# Patent

## Title
Integrated circuit devices with power supply detection circuitry

## Abstract

Integrated circuit devices are provided that include power detection circuits that indicate whether power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. The power detection circuits include latches coupled to power supplies that can detect whether all the power supplies have reached functional voltage levels, logic circuits to provide appropriate output signals, and well bias circuits that supply current to the power detection circuits. Well bias circuits provide current from first power supplies to reach functional voltage levels so that indication may be provided from the power detection circuit without requiring functional voltage levels of all power supplies. Outputs from power detection circuits can be combined with control signals, for various applications. Applications include holding an integrated circuit device in reset until power supplies have reached functional voltage levels.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/753,056, filed Jan. 6, 2004, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/327,284 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,737,885), filed Dec. 20, 2002, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/935,186 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,549,032), filed Aug. 22, 2001, which claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60/227,069, filed Aug. 22, 2000. All of the prior applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to integrated circuit devices, and more particularly to integrated circuit devices coupled to multiple power supplies, that include power detection circuitry.
With the advent of high speed and low power applications for integrated circuit devices, integrated circuit devices have been developed that are supplied with currents from power supplies of different voltages. Generally, core processing logic within programmable logic devices is powered with lower voltage power supplies, and I/O (Input/Output) drivers that drive external signals are powered with higher voltage power supplies. For example, circuits within one integrated circuit device may be implemented with TTL (transistor-transistor logic), in which a logic-1 signal is nominally at 5 volts, while a logic-0 signal is nominally of zero voltage; LVTTL (Low Voltage TTL, which exists in a 3.3-volt version or a 2.5-volt version); PCI (Peripheral Component Interface, which may require a 3.3-volt power supply); SSTL (Series Stub Terminated Logic, which has several variants); GTL (Gunning Transceiver Logic); GTL+; and HSTL (High Speed Transceiver Logic, which has several variants). Additional signaling schemes that are based on other voltage levels have been developed, and continue to be developed.
Indication of whether all power supplies to an integrated circuit device have reached functional voltage levels may be useful for various applications. One application is to keep circuits within the integrated circuit device inactive through application of an internal reset signal that is further qualified by a signal that indicates whether all power supplies to the integrated circuit device have reached full/nominal rail levels, thereby preventing damage to the circuits. Therefore, it may be desirable to provide integrated circuit devices that include power detection circuits that indicate whether power supplies have reached functional voltage levels.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Integrated circuits, such as PLDs, in accordance with this invention include power detection circuits that indicate whether power supplies coupled to the integrated circuits have reached functional voltage levels. The power detection circuits typically include various latches, well bias circuits, and logic circuits that provide output signals to indicate whether power supplies that are being monitored have reached functional voltage levels.
In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a preset latch may be coupled to some clear latches that control the output of the power detection circuit. The preset latch controls the clear latches, and thus the output of the power detection circuit, when the monitored power supplies have not reached functional voltage levels. Under these conditions; the power detection circuit outputs a first logic level, indicating that the power supplies have not reached functional voltage levels.
When all power supplies monitored by the power detection circuit have reached functional voltage levels, the preset latch may be turned off, and the clear latches may then control the output signal of the power detection circuit. Under these conditions, the power detection circuit outputs a second logic level, indicating that the power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Various logic circuits may be used to couple the preset latch with the clear latches. These logic circuits may be arranged for redundancy so that at least one logic circuit is powered up when a first power supply is at functional voltage level. Well bias circuits may be used to achieve this result.
