustainability of fire-impacted forest and rangeland systems will 

continue to be a priority. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the WFDSS was deployed on over 100 large wildland fires providing enhanced information 

for decision making. This program supported integration of FSPro and Rapid Assessment of Values at 

Risk (RAVAR) into WFDSS, through the development of a website which allows users access to 

WFDSS, and use of the system on wildland fires.This program developed new knowledge and tools 

related to the placement and interactions of communities and individuals in the wildland environment, 

facilitating better estimates of the impacts of fire on communities, and improving information for 

planners. 

In addition, in FY 2008 FS R&D started the integration process of Fire Research and Management 

Exchange System-University of Idaho (FRAMES) and National Center for Landscape Fire Analysis 

(NCLFA) into a Wildland Fire Decision Support – Science Partnership. The partnership will work to 

deliver science-based wildland fire decision support in four areas: (1) fire decision support for appropriate 

wildland fire management response, (2) programmatic fire planning, (3) fuel management and ecosystem 

restoration, and (4) science delivery. The partnership’s collective efforts will improve operational 

effectiveness of fire suppression and fuel treatments via an integrated system analysis of landscape 

characteristics; provide better accountability of investments and expenditures by developing assessment 

and monitoring systems that evaluate real-time operational effectiveness; and contribute to the 

development and continuing education of wildland fire managers, agency administrators, and the general 

public. 

Program Description

Wildland Fire Management 11-19
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Overview 

The R&D program conducts research to support management of fire-affected ecosystems, to sustain forest 

health, and to reduce the risk of damaging wildland fires in the context of changing social and physical 

environments. The R&D program is managed under a strategic plan that outlines five portfolio areas: 

Core Fire Science, Ecological and Environmental Fire Science, Social Fire Science, Integrated Fire and 

Fuels Management Research, and Science Application. These Portfolios are designed to focus activities 

on the most important needs for science-based tools and information over the next 10 years. 

New knowledge and technology improve on-the-ground operations by providing better risk assessments 

to support fire season planning and appropriate management response, evaluating effects of fuel 

treatments restoration activities, and post fire emergency treatments, making up-to-date research 

information more readily accessible to planners and policy makers, and providing new information and 

tools integrating social and economic considerations into fire and fuel management. 

R&D funds support resources needed to maintain a fire research program that is focused on the changing 

needs of users in the fire and land management communities. R&D is leveraged with other research 

funding and the Joint Fire Science Program to provide complementary efforts that address current and 

future needs. 

The WFDSS will be fully implemented by the Forest Service in FY 2009. In FY 2010 the system will 

undergo further development and enhancement, including integrating additional predictive capabilities. 

Agencies in the Department of the Interior may adopt WFDSS in 2010. 

Allocation and Integration 

A Wildland Fire Strategic Program Area (SPA) team and Portfolio teams evaluate and recommend 

allocations of R&D funds annually. In FY 2010 allocations will address recommendations from a 

Wildland Fire R&D external peer review completed in FY 2007. The role of the SPA and Portfolio teams 

is to enhance integration and collaboration across stations. 

Partnerships 

Partnerships with users and other research organizations are a fundamental component of Forest Service 

fire research. These include Federal agencies, such as the Department of the Interior, National Air and 

Space Administration, Department of Defense, Department of Energy, National Institute of Standards and 

Technology, Natural Resource Conservation Service, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric 

Administration; a number of national forests; 75 U.S. colleges and universities; non-governmental 

organizations, such as the Nature Conservancy; State and local governments; industry partners; and 

international organizations. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-20
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other

 Joint Fire Science Program 

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

Joint Fire Science Program

Annual Appropriations $7,875 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000 0%

Joint Fire Science Program Total $7,875 $8,000 $0 $0 $8,000 0%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 2 2 2

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 2 2 2

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $8,000,000 for the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP), which 

is no change from the FY 2009 budget authority. The JFSP will continue to produce important technical 

and scientific information that is needed to support the large national effort concerning hazardous fuels, 

fire management, and fire-related restoration. Forest Service Research and Development will continue to 

work jointly with the Department of the Interior (DOI) in managing the program and setting priorities. 

Past Performance

At the beninning of FY 2008, the program had 138 active projects, 57 of which were completed in 2008. 

In addition, 33 new projects were begun based on proposals funded in 2008. Areas in which awards were 

made in FY 2008 include: fuel treatment effectivness duration, Eastern U.S. invasive species and fire, fire 

in deep organic soils, strategies and tactics employed on wildland fires, evaluation of smoke and 

emissions models, and unique research opportunities afforded by 2007 wildland fires. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

JFSP is an interagency fire research and development partnership between the Departments of Interior 

and Agriculture. JFSP contributes to sound decision-making and project implementation through credible 

research tailored to the needs of fire and fuel managers. Research projects complement and build on other 

Federal research programs, such as those carried out by the Forest Service, the U.S. Geological Survey, 

and other research partners. Synthesis of research findings and targeted delivery to managers are essential 

components of the program. Land managers regularly use results from JFSP projects to plan and 

implement fuels treatments, support fire management decisions, restore lands affected by fire, and meet 

regulatory requirements. More information can be found at http://www.firescience.gov/.

In FY 2010, the program will develop topic areas with input from fire managers and solicit proposals in 

those areas. The scope of the topics and the number of awards will be dependent on the appropriation. 

The program will continue focused work in the following areas: smoke management, fuel treatment 

effectiveness, and software systems for fuel management. In addition the program will implement actions 

in response to a program review conducted in FY 2009. 

Allocation and Integration 

Wildland Fire Management 11-21
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Funding priorities and policies are set by the JFSP governing board with representatives from the DOI 

and the U.S. Forest Service. Proposals are accepted for topics determined annually by the governing 

board. Allocations are determined by the board following a competitive peer review of submitted 

proposals. The reviews are conducted by land managers, technical specialists, and scientists, resulting in 

approximately 20 percent of research proposals receiving funding. 

Partnerships 

JFSP is a partnership based program. The governing board has representatives from the Forest Service 

and five DOI bureaus. The program office is staffed with personnel from both DOI and the Forest 

Service. JFSP collaborates with other governmental and non-governmental entities, as well as more than 

90 colleges and universities. In all, JFSP has engaged nearly 200 organizations in its research. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-22
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations - Other 

 Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Annual Appropriations $14,030 $17,252 $0 -$2,812 $14,440 -16%

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands Total $14,030 $17,252 $0 -$2,812 $14,440 -16%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 83 83 83

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 83 83 83

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

NFP Forest Health Management - Federal Lands

Federal acres treated under NFP - 

Invasives 1,588 1,602 0 190 10,455 6,665 -3,790

Federal acres treated under NFP - 

Native pests 39,668 21,146 19,259 20,028 39,742 21,524 -18,218

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 request is $14,440,000 for Forest Health Management–Federal Lands, a decrease of 

$2,812,000 below FY 2009. Funds are used to conduct forest insect and disease surveys, provide 

technical assistance; and to conduct forest insect and disease prevention, suppression, and restoration 

projects on Federal lands, specifically those at risk to wildland fire or those recently burned. 

The request includes funding to focus treatments primarily to prevent and suppress bark beetles in priority 

fire-prone areas on NFS lands, other Federal lands, and tribal lands in western and southern States. The 

program will continue to protect critical forest ecosystems from invasive species such as the white pine 

blister rust, sudden oak death, and Port-Orford-cedar root disease. The request includes funding to 

provide survey and technical assistance, which will provide information to Federal land managers on 

where pests are currently expected to cause damage and potential mitigation actions. The request 

continues funding for the Western Threat Assessment Center to provide information on how multiple 

threats interact with pests, especially the effects of climate change. (Funding to continue similar activities 

at the Eastern Threat Assessment Center is included in the request for the Forest Health ManagementFederal Lands program within the State and Private Forestry appropriation.) 

Climate Change 

To assist in future evaluation of the effects of climate change, field units should begin documenting the 

occurrence and trends of infestations and damage caused by forest insects, diseases, and invasive plants 

outside the normal geographic range of the pest; changes in the biology of pests; and other short-term 

changes in pest activity likely caused directly or indirectly by changes in climatic conditions. Evaluation 

Monitoring project proposals will be solicited through a separate process; monitoring the effects of climate 

change has been added as a new focus area. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-23
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service treated native pests on 20,028 acres and invasive species on 190 acres. 

Priority treatments for native pests focused on western bark beetles in highest priority large-scale 

watersheds. Although treatments were not planned for invasive species, some funding was allocated to 

treat 97 acres for white pine blister rust on Federal lands to protect investments in genetically rust 

resistant white pine plantations. 

Program Overview

Program Description 

The Forest Health Management–Federal Lands program, funded through the Wildland Fire Management 

appropriation, monitors, assesses, and mitigates forest health conditions on NFS lands at high risk to 

wildland fires, including communities in the wildland-urban interface, and in previously burned areas. 

Funds are allocated to field units to conduct pest surveys; provide technical assistance; and to conduct 

prevention, suppression, and restoration projects. These investments provide for detection, evaluation, 

prevention, and suppression of forest insects and diseases on forests and rangelands. 

Identifying priority treatment acres reduces the potential for new outbreaks. Treatments protect priority 

acres from damaging insects and disease, reduce the risks of mortality from wildland fire, protect highly 

valued sites, and prevent future outbreaks by increasing the resilience of treated areas. 

Allocation and Integration 

Annual priorities for mitigating the risk of future outbreaks are based on information from the National 

Insect and Disease Risk Map (NIDRM), and the goals of the Healthy Forest Restoration Act. Prevention 

and suppression programs for major pests, such as the 

western bark beetle, are directly related to the 

significance of the pests, areas at risk, and the 

availability of cost-effective treatment technologies. 

Bark Beetle Prevention & Suppression 

In 2008, bark beetle prevention and suppression 

treatments were implemented on nearly 43,000 

acres. Of the total, 19,850 acres were treated on 

National Forest System and other Federal lands 

across the West to help prevent future 

infestations, improve forest heath, and reduce 

the threat of wildland fires in the WUI. 

 

The spatial placement and sequencing of treatments on 

NFS lands are planned and coordinated with other Forest 

Service vegetation management program areas, such as 

hazardous fuels reduction and forest management, to 

optimize on-the-ground accomplishments that improve 

the overall health of forest lands across the landscape. 

Partnerships 

This program funds the detection, evaluation, and suppression of forest insect and disease pests on NFS 

lands. Where proposed treatment locations are adjacent to non-Federal lands or lands managed by the 

Department of the Interior and Department of Defense, treatment scheduling is coordinated to optimize 

improvements to forest health across landownership boundaries.

Wildland Fire Management 11-24
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations - Other 

 Forest Health Management – Cooperative Lands 

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Annual Appropriations $9,858 $9,928 $0 -$2,928 $7,000 -29%

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands Total $9,858 $9,928 $0 -$2,928 $7,000 -29%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 18 18 18

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 18 18 18

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

NFP Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands

Acres treated on cooperative lands 

under NFP - Invasives 192,850 158,234 130,953 120,732 118,416 93,715 -24,701

Acres treated on cooperative lands 

under NFP - Native pests 8,441 12,456 11,798 782 4,684 4,530 -154

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 request is $7,000,000 for Forest Health Management–Cooperative Lands, a decrease of 

$2,928,000 from FY 2009. Funds are used to monitor forest health on State and private lands; and to 

conduct forest insect and disease prevention, suppression, and restoration projects on Cooperative lands, 

specifically those at risk to wildland fire or those recently burned. 

The request includes funding to prevent and suppress bark beetles in priority fire-prone areas on 

Cooperative lands in western States. The program will continue to protect critical forest ecosystems from 

invasive species such as the white pine blister rust, sudden oak death, and Port-Orford-cedar root disease. 

The request includes funding to provide survey and technical assistance, which will provide information 

to land managers on where pests are currently expected to cause damage and potential mitigation actions. 

Climate Change 

To assist in future evaluation of the effects of climate change, field units should begin documenting the 

occurrence and trends of infestations and damage caused by forest insects, diseases, and invasive plants 

outside the normal geographic range of the pest; changes in the biology of pests; and other short-term 

changes in pest activity likely caused directly or indirectly by changes in climatic conditions. Evaluation 

Monitoring project proposals will be solicited through a separate process and monitoring the effects of 

climate change has been added as a new focus area. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Forest Service treated native pests on 782 acres and invasive species on 120,732 acres. 

Priority treatments for invasive species focused on invasive plants. Priority treatments for native pests 

focused on western bark beetles in highest priority large-scale watersheds. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-25
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Targets are based on the previous year’s unit costs, current year funding, and the changing dynamic of 

risk to forests. Accomplishments reflect projects selected and changes in pest conditions, treatment 

methods, and unit costs. In FY 2008, the overestimate of the native pests target (acres treated) is 

attributable to higher than anticipated output costs and many of the projects funded under the State & 

Private Forestry “Redesign” competitive project process resulted high priority program accomplishments 

other than acres actually treated. Examples of “Redesign” accomplishments are: a landowner workshop 

held in conjunction with the Texas Statewide Assessment of Forest Resources, continued development 

and refinement of a state and regional forest resource spatial analysis model, Invasive Species Team was 

formed with leadership from State Forester and a Memorandum of Understanding signed by partner 

agencies, professional internships in Pacific Terrestrial Ecosystem Management launched, and training 

for 201 Alabama Forestry Commission personnel and 20 partner-agency personnel to identify Cogongrass 

and other highly invasive species. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

The Forest Health Management – Cooperative Lands program, funded through the Wildland Fire 

Management appropriation, provides technical and financial assistance to States and territories to monitor, 

assess, and mitigate forest health conditions on nonFederal lands at high risk to wildland fires, including 

communities in the wildland-urban interface, and in 

previously burned areas. Funds are allocated to field units 

to conduct pest surveys; provide technical assistance; and 

to conduct prevention, suppression, and restoration 

projects. These investments provide for detection, 

evaluation, prevention, and suppression of forest insects, 

diseases, and invasive plants on forest and rangelands. 

Invasive Plants in Montana 

Invasive plants are one of the biggest threats 

to forest and rangeland health. Working 

together, State and local partnerships have 

proven to be an effective and efficient way to 

pool resources and leverage funds to control 

and slow the spread of invasive plants. The 

program works across multi-jurisdictional 

entities (boundaries) with a focus on early 

detection, rapid response to new invaders, 

and control of existing populations. Projects 

are integrated using all control methods 

available to protect priority acres. 

Identifying and treating priority acres provides protection 

from damaging insects and disease; reduces the risk of 

mortality and wildland fire; protects highly valued sites; 

and prevents future outbreaks by increasing the resiliency 

of treated areas which leads to healthy forests across the 

landscape. 

Allocation and Integration 

Allocations are based upon level of risk as defined by NIDRM; the goals of the Healthy Forest Initiative 

and Healthy Forests Restoration Act; the probability of successful treatment; and the capability to conduct 

necessary environmental compliance. Risk from mortality (at least 25 percent tree mortality in the next 

15 years) is highest for mountain pine beetle, oak decline, and southern pine beetle. Prevention and 

suppression programs for major pests such as western bark beetles are directly related to the significance 

of these pests, areas at risk, and the availability of cost-effective treatment technologies. The agency is 

working to align more closely align identified risk with allocation. Invasive Plants are not part of NIDRM 

by definition, but from other sources there is a large risk of invasive plants and the funding is 

commensurate with the risk. 

The Forest Service is also working with several States to develop risk maps suitable for forest health 

specialists and resource managers to use as a landowner education tool and for assistance in selection of 

Wildland Fire Management 11-26
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

insect and disease project locations. The actual placement for treatments are decided based upon local 

level priorities including high-value stands, wildland-urban interface areas, municipal water supply areas, 

recreational sites, and administrative sites, and are coordinated with other Forest Service treatments. 

Partnerships 

When proposed treatment locations are adjacent to NFS lands or other Federal lands, treatment 

scheduling is coordinated to optimize improvements to forest health across landownership boundaries. 

The cost of suppression and prevention projects is shared with States and other non-Federal partners on a 

1:1 basis. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-27
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other 

 State Fire Assistance 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP State Fire Assistance

Annual Appropriations $47,967 $55,000 $0 -$5,000 $50,000 -9%

NFP State Fire Assistance Total $47,967 $55,000 $0 -$5,000 $50,000 -9%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 1 1 1

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1 1 1

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

NFP State Fire Assistance

Communities at risk from wildfire 

assisted - NFP (number) 7,150 29,064 6,765 17,353 7,866 7,745 -121

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $50,000,000 for the State Fire Assistance (SFA) program. 

These funds will support 7,745 communities. Specifically, SFA funds assist communities with hazardous 

fuel treatments, capacity building, fire prevention education and preparedness activities to help ensure 

States and local governments continue to reduce fire risk in their communities, and to support fire fighting 

capacity within each State. Key program benefits include enhancing State and local fire protection 

organizations’ ability to be effective first responders in wildland fire initial attack operations, which is 

critical to reduce the risk of large, costly wildfires. 

Projects are planned, completed, and entered into the performance database by each State and are not 

under the direct control of the Forest Service. However, to help ensure focus on the highest priority 

projects, the agency issues program direction encouraging the States to focus the funds on areas covered 

by Community Wildfire Protection Plans or other collaboratively developed hazard mitigation plans. 

Depending on the State’s priorities and fluctuations in fire danger, the number of projects and 

communities assisted may vary significantly from year to year. 

Climate Change 

The changing climate is affecting wildland fire in America’s forests. Climate models project continued 

warming in the U.S. due to projected increases in greenhouse gases. Changes in precipitation and 

humidity, temperature (including means and extremes), and intensity and frequency of extreme weather 

events have resulted in dramatic changes in wildland fire intensity and number of acres burned in recent 

years. These changes ultimately result in a much higher resistance to fire suppression efforts, placing 

firefighters and the public at greater risk and dramatically increasing the cost of suppression. 

Therefore, fire prevention education programs, building capacity to provide effective initial attack 

response, and hazardous fuel reduction projects are an imperative and integral part of the overall Wildland 

Fire Management program. 

Past Performance

Wildland Fire Management 11-28
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

In FY 2008, SFA funding assisted 17,353 communities through a variety of different activities. For 

example, training was completed for nearly 24,000 firefighters. Over 10,000 prevention and education 

programs were conducted, benefiting nearly 8,000 communities. Approximately $3.9 million was 

invested in the purchase, maintenance, and rehabilitation of needed firefighting equipment. Additionally, 

assistance was provided to over 3,500 communities in the form of risk assessments and fire management 

planning projects. These accomplishments are significantly higher than originally planned, partially due 

to higher enacted funding levels than originally projected. Additionally, in 2008 there was a one-time 

supplemental appropriation enacted that allowed thousands of additional communities to complete 

hazardous fuels reduction projects. With the additional funds, the Forest Service provided over $35 

million in additional funding to treat over 292,000 acres of hazardous fuels in the WUI to reduce the risk 

of catastrophic wildfire to 7,781 communities. Actual accomplishment figures fluctuate from year to year 

depending on the types and cost of individual projects the State Foresters choose to implement. For 

example, if some States’ priority projects are relatively expensive then they will accomplish fewer 

projects and, therefore, assist fewer overall communities. The Forest Service strongly encourages the 

States to focus their efforts on high priority projects and demonstrate their performance in a transparent 

manner. 

The Forest Service also provided over $2.6 million in funding for the purchase, maintenance, and 

rehabilitation of needed firefighting equipment. 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

The SFA program provides matching financial assistance 

through partnership agreements with State foresters for all 

fire management activities including training, planning, 

hazardous fuel treatments, purchase, and maintenance of 

equipment. This program emphasizes fire planning and 

hazardous fuel mitigation near communities at risk of 

catastrophic wildfire. Funding helps Federal, State, and local agencies deliver a uniform and coordinated 

suppression response to wildfire. Support enables State and local fire protection organizations to be 

effective first responders during initial attack on wildland fires, significantly decreasing overall 

suppression costs. 

Reducing Risk in Communities 

Although the number of Communities at 

Risk (CAR) identified in 2008 increased 

by about 20 percent, the number of CAR 

identified as being at reduced risk nearly 

tripled. The SFA program also funded 

treatment of nearly 300,000 acres of 

hazardous fuels.

Consultation and negotiation with the State foresters achieved agreement about the use of “Communities 

Assisted” as the best measure for SFA, given the variety of programs needs and uses. The Forest Service 

is now also tracking the number of Communities At Risk identified by the State foresters as being at 

“reduced risk.“ These funds also support the “Firewise” program, a community based educational 

program designed to provide information on defensible space and community wildfire risk reduction, and 

the Smokey Bear prevention program. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Allocation and Integration 

These SFA program activities are funded through two different budget line items, one as part of State and 

Private Forestry and the other as part of Wildland Fire Management, Fire Operations - Other. Funding is 

distributed to the State foresters to address critical preparedness needs and hazard mitigation in the WUI 

near communities at risk. A percentage of funds are distributed to the States consistent with the State and 

Private Forestry State Fire Assistance program. Remaining funds are allocated on a competitive basis to 

States for planning and implementation of hazard mitigation projects. 

Funds are allocated based on the vegetative condition class and communities at risk within three 

geographic regions of the country so that the western states receive 60 percent of total funds, the southern 

states receive 25 percent, and the northeastern states receive 15 percent. Additional requirements apply 

within these regional allocations: 35 percent of the funds received by western states are for preparedness 

and 65 percent for hazard mitigation, while not less than 50 percent of funds received by the southern and 

northeastern states are used for preparedness. Funds are distributed in the form of grants to the States, and 

are allocated by the States to best address their needs, within funding guidelines. 

Partnerships 

This program complements the State Fire Assistance program funded through the State and Private 

Forestry appropriation, significantly expanding benefits to the State Foresters. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Fire Operations – Other 

 Volunteer Fire Assistance 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

Pay & Other 

Cost Changes

Program 

Changes

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

Percent 

Change in 

Program

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance

Annual Appropriations $7,875 $9,000 $0 -$2,000 $7,000 -22%

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance Total $7,875 $9,000 $0 -$2,000 $7,000 -22%

Annual Appropriation FTEs 0 0 0

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 0 0

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance

Volunteer fire departments assisted - 

NFP (number) 4,058 5,789 5,600 8,386 4,394 4,102 -292

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $7,000,000 for the Volunteer Fire Assistance (VFA) program, 

a decrease of $2,000,000 from the FY 2009 budget. This amount will provide matching financial 

assistance to about 4,100 rural communities of less than 10,000 people to build and maintain fire 

suppression capacity. However, this program is managed by the States through a competitive grant 

process which seeks to provide funding to the areas of highest risk and greatest need. Therefore, the 

Forest Service can only estimate projected accomplishments based on previous years performance. 

Past Performance 

In FY 2008 the Forest Service provided VFA funding of volunteer fire departments to 8,386 

communities. Funding helped with the training of over 13,000 firefighters, the organization or expansion 

of over 140 fire departments, and the purchase, rehabilitation, and maintenance of nearly $5.4 million 

dollars of equipment. The Forest Service strongly encourages the States to focus their efforts on high 

priority projects and demonstrate their performance in a transparent manner. 

Climate Change

The changing climate is affecting wildland fire in America’s forests. Climate models project continued 

warming in the United States due to projected increases in greenhouse gases. Changes in precipitation and 

humidity, temperature (including means and extremes), and intensity and frequency of extreme weather 

events have resulted in dramatic changes in wildland fire intensity and number of acres burned in recent 

years. These changes hinder fire suppression efforts, placing firefighters and the public at greater risk and 

increasing the cost of suppression dramatically. 

Therefore, fire prevention education programs, building capacity to provide effective initial attack 

response and hazardous fuel reduction projects are an imperative and integral part of the overall Wildland 

Fire Management program. 

Wildland Fire Management 11-31
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Program Description 

Program Overview 

This program is delivered by the State foresters and supports 

local fire suppression efforts by providing grants for equipment, 

training programs, and technical assistance in organizing or 

expanding fire departments. The program targets volunteer fire 

departments that protect communities of less than 10,000 

inhabitants from wildland fire. These fire departments provide 

initial attack on many rural wildland fires throughout the Nation. 

Grants are matched dollar-for-dollar by the recipients to leverage the value of Federal investment. 

Program funding helps Federal, State, and local agencies deliver a uniform and coordinated suppression 

response to wildfire by training, equipping, and organizing volunteer fire departments. 

Volunteer Fire Departments 

In 2008 the VFA program supported 

the organization and expansion of over 

140 volunteer fire departments; more 

than double the number in 2007. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funds are allocated on the basis of risk from catastrophic fires to communities in the WUI, the number of 

acres to be protected, and the number of volunteer fire departments serving qualifying communities. 

Forest Service Regions, the Northeastern Area, and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry receive 

a fixed percent which they allocate to States and Territories. 

Partnerships 

The program supports and complements the VFA program funded through the State and Private Forestry 

appropriation, further supporting the fire suppression needs of small communities.

Wildland Fire Management 11-32
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Permanent Appropriations

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Brush Disposal

New Budget Authority 8,193 13,970 11,000 -2,970

Program Level 11,891 15,150 11,000 -4,150

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 91 105 105 0

Licensee Program

New Budget Authority 124 65 66

Program Level 10 65 65 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Restoration of Forest Lands & Improvements

New Budget Authority 76,936 32,500 35,000 2,500

Program Level 4,715 10,000 15,000 5,000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 32 50 75 25

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund

New Budget Authority 61,619 62,200 62,700 500

Program Level 77,804 114,000 81,400 -32,600

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 598 601 601 0

Federal Land & Facility Enhancement Fund

New Budget Authority 20,497 24,000 29,000 5,000

Program Level 13,900 18,600 22,400 3,800

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 21 25 25 0

Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction

New Budget Authority 4,000 4,000 4,000 0

Program Level 13,175 2,000 2,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 88 3 3

Timber Salvage Sales

New Budget Authority 35,381 32,000 32,000 0

Program Level 43,939 46,000 41,080 -4,920

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 400 371 323 -48

Stewardship Contracting

New Budget Authority 3,073 4,500 4,500 0

Program Level 5,235 5,000 2,800 -2,200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund

New Budget Authority 4,571 4,000 3,000 -1,000

Program Level 4,183 4,000 2,800 -1,200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 42 40 28 -12

Forest Botanical Products

New Budget Authority 1,481 1,500 1,900 400

Program Level 1,192 2,500 2,700 200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 15 25 15 -10

Roads & Trails (10 percent) Fund

New Budget Authority 3,247 18,023 18,401 378

Program Level 1,541 0 13,000 13,000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 15 0 15 15

1

0

0

0

Permanent Appropriations 12-1
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Permanent Appropriations

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Rental Fee Fund

New Budget Authority 873 269 1,500 1,231

Program Level 503 800 800 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 0 1 10

0

0

0

0

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Restoration Fund

New Budget Authority 000

Program Level 000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Operation & Maintenance of Quarters

New Budget Authority 7,687 9,000 9,000 0

Program Level 4,675 8,000 8,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 24 27 27 0

Land Between the Lakes Management Fund

New Budget Authority 3,755 4,200 4,300 100

Program Level 3,683 4,000 4,100 100

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 14 15 15 0

Valles Caldera Fund

New Budget Authority 974 1,000 1,000 0

Program Level 1,292 1,000 1,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Administration of Rights-of-Way & Other Land Uses

New Budget Authority 3,983 5,900 6,900 1,000

Program Level 2,358 3,800 4,400 600

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 20 27 27 0

Payment to States Funds

New Budget Authority 78,124 154,850 140,656 -14,194

Program Level 440,565 545,802 494,704 -51,098

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 143 101 101 0

Permanent Funds New Budget Authority 314,518 371,977 364,923 -7,054

Permanent Funds Program Level 630,661 780,717 707,249 -73,468

Permanent Funds Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,503 1,391 1,361 -30

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-2
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Brush Disposal 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Brush Disposal

New Budget Authority 8,193 13,970 11,000 -2,970

Program Level 11,891 15,150 11,000 -4,150

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 91 105 105 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Brush Disposal

Acres of harvest related woody fuels 

treated 29,130 70,940 38,000 59,411 55,000 55,000 0

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 budget proposes $11,000,000 for the Brush Disposal program. The program level is a 

decrease of $4,150,000 from FY 2009. This decrease is a direct result of the decline in the forest products 

market. Funding will be used to analyze and treat 55,000 acres of woody debris resulting from timber 

harvesting on the National Forests. If left untreated, logging slash would increase the fire hazard, impair 

reforestation, contribute to the buildup of insect populations, damage stream channels, look unsightly, and 

limit recreational uses. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, 59,411 acres were treated, or 56 percent more than were initially planned. Actual 

accomplishments were significantly above projected accomplishment levels in part due to the variability 

of treatment methods and costs appropriate for each timber sale area. 

Authority

The Brush Disposal Act of August 11, 1916, as amended (16 U.S.C. 490) This Act authorizes the 

Secretary of Agriculture to require purchasers of national forest timber to deposit the estimated cost to 

dispose of brush and other debris resulting from their cutting operations. 

Program Overview

This program provides for the disposal of unmerchantable brush and other debris resulting from timber 

harvest operations. Timber harvest activities create logging slash, which left untreated can increase the 

risk of fire, impair reforestation, contribute to the buildup of insect populations, or damage stream 

Permanent Appropriations 12-3
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

channels. Depending upon the amount of logging debris created, as well as the relative fire hazard 

created, logging slash can be mechanically treated by scattering, chipping, or crushing down by logging 

equipment and allowed to decay. Slash can also be subjected to broadcast burning or collected into piles 

and burned during non-hazardous weather conditions. 

Timber sale operators can perform the required work, or they can request that the Forest Service complete 

this work by depositing funds to cover these costs. Brush disposal funding comes from deposits required 

of timber purchasers, and is used only on timber sale areas. 

Allocation and Integration

The allocation of brush disposal funds responds to each region’s assessment of budget authority required 

to accomplish necessary treatments. These treatments are integrated with hazardous fuel reduction 

treatments outside timber sale areas to achieve optimal progress toward agency forest health and fire 

hazard reduction goals. 

Partnerships

None on timber sale areas. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-4
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Licensee Programs (Smokey Bear and Woodsy Owl)

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Licensee Program

New Budget Authority 124 65 66

Program Level 10 65 65 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

1

0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $65,000 for the licensee programs, which is equal to the FY 2009 level. This 

program supports national initiatives, local programs, and products that help increase public awareness 

with regard to wildfire prevention (Smokey Bear) and maintenance of environmental quality (Woodsy 

Owl). There are no FTEs funded by this program. 

Authorities

Fees for the use of the Smokey Bear and Woodsy Owl characters by private enterprises are collected 

under regulations formulated by the Secretary of Agriculture. They are available to support: 

Smokey Bear: to further the nationwide forest fire prevention campaign (16 U.S.C. 580 p-2) (18 U.S.C. 

711). 

Woodsy Owl: to promote wise use of the environment and programs that foster maintenance and 

improvement of environmental quality (16 U.S.C. 580 p-1) (formerly classified as 31 U.S.C. 488a, 488b3, 488b-6) (18 U.S.C. 711a). .

Program Description

The Smokey Bear program supports national initiatives, programs, and products that help increase public 

awareness in regard to wildfire prevention. The licensing program receives approximately $100,000 

yearly from royalties, of which 35 percent are paid to the licensee contractor for its services. The fire 

prevention specialist manages the licensing contract. Smokey Bear royalties also support the National 

Smokey Bear Award program and the national fire prevention public service campaign. The Chief of the 

USDA Forest Service has discretionary authority to use money from royalties in special projects that 

support the Smokey Bear fire prevention message. 

The Woodsy Owl program supports national initiatives, programs, and products that help increase public 

awareness of activities and issues related to improvement and maintenance of environmental quality. 

This licensing program is managed by the national symbols program manager on the Conservation 

Education staff. The Conservation Education program identifies funding for the Woodsy Owl 

conservation program initiative to develop products, to manage the licensing program, and to enhance 

partnerships. The licensing contractor receives 35 percent of the royalties reported. The focus of the 

Woodsy Owl licensing program is to collect royalties to develop a public service campaign to promote 

conservation of the environment. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-5
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Restoration of Forest Lands and Improvements 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Restoration of Forest Lands & Improvements

New Budget Authority 76,936 32,500 35,000 2,500

Program Level 4,715 10,000 15,000 5,000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 32 50 75 25

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $15,000,000 for the Restoration of Forest Lands and Improvements Fund. This is an 

increase of $5,000,000 above FY 2009. An increase in settlements with negligent parties responsible for 

wildfire or hazardous materials contamination has increased the deposits into this fund. This program 

provides for the rehabilitation of forest resources or infrastructure that has been damaged due to 

negligence or contract non-performance of other parties. Restoration of Forest Lands and Improvements 

provides a funding mechanism to quickly bill, collect, and obligate funds necessary to restore damages to 

critical ecosystems and facilities so that repairs are not deferred or foregone. 

Authorities

The Act of June 20, 1958 (16 U.S.C. 579c) (P.L. 85-464, Sec. 7, June 20, 1958, 72 Stat. 217). This Act 

authorizes establishment of a fund for improvement, protection, or rehabilitation of lands under the 

administration of the Forest Service. This fund receives moneys from (a) a forfeiture of a bond or deposit 

by a permittee or timber purchaser for failure to complete performance of improvement, protection, or 

rehabilitation work required under the permit or timber sale contract or (b) the result of a judgment, 

compromise, or settlement of any claim, involving present or potential damage to lands or improvements. 

Funds are available until expended to cover the costs of performing the required work. 

Program Overview

This authority protects the interests of the Forest Service in a variety of situations. When work required 

under a permit or timber sale contract is not completed by a permitee or timber purchaser, they forfeit 

their bond or deposit. These funds then transfer to the Restoration of Forest Lands and Improvements 

Fund, and the Forest Service performs the work itself. This authority also protects the interests of the 

Forest Service from present or potential damage to lands or improvements due to the actions of another 

party. The authority provides the Forest Service with the ability to use funds from a judgment, 

compromise, or claim settlement to address those damages. The authority does not include recoveries 

under procurement or construction contracts. 

Funds are available until expended and any monies received in excess of the amount expended in 

performing the appropriate work is transferred to miscellaneous receipts. Based on a Comptroller 

General's Decision (67 Comp. Gen. 276), collections may be used to cover the restoration costs paid from 

Forest Service appropriations if Forest Service appropriations were used to complete the required work 

before the collections were received. The proposed FY 2010 program funding level is based on field 

projections of anticipated work. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-6
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund

New Budget Authority 61,619 62,200 62,700 500

Program Level 77,804 114,000 81,400 -32,600

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 598 601 601 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $81,400,000 for the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund, a decrease of 

$32,600,000 below FY 2009. Funds will be used to provide annual maintenance and repairs to recreation 

facilities, enhance visitor services such as interpretation and education, and provide for the presence of 

law enforcement and other uniformed employees in recreation areas. Priority for use of these funds will 

be to reduce deferred maintenance at high priority fee sites identified in Recreation Facility Analysis 

(RFA) master plans and to improve the condition of the facilities used by the recreating public. Through 

the use of these funds the Forest Service is able to operate and maintain many of its recreation facilities 

that might otherwise have been closed due to increasing costs. 

Past Performance

Program Level increases in both FY 2008 and FY 2009 represent expenditures of $93 million in 

additional revenues that were transferred from the Land and Water Conservation Fund as authorized by 

Congress under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act. Of the amount transferred, 

approximately $19 million was expended in FY 2008 on 29 projects, reducing deferred maintenance by 

approximately $2.4 million. The remaining $74 million is planned to be expended on 370 projects in FY 

2009. 

Authorities

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act (16 U.S.C. 6806 and 6807) (P.L. 108-447, div. J, [title VIII,

Sec. 807 and Sec. 808] Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3388). This Act provides authority through December 

2014 to implement a fee program for certain recreation sites on Federal lands. Fees collected from users 

of recreation facilities are used to pay for on-the-ground operation, maintenance, and improvements of 

recreation sites and services to maintain and enhance recreation opportunities, visitor experiences, and 

related habitat. Funds are available until expended. The Act directs the creation of Recreation Resource 

Advisory Committees (RACs) to allow for public involvement on recreation fee programs. 

Program Overview 

Approximately $60 million is collected annually and used to maintain and improve facilities and services 

for which the fees are collected. At least 80 percent of the fees collected are deposited in the Federal 

Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund and are spent on the area, site, or projects that directly relate to 

visitor enjoyment, access, and health and safety. Work activities include: annual operation and 

Permanent Appropriations 12-7
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

maintenance, interpretation, signage, wildlife habitat restoration, resource preservation, and law 

enforcement. A large amount of work in this program is executed through contracts. 

The Forest Service is the contracting agency for the National Recreation Reservation Service (NRRS), 

part of Recreation.gov, an e-government initiative. The Forest Service has entered into a four year 

contract through FY 2010, with the option to extend through 2016, valued at $100 million to provide 

reservations for all reservable recreation facilities on public lands. 

Allocation and Integration

Recreation fees supplement discretionary appropriations such as National Forest System – Recreation, 

Heritage and Wilderness and Capital Improvement and Maintenance – Facilities and Trails budget line 

items. These revenues are an integral part of sustaining the agency’s recreation program. Outputs 

associated with this program are combined and reported under individual resource programs throughout 

the Forest Service appropriated accounts. 

Partnerships

Recreation fees are used to match 

volunteer hours, grants, and other 

challenge cost share dollars to provide 

for the health and safety of visitors to 

national forest recreation areas and to 

restore ecosystem damage caused by 

recreation use. 

The Forest Service has chartered five 

Recreation Resource Advisory 

Committees (RACs), which include the 

Southern, Eastern, and Pacific 

Northwest regions, and the States of 

California and Colorado. In cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the agency 

participates in 12 additional RACs. These committees meet several times a year to review proposed 

changes to the recreation fee program. This demonstrates the agency’s continued commitment to 

improving its effectiveness and efficiency through increased public involvement and cooperation. 

Visitors at Mono Basin National Scenic Area 

In 2008, more than 100,000 

visitors entered the Mono Basin 

National Scenic Area on the 

Inyo National Forest. Revenues 

from Recreation fees enabled 

the Forest to provide a ranger 

presence and interpretive 

services, including over 400 

interpretive walks delivered to 

approximately 4,500 visitors, as well as 100 school groups 

reaching over 1,200 students. Other programs enabled through 

recreation fees are a “Haunted Tufa” Halloween program, a 

recycling program, and maintenance for trails, and signage. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-8
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Federal Land and Facility Enhancement Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Federal Land & Facility Enhancement Fund

New Budget Authority 20,497 24,000 29,000 5,000

Program Level 13,900 18,600 22,400 3,800

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 21 25 25 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $22,400,000 for the Federal Land and Facility Enhancement Fund, an increase of 

$3,800,000 from FY 2009. Funds will be used to initiate the conveyance of an estimated $42.6 million in 

new land and excess administrative facilities, reducing deferred maintenance by approximately $3.5 

million as displayed in Table B. Disposal of these assets are needed to right-size the agency’s real 

property portfolio. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008 the agency disposed of $16.5 million in assets, eliminating deferred maintenance by 

approximately $3.2 million as displayed in Table A. Outputs associated with this program are combined 

and reported under individual resource programs in the National Forest System, Land Acquisition, and 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance accounts. 

Authorities

Numerous Federal statutes authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to retain proceeds from the conveyance 

of land and excess structures, and expend the revenues to acquire or develop land and improvements for 

administrative purposes. Revenues received from the sale of land or structures are deposited into the Sisk 

Act Fund and are available without further appropriation. 

Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act P.L. 107-63, Section 329, as amended by P.L. 108-7, 

P.L. 108-108, and P.L. 108-447. This Act provided authority through September 30, 2008 to implement a 

pilot program that allowed the agency to retain proceeds from the conveyance of excess structures and 

expend the receipts for building maintenance, rehabilitation, and construction. 

Forest Service Facility Realignment and Enhancement Act (FSFREA) P.L. 109-54, Title V of the 

Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006. This Act 

provided authority through September 30, 2008 to convey unneeded administrative sites and retain the 

proceeds for building maintenance, rehabilitation, and construction provided certain criteria contained in 

Title V are met. In addition, projects initiated under the pilot authority may continue under the provisions 

of the FSFREA. This authority has been extended through March 6, 2009 pursuant to the Consolidated 

Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 110-329). A legislative 

change has been requested to extend the authority through FY 2011. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-9
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview 

The Forest Service currently owns approximately 19,000 administrative and research buildings. A large 

number of these facilities do not meet the agency’s needs and are either underutilized or in need of 

maintenance in order to meet current health and safety standards. More than 60 percent of Forest Service 

facilities are more than 30 years old and more than half have exceeded their design life. Without major 

and often costly renovations, these structures frequently fail to meet administrative needs due to 

inadequate space; improper location; high maintenance costs; and failure to meet current health, safety, 

and accessibility codes. Improving asset management allows the agency to fully utilize mission critical 

and mission dependent assets and manage those assets in the right condition and at the right cost. 

Work activities include: notification, analysis, valuation, and realty case processing services; facility 

repairs, preventive maintenance, and replacement of parts and structural components; construction of new 

facilities, alteration of existing facilities to change function, and expansion of facilities to change capacity 

to meet needs that have changed to meet current mission critical functions. 

The following programs are included in this Fund: 

Land and Facility Conveyances Under Special Legislation – This program enables specific national 

forests to convey land or facilities and use the proceeds to acquire, construct, or improve land and 

facilities within the same national forest or State. 

Administrative Site Conveyances Program - This program provides for the realignment of the 

agency’s facility portfolio by providing an incentive for local managers to liquidate 

obsolete/underutilized assets and reinvest in the appropriate assets in the appropriate place to support 

the agency’s mission. This authority provides the opportunity to efficiently address current and future 

needs, reduce annual lease costs and the deferred maintenance backlog. In addition to operational 

benefits, the program also provides substantial economic and social benefits, such as providing local 

communities with additional tax base, and opportunities for redevelopment to align with community 

plans and economic stimulus strategies focused on development to enhance community goals. 

Allocation and Integration

Federal Land and Facility Enhancement proceeds compliment discretionary appropriations in the National 

Forest System - Landownership Management and Capital Improvement and Maintenance – Facilities and 

Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement budget line items. The revenues generated from 

the sale of land and facilities play an integral role in updating the agency’s land and facility program. 

Outputs associated with this program are combined and reported under the benefits to individual resource 

programs throughout the Forest Service appropriated accounts. 

