Union Calendar No. 97

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 1757

[Report No. 103–173]

A BILL

To provide for a coordinated Federal program to

high-speed networking, and for other purposes.plications of high-performance computing andaccelerate development and dissemination of apJULY 13, 1993

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Commitordered to be printed tee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and
IB

Union Calendar No. 97

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 1757

[Report No. 103–173]

To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate development

and dissemination of applications of high-performance computing and

high-speed networking, and for other purposes.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

APRIL 21, 1993

Mr. BOUCHER (for himself, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. BROWN of California, Mr.

VALENTINE, Mr. TRAFICANT, Mr. HAYES, Mr. BACCHUS of Florida, Mr.

CRAMER, Mr. BARCIA, Mr. KLEIN, Mr. FINGERHUT, Mr. MCHALE, Ms.

ESHOO, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr.

COLEMAN, Mr. WISE, Mr. BLACKWELL, and Mr. KANJORSKI) introduced

the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space,

and Technology

JUNE 15, 1993

Additional sponsors: Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey, Mr. TOWNS, and Mr.

MACHTLEY

JULY 13, 1993

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on April 21, 1993]

A BILL

To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate

development and dissemination of applications of high-
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performance computing and high-speed networking, and

for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National Information

5 Infrastructure Act of 1993’’.

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

7 The Congress finds that—

8 (1) high-performance computing and high-speed

9 networks have proven to be powerful tools for improv10 ing America’s national security, industrial competi11 tiveness, research capabilities, and ability to make a

12 wide array of information available for a variety of

13 applications;

14 (2) Federal programs, such as the High-Perform15 ance Computing Program and National Research and

16 Education Network established by Congress in 1991,

17 are vital to the maintenance of United States leader18 ship in high-performance computing and high-speed

19 network development, particularly in the defense and

20 research sectors;

21 (3) high-performance computing and high-speed

22 networking have the potential to expand dramatically

23 access to information in many fields, including edu24 cation, libraries, government information dissemina-
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1 tion, and health care, if adequate resources are de2 voted to the research and development activities need3 ed to do so;

4 (4) high-performance computing and high-speed

5 networking have the potential to expand opportunities

6 for participation for Americans who have disabilities

7 and to improve equality of opportunity, full partici8 pation, independent living, and economic self-suffi9 ciency for Americans with disabilities;

10 (5) the Federal Government should ensure that

11 the applications achieved through research and devel12 opment efforts such as the High-Performance Comput13 ing Program directly benefit all Americans;

14 (6) the Federal Government should stimulate the

15 development of computing and networking applica16 tions and support wider access to network resources

17 so that the benefits of applications so developed can

18 reach the intended users throughout the Nation, in19 cluding users with disabilities; and

20 (7) a coordinated, interagency undertaking is

21 needed to identify and promote applications of com22 puting and networking advances developed by the

23 High-Performance Computing Program which will

24 provide large economic and social benefits to the Na25 tion, including new tools for teaching, the creation of
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1 digital libraries of electronic information, the develop2 ment of standards and protocols to make the stores of

3 government information readily accessible by elec4 tronic means, and computer systems to improve the

5 delivery of health care.

6 SEC. 3. APPLICATIONS OF THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM7 PUTING PROGRAM.

8 The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 is

9 amended by adding at the end the following new title:

10 ‘‘TITLE III—APPLICATIONS OF

11 COMPUTING AND NETWORKING

12 ‘‘SEC. 301. ESTABLISHMENT OF APPLICATIONS PROGRAM.

13 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Director, through the

14 Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering,

15 and Technology, shall, in accordance with this title—

16 ‘‘(1) establish a coordinated interagency applica17 tions program to develop applications of computing

18 and networking advances achieved under the Program

19 described in section 101, that are designed to be acces20 sible and usable by all persons in the United States,

21 including historically underserved populations and

22 individuals with disabilities, in the fields of edu23 cation, libraries, health care, the provision of govern24 ment information, and other appropriate fields; and
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1 ‘‘(2) develop a Plan for Computing and

2 Networking Applications (hereafter in this title re3 ferred to as the ‘Plan’) describing the goals and pro4 posed activities of the applications program estab5 lished under paragraph (1), taking into consideration

6 the recommendations of the advisory committee on

7 high-performance computing and applications estab8 lished under section 101(b).

9 The President shall designate the Federal agencies and de10 partments which shall participate in the applications pro11 gram established under paragraph (1). The applications

12 program may be administered as part of the Program estab13 lished under section 101.

14 ‘‘(b) COLLABORATION WITH NON-FEDERAL ENTI15 TIES.—To the maximum extent possible, the applications

16 program shall involve cost sharing and partnerships among

17 participating Federal departments and agencies, State and

18 local governments, and private sector entities.

19 ‘‘(c) INTEROPERABLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS.—In se20 lecting projects for support under this title, special consider21 ation shall be given to projects which will promote develop22 ment of interconnected and interoperable information sys23 tems.
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1 ‘‘(d) NONDEVELOPMENTAL ITEMS.—In carrying out

2 activities under this Act, Federal departments and agencies

3 shall purchase nondevelopmental items whenever possible.

