IIA

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 1757

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

JULY 27 (legislative day, JUNE 30), 1993

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Labor and Human

Resources

AN ACT

To provide for a coordinated Federal program to accelerate

development and dissemination of applications of highperformance computing and high-speed networking, and

for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National Information

5 Infrastructure Act of 1993’’.
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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

2 The Congress finds that—

3 (1) high-performance computing and high-speed

4 networks have proven to be powerful tools for im5 proving America’s national security, industrial com6 petitiveness, research capabilities, and ability to

7 make a wide array of information available for a

8 variety of applications;

9 (2) Federal programs, such as the High-Per10 formance Computing Program and National Re11 search and Education Network established by Con12 gress in 1991, are vital to the maintenance of

13 United States leadership in high-performance com14 puting and high-speed network development, particu15 larly in the defense and research sectors;

16 (3) high-performance computing and high-speed

17 networking have the potential to expand dramati18 cally access to information in many fields, including

19 education, libraries, government information dis20 semination, and health care, if adequate resources

21 are devoted to the research and development activi22 ties needed to do so;

23 (4) high-performance computing and high-speed

24 networking have the potential to expand opportuni25 ties for participation for Americans who have dis26 abilities and to improve equality of opportunity, full
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1 participation, independent living, and economic self2 sufficiency for Americans with disabilities;

3 (5) the Federal Government should ensure that

4 the applications achieved through research and de5 velopment efforts such as the High-Performance

6 Computing Program directly benefit all Americans;

7 (6) the Federal Government should stimulate

8 the development of computing and networking appli9 cations and support wider access to network re10 sources so that the benefits of applications so devel11 oped can reach the intended users throughout the

12 Nation, including users with disabilities; and

13 (7) a coordinated, interagency undertaking is

14 needed to identify and promote applications of com15 puting and networking advances developed by the

16 High-Performance Computing Program which will

17 provide large economic and social benefits to the Na18 tion, including new tools for teaching, the creation of

19 digital libraries of electronic information, the devel20 opment of standards and protocols to make the

21 stores of government information readily accessible

22 by electronic means, and computer systems to im23 prove the delivery of health care.
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1 SEC. 3. APPLICATIONS OF THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE COM2 PUTING PROGRAM.

3 The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 is

4 amended by adding at the end the following new title:

5 ‘‘TITLE III—APPLICATIONS OF

6 COMPUTING AND NETWORKING

7 ‘‘SEC. 301. ESTABLISHMENT OF APPLICATIONS PROGRAM.

8 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Director, through the

9 Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering,

10 and Technology, shall, in accordance with this title—

11 ‘‘(1) establish a coordinated interagency appli12 cations program to develop applications of comput13 ing and networking advances achieved under the

14 Program described in section 101, that are designed

15 to be accessible and usable by all persons in the

16 United States, including historically underserved

17 populations and individuals with disabilities, in the

18 fields of education, libraries, health care, the provi19 sion of government information, and other appro20 priate fields; and

21 ‘‘(2) develop a Plan for Computing and

22 Networking Applications (hereafter in this title re23 ferred to as the ‘Plan’) describing the goals and pro24 posed activities of the applications program estab25 lished under paragraph (1), taking into consider26 ation the recommendations of the advisory commit-
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1 tee on high-performance computing and applications

2 established under section 101(b).

3 The President shall designate the Federal agencies and

4 departments which shall participate in the applications

5 program established under paragraph (1). The applica6 tions program may be administered as part of the Pro7 gram established under section 101.

8 ‘‘(b) COLLABORATION WITH NON-FEDERAL ENTI9 TIES.—To the maximum extent possible, the applications

10 program shall involve cost sharing and partnerships

11 among participating Federal departments and agencies,

12 State and local governments, and private sector entities.

13 ‘‘(c) INTEROPERABLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS.— In

14 selecting projects for support under this title, special con15 sideration shall be given to projects which will promote

16 development of interconnected and interoperable informa17 tion systems.

18 ‘‘(d) NONDEVELOPMENTAL ITEMS.—In carrying out

19 activities under this Act, Federal departments and agen20 cies shall purchase nondevelopmental items whenever

21 possible.

22 ‘‘SEC. 302. PLAN FOR COMPUTING AND NETWORKING AP23 PLICATIONS.

24 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—The Plan shall contain a state25 ment of steps which should be taken to implement the ap-
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1 plications program established under section 301(a)(1) for

2 the fiscal year in which the Plan is submitted and the suc3 ceeding four fiscal years, and shall be submitted to the

4 Congress within one year after the date of enactment of

5 this title. The Plan shall be revised and resubmitted to

6 the Congress at least once each two years thereafter.

7 ‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—The Plan shall—

8 ‘‘(1) establish the goals and priorities for the

9 applications program established under section

10 301(a)(1), consistent with this Act;

11 ‘‘(2) set forth the specific responsibilities of

12 each Federal agency and department participating in

13 the applications program established under section

14 301(a)(1) to achieve the goals and priorities estab15 lished under paragraph (1) of this subsection; and

16 ‘‘(3) describe the recommended levels of Fed17 eral funding required for each agency and depart18 ment to carry out the specific responsibilities set

19 forth in paragraph (2) of this subsection.

