FILED U.S. COURT OF AP PEALS ELEV ENT HC IR C UIT MAY 16 , 2006 THOMAS K. KAHN CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 05- 15455 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C. D o c k e tN o . 0 5 - 0 0 1 1 8 - CR- CG U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f- A p p e lle e , v ersu s J O H N W E E K S , D e fe n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt fo rth e So u th e r n D i s tr i c to f A l ab a ma

_________________________ ( M ay 16, 2006) B efo re B IR C H , B L A C K an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: J o h n R . W e e k s a p p e a ls h is 2 4 0 - m o n th s e n te n c e fo rp o s s e s s io n w ith in te n t toAfter sentenc ing, Counts 1-5 were dismissed. R4 at 156. 1 2 d is tr ib u te 2 5 g r a m s o rm o r e o f as u b s ta n c e c o n ta in in g m e th a m p h e ta m in e , in v io lati o n o f 2 1 U .S .C . § 8 4 1 (a )( 1 ). W e f in d n o er ro r in th e d istrict co u rt’s enhancem entof hi s s ent ence by si x l evel s for cr ea ti ng a s ub st ant i al ri sk t o the l i fe o f am in o r , a n d w e f

in d th a t th e s e n te n c e im p o s e d w a s n o t u n r e a s o n ab le . A c c o r d in g ly , w e A F F I R M . I . B AC KG RO UN D A fe de r a l gr a nd j ur y r e tur ne d as i x- c ounts upe r c e di ng i ndi c tm e nta l l e gi ng thatW ee ks com m i tt ed the fol l ow i ng offe nses : conspi re d t o d i stri bu t e m ore than 500 gr a m s of

m e tha m phe t a m i ne , i n vi ol a ti on of 21 U . S . C . §§ 841( a ) ( 1) a nd 846, ( “C o u n t 1 " ) ; m a n u fa c tu r e d a p p r o x im a te ly 2 1 3 g r a m s o f m e th a m p h e ta m in e , in vi ol a ti on of

21 U . S . C . § 841( a ) ( 1) , ( “ C ount2" ) ; pos s e s s e d a ppr oxi m a t e l y 213 gram s of m etham ph et am i ne, i n v i ol ati on of 21 U . S . C . § 8 41 (a )( 1), (“ C ou nt3"); w as a f el on i n p osse ss i on of se vera l fi re ar m s, i n v i ol ati on of 18 U . S . C . § 9 22 (g)( 9), ( “ C ount4" ) ; know i ngl y pos s e s s e d a n unr e gi s t e r e d s hot gun w i th both ba rr e l s c ut short erthan p er m i tt ed by l aw , i n v i ol ati on of 26 U . S . C . § 5 86 1(d), (“ C ou nt5"); a nd pos s e s s e d 25 gr a m s of as ubs t a nc e c ont a i ni ng ade t e c t abl e a m ountof m e tha m phe t a m i ne i n vi ol a ti on of 21 U . S . C . § 841( a ) , ( “ C ount6" ) . R 1- 15. W e e ks p le d g u ilty to C o u n t 6 w ith o u t ap le aa g r e e m e n t. 13

T he pr e s e nt e nc e i nve s ti ga ti on by the pr oba ti on of f i c e r e ve a l e d the fol l ow i ng e v e n ts le a d in g u p to W e e k s ’s c o n v ic tio n . I n e a r ly N o v e m b e r2 0 0 4 , o f f ic e r s w ith th e V io len t C rim es T as kF o rc e a n d th e F B I e x ec u ted a s ea rc h w ar ra n t at W ee k s’s re si dence, a m ob i l e hom e i n a tra i l erpark. W ee ks, hi s w i fe , and thei r f i ve chi l dren w e r e a ll p r e s e n t. W e e k s w a s fo u n d ly in g o n th e b e d w ith a n 1 8 - m o n th - o ld c h ild . I n the be dr oom , of

f i c e r s a l s o found m e tha m phe t a m i ne pow de rs c a tt e r e d on the be ds pr e a d, aba g of

m a r i j ua nane xtt o the be d, al oa de d pi s t ol on as he l f , a nd a qua nti ty of

dr ug pa r a phe r na l i a . E l s e w he r e i n the hous e , of f i c e r s di s c ove r e d a va r i e ty of