4 ‘‘SEC. 302. PLAN FOR COMPUTING AND NETWORKING APPLI5 CATIONS.

6 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Plan shall contain a state7 ment of steps which should be taken to implement the appli8 cations program established under section 301(a)(1) for the

9 fiscal year in which the Plan is submitted and the succeed10 ing four fiscal years, and shall be submitted to the Congress

11 within one year after the date of enactment of this title.

12 The Plan shall be revised and resubmitted to the Congress

13 at least once each two years thereafter.

14 ‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—The Plan shall—

15 ‘‘(1) establish the goals and priorities for the ap16 plications program established under section

17 301(a)(1), consistent with this Act;

18 ‘‘(2) set forth the specific responsibilities of each

19 Federal agency and department participating in the

20 applications program established under section

21 301(a)(1) to achieve the goals and priorities estab22 lished under paragraph (1) of this subsection; and

23 ‘‘(3) describe the recommended levels of Federal

24 funding required for each agency and department to
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1 carry out the specific responsibilities set forth in

2 paragraph (2) of this subsection.

3 ‘‘(c) PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING PLAN.—(1) Accom4 panying the initial submission of the Plan shall be—

5 ‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal

6 efforts during the preceding fiscal year to develop

7 computing and networking applications and to ad8 vance the technologies on which the applications de9 pend; and

10 ‘‘(B) any recommendations regarding additional

11 action or legislation which may be required to assist

12 in implementing the Plan.

13 ‘‘(2) Accompanying each subsequent submission of the

14 Plan shall be—

15 ‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal

16 efforts since the previous submission of the Plan to de17 velop computing and networking applications and to

18 advance the technologies on which the applications de19 pend, including an estimate of the number and the

20 demographic diversity of users served in each applica21 tion;

22 ‘‘(B) an evaluation of the progress made toward

23 achieving the goals and priorities established under

24 subsection (b)(1);
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1 ‘‘(C) a summary of problems encountered in im2 plementing the Plan; and

3 ‘‘(D) any recommendations regarding additional

4 action or legislation which may be required to assist

5 in implementing the Plan.

6 ‘‘SEC. 303. RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL COORDI7 NATING COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE, ENGINEER8 ING, AND TECHNOLOGY.

9 ‘‘The Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engi10 neering, and Technology shall—

11 ‘‘(1) develop the Plan as provided in section

12 301(a)(2);

13 ‘‘(2) coordinate the activities of Federal agencies

14 and departments undertaken pursuant to the Plan

15 and report at least annually to the President, through

16 the Chairman of the Council, on any recommended

17 changes in agency or departmental roles that are

18 needed better to implement the Plan; and

19 ‘‘(3) assess, prior to the President’s submission to

20 the Congress of the annual budget estimate, each

21 agency and departmental budget estimate for consist22 ency with the Plan and make the results of that as23 sessment available to the appropriate elements of the

24 Executive Office of the President, particularly the

25 Office of Management and Budget.
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1 ‘‘SEC. 304. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT.

2 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Each Federal agency and de3 partment designated by the President under section 301(a)

4 as a participant in the applications program shall, as part

5 of its annual request for appropriations to the Office of

6 Management and Budget—

7 ‘‘(1) identify each element of its activities

8 which—

9 ‘‘(A) contributes primarily to the implemen10 tation of the Plan; or

11 ‘‘(B) contributes primarily to the achieve12 ment of other objectives but aids Plan implemen13 tation in important ways; and

14 ‘‘(2) identify the portion of its request for appro15 priations that is allocated to each such element.

16 ‘‘(b) OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET RE17 VIEW.—The Office of Management and Budget shall review

18 each submission received under this section in light of the

19 goals, priorities, and agency and departmental responsibil20 ities set forth in the Plan. The President’s annual budget

21 request shall include a statement of the portion of each ap22 propriate agency or department’s annual budget request

23 that is allocated to efforts to achieve the goals and priorities

24 established under section 302(b)(1).
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1 ‘‘SEC. 305. NETWORK ACCESS.

2 ‘‘(a) CONNECTIONS PROGRAM.—The Plan shall include

3 programs administered by the National Science Foundation

4 to—

5 ‘‘(1) foster the development of network services in

6 local communities which will connect institutions of

7 education at all levels, libraries, museums, and State

8 and local governments to each other; and

9 ‘‘(2) provide funds for the purchase of network

10 services to entities described in paragraph (1), or or11 ganizations representing such entities, to connect to

12 the Internet.

13 Such program shall include funding for the acquisition of

14 required hardware and software and for the establishment

15 of broadband connections to the Internet. Not more than

16 75 percent of the cost of any project for which an award

17 is made under this subsection shall be provided under this

18 Act.

19 ‘‘(b) TRAINING.—The Plan shall include programs ad20 ministered by the National Science Foundation and other

21 appropriate agencies and departments to train teachers,

22 students, librarians, and State and local government per23 sonnel in the use of computer networks and the Internet.