20 ‘‘(c) PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING PLAN.—(1) Ac21 companying the initial submission of the Plan shall be—

22 ‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal

23 efforts during the preceding fiscal year to develop

24 computing and networking applications and to ad-
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1 vance the technologies on which the applications de2 pend; and

3 ‘‘(B) any recommendations regarding additional

4 action or legislation which may be required to assist

5 in implementing the Plan.

6 ‘‘(2) Accompanying each subsequent submission of

7 the Plan shall be—

8 ‘‘(A) a summary of the achievements of Federal

9 efforts since the previous submission of the Plan to

10 develop computing and networking applications and

11 to advance the technologies on which the applica12 tions depend, including an estimate of the number

13 and the demographic diversity of users served in

14 each application;

15 ‘‘(B) an evaluation of the progress made toward

16 achieving the goals and priorities established under

17 subsection (b)(1);

18 ‘‘(C) a summary of problems encountered in im19 plementing the Plan; and

20 ‘‘(D) any recommendations regarding additional

21 action or legislation which may be required to assist

22 in implementing the Plan.
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1 ‘‘SEC. 303. RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FEDERAL COORDI2 NATING COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE, ENGINEER3 ING, AND TECHNOLOGY.

4 ‘‘The Federal Coordinating Council for Science, En5 gineering, and Technology shall—

6 ‘‘(1) develop the Plan as provided in section

7 301(a)(2);

8 ‘‘(2) coordinate the activities of Federal agen9 cies and departments undertaken pursuant to the

10 Plan and report at least annually to the President,

11 through the Chairman of the Council, on any rec12 ommended changes in agency or departmental roles

13 that are needed better to implement the Plan; and

14 ‘‘(3) assess, prior to the President’s submission

15 to the Congress of the annual budget estimate, each

16 agency and departmental budget estimate for con17 sistency with the Plan and make the results of that

18 assessment available to the appropriate elements of

19 the Executive Office of the President, particularly

20 the Office of Management and Budget.

21 ‘‘SEC. 304. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT.

22 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Each Federal agency and de23 partment designated by the President under section

24 301(a) as a participant in the applications program shall,

25 as part of its annual request for appropriations to the Of26 fice of Management and Budget—
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1 ‘‘(1) identify each element of its activities

2 which—

3 ‘‘(A) contributes primarily to the imple4 mentation of the Plan; or

5 ‘‘(B) contributes primarily to the achieve6 ment of other objectives but aids Plan imple7 mentation in important ways; and

8 ‘‘(2) identify the portion of its request for ap9 propriations that is allocated to each such element.

10 ‘‘(b) OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET RE11 VIEW.—The Office of Management and Budget shall re12 view each submission received under this section in light

13 of the goals, priorities, and agency and departmental re14 sponsibilities set forth in the Plan. The President’s annual

15 budget request shall include a statement of the portion

16 of each appropriate agency or department’s annual budget

17 request that is allocated to efforts to achieve the goals and

18 priorities established under section 302(b)(1).

19 ‘‘SEC. 305. NETWORK ACCESS.

20 ‘‘(a) CONNECTIONS PROGRAM.—The Plan shall in21 clude programs administered by the National Science

22 Foundation to—

23 ‘‘(1) foster the development of network services

24 in local communities which will connect institutions
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1 of education at all levels, libraries, museums, and

2 State and local governments to each other; and

3 ‘‘(2) provide funds for the purchase of network

4 services to entities described in paragraph (1), or or5 ganizations representing such entities, to connect to

6 the Internet.

7 Such program shall include funding for the acquisition of

8 required hardware and software and for the establishment

9 of broadband connections to the Internet. Not more than

10 75 percent of the cost of any project for which an award

11 is made under this subsection shall be provided under this

12 Act.

13 ‘‘(b) TRAINING.—The Plan shall include programs

14 administered by the National Science Foundation and

15 other appropriate agencies and departments to train

16 teachers, students, librarians, and State and local govern17 ment personnel in the use of computer networks and the

18 Internet. Training programs for librarians shall be de19 signed to provide skills and training materials needed by

20 librarians to instruct the public in the use of hardware

21 and software for accessing and using computer networks

22 and the Internet. Training programs shall include pro23 grams designed for individuals with disabilities.
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1 ‘‘(c) REPORT.—The Director shall, within one year

2 after the date of enactment of this title, submit a report

3 to Congress which shall include—

4 ‘‘(1) findings of an examination of the extent to

5 which the education and library communities and

6 State and local government have access to the

7 Internet, including the numbers and the geographic

8 distribution, by type, of institutions having access,

9 and including the numbers of institutions having

10 human/computer interfaces suitable for use by indi11 viduals with disabilities;

12 ‘‘(2) a statement of the extent to which

13 broadband connections to the Internet exist for the

14 education and library communities and State and

15 local governments, including the numbers and the

16 geographic distribution, by type, of institutions hav17 ing access;

18 ‘‘(3) an assessment of the factors limiting ac19 cess by institutions of education at all levels, librar20 ies, and State and local governments to the Internet

21 and an estimate of the cost of providing universal

22 broadband access for those institutions to the

23 Internet; and

24 ‘‘(4) recommendations for collaborative pro25 grams among Federal, State, and local governments
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1 and the private sector to expand connectivity to the

2 Internet for educational institutions, libraries, and

3 State and local governments.

4 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

5 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

6 authorized to be appropriated to the National Science

7 Foundation for the purposes of this section, $15,000,000

8 for fiscal year 1994, $30,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and

9 $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.