othe rguns , t ool s fori nge s ti ng i l l e ga l dr ugs , a nd m a t e r i a l s form a ki ng an d sel l i n g d ru g s, i n cl u d i n g : (1 ) a scal e o f th e typ e co m m o n l y u sed t o w ei g h d ru g s, (2) a m m on i a ni tra t e, (3) c offe e f i l t er s, (4) pl as ti c tub i ng , and (5) a pl as ti c c on t ai ner c o n ta in in g ap la s tic ja rth a t p r o d u c e d as tr o n g c h e m ic a l o d o ra n d c o n ta in e d 2 1 3 .8 gr a m s of am e tha m phe t a m i ne - ba s e d s ol uti on. T he s ol uti on w a s found i n the encl osed back po rc h are a of the tra i l er . In m i d-F ebruary 20 05 , st at e pol i ce offi ce rs and F B I a gent s e xecut ed another se ar ch w arra ntatW ee ks’ s hou se . A s the offi ce rs arri ved o n the sc ene, they o b serv ed W eek s th ro w d o w n a p u rp l e C ro w n R o yal b ag , a p ack ag e o f ci g arett es, a nd ac l e a rpl a s ti c ba g. T he of f i c e r s found 25 gr a m s of m e tha m phe t a m i ne i n the pl a s ti c ba g, 3. 5 gr a m s of c r y s t a l m e tha m phe t a m i ne i n the c i ga r e tt e pa c ka ge , a nd4

pa r ti a l l y bur ntc i ga r e tt e s c ont a i ni ng m a r i j ua nai n the C r ow n R oy a l ba g. T he pr oba ti on of

f i c e a l s o i nt e r vi e w e d am a n w ho ha d know n W e e ks i n 2000 a nd w ho a gr e e d t o t e s ti f y a ts e nt e nc i ng. T hi s w i tne s s r e c e i ve d t w o gr a m s of m e tha m phe t a m i ne pe rw e e k dur i ng one m onth i n 2000. I ti s e s ti m a t e d tha tW e e ks p r o d u c e d fo u rto s ix o u n c e s o f m e th a m p h e ta m in e p e rw e e kd u r in g th is tim e . A m an nam ed W i l l i am S heff i el d, w ho l at ert es ti fi ed atse nt enci ng , had coo ked m etham ph et am i ne w i th W ee ks i n 2 00 3. T he prob ati on offi ce re po rt ed that S he f f i e l d i ndi c a t e d tha the a nd W e e ks m a nufa c tur e d be t w e e n 1. 5 a nd 2. 0 ounc e s of m e th a m p h e ta m in e a p p r o x im a te ly th r e e tim e s aw e e kfo ra p p r o x im a te ly s ix m o n th s . A l l of the s e fa c t s w e r e i nc l ude d i n the pr e s e nt e nc e i nve s ti ga ti on r e por tpr e pa r e d for W e e k s ’s s e n te n c in g . B ased o n th e reco v ered m eth am p h et am i n e an d th e i n t erv i ew s o f w i tn esses, the pr oba t i on of

f i c e c a l c ul a t e d tha tW e e ks w a s a c c ount abl e for2. 53 ki l ogr a m s of m e th a m p h e t a m i n e . T h i s q u a n ti ty g a v e We e k s ab a s e o f fe n s e l e v e l o f

3 4 . T wo le v e ls w e r e a d d e d fo rp o s s e s s in g d a n g e r o u s w e a p o n s p u r s u a n t to U .S .S .G . § 2D 1. 1( b) ( 1) ( 2004) . S i x l e ve l s w e r e a dde d be c a us e the of fe ns e i nvol ve d the m anufacture of m etham ph et am i ne and crea t ed a s ub st ant i al ri sk of harm t o the l i fe of am i norpur s ua ntt o § 2D 1. 1( b) ( 6) ( C ) . T hr e e l e ve l s w e r e s ubtr a c t e d for ac ce pt ance of re spon si bi l i ty pursuantt o § 3E 1. 1. T hi s l ef tW ee ks w i th a t ot al5