24 Training programs for librarians shall be designed to pro25 vide skills and training materials needed by librarians to

26 instruct the public in the use of hardware and software for
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1 accessing and using computer networks and the Internet.

2 Training programs shall include programs designed for in3 dividuals with disabilities.

4 ‘‘(c) REPORT.—The Director shall, within one year

5 after the date of enactment of this title, submit a report

6 to Congress which shall include—

7 ‘‘(1) findings of an examination of the extent to

8 which the education and library communities and

9 State and local government have access to the

10 Internet, including the numbers and the geographic

11 distribution, by type, of institutions having access,

12 and including the numbers of institutions having

13 human/computer interfaces suitable for use by indi14 viduals with disabilities;

15 ‘‘(2) a statement of the extent to which

16 broadband connections to the Internet exist for the

17 education and library communities and State and

18 local governments, including the numbers and the geo19 graphic distribution, by type, of institutions having

20 access;

21 ‘‘(3) an assessment of the factors limiting access

22 by institutions of education at all levels, libraries,

23 and State and local governments to the Internet and

24 an estimate of the cost of providing universal
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1 broadband access for those institutions to the Internet;

2 and

3 ‘‘(4) recommendations for collaborative programs

4 among Federal, State, and local governments and the

5 private sector to expand connectivity to the Internet

6 for educational institutions, libraries, and State and

7 local governments.

8 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

9 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au10 thorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foun11 dation for the purposes of this section, $15,000,000 for fiscal

12 year 1994, $30,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and

13 $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.

14 ‘‘SEC. 306. RESEARCH IN SUPPORT OF APPLICATIONS.

15 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify the basic

16 and applied research and human resource development ac17 tivities in areas, such as computer science and engineering,

18 mathematics, computer visualization, and human cog19 nition, that will provide the foundation for achieving the

20 applications included in the Plan. The Plan shall include

21 basic and applied research activities related to the long22 range social and ethical implications of applications of

23 high-speed networking and high-performance computing.

24 The Plan shall specify those activities included in the Pro-
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1 gram under title I which contribute to the development of

2 applications included in the Plan.

3 ‘‘(b) NETWORK SECURITY AND PRIVACY.—The Plan

4 shall specify research programs needed to create means to—

5 ‘‘(1) ensure the security and privacy of trans6 missions over the Internet and the integrity of digital

7 information accessed via the Internet; and

8 ‘‘(2) facilitate the management and protection of

9 copyrighted information which is accessed via the

10 Internet.

11 ‘‘(c) EASE OF INTERNET USE.—The Plan shall specify

12 research programs needed to develop and demonstrate

13 human/computer interfaces that will simplify access to and

14 use of the Internet by nonspecialists in computing and

15 networking technologies and by individuals with disabil16 ities.

17 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

18 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au19 thorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this section,

20 $6,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $15,000,000 for fiscal year

21 1995, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $20,000,000 for fis22 cal year 1997, and $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.

23 ‘‘SEC. 307. APPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION.

24 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects to

25 develop and apply computing and networking technologies
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1 for use in education at all levels from early childhood edu2 cation through higher education, including projects for the

3 education and training of individuals with disabilities. The

4 National Science Foundation shall be the lead agency for

5 implementing the activities required by this section, and

6 shall consult with the Department of Education in imple7 menting those activities. Activities under this section shall

8 include—

9 ‘‘(1) projects, including support for acquisition

10 of required computer hardware and software, that

11 demonstrate the educational value of the Internet, in12 cluding cost effectiveness, in providing for advances

13 in distance learning and electronic classrooms, facili14 tating nationwide communication among educators

15 and students, access to databases of information in

16 digital format, and access to innovative curricular

17 materials;

18 ‘‘(2) development, testing, and evaluation of com19 puter systems, computer software, and computer net20 works for—

21 ‘‘(A) teacher training, including teachers in

22 special education programs; and

23 ‘‘(B) informal education outside of school,

24 including workforce training in mathematics,
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1 science, and technology and in specific job-relat2 ed skills, including literacy; and

3 ‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of ad4 vanced educational software and of network-based in5 formation resources.

6 ‘‘(b) ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION.—In

7 accordance with subsection (a), applications for elementary,

8 secondary, and vocational/technical education shall be de9 signed to complement and strengthen ongoing national,

10 State, and local educational restructuring and reform ac11 tivities and shall include—

12 ‘‘(1) projects in computing and networking

13 that—

14 ‘‘(A) provide for network connections among

15 elementary and secondary schools in local re16 gions and connections to the Internet to enable

17 students and teachers to—

18 ‘‘(i) communicate with their peers;

19 ‘‘(ii) communicate with educators and

20 students in institutions of higher education;

21 and

22 ‘‘(iii) access educational materials and

23 other computing resources;

24 ‘‘(B) address the needs of rural populations

25 and of urban communities; and
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1 ‘‘(C) address the needs of individuals with

2 disabilities;

3 ‘‘(2) collection and dissemination of information

4 about ongoing elementary and secondary educational

5 projects, including special education projects, based

6 on application of computing and networking tech7 nologies, and about other educational resources avail8 able over the Internet;

9 ‘‘(3) development and evaluation of undergradu10 ate courses in the educational applications of comput11 ing and networking for the instruction of students

12 preparing for teaching careers, including courses that

13 will ensure the early familiarization and training of

14 these students in the use of the Internet; and

15 ‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of edu16 cational software designed for collaborative use over

17 the Internet, including tools that will enable class18 room teachers easily to adapt software to local condi19 tions.