10 ‘‘SEC. 306. RESEARCH IN SUPPORT OF APPLICATIONS.

11 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify the basic

12 and applied research and human resource development ac13 tivities in areas, such as computer science and engineer14 ing, mathematics, computer visualization, and human cog15 nition, that will provide the foundation for achieving the

16 applications included in the Plan. The Plan shall include

17 basic and applied research activities related to the long18 range social and ethical implications of applications of

19 high-speed networking and high-performance computing.

20 The Plan shall specify those activities included in the Pro21 gram under title I which contribute to the development

22 of applications included in the Plan.

23 ‘‘(b) NETWORK SECURITY AND PRIVACY.—The Plan

24 shall specify research programs needed to create means

25 to—
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1 ‘‘(1) ensure the security and privacy of trans2 missions over the Internet and the integrity of digi3 tal information accessed via the Internet; and

4 ‘‘(2) facilitate the management and protection

5 of copyrighted information which is accessed via the

6 Internet.

7 ‘‘(c) EASE OF INTERNET USE.—The Plan shall speci8 fy research programs needed to develop and demonstrate

9 human/computer interfaces that will simplify access to and

10 use of the Internet by nonspecialists in computing and

11 networking technologies and by individuals with disabil12 ities.

13 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

14 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

15 authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this sec16 tion, $6,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $15,000,000 for

17 fiscal year 1995, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,

18 $20,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $20,000,000 for

19 fiscal year 1998.

20 ‘‘SEC. 307. APPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION.

21 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects

22 to develop and apply computing and networking tech23 nologies for use in education at all levels from early child24 hood education through higher education, including

25 projects for the education and training of individuals with
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1 disabilities. The National Science Foundation shall be the

2 lead agency for implementing the activities required by

3 this section, and shall consult with the Department of

4 Education in implementing those activities. Activities

5 under this section shall include—

6 ‘‘(1) projects, including support for acquisition

7 of required computer hardware and software, that

8 demonstrate the educational value of the Internet,

9 including cost effectiveness, in providing for ad10 vances in distance learning and electronic class11 rooms, facilitating nationwide communication among

12 educators and students, access to databases of infor13 mation in digital format, and access to innovative

14 curricular materials;

15 ‘‘(2) development, testing, and evaluation of

16 computer systems, computer software, and computer

17 networks for—

18 ‘‘(A) teacher training, including teachers in

19 special education programs; and

20 ‘‘(B) informal education outside of school,

21 including workforce training in mathematics,

22 science, and technology and in specific job-relat23 ed skills, including literacy; and
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1 ‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of ad2 vanced educational software and of network-based

3 information resources.

4 ‘‘(b) ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION.—

5 In accordance with subsection (a), applications for elemen6 tary, secondary, and vocational/technical education shall

7 be designed to complement and strengthen ongoing na8 tional, State, and local educational restructuring and re9 form activities and shall include—

10 ‘‘(1) projects in computing and networking

11 that—

12 ‘‘(A) provide for network connections

13 among elementary and secondary schools in

14 local regions and connections to the Internet to

15 enable students and teachers to—

16 ‘‘(i) communicate with their peers;

17 ‘‘(ii) communicate with educators and

18 students in institutions of higher edu19 cation; and

20 ‘‘(iii) access educational materials and

21 other computing resources;

22 ‘‘(B) address the needs of rural popu23 lations and of urban communities; and

24 ‘‘(C) address the needs of individuals with

25 disabilities;
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1 ‘‘(2) collection and dissemination of information

2 about ongoing elementary and secondary educational

3 projects, including special education projects, based

4 on application of computing and networking tech5 nologies, and about other educational resources

6 available over the Internet;

7 ‘‘(3) development and evaluation of undergradu8 ate courses in the educational applications of com9 puting and networking for the instruction of stu10 dents preparing for teaching careers, including

11 courses that will ensure the early familiarization and

12 training of these students in the use of the Internet;

13 and

14 ‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of

15 educational software designed for collaborative use

16 over the Internet, including tools that will enable

17 classroom teachers easily to adapt software to local

18 conditions.

19 ‘‘(c) COOPERATION.—In carrying out the require20 ments of this section, the National Science Foundation,

21 the Department of Education, and other Federal agencies

22 participating in such activities shall work with the com23 puter hardware, computer software, and communications

24 industries, authors and publishers of educational mate-
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1 rials, State education departments, and local school dis2 tricts, as appropriate.

3 ‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

4 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

5 authorized to be appropriated to the National Science

6 Foundation for the purposes of this section, $16,000,000

7 for fiscal year 1994, $45,000,000 for fiscal year 1995,

8 $60,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $75,000,000 for fiscal

9 year 1997, and $75,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.

10 ‘‘SEC. 308. APPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE.

