TWENT

ANNUAL 

O

SECRETARY 

1

UNITE

GOVERNMENT 

WASHI

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents W
ORGANIZATI

Secretary of Commerce 

Assistant Secretary of Co

Assistant Secretary of Com

Special Assistant to the Secreta

Solicitor 

Administrative Assistant to the 

Chief Clerk and Superintend

Director Bureau of Air Comm

Director of the Census 

Director Bureau of Foreign and 

Director National Bureau of S

Commissioner of Fisheries 

Commissioner of Lighthouses 

Director Coast and Geodetic S

Director Bureau of Navigation a

Commissioner of Patents 

Director United States Shipping 

11
Expenditure

Public works allotmen

Changes in organizati

Functions of the Departm

Economic review 

Reciprocal trade agreements prog

Foreign and domestic comme

Aircom

Lighthouse Servic

Enforcing navigation and steamb

Surveying and mappin

Fisheries 

Cen

National standards 

Patents 

Merchant marine 

Foreign trade zones 

Business Advisory Coun

Fishery ndvisory committ

Now legislation recomme

RE

CHIEF CLERK AND SUPERINTENDEN

6pace in Commerce rt 

mific Inteternanatioio nal Expositio

DSapan Diego eg Calif

sDivision of Accoccounts 

M receipts 

Appointment Division 

Division of Publications 

Division of Purchases and Sales 

Department Library 

Traffic Office 

OFFICE OF SOLICITOR

BUREAU OF AIR COMMERCE 

The

Regulationo

Federal lotion ofairair sys

commerce

system 

Development of flying equipment 

Airports 

gag

6contaal aeronautical chartsof Administration and disseminaticnfom

nom 

Appropriations personnel and air navigatio

facilities 

BUREAU of THE CENSUS 

Introduction 

Census of agriculture 

Census of American business 

Special surveys of business establishment

Biennial census of manufactures 

Annual report of manufactures 

Monthly and quarterly industrial reports 

Cotton and action seed 

Financial statistics of States and publiebodie

vital statistics 

Lifa tables gaga 

Estimates of population 

Specialpopulationcepsus 

Permanent stpal Institutional potior2 ul 

Report on Negroes United in the o States 

Searching old population recordsds 
IV

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

activities 

tY 

and measures 

Apower 

try 

lies and sound 

and fibrous materials 

rgY 

d silicate products 

ad practice 

Rridarde 

Ad speafcations 

financial statement 

BUREAU OF FISHERIES

Federalagencies

ionthe fisheries

sea otters walruses and see

LiGHTHomm SERVICE

Improvements in apparatus and equipment

Administration

Personnel Lighthouse depots

Dghthouse tenders

Lighiships Operation and construction Lighthouse

Service fiscal year 1935

Progress of vessels under construction or

completed

Progress of special works under construction

or completed

Descriptem of important works completed

COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY

Review of theYear

Relief of unemployment and economic

Public distressvalue of the project

Improvements in equipment

Cooperation with other agencies

Charts

Miscellaneousdata
TWENTYTH

SECRETAR

To the CONGRESS OF THE U

I have the honor to su

Report of the Secretary of 

June 30 1935

The Congress directly a

regular expenditures of th

year ended June 30 1935 

from other depat tments i

bronght the total disburse

ceipts totaled 9032 473 m

The data in the followin

emergency appropriations 

nds were allotted to the 

PUBLICW

All items relating to pub

eliminated from the regul

ment with the understand

t to the Federal Emergency 

funds for work of this cha

The following allotment

this Department and obliga

Bureau

Air Commerce 

Coast Fisheriesand GeodeticSurve

Lighthouses

Navigation

tandards

and Steamboat Inspection 

Total 
vI REPORT OF THE SE

The work performed by the v

this agency is discussed in grea

report dealing with the activitie

CHANGES 

The activities of the Mineral

Domestic Commerce concerned 

of mineral commodities were t

Bureau of Mines Department 

visions of Interior Department 

1936 approved May 9 1935

Owing to the failure of the 

Federal Employment Stabilizat

close of June 30 1935

FUNCTIONS O

The functions of the Departm

the promotion of industry and 

and property in the air on th

past year the greater part of the 

in guarding the interests and 

This protection is one of the 

partment sbureaus In the ye

of the funds appropriated to 

maintenance and operation of 

the interest of safe navigatio

aeronautic inspection and th

traffic and to the safeguarding 

and measures

In addition to these regula

promotive services in the intere

These include aids in simplify

proving output in eliminatin

ti n and in relieving the unem

conservation and growth of t

tects inventions through the i

collects and tabulates populat

useful to the public business a

activities of the Burean of th

the Nation are guided and ass

irade information and data va

lected from all parts of the wo

use of American business and i

ECON

The fiscal year 1935 marked 

from the depression which rea

19333 after an almost con

The outstanding feature of the 

balanced relationship establis

following the irregular improv
REPORT OF THE 

ceding year As a result 

nificance comparable with th

The visible evidence of th

rity in the past year is su

progress Taking only the 

mates of national incmneit 

ble increase was registered 

are not available for fiscal 

national income paid out am

approximately5000

Each of the major industria

all major types of payment

the present time sufficient d

trend of national income w

of these data it is estimate

ing the first half of the ca

percent higher than in th

cially noteworthy was the 

estimated at approximately 

a

about a fifth of tht figur

cates that these have been 

current calendar year

Among the qualitative c

may be mentioned the foll

the agu icultural industry 

industries notably in the r

part of the year 3 wides

ing resulting in a soinewh

tribution than existed in th

price structure with farms 

and prices of finished produ

5 an improved banking 

for credit 6 a reopenin

funds although refunding 

bond market and 8 con

field To summarize the ye

spots in the national econo

toward

the

the vast 

built up during the depress

Profits in business gen

earnings of industrial cor

reached the highest level 

increase in profit gains is 

public utility industries T

ing with a larger deficit th

public utility field are com

A tabulation of the prof

latter half of the fiscal yea

with 380 70 0 in 1934 a
VIII REPORT OF THE S

Major e

Based on calendenyear average 192325 as 100 

on calendayea

added June

310 and month

Indus trial

Lionuo1

Mann factor pr0 Log

lion tlon market income lugs Csh fromar C

c

1920 89 91 

1921 74 73 

1922 74 75 

1923 98 98 

1924 98 97 

1925 99 99 99 

1926 105 106 103 

1927 109 108 100 

1928 106 106 100 

1929 118 Its 100 

1930 110 110 98 

1931 87 86 72 

1932 70 69 51 

I933 67 66 45 

1934 83 82 57 

1935 81 80 61 

Percemnechauge

1935 from 1933 209 21 356 

1935 from 1934 24 24 70 

Monthly trend

fiscal year 1934

35July 76 74 73 

August 73 72 66 

September 71 69 56 

October 73 72 58 

November 75 73 56 

December 86 85 56 

January 90 90 55 

February 89 88 58 

Memo 88 86 60 

April 86 86 69 

May 85 84 64 

June 86 84 60 

Comparison final

month of fiscal

years 1929 35

June 1929 125 127 94 

June 1930 98 97 89 

June 1931 83 82 58 

June 1932 59 58 39 

Tune 193 3 91 93 70 

June 1934 84 83 66 

June 1935 86 84 60 

1 Monthly figures adjusted for seasonal vari

rental and benefit payments

Movement of commodity prices

The even trend of commod

products during the fiscal yea

movements of the preceding 

was characterized by a rather 

trial articles at the level esta

have enjoyed whatever advan

tively stable general price leve

prices of many individual c

fluences of the demandsupp

products Farm and food prices rose 

27percent increase in prices 
REPORT OF THE 

rise in wholesale food price

percent above the average f

changes in general broug

tween farm and industrial 

100 the various wholesale 

fiscal year were as follows 

792foods 860and all 

The increase in food pric

cost of living However t

and was more than offset 

weekly earnings of factory 

cent while their living co

figures from the National 

pared with 1932 33 the ris

been much more raid tha

The trend of retail price

even course of wholesale p

chandise Fairchild sinde

but averaged the same as f

cent higher than in the fisc

Agricultural income higher

The improvement in rura

in the recovery experienced 

ulation was struggling wi

debt burden with its resu

general unrest and insecu

industrial commodities in r

income has been expanded 

margin above existing obli

equipment and supplies T

gages on easier terms has 

of fixed charges

Notwithstanding the effe

history which drastically 

reduced the number of live

and benefit payments for 

in 1934 and 60 percent abov

about 6 percent larger than 

from livestock amounted to 

fit payments of071200 

ceding fiscal year and were 

income from marketings

The yield of 1934 crops 

data of the Department o

was the lowest since 1866 t

In the calendar year 1935 

indicated by the crop es

below normal

While the crop disasters 

and particular areas of the 

higher price level for farm 

large agricultural surpluse
REPORT OF THE S

with the notable exception of c

close of the fiscal year

Prices of farm products rose 

ment of Agriculture index adva

of 111 in February following 

102 in the final month of the f

cent above the preceding fiscal 

Industrial production still low bu

The opening month of the fi

readjustment of industrial prod

in operations in the final quart

trend was downward until Oct

Federal Reserve Board stood a

compared with 86 in the prece

months ended January the ind

receded to 86 by the final month 

Industrial output for the yea

Board sindex was slightly less 

21 percent above the fiscal year 

index to advance further was 

industries to maintain the fast 

Thus while pigiron production 

was 14 percent less than in 1933

was 74 percent above that of 1

193334 It should be noted 

stocking of raw steel occurred in 

it would be incorrect to assume t

consumption of steel The tre

suming industries was generally 

Other important manufactu

cluded the cotton textile and s

experienced another difficult yea

was minor but the further gain 

ord for this industry

Among the outstanding incre

those recorded for consumers du

was up one fourth vacuum clea

erator sales 5 percent and oil b

As compared with the low yea

been much larger automobile 

percent above the year 193233 

expected that production of a

1929 with the output of truck

that year

Considerable variation was s

the larger industries in 193435 

the broadening of the recovery 

example was less than 40 perc

while steel production was less 

than two thirds and cotton co

the other hand some leading ind

volume than in 192829 Amo

leather boot and shoe electric po
REPORT OF TH

industries Production an

gregate were considerably 

basis the showing was even 

population during the pas

Construction industry improv

Among the favorable de

ment in the construction 

building based on an im

rents and the general enh

ture of the contract statis

However activity in the co

pared with that of the po

industry is still of serious 

Residential contracts aw

fiscal year were at a rate a

year however the index 

one third of the 192325 av

awarded in the 37 States 

statistics was 21 percent hi

the total was only 14 pe

Awards for all types of co

year owing to the decline 

from the exceptionally larg

The Federal Housing A

paign for repairs and reno

loans The results were ref

funds but in a downward 

ment operations through t

responsible for relieving th

volume of lieCorporatios

fiscal rear was 26077 012 

earlier The reopening of 

suspension in November of 

flood of applications which 

year This was in line wit

in the mortgage and real e

Railways still in difficulties

The past year was anoth

try While passenger traff

come and with the efforts g

ness through the use of imp

volume of freight traffic up

placed failed to expand 

less than in the preceding f

the depression low registe

Reserve Board sindex for 

base which was 42 percent 

is undoubtedly influenced t