20 ‘‘(c) COOPERATION.—In carrying out the requirements

21 of this section, the National Science Foundation, the De22 partment of Education, and other Federal agencies partici23 pating in such activities shall work with the computer hard24 ware, computer software, and communications industries,

25 authors and publishers of educational materials, State edu-
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1 cation departments, and local school districts, as appro2 priate.

3 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

4 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au5 thorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foun6 dation for the purposes of this section, $16,000,000 for fiscal

7 year 1994, $45,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, $60,000,000

8 for fiscal year 1996, $75,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and

9 $75,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.

10 ‘‘SEC. 308. APPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE.

11 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects to

12 develop and apply high-performance computing and high13 speed networking technologies for use in the health care sec14 tor, with the goal of improving the quality and enhancing

15 the cost-effectiveness of health care. Special consideration

16 shall be given to applications that are designed to lower

17 health care costs. The Department of Health and Human

18 Services, through the National Institutes of Health and the

19 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall be the

20 lead agency for implementing the activities required by this

21 section.

22 ‘‘(b) CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS.—In accord23 ance with subsection (a), applications related to clinical in24 formation systems shall include—
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1 ‘‘(1) testbed networks for linking hospitals, clin2 ics, doctor’s offices, medical schools, medical libraries,

3 and universities to enable health care providers and

4 researchers to share medical images and to develop

5 computer-based records;

6 ‘‘(2) software and visualization technology for

7 visualizing the human anatomy and analyzing diag8 nostic images and records;

9 ‘‘(3) virtual reality technology for simulating

10 surgical and medical procedures;

11 ‘‘(4) collaborative technology to allow several

12 health care providers in remote locations to provide

13 real-time treatment to patients;

14 ‘‘(5) interactive technologies to allow health care

15 providers to monitor, evaluate, and treat patients in

16 nonclinical settings;

17 ‘‘(6) database technology to provide health care

18 providers with access to relevant medical information

19 and literature;

20 ‘‘(7) database technology for storing, accessing

21 and transmitting patients’ medical records while pro22 tecting the accuracy and privacy of those records;

23 ‘‘(8) numerical simulation of chemical inter24 actions relevant to reducing the time and cost of drug

25 development;
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1 ‘‘(9) three dimensional geometric modeling and

2 artificial intelligence methods for interpreting an

3 array of medical images; and

4 ‘‘(10) complex simulations of sociological popu5 lations affected disproportionately by selected diseases

6 or disorders.

7 ‘‘(c) HEALTH INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC.—In ac8 cordance with subsection (a), applications related to deliv9 ery of health information to the public shall include—

10 ‘‘(1) development, testing, and evaluation of

11 database and network technologies for the storage of

12 consumer-oriented, interactive, multimedia materials

13 for health promotion, and for the distribution of such

14 materials to public access points, such as community

15 health and human service agencies, Centers for Inde16 pendent Living established by the Rehabilitation Act

17 of 1973, organizations established by title I of the

18 Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with

19 Disabilities Act of 1988, schools, and public libraries;

20 ‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop, test, and evaluate

21 the effectiveness and cost efficiency of interactive,

22 multimedia materials to assist patients in deciding

23 among health care options;

24 ‘‘(3) development and demonstration of human/

25 computer interfaces to allow nonspecialists in com-
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1 puting and networking technologies ease of access to

2 and use of databases of health information and net3 works providing health information service; and

4 ‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of

5 database and network access technologies to provide

6 individuals with health information, including health

7 risk appraisal, preventative medical advice, and dis8 ease treatment options, which is oriented to nonhealth

9 professionals and which is customized to take into

10 consideration an individual’s medical history.

11 ‘‘(d) HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND POPULATION

12 DATA SETS.—In accordance with subsection (a), applica13 tions for health delivery systems and for gathering popu14 lation data sets shall include—

15 ‘‘(1) testbed networks and software that permits

16 collaborative communication among local public and

17 private health and human service providers, such as

18 health centers, clinics, entitlement offices, and school19 based clinics, to enable health and human service pro20 viders to work together in delivering coordinated serv21 ices for at-risk populations;

22 ‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop high speed com23 munications networks and software for providing

24 health care providers with—
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1 ‘‘(A) immediate, on-line access to up-to-date

2 clinic-based health promotion and disease pre3 vention recommendations from the Centers for

4 Disease Control and Prevention and other Public

5 Health Service agencies; and

6 ‘‘(B) a two-way communications link with

7 prevention specialists in State and local health

8 departments, and other agencies with informa9 tion germane to clinic-based health promotion

10 and disease prevention; and

11 ‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of

12 database technologies to provide clinicians with access

13 to information to guide and assist them in providing

14 diagnosis, providing treatment, and providing advice

15 regarding health promotion and disease prevention to

16 patients, and to facilitate the gathering of systematic

17 population data sets in compatible formats on the ef18 ficacy of treatments and on national health trends.

