[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 214 (Tuesday, November 7, 2017)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 51589-51594]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2017-23991]


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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

Copyright Royalty Board

37 CFR Part 381

[Docket No. 16-CRB-0002-PBR (2018-2022)]


Determination of Rates and Terms for Public Broadcasting (PB III)

AGENCY: Copyright Royalty Board (CRB), Library of Congress.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Copyright Royalty Judges solicit comments on proposed 
rates and terms for use of certain works in connection with 
noncommercial broadcasting for the period commencing January 1, 2018, 
and ending on December 31, 2022.

DATES: Comments and objections, if any, are due on or before November 
27, 2017.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments and objections, identified by docket 
number 16-CRB-0002-PBR (2018-2022), by any of the following methods:
    CRB's electronic filing application: Submit comments online in eCRB 
at https://app.crb.gov/.
    U.S. mail: Copyright Royalty Board, P.O. Box 70977, Washington, DC 
20024-0977; or
    Overnight service (only USPS Express Mail is acceptable): Copyright 
Royalty Board, P.O. Box 70977, Washington, DC 20024-0977; or
    Commercial courier: Address package to: Copyright Royalty Board, 
Library of Congress, James Madison Memorial Building, LM-403, 101 
Independence Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20559-6000. Deliver to: 
Congressional Courier Acceptance Site, 2nd Street NE. and D Street NE., 
Washington, DC; or
    Hand delivery: Library of Congress, James Madison Memorial 
Building, LM-401, 101 Independence Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20559-
6000.
    Instructions: Unless submitting online, commenters must submit an 
original, five paper copies, and an electronic version on a CD. All 
submissions must include the CRB's name and docket number. All 
submissions will be posted without change to eCRB on https://www.crb.gov including any personal information provided.

[[Page 51590]]

    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or 
comments received, go to eCRB, the Copyright Royalty Board's electronic 
filing and case management system, at https://app.crb.gov/ and search 
for docket number 16-CRB-0002-PBR (2018-2022). For documents not yet 
uploaded to eCRB (because it is a new system), go to the agency Web 
site at https://www.crb.gov/ or contact the CRB Program Specialist.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Anita Blaine, CRB Program Specialist, 
by telephone at (202) 707-7658 or email at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#50332232103c3f337e373f26"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="4427362604282b276a232b32">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background