merchandise moved by tru

are not available

3

Gross revenues of the c

277 139 000 a decrease 
xII REPORT OF THE SE

There was a decline of 18 perce

tially offset by the 21percent g

cline in gross revenues coupled 

reduced the net railway operati

000 This amount was insuffici

roads thus contributing furthe

earlier years of the depression

The Interstate Commerce Co

granted a rather broad freight 

in April These higher rates i

tial amount of revenue and the

of the year

Retail trade shows a larger spendin

Retail sales reports for the y

spendable income than in 193

purchase articles more freely o

tion of future earnings Consu

chased largely on time payme

gains

Consumer expenditures for t

mobiles were estimated to have 

in the preceding period and mor

A large number of the cars purc

such regions have also reported 

eral merchandise The index o

showed an increase in comparis

percent and 54 percent respe

trade as reflected in the depa

smaller the gain over 193334 

19 percent

Employment and pay rolls

Employment conditions impr

year as the gains of the prece

tended in some industries whic

in the early stages of improve

including the income of salary 

in the year 193334 although d

extent of the rise In the cale

percent in comparison with 193

was probably relatively less sin

the benefit of the exceptionally 

Factory pay rolls based on on

averaged 83 percent higher th

55 percent above the low year 1

workers averaged about 6 perc

ing to sample data wbile hou

rose above the 1929 average T

percent in the average numbe

sulting from the 5percent incr

goods industries For the yea

industries averaged only two t

with 89 percent for the nondur
REPORT OF TI3

Employment in the 16 no

the Bureau of Labor Statist

ing from the gain of 11 per

29 percent in quarrying and 

groups however suffered a 

in these Industries varied fro

ing the only one to show 

metalliferous mining Gain

the pay rolls of the hotel c

grous Ipn comparison with the 

gain in employment of ap

half of whom were absorbe

million was absorbed by tra

not reduced to the same e

employable Population T

for further solution is that 

Financial developments

In the financial field the 

tions of trends and moveme

with the exception that luri

were evidences of a reope

were mainly for refunding 

volume of new capital raise

was relatively free from fai

Bank deposits continued t

very low Net demand de

cities increased 2919 000

as a result of heavy gold 

vestments particularly Gov

gold importation of over a 

stock to the record high of

investments of reporting m

14 percent and investme

742 000 or 11 percent 

clined 468 000or 15 pe

of last year were at pract

These figures reflect the wr

well as the failure of a sub

desirable clients

Despite the increase in 

volume of bank deposits m

legal requirements rose to 

principal factor accounting 

was the heavy gold inflow n

credit outstanding remaine

year The activities of g o v e 

strengthen the weak points 

in the refinancing of mortga

the fiscal year The Recon

eipal lending agency autho

amount of1454 931 68 
xIv REPORT OF THE 

to banks and trust companies 

depositors of closed banks an

and 173 399 730 represented 

notes and debentures of banks 

financial agencies were author

Commercial failures were lo

made a very favorable compar

more The number of failure

16 percent while liabilities 

222 737 000or about 32 perc

Easy money conditions res

funds in banks enabled cor

effect substantial reductions i

operations Several corporate 

4 percent and municipalities 

low as 2 percent Total dome

ing purposes amounted to 310

mately double that of the pre

of that for the year ended 

amounted to 1294 000or 

ing year but were only 15 pe

1929 Corporate issues made 

the balance going to States an

Government credit agencies

The gross debt of the Fed

000 at the end of June 193

1935 The net balance in the 

was 740 57671 below the figu

tion of the remaining wartime 

estbearing obligations and sh

ing the year on terms yielding 

average interest rate on the o

reduced from 318 to 270 perc

annual interest charge on the 

of a rise in the total debt

General revenues increased 

general expenditures increased 

penditures amounted to 365

deficit A part of these expe

will be repaid in due course a

that repayments to the Recon

the fiscal year exceeded the am

Foreign trade gains

Following the expansion in 

was a further increase in the 

percent during the past y

tity exports declined 4 perce

unehanged

Among the more significant 

of manufactured products an

On a quantity basis agricultu

the lowest since 1877 Exports 
REPORT OF TH

of the preceding year ow

price of crude foodstuffs e

percent In terms of qua

28 percent while the tota

less than last year Whea

almost disappeared from 

1935

Manufactured foodstuffs 

proximately 19 percent bu

percent in total value On

class packinghouse produ

in quantity and 22 percent 

Foreign tr

E

Year ended June 30

Tat

1929 537

1930 469

1931 3 CA

1932 194

1933 141

1934 204

1935 212

reree19355 Iromchange 1933 3 

1935 frmo 1933 i 4 

i Estimated by fiscal year for calendar y

Exports of crude materia

ucts fell off sharpl in 19

crudematerials class increa

of this class declined 24 pe

value Exports of raw cott

quantity and 25 percent less 

tured tobacco declined 21 p

cent in value

Semiruanufachu esand fin

in unit value but increased 

The increase in quantity fo

for finished manufactures 1

ports of finished manufactu

the products of this class t

modities was particularly 

mobiles and motor trucks f

percent in quantity and 40 p

The domestic shortage and 

were reflected in the imports 

creased 9 percent in unit va
xvI REPORT OF THE 

factored foodstuffs increased 

in terms of quantity The to

and manufactured increased 

Imports of finished manufa

and only a negligible amount 

rials and semimanufactures 

value

During 1935 foreign nation

which have tended to stifle in

This has been responsible to 

curred in our trade Althoug

to take a larger proportion of 

area exports to Psurope decli

compared with 1934 The lar

occurred in the trade with Oc

greater increases occurred in e

Asia Imports from Europ

year ago while those from 

substantially

RECIPROCAL TRAD

Negotiations in connection 

program authorized in June 

American foreign trade have 

of activities in the Departme

of Foreign and Domestic Com

Prospective negotiations fo

ciprocal reduction of tariffs a

now unduly restricting the s

market of the other have thu

governments Collectively t

than 40 percent of American 

countries of Europe Belgium 

Netherlands and colones Sp

Latin America Brazil Colo

American Republics and Ca

of Foreign and Domestic Com

preliminary studies of the trad

that are being considered for p

Thus far six Reciprocal Tra

concluded by the United St

Sweden and Colombia The 

American trade agreementth

tion for a sufficient period to 

witnessed a marked revival of 

ing benefits to the producers 

pend upon the other smarket

The various studies require

naturally constituted a major 

Foreign Tariffs second only 

was called upon for special ta

of the countries with which th
REPORT OF THE 

intention to negotiate trade 

investigations in connection 

staff has been called upon 

required in the general form

To supply basic data for the

Regional Information has 

studies The Finance Divis

sections of the country st

use of the interdepartmenta

upon to furnish financial da

The Division of Foreign T

able service while every 

Bureau has performed a va

ance of the Department se

gram to a successful consu

Also in connection with t

the district offices have mad

communities the data and 

to submit briefs try or atte

Reciprocity Information

The trade agreements pro

ticularly heavy burden on 

order to coordinate the ppr

present these data to the 

fectively the Bureau recalle

to each counti vlisted fo

commercial attaclus have 

for a period of from 6 mo

Thev have had to coordina

the Bureau write analyses 

country in all commodities 

material before the interd

sideration and decision T

from the field specialized me

in their respective foreign 

community has undoubledlp 

ments program

FOREIGN AN

The processes of economic 

yearwith a consequent i

endeavors and a greater dem

diatelY reflected in the fas

of the work performed by 

Commerce For example 

by the Division of Forei m

over the preceding Year T

firms requested from the Co

30 percent The number o

the Bureau sdistrict offices 

ber in recent preceding yea

chemical developments in 4

24516352
xVIII REPORT OF THE 

close of the fiscal year was e

print at once Another indic

the Bureau of Foreign and D

of paid subscriptions to the Bs

Commerce has doubled with

services

are indicative of the growt

The Bureau has consistent

of the Federal Government 

ment Administration in conn

of market agreements and su

of socalled exotics in the 

cant assistance to the Federa

especially the Divisions of La

Rehabilitation and Economic 

to the Tennessee Valley Auth

cal production It has freq

with the Reconstruction Fina

tions in different branches of 

loans to individual firms It 

benefit of its data on dmnpin

and similarly vital matters

There have been many nota

and cooperation between the 

commercial and industrial org

Having been assigned the a

the Forcin Trade Zones Act 

municipalities with the terms 

will be established and has als

and War Departments in p

which they will operate Th

search as to foreigntradezone 

this country may have the ad

practices

The Finance Division inves

fore a number of vital aspec

ments of the United States p

for additional information h

initiated for example a censu

States Since students of eco

for a presentation of balance

year the Bureau prepared an

half of the calendar year 193

The facilities of the Bureas

been employed to the utmost 

new legal developments abro

studies of current taxation a

ness with or within foreign ju

At the request of the Treas

from collectors of customs the 

foreign trade in gold and silv

by country of origin and des

initiated
REPORT OF THE 

A study of the longterm d

mental units in this country 

The Bureau sMarketing an

November 1934 being set u

number 6Market Data Wh

Market Marketing Service 

Retail Credit Survey has be

on 12 trades in 79 cities inste

years The Retail Trade S

Housing Administration and 

elaborate study of store mo

The SpecialtiesMotion Pic

a recently organized group w

ational facilities for children 

mand a fund of several mill

this movement is essentially 

stimulating possibilities hav

activities

During the year the Bures

tion has been active in conn

covering a broad field of com

ities and more than a dozen 

national in character

AIR 

Outstanding among the ac

during the fiscal year 1935 w

Federal Airways System st

ing to air lines and investigat

projects aimed at the develo

private owners

On the Federal airways th

landing fields and radio d

The Federal airways system 

the beginning of the fiscal y

by June 30 1935

Under Public Works Adm

under construction during th

OmahaChlr igo relocation 388 m

New York Poston relocation 31S 

Louisville Inlianapolis too mile

GalvestonWaco 212 miles 

TulsaSt Louis 351 miles 

All were in operation at 

of the SpokaneBozeman se

and the entire NashvilleWa

construction

Besides the foregoing th

appropriation and surplus 

equip airway sections from B

to concord 63 miles and to 

section from St Petersburg 

Of technical advances on 

velopment of the fiscal yea
xx REPORT OF THE 

for landings The Bureau s

from the Army Air Corps 

tests the system was found t

ment was being installed 

Washington Hoover Airpor

port Newark N J Arrang

installations

Simultaneous transmission 

directional signals and voice 

and a station placed in op

Pittsburgh Pa

In regulation of air comm

set of air line regulations req

aircraft for all night flights 

operations manuals covering 

sions of air line systems thes

of Air Commerce multi eng

and an approved operating 

above clouds

A proposed draft of Spec

covering structural requirem

nance and performance tests 

air line operators for comme

in addition to the general air

struction of all licensed ai

issued with October 1 as the 