19 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

20 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au21 thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Health and

22 Human Services for the purposes of this section,

23 $22,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $54,000,000 for fiscal year

24 1995, $72,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $90,000,000 for fis25 cal year 1997, and $90,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.
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1 ‘‘SEC. 309. APPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIES.

2 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects to

3 develop technologies for ‘digital libraries’ of electronic infor4 mation. The National Science Foundation shall be the lead

5 agency for implementing the activities required by this sec6 tion, and in implementing this section shall take into ac7 count the needs of individuals with disabilities.

8 ‘‘(b) DIGITAL LIBRARIES.—In accordance with sub9 section (a), activities to support the development of digital

10 libraries shall include—

11 ‘‘(1) development of advanced data storage sys12 tems capable of storing hundreds of trillions of bits of

13 data and giving thousands of users simultaneous and

14 nearly instantaneous access to that information;

15 ‘‘(2) development of high-speed, highly accurate

16 systems for converting printed text, page images,

17 graphics, and photographic images into electronic

18 form;

19 ‘‘(3) development of database software capable of

20 quickly searching, filtering, and summarizing large

21 volumes of text, imagery, data, and sound;

22 ‘‘(4) encouragement of the development and

23 adoption of common standards and, where appro24 priate, common formats for electronic data;
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1 ‘‘(5) development of computer-based means to

2 categorize and organize electronic information in a

3 variety of formats;

4 ‘‘(6) training of database users and librarians in

5 the use of and development of electronic databases;

6 ‘‘(7) development of means for simplifying the

7 utilization of networked databases distributed around

8 the Nation and around the world;

9 ‘‘(8) development of visualization methods for

10 quickly browsing large volumes of imagery; and

11 ‘‘(9) development of means for protecting copy12 righted material in electronic form, including, if tech13 nologically feasible, systems with capabilities for elec14 tronically identifying copyrighted works and for elec15 tronically indicating whether any permission which

16 is required by title 17, United States Code, has been

17 granted by the copyright owner.

18 ‘‘(c) DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPES.—In accordance

19 with subsection (a), the Plan shall provide for the develop20 ment of prototype digital libraries to serve as testbeds for

21 the systems, software, standards, and methods developed

22 under subsection (b). The development of prototype digital

23 libraries may involve nonprofit, private institutions that

24 collect and maintain specimens, materials, or other items

25 used in research, such as natural history museums. The pro-
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1 totype digital libraries shall be accessible by the public via

2 the Internet. In carrying out this subsection, an evaluation

3 shall be conducted of the suitability and utility of distribut4 ing electronic information over the Internet, including cata5 loging and evaluating the kinds of uses and determining

6 barriers that impair use of the Internet for this purpose.

7 ‘‘(d) DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASES OF REMOTE8 SENSING IMAGES.—The National Aeronautics and Space

9 Administration shall develop databases of software and re10 mote-sensing images to be made available over computer

11 networks.

12 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

13 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au14 thorized to be appropriated—

15 ‘‘(1) to the National Science Foundation for the

16 purposes of this section, $8,000,000 for fiscal year

17 1994, $16,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, $22,000,000

18 for fiscal year 1996, $32,000,000 for fiscal year 1997,

19 and $32,000,000 for fiscal year 1998; and

20 ‘‘(2) to the National Aeronautics and Space Ad21 ministration for the purposes of this section,

22 $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $8,000,000 for fiscal

23 year 1995, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,

24 $12,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $12,000,000 for

25 fiscal year 1998.
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1 ‘‘SEC. 310. APPLICATIONS FOR GOVERNMENT INFORMA2 TION.

3 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects

4 needed to develop and apply high-performance computing

5 and high-speed networking technologies to provide improved

6 public access to information generated by Federal, State,

7 and local governments, including access by individuals with

8 disabilities.

9 ‘‘(b) LEAD AGENCY.—The President shall designate a

10 lead agency for implementing the activities required by this

11 section. The lead agency shall issue policy guidelines de12 signed to foster—

13 ‘‘(1) a diversity of public and private sources

14 for, and a competitive marketplace in, information

15 products and services based on government informa16 tion; and

17 ‘‘(2) dissemination of government information to

18 the public on a timely, equitable, and affordable basis

19 and in a manner that will promote the usefulness of

20 the information to the public.

21 ‘‘(c) PROJECTS.—In accordance with subsection (a),

22 projects shall be undertaken which—

23 ‘‘(1) connect depository libraries and other

24 sources of government information to the Internet to

25 enable—
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1 ‘‘(A) access to Federal Government informa2 tion and databases in electronic formats;

3 ‘‘(B) access to State or local government in4 formation;

5 ‘‘(C) access to related resources which en6 hance the use of government information, includ7 ing databases available through State projects

8 funded pursuant to the Technology-Related As9 sistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of

10 1988; and

11 ‘‘(D) linkages with other libraries and insti12 tutions to enhance use of government informa13 tion; and

14 ‘‘(2) demonstrate, test, and evaluate technologies

15 to increase access to and to facilitate effective use of

16 government information and databases for support of

17 research and education, economic development, and

18 an informed citizenry.