offe nse l evel of 39 . B as ed on an offe nse l evel of 39 and a cri m i nal hi st ory of I , W ee ks’ s G ui del i nes r ange w as 26 2 t o 3 27 m on ths. T he st atut ory m axi m um t er m o f im p r is o n m e n t, h o w e v e r , w a s o n ly 2 4 0 m o n th s . 2 1 U .S .C . § 8 4 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( C ) . W e e ks di s put e d the dr ug qua nti ty c a l c ul a ti ons i n the pr e s e nt e nc e r e por ta nd c o n te n d e d th a t h e s h o u ld o n ly b e h e ld a c c o u n tab le fo rth e d r u g s in th e c ig a r e tte pa c ka ge a nd the C r ow n R oy a l ba g. R 1- 35 a t1- 2. H e a l s o obj e c t e d t o the e nha nc e m e ntforpos s e s s i on of ada nge r ous w e a pon, a nd the e nha nc e m e ntfor cr ea ti ng a s ub st ant i al ri sk t o a m i no r, denyi ng thatei ther e nh ance m entw as a p p lic ab le to h is c a s e . I d . a t 2 , 3 . W e e k s d id n o t, h o w e v e r , o bje c t to a n y fa c ts in the r e por t , a s i de f

r om dr ug qua nt i ti e s . S e e ge ne r a l l y i d. A ts e nt e nc i ng, the gove r nm e ntpr oduc e d t e s ti m ony f r om anum be rof of f i c e r s w ho ha d pa r ti c i pa t e d i n the s e a r c h of W e e ks ’ s hous e , a s w e l l a s f r om nu m er ou s peopl e w ho had p urchas ed m etham ph et am i ne fr om W ee ks. S ee ge ne r a l l y R 4 a t5- 103 ( t e s ti m ony of R obe r tK . T hor nt on, W i l l i a m K e i th S he f f i e l d, J e r e m y S h a n e D u b o is e , J e rr y R ip p le , a n d D e ig o T o b o n ) . T h is te s tim o n y g e n e r a lly c o n f ir m e d th e fa c ts u n c o v e r e d b y th e p r o b a tio n o f f ic e in v e s tig a tio n . S e e id . F ur the r , O f

f i c e rT hor nt on t e s ti f

i e d tha the ha d di s c ove r e d the c ont a i ne rof m e tha m phe t a m i ne - ba s e d s ol ut i on, tha ti tha d be e n “ l e s s tha n 10 fe e t ” f r om the ch i l d ren i n th e resi d en ce, th atth e so l u ti o n w as m eth am p h et am i n e o i l , w h i ch w as a6

“p r o d u c t s ta g e in th e p r o c e s s o f m a n u fa c tu r in g m e th a m p h e ta m in e ,” a n d th a t it s m e l l e d s tr ongl y of

a m m oni a . I d. a t17. T hor nt on f ur the rt e s ti f

i e d tha t , dur i ng the s e c ond s e a r c h, of

f i c e r s found thr e e s pot s i ndi c a ti ng pa s tm e tha m phe t a m i ne c ooks w i thi n fi fty y ar ds of the tra i l er . Id. at26 . F i nal l y, T ho rnt on cl ar i fi ed thathe had e rr o n e o u s ly r e p o r te d h is in te r v ie w o f S h e f f ie ld , a n d th a t W e e k s h a d d o n e tw o to thr e e m e tha m phe t a m i ne c ooks pe rm onth r a the rtha n pe rw e e k. I d. a t28. S he f f i e l d c onf i r m e d thi s , t e s ti f