the new edition the airwor

been brought into line with 

made in aerodynamic resear

dures since the publication o

A new procedure for inve

civil aeronautics made poss

an amendment to the Air Co

important powers given to t

authority to conduct public 

issue public statements on 

provision of law prohibiting 

reports of investigations a

growing out of the accidents

The Bureau sdevelopment 

this report was concentrate

construction and developme

fortable and lower priced a

were awarded for constructio

various features designed to 

lines indicated Other contra

powered with automobile eng

use instead of gears in conn

airplanes an aviation engine 

Experiments have been condu

engines

Man ynew sectional aerona

were issued during the year 
REPORT OF TI3E 

made possible by a Public Wo

and printed for the Bureau by 

LIGHTH

The retirement of George 

houses on May 31 brought 

for the advances along admin

accomplished over the long p

important technical service 

as chief of the Lighthouse S

office of Commissioner of Lig

appointment of H D King 

for a number of years super

tricts along the Atlantic coas

The introduction of modern 

been the normal result of th

point where reliability was a

most marked during the past 

brought about a constant impr

to navigation Growth of th

while the costs of operation h

has been a gradual reduction 

Through the medium of fun

Administration which have 

Lighthouse Service has been 

plans for the improvement o

the past 2 years Included 

major light stations the ove

housing conditions at 10 ligh

signal and radiobeacon equi

The plant by means of which 

proved by means of funds fr

house depots have been provid

at 10 others 2 new district 

3 new lighthouse tenders hav

tensively overhauled This 

nearing completion has been 

as well as in bringing about e

house Service

A system of flashing light

has been developed and tried 

be put into effect in all lightho

calendar year By means of 

will be apprised of such sal

successive reaches of narrow 

other isolated clangers This 

tion to the present system u

have a definite significance w

recognizable at night

Outstanding among the im

vision of radio control for a

Lakes This ship is now op
Xxii REPORT OF THE 

head light and auxiliary fog 

while the radiobeacon and 

radio from a shore station 8 m

Another improvement in t

ment of an auxiliary warni

Nantucket Shoals Lightship 

beacon A new lightship for 

to replace No 117 sunk by c

embody all the latest improve

At the close of the fiscal y

to marine navigation this be

vious vear There were 1013 

being no longer necessary or a

aids

ENFORCING NAVIGATION A

The work of the Bureau o

is a considerable factor in t

seaworthy and their crews mo

Since the series of disaste

curred during the past year o

activities designed to prevent 

great a degree as possible A

A small force of the personn

in investigating the construct

to stability In the case of 

studies were of great practical 

This is the first time that any 

such work

The FiftySecond Supplem

was published on June 18 195

tors The amendments inclu

governing tests and inspectio

lifeboats and equipment var

apparatus and fire alarms s

toward the added safety of s

The regulations covering lic

siderably strengthened and ru

station drills have been prom

personnel efficient and discipli

The work of the Bureau s

inspections greatly increased 

operation with the small mo

to the end that the operators 

in safety matters This wil

annual accidents and explosio

A new system for the colle

violations of the navigation la

much study of the Interstate 

ports This system will mak

casualties with a view to the

The Coastwise Loadline Ac

merce shall make differentials 
REPORT OF THE 

trades in which they are enga

direction that no loadline sha

The act further makes it p

shall have a greater margin o

ordinaryy cargo carrier

The FiftyFirst Suppleme

known as the Boiler Cod

These regulations are the res

of experts on the subject both 

societies interested in marine 

SURVEYIN

The work of the Coast and 

of achievement in the vigorous 

cal chartmaking activities ge

work and magnetism and ea

tection of life and property on 

reducing factors in many eng

These accomplishments fa

Bureau sregular appropriatio

allotments of publicworks 

which influenced the granting 

activities of the Bureau could 

course would produce valuab

need and that the proposed p

relief of unemployment and p

ployed engineers and men of 

of relief has been especially d

Mans lollgdelaved hydrogr

waters and harbors of the un

able for today sneeds were co

product from the triangulatio

12 months was greater than fo

conutr vand exceeds by far an

try in the world and encoura

tion with other agencies in tf

of earthquake information t

bridges and Other structures m

It is especially gratifying 

from these activities in add

material assistance to a large 

engaged in recovery measures

The services rendered by the 

work some 2300 in number w

to carry on all activities with 

acterize the Bureau sregular 

provide employment in cases 

provement in morale of these 

previous work for long perio

they were engaged on useful 

experience were of real value 

There is one phase of this m

arising from the fact that it w

and employment thereon as lo
Xxiv REPORT OF TI3E 

termination of this work the

of field data which should be 

to make the results available 

benefit of our expenditures fo

material is so great that it c

small permanent office force 

will be provided to meet this 

In reviewing the work of 

emergency operations it is gr

its efforts for internal improv

or improved methods and e

cooperative relations with o

material benefit to all concern

F

Conditions in the fishery in

during the past fiscal year as 

branches of the industry In 

have dropped As a conseque

a greater fishing effort and h

from fishing have shown little 

in direct contrast to the rise i

Another alarming condition 

lar species In one instance 

pleted the supply of haddock 

the banks off Nova Scotia so

this fish was abundant on t

believed that the strain on thes

may be eased by educating the 

lesser known species which ca

connection an exceedingly po

laboratories

Cookery was

It

compiled

rives metho

fro

of fish and shellfish taken in 

as suggestions for the econom

One of the bright spots of 

with the States particularly 

about a much higher degree o

Not only has it allowed more 

eral Government and the St

increase in production of the 

During the year with fun

parties have been making s

forests and parks with a view 

ditions in these streams affec

what species of fish are best 

that can be supported to the b

of the national forests have 

that some streams formerly 

species planted and others f

Extensive investigations to 

of oyster pests was started l

studied are the starfish in t
REPORT OF THE 

the Middle Atlantic and th

Atlantic and Gulf

The technological investiga

with the utilization of the 

canning of fishery roducts 

handling and care ofthe harv

studies on salmon cannery wa

ity vitamin active edible oil

Commercial application alre

products formerly wasted in 

finding a market

During the 1935 season jus

Pribilof Islands was 57296 

herd of seals has increased fr

last 25 years The annual r

it is expected that it will be p

million

NATION

The purchasing of Govern

tions with free competitive b

sary and advantageous To i

principles must be rigorously 

must be developed setting for

commodity and these prope

measurement 2 the deliver

whether they meet the require

In carrying out both of 

agencies the National Bureau 

tant and extensive service 

men from all branches of the 

from the Bureau sstaff nea

pared under the supervision 

Committee of which the Dire

committee reports directly to 

tial that these specifications s

tory in service and to this 

strengthened in the light of 

of the Bureau and other Gove

The testing of supplies to 

ments is an equally importa

facilities of the National Bu

more and more each year by 

ing of400 0 barrels of ce

ous construction projects of 

110 00 clinical thermometer

erans Bureau are examples

When a Government orde

paint is found to contain no 

pounds of zinc oxide contains 

is vividly realized No matte

tion may be it is fruitless 

by adequate tests
xxvI REPORT 01 TILE 

The demand upon the Bu

creased so rapidly in recen

as an important service func

municipal officials industria

who look to the Bureau as 

technical matters within its 

where the necessary informa

is made such as the recent 

of the cities of Dallas and 

dilution of west Texas natu

its use in domestic burners

The testing and informat

ment of safety codes and bu

standards and specifications 

firm foundation of fact Th

by laboratory measurements 

portant part of the Bureas

in the basic functions involv

of the Nation sstandards o

ment and support are not on

and better ways of doing u

the very foundation of furth

The principal inquiry und

fiscal year was the quinquen

the data from this census of 

jor changes which have occur

but the census itself represe

and completeness of enumer

schedules in the office resid

tabulations The first tabula

acreage and total values b

released in less than 7 month

January 2 1935

The completion of the Ce

biennial Census of Manufac

and the improvement of a n

trial reports are evidence o

increasing demands for acc

in the field of trade and i

National Recovery Adminis

industrial reporting also ch

field Several special surve

ments were conducted for 

associations

Applications have been m

tion for allotments to enable 

plete Census of Business for 

groups of concerns and serv

survey of retail trade in sele

the trend of retail distributio

on chain stores and large in
REPORT OF THE 

the individual population r

readily available accurate a

age pensions to facilitate 

Act and 4 a general ce

Youth to satisfy one of the g

uptodate information on t

their occupational characte

proved will yield data of gr

and to the numerous nongov

Bureau of the Census for rel

Attention is called to the 

with the increasing demands 

createdthe Division of Re

and Records and the Divisio

Statistics The functions of 

examined with the aid of the 

Committee to the Director of 

Officers Association Typica

in the reorganization of pe

Bureau are a Trained 

to the staff in charge of V

cating births and deaths by p

rather than by place of occ

adopted c ilunrough traini

were condncted in connection 

general recreational and we

temporary employees has bee

Special study is now bon

severely fluctuating work load 

general administration

Increase in all but one of 

Office which for a hundred y

and industrial conditions nna

eral improvement in busines

was filed in 1935 than in the 

respondence was larger mor

more deeds of assignments we

for certified copies and phot

showed a decline

A grand total of 81248 a

pared with 79690 in the p

percent

For the second year in succ

its income Receipts from a

tures were ti1153 i91 21 The 

was therefore 8111 243 46

From 1923 to 1933 both in

exceeded receipts by amoun

827 942

Concurrently with an incre

ceived in the Office there wa

cases In fact the work of th
xxvIII REPORT OF TIDE 

to date than it has been for m

cal divisions is current tha

days that is virtually cur

divisions in charge of mecha

current 56 are within 3 mon

In the course of the year 

actions was reduced from 322

was final disposition of 64599 

as patents or through their a

the close of the year were 624

Notwithstanding lack of a

cation of patents was underta

measurably even in default o

teen examiners and 25 clerks 

undoubtedly prove helpful to 

Since the last previous rep

of Practice have been made 

cedure and shortening the i

interference and its final de

designed to expedite the pros

This improvement in the R

credited to the long and pa

Advisory Committee appoin

July 1933 This Committee s

8 to 15

Some 270 junior examiners 

been promoted from grade P

peusation This recognition 

assure better morale and high

Since the several divisions 

their work the need for adv

has grown less imperative b

its practice of expediting the 

showing that the issuance o

investment of idle capital an