Applications of power detection circuits include using the output signals of power detection circuits to condition reset signals, thereby holding integrated circuit devices in reset until power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Circuits may be provided in accordance with the present invention that condition reset signals with outputs from power detection circuits so that a reset signal may be generated that is conditional upon power supplies reaching functional voltage levels.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic block diagram of an illustrative power detection circuit constructed in accordance with the invention.
FIGS. 1a-c are more detailed but still simplified schematic block diagrams illustrating particular aspects of the FIG. 1 circuit.
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic block diagram showing a more generalized use of the FIG. 1 circuit in accordance with the invention.
FIGS. 3-4 are simplified schematic block diagrams of an illustrative use of the FIG. 1 circuit in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic block diagram of an illustrative system employing a programmable logic device in accordance with the invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the principles of the present invention, an integrated circuit device (such as a programmable logic device) may be provided with one or more power detection circuits. The power detection circuits may monitor power supplies at various locations within the integrated circuit device. In one embodiment of the invention, power detection circuitry may be provided to monitor power supplies at each I/O pin of the integrated circuit device.
An illustrative power detection circuit in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. Power detection circuit 100 includes preset latch 102, well bias circuits 104 and 106, logic circuits 108 and 110, latches 112 and 114, clear latches 120 and 124, and logic circuit 126.
Well bias circuits 104 and 106 may charge well bias outputs 116 and 118 to the highest voltage of the power supplies coupled to well bias circuits 104 and 106, thereby providing current from a first power supply to reach functional voltage level at outputs 116 and 118. Well bias outputs 116 and 118 are coupled to logic circuits 108 and 110, thus providing current to logic circuits 108 and 110 as soon as one of power supplies VCCN, VCCQ, and VPIN has reached functional voltage level (where VPIN is the voltage at the particular location that is being monitored, e.g., an I/O pin).
In effect, well bias circuits 104 and 106 may be configured to select a first power supply that reaches functional voltage level and to supply current from that first power supply to logic circuits 108 and 110. For example, well bias circuit 104 is coupled to two power supplies, VCCN and VCCQ. If power supply VCCN has reached functional voltage level, and VCCQ has not reached functional voltage level, bias circuit 104 may be configured to cause well bias circuit output 116 to provide current to logic circuit 108 from power Supply VCCN.
Well bias circuits 104 and 106 may also be arranged so that each power supply monitored by power detection circuit 100 is coupled to at least one well bias circuit. For example, in FIG. 1, monitored power supplies VCCN, VCCQ and VPIN are coupled to at least one well bias circuit. When one of these three power supplies has reached functional voltage level, one of logic circuits 108 and 110 is powered on.
As shown in FIG. 1, preset latch 102 is coupled to power supplies VCCN and VCCQ. Preset latch 102 may be configured so that the output of preset latch 102 may be at logic-0 level when either power supply VCCN or VCCQ is not at functional voltage level. When both power supplies VCCQ and VCCN are at their respective functional voltage levels, then the output of preset latch 102 may be floating/tri-stated.