y i ng tha the ha d c ooke d m e tha m phe t a m i ne w i th W e e ks a ppr oxi m a t e l y thr e e orfourti m e s pe rm onth dur i ng as i x m onth pe r i od i n 2003. I d. a t52. H e a l s o s t a t e d tha tthe c ooki ng t ook pl a c e i n the w oods be hi nd W eek s’ s trai l er, ab o u t2 0 0 -4 0 0 yard s aw ay fro m i t . Id . at4 9 . A th i rd w i tn ess, J e r e m y S ha ne D uB oi s e , t e s ti f i e d tha the ha d s t oppe d pur c ha s i ng m e tha m phe t a m i ne fr om W ee ks w hen, du ri ng a s al e, he w i tness ed W ee ks offe r aj oi ntt o h i s f i ve-y earol d c hi l d. I d. a t77- 78. B as ed o n th e tes ti m o n y, th e d istrict co u rt ch an g ed th e p ro b atio n o ff ice’s drug ca l cul ati on s, arri vi ng ata bas e off ense l evel of 32 . Id. at11 0-11 . T he di stri ct c our tove rr ul e d W e e ks ’ s obj e c ti ons a s t o the w e a pons e nha nc e m e nta nd the cr ea ti on of a s ub st ant i al ri sk t o a m i no r. Id. at11 1-12 . M ore s peci fi ca l l y, the court foun d that“ i t ’ s c l ear thatthere w as a s ub st ant i al ri sk of harm t o the l i fe of a m i no r, a nd m or e tha n one m i nori n thi s c a s e . ” I d. a t112. B a s e d on the s e f i ndi ngs , the543 U.S. 220, 125 S. C t. 738 (2005) 2 7 di stri ctcourtse tW ee ks’ s t ot al offe nse l evel at37 , w i th a cr i m i nal hi st ory c at egory of I . T he di s tr i c tc our ts e nt e nc e d W e e ks t o the s t a tut or y m a xi m um s e nt e nc e of 240 m onths , w hi c h fe l l onl y a tthe m i d- l e ve l of the G ui de l i ne s r a nge . I n i m pos i ng the s e nt e nc e , the di s tr i c tc our te xpl i c i t l y c ons i de r e d “ the s t a tut or y purpos e s of se nt enci ng , ” the ca l cul at ed G ui del i nes r ange i n W ee ks’ s c as e, the advi sory nature of the G ui de l i ne s , the qua nt i ty of m e tha m phe t a m i ne i nvol ve d, a nd the pr oxi m i ty of W e e k s ’s c h ild r e n to h is m e th a m p h e ta m in e d e a lin g s . I d . a t 1 5 2 . O n a p p e a l , W e e k s a r g u e s th a tth e d i s tr i c tc o u r tu n r e a s o n ab l y s e n t e n c e d h i m, i n vi ol a ti on of

U ni t e d S t a t e s v. B ooke r , be c a us e i te rr one ous l y a ppl i e d the 2 U . S . S . G . § 2D 1. 1( b) ( 6) ( C ) e nha nc e m e ntforc r e a ti ng as ubs t a nti a l r i s k of ha r m t o a m in o r . I I . DI S CUS S I ON W e r e vi e w the di s tr i c tc our t ' s a ppl i c a ti on of the S e nt e nc i ng G ui de l i ne s de novo, a nd i t s fa c tua l f

i ndi ngs forc l e a re rr or . U ni t e d S t a t e s v. C r a w for d, 407 F . 3d 11 74 , 11 77 , 11 78 (11th C i r. 20 05 ). A defe nd ant ’ s fai l ure t o d i sput e fac t s c on t ai ned i n apr e s e nt e nc e i nve s ti ga ti on r e por tope r a t e s a s a n a dm i s s i on of thos e fa c t s for B oo ker purpo se s. S ee U ni t ed S t at es v. S hel t on , 40 0 F . 3d 13 25 , 13 30 (11th C i r. 20 05 ) .8

P ursuantt o the S up re m e C ou rt ’ s i nstructi on s i n B oo ker, w e r evi ew a di stri ct c our t ’ s s e nt e nc e , i m pos e d a f t e rc ons ul ti ng the G ui de l i ne s a nd c ons i de r i ng the fa ct ors s etforth at18 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(a) , for unreas on abl enes s. B oo ker, 54 3 U . S . at 26 4, 12 5 S . C t . at76 7. In as se ss i ng the re as on abl enes s of ase nt ence , a di stri ct c our ts houl d c ons i de rthe na tur e a nd c i r c um s t a nc e s of the of fe ns e , the hi s t or y a nd c ha r a c t e r i s ti c s of