11 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects

12 to develop and apply high-performance computing and

13 high-speed networking technologies for use in the health

14 care sector, with the goal of improving the quality and

15 enhancing the cost-effectiveness of health care. Special

16 consideration shall be given to applications that are de17 signed to lower health care costs. The Department of

18 Health and Human Services, through the National Insti19 tutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and

20 Prevention, shall be the lead agency for implementing the

21 activities required by this section.

22 ‘‘(b) CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS.—In accord23 ance with subsection (a), applications related to clinical

24 information systems shall include—
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1 ‘‘(1) testbed networks for linking hospitals, clin2 ics, doctor’s offices, medical schools, medical librar3 ies, and universities to enable health care providers

4 and researchers to share medical images and to de5 velop computer-based records;

6 ‘‘(2) software and visualization technology for

7 visualizing the human anatomy and analyzing diag8 nostic images and records;

9 ‘‘(3) virtual reality technology for simulating

10 surgical and medical procedures;

11 ‘‘(4) collaborative technology to allow several

12 health care providers in remote locations to provide

13 real-time treatment to patients;

14 ‘‘(5) interactive technologies to allow health

15 care providers to monitor, evaluate, and treat pa16 tients in nonclinical settings;

17 ‘‘(6) database technology to provide health care

18 providers with access to relevant medical information

19 and literature;

20 ‘‘(7) database technology for storing, accessing

21 and transmitting patients’ medical records while pro22 tecting the accuracy and privacy of those records;

23 ‘‘(8) numerical simulation of chemical inter24 actions relevant to reducing the time and cost of

25 drug development;
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1 ‘‘(9) three dimensional geometric modeling and

2 artificial intelligence methods for interpreting an

3 array of medical images; and

4 ‘‘(10) complex simulations of sociological popu5 lations affected disproportionately by selected dis6 eases or disorders.

7 ‘‘(c) HEALTH INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC.—In ac8 cordance with subsection (a), applications related to deliv9 ery of health information to the public shall include—

10 ‘‘(1) development, testing, and evaluation of

11 database and network technologies for the storage of

12 consumer-oriented, interactive, multimedia materials

13 for health promotion, and for the distribution of

14 such materials to public access points, such as com15 munity health and human service agencies, Centers

16 for Independent Living established by the Rehabili17 tation Act of 1973, organizations established by title

18 I of the Technology-Related Assistance for Individ19 uals with Disabilities Act of 1988, schools, and pub20 lic libraries;

21 ‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop, test, and evalu22 ate the effectiveness and cost efficiency of inter23 active, multimedia materials to assist patients in de24 ciding among health care options;
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1 ‘‘(3) development and demonstration of human/

2 computer interfaces to allow nonspecialists in com3 puting and networking technologies ease of access to

4 and use of databases of health information and net5 works providing health information service; and

6 ‘‘(4) development, testing, and evaluation of

7 database and network access technologies to provide

8 individuals with health information, including health

9 risk appraisal, preventative medical advice, and dis10 ease treatment options, which is oriented to

11 nonhealth professionals and which is customized to

12 take into consideration an individual’s medical

13 history.

14 ‘‘(d) HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND POPULATION

15 DATA SETS.—In accordance with subsection (a), applica16 tions for health delivery systems and for gathering popu17 lation data sets shall include—

18 ‘‘(1) testbed networks and software that per19 mits collaborative communication among local public

20 and private health and human service providers,

21 such as health centers, clinics, entitlement offices,

22 and school-based clinics, to enable health and human

23 service providers to work together in delivering co24 ordinated services for at-risk populations;
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1 ‘‘(2) pilot programs to develop high speed com2 munications networks and software for providing

3 health care providers with—

4 ‘‘(A) immediate, on-line access to up-to5 date clinic-based health promotion and disease

6 prevention recommendations from the Centers

7 for Disease Control and Prevention and other

8 Public Health Service agencies; and

9 ‘‘(B) a two-way communications link with

10 prevention specialists in State and local health

11 departments, and other agencies with informa12 tion germane to clinic-based health promotion

13 and disease prevention; and

14 ‘‘(3) development, testing, and evaluation of

15 database technologies to provide clinicians with ac16 cess to information to guide and assist them in pro17 viding diagnosis, providing treatment, and providing

18 advice regarding health promotion and disease pre19 vention to patients, and to facilitate the gathering of

20 systematic population data sets in compatible for21 mats on the efficacy of treatments and on national

22 health trends.

23 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

24 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

25 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Health
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1 and Human Services for the purposes of this section,

2 $22,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $54,000,000 for fiscal

3 year 1995, $72,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $90,000,000

4 for fiscal year 1997, and $90,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.

5 ‘‘SEC. 309. APPLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIES.

6 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects

7 to develop technologies for ‘digital libraries’ of electronic

8 information. The National Science Foundation shall be the

9 lead agency for implementing the activities required by

10 this section, and in implementing this section shall take

11 into account the needs of individuals with disabilities.