In one embodiment of the invention, preset latch 102 may be implemented with two diode-connected transistors that are connected in parallel (when two power supplies are being monitored) wherein each transistor is also coupled to a monitored power supply. This embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 1a. FIG. 1a shows two diode-connected transistors 102a and 102b, which are connected in parallel. Transistor 102a is preferably coupled to power supply VCCQ and transistor 102b is preferably coupled to power supply VCCN. When the power supply coupled to either transistor 102a or 102b is of zero voltage, the transistor is turned on, which forces output 102c (which corresponds to output 122 of FIG. 1) to a logic-0 level. When both power supplies have reached functional voltage levels, transistors 102a and 102b are off, thus tri-stating output 102c. In other embodiments of the invention, any suitable circuit that provides an appropriate logic level when its inputs have/have not reached functional voltage levels may be used in place of a preset latch.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, logic circuits 108 and 110 may be coupled to preset latch 102 in order to invert the signal on output 122 of preset latch 102. Logic circuits 108 and 110 are identical to each other in function, and are arranged so that each is powered from a well bias circuit that selects between different power supplies. For example, logic circuit 108 is coupled to well bias circuit 104 while logic circuit 110 is coupled to well bias circuit 106. This arrangement of logic circuits 108 and 110 ensures that at least one of logic circuits 108 and 110 is powered up when one of power supplies VCCN, VCCQ, and VPIN has reached functional voltage level. As illustrated in FIG. 1b, each of logic circuits 108 and 110 may be implemented with inverter 110a so that a logic-1 level at the output of logic circuit 108 and 110 indicates that not all power supplies coupled to preset latch 102 have reached functional voltage levels.
Each of the outputs from logic circuits 108 and 110 may be coupled to clear latches 120 and 124 as illustrated in FIG. 1. When either power supply VCCN or VCCQ is not at functional voltage level, clear latches 120 and 124 are preferably turned off (i.e., the outputs of clear latches 120 and 124 are tri-stated), the outputs of clear latches 120 and 124 may be controlled by outputs from logic circuits 108 and 110, respectively, so that the outputs from clear latches 120 and 124 are held to logic-1 levels. When both power supplies VCCN and VCCQ are at functional voltage levels, preset latch 102 is preferably tri-stated while clear latches 120 and 124 may be configured to provide logic-0 levels on their outputs. In other embodiments of the invention, any suitable circuit that provides an appropriate logic level when its inputs have/have not reached functional voltage levels may be used in place of a clear latch.
When one output signal is desired to indicate that not all power supplies monitored by power detection circuit 100 have reached functional voltage levels, the outputs from clear latches 120 and 124 may be combined with logic circuit 126 to provide a HOTSCKT signal. Note that the output signal from power detection circuits in accordance with the present invention will be denoted as the “HOTSCKT” signal for convenience. Logic circuit 126 may be implemented with an OR-gate or any suitable combinatorial circuit. Logic circuit 126 may also be implemented such that it is powered up with any suitable power supply. For example, logic circuit 126 may be powered up from a power supply more likely to reach functional voltage level before any of power supplies VCCN, VCCQ, or VPIN so that power detection circuit 100 may provide an accurate HOTSCKT signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, clear latches 120 and 124 may be implemented with two transistors (when latches 120 and 124 are coupled to two power supplies), as illustrated in FIG. 1c. Each of clear latches 120 and 124 may be implemented with transistors 120a and 120b that are connected in series, as shown in FIG. 1c. When each of clear latches 120 and 124 is coupled to a power supply, each power supply may be coupled to inputs 120c and 120d, respectively. When both power supplies are at functional voltage levels (with the higher power supply coupled to input 120c), both transistors 120a and 120b may be turned on, and output 120e is preferably held to a logic-0 level. When either transistor 120a or 120b is turned off because either power supply coupled to inputs 120c and 120d are not at functional voltage levels, output 120e is preferably tri-stated.
In one embodiment of the invention, latches 114 and 112 may be coupled to logic circuits 108 and 110 in order to de-bounce output 122 of preset latch 102. Under some operating conditions, a spike in power supply voltages may cause output 122 of preset latch 102 to be momentarily at a logic-1 level instead of a logic-0 level, and vice-versa. Latches 114 and 112 may de-bounce the circuit under these operating conditions and ensure that spikes in power supply voltages do not cause instability of power detection circuit 100.
Thus, illustrative power detection circuit 100, as shown in FIG. 1, may provide an output signal, HOTSCKT, that is at a logic-0 level when both VCCQ and VCCN have reached functional voltage levels (unless VCCQ, VCCN, and VPIN are off). The level of the HOTSCKT signal is indicated in the following truth table (in relation to VCCQ, VCCN, and VPIN):
