    Section 118 of the Copyright Act, title 17 of the United States 
Code, establishes a statutory license for the use of certain 
copyrighted works in connection with noncommercial television and radio 
broadcasting. Chapter 8 of the Copyright Act requires the Copyright 
Royalty Judges (``Judges'') to conduct proceedings every five years to 
determine the rates and terms for the section 118 license. 17 U.S.C. 
801(b)(1), 804(b)(6). In accordance with section 804(b)(6), the Judges 
commenced the proceeding to set rates and terms for the period 2018-
2022 on January 5, 2016. 77 FR 71104.
    In the Federal Register notice, the Judges requested interested 
parties to submit petitions to participate. 81 FR 256 (January 5, 
2016). Petitions to Participate (``PTP''s) were received from: The 
American Society of Authors, Composers and Publishers (``ASCAP''); 
SESAC, Inc.; Broadcast Music, Inc. (``BMI''); Educational Media 
Foundation (``EMF''); National Public Radio (``NPR'') and the Public 
Broadcasting Service (``PBS''), jointly; National Religious 
Broadcasters Noncommercial Music License Committee (``NRBNMLC''); the 
Church Music Publishers' Association (``CMPA''); \1\ the National Music 
Publishers' Association (``NMPA''), The Harry Fox Agency (``HFA''), 
National Association of College and University Business Officers 
(``NACUBO''), and David Powell.\2\
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    \1\ CMPA's PTP was filed late with permission of the Judges. See 
Order Granting Church Music Publishers' Motion to Accept Late 
Petition to Participate (May 6, 2016). The Judges received no 
written direct statement from and no notice of settlement from or 
regarding CMPA.
    \2\ Mr. Powell's Petition to Participate was dismissed on August 
16, 2016. Order Dismissing Petition to Participate of David Powell.
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    The Judges set the timetable for the three-month negotiation 
period, see 17 U.S.C. 803(b)(3), and directed the participants to 
submit written direct statements no later than November 7, 2016. Notice 
of Participants, Commencement of Voluntary Negotiation Period, and Case 
Scheduling Order (Mar. 25, 2016). The Judges amended the case schedule 
twice to accommodate ongoing negotiations. See Order for Further 
Proceedings and Modified Case Schedule (Aug. 12, 2016). In July and 
September 2016, several participants filed notices of settlement and 
proposed rates and terms for adoption. No participant filed a written 
direct statement. See Order Requiring Submission of Proposed 
Regulations by National Public Radio and Public Broadcasting System at 
1 (Oct. 19, 2017).
    There are two ways copyright owners and public broadcasting 
entities \3\ may negotiate rates and terms under the section 118 
statutory license. First, copyright owners may negotiate rates and 
terms with specific public broadcasting entities for the use of all of 
the copyright owners' works covered by the license. Section 118(b)(2) 
provides that such license agreements ``shall be given effect in lieu 
of any determination by the * * * Copyright Royalty Judges,'' provided 
that copies of the agreement are submitted to the Judges ``within 30 
days of execution.'' 17 U.S.C. 118(b)(2). The Judges received one 
agreement in this category for which no further action is required.\4\
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    \3\ A ``public broadcasting entity'' is defined as a 
``noncommercial educational broadcast station as defined in section 
397 of title 47 and any nonprofit institution or organization 
engaged in the activities described in paragraph (2) of subsection 
(c)'' of section 118. 17 U.S.C. 118(f).
    \4\ The Judges received an agreement from BMI on October 24, 
2017. They anticipate receiving two others (from ASCAP and SESAC). 
Submission of NPR and PBS at 1 (Oct. 25, 2017).
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    Second, copyright owners and public broadcasting entities may 
negotiate rates and terms for categories of copyrighted works and uses 
that would be binding on all owners and entities using the same license 
and submit them to the Judges for approval. Section 801(b)(7)(A) 
provides that the Copyright Royalty Judges shall provide to those that 
would be bound by the terms, rates, or other determination set by any 
agreement in a proceeding to determine royalty rates an opportunity to 
comment on the agreement and shall provide to participants in the 
proceeding under section 803(b)(2) that would be bound by the terms, 
rates, or other determination set by the agreement an opportunity to 
comment on the agreement and object to its adoption as a basis for 
statutory terms and rates; and that the Copyright Royalty Judges may 
decline to adopt the agreement as a basis for statutory terms and rates 
for participants that are not parties to the agreement, if any 
participant described in clause (i) objects to the agreement and the 
Copyright Royalty Judges conclude, based on the record before them if 
one exists, that the agreement does not provide a reasonable basis for 
setting statutory terms and rates.
    17 U.S.C. 801(b)(7)(A).
    On or about September 1, 2017, the Judges received a joint 
submission from ASCAP, BMI, HFA, NACUBO, NMPA, NRBNMLC, and SESAC 
containing proposed regulations that integrated the several separately 
filed proposals within this category. On October 25, 2017, the Judges 
received two more proposals within this category, one from NPR and PBS 
and a joint proposal from HFA, NMPA, PBS, NPR, and CPB.\5\
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    \5\ The PTP from NPR and PBS covers CPB (the Corporation for 
Public Broadcasting).
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NACUBO Joint Proposals

    The joint proposals of NACUBO and each of ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC 
propose to modify the royalty rates set forth in Sec.  381.5. The rates 
proposed in the NACUBO/BMI and NACUBO/ASCAP submissions reflect a 
modification of the fees in different rate tiers. NACUBO/BMI Joint 
Proposal at 5, App. A. NACUBO/ASCAP Joint Proposal at 5, App. A. The 
NACUBO/SESAC submission retains a flat rate which they propose 
adjusting, starting in 2018, by the change in the Consumer Price Index 
or one-and-a-half percent, whichever is greater. NACUBO/SESAC Joint 
Proposal App. A.