12 ‘‘(b) DIGITAL LIBRARIES.—In accordance with sub13 section (a), activities to support the development of digital

14 libraries shall include—

15 ‘‘(1) development of advanced data storage sys16 tems capable of storing hundreds of trillions of bits

17 of data and giving thousands of users simultaneous

18 and nearly instantaneous access to that information;

19 ‘‘(2) development of high-speed, highly accurate

20 systems for converting printed text, page images,

21 graphics, and photographic images into electronic

22 form;

23 ‘‘(3) development of database software capable

24 of quickly searching, filtering, and summarizing

25 large volumes of text, imagery, data, and sound;
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1 ‘‘(4) encouragement of the development and

2 adoption of common standards and, where appro3 priate, common formats for electronic data;

4 ‘‘(5) development of computer-based means to

5 categorize and organize electronic information in a

6 variety of formats;

7 ‘‘(6) training of database users and librarians

8 in the use of and development of electronic

9 databases;

10 ‘‘(7) development of means for simplifying the

11 utilization of networked databases distributed

12 around the Nation and around the world;

13 ‘‘(8) development of visualization methods for

14 quickly browsing large volumes of imagery; and

15 ‘‘(9) development of means for protecting copy16 righted material in electronic form, including, if

17 technologically feasible, systems with capabilities for

18 electronically identifying copyrighted works and for

19 electronically indicating whether any permission

20 which is required by title 17, United States Code,

21 has been granted by the copyright owner.

22 ‘‘(c) DEVELOPMENT OF PROTOTYPES.—In accord23 ance with subsection (a), the Plan shall provide for the

24 development of prototype digital libraries to serve as

25 testbeds for the systems, software, standards, and meth-
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1 ods developed under subsection (b). The development of

2 prototype digital libraries may involve nonprofit, private

3 institutions that collect and maintain specimens, mate4 rials, or other items used in research, such as natural his5 tory museums. The prototype digital libraries shall be ac6 cessible by the public via the Internet. In carrying out this

7 subsection, an evaluation shall be conducted of the suit8 ability and utility of distributing electronic information

9 over the Internet, including cataloging and evaluating the

10 kinds of uses and determining barriers that impair use

11 of the Internet for this purpose.

12 ‘‘(d) DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASES OF REMOTE13 SENSING IMAGES.—The National Aeronautics and Space

14 Administration shall develop databases of software and re15 mote-sensing images to be made available over computer

16 networks.

17 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

18 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

19 authorized to be appropriated—

20 ‘‘(1) to the National Science Foundation for the

21 purposes of this section, $8,000,000 for fiscal year

22 1994, $16,000,000 for fiscal year 1995,

23 $22,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, $32,000,000 for

24 fiscal year 1997, and $32,000,000 for fiscal year

25 1998; and
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1 ‘‘(2) to the National Aeronautics and Space Ad2 ministration for the purposes of this section,

3 $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $8,000,000 for fis4 cal year 1995, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,

5 $12,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $12,000,000

6 for fiscal year 1998.

7 ‘‘SEC. 310. APPLICATIONS FOR GOVERNMENT INFORMA8 TION.

9 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Plan shall specify projects

10 needed to develop and apply high-performance computing

11 and high-speed networking technologies to provide im12 proved public access to information generated by Federal,

13 State, and local governments, including access by individ14 uals with disabilities.

15 ‘‘(b) LEAD AGENCY.—The President shall designate

16 a lead agency for implementing the activities required by

17 this section. The lead agency shall issue policy guidelines

18 designed to foster—

19 ‘‘(1) a diversity of public and private sources

20 for, and a competitive marketplace in, information

21 products and services based on government informa22 tion; and

23 ‘‘(2) dissemination of government information

24 to the public on a timely, equitable, and affordable
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1 basis and in a manner that will promote the useful2 ness of the information to the public.

3 ‘‘(c) PROJECTS.—In accordance with subsection (a),

4 projects shall be undertaken which—

5 ‘‘(1) connect depository libraries and other

6 sources of government information to the Internet to

7 enable—

8 ‘‘(A) access to Federal Government infor9 mation and databases in electronic formats;

10 ‘‘(B) access to State or local government

11 information;

12 ‘‘(C) access to related resources which en13 hance the use of government information, in14 cluding databases available through State

15 projects funded pursuant to the Technology-Re16 lated Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities

17 Act of 1988; and

18 ‘‘(D) linkages with other libraries and in19 stitutions to enhance use of government infor20 mation; and

21 ‘‘(2) demonstrate, test, and evaluate tech22 nologies to increase access to and to facilitate effec23 tive use of government information and databases

24 for support of research and education, economic de25 velopment, and an informed citizenry.
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1 ‘‘(d) FEDERAL INFORMATION LOCATOR.—In accord2 ance with subsection (a), an information locator system

3 shall be established which is accessible by the public via

4 the Internet and which provides citations to Federal infor5 mation and guidance on how to obtain such information.

6 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—From

7 sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are

8 authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of this sec9 tion, $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $12,000,000 for fis10 cal year 1995, $16,000,000 for fiscal year 1996,

11 $21,000,000 for fiscal year 1997, and $21,000,000 for

12 fiscal year 1998.’’.