VCCQ
VCCN
VPIN
HOTSCKT









0
0
0
0



0
0
1
1



0
1
0
1



0
1
1
1



1
0
0
1



1
0
1
1



1
1
0
0



1
1
1
0










Power detection circuits may be constructed in accordance with the present invention to monitor more power supplies than illustrated in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, illustrative power detection circuit 200 may include preset latch 202 that is coupled to power supplies, VCC1, VCC2, . . . VCCX. In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 2, logic circuits (and latches) 206, 208, . . . 212 may be configured to invert the output of preset latch 202 so as to drive the outputs of clear latches 218, . . . 222 to logic-1 levels in the event that any of the power supplies coupled to present latch 202 has not reached functional voltage level. Note that logic circuits and latches (viz. 206) are not illustrated as separate elements in FIG. 2, in order to simplify the drawings, although logic circuits and latches may be implemented as separate circuits coupled to the same nodes in power detection circuit 200.
Logic circuits (and latches) 206, 208, . . . 212 are also coupled to power supplies through well bias circuits 204, 210, . . . 214 so that at least one logic circuit may be powered up as soon as one of power supplies VCC1, VCC2, . . . VCCX, VPIN has reached functional voltage level. As soon as one of these power supplies has reached functional voltage level, logic circuit 216 may provide a signal to indicate that not all supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Logic circuit 216, which may be any suitable circuit (for example, an OR-gate or a cascade of OR-gates), may be configured to combine outputs from clear latches 218 . . . 222 so that a logic-1 level indicates that not all power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Latches 206, 208 . . . 212 may be configured to provide the same functionality as latches 112 and 114 in FIG. 1, i.e., to provide some de-bouncing capability to power detection circuit 200.
With the arrangements shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the HOTSCKT signal indicates when VCCN and VCCQ power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Integrated circuit devices, for example, programmable logic devices, are generally programmed upon power up or reset. It may be desirable to hold an integrated circuit device in reset until the power supplies supplying current to the integrated circuit have reached functional voltage levels because programming prior to fully operational power supplies may damage the integrated circuit or lead to incorrect programming.
FIG. 3 shows illustrative circuit 300 which includes OR gate 302 that may be configured to accept the HOTSCKT signal and a first reset signal as inputs. Thus, the output of OR gate 302 may be used as a second reset signal to keep the integrated circuit device in reset until both VCCN and VCCQ have reached functional voltage levels.
Instead of combining a single HOTSCKT signal with a reset signal, multiple HOTSCKT signals may be combined with an OR gate to keep the integrated circuit device in reset until all power supplies have reached functional voltage levels. Each HOTSCKT signal may be an indication of whether a different set of power supplies has reached functional voltage levels. As illustrated in FIG. 4, circuit 400 combines various HOTSCKT signals, HOTSCKT1 . . . HOTSCKTX to OR gate 402 (which may be replaced with a cascade of OR-gates) with a first reset signal to provide a second reset signal. The second reset signal may be used to keep the integrated circuit device in reset until all power supplies have reached functional voltage levels.
FIG. 5 illustrates a programmable logic device 502 of this invention in a data processing system 500. Data processing system 500 may include one or more of the following components: a processor 504; memory 506; I/O circuitry 508; and peripheral devices 510. These components are coupled together by a system bus 512 and are populated on a circuit board 514 which is contained in an end-user system 516.
System 500 can be used in a wide variety of applications, such as computer networking, data networking, instrumentation, or any other application where the advantage of using programmable or reprogrammable logic is desirable. Programmable logic device 502 can be used to perform a variety of different logic functions. For example, programmable logic device 502 can be configured as a processor or controller that works in cooperation with processor 504. Programmable logic device 502 may also be used as an arbiter for arbitrating access to a shared resource in system 500. In yet another example, programmable logic device 502 can be configured as an interface between processor 504 and one of the other components in system 500. It should be noted that system 500 is only exemplary, and that the true scope and spirit of the invention should be indicated by the following claims.
Various technologies can be used to implement programmable logic device 502 in accordance with this invention. For example, programmable logic devices can be implemented with EPROMS, EEPROMS, pass transistors, transmission gates, fuses, antifuses, laser fuses, metal optional links, ferro-electric memories, or any suitable combination thereof. From the various examples mentioned above, it will be seen that this invention is applicable to both OTP (“One Time Programmable”) and reprogrammable devices.
It will be understood that the foregoing is only illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, HOTSCKT signals may be combined with other signals in an integrated circuit device, in addition to a reset signal, so that other operations that depend on power supplies reaching functional voltage levels may be conditioned on the HOTSCKT signals. As another example of modifications within the scope of the invention, a HOTSCKT signal may be provided that is based on monitoring the power supplies that supply current to the circuits surrounding each region of programmable logic in a programmable logic device.