NRBNMLC Joint Proposals

    The joint proposals entered into by NRBNMLC and each of HFA/NMPA, 
ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC propose carrying forward unchanged the current 
provisions set forth in Sec. Sec.  381.1 (except to replace ``January 
1, 2013'' with ``January 1, 2018'' and ``December 31, 2017'' with 
``December 31, 2022''), 381.2, 381.9, and 381.11.
    The joint proposal between NMPA/HFA and NRBNMLC states that the 
rates in Sec.  381.7(b)(4) should be modified. NMPA/HFA and NRBNMLC 
Joint Proposal at 2-3.
    Each of the joint proposals between NRBNMLC and ASCAP, BMI and 
SESAC propose modifications to Sec.  381.6. ASCAP and NRBNMLC Joint 
proposal at 3; BMI and NRBNMLC Joint proposal at 5; SESAC and NRBNMLC 
Joint proposal at 3.

NPR/PBS Joint Proposals

    NPR and PBS filed a joint proposal with NMPA and HFA to modify fees 
in

[[Page 51591]]

Sec.  381.7, a change that reflects the same percentage increase made 
in the prior rate period because such increase ``is fair and 
reasonable.'' HFA/NMPA and NPR/PBS Joint Proposal at 2.
    NPR and PBS filed proposed changes to fees in Sec.  381.4 pursuant 
to negotiated license agreements with ASCAP, BMI, and SESAC. The 
changes conform to analogous changes in Sec. Sec.  381.5 and 381.6.
    As noted above, the members of the public and participants in this 
rate proceeding may comment and object to any or all of the proposed 
regulations contained in this notice.

List of Subjects in 37 CFR Part 381

    Copyright, Music, Radio, Television, Rates.

Proposed Regulations

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the Copyright Royalty 
Judges propose to amend part 381 to chapter III of title 37 of the Code 
of Federal Regulations as set forth below:

PART 381--USE OF CERTAIN COPYRIGHTED WORKS IN CONNECTION WITH 
NONCOMMERCIAL EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING

0
1. The authority citation for part 381 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 17 U.S.C. 118, 801(b)(1) and 803.


Sec.  381.1   [Amended]

0
2. In Sec.  381.1 remove ``2013'' and, in its place, add ``2018'', and 
remove ``2017'' and, in its place, add ``2022''.
0
3. Amend Sec.  381.4 as follows:
0
a. Revise paragraph (a);
0
b. In paragraph (c) remove ``2013'' and, in its place, add ``2018'', 
and remove ``2017'' and, in its place, add ``2022''; and
0
c. Remove paragraph (d).
    The revision reads as follows:


Sec.  381.4  Performance of musical compositions by PBS, NPR and other 
public broadcasting entities engaged in the activities set forth in 17 
U.S.C. 118(c).

* * * * *
    (a) Determination of royalty rate. The following rates and terms 
shall apply to the performance by PBS, NPR and other public 
broadcasting entities engaged in activities set forth in 17 U.S.C. 
118(c) of copyrighted published nondramatic musical compositions, 
except for public broadcasting entities covered by Sec. Sec.  381.5 and 
381.6, and except for compositions which are the subject of voluntary 
license agreements: The royalty shall be $1.
* * * * *
0
4. Amend Sec.  381.5 by revising paragraph (c) to read as follows:


Sec.  381.5  Performance of musical compositions by public broadcasting 
entities licensed to colleges and universities.