Partnerships

The agency participates in partnerships with other Federal agencies, including the General Services 

Administration who maintains a national memorandum of agreement with the Forest Service to fulfill the 

requirements of FSFREA. In addition, the agency benefits from working with other Federal agencies, 

such as the Bureau of Land Management, as well as tribal governments, local communities, local 

governments, as well as many private landowners. The program is enhanced by partnership opportunities 

in order to eliminate or reduce redundant efforts, such as leveraging funds to secure high priority resource 

lands for public access and resource protection or to co-locate with other Federal and non-governmental 

agencies to share facilities and thereby lower operation costs. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-10
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service TABLE A FY 2008 Land And Facility Conveyance Accomplishments Region State Forest Authority FY Initiated Project Name Gross Square Footage Eliminated Annual Maintenance Eliminated Deferred Maintenance Eliminated Acres Conveyed Final Sale Price Funds to be Used for What Purpose? ($) ($) ($)

1 ID Idaho Panhandle S1 2004 Granite Reeder - - $ - $ 80.00 438,000 $ Improvements

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #3 - - $ - $ 360.32 99,100 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #5 - - $ - $ 80.00 438,000 $ Improvements

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #7 - - $ - $ 360.32 99,100 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #9 - - $ - $ 160.00 48,000 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #10 - - $ - $ 315.34 85,100 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #12 - - $ - $ 160.00 53,600 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #13 - - $ - $ 640.00 208,000 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #14 - - $ - $ 640.00 208,000 $ Other1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #16 - - $ - $ 315.34 85,100 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #18 - - $ - $ 320.00 86,400 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #19 - - $ - $ 160.00 43,200 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #20 - - $ - $ 160.00 44,000 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #21 - - $ - $ 320.00 92,800 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #23 - - $ - $ 320.00 86,400 $ Other

1 ND Dakota Prairie S2 2008 North Dakota Parcel #24 - - $ - $ 320.00 91,200 $ Other

1 ID Idaho Panhandle RB 2002 Myers, David A., and Margaret J. - - $ - $ 160.00 48,000 $ Other

1 MT Lewis & Clark RB 2006 Smokeless & Sootless Coal Co. - - $ - $ 160.00 53,600 $ Other

1 MT Gallatin RB 2007 McLaren Tailings - - $ - $ 160.00 43,200 $ Other1 TOTALS 5,191.32 2,350,800 $ 2 WY Shoshone RF 2006 Meeteetse Dwelling 2,334 8,410 $ 16,891 $ 160.00 44,000 $ Other2 CO Rio Grande RF 2006 Monte Vista Dwellings 4,280 2,000 $ 135,000 $ 320.00 92,800 $ Other

2 CO Rio Grande RF 2006 Del Norte Govt Dwelling 2,000 2,000 $ 23,000 $ 320.00 91,200 $ Other

2 CO

Grand Mesa/ 

Uncompahre/Gunnison RF 2006 Meeker Street Warehouse 3,920 1,000 $ 145,000 $ 640.00 182,400 $ Other

2 SD Black Hills RF 2006 Deadwood houses 6,040 - $ 413,000 $ 547.79 150,600 $ Other

2 NE Nebraska PE 2005 Hastings Tree Research Tract 0 - $ - $ 160.00 48,000 $ Other

2 CO Arapaho/Roosevelt RF 2007 Estes Park Admin Site 6,794 8,609 $ 74,200 $ 240.00 66,000 $ Other2 CO White River RF 2006 Rifle Dwelling 355 Fairway 2,700 6,623 $ 20,315 $ 320.00 112,000 $ Other

2 CO White River RF 2006 Rifle Dwelling 236 Fairway 2,560 6,623 $ 11,650 $ 320.00 94,400 $ Other

2 TOTALS 30,628 35,265 $ 839,056 $ 3,027.79 881,400 $ 3 AZ Coconino S3 2005 Verde Admin - - $ - $ 118.70 2,400,000 $ Improvements

3 NM Cibola RB 2005 12 Street - - $ - $ 6.79 2,550,000 $ Improvements

3 TOTALS - - $ - $ 125.49 4,950,000 $ 4 ID Caribou-Targhee RF 2006 Pocatello & Heise Sites 12,647 16,000 $ 333,000 $ 5.32 604,000 $ Disposal4 ID Caribou-Targhee RF 2006 Pocatello & Heise Sites 3,005 7,000 $ 86,000 $ 1.00 233,000 $ Disposal4 ID Payette RF 2006 Council & New Meadows Housing 0 5,000 $ 56,000 $ 0.22 184,000 $ Disposal4 NV Humboldt-Toiyabe RF 2004 Sandia & Austin Dwellings 2,032 4,000 $ 175,000 $ 0.15 43,000 $ Disposal

4 NV Humboldt-Toiyabe RF 2004 Sandia & Austin Dwellings 2,000 3,000 $ 138,000 $ 0.15 4,250 $ Disposal4 NV Humboldt-Toiyabe RF 2004 Sandia & Austin Dwellings 432 - $ 4,000 $ 0.17 1,750 $ Disposal

4 NV Humboldt-Toiyabe RF 2004 Sandia & Austin Dwellings 1,968 3,000 $ 31,000 $ 0.10 53,500 $ Disposal

4 NV Humboldt-Toiyabe RF 2004 Sandia & Austin Dwellings 2,000 23,000 $ 149,000 $ 0.10 48,000 $ Disposal

4 TOTALS 24,084 61,000 $ 972,000 $ 7.21 1,171,500 $ 6 OR Deschutes S4 2006 William Sullivan, Tract C, Par D 40.00 405,000 $ Improvements

6 OR Colville RF 2006 Dept. of Home Land Security, Curlew Ranger Station 10,858 20,178 $ 245,198 $ 3.00 287,350 $ Maintenance

6 OR Malheur RF 2006 Lawrence Madesh, 140 12th Street House, Prairie City 1,560 5,000 $ 20,000 $ 0.30 62,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Malheur RF 2006 Jody Riis, 928 McCallum House, Prairie City 1,560 5,000 $ 20,000 $ 0.31 73,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Malheur RF 2006 Norman Kaufman, 944 McCallum House, Prairie City 1,560 5,000 $ 20,000 $ 0.30 73,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Malheur RF 2006 Melva Boyd, 964 McCallum House, Prairie City 1,560 5,000 $ 20,000 $ 0.20 51,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Malheur RF 2006 Lance Morgan, Van Drewsey LLC, Van Guard Station 1,847 1,200 $ 80,000 $ 2.80 96,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Rogue River RF 2006 Gary & Jeanne Pennock, 695 Laural House, Butte Falls 1,830 4,500 $ 8,100 $ 0.32 96,000 $ Maintenance

6 OR Rogue River RF 2006 Leonard T. Howe, Sr., 700 Laural House, Butte Falls 1,474 5,050 $ 5,700 $ 1.40 117,000 $ Maintenance6 OR Siskiyou RF 2006 Ray & Esperanza Jensen - Redwood St. House -Chetco 2,358 5,752 $ 10,759 $ 0.28 251,000 $ Maintenance6 OR Siskiyou RB 2006 Chetco - SW OR CC District Vacant Lots - - $ - $ 0.30 140,000 $ Maintenance6 OR Siuslaw RF 2006 Charles and Joyce Hagel, Waldport Administrative Site 5,692 18,551 $ 20,649 $ 2.81 805,000 $ Maintenance6 OR Siskiyou RF 2006 Coos Forest Protective Assn., Chetco Compound 5,328 2,626 $ 5,459 $ 0.80 333,547 $ Maintenance6 WA Mt. Baker RF 2007 Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe, Darrington Houses 18,789 35,459 $ 167,830 $ 5.67 1,518,000 $ Maintenance6 WA Mt. Baker RF 2007 Snohomish County, Darrington Lot - - $ - $ 0.43 55,000 $ Maintenance

6 TOTALS 54,416 113,316 $ 623,695 $ 58.92 4,362,897 $ 

Permanent Appropriations 12-11
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service TABLE A (continued) FY 2008 Land And Facility Conveyance Accomplishments Region State Forest Authority Initiated Project Name q Footage Maintenance Maintenance Conveyed Final Sale Price for What Purpose? ($) ($) ($) 8 SC Francis Marion & Sumter RF 2006 Wambaw Residences 1,986 - $ 126,948 $ 0.87 340,000 $ Improvements 8 SC Francis Marion & Sumter RF 2006 Wambaw Residences - - $ - $ 0.75 80,000 $ Improvements 8 SC Francis Marion & Sumter RF 2006 Wambaw Residences 1,440 - $ 163,314 $ 0.98 140,000 $ Improvements 8 SC Francis Marion & Sumter RF 2006 Wambaw Residences 1,400 - $ 119,801 $ 0.97 145,000 $ Improvements 8 MS NFs in Mississippi S5 2006 Greenland - - $ - $ 39.93 82,000 $ Other 8 MS NFs in Mississippi S5 2006 Greenland - - $ - $ 79.77 144,000 $ Other 8 MS NFs in Mississippi S5 2006 Greenland - - $ - $ 177.42 251,000 $ Other 8 MS NFs in Mississippi S5 2006 Greenland - - $ - $ 159.92 192,000 $ Other 8 VA George Washington- Jefferson S6 2007 Konnarock Girls School 24,909 - $ - $ 5.21 - $ N/A 8 TOTALS 29,735 - $ 410,063 $ 465.82 1,374,000 $ 9 WI Nicolet S7 2008 Town of Laona - - $ - $ 175.95 300,000 $ Improvements 9 WI Nicolet RF 2008 Keyes Lake Warehouse 3,360 4,500 $ 7,000 $ 2.89 23,000 $ Maintenance 9 MN Chippewa PE 2005 Walker Ranger Dwelling 3,336 30,000 $ 12,400 $ 0.69 92,300 $ Improvements 9 MI Huron-Manistee RF 2007 Harrietta Admin Site #01-1 (Schultz) 4,968 4,730 $ 9,630 $ 0.39 29,101 $ Other 9 MI Ottawa RF 2006 Ottawa Combined Project 5,068 25,000 $ 4,200 $ 3.79 225,000 $ Improvements 9 MI Ottawa RF 2006 Ottawa Combined Project - - $ 1,200 $ 19.40 35,000 $ Improvements 9 IL Shawnee RF 2006 Deputy Tower - - $ 1,500 $ 2.00 5,100 $ Other 9 MN Superior RF 2008 Grand Marais Dwellings 2,228 2,700 $ 30,000 $ 0.23 192,000 $ Improvements 9 MN Superior RF 2008 Grand Marais Dwellings 2,572 2,500 $ 25,000 $ 0.23 159,000 $ Improvements 9 TOTALS 21,532 69,430 $ 90,930 $ 205.57 1,060,501 $ 10 AK Tongass RF 2003 Fram Street - 17,210 $ 121,801 $ 0.23 179,000 $ Maintenance 10 AK Tongass RF 2003 Fram Street - 16,000 $ 116,000 $ 0.23 144,000 $ Maintenance 10 TOTALS - 33,210 $ 237,801 $ 0.46 323,000 $ NATIONAL TOTALS 160,395 312,221 $ 3,173,545 $ 9,082.6 16,474,098 $ 1/ Total proceeds collected does not agree with actual collections deposited in FY 2008. This is due to delays in actual receipt of revenues collected for projects sold at the end of the previous fiscal year. Actual collections deposited in FY 2008 totaled $20.5 million. State Specific Authorities S1 - Idaho Panhandle National Forest Improvement Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-436) S2 - Elkhorn Ranch Land Sale Authoriation (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008, Title IV, General Provisions, Sec. 424, P.L. 110-161) S3 - Northern Arizona Land Exchange and Verde River Basin Partnership Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-110) S4 - Bend Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act (Oregon) (P.L. 106-526) S5 - Mississippi National Forest Improvement Act of 1999 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2000, Appendix C, Title IV, Sec. 401-403, P.L.106-113) S6 - Konnarock Lutheran Girls School in Smyth County, Virginia Conveyance - Act of 2006 (P.L.109-389) S7 - Towns of Laona and Wabeno, Wisconsin Land Conveyance - Act of 2006 (P.L.109-387) FY 2002 Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, P.L.107-63, Section 329, as amended by P.L. 108-7, P.L. 108-108, and P.L. 108-447 PE - Existing Pilot Forest Service Facility Realignment and Enhancement Act of 2005 (FY 2006 Interior, Environment and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, Title V, P.L. 109-54) RF - Facility Conveyance Project RB - Bare Land Conveyance Project

Permanent Appropriations 12-12
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service Table B FY 2010 Federal Land and Facility Planned Conveyance Projects Gross Deferred Proceeds Proceeds Planned Square Acres of Maintenance Estimated for for New Conveyance Cong Authority Footage Land with Reduction Sale Value Maintenance Const. Completion Region State District Forest Project Name Used Eliminated Conveyance (thousands) (thousands) (thousands) (thousands) Date 1 MT 1 Regional Office Regional Field Service Facility RF 78,816 14.2 $748 $1,800 $0 $1,800 2011 1 TOTALS 78,816 14.20 $748 $1,800 $0 $1,800 2 CO 3 Grand Mesa- Uncompahgre-Gunnison Matterhorn Mill RF - 40 $0 $5,000 $0 $5,000 2011 2 WY At Large Medicine Bow-Routt Walden Sites RF 7,196 2 $70 $175 $0 $175 2009 2 TOTALS 7,196 42.00 $70 $5,175 $0 $5,175 3 AZ 8 Coronado Florida Work Center RF 14,500 TBD $340 $750 $750 $0 2010 3 AZ 8 Coronado Palisades Work and Visitor Center RF 12,200 40 $485 $1,000 $250 $750 2010 3 AZ 7 Coronado Nogales Ranger District Office and Work Com RF 30,000 10 $115 $4,000 $0 $4,000 2010 3 AZ 8 Coronado Cave Creek Work and Visitor Center RF 4,500 25 $65 $600 $200 $400 2010 3 NM 2 Cibola Baldwin Cabin RF 1,650 40 $45 $200 $200 $0 2009 3 TOTALS 62,850 N/A $1,050 $6,550 $1,400 $5,150 4 UT 2 Fishlake Loa & Teasdale Ranger Stations RF 13,650 3.6 to 22.6 $186 $600 $0 $600 2013 4 ID 2 Sawtooth Greenhorn Guard Station RF 45,880 5 to 40 $76 $20,000 $6,000 $14,000 2012 4 UT 3 Uinta-Wasatch-Cache SLIFCC/Redwood Road Work Center RF 22,381 2.4 (max) $32 $1,500 $0 $1,500 2012 4 TOTALS 81,911 N/A $294 $22,100 $6,000 $16,100 5 CA 4 Eldorado Placerville Nursery - Spencer Field RB - 20 $0 $1,000 $200 $280 2010 5 TOTALS - 20.00 $0 $1,000 $200 $280 6 OR 5 Siuslaw Big Elk Campground RI 114 3 $20 $5 $0 $5 2010 6 OR 5 Siuslaw Cedar Creek Property RF 5,400 2.5 $0 $750 $0 $750 2010 6 TOTALS 5,514 5.50 $20 $755 $0 $755 8 KY 5 Daniel Boone Stanton District Office RF 2,880 1 $562 $160 $0 $160 2009 8 FL 3 NFs in Florida Camp Ocala Facilities RF 52,185 <40 $466 $3,000 $0 $3,000 2010 8 NC 11 NFs in North Carolina French Broad Work Center RF 10,422 4 $101 $697 $0 $697 2010 8 TOTALS 65,487 N/A $1,129 $3,857 $0 $3,857 9 MI 1 Ottawa Ontona g on Ran g er RF 3,259 1.75 $45 $65 $0 $65 2011 9 IL 19 Shawnee Elizabethtown Admin Site RF 9,091 2.27 $86 $115 $0 $115 2011 9 MI 1 Hiawatha St. Ignace Dwelling RF 2,617 0.25 $10 $257 $0 $257 2011 9 TOTALS 14,967 4.27 $141 $437 $0 $437 10 AK At Large Tongass Scow Bay Warehouse Petersburg RF 4,200 0.41 $24 $175 $0 $175 2009 10 AK At Large Tongass Harris Building Petersburg RF 11,760 0.67 $60 $750 $0 $750 2010 10 TOTALS 15,960 1.08 $84 $925 $0 $925 TOTALS 332,701 N/A $3,536 $42,599 $7,600 $34,479 Forest Service Facility Realignment and Enhancement Act of 2005 (FY 2006 Interior, Environment and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, Title V, P.L. 109-54) RF - Facility Conveyance Project RB - Bare Land Conveyance Project

Permanent Appropriations 12-13
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Table C 

Change in Federal Land and Facility Planned Conveyance Projects

The following projects have been dropped from the Federal Land and Facility Conveyance listings in FY 

2006 through FY 2009: 

Fiscal 

Year Region State Project Name Forest 

Cong. 

District Acres 

2006 9 PA Old Marienville Headquarters Allegheny 5th 4.9 

2007 6 WA Mt. Adams Residences Gifford Pinchot 3rd 3.0 

2007 6 OR Parkdale Work Center East Mt Hood 2nd 2.0 

2007 6 OR Roseburg Powder House Site Umpqua 4th 1.3 

2008 6 OR Zigzag North Compound Mt Hood 3rd 35.0 

2008 6 WA Conconully Ranger Station 

OkanoganWenatchee 5th 0.7 

2008 6 WA Steliko Ranger Station 

OkanoganWenatchee 4th 20.0 

2008 6 OR 

Star Gulch Work Center 

(Land) 

Rogue RiverSiskiyou 2nd 12.0 

2008 6 OR Star Gulch Upper Compound 

Rogue RiverSiskiyou 2nd 5.0 

2008 6 OR Mapleton Administrative Site Siuslaw 4th 16.0 

2008 6 OR Flat Creek Willamette 4th 20.0 

2008 9 MO Popular Bluff Replacement Mark Twain 8th 3.5 

2008 9 IL Eddyville Administrative Site Shawnee 19th 1.1 

2008 9 NH Bog Brook Compound White Mountain 2nd 15.0 

2008 9 NH Twin Mountain Depot White Mountain 2nd 2.0 

2009 6 OR Communications Shop Malheur 2nd 0.0 

2009 6 OR Enterprise Compound Wallowa-Whitman 2nd 2.0 

Permanent Appropriations 12-14
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction

New Budget Authority 4,000 4,000 4,000 0

Program Level 13,175 2,000 2,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 8833 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 budget includes $2,000,000 which is the typical program level for this fund. In FY 2008, 

$15,000,000 of available Purchaser Election funds were authorized for vegetative treatments as a onetime authority. Program level and accomplishments in FY 2010 are dependent upon the number of 

qualifying small businesses purchasing timber sales, and the number of those that do not have the 

capability to perform the required road work. The program constructs or improves specified roads and 

bridges in order to support the timber harvest operations of small business operators. 

No funding is included in FY 2010 for the Purchaser Election Fund for vegetation treatments. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, 46 miles of passenger car and 73 miles of high clearance/closed roads were improved under 

the Purchaser Election Fund in support of the Forest Products program. In addition, the agency sold 

157,619 hundred cubic feet (CCF) (79 MMBF) of timber volume using authorities provided in P.L. 110-

161, Sec. 423. 

. 

Authorities

National Forest Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 472a(i)). The Act authorizes the Secretary of 

Agriculture to use any receipts from the sale of timber for the construction of roads required under the 

timber sale contract. 

Department of the Interior and Related Appropriations Act, 1999 (16 USC 535a (c)) (P.L. 105-277, div. 

A, Sec. 101(e), [title III, Sec. 329], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-231, 2681-292.) This Act authorizes 

small business timber purchasers to elect to pay the Forest Service to reconstruct or construct any 

permanent roads or bridges required by the timber sale. The timber purchaser must be classified as a 

small business operator, and the total estimated reconstruction and construction cost in the timber sale 

contract must exceed $50,000. 

Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Appropriations Act, 2008 (P.L. 110-161, Sec. 6., 

div. F, [title IV, Sec. 423], Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2150.) This Act authorized the use of $15,000,000 

from current balances of the Purchaser Election Fund for vegetative treatments. 

 

Permanent Appropriations 12-15
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview 

The Purchaser Election program supports construction and reconstruction of any permanent road or 

bridge required under the terms and conditions of timber sale contracts. When a small business timber 

purchaser is awarded a contract, the purchaser may elect to pay the Forest Service to construct or 

reconstruct specified roads in the timber sale contract to a standard necessary to harvest and remove 

timber and other forest products. The agency then uses the Purchase Election funds to contract for the 

required road work and administer the contract. To qualify for this program the estimated cost of road 

construction and/or reconstruction must exceed $50,000. This program benefits both small timber 

contractors who might otherwise be unable to bid on Forest Service timber sales, as well as providing for 

appropriate road improvements preventing soil degradation, stream sedimentation, or other damages 

resulting from poor road construction and maintenance. 

In FY 2008, $15,000,000 of available Purchaser Election funds were authorized for vegetative treatments 

in timber stands at high risk of fire due to insect, disease, or drought, and treatments that would maintain 

the infrastructure for the processing of woody fiber in regions where it was critical to sustaining local 

economies and fulfilling the forest health objectives of the Forest Service. These funds were also 

available for necessary road work in support of those vegetative treatments. 

Allocation and Integration

In FY 2008, funding for vegetative treatments was allocated based upon an assessment of need that 

included fire risk, risk of insect and disease, and unit costs.

Permanent Appropriations 12-16
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Timber Salvage Sales 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Timber Salvage Sales

New Budget Authority 35,381 32,000 32,000 0

Program Level 43,939 46,000 41,080 -4,920

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 400 371 323 -48

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Timber Salvage Sales

Volume of salvage timber sold 

(hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 1,862,175 978,050 797,000 871,054 511,000 338,100 -172,900

Volume of salvage timber sold 

(million board feet (MMBF)) 974 517 399 472 256 169 -87

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $41,080,000 for the Timber Salvage Sales Fund, a decrease of 

$4,920,000 from FY 2009. The planned program level reflects prior year collections, which have been 

decreasing due to the decline in the Forest Products market. The funding will be used to analyze, prepare, 

and offer new salvage sales while administering salvage timber sales awarded in the recent past. Salvage 

sale treatments primarily follow recent fire and insect outbreaks in the west. It is expected that 338,100 

CCF (about 169 MMBF) of timber volume would be sold in FY 2010, a decrease of 172,900 CCF (about 

87 MMBF) from the FY 2009 level. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the agency sold 871,054 CCF (472 MMBF) and exceeded its planned salvage sale sold 

volume by 9 percent. 

Authorities

The National Forest Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 472a (h)). This Act authorizes the Secretary of 

Agriculture to require purchasers of salvage timber to make monetary deposits in a designated Treasury 

fund to cover the costs for sale preparation and administration, and the engineering design and 

administration of any needed roads necessary for the harvesting of the salvage timber. Funds are 

available until expended. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-17
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview

The Salvage Sale program collects revenues from the sale of timber from dead and dying trees to prepare 

and administer future salvage timber sales, including engineering support. These revenues are deposited 

into the Salvage Sale Fund and are available to immediately respond to timber salvage opportunities. The 

removal of fire-damaged, diseased and insect-infested timber through timber sale contracts is a tool to 

reduce the potential for catastrophic wildland fires and other hazards associated with dead or dying 

timber. Timely salvage sales also help maximize the recovery of potentially lost timber product value; 

and through the collection of Knutson-Vandenberg Act funds, can provide for restoration of the affected 

area. 

Allocation and Integration

Timber Salvage Sale funds are allocated based upon the amount cash available in regional salvage 

accounts and the relative need for treatment each fiscal year. In addition to the Salvage Sale Fund, timber 

sales are funded through regular appropriations and other special authorities, including the Timber Sale 

Pipeline Restoration Fund, the Knutson – Vandenberg Fund, and the Stewardship Contracting Fund. All 

of these funds receive a portion of the revenues received from timber sales. 

Partnerships

Effective implementation of this program requires timber industry infrastructure located close to the 

national forests. Without it, timber sales may not be economically viable, and no salvage timber volume 

would be harvested. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-18
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Stewardship Contracting 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Stewardship Contracting

New Budget Authority 3,073 4,500 4,500 0

Program Level 5,235 5,000 2,800 -2,200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Stewardship Contracting

Acres of forest vegetation established 47 111 50 784 1,031 1,166 135

Acres of forest vegetation improved 13,008 14,275 13,000 15,854 20,846 23,573 2,727

Acres of noxious weeds/ invasive 

plant treatments 30 193 50 869 1,143 1,292 149

Acres of wildlife habitat restored or 

improved 4,022 12,196 8,000 5,804 7,631 8,630 999

Miles of stream habitat restored or 

enhanced 2 87 80 15 90 99 9

Miles of roads decommissioned 68 29 26 62 35 39 4

Miles of high clearance system roads 

improved N/A 129 116 105 135 148 13

Miles of passenger car system roads 

improved N/A 35 32 98 40 44 4

Volume of timber sold (hundred 

cubic feet (CCF)) 471,996 655,072 400,000 678,328 750,000 825,000 75,000

Volume of timber sold (million board 

feet (MMBF)) 241 331 200 339 375 413 38

Green tons of biomass made 

available for energy production 70,147 383,767 273,000 213,238 342,000 376,000 34,000

Acres of stewardship contracts / 

agreements awarded 60,344 77,676 91,000 65,890 107,000 121,000 14,000

Acres of hazardous fuels treated to 

reduce the risk of catastrophic fires 59,152 49,938 50,000 58,067 76,349 86,339 9,990

Acres of wildland-urban interface 

(WUI) high-priority hazardous fuels 

treated 35,727 34,285 34,000 35,617 35,000 38,500 3,500

Number of stewardship contracts / 

agreements contributing to 

watersheds in fully functioning 

condition (number) 7477 10 12 2

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $2,800,000 for Stewardship Contracting, a decrease in budget 

authority of $2,200,000 from FY 2009. The decrease is due to the decline in the timber market. These 

Permanent Appropriations 12-19
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

funds become available when the sale of forest products exceeds the cost of the service work obtained 

under an integrated resource contract. This funding would be used to improve, maintain, and/or restore 

forest and rangeland health; restore and maintain water quality; improve fish and wildlife habitat; 

reestablish native plant species; and reduce hazardous fuels that pose risks to communities and ecosystem 

values. 

 

Past Performance

The Program Performance table above shows a variety of resource accomplishments derived from the 

offset of the value of the forest products in addition to those resource accomplishments from the retained 

receipts on other authorized projects. Most of the accomplishments resulting from stewardship 

contracting activities increased in FY 2008 over those planned as shown in the Program Performance 

table displayed above due in part to the variability in the resource work needed in the region where the 

receipts are collected and the cost of those activities.

Authorities

Department of the Interior and Related Appropriations Act, 1999 (16 USC 2104 note) (P.L. 105-277, div. 

A, Sec. 101(e), [title III, Sec. 347], Oct. 21, 1998, Stat. 2681-231, amended by Department of the Interior 

and Related Appropriations Act, 2003 (P.L. 108-7, div. F, [title III, Sec. 323], Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 

275. Section 323 supersedes the original authority granted to the Forest Service in section 347. This Act 

authorizes the Forest Service via agreement or contract to enter into stewardship projects to perform 

services to achieve land management goals and meet local and rural community needs. 

Program Overview 

Stewardship contracting enables the Forest Service to apply the value of timber or other forest products 

from stewardship sales as an offset against the costs to accomplish land and resource management 

objectives. If the offset value exceeds the value of the resource improvement treatments, those receipts 

are retained and deposited in the Stewardship Contracting Fund and are available until expended for other 

authorized stewardship projects. Stewardship Contracting funds may be used for: 

1) Road and trail maintenance or obliteration to restore or maintain water quality; 

2) Soil productivity, habitat for wildlife and fisheries, or other resource values; 

3) Prescribed fires to improve the composition, structure, condition, and health of timber stands or 

improve wildlife habitat; 

4) Removing vegetation or other activities to promote healthy forests, reduce fire hazards, or 

achieve other land management objectives; 

5) Watershed restoration and maintenance; 

6) Restoration and maintenance of wildlife and fisheries habitat; and 

7) Control of noxious and invasive weeds, and re-establishment of native plant species. 

Stewardship contracts are selected on a best-value basis and employ multi-year contracts that may be up 

to ten years. Collaboration with local and rural communities is an integral part of each stewardship 

contract or agreement. 

Allocation and Integration 

Stewardship Contracting retained receipts remain on the unit where the receipts were collected for use on 

other authorized projects. Funds can be used on other units after approval by the regional forester in the 

region where the receipts were collected and only after public notification. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-20
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Partnerships

Stewardship contracting allows for national, regional, and local-level partnerships. Significant 

partnerships exist with national organizations such as the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and the Wild 

Turkey Federation, which provide assistance in areas such as training and implementation. In addition to 

these national organizations, there are many local collaborative partnerships that have been built through 

stewardship contracting. These collaborative partnerships have resulted in community support for 

stewardship projects and helped the Agency move forward with projects without litigation costs and 

delays that have often confronted traditional timber sales and some other hazardous fuel reduction 

projects. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-21
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund

New Budget Authority 4,571 4,000 3,000 -1,000

Program Level 4,183 4,000 2,800 -1,200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 42 40 28 -12

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Timber Sales Pipeline Preparation

Volume of pipeline timber prepared 

(hundred cubic feet (CCF)) 895,639 528,827 600,000 535,120 500,000 450,000 -50,000

Volume of pipeline timber prepared 

(million board feet (MMBF)) 448 264 300 268 250 225 -25

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $2,800,000 for the Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund, a decrease of $1,200,000 

from FY 2009. Specific programs within this Fund are as follows: 

Timber Sales Pipeline Preparation (-$900,000) – The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes 

$2,100,000 for the timber sales pipeline preparation, a decrease in budget authority of $900,000 from 

FY 2009. About 450,000 CCF (225 MMBF) of timber volume would be added to the pipeline of 

timber sales prepared as a result of this funding. This is a reduction from FY 2009 due to the 

anticipated reduced collections in FY 2009 due to a decline in the timber market that started in FY 

2008. 

Recreation Backlog (-$300,000) – The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes $700,000 to fund 

backlog recreation maintenance projects; a reduction of $300,000 from FY 2009. Emphasis is placed 

on repairs to correct health and safety deficiencies and reducing the backlog of deferred maintenance 

at priority recreation sites as identified on the forests’ Recreation Facility Analysis (RFA) and for 

system trails. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, 535,120 CCF (268 MMBF) in timber pipeline volume was prepared or 89 percent of the 

planned level. Outputs associated with the recreation backlog projects are combined and reported under 

the Capital Improvement and Maintenance Facilities and Trails programs. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-22
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Authorities

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-134, Sec. 101 (c), 

[title III Sec. 327], April 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321-206 and 207). The Secretary of Agriculture is 

authorized to collect and deposit revenues from a specific set of timber sales (i.e., sales released under 

P.L. 104-19, [title II, Sec. 2001(k)], July 27, 1995) for the purpose of preparing timber sales and 

addressing the backlog of recreation projects. Revenues from the sale of timber prepared using these 

funds are also deposited into this fund and are available for preparation of additional timber sales and 

recreation backlog projects. 

Program Overview

The Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund accomplishes a multitude of land and resource management 

objectives, such as improving forest health, restoring wildlife habitat, and providing forest products to 

meet local and national needs. In addition, as a result of the revenues collected, it is possible to address 

health and safety issues in recreation facilities and on system trails. Thus, this program also benefits the 

recreating public by addressing maintenance issues that may cause harm or otherwise detract from the 

outdoor experience. 

The following programs are included in the Fund: 

Timber Sales Pipeline Preparation - This activity includes the NEPA analysis to meet long term 

forest health and desired condition objectives, determining the volume and value of the trees to be 

removed, and timber sale layout and design leading to timber sale offer in future years. Seventy five 

percent of the Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration funds are used for preparation of future non-salvage 

timber sales to restore the timber sales pipeline volume. Expenditures may also include the necessary 

planning and design for the associated timber roads. 

Recreation Backlog – Twenty-five percent of these funds are expended on backlog recreation facility 

projects and system trails. This activity includes maintenance and improvement of recreation sites, 

system trails, bridges, and trailheads. 

Allocation and Integration

Funding is allocated to the field each year based upon the actual prior year collections from qualifying 

timber sales, with 75 percent of the net receipts collected in each region being returned to them for 

additional timber sales pipeline work, and the remaining 25 percent for recreation backlog. 

In addition to this fund, timber sales are funded through the National Forest System – Forest Products 

budget line item as well as the Salvage Sale Fund and the Knutson -Vandenberg Trust Fund. Recreation 

facility and trail projects are also funded through the Capital Improvement and Maintenance – Facilities, 

Trails, Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement, and Legacy Roads and Trails budget line 

items, and the Permanent Appropriation – Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund. 

Partnerships

Effective implementation of this program requires that the timber industry infrastructure be located close 

to the national forests. Without it, timber sales may not be economically viable, and no timber volume 

would be harvested. The agency accomplishes valuable recreation facility and trails work by leveraging 

funds and in-kind contributions through many partnerships. Volunteers, concessionaires, and other 

partners are engaged to enhance recreation experiences and help maintain nearly 70 percent of agency 

Permanent Appropriations 12-23
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

owned recreation sites. Trail crews are one of the primary means for the Forest Service to employ young 

adults and partner with local communities and interest groups. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-24
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Forest Botanical Products 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Forest Botanical Products

New Budget Authority 1,481 1,500 1,900 400

Program Level 1,192 2,500 2,700 200

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 15 25 15 -10

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Forest Botanical Products

Sold value of forest botanical 

products $2,244,191 $2,503,442 $2,800,000 $1,075,452 $2,200,000 $2,250,000 $50,000

FY 2010 Program Changes

In FY 2010, the budget includes $2,700,000 for the Forest Botanical Products Fund, an increase of 

$200,000 from the FY 2009 level to facilitate the sale of forest botanical products that meet local and 

national needs. This program assures that botanicals are removed in a sustainable and environmentally 

benign manner, while responding to the need for culturally important, medicinal, and the wide variety of 

other botanical products. 

This pilot program is authorized to collect fees through the end of FY 2009. The FY 2010 President’s 

Budget has requested that this authority be extended. Assuming that reauthorization will occur, the 

collections for the sale of forest botanical products is expected to increase somewhat as the agency begins 

implementation of the program under the final regulations associated with this fund. The estimated value 

of forest botanical products is dependent on market conditions; however we expect a relatively level 

program in the outyears. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the total number of sales was relatively level between FY 2007 and FY 2008, however the 

total value of the products sold was less in FY 2008 due in part to the overall decline in market 

conditions. 

Authorities

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000 (16 U.S.C. 528 note) (P.L. 

106-113, div. B, sec. 1000(a)(3), [Appendix C, title III, Sec. 339), Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535), as 

amended by (P.L. 108-108, [title III, Sec. 335]. Nov. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1312). This Act authorizes the 

Secretary of Agriculture to charge and collect fees from persons who harvest forest botanical products to 

cover costs to the agency. Funds collected are deposited in a special fund in the Treasury. This authority 

Permanent Appropriations 12-25
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

is provided through September 30, 2009, with the funds collected available for expenditure through Sept. 

30, 2010. 

Program Overview

This pilot authority provides a mechanism for charging and collecting fees from persons who harvest 

forest botanical products. Fees collected are to cover the costs associated with granting, modifying, or 

administering the authorization for harvesting, including the costs for environmental analyses. Work 

activities include inventory, analysis, sustainability determination for harvest levels, permit issuance and 

administration, and monitoring to facilitate the sale and harvest of forest botanical products through FY 

2010. The objectives of this pilot program are to maintain, enhance, or restore forest ecosystems to 

desired conditions, and to provide for the sale and harvest of forest botanical products in a sustainable 

manner that contributes to meeting the nation’s demand for these goods and services. 

Allocation and Integration

Funds collected through FY 2009 under this authority are currently authorized for expenditure on the unit 

where funds were collected through FY 2010. The Forest Botanical Products funds supplement the 

National Forest System – Forest Products budget line item for the sale and administration of forest 

botanical products.

Permanent Appropriations 12-26
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Roads and Trails (10 percent) Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Roads & Trails (10 percent) Fund

New Budget Authority 3,247 18,023 18,401 378

Program Level 1,541 0 13,000 13,000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 15 0 15 15

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

In FY 2010, the agency is requesting authority for use of these funds as previously provided and 

authorized in the Act of March 4, 1913. The FY 2010 program level is $13,000,000 which will be used to 

maintain, repair or reconstruct roads, and trails. Planned accomplishments will focus on reducing health 

and safety issues; and correcting road and trail deficiencies that are adversely affecting ecosystems, such 

as, removing barriers to aquatic organisms at stream crossings. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, 5 miles of passenger car roads, 5 miles of high clearance and closed roads, and 4 miles of 

trails were improved, and 100 miles of passenger car roads received maintenance with available funds 

from prior years. No new funds were available in FY 2008. 

Authorities

The Act of March 4, 1913, as amended (16 U.S.C. 501). This Act authorizes 10 percent of all moneys 

received from the national forests during each fiscal year to be expended for the construction and 

maintenance of roads and trails within the national forests in the States from which proceeds are derived. 

Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Appropriations Act, 2008 (P.L. 110-161, div. F, 

title III, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2129). This Act directed that funds becoming available in FY 2008 

under the Act of March 4, 1913 be transferred to the General Treasury and are no longer available for any 

purpose unless funds are appropriated. 

Program Overview 

A total of 10 percent of all national forest receipts are used by the Forest Service, without regard to the 

State in which the amounts were derived, to repair or reconstruct roads, bridges, and trails on NFS lands. 

Beginning in FY 1999, and subsequent appropriation acts, the authority was expanded to allow the use of 

funds for the purpose of improving forest health conditions, including repair or reconstruction of roads 

and bridges on NFS lands in the wildland-urban interface where there is an abnormally high risk of fire. 

The program reduces risk to human safety and public health and property and enhances ecological 

functions, long-term forest productivity, and biological integrity. Funds are directed towards correcting 

road and trail deficiencies that adversely affect ecosystems. In FY 2008, Congress directed that these 

receipts be transferred to Treasury. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-27
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocation and Integration 

Funds are returned to the region where the receipts were collected. These funds are used in conjunction 

with Capital Improvement and Maintenance – Roads, Trails, Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure 

Improvement, and Legacy Roads and Trails budget line items. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-28
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Rental Fee Account 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Rental Fee Fund

New Budget Authority 873 269 1,500 1,231

Program Level 503 800 800 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 011 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes $800,000 and 1 FTE to restore and manage prairie and wetland 

habitat on the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie (MNP). The funds provide for maintaining native plant 

communities and grassland bird habitat at the prairie. The ability to collect funds from grazing and 

agricultural uses provides a needed resource to the Prairie managers to continue to restore ecosystems and 

habitats in order to enhance biodiversity; promote scientific, environmental, and educational research; 

develop best practices for land management; and provide a variety of recreation opportunities which 

would otherwise be foregone. 

Authorities

The Illinois Land Conservation Act of 1995 (16 U.S.C. 1609 note) (P.L. 104-106, div. B, [title XXIX, 

sec. 2915 (b), (c)], Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 601-602). The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to issue 

agricultural special use authorizations or grazing permits for purposes primarily related to erosion control, 

provision for food and habitat for fish and wildlife, or other resource management activities consistent 

with the purposes of the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. 

Program Overview 

The Illinois Land Conservation Act of 1995 established MNP, to be managed as part of the National 

Forest System. The Act authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to issue agricultural special use 

authorizations or grazing permits. After appropriate payments to the State of Illinois and Will County, 

pursuant to the Act of May 23, 1908, and section 13 of the Act of March 1, 1911 (16 U.S.C. 500), 

available receipts from rental fees may be used to cover the cost of restoration, prairie improvements, and 

administrative activities.

Permanent Appropriations 12-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Restoration Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie Restoration Fund

New Budget Authority 000

Program Level 000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

0

0

0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

No funds are included for this program in the FY 2010 President’s Budget. 

Authorities

The Illinois Land Conservation Act of 1995 (16 U.S.C. 1609 note) (P.L. 104-106, div. B, [title XXIX, 

sec. 2915 (d), (e) and (f)], Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 602). The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to 

charge reasonable user fees for the admission, occupancy, and use of the Midewin National Tallgrass 

Prairie; and may sell for salvage value any facilities and improvements which have been transferred under 

this Act. The Secretary may use amounts in the fund, in such amounts as are provided in advance in 

appropriation Acts, for restoration and administration of the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. 

Program Overview 

The Illinois Land Conservation Act of 1995 established the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie (MNP), to 

be managed as part of the National Forest System. Receipts from user fees, sales of surplus equipment, 

and the salvage value proceeds from the sale of any facilities and improvements can be used to cover the 

cost of restoration of ecosystems; construction of a visitor center, recreational facilities, trails, and 

administrative office; prairie improvement; and operation and maintenance of the MNP. 

Salvage opportunities anticipated by the legislation have not materialized; less than $4,000 has been 

generated over the past 10 years. No expenditures have been made from this account since its creation. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Operation and Maintenance of Quarters 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Operation & Maintenance of Quarters

New Budget Authority 7,687 9,000 9,000 0

Program Level 4,675 8,000 8,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 24 27 27 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 budget includes $8,000,000 for the Operation and Maintenance of Quarters program and 

reflects no change from FY 2009. These funds maintain employee occupied living quarters in safe and 

healthy conditions. The program will emphasize improvements to water systems and health and safety 

issues. 

Authorities

Forest Service Quarters Operations and Maintenance (5 U.S.C. 5911, Other Provisions). This Act 

authorizes the collection of rental income from employees living in government owned or leased 

residences. Such rents and charges shall be deposited in a special Treasury fund, to remain available for 

obligation until expended, for maintenance and operation of quarters. 

Program Overview 

This program provides for maintenance, operation, and management of employee housing facilities, 

including associated utility systems. Funds may also be used to pay the rental costs for leased quarters, 

including utilities, due to extreme housing shortages in the area. In addition to maintaining safe and 

pleasant housing, work in this fund contributes to the reduction of the agency’s deferred maintenance 

backlog. 

Maintenance is defined as all types of maintenance to a structure or building including any governmentowned property and appliances integral to the facility. The fund does not cover betterments, additions, 

replacement construction, or new construction. 

Allocation and Integration

Rental deposits are pooled and remain on the forest were collected and may be used in addition to the 

facilities multi-program assessment (Cost Pool 9) funds for maintenance less than $250,000 in cost. 

Maintenance greater than $250,000 in cost may also be funded using Capital Improvement and 

Maintenance – Facilities, and the Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement budget line 

items. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-31
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Land Between the Lakes Management Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Land Between the Lakes Management Fund

New Budget Authority 3,755 4,200 4,300 100

Program Level 3,683 4,000 4,100 100

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 14 15 15 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The proposed budget level is $4,100,000 for the Land Between the Lakes (LBL) Management Fund, an 

increase of $100,000 above FY 2009. Funds will be used to directly support operational costs for 

customer-focused recreation and environmental education programs as well as capital improvements at 

the facilities where collected. LBL will continue to assess and analyze the highest priorities identified in 

the Area Plan for integrated forest management, particularly in a larger portion of the Northern Oak 

Grassland Restoration Demonstration Area. Implementation of the Devil’s Backbone project will 

accelerate. The agency continues to maintain recreation facilities to standard for public use. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, work continued on the scenic byway and corridor management plans for the road known as 

the “Trace”. LBL maintained an average of about 30 percent cost recovery, and appropriations continue 

to hold at an even or decreasing level by using the Management Fund to cover routine operations costs for 

the facilities that generate revenue. Some of the expected drops in visitation typically associated with the 

first year of a fee increase are predicted to be recovered in FY 2009. 