The revisions of the Inter

of Industrial Property made 

the United States Senate A

MERC

During the fiscal year 193

tinued the administration o

shipping acts with respect to 

chant marine Of particular 

ities under the regulatory p

portant proceedings were c

mention One related to the 

be employed by certain fo

American overseas shipping 

the practices and charges o

intercoastal trade Orders h

go for to stabilize rate stru

practices in both the domesti
REPORT OF THE 

The new financial policy has 

of overdue accounts and has 

many steamship companies 

accounts will simplify the a

Government aids to shipping

Investigations conducted by 

Postmaster General and the 

ping Policy disclosed that abu

of the existing system of provi

President on March 4 1935 a

in which the undesirable pra

were condemned and recomme

legislation to provide a syste

requirements of the industry 

of Congress on April 15 1935 

Commerce Committee of the S

Marine and Fisheries of the H

of the requirements of the Am

pation of new legislation mad

the new system of Governme

charged with the development 

of the injunction of the Presid

the construction loan fund b

account of prior loans and p

amined with a view to expe

determines the policy to be fo

The Department has contin

the Governmentowned shipp

made of the 229 vessels com

vessels which are held in rese

and a board of survey appo

Merchant Fleet Corporation 

Class 1 A first reserve for rest

Claus II A second reserve for n

Class III Vessels of insufficien

to warrant further preservation

During the fiscal year the

owned steamship lines being 

view to effecting a more efficie

tion of three of the lines wa

Atlantic ports and United Kin

It is proposed that by the con

it will be possible to serve ec

with fewer vessels and at the 

operating expenses It is exp

effective during the early part 

The Bureau has continued t

erties at Boston Brooklyn 

Charleston which are owned 

the Merchant Fleet Corporat

a hood state of repair

During the fiscal year 1935 

some improvement in genera

in foreign countries improve 
xxx REPORT OF THE 

the future The stability of 

ing power both abroad and at 

which will inure to the bene

With an improved business 

is one outstanding concern 

the vessels of the American m

immediate necessity for the 

marine many of which were 

are reaching the condition w

new and modern tonnage of t

design of our cargo vessels m

American flag on what are 

adequately serve the United 

also be constructed additiona

tain our position in the high

FOREIG

On June 29 1935 the For

of Congress June 18 1934 

and promulgated the regulati

lishment operation mainte

trade zones in ports of entry 

designed primarily to aid our 

Previous to the issuance o

an informational bulletin co

the requirements and conditio

cations for grants to operat

established by the Iegislation 

chairman the Secretary of t

The regulations provide fo

act for the Cabinet officers n

investigations attendant upo

also in the supervision of any 

tor of the Bureau of Foreig

alternate for the Secretary o

An examiners committee 

Department of Commerce t

engineer of the district in w

will conduct the investigation 

The regulations contain a d

to accompany formal applic

plicant will be carefully stud

advise communities and indiv

will be required to assume 

benefits

Since the issuance on June 

ing the establishment operat

the United States of foreign

to establish a zone on Staten 

Trade Zones Board by the m

consideration
REPORT OF THE 

A number of other municip

Board that they are now eng

establishment of a foreigntra

entry with a view to filing app

these studies will result in the 

applications

BUSINESS 

In order to better meet the 

Congress which authorized th

promote and develop foreign 

Advisory Council composed 

organized in June 1933 to m

Commerce seasoned judgment 

relation of the Department an

The council addressed itself 

how the facilities and activities 

and directed to serve business 

and report on specific problem

looking forward to safe and n

the Department for a longte

The recommendations of th

cerned with the activities of th

of valuable assistance in the 

throughout the ear Impor

gram have come tip before the

The Department has had the b

tions involving it services to 

services or changes in the exist

and advice was secured from 

business men thus providing 

affairs of the Federal departm

It is the desire of the Depar

tion between Government and 

felt that the culmination and 

found in the work of the comm

cil and of the council as a wh

affecting trade and industry 

within the council have devote

and are at this time continu

through the proper channels o

subjects of current significance 

and practical experience of in

the Government

Since many council membe

advisory groups the council 

representatives a clearing ho

industrial views on governm

For this result both business a

From its past record the De

invaluable assistance of the c

In view of the remarkably 

men their participation in th
xxxII REPORT OF THE 

partment at a time when und

the closest attention and a

the Government has not reim

that the names of the memb

this report

GENERAL 

ules A Cannon Kannapolis N 

id R Coker Hartsville S C 

1 T Compton Cambridge Mass 

B Davis Jr New York City 

my S Dennison Framingham 

R Deupree Cincinnati Ohio 

lest G Draper New York City 

m Dann New York City 

rre S du font Wilmington De

C Elbert New York City 

R IT Fnhnv Worcester MAPS 

James Il Francis Ylnfitinston W V

Waller S Gifford New York City 

A P Geeensfelder St Louis Mo 

Lew Hahn New York City 

Henry I Harriman Boston Mass 

W A Harriman New York City 

IIenry H Heimann Niles Mich 

Wetmore Hodges Santa Barbara Ca

FISHERY A

Another effective channe

Government has been opened 

ment of the Fishery Adviso

merce on March 22 1935

The primary function of 

the Secretary of Commerce 

the broad problems of the 

of the fisheries of the United 

In selecting the personne

to have represented all segm

related fields of activity W

gard and have secured the 

essors canners and distributo

sentatives from the fields o

transportation

The members of the com

bear all expense which they 

In view of the valuable ser

spirit of unselfish service tha

this opportunity of recordin

E B McGovern Seattle Wash Cha

Gardner Poole Boston Mass Vice

DrmanHenry B Bi elow Cambridge M

Howard W Bead New Haven Con

Nick Bea Seattle Wash A F Cleveland A ashington D C
REPORT OF THE 

It is estimated that the fi

dollars in normal times to t

becomes a matter of serious 

try has not as yet experien

that realized by other impo

tributing factor to this cond

action by and cooperation 

Thus the Fishery Advisory 

manding importance for it 

branches of the fisheries are 

entire industry

NEW LEGISL

A study of the needs of 

desirability for certain new l

Bureaus the Department su

of the Congress

Air commerce

The Bureau regards it a

to purchase equipment for 

contract basis and in view 

the Navy and Bureau of A

velopments it is believed th

be included with the Army 

curement

Census

The Censu Bureau is eid

to be necessary over an exte

mission to the next session 

accomplish the following obj

has been enacted since the P

vide the legal basis for a unif

coordinate the work of this 

are conducted at the same t

vide an increasing amount 

annual basis particularly w

industry and 4 reduce th

imposed upon the Bureau

117ore specifically it is pr

quiries be conducted by the 

inquiries or estimates of 

retail enterprises communic

tistics of State and local go

Some of these inquiries are n

quennial and others still de

trative problems as well as 

cmnparability It has been 

quiriesthe censuses of man

cal industries should be tak

and 7 and that the major so

occupations employment rel

24516353
XXXIV REPORT OF THE 

of its close relation to farm p

in 0 and 5

Consideration should be gi

by the Bureau for the taking 

Foreign and Domestic Commerce

The legislation regarded 

the following 1 The Com

provisions of the Departmens

29 1926 make it mandatory 

services such as lists of buye

bulletins and world trade di

the wording of the act under 

should be amended so as to p

such charges as he in his disc

experience of district officers 

it is felt that a change should 

Bureau as it may deal with re

affect occupancy in Federal 

abroad where renting periods 

fiscal that year or where mu

underlegi e provisionaffecting of thetheHo

the list of officers comprising t

these in the list of those elig

heat and light and to modify 

the Hoch Act referring to co

permitting allowances for qu

tioned in the Insular Possessio

Bureau of Fisheries

New legislation is desirable 

cries as an industry and the 

the last session of Congress p

fishery industry market new

fishery products and for othe

measure It is also intereste

convention between the Unite

concluded at Geneva Mar 3

Lighthouse Service

Legislation is deemed advisa

and reimbursement for expens

to aids to navigation There 

the act of May 28 1935 aff

reservations

Coast and Geodetic Survey

There is need for legislation 

motion of the field engineers o

sioned officers who administer 

and are responsible for its en

pose would be to make it poss

after reasonable periods of se

ring as a result of retirement 
REPORT OF TH

sible A condition of into

from an excessive number o

in the higher

Bureau of Navigation and Ste

A number of measures al

tion are of interest to th

Bureau sreorganization 

five bills drafted in the Bu

of 1 change of name of 

of supervising inspectors an

vision for traveling inspec

4 creation of a bureau te

compensation for overtime 

solidation of two bills draft

ment to the Seamen sAct 

2 provision for nnaintain

issue of certificate of se

teuded to amend certain p

extend the provision of the 

pelled vessels Among oth

n Conpines intended to im

and one providing for an 

bills have been favorably 

Merchant Marine and Fish

Patent Office

A number of bills rehn

into the Seventy fourth C

six are directed to legatio

missioner of Patents is li

are the following

S 1794 and S 1795 des

the International onventio

erty as revised at The Hagu

H R 5805 and H R 

as S 1794 and S 1795 resp

H R 4985 which propos

a single signature to a pa

a patent granted to a mu

it later develops that the i

H R 8382 which woul

duly registered to practice 

out or permit himself to 

or attorney

Shipping Board Bureau

In the interest of the m

is recommended

1 Abolition of indirec

of direct aids based on b

amendment of the Shippin

tramp ships be included in 

that interstate carriers of 

observe their actual rates 
XxxvI REPORT OF THE 

minimum rate power over c

rate power over other perso

billing by shippers be made 

penalties be provided for vio

socalled Allin amendment pr

Act 1933 4 changes in the 

Of damages in cases of collisio

for a merchant marine naval 

of 185 000 on the amount 

ing of authority for the Dep

Loan Fund until the amounts 

nues from sales and operatio

reach the maximum of 2500 

rine Act 1928 7 amendme

as provided in H R 112 Se

for the Department of Comme

tion with American commerce 

tion of The Hague rules for th

In addition to the above it 

Convention for Safety of Lif

be ratified and given full effec

Sincerely yours
REPORT 

CHIEF CLERK 

Demands on the various 

were unusually heavy durin

though limited responded w

with all work practically c

employees of the Office of the 

SPACE IN 

The space situation in the 

factory The United States 

small portion in the Comme

Approximately 90200 square 

is occupied by agencies oth

The remaining space is inad

emits and rearrangement of 

rangement is far from desira

not be had until the entire C

partment use

CALIFORNIAPACIFIC 

SAN 

The Congress having au

international celebration th

pating with exhibits from th

Because of the limited space 

the authorizing legislation a

exhibits from A Century of 

and utilized Included with 

merce building are displays 

ices and activities of the 10 

who serves as one of the Fed

nated by the President to ex

congratulations of the Fede

fornia on the opening day

DIVISIO

The following table shows 

for the variouslureaus of th