* * * * *
    (c) Royalty rate. A public broadcasting entity within the scope of 
this section may perform published nondramatic musical compositions 
subject to the following schedule of royalty rates:
    (1) For all such compositions in the repertory of ASCAP, the 
royalty rates shall be as follows:
    (i)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Number of full-time students        2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  <1,000.........................            $352            $359            $366            $373            $380
Level 2................................  1,000-4,999....................             407             415             423             431             440
Level 3................................  5,000-9,999....................             557             568             579             591             603
Level 4................................  10,000-19,999..................             722             736             751             766             781
Level 5................................  20,000 +.......................             908             926             945             964             983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Level 1 rates as set forth in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this 
section, shall also apply to College Radio Stations with an authorized 
effective radiated power (ERP), as that term is defined in 47 CFR 
73.310(a), of 100 Watts or less, as specified on its current FCC 
license, regardless of the size of the student population.
    (2) For all such compositions in the repertory of BMI, the royalty 
rates shall be as follows:
    (i)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Number of full-time students        2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  <1,000.........................            $352            $359            $366            $373            $380
Level 2................................  1,000-4,999....................             407             415             423             431             440
Level 3................................  5,000-9,999....................             557             568             579             591             603
Level 4................................  10,000-19,999..................             722             736             751             766             781
Level 5................................  20,000 +.......................             908             926             945             964             983
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Level 1 rates, as set forth in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this 
section, shall also apply to College Radio Stations with an authorized 
effective radiated power (ERP), as that term is defined in 47 CFR 
73.310(a), of 100 Watts or less, as specified on its current FCC 
license, regardless of the size of the student population.
    (3) For all such compositions in the repertory of SESAC, the 
royalty rates shall be as follows:
    (i) 2018: The 2017 rate, subject to an annual cost of living 
adjustment in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(vi) of this section.
    (ii) 2019: The 2018 rate, subject to an annual cost of living 
adjustment in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(vi) of this section.
    (iii) 2020: The 2019 rate, subject to an annual cost of living 
adjustment in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(vi) of this section.
    (iv) 2021: The 2020 rate, subject to an annual cost of living 
adjustment in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(vi) of this section.
    (v) 2022: The 2021 rate, subject to an annual cost of living 
adjustment in accordance with paragraph (c)(3)(vi) of this section.
    (vi) Such cost of living adjustment to be made in accordance with 
the greater of
    (A) The change, if any, in the Consumer Price Index (all consumers, 
all items) published by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor 
Statistics during the twelve (12) month period from the most recent 
Index, published before December 1 of the year

[[Page 51592]]

immediately prior to the applicable year, or
    (B) One and one-half percent (1.5%).
    (4) For the performance of any other such compositions: $1.
* * * * *
0
5. Amend Sec.  381.6 as follows:
0
a. Remove from the first sentence of paragraph (a) the words ``which 
are''; and
0
b. Revise paragraph (d).
    The revision reads as follows:


Sec.  381.6  Performance of musical compositions by other public 
broadcasting entities.

* * * * *
    (d) Royalty rate. A public broadcasting entity within the scope of 
this section may perform published nondramatic musical compositions 
subject to the following schedule of royalty rates:
    (1) For all such compositions in the repertory of ASCAP, the 
royalty rates shall be as follows:
    (i) Music Fees (Stations with 20% or more programming containing 
Feature Music):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $697            $711            $725            $739            $754
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................           1,243           1,268           1,294           1,319           1,346
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................           1,864           1,901           1,939           1,978           2,017
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............           2,486           2,535           2,586           2,638           2,691
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............           3,107           3,169           3,232           3,297           3,363
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............           3,728           3,803           3,879           3,956           4,035
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............           4,349           4,436           4,525           4,615           4,708
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............           6,214           6,338           6,465           6,594           6,726
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Talk Format Station Fees (Stations with <20% Feature Music 
programming):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $697            $711            $725            $739            $754
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................             697             711             725             739             754
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................             697             711             725             739             754
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............             870             887             905             923             942
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............           1,087           1,109           1,131           1,154           1,177
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............           1,305           1,331           1,357           1,384           1,412
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............           1,522           1,552           1,583           1,615           1,647
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............           2,175           2,218           2,262           2,308           2,354
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    (2) For all such compositions in the repertory of BMI, the royalty 
rates shall be as follows:
    (i) Music Fees (Stations with 20% or more programming containing 
Feature Music):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $697            $711            $725            $739            $754
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................           1,243           1,268           1,294           1,319           1,346
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................           1,864           1,901           1,939           1,978           2,017
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............           2,486           2,535           2,586           2,638           2,691
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............           3,107           3,169           3,232           3,297           3,363
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............           3,728           3,803           3,879           3,956           4,035
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............           4,349           4,436           4,525           4,615           4,708
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............           6,214           6,338           6,465           6,594           6,726
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Talk Format Station Fees (Stations with <20% Feature Music 
programming):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $697            $711            $725            $739            $754
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................             697             711             725             739             754
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................             697             711             725             739             754
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............             870             887             905             923             942