Authorities

The Land Between the Lakes Protection Act of 1998 (16 USC 460lll-23 and 24) (P. L. 105-277, div. A, 

Sec. 101(e) [title V, Sec. 523 and Sec. 524], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-315). This Act authorizes the 

Forest Service to retain certain recreation revenue receipts from the Land Between the Lakes National 

Recreation Area, to be deposited into a special Treasury fund to be available for obligation until 

expended. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-32
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Overview 

The LBL National Recreation Area provides public recreational opportunities; conserves fish and wildlife 

and their habitat; provides for diversity of plants and animals; and offers opportunities for hunting, 

fishing, and environmental education. LBL hosts an average of 2 million visits annually from people who 

come from all over the Nation and more than 30 foreign countries. 

Section 524 of the authorizing Act established a special fund known as the “Land Between the Lakes 

Management Fund.” All amounts received from charges, use fees, and natural resource use, including 

timber and agricultural receipts, are deposited into the management fund. Funds are available for 

management of LBL, including payment of salaries and expenses. 

Partnerships

LBL’s program of work provides the opportunity to partner with a number of regional and national 

conservation organizations, such as the National Wild Turkey Federation, Quail Unlimited, Rocky 

Mountain Elk Foundation, and Ducks Unlimited. Further, LBL’s volunteers, coordinated through the 

Friends of LBL partnership, log more than 112,000 hours of volunteer time on LBL projects. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-33
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Valles Caldera Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Valles Caldera Fund

New Budget Authority 974 1,000 1,000 0

Program Level 1,292 1,000 1,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $1,000,000 for the management and administration of the Valles Caldera National 

Preserve (Preserve) by the Valles Caldera Trust (Trust), a government corporation. The ability to charge 

and retain receipts for recreational and other uses provides the mechanism for the Preserve to improve 

access, enhance recreational opportunities, upgrade infrastructure, and purchase branded products for 

resale. The benefit of this program is to facilitate the management of the Preserve and to further the 

statutory obligation of the Trust to become financially self-sufficient. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Trust offered new recreation programs and experienced a 23 percent increase in 

participation. This included the hunting and fishing programs, as well as general public programs and 

special events and accounted for over $633,000 in revenue. The Trust also ran its largest cattle operation 

since being acquired by the Federal government and returned $58,000 to the Trust beyond the cost of dayto-day operations. 

Authorities

Valles Caldera Preservation Act (16 U.S.C. 698v-4, 698v-6). (P.L. 106-248, [title I, Sec. 106, Sec. 108], 

July 25, 2000, 114 Stat. 603 and 607; as amended by P.L. 109-132, [Sec. 2 (b) – (d)], 119 Stat. 2570). 

This Act authorizes the Valles Caldera Trust to receive and collect funds in support of the management 

and administration of the Preserve. This includes the authority to assess fees for admission to, and the use 

and occupancy of, the Preserve. In addition, the Trust may solicit and accept donations of funds, 

property, supplies, or services for the purpose of management of the Preserve. 

Program Overview

 

The Valles Caldera Preservation Act provided for the acquisition of the Baca Ranch located in the Jemez 

Mountains of New Mexico, designated the acquired lands as the Valles Caldera National Preserve, and 

created the Valles Caldera Trust to manage the 88,900-acre tract. The Preserve protects and preserves the 

scientific, scenic, geologic, watershed, wildlife, historic, heritage, and recreational values; and provides 

for multiple use and the sustained yield of renewable resources. The Preserve is managed by the Trust, a 

government corporation, that prepares annual budgets with the goal of achieving a financially selfsustaining operation by 2015. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-34
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

The Act allows for a variety of approaches to generate revenue in support of the management of the 

Preserve and to carry out the duties of the Trust. Various funding mechanisms exist from private, public 

and non-profit organizations. Options include accepting donations from foundations or the private sector 

 through charitable giving; or charging fees for use (grazing, forest products, filming, etc); and assessing 

admission fees and use fees. All monies received are deposited in the Valles Caldera Fund which is an 

interest-bearing account. These receipts are available without further appropriation for the administration, 

preservation, restoration, operation, maintenance, and improvement of the Preserve and its properties. 

Partnerships

The Act requires management of the Preserve by the Trust, a government corporation subject to the 

Government Corporation Control Act. A nine-member Board of Trustees is responsible for the protection 

and development of the Preserve. Seven of its members are appointed by the President of the United 

States. In addition, the current Superintendent of nearby Bandelier National Monument and the Forest 

Supervisor of the Santa Fe National Forest also serve on the Board. All Board decisions are made at 

public meetings. In August of 2002, the management authority was transferred to the Trust. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-35
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Budget Line Item Administration of Rights-of-Way and Other Land Uses 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Permanent Funds

Administration of Rights-of-Way & Other Land Uses

New Budget Authority 3,983 5,900 6,900 1,000

Program Level 2,358 3,800 4,400 600

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 20 27 27 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $4,400,000 for the Administration of Rights-of-Way and Other Land Uses, an 

increase of $600,000 above the FY 2009 level. Funds will continue implementation of the Recovery of 

Cost pilot program and provide for the processing and monitoring of commercial filming and 

organizational camp fee uses. Progress will be reviewed to ensure consistent and cost effective 

management occurs while improving customer service and reducing the backlog of permit applications. 

Past Performance

During FY 2008, the agency recovered approximately $4.0 million in costs involving 1,800 land uses. 

The backlog of authorizations also fell from 7,750 to 5,685 reflecting continued improvements in program 

administration. 

Authorities

Numerous Federal statutes authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to assess and collect fees from 

applicants for, and holders of, special use authorizations. These fees pay for the agency’s administrative 

costs to process applications for, and monitor, such authorizations. These authorities include the 

Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (P.L. 82-137), Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, as amended 

(P.L. 66-146); and the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-579). In addition, 

specific legislation authorizing the implementation of each program within this account is as follows: 

Special Use Application and Permit Monitoring Fees. P.L. 106-113, Interior and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Act, 2000, Section 331 (113 Stat. 1501A-196 - 197), as amended by P.L. 108-447, 

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, Division E, Section 345 (118 Stat. 3105), P.L. 109-54, Interior, 

Environment and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006, Section 425 (119 Stat. 555) and P.L. 110-

161 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008. This Act provides authority through September 30, 2012 to 

implement a pilot program to improve customer service to applicants and holders of special land use 

authorizations and reduce the agency’s backlog of expired authorizations. 

Commercial Filming (16 U.S.C. 460l-6d). The Act of May 26, 2000 (P. L. 106-206) authorizes retention 

of fees collected for commercial filming and photography land use authorizations and the obligation of 

the monies for the maintenance of the filming site. Land use fees are based on an appraised fee schedule 

to process applications and monitor still photography and commercial filming. All land use fees collected 

and costs recovered remain at the site where collected and are available until expended. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-36
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Organizational Camp Fees P.L. 108-7, Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003, Title V National 

Forest Organizational Camp Fee Improvement Act of 2003 (117 Stat. 294-297). This Act provides 

authority to establish a land use fee system for the occupancy and use of National Forest System lands by 

organizational camps that serve young people or individuals with a disability. 

Program Overview 

More than 50,000 land use authorizations and 30,000 recreation authorizations are currently administered 

annually utilizing Federal lands for a wide variety of purposes, including energy-related uses and 

campground management. In addition, approximately 6,000 applications, for both new authorizations and 

reauthorization of existing uses, occur annually. Processing and authorizing these uses are important in 

facilitating the development and transmission of affordable, reliable energy, in addition to supporting 

economic development and promoting the public health and safety of populations within or in proximity 

to national forests throughout the country. Work activities include: inspection, oversight, and monitoring 

of existing authorizations to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of the authorization; and 

providing responses, analyses, and decisions to requests to occupy and use NFS lands. 

Programs included in this Fund are as follows: 

Special Use Application Processing and Permit Monitoring Fees - Fees collected are based on the 

agency’s actual cost to process special use applications and monitor compliance. All cost recovery 

fees collected are spent at the administrative unit(s) where the processing and/or monitoring work is 

being conducted. Consistency is also established with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), 

particularly where projects that occupy Federal lands are managed by both agencies. 

Commercial Filming Special Uses Land Rent – Eighty percent of land use fees from still photography 

and commercial filming activities are used for managing these activities and streamlining issuance of 

authorizations. Ten percent is used to cover the unit’s cost of collecting these fees. The remaining 10 

percent is used in developing policies and procedures for the management of these activities, of which 

5 percent is available to the regional forester and the other 5 percent to the Washington Office. 

Organizational Camp Fees - Fees are based on a percentage of the agricultural land value, adjusted 

for services to at-risk youth. Fees collected are available until expended for program administration, 

monitoring special use authorizations, interpretive programs, environmental analysis and restoration 

activities, and similar purposes. 

Allocation and Integration

Land use and recreation use fees supplement discretionary appropriations such as the National Forest 

System – Landownership Management and Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness budget line items. 

These revenues are an integral part of sustaining the agency’s special use program. Outputs associated 

with these programs are combined and reported under individual resource programs throughout the Forest 

Service appropriated accounts. 

Partnerships

The agency cooperates with many other Federal agencies, such as the BLM, the Federal Energy 

Regulatory Commission, and the Army Corp of Engineers; interagency working groups; State, local, and 

tribal governments; and partners, such as the Western Utility Group and National Forest Recreation 

Association. Partnership opportunities provide an opportunity to streamline procedures in order to deliver 

consistent and clear direction. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-37
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Payment Funds 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Payment to States Funds

Payments and Transfers from the National Forest Fund

Payment to Minnesota

Funding 2,102 2,102 6,150 4,048

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Payments to States, Act of 1908

Funding 6,385 8,948 10,000 1,052

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Payments to States, SRS Act of 2000, Title II

Funding 40,215 51,865 65,000 13,135

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 143 101 101 0

(NFF Fund) Payments and Transfers from the National Forest Fund

Payments to States, SRS Act of 2000, Title I & III

Funding 66,339 71,887 46,506 -25,381

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Payments from Treasury

Payments to States, SRS Act of 2000, Title I & III

Funding 314,787 395,000 354,048 -40,952

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Payments from National Grasslands and Land Utilization Projects

Payments to Counties

Funding 10,737 16,000 13,000 -3,000

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Total Funding 440,565 545,802 494,704 -51,098

Total Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 143 101 101 0

0

0

0

0

0

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 budget contains the mandatory payments to Minnesota of $6,150,000 as required by the 

authorizing legislation. This is an increase from FY 2009 due to the decennial appraisal of land values on 

which the payment is based. 

The budget contains $10,000,000 for payments to States under the Act of 1908 (25 percent fund). 

Payments under the 25 percent fund are made a year in arrears based on receipts and credits specified in 

the authorizing legislation. This is an increase of $1,052,000 from the FY 2009 level, due to increases in 

Permanent Appropriations 12-38
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

receipts from national forest and grasslands in those counties that did not opt into the reauthorized Secure 

Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000. 

The budget contains an increase in the transfer to the Forest Service of $13,135,000 for projects on 

Federal lands, and a reduction in the payment to States of $25,381,000 million under the reauthorized 

Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000 The increase in transfers to the 

Forest Service (under Title II) is due to county elections for more resource work in those counties, 

although the total payments to the States, including the payments made from transfers from the Treasury, 

decline 10 percent per year under the Act. The extension of the original Act under P.L. 110-28 specified 

the payment amounts which were earned in FY 2007 and which were paid in FY 2008. The 

reauthorization of the Act under P.L. 110-343 revises the payment calculations for FY 2009 and beyond. 

The budget contains $13,000,000 in payments to counties based on receipts from activities on the national 

grasslands and land utilization projects which are paid as required by the authorizing legislation.

Authorities 

Payment to Minnesota 

The Thye-Blatnick Act of June 22, 1948, as amended (16 U.S.C. 577g), Payment for Additional Lands 

Acquired in Northern Minnesota. 

Payments to States 

Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 500 note). This Act 

originally authorized through FY 2006 as P.L. 106-393, provides choices to counties to opt to receive a 

guaranteed level of annual payments for roads and schools and other authorized purposes as well as 

funding for specific resource improvement projects on the national forest where the county is located. If 

the county opts out, they receive payments under the Act of May 23, 1908. P.L. 110-28, the Iraq 

Accountability Appropriations Act of 2007, provided for payments under the Secure Rural Schools and 

Community Self-Determination Act of 2000 for FY 2007. The Act was reauthorized through FY 2012 on 

October 3, 2008 in P.L. 110-343, Division C, Title VI. 

The Act of May 23, 1908, as amended (16 U.S.C. 500 note), Payment for Receipts for Schools and 

Roads. This Act, commonly known as “the 25 percent fund” or “the Act of 1908,” authorizes annual 

payments on a seven year rolling basis to States equal to 25 percent of revenues from the sale of goods 

and services by the national forests. States shall use these payments for schools and roads. The Act was 

amended on October 3, 2008 in P.L. 110-343, Division C, Title VI.

Payments to Counties—National Grasslands Fund 

Title III of the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of July 22, 1937, as amended 

(7 U.S.C. 1012). This Act authorizes annual payments on a calendar year basis to counties, equal to 25 

percent of net revenues received during the year (excluding receipts from the sale of land). Counties shall 

use these payments for schools and/or roads. This Act pertains primarily to national grasslands and land 

utilization projects. 

Permanent Appropriations 12-39
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Permanent Appropriations 12-40

Program Overview 

Payment to Minnesota 

The Secretary of Agriculture was directed to acquire resorts, cabins, and private lands within the 

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and permanent residents were prohibited after 1974. 

Additionally, in-lieu-of-tax payments were authorized to Cook, Lake, and St. Louis Counties for Federal 

wilderness land from any national forest receipts not otherwise appropriated. At the close of each fiscal 

year, the State of Minnesota is paid three-fourths of 1 percent of the appraised value of certain Superior 

National Forest lands in the counties of St. Louis, Cook, and Lake for distribution to those counties. The 

land value is reappraised every 10 years. New appraisals were done in 2008.

Payments to States 

Counties that opt to not receive payments under the Secure Rural Schools and Community SelfDetermination Act of 2000 as reauthorized do receive, with few exceptions, 25 percent of all moneys 

collected from the national forests and grasslands in which the forests and grasslands are located under 

the Act of 1908. These payments benefit public schools and roads in the county or counties within the 

national forests and grasslands. P.L. 110-343, amended the Act of 1908 which, among other things, 

changed the payment formula. Instead of being based on each year’s receipts, payments to the states are 

now based on a rolling seven-year average of receipts. (16 U.S.C. 500 note).

Counties electing to receive their share of a State’s “full payment amount” under the Secure Rural 

Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000, as amended by P.L. 110-343, receive payments 

under a formula based on several factors, including acreage of Federal land, previous payments, and per 

capita personal income. The payments will ramp down each succeeding year through 2011. 

Payments to Counties—National Grasslands Fund 

Annual payments are authorized to counties which contain Forest Service lands that were acquired under 

the Bankhead-Jones Act. Twenty-five percent of the revenues received during the year (excluding 

receipts from the sale of land) from each national grassland or land utilization project are paid to the

counties in which such lands are located. The funds are restricted to uses that benefit public schools and 

roads.

 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Appropriation—Trust Funds 

Trust Fund Appropriations

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg

New Budget Authority 66,845 55,000 50,000 -5,000

Program Level 71,446 83,357 84,199 842

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 477 640 615 -25

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work

New Budget Authority 000

Program Level 21,061 12,300 10,000 -2,300

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 245 115 85 -30

Cooperative Work, Forest Service

New Budget Authority 12,026 50,000 50,000 0

Program Level 37,324 50,000 50,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 217 240 240 0

Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund

New Budget Authority 251 250 255 5

Program Level 5 25 100 75

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000

Reforestation Trust Fund

New Budget Authority 29,999 30,000 30,000 0

Program Level 28,611 30,000 30,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 182 182 182 0

Trust Funds New Budget Authority 109,121 135,250 130,255 -4,995

Trust Funds Program Level 158,447 175,682 174,299 -1,383

Trust Funds Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 1,121 1,177 1,122 -55

0

0

Table Note: Cooperative Work, Forest Service includes both receipts and reimbursable collections. 

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

Trust Funds 13-1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Work Trust Fund — 

Knutson-Vandenberg Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg

New Budget Authority 66,845 55,000 50,000

Program Level 71,446 83,357 84,199 842

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 477 640 615 -25

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work

New Budget Authority 000

Program Level 21,061 12,300 10,000 -2,300

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 245 115 85 -30

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Knutson-Vandenberg

Acres of forest vegetation established 63,112 62,195 117,846 59,135 101,850 100,000 -1,850

Acres of forest vegetation improved 59,426 61,381 63,330 44,679 60,315 59,159 -1,156

Highest priority acres treated 

annually for noxious weeds and 

invasive plants on NFS lands 14,119 19,977 28,353 18,502 21,998 25,293 3,295

Acres of lake habitat restored or 

enhanced with non-Wildlife funds 11 1,118 1,218 1,006 1,352 172 -1,180

Miles of stream habitat restored or 

enhanced 19 2 21 9 12 1,912 1,900

Acres of wildlife habitat (terrestrial) 

(TES and Non-TES) restored or 

improved with non-Wildlife dollars N/A 99,663 232,246 103,518 134,254 190,869 56,615

Miles of roads decommissioned 18 61 0 22 0 0 0

Miles of high clearance system roads 

improved N/A 33 0 0 0 0 0

Miles of passenger car system roads 

improved N/A 13 0 0 0 0 0

Number of stream crossings 

constructed or reconstructed to 

provide for aquatic organism passage 0 15 0 2 0 0 0

Acres of hazardous fuels treated to 

reduce risk of catastrophic fire N/A 129,864 0 146,604 44,178 31,503 -12,675

Acres of rangeland vegetation 

improved 1,178 168 2,875 3,418 2,386 2,118 -268

Acres of watershed improvement N/A 4,670 6,642 3,420 6,529 10,837 4,308

 

Trust Funds 13-2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work

Acres of forest vegetation established 39,641 6,134 3,200 151 0 0 0

Acres of forest vegetation improved N/A 4,570 0 767 0 0 0

Forestlands treated to achieve 

healthier conditions N/A 57,756 17,000 29,911 5,700 7,000 1,300

Volume of timber sold (hundred 

cubic feet (CCF)) 621,919 716,408 427,800 340,738 241,300 294,700 53,400

Volume of timber sold (million board 

feet (MMBF)) 329 372 214 179 121 147 26

Miles of property line maintained to 

standard N/A 14 0 0 0 0 0

Miles of landownership boundary 

line marked/maintained to standard N/A 36 0 6 0 0 0

Miles of property line marked to 

standard N/A 22 0 0 0 0 0

Miles of high clearance system roads 

receiving maintenance 692 1,811 0 136 0 0 0

Miles of road maintenance 1,908 3,609 0 0 0 0 0

Miles of passenger car roads 

receiving maintenance 1,216 1,799 0 272 0 0 0

Acres of hazardous fuels treated to 

reduce risk of catastrophic fire N/A 45,951 0 10,806 0 0 0

Acres of wildland-urban interface 

(WUI) high-priority hazardous fuels 

treated 110,893 35,588 0 5,549 0 0 0

Highest priority acres treated 

annually for noxious weeds and 

invasive plants on NFS lands 40,798 6,993 0 2,706 0 0 0

Acres of rangeland vegetation 

improved 860 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acres of watershed improvement 773 242 0 2 0 0 0

Acres of lake habitat restored or 

enhanced with non-Wildlife funds 12 345 0 0 0 0 0

Miles of stream habitat restored or 

enhanced N/A 2 0 0 0 0 0

Acres of wildlife habitat (terrestrial) 

(TES and Non-TES) restored or 

improved with non-Wildlife dollars N/A 9,769 0 46 0 0 0

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget includes $84,199,000 in the Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) program to 

conduct sale area improvement work on timber sale areas on the national forests, an increase in budget 

authority of $842,000 from FY 2009. This funding will be used within timber sale areas to implement 

reforestation following timber harvest as well as other sale area improvements approved in the related 

environmental analyses. The funding level represents the portion of the total required sale area 

improvement work that needs to be accomplished in FY 2010. 

There will also be $10,000,000 available in the K-V Regional Work program, a decrease in budget 

authority of $2,300,000 from FY 2009. This work will primarily focus on vegetative treatments to meet 

forest health objectives which will also result in an estimated 294,700 CCF (147 MMBF) of timber 

volume. 

Trust Funds 13-3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Past Performance

Completion of K-V timber sale area projects is highly dependent upon the rate at which timber harvest 

units are harvested and accepted as completed. Factors include weather conditions that can slow down 

the rate of timber harvest and decisions made by the timber sale purchaser regarding which units are 

harvested in a given operating season. Moreover, Forest Service personnel originally assigned to perform 

K-V funded activities may be reassigned to higher priority work, such as wildfire suppression. All of 

these factors contribute to the agency not performing as much work as originally planned. However, the 

deferred or delayed projects are completed in subsequent years as the K-V funds have already been 

collected to perform the work. 

In FY 2008, for the K-V Regional Work program, the agency treated 12,911 acres more than planned, but 

timber volume sold was approximately 87,000 CCF (35MMBF) less than planned. The sale of about 

68,000 CCF (about 34 MMBF) in additional volume was delayed, was not awarded by the end of the 

fiscal year, or received no bids. 

Authorities

The Act of June 9, 1930, (16 USC 576b) (P.L. 71-319, ch. 416, June 9, 1930, 46 Stat. 527), as amended 

by P.L. 94-588, 1976, and P.L. 109-54, Aug. 2, 2005. The Act, known as the Knutson-Vandenberg Act, 

established a special fund to collect a portion of timber sale receipts to pay for reforesting the area from 

which the timber was cut. The Act was amended in 1976 to allow the Forest Service to use these funds 

for other sale area improvement activities. The FY 2006 Interior Appropriations Act amended this 

authority to allow for the expenditure of unused funds, not needed to accomplish work on the sale area, on 

other areas “within the Forest Service region in which the timber sale occurred.” 

Program Overview

 

The following programs are included in this fund: 

Knutson-Vandenberg – This program uses funds derived from timber sale revenues which are used 

for sale area improvement work within the timber sale area. Planned resource project work is 

documented in the sale area improvement plans and as determined by the project environmental 

analysis. The first priority for K-V program funds is reforestation of harvested areas. These funds 

can also be used to perform timber stand improvement and protection, and projects for the 

improvement of other resource values, including wildlife, soil, watershed, range, and recreation. 

Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work - The FY 2006 Appropriations Act expanded the authority to 

allow for the expenditure of unused funds, not needed to accomplish work on the timber sale area, on 

another area “within the Forest Service region in which the timber sale occurred.” Unused collections 

are generated when actual costs are less than planned costs. This new authority is used to accomplish 

watershed restoration; wildlife habitat improvement; control of insect, disease, and noxious weeds; 

community protection activities; and the maintenance of forest roads. To accomplish these 

objectives, K-V Regional Work program funds may be utilized for timber sale planning, preparation, 

administration, engineering support, and land line location. 

Allocation and Integration 

The Knutson-Vandenberg program funding is allocated to the regions based upon cash collected on 

timber sale areas and the planned resource projects identified on approved sale area improvement plans. 

Trust Funds 13-4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The Knutson-Vandenberg Regional Work program funds are allocated based upon cash availability, and 

where additional funding would effectively achieve the purposes of the authority. 

Partnerships 

The K-V program has contributed to partnerships and productive working relationships with State fish 

and game agencies and organizations such as the Wild Turkey Federation, Quail Unlimited, and the 

Ruffed Grouse Society. These productive relationships and partnerships are critical in the identification 

and planning of some K-V funded projects. 

Trust Funds 13-5 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Cooperative Work Trust Fund — Other 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Trust Funds

Cooperative Work, Forest Service

New Budget Authority 12,026 50,000 50,000

Program Level 37,324 50,000 50,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 217 240 240 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 President’s Budget proposes $50,000,000 for the Cooperative Work Trust Fund – Other 

program resulting in no program change from FY 2009. This level is consistent with anticipated 

collections from partners and cooperators. 

The collections allow the agency to 

leverage appropriated funds in order to 

deliver a variety of treatments and services 

which benefit Forest Service lands and 

other resource programs. 

Resource Activity Funding by Cooperators and Partners

FY 2008 

Wildlife

Invasives

Haz Fuel 

Reduction

Research

Facilities

Minerals

Inventory & 

Monitoring

Recreation

Roads

Lands

Reforestation

TSI

Watershed

Trails

Heritage

Range

Fire 

Preparedness

Cooperative projects vary in size and 

scope each year depending on partner 

interest, objectives, and financial 

resources, and meet both agency and 

partner needs. Each agreement specifies 

the type of work to be done as well as the 

funds being donated. The program of 

work varies each year. 

Authorities

The Act of June 30, 1914 (16 U.S.C. 498). This Act authorizes the acceptance of contributions for 

cooperative work in forest investigations, protection, management, and improvement of the National 

Forest System. 

The Granger-Thye Act of April 24, 1950 (16 U.S.C. 572). This Act authorizes cooperation with other 

parties to perform work for permittees, agencies, organizations, and persons for the kinds of work that the 

Forest Service is authorized to do on lands of the United States. 

The Roads and Trails Act of October 13, 1964 (16 U.S.C. 532-537). This Act authorizes the construction 

of roads using cooperative financing from other agencies. 

The Act of June 30, 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1643). This Act authorizes the acceptance and use of donated funds 

for research activities. 

Trust Funds 13-6 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

The Act of October 10, 1978 (7 U.S.C. 2269). This Act authorizes agencies within the U.S. Department 

of Agriculture to accept donations for non-research activities. 

The Act of June 6, 1968 (16 U.S.C. 693d). This Act authorizes cooperation in the operation of the Robert 

S. Kerr Memorial Arboretum and Nature Center. 

The Act of July 4, 1968 (16 U.S.C. 471h). This Act authorizes cooperation in the operation of the Cradle 

of Forestry. 

Title 31, United States Code, section 1321 (31 U.S.C. 1321). Section 1321 of Title 31 of the United 

States Code authorizes Trust Funds. 

Program Overview

The Cooperative Work Trust Fund - Other program is used to collect deposits received from partners and 

cooperators for protecting and improving resources of the National Forest System as authorized by 

cooperative agreements. The deposits are for a wide variety of activities that benefit and support 

programs in Forest and Rangeland Research, on National Forest System lands, and for other agency 

activities. 

 

The variety of activities performed using funds include wildlife habitat enhancement; recreation program 

activities; research; fire prevention and education; construction, reconstruction, and maintenance of roads, 

trails, and other improvements; scaling services; fire protection; and other resource purposes as authorized 

by law. 

Cooperative deposits are received from a vast assortment of local, regional, and national organizations 

and individuals; State and other public agencies; industrial associations; and other private sources. The 

deposits are made under a variety of cooperative instruments that specify the mutual benefits of the work. 

Cooperative deposits leverage appropriated funds to increase effectiveness and complement the objectives 

of Forest Service appropriated resource management programs and cooperative research projects. These 

programs and projects may involve any aspect of forestry and vary widely in scope and duration. Refer to 

the Special Exhibit on Forest Service Partnerships for additional information on cooperative activities 

using Challenge Cost Share agreements. 

 

Cooperative road maintenance deposits can be made by commercial users of the National Forest Road 

System in lieu of actually performing their commensurate share of road maintenance. These deposits are 

used in conjunction with the other road maintenance appropriations to provide maintenance of system 

roads by the Forest Service. 

Deposits for administering and protecting non-Federal land within or near the national forests can be 

made by owners of non-Federal lands that are intermingled with, or adjacent to, National Forest System 

lands. These deposits help landowners manage their lands in accordance with good forest management 

practices and provide for wildfire protection on State and private lands intermingled with Federal 

ownership. 

Trust Funds 13-7 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Trust Funds

Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund

New Budget Authority 251 250 255

Program Level 5 25 100 75

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 000 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

FY 2010 Program Changes

The budget includes $100,000 in FY 2010 for public education and regional promotion in cooperation 

with development districts, chambers of commerce, and State and local governments, an increase of 

$75,000 over FY 2009. Emphases will be placed on environmental educational messages tied with 

tourism initiatives in a way that will draw visitors to active management projects, where they will learn 

about the desired conditions in a variety of creative ways. The requested increase in spending authority 

provided to Land Between The Lakes (LBL) will be used to cover additional program elements of the 

“Respect the Resource” environmental education program that are anticipated. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Trust Fund continued its support of a successful school grant program for environmental 

education, serving more than 3,500 students. The Fund also helped launch a recycling campaign, tied to 

LBL’s “Respect the Resource” program and utilizing displays and interpretive signage to educate LBL 

staff and visitors to facilities. The campaign also assisted with education about water use and plastics. 

Authority

Land Between the Lakes Protection Act of 1998 (16 U.S.C. 460111-31) (P.L. 105-277, div. A, Sec. 

101(e) [title V, Sec. 531], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-317). This Act establishes the Land Between the 

Lakes Trust Fund. In accordance with Title V of the Act, responsibility for the LBL National Recreation 

Area transferred from the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to the Secretary of Agriculture. 

Program Overview

The LBL Protection Act called for LBL to be managed as a unit of the National Forest System (NFS). 

Section 531 of the Act established a special interest-bearing fund known as the “Land Between the Lakes 

Trust Fund” to be available for public education, grants, and internships related to recreation, 

conservation, and multiple-use land management; and regional promotion in cooperation with 

development districts, chambers of commerce, and State and local governments. 

In accordance with the terms described in the Act, beginning September 30, 2000, TVA began depositing 

$1 million annually into the fund for five consecutive years, for a total of $5 million. The Forest Service 

has allowed the principal balance to grow and much of the interest to compound, and LBL has now begun 

to use the interest earned on the fund for the purposes intended by Congress.

Trust Funds 13-8 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Budget Line Item Reforestation Trust Fund 

(dollars in thousands)

 

FY 2008 

Enacted

FY 2009 

Enacted

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

FY 2010 vs 

FY 2009

Trust Funds

Reforestation Trust Fund

New Budget Authority 29,999 30,000 30,000

Program Level 28,611 30,000 30,000 0

Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) 182 182 182 0

New Budget Authority: Amounts equal actual or anticipated receipts for the fiscal year. 

Program Level: Actual balance of obligations in FY 2008 and planned obligations for FY 2009 and FY 2010. 

 Annual Output Measure

FY 2006 

Actual

FY 2007 

Actual

FY 2008 

Plan

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Plan

FY 2010 

Plan

FY 2009 

vs 

FY 2010

Reforestation Trust Fund

Acres of forest vegetation established N/A 70,290 57,500 71,731 52,655 56,340 3,685

Acres of forest vegetation improved N/A 22,782 13,300 26,231 21,841 2,800 -19,041

FY 2010 Program Changes

The FY 2010 budget includes $30,000,000 to analyze, prepare, and implement reforestation and timber 

stand improvement projects outside timber sale areas on NFS lands, the same funding level as in FY 

2009. The FY 2010 funding would provide for 56,340 acres of reforestation and 2,800 acres timber stand 

improvement. The FY 2010 program prioritizes reforestation over timber stand improvement, and, within 

the reforestation activity, prioritizes higher-cost planting of seedlings over the relatively inexpensive 

certification of natural regeneration. This funding emphasis is critical to reforesting NFS lands impacted 

by wildfires, insects and diseases outside timber sale areas. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the program accomplished 71,731 acres of reforestation and 26,231 acres of timber stand 

improvement. These accomplishments were 14,231 acres and 12,931 acres, respectively, more than were 

planned for FY 2008, but are in line with FY 2007 levels. A large component of the reforestation 

accomplishment in FY 2007 and FY 2008 was certification of natural regeneration (approx. 43,000 and 

40,000 acres, respectively). 

Authority

Recreational Boating Safety and Facilities Act of 1980, Title III, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1606a(d)) P.L. 

96-451. 

Program Overview

A maximum of $30,000,000 is transferred to the Reforestation Trust Fund by the U.S. Treasury each 

fiscal year to reduce the backlog in reforestation and timber stand improvement work. Reforestation 

activities include site preparation and planting of tree seedlings plus various treatments to improve initial 

Trust Funds 13-9 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service 

Trust Funds 13-10 

seedling survival rates. Benefits of reforestation include restoration of forest vegetation impacted by 

wildfire, floods and hurricanes and establishment of forest vegetation resilient to the effects of climate 

change. Timber stand improvement activities include release treatments through removal of competing 

vegetation; precommercial thinning to regulate stand density, composition and structure; pruning 

treatments that reduce ladder fuels and improve future product quality; and fertilization treatments to 

maintain and improve soil quality. Benefits of timber stand improvement include improved forest health 

and productivity; hazardous fuel reductions; improved forest resiliency to the impacts of drought, insects 

and disease; and diversified wildlife habitat. In addition, timber stand improvement provides excess 

biomass to sustainably support energy production. 

Allocation and Integration 

Funds are allocated based on acres of reforestation or timber stand improvement need, acres of 

reforestation need created by wildfires and other natural events during the previous three years, and prior 

year accomplishments. Allocation decisions consider the combined accomplishment from the National 

Forest System - Vegetation and Watershed Management budget line item and the Reforestation Trust 

Fund program. These funds are used in conjunction with other vegetation management funds to provide 

an integrated, effective means of accomplishing forest health restoration, maintenance, or improvement 

under a variety of ecological and biological conditions. 

Partnerships 

Partnerships in reforestation are critical for program accomplishments. The key reforestation partners are 

American Forests, the National Forest Foundation, the Arbor Day Foundation, and the Batesville Casket 

Company. Combined, these partners enable the accomplishment of about 10,000 acres of planting. 

Climate Change 

Reforestation and timber stand improvement efforts provide climate change benefits through stabilization 

of critical watersheds and soils impacted by natural events, reduction of the long-term risk of wildfire 

(both in terms of frequency and intensity), improved forest health, increased habitat diversity, and 

increased long-term carbon sequestration capacity. 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Special Exhibits 

1 Allocations by Regions, Stations, and Area, FY 2009-2001...................... 14-2

2 Chief’s Reserve Fund ................................................................. 14-13

3 Conservation Education................................................................ 14-15

4 Deferred Maintenance and Asset Management..................................... 14-16

5 Facilities Maintenance Assessment................................................... 14-20

6 Fire Transfers............................................................................ 14-23

7 Indirect Costs............................................................................ 14-27

8 Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) Financial Status....................................... 14-34

9 National Scenic and Historic Trails................................................... 14-35

10 Office of General Counsel Reimbursement.......................................... 14-39

11 Office of Tribal Relations.............................................................. 14-40

12 Organizational Efficiency—WO/RO/Area Transformation....................... 14-41

13 Partnerships.............................................................................. 14-43

14 Reforestation............................................................................ 14-49

15 Research and Development Threat Assessment Centers........................... 14-52

16 Service First.............................................................................. 14-55

17 Summary of Recovery Act Funding ................................................. 14-56

18 Sustainable Operations.................................................................. 14-58

19 Unobligated Balances.................................................................. 14-60

20 Wood Education and Resource Center............................................... 14-62

21 Working Capital Fund—Forest Service.............................................. 14-64

22 Working Capital Fund—Forest Service Fleet Management....................... 14-65

23 Working Capital Fund and Greenbook Charges—USDA ........................ 14-67

Special Exhibits 14-1 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 

 REGION 01 REGION 02

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 40 42 43

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 40 42 43

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 2,694 2,689 2,768 3,021 2,826 2,909

State Fire Assistance 1,462 1,515 1,522 2,240 2,283 2,295

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 562 332 330 757 542 536

Volunteer Fire Assistance 376 382 446 656 665 776

Forest Stewardship 794 586 621 1,410 1,049 1,113

Forest Legacy Program 3,672 116 195 102 171 311

Urban and Community Forestry 640 538 535 1,516 1,456 1,444

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, State & Private Forestry 10,200 6,158 6,417 9,702 8,992 9,384

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 4,465 3,911 3,511 3,961 3,625 3,264

Inventory and Monitoring 11,109 10,983 11,102 10,393 10,080 10,190

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 16,400 16,626 16,820 23,786 25,881 26,167

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 10,197 10,477 10,673 8,714 8,865 9,027

Grazing Management 5,313 5,425 5,421 7,039 7,542 7,530

Forest Products 28,234 27,904 27,488 23,411 22,450 22,115

Vegetation and Watershed Management 18,848 19,262 19,510 13,693 14,841 15,032

Minerals and Geology Management 10,088 10,758 10,949 10,053 9,900 10,068

Landownership Management 6,609 6,609 6,712 7,564 7,654 7,769

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 111,263 111,955 112,186 108,614 110,838 111,162

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 55,351 59,844 59,870 28,354 30,548 30,538

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 17,884 21,643 20,653 39,868 27,816 26,542

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 1,309 1,935 1,500 1,029 556 436

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 0 0 0

Joint Fire Sciences 000 00

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 1,733 2,003 1,652 1,885 2,428 2,013

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 1,398 1,444 1,000 1,176 1,304 906

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 563 793 720 1,122 1,553 1,411

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 629 707 550 747 840 653

Total, Wildland Fire Management 78,867 88,369 85,945 74,181 65,045 62,499

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 5,698 5,315 5,517 11,479 11,249 11,676

Roads 18,340 18,376 18,955 20,462 21,115 21,766

Trails 11,464 11,807 11,997 7,282 7,707 7,827

Infrastructure Improvement 730 821 825 866 884 888

Legacy Roads and Trails 4,756 5,811 5,811 3,397 4,101 4,101

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 40,988 42,130 43,105 43,486 45,056 46,258

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 5,841 1,444 932 3,620 721 431

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 5,841 1,444 932 3,620 721 431

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 33,377 25,897 13,653 14,895 23,682 12,144

Trust Funds 18,771 17,302 14,280 12,488 16,911 16,640

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 1,700 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 4,500 10,100 0 0 7,600 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 0 0 0 12,000 5,000 0

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 4,000 0 0 13,000 0

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS

0

2 303,807 309,055 276,518 279,026 296,887 258,561

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were supplemented in FY08 by Fire repayment and/or carryover

Special Exhibits 14-2 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 

 REGION 03 REGION 04

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 00

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

State & Private Forestr

0

y

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 1,746 1,226 1,262 2,396 2,315 2,369

State Fire Assistance 670 691 695 678 692 694

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 470 608 601 328 187 184

Volunteer Fire Assistance 157 159 186 122 124 145

Forest Stewardship 771 511 542 404 306 323

Forest Legacy Program 1,930 57 91 2,191 109 195

Urban and Community Forestry 549 532 528 462 409 405

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, State & Private Forestry 6,293 3,784 3,905 6,580 4,142 4,315

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 4,757 4,786 4,309 4,061 3,866 3,461

Inventory and Monitoring 10,807 10,194 10,319 12,950 12,976 13,081

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 20,417 22,480 22,768 26,100 27,296 27,517

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 8,963 8,996 9,173 10,926 10,892 11,054

Grazing Management 9,530 8,742 8,752 9,694 9,719 9,687

Forest Products 12,026 11,277 11,136 16,607 14,421 14,109

Vegetation and Watershed Management 11,312 13,251 13,453 16,555 16,367 16,524

Minerals and Geology Management 8,145 7,995 8,137 12,074 13,015 13,210

Landownership Management 5,317 5,445 5,537 8,459 8,292 8,389

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 4,000 3,500 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 91,274 97,166 97,084 117,425 116,844 117,032

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 58,520 62,752 62,834 56,417 60,334 60,122

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 43,485 44,626 42,502 19,143 21,776 20,658

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 1,491 1,037 808 1,274 1,938 1,503

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 0 0 0

Joint Fire Sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 663 1,193 975 1,702 2,007 1,652

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 622 334 241 1,137 1,346 933

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 268 376 342 277 389 353

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 511 575 447 275 310 241

Total, Wildland Fire Management 105,560 110,893 108,149 80,225 88,100 85,462

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 8,844 8,811 9,149 8,167 7,927 8,194

Roads 19,472 19,931 20,569 20,598 19,509 20,058

Trails 3,831 4,087 4,156 6,295 6,882 6,966

Infrastructure Improvement 712 748 751 773 791 794

Legacy Roads and Trails 3,076 3,698 3,698 3,880 4,710 4,710

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 35,935 37,275 38,323 39,713 39,819 40,722

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 202 194 125 4,070 680 413

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 63 69 69

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 202 194 125 4,133 749 482

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 24,492 25,603 12,659 18,282 28,206 13,116

Trust Funds 4,841 3,443 3,405 10,801 7,198 6,433

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 550 6,550 0 7,500 9,400 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 0 5,000 0 0 2,000 0

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 12,000 0 0 7,000 0

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 269,147 301,908 263,650 284,661 303,458 267,562

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-3 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010

 REGION 05 REGION 06

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 000000

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 2,972 2,935 3,022 4,029 4,293 4,420

State Fire Assistance 1,644 1,684 1,692 1,895 2,567 2,579

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 1,127 976 967 1,023 916 913

Volunteer Fire Assistance 316 321 375 194 197 230

Forest Stewardship 836 581 616 1,257 963 1,020

Forest Legacy Program 4,793 332 601 1,707 112 206

Urban and Community Forestry 2,642 2,419 2,400 1,252 696 691

Economic Action Program 1,280 0 0 246 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 000000

Total, State & Private Forestry 15,610 9,248 9,673 11,603 9,744 10,059

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 3,690 3,395 3,017 5,641 5,306 4,775

Inventory and Monitoring 13,306 13,185 13,319 14,857 13,955 14,117

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 30,901 31,555 31,906 22,437 25,051 25,359

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 13,483 14,302 14,563 16,715 17,522 17,860

Grazing Management 2,961 3,328 3,319 3,767 3,971 3,971

Forest Products 31,097 36,343 35,674 55,555 61,182 60,387

Vegetation and Watershed Management 16,757 15,719 15,920 22,978 22,754 23,080

Minerals and Geology Management 8,227 7,338 7,461 5,836 5,768 5,869

Landownership Management 10,559 10,400 10,554 9,181 9,193 9,341

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 130,981 135,565 135,733 156,967 164,702 164,759

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 196,918 212,037 211,987 75,246 80,646 80,742

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 121,166 57,616 54,900 34,239 35,708 34,124

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 2,019 2,596 2,016 2,029 1,437 1,124

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 0 0 0

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 2,038 2,178 1,776 2,084 2,869 2,386

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 1,412 1,493 1,040 1,599 1,652 1,166

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 5,608 5,839 5,307 2,393 1,721 1,565

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 865 974 757 629 707 550

Total, Wildland Fire Management 330,026 282,733 277,783 118,219 124,740 121,657

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 11,101 10,283 10,680 9,499 9,445 9,802

Roads 25,976 25,387 26,199 34,764 33,923 34,999

Trails 7,750 7,888 8,013 7,632 8,000 8,134

Infrastructure Improvement 915 1,028 1,032 1,151 1,215 1,222

Legacy Roads and Trails 6,719 8,279 8,279 8,372 10,528 10,528

Protect National Parks & Forests 14,000 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 66,461 52,865 54,203 61,418 63,111 64,685

