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FEDERAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

1331 PENNSYLVANIA AVE., N.W., SUITE 520N

WASHINGTON, DC 20004-1710

 

BEFORE: Jordan, Chair; Althen, Rajkovich, and Baker, Commissioners

ORDER

BY THE COMMISSION: 

This matter arises under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. 

§ 801 et seq. (2018) (“Mine Act”). On May 9, 2023, the Commission received from 

Westmoreland Absaloka Mining, LLC (“Westmoreland”) a motion seeking to reopen a penalty 

assessment that had become a final order of the Commission pursuant to section 105(a) of the 

Mine Act, 30 U.S.C. § 815(a).

Under section 105(a) of the Mine Act, an operator who wishes to contest a proposed 

penalty must notify the Secretary of Labor no later than 30 days after receiving the proposed 

penalty assessment. If the operator fails to notify the Secretary, the proposed penalty assessment 

is deemed a final order of the Commission. 30 U.S.C. § 815(a).

We have held, however, that in appropriate circumstances, we possess jurisdiction to 

reopen uncontested assessments that have become final Commission orders under section 105(a). 

Jim Walter Res., Inc., 15 FMSHRC 782, 786-89 (May 1993) (“JWR”). In evaluating requests to 

reopen final orders, the Commission has found guidance in Rule 60(b) of the Federal Rules of 

Civil Procedure, under which the Commission may relieve a party from a final order of the 

Commission on the basis of mistake, inadvertence, excusable neglect, or other reason justifying 

relief. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.1(b) (“the Commission and its Judges shall be guided so far as 

practicable by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure”); JWR, 15 FMSHRC at 787. We have also 

observed that default is a harsh remedy and that, if the defaulting party can make a showing of 

good cause for a failure to timely respond, the case may be reopened and appropriate 

proceedings on the merits permitted. See Coal Prep. Servs., Inc., 17 FMSHRC 1529, 1530 

(Sept. 1995).

SECRETARY OF LABOR,

 MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH

 ADMINISTRATION (MSHA) 

v.

WESTMORELAND ABSALOKA 

 MINING, LLC

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Docket No. WEST 2023-0221

A.C. No. 24-00910-572821

September 20, 2023
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Records of the Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration 

(“MSHA”) indicate that the proposed assessment was delivered on March 23, 2023 and became 

a final order of the Commission on April 24, 2023. MSHA received partial payment of the 

assessment on April 20, 2023, a few days before the assessment became a final order. The 

Secretary does not oppose the request to reopen.

Payments for uncontested citations must be mailed to MSHA’s Lock Box in St. Louis, 

Missouri. However, contests of proposed assessments must be mailed to a different MSHA 

address in Arlington, Virginia. On April 13, 2023, Westmoreland correctly mailed its payment 

for the uncontested citations to St. Louis. However, on the same day, Westmoreland mistakenly 

mailed its contest along with its payment to the St. Louis address. 

On April 24, the assessment became a final order. Two days later, Westmoreland was 

informed by MSHA that its first contest was sent to an incorrect address. Therefore, on April 26, 

Westmoreland sent a second contest, this time via email, to MSHA’s email address. On April 

28, MSHA informed the operator that its second contest was untimely filed.

We note that the motion to reopen was timely filed. The Commission has previously held

that “[m]otions to reopen received within 30 days of an operator’s receipt of its first notice from 

MSHA that it has failed to timely file a notice of contest will be presumptively considered as 

having been filed within a reasonable amount of time.” Highland Mining Co., 31 FMSHRC 

1313, 1316-17 (Nov. 2009). Here, the motion to reopen was filed on May 9, 2023, within 30 

days of the final order of April 24, 2023. Therefore, the motion to reopen was filed within a 

reasonable amount of time.

Having reviewed Westmoreland’s request and the Secretary’s response, we find that 

Westmoreland has demonstrated good cause for its failure to timely respond and acted in good 

faith by timely filing its request to reopen. In the interest of justice, we hereby reopen this matter 

and remand it to the Chief Administrative Law Judge for further proceedings pursuant to the 

Mine Act and the Commission’s Procedural Rules, 29 C.F.R. Part 2700. Accordingly, consistent 
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with Rule 28, the Secretary shall file a petition for assessment of penalty within 45 days of the 

date of this order. See 29 C.F.R. § 2700.28. 

_________________________________

Mary Lu Jordan, Chair

_________________________________ 

William I. Althen, Commissioner 

_________________________________ 

Marco M. Rajkovich, Jr., Commissioner

_________________________________ 

Timothy J. Baker, Commissioner 
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Distribution:

Robin Irwin

Safety Manager

Westmoreland Absaloka Mining, LLC

P.O. Box 449

Hardin, MT 59034

rirwin@westmoreland.com

April Nelson, Esq.

Associate Solicitor

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

Division of Mine Safety and Health

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202

Nelson.April@dol.gov

Emily Toler Scott, Esq.

Counsel for Appellate Litigation

Office of the Solicitor

U.S. Department of Labor

Division of Mine Safety and Health

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202

scott.emily.t@dol.gov

Melanie Garris 

USDOL/MSHA, OAASEI/CPCO 

201 12th Street South, Suite 401

Arlington, VA 22202

Garris.Melanie@DOL.GOV

Chief Administrative Law Judge Glynn F. Voisin

Federal Mine Safety Health Review Commission

Office of the Chief Administrative Law Judge 

1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Suite 520N

Washington, DC 20004-1710

GVoisin@fmshrc.gov