19 ‘‘(d) FEDERAL INFORMATION LOCATOR.—In accord20 ance with subsection (a), an information locator system

21 shall be established which is accessible by the public via the

22 Internet and which provides citations to Federal informa23 tion and guidance on how to obtain such information.

24 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

25 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are au-
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1 thorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this section,

2 $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $12,000,000 for fiscal year

3 1995, $16,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $21,000,000 for fis4 cal year 1997, and $21,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.’’.

5 SEC. 4. HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLICA6 TIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

7 Section 101(b) of the High-Performance Computing

8 Act of 1991 is amended to read as follows:

9 ‘‘(b) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLICA10 TIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—(1) The Director shall es11 tablish an advisory committee on high-performance com12 puting and applications consisting of non-Federal mem13 bers, including representatives of the research and library

14 communities, education at all levels, consumer and public

15 interest groups, network providers, and the computer hard16 ware, computer software, telecommunications, publishing,

17 and information industries, who are specially qualified to

18 provide the Director with advice and information on high19 performance computing and on applications of computing

20 and networking. The recommendations of the advisory com21 mittee shall be considered in reviewing and revising the

22 Program described in this section and the Plan required

23 by section 301(a)(2). The advisory committee shall provide

24 the Director with an independent assessment of—
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1 ‘‘(A) progress in implementing the Program de2 scribed in this section and the Plan required by sec3 tion 301(a)(2);

4 ‘‘(B) the need to revise the Program described in

5 this section and the Plan required by section

6 301(a)(2);

7 ‘‘(C) the balance between the components of the

8 activities undertaken pursuant to this Act;

9 ‘‘(D) whether the research, development and dem10 onstration projects undertaken pursuant to this Act

11 are—

12 ‘‘(i) helping to maintain United States

13 leadership in computing and networking tech14 nologies and in the application of those tech15 nologies; and

16 ‘‘(ii) promoting competitive private sector

17 markets in the provision of products and services

18 related to these technologies and their applica19 tions;

20 ‘‘(E) whether the applications developed under

21 title III are successfully addressing the needs of the

22 targeted populations, including assessment of the

23 number of users served by those applications; and

24 ‘‘(F) other issues identified by the Director.
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1 ‘‘(2) The advisory committee established under para2 graph (1) shall meet not less than once annually, following

3 notice in the Federal Register, for the purpose of receiving

4 oral and written public testimony on the subjects identified

5 in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1). The

6 advisory committee shall compile and submit an annual

7 report to the Director and to the Congress containing the

8 findings and recommendations required under this sub9 section and summarizing the public testimony received. In

10 addition, the advisory committee may meet periodically as

11 determined by its members.

12 ‘‘(3) The Director shall provide such support as is re13 quired to allow the advisory committee established under

14 paragraph (1) to meet and to carry out the responsibilities

15 assigned by this subsection.’’.

16 SEC. 5. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK

17 AMENDMENTS.

18 Section 102 of the High-Performance Computing Act

19 of 1991 is amended to read as follows:

20 ‘‘SEC. 102. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NET21 WORK PROGRAM.

22 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—As part of the Program de23 scribed in section 101, the National Science Foundation,

24 the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, the

25 Department of Commerce, the National Aeronautics and
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1 Space Administration, the Department of Education, and

2 other agencies participating in the Program shall support

3 the establishment of the National Research and Education

4 Network Program. The Network Program shall consist of

5 the following components:

6 ‘‘(1) Research and development of networking

7 software and hardware required for developing high8 performance data networking capabilities with the

9 goal of achieving the transmission of data at a speed

10 of one gigabit per second or greater.

11 ‘‘(2) Federal experimental test bed networks

12 for—

13 ‘‘(A) developing and demonstrating ad14 vanced networking technologies resulting from

15 the activities described in paragraph (1), includ16 ing any reasonably necessary assessment of the

17 reliability of such technologies under realistic op18 erating conditions; and

19 ‘‘(B) providing connections and associated

20 network services for purposes consistent with this

21 Act which require levels of network capabilities

22 not commercially available.

23 ‘‘(3) Provision of support for researchers, edu24 cators, and students to obtain access to and use of the

25 Internet to allow for communication with other indi-
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1 viduals in the research and education communities

2 and to allow for access to high-performance comput3 ing systems, electronic information resources, other re4 search facilities, and libraries.