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 5,266 1,337 757 2,390 787 533

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 974 981 981 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 6,240 2,318 1,738 2,390 787 533

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 38,896 64,598 30,374 52,910 74,742 37,550

Trust Funds 32,919 28,394 28,040 35,189 33,413 28,470

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 10,300 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 10,730 24,300 0 640 9,500 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 68,000 35,000 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 75,000 0 0 7,000 0

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 699,863 710,021 537,544 439,336 498,040 427,713

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-4 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 

 REGION 08 REGION 09

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 95 99 101 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 95 99 101 0 0 0

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 10,020 7,176 7,367 13 15 15

State Fire Assistance 7,062 7,003 7,036 75 81 82

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 13,045 12,063 11,931 0 0 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance 1,628 1,652 1,927 0 0 0

Forest Stewardship 8,206 6,371 6,753 0 0 0

Forest Legacy Program 16,556 824 1,491 0 0 0

Urban and Community Forestry 6,693 6,326 6,278 0 0 0

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 000000

Total, State & Private Forestry 63,210 41,415 42,783 88 96 97

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 3,864 3,819 3,435 2,248 2,259 2,080

Inventory and Monitoring 11,390 10,509 10,615 12,638 12,307 12,468

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 27,061 29,663 29,972 23,482 25,528 25,872

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 16,787 17,884 18,205 14,281 14,756 15,053

Grazing Management 586 594 588 458 541 541

Forest Products 30,898 31,554 31,115 29,876 27,922 27,589

Vegetation and Watershed Management 14,638 15,004 15,186 14,175 15,425 15,656

Minerals and Geology Management 4,524 4,711 4,784 5,910 6,350 6,471

Landownership Management 9,367 9,651 9,788 8,636 8,910 9,063

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 119,115 123,389 123,688 111,704 113,998 114,793

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 33,775 36,112 36,044 21,820 23,406 23,463

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 37,767 41,999 39,965 11,622 12,101 11,637

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 324 379 295 305 448 354

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 0 0 0

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 59 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 512 460 317 0 0 0

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 8,407 11,791 10,716 0 -1 -1

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 2,000 2,250 1,750 0 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 82,844 92,991 89,087 33,747 35,954 35,453

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 17,376 14,848 15,406 10,725 9,249 9,612

Roads 25,824 25,910 26,713 20,734 20,278 20,937

Trails 8,678 8,989 9,132 6,515 6,780 6,906

Infrastructure Improvement 1,090 1,114 1,119 880 816 820

Legacy Roads and Trails 4,833 5,909 5,909 4,065 5,618 5,618

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 57,801 56,770 58,279 42,919 42,741 43,893

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 6,360 1,887 1,110 10,240 2,655 1,675

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 6,360 1,887 1,110 10,240 2,655 1,675

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 28,474 36,087 20,262 24,834 31,571 18,698

Trust Funds 30,066 32,087 30,140 21,211 24,309 21,003

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 18,000 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 1,080 4,400 0 0 2,450 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 0 3,000 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 7,000 0 0 0 0

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 389,045 417,125 365,450 244,743 253,774 235,612

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-5 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 

 REGION 10 FOREST PRODUCTS LAB 11

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 18,786 19,214 19,693

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 18,786 19,214 19,693

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 1,465 1,295 1,330 0 0 0

State Fire Assistance 720 741 744 0 0 0

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 653 587 580 0 0 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance 130 132 154 0 0 0

Forest Stewardship 662 490 519 0 0 0

Forest Legacy Program 1,174 67 124 0 0 0

Urban and Community Forestry 258 277 275 0 0 0

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 000000

Total, State & Private Forestry 5,062 3,589 3,726 0 0 0

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 1,108 1,059 961 0 0 0

Inventory and Monitoring 7,311 7,095 7,172 0 0 0

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 9,923 11,344 11,477 0 0 0

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 8,861 9,159 9,329 0 0 0

Grazing Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Products 19,876 18,906 18,627 0 0 0

Vegetation and Watershed Management 3,428 4,735 4,796 0 0 0

Minerals and Geology Management 3,311 3,851 3,916 12 0 0

Landownership Management 4,528 4,800 4,874 0 0 0

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 58,346 60,949 61,152 12 0 0

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 2,865 2,993 2,994 0 0 0

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 1,043 1,191 1,136 6,891 5,416 5,100

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 75 80 62 0 0 0

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 703 716 716

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 691 833 684 0 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 350 527 363 0 0 0

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 2,789 456 416 0 0 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 275 309 240 0 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 8,088 6,389 5,895 7,594 6,132 5,816

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 8,563 9,282 9,633 14,935 16,394 17,058

Roads 14,848 11,823 12,198 0 0 0

Trails 4,383 4,737 4,811 0 0 0

Infrastructure Improvement 717 646 650 133 387 388

Legacy Roads and Trails 668 1,348 1,348 0 0 0

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 29,179 27,836 28,640 15,068 16,781 17,446

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 628 120 71 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 628 120 71 0 0 0

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 4,573 4,533 2,115 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 7,212 8,351 5,053 0 0 0

Trust Funds 2,790 3,441 3,045 604 604 739

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 700 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 000000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 000000

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 115,878 115,908 109,697 42,064 42,731 43,694

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-6 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 ROCKY MTN RESEARCH STATION 

22

NORTHEAST RESEARCH STATION 

24

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 39,716 40,998 41,905 54,547 55,363 57,314

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 39,716 40,998 41,905 54,547 55,363 57,314

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 140 140 144 694 435 436

State Fire Assistance 0 0 0 240 178 178

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 50 0 0 223 195 193

Volunteer Fire Assistance 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Stewardship 0 179 190 349 245 245

Forest Legacy Program 0 0 0 55 38 38

Urban and Community Forestry 75 10 10 466 356 354

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 000000

Total, State & Private Forestry 265 329 344 2,027 1,447 1,444

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 0 0 0 0 0 0

Inventory and Monitoring 0 0 0 0 0 0

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 30 60 61 26 1 1

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 0 0 0 0 107 107

Grazing Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Products 0 0 0 0 181 181

Vegetation and Watershed Management 0 0 0 0 168 168

Minerals and Geology Management 12 0 0 12 0 0

Landownership Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 42 60 61 38 457 457

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 1,153 1,258 1,253 0 0 0

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 1,411 1,663 1,566 150 76 72

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fire Research and Development 7,785 7,281 7,281 3,387 3,451 3,451

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 0 0 0 1 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 0 0 0 4 0 0

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 10,349 10,202 10,100 3,542 3,527 3,523

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 825 1,163 1,210 1,979 2,325 2,419

Roads 0 0 0 062

Trails 000099

Infrastructure Improvement 137 27 28 142 56 56

Legacy Roads and Trails 0 0 0 0 0 0

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 962 1,190 1,238 2,121 2,452 2,546

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 0 0 0 0 0 0

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 30 22 19 0 20 17

Trust Funds 700 700 885 750 1,200 1,518

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 000000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 000000

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS

62

2 52,064 53,501 54,552 63,025 64,466 66,819

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-7 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH 

STATION 26

PACIFIC SOUTHWEST RESEARCH 

STATION 27

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 40,678 41,546 42,429 19,867 19,866 20,310

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 40,678 41,546 42,429 19,867 19,866 20,310

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 20 0 0 26 0 0

State Fire Assistance 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 400 417 412 140 146 144

Volunteer Fire Assistance 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Stewardship 0 0 0 54 48 51

Forest Legacy Program 75 71 133 0 0 0

Urban and Community Forestry 0 0 0 84 58 58

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0

International Forestry 000000

Total, State & Private Forestry 495 488 545 304 252 253

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 0 0 0 0 0 0

Inventory and Monitoring 800 606 612 0 0 0

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Grazing Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Products 000000

Vegetation and Watershed Management 200 205 207 410 492 497

Minerals and Geology Management 40 0 0 40 0 0

Landownership Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 1,040 811 819 450 492 497

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels 70 184 173 70 76 71

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fire Research and Development 3,406 3,471 3,471 2,955 3,011 3,011

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 448 513 414 37 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 3,924 4,168 4,058 3,062 3,087 3,082

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 695 91 95 759 872 908

Roads 000000

Trails 000000

Infrastructure Improvement 93 2 2 63 20 20

Legacy Roads and Trails 0 0 0 0 0 0

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 788 93 97 822 893 928

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 0 0 0 0 0 0

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 20 20 17 303 903 367

Trust Funds 850 850 632 2,005 2,043 2,530

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 000000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 000000

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 47,795 47,976 48,597 26,813 27,535 27,967

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-8 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 SOUTHERN RESEARCH STATION 

33 IITF 12

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 49,437 50,824 51,934 3,480 3,548 3,602

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 49,437 50,824 51,934 3,480 3,548 3,602

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 70 0 0 20 10 11

State Fire Assistance 0 0 0 314 348 350

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 576 573 567 167 178 177

Volunteer Fire Assistance 0 0 0 51 52 60

Forest Stewardship 775 379 403 410 321 338

Forest Legacy Program 10 9 18 610 58 99

Urban and Community Forestry 65 62 62 451 506 503

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 4,269 4,766 4,801000

International Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, State & Private Forestry 5,765 5,789 5,851 2,023 1,473 1,538

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 0 0 0 15 20 20

Inventory and Monitoring 600 606 612000

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 0 0 0000

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 0 0 0000

Grazing Management 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Products 0 0 0000

Vegetation and Watershed Management 242 248 251 62 17 17

Minerals and Geology Management 12 0 0 60 0 0

Landownership Management 0 0 0000

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 854 854 863 137 37 37

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 0 0 0000

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0000

Hazardous Fuels 70 76 71000

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 0 0 0000

Fire Research and Development 2,527 2,575 2,575000

Joint Fire Sciences 0 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 400 513 414000

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 0 0 0000

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 116 140 130

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 69 78 60

Total, Wildland Fire Management 2,997 3,164 3,060 185 218 190

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 342 1,271 1,322 891 307 319

Roads 0 0 0011

Trails 0 0 0 0 3 3

Infrastructure Improvement 158 32 32 12 7 7

Legacy Roads and Trails 0 0 0000

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0000

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 500 1,303 1,354 903 318 330

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 0 0 0000

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0000

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0000

Total, Land Acquisition 0 0 0 0 0 0

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 0 0 0

Permanent Working Funds 2 2 2 0 0 0

Trust Funds 1,316 812 1,012 0 398 503

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0000

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 0 0000

Hazardous Fuels FED 0 0 0000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 0 0000

Firefighter Retention Supp 000000

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 60,871 62,748 64,076 6,728 5,992 6,200

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-9 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 NE AREA STATE & PRIVATE 

FOREST ASC

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 27,457 29,708 29,708

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 0 0 0 27,457 29,708 29,708

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 9,682 8,200 8,444 4,426 4,924 4,924

State Fire Assistance 6,129 6,401 6,433 650 845 845

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 16,666 4,898 4,844 749 928 928

Volunteer Fire Assistance 2,282 2,315 2,701 0 0 0

Forest Stewardship 10,397 7,806 8,289 1,129 1,300 1,300

Forest Legacy Program 17,302 1,566 2,944 369 360 360

Urban and Community Forestry 8,605 7,713 7,651 747 785 785

Economic Action Program 2,680 0 0 0 0 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 0 0 0 222 167 167

International Forestry 0 0 0 378 432 432

Total, State & Private Forestry 73,743 38,899 41,306 8,670 9,741 9,741

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 0 0 0 4,874 5,683 5,683

Inventory and Monitoring 0 0 0 14,688 16,393 16,393

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 0 0 0 37,391 37,216 37,216

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 0 0 0 14,038 15,210 15,210

Grazing Management 0 0 0 5,941 6,792 6,792

Forest Products 0 0 0 43,710 47,570 47,570

Vegetation and Watershed Management 0 0 0 22,615 21,129 21,129

Minerals and Geology Management 0 0 0 8,676 8,939 8,939

Landownership Management 0 0 0 10,254 10,842 10,842

Law Enforcement Operations 0 0 0 10,395 12,614 12,614

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, National Forest System 0 0 0 172,582 182,388 182,388

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 35 51 51 23,228 25,688 25,688

Fire Operations -- Suppression 0 0 0 91,149 102,759 102,759

Hazardous Fuels 5 5 5 31,281 34,746 34,746

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 0 0 0 238 175 175

Fire Research and Development 0 0 0 1,601 1,910 1,910

Joint Fire Sciences 000000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 4 5 4 1,585 1,021 1,021

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 235 3 2 209 209 209

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 6,077 8,224 7,474 33 23 23

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 2,000 2,250 1,750 0 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 8,356 10,538 9,286 149,324 166,531 166,531

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 0 902 938 8,396 8,793 8,793

Roads 0 0 0 18,905 21,310 21,310

Trails 0 0 0 8,090 9,326 9,326

Infrastructure Improvement 0 21 21 323 297 297

Legacy Roads and Trails 0 0 0 0 0 0

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 0 923 959 35,714 39,726 39,726

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 0 0 0 859 1,149 1,149

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total, Land Acquisition 0 0 0 859 1,149 1,149

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 0 0 0

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 0 0 0 332 333 333

Permanent Working Funds 8 9 7 7,298 9,223 9,223

Trust Funds 0 0 0 9,378 10,734 10,734

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 000000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 000000

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 82,107 50,369 51,558 411,614 449,533 449,533

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-10 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 WO National / Unallocated3,4

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10 FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 19,426 19,472 19,473 12,398 14,971 15,098

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 -1,000

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 19,426 19,472 19,473 12,398 14,971 14,098

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 4,964 6,432 6,436 5,711 9,198 9,425

State Fire Assistance 2,111 2,508 2,508 6,713 7,464 7,495

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 3,254 1,770 1,771 4,352 20,976 20,743

Volunteer Fire Assistance 0 0 0 -6 0 0

Forest Stewardship 2,440 2,478 2,478 -363 3,386 3,567

Forest Legacy Program 1,637 1,549 1,549 135 44,005 82,703

Urban and Community Forestry 1,416 1,400 1,400 1,770 5,997 5,949

Economic Action Program 0 0 0 0 4,973 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 38 27 27 -13 40 40

International Forestry 6,900 6,843 6,843 105 1,224 1,792

Total, State & Private Forestry 22,760 23,007 23,012 18,404 97,263 131,714

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 9,062 8,823 8,823 1,086 2,281 2,179

Inventory and Monitoring 46,861 44,861 44,867 -1,130 3,828 3,828

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 15,672 15,248 15,280 9,009 9,686 9,701

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 7,263 7,232 7,232 2,155 3,985 3,987

Grazing Management 1,831 1,719 1,719 1,043 1,629 1,629

Forest Products 23,975 21,592 21,605 7,238 11,363 11,363

Vegetation and Watershed Management 12,563 13,533 13,552 8,962 7,286 7,308

Minerals and Geology Management 4,815 4,663 4,664 2,297 2,182 2,182

Landownership Management 9,343 8,834 8,834 1,482 2,669 2,669

Law Enforcement Operations 8,054 8,139 8,139 113,461 114,747 114,294

Valles Caldera National Preserve 0 0 0 3,692 0 0

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 0 0 0 -10,000

Total, National Forest System 139,439 134,644 134,715 149,295 159,656 149,140

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 58,406 73,584 73,667 53,732 5,749 5,747

Fire Operations -- Suppression 17,086 19,279 19,279 1,069,385 871,909 1,288,467

Hazardous Fuels 15,685 12,797 12,803 8,236 8,571 8,562

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 75 33 33 660 885 693

Fire Research and Development 220 261 261 936 1,240 1,240

Joint Fire Sciences 0 0 0 7,875 8,000 8,000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 314 202 202 387 1,488 1,245

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 41 39 39 1,163 1,117 785

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 82 82 82 20,232 23,613 21,461

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 0 0 0 -125 0 0

Total, Wildland Fire Management 91,909 106,277 106,366 1,162,481 922,572 1,336,200

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 3,771 4,248 4,261 -2,291 3,679 3,748

Roads 7,719 6,080 6,111 281 5,120 5,123

Trails 3,108 2,863 2,863 1,337 1,937 1,938

Infrastructure Improvement 125 117 117 -62 71 71

Legacy Roads and Trails 0 0 0 0 0 0

Protect National Parks & Forests 0 0 0 0 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 0 0 0 50,000

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 14,723 13,308 13,352 -735 10,807 60,880

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 151 178 178 2,199 38,624 21,309

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 0 0 0 221 250 250

Total, Land Acquisition 151 178 178 2,420 38,874 21,559

Range Betterment Fund 0 0 0 2,556 3,600 3,600

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 0 0 0 55 50 50

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 59 52 52 10 82 82

Permanent Working Funds 11,510 2,151 2,154 5,669 7,066 17,231

Trust Funds 1,920 2,035 1,816 2,411 2,475 2,475

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 000000

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 000000

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 0 0 0 25,000 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 301,897 301,124 301,118 1,354,964 1,282,416 1,737,029

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-11 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Allocations by Region, Station, and Area, FY 2008 and Estimated for FY 2009-2010 Forest Service Total

 ($ in Thousands) FY08 FY09 FY10

Forest and Rangeland Research 285,926 296,380 301,612

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 -1,000

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research 285,926 296,380 300,612

State & Private Forestry

Forest Health Management - Federal Lands 54,110 54,110 55,282

State Fire Assistance 32,605 35,000 35,147

Forest Health Management - Cooperative Lands 44,542 46,292 45,823

Volunteer Fire Assistance 5,906 6,000 7,000

Forest Stewardship 29,532 27,000 28,369

Forest Legacy Program 52,317 49,445 91,060

Urban and Community Forestry 27,691 29,541 29,327

Economic Action Program 4,206 4,973 0

Forest Resources Information and Analysis 4,516 5,000 5,035

International Forestry 7,383 8,500 9,068

Total, State & Private Forestry 262,808 265,861 306,111

National Forest System

Land Management Planning 48,833 48,833 45,518

Inventory and Monitoring 166,580 167,580 168,695

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness 262,635 277,635 280,117

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management 132,385 139,385 141,471

Grazing Management 48,163 50,000 49,949

Forest Products 322,503 332,666 328,959

Vegetation and Watershed Management 177,437 180,437 182,286

Minerals and Geology Management 84,143 85,470 86,650

Landownership Management 91,299 93,299 94,372

Law Enforcement Operations 131,910 135,500 135,047

Valles Caldera National Preserve 3,692 4,000 3,500

Rescission of Prior Year Obligations 0 0 -10,000

Total, National Forest System 1,469,580 1,514,806 1,506,564

Wildland Fire Management

Fire Preparedness 665,819 675,000 675,000

Fire Operations -- Suppression 1,177,620 993,947 1,410,505

Hazardous Fuels 390,086 328,087 315,285

Rehabilitation and Restoration (NFP) 10,828 11,500 9,000

Fire Research and Development 23,519 23,917 23,917

Joint Fire Sciences 7,875 8,000 8,000

Forest Health Management -- Federal Lands (NFP) 14,030 17,252 14,440

Forest Health Management -- Cooperative Lands (NFP) 9,858 9,928 7,000

State Fire Assistance (NFP) 47,967 55,000 50,000

Volunteer Fire Assistance (NFP) 7,875 9,000 7,000

Total, Wildland Fire Management 2,355,477 2,131,631 2,520,147

Capital Improvement & Maintenance

Facilities 121,755 126,453 130,740

Roads 227,924 228,825 235,000

Trails 76,365 81,015 82,081

Infrastructure Improvement 8,958 9,100 9,141

Legacy Roads and Trails 39,766 50,000 50,000

Protect National Parks & Forests 14,000 0 0

Emergency Supplemental - Hurricane/Flood 0 0 50,000

Total, Capital Improvement & Maintenance 488,768 495,393 556,962

Land Acquisition

Land Acquisition -- Land and Water Conservation Fund 41,827 49,775 28,684

Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts 1,037 1,050 1,050

Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges 221 250 250

Total, Land Acquisition 43,085 51,075 29,984

Range Betterment Fund 2,556 3,600 3,600

Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research 55 50 50

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses 4,974 5,000 2,582

Permanent Working Funds 268,213 338,153 192,545

Trust Funds 189,009 188,349 174,299

Supplemental Funding1

Hurricane/Flood Supp 0 30,000 0

Rehab & Restoration Supp 25,000 75,000 0

Hazardous Fuels FED 80,000 50,000 0

Hazardous Fuels S&PF 0 125,000 0

Firefighter Retention Supp 0 25,000 0

TOTAL, ALL FUNDS2 5,475,451 5,595,298 5,593,456

1) The Supplemental funding in FY 2009 came from a supplemental that was passed at the end of FY 2008 but not allocated until FY 2009.

2) Totals do not include Payments to States funding

4/ The FY 2010 Rescission amounts for Research and National Forest Systems are displayed on a separate line and shown in the

 National/Unallocated Column. These amounts will come from Prior Year Obligations.

3) Any negative amounts in the FY08 National/Unallocated column were suppleme

Special Exhibits 14-12 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 Chief’s Reserve Fund 

(Dollars in thousands) 

FY 2008 Funding FY 2009 Funding FY 2010 Budget 

$7,000 $7,000 $7,000 

Description

The Chief’s Reserve Fund (CRF) is managed in the Chief’s Office to fund emergencies or unforeseen 

events that occur throughout the fiscal year. This reserve fund allows units to respond quickly to 

unplanned urgent work without impacting the planned program of work. 

FY 2009 Program Approved 

Forest & Rangeland Research 310,000 

Forest Health Management-Cooperative Lands 140,000 

Forest Health Management-Federal Lands 210,000 

State Fire Assistance 157,500 

Forest Stewardship 87,500 

Urban & Community Forestry 70,000 

Land Management Planning 280,000 

Inventory & Monitoring 560,000 

Recreation, Heritage, & Wilderness 630,000 

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management 350,000 

Grazing Management 140,000 

Forest Products 630,000 

Minerals & Geology Management 175,000 

Vegetation & Watershed Management 630,000 

Landownership Management 280,000 

Law Enforcement Operations 145,000 

Hazardous Fuels 280,000 

Preparedness 530,000 

Suppression 450,000 

Facilities 420,000 

Roads 280,000 

Trails 175,000 

Infrastructure Improvement 70,000 

TOTAL $ 7,000,000 

Oversight/Administration 

At the Chief’s discretion, funds from this reserve are available for unplanned and/or emergency 

circumstances. Requests are evaluated against criteria including 1) the urgent nature of the event, 2) 

relevance of proposed use to priorities, 3) other funding source considerations, and 4) risks from not 

funding. Requests must be for work or projects exceeding $25,000. Initial fund mixes are determined at 

the beginning of the fiscal year, but may be remixed during the year to meet unanticipated needs. Funds 

are only spent in accordance with the purposes for which they were appropriated. Unused funds are 

distributed to the Regions, Stations, and Area as carryover in the following year. 

Special Exhibits 14-13 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Program Uses

In FY 2008, CRF funds were approved for some unplanned projects. Total program amounts assessed 

and obligated in FY 2008 are illustrated in the table below. 

FY 2008 Program Approved Obligated 

Forest & Rangeland Research 310,000 45,434 

Forest Health Management-Cooperative Lands 140,000 4,628 

Forest Health Management-Federal Lands 209,378 21,921 

State Fire Assistance 157,500 4,249 

Forest Stewardship 87,500 3,343 

Urban & Community Forestry 70,000 2,849 

Land Management Planning 307,000 21,663 

Inventory & Monitoring 747,000 57,581 

Recreation, Heritage, & Wilderness 105,975 89,967 

Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management 349,595 49,429 

Grazing Management 127,387 21,121 

Forest Products 260,935 112,841 

Minerals & Geology Management 224,300 175,100 

Vegetation & Watershed Management 1,042,274 97,098 

Landownership Management 405,000 90,896 

Law Enforcement Operations 145,000 30,130 

Hazardous Fuels 204,000 76,514 

Preparedness 494,000 54,254 

Suppression 450,000 213,423 

Facilities 530,000 30,659 

Roads 212,100 83,129 

Trails 255,000 26,307 

Infrastructure Improvement 70,000 2,364 

Cost Pools 100,000 100,000 

Transferred to Wildland Fire Suppression 5,589,044 

TOTAL $ 7,003,944 $ 7,003,944 

Examples of the types of projects funded by the Chief’s Reserve Fund during FY 2008 include: 

 Funding to cover the costs of an agency-wide contract for collection of fingerprint sets from 

identified agency employees. Costs include the fingerprinting of 14,000 employees. This project 

ensured that the agency met the HSPD-12 initiative requirements. ($970,000) 

 Funding to the Dakota Prairie National Grassland for processing and administering applications 

for permits to drill which include engineering and lands work. ($250,000) 

 Funding for the agency wide costs for the educational and awareness campaign for Forest Service 

Climate Change Initiative. ($194,900) 

 The remaining funds that were not allocated for Chief’s Reserve projects were transferred to 

Wildland Fire Suppression at the end of FY 2008. ($5,589,044) 

Special Exhibits 14-14 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Conservation Education

Program Overview

The Forest Service (FS) connects more than 4 million people each year with nature and public lands 

through its conservation education (CE) program. This program teaches people about natural resource 

management and gives them tools to make informed decisions and take action to sustain natural and 

cultural resources. CE programs help people better understand their connection to the land, and are 

delivered by a network of land managers, scientists, educators, and interpreters representing all branches 

of the agency. Learning experiences include outdoor recreational and interpretive activities, formal 

structured school-based programs that support local standards of learning, and stewardship projects 

focused on invasive species control, fire and hazardous fuel treatment and open space preservation. The 

program focuses specific educational efforts on children (pre-k through 12th grade) and their educators in 

classroom and informal settings. 

FY 2010 Program of Work 

In FY 2010, CE will continue to evaluate the agency’s 

programs and materials using national Guidelines for 

Excellence. Technology will be used to enhance program 

delivery for distance learning and web-based education 

tools. CE’s internet presence will be strengthened with 

improved information technology to enhance 

communication, networking and accomplishment 

reporting. These tools, along with environmental 

stewardship activities, will strengthen environmental 

awareness and knowledge, and citizen involvement in 

sustainable resource management. Partnerships will be 

leveraged to provide educational expertise, teacher 

training, supplemental curriculum materials, connections 

to our customers, and to effectively engage urban and underserved communities. 

Connecting Kids to Nature 

In 2008, “More Kids in the Woods” enhanced 

learning experiences for more than 20,000 

children. The Forest Service connected with 

urban underserved youth through the Bronx 

Youth Urban Forestry Empowerment Program 

in New York City. With the Girl Scouts, the 

program engages thousands of girls from rural 

and urban underserved communities in 

leadership projects, stream bank restoration, and 

outdoor skill development. 

Allocation and Integration 

The CE program in the Washington Office supports the field in the 

implementation of national priorities. At the field and regional 

levels, the program is funded through more than a dozen agency 

programs including recreation, heritage, and wilderness; wildlife 

and fish habitat management; forest and rangeland research; forest 

health management; urban and community forestry; hazardous 

fuels; and wildfire prevention. It is one the most broadly 

integrated programs in the agency. 

Partnerships

Partnerships with more than 1,500 individual organizations at the 

national, state, and local level nearly doubled the agency’s 6.5 

million 2007 investment in CE activities and ensure they meet local 

community needs. The Washington Office maintains national level partnerships that help provide 

technical assistance to our vast network of providers across the country and improve our reach to diverse, 

underserved and urban populations. 

Training Teachers 

The Forest for Every Classroom 

program provides teachers with 

resources and skills to infuse 

conservation education into 

curricula across all disciplines. 

Well-trained teachers in 

environmental education greatly 

amplify our ability to connect 

students with nature. 

Special Exhibits 14-15 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Deferred Maintenance and Asset Management 

Deferred maintenance is maintenance that was scheduled to be performed but was delayed until a future 

period. Repairs, rehabilitation to restore functionality, and replacements are actions that are taken to 

reduce or eliminate deferred maintenance in order to preserve the asset so that it continues to provide 

acceptable service and achieve its expected lifespan. Maintenance excludes activities aimed at expanding 

the capacity of an asset or otherwise upgrading it to service needs different from, or significantly greater 

than, those originally intended. 

Over the past decade, the Forest Service has implemented a national effort to collect detailed data on 

infrastructure condition and maintenance and improvement needs. This effort was initially in response to 

both financial reporting requirements and direction from Congress, but has shown significant value in 

support of additional agency priorities. 

The Forest Service uses condition surveys to estimate deferred maintenance on all major classes of its 

property, plant, and equipment (PP&E). No deferred maintenance exists for fleet vehicles and computers. 

These are managed through the agency’s working capital fund (WCF). Deferred maintenance estimates 

for most assets are based on condition surveys performed on a 5-year maximum revolving schedule, with 

the exception of the Bridges Asset Class which is on a 2-year maximum revolving schedule. To date, 

surveys of all administrative buildings, dams, bridges, roads open to passenger cars, and recreation sites 

have been accomplished. The agency’s deferred maintenance for high-clearance roads is determined 

annually from random sample surveys providing an 80-percent level of confidence. In FY 2008, 500 

roads were included in the sample. 

The agency is committed to sustaining a viable level of infrastructure, disinvesting in infrastructure that 

can no longer be managed to appropriate standards, rightsizing the portfolio, and eliminating the 

substantial backlog of deferred maintenance. Specific programmatic tools in support of asset 

management include: 

Asset Management Planning - Executive Order 13327, Federal Real Property Asset Management, 

established the framework for improved use and management of real property owned, leased, or 

managed by the Federal Government. The agency recognizes the importance of real property 

resources through increased management attention, the establishment of clear goals and objectives, 

policies, and levels of accountability. The agency expects to implement active management of its 

infrastructure portfolio based upon asset management principles established by the Office of 

Management and Budget (OMB). 

Beginning in FY 2010, all facility projects exceeding the General Services Administration (GSA) 

prospectus level ($2.75 million) and up to $10 million will be reviewed by a Forest Service Asset 

Management Review Board (FS-AMRB). Similarly, projects exceeding $10 million will be reviewed 

by both the FS-AMRB and USDA-AMRB. 

The agency continues to evaluate the road management objective levels for each road through site 

specific project analysis utilizing the Road Analysis Process. The goal is to operate and maintain a 

road system that is financially sustainable and consistent with forest land management plan 

objectives, and to align funds to address the critical deferred maintenance. 

Facility Master Planning - Forest Service field units continue to complete or update their facility 

master plans which identify fire, administrative, research, visitor centers, and recreation facilities for 

decommissioning, retention, alternate use, or acquisition. These plans will be used to actively 

Special Exhibits 14-16 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

manage the facility inventory, reduce the deferred maintenance backlog, and decommission unneeded 

facilities. 

For recreation sites, such as campgrounds, the agency is implementing both the Recreation Facility 

Analysis (RFA) and Recreation Site Improvement (RSI) processes as a means to reposition the 

recreation site program to better meet current and future needs of recreation visitors. One of the 

primary goals is to reduce the deferred maintenance of recreation sites by 20 percent on each national 

forest over the 5 years that is covered by the RFA program of work. Decommissioning of nonpriority recreation sites is one method national forests may use to reduce deferred maintenance. To 

date, 113 national forests have completed recreation site analyses in order to prioritize recreation site 

investments based on public needs. It is projected that all national forests will have completed their 

recreation site analysis by the end of FY 2009. 

Forest Service Facility Realignment and 

Enhancement Act - In FY 2006, the Forest 

Service Facility Realignment and 

Enhancement Act (Title V, Appropriations 

Act, P.L. 109-54) was enacted. This 

legislation authorizes the sale of unneeded 

administrative sites and the use of receipts for 

acquisition, maintenance, reconstruction and 

construction of administrative infrastructure, 

creating incentives to dispose of these 

facilities. To date, activities under this 

authority, including pilot projects authorized 

under P.L. 107-63, Section 329 as amended, 

generated approximately $39 million in revenues and reduced facilities deferred maintenance by $7.3 

million. 

Deferred

Maintenance

Receipts Reduced

Fiscal Year ($ thousands) ($ thousands)

2004 $ 1,347 $ 146

2005 $ 1,927 $ 599

2006 $ 13,593 $ 2,465

2007 $ 11,348 $ 876

2008 $ 10,494 $ 3,174

Cumulative Total 38,709 $ $ 7,260

In FY 2008, the agency generated approximately $10.5 million in revenues through the conveyance 

real property sale authorities, eliminating over 135,000 gross square feet of underutilized space and 

$3.2 million of deferred maintenance backlog by disposing of 46 properties. An additional $7 million 

in revenues was generated under other real property sale authorities, such as special state legislation, 

the Small Tracts Act, and the Townsite Act, eliminating approximately 29,000 gross square feet of 

underutilized space through the disposal of 104 land and facility properties. 

Facilities Maintenance Assessment – Beginning in FY 2006, the Department of the Interior, 

Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 2006 authorized the agency to assess all 

funds available to the agency for the purpose of performing facilities maintenance on fire, 

administrative, and other (FA&O) facilities and major visitor centers (Title III, Administrative 

Provisions, P.L. 109-54). Using a program assessment to fund facility maintenance provides an 

incentive to dispose of unneeded buildings and provide a restraint on new construction, because the 

cost of facilities maintenance is borne by an assessment of program funds. 

 

The table on the following page displays deferred maintenance by asset class as reflected in the agency’s 

financial statement. 

Special Exhibits 14-17 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Deferred Maintenance Totals by Asset Class 

As of September 30, 2008 

($ thousands) 

Asset Class 

Overall 

condition Critical1 Non critical2 Total 

Bridges Varies 27,911 105,179 $133,090

Buildings Varies 117,419 594,506 $711,925

Dams Varies 8,763 15,478 $24,241

Fences Varies 300,657 371 $301,028

Handling Facilities Varies 22,632 24 $22,656

Heritage Varies 5,096 10,415 $15,511

Minor Constructed Features Varies 0 101,599 $101,599

Roads Varies 782,000 2,618,000 $3,400,0003

Trails Varies 7,520 272,370 $279,890

Trail Bridges Varies 3,298 7,183 $10,481

Wastewater Systems Varies 19,964 14,876 $34,840

Water Systems Varies 60,250 43,125 $103,375

Wildlife, Fish, and TES Varies 4,537 1,969 $6,506

Grand Total $1,360,047 $3,785,095 $5,145,142

 1

Critical Deferred Maintenance: Deferred maintenance that results in a serious threat to public health or safety, a 

natural resource, or the ability to carry out the mission of the organization. 

2

Non-critical Deferred Maintenance: Deferred maintenance that results in a potential risk to public or employee 

safety or health, compliance with codes, standards, regulations, and so forth; or needs that address potential 

adverse consequences to natural resources or mission accomplishment. 

3

The roads’ deferred maintenance amount is for passenger-car roads (Levels 3 through 5). The total deferred 

maintenance amount, including the high clearance roads (Levels 1 and 2), is $5.1 billion. A portion of the Level 

1 and 2 roads were classified as stewardship assets. 

The overall condition of major asset classes range from poor to good depending on the location, age, and 

type of property. The standards for various classes of general PP&E, stewardship, and heritage assets are 

as follows: 

 Roads and Bridges - Conditions within the National Forest System (NFS) road system are 

measured by various standards, including Federal Highway Administration regulations for the 

Federal Highway Safety Act; best management practices for the non-point source provisions of 

the Clean Water Act from the Environmental Protection Agency and States; road management 

objectives developed through the National Forest Management Act forest planning process; and 

Forest Service directives. 

 Buildings and Dams - Condition of administrative facilities ranges from poor to good, with 

approximately 36 percent needing major repairs or renovations; approximately 11 percent in fair 

condition; and 53 percent of the facilities in good condition. Condition of a dam is acceptable 

when the dam meets current design standards and does not have any deficiencies that threaten the 

safety of the structure or public. For dams to be rated in acceptable condition, the agency needs 

to restore the dams to the original functional purpose, correct unsightly conditions, or prevent 

more costly repairs. 

 Range Structures - Condition assessment for range structures (fences and stock handling 

facilities) is based on (1) a determination by knowledgeable range specialists or other district 

Special Exhibits 14-18 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

personnel of whether the structure would perform the originally intended function, and (2) a 

determination through the use of a protocol system to assess conditions based on age. A longstanding range methodology is used to gather this data. 

 Heritage Assets - Condition surveys are performed annually on a minimum of 20 percent of the 

agencies’ priority heritage assets. Deferred maintenance is considered critical if there is a 

potential health or safety risk, or an imminent threat of loss of significant resource values. 

Heritage assets include archaeological sites that require determinations of National Register of 

Historic Places status, National Historic Landmarks, and significant historic properties. 

 Recreation Sites - Quality standards for recreation sites were established as meaningful measures 

for health and cleanliness, settings, safety and security, responsiveness, and the condition of the 

facility. Recreation sites include developed recreation sites, general forest areas, campgrounds, 

trailheads, trails, water and wastewater systems, interpretive facilities, and visitor centers. These 

components are included in several asset classes of the deferred maintenance exhibit. 

 Trails and Trail Bridges - Condition surveys are conducted to provide up-to-date information 

about the condition of all physical features and provide data to identify deficiencies and 

corrective measures that need to be taken. Deferred maintenance is identified for trails and trail 

bridges that are in disrepair due to lack of scheduled maintenance; are in violation of applicable 

safety codes or other regulatory requirements, such as applicable accessibility guidelines; or are 

beyond their designed service life. 

 Wildlife, Fish, and Threatened and Endangered Species Structures - Conditions are determined by 

field biologists using their professional judgment. The deferred maintenance is considered 

critical if resource damage or species endangerment would likely occur if maintenance were 

deferred much longer. 

Special Exhibits 14-19 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Facilities Maintenance Assessment

Background

Beginning in FY 2006, Congress authorized a multi-program assessment for maintenance of fire, 

administrative, and other (FA&O) facilities, including recreation visitor centers (Title III, Administrative 

Provisions, P.L. 109-54). Appropriated funds from Forest and Rangeland Research, State and Private 

Forestry, National Forest System, Wildland Fire Management, Capital Improvement and Maintenance, 

Land Acquisition, Other Appropriations, and eligible Permanent and Trust Fund accounts were assessed 

up to $35 million. FA&O facilities include fire facilities, such as airtanker bases, lookouts, airports, 

heliports, and fire management centers; administrative facilities, such as administrative offices (ranger 

district offices, forest supervisor offices, regional offices, research stations and laboratories), service 

centers and storage buildings; and other facilities, such as telecommunication facilities, towers, and dams, 

and recreation visitor centers. Maintenance less than $250,000 for these facilities will use funds 

collected by this assessment. Maintenance for FA&O and recreation visitor centers greater than $250,000 

is funded through the Capital Improvement and Maintenance Facilities budget line item and is shown on 

the Major Facility Project List. 

The Forest Service currently maintains approximately 19,000 FA&O buildings or approximately 24 

million square feet. The agency also maintains an inventory of over 1,700 dams and numerous other 

facilities such as water and wastewater systems and communication facilities. The current inventory is 

larger than needed and many facilities are in disrepair as evidenced by a large deferred maintenance 

backlog. It has been difficult to properly maintain facilities with available resources. Prior to new 

authorities authorized in FY 2006, the agency lacked direct incentives to reduce inventory and resultant 

maintenance needs. 

Using a program assessment to fund facility maintenance provides an incentive to dispose of unneeded 

buildings and provide a restraint on new construction, because the cost of facilities maintenance is borne 

by an assessment of program funds. This provides financial accountability for the cost of doing business. 

Assessments and Allocations

The facilities maintenance assessment will be based on approximately 24 million existing square feet. 

This amount includes a minimum of $1.48 per square foot, or approximately $35 million base program. 

Assessments are distributed across eligible budget line items based on each program’s prior year direct 

labor hour charges. In FY 2009, each unit requested additional assessments of approximately $11.2 

million above the $35 million base, to meet priority needs of their respective units for a total assessment 

of $46,160,000. The assessment varies from a minimum of $1.48/sq. ft. up to $3.09/sq. ft., which falls 

within the limits of 4 percent of the facility replacement value and $7 per square foot. 

In FY 2010, the Forest Service proposes to assess programs up to $55 million. This amount includes the 

minimum $1.48 per square foot, or approximately $35 million base program, and an additional $20 

million to meet the priority needs of each respective unit. Consistent with FY 2009, the assessed amount 

is limited to 4 percent of the facility replacement value and $7 per square foot. 

Allocations will be based on each unit’s requested additional assessment amount. 

The following tables display the assessments and allocations by unit and the distribution of the 

assessment by program. 

 

Special Exhibits 14-20 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

FY 2009 Facilities Maintenance Assessment and Allocation by Unit 

Unit Name 

Total Gross 

Square Feet 

(GSF)

Dollars ($) 

per 

GSF

Total 

Assessment 

Total 

Allocation 

Northern Region 2,580,479 1.94 $4,998,000 $4,998,000

Rocky Mountain Region 1,457,728 2.21 $3,220,000 $3,220,000

Southwestern Region 1,565,888 3.09 $4,836,000 $4,836,000

Intermountain Region 2,073,156 1.87 $3,880,000 $3,880,000

Pacific Southwest Region 4,016,342 1.48 $5,952,000 $5,952,000

Pacific Northwest Region 4,052,482 1.95 $7,901,000 $7,901,000

Southern Region 1,934,098 2.39 $4,619,000 $4,619,000

Eastern Region 2,846,255 1.92 $5,458,000 $5,458,000

Alaska Region 573,451 2.73 $1,563,000 $1,563,000

Region Subtotal 21,099,879 2.01 avg. $42,427,000 $42,427,000

Forest Products Lab 401,896 1.48 $596,000 $596,000

Int. Inst. Of Tropical Forestry 27,045 1.48 $40,000 $40,000

Rocky Mountain Station 414,247 1.48 $614,000 $614,000

Northern Station 492,047 1.48 $729,000 $729,000

Pacific Northwest Station 280,326 1.48 $415,000 $415,000

Pacific Southwest Station 220,031 1.48 $326,000 $326,000

Southern Research Station 459,027 1.48 $680,000 $680,000

Research Station Subtotal 2,294,619 1.48 $3,400,000 $3,400,000

San Dimas Tech. Dev. Center 32,495 1.48 $48,000 $48,000

Missoula Tech. Dev. Center 71,715 1.48 $106,000 $106,000

Grey Towers 55,303 1.48 $82,000 $82,000

Wood Education 65,191 1.49 $97,000 $97,000

Other Units Subtotal 224,704 1.48 avg. $333,000 $333,000

TOTAL 23,619,202 $46,160,000 $46,160,000 

Special Exhibits 14-21 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2009 Facilities Maintenance Assessment by Program 

Program FY 2009 

Assessment 

Research $3,397,000 

State & Private Forestry $902,000 

International Forestry $0 

National Forest System 

 Land Management Planning $630,000 

 Inventory and Monitoring $1,651,000 

 Recreation, Heritage and Wilderness $4,152,000 

 Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management $1,920,000 

 Grazing Management $861,000 

 Forest Products $5,971,000 

 Vegetation and Watershed Management $2,621,000 

 Minerals and Geology Management $1,123,000 

 Landownership Management $1,335,000 

 Law Enforcement 0 

 Valles Caldera 0 

 National Fire Plan-Rehabilitation and Restoration 0 

Total National Forest System $20,264,000 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

 Facilities $1,009,000 

 Roads $2,780,000 

 Trails $1,030,000 

 Deferred Maintenance and Infrastructure Improvement $38,000 

Total Capital Improvement and Maintenance $4,857,000 

Land Acquisition $172,000 

Other Appropriations $47,000 

Wildland Fire Management $13,921,000 

Permanent Appropriations $1,267,000 

Trust Fund Appropriations $1,333,000 

Total Assessment $46,160,000 

Special Exhibits 14-22 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Fire Transfers

In FY 2008, the United States experienced the third most expensive fire season in history. A total of 

almost 1.7 million acres were burned this year. California experienced some of their largest fires in the 

last century. To combat fires nationwide, the USDA Forest Service transferred approximately $260 

million from discretionary, mandatory and permanent accounts to help cover fire suppression costs. 