13 SEC. 4. HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLICA14 TIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

15 Section 101(b) of the High-Performance Computing

16 Act of 1991 is amended to read as follows:

17 ‘‘(b) HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND APPLI18 CATIONS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—(1) The Director shall

19 establish an advisory committee on high-performance com20 puting and applications consisting of non-Federal mem21 bers, including representatives of the research and library

22 communities, education at all levels, consumer and public

23 interest groups, network providers, and the computer

24 hardware, computer software, telecommunications, pub25 lishing, and information industries, who are specially
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1 qualified to provide the Director with advice and informa2 tion on high-performance computing and on applications

3 of computing and networking. The recommendations of

4 the advisory committee shall be considered in reviewing

5 and revising the Program described in this section and the

6 Plan required by section 301(a)(2). The advisory commit7 tee shall provide the Director with an independent assess8 ment of—

9 ‘‘(A) progress in implementing the Program de10 scribed in this section and the Plan required by sec11 tion 301(a)(2);

12 ‘‘(B) the need to revise the Program described

13 in this section and the Plan required by section

14 301(a)(2);

15 ‘‘(C) the balance between the components of the

16 activities undertaken pursuant to this Act;

17 ‘‘(D) whether the research, development and

18 demonstration projects undertaken pursuant to this

19 Act are—

20 ‘‘(i) helping to maintain United States

21 leadership in computing and networking tech22 nologies and in the application of those tech23 nologies; and

24 ‘‘(ii) promoting competitive private sector

25 markets in the provision of products and serv-
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1 ices related to these technologies and their

2 applications;

3 ‘‘(E) whether the applications developed under

4 title III are successfully addressing the needs of the

5 targeted populations, including assessment of the

6 number of users served by those applications; and

7 ‘‘(F) other issues identified by the Director.

8 ‘‘(2) The advisory committee established under para9 graph (1) shall meet not less than once annually, following

10 notice in the Federal Register, for the purpose of receiving

11 oral and written public testimony on the subjects identi12 fied in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1).

13 The advisory committee shall compile and submit an an14 nual report to the Director and to the Congress containing

15 the findings and recommendations required under this

16 subsection and summarizing the public testimony received.

17 In addition, the advisory committee may meet periodically

18 as determined by its members.

19 ‘‘(3) The Director shall provide such support as is

20 required to allow the advisory committee established under

21 paragraph (1) to meet and to carry out the responsibilities

22 assigned by this subsection.’’.
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1 SEC. 5. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NETWORK

2 AMENDMENTS.

3 Section 102 of the High-Performance Computing Act

4 of 1991 is amended to read as follows:

5 ‘‘SEC. 102. NATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION NET6 WORK PROGRAM.

7 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—As part of the Program de8 scribed in section 101, the National Science Foundation,

9 the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy,

10 the Department of Commerce, the National Aeronautics

11 and Space Administration, the Department of Education,

12 and other agencies participating in the Program shall sup13 port the establishment of the National Research and Edu14 cation Network Program. The Network Program shall

15 consist of the following components:

16 ‘‘(1) Research and development of networking

17 software and hardware required for developing high18 performance data networking capabilities with the

19 goal of achieving the transmission of data at a speed

20 of one gigabit per second or greater.

21 ‘‘(2) Federal experimental test bed networks

22 for—

23 ‘‘(A) developing and demonstrating ad24 vanced networking technologies resulting from

25 the activities described in paragraph (1), includ26 ing any reasonably necessary assessment of the
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1 reliability of such technologies under realistic

2 operating conditions; and

3 ‘‘(B) providing connections and associated

4 network services for purposes consistent with

5 this Act which require levels of network capa6 bilities not commercially available.

7 ‘‘(3) Provision of support for researchers, edu8 cators, and students to obtain access to and use of

9 the Internet to allow for communication with other

10 individuals in the research and education commu11 nities and to allow for access to high-performance

12 computing systems, electronic information resources,

13 other research facilities, and libraries.

14 ‘‘(b) TEST BED NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS.—The

15 test bed networks shall—

16 ‘‘(1) be developed and deployed in coordination

17 with the computer hardware, computer software,

18 telecommunications, and information industries;

19 ‘‘(2) be designed, developed, and operated in

20 collaboration with potential users in government, in21 dustry, and research institutions and educational

22 institutions;

23 ‘‘(3) be designed, developed, and operated in a

24 manner which fosters and maintains competition and
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1 private sector investment in high-speed data

2 networking within the telecommunications industry;

3 ‘‘(4) be designed and operated in a manner

4 which promotes and encourages research and devel5 opment leading to the creation of commercial data

6 transmission standards, enabling the establishment

7 of privately developed high-speed commercial net8 works;

9 ‘‘(5) be designed and operated so as to ensure

10 the application of laws that provide network and in11 formation resources security, including those that

12 protect copyright and other intellectual property

13 rights, and those that control access to data bases

14 and protect national security;

15 ‘‘(6) have accounting mechanisms which allow

16 users or groups of users to be charged for their

17 usage of copyrighted materials available over the test

18 bed networks and, where appropriate and technically

19 feasible, for their usage of the test bed networks;

20 and

21 ‘‘(7) be interoperable with Federal and non22 Federal computer networks, to the extent appro23 priate, in a way that allows autonomy for each com24 ponent network.
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1 ‘‘(c) NETWORK ACCESS.—The Federal agencies and

2 departments participating in activities under this section

3 shall develop a plan with specific goals for implementing

4 the requirements of subsection (a)(3), including provision

5 for financial assistance to educational institutions, public

6 libraries, and other appropriate entities. This plan shall

7 be submitted to the Congress not later than one year after

8 the date of enactment of the National Information Infra9 structure Act of 1993. Each year thereafter, the Director

10 shall report to Congress on progress in implementing sub11 section (a)(3).