[[Page 51593]]

 
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............           1,087           1,109           1,131           1,154           1,177
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............           1,305           1,331           1,357           1,384           1,412
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............           1,522           1,552           1,583           1,615           1,647
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............           2,175           2,218           2,262           2,308           2,354
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (3) For all such compositions in the repertory of SESAC, the 
royalty rates shall be as follows:
    (i) Music fees for stations with > = 20% Feature Music programming:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $152            $155            $158            $161            $164
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................             253             258             263             268             274
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................             380             388             396             403             411
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............             507             517             527             538             548
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............             634             647             660             673             686
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............             760             775             790             806             822
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............             887             905             923             941             960
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............           1,268           1,293           1,318           1,344           1,371
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Talk fees for stations with <20% Feature Music programming:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                          Calendar years
                                                 Population count        -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               2018            2019            2020            2021            2022
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1................................  0-249,999......................            $152            $155            $158            $161            $164
Level 2................................  250,000-499,999................             152             155             158             161             164
Level 3................................  500,000-999,999................             152             155             158             161             164
Level 4................................  1,000,000-1,499,999............             177             181             185             188             192
Level 5................................  1,500,000-1,999,999............             222             227             231             236             240
Level 6................................  2,000,000-2,499,999............             266             271             277             282             288
Level 7................................  2,500,000-2,999,999............             311             317             323             330             336
Level 8................................  3,000,000 and above............             444             452             461             470             480
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (4) For the performance of any other such compositions, in 2018 
through 2022, $1.
* * * * *
0
6. Amend Sec.  381.7 as follows:
0
a. Revise paragraphs (b)(1)(i)(A) through (D) and (b)(1)(ii)(A) through 
(D);
0
b. Revise paragraph (b)(2)(i) through (iv); and
0
c. Revise paragraph (b)(4)(i) through (iii).
    The revisions read as follows:


Sec.  381.7  Recording rights, rates and terms.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1)(i) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               2018-2022
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(A) Feature.................................................     $118.70
(B) Concert feature (per minute)............................       35.65
(C) Background..............................................       59.99
(D) Theme:
(1) Single program or first series program..................       59.99
(2) Other series program....................................       24.36
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               2018-2022
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(A) Feature.................................................       $9.81
(B) Concert feature (per minute)............................        2.58
(C) Background..............................................        4.26
(D) Theme:
(1) Single program or first series of program...............        4.26
(2) Other series program....................................        1.69
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (2) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               2018-2022
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Feature.................................................      $12.85
(ii) Concert feature (per minute)...........................       18.86
(iii) Background............................................        6.44
(iv) Theme:
(A) Single program or first series program..................        6.44
(B) Other series program....................................        2.57
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (4) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               2018-2022
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Feature.................................................        $.81
(ii) Feature (concert) (per half hour)......................        1.69
(iii) Background............................................         .41
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
0
7. Amend Sec.  381.10 as follows:
0
a. In paragraph (a), remove ``2013'' and, in its place, add ``2018'', 
and remove ``2017'' and, in its place, add ``2022'';
0
b. Revise paragraph (b);
    The revision reads as follows:


Sec.  381.10  Cost of living adjustment.

* * * * *
    (b) On the same date of the notices published pursuant to paragraph 
(a) of this section, the Copyright Royalty Judges shall publish in the 
Federal Register a revised schedule of the rates for Sec.  381.5(c)(3), 
the rate to be charged for compositions in the repertory of SESAC, 
which shall adjust the royalty

[[Page 51594]]

amounts established in a dollar amount according to the greater of
    (1) The change in the cost of living determined as provided in 
paragraph (a) of this section, or
    (2) One-and-a-half percent (1.5%).
    (3) Such royalty rates shall be fixed at the nearest dollar.
* * * * *

    Dated: October 31, 2017.
Suzanne M. Barnett,
Chief U.S. Copyright Royalty Judge.
[FR Doc. 2017-23991 Filed 11-3-17; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 1410-72-P


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