Projects at all levels of the organization were deferred as a result of these transfers. 

FY 2008 Forest Service 

Funds Withdrawn from Field for Transfer to Suppression 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Fire 

Transfers/ 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Enacted Repayments 

Forest and Rangeland Research 

Forest and Rangeland Research $285,926 $8,800 

 

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research $285,926 $8,800 

 

State and Private Forestry 

 Forest Health Management 

 Federal Lands $54,110 $1,700 

 Cooperative Lands $44,542 $1,121 

 Forest Health Management Total $98,652 $2,821 

 Cooperative Fire Protection 

 State Fire Assistance $32,605 $1,700 

 Volunteer Fire Assistance $5,906 $2 

 Cooperative Fire Protection Total $38,511 $1,702 

 

 Cooperative Forestry 

 Forest Stewardship Program $29,532 $1,400 

 Forest Legacy Program $52,317 $5,000 

 Urban and Community Forestry $27,691 $1,400 

 Economic Action Programs $4,206 $250 

 Forest Resources Information and Analysis $4,516 $160 

 Emergency & Disaster (from prior year allocations) $200 

 Cooperative Forestry Total $118,262 $8,410 

 International Forestry $7,383 $160 

Total--State and Private Forestry $262,808 $13,093 

 

Special Exhibits 14-23 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 Forest Service 

Funds Withdrawn from Field for Transfer to Suppression 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Fire 

Transfers/ 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Enacted Repayments 

National Forest System 

 Land Management Planning $48,833 $6,500 

 Inventory & Monitoring $166,580 $6,900 

 Recreation, Heritage, & Wilderness $262,635 $4,000 

 Wildlife & Fisheries Habitat Management $132,385 $4,900 

 Grazing Management $48,163 $1,000 

 Forest Products $322,503 $13,000 

 Vegetation & Watershed Management $177,437 $6,600 

 Minerals & Geology Management $84,143 $4,500 

 Landownership Management $91,299 $3,700 

 Law Enforcement Operations $131,910 $10,800 

 Valles Caldera National Preserve $3,691 

MAPS Map Sales 0 $5,000 

Disaster Fund Supplemental (carryover from prior years) $6,300 

Total--National Forest System $1,469,579 $73,200 

Wildland Fire Management 

 Preparedness $665,819 $19,739 

 Fire Operations - Suppression $845,620 

 Hazardous Fuels Management $310,086 $10,261 

 NFP Rehabilitation & Restoration $10,828 $1,800 

 NFP Research & Development $23,519 $850 

 Joint Fire Science $7,875 $350 

 NFP Forest Health Management – Federal Lands $14,030 $750 

 NFP Forest Health Management – Cooperative Lands $9,858 $150 

NFP State Fire Assistance $47,967 $1,000 

NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $7,875 $7 

 

 Supplemental & Emergency Funding - Fire $1,312,000 

Total--Wildland Fire Management $3,255,477 $34,907 

Capital Improvement & Maintenance 

 Facilities $121,755 $16,000 

 Roads $227,924 $13,000 

 Trails $76,365 $3,700 

 Deferred Maintenance/Infrastructure Improvement $8,958 $1,400 

 Legacy Roads & Trails $39,766 $4,200 

Special Exhibits 14-24 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 Forest Service 

Funds Withdrawn from Field for Transfer to Suppression 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Fire 

Transfers/ 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Enacted Repayments 

 Supplemental & Emergency Funding $44,000 

 Spectrum Relocation (Carryover from prior years) $6,600 

Supplemental Fund - Disaster Relief (carryover from prior years) $5,100 

Total--Capital Improvement and Maintenance $518,768 $50,000 

Land Acquisition 

 Land Acquisition $41,827 $10,000 

 Acquisition of Lands for National Forests, Special Acts $1,037 0 

 Acquisition of Lands to Complete Land Exchanges $221 0 

 

Total--Land Acquisition/L&WCF $43,085 $10,000 

Other Appropriations 

 Range Betterment Fund $2,556 0 

 Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research $55 0 

 Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses $4,974 0 

 

Other Appropriations Total $7,585 0 

Discretionary Appropriations Total $5,843,228 $190,000 

Permanent Funds 

Brush Disposal $11,891 

Licensee Program (Smokey Bear, Woodsy Owl) $10 0 

Forest Restoration and Improvements $4,715 $20,000 

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund $77,804 0 

Land & Facility Enhancement Fund $13,900 

Timber Purchaser Election Road Construction $13,175 $20,000 

Timber Salvage Sale Fund $49,939 

Stewardship Contracting $5,235 

Timber Sales Pipeline Restoration Fund $4,183 0 

Forest Botanical Products $1,192 

 Roads & Trails (10 Percent) Fund $1,541 

Midewin Tall Grass Prairie Rental Fee Account $503 0 

Midewin Tall Grass Prairie Restoration Account $0 

Operation & Maintenance of Quarters $4,675 

Land Between and Lakes Management Fund $3,683 0 

Valles Caldera Fund $1,292 

Administration of Right-of-Ways & Other Land Uses $2,358 0 

Special Exhibits 14-25 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 Forest Service 

Funds Withdrawn from Field for Transfer to Suppression 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Fire 

Transfers/ 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Enacted Repayments 

Payment to States Funds $440,565 0 

 

 Permanent Appropriations Total $630,661 $40,000 

Trust Funds 

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenburg $71,446 $30,000 

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenburg Regional $21,061 

Cooperative Work, Forest Service $37,324 0 

Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund $5 0 

Reforestation Trust Fund $28,611 0 

 

 Trust Funds Total $158,447 $30,000 

Mandatory Appropriations Total $789,108 $70,000 

 

 

GRAND TOTAL $6,632,336 $260,000 

Special Exhibits 14-26 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Indirect Costs

Background

The Forest Service has a continued commitment towards reducing indirect costs since the recent 

centralization of the Forest Service administrative functions at the Albuquerque Service Center. The 

centralization included the Budget and Finance, Chief Information Officer (IT), and the Human Capital 

Management functions. These centralized functions support and service the entire Forest Service. 

This centralization of administrative functions was designed to 1) improve the overall efficiency of the 

Forest Service’s administrative operations, 2) increase the Forest Service’s ability to meet the needs of its 

internal and external customers, and 3) redirect critical funds from indirect or administrative functions 

back to direct and/or mission critical programs. 

The Forest Service commitment toward long-term indirect cost reductions resulted in the need to establish 

indirect cost caps and overall cost pool ceilings for each Region, Station, and Area through FY 2008. In 

FY 2010, the Forest Service will continue its efforts to ensure that indirect costs remain stable or achieve 

further reductions through organizational restructuring and the refinement of our administrative processes. 

These reforms will, in the long term, enhance Forest Service efforts to improve accountability and focus 

on measurable results in the management of the national forests, as well as significantly reduce overhead, 

business management, and other indirect costs to improve efficiency and program delivery. 

General Policy

Appropriate application of cost pools allows the Forest Service to accurately reflect the cost of doing 

business in compliance with the Federal financial reporting standards articulated by the Federal 

Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). Accurately reflecting the true cost of doing business 

improves the Government's ability to account for public funds; provides information for evaluating 

agency costs, accomplishments, and impacts of accomplishments; and provides a basis to assess agency 

financial systems and controls. 

The Forest Service receives appropriations by program, and does not receive a general administration or 

management appropriation. Cost pools are used for expenses that can not reasonably be charged directly 

to a single program. The cost pools are designed to maintain accurate reporting of the true costs by 

program, by having each program contribute into the cost pools an amount based on its share of indirect, 

support, and common services charges. 

To effectively manage, fund, and account for indirect costs, the Forest Service continues: 

 Using the cost allocation methodology for distributing indirect costs to budget line items; 

 Using cost pools to capture similar costs by category; 

 Annually updating cost allocation directions; 

 Monitoring cost allocation data, cost pool transaction and accounting adjustments, and/or 

program changes to maintain financial integrity; and 

 Conducting cost allocation compliance reviews at region, station, area, and national forest levels. 

Special Exhibits 14-27 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Indirect Costs Policy Review

The purpose of the cost allocation compliance reviews is to determine the consistency in which the field 

organization and the Washington Office (WO) headquarters implement indirect cost policy and to identify 

areas for improvement. The agency uses the information gathered from the reviews to improve the cost 

allocation process and update cost allocation directions for the following fiscal year. 

Direct, Support, and Indirect Costs

Forest Service definitions of direct and indirect costs are consistent with FASAB Statement #4. The 

agency published the definitions in the FY 2000 Budget Justification. The Department of Agriculture 

Chief Financial Officer and the Office of Management and Budget cleared the definitions prior to 

publishing. The Government Accountability Office, United States Department of Commerce’s Office of 

Inspector General and Office of General Counsel, and the Department of Justice reviewed the definitions 

prior to publishing. 

 Direct Costs - Direct costs are specifically identified with the delivery of a program or a 

program’s accomplishments. Direct costs include expenses associated with employees working 

directly on the production of an output. Program management is an integral cost of the 

production of an output and therefore is included as a direct cost. Direct costs might also include 

costs not associated with employees involved in the production of output(s), such as office and 

other facility space, computer equipment, and utilities, as well as materials, supplies, and 

equipment. Direct costs are generally charged directly to a single primary purpose budget line 

item. 

 Support Costs – Support costs, like indirect costs, are not traceable to any specific budget line 

item. However, they are associated with line management administering the program of work, as 

well as a limited set of nationally designated cross-cutting projects and activities. The cost 

allocation methodology distributes support costs to budget line items. 

 Indirect Costs - Indirect costs are costs that are necessary for the operation of the Forest Service 

as an organization but are not traceable to any specific outputs. These include Legislative and 

Public Communication, Ongoing Business Services, and Common Services. 

Cost Pools 

For management and tracking purposes, categories of similar expenses are combined into five cost pools. 

Cost pools 1 and 2 are 100 percent support costs (direct cost pool), cost pools 3 and 4 are 100 percent 

indirect, and cost pool 5 includes both indirect and direct components. Other cost pools (6 and 7) track 

Office of Workers’ Compensation (OWCP) and Unemployment Compensation Insurance (UCI). Cost 

pool 9 collects facilities maintenance assessment funds. There is no cost pool 8. 

Generally, the cost pools serve as an accounting tool, providing the Forest Service with financial data on 

categories of similar expenses. This permits the Forest Service to plan for and manage support, indirect, 

and direct pool costs at different levels in the organization. A description of these pools and their 

associated costs are listed below. 

 Cost Pool 1 - General Management: This cost pool includes salaries, associated employee 

benefits, and related costs for general line managers and officers (including secretarial staff) at 

the WO, Regions/Stations/Area (R/S/A), national forest, and ranger district levels. In addition, 

union officials, civil rights positions, and safety officers are included in Cost Pool 1 to show their 

Special Exhibits 14-28 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

direct connection and link to line management. Related costs include uniforms, travel, transfer of 

station, vehicles, cell phones, laptops, specialized supplies and equipment, and discretionary 

expenses associated with these positions. Cost pool 1 is entirely support costs and is based on 

direct full-time equivalents (FTEs) of total employees within the cost pool. 

 Cost Pool 2 - Direct Project Approved Activities: This cost pool includes salaries, benefits, 

and related costs for a limited set of nationally designated cross-cutting projects, currently limited 

to Conservation Education, Tribal relations, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Resource 

Advisory Council (RAC) administration, and Grey Towers. Cost pool 2 is entirely program 

support and is based on direct FTEs of total employees within the cost pool. 

 Cost Pool 3 - Legislative and Public Communications: This cost pool includes salaries, 

associated employee benefits, and related costs for general receptionists, public affairs, and 

legislative liaisons at the WO, R/S/A, national forest, and ranger district levels. Related costs 

include uniforms, travel, transfer of station, vehicles, cell phones, laptops, specialized supplies 

and equipment, and discretionary expenses associated with these positions. Cost pool 3 is 

entirely indirect costs and is based on direct FTEs of total employees within the cost pool. 

 Cost Pool 4 - Ongoing Business Services: Cost pool 4 includes salaries, associated employee 

benefits, and related costs for business operations at the WO, R/S/A, national forest, and ranger 

district levels. Business operations include budget, finance, acquisition, human capital 

management, some grants and agreements, and information resource management. Calendar year 

national burden rate (collected from external and cooperative agreements) is credited to cost pool 

4 through the FFIS Purchase Cost Allocation System (PCAS). Cost pool 4 is entirely indirect 

costs and is based on direct FTEs of total employees within the cost pool. 

 Cost Pool 5 - Common Services: This cost pool includes rent, utilities, communications, 

equipment, supplies, radios, phones, and computer related expenses. Cost pool 5 consists of both 

indirect and direct pool costs. The distribution of costs in pool 5 is based on direct FTEs for 

permanent employees only; the division between direct and indirect costs is based on the ratio of 

direct to indirect employees. For example, if the common services for a unit with 100 employees, 

consisting of 80 direct and 20 indirect, is $500,000, then $400,000 of these costs would be direct 

and $100,000 would be indirect. 

 Cost Pool 6 - Office of Worker’s Compensation Program (OWCP): This cost pool includes 

Office of Worker’s Compensation Program costs charged on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, the 

charges will vary in both indirect and direct pool costs. Costs are distributed based on the work 

being performed at the time of the injury. OWCP for indirect employees is an indirect cost and 

allocated based on direct labor hours. 

 Cost Pool 7 - Unemployment Compensation Insurance (UCI): This cost pool includes 

Unemployment Compensation Insurance costs charged on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, the 

charges will vary in both indirect and direct pool costs. Costs are distributed based on the work 

performed while employed. UCI for indirect employees is an indirect cost and allocated based on 

direct labor hours (DLHs). 

 Cost Pool 9 - Facilities Maintenance Assessment Fund: This cost pool contains the Facilities 

Maintenance Assessment Fund. This is a direct cost pool used to allocate facilities maintenance 

work funded by assessing each R/S/A charge based on gross square foot of facilities. These 

charges are then allocated by BLI using the same basis as cost pool 5 in compliance with the FY 

2006 Appropriations Act and accompanying conference report language. 

Cost Allocations – General Overview 

The Forest Service allocates support, indirect, and direct pool costs among programs through the cost 

allocation process, which assesses each Forest Service budget line item a certain percentage of total cost 

pool costs. Cost pools are generally allocated using direct labor hours (DLH). DLH are converted to fullSpecial Exhibits 14-29 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

time equivalents (FTEs); 1 FTE = 2,096 DLHs (the DLH number varies depending on the year). For cost 

pools 1-4, DLHs are used for all employees charging to direct costs (all employees includes those holding 

permanent, temporary, intermittent, and other types of positions). This is because these costs generally 

reflect the entire organization. For cost pools 5 and 9, only permanent employee DLHs are used, because 

these costs (rent, communication, utilities, etc.) are driven primarily by the need to support the permanent 

workforce. Planning estimates for cost pool 6 are based on actual past cases for OWCP; and cost pool 7 

is based on actual past cases for UCI. Because of their nature, the FTEs associated with supplemental, 

transfer, and emergency funds are dropped from the cost pools and are not used in calculating indirect 

costs. 

The Forest Service uses cost allocation to charge expenses back to a single budget line item. Cost 

allocation is used for expenses that: 

 Are indirect (e.g., cost pool 4), 

 Simultaneously support multiple programs in a way that can not be efficiently charged directly to 

a budget line item (BLI) (e.g., cost pools 1 and 2), 

 Involve multiple transactions that need to be summarized for payment purposes (e.g., cost pools 6 

& 7), or 

 Are otherwise directed by congressional or administrative action (e.g., cost pool 9). 

Forest Service Indirect Cost Exhibits

As directed by Congress in the FY 1999 Appropriations Act (P.L. 105-277), the Forest Service is 

providing the following indirect cost exhibits on the following pages: 

Exhibit 1 – Comparison of FY 2008 Planned versus Actual Indirect Costs by Budget Line Item 

Exhibit 2 – Estimate of FY 2010 Indirect Costs by Budget Line Item 

Exhibit 3 - Comparison of Indirect Costs by Region of Actual FY 2008 and Estimated FY 2009 to FY 

2010 

Special Exhibits 14-30 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Exhibit 1. Comparison of FY 2008 Planned versus Actual Indirect Costs by Budget Line Item

(dollars in thousands)

 FY 2008 Estimate FY 2008 Actual

 Budget Line Item: Fund/Program 

FY 2008 

Enacted 

Budget

FY 2008 

Estimated 

Indirect Costs

Indirects 

as a 

Percent 

of BLI

Percent of 

Total FS 

Indirect 

Costs

FY 2008 

Actual 

Indirect Costs

Indirects 

as a 

Percent 

of BLI

Percent of 

Total FS 

Indirect 

Costs

Forest and Rangeland Research $225,554 $18,405 8.2% 4.0% $17,294 7.7% 4.0%

Subtotal, Research $225,554 $18,405 8.2% 4.0% $17,294 7.7% 4.0%

Federal Lands $54,110 $5,077 9.4% 1.1% $4,771 8.8% 1.1%

Cooperative Lands $44,542 $612 1.4% 0.1% $575 1.3% 0.1%

State Fire Assistance $32,605 $690 2.1% 0.1% $648 2.0% 0.1%

Forest Stewardship $29,532 $1,066 3.6% 0.2% $1,001 3.4% 0.2%

Forest Legacy $52,317 $311 0.6% 0.1% $292 0.6% 0.1%

Urban and Community Forestry $27,691 $743 2.7% 0.2% $698 2.5% 0.2%

Forest Resources Information and Analysis $4,516 $148 3.3% 0.0% $139 3.1% 0.0%

International Forestry $7,383 $255 3.5% 0.1% $240 3.3% 0.1%

Subtotal, State and Private Forestry $252,696 $8,902 3.5% 1.9% $8,364 3.3% 1.9%

Land Management Planning $48,833 $5,407 11.1% 1.2% $5,081 10.4% 1.2%

Inventory and Monitoring $166,580 $15,962 9.6% 3.5% $14,999 9.0% 3.5%

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness $262,635 $43,335 16.5% 9.4% $40,720 15.5% 9.4%

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management $132,385 $16,862 12.7% 3.7% $15,845 12.0% 3.7%

Grazing Management $48,163 $7,182 14.9% 1.6% $6,749 14.0% 1.6%

Forest Products $322,503 $51,331 15.9% 11.1% $48,233 15.0% 11.1%

Vegetation and Watershed Management $177,437 $26,825 15.1% 5.8% $25,206 14.2% 5.8%

Minerals and Geology Management $84,143 $10,317 12.3% 2.2% $9,694 11.5% 2.2%

Landownership Management $91,299 $11,995 13.1% 2.6% $11,271 12.3% 2.6%

Law Enforcement Operations $131,910 $11,572 8.8% 2.5% $10,874 8.2% 2.5%

Subtotal, National Forest System $1,465,888 $200,788 13.7% 43.6% $188,672 12.9% 43.6%

Preparedness $665,819 $23,680 3.6% 5.1% $22,252 3.3% 5.1%

Hazardous Fuels Management $390,086 $36,965 9.5% 8.0% $34,734 8.9% 8.0%

Fire Operations $1,177,620 $103,566 8.8% 22.5% $97,316 8.3% 22.5%

National Fire Plan - Forest and Rangeland Res. $23,519 $1,035 4.4% 0.2% $972 4.1% 0.2%

National Fire Plan - Rehab and Restoration $10,828 $285 2.6% 0.1% $268 2.5% 0.1%

National Fire Plan - Forest Health Fed Lands $14,030 $1,880 13.4% 0.4% $1,767 12.6% 0.4%

National Fire Plan - Forest Health Coop Lands $9,858 $258 2.6% 0.1% $243 2.5% 0.1%

National Fire Plan - State Fire Assistance $47,967 $48 0.1% 0.0% $45 0.1% 0.0%

Subtotal, Wildland Fire $2,339,727 $167,717 7.2% 36.4% $157,597 6.7% 36.4%

Facilities $121,755 $10,140 8.3% 2.2% $9,528 7.8% 2.2%

Roads $227,924 $22,785 10.0% 4.9% $21,410 9.4% 4.9%

Trails $76,365 $9,970 13.1% 2.2% $9,369 12.3% 2.2%

Deferred Maintenance $8,958 $400 4.5% 0.1% $376 4.2% 0.1%

Subtotal, Capital Improvement and Maintenance $435,002 $43,295 10.0% 9.4% $40,683 9.4% 9.4%

Land Acquisition $41,827 $1,029 2.5% 0.2% $967 2.3% 0.2%

Subtotal, Land Acquisition $41,827 $1,029 2.5% 0.2% $967 2.3% 0.2%

Alaska Subsistence $4,974 $406 8.2% 0.1% $379 7.6% 0.1%

Subtotal, Other Appropriations $4,974 $406 8.2% 0.1% $379 7.6% 0.1%

Brush Disposal $15,767 $1,693 10.7% 0.4% $1,591 10.1% 0.4%

Timber Salvage Sales $49,242 $6,848 13.9% 1.5% $6,435 13.1% 1.5%

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenburg Trust Fund $81,932 $8,469 10.3% 1.8% $7,958 9.7% 1.8%

Reforestration Trust Fund $30,000 $3,032 10.1% 0.7% $2,849 9.5% 0.7%

Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Fund $66,864 $416 0.6% 0.1% $390 0.6% 0.1%

Subtotal, Permanent and Trust Funds $243,805 $20,458 8.4% 4.4% $19,223 7.9% 4.4%

TOTAL - FOREST SERVICE * $5,009,473 $461,000 9.2% 100.0% $433,179 8.6% 100.0%

*Only includes appropriations that were used in the basis for assessing indirect costs. 

*Does not include Cost Pool 1 - Support Costs or Cost Pool 2 - Direct Project Approved Activities

*Does not include supplemental, emergency, transfer, or payments to states funds which are not assessed indirect costs.

Special Exhibits 14-31 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Exhibit 2. Estimate of FY 2010 Indirect Costs by Budget Line Item

Agency Total and Totals by Program

(dollars in thousands)

 Budget Line Item: Fund/Program 

FY 2010 

President's 

Budget

TOTAL 

Estimated 

Indirect Costs

Indirects as 

Percent of 

Budget Line 

Item (BLI)

Indirects as 

Percent of 

Total

Forest and Rangeland Research $300,612 $18,549 6.2% 4.0%

Subtotal, Research $300,612 $18,549 6.2% 4.0%

Federal Lands $55,282 $5,090 9.2% 1.1%

Cooperative Lands $45,823 $723 1.6% 0.2%

State Fire Assistance $35,147 $790 2.2% 0.2%

Forest Stewardship $28,369 $1,066 3.8% 0.2%

Forest Legacy $91,060 $297 0.3% 0.1%

Forest Resource Information and Analysis $5,035 $104 2.1% 0.0%

Urban and Community Forestry $29,327 $677 2.3% 0.1%

International Forestry $9,068 $269 3.0% 0.1%

Subtotal, State and Private Forestry $299,111 $9,016 3.0% 2.0%

Land Management Planning $45,518 $5,785 12.7% 1.3%

Inventory and Monitoring $168,695 $16,360 9.7% 3.5%

Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness $280,117 $39,438 14.1% 8.6%

Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management $141,471 $16,676 11.8% 3.6%

Grazing Management $49,949 $7,480 15.0% 1.6%

Forest Products $328,959 $51,192 15.6% 11.1%

Vegetation and Watershed Management $182,286 $22,884 12.6% 5.0%

Minerals and Geology Management $86,650 $9,680 11.2% 2.1%

Landownership Management $94,372 $11,542 12.2% 2.5%

Law Enforcement $135,047 $12,770 9.5% 2.8%

 

Subtotal, National Forest System $1,513,064 $193,807 12.8% 42.0%

Preparedness $675,000 $24,516 3.6% 5.3%

Suppression $1,128,505 $107,220 9.5% 23.3%

Hazardous Fuels Management $315,285 $37,308 11.8% 8.1%

National Fire Plan (NFP) - Rehabilitation and Restoration $9,000 $194 2.2% 0.0%

National Fire Plan (NFP) - Forest and Rangeland Research $23,917 $1,157 4.8% 0.3%

National Fire Plan (NFP) - State Fire Assistance $50,000 $31 0.1% 0.0%

National Fire Plan (NFP) - Forest Health Federal Lands $14,440 $1,155 8.0% 0.3%

National Fire Plan (NFP) - Forest Health Cooperative Lands $7,000 $229 3.3% 0.0%

Subtotal, Wildland Fire $2,223,147 $171,810 7.7% 37.3%

Facilities $130,740 $9,729 7.4% 2.1%

Roads $235,000 $23,498 10.0% 5.1%

Trails $82,081 $10,545 12.8% 2.3%

Deferred Maintenance/ Infrastructure Improvement $9,141 $338 0.0% 0.1%

Subtotal, Capital Improvement and Maintenance $456,962 $44,110 9.7% 9.6%

Land Acquisition $29,984 $1,259 4.2% 0.3%

Subtotal, Land Acquisition $29,984 $1,259 4.2% 0.3%

Management of NF Lands for Subsistence Uses $2,582 $369 0.0% 0.1%

Subtotal, Other Appropriations $2,582 $369 0.0% 0.1%

Brush Disposal $11,000 $1,731 15.7% 0.4%

Timber Salvage Sales $41,000 $8,005 19.5% 1.7%

Recreation Fee Enhancement $61,400 $432 0.7% 0.1%

Cooperative Work, Knutson-Vandenburg Trust Fund $84,199 $8,798 10.4% 1.9%

Reforestration Trust Fund $30,000 $3,114 10.4% 0.7%

Subtotal, Permanent and Trust Funds $227,599 $22,080 9.7% 4.8%

TOTAL* $5,053,061 $461,000 9.1% 100.0%

*Only includes appropriations that were assessed indirect costs. 

*Does not include Cost Pool 1 - Support Costs or Cost Pool 2 - Direct Project Approved Activities

*Does not include supplemental, emergency, transfer, or payments to states funds which are not assessed indirect costs.

Special Exhibits 14-32 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Exhibit 3 - Comparison of Indirect Costs* by Region

 Actual FY 2008 and Estimted FY 2009 and FY 2010

 (dollars in thousands)

Actual Estimated

R/S/A

FY 2008 

Indirect 

Costs

FY 2009 

Indirect 

Planned

% Change 

from 

Previous 

Year

FY 2010 

Indirect 

Planned

% 

Change 

from 

Previous 

Year

1 $16,025 $16,633 3.8% $16,633 0.0%

2 $15,183 $15,732 3.6% $15,732 0.0%

3 $17,091 $17,063 -0.2% $17,063 0.0%

4 $14,426 $16,347 13.3% $16,347 0.0%

5 $27,322 $29,227 7.0% $29,227 0.0%

6 $33,157 $36,212 9.2% $36,212 0.0%

8 $17,490 $18,290 4.6% $18,290 0.0%

9 $13,764 $14,691 6.7% $14,691 0.0%

10 $7,484 $7,846 4.8% $7,846 0.0%

12 $622 $650 4.5% $650 0.0%

13 $36,359 $38,733 6.5% $38,733 0.0%

15 $11,665 $10,438 -10.5% $10,438 0.0%

Stations $0 $0 0.0% $0 0.0%

Other Units $222,591 $239,138 7.4% $239,138 0.0%

TOTAL $433,179 $461,000 6.4% $461,000 0.0%

 

*Does not include supplemental, emergency, transfer, or payments to states

 funds which are not assessed for indirect costs.

*Does not include Cost Pool 1 - Support Costs or Cost Pool 2 - Direct

 Project Approved Activities.

*Research stations have been dropped from cost pools 1-5. Administrative,

 overhead and program support costs for stations will be directly

 charged to the appropriate Research BLI's and tracked separately.

Special Exhibits 14-33 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) Financial Status 

The Forest Service has used its authority provided in the annual Interior and Related Agencies 

Appropriations Acts to transfer, from any appropriations or funds available to the Forest Service, 

necessary amounts to support emergency fire suppression requirements. The Forest Service has 

historically transferred funds available to the agency through the Knutson-Vandenberg (K-V) Fund (a 

fund authorized in P.L. 71-319.) The Fund provides money from timber purchasers to reforest and 

perform other natural resource improvements on their timber sale areas. As provided by section 412 of 

P.L. 109-54 K-V receipts are also used for forest restoration work in the region in which the receipts were 

collected. The K-V Act provides that any deposit found to be in excess of the cost of doing the work 

shall be returned to the Treasury, provided there are no outstanding unreimbursed fire suppression 

transfers. At this time there are no excess receipts identified within the K-V fund, therefore the 

repayment of the outstanding transfers is needed for resource work. If the $33 million is not fully repaid, 

critical resource improvement work, such as, treating noxious weeds, reforestation, reducing hazardous 

fuels, and improving habitat for threatened and endangered species, will be deferred or will have to be 

funded with appropriated funds. 

The following table displays the repayment status of the K-V Fund: 

Repayments to the Knutson-Vandenberg Fund 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2009* 

Amount Owed to K-V Fund from Prior Year $0 $159,000 $159,000 $163,000 

Transfers from K-V Fund $159,000 $0 $30,000 $0 

K-V Fund Repayment $0 $0 $26,000 $130,000 

Balance Outstanding $159,000 $159,000 $163,000 $33,000 

*FY 2009 – As of date of publication. 

Special Exhibits 14-34 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

National Scenic and Historic Trails 

FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 

($ in thousands) 

 Trails Land 

Acq. 

Partner 

* 

Total Trails Land

Acq. 

Total Trails Land

Acq. 

Total 

Appalachian 193 3,100 1,985 5,278 193 0 193 193 1,000 1,193 

Continental Divide 2,000 0 793 2,793 2,000 0 2,000 2,000 0 2,000 

Florida 1,500 700 1,748 3,948 1,500 0 1,500 1,500 0 1,500 

Pacific Crest 2,000 1,600 1,327 4,927 2,000 805 2,805 2,000 0 2,000 

Nez Perce 640 0 75 715 640 0 640 640 0 640 

All-others** 822 0 418 1,240 822 0 822 822 0 822 

 

TOTAL $7,155 $5,400 $6,346 $18,901 $7,155 $805 $7,960 $7,155 $1,000 $8,155 

* Estimated cash and in-kind contributions. Estimated contributions for FY 2009 and FY 2010 are not known at this time. 

** All others includes the following national scenic and historic trails: California, Camino Real Tejas, Camino Tierra Adentro,

De Anza, Ice Age, Iditarod, Lewis and Clark, Mormon Pioneer, North Country, Old Spanish, Oregon, Overmountain Victory, 

Pony Express, Santa Fe, and Trail of Tears.

Overview

In FY 2003, House Report 107-564 directed the National Forest System (NFS) appropriation to include a 

report in the FY 2004 budget justification displaying projects, activities, and programs accomplished 

along the national scenic and historic trails, along with the work proposed to be done and funding needed 

to support work along these trails for three subsequent years. FY 2004 House Report 108-330 continued 

the direction to display funding and accomplishments for these trails in all future budget justifications. 

Since enactment of the National Trails System Act in 1968, the Forest Service has designated trail 

coordinators for five National Scenic and Historic Trails (NS&HT): Appalachian, Continental Divide, 

Florida, Pacific Crest, and Nez Perce (Nee Mee Poo). In addition, the Forest Service manages portions of 

15 additional NS&HTs on NFS lands. Funding for administration and management of these trails is 

included within the Capital Improvement and Maintenance - Trails budget line item. Acquisition of trail 

segments is included within the Land Acquisition budget line item. 

Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT) - This 2,176-mile footpath crosses along the ridgecrests and 

across the major valleys of the Appalachian Mountains from Katahdin in Maine to Springer Mountain in 

northern Georgia. The trail traverses Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New 

York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and 

Georgia. The trail is used by day, weekend, and other short-term hikers, section-hikers, and thru-hikers 

who hike the entire length of the trail in one season. The trail is currently protected along more than 99 

percent of its course by Federal or State ownership or rights-of-way. 

Continental Divide National Scenic Trail (CDT) - Designated on November 10, 1978, the CDT is a 

nationally significant resource providing long distance trail opportunities primarily for hiking and 

horseback riding recreationists. The trail’s corridor links Federal, State, and private lands from Mexico to 

Canada, passing through 25 national forests, 3 national parks, 1 national monument, and 8 Bureau of 

Special Exhibits 14-35 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Land Management (BLM) field office areas. When completed, the trail will be approximately 3,100 

miles in length. 

Florida National Scenic Trail (FNST) - Added to the national trails system in 1983, the FNST consists 

of 1,400 planned miles stretching from Big Cypress National Preserve to Gulf Islands National Seashore 

plus 254 miles of an officially designated side trail. The FNST is the only national scenic trail that gives 

the public the opportunity to experience a wide range of subtropical environs, karst spring and riverine 

systems, and a beach walk on a national seashore. 

Pacific Crest National Scenic Trail (PCT) - The PCT is a 2,650-mile congressionally designated trail 

that follows the crest of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountain ranges from the Mexican to Canadian 

borders through California, Oregon, and Washington. Established in 1968, the trail was completed in 

1993 and lies upon publicly owned lands except for approximately 300 miles where it crosses private 

lands (easements have been acquired for the trail tread). Over the past decade the PCT has become a 

favorite of thru-hikers and thru-riders and each year an average of 300 hikers attempt to cover the full 

length of the trail. 

 

Nez Perce National Historic Trail (NPNHT) - In 1986 Congress acknowledged the significance of the 

Nez Perce Conflict of 1877 by establishing the 1,170 mile NPNHT. The route winds through remote, 

rugged, and scenic terrain and, while 865 miles of the trail is an automobile tour route, many miles are 

accessible only by foot with little changed in more than a century. 

Other National Scenic and Historic Trails (NSHT) - There are an additional 15 national scenic and 

historic trails totaling over 6,700 miles that the Forest Service coordinates management with other Federal 

public land agencies. These trails are: California, Camino Real Tejas, Camino Tierra Adentro, De Anza, 

Ice Age, Iditarod, Lewis and Clark, Mormon Pioneer, North Country, Old Spanish, Oregon, 

Overmountain Victory, Pony Express, Santa Fe, and Trail of Tears. 

Planned Program of Work

For FY 2009 and 2010, priority will be placed on continuing to foster and expand partnerships, especially 

with those that involve volunteers and youth organizations. Maintenance and operation of most trails, 

trailheads, and campgrounds will be accomplished through these efforts. Interpretative and educational 

programs and products will continue to be delivered. 

Specific activities planned in FY 2009 are as follows: 

Appalachian – Partners: Appalachian Trail Conservancy, Appalachian Mountain Club, National Park 

Service, and other Federal, State, and non-governmental organizations. 

 Green Mountain National Forest: Finalize trail rehabilitation near Griffith Lake, Styles and Peru 

Peak; finalize Griffith Lake bridge rehabilitation and reconstruction of Peru Peak shelter; begin 

facility work at Little Rock Pond; continue work on Snow Valley development and Bromley land 

exchange; and begin implementation of Big Branch Bridge replacement. 

 George Washington and Jefferson National Forests: Relocate trails at Bluff City, Main Top 

Mountain, and New River; rehabilitate trails at Bullion Mountain, Hanging Rock, and Deep 

gap/Thomas Knob; and replace major bridges at Stony Creek and Brown Mountain Creek. 

 Cherokee National Forest: Continue trail relocation and improvements on Roan Mountain. 

 National Forests in North Carolina: Rehabilitate 0.7 miles of trail section at Courthouse Bald and 

relocate/construct trails in three project areas: High Rocks, Hogback Gap, and Roan Highlands. 

Special Exhibits 14-36 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 Chattahoochee National Forest: Relocate 1.25 miles of trail at Justus Creek and plan for future 

use of Blood Mountain shelter. 

 White Mountain National Forest: Complete land exchange process in Sentinel Mountain State 

Forest; relocate trail near Trident Col campsite, and begin work for Eliza Brook Shelter 

replacement. 

Continental Divide – Partners: Continental Divide Trail Association, Colorado Trail Foundation, 

National Park Service, and other Federal, State, and non-governmental organizations 

 Complete a directive to clarify the nature and purpose of the CDT. 

 Plan for locating 235 miles (scouting and/or NEPA); construct 36 miles, reconstruct 12 miles, and 

build 2 trailheads. 

 Develop rights-of-way strategies in collaboration with the States of Colorado, New Mexico, 

Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana. 

Florida – Partners: Florida Trail Association, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and other Federal, State, 

and non-governmental organizations. 

 Maintain 1,177 miles of trail to standard. 

 Construct Two-Penny Bridge, the second and final timber-frame suspension bridge over Econfina 

Creek. 

 Remove 320 acres of off-site sandpine and restore native longleaf wiregrass ecosystem within the 

Florida Trail property known as the Joe Tract. 

Pacific Crest – Partners: Pacific Crest Trail Association, California Conservation Corps, Northwest 

Youth Corps, Student Conservation Association, Backcountry Horsemen of California, and other Federal, 

State, and non-governmental organizations. 

 Continue support and expansion of traditional skills training for volunteers and agency staff in 

California, Washington, and Oregon including crosscut saws and horse packing. 

 Develop a technical guide for management planning of the trail in coordination with other Federal 

agencies to ensure integrated planning efforts. 

 Continue support of youth programs, emphasizing the connection of youth with nature and 

building citizen stewards. 

Nez Perce (Nee-Me-Poo) – Partners: Nez Perce Trail Foundation, National Park Service, Backcountry 

Horsemen of America, tribal governments and other Federal, State, and non-governmental organizations. 

 Design and install three new interpretive panels at Tolo Lake near Grangeville, Idaho in 

partnership with the Idaho Fish and Game. 

 Complete three traveling displays that cover Fort Vancouver, Washington, Fort Walsh, Canada, 

and the Nez Perce in Exile. 

 Develop a sixth Auto Tour brochure to guide visitors along the trail route from Yellowstone to 

Canyon Creek, Montana. 

Other – Partners: Numerous foundations, trail associations, tribal governments, and other Federal, State, 

and non-governmental organizations. 

Special Exhibits 14-37 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 Ice Age Trail – Propose major re-route of the trail to eliminate the need for a bridge at the major 

crossing of the South Fork of the Yellow River due to terrain difficulty. 

 Lewis and Clark Trail – Maintain and operate the trail, trailheads, interpretive sites, and three 

campgrounds (Lolo National Forest); monitor two historic sites along the trail (Lolo National 

Forest); and provide weed treatment along the Lewis and Clark Trail and at access points. 

 North Country Trail – Mitigate off-highway vehicle impacts (Chippewa National Forest); relocate 500 feet of trail in the Rainbow Lakes Wilderness Area (Chequamegon-Nicolet National 

Forest); continue Cole Creek bridge construction and plan and implement new connector trail to 

Grand Traverse Chapter (Huron-Manistee National Forest); re-route trail at Henry’s Mills 

(Allegheny National Forest); construct trailhead, kiosk, and stairway and reconstruct trail 

segments at Naomikong Overlook (Hiawatha National Forest); extend the trail east from Crown 

Point, New York to connect with the Long Trail, Vermont in partnership with the National Park 

Service (Finger Lakes National Forest); develop proposed route to segregate mountain bike use at 

the Marietta Unit (Wayne National Forest); and improve portion along Black River Harbor, 

including the suspension bridge, boardwalks, and rails (Ottawa National Forest).

 Trail of Tears – Continue interpretive programs, focusing on the American Experience series “We 

Shall Remain” (Shawnee National Forest); and design and install Poplar Bluff interpretive sign 

and develop website information about the trail’s portion that crosses the forest (Mark Twain 

National Forest).

FY 2008 Program Accomplishments

 Volunteers 

Hours 

 In-kind 

Contributions

($ in 

thousands) 

Cash 

Contributions 

($ in 

thousands) 

Miles of Trail 

Maintained 

Miles of Trail 

Improved 

Major Structures 

Constructed 1/

Appalachian 91,499 $1,785 $200 1,015 4 6 

Continental 

Divide 

17,600 $343 $450 500 72 4 

Florida 68,341 $1,333 $415 1,177 41 3 

Pacific Crest 67,994 $1,327 $0 1,098 2 11 

Nez Perce 24 $0 $75 76 4 2 

Other 24,081 $418 $0 595 4 4 

 Total 269,539 $5,206 $1,140 4,461 127 30 1/ Major structures include bridges, kiosks, boardwalks, campgrounds, etc. 

Special Exhibits 14-38 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Office of General Counsel Reimbursement 

A Forest Service Administrative Provision in the FY 2007 Appropriations for the Department of Interior, 

Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act (P.L.109-54) and under the current continuing 

resolution provides: 

“Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any appropriations or funds available to the Forest 

Service not to exceed $500,000 may be used to reimburse the Office of the General Counsel 

(OGC), Department of Agriculture, for travel and related expenses incurred as a result of OGC 

assistance or participation requested by the Forest Service at meetings, training sessions, 

management reviews, land purchase negotiations and similar non-litigation related matters. 

Future budget justifications for both the Forest Service and the Department of Agriculture should 

clearly display the sums previously transferred and the requested funding transfers.” 

The USDA Office of General Counsel bills the Forest Service quarterly for non litigation travel and 

related costs. 

FY 2008 Actual 

Reimbursement 

FY 2009 Estimated 

Reimbursement 

FY 2010 Estimated 

Reimbursement 

 $83,797 $110,000 $110,000 

Special Exhibits 14-39 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Office of Tribal Relations 

The Office of Tribal Relations (OTR) provides policy and direction in implementing agency programs 

and activities in a manner that honors Indian treaty rights, fulfills the legally mandated trust responsibility 

of the FS, and maintains a government-to-government relationship with federally recognized tribal 

governments. The OTR supports the mission of all programs and disciplines through both general and 

issue-specific efforts. 

