# Patent

## Title
Frayless frangible connection for fabric and vertical blind system incorporating same

## Abstract

A vertical blind assembly including at least one vertical blind panel, the at least one vertical blind panel including a plurality of partially opaque louvers, and a plurality of sheer transparent or translucent spacers. Each of the plurality of spacers is disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of partially opaque louvers. A substantially opaque auxiliary louver is disposed behind each one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers. A frangible hinge is disposed between each partially opaque louver and an adjacent spacer. A louver hook is attached to a top edge portion of each partially opaque louver, wherein each louver hook hooks over a top edge of a corresponding auxiliary louver.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 10/960,272, filed Oct. 7, 2004, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 10/960,533, filed Oct. 7, 2004, which in turn claims priority based on U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/562,333, filed Apr. 14, 2004. The contents of U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 10/960,272 and U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 10/960,533 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a frangible connection knitted into a fabric panel during manufacture. More specifically, the present invention relates to a vertical blind system having decorative louvers which are knitted in a single panel and attached together by a knitted frangible hinge or tear away fringe.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
When knitting a large fabric panel, it is often the case that the finished fabric will be cut into smaller pieces for use in a finished product, such as a window treatment. The cutting of fabric, however, introduces a number of problems which may present themselves during manufacture, most notably that extra steps are required to cut the fabric accurately. Likewise, by its very nature, cutting interrupts the fabric matrix, leaving a frayed edge which can undermine the strength or appearance of the fabric in the finished product.
In many window or see-through door applications, it is desirable to control the amount of light admitted through the window or see-through door. For instance on sunny days in warm climates, the sun is too strong (and too hot) for the comfort of the occupants, as well as being damaging to interior furnishings that may fade or become brittle. Typically, blinds are fitted, consisting of multiple slats of opaque material that can be individually rotated, in a coordinated manner, to block all or part of the light. When such slats are arrayed horizontally, the assembly is commonly called a “venetian blind”.
In large windows or doors, venetian blinds are impractical because they can become difficult to raise completely when needed for unobstructed viewing, or to clean the glass behind. So, often a variant called a “vertical blind” is fitted, in which rotatable slats are hung vertically from their ends on a traverse mechanism with individual, coordinated rotating hangers. Vertical blinds have been most often used in settings where large windows are more common, such as in commercial buildings or for residential patio doors or picture windows.
Vertical blinds are well known and commonly comprise elongated strips or slats of opaque material suspended vertically from an overhead traverse mechanism provided with individual rotatable hangers. Conventional louvers, also called slats or vanes, of a vertical blind are adapted for lateral movement between a drawn blind position, in which the blind is opened to one or opposite ends of a traverse or channel adjacent their tops and an extended blind position wherein the louvers are positioned in generally equal spaced relation to one another along the length of the traverse or channel.
The louvers themselves are also adapted for selective rotation about their longitudinal axes between open and closed positions. The spacing between the louvers when the blind is extended is approximately equal to their width. Thus, when the traverse mechanism is positioned, for example, above and along the horizontal length of a window, the rotation of the louvers selectively blocks the passage of light through the window.
The vertical louvers may be made of vinyl or other suitable material, colored to add an accent color to the room or colored to blend with the primary color of the room. These louvers are generally limited to solid colors, or simple vertical patterns, because they are manufactured separately. If a continuous horizontal pattern effect is attempted using this method, it is prohibitively difficult accurately to align sequential louvers horizontally. Each louver in a horizontal pattern represents an individual pattern segment even slight misalignment of which would be unattractively obvious and would destroy the aesthetic appeal of the blind.
The louvers may also be made or covered with a fabric material to achieve a specific design effect. Louvers formed entirely of fabric may lack the rigidity of solid louvers, and thus may be provided with a hanger reinforcement at the top and a weight on the bottom to permit the louvers to hang uniformly.
Currently, fabric blind louvers are manufactured from continuous rolls of louver-width fabric that have been slit from wider fabric rolls. These are individually cut to length and sewn to form a louver. This production method makes the incorporation of a horizontal pattern prohibitively difficult because there is no way to assure that pattern elements will align horizontally. Even if the louvers were cut transversely from rolls of patterned fabric having a width equal to the length of the louver, further processing such as the attachment of mounting hardware to each of the louvers would introduce sufficient vertical error into each louver to destroy the horizontal alignment of the pattern.
Fabric louvers manufactured from a single roll of fabric have an additional drawback in the tendency of the louvers to fray along their longitudinal edges, particularly as a result of machine washing. Because the material from which the louvers are cut necessarily has an existing continuous structure, the cutting of which necessarily presents edges where the structure has been interrupted, resulting in a series of loose threads. Untreated, these threads tend to unravel, weakening the fabric and creating an unattractive frayed edge over time and as laundered. Preventing this result requires additional costly manufacturing steps.
It is also known to combine a vertical blind with a sheer fabric wherein the opaque vertical slats of the blind cooperate with the sheer fabric to provide diffusion of the light entering between the opaque slats when the blind has been extended and is in the open position. This provides an aesthetically pleasing effect, as well as adding privacy as a result of reduction in the clarity of view from the exterior into the interior of the building.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,638,880 to Colson et al. discloses such a combination vertical blind wherein rigid opaque vanes having the arrangement of a conventional vertical blind are attached at one of their longitudinal edges to a sheet of sheer fabric such that light passing between the slats of the blind passes through the sheer fabric when the blind is open. Such a blind can be expensive to manufacture, as the sheer fabric must be attached to the vanes during an additional manufacturing step because the vanes are made of a different material from the fabric. Furthermore, although the width of a conventional vertical blind can be adjusted by adding or removing a number of discreet vanes, this is not possible in a combination blind because the vanes are essentially connected together into a single structure by the sheer fabric, requiring these blinds to be custom made to a specific width, also adding to their expense.
Another example of a combination blind is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,851,669 to Shapiro. Shapiro is directed to a drape adapted to be supported in the manner of a vertical blind and having alternate opaque and sheer vertical sections. The opaque sections are generally rigid and may be selectively rotated to permit the transmission of light through the sheer sections or to block the transmission of light by folding the sheer sections over the opaque sections. One obvious drawback, in addition to the drawbacks discussed with respect to Colson et al. above, is that the rigid vanes overlap the fabric requiring excessive fabric in order to fabricate the entire window covering. Further, the vanes or louvers are only attached to the fabric material along a top and bottom edge thereof, thereby inhibiting the control over the fabric material during operation of the window covering.
Another embodiment disclosed by Shapiro is a blind having alternating opaque and sheer sections in which the generally rigid vertically extending louvers are eliminated and substituted by a fabric panel having alternate vertical sections of fine and coarse mesh. The fine mesh sections may be provided with stiffening members at a top hem thereof and are connected to a vertical blind traverse from which the fine mesh sections may be rotated as louvers. When in the open position, the coarse mesh sections are disposed so as to admit a maximum of light therethrough. When in the closed position, the fine mesh sections are rotated so that the edges thereof overlap adjacent fine mesh sections to impede the transmission of light. Although this embodiment overcomes some of the limitations of the first Shapiro embodiment, a disadvantage of such a blind would be due to the lack of stiffness of the fine mesh “louver” sections. Any attempt to rotate the louvers of the second Shapiro embodiment would be resisted progressively along the length of the louver, resulting in an unattractive, non-uniform twisting which would render the blind nonfunctional.