June 30 1935
REPORT OF THE 

Bureau or Office pAnnual ap Sp

797 410 214

Federal Employment

Stabilization Office 40 000 

Disbursements during the y

priations and from funils tra

as follows

Bureau or Oa ce

Total 14011 WS 

1 Dome

115345 

ion and

an 70018 1

Orvey f 112 118 25 

28978 8

a 3 413 475 20 

274 231 3 

areas 1 735 120 64 

Rtaloh

Bureau 

116ISCEL

Office of the Secretary

Copying fees 

Reimbursement of expenses 

Sale of scrap and salvaged ma

Sale of stores condemned 

ltnreau of Air Counnerce

Violation airtraffic regulati

Colnmissious on telephone pa

outside of Washington D 

Copying fees 

Reimbursement Government 

Reimbursement for transporta
4

01II11 F CLERIf 

Bureau of Air Commerce Cont

Sale of

Publications 

Scrap and salvaged m

Stores condemned 

Stores 

Allother 

Profits from bus operations 

Rent of public buildings and g

Sale Of buildings exclusive a

Sale of equipment 

Bureau of Foreign and Domestic 

Gainby exchange 

Fees under China Trade Act 

Reimbursement Government 

SalePhoto of duplications 

Publications 

All other 

Telephone and telegraph serv

Rent of equipment 

Sale of equipment 

Bureau of the Census

Copying fees 

Nortedone 

Bureau of Navigation and Steam

Reimbursement Government 

Sale o

Raste paper 

Publicatio

Scrap and salvaged mate

Fquip

Deposits of unclaimed mone

abouts are unknown 

Tonnage tax 

Tonnage tax Philippine Is

Cenerxl Feb 6 IMI A184

Fines and penalties 

Fees 

Bureau of Standards

Test ing fees 

Reimbursement excess cost o

Reimbursement of exp

Sale of scrap and salvaged m

Sale of equipmen

Bureau of Lighthouses

Fines and penalties all othe

Commissions on telephone pa

outside of Washington 

Copying fees 

Forfeitures bonds of cont

Refund on empty containers 

Reimbursement excess cost o

Reimbursement of expe

Reimbursement Government 

Reimbursement for transpor

Sale of

Publications 

Scrap and salvaged ma

Store condemned 

Stores 

Telephone and telegraph ser

Workdone 

Rent of public building an

Business concessions 

Permits fishing and hotting 
4 REPORT OF THE 

Bureau of LighthousesContinue

Pipeline water rights 

Sale of

Buildings exclusive of l

Buildings Government 

Equipment 

Land 

Land and buildings 

Coast and Geodetic Survey

Interest on deferred collectio

Copying fees 

Refund on empty containers 

Reimbursement of expenses 

Reimbursement Government p

Sale Charts

Ma

of 

Publications 

Telephone and telegraph se

Business concessions 

Sale of equipment 

Bureau of Fisheries

Reimbursement excess cost ov

Sale of

Sealskins 

Fox skins 

Scrap and salvaged mate

Stores condemned 

Subsistence 

Equipment 

Advances fox and furseal in

sion of Comptroller General 

Patent Office Fees 1935 

U S Shipping Board Bureau I

construction loan fund 

Miscellaneous Gasoline tax 

Total Department of Comm

APPOINT

At the close of the fiscal ye

from emergency funds and 

Census engaged on the work 

sonnel of the Department nu

1405 temporary Of that 

District of Columbia and 14

as of June 30 1934 was 184

porary of which number 3 

Columbia and 10847 in the f

1935 therefore shows a decre

1933

The number of employees 

under the Civil Service Ret

provisions was 653 by rea

2 by reason of involuntary se

Under the Lighthouse retirem

42 on account of disability 

have been retired under the a

30 1935
CHIEF CLERK 

DIVISION 

The following statement g

the amounts available to the 

the amounts expended and t

services other than the patent Odic

Amount

Expenditures

available 

Balance 

Patent Amount

F xPenditure

oIDeeavailable

s

Balance 

sale

By the Supe intendent of Documents Misc

By Coast andrust6n Survey Coast p

oL

chrrent tables Charts and airway 

By Patent Office 8 aheatfons of patents re

decision leaflet of Oabdal Oaeette and clos

Total 

DIVISION OF 

During the fiscal year 19

orders which including fre

accounts involved the expe

decrease in orders of 118 and 

the fiscal year 1934

It is estimated that 791 

were submitted to this office 

departmental approval by the 

Receipts from sales of the 

year 1934 the latest period 

were 543 621 56compared w

table presents a comparison f
6 REPORT OF THE 

This is an increase of 251 co

amount expended of approx

formal contracts amounting 

which is 14 more contracts 

increase of approximately 52

Through the cooperation 

ment Division material value

by transfer without the exch

Departments The material 

of a cabin cruiser four electr

tity of household furniture 

lathes and motors for the 

electrical equipment a gasolin

ware as well as desks and a

houses two dynamometers 

for the National Bureau o

equipment for the Bureau of 

In connection with the abo

mately 16000 was transferre

this Department to other bra

consisting of fuel oil dories 

house sheds and towers bul

tender Larc7e and a derrick 

DEPART

At the close of the fiscal ye

ment Library was 215 587 a

The number of books catalog

log 20611 number of boo

107percent over last year bo

from Library of Congress 4

from the Library of Congress 

to other libraries 495

TRA

The traffic office has contin

rates for both passengers and 

possible and taking advantag

standard and special water r

Phis office has also been of 

the new organizations in su

indicating transportation rul
OFFICE 

During the fiscal year ende

opinions rendered 700 cont

76 contracts of indeterminat

178 650 12 insurance policie

licenses 39 deeds amounting 

ing to 1902 394 72 annual b

bonds amounting to 390 00 

redrafted or modified In 

instruments of the Merchant 

tions for allotments submit

Emergency Relief Appropria

approved

At the beginning of the fis

tion involving 66906 035 70

143663 43and 327 cases 

at the end of the fiscal yea

reduced to 477 cases involvin

The litigation handled invo

of the activities of the Fleet 

reau although there were oth

of the Government There w

on June 30 1935 involving 

there were 58 cases involving 

ments of the Government 

986 64 involvin outside p

which this office exen ised su

dled tinder the supervision an

but active assistance was ren

the cases were prepared an

office Briefs and other plea

likewise handled

Theree were many mi cella

administrative law and pro

quently called upon to con

bureaus and render informa

reaus In this connection m

rendered

Legislative matters were h

redrafting of bills and prepa

BUREAU 

Promotion and regulatio

and operation of aids to 

Bureau of Air Commerce 

were in discharge of these r

fundamental consideration

The Federal Airways Sy

17315 to 20769 miles and 

ation of the air navigation 

hereafter

In regulation of air comm

scheduled airline operatio

of accidents which include

ments on individual major 

plishments

In the Bureau sdevelop

fiver contracts were award

planes engines and propelle

simplicity of operation red

factors

Equipment and technique 

were further developed and 

general use were being insta

The mapping program w

Public Works Administrati

charts became available du

The change of name by 

Bureau of Xir Commerce 

Director of Air Commerce 

Navigation and Air Regula

of Air Commerce Immed

following sections admin

ports Marking and Mappin

THE FEDE

The new airivays which 

construction during the fis

on June 30 were

OmaliaChicago relocatio

New York Boston reloca

Louisville Indianapolis 

GalvestonWaco 212 mile
IQ REPORT OF THE 

TulsaSt Louis 351 miles in 

New OrleansSt Louis 511 m

FargoPembina 143 miles in 

Northern Transcontinental 

operation except the sect

under construction

Nashville Washington 584 m

beacon lights installed

The foregoing was made po

Administration funds In ad

BostonPortland 98 miles and 

tially equipped by using surp

and a similar project was und

Petersburg to Orlando at the c

Of technical advances on the 

opment of the fiscal year unq

assistance for landings The 

was adapted from the Army A

thorough test by a group wor

section of the Bureau of Air C

practicable and the Air Navig

Year was installing radio trans

Washington Hoover Airport 

port ATewark N J and prep

Ground equipment of the ins

radio transmitters 1500 feet a

port and in line with the pre

proach to the runway and the 

of lights The lights oil the ai

Management since the Bureau 

airports or maintaining facilitie

The radio compass an essen

system also is a valuable inst

tion Tests conducted by the 

the spring of 1935 demonstrat

dependable for long overwate

Blind flying between termin

been for a number of years 

depart for airports where the 

may become the case when instr

tion but they nevertheless do 

tions of airports by reference t

A difficulty in operations o

directional signals and weathe

quency and thus the one has t

arrangement is required both 

channels available and by the 

tion of his radio receiver W

one frequency he does not have 

However if the pilot is flyin

airport it is very disconcerting 

rupted for a weather broadcas
BUREA

ing area perhaps at a time 

has recognized this contin

postpone broadcasts and 

continuously at times when 

This is not altogether sat

be needed by others and b

transmitters may need cont

request it To meet this c

by which radio range signa

neously upon the same frequ

received simultaneously in t

a needle pointer on the in

received in the headphones 

in operation for practical s

To mention briefly some o

location marker Directly 

beacon the airplane passes 

heardthe cone of silence 

initely the Bureau develop

light in the airplane Nine 

year A similar marker is use

indicate the exact locations 

ation is the marker for high 

by an audible signal instea

a higli tower and should ga

plete standard radio station

for installation on the new 

of the year

Studies of radio teletyp

were continued during the 

Radio transmission with a

of the iessages would enab

system for dissemination o

tem at a great financial 

actually has been ae t

receiving the messages and 

A new radio direction fin

under contract with the Bu

In the business and man

System a new maintenan

brouabt about appreciable s

complete records enabled 

promptly and withdraw 

construction

A method of marking tem

landing fields by means of 

terns was adopted making 

oountry instead of differen

A change in the routin

makes it possible for the 
12 REPORT OF THE S

weather maps covering the en

every 6 hours

A new system of ratings 

adopted providing a more flex

of these facilities in informatio

A compilation of statistics sh

the beginning and end of the fis

Item 

REGULATION 

Authority of the Secretary o

safety regulations for scheduled 

and made more explicit by an 

which became effective in June 

redrafted by the Air Regulatio

merce and issued in their revise

effective date

Some outstanding new safety 

1 Multiengine aircraft capa

functioning are to be used for 

rain where emerfency landings 

2 An air lines system is se

proval of the Bureau for the o

3 Each air line shall have an 

containing instructions on su

flight over specific airways 

through clouds at specific airp

of forced landing weather con

ciently good for clearance on 

cedures in which safety is invo

the Bureau of Air Commerce

4 An airplane which is to en

shall be multlengined and sh

good operating condition Det

instrument flying are set forth 

tions for instrument flying on 

proved operations manuals

5 To guard against fatigue 

1000 hours in a year nor more 

not fly 100 hours per month 

In reaching that total he sha

period or 30 hours in any 7da
BUREAU 

6 Dispatching procedure 

Department of Commerce 

under consideration

Also concerned with air 

Requirements for Air Line 

year and sent to aircraft m

comments and suggestions 

requirements equipment o

and performance tests An 

need to meet these special re

provisions of the airworthin

meeting them would be ass

instead of the usual C

An intensive study of the 

dition ofplots with specia

37 of the Bureau smedical 

medical examiners for thi

to these examiners every 3 m

examinations are being kep

tions pertaining to flight 

flight time limitations ment

In regulation of flying in 

requirements for aircraft b

1 1934 Completely rewr

ness requirements were bro

which had been made in ae

tices and procedures since th

the form of the publication 