The OTR has responsibilities that span all of the Deputy areas within the Forest Service (FS). The FS 

manages National Forest System lands and resources for the benefit of the general public, while 

respecting the special trust relationship of the United States towards the 561 federally recognized Indian 

tribes. State and Private Forestry programs provide assistance to private forest landowners, including 

tribal governments. Research programs include a variety of projects that relate to tribes. The Forest 

Service Business Operations include authorities and responsibilities to work with tribes. Many National 

Forest System lands are adjacent to American Indian or Alaska Native tribes or tribal lands. In some 

cases, tribal governments retained rights on what are present-day national forests or grasslands when the 

Tribes relinquished lands to the United States Government. 

Allocation and Integration

OTR is funded by a direct cost pool, using all of the funds available to the FS. Specific projects are 

funded by the primary purpose of the projects. 

Partnerships

The OTR works within the goals and alignments established in the Tribal Relations Program Strategic 

Plan to: 

 Ensure the agency redeems its trust responsibility and protects American Indian and Alaska 

Native reserved rights on National Forest System managed lands. 

 Leverage partnerships to maximize mutual success. 

 Promote integration and utility of the Tribal Relations Program throughout the agency. 

 Support specific strategic goals and objectives of the Forest Service. 

To accomplish this, OTR works closely and collaboratively to leverage partnerships with internal units, 

tribal governments, intertribal organizations, and other Federal and State agencies. OTR supports and 

integrates Tribal Relations components of policy analysis and development, technical and administrative 

assistance, training, and oversight. The program also advises national and regional FS leadership in 

matters pertaining to interactions with tribes and tribal representatives. OTR helps develop regulations for 

and tracks implementation of the Tribal Relations components of specific legislation, including the Farm 

Bill and the Tribal Forest Protection Act. Tribal Relations communication products, as well as the Tribal 

Relations program training, have been refined,. This has led to expanded involvement with intertribal 

organizations and more appropriate implementation of agency policies. 

Special Exhibits 14-40 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Organizational Efficiency – WO/RO/Area Transformation 

The Forest Service (FS) has continued its restructuring efforts begun in 2007. The effort, commonly 

called the WO/RO/Area Transformation, focuses on the agency’s top two administrative levels: the 

National Office (Washington Office or WO), the nine Regional Offices (ROs), as well as the Northeastern 

Area State and Private Forestry Office (Area). 

The goal of the WO/RO/Area Transformation is to help the agency focus on the best level of efficiency 

and integration, while reducing operating costs through more standardization of processes, elimination of 

duplicate efforts, smaller organizations, reduced travel, and better use of technology. 

FY 2010 Program Plan

In September, 2007, the FS Executive Leadership Team (ELT) provided direction for the next level of 

work (known as Tier 3) in the development of the future WO/RO/Area organization. Current efforts are 

focusing on the following: 

 Creation of an organization that is flexible, responsive to citizens/stakeholder needs, and able to 

efficiently address emerging issues, while using most of its resources for work on the ground or 

mission delivery. 

 Improved efficiency within program areas, with emphasis on standardization and simplification 

within program functions that directly contribute to accomplishment at the ground level or other 

points of service delivery. 

 Use of a "mirrored organization" concept to the extent possible in order to assure consistency 

across the WO/RO organizations. 

 Improved processes, a smaller organization, and better integration to improve performance and 

efficiency across all programs and organizational levels. 

 Better use of technology. 

FY 2009 Program Plan

In the fall of 2006, the FS embarked on an ambitious mission to meet the goal of reducing 25% of the 

WO, RO and NE Area’s operating costs or $125 Million from its 2006 baseline by the end of fiscal year 

2009. As of 12/31/2008, the FS is estimated to have achieved reductions of more than $107 million and 

488 FTEs from the WO, RO and NE Area organizations. 

Goal 

End of FY 2009 

Cost Reduction 

As of FY 2007 and FY 2008 

FTE Reduction 

As of FY 2007 and FY 2008 

$125 Million $107 Million 488 

The FS looks to gain operational efficiencies by continuing to implement transformation project 

initiatives under program area Directors beginning in January 2009 by focusing on the following 

foundation laid under the original project: 

 Identifying, prioritizing, and implementing process improvements. 

 Identifying and reducing overlapping resources and responsibilities among director areas. 

 Coordinating programs of work, integrating new initiatives, and sharing knowledge across 

program areas. 

 Effectively managing and rewarding change efforts throughout the Agency. 

Special Exhibits 14-41 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 Establishing appropriate governance structures/processes to support cross-boundary initiatives. 

 Establishing senior leadership and director-level accountability (with performance metrics) for 

ongoing and future change initiatives. 

FY 2008 Accomplishments

The following project accomplishments occurred under transformation in FY 2008: 

 Identified organizational improvement opportunities for the FS. 

 Provided training, organizational change knowledge and expertise, leading practices, facilitation, 

and other services to support the analysis and design of identified Transformation opportunities. 

 Maximized the use of Web 2.0 collaboration technologies to aid idea generation, knowledge 

sharing, and discussion across the FS. 

 Provided guidance to the organization based on industry standards and department specifications 

to enable implementation of Transformation initiatives currently underway. 

 Helped prepare the FS for ongoing change in the future through training and many organizational 

development, analysis, and design initiatives. 

Special Exhibits 14-42 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Partnerships

For over a century, the Forest Service has maintained a commitment to working with a variety of 

organizations and interests in its obligation for caring for the land and serving people. As the complexity, 

constraints and opportunities surrounding the management of public lands have increased, partnerships 

have developed as an essential mechanism toward achieving the social, economic and ecological goals 

associated with these lands. Through these working relationships: 

 We build stronger communities and healthier ecosystems—sharing resources and expertise to 

achieve sustainable solutions to current and future resource challenges. 

 We empower employees and partners—improving the art of associating with others, capitalize 

and share information and skills, foster continued learning and deeper connections between 

people and the land. 

 We create a more effective and efficient organization—expanding achievements through 

working together and securing or leveraging new and existing sources of support. 

It is through collaboration and partnership that we readily can achieve mutual resource goals—goals that 

may well be beyond the reach of an individual or a single organization. 

Challenge Cost Share Agreements (see examples and exhibit) are one formal mechanism by which the 

agency can readily illustrate the power behind shared energies and contribution invested in the public’s 

interest. 

Examples of Forest Service Partnerships

The following examples include various challenge cost-share relationships between the Forest Service 

and partners, implemented in FY 2008. 

State and Private Forestry 

Caribou-Targhee National Forest—With the Three Rivers RC&D Council, the Forest is working to 

support and expand a biomass and bioenergy assessment for Southeastern Idaho. Specifically, the project 

looks at (a) the quantity and quality of biological feed-stocks supplies, (b) the geographic distribution, 

transportation needs and site issues associated with biomass and bioenergy, (c) a variety of end-products, 

such as productive capture of process steam or heat, electricity generation, or biodiesel, and (d) a 

comparison of current best technologies and emerging technologies for short and long-term pursuit. 

Project Learning Tree (Region 1)—With Montana State University-- Extension Forestry, the Northern 

Region (Region 1) is coordinating development and delivery of high quality natural resource education 

programs about forests and related resources to educators and students. Project Learning Tree (PLT) 

provides educators the tools, training and resources they need to bring the environment into their 

classrooms and their students into the environment.

National Forest System 

Ozark-St. Francis National Forest—The Forest is working with Arkansas State University to collect 

Swainson’s warbler distribution data. The Swainson’s warbler is a neo-tropical migratory bird recognized 

as a species of priority conservation concern. Resultant surveys will allow the Forest to adapt its current 

prescribed burn program and habitat management activities, while simultaneously contributing to the 

scientific understanding of this rare species. 

Special Exhibits 14-43 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Wallowa-Whitman National Forest—Working with Wallowa Resources, the Forest is completing the 

Joseph Creek Assessment and Restoration Project. The project involves improvements in riparian and 

stream conditions while the utilization of local contractors benefits the economy. 

Mt. Hood National Forest—The Forest is currently cooperating with ECOTRUST to develop and 

implement a broad suite of watershed and stream restoration activities in priority river basins and 

watersheds within and adjacent to the Mt. Hood National Forest. The partners are also monitoring 

activities to assess the health and status of various fish populations in the affected area and restoration 

project effectiveness. 

Tahoe National Forest—The Forest Service and The Nature Conservancy are participants in the 

international cooperative neo-tropical migratory bird conservation program, “Partners in Flight/Aves de 

las Americanas.” The goal of this program is to promote better understanding and management of neotropical migratory birds. As part of their current agreement on the Tahoe NF, the Nature Conservancy is 

working alongside FS personnel to monitor populations, educate the public and agency personnel, and 

develop adaptive management regimes to improve habitat for these species on the Forest. 

Shasta-Trinity National Forest—In partnership with Backcountry Horsemen--Shasta-Trinity Unit, the 

Forest is continuing to repair/maintain trails and campsites in 1000 Lakes Wilderness and along portions 

of the Pacific Crest Trails. Specific activities include reconnaissance of trail conditions, removing 

downed logs from trails, brushing, and tread reconstruction for erosion control along 50-miles of trail. 

Prescott National Forest—Working cooperatively with EcoResults, the Forest is removing tamarisk, an 

invasive exotic tree, from 12 linear miles of the Upper Verde River for the purpose of enhancing native 

plant communities, protecting critical habitat for wildlife and threatened/endangered native fish, 

stabilizing channel conditions and sustaining and enhancing economic and recreational benefits of the 

Verde River. 

White River National Forest—The Forest and Roaring Fork Outdoor Volunteers are working 

cooperative to develop and implement long-term healthy conditions for the recreational facilities and 

natural resources on the Forest. Improvements include construction, maintenance, and reconstruction of 

various recreation trails and facilities across the White River NF. 

Nez Perce National Historic Trail (NPNHT)--The administration of the NPNHT has been delegated to 

the USDA Forest Service, which includes the oversight for interpretation of events related to the 1877 

flight of the Nez Perce Indians (Nimi'ipuu) along a 1,170 mile route through Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming 

and Montana, as well as other certified sites in Washington and Kansas. Working cooperatively with the 

Forest Service, the Nez Perce Tribe is (a) designing and aiding in the installation of new interpretive signs 

along the Trail, (b) working with the NPNHT and private landowner to secure an agreement to perform 

maintenance on the existing trail section in Oregon, (c) determining the feasibility, exact locations, and 

accomplish all necessary logistical considerations to construct new trail segment(s), (d) incorporating 

cultural and watershed education into the trail maintenance and construction and (e) inventorying and 

treating noxious weeds along the existing trail section 

National Wild and Scenic Rivers—Working cooperatively with the Forest Service, American Rivers is 

helping to raise public awareness about the importance of the National System of Wild and Scenic Rivers 

in river conservation and the benefit of partnerships in protecting the inherent values of this System. 

Through the existing agreement, both parties are also creating new opportunities to increase river 

protection through the establishment of volunteer river and watershed stewardship groups.

Special Exhibits 14-44 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Research and Development 

Bronx Youth Urban Forestry Empowerment Program—The Northern Research Station-NYC Urban 

Field Station is working with the Bronx Youth Urban Forestry Empowerment Program to determine 

increases in environmental awareness, personal attitudes, and stewardship behavior among a largely 

minority-based population of teens in Bronx, NY. The program offered a two month, in-depth and field 

based urban forestry work experience for 20 low income urban youth in the Bronx. The joint-study 

provided insights on retention, introduction to ‘green jobs’ and overall improvements in environmental 

literacy and interest. 

Grizzly Bear DNA Studies—Working cooperatively with the Flathead National Forest, the University of 

Montana is monitoring grizzly bear population status on and off National Forest System lands within and 

adjacent to the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem. The project involves an extensive survey of 

trails, roads and other wildlife travel routes for bear rubs, with the intent of collecting hair samples for 

genetic analysis. Results will be examined to estimate patch occupancy, landscape genetic 

characterization, and estimates of regional abundance patterns.

National Forest Foundation 

The National Forest Foundation (NFF), as the Agency’s congressionally-chartered non-profit partner, 

engages the public in community-based and national programs that promote the health and public 

enjoyment of the National Forest System. In FY 2008, the National Forest Foundation supported 126 

projects benefiting National Forest System lands, representing a total investment of $3,401,652.97. 

Matching Awards Program (MAP) -- MAP provides 1:1 matching grants to organizations 

implementing action-oriented, on-the-ground stewardship and citizen-based science projects that benefit 

the National Forest System. By matching NFF federal funds to non-federal dollars raised by award 

recipients, MAP effectively doubles the resources available to nonprofit partners for implementing these 

projects. Examples of projects funded through MAP include: 

Youth Forest Monitoring Project—Cooperative efforts between the Helena and BeaverheadDeerlodge NF and the Montana Discovery Foundation have resulted in the development of an 

intensive 7-week summer internship for high school students, supplementing forest health 

monitoring, including specific studies in areas of the 2007 wildfires, mine reclamation and 

weeds. 

Sulphur Ranger District Trail Improvements—Working cooperatively with the International 

Mountain Bicycling Association, the Arapaho-Roosevelt NF is improving the sustainability 

of trails in a sensitive alpine valley to better protect sensitive plant resources and provide 

enhanced recreation experience in the front/backcountry interface lands. 

Abandoned Mines in Coronado National Forest—The Forest is working in partnership with 

Bat Conservation International to assess more than 50 abandoned/inactive mines in Coronado 

National Forest and undertake/ recommend protective measure to reduce threats at mines that 

offer important bat habitat. 

Buffalo River Out-migration Fish Trap—Working cooperatively with the Henry's Fork 

Foundation, the Caribou-Targhee NF is installing an out-migrant fish trap for the trapping, 

identification and enumeration of fish form the Buffalo River to determine its contribution to 

the world-renowned Henry's Fork fishery. 

Special Exhibits 14-45 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Special Exhibits 14-46 

The CREW Community Forest Partnership—The CREW and Lose Padres NF are working 

collaboratively to train at-risk-youth to accomplish a combination of trail maintenance, 

watershed restoration, habitat improvement, and fire prevention projects in cooperation with 

Los Padres National Forest. 

South Fork Snoqualmie River Road Decommissioning—Working with the Mountains to 

Sound Greenway Trust, the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie NF is removing more than 50 miles of 

abandoned forest roads to improve environmental conditions, decrease the Forest’s extensive 

road network and increase recreational access through road-to-trail conversions. 

Non-native Invasive Plant Control—Working cooperatively with the Superior Watershed 

Partnership, the Hiawatha NF is using a community-based approach to controlling nonnative 

invasive plants in Wilderness Areas of the Hiawatha National Forest including mapping and 

removal of priority non-native invasive plants along existing trails and roads. 
FY2010 Budget Justification 

National Grants and Agreements (G&A) Summary by Instrument Type 

US Forest Service, Fiscal Year 2008 

Instrument Type G&A COUNT FS Contributions Non-FS Contributions 

Challenge Cost Share Agreement 824 $28,619,569.20 $32,244,826.50 

Collection Agreement 1,390 $12,305,902.20 $57,652,536.60 

Cooperative Agreement 288 $30,786,472.20 $14,825,582.40 

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement 17 $317,921.80 $648,891.00 

Cost Reimbursable Agreement 146 $20,053,454.40 $411,106.40 

Domestic Grant 830 $298,799,695.70 $202,730,453.70 

Fire Agreement 268 $8,052,011.30 $3,396,130.60 

Interagency and Intra-agency Agreement 1,670 $98,600,933.00 $90,472,346.80 

International Cooperative Agreement 9 $297,235.20 $88,783.00 

International Grant 10 $1,252,155.00 $10,400.00 

Joint Venture Agreement 426 $27,214,869.60 $9,020,391.10 

Law Enforcement Agreement 486 $6,265,867.10 $456,286.00 

Letter of Intent 1 $0.00 $0.00 

Memorandum of Understanding 383 $0.00 $0.00 

Participating Agreement 704 $24,692,033.10 $18,984,100.60 

Region/Station/Area Master Memorandum of Understanding 1 $0.00 $0.00 

Roads Agreement 132 $6,020,620.00 $2,583,643.50 

Service-wide Master Memorandum of Understanding 14 $0.00 $0.00 

TOTAL 7,599 $563,278,739.80 $433,525,478.20 

Special Exhibits 14-47
FY2010 Budget Justification 

Special Exhibits 14-48

Challenge Cost-share Agreements 

Estimated Funding by Budget Line Item 

($$ in thousands) 

Budget Line Item

Forest Service 

Contribution

Partner 

Contribution Total Value

Forest Service 

Contribution

Partner 

Contribution Total Value

Forest Service 

Contribution

C

Forest and Rangeland Research $406 $218 $624 $1,748 $462 $2,210 $862 

State and Private Forestry $779 $436 $1,215 $2,584 $1,641 $4,225 $3,010 Land Management Planning $303 $26 $329 $450 $4 $454 $1,200 

Inventory and Monitoring $2,058 $1,091 $3,149 $1,552 $459 $2,011 $3,614 

Recreation, Wilderness, and Heritage Mgt. $1,425 $2,538 $3,963 $3,091 $12,694 $15,785 $2,671 Wildlife and Fish Habitat Mgt. $2,280 $2,748 $5,028 $2,763 $5,427 $8,190 $3,789 

Grazing Management $185 $356 $541 $178 $914 $1,092 $419 

Forest Products $218 $118 $336 $282 $15 $297 $415 

Vegetation and Watershed Mgt. $1,544 $1,564 $3,108 $3,454 $3,717 $7,171 $2,586 

Minerals and Geology Mgt. $1,184 $117 $1,301 $262 $109 $371 $341 

Landownership Management $161 $82 $243 $75 $9 $84 $26 

Job Corps $0 $401 $0 $401 $1,339 

Centennial of Service Challenge $523 $622 $1,145 $0 $0 $0 $0 

Wildland Fire Management $2,427 $2,031 $4,458 $1,081 $556 $1,637 $1,449 Facilities $121 $249 $370 $488 $188 $676 $376 

Roads $536 $901 $1,437 $1,496 $1,633 $3,129 $660 

Trails $2,838 $4,755 $7,593 $3,214 $4,969 $8,183 $5,091 

Other $809 $551 $1,360 $670 $0 $670 $770 

GRAND TOTAL $17,797 $18,403 $36,200 $23,789 $32,797 $56,586 $28,618 

FY 2006 FY 2007 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Reforestation 

Overview

The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA) (P.L. 93-378), as amended 

by the National Forest Management Act of 1976 (NFMA) Section 3(d)1, directs that all forested lands in 

the NFS be maintained in appropriate forest cover with species of trees, degree of stocking, rate of 

growth, and stand conditions designated to secure the maximum benefits of multiple use sustained yield 

management in accordance to land management plans. RPA also requires, at the time of submission of 

the President’s budget together with the annual report provided under section 8(c) of the Act, the 

Secretary of Agriculture to identify and report to the Congress annually the amount and location, by 

forests, State, and productivity class, where applicable, of areas in need of reforesting that have been cutover or otherwise denuded or deforested. 

The Forest Service (FS) reforestation program has four major goals: 

1. To maintain all forest lands within the NFS in appropriate forest cover, 

2. To improve the quality and yield of the timber resource, 

3. To accelerate the attainment of desired species composition; and 

4. To develop and demonstrate successful reforestation methods and techniques. The program 

includes artificial regeneration, seeding, and natural regeneration with and without site 

preparation. Attainment of management objectives may be jeopardized without appropriate 

reforestation treatments. Untreated areas may have elevated risk to losses from future insect or 

disease epidemics, wildfires, and other disturbance events. 

Program Discussion

Figure 1 shows reforestation needs and accomplishments for fiscal year (FY) 1997 through FY 2008. 

From FY 1997 through FY 1999 there was a decrease in reforestation needs. During this period, 

reforestation treatments addressed approximately 45 percent of the needs. Since then, and up until the last 

few years, reforestation needs have grown. This has been largely due to wildfires affecting national 

forests in the West and insect epidemics in both the East and West. Until recently, reforestation 

treatments have been declining, at one point consisting of less than 20 percent of needs. However, from 

FY 2006 through FY 2008, additional sources of funding, particularly emergency supplemental 

appropriations, have allowed increases in reforestation treatments. 

Reforestation work is time-sensitive. Without timely intervention to reforest areas, undesirable woody 

shrubs, grasses, and forbs can dominate, making establishment of desired tree species difficult. Once 

undesirable species become established, decades may pass before sufficient numbers of the appropriate 

tree seedlings occupy the site. Benefits of timely reforestation include stabilization of critical watersheds 

and soils impacted by natural events, reduced long-term risk of wildfire (both in terms of frequency and 

intensity), improved forest health, increased habitat diversity, increased resiliency to the effects of climate 

change, and increased long-term carbon sequestration capacity. Reforestation delays reduce timber 

yields, negatively affect wildlife and fish species that depend on forest cover for habitat, and impact 

scenic quality and recreational experiences. Non-reforested areas are less resistant to wildfire and make it 

more difficult to protect surrounding communities. Delays also increase the cost of reforestation work by 

necessitating expensive site preparation treatments to reduce unwanted vegetation to levels that afford 

satisfactory seedling survival. 

Special Exhibits 14-49 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 Accomplishments

As of October 1, 2008, national forests have identified current reforestation needs on almost 1 million 

acres. However, these FY 2008 reforestation needs (displayed in Figure 1) do not yet reflect the total 

potential reforestation needs resulting from FY 2008 wildfires. This is because not all fire-related needs 

have been evaluated to date due to the magnitude of the FY 2008 fire season, particularly in California 

where 8,403 wildland fires occurred on approximately 1.2 million acres. 

In FY 2008, reforestation treatments occurred on about 211,000 acres, representing roughly 20 percent of 

the currently identified need. Approximately 99,000 acres needing reforestation treatments were certified 

as having regenerated naturally. 

Also during FY 2008, 10,000 acres of NFS lands were planted in partnership with American Forests, the 

Arbor Day Foundation, the Batesville Casket Co, the National Association of Garden Clubs (Penny 

Pines) and other individual contributors. The contributions from these partners assist the Forest Service 

by purchasing seedlings, planting seedlings, and administering planting contracts. The Forest Service 

continues to develop cooperative relationships aimed at improving and protecting NFS lands damaged by 

wildfire. 

Special Exhibits 14-50 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 

Fig. 1 - Reforestation Needs, Treatments and Percentage of Needs Treated by Fiscal Year

764

679

630

722

787

838

898 901

1,081 1,069 1,051

991

328

293 269

217 196

161

163 153

153

264 214 211

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Fiscal Year

Acres (thousands)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Percent of Needs Treated

Current Reforestation Needs Reforestation Treatments Percent of Needs Treated

Special Exhibits 14-51 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Research and Development Threat Assessment Centers 

The Eastern Forest and Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Centers (Centers) are 

national leaders in developing knowledge and tools to protect and sustain the Nation’s forests and 

rangelands. The Centers partner with government agencies, universities, and non-governmental 

organizations to improve the collective capacity to predict, detect, and assess threats to forests and 

wildlands. The mission of the Centers requires them to be responsive to emerging issues and highpriority policy initiatives such as climate change, invasive species, watershed protection, and wildland 

fire. The work of the Centers is essential to ensuring that resource managers and stakeholders are 

equipped with the latest information and state-of-the-art technology. 

 ($ in thousands) 

Fund 

FY08 

Enacted 

FY09 

Planned 

FY10 

 Estimated

Research $1,600 $1,600 $1,600 

S&PF $1,600 $1,600 $1,600 

NFS $1,600 $1,600 $1,600 

Total $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 

FY 2010 Program Changes

FY 2010 is expected to mark a pivotal point in the work of the Centers as several major efforts transition 

from technology development to practical application. Major research and development efforts involving 

early detection systems using remote sensing, wildland fire risk assessment, and advanced information 

technologies for comparative risk assessment—among others—will reach a point of maturity that they 

can begin to be used operationally by the Forest Service and other agencies. Thus, the Centers will 

necessarily shift resources towards providing additional training to customers in order to ensure efficient 

and productive integration of technology. Additional details on major on-going efforts are provided 

below. 

FY 2009 Planned

In FY 2009, the Centers continue with technology advancement through a variety of activities. The 

deployment of an early warning system using remote and site-level data to detect changes in vegetation is 

progressing and will allow rapid detection and assessment of environmental disturbance. A new 

computing environment will be accessible through the Internet and will provide advanced data sharing, 

analysis, and modeling capabilities. Additionally, a wildfire risk analysis and decision support 

framework for vegetation management projects will be developed. This will reduce the existing barriers 

to translating risk into meaningful metrics that can be merged with the existing NEPA planning 

framework. 

The Centers will continue with the delivery of science knowledge. User-friendly tools for comparative 

risk assessments will be distributed. A Comparative Risk Assessment Framework and Tools (CRAFT) 

workshop is planned for early FY 2009. Maps highlighting relative risks to forests and rangelands from 

multiple or exacerbating stresses (fire, disease, pest outbreaks) will continue to be updated and 

distributed. A comprehensive invasive plants database is being developed to allow for continental scale 

analyses of biological traits that influence species invasiveness and distribution. This tool will aid in 

developing early warning systems, predictive models, risk assessments, and management plans for 

invasive plant species. 

Special Exhibits 14-52 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

In an effort to expand the dialogue on climate change and/or invasive species, the Centers plan to invite 

internationally recognized experts to workshops and continue to publish policy-relevant papers. Climate 

change research will continue to be addressed through the generation and integration of information. An 

eastern-based Climate Change Resource Center is being developed for resource managers to help adapt to 

and mitigate for changing climates. These efforts will provide predictions, early detection, and 

quantitative assessment of climate change throughout the United States. 

Past Performance

In FY 2008, the Centers reached several important milestones: 

 A workshop hosted by Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center (WWETAC) 

connected climate modelers and land managers to explore quantitative approaches for vegetation 

management and planning under a changing climate and provided the science background to 

create the Climate Change Resource Center Web site (http://www.fs.fed.us/ccrc). 

 The Centers jointly released an online encyclopedia, the Encyclopedia of Forest Environmental 

Threats, which houses peer-reviewed scientific research from across North America and connects 

scientific results, conclusions, and impacts with management needs and issues. The encyclopedia 

is targeted toward researchers, land mangers, and policymakers and can be accessed at 

http://www.threats.forestencyclopedia.net. 

 A joint effort of the Centers and NASA Stennis Space Center produced a series of prototype data 

sets from remotely sensed satellite imagery that can be used for tracking changes in forests and 

rangelands across the conterminous U.S. These unique data will form the basis for an advanced 

early warning system to be deployed in coming years. 

 A gypsy moth/climate model in the Pacific Northwest was developed to predict potential 

introductions of Asian Gypsy Moth. 

 Compilation began on an extensive database of over 4,000 plants introduced into the United 

States. This database has been designed to be easily updated and accessed and will contain 

extensive information on life history traits, genetics, and geographical distribution. This is an 

international effort that will provide key information needed to assess potential invasive species. 

Program Overview

Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center 

The Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center (EFETAC) is engaged in multiple projects 

at the forefront of technology development and application in forest threat detection and assessment. 

Research conducted with the National Forest Health Monitoring Research team is looking beyond simple 

changes at a single location to the pattern of change across broad landscapes. Researchers are using new 

protocols to develop new indicators of landscape change, and providing land managers and policy makers 

with new tools for strategic planning. Additionally, Southern Global Change Program research addresses 

forest ecosystems, water quality, biodiversity, and wildfires—all with an emphasis on climate change and 

global warming. 

Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center 

WWETAC has made significant progress in its mission to provide early detection and prediction of the 

potential effects of multiple, interacting threats and stresses. It has hosted workshops and conferences to 

identify and synthesize current knowledge regarding threat assessment and improve predictive modeling. 

WWETAC initiated collaborative agreements with universities, government (local and federal) partners, 

Special Exhibits 14-53 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

and non-governmental organizations to advance the application of remote sensing and geospatial 

technologies, and make assessment tools and data more accessible to analysts and managers. 

Special Exhibits 14-54 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Service First 

Service First is a partnership authority for the Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), 

the National Park Service (NPS), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). (P.L. 106-291 as 

amended in 109-54, Title IV, Section 428). The administration is requesting an extension of this 

authority through 2011. The Forest Service continues to strengthen its partnership with the BLM, NPS, 

and FWS to attain the three Service First goals of: 

1. Improving natural and cultural resource stewardship, 

2. Providing better customer service, and 

3. Increasing operational efficiency. 

Service First is funded from several budget line items within the National Forest System appropriation. 

FY 2009 and FY 2010 Service First Goals 

 Expand interagency cooperation. This includes reaching out to other agencies within the 

Department of Agriculture, including the Natural Resource Conservation Service, and within the 

Department of Interior, particularly with the Department of Reclamation, and the Bureau of 

Indian Affairs. Work to continue solve incompatibility problems between BLM and FS 

technology systems, which is a barrier to greater partnership development. 

 Continue to implement the Memorandum of Understanding, which will continue to 

provide consistent direction and use of the authorities. 

A strong interagency network will need focused tools and regular outreach and information exchange 

such as best practices on Service First opportunities, challenges, and successes. The agencies have built 

an interagency website to foster this interaction and information exchange and provide contacts and 

information in the form of a toolbox for employees’ use. 

FY 2008 Accomplishments

The Forest Service has used the Service First authority to enter into numerous co-locations with 

participating agencies. Co-locations allow agencies to share office costs such as rent/lease, utilities, and 

general office supplies. In addition, co-locating staff fosters greater communication and coordination on 

land management and resource issues. Two pilot projects were executed utilizing transfer authority (joint 

treasury code) and have resulted in draft parameters for nation-wide use. Additional pilot projects will 

occur in FY 2009, fully exercising transfer authority. Policies have been clarified between the agencies 

on law enforcement officer reciprocity, hiring processes, reimbursement agreements, and health and 

safety procedures. 

Special Exhibits 14-55 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Summary of Recovery Act Funding 

Fund Code & Activities

Capital Improvement and Maintenance (CRRR) FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 

TOTAL $341,248,050 $281,668,400 $27,083,550 

Road Maintenance & Decommissioning 

Trail Maintenance & Decommissioning 

Facilities Improvement, Maintenance & Renovation 

Abandoned Mine Remediation 

Watershed Restoration/Ecosystem Enhancements 

Management & Administration Economic Recovery CIM 

Wildland Fire Management (WRRR) FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 

TOTAL $262,498,500 $216,668,000 $20,833,500 

Hazardous Fuels Federal Lands 

Hazardous Fuels Reduction and Mitigation – S&PF 

Rehabilitation Federal Lands 

Ecosystem Improvement Non-Federal Lands 

Forest Health Federal Lands 

Forest Health Non-Federal Lands 

Management & Administration Economic Recovery WFM 

Wood to Energy Biomass 

A. Goals and Coordination Efforts: The major purposes of the American Recovery and 

Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) are to create jobs and promote economic recovery, especially 

to those areas most affected by the recession. Projects receiving ARRA funding will create or 

retain jobs in economically-distressed area, create or retain jobs that help sustain the health, 

diversity and productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands, and create jobs that contribute to 

sustainable operations, including reducing the footprint of infrastructure and/or greener 

operations of administrative and recreation sites, roads, trails, fire, and other facilities. 

B. Objectives: The Forest Service received funding for Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

(CIM) and for Wildland Fire Management (WFM). The objective of the Forest Service’s CIM 

program is to restore infrastructure that supports public, administrative, and recreation uses with 

minimal impact to ecosystem stability and conditions. The focus of the Forest Service’s WFM 

projects is to protect communities from large, unnaturally severe fires, and to contribute to the 

restoration of fire-adapted ecosystems, thereby helping to foster fire-adapted communities well 

into the future. 

C. Delivery Schedule: The Forest Service is planning to approve and fund projects in three phases. 

The first 10% of ARRA funds, approximately $100 million in total (approximately $63 million in 

CIM projects and $34 million in WFM projects), were approved on March 5, 2009. These 

projects were considered “shovel ready” and are expected to be awarded extremely quickly. In 

the second phase of project approval, it is expected that approximately 50%-80% of ARRA funds 

will be approved by the end of April 2009. The third phase of project approval will occur at the 

end of FY 2009 and will consist of two components – the distribution of the remaining ARRA 

funds, and a review of all previously funded projects. 

Special Exhibits 14-56 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

D. Measures: (1) Performance measures for delivery: The Forest Service will track progress for 

performance of delivery by ensuring that there are qualified personnel overseeing Recovery Act 

funds by the establishment of four Economic Recovery Operations Centers (EROCs). By 

tracking through the Agency’s Performance Accountability System on a weekly or quarterly 

basis, the Forest Service will ensure that competitive awards are maximized, that there are timely 

awards and expenditures of ARRA funds, that cost overruns and improper payments are 

minimized. Working with the Office of Inspector General and Internal Quality Assurance staff, 

the Forest Service is refining an audit system to identify wasteful spending and minimize waste, 

fraud, and abuse; (2) Performance measures for program progress: The Forest Service will 

evaluate the success of activities funded through the ARRA using the following performance 

measures: 

Key Programmatic Performance Measures

FY 2009 FY 

2010 

FY 2011

Miles of system roads receiving maintenance TBD TBD TBD

Miles of road decommissioned TBD TBD TBD

Miles of system trail maintained or improved to 

standard TBD TBD TBD

Abandoned mine land sites mitigated TBD TBD TBD

Acres of water or soil resources protected, 

maintained, or improved to achieve desired 

watershed conditions 

TBD TBD TBD

Expected annual energy savings as a result of 

ARRA facility investments as estimated by the 

awarded contractor, or as estimated using a 

reputable energy savings calculator 

TBD TBD TBD

Expected annual operation and maintenance cost 

increase or decrease as a result of ARRA facility 

investments 

TBD TBD TBD

Acres of forest vegetation established or improved TBD TBD TBD

Number of priority acres treated annually for 

invasive species or native pests TBD TBD TBD

Number of hazardous fuels reduction or mitigation 

projects conducted on nonfederal lands through 

ARRA funding 

TBD TBD TBD

Number of acres treated to reduce risk of 

catastrophic wildland fire TBD TBD TBD

Green tons of biomass removed through ARRA 

grant funding to produce energy TBD TBD TBD

(3) Additional ARRA-related performance measures: The Forest Service may add additional 

measures to track performance related to the specific goals of the ARRA. The ARRA requires 

recipients of recovery funds from a Federal agency to report on measures such as an estimate of the 

number of jobs created and retained, and an evaluation of the completion status of the project or 

activity. 

Special Exhibits 14-57 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Sustainable Operations

The Forest Service is reducing its environmental footprint through sustainable operations and has a 

growing number of initiatives in place. As stewards of the nation’s forests and grasslands, Forest Service 

leadership is committed to efficiently using energy and reducing consumption of resources in our daily 

operations. This work has been accelerated by the Energy Policy Act of 2005; a series of Executive 

Orders, including EO 13423: "Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation 

Management"; and several USDA directives. 

The agency strives to be a leading example of a green organization and model sustainable practices 

throughout all aspects of Forest Service program management and delivery. In FY 2008 and into fiscal 

year 2009, the agency established focused priorities and began quality integration across boundaries. This 

resulted in more sustainable practices related to energy and water conservation; transportation 

efficiencies; waste management; green purchasing; sustainable facilities management; and the 

implementation of an environmental management system. 

FY 2010 Program Plans

Fulfill Executive Orders and align with the Climate Change Implementation Plan: 

 Establish a Sustainable Operations Team with a three year charter to further refine and establish 

baselines for fleet and transportation, energy, watershed, green purchasing, and waste 

management functions 

 Assess and evaluate data collection, evaluation and reporting sources in the agency related to EO 

13423, and identify action items to modify information, applications, or systems as necessary. 

 Create and implement a data repository/mining/interface for information related to these 

emphasis areas in order to articulate consumption information and establish reduction goals or 

targets at all levels of the organization. 

 In alignment with a corporate Environmental Management System (EMS) - identify and 

institutionalize a flexible and scalable data survey, collection, analysis and reporting mechanism 

for internal and external reporting – and establish incremental targets to achieve goals and 

performance indicators. 

Facilitate Partnerships: 

 Establish partnerships with key Federal organizations, States, and communities to facilitate 

accomplishments in energy and water conservation (Department of Energy (DOE), 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL), Department 

of the Interior (DOI), State of California, and the National Forest Foundation (NFF); as well as to 

facilitate accomplishments in transportation efficiencies by partnering with NREL and General 

Services Administration (GSA), and the District of Columbia local government. 

 Establish stronger connections through youth, community and academic partnerships to support 

life long environmental learning. 

Create an Informed Citizenry: 

 Connect people to their local environment and encourage them to act to enhance it. Expand 

activities like “Kids in the Woods”. 

 Establish a sustainable operations education component for targeted audiences including: 

supervisors and managers; contractor officers (CO), CO Representatives, and procurement 

Special Exhibits 14-58 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

agents; information technology; engineering, landscape architects, facility managers, and fleet 

managers. 

External Report Accomplishments: 

 Publish a stakeholder accomplishment report every two years that addresses the agency’s 

progress and impacts 

FY 2011 outlook: 

 Provide a transition strategy to facilitate redemption of lead role responsibilities by national and 

field level leadership. 

 Consult and coordinate with other Climate Change Framework Teams and experts. Continue 

action items identified in the national sustainable operations strategy and expand activities to 

accelerate the achievement of goals established by EO 13423. 

Special Exhibits 14-59 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Unobligated Balances 

Overview

The following table contains the Forest Service unobligated balances from all prior year appropriated 

funds (regular and emergency) carried forward into FY 2009. The table does not include the unobligated 

balances from offsetting collections such as reimbursable or advanced collections. The appropriation 

totals are actuals; however, the program amounts are estimates. 

FY 2008 Forest Service - Unobligated Balances 

(Dollars in Thousands) 

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Unobligated Balances 

Forest and Rangeland Research 

 Research and Development $25,732 

Total, Forest and Rangeland Research $25,732 

 

State and Private Forestry 

 Forest Health - Federal Lands $8,574 

 Forest Health - Coop Lands $4,495 

 State Fire Assistance $2,964 

 Volunteer Fire Assistance $436 

 Forest Stewardship $4,648 

 Forest Legacy Program (SPLG) $1,869 

 Urban and Community Forestry $4,067 

 Economic Action Programs $2,269 

 Forest Res Info & Analysis $717 

 Emergency & Disaster $3,092 

 International Forestry $905 

Total--State and Private Forestry $34,036 

S&P Land and Water Conservation Fund $9,590 

Total—S&P Land and Water Conservation Fund $9,590 

 

National Forest System 

 Land Management Planning $4,685 

 Inventory & Monitoring $11,570 

 Recreation, Heritage, and Wilderness $11,401 

 Wildlife and Fisheries Habitat Management $11,781 

 Grazing Management $3,524 

Special Exhibits 14-60 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest Service Appropriation / FY 2008 

Budget Line Item / Extended Budget Line Item Unobligated Balances 

 Rehabilitation and Restoration $2,073 

 Forest Products $32,235 

 Vegetation and Watershed Management $12,656 

 Minerals and Geology Management $9,299 

 Landownership Management $8,492 

 Law Enforcement Operations $12,819 

 Valles Caldera National Preserve $709 

 Disaster Fund Supplemental $6,291 

Total--National Forest System $127,535 

Wildland Fire Management 

 Preparedness $54,140 

 Hazardous Fuels Management $213,706 

 Fire Operations - Suppression $331,144 

 NFP Forest Health - Federal Lands $3,472 

 NFP Forest Health - Coop Lands $716 

 NFP State Fire Assistance $5,009 

 NFP Volunteer Fire Assistance $86 

 Rehabilitation & Restoration $83, 532 

 NFP Research Activities $2,074 

 Joint Fire Sciences $9,714 

Total--Wildland Fire Management $703,593 

 

Capital Improvement and Maintenance 

 Construction Disaster Fund Supplemental $39,890 

 Facilities Capital Improvement/Maintenance $29,552 

 Roads Capital Improvement/Maintenance $28,053 

 Trails Capital Improvement/Maintenance $8,921 

 Legacy Roads $11,733 

 Spectrum Relocation $24,821 

 Deferred Maintenance $4,271 

Total--Capital Improvement and Maintenance $147,241 

Land Acquisition--Land and Water Conservation Fund 

 Land Exchange Acquisitions $14,062 

Total--Land Acquisition/L&WCF $14,062 

 

Other Appropriations 

 Range Betterment Fund $994 

 Gifts, Donations, and Bequests for Research $161 

 Subsistence Mgmt (R10) $247 

Total--Other Appropriations $1,402 

 

GRAND TOTAL $1,063,191 

Special Exhibits 14-61 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Wood Education and Resource Center 

FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 

Wood Education and Resource 

Center (WERC) $2,631,000 $960,000 $960,000 

FY 2010 Program Changes 

The FY 2010 budget request includes $960,000 for the Wood Education and Resource Center (WERC), 

the same as in FY 2009. Funds will provide priority services and support to the eastern hardwood forest 

region, particularly the wood industry. At this level of funding, WERC anticipates that no new 

competitive grants will be issued. Salaries for support activities will be approximately $680,000 leaving 

$280,000 for operating and other expenses. WERC staff will conduct existing grant monitoring and 

provide technical assistance, training, and information transfer. 

In FY 2010, WERC will host or sponsor workshops and 

training to owners and managers of wood products 

businesses. In addition, WERC will provide technical 

assistance to the lessee of the WERC mill and shop in 

order to maintain a successful business operation that more 

fully utilizes the facilities and enhances employment 

opportunities to local residents. 

Utilization of Trees Killed by Exotic Pests

WERC has provided assistance to local and 

other federal agencies promoting effective 

utilization of ash and other tree species killed by 

regulated pests such as emerald ash borer and 

Asian Long-horned beetle. By focusing on 

processing killed trees into usable products, 

partners have decreased the cost-burden of tree 

removals. Current and future actions also 

promote the use of these waste materials for 

energy production. 

FS will provide technical expertise to industry, States, and 

other partners on wood processing, the utilization of 

damaged timber, and woody biomass, and will continue 

implementation of a woody biomass strategy. 

FY 2008 Accomplishments

In FY 2008, WERC awarded a total of $1.5 million to grant applicants for 24 projects. Many projects 

focus on maintaining or expanding the economic competitiveness and sustainability of wood products 

manufacturing businesses, ultimately leading to job creation as well as improved forest health and 

stewardship. Through the lease of the facilities, WERC generated approximately 20 private-sector wood 

industry jobs. A Biomass Coordinator staff position was established to provide woody biomass to energy 

leadership across the S&PF Northeastern Area. WERC conducted six wood industry workshops on-site 

and sponsored more than 25 workshops and training sessions at remote locations or on the web. These 

projects have resulted in a more productive, sustainable wood products industry in the eastern U.S. 

Program Description

Program Overview 

WERC started in 1999 when legislation was enacted directing FS to assume ownership of the former 

Robert C. Byrd Hardwood Technology Center (RCBHTC) in Princeton, West Virginia. Under FS 

ownership and management, the WERC focuses on primary and secondary wood processing, and woody 

biomass utilization using multidisciplinary approaches within the 35 States of the eastern hardwood 

region. WERC projects focus on: 

Special Exhibits 14-62 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

 International and domestic hardwood industry competitiveness issues 

 WERC income generation 

 Technology and information transfer 

 Increasing communication, cooperation, and collaborative problem solving within the forest 

products industry 

 Woody biomass utilization for energy 

 Green building issues and carbon storage in wood products 

WERC programs help maintain and improve wood industry productivity and competitiveness in a 

sustainable manner. Viable wood products markets enable sustainable forest management on private, 

State, and Federal lands. 

