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National and State Level Estimates of WIC Eligibility and Program Reach in 2021Research, Analysis & Background

October 2023 Keydata ReportNutrition Assistance Programs Keydata Release

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Resource | Research | Participation RatesWIC Eligibles and Coverage-2000 to 2009: National and State-Level Estimates of the Population of Women, Infants and Children Eligibles for WIC Benefits

This report offers updated estimates of the population that met these criteria and was eligible for WIC benefits in each of the years 2000 through 2009. This report includes some new estimates not included in previous reports: (1) estimates of the number of eligibles and coverage rates by state; (2) updated estimates in U.S. territories; (3) confidence intervals; and (4) estimates of eligible children by single year of age.

Resource | Research | Participation RatesReaching Those in Need: State SNAP Participation Rates in 2009

This report – the latest in an annual series – presents estimates of the percentage of eligible persons, by state, who participated in SNAP during an average month in FY 2009 and in the two previous fiscal years. This report also presents estimates of state participation rates for eligible “working poor” individuals over the same period. Although SNAP provides an important support for working families, the working poor have participated at rates that are substantially below those for all eligible persons. 

Resource | Research | Assessing/Improving OperationsWIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2010

WIC Participant and Program Characteristics summarizes the demographic characteristics of nationwide participants in April 2010. It includes information on participant income and nutrition risk characteristics, estimates breastfeeding initiation rates for WIC infants, and describes WIC members of migrant farm-worker families.

Resource | Research | Payment Accuracy and Program IntegrityDirect Certification in the NSLP State Implementation Progress, SY 2010-11 Report to Congress

This report responds to the requirement of PL 110-246 to assess the effectiveness of state and local efforts to directly certify children for free school meals. Under direct certification, children are determined eligible for free school meals without the need for household applications by using data from other means-tested programs. 

Resource | Research | Food/Nutrient AnalysisEvaluation of the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program: Interim Report

The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program aims to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among students in the nation’s poorest elementary schools by providing free fresh fruits and vegetables to students outside of regular school meals. The results presented in this interim report, for the 2010-2011 school year, focus on the total quantity of fruits and vegetables consumed and total energy intake (also referred to as total caloric intake), allowing the assessment of whether any additional fruit and vegetable consumption was in addition to or in place of other foods consumed.

Resource | Research | Participation RatesDynamics of SNAP Participation in Mid-2000s

This report describes individuals’ patterns of participation in the SNAP from 2004 to 2006, a period of caseload growth and improving economic conditions. Based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Survey of Income and Program Participation, the study explores reasons that individuals enter and leave SNAP, how long they receive SNAP benefits, and whether they return to the program after exiting. The report also examines whether participation patterns in the mid-2000s changed from earlier periods.

Resource | Research | Participation RatesDeterminants of SNAP Entry and Exit in the Mid-2000s

This study analyzes which factors are associated with individuals’ decisions to start participating in the SNAP and with decisions to leave the program during the period 2004 to 2006. Based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Survey of Income and Program Participation, the study uses a technique called “multivariate regression” to isolate the impact of various factors associated with participation decisions while holding other factors constant. T

Resource | Research | Participation CharacteristicsCharacteristics of SNAP Households: FY 2010

This report describes the characteristics of SNAP households and participants nationwide in fiscal year 2010. It also presents an overview of SNAP eligibility requirements and benefit levels in fiscal year 2010. 

Resource | Grants | DemonstrationsEarly Implementation of Summer Electronic Benefits Transfer for Children

Summer Electronic Benefits Transfer For Children:Early Experiences through June 2011 of the Proof-of-Concept Year Contract #: AG-3198-C-11-0002

Resource | Research | Assessing/Improving OperationsEvaluation of the Impact of Incentives Demonstrations on Participation in the SFSP: FY 2010 Arkansas and Mississippi

Pursuant to the 2010 Agriculture Appropriations Act, FNS initiated and carried out the Summer Food for Children demonstration project, aimed at preventing food insecurity and hunger among children during summer months. 

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