published in Aeronautics Bu

than the previous 7A beca

tion on design practice we

augmented and offered in 

letin No 26 Design Inform

form so that additions and 

by furnishing new pages to 

Requirements for pilot l

date in the fiscal year 193

airplane pilots were neeessv

for lighterthanair craft pi

covering hysical condition 

engiues i it Commerce Reg

A new procedure for inv

civil aeronautics for which 

to the Air Commerce Act m

put into operation during 

given to the Bureau by this 

public hearings on acciden

ments on causes of individu

of these statements or of th

in any suits or actions grow

Resort is had to a public 

when the individual circum

method of gathering the nec

zsiaass
14 REPORT OF THE 

enactment of the amendment 

All of these have dealt with 

the procedure is available for 

The first public statement o

1934 and others have been ma

necessary Each statement re

accident and gives the findin

probable cause or causes

The purpose in thus giving 

lar to their causes is to inform 

steps can be taken in the desig

devising of operating procedu

As an indication of the pres

sion wort in general there 

censes certificates and ratings 

Pilot licenses active 

Scheduled air trausp ort pilot ratin

Student licenses activ

Glider pilot licenses active 

Student glider pilot permits act

Mechanic licenses activ

Parachute rigger licenses activ

Aircraft licenses activ

Aircraft unlicensed activ

Glider licenses active 

Gliders unlicensed active 

Approved

Airpl

type certificates issued f

Glides

1ugi

Propellers 

Parachnte

Aircraft components and acce

Airplanes approved for license wit

Glider approved for license withou

Dour sfic engines approved without 

Mighws having calibration ratin

Propellers approved without appro

Pontoons approved without approve

Skis approved without approved typ

Foreign engines approved without 

Repair stations approved active 

School approved active 

Ground instructors licensed active 

Flying instructor ratingsa

DEVELOPMENT O

The Bureau sdevelopment p

this report was concentrated o

construction and development 

fortable and lower priced airp

four qualifications in mind th

place airplanes of approxima

tional airplanes powered wit

radial sleeve valve engine and 
I

9

BUaFAU 

The projects are summar

Contractor 

Hammond Aircraft Corpora A 2place 

tion and safe

Waterman Aircraft Cc A pander t

of adap

bility c

Autogiro Co of America Wingless 

dition to 

direct c

takeoff 

be suppl

direct ch

Fairchild Aviation Corppora Alteration 

tion raider Reimer Divi

Sion

date a ne

in an eff

not glid

without 

CurtissWright Airplane Co An ullmet

airplane

Fahlin Manufacturing Co An airplan

engine a

Arrow Aircraft Engine Co An airplan

engine a

Casey Jones School of Aero Indurance 

na dho engine p

the prop

Continental Aircraft Engine Developm

Co cooled e

vahro u

per hors

the pres

2 pounds 

National Bureau of Stand Laborator

aids tieal and 

pusher i

McCauley Propeller Co 8oad stee

Oa the usual cooperative basisLot a c

In addition to the pro jccta 

opment sed ion also has poor

tain aerolvnande combinatio

The Bureau sautborriv f

the amt unenclment to the 

aircraft accident regulation 

Thi audhority extends to d

civilian and counnercial pue

ment section sexistence effo

the private flyer becauo tho

the past

d nder it new airport clas

port marling and ntappim 

the airport requirements on

are propo etl for u5e a air 

If an airport is adegnate 

used in air line operations 

liue operation If not the 

line to use the airport a a t

to Meet the requirement
16 REPORT OF THE 

Fostering the development 

existing ones the Bureau co

o States and municipalities 

first of a series of Airport Bul

SECTIONAL AE

The Bureau in 1930 began 

ilarts covering the entire Un

characteristics airways beaco

tures required by the airman f

maps were in circulation in No

took an enlarged charting prog

Works Administration At th

been published The remain

checked and were to be availab

are compiled and printed for 

Survey

ADMINISTRATION AND D

The administrative section 

during the fiscal year handle

matters for the special project

ministration allotments The 

tinued its chtties of disseminat

tins articles for newspapers 

compiling Statistics on aeron

with respect to airports Yl a

picture entitled Safety on th

survey construction and ope

and showing how the air navi

flight operations

APPROPRIATIONS PERSONN

A tabulation showing amo

the work of the Bureau of Ai

follows

Fiscal year

1927 

1928 

1929 

1930 

1931 

1932 

1933 

1934 

1935 

1936 

Second deficiency act fiscal year 1926 app

Includes under Aircraft in Commerce 750

85000 appropriated by the second deficiency 

appropriated by the second deficiency act of 1

a However expenditures were limited by E

mores 700 0 Air Navigation Facilities45
BUREAU 

Statistics on personnel emp

on June 30 1935 and at the sa

from the appropriations Airc

Facilities follow

Item

DiCo

Paid from Aircraft In Commerce 

Paid from Air Navigation Facilities 

Total 

4

Besides the above there we

Administration special emplo

projects and 7 on developmen

BUREAU 

INT

The past fiscal year has been 

to take stock of its resources 

praise its potentialities as the 

was the second completed fisc

the Fifteenth and the Sixtee

with the decennial periods a 

ary 1934 the Director of the 

Board with the advice and 

ernment Statistics and Inform

tistical Association and the 

undertake a survey of the te

Bureau The Civil Service C

Statistical Board by detailin

personnel phases of the inqu

On October 19 1934 the B

the Census containing among 

a That the Bureau give sp

personnel especially o the 

trained persons Lv that it u

for its present employees an

develop and maintain a syste

several divisions and of the 

well planned welfare and rec

cases of distress either phys

tives to greater and more e

created a position of Execut

it be filled by a well qualified 

carrying out this program

The Bureau has not only ap

notable steps in carrving ou

cruitment policy has been foll

tical procedures such as those 

conducted for all temporary 

participate A thorough tra

employees assigned to work o

quennial census of agricultu

given to candidates for the 

inquiry

The position of Executive 

ated and to this unit were ass

programs of the Bureau
20 REPORT OF THE 

In addition to the general r

cal Board more limited re

requested from and given b

Director of the Census appoin

ation and the American Ec

Municipal Finance Officers 

Canada After a careful an

agencies and a supplementar

taken a rather thorough reorg

The Bureau has been fortunat

medical statisticians for the 

Assistant Chief Statistician 

well as other professionally t

year In order to better function

the demands for increased da

1 The Division of Religion

Records will conduct the p

bodies will have general cus

of the Bureau which are not 

will conduct the searches of p

leval

o

certification of age wil

general descriptive and in

the Bureau and of the printi

2 The Division of Territo

make the necessary compilat

relating to territorial and in

will supervise the collection 

research on statistical reports 

The Bureau is now studyin

inquiries in such a way as to 

and intereensal lulls which 

Bureau since its creation as 

has been suggested that legisl

the following purposes 4 

quiries more effectively from 

dinate those which should be 

regular census of business in

a quinquennial census of man

and 4 secure legislative c

desirable dates ofenumerat

thought advisable that once in 

economic inquiries should be b

should be conducted in a yea

nial census year in which all 

are similarly brought toget

both economic and social cha

than those in which the two 

enumerated This would pro

personnel in the Bureau and 

training entirely new clerks f

to a more efficient use of the 
BUREAU 

The following sections of 

with

major

the

inquiries

more important

belong Spec

sub

which has been made on the 

vations in this field 2 to th

Business and the substantial 

tures both for the year 1933 

made in current industrial re

cies in the Division of Vital S

census of population discusse

timates and 6 to the exte

eral and other organizations 

quiries

CENSUS 

Widespread changes in ag

gether with the formulation 

cies in this field have arouse

Agriculture The prelimina

number of farms in the Unite

percent since 1930 and 64099

age in 1930 have been added 

This mid decennial agricu

provement over that taken in 

enumeration particularly w

expeditious release of primary 

The Olilcial enumeration of fa

of the 6812 049 schedules w

coded im the office 2318136 

State reports were sent to the 

tabulation showing the numbe

by counties for the United 

months from the first regular 

difficulties faced by field pers

More than 26000 enumera

visors and 40 Bureautraine

force The use of area supe

candidates who tools a specia

reau represents a departure 

proved successful in overcom

areas is indicated by the impr

vass and the consequent faci

A eecond new feature of th

only 100 inquiries and no su

cultural inquiry included 253 

and some 15 supplemental sch

The printing Of all inquiries 

the reverse for brief instructi

work This schedule was the 

special Advisory Committee 

10558009

3 Number of farms in 1935 68104

in 1930 986 771 016
22 REPOitT OF THE 

culture the Central Statistica

other interested agencies Th

and publication plans now be

Rural identification rema

Counties in connection with t

lie feasibility of obtaining th

tification maps very satis

counties on the major items o

at which farmers trade This 

censuses to include at least 

States In addition to provid

oess of the enumeration of fa

basic material for the use of o

Resettlement Administration 

trilication Administration an

CENSUS OF 

The Census of American B

completed and the results we

closed Financed by the Ci

was undertaken early in 1934 

sale trade and service am

series of reports were issued o

3 mmntlis of the fiscal year 

the number of establishmen

by kind of business for each 

lation Similar information 

smaller cities for all kinds of 

In order to meet the urge

tional data obtained in this c

which to defray the cost of p

of outside organizations suc

panies newspapers and othe

the cost of issuing the report

for States counties and cit

types of operation and store

publications were issued early 

final volumes and several spe

a total of 20 volumes and 4 

possible by an additional allo

tration These reports cove

and old retail stores new and 

expenses types of operation 

SPECIAL SURVEYS O

This Bureau has made its 

trade associations and Na

Authorities during the past 

information could be satisfie

tions of Bureau data a few 

Of this survey type of service 
BUREkU 

Paint and varnish survey

tional Paint Varnish and L

of dealers of paint and var

Wisconsin The work was b

pleted on March 29 1935

Canvas goods surveyAt 

Authority a tabulation was m

of selected members of the 

for the calendar year 1933 T

1 1934 and completed on Feb

T76eater supply survey A

ent Theatre Supply Dealers 

capital annual sales number 

for members of the theater eq

was undertaken on September 

1935

Survey of reports of crerllt 

facturers Onbehalf of the 

partment of Commerce the B

the credit and capital require

1934 schedules accompanied 

pose of the survey were sent 

selected from returns of the C

of the number of workers em

confined with few exception

average of not less than 30 n

establishments were canva

ing Canned and preserved 

timber products printing and 

printing and publishing co

repair shops Establislmients 

either because they were conc

trv because they were not s

business as in the case of new

the case of railroad repair s

for sale The report on thi

Advisory Council under the t

Capital Difficulties Submitte

BIENNIAL CENS

Work on the 1933 Census 

substantial completion Du

industry reports were publish

industries were prepared fo

series was issued in February 

with previous censuses Sev

industries had been publishe

end of June Because of limi

issue State and industrial area 

The general statistics o

ments number of employees 

terials fuel etc and value of 
24 REPORT OF THE 