Allocation and Partnerships

New Wood Products Marketing Guide 

The Center for Forest Products Marketing & 

Management at Virginia Tech and the Wood 

Education and Resource Center have a new 

publication available online at 

http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/detail.cfm?id=5485

The publication provides entrepreneurs, owners, 

managers and employees of small and mediumsized primary forest products processors guidance 

regarding marketing and marketing techniques 

aimed at maintaining a competitive edge. 

WERC accomplishes its mission through several venues 

including: 

 An annual competitive grants program; 

 Workshops and training held at WERC and other 

remote locations; 

 Web-site clearing house for information; and 

 Regional operations in a cluster model at the 

Princeton WERC (research, technical transfer, and 

private industry partnerships on-site). 

Training programs focus on industry competitiveness, 

survivability, and sustainability issues. This focused 

effort will assist the wood industry in facing today’s 

critical challenges 

The annual grant program uses five criteria: 

1. Supporting economic competitiveness of the hardwood industries: 

2. Delivery of information and technology to wood products businesses 

3. Advancing the development of technology and markets to address urgent issues, 

4. Green building and carbon storage issues and 

5. Increasing the sustainable use of woody biomass. 

WERC maintains and fosters partnerships with organizations, universities, non-profits, and for-profit 

organizations. WERC has invested $7.4 million in 122 projects in 26 States over the last 4 years, in 

cooperation with the wood or forest industry. 

Special Exhibits 14-63 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest Service Working Capital Fund 

Program Description

The Working Capital Fund (WCF) provides orderly and efficient supply and equipment service in support 

of Forest Service programs. The Department of Agriculture Organic Act of August 3, 1956, as amended 

by the Act of October 23, 1962 (15 U.S.C. 579b), established the WCF. WCF is a self-sustaining 

revolving fund that provides services to national forests, research stations, other Federal agencies, and, as 

provided by law, to State and private cooperators. 

The WCF requires no cash appropriation. Initially, regular Forest Service appropriations purchased assets 

and donated the assets to WCF. WCF rates are determined so that WCF recovers operating and 

replacement costs. WCF provides the following services: 

 Equipment Leasing Services, which owns and rents vehicles and aircraft; 

 Nursery Service, which consists of tree and grass seeds and other nursery seedlings; 

 Enterprise Services, which are reinvention teams accomplishing projects that improve customer 

service and reduce costs. 

The table below displays the volume of business for major WCF activities: 

Volume of Business for Major WCF Activities 

(Dollars in thousands) 

FY 2008 

Actual

FY 2009 

Planned

FY 2010 

Estimated

Equipment - Fleet $158,340 $165,000 $170,000

Equipment - Aircraft 10,058 11,083 12,212

Nursery 8,668 8,637 8,637

Enterprise Services 38,800 42,700 47,000

Total $215,866 $227,420 $237,849

Special Exhibits 14-64 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Working Capital Fund – Forest Service Fleet Management 

Program Description 

The Forest Service uses the Working Capital Fund (WCF) to procure motor vehicles and other fleet 

equipment in support of Forest Service programs. The WCF does not receive direct appropriations, but 

receives its authority through payment for services from appropriated accounts. Forest Service 

appropriations purchase assets and then donate the assets to WCF. WCF rates are determined so that 

WCF recovers operating and replacement costs. WCF supports Equipment Leasing Services, an entity 

that owns and rents vehicles and other fleet equipment. 

Program Priorities 

In FY 2007, a fleet feasibility study recommended increasing the percentage of agency-owned fleet. As a 

result, the Forest Service currently owns approximately 90 percent of the fleet equipment, and rents about 

10 percent from the General Services Administration and commercial vendors. The goal of the agency is 

to retain and operate a total number of vehicles which is the most cost effective and fuel efficient mix that 

will meet the needs of the agency. The result is that WCF expenditures will remain fairly constant over 

time, as the majority of fleet reductions will occur through the reduction of leased vehicles (which are not 

part of WCF). 

Vehicle Allocation Methodology and Procurement Practices

As part of the annual vehicle replacement process, the Forest Service units conduct assessments of fleet 

operations that analyze vehicle effectiveness, cost-to-serve, life cycle cost, vehicle pooling, and operating 

costs. The objective when ordering new vehicles is to purchase the most efficient and most cost effective 

vehicle to meet the needs of the Forest Service unit. Alternative fuel vehicles (AFV) are chosen when 

available; often times the limiting factor is the availability of alternative fuel in the geographic area. Ongoing fleet needs are determined by the Forest Service managers based on transportation and equipment 

needs to achieve their goals within the allotted budget. 

Utilizing national guidelines, the regional and station fleet specialists identify vehicles eligible for 

replacement. The final decision to procure a replacement vehicle is made at the regional and station level. 

When a fleet addition or upgrade is required, a formal review and approval procedure is followed and 

documented. 

Program Oversight 

To assure that the fleet program provides safe, efficient, and environmentally sound fleet equipment, and 

to ensure the safe, economical, and legal acquisition, operation, maintenance, and disposal of that 

equipment, the Forest Service uses a combination of the following:

1. Financial incentives: Forest Service organizations, programs, and projects pay monthly rates on 

all WCF equipment assigned to them. This payment structure encourages dropping non-essential 

vehicles. Dropped vehicles are reassigned to units in need, and receipts go to the WCF account. 

2. Business practices: Standard business practices require national and regional review. These 

include the physical property inventory, the annual assessments of fleet needs for scheduling 

replacements and holdovers, and the annual review and recalculation of monthly rates. The 

Special Exhibits 14-65 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Forest Service recently implemented a formalized review and approval procedure for all fleet 

additions and up-grades. 

3. Monitoring: Typically, a region reviews fleet management activities on two to four national 

forests each year, and the national office reviews one to two regions. 

Management regularly adjusts the fleet size, mix, and assignment through out the year. This helps ensure 

an optimal fleet and helps to keep the fleet safe, effective, cost efficient, and in line with legal 

requirements. 

Special Exhibits 14-66 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

USDA Working Capital Fund and Greenbook Charges 

Background 

The Forest Service, as an organizational entity of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, is provided 

administrative services managed centrally on behalf of the Department. These centrally administered 

programs are broken into two activities: WCF and the Greenbook. 

The Interior Subcommittee on Appropriations requires a 3-year display of total costs paid by the Forest 

Service for these centrally administered programs. It is important to note that cost estimates for actual 

usage programs have changed in the last 3 fiscal years in response to demand for services on the part of 

the Forest Service. The Forest Service estimates for the activities assessed on a Full-time Equivalent 

(FTE) or standard methodology are likely to better reflect Forest Service shares of total costs, but these 

may vary during execution. 

USDA Working Capital Fund 

WCF includes financial and administrative services provided with funding under the authority of 7 USC 

2235. WCF is a financing mechanism supporting more than 20 activity centers across 5 Department-level 

organizations. These centers provide services to all USDA agencies, including the Forest Service, and a 

large number of non-USDA entities. Customers reimburse activity centers for the cost of services 

provided. 

WCF-supported activities do not receive appropriated funds and are not subsidized from other funding 

sources. All costs are recovered through reimbursements from serviced customers. The estimated 

reimbursement from customers represents their projected share of costs to deliver service. Under terms of 

the general provisions in annual appropriations to USDA, agency administrators must authorize the 

billing of their agency for services they receive. The Chief of the Forest Service, or his duly appointed 

representative, must sign an agreement at the beginning of the fiscal year authorizing billing for services 

provided and supplying the appropriate accounting data. 

The Forest Service serves as a lead overseer in the review of cost estimates for the National Finance 

Center through its participation in the WCF Executive Committee, a body comprising of representatives 

of various USDA agencies. The Executive Committee is charged with making budget recommendations 

and advising the Department’s Chief Financial Officer as to the financial effectiveness of WCF. 

On the following page is a table displaying Forest Service assessments for USDA working capital fund 

services. On subsequent pages is a table describing WCF services provided by USDA. 

Special Exhibits 14-67 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 – FY 2010 Working Capital Fund Assessments for the Forest Service 

 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 

Orgn. Activity Actual Estimate Request 

OCFO National Finance Center Agency Specific 

Agreements 

6,397,129 6,417,112 6,551,871 

 National Finance Center Gov’t Employee Services 5,204,235 4,982,895 5,087,536 

 Financial Systems 34,949,271 38,918,100 39,735,380 

 Comptroller Operations Services 11,380,630 10,946,364 11,176,238 

 Internal Control Support Services 110,150 107,437 109,693 

 A-123 Support Services 370,596 385,479 393,574 

 Lean Six Sigma Grants Process Services 41,869 60,499 61,769 

OC Broadcast Media and Technology Center 127,915 377,669 385,600 

 Creative Services Center (formerly Design Center) 216,081 419,423 428,231 

OCIO NITC – IT Services 5,210,446 5,060,184 5,166,448 

 National Telecom Services 1,511,204 1,548,297 1,580,811 

 Telecom Customer Services Center (TCSC) 262,306 262,306 267,814 

 Network Services 898,926 893,481 912,244 

 Computer Services Network Support 619,476 615,388 628,311 

 Enterprise Shared Services 5,986,226 6,635,646 6,774,995 

DA Central Supply Stores 49,823 49,823 50,869 

 Central Forms and Pubs - Transport Costs 44,284 46,240 47,211 

 Copier Services 732,875 732,875 748,265 

 Printing and Duplication Services 143,187 119,887 122,405 

 Mail Prep and Courier Services 14,564 12,038 12,291 

 Departmental Mailing List Systems 34,505 35,479 36,224 

 Procurement Systems Operations 7,506,791 7,171,535 7,322,137 

 Mail Distribution Services 1,406,791 1,093,374 1,116,335 

 CFPDC Agency Forms and Pubs Storage 493,192 514,974 525,788 

 CFPDC Departmental and Standard Forms 250,998 262,085 267,589 

 Central Shipping and Receiving 51,387 51,387 52,466 

 Central Excess Property Operations 68,803 67,937 69,364 

 Central Excess Property -Rehab Furniture Services 1,753 1,731 1,767 

 Executive Secretariat 551,123 560,480 572,250 

 Subtotal for Agency Requested Services 84,636,536 88,350,125 90,205,476 

*FY 2010 Request is an estimate based upon the non-pay inflation increase of 2.1%. 

Special Exhibits 14-68 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

WCF ACTIVITIES

Cost Recovery Methodologies 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

National Finance Center Agency 

Specific 

Provides: 1. Payroll/Personnel services 

to USDA/Non-USDA agencies 2. 

Applications support to Office of 

Personnel Management. 3. Record 

keeper/other services to support the 

Thrift Savings Plan 4. Support services 

for USDA accounting applications 5. 

PKI licenses/support 

Beginning in FY 2005, services 

provided by NFC will be negotiated 

between NFC and serviced agencies. 

The nature, volume, and cost of 

services will serve as the basis for 

Memoranda of Understanding 

between the parties 

National Finance Center Government 

Employee Services 

 Provides: 1. Payroll/Personnel services 

to USDA/Non-USDA agencies 2. 

Applications support to Office of 

Personnel Management 3. Record 

keeper/other services to support the 

Thrift Savings Plan 4. Support services 

for USDA accounting applications 5. 

PKI licenses/support 

 Beginning in FY 2005, services 

provided by NFC will be negotiated 

between NFC and serviced agencies. 

The nature, volume, and cost of 

services will serve as the basis for 

Memoranda of Understanding 

between the parties. 

Financial Systems Operates/maintains the following 

systems: 1. Foundation Financial 

Information System (FFIS - core 

accounting) 2. Real property 3. 

Corporate integrated administrative 

payments 4. Other systems as necessary 

to support program agency missions and 

fulfill USDA’s fiduciary responsibilities 

to taxpayers 

Financial/Adm. Pmts: Costs 

recovered based on agency share of 

FFIS workload (measured in general 

journal records) Real Property: Costs 

recovered basis on agency shares of 

USDA-owned and 

GSA/commercially-leased property 

Comptroller Operations Services Provides: 1. Core accounting/reporting 

services 2. Agency-specific services 3. 

Operates a corporate controller 

organization that integrates 

accountability and systems across 

USDA 

Agencies are billed 1/12-per-month 

their estimated annual charges 

Internal Control Support Services 

A-123 Support Services 

Lean Six Sigma Grants Process 

Services 

Broadcast Media and Technology 

Center 

The Broadcast Media and Technology 

Center (BMTC) provide a wide array of 

video production and teleconferencing 

(both audio and video) services. 

 Agency shares (in pct.) are based on 

the most recently completed fiscal 

year billings for services. Actual 

costs reflect use of the service and are 

based on hourly rates for services 

purchased. 

Creative Services Center (formerly 

VCC) 

 The Visual Communication Center 

offers a variety of graphic production 

and exhibit and visitor center 

planning/fabrication/development 

services; the Center also provides web 

page graphic design services. 

Agency shares (in pct.) are based on 

the most recently completed fiscal 

year billings for services. Actual 

agency costs are based on needed 

labor hours, contractual costs, and or 

direct materials needed for the 

delivery of a product to the 

Special Exhibits 14-69 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

WCF ACTIVITIES

Cost Recovery Methodologies 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

requesting agency. 

NITC – IT Services Provide mainframe computer operations 

and application development and 

support services to support agency 

programs. NITC also provide IT 

consulting services and training, and 

support the data warehouse support to 

FFIS. 

Agency percentages are based 

estimates of services to be provided 

to users during the current fiscal year. 

Actual costs are based on the cost of 

services provided to requesting 

agencies under terms of interagency 

agreements. 

National Telecom Services Provide centralized telecommunications 

support services nationwide for the 

USDA; manages and provide internet 

access to USDA agencies and data 

connections between agencies (USDA 

Intranet); assists agencies in using 

telecommunication services in a costeffective manner. 

Agencies shares (in percentage) are 

based on prior year agencies 

utilization of voice and data 

telecommunication services. Actual 

costs for technical and data services 

are recovered via distribution through 

the WCF. 

Telecom Customer Services Center 

(TSCS) 

Manages and maintains the USDA’s 

voice telephone services in the WMA 

that serves as the single point of contact 

for all local requests for telephone 

services and purchases; manages and 

administers the nationwide Voice Mail 

System; provides maintenance services 

for telephone equipment in the WMA 

and voice mail services. 

Agency shares (in pct.) are based on 

the number of telephone lines in the 

WMA and the number of voice 

mailboxes on the primary node. 

Network Services Provides technical/operational 

assistance on data networking 

telecommunications systems; designs, 

installs, operates, and manages shared 

services provided on Departmental 

networks and platforms; participates in 

the design, engineering, and operations 

management of the Enterprise Network.

Agency shares (in pct.) are based on 

FY 2003 FTE for the USDA facilities 

serviced by the Departmental LAN 

and e-mail usage. 

Computer Services Network Support Provide LAN, Desktop, Application, 

and Web development support and 

maintenance to the Office of the 

Secretary (OSEC). 

Basic services for OSEC are paid by 

Office of Chief Information Officer 

(appropriate). The cost for the 

support services to Under and 

Assistant Secretaries are distributed 

among agencies based on estimates 

fiscal year nationwide FTEs. 

Enterprise Shared Services 

Central Supply Stores Provides required office supplies to the 

Office of the Secretary and USDA 

agencies in the Washington 

metropolitan area; provides nation-wide 

supply support to the meat and poultry 

inspectors for the Food Safety 

Agency shares (in pct.) are based on 

actual use of store services in the 

most recently completed fiscal year. 

Actual costs are recovered on the 

basis of the acquisition cost of 

supplies procured by agencies, plus 

Special Exhibits 14-70 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

WCF ACTIVITIES

Cost Recovery Methodologies 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

Inspection Service. an overhead charge. 

Central Forms and Pubs – Transport 

Costs 

Provides Acq (Printing), Warehouse, 

and worldwide distribution of adm 

forms and pub for all USDA agencies 

and non-USDA agencies; provides 

warehouse distribution of agency 

program and pub for all USDA agencies 

and for other participating govt 

agencies; 

Based on the most recently completed 

fiscal year. 

Copier Services Provides centralized copier facilities and 

equip for employees in Washington DC, 

bldgs complex and nearby satellite 

locations (Riverdale Carver Center). A 

large inventory of pool/convenience 

copiers is placed within USDA agencies 

throughout DC area. 

Agency shares are based on prior 

year billings. 

Printing and Duplication Services Provides full service and quick turn 

around printing for the Office of the 

Secretary and USDA agencies 

headquartered in the Washington 

metropolitan area. 

Agency shares are based on prior 

year billings. Actual costs are based 

on use of the service at published 

rates. 

Mail Prep and Courier Services Custom Mailing services to USDA 

Agencies 

0.0399 cents/piece for each piece of 

mail stuffed. Miscellaneous Servs: 

flat fee of $10.00 for courier 

deliveries in the local metro area; 

$0.30/mile for chauffeur serv (plus 

overtime for drivers) 

Departmental Mailing List Systems Maintains centralized mailing lists for 

agencies and staff offices and high 

speed printer service for reports 

production. 

Agency shares are based on prior 

year billings. 

Procurement Systems Operations Develops, implements, and maintains a 

suite of corporate acquisition software 

tools, streamlining processes, and 

providing procurement support to 

USDA agencies; develops, implements, 

and maintains an interface with the 

USDA corporate financial system. 

Cost is distributed based on FY03 

actual agency use of the PURCH and 

PCMS systems. This will continue to 

be the cost recovery basis until IAS is 

fully implemented. 

Special Exhibits 14-71 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

WCF ACTIVITIES

Cost Recovery Methodologies 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

Mail Distribution Services Central Mail: Central processing of 

incoming, outgoing, and interoffice 

mail; special handling services for 

priority items in the DC area. Door-toDoor: Pickup and delivery service of 

routine and special mailings in the DC 

downtown bldgs complex. 

Central Mail/Door-to-Door: Agency 

shares are based on mail count 

samples taken by the Mail Unit. 

CFPDC Agency Forms and Pubs 

Storage 

Provides Acq (Printing), Warehouse, 

and worldwide distribution of adm 

forms and pub for all USDA agencies 

and non-USDA agencies; provides 

warehouse distribution of agency 

program and pub for all USDA agencies 

and for other participating govt 

agencies; 

Agency Shares are based on the 

square footage of space for storage of 

agency forms at the CFPDC 

Warehouse. 

CFPDC Departmental and Standard 

Forms 

Provides Acq (Printing), Warehouse, 

and worldwide distribution of adm 

forms and pub for all USDA agencies 

and non-USDA agencies; provides 

warehouse distribution of agency 

program and pub for all USDA agencies 

and for other participating govt 

agencies; 

Agency shares are based on costs of 

requisitions processed for AD and SF 

forms during the most recently 

completed fiscal year. 

Central Shipping and Receiving Provides a central facility to ship and 

receive large items for USDA agencies; 

maintains facilities in the DC Buildings 

Complex and at the Beltsville Service 

Center. 

Agency shares are based on the gross 

weight of shipments received in the 

most recently completed fiscal year. 

Central Excess Property Operations Provides customer svc and disposition 

for all excess property for USDA and 

other fed agencies in Washington 

Metropolitan area under the concept of a 

Cooperative Admin Support Program 

(CASU): provides property rehab svcs 

in an effort to promote utilization of 

serviceable excess and rehab property in 

lieu of purchasing new property. 

Excess Property Operations: Agency 

shares are based on FY 2005 FullTime Equivalents (FTE) for the 

Washington DC metropolitan area. 

Central Excess Property – Rehab 

Furniture Services 

Provides customer svc and disposition 

for all excess property for USDA and 

other fed agencies in Washington 

Metropolitan area under the concept of a 

Cooperative Admin Support Program 

(CASU): provides property rehab svcs 

in an effort to promote 

Rehabilitation Services: Agency 

shares are based on FY 2002 actual 

billings for rehabilitated furniture. 

Executive Secretariat Provides referral and correspondence 

control services to the Department for 

mail addressed to the Department, the 

Secretary, and the immediate office of 

the Secretary. 

User percentages are based on a 

moving average of correspondence 

processed by the unit. 

Special Exhibits 14-72 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Greenbook 

Central Cost Distribution Programs: USDA agencies pay a share of costs for external programs through 

“Greenbook” assessments. The Forest Service share is determined in a manner consistent with that for 

every other agency in the Department. Assessments are broken down into two categories: 

 Actual usage – costs are collected for programs such as GSA space, postage, unemployment and 

workers compensation based on actual costs incurred by individual agencies. 

 Outside assessments – costs such as OPM Federal employment, FirstGov, and GSA blue pages 

are distributed to executive departments for reimbursement; the Department has no discretion as 

to the cost of the program. 

Departmental Reimbursable Programs: These costs provide funding for Department-wide initiatives 

authorized by the Office of the Secretary. Costs for these programs cannot be recovered on a usage basis 

and are generally distributed using an FTE methodology. 

Special Exhibits 14-73 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

FY 2008 – FY 2010 Forest Service Greenbook Costs 

 FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 

 Actual Estimate Request* 

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

 GSA Space - Agency 37,809,251 35,862,000 36,615,102 

 DHS GSA Building Security - Agency 2,869,686 2,793,000 2,851,653 

 U.S. Postal Service Mail 460,000 350,000 357,350 

 Unemployment Compensation 31,799,700 31,211,000 31,866,431 

 Workers Compensation 29,306,644 28,745,931 29,349,596 

 National Archives Records System 252,077 370,701 378,486 

 Flexible Spending Accounts FSAFEDS 523,676 534,673 545,901 

 OPM Federal Emply. Services and Admin Law Jdgs. 223,030 172,727 176,354 

 Government-wide Council Activities 107,395 107,395 109,650 

Total, Central Cost Programs 103,351,459 100,147,427 102,250,523 

 

Departmental Reimbursable Programs 

 USDA Tribal Liaison 23,369 23,369 23,860 

 Faith-Based Initiatives 135,472 135,472 138,317 

 Advisory Committee Liaison Services 42,456 42,456 43,348 

 Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities 488,375 488,375 498,631 

 1890 USDA Initiative 821,297 821,297 838,544 

 American Indian Higher Education Consortium 196,434 196,434 200,559 

 Diversity Council 173,742 173,742 177,391 

 Visitors Center 90,766 90,766 92,672 

 Honor Awards 27,094 27,094 27,663 

 Target Center 313,955 313,955 320,548 

 Drug Testing Program 66,300 66,300 67,692 

 Sign Language Interpreter Services 78,235 78,235 79,878 

 Sign Language Interpreter Agency Specific Services 51,178 51,178 52,253 

 Emergency Operations Center 746,787 746,787 762,470 

 Labor and Employee Relations Case Tracking and Reporting Sys 6,774 24,385 24,897 

 Continuity of Operations Planning 616,396 616,396 629,340 

 Personnel and Document Security 167,510 167,510 171,028 

 Federal Biobased Products Preferred Procurement Program 118,538 118,538 121,027 

 Radiation Safety 97,337 97,337 99,381 

 Self Service Dashboard and Retirement Processor Web App. 114,474 114,474 116,878 

 Preauthorized Funding 966,288 880,565 899,057 

 Financial Management Improvement Initiative 688,148 1,720,370 1,756,498 

 E-Gov Presidential Initiatives 4,020,443 3,848,409 3,929,226 

 E-Gov Presidential Initiatives HSPD12 5,025,123 4,329,334 4,420,250 

 E-Gov Presidential Initiatives - Content Mgt 450,737 516,111 526,949 

 E-Gov Enablers Cyber Security 548,110 548,110 559,620 

FY 2008 FY 2009 FY 2010 

Special Exhibits 14-74 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Actual Estimate Request*

 Enterprise Network Messaging 1,836,905 1,836,905 1,875,480 

 USDA Enterprise Contingency Planning Program (formerly 

LDRPS) 

302,785 302,785 309,143 

 USDA IT Infrastructure 1,032,222 1,032,222 1,053,899 

Total, Reimbursable Programs 19,247,250 19,408,911 19,816,499 

 

TOTAL GREENBOOK 122,598,709 119,556,338 122,067,022 

*FY 2010 Request is an estimate based upon the non-pay inflation increase of 2.1%. 

Special Exhibits 14-75 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

GREENBOOK ACTIVITIES

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

General Service Administration (GSA) 

Space – Agency 

Provides for the payment of rental to 

GSA for agency space, which is paid 

from agency funds. 

User percentages are based on 

occupied agency space which is not 

covered by the Departmental SLUC 

Appropriation. 

DHS GSA Building Security - Agency Provides for the payment of security to 

DHS for non-appropriated funded 

agency security, which is paid from 

agency funds. 

User Cost Estimates are based on 

security not covered in the central 

(Departmental) appropriation for 

security. 

U.S. Postal Service Mail Provides reimbursement to the U.S. 

Postal Service (USPS) for mailing 

services provided to USDA agencies. 

User percentages are based on prior 

year usage. Adjustments are made 

prior to the end of the fiscal year, 

based on direct accountability, i.e., 

metered costs, sampling and 

anticipated increases in postal rates. 

Unemployment Compensation Provides reimbursement to the 

Department of Labor (DOL) 

unemployment trust fund for payment 

made to unemployed former USDA 

employees. 

User percentages are based on 

reconciled agency charges for the 

previous fiscal year. 

Worker’s Compensation Program Provides reimbursement to DOL 

unemployment trust fund for payment 

made to unemployed former USDA 

employees. 

Distribution is based on reconciled 

agency cases and dollars. 

National Archives Records System Effective in FY 2001, the National 

Archives became a fee-for-service 

records center. Each agency is assessed 

for costs associated with records in 

storage plus an additional amount for 

those Departmental staff offices that 

store agency records as a part of their 

function. 

Distribution is based on each 

agency’s volume of records stored, 

plus a percentage of Departmentwide records stored based on nationwide FTEs. 

OPM Federal Employment and 

Administrative Law Judges Service 

This program reimburses OPM for 

Federal Employment Services and 

information provided to USDA 

Agencies. 

Distribution is based on FY 2003 

nation-wide FTEs of each agency. 

Government-wide Council Activities Reimburses GSA for projects of the 

Chief Financial Officers Council, Chief 

Information Officers Council, and 

Procurement Executive Council. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

USDA Tribal Liaison Program provides for travel for the 

national program director, support for an 

intern or other personnel, and other 

related programs. An update of the 

guide to USDA Programs for Native 

Americans was completed in 2005. 

Started in 2004. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Special Exhibits 14-76 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

GREENBOOK ACTIVITIES

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

Faith-Based Initiatives Provides for Department level oversight 

of the USDA implementation efforts in 

this area and to support the White House 

Office of Faith-Based and Community 

Initiatives regional outreach 

conferences. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Advisory Committee Liaison Services The immediate Office of the Secretary 

provides guidance and direction to 

USDA agencies on Advisory 

Committees and Boards. Costs to 

support this function and 

screening/selection of members are 

reimbursed from agencies to the Office 

of the Secretary. 

Costs are distributed on the basis of 

the number of advisory committees in 

each agency. 

Hispanic Association of Colleges and 

Universities 

A program to foster educational 

excellence in the Hispanic community 

and to promote Hispanic participation in 

fulfilling the USDA mission. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

1890 USDA Initiative Supports White House initiatives on 

Historically Black Colleges and 

Universities and USDA 1890 

institutions (Land Grant colleges and 

universities). USDA maintains an 

agricultural liaison office at each of the 

17 1890 campuses, including Tuskegee 

University. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

American Indian Higher Education 

Consortium 

Promotes, fosters, and encourages 

implementing programs for improving 

post-secondary and higher education 

opportunities for America Indians, and 

establishing information centers for 

post-secondary and higher education 

institutions. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Diversity Council This program supports the following: 

Hispanic Advisory Council, Secretary’s 

Advisory Council on Employees with 

Disabilities, Asian-Americans and 

Pacific Islanders Group, Native 

Americans Group, Women’s Group, 

Gays and Lesbians Group. These groups 

provide the Secretary with ongoing 

advice on matters that affect their 

respective communities. 

Distribution is based on the current 

year’s nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Visitors Center The Visitors Center is a showcase for 

USDA programs and initiatives. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment in 

each agency. 

Honor Awards This program is designed to recognize 

significant accomplishments of USDA 

employees through the Departments 

highest honor awards program. 

Distribution is based on the current 

year’s nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Special Exhibits 14-77 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

GREENBOOK ACTIVITIES

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

Target Center Supports the Departments workforce 

diversity and Federal Workforce 2001 

policies; provides information on 

technologies to ensure equal access to 

electronic technologies and automated 

systems essential to today’s jobs for 

people with visual, hearing, speech, 

mobility, or dexterity impairments. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Drug Testing Program This program is mandated be Executive 

Order 12564 and PL 102-143. Its 

purpose is to help ensure a drug free 

work place with programs such as: 

random, reasonable suspicion, post 

accident, volunteer and applicant 

testing. 

Distribution is based on each 

agencies percentage of the actual 

costs and a minimum charge of $50 

for all other agencies. 

Sign Language Interpreter Services Provides interpretive services for 

Departmental programs and USDA 

agencies. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nation wide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Agency-specific services will be 

billed directly to serviced agencies. 

Sign Language Interpreter Agency 

Specific Services 

The Sign Language Interpretation 

program provided sign language 

interpretation services for the hearing 

impaired. Services are provided so that 

hearing impaired employees and visitor 

can communicate in the workplace. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Emergency Operations Center Provides highly trained and secure 

emergency operations capability on a 

24/7 basis. As the entry point for 

Homeland Security and emergency 

disaster response information received 

by the Dept, the Center operates newly 

developed or enhanced critical 

communications and coordination 

systems. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE employment in 

each agency. 

Labor and Employee Relations Case 

Tracking and Reporting Systems 

Labor and Employee Relations Case 

Tracking and Reporting System 

(LERACTRS) are the Departments 

enterprise web-based tracking system 

for employee and labor relations cases 

occurring within USDA. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Continuity of Operations Planning The Continuity of Operations Planning 

Division within the Office of 

Procurement and Property Management, 

Departmental Administration, is 

responsible for ensuring USDA 

complies with the requirements of 

Executive Order 12656. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Special Exhibits 14-78 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

GREENBOOK ACTIVITIES

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

Personnel and Document Security Responsible for ensuring the proper 

protection of classified national security 

information through the adjudicative 

process of personnel clearances; proper 

handling, storage and transmission of 

classified information. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Federal Biobased Products Preferred 

Procurement Program 

This program was initiated to increase 

the awareness and understanding of 

biobased products: how we can use 

them within USDA; how they can be 

used by clients/customers across the 

country. Projects included increased 

marketing, developing a website and 

establishing a resource center open to 

federal agencies as well as the public. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Radiation Safety The Radiation Safety is responsible for 

administering the USDA radiation 

safety program including ensuring 

compliance with the licenses issued by 

the Nuclear Regulatory Commission 

(NRC) for use of radioactive materials 

in research and other programs. Six 

agencies use radioactive materials that 

require radiation safety overnight. 

Distribution is based on usage of 

radioactive materials by agency 

personnel. 

Self Service Dashboard and Retirement 

Processor Web Applications 

This reimbursable program is a secure 

Department-wide web based system, 

which among other functions, captures 

service history, deposit/redeposit 

information, etc. FRB enables 

employees to fill out the appropriate 

forms online. It enables HR offices to 

calculate annuity estimates on demand. 

Distribution is based on current fiscal 

year nationwide FTE ceiling 

employment in each agency. 

Pre-authorized Funding This program provides a funding 

mechanism for reimbursable activities 

with costs less than or equal to $100,000 

involving other Federal departments and 

USDA. 

Distribution is based on the current 

year nationwide FTE employment 

ceilings for each USDA agency. 

Financial Management Improvement 

Initiative 

Financial Management Modernization 

Initiative (FMMI) Core System. The 

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 

is in the initial stages of procuring a new 

Core Financial Management System 

through the Financial Management 

Modernization Initiative (FMMI). 

The billing algorithm for the FMMI 

is a 50/50 blend of the current year 

Nation-wide FTEs and Agency DME 

(Development, Modernization and 

Enhancement) Budgets. 

E-Gov Presidential Initiatives To Improve IT planning through the 

expansion of electronic government to 

deliver significant productivity and 

performance gains across all federal 

departments. 

Distribution is based on 50% of 

agency full-time equivalents (FTEs) 

and 50% of the agency IT 

development, modernization, and 

enhancement (DME) spending. 

Special Exhibits 14-79 
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA Forest Service

Special Exhibits 14-80 

GREENBOOK ACTIVITIES

Central Cost Distribution Programs 

Activity Description Cost Distribution 

E-Gov Presidential Initiatives HSPD12 Mandates the establishment of a new 

standard for credentialing federal 

government employees and contractors. 

Distribution is based on 100% of 

agency full-time equivalents (FTEs). 

In FY 2006 the cost Distribution was 

based on a 50/50 blend of nationwide 

FTEs and Agency Development, 

Modernization and Enhancement It 

investment budgets submitted as part 

of the Exhibit 53 submission to 

OCIO. 

E-Gov Presidential Initiatives – 

Content Mgt 

Content Management Services comprise 

a suite of three related modules that 

utilize and rely upon the core 

components of USDAs corporate 

document management infrastructure, 

Stellent, Oracle, and Web Sphere. The 

Content Analysis Module (CAM) is 

designed to analyze and display content 

such as public comments regarding an 

issue or proposal. 

Distribution is based on 50% of 

agency full-time equivalents (FTEs) 

and 50% of the agency IT 

development, modernization, and 

enhancement (DME) spending. 

E-Gov Enablers Cyber Security 

Enterprise Network Messaging 

USDA Enterprise Contingency 

Planning Program (formerly LSDRPS) 

A tool used to compile Continuity of 

Operations (COOP) Plans, IT 

Contingency Plans, and Facilities 

Contingency Plans relating to recovery 

of vital business functions in the event 

of an incident or disaster. 

Distribution is based on services 

provided to business owners and 

supporting IT systems. 

USDA IT Infrastructure 
Forest Service Budget Authorities

Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 577h This Act authorizes appropriations for purchase and condemnation of lands in northe

Act of June 22, 1948, as amended

Minnesota

16 USC 555 This Act authorizes the purchase of land for administrative sites when no suitable Act of March 3, 1925, as amended

Government land is available. Appropriated funds must be available for the purpose fthe land is to be used. This authority is subject to an annual, service-wide limitation o$50,000.

16USC 501 This Act provides for 10 percent of forest receipts to be used for roads and trails. Ge

Act of March 4, 1913

Provisions of the Interior and Related Agencies’ Appropriation Acts authorize the use funds to repair or reconstruct roads, bridges, and trails without regard to the State in wamounts were derived.

16 USC 501 This Act, commonly known as “Ten-percent Roads and Trails”, authorizes 10 percen

Act of March 4, 1913, as amended

moneys received from the national forests during each fiscal year shall be available to expended for the construction and maintenance of roads and trails within the nationain the States from which such proceeds are derived. Annual appropriation Acts have amended this Act to allow the Secretary of Agriculture to expend funds without regarState in which the amounts were derived.

7 USC 2269 This Act authorizes the acceptance of donations of land or interests in land. 

Act of October 10, 1978Agriculture Grants and Powers Act of 1965, as amended

7 USC 2250a Provides authority to erect buildings and other structures on nonfederal land, if a long

lease on the land is obtained. For this section, long-term lease is defined as the estimof or need for the structure. This Act also includes authority to enter into a long-term nonfederal land.

 FY 2010 Budget Justification 

Budget Authorities 15-1
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Agriculture Grants and Powers Act of 1965, as amended

7 USC 450i Provides authority to make competitive grants to institutions that meet the select crite

U.S.C. 450i, including special grants and grants for facility renovation and refurbishmfurther the programs of the Department of Agriculture.

Anderson-Mansfield Reforestation and Revegetation Act of 1949

16 USC 581j-k This Act authorizes appropriations as needed to provide for reasonable continuity of 

reforestation and vegetation programs.

Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, a.k.a National Forest System Drug Control Act of 1986

16 USC 559 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to prevent and control drug abuse in 

National Forest System, including using investigative powers beyond the exterior bouof National Forest System lands to do so.

Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979

P.L. 95-96 This Act authorizes use of appropriated funds for the preseration and protection of hi

and archaeological resources.

Arizona National Forest Improvement Act of 2000

P.L. 106-458 A bill to authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to convey certain administrative sites 

national forests in the State of Arizona, to convey certain land to the City of Sedona, for a wastewater treatment facility, and for other purposes.

Budget Authorities 15-2
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

7 USC 110-111 Sections 31 and 32 Act authorizes and directs the Secretary of Agriculture to develop 

Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of 1937

program of land conservation and land utilization, in order thereby to correct maladjuin land use, and thus assist in controlling soil erosion, reforestation, preserving naturaresources, and to cooperate with Federal, State, territorial, and other public agencies idevelopment and implementation of plans. This Act also provides authority to dispoexchange, land acquired for the land utilization and conservation program, including exchange of National Forest System lands that have Bankhead-Jones Title III status aFederal lands in National Grasslands. Section 32 also gives the Secretary of Agricultauthority to make such rules and regulations deemed necessary to regulate the use anoccupancy of the property acquired by, or transferred to, the Secretary under or for thpurposes of the Bankhead-Jones Act; which includes for example, protection and preof the soil and natural resources, and protection of the watersheds of navigable streamAct authorizes the transfer of lands acquired under the Act to other Federal, State, or Territorial agencies subject to a public reverter provision.

P.L. 106-526 A bill to authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange all or part of certai

Bend Pine Nursery Land Conveyance Act

administrative sites and other National Forest System land in the State of Oregon and proceeds derived from the sale or exchange for National Forest System purposes.

Black Hills National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station Improvement Act

P.L. 106-329 To authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange all or part of certain 

administrative sites and other land in the Black Hills National Forest and to use fundfrom the sale or exchange to acquire replacement sites and to acquire or construct administrative improvements in connection with the Black Hills National Forest.

P.L. 106-291 Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange the Boise (Idaho) laborato

Boise Laboratory Replacement Act of 2000

(laboratory) site (as defined by this Act), and use the resultant funds to acquire land afacilities to: (1) co-locate the laboratory with one of the Boise-area State institutions olearning; (2) replace other laboratory functions; and (3) acquire other land or interestIdaho.

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Act of 1978

P.L. 95-495 Authorizes funding to acquire land and water within the designated wilderness. Also

of June 22, 1948, as amended (16 U.S.C. 577h), cited in paragraph 3.

Budget Authorities 15-3
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Act of 1978

P.L. 95-495 Section 18(e) authorizes the construction of dispersed recreation sites and trails outsi

Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness.

Burton-Santini Lake Tahoe Basin Act of December 23, 1980

P.L. 96-586 Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture, with the concurrence of the Tahoe Regional 

Agency, to acquire specified unimproved, environmentally sensitive land to be adminas part of the United States National Forest System or, if unsuitable for administratiosuch, to be transferred to a unit of State or local government with specified restrictionPermits the acquisition of specified portions of the Lake Tahoe Basin.

Burton-Santini Lake Tahoe Basin Act of December 23, 1980

P.L. 96-586 Section 2(g) of this Act authorizes payments to localities for water pollution control, 

erosion mitigation, or land acquisition by local government authorities within the Lak

Basin. Authorization is 15 percent of the Land and Water Conservation Fund appropin accordance with section 3 of the Act for Lake Tahoe Basin land acquisitions each This authority expires when all Clark County, Nevada, land specified in the Act is soU.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management.

43 USC 1241-1243 This Act authorizes use of noxious plant control funds reimburse States for such activ

Carlson-Foley Act of 1968

Fedreal land.

Coconino and Tonto National Forest Land Exchange Act

P.L. 108-190 Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to convey to certain private land owners specified 

the Tonto National Forest in exchange for the conveyance by such land owners of cerlands adjacent to the Montezuma Castle National Monument and certain lands within Coconino National Forest. Requires that the values of Federal and non-Federal lands equalized.

Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area Act of 1986

16 USC 544g Sections 9 and 16a of the Act authorizes land acquisition within the Columbia River 

National Scenic Area.

Budget Authorities 15-4
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area Act of November 17, 1986

P.L. 99-663 16 USC 544 Establishes the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area in Washington and Oreg

Designates special management and urban areas within such scenic area. Permits minrevisions in such areas, as specified. Directs the Secretary to administer the Federal lawithin the special management areas according to forest and multiple-use managemeregulations applicable to the national forests. Requires the Secretary to develop land udesignations within such areas within three years, a resource inventory within one yerecreation assessment within two years. Authorizes the Secretary to acquire non-Fedewithin such special management areas. Requires the Secretary to report periodically tappropriate congressional committee on the status of land acquisitions. Limits the useminent domain in acquiring such lands. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants to eState for grants and loans for economic development in counties which have adopted conforming land use ordinances. Sets forth other terms and restrictions. Directs the Sto provide technical assistance to counties to develop land use ordinances under this forth terms and restrictions on the provision of such assistance. Allocates timber recespecial management area funds. Directs the Secretary to make payments to local goveto compensate for lost real property taxes from federally acquired lands. Sets forth limon other Federal expenditures in such area.

P.L. 106-206 The Act of May 26, 2000 (Pub. L. 106-206) authorizes retention of fees collected for Commercial Filming

commercial filming and photography land use authorizations and the obligation of thfor the maintenance of the filming site.

Commercial Spectrum Enhancement Act, December 2004

P.L. 108-494 Title II of this Act created the Spectrum Relocation Fund (SRF) to provide a centraliz

streamlined funding mechanism through which Federal agencies can recover the costassociated with relocating their radio communications systems from certain spectrum which were authorized to be auctioned for commercial purposes.

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compenation and Liablility Act of 19080

26 USC 4611-4682 The 1980 statute authorized, through 1985, the collection of taxes on crude oil and pe

products, certain chemicals, and hazardous wastes. It also established liability to the UGovernment for damage to natural resources over which the U.S. has sovereign rights U.S.C. 9607(f)(1)] and requires the President to designate Federal officials to act as tfor natural resources. Use of Superfund monies to conduct natural resource damage assessments was provided in section 11(c)(1) [42 U.S.C. 9611 (c)(1)].

Comptroller General Decision B-215842, dated June 25, 1986, (65 Comp.Gen.666)

In accordance with this Comptroller General Decision , Job Corps reimbursable authorestricted to the activities of collections from non-students for meals in the students’ hall and collections from students for lost and/or damaged tools and clothing.

Budget Authorities 15-5
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

P.L. 110-161 This Act authorized a major, new strategic effort to repair roads and trails in environm

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2008

sensitive areas, roads and trails damaged by recent storms, and roads which may harm community water systems.