12 ‘‘(d) RESTRICTION ON USE OF TEST BED NET13 WORKS.—(1) The Federal test bed networks shall not be

14 used to provide network services that are not related to

15 the activities under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection

16 (a) and that could otherwise be provided satisfactorily

17 using commercially available network services. Determina18 tion of satisfactory availability shall include consideration

19 of geographic access to and affordability of service, and

20 timeliness and technical performance standards in provid21 ing services.

22 ‘‘(2) The requirements of paragraph (1) shall take

23 effect on the date set forth in the report required under

24 paragraph (3).
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1 ‘‘(3) Six months following the date of enactment of

2 the National Information Infrastructure Act of 1993, the

3 Director, after consultation with the Federal agencies and

4 departments supporting Federal test bed networks, shall

5 provide a report to Congress which—

6 ‘‘(A) describes the technical developments nec7 essary to allow implementation of paragraph (1);

8 ‘‘(B) determines the earliest feasible date for

9 implementing paragraph (1); and

10 ‘‘(C) sets forth that date as the date on which

11 paragraph (1) shall take effect.

12 Should the Director subsequently determine that, for tech13 nical reasons, the requirements of paragraph (1) cannot

14 be imposed on that date, the Director shall, not less than

15 3 months prior to that date, report to Congress on the

16 reasons for the delay in imposing the requirements of

17 paragraph (1), and shall set forth a new date on which

18 paragraph (1) shall take effect.

19 ‘‘(e) ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY RE20 SPONSIBILITY.—As part of the Program, the Department

21 of Defense, through the Advanced Research Projects

22 Agency, shall support research and development of ad23 vanced fiber optics technology, switches, and protocols

24 needed to develop the Network Program.
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1 ‘‘(f) INFORMATION SERVICES.—The Director shall

2 assist the President in coordinating the activities of appro3 priate agencies and departments to promote the develop4 ment of information services that could be provided over

5 the Internet consistent with the purposes of this Act.

6 These services may include the provision of directories of

7 the users and services on computer networks, data bases

8 of unclassified Federal scientific data, training of users

9 of data bases and computer networks, and technology to

10 support computer-based collaboration that allows re11 searchers and educators around the Nation to share infor12 mation and instrumentation.

13 ‘‘(g) USE OF GRANT FUNDS.—All Federal agencies

14 and departments are authorized to allow recipients of Fed15 eral research grants to use grant moneys to pay for com16 puter networking expenses.

17 ‘‘(h) LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.—Development

18 of data communications networks pursuant to this Act

19 shall be through purchase of standard commercial trans20 mission and network services from vendors whenever fea21 sible, and by contracting for customized services when

22 such purchase is not feasible, in order to minimize Federal

23 investment in network hardware and software.’’.
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1 SEC. 6. COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENTS.

2 Title II of the High-Performance Computing Act of

3 1991 is amended by adding at the end the following new

4 section:

5 ‘‘SEC. 209. COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENTS.

6 ‘‘The Competition in Contracting Act shall apply to

7 all procurements under this Act of $25,000 or greater.’’.

8 SEC. 7. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

9 The High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 is

10 amended—

11 (1) in section 3(1)—

12 (A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read

13 as follows:

14 ‘‘(A) accelerate progress toward a univer15 sally accessible high-capacity and high-speed

16 data network for the Nation;’’; and

17 (B) by striking ‘‘Network’’ and inserting in

18 lieu thereof ‘‘Internet’’ in subparagraph (C);

19 (2) in section 4—

20 (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2),

21 (3), (4), and (5) as paragraphs (2), (7), (8),

22 (10), and (12), respectively;

23 (B) by inserting before paragraph (2), as

24 so redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this

25 paragraph, the following new paragraph:
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1 ‘‘(1) ‘broadband’ means a transmission rate for

2 digital information on a communications network

3 which exceeds the maximum rate possible for trans4 mission of digital information on normal copper tele5 phone wires;’’;

6 (C) by inserting after paragraph (2), as so

7 redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this para8 graph, the following new paragraphs:

9 ‘‘(3) ‘disabilities’ means functional limitations

10 of hearing, vision, movement, manipulation, speech,

11 and interpretation of information;

12 ‘‘(4) ‘educational institutions’ includes institu13 tions of early childhood education, elementary and

14 secondary education, postsecondary education, and

15 vocational/technical education;

16 ‘‘(5) ‘education at all levels’ includes early

17 childhood education, elementary and secondary edu18 cation, postsecondary education, and vocational/tech19 nical education;

20 ‘‘(6) ‘Federal test bed networks’ means the

21 Federal experimental test bed networks described in

22 section 102(a)(2);’’;