in order to make practicable 

information needed by the N

Conferences on the revisio

the 1935 Census of Manufact

index of establishments is 

which will be commenced at 

ANNUAL REPO

The Division of Manufact

piles annual reports of forest 

Forest productsThe ann

ducted in cooperation with 

culture Forest Service and 

Code Authorities 193334 

1904 and at present cover 

shingles pulp and paper 

canvass for lumber covers a

preliminary report is issued 

imately 500 identical large o

early as possible

Clay productsThe annu

ered 1610 manufacturing co

annually since 1921 and cove

of clay products nonclay ref

MONTHLY AND QUA

Improvements have been m

tical reports issued by the Bu

the original data for which 

12823 manufacturers and o

mills Among the improve

following

1 A new report on Whea

was issued quarterly the 

represent the entire industry 

2 Monthly statistics on K

first time at the close of 193

3 A summary for identic

added to the report on Struc

4 The scope of the follow

Air conditioning Equipment 

Automobiles 

Cellulose Plastic Products 

Plumbing Brass 

A list of monthly and q

included under Publicatio

reports were started during 

cause of basic changes in 

These were concerned with 

packing industry the cor

construction industry
BUREAU 

COTTON A

In compliance with specific 

during the past season from 

consuming establishments 264

seed oil mills and 195 establis

ing cottonseed oil There we

to specified dates during the 

of cotton consumed and field 

and products

The crop of 1934 totaled 940

of 14490 00 for the 10 prec

onethird The consumption 

6

1935 season to 5360 00 bal

154 000 for the 10 preced

amounted to 4764 000 bales c

for the 10 preceding seasons

Cottonseed crushed during 

pared with an average of500

Although stocks of crude an

February 1934 totaled 9800

heavy consumption during the 

tion of oil during the seas

474 000 pounds

FINANCIAL STATISTICS 

Financial statistics of State 

inquiry concerned with reve

sessed valuation tax levies a

of State and local governments 

Bulletins for each of the Sta

are available as separate repor

tion digests of State laws rela

preppared for 39 States 12 of w

Financial statistics of State

has been required by law to c

cities with a population of ov

tary of Commerce statistics o

State governments since 1915 

the collection of statistics of 

100 0 and of State governme

two years The 1933 report f

100 0 has been completed A 

and manuscript for the comple

the 1934 report have been rec

cities and press releases have b

At the request of the Dire

Association of the United State

and field study of the annual R

z Cotton distributed b the Federal 

nearly 200 0 bales wai inciuderl in 
26 REPORT OF THE 

and submitted a detailed re

work a revised classificatio

method of presentation Th

by the Bureau and a prelimin

difficulties involved is in pro

VIT

For approximately one thi

the Bureau in the field of 

registration areas for births 

the birth area by the adm

responsibility was ended T

the appraisal of and prepa

the Bureau must now beeow

types 1 The improvemen

tration areas and 2 the 

which have now been opene

In order to better meet i

strengthened the staff of this 

experienced medical statis

made for both the position 

ant Chief Statistician

Regional conferencesFiv

trars were held during the 

to State administrative and 

Bureau such as complete an

death classificatiou of caus

and comparable statistics w

mote better reported data an

in consequence of which the 

timely

Birth registration szrrveys

reau

F

and the States and t

mergeocy Relief Administ

conducted in 24 States In 

registration has already re

State have a better unde

registration

Allocation of certificates b

years the organizations whi

statistics published by this 

of a policy of reporting bir

abode of the persons conc

rence of the death o birt

Bureau Wring the present 

accomplisbmeant in the field 

fected for the tabtilation of 

by usual place of abode and 

their copable m J with basic 

census reports It i contem

iderable attention will be 

lart e tabulation card has b
BUREAU 

tional information and to pro

secondary causes of deaths

Aunual reports Annual r

been prepared for the calenda

printing funds have not been 

and 1982 were issued in limi

193 3report covers all births a

of Columbia flawaii and the 

tics are compiled for Puerto 

include this territory in the b

remaining Territories and po

Samoa into both areas

Provisional summaries of l

births for each State and all 

were issued for 1934 and 19

were issued for the entire reg

LIF

The Bureau of the Census 

tables based on the census o

pared by this Bureau followin

to the original registration 

England States together w

Michigan and the District of 

its tables to include the censu

for 1890 applied to only one 

tables covering 23 States we

1920

The completion of the reg

prepare tables covering con

have comparable figures sho

of life that have occurred w

tables are limited to the re

original registration States 

States have been completed

ESTIMATE

One of the most baffling pr

of some satisfactory method 

of population for States an

shifts in population the mat

do not give even approxima

by which such results may be 

lean has therefore been forced 

estimates until some new m

national census is taken On 

larger life insurance companie

to the point of being a grnu jo

tion

with

of general

the completion

life tables

of the

it

registra

is pos

population by sex and agegroup break
28 REPORT OF THE 

rate is wrong All sorts of 

assumed populations Est

tory 191

Deed for a middecennial 

curate population figures fo

sential that a national census 

Bureau has strongly suppor

census of population partic

passage at the close of the S

works project providing for 

in the fall of 1935 More th

the works project census pro

has recommended it State 

of schedules instructions d

cannot be fitted together to g

population of the United Sta

estimation of population

SPECIAL P

A special census of Alexa

supervision of a representat

and a certificate of populat

showed an increase of 1300 

April 1 1930 when the popu

PERMANENT 

In 22 cities permanent st

established by local organiza

Bureau of the Census and a

Statistical Association The

great value to local agencies 

comparability of thew repo

planning and administration 

lished in suburban areas bey

itself To date all cities of 20

or are preparing tract plans 

INSTITUT

Statistics are obtained each 

tal disease for mental defec

for prisoners in State and Fe

in 10 years 1923 1933 etc 

inmates of county and mun

quents and children under in

year reports for 1933 were iss

and Federal prisons and ju

The Report on Patients in H

of printing and manuscript 

year on Juvenile Delinquent

Institutions and Children U
BURE

Beginning in 1932 the B

criminal statistics in coope

jurisdiction in a gradua

numbering 28

REPORT ON NEGR

A special report Negro

completed in the past year 

ments the report of this B

United States 1790 to 1915 

tion of data collected and 

concerning the major activ

racial group in continental 

ily available by States and 

through the different censu

Among the subjects for 

growth of the Negro popu

shift northward and citywa

lation for each State by co

detail births and deaths in 

and literacy retail busines

mious bodies Negroes in Sta

the gainfully employed in 

and value of

I

o hooey 

and the principal agricultu

operators

In addition to the volum

covering different phases o

egro population These 

tion among Negroes have 

other racial groups

SEARCHING O

The need for legally acce

cants for State old age pe

purposes has made increasi

cation of age from the info

ules of decennial censuses 

laws in effect and others a

legislation The Social Se

enactment of this legislation 

for certification of age

During the past year 200

made for the purpose of 

retirement working papers 

other purposes It has not 

sufficient persomnel to this w

of requests received and th

office for which searches ha

year 5984 visitors consulte

1790 to 1880

24516365
30 REPORT OF THE 

These searches each of w

more volumes of original cens

of the maintenance of thes

largescale searches as are an

would quickly destroy the orig

mitted to the Works Adminis

a card index of personal infor

merated in the 1900 census 

year of birth as well as the a

Because this index alone w

other than those for 1900 th

of reasonable permanent ph

most used schedules This w

ervation of these irreplaceab

them more easily accessible fo

space required for their curre

WORE DONE FOR OTHER 

ORG

In addition to the special su

and to population see abov

other Federal offices and out

surveys or by rendering other 

mailing service editing codin

ules etc Only the more impo

Emergency consegvation w

sonnel and of work done in a

United States and outlying p

Emergency Conservation Wo

administratively divided into 

present 11 such as the Unite

Park Service State Park Ser

lations are prepared of the 

work completed by type of jo

During the last fiscal year 

doubled and is still rapidly 

made for the continuance of 

Federal E7ne7geaey Relief 

made for this organization sh

and by months for all cities 

ported on the schedules of the 

1929 1931 and 1933

The editing coding and tab

by the Federal Emergency R

The tabulations show the com

and persons on urban relief r

Dental surveyMore than 50 

lated for the Bureau of Public 

Other agencies for which ta

Foreign and Domestic Comme

Shipping Board National Re

bor Statistics Department of 
BUREA

curity Central Statistical Bo

versity of Pittsburgh Curtis 

Drug Co

Many detailed cross class

quiries at a reasonable expen

tabulators developed by the 

Income from special surve

during the last fiscal year 

through transfer of governm

work allotted to the Bureau 

side organizations or for in

allotted for Civil Works pro

Business or transferred fro

cial work and 35583 was p

tabulations searches of old 

During the ast year the 

The World slair at Chica

lndustrial Exposition in Ci

the Connecticut Tercentena

vices illustrating the census 

and pamphlets describing th

distributed

P

During the fiscal year just 

plete and publish a number 

siderably delayed because 

been possible because of the 

for this purpose and the inc

process In addition to the regula

releases of Census data were 

reports mostly bulletins 

issued follows

1 AGiacULTVIM I

a Decennial 

Retail distribution 1930part 3 

wholesale distribution 1930 U

Biennial census of manufactures 

Biennial census of manufactures 

summary by States and indus

Census of agriculture 1933111

Cotton production in the United 

Cotton production and distribut

Forest Crossties productsslid poles 1931

Lumber lath and shingles 

Paper and paperboard pulp

1932

Animal and vegetable fats and 

Financial statistics of cities of o
32 REPORT OF THE 

Financial statistics of cities of o

Financial statistics of State and 

and United States summary

b Quar

Animal and vegetable fats and 

Edible gelatin 

Electric mining and industrial 

motives 

Electrical goods 

o Mon

Air conditioning equipment

Automobiles

Automobile financing

Babbitt metal

Bathroom accessories

Boots shoes and slippers other 

Cellulose Tubber plastic products

Commercial steel castings

Coniectiontype radiators

Distillate oil hurners

Domestic pumps water systems 

windmills

Domestic water softening appara

Electric industrial trucks and tra

Fabricated steel plate

Fireextinguishing equipment

Floor and wall tile

Hosiery Leather and knitwool gloves and 

tens

Malleable castings

Tleasuring and dispensing pumps 

oline and other pumps

Bleebanical stokers

Alen s and boys clothing cut

Methanol

2 VITAL STA

Mortality statistics reports for 19

Birth statistics reports for 1931 

Negroes in the United States 192

Prisoners in State and Federal p

County and city jails 1933

MACHI

A central tabulating unit is 

for the Washington offices of 

were in operation in this un

machines 218 verifiers 1 ga

sorting machines 21 adding t

The machine tabulation wo

year as compared with the 

25956 069 cards punched fro

runs were made at a cos

Bureau swork and 4360 03 