the de fe nda nt , the ne e d fora de qua t e de t e rr e nc e a nd pr ot e c ti on of th e p u b lic , th e p e r tin e n t S e n te n c in g C o m m is s io n p o lic y s ta te m e n ts , a n d th e n e e d to a v o id u n w a rr a n te d s e n te n c in g d is p a r itie s . S e e 1 8 U .S .C . § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 7 ) . F ur the r , w e ha ve he l d tha tas e nt e nc e w i thi n the a dvi s or y G ui de l i ne s r a nge i s not pe rs e r e a s onabl e be c a us e t o s a y tha ti ti s w oul d be t o i gnor e B ooke r ’ s r e qui r e m e nt tha tthe othe r§ 3553( a ) fa c t or s be c ons i de r e d. U ni t e d S t a t e s v. T a l l e y , 431 F . 3d 784, 786 ( 11th C i r . 2005) ( pe rc ur i a m ) . W e ha ve a l s o not e d tha tthe re as on abl enes s r evi ew i s “ defe re nt i al ” a nd focuse s on w hether the se nt ence i m pos e d “ a c hi e ve [ s ] the purpos e s of s e nt e nc i ng a s s t a t e d i n s e c ti on 3553( a ) . ” I d. a t788. T he S e nt e nc i ng G ui de l i ne s pr ovi de tha t“ [ i ] f the of fe ns e ( i ) i nvol ve d the m anufacture of a m ph et am i ne or m etham ph et am i ne; and (i i ) c re at ed a s ub st ant i al ri sk of harm t o the l i fe of a m i no r or a n i ncom pet ent , i ncre as e by 6 l evel s. ” U . S . S . G . § 2 D 1. 1(b)(6)(C). T he com m ent ar y t o § 2D 1. 1 p rovi des c er t ai n fac t ors9

thata c ou rtm ustconsi der t o d et er m i ne w hether the offens e c re at ed a s ub st ant i al r is ko f h a r m to h u m a n life o rth e e n v ir o n m e n t: (i ) T he qu ant i ty of a ny chem i ca l s or haz ar do us or t ox i c s ub st ance s found a tthe l abor a t or y , a nd the m a nne ri n w hi c h the c he m i c a l s or s ubs t a nc e s w e r e s t or e d. (i i ) T he m anner i n w hi ch hazar do us or t ox i c s ub st ance s w er e di s pos e d, a nd the l i ke l i hood of r e l e a s e i nt o the e nvi r onm e ntof h azard o u s o r t o x i c su b st an ces. ( i i i ) T he dur a ti on of

the of fe ns e , orthe e xt e ntof

the m a nufa c tur i ng ope r a ti on. ( iv ) T h e lo c a tio n o f

th e lab o r a to r y ( e .g ., w h e th e rth e lab o r a to r y is l oc a t e d i n ar e s i de nt i a l ne i ghbor hood orar e m ot e a r e a ) , a nd the n u mb e ro f

h u ma n l i v e s p l a c e d a ts u b s t a n ti a l r i s ko f h a r m. U .S .S .G . § 2 D 1 .1 , c o m m e n t. ( n .2 0 ( A ) ) . F in a lly , “[ a ]lth o u g h th e d is tr ic t c o u r t is notr e qui r e d t o i de nt i f

y as pe c i f

i c m i nor , i tm us ts ti l l m a ke af i ndi ng tha tthe de fe nda nt ’ s a c ti ons pl a c e d am i nora tr i s k. ” U ni t e d S t a t e s v. F l or e nc e , 333 F . 3d 1 2 9 0 , 1 2 9 3 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 3 ) . S ec ti on 2D 1. 1(b)(6)(C) of the S ent enci ng G ui del i nes m er el y r equi re s that th e o f fe n s e o f c o n v ic tio n in v o lv e th e m a n u fa c tu r e o f m e th a m p h e ta m in e a n d c r e a te as u b s t a n ti a l r i s ko f

h a r m t o th e l i fe o f

am i n o ro ri n c o m p e t e n t . U. S . S . G. § 2D 1. 1( b) ( 6) ( C ) . I tdoe s nots t a t e tha tthe pr oc e s s of m a nufa c tur i ng m etham ph et am i ne m ustbe the ca use of the subst ant i al ri sk of harm ati ss ue. S ee i d. M oreover, al tho ug h app l i ca ti on no t e 20 st at es thata di stri ctcourtshal l consi der10