23 (D) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so

24 redesignated by subparagraph (A) of this para25 graph, the following new paragraph:
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1 ‘‘(9) ‘Internet’ means the network of both Fed2 eral and non-Federal interoperable packet switched

3 data networks;’’;

4 (E) by amending paragraph (10), as so re5 designated by subparagraph (A) of this para6 graph, to read as follows:

7 ‘‘(10) ‘Network Program’ means the National

8 Research and Education Network Program estab9 lished under section 102;’’; and

10 (F) by inserting after such paragraph (10)

11 the following new paragraph:

12 ‘‘(11) ‘Nondevelopmental item’ has the meaning

13 given such term in section 2325(d) of title 10,

14 United States Code; and’’;

15 (3) in section 101(a)(2) (A) and (B), by strik16 ing ‘‘Network’’ and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘Fed17 eral test bed networks’’;

18 (4) in section 101(a)(2)(C), by inserting ‘‘the

19 private sector, States, and’’ after ‘‘computer net20 works of’’;

21 (5) in section 101(a)(4)(C), by striking ‘‘estab22 lishment of the Network’’ and inserting in lieu there23 of ‘‘Network Program’’;
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1 (6) in section 201(a)(2), by striking ‘‘Network’’

2 both places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof

3 ‘‘Internet’’;

4 (7) in section 201(a)(3), by striking ‘‘Network’’

5 and inserting in lieu thereof ‘‘Internet for the pur6 poses of this Act’’;

7 (8) in section 201(a)(4), by inserting ‘‘consist8 ent with section 102,’’ before ‘‘assist regional net9 works’’;

10 (9) in section 202(b), by striking

11 ‘‘$134,000,000’’ and inserting in lieu thereof

12 ‘‘$111,000,000’’; and

13 (10) in section 203(e)(1), by striking

14 ‘‘$138,000,000’’ and inserting in lieu thereof

15 ‘‘$124,000,000’’.

16 SEC. 8. USE OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTS.

17 (a) PROHIBITION AGAINST FRAUDULENT USE OF

18 ‘‘MADE IN AMERICA’’ LABELS.—(1) A person shall not

19 intentionally affix a label bearing the inscription of ‘‘Made

20 in America’’, or any inscription with that meaning, to any

21 product sold in or shipped to the United States, if that

22 product is not a domestic product.

23 (2) A person who violates paragraph (1) shall not be

24 eligible for any contract for a procurement carried out

25 with amounts authorized under this Act, or under any
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1 amendment made by this Act, including any subcontract

2 under such a contract pursuant to the debarment, suspen3 sion, and ineligibility procedures in subpart 9.4 of chapter

4 1 of title 48, Code of Federal Regulations, or any succes5 sor procedures thereto.

6 (b) COMPLIANCE WITH BUY AMERICAN ACT.—(1)

7 Except as provided in paragraph (2), the head of each

8 agency which conducts procurements shall ensure that

9 such procurements are conducted in compliance with sec10 tions 2 through 4 of the Act of March 3, 1933 (41 U.S.C.

11 10a through 10c, popularly known as the ‘‘Buy American

12 Act’’).

13 (2) This subsection shall apply only to procurements

14 made for which—

15 (A) amounts are authorized by this Act, or by

16 any amendment made by this Act, to be made avail17 able; and

18 (B) solicitations for bids are issued after the

19 date of enactment of this Act.

20 (3) The Director of the Office of Science and Tech21 nology Policy, before January 1, 1995, shall report to the

22 Congress on procurements covered under this subsection

23 of products that are not domestic products.

24 (c) DEFINITION.—For the purposes of this section,

25 the term ‘‘domestic product’’ means a product—
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1 (1) that is manufactured or produced in the

2 United States; and

3 (2) at least 50 percent of the cost of the arti4 cles, materials, or supplies of which are mined, pro5 duced, or manufactured in the United States.

6 (d) PURCHASE OF AMERICAN MADE EQUIPMENT

7 AND PRODUCTS.—

8 (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of

9 Congress that any recipient of a grant under this

10 Act, or under any amendment made by this Act,

11 should purchase, when available and cost-effective,

12 American made equipment and products when ex13 pending grant monies.

14 (2) NOTICE TO RECIPIENTS OF ASSISTANCE.—

15 In allocating grants under this Act, or under any

16 amendment made by this Act, the appropriate agen17 cy or department shall provide to each recipient a

18 notice describing the statement made in paragraph

19 (1) by the Congress.

20 SEC. 9. SUNSET.

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subsections

22 (b) and (c), the High-Performance Computing Act of 1991

23 shall expire on October 1, 1998.
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1 (b) EXCEPTION.—Title II and section 305 of the

2 High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 shall expire on

3 October 1, 1996.

4 (c) CONTINUING ADMINISTRATION.—Nothing in this

5 section shall affect the continuing validity of any contract,

6 grant, or cooperative agreement entered into prior to the

7 relevant expiration dates referred to in subsection (a) and

8 (b), and any such contract, grant, or cooperative agree9 ment may continue to be administered under its terms as

10 if the High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 had not

11 expired.

Passed the House of Representatives July 26, 1993.

Attest: DONNALD K. ANDERSON,

Clerk.

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