lations made at a cost of 21

other governmental bureaus 
BUREAU 

MECHAN

The mechanical laboratory 

on tabulating equipment w

maintains the equipment in 

tabulators were rebuilt in th

the Census of Agriculture 

originally built for tabulatio

verted for use with 45 col u

complex type of inquiries no

to provide more adequate tab

P

Mention is made above o

Bureau of the Census and 

creates One of the ntaior 

persornlel administration 

total of 3483 employees of w

and 2011 were temporary o

year the Bureau made a t

29897 separations In add

there were 458 special agents 

and State agencies or by 

Special agents are employees 

Mointment and oath of offi

other records Dlaintena

of whom are appointed for v

many serious problems of po

Tlie following table gives 

curred during the fiscal year 

the more significant groupin

Total employees June 30 

Temporary rermanont 

Total appointments 

permanent

Temporary

Rsatnimments

Totalseparations 

Termnitions

F pirat to of aPDwatmenls

Tr8ns crn7

Resnations Re

Deaths

tireme ig nts 

Prciai nArnts

Total June 30 

Appointments 

Separations 

1 Includes 26624 enumerators Census of Ag
34 REPORT OR THE 

APPR

During the fiscal year ended 

authorized by specific law was 

salaries and expenses in the a

represented by indefinite app

the Census of Agriculture 19

ing 115 000 from indefinite ap

of1000 granted from Em

in connection with the Census 

a transfer of 15000 from the 

of Agriculture In addition 

the exhibit of the Bureau of th

and 1000 was allotted to defra

CaliforniaPacific Internation

Appropriations nd ether funds a

Purpose 

All Bureau work 

Regular salaries and expenses 

Consus of Agriculture 

iork for other a8eneiNS 

Eshahs 

I includes 500 0 of the appropriation for 

available in 1935

Does not include funds for clerical work of 

Administration and for which they paid
BUREAU OF FOREIG

MAJOR FACTORS DETER

The character and amou

Foreign and Domestic Com

been determined by a num

economic life

First mention should be 

in business conditions with 

the enhancement of interest 

has been directly and kee

called upon for an enlargem

private businesswith a sp

Second the recovery prog

the past year been so stro

note There has been a stea

in the various agencies ac

commercial data that they n

eign and Domestic Commerc

so many urgent and imper

forms of active assistance a

however consistentl aided 

unitsas will appear from t

pages

Third there has been the s

ous ways that are only poss

ized

new policy

equipment

of negotiating

and experie

r

and other nations

BUREAU CONTRIBUTION 

This Bureau has been c

considerable extension of its 

of Commerce might make 

reciprocal trade agreements 

has been earnestly engaged 

legislation in June 1934 as a 

foreign trade The division 

of the Government particip

zation engaged upon this p

of Commerce and particuly

sibility for bringing forwa

American export interests a

taken up for consideration 
36 REPORT OR THE S

requests to be made of the oth

trade barriers of every kind 

and shippers

Prospective negotiations fo

reciprocal reduction of the t

unduly restricting the sale of 

of the other have thus far bee

ments Taken together the a

40 percent of American fore

tries of Europe Belgium F

Netherlands and colonies Sp

Latin

American

America

Republics

Brazil

and

Colom

Ca

with which negotiations are a

been called on to make prelim

with other countries that 

negotiation

Thus far five reciprocal trad

concluded by the united States 

Haiti and Swedenaud sever

to be completed within the ne

under the new Cuban American 

has been in operation for a suff

resultshave witnessed a mark

with gratifying benefits to the 

come to depend upon the other 

This new task has called for 

information that has been bui

divisions of the Bureau at Was

barriers of various types tha

country and the general econo

vailing there but also regardi

lems for each line of America

portant outlet in the given co

tration of the knowledge an

Washington focusing in succe

ticular country studied or tak

made necessary a number of a

bringing to Washington of field 

The various studies require

naturally constituted a major 

Tariffs second only to its regu

upon for special tariff studies 

countries with which the State 

tion to negotiate trade agreem

on investigatis in connection w

staff has been called upon for 

required in the general formula

To supply basic data for these 

Regional Information has ma

studies The Finance Division 

sections of the country studies 
BUREAU OF FORE

of the interdepartmental com

to furnish financial data to o

A special statistical anal

during the period since the e

that country tvas issued by 

Statistics and proved enligh

to the general public

Every one of the industria

efforts

a variety

to

of

bring

noteworthy

the trade

serv

a

summation For example 

been practically doubled thro

and other factual data perta

export and international tra

The Bureau sdistrict office

service in connection with th

tion with the consideration 

offices have made available 

the data and information re

to the committee for recipro

The studies preparatoi vt

ations necessitated the draft

field officers as experts Ab

officers on an average have 

greater part of the past fis

consultation on problems a

their respective areas

SERVICES TO OTH

During the fiscal year ju

gency organizations of the G

the outstanding position of 

and interprets current econo

quent recourse to the service

ance of their activities tha

general advancement of the 

sentative examples of such 

agencies will be cited in suc

Agrion7hon7 Adjustment 

dered substantial assistance 

istration in connection with 

agreements and such spe

socalled exotics in the c

Administration the Bureau 

trade in tobacco It has also 

tration lists of foreign purc

materials

lgriculture DepartmentT

Bureau has furnished data o

plant introduction soil req

processing and similar ma
34 REPORT OF THE 

Department the Bureau mad

imports exports and consum

out the world

National Recovery Adiairh

tional Recovery Administratio

registration advertising ne

motor vehicles for use in a s

industry In numerous cases 

ery Administration with per

rubber leather and footwear 

the Bureau cooperated in a n

tobacco manufacturing leaf 

industry and foreign trade i

Federal Emergency Relie

rendered significant assistanc

Administration especially its 

ence Homesteads Rehabilita

members of the Bureau sstaf

relief agency on the purchase 

Tenressee Valley Autho

tion to the Tennessee Valley 

field of electrochemical prod

National Resources Board

the National Resources Boa

waterway operations and oth

The acting chief of the Bus

on a transportation subcomm

which prepared tentative pla

tion

unemployment

survey to

program

be undertake

ExportImport BankThe 

the ExportImport Bank be

foreign credit risks besides c

on foreign dealers

Reconstruction Finance Co

been brought into consultat

Corporation with regard to co

ican industry having a hearin

cific instance of service was t

poration in studies of tobacco 

Public Works Administrat

Public Works Administration 

facilities for the transportati

War and Nave Departmen

this Bureau has furnished da

procurement and similarly 

regarding civil aviation in7 s

cerning international trade in 

of the Bureau sMachinery 

War Department and the N

schedules of machinery to be 

tions At the special request 
BUREAU OF FOREIG

he accompanied Navy officers 

the purpose of selecting the 

machinery At the request 

devoted much time to the com

production and movement of 

Labor DepartmentTo t

furnished information and a

the chemical field certain lab

Treasury DepartmentTh

partment the benefit of its da

procurement and related su

Interior DepartmentAmo

furnished information to the 

gen sulphur phosphates pig

Department of JusticeTo 

has furnished data in connec

domestic antitrust investigati

Tariff ConanzissionThe 

Tariff Commission with exte

nation against American inot

Federal Aviation Commis

data regarding trade in aer

Federal Aviation Commissio

Congressi ona7 committeesA

mittees of the Conress this 

in areas where tin i produce

mation needed by a subcom

Affairs of the Hoirse of Repr

Other governmental ngenc7e

were materially aided by the 

year included the Post Office 

regulations the Interstate C

Institution the Farm Credit 

Administration the National 

mittee on Statistics the Se

Civilian Conservation Corps 

portation the Home Owners 

Special Adviser to the Presid

The chief of the Bureas 

3month trip to Europe to ga

Government agencies He s

and small house projects H

titled The SmallHousin Sc

was released 1ly 18 and has 

among governmental as well 

cost house planning

In connection whir the buil

lief Administration several n

which are expected to effect 

Division of the Bureau have b

of the technical committee on 

Board
40 REPORT OF THE 

The Bureau rendered spe

prices for the confidential in

Roundtable discussion at 

ployees in various departm

tuted by the chief rubber e

nally helpful in keeping su

rubber activities

COOPERATION WITH PRIV

Besides cooperating closel

units of the Federal Govern

tic Commerce has also been 

number of trade association

dustrial organizations and 

been of substantial advantag

of such cooperation will be 

The Bureau sChemical D

promote the formation of p

research institutes among t

field during 1931 35 were the 

Institute

The National Electrical 

special committee to study 

Bureau and the association 

membership a bulletin des

Bureau is capable of assistin

Trade associations in the 

assistance

during the

for

past

economic

year a

and

rem

are numbered the export d

facturers Association the N

Mahogany Association and 

The Bureau sForest Produc

tions with considerable basic 

The Bureau sMachinery 

during the year of rendering 

ent associations in the mach

the machinery industry in th

The formation of association

enacted and administrative 

administration but inany n

ently without any clear idea 

lowed for the benefit of thei

many significant ways the ex

The Bureau sSpecialties 

no fewer than 30 industriesa

graphic arts such as printing 

ment toys and novelties the 

professional instruments g

ever closer relations with the 

as with the trade papers
BUREAU OF FOREIG

INDUST

EPORT A

The heightened interest in 

American business men an

smooth the pathway of inter

in a material enhancementa 

ing of the services to expo

Bureau sIndustrial Divisions 

believed to illustrate this serv

The Automotive Aeronaut

studies covering such subject

Motor Vehicles World Reais

duction of Motor Cvcles Wo

ways of the World and the De

The Division assisted officia

studies of administration of 

matters It prepared a speci

transportation in the Cape P

Material was also prepared f

American Commercial Confer

Through the medium of th

World Trade Notes on Che

chanting situation abroad ha

and graphic charts anti with 

even livelier interest in fore

occasionally supplemented by 

A world survey of chemical d

issued at the close of the fisc

and sold out in 8 days neces

the chemical industry srene

manner in which this Bureau 

As an aid in the sale of A

Division inaugurated in Sep

form of a bulletin entitled Ne

Radio Industries containing 

Copies of this bulletin are ma

and of the State Department 

sary was prepared and sent 

A new service comprising a 

Handbook is now in course 

ment has been elicited by the 

Wave Radiophone Transmit

ization of short waves throug

have reached a stage demand

marketing point of view Pr

now bein made by the Bureau 

as to the developments anil th

During the past fiscal year 

to its processed publications tw

tively Meats Live Stock F
42 REPORT OF THE 

Vegetables for the purpo

trades the large amount of 

received from the foreign o

ment of State

The Forest Products Div

studies embracing imports a

in the principal producing co

print was made for the New

Increases in export trade 

Leather and Rubber Divisio

services on exports of leathe

States and far some produc

tries and maintaining the T

ore customs duties on rubber 

Division has prepared and d

as well as monthly relensos 

international rubber regulati

rubber