Therefore a need exists for a vertical blind which can display a pattern horizontally across its louvers such that the alignment of the pattern from one louver to the next occurs without noticeable misalignment.
A further need exists for a vertical blind having louvers formed entirely of fabric, said louvers having an independent knitted structure wherein the major seams are substantially uninterrupted and free of loose thread ends, and wherein said louvers can be machine washed without developing frayed seams.
A still further need exists for a vertical blind having a plurality of louvers formed in a single roll of fabric, wherein the roll can be cut into panels of various lengths as needed during installation.
A still further need exists for a knitted blind panel having an open top and bottom dimension to allow for adjustment of height and alignment during installation.
A still further need exists for panels which can be attached together for applications which are wider than the maximum width of a single panel.
A still further need exists for a combination blind comprising a panel of fabric combining sheer and light-blocking sections, said blinds having sections of sufficient rigidity to function as louvers and a structure which allows the louvers to uniformly adjust to vary the amount of light which passes through the sheer sections of the blind, without the need for stiff louver panels.
A still further need exists for a combination blind wherein the light-blocking sections are provided with a rigid opaque auxiliary louver which increases the amount of light blocked by the louvers in the closed position.
A still further need exists for a fabric combination blind which can be produced in a standard width which can be adjusted easily as needed during installation over non-standard windows.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention seeks to resolve these problems and satisfy these needs by proposing a frayless frangible connection which permits the knitting of multiple components of a vertical blind from a single fabric panel.
A vertical blind assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes at least one vertical blind panel. The at least one vertical blind panel includes a plurality of partially opaque louvers, and a plurality of sheer transparent or translucent spacers. Each of the plurality of spacers is disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of partially opaque louvers. A substantially opaque auxiliary louver is disposed behind each one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers. A frangible hinge is disposed between each partially opaque louver and an adjacent spacer. A louver hook is attached to a top edge portion of each partially opaque louver, wherein each louver hook hooks over a top edge of a corresponding auxiliary louver.
In at least one embodiment, the plurality of louver hooks is attached to the plurality of louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.
In at least one embodiment, the plurality of auxiliary louvers is made of a rigid material.
In at least one embodiment, each of the plurality of frangible hinges includes at least one connector yarn alternately traversing between pillar stitches of a respective one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers and pillar stitches of an adjacent one of the plurality of spacers, the at least one connector yarn having a tensile strength less than the pillar stitches traversed by the connector yarn.
In at least one embodiment, the vertical blind assembly further includes a plurality of clips, each of the plurality of clips being attached to a corresponding one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers, wherein the plurality of clips connect the plurality of partially opaque louvers to the plurality of auxiliary louvers.
In at least one embodiment, the plurality of clips is attached to the plurality of substantially opaque louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.
In at least one embodiment, each of the plurality of clips includes at least one hook portion that wraps around a corresponding auxiliary louver.
In at least one embodiment, the vertical blind assembly further includes at least one other vertical blind panel, and a connector strip that attaches the at least one vertical blind panel to the at least one other vertical blind panel. The connector strip includes a sheer first band disposed between an end auxiliary louver and an end partially opaque louver of the at least one vertical blind panel, a sheer second band disposed between an end auxiliary louver and an end partially opaque louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel, and a sheer center band disposed between the first band and the second band, the first band, the second band and the center band being attached together by frangible hinges.
In at least one embodiment, the vertical blind assembly further includes a first connector strip hook attached to the first band and a second connector strip hook attached to the second band. The first connector strip hook hooks over a top edge of the end auxiliary louver of the at least one vertical blind panel, and the second connector strip hook hooks over a top edge of the end auxiliary louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel.
In at least one embodiment, the louver hook of the end partially opaque louver of the at least one vertical blind panel hooks over the first connector strip hook, and the louver hook of the end partially opaque louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel hooks over the second connector strip hook.
In at least one embodiment, the louver hooks of the end partially opaque louvers are larger than the first and second connector strip hooks.
In at least one embodiment, the first connector strip hook is attached to the first band and the second connector strip is attached to the second band by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.
A vertical blind panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of partially opaque louvers, and a plurality of sheer transparent or translucent spacers. Each of the plurality of spacers is disposed between a respective one of the plurality of louvers. A frangible hinge is disposed between each louver and an adjacent spacer. A louver hook is attached to a top edge portion of each partially opaque louver. Each louver hook hooks over a top edge of another component of a vertical blind assembly.
Other aspects, features, and details of the present invention can be more completely understood by reference to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the drawings, and from the appended claims.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an embodiment of a vertical blind incorporating the present invention, partially rolled around a tube;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the construction details of the tear-away fringe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the tear-away fringe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the construction details of the tear-away fringe of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the tear-away fringe of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of a fabric panel incorporating the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fabric panel which includes the louvers and valance of a vertical blind incorporating the present invention partially rolled around a tube;
FIGS. 8a through 8d are bottom perspective views of an embodiment of a combination blind incorporating the frangible hinges of the present invention;
FIGS. 9a through 9d are graphical representations of the combination blind of the present invention;
FIGS. 10a through 10c are partial bottom perspective views demonstrating the function of the frangible hinges of the present invention as incorporated in a combination blind;
FIG. 11 is a partial plan view of a section of a combination blind of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of the frangible hinge of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of the frangible hinge of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a partial plan view of a section of a combination blind;
FIG. 15 is a partial plan view of two types of combination blinds incorporating the frangible hinge of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a partial plan view demonstrating the manner in which two combination blind panels of the present invention can be combined into a single combination blind;
FIG. 17 is a partial plan view of a section of a combination blind panel having a modified terminus for attachment of two combination blind panels together;
FIG. 18 is a partial plan view of a connector strip of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 shows an auxiliary louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 20 shows an auxiliary louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention attached to a fabric louver;
FIG. 21 shows clips attaching an auxiliary louver to a fabric louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 22 shows a vertical blind panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention fully assembled;
FIG. 23 shows a connector strip according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention connecting two blind panels together;