## Claims

1. A power detection circuit comprising:
a plurality of first circuits, wherein each first circuit has a plurality of inputs respectively coupled to a plurality of power supplies, and wherein an output of each first circuit is tri-stated when at least one of the plurality of power supplies is not at full rail level; and
a logic circuit having a plurality of inputs respectively coupled to the outputs of the first circuits and an output that is a function of the plurality of inputs.

2. The power detection circuit of claim 1 wherein the output of each of the plurality of first circuits is a first logic level when all of the plurality of power supplies are at full rail level.

3. The power detection circuit of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of first circuits comprises a clear latch.

4. The power detection circuit of claim 1 further comprising a second circuit with a plurality of inputs respectively coupled to the plurality of power supplies and an output coupled to the plurality of first circuits.

5. The power detection circuit of claim 4 wherein the second circuit comprises a preset latch.

6. A programmable logic device comprising the power detection circuit of claim 1.

7. A power detection circuit coupled to a first plurality of power supplies that provides an output signal that is at a first level when at least one of the first plurality of power supplies is not at a respective functional voltage level, and that is at a second level when each of the first plurality of power supplies is at the respective functional voltage level, comprising:
a first circuit coupled to the first plurality of power supplies;
a second circuit coupled to the first plurality of power supplies, wherein the output signal is substantially related to an output of the second circuit; and
a third circuit coupled between the first circuit and the second circuit, wherein an output of the third circuit is coupled to the second circuitry and is substantially related to a second plurality of power supplies that includes at least one power supply in the first plurality of power supplies.

8. The power detection circuit of claim 7 wherein the output of the second circuit is tri-stated when at least one of the first plurality of power supplies is not at the respective functional voltage level.

9. The power detection circuit of claim 7 wherein an output of the first circuit is tri-stated when each of the first plurality of power supplies is at the respective functional voltage level.

10. The power detection circuit of claim 7 further comprising a fourth circuit coupled between the third circuit and the second plurality of power supplies, wherein the fourth circuit supplies current to the third circuit when at least one of the second plurality of power supplies is at the respective functional voltage level.

11. The power detection circuit of claim 10 wherein the fourth circuit comprises a well bias circuit.

12. A programmable logic device comprising the power detection circuit of claim 7.

13. An integrated circuit device comprising:
a first power detection circuit coupled to a first plurality of power supplies that provides a first detection signal that is at a first level when at least one of the first plurality of power supplies is not at a respective functional voltage level, and that is at a second level when each of the first plurality of power supplies is at the respective functional voltage level; and
a control circuit with a first input coupled to the detection signal and a second input coupled to a control signal, wherein the control circuit provides an output signal that is a function of the detection signal and the control signal.

14. The integrated circuit device of claim 13 wherein the control signal is a reset signal.

15. The integrated circuit device of claim 13 comprising a second power detection circuit coupled to a second plurality of power supplies that provides a second detection signal that is at the first level when at least one of the second plurality of power supplies is not at a respective functional voltage level, and that is at the second level when each of the second plurality of power supplies is at the respective functional voltage level, wherein said control circuit has a third input coupled to the second power detection signal.

16. The integrated circuit device of claim 13 wherein the first power detection circuit comprises a first circuit coupled to the first plurality of power supplies, and wherein an output of the first circuit is tri-stated when at least one of the first plurality of power supplies is not at full rail level.

17. A programmable logic device comprising the integrated circuit device of claim 13.