5 ‘‘(b) TEST BED NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS.—The

6 test bed networks shall—

7 ‘‘(1) be developed and deployed in coordination

8 with the computer hardware, computer software, tele9 communications, and information industries;

10 ‘‘(2) be designed, developed, and operated in col11 laboration with potential users in government, indus12 try, and research institutions and educational insti13 tutions;

14 ‘‘(3) be designed, developed, and operated in a

15 manner which fosters and maintains competition and

16 private sector investment in high-speed data

17 networking within the telecommunications industry;

18 ‘‘(4) be designed and operated in a manner

19 which promotes and encourages research and develop20 ment leading to the creation of commercial data

21 transmission standards, enabling the establishment of

22 privately developed high-speed commercial networks;

23 ‘‘(5) be designed and operated so as to ensure the

24 application of laws that provide network and infor25 mation resources security, including those that protect
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1 copyright and other intellectual property rights, and

2 those that control access to data bases and protect na3 tional security;

4 ‘‘(6) have accounting mechanisms which allow

5 users or groups of users to be charged for their usage

6 of copyrighted materials available over the test bed

7 networks and, where appropriate and technically fea8 sible, for their usage of the test bed networks; and

9 ‘‘(7) be interoperable with Federal and non-Fed10 eral computer networks, to the extent appropriate, in

11 a way that allows autonomy for each component net12 work.

13 ‘‘(c) NETWORK ACCESS.—The Federal agencies and de14 partments participating in activities under this section

15 shall develop a plan with specific goals for implementing

16 the requirements of subsection (a)(3), including provision

17 for financial assistance to educational institutions, public

18 libraries, and other appropriate entities. This plan shall be

19 submitted to the Congress not later than one year after the

20 date of enactment of the National Information Infrastruc21 ture Act of 1993. Each year thereafter, the Director shall

22 report to Congress on progress in implementing subsection

23 (a)(3).

24 ‘‘(d) RESTRICTION ON USE OF TEST BED NET25 WORKS.—(1) The Federal test bed networks shall not be used
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1 to provide network services that are not related to the activi2 ties under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) and

3 that could otherwise be provided satisfactorily using com4 mercially available network services. Determination of sat5 isfactory availability shall include consideration of geo6 graphic access to and affordability of service, and timeliness

7 and technical performance standards in providing services.

8 ‘‘(2) The requirements of paragraph (1) shall take ef9 fect on the date set forth in the report required under para10 graph (3).

11 ‘‘(3) Six months following the date of enactment of the

12 National Information Infrastructure Act of 1993, the Direc13 tor, after consultation with the Federal agencies and de14 partments supporting Federal test bed networks, shall pro15 vide a report to Congress which—

16 ‘‘(A) describes the technical developments nec17 essary to allow implementation of paragraph (1);

18 ‘‘(B) determines the earliest feasible date for im19 plementing paragraph (1); and

20 ‘‘(C) sets forth that date as the date on which

21 paragraph (1) shall take effect.

22 Should the Director subsequently determine that, for tech23 nical reasons, the requirements of paragraph (1) can not

24 be imposed on that date, the Director shall, not less than

25 3 months prior to that date, report to Congress on the rea-
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1 sons for the delay in imposing the requirements of para2 graph (1), and shall set forth a new date on which para3 graph (1) shall take effect.

4 ‘‘(e) ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY RE5 SPONSIBILITY.—As part of the Program, the Department of

6 Defense, through the Advanced Research Projects Agency,

7 shall support research and development of advanced fiber

8 optics technology, switches, and protocols needed to develop

9 the Network Program.

10 ‘‘(f) INFORMATION SERVICES.—The Director shall as11 sist the President in coordinating the activities of appro12 priate agencies and departments to promote the develop13 ment of information services that could be provided over

14 the Internet consistent with the purposes of this Act. These

15 services may include the provision of directories of the users

16 and services on computer networks, data bases of unclassi17 fied Federal scientific data, training of users of data bases

18 and computer networks, and technology to support com19 puter-based collaboration that allows researchers and edu20 cators around the Nation to share information and instru21 mentation.

22 ‘‘(g) USE OF GRANT FUNDS.—All Federal agencies

23 and departments are authorized to allow recipients of Fed24 eral research grants to use grant moneys to pay for com25 puter networking expenses.
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1 ‘‘(h) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.—Development of

2 data communications networks pursuant to this Act shall

3 be through purchase of standard commercial transmission

4 and network services from vendors whenever feasible, and

5 by contracting for customized services when such purchase

6 is not feasible, in order to minimize Federal investment in

7 network hardware and software.’’.

8 SEC. 6. COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENTS.

9 Title II of the High-Performance Computing Act of

10 1991 is amended by adding at the end the following new

11 section:

12 ‘‘SEC. 209. COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENTS.

13 ‘‘The Competition in Contracting Act shall apply to

14 all procurements under this Act of $25,000 or greater.’’.