FIG. 24 shows a connector strip being attached to an auxiliary louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 25 shows a fabric louver being attached to a connector strip according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 26 shows a double fabric louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 27 shows the double fabric louver of FIG. 26 being wrapped around an auxiliary louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 28 shows a louver according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 29 shows a bottom portion of the louver of FIG. 28;
FIG. 30 shows a vertical blind panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention made up of the louvers of FIG. 28;
FIG. 31 shows weights inserted into the bottom portion of the louver of FIG. 28;
FIG. 32 shows louvers according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention attached together to from a vertical blind panel;
FIG. 33 is a partial plan view of a vertical blind panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 34 is a partial perspective view of the vertical blind panel of FIG. 33;
FIG. 35 shows a vertical blind assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 36 shows a vertical blind assembly according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 37 is a perspective view of a louver hook and a connector strip hook useable with a vertical blind assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 38 is a perspective view of a clip useable with a vertical blind assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 39 is a plan view of the clip of FIG. 38.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An arrangement of a first embodiment of a vertical blind incorporating the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 illustrates a single fabric panel 100 comprising fifteen louvers of a vertical blind 101-115. This window treatment has a pattern 120 that spans the width of the panel. As illustrated, the design continues from one louver to the next. The individual louvers for this window treatment have been knit in a single panel to be separated after they are finished, as described below, assuring an accurate alignment of the pattern when installed. Each of louvers 101-115 are separated by a tear away fringe, which enables the louvers to be separated for installation.
FIG. 2 is a detail of the tear away fringe 200 of the present invention. The tear away fringe 200 is shown running vertically between two adjacent louvers A and B. Connector yarns 2 and 3 are shown connecting tear away fringe 200 to the edge of louvers A and B respectively. Prior to installation of the louvers, tear away fringe 200 is pulled away to separate louvers A and B. Connector threads 2 and 3 attaching louvers A and B to fringe 200 will pull away with the fringe leaving a clean edge as described below with respect to FIG. 3.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the tear-away fringe of FIG. 2. Pillar stitches 1 run vertically through the fabric, parallel to each other for the width of the entire panel. For example, in the panel of FIG. 1, the vertically extending pillars would continue to the left and right of panel 120 across the entire width of the panel. Preferably, pillar stitches 1 are formed of a high tenacity polyester yarn. Pillar stitches 1 form the basis of the structure of the fabric of panel 120. In the preferred embodiment, pillars 1 are the stitches to which all other yarns attach to form a fabric. As shown, pillar stitches 4 and 5 represent the edge stitch of louvers A and B respectively, pillar stitch 4 being the right most edge of louver A and pillar stitch 5 being the left most edge of louver B. As noted above, FIG. 3 illustrates only two pillar stitches of each louver, although in a preferred embodiment, a louver is formed for example of 30 or more pillar stitches.
Tear-away fringe 200, by contrast, is formed of 2 pillar stitches 201 and 202, said pillar stitches preferably being identical in structure to the pillar stitches that comprise louvers A and B. Connector yarns 2 and 3 are shown respectively linking pillars 4 and 5 to tear-away fringe 200. Connector yarns 2 and 3 continue in a generally vertical direction through tear-away fringe 200, and in a set pattern traverse between tear-away fringe 200 and pillar stitches 4 and 5.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, connector yarn 2 traverses between pillar stitches 201 and 202 and traverses between tear away fringe 200 and pillar stitch 4 at locations 204 and 206. Similarly, connector yarn 3 traverses between tear away fringe 200 and pillar stitch 5 at locations 208 and 210. By contrast to connector yarn 2, however, connector yarn 3 does not traverse both pillars 201 and 202 of tear away fringe 200, but rather traverses only between pillar stitches 202 and 5. It is not critical that one or more of connector yarns 2 and 3 traverse between pillar stitches 201 and 202, however, the connector yarns 2 and 3 must traverse respectively at least one of the pillar stitches of louvers A and B, preferably the edge pillar stitches thereof, as the connector yarns 2 and 3 are the only connection between louvers A and B and tear-away fringe 200. Hence, connector yarns 2 and 3 are the only connection with attaches louvers A and B together.
Ideally, connector yarns 2 and 3 are formed of a filament-type yarn, having a lower tensile strength than the high tenacity polyester yarn used to form pillar stitches 1. FIG. 4 shows in greater detail the location of the pillar stitches and connector yarns forming tear-away fringe 200 between louvers A and B.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 3, indicating a possible traverse of additional pattern yarns 7, shown in dotted lines, relative to connector yarns 2 and 3 in tear away fringe 200. Pattern yarns 7 are used to traverse between the pillar stitches 1 of louvers A and B only. It is these pattern yarns 7 that give louvers A and B their strength and opacity. However, it is critical that the pattern yarns not traverse into tear away fringe 200. Instead, tear-away fringe 200 may have pattern yarns 7a, 7a to increase the strength of the tear-away fringe, although pattern yarns 7a, 7a similarly do not traverse into the pillar stitches which comprise louvers A or B.
In order to separate louvers A and B, tear away fringe 200 is pulled out of the fabric. Connector yarns 2 and 3, having a lower tensile strength than the surrounding pillar stitches, will break, causing louvers A and B to become disconnected. In a preferred embodiment, connector yarn 2 and 3 is more intimately intertwined with pillar stitches 201 and 202 and is only minimally intertwined with pillar stitches 4 and 5. As a result, the broken remnants of connector yarns 2 and 3 are more likely to remain lodged in tear away fringe 200 when torn from the fabric. This is advantageous, as tear away fringe 200 is discarded whereas louvers A and B remain free of loose yarn fragments and are immediately ready for use. An additional advantage accrues from the structure of louvers A and B which, due to the independent pillar stitches 1 which comprise them, are not weakened as a result of the removal of the connector yarns 2 and 3. On the contrary, the connector yarns are superfluous with respect to the structure of the louvers, and serve only to connect the louvers together into a single panel. This independent structure results in a clean edge that will not fray over time or as a result, for example, of machine washing.
As a result of attaching a set of louvers from a single vertical blind into a unitary fabric panel as shown in FIG. 1, the knitting of a horizontal design across the panels is greatly simplified as the panels can be manufactured simultaneously, and control over the horizontal alignment, and length of the panels can be made uniform. The result is a vertical blind which has a continuous appearance and attractively displays a horizontal pattern.
As shown in FIG. 6, a section of panel 120 is shown at the cutting line between the bottom of panel 120A and the top of panel 120B. Specifically, panels 101 through 105 are shown bordered by horizontal line 130 which divides the panels 120A and 120B. Tear away fringes 200 are also visible which demarcate the end of one louver and the start of another. Fold line 132 indicates where the top of louvers 101 through 105 are folded to allow for the insertion of hangers or mounting hardware, not shown. Holes on 134 may optionally be provided to allow for a mounting hook to pass through the louvers. Line 136 on the bottom, indicates fold and sew points for bottom weights which may optionally be provided to improve the performance of the louvers.
The installation of bottom weights and top hangers ideally takes place after knitting of the panels is complete, but prior to delivery of the finished blind to a consumer. Installation of the various hardware does not require separation of louvers 102 through 105 from each other, although the indication of a unique louver No. which is knitted into each of louvers 101 through 105 simplifies the installation of the blind, even if the louvers are separated prior to delivery to the consumer. Further, sequential numbering of the louvers in this manner permits the blind to be disassembled, for example, for the purpose of washing the louvers, without risk that the correct sequence of the louvers will not be known when the blind is reassembled.
Ideally, a single panel of louvers is manufacturers to sufficient width to accommodate the number of louvers required for a single blind. However, if the particular application calls for a blind having more louvers than can practicably be knitted into a single panel, continuation panels having the required number of louvers to complete the blind may be manufactured. As shown in FIG. 7, continuation panel 220 is shown in which louver 116 to 125 are manufactured. The louvers of continuation panel 120 are fabricated in the same manner as louvers 101-115, in that they are provided with horizontal fold and sew lines and are vertically divided by a tear away fringe. Furthermore, if a continuous horizontal pattern is provided in a previous panel, continuation panel 220 can incorporate a continuation of that horizontal pattern as shown in FIG. 7.
Additionally, components such as a valance may also be knitted into a continuation panel 220, for example when there is insufficient space on a previous panel to incorporate a valance. The valance 230 is knitted into continuation panel 220 ideally in the same manner as the individual louvers, specifically, by a tear away fringe which can be pulled away from panel 220 to separate valance 230.
During installation of a vertical blind comprising louvers fabricated on two separate panels, small discrepancies in horizontal alignment may develop between the panels due to normal variations in the knitting process. The results would be a small horizontal offset between the louvers of one panel and the louvers of another in the blind. A significant discrepancy would be immediately visible, particularly when a continuous horizontal pattern is provided across the louvers of the blind.
Dimensional variations occur naturally in the knitting process, and are the results of many factors such as machine tension, variations in yarns and ambient factory conditions. Dimensional drift of this kind typically occurs over the course of a manufacturing run in a gradual manner from the beginning of the run to its end. Therefore, the first panel produced during a manufacturing run is likely to deviate only slightly from the second or third panel in a run, whereas differences between the first and last panels are likely to be more significant. As a result, the panels in a multiple panel blind should be produced during the same manufacturing run, preferably so that each continuation panel is manufactured immediately after the preceding panel.
Alternately, the louvers may be manufactured without either fold or sew lines 132 or 136. For example, when the width of the design motif requires more louvers than can be manufactured side by side in a single panel, manufacturing variables could be compensated for by cutting the louvers to a uniform length prior to sewing a slot for insertion of a bottom weight. Thus, louvers knitted from separate panels would align correctly.
An arrangement of a second embodiment of a vertical blind incorporating the present invention is shown in FIGS. 8A-8D. FIGS. 9A-9D correspond generally to FIGS. 8A-8D and show a schematic representation of the operation of the blind of the second embodiment. Blind 300 is a combination blind having alternating substantially opaque fabric louvers 310 and sheer transparent or translucent fabric spacers 320, each of spacers 320 connecting together a spaced apart pair of louvers 310. The louvers may be provided with a hanger 330 at the top for pivotable support of louvers 310 from a traverse 332 and may have a weight at the bottom (not shown) to bias the louvers vertically. Traverse 332 permits pivotable movement of louvers 310 between an open and a closed orientation.
FIGS. 8A and 9A illustrate the open orientation, wherein louvers 310 are generally transverse to traverse 332 and parallel to one another. Spacers 320 are generally parallel to another, extending horizontally between louvers 310, alternatively in one of two common planes parallel to traverse 332. Spacers 320 permit the passage of light therethrough, whereas the transverse orientation of opaque louvers 310 allows light to pass.
FIGS. 8B and 9B illustrate the blind of the present invention in a partially closed orientation. Louvers 310 have been rotated at hooks 330 to deviate from the transverse orientation that defines the open position. Although louvers 310 are still parallel, having been rotated in unison, there is now a partial blockage of light due to the angle of louvers 310. Similarly, spacers 320 are only partially blocked, therefore admitting some light, albeit less than in the open position.
FIGS. 8c and 9c illustrate a further closing of blind 300. In this position, louvers 310 have been rotated still further from their original transverse orientation, thus blocking more light. Louvers 310 are still parallel, although they are now nearly parallel to traverse 332, revealing the patterns on the surface of louvers 310. Similarly, spacers 320, while still admitting some light, are nearly blocked by the action of louvers 310.
FIGS. 8d and 9d illustrate blind 300 in a completely closed orientation. Louvers 310 have been rotated 90° from their original, transverse orientation, and are now parallel to traverse 332. The distance between louvers 310 is less than or equal to their width, therefore louvers 310 overlap, substantially completely blocking the passage of light therethrough. Spacers 320 are still visible over alternate louvers 310, although no light passes through spacers 320 due to the positioning of louvers 310.
Blind 300 may also be drawn to one or both sides of traverse 332 as shown in FIGS. 10a through 10c. 10a illustrates line 300 fully extended with louvers 310 in the open position. Hinges 312 between louvers 310 and spacers 320 are shown as well as intermediate hinge 322.
FIG. 10b illustrates line 300 shown partially drawn to one side. The operation of frangible hinges 312 and 322 is visible as spacers 320 fold in an inward direction as line 300 is drawn. FIG. 10c illustrates line 300 completely drawn to the side, to the mechanical limit of traverse 332, illustrating the manner in which louvers 310 and spacers 320 fold against each other.
FIG. 11 illustrates the hinging mechanism of the present invention in greater detail. Spacer 320 is shown attached by hinges 312 to louvers 310 on either side thereof. Hinges 312 as well as intermediate hinge 322 extend vertically from the top to the bottom of spacer 320.
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of frangible hinge 312. Item 9 is a representation of the rightmost pillar stitch in the structure of spacer 320. The number of pillar stitches which comprise a spacer depend upon the width and appearance of the spacer, a typical number of stitches being about 25. However, there is no limitation on the number of pillar stitches which comprise a spacer for purposes of the present invention. For simplicity, only three pillar stitches in spacer 320 are illustrated. 10 represents the leftmost pillar stitch in louver 310, again only three pillar stitches of which are shown in FIG. 12. Connector yarn, 8 which forms the structure for hinge 312 traverses the edge pillar of spacer 320 and, where desired to form a connection, also traverses space 12 between spacer 320 and louver 310. The connector yarn is the only yarn that traverses this space. It is this arrangement that forms frangible hinge 312 along which the louvers and spacers fold.
Intermediate hinges 322 are preferably fabricated in the same manner, and are therefore similarly frangible. The placement of intermediate hinges 322 defines the manner in which spacers 320 collapse when blind 300 is drawn. Therefore, the hinge 322 may be omitted entirely to produce a soft edge, or multiple hinges may be provided to produce a more accordion-like pattern.
The frequency and number of connections forming a frangible hinge can vary. This allows for adjustments to the strength of the connection, the flexibility of the hinge and incorporation of the hinge into the design.
The pillar stitches including 9 and 10 are preferably formed of a high tenacity yarn, whereas connector yarn 8 is preferably a yarn having a lower tenacity, thereby rendering hinge 312 frangible. The use of a lower tenacity yarn for connector yarn 8, preferably a filament yarn, provides the additional advantage of allowing a preferential folding direction or memory to be imparted onto the hinges. This can be accomplished by folding the hinges in a desired preferential direction and allowing them to remain in this position for a period of time, as in a package for delivery or sale.
FIG. 13 illustrates the same hinge mechanism as FIG. 12, however where FIG. 12 illustrates only the pillar stitches and a single connector yarn, FIG. 13 shows a preferred orientation of additional yarns 11 which traverse the pillar stitches of spaces 320 and louver 310 respectively. Yarns 11 increase the appearance of fabric structure, but do not traverse the space between spacer 320 and louver 310. It is only the connector yarn 8 that traverses this space. Therefore, similar to the tear away fringe disclosed in the previous embodiment, the structure of frangible hinge 312 is such that if the fabric was torn apart at space 12, the connector yarn would break permitting spacer 320 to separate from louver 310. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 connector yarn 8 is more intimately intertwined with pillar stitch 9 of spacer 320 and only incidentally intertwined with pillar stitch 10 of louver 310. This structure increases the likelihood that, upon tearing apart of louver 320 and spacer 310, the remnants of torn connector yarn 8 would remain embedded in spacer 320, leaving a clean edge on louver 310.
Because combination blind 300 is manufactured from a single panel, there is ideally a mechanism that allows the louvers 310 to rotate from an open to a closed position. Additionally, there is ideally a means by which the spacers 320 can collapse onto each other as the louvers are gathered together as the blind is drawn.
Therefore, frangible hinges 312 serve a dual purpose. First, the frangible hinges serve as a hinge member flexibly connect the louvers 310 to spacers 320 and permit relative movement between the louver and spacers while limiting any flexing of the fabric to the frangible hinges. As noted above, the selection of the type of yarn used for connector yarn 8 is preferably a type which is inherently more flexible than the yarns which are used to form the surrounding structure and pillar stitches. This applies equally to frangible intermediate hinges 322, which may be constructed in the same manner.
The second function served by frangible hinges 312 is to permit part of the blind to be torn away without damaging any of its components. For example, when a blind fabricated in a single panel is too wide for a specific application, the excess louvers and spacers can be torn away, and discarded, the remaining blind having the desired width. The frangible hinges also permit the conversion of a combination blind into a conventional vertical blind, by simply tearing away each of spacers 320 from a single panel and discarding them, leaving a plurality of louvers 310 which would function in the same manner as the louvers of the vertical blind of the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 14-16, the design of combination blind 300 incorporates a number of fabric louvers 310 seamlessly connected together at frangible hinges 312 by sheer fabric spacers 320. Each blind panel 300, when manufactured, begins and ends in either a louver 310 or a spacer 320. As a result, two or more panels can be connected together, side by side, to accommodate a traverse of any length with any desired or required number of louvers. Thus, the combination blind panels are ideally manufactured in two versions. The first version 300 begins and ends with a louver 310 and is intended for any installation. The second version 300A begins and ends with a spacer 320. Attached to the outside edge of the end spacer 320 via a hinge 312 as previously described, will be a thin strip 350 of fabric that mimics the pattern along the edge of a louver 310.
The panels of a combination blind can be joined together in one of two ways. In a first way, a hot melt adhesive yarn will be knit into the fabric structure on the underside thin strip 350. Thin strip 350 may be layered on top of an edge of the end louver 310 of blind panel 300 and then heat may be applied (such as by the use of a conventional home iron) to melt the adhesive yarn to adhered thin strip 350 to the edge of louver 310 of blind panel 300. In a second way, a strip of hot melt adhesive film may be applied to the underside of thin strip 350. Thin strip 350 could be adhered to louver 310 of blind panel 300 by the adhesive film in a manner similar to that of the first method.
As shown in FIG. 14, blind panel 300A is shown having alternating louvers 310 and spacers 320 terminating in a spacer 320 which is connected to thin strip 350 by frangible hinge 312. As shown in FIG. 15, thin strip 350 of blind panel 300A is arranged adjacent to end louver 310 of blind panel 300.
FIG. 16 illustrates the alignment of thin strip 350 over the edge of louver 310 of blind panel 300. Adhering the panels together in this manner, frangible hinges 312 between end spacer 310 and thin strip 350 on blind panel 300A function in the same manner as the frangible hinges between the louvers and spacers of the remainder of the blind. Therefore, after blind panels 300A and 300 are joined at thin strip 350, the combined panels functions as a single vertical combination blind.
FIG. 17 shows a modification to the means for joining two or more panels in a blind. Blind panel 300b is shown having alternating louvers 310 and spacers 320 terminating in a modified louver 310b wherein louver 310b is provided with thin strip 350b attached between louver 310b and adjacent spacer 320 by frangible hinges 312 on each side. This differs from unmodified louvers 310 which are connected only by frangible hinge 312 to adjacent spacers 320.
In this embodiment, the louver of panel 300b can be used as an end louver in an installation in a similar manner to that discussed above with respect to blind panel 300. If used in this manner, end louver 310b will appear slightly different from the other louvers 310 in the installation, but not noticeably so. Ideally, when louvers 310 are provided with decorative edges 313, thin strip 350b may be knitted to resemble a similar pattern to that of a decorative edge 313. Therefore, thin strip 350b may resemble a decorative edge on casual inspection, rendering the modification of louver 310b less conspicuous.
Alternately, louver 310b may be torn away from the thin strip 350b along the frangible hinge 312 between louver 310b and thin strip 350b. This step leaves only the thin strip 350b attached to the end of sheer spacer 320. This thin strip 350b may then be attached to the end louver of another panel 300b (or 300) using the hot-melt adhesive method described previously.
The advantage of this embodiment is that there is no need to produce two different panels (such as 300 and 300a) to sell in pairs for attachment, as blind panel 300b can be used either individually, or in combination with another panel 300b to which it may be attached directly. There is consequently no need to provide blind panel 300a, which is not designed for use unless attached to another blind panel. This simplifies manufacture and eliminates the need to provide a second product to the user.
A wide variety of adhesives may be used to render thin strip 350 adhesive. For example, hot melt adhesive coated yarns, including part number 90X312116 produced by Engineered Yarns Company of Fall River, Mass. is a yarn provided with a polyamide hot melt coating suitable for adhering fabrics at a temperature between 280 and 300° F. Alternatively, a hot melt adhesive strip such as a transparent polyurethane, product number 3410 manufactured by Bemis of Shirely, Mass. is also suitable for adhering blind panel 300A. Other adhesives which are suitable for fabric will be known to a person of skill in the art to accomplish the same purpose.
Panels can also be joined using a connector strip 500 as shown in FIG. 18. Whereas previous methods of joining panels have involved gluing or bonding, the use of a connector strip 500 avoids this.
As shown in FIG. 18, connector strip 500 is shown consisting of three sheer spacers, side by side, and connected to each other by hinges 312. Ideally, the center band 520 is identical in design to the spacers 320 of the blind panels 300 to be connected together. The left and right bands 510 need not have the same pattern, and are ideally more sheer. Ideally, the outer edges 514 of the left and right bands 510 are clean, though they may have been separated from a larger knit panel. For example, a number of connector strips 500 may be produced in a single panel attached by a frangible hinge such as 312, and thereafter separated from each other. A top and bottom hem (not shown) may be formed in the connector strip 500 by folding over the fabric and sewing a straight seam. The hem will preferably form a slot on the top for insertion of a hanger reinforcement and another slot on the bottom for insertion of a bottom weight. A notch (not shown) is also cut into the top of the left and right bands 510 for clearance of the hanging hooks.
Two blind panels may be assemble using the connector strip 500 by placing the left band 510 behind the rightmost louver of a blind panel, connecting the left band 510 to a head rail by passing a top reinforcement through the top hem and attaching the top reinforcement to the louver hanger on the head rail. This will then be repeated with the right band 510 and the leftmost louver of another sheer blind panel. Weights may then be inserted into the slots formed by the bottom hem of the left and right bands 510 of the connector strip 500.
The combination blind described above, and shown in FIGS. 8-18 provides a blind system that can vary the amount of light which enters a room depending upon the extent to which the louvers 310 are oriented to block the light. However, even a densely woven fabric ordinarily allows some light to pass through it; thus, the combination blind thus far described represents a room dimming blind that may not block sufficient light for all applications.
FIG. 19 shows an auxiliary louver 410 for a room-darkening embodiment of the combination blind 300 of the present invention. Auxiliary louvers 410 can be manufactured from PVC, wood, aluminum or any other suitably rigid and opaque material fabricated to hang from standard vertical blind head rails (such as traverse 332) as vertical blind louvers. They are to be hung from the same head rail as the above-described combination blind and will be located behind and paired with opaque fabric louvers 310. This is ideally accomplished by attaching auxiliary louvers 410 in the same manner as the blind panels. Fabric louvers 310 may then attach to the bottom of the auxiliary louvers 410, for example, using adhesive backed hook-and-loop tape 412 disposed at the bottom of the auxiliary louvers 410. As shown in FIG. 20, the hook portion of the tape 412 is attached to the auxiliary louver 410 and then the fabric louver is pressed onto the tape. The use of a corresponding loop portion may not be necessary as the fabric louvers inherently act as loops themselves and will adhere directly to the hook portion of the tape 412. Alternatively, plastic clips, such as plastic clips 415 shown in FIG. 21, can be used to attach the fabric louvers to the bottom of the auxiliary louvers 410. The open end of clip 415 is slid upward onto the bottom edge of louver 310 such that both the fabric louver and the rigid louver are caught within the jaws of clip 415. Two clips per louver are ideal.
Auxiliary louvers 410 are ideally disposed behind the fabric louver 310, that is, between the blind and the window, to prevent auxiliary louvers 410 from being easily seen from inside a room. FIG. 22 shows the room darkening embodiment of the present invention fully assembled with auxiliary louvers 410 hung from the same head rail as the fabric louvers 310 and disposed behind the fabric louvers.
The connector strip 500 described above may also be used in the room darkening embodiment of the present invention to attach blind panels together. As shown in FIG. 23, the left band 510 of the connector strip 500 may be placed behind the rightmost fabric louver 310 of a blind panel, but in front of the auxiliary louver 410, and the right band 510 may be similarly disposed between the rightmost fabric louver 310 and auxiliary louver 410 of another blind panel. The auxiliary louver 410, fabric louver 310 and band 510 are preferably hung from the head rail by the same hanger. At the bottom, the bands 510 are attached to the auxiliary louvers 410 by pressing the bands 310 on to the hook tape 412, as shown in FIG. 24. The thinness of the bands 510 allows some of the hooks of the hook tape 412 to protrude through the bands 510, thereby allowing the fabric louvers 310 to also attach to the hook tape 412 through the bands 510, as shown in FIG. 25. Alternatively, the bands 510, fabric louvers 310 and auxiliary louvers 410 may be attached together using clips attached at the bottom of the blind.
In the event that the number of louvers in a combination blind results in the back of a louver being exposed, a double fabric louver 310c may be provided as illustrated in FIG. 26. Specifically, blind 300c is shown provided with double fabric louver 310c. Double fabric louver 310c comprises two ordinary louvers 310 adjacent to each other and attached such as by a frangible hinge 312. When assembled, as shown in FIG. 27, the double fabric louver 310c is folded over auxiliary louver 410, and secured to the auxiliary louver using hook-and-loop fasteners. Clips may also advantageously be used. This construction prevents the auxiliary louver 410 at the end of a blind from being visible from the inside of a room after installation.
The combination blind described above may also be manufactured with fold and sew lines to provide for the insertion of bottom weights, hangers or other mounting hardware, subject, however to the same difficulties in maintaining proper alignment during manufacture that exist in the previous embodiment. In fact, errors in alignment are especially evident at the bottom of the louvers in a combination blind when two or more panels are joined together. Thus, the panels of the present embodiment may be manufactured without either fold or sew lines, particularly at the bottom of the louvers. The panel could therefore be cut to a uniform length, providing proper alignment at the interface between two panels.
An additional advantage of eliminating the fold and sew lines is that the blinds of the present embodiment could be manufactured in continuous form. Thus, the blind fabric could be provided in rolls from which blinds could be cut to length and fabricated to width. Such flexibility is of particular utility when the manufacturer, or a third party fabricator, wishes to make blinds available in non-standard lengths.
For example, in the case of the present embodiment, the blind fabric is ideally provided in rolls of alternating, continuous sheer bands 320 and louver bands 310, with the bands separated by the hinge mechanism as described above. The manufacturer, or a fabricator would then cut the fabric to required length, fold and sew the top and bottom as needed for form a slot for the top hanger reinforcement and the bottom weight. The hinging mechanism of such a fabricated blind would ideally be the same as that described above, although a hole for the hanger hook would have to be manually cut into the louver top after sewing.
In order to provide further flexibility for customers in terms of size requirements, a vertical blind panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention can be made of louvers that include three strips connected side by side by a frangible fringe, as shown in FIG. 28. In further detail, the louvers 700 include end strips 710, 712 and an intermediate strip 714 disposed between the end strips 710, 712. The end strips 710, 712 are preferably opaque fabric strips and the intermediate strip 714 is preferably a sheer fabric strip that functions as a spacer. The louvers 700 can be manufactured as a continuous length with no top or bottom cut markers, or cut markers can be engineered into the fabric design for the top and/or bottom cut locations. As shown in FIG. 28, after the louvers 700 are cut to the desired length, they are folded over and sewn along the top for the insertion of a hanger reinforcement. A notch 711 is preferably formed in each of the end strips 710, 712 for hook clearance. Also, as shown in FIG. 29, the louvers 700 are folded over at the bottom and sewn for insertion of a bottom weight or other necessary hardware along the bottom edge. The louvers 700 may be manufactured with design motifs in the intermediate strip 714 and/or the end strips 710, 712.
Installation of a vertical blind made up of the louvers 700 preferably requires a number of louvers 700 equal to or less than the number of hooks on the headrail to which they are to be attached. As shown in FIG. 30, beginning at the left most hook, the left end strip 710a of the first louver 700a is attached by passing the hook through the slot on the top reinforcement that has been inserted into the loop on the top edge of the left end strip 710a. At the next hook to the right, the right end strip 712a and the left end strip 710b of a second louver 700b are attached. This process continues, each time attaching two end strips 710, 712 to the next hook until the right most hook is reached. At this point, only a right end strip 712 of the last louver 700 is inserted into the right most hook.
The louvers 700 are attached such that the sheer intermediate strips 714 that connect the end strips 710, 712 are always on the front side, the front side being the side farthest from the window or exterior light source that is being shaded by the blind. This creates a continuous sheer panel look as the blind is observed from the interior space.
The hardware at the bottom of the louvers 700 necessary to complete the installation may vary. For example, as shown in FIG. 31, weights 720 may be inserted into the slots sewn at the bottom of each end strip 710, 712. The bottoms of each neighboring strip 710, 712 may then be attached together using plastic clips 730, as shown in FIG. 32. This construction makes the bottom of the installation more stable and maintains the panel appearance when the blind is manipulated or air movement disturbs the blind. Alternatively, a weight and magnet arrangement could be used instead of clips, or no means of attachment may be used.
Since the sheer intermediate spacers 714 are positioned towards the front, the open blind has the appearance of a fabric sheer draped across the window or doorway. In this position, incoming light is diffused and the blind remains more or less transparent. Rotating the opaque fabric end strips 710, 712 so that they are parallel to the plane of the light source will reduce the amount of light passing through the blind.
FIG. 33 is a partial plan view of a vertical blind panel according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. The present embodiment provides a means to reduce the amount of components to be carried by a standard hook of a head rail. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the vertical blind panel 800 of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the vertical blind panel shown in FIGS. 8A-8C, including alternating substantially opaque fabric louvers 810 and sheer transparent or translucent fabric spacers 820, each of the spacer 820 connecting together a spaced apart pair of louvers 810. As in previous embodiments, frangible hinges 812 are formed between louvers 810 and spacers 820. A louver hook 814 is attached to the top vertical edge portion of the louvers 810. As explained in further detail below, the louver hooks 814 allow the louvers 810 to hook over the top of rigid auxiliary louvers disposed behind the louvers 810 or over other hooks attached to other components of the vertical blind assembly. The louver hooks 814 are preferably formed of plastic, although any other suitably light weight and rigid material may be used. The louver hooks 814 are attached to the louvers 810 by any suitable method, such as, for example, ultrasonic bonding or adhesive.
The process of assembling a vertical blind using the vertical blind panel 800 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 35 and 36. In this assembly process, auxiliary louvers 830, similar to those discussed previously with reference to FIG. 19, are used in conjunction with the vertical blind panel 800. In particular, auxiliary louvers 830 are first hung from head rail hooks, and then each louver 810 is hooked onto a top edge of a respective auxiliary louver 830 using the louver hooks 814, as shown in FIG. 35. As shown in FIG. 36, connector strips 840, similar to those discussed previously with reference to FIG. 18, may also be used in conjunction with the auxiliary louvers 830 and the vertical blind panel 800. In this case, connector strip hooks 842 are formed at the top edge of each of only the outer two bands of the three-band connector strip 840. The connector strip hooks 842 are preferably smaller than the louver hooks 814. This is so that the louver hooks 814 can hook over the connector strip hooks 842 when both the louver hooks 814 and connector strip hooks 842 are hooked onto an auxiliary louver 830, as shown in FIG. 36.
FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing a louver hook 814 hooked over a connector strip hook 842 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. A notch 816 is formed in the top center portion of the louver hook 814 to provide clearance for the head rail hanger hook. Similarly, a notch 844 is formed in top center portion of the connector strip hook 842. Energy directors 818 are formed across the louver hook 814 to facilitate the attachment of the louver 810 to the louver hook 814 via ultrasonic bonding. Similarly, energy directors 846 are formed across the connector strip hook 842 to facilitate the attachment of the connector strip 840 to the connector strip hook 842. An example of an ultrasonic welding device used to attach the louver hook 814 and the connector strip hook 842 is Model 2220T220PB-L2, Basic 2200W 220 Press, available from Dukane Corporation of St. Charles, Ill.
As shown in FIG. 37, a clip 850 may also be formed at the bottom edge portion of each louver 810. The clips 850 are attached to the louvers 810 by any suitable method, such as, for example, ultrasonic welding or adhesive. The clips 850 are preferably made of a flexible material, such as plastic. As shown in FIG. 37, the clips 850 are attached to the back of the louvers 810 so that the clips 850 wrap around the edges of a corresponding auxiliary louver 830. This arrangement forces the louvers 810 to very closely follow the movements of the auxiliary louver 830. FIG. 38 is a perspective view of a clip 850 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The clip 850 may include a number of energy directors 852 extending vertically across the width of the clip 850. The energy directors 852 aid in the ultrasonic bonding of the clips 850 to the louvers 810. Hook portions 854 are formed at the ends of the clip 850 for wrapping around a corresponding auxiliary louver 830.
In some embodiments of the present invention, top and bottom edges of the vertical blind panels are designed to have a folded and sewn hem. In these embodiments, the vertical blind panels are either engineered with fold and sew markings or open ended to be cut to length. However, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the open ended vertical blind panel may be cut to length using an ultrasonic cutting device. This will cut and seal the edges simultaneously so that they will not unravel. This method also leaves a much cleaner, more attractive edge, and eliminates the need for sewing or hemming. An example of a suitable ultrasonic cutting device is Model UFF2, 40 kHz Hand Slitter, also available from Dukane Corporation. Alternatively, the bottom edge of the vertical blind panel can be folded and ultrasonically bonded to form a hem, without requiring sewing.
The machinery used in the manufacture of the above vertical blind embodiment incorporating the frangible connection of the invention, in the most general terms is warp knitting machinery. Warp knitting is best defined as the creation of fabric from individual yarns by forming stitches along the direction of the warp. The stitches and yarns forming those stitches are continuous and run vertically through the fabric in the warp direction. This separates warp knitting from circular knitting, also known as weft knitting, where the stitches and yarns run horizontally through the fabric in the weft direction. Weaving is entirely different as there are no stitches and fabric is formed by interlocking warp yarns running vertically and weft yarns running horizontally in an over/under fashion.
More specifically, jacquard warp knitting machinery is preferably used in the production of the above described blinds. Jacquard warp knitting machinery allow the combination of fabric forming mechanics of warp knitting with pattern forming possibilities of the Jacquard patterning system. As will be obvious to a person of skill in the art, there are many different machine types within this group. Examples of suitable jacquard warp knitting machinery are the Karl Mayer Model RJC 3/2F and the Karl Mayer Model RJCE 4/2F, both of Karl Mayer GmbH, Germany.
The Karl Mayer Model RJC 3/2F is a 3 bar, double jacquard, warp knitting machine. The gauge on this machine is 18 needles per inch, useful for production of “fine gauge” blinds, but it can be set to other gauges. The double jacquard feature offers the flexibility of 2 completely separate patterning mechanisms. One of the jacquard mechanisms is used only for decorative patterning. The other is used for both decorative patterning and the creation of the connectors in the frangible hinges and the tear away fringes disclosed above.
There are 3 separate bars that manipulate yarn for incorporation into the fabric. Two are the jacquard bars as mentioned above. The third is a bar that creates the pillar stitch. Different yarns can be loaded into each of the bar positions to create additional contrasts within the pattern.
Typically, jacquard bar 1 will be loaded with a relatively heavy yarn or a combination of heavy and light yarns, jacquard bar 2 will be loaded with a lighter yarn and the pillar bar, creating the base structure of the fabric, will be loaded with a yarn that meets the mechanical need of the fabric being manufactured.
The Karl Mayer Model RJCE 4/2F is a 4 bar double jacquard, warp knitting machine. The gauge on this machine is 9 needles per inch, useful for production of “coarse gauge” blinds, but it can be set to other gauges. The double jacquard feature offers the flexibility of 2 completely separate patterning mechanisms. One of the jacquard mechanisms is used only for decorative patterning. The other is used for both decorative patterning and the creation of the connectors in the frangible hinges and the tear away fringes.
There are 4 separate bars that manipulate yarn for incorporation into the fabric. Two are the jacquard bars as mentioned above. The third is a bar that creates the pillar stitch. The fourth is a bar that inlays a stabilizing yarn for added rigidity. Different yarns can be loaded into each of the bar positions to create additional contrasts within the pattern.
Typically jacquard bar 1 will be loaded with a relatively heavy yarn or a combination of heavy and light yarns, jacquard bar 2 will be loaded with a lighter yarn and the pillar and stabilizing bars, creating the base structure of the fabric, will be loaded with a yarn that meets the mechanical need of the fabric being manufactured.
Many different combinations of yarns for the manufacture of these blinds are possible, and would be obvious to a person of skill in the art. One yarn combination used on an RJC 3/2F machine is as follows:
Jacquard Bar 1: 300 denier, 68 Filament, Semi Dull, Textured Polyester. This is a heavy yarn used to create bold pattern designs and to impart opacity to the blind louvers.
Jacquard Bar 2: 50 Denier, 24 Filament, Semi Dull, Filament Polyester, Regular Tenacity. This is a lighter yarn used to create some pattern effects as well as the connectors for the frangible hinges and tear away fringes. The critical specification of this yarn is its tensile strength which is lower than the yarns used to create the pillar stitches.
Bar 3: 70 Denier, Semi Dull, Textured Polyester, High Tenacity. This is the yarn used to form the pillar stitches which are the base structure for the fabric. High tenacity yarn is used to increase the strength and assure that the structure of the fabric is not damaged when the louvers are separated.
A second yarn combination, used on a RJCE 4/2F machine, is as follows: Jacquard Bar 1, Top: 150 Denier, 50 Filament Polyester. This is a medium yarn which is used in conjunction with other yarns to create contrasting bold pattern effects and impart opacity to the blind louvers.
Jacquard Bar 1, Bottom: 3 Ply, 150 Denier, 34 Filament Polyester. This is very heavy yarn used in conjunction with the yarn in jacquard bar 1, top above.
Jacquard Bar 2: 70 Denier Polyester, Regular Tenacity. This is a lighter yarn used to create some pattern effects as well as the connectors for the frangible hinges and tear away fringes.
Bar 3: 70 Denier, Semi Dull, Textured Polyester, High Tenacity. This is the yarn used to form the pillar stitches which are the base structure for the fabric. High tenacity yarn is used to increase the strength and to assure that the structure is not damaged when the louvers are separated.
Bar 4: 70 Denier, Semi Dull, Textured Polyester, High Tenacity. This yarn is used as a stabilizer to add rigidity to the fabric.
Yarn tenacity is defined as the maximum load that can be applied to a yarn before breaking, expressed in grams per denier. When comparing polyester yarns of different deniers, the thicker yarn (higher denier) will be stronger. But, since the tenacity is expressed in grams per denier, they may have the same tenacity rating. It is for this reason, for the intent of having one yarn be stronger than another, that tenacity is only important if the two yarns are of relatively the same denier. Below is a comparison of two 70 denier polyester yarns from the same supplier, one regular tenacity and one high tenacity. These data were copied from test results and yarn specifications provided by the yarn manufacturer, Dillon Yarn Corporation of Patterson, N.J. The high tenacity version has a 22.7% increase in tenacity over the regular version.

















1/70/34




1/70/36
High Tenacity



ITEM
Regular Polyester
Polyester









Actual Denier
 76.8
 66.5



Tenacity Grams/Denier
 4.97
 6.10



Elongation
 24.4%
 17.63%



Breaking Strength, Grams
381.7
405.6










It will be appreciated from the above noted description of various arrangements of embodiments of the present invention, that a frangible connection in a form of hinge or a tear away fringe has been described which is employed in the production of vertical blinds from single panels of fabric. It will also be appreciated that the features described in connection with each arrangement of the invention are interchangeable to some degree so that many variations beyond those specifically described are possible. For example, fabric panels incorporating components other than those for vertical blinds may also be frangibly connected by the present invention as disclosed herein.
Although the present invention has been described to a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has been made by way of example, and changes in detail or structure may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

## Claims

1. A vertical blind assembly comprising:
at least one vertical blind panel, the at least one vertical blind panel comprising:
a plurality of partially opaque louvers;
a plurality of sheer transparent or translucent spacers, each of the plurality of spacers disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of partially opaque louvers;

a plurality of substantially opaque auxiliary louvers, each one of the plurality of substantially opaque auxiliary louvers disposed behind a respective one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers;
a plurality of frangible hinges, each one of the plurality of frangible hinges being disposed between a respective one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers and an adjacent one of the plurality of spacers; and
a plurality of louver hooks, each of the plurality of louver hooks being attached to a top edge portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers, wherein each louver hook hooks over a top edge of a corresponding auxiliary louver.

2. The vertical blind assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of louver hooks is attached to the plurality of louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.

3. The vertical blind assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of auxiliary louvers are made of a rigid material.

4. The vertical blind assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of frangible hinges comprises at least one connector yarn alternately traversing between pillar stitches of a respective one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers and pillar stitches of an adjacent one of the plurality of spacers, the at least one connector yarn having a tensile strength less than the pillar stitches traversed by the connector yarn.

5. The vertical blind assembly of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of clips, each of the plurality of clips being attached to a corresponding one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers, wherein the plurality of clips connect the plurality of partially opaque louvers to the plurality of auxiliary louvers.

6. The vertical blind assembly of claim 5, wherein the plurality of clips are attached to the plurality of substantially opaque louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.

7. The vertical blind assembly of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of clips comprises at least one hook portion that wraps around a corresponding auxiliary louver.

8. The vertical blind assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
at least one other vertical blind panel; and
a connector strip that attaches the at least one vertical blind panel to the at least one other vertical blind panel, the connector strip comprising:
a sheer first band disposed between an end auxiliary louver and an end partially opaque louver of the at least one vertical blind panel;
a sheer second band disposed between an end auxiliary louver and an end partially opaque louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel; and
a sheer center band disposed between the first band and the second band, the first band, the second band and the center band being attached together by frangible hinges.

9. The vertical blind assembly of claim 8, further comprising a first connector strip hook attached to the first band and a second connector strip hook attached to the second band, wherein the first connector strip hook hooks over a top edge of the end auxiliary louver of the at least one vertical blind panel, and the second connector strip hook hooks over a top edge of the end auxiliary louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel.

10. The vertical blind assembly of claim 9, wherein the louver hook of the end partially opaque louver of the at least one vertical blind panel hooks over the first connector strip hook, and the louver hook of the end partially opaque louver of the at least one other vertical blind panel hooks over the second connector strip hook.

11. The vertical blind assembly of claim 9, wherein the louver hooks of the end partially opaque louvers are larger than the first and second connector strip hooks.

12. The vertical blind assembly of claim 9, wherein the first connector strip hook is attached to the first band and the second connector strip is attached to the second band by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.

13. A vertical blind panel comprising:
a single sheet of material, comprising:
a plurality of partially opaque louvers;
a plurality of sheer transparent or translucent spacers, each of the plurality of spacers disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of louvers; and

a plurality of frangible hinges, each one of the plurality of frangible hinges disposed between a respective one of the plurality of louvers and an adjacent one of the plurality of spacers;
a plurality of louver hooks, each of the plurality of louver hooks being attached to a top edge portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers, wherein each louver hook hooks over a top edge of another component of a vertical blind assembly.

14. The vertical blind panel of claim 13, wherein the plurality of louver hooks is attached to the plurality of louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.

15. The vertical blind panel of claim 13, further comprising a plurality of clips, each of the plurality of clips being attached to a corresponding one of the plurality of partially opaque louvers, wherein the plurality of clips connect the plurality of partially opaque louvers to other components of a vertical blind assembly.

16. The vertical blind panel of claim 15, wherein the plurality of clips are attached to the plurality of substantially opaque louvers by at least one of ultrasonic welding and adhesive.