fa c to r s r e la te d to th e p r o d u c tio n o f m e th a m p h e ta m in e , it d o e s n o t s ta te th a t a di s tr i c tc our tm a y notc ons i de rothe rw a y s i n w hi c h the of fe ns e of c onvi c ti on c r e a t e d as ubs t a nt i a l r i s k of ha r m t o the l i fe of

am i nor , a nd W e e ks c i t e s no a uthor i ty i nt e rpr e ti ng the a ppl i c a ti on not e i n thi s m a nne r . S e e U . S . S . G . § 2D 1. 1, c o m m e n t. ( n .2 0 ( A ) ) . W e e k s ’s o f

fe n s e w a s p o s s e s s io n w ith in te n t to d is tr ib u te m e th a m p h e ta m in e . W e e ks ha s c onc e de d tha thi s of fe ns e i nvol ve d the m a nufa c tur e of m e th a m p h e ta m in e . S e e A p p e lla n t’s B r . a t 1 3 . W e e k s d id n o t o bje c t to th e fa c ts in the pres ent ence re po rt , w hi ch desc ri bed h ow he w as foun d asl ee p o n a bed w i th an 18- m onth ol d c hi l d a nd 1. 8 gr a m s of m e tha m phe t a m i ne pow de rs c a tt e r e d on the bedspread, ho w nu m er ou s “ cook s” had t aken pl ac e i n the w oo ds behi nd hi s tra i l er , and h ow hi s f

i ve chi l dren l i ved i n the tra i l erw i th h i m . B as ed on these adm i tt ed fa c t s a nd the t e s ti m ony a ts e nt e nc i ng c onc e r ni ng W e e ks ’ s de a l i ng a nd us i ng dr ugs ar ou nd hi s c hi l dren, and the l evel of care he t oo k i n st ori ng drug s a nd other c he m i c a l s , the di s tr i c tc our tdi d notc l e a r l y e rri n f i ndi ng tha tW e e ks ha d c r e a t e d a subst ant i al ri sk of harm t o the l i fe of a m i no r or i n enh anci ng W ee ks’ s G ui del i nes r a n g e b a s e d u p o n th a t f in d in g . F i na l l y , ba s e d on the r e c or d, the di s tr i c tc our t ’ s s e nt e nc e w a s not unr e a s onabl e . T he c our ta c know l e dge d the s t a tut or y purpos e s of s e nt e nc i ng a nd11

the a dvi s or y na tur e of

the gui de l i ne s , a nd c ons i de r e d the qua nti ty of m e tha m phe t a m i ne W e e ks w a s r e s pons i bl e for , a nd hi s hi s t or y of c ooki ng m etham ph et am i ne and d ea l i ng and u si ng i tar ou nd hi s c hi l dren. T hu s, the se nt ence w as re as on ed and con t ai ned refe re nces t o sever al of the § 3 55 3(a) fa ct ors, such as the nature a nd ci rc um st ance s of the offe nse a nd the need for the se nt ence t o ref l ec t the s e r i ous ne s s of

the of fe ns e . A c c or di ngl y , w e f i nd W e e ks ’ s s e nt e nc e i s not unr e a s onabl e . S e e U ni t e d S t a t e s v. R obl e s , 408 F . 3d 1324, 1328 ( 11th C i r . 2005) (percuri am ) ( no ti ng that , i n revi ew i ng for r ea sonabl enes s, thi s w e do “ no texpect th e d is tr ic t c o u r t in e v e r y c a s e to c o n d u c t a n a c c o u n tin g o f e v e r y 3 5 5 3 ( a ) fa c to r. . . and exp ou nd up on ho w ea ch fa ct or pl ay ed a r ol e i n i t s s ent enci ng deci si on ”) . I I I . CONCL US I ON W e e k s a p p e a ls h is 2 4 0 - m o n th s e n te n c e fo rp o s s e s s io n w ith in te n t to d i stri b u t e 2 5 g ram s o r m o re o f a su b st an ce co n t ai n i n g m eth am p h et am i n e. B ecau se th e d is tr ic t c o u r t d id n o t e rrin e n h a n c in g W e e k s ’s s e n te n c e p u r s u a n t to U .S .S .G . § 2D 1. 1( b) ( 6) ( C ) a nd be c a us e w e f i nd tha tthe s e nt e nc e i m pos e d w a s not un re as on abl e, w e AF F I RM .