15 SEC. 7. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

16 The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 is

17 amended—

18 (1) in section 3(1)—

19 (A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read

20 as follows:

21 ‘‘(A) accelerate progress toward a univer22 sally accessible high-capacity and high-speed

23 data network for the Nation;’’; and

24 (B) by striking ‘‘Network’’ and inserting in

25 lieu thereof ‘‘Internet’’ in subparagraph (C);
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1 (2) in section 4—

2 (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2),

3 (3), (4), and (5) as paragraphs (2), (7), (8),

4 (10), and (12), respectively;

5 (B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so

6 redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this para7 graph, the following new paragraph:

8 ‘‘(1) ‘broadband’ means a transmission rate for

9 digital information on a communications network

10 which exceeds the maximum rate possible for trans11 mission of digital information on normal copper tele12 phone wires;’’;

13 (C) by inserting after paragraph (2), as so

14 redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this para15 graph, the following new paragraphs:

16 ‘‘(3) ‘disabilities’ means functional limitations of

17 hearing, vision, movement, manipulation, speech, and

18 interpretation of information;

19 ‘‘(4) ‘educational institutions’ includes institu20 tions of early childhood education, elementary and

21 secondary education, postsecondary education, and

22 vocational/technical education;

23 ‘‘(5) ‘education at all levels’ includes early child24 hood education, elementary and secondary education,
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1 postsecondary education, and vocational/technical

2 education;

3 ‘‘(6) ‘Federal test bed networks’ means the Fed4 eral experimental test bed networks described in sec5 tion 102(a)(2);’’;

6 (D) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so

7 redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this para8 graph, the following new paragraph:

9 ‘‘(9) ‘Internet’ means the network of both Federal

10 and non-Federal interoperable packet switched data

11 networks;’’;

12 (E) by amending paragraph (10), as so re13 designated by subparagraph (A) of this para14 graph, to read as follows:

15 ‘‘(10) ‘Network Program’ means the National

16 Research and Education Network Program established

17 under section 102;’’; and

18 (F) by inserting after such paragraph (10)

19 the following new paragraph:

20 ‘‘(11) ‘Nondevelopmental item’ has the meaning

21 given such term in section 2325(d) of title 10, United

22 States Code; and’’;

23 (3) in section 101(a)(2)(A) and (B), by striking

24 ‘‘Network’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘Federal test

25 bed networks’’;
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1 (4) in section 101(a)(2)(C), by inserting ‘‘the

2 private sector, States, and’’ after ‘‘computer networks

3 of’’;

4 (5) in section 101(a)(4)(C), by striking ‘‘estab5 lishment of the Network’’ and inserting in lieu thereof

6 ‘‘Network Program’’;

7 (6) in section 201(a)(2), by striking ‘‘Network’’

8 both places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof

9 ‘‘Internet’’;

10 (7) in section 201(a)(3), by striking ‘‘Network’’

11 and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘Internet for the pur12 poses of this Act’’;

13 (8) in section 201(a)(4), by inserting ‘‘consistent

14 with section 102,’’ before ‘‘assist regional networks’’;

15 (9) in section 202(b), by striking ‘‘$134,000,000’’

16 and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘$111,000,000’’; and

17 (10) in section 203(e)(1), by striking

18 ‘‘$138,000,000’’ and inserting in lieu thereof

19 ‘‘$124,000,000’’.

20 SEC. 8. USE OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTS.

21 (a) PROHIBITION AGAINST FRAUDULENT USE OF

22 ‘‘MADE IN AMERICA’’ LABELS.—(1) A person shall not in23 tentionally affix a label bearing the inscription of ‘‘Made

24 in America’’, or any inscription with that meaning, to any
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1 product sold in or shipped to the United States, if that

2 product is not a domestic product.

3 (2) A person who violates paragraph (1) shall not be

4 eligible for any contract for a procurement carried out with

5 amounts authorized under this Act, or under any amend6 ment made by this Act, including any subcontract under

7 such a contract pursuant to the debarment, suspension, and

8 ineligibility procedures in subpart 9.4 of chapter 1 of title

9 48, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor proce10 dures thereto.

11 (b) COMPLIANCE WITH BUY AMERICAN ACT.—(1) Ex12 cept as provided in paragraph (2), the head of each agency

13 which conducts procurements shall ensure that such pro14 curements are conducted in compliance with sections 2

15 through 4 of the Act of March 3, 1933 (41 U.S.C. 10a

16 through 10c, popularly known as the ‘‘Buy American Act’’).

17 (2) This subsection shall apply only to procurements

18 made for which—

19 (A) amounts are authorized by this Act, or by

20 any amendment made by this Act, to be made avail21 able; and

22 (B) solicitations for bids are issued after the date

23 of enactment of this Act.

24 (3) The Director of the Office of Science and Tech25 nology Policy, before January 1, 1995, shall report to the
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1 Congress on procurements covered under this subsection of

2 products that are not domestic products.

3 (c) DEFINITION.—For the purposes of this section, the

4 term ‘‘domestic product’’ means a product—

5 (1) that is manufactured or produced in the

6 United States; and

7 (2) at least 50 percent of the cost of the articles,

8 materials, or supplies of which are mined, produced,

9 or manufactured in the United States.

10 (d) PURCHASE OF AMERICAN MADE EQUIPMENT AND

11 PRODUCTS.—

12 (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of

13 Congress that any recipient of a grant under this Act,

14 or under any amendment made by this Act, should

15 purchase, when available and cost-effective, American

16 made equipment and products when expending grant

17 monies.

18 (2) NOTICE TO RECIPIENTS OF ASSISTANCE.—In

19 allocating grants under this Act, or under any

20 amendment made by this Act, the appropriate agency

21 or department shall provide to each recipient a notice

22 describing the statement made in paragraph (1) by

23 the Congress.

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