Consolidated Appropriations Resolution FY 2003 and Subsequent Appropriations Acts

P.L. 108-7 and 108-108

(Title II) This Resolution authorizes financial, technical, and related assistance for Stmanagement of invasive or noxious plants on non-Federal lands (117 Stat. 250), and restoration and rehabilitation of National Forest System lands damaged by forest pestpathogens (insects and diseases). Also, authorizes the use of Forest Service funds for interactions with and providing technical assistance to rural communities for sustainadevelopment purposes (117 Stat. 256).

Coomon Varieties of Mineral Materials Act of 1947, as amended

30 USC 601-602 This Act provides authority to: (a) dispose of mineral material and (b) approve and is

permits to explore and develop oil and gas leases.

Budget Authorities 15-6
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978, as amended

16 USC 2101-2114 a. Authorizes cooperation and assistance to non-Federal forest landowners and comm

in rural forest management, urban and community forest management, production of and other forest resources, insect and disease control, rural fire prevention and contromanagement and planning assistance, and technology implementation (sec. 3 of the Ac. Establishes a forest stewardship program to assist nonindustrial private forest landto more actively manage their forest resources by utilizing the services of existing proexpertise and assistance programs; including assistance to State foresters for this purpauthorizes $25,000,000 annually for fiscal years 1991 through 1995, and such sums anecessary thereafter (16 U.S.C. 2103b) (sec. 5 of the Act). d. Establishes a forest legacy program and the acquisition of land, including conserveasements and rights of public access, to ascertain and protect environmentally imporforest areas threatened by conversion to nonforest uses. Pub. L. 104-127 amended thCooperative Forestry Assistance Act by authorizing grants to States (16 U.S.C. 2103cof the Act).e. Authorizes a forest health protection program to protect trees and forests from inseinfestations, diseases, and man-made stresses; directly on National Forest System lancooperation with others on other lands in the United States. This work includes monthe health of forest lands of the United States. Also, authorizes cost share assistance subdivisions of States, or other entities on non-Federal lands, to implement an integramanagement strategy; authorizes $10,000,000 for integrated pest management, and sas may be necessary for other activities (16 U.S.C. 2104) (sec. 8 of the Act).f. Authorizes an urban and community forest resources education and technical assisprogram; a competitive challenge cost-share program for urban and community foresprojects; a Forestry Advisory Council (NUCFAC); and an urban and community tree and forest management program; authorizes $30,000,000 a year from 1991 to 1995, asums as may be necessary thereafter (16 U.S.C. 2105) (sec. 9 of the Act). g. Authorizes financial, technical, and related assistance to State Foresters and throuto other agencies and individuals, including rural volunteer fire departments, to condupreparedness and mobilization activities; authorizes $70,000,000 annually (16 U.S.C(sec. 10 of the Act).h. Authorizes cooperative management with State Foresters and equivalent State offirelated to wildfire threats and establishes the Community and Private Land Fire AssisProgram; authorizes $35,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007, and sucas may be necessary thereafter (16 U.S.C. 2106c) (sec. 10a of the Act).i. Authorizes management assistance, planning assistance, and technology implemenwith State Foresters or equivalent State officials (16 U.S.C. 2107) (sec. 11 of the Actj. Authorizes consolidated payments to State Foresters (16 U.S.C. 2108) (sec.12 of thk. Authorizes Federal and State coordinating committees to advise on State and privforestry issues (16 U.S.C. 2113)

Budget Authorities 15-7
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 498 The Act grants Federal Agencies to maintain wildland fire protection organizations fo

Cooperative Funds Act of June 30, 1914

protection of federal lands and for the States to assist local fire departments in maintawildland fire protection resources for the protection of State and privately owned landStructure and dump fire protection, which are the responsibility of local fire departmeindependent of this agreement.

P.L. 95-313 Authorizes cooperation for fire protection for public Cooperative Funds and Deposits Act good and where there is mutual b

other than monetary consideration.

Department of Agriculture Grants and Powers Act of 1965

7 USC 2250a Section 1 authorizes the erection of buildings and other structures on nonfederal land

long-term lease and right-to-remove, and authorizes the use of appropriations for expnecessary to acquire long-term lease.

Department of Agriculture Grants and Powers Act of 1965, as amended

7 USC 2250a This Act provides that appropriations and funds available to the Department of Agric

shall be available for expenses in connection with acquiring the right to use land for spurposes under long-term lease or other agreement.

Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944

 7 USC 2250 Provides authority to erect, alter, and repair buildings necessary to carry out authorize

Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944

7 USC 2250 Section 703 authorizes the erection, alteration, and repair of buildings and other 

improvements on Federal land that are necessary to conduct authorized work, provideprovision is made in applicable appropriations.

Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944, as amended

16 USC 579a Authorizes the Forest Service, by contract or otherwise, to provide for procurement an

operation of aerial facilities and services for the protection and management of the naforests and other lands administered by the agency.

Budget Authorities 15-8
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1956

7 USC 428a This Act authorizes the acquisition of land by purchase, exchange, or other means, to 

out authorized work, provided that provision is made in applicable appropriations. Tone of the primary authorities for acquisition of lands with Land and Water ConservaFund moneys.

Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1956

7 USC 428a Section 11 for the Act provides authority for acquisition of land to carry out authoriz

if provided for in appropriation acts. See also FSM 5420.11d and FSM 2470.1, parag

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act

P.L. 100-446 These appropriation acts established the Rural Development Program. The program i

the Catalog of federal Domestic Assistance, No. 10.672, Rural Development, Forestry Communities

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 1993

P.L. 102-381 Starting in FY 1993, the Administrative or General Provisions language allows emplo

interact with and provide technical assistance to rural communities for sustainable rudevelopment outside the boundaries of National Forest System lands.

16 USC 1132 Sections 6 and 9 authorize the acquisition, exchange, and donation of land for inclusi

Eastern Wilderness Act of 1975

Eastern Wilderness system.

16 USC 1534 Sections 5 and 15 authorize the acquisition of land to protect threatened and endange

Endangered Species Act of 1973

species

P.L. 109-58 This Act authorizes Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to use a portion of receipts 

Energy Policy Act of 2005

from mineral lease rentals to finance the Pilot Project activities at seven offices: RawBuffalo, WY; and Miles City, MT; Farmington and Carlsbad, NM; Grand Junction/Glenwood Springs, Co; and Venal, UT.

Budget Authorities 15-9
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Executive Order 12580, January 23, 1987 Entitles "Superfund Implementation" that delegates to a

number of Federal departments and agencies theauthority and responsibility to implement certainprovisions of CERCLA. The policies and proceduresfor implementing these provisions (e.g.,carrying outresponse actions and fulfilling natural resourcetrusteeship responsibilities) are spelled out in the NCP.

Federal Land Exchange Facilitation Act of 1988

43 USC 1716 Section 4 of this Act authorizes appropriations to consider, process, and consummate 

exchanges pursuant to the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 US

43 USC 2301 This Act authorizes the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to sell parcels of public 

'Federal Land Transaction Facilitation Act

regarded as “in –holdings” to reduce land management costs and fragmentation. Thiauthority expires in the year 2010 at which time any unobligated funds will be added existing Land and Water Conservation Fund.

Federal Water Project Recreation Act, 1965, as amended

16 USC 1271-1287 The Act has provided up to 50 percent of the costs of recreation facility development 

certain reservoirs when a non-Federal entity entered into an agreement to provide the remaining development funds; to pay all of the costs of operations, maintenance, and replacement (OM&R); and to manage the area for public recreational use. For reservconstructed before 1965, the Federal contribution for the development of recreation fwas limited to $100,000 for each reservoir.

Fire Protection Agreements - Mutual Aid - Agencies

42 USC 1856a-d Authorizes agreements between agencies of the United States Government and other 

agencies, including State and local entities and instrumentalities for mutual aid in fire protection.

Fiscal Year 1995 Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Assistance and Rescissions Act

P.L. 104-19 Section 2001(k) of this Act released certain timber sales that had been suspended leg

various environmental reasons. These timber sales are referred to as first generation sunder the Timber Sale Pipeline Restoration program.

Budget Authorities 15-10
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

112 Stat. 297-298 Fiscal Year 1999 Appropriations ActSection 343

The Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to manage and operate the Institute oHardwood Technology Transfer and Applied Research (Institute), to generate revenueaccept gifts and donations that further the goals of the Institute as stated in the Act.

Florida National Forest Land Management Act

P.L. 108-152 Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange specified land in Florida. 

the concurrence of the Secretary of the Air Force with respect to the sale or exchange certain parcels of such land.

7 USC 3318-3319d designates the U.S. Department of Agriculture as the lead agency of the Federal Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 gove

for agricultural research, extension, and teaching. It also removes restrictions on the cooperative agreements with universities and permits cost reimbursable agreements wcooperating institutions without competition.

7 U.S.C 3291 Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to engage in international agricultural researc

Food and Agriculture Act of 1977

extension, including to " ... assist the Agency for International Development with agrresearch and extension programs in developing countries".

P.L. 99-198 16 USC 3842 A bill to extend and revise agricultural price support and related programs, to provide 

Food Security Act of 1985

agricultural export, resource conservation, farm credit, and agricultural research and rprograms, to continue food assistance to low-income persons, to ensure consumers an abundance of food and fiber at reasonable prices, and for other purposes.

Budget Authorities 15-11
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

7 USC 1421 a. Authorizes continuation of the Modern Timber Bridge Initiative on a cost share ba

modern bridge technology transfer projects, conferences, and the construction of bridb. Authorizes a grant to a State for the establishment of a Southern Forest RegeneratCenter for the study of forest regeneration problems and forest productivity in the souc. Authorizes establishment of the Semiarid Agroforestry Research, Development, anDemonstration Center at The National Agroforestry Center (also called Forestry ScienLaboratory) in Lincoln, Nebraska, to: (1) Conduct research, investigations, studies, and surveys of agroforestry systems anpractices.(2) Collect and disseminate information and promote the use of agroforestry conservtechnologies and practices.d. Authorizes establishment of a research and demonstration program for the forests rangelands of Oregon and Washington east of the Cascades Crest in consultation and cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies, universities, and the private sectoEstablishes an advisory committee to assist in the formulation of implementation planprogram.e. Authorizes establishment of an International Forest Products Trade Institute to inccompetitive position of forest industries of the northeastern United States as major prof international forest products.f. Provides authority to: (1) Conduct studies on the emissions of methane, nitrous oxide, and hydrocarbons frtropical and temperate forests and the manner in which they may affect global climat(2) Establish an Office of International Forestry within the Forest Service.(3) Establish an International Institute of Tropical Forestry and an Institute of Pacific Forestry to conduct research including management and development of tropical fore(4) Establish biomass energy demonstration projects.(5) Negotiate an interagency cooperative agreement with the Department of Defense maximize biomass growth.

Budget Authorities 15-12
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

P.L. 101-624 (16 USC 2106; 7 

USC 6601; 7USC 6611-6617)

(Title XII, Subtitle B, Chapter 2, section 1241 (Research and Utilization), section 124(Forest Land Protection), Subtitle C (America the Beautiful Act of 1990), Subtitle D (Miscellaneous Provisions); and Title XXIII, Subtitle G, chapter 2 (National Forest-DRural Communities Economic Diversification Act of 1990, amended by Pub. L. 103-which changes the definition of rural communities for eligibility for economic recovea. Section 1241 authorizes the Modern Timber Bridge Initiative, with an authorizatio$5,000,000 annually.b. Section 1271 authorizes assistance to landowners who suffer destruction of 35 permore of a commercial tree stand due to damaging weather, related condition, or wildfU.S.C. 2106a). c. Section 2371 authorizes the establishment of and economic development and globmarketing program (7 U.S.C 6601). Activities include: (1) transfer technologies to nresource-based industries in the United States to make such industries more efficient, productive, and competitive; (2) assist businesses to identify global marketing opportconduct business on and international basis, and market themselves more effectively; train local leaders in strategic community economic development. The Healthy ForesInitiative amended section 2371 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade A1990 (7 U.S.C. 6601) by adding a new program called, “Rural Revitalization Technowhich provides for the accelerated adoption of technologies using biomass and smallmaterials; creates community-based enterprises through marketing activities and demonstration projects; and establishes small-scale business enterprises to make use biomass and small-diameter materials.d. Sections 2372-2379 authorize assistance to rural communities in or near national establishment of rural forestry and economic diversification action teams; and loans teconomically disadvantaged rural communities (7 U.S.C. 6611-6617). Section 2379 authorizes appropriations of an amount not to exceed 5 percent of receipts from sales timber and other forest products and user fees, plus additional sums as necessary, as pin appropriations acts.

P.L. 110-234 7 USC 1308 (Title VIII) Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

a. Authorize support (including cooperation, and financial and technical assistance wreimbursement) for international forestry and related natural resource activities outsidUnited States and its territories and possessions with a focus on those countries that chave a substantial impact on emissions of greenhouse gases related to global warmingb. Authorize support of the Tropical Forestry Action Plan and activities specifically addressing tropical deforestation and degradation.c. Authorize the Institutes of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico and in the Pacific Island. Authorizes appropriations for Office of International Forestry through 2012

Budget Authorities 15-13
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

P.L. 110-246 Title XIII (Forestry) Subtitle A, Amendments to the Cooperative Forestry Assistance 

Food, Conservation, and Evergy Act of 2008

1978a.) Long-term State-Wide Assessments and Strategies for Forest Resources (Section 8requires states to conduct assessments for their state forest resources in order to receivthrough the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (CFAA). Authorizes approup to $10,000,000 for each fiscal year 2008 through 2012. In addition, authorizes thSecretary to use other funds available for planning under the CFAA, for a combined tto exceed 10,000,000 in any fiscal year.b) Community Forest and Open Space Conservation Program (Section 8002) – estabprogram to provide federal matching grants to help local government, tribes, or NGOprivate forests that are threatened by conversion to non-forest uses. Properties acquirworking forests open to public access. Authorizes appropriations of such sums as nec)Competition in Programs under CFAA (Section 8007) – Allows for a portion of Cfunds, determined by the Secretary, to be competitively allocated to State Forestry agNo new authorization of appropriations.d)Cooperative Forestry Innovation Partnership Projects (Section 8008) – Allows the Secretary to competitively allocate up to 5% of CFAA funds for innovative educationoutreach, or technology transfer projects. Funds would be available to States, Tribes, governments, land-grant, or private entities with a 50% cost share. No new authorizaappropriations.Title XIV (Energy)e)Community Wood Energy (Section 9013) – establishes a grant program for state communities to plan, develop, and acquire community wood energy systems. Authorappropriations of up to $5 million/FY.Title X (Horticulture and Organic Agriculture)f)Pest and Disease Revolving Loan Fund (Section 10205) – establishes a revolving fund to provide low interest loans to local governments to finance purchases of authoequipment to monitor, remove, dispose of, and replace infested trees. Authorizes appropriations of such sums as are necessary.

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974, as amended

P.L. 93-378 16 USC 1601 Requires preparation of a renewable resource assessment, program plans, inventories

budget request, and update every 10 years; such sums as appropriated; no expiration 

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974, Section 10

16 USC 1608 This Act authorize the acquisition, construction, and maintenance of National Forest 

roads and trails; cooperation with States, counties, and other subdivisions; constructiroads by timber purchasers; and election by timber purchasers to have the Forest Servconstruct the roads.

Budget Authorities 15-14
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of August 17, 1974, as amended

16 USC 1600-1606 This Act states that the Secretary of Agriculture must shall provide an assesment that 

1) an analysis of present and anticipated uses, demand for, and supply of the renewabresources, with consideration of the international resource situation, and an emphasis pertinent supply and demand and price relationship trends; (2) an inventory, based on information developed by the Forest Service and otheagencies, of present and potential renewable resources, and an evaluation of opportunimproving their yield of tangible and intangible goods and services, together with estinvestment costs and direct and indirect returns to the Federal Government; (3) a description of Forest Service programs and responsibilities in research, cooperative programs and management of the National Forest System, their interrelatand the relationship of these programs and responsibilities to public and private activ (4) a discussion of important policy considerations, laws, regulations, and other expected to influence and affect significantly the use, ownership, and management of range, and other associated lands; and  (5) an analysis of the potential effects of global climate change on the condition renewable resources on the forests and rangelands of the United States; and (6) an analysis of the rural and urban forestry opportunities to mitigate the buildatmospheric carbon dioxide and reduce the risk of global climate change.

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978, as amended

16 USC 1643a Section 3 authorizes the construction and acquisition of research laboratories and fac

and the acquisition of necessary land.

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of June 30, 1978, as amended

16 USC 1600 - 1648

(1) To conduct, support, and cooperate in investigations, tests, and other activities neto obtain, analyze, develop, demonstrate, and disseminate scientific information abouprotecting, managing, and utilizing forest and rangeland renewable resources in ruralsuburban, and urban areas.(2) For competitive grants and advance of funds to cooperators and grantees.(3) For research encouraging improved reforestation of cutover lands.b. Authorizes development and implementation of improved methods of survey and of forest inventory information.c. Authorizes research studies and other activities deemed necessary to: (1) Evaluate renewable resource management problems associated with urban-forest interface. (2) Assess effects of changes in federal revenue codes on private forest management 

investment.(3) Develop improved delivery systems for information and technical assistance provprivate landowners.d. Authorizes an expanded wood fiber recycling research program.

Budget Authorities 15-15
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of June 30, 1978, as amended

P. L. 95-307 16 USC 1649 Authorizes establishment of a forestry student grant program for minority and female 

Forest Service Quarters Operations and Maintenance

5 USC 5911 This Act authorizes the collection of rental income from employees living in governm

residences. Such rents and charges shall be deposited in a special Treasury fund, to ravailable for obligation until expended, for maintenance and operation of quarters.

Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990

P.L. 101-624 (Title XXIV)

a. Authorize support (including cooperation, and financial and technical assistance wreimbursement) for international forestry and related natural resource activities outsidUnited States and its territories and possessions with a focus on those countries that chave a substantial impact on emissions of greenhouse gases related to global warmingb. Authorize support of the Tropical Forestry Action Plan and activities specifically addressing tropical deforestation and degradation.c. Authorize the Institutes of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico and in the Pacific Island. Authorizes appropriations for Office of Internatioin Forestry through 2012

16 USC 572a Authorizes assistance to perform work on other than Forest Service jurisdictions. 

Granger-Thye Act

16 USC 572 This Act authorizes cooperation with other parties to perform work for permittees, ag

Granger-Thye Act of April 24, 1950

organizations, and persons for work that the Forest Service is authorized to do, on lanUnited States.

Hardwood Technology Transfer and Applied Research

16 USC 1650 This Act establishes the Institute of Hardwood Technology Transfer and Applied Res

Princeton, West Virginia, previously named the Robert C. Byrd Hardwood Technologin West Virginia. Certain revenues shall be deposited into a special Treasury fund to available for obligation until expended.

Budget Authorities 15-16
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Hawaii Tropical Forestry Recovery Act of 1992

P.L. 102-574 16 USC 4505a, 

4503

This act grant authorities to the Secretary of Agriculture to treat invasive plants on Feand non-Federal ownerships in Hawaii and in tropical forests on Federal lands in othe

P.L. 108-148 This Act improves the capacity of the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct hazardous 

Healthy Forests and Restoration Act of 2003

reduction projects on National Forest System lands aimed at protecting communities, watersheds, and certain other at-risk lands from catastrophic wildfire, to enhance effoprotect watersheds and address threats to forest and rangeland health, including cataswildfire.

P.L. 108-148 This Act improves the capacity of the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct hazardous 

Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

reduction projects on National Forest System lands aimed at protecting communities, watersheds, and certain other at-risk lands from catastrophic wildfire; and also to enhefforts to protect watersheds and address threats to forest and rangeland health, includcatastrophic wildfire

P.L. 109-148 This Act improves the capacity of the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct hazardous 

Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

reduction projects on National Forest System lands aimed at protecting communities, watersheds, and certain other at-risk lands from catastrophic wildfire, to enhance effoprotect watersheds and address threats to forest and rangeland health, including cataswildfire.

P.L. 108-148 This Act improves the capacity of the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct hazardous 

Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

reduction projects on National Forest System lands aimed at protecting communities, watersheds, and certain other at-risk lands from catastrophic wildfire, to enhance effoprotect watersheds and address threats to forest and rangeland health, including cataswildfire

P.L. 108-148 An act to improve the capacity of the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of th

Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

to conduct hazardous fuels reduction projects on National Forest System lands and BLand Management lands aimed at protecting communities, watersheds, and certain orisk lands from catastrophic wildfire, to enhance efforts to protect watersheds and addthreats to forest and rangeland health, including catastrophic wildfire, across the landand for other purposes.

23 USC 205 This Act authorize the acquisition, construction, and maintenance of National Forest 

Highways Act of 1958

roads and trails; cooperation with States, counties, and other subdivisions; constructiroads by timber purchasers; and election by timber purchasers to have the Forest Servconstruct the roads.

Budget Authorities 15-17
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 470 This Act authorizes use of appropriated funds for the preseration and protection of hi

Historic Preservationa Act of 1966

and archaeological resources.

International Forestry Cooperation Act of 1990

P.L. 101-513 (Title VI)

a. Authorize support (including cooperation, and financial and technical assistance wreimbursement) for international forestry and related natural resource activities outsidUnited States and its territories and possessions with a focus on those countries that chave a substantial impact on emissions of greenhouse gases related to global warmingb. Authorize support of the Tropical Forestry Action Plan and activities specifically addressing tropical deforestation and degradation.c. Authorize the Institutes of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico and in the Pacific Island. Authorizes appropriations for Office of Internatioin Forestry through 2012

International Forestry Cooperation Act of 1990, as amended

16 USC 4501 a. Authorizes support (including cooperation, financial, and technical assistance, wit

reimbursement) for international forestry and related natural resource activities outsidUnited States, and its territories, and possessions, with a focus on those countries thahave a substantial impact on emissions of greenhouse gases related to global warmingb. Authorizes support of the Tropical Forestry Action Plan and activities specifically addressing tropical deforestation and degradation.c. Authorizes expansion of the capabilities of the International Institute of Tropical Fin Puerto Rico.

Knutson-Vandenberg Act of June 9, 1930, as amended

16 USC 576-576b This Act authorizes the use of collections from timber sale purchases for sale area 

improvement work, and for work anywhere within the region where the timber sale o

P.L. 106-506 This Act enables the Fores Service to plan an implement environmental restoration ac

Lake Tahoe Restoration Act

and forest management activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin, along with other Federal, local, regional, tribal, and private entities to improve water uality. Water quality activoccur on Federal lands as well as erosions and sediment control projects on non-Fedeif the projects benefit the Federal land. General categories of activities include: erosiosediment control; acquisition of environmentally sensitive land from willing sellers; wrisk reduction; cleaning up hydrocarbon contamination; and management of vehiculaand traffic in the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit.

Budget Authorities 15-18
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 555 Where no suitable Government land is available for national forest headquarters, rang

Land Acquisition Act of March 3, 1925

stations, dwellins, or for other sites required for the effective conduct of the authorizeactivities of the Forest Service, the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to purchase lands out of the appropriation applicable to the purpose for which the land is to be usaccept donations of land for any national forest or experimental purpose. This authorlimited to $50,000 per fiscal year.

16 USC 4601 This Act regulates admission and special recreation user fees at certain recreational a

Land and Water Conservation Fund Act

establishes a fund to subsidize state and federal acquisition of lands and waters for recreational and conservation purposes.

Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of September 3, 1964, as amended

16 USC 4601, section 4-11

This Act provides for deposit of funds for the acquisition of lands and interests for rethreatened and endangered species habitat, preservation of wetlands, and other purpo

Land Between the Lakes Protection Act of 1998

16 USC 460111-1 This Act authorizes the Forest Service to retain certain recreation revenue receipts fro

Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area, to be deposited into a special Trefund to be available for obligation until expended.

16 U.S.C. 582a McIntire-Stennis Act of 1962, as amendedand 582a-1-582a-7

Please see USC link for sections 581a-1 through 581a-8. Authorizes the Secretary oAgriculture to cooperate and assist State colleges and universities in forestry research matching funds basis.b. Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to make competitive grants to a State agriexperiment station, college, or university, research institution or organization, Federaprivate organization, or corporation with the demonstrable capacity to conduct forestnatural resource, and environmental research; and to update research facilities and eqavailable for this type of research.

Mississippi National Forest Improvement Act of 1999

H.R. 2466 Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange U.S. right, title, and intere

to specified lands in Mississippi. Makes proceeds from such sales or exchanges avail(1) the construction of a research laboratory and office at the Forest Service administsite at Mississippi State University at Starkville, Mississippi; (2) the acquisition, conor improvement of administrative facilities in connection with National Forest System the State; and (3) the acquisition of lands and interests in land for such units in the St

Budget Authorities 15-19
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

P. L. 94-588 16 USC 472a(i) Amends Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 and prov

National Forest Management Act of 1976

authority and requirements for the sale of timber on the National Forest System

16 USC 472a For the purpose of achieving the policies set forth in the Multiple-Use Sustained-Y

National Forest Management Act of 1976

of 1960 (16 U.S.C. 528-531) and the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources PlaAct of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1600 et seq.), the Secretary of Agriculture, under such rules aregulations as he may prescribe, may sell, at not less than appraised value, trees, porttrees, or forest products located on National Forest System lands.

16 USC 472a This Act authorize the acquisition, construction, and maintenance of National Forest 

National Forest Management Act of 1976

roads and trails; cooperation with States, counties, and other subdivisions; constructiroads by timber purchasers; and election by timber purchasers to have the Forest Servconstruct the roads.

National Forest Roads and Trails Act of 1964

16 USC 532-538 This Act authorize the acquisition, construction, and maintenance of National Forest 

roads and trails; cooperation with States, counties, and other subdivisions; constructiroads by timber purchasers; and election by timber purchasers to have the Forest Servconstruct the roads.

National Trails System Act of 1968, as amended

16 USC 1241-1251 Sections 7 and 10 provide the authority for land acquisition, exchange, and donation 

inclusion in the National Trails System.

National Trails System Act of 1968, as amended

16 USC 1241-1251 Sections 7 and 10 authorize the acquisition, exchange, and donation of land for the N

Trails System and for development, management, and volunteer assistance on the sys

Office of General Counsel Opinion dated December 13, 2002

This opinion states that timber sales under the Timber Pipeline Restoration program msales receipts for payments to States before net receipts are deposited into the Timber Pipeline Restoration Fund.

Budget Authorities 15-20
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

P.L. 103-66 This Act authorizes the Forest Service to retain 15 percent of certain recreation receip

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993

defray the costs of collecting those receipts.

Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997

P.L. 104-208 This Act authorized emergency appropriations for watershed and flood prevention an

emergency conservation programs required for disaster recovery from hurricanes Fran Hortense.

Omnibus Consolidated Rescissions and Appropriations Act of 1996, as amended

P.L. 104-134 This Act established a new account for Recreation Fee Demonstration program as a p

project allowing Federal agencies to increase admission and user fees at Federal recreareas and to retain the increased fees for use at the project level. The authority to colunder this section ends on September 30, 2004. The Act established new accounts, TSale Pipeline Restoration Funds, for the Departments of the Interior and Agriculture fdeposit of a portion of receipts from certain timber sales to be used for preparation of additional timber sales which are not funded by annual appropriations, and for the barecreation projects. The termination date is to be determined by the Secretaries undeprovisions of the Act.

Organic Administration Act of 1897, as amended

16 USC 551 Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to protect National Forests against destruction by 

depredations.

30 USC 185 Rights-of-way through any Federal lands may be granted by the Secretary of the Inter

Pipelines Act of 1920

appropriate agency head for pipeline purposes for the transportation of oil, natural gasynthetic liquid or gaseous fuels, or any refined product

Preservation of Historical and Archaeological Data Act of 1974

16 USC 469 This Act authorizes use of appropriated funds for the preseration and protection of hi

and archaeological resources.

Budget Authorities 15-21
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

7 U.S.C. 390 - Research Facilities Act of 1963, as amended390c

This Act authorizes support for agricultural research (including forestry) at eligible institutions through Federal grant funds, on a matching funds basis, to help finance pfacilities and equipment as required for the effective conduct of agricultural research related academic programs.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

P.L. 94-580 An Act to provide technical and financial assistance for the development of managem

plans and facilities for the recovery of energy and other resources from discarded matand for the safe disposal of discarded materials, and to regulate the management of hwaste. RCRA was last reauthorized by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments The amendments set deadlines for permit issuance, prohibited the land disposal of mof hazardous waste without prior treatment, required the use of specific technologies disposal facilities, and established a new program regulating underground storage tanauthorization for appropriations under this Act expired September 30, 1988, but fundthe Environmental Protection Agency's programs in this area has continued; the Act's authorities do not expire.

102 Stat. 1809 Annual appropriations acts in the 1980's authorized retention of excess timber receip

Resource Management Timber Receipts

national forest system programs.

Restoration of National Forest Lands and Improvements Act

16 USC 579c Any moneys received by the United States with respect to lands under the administra

the Forest Service (a) as a result of the forfeiture of a bond or deposit by a permittee opurchaser for failure to complete performance of improvement, protection, or rehabiliwork required under the permit or timber sale contract or (b) as a result of a judgmencompromise, or settlement of any claim, involving present or potential damage to lanimprovements, shall be deposited into the Treasury and are hereby appropriated and mavailable until expended to cover the cost to the United States of any improvement, protection, or rehabilitation work on lands under the administration of the Forest Servrendered necessary by the action which led to the forfeiture, judgment, compromise, settlement: Provided, That any portion of the moneys so received in excess of the amexpended in performing the work necessitated by the action which led to their receipt transferred to miscellaneous receipts.

Rogue River Conveyance and Improvement Act

P.L. 105-282 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to convey the administrative site for 

Rogue River National Forest and use the proceeds for the construction or improvemeoffices and support buildings for the Rogue River National Forest and the Bureau of Management.

Budget Authorities 15-22
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

San Bernardino National Forest Land Conveyance and Settlement

P.L. 106-434 To provide for the conveyance of a small parcel of public domain land in the San Ber

National Forest in the State of California, and for other purposes.

Secure Rural Schools and Community SelfDetermination Act of 2000 16 USC 500 This Act is related to the Act of May 23, 1908, and its Payments to States from the 25 

Fund. This Act provides choices to counties that include a guaranteed level of annuapayments and funding for specific projects.

16 USC 551a This Act authorizes cooperations with States and politicalsubdivisions in enforcemen

Sisk Act of 1971, as amended

and local laws on National Forest System lands, and reimbursement of States and polsubdivisoins for expenditures incurred in such activities.

16 USC 521 This Act authorizes the sale, exchange, or interchange of National Forest System land

Small tracts Act of January 12, 1983

forty acres or less and of $150,000 or less in value.

Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977

16 USC 2008 This Act authorizes cooperation in soil and water resource appraisal and conservation

provisions of this Act terminate on December 31, 2008 (16 U.S.C. 2009).

Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act

P.L. 105-263 This Act authorizes the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to sell parcels of public 

retain the sale proceeds for various work projects related to improving and managing public lands in Southern Nevada

Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act of 1998

P.L. 105-263 This Act authorizes proceeds from the sale of public lands in Southern Nevada to be 

acquire environmentally sensitive lands in the State of Nevada. Lands acquired that within the boundaries of a unit of the National Forest System, become part of that un

Budget Authorities 15-23
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 2104 Section 2104 as revised February 28, 2003, to reflect Section 323 of House Joint Res

Stewardship Projects

(Pub. L. 108-7) as enrolled, the Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, grants the FService authority until September 30, 2013, to enter into stewardship projects with prpersons or public or private entities, by contract or by agreement, to perform services achieve land management goals for the national forests or public lands that meet locarural community needs.

P.L. 109-138 This Act requires the conveyance of certain National Forest System lands at the Terry 

Terry Peak Land Transfer Act of 1999

Ski Area to the private ski area owners and to utilize the proceeds to acquire more delands for the United States for permanent public use and enjoyment.

Texas National Forests Improvement Act of 2000

P.L.106-330 To authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to convey certain administrative sites for N

Forest System lands in the State of Texas, to convey certain National Forest System lthe New Waverly Gulf Coast Trades Center, and for other purposes.

Budget Authorities 15-24
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

The 2000 Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act (H.R. 3423)

7 USC 2276 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program was added to the existing Food Security 

1985 , thus providing a legal basis for protecting the privacy of the data suppliers. Thprotections take the following form:a. Authorized Disclosure. In the case of information furnished under a provision of lreferred to in subsection (d), neither the Secretary of Agriculture, any other officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or agency thereof, nor any other person mthe following:(1) Use such information for a purpose other than the development or reporting of agdata in a manner such that the identity of the person who supplied such information idiscernible and is not material to the intended use of such information; or(2) Disclose such information to the public, unless such information has been transfointo statistical or aggregate form that does not allow the identification of the person wsupplied the information.b. Duty of Secretary; immunity from disclosure; necessary consent:(1) In carrying out a provision of law referred to in subsection (d), no department, agofficer, or employee of the Federal government, other than the Secretary of Agriculturequire a person to furnish a copy of statistical information provided to the DepartmeAgriculture.(2) A copy of such information:(a) Must be immune from mandatory disclosure of any type, including legal process; (b) Must not, without the consent of such person, be admitted as evidence or used fopurpose in any action, suit, or other judicial or administrative proceeding.c Violations; penalties. Any person who shall publish, cause to be published, or othepublicly release information collected pursuant to a provision of law referred to in sub(d), in any manner or for any purpose prohibited in section (a), may be fined not mor$10,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both.

16 USC 471h This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to cooperate with, and receive the The Act of July 4, 1968

cooperation of, public and private agencies and organizations and individuals in the development, administration, and operation of the Cradle of Forestry in western NortCarolina. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to accept contributions and gifts further the purposes of the Act.

16 USC 577g This Act, commonly known as “Payments to Minnesota Counties”, authorizes annual The Act of June 22, 1948, as amended

payments on a fiscal year basis to the State of Minnesota from any national forest recotherwise appropriated, an amount equivalent to three-quarters of 1 percent of the faiappraised value of certain national forest lands specified in the Act, situated in three Minnesota counties (sec. 61.2). Payments under the Act of May 23, 1908 (sec. 60.1, para. 1), shall not be applicable to the national forest land to which this Act applies.

Budget Authorities 15-25
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

16 USC 498 This Act authorizes the acceptance of contributions for cooperative work in forest The Act of June 30, 1914

investigations, protection, management, and improvement of the National Forest Sys

16 USC 1643 This Act authorizes the acceptance and use of donated funds for research activities. The Act of June 30, 197816 USC 693d This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to cooperate with, and receive the The Act of June 6, 1968

cooperation of, public and private agencies and organizations and individuals in the development, administration, and operation of the Robert S. Kerr Memorial ArboretuNature Center in the Ouachita National Forest in Arkansas. The Secretary of Agriculauthorized to accept contributions and gifts to further the purposes of the Act.

16 USC 500 This Act, commonly known as “Payments to States”, authorizes annual payments on 

The Act of May 23, 1908, as amended

year basis to States equal to 25 percent of revenues from the sale of goods and servicenational forests. States shall use these payments for schools and roads.

P.L. 100-638 This Act establishes the “Quinault Special Management Area” from part of the Olym

The Act of November 8, 1968

National Forest, and assigns responsibility to the Forest Service for managing its naturesources and distributing proceeds from the sale of forest products according to provthe Act.

7 USC 2269 This Act authorizes agencies within the U.S. Department of Agriculture to accept don

The Act of October 10, 1978

for non-research activities.

16 USC 1606a This Act establishes the Reforestation Trust Fund which receives monetary resources 

The Act of October 14, 1980, as amended

an annual warrant from Treasury, of monies received for certain customs duties and tThe trust fund balance is available for reforestation and other “treatment of acreage.” Act’s provisions give investment authority to the Forest Service for the trust fund bal

Budget Authorities 15-26
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980

16 USC 539d This Act authorized that receipts from oil, gas, timber, coal, and other natural resourc

collected by the Departments of Agriculture and the Interior were available to prepareand administer the timber sale program on the Tongass National Forest.

The Brush Disposal Act of August 11, 1916, as amended

16 USC 490 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to require purchasers of national fore

to deposit the estimated cost to dispose of brush and other debris resulting from their operations.

23 USC 120, 125, The Federal Highway Act, as amended205

This Act establishes the Federal Highway Trust Fund, managed by the Department of Transportation. Federal highway construction, maintenance, and other projects definAct are financed from the Federal Highway Trust Fund. The Department of Transportransfers these monies to the Forest Service for highway projects pertinent to NationaSystem lands.

16 USC 1609 This Act authorizes the conversion of Joliet Army Ammunition Plant to the Midewin 

The Illinois Land Conservation Act of 1995

Tallgrass Prairie. Further, certain revenue receipts from the Midewin National TallgrPrairie are authorized for deposit into a special Treasury fund to be available for obliguntil expended.

The Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965, as amended

16 USC 4601-6a This Act authorizes the Forest Service to collect recreation user fees, deposit those fe

special Treasury fund to be available for obligation until expended.

The Land Between the Lakes Protection Act of 1998

16 USC 460111 This Act transferred responsibility for the Land Between the Lakes National Recreati

from the Tennessee Valley Authority to the Secretary of Agriculture, to be managed aof the National Forest System. The Act established the Land Between the Lakes AdvBoard and the Land Between the Lakes Trust Fund. The Act’s provisions give investauthority to the Forest Service for the trust fund balance.

The National Forest Management Act of 1976

16 USC 472a Purchasers of salvage timber harvests shall deposit the timber sale price in a designat

Treasury fund from which money is available for obligation until expended.

Budget Authorities 15-27
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

The Roads and Trails Act of October 13, 1964

16 USC 532-537 This Act authorizes the construction of roads using cooperative financing from other 16 USC 580p-2 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to deposit all fees collected under reg

The Smokey Bear Act

promulgated by the Secretary relating to “Smokey Bear”, into a special Treasury accoavailable to further the nationwide forest fire prevention campaign. Most fees deposiunder this Act are royalty fees from Smokey Bear character-licensing collection agreewith merchandisers.

16 USC 698v This Act authorizes establishment of the Valles Caldera Fund. The Valles Caldera Preservation Act of 200016 USC 580p-3 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to deposit all use or royalty fees colle

The Woodsy Owl Act

the manufacture, reproduction, or use of the name or character “Woodsy Owl” and thassociated slogan, “Give a Hoot, Don’t Pollute”. The Secretary shall deposit all fees into a special Treasury account, to be available for obligation and expenditure for the of furthering the “Woodsy Owl” campaign to promote the wise use of the environmenprograms which foster maintenance and improvement of environmental quality.

Title III of the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of July 22, 1937, as amended

7 USC 1012 This Act authorizes annual payments on a calendar year basis to counties, equal to 25 

of net revenues received during the year (excluding receipts from the sale of land). Cshall use these payments for schools and/or roads. This Act pertains primarily to natigrasslands and land utilization projects.

16 USC 539d This Act established the Tongass Timber Supply Fund with related appropriations to 

Tongass Timber Reform Act of 1990

the consistent supply of saw timber from the Tongass National Forest to meet the annmarket demand as defined in the Act and to use wood products which might otherwisutilized.

U.S. Mining Laws Act of May 10, 1872, as amended

30 USC 22 and 28 This Act governs mining activities for valuable minerals on public domain lands. 

Budget Authorities 15-28
Public Law Title of the Act

Citation

USC reference Summary of Authority 

Use and Occupancy Permits Act of 1915, as amended, and National Forest Ski Area Permit Act of 1986

16 USC 497 and 497b

The Acts authorize the issuance of permits for use and occupancy of suitable lands wNational Forest System for construction and maintenance of buildings, structures, anfacilities for hotels, resorts, summer homes, stores, industrial or commercial purposeseducation or other public use, apline and nordic skiing operations, and so forth.

Valles Caldera Preservation Act of July 25, 2000

16 USC 698v This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to acquire the Baca Ranch in New M

and establish such lands as a unit of the National Forest System to be managed in accwith the purposes and requirements of this title.

Virginia Land Conveyance and Improvement Act

P.L. 105-171 This Act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to sell or exchange all or part of certa

administrative sites and other lands in the George Washington National Forest and thJefferson National Forest, and to use the value derived therefrom to acquire a replaceand to construct on the site suitable improvements for national forest administrative p

16 USC 516, 521b Sections 1 and 2 authorize land acquisition for watershed protection and timber prod

Weeks Act of 1911, as amended

This is one of the primary authorities for land acquisition with Land and Water ConsFund moneys.

Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968, as amended

16 USC 1277 Sections 6 and 16 authorize land acquisition, exchange, and donation of land for incl

the Wild and Scenic River System.

16 USC 1131-1136 Sections 5 and 6 provide authority for acquisition, exchange, and donation of land fo

Wilderness Act of 1964, as amended

inclusion in the Wilderness System.

P.L. 101-11 This Act authorizes reciprocal agreements with foreign fire organizations for mutual 

Wildfire Suppression Act

wildfire protection.

Budget Authorities 15-29
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA 

Expiring Forest Service Budget Authorities 

Public Law U.S.C. Program Description Expires Effe

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, Section 331, P.L. 106-291, as amended by Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, Div. E, Section 336, P. L. 108-447. 

Colorado Good 

Neighbor 

Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture, via cooperative agreement or contract, to permit the Colorado State Forest Service to perform watershed restoration and protection services on National Forest System lands in the State of Colorado where similar or complementary projects are performed on adjacent State or private land. 

9/30/2009 This auth

consistenlandscapeimplemeninsect and other hazin Coloradecrease planning integratedtreatmentboundarie

Department of the Interior,Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2006,  FS Administrative Provisions, P.L. 109-54. 

Primary and 

secondary 

schooling expense 

defrayment for 

USFS dependents 

in Puerto Rico 

Funds may be used for expenses associated with primary and secondary schooling for dependents of agency personnel stationed in Puerto Rico. 

9/30/2009 Authority 

agency p

Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000, Section 339, P.L. 106-113, as amended by Department of the Interior and Related Agencies 

16 U.S.C.528 note 

Forest Botanical Products 

Authorizes collection and retention of fees for forest botanical products 

9/30/2009 This pilot 

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Budget Authorities 15-30
FY 2010 Budget Justification USDA 

Budget Authorities 15-31Appropriations Act, 2004, section 335, P.L. 108-108 

products 

in a signiagency’s manage tpotential sustainabdemand/hproducts 

Flathead and Kootenai National Forest Rehabilitation Act of 2003, Title IV 

of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2004, P.L. 108-108 

Rehabilitation projects on the Flathead and Kootenai NFs 

Authorizes streamlined NEPA analysis for rehabilitation projects 

1/23/2009 Required 

streamlin

Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2005, P. L. 108-447, Division E, Title II (118 Stat. 3075) 

National Forest System 

Authorizes the Secretary to expend or transfer funds to the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, for removal, preparation, and adoption of excess wild horses and burros from National Forest System (NFS) lands and for the performance of cadastral surveys to designate NFS boundaries. 

9/30/2009 Without t

or transfeDepartmeForest Sereceive thnecessary administeburros prcadastral the transfForest Seadministrbe requirnot able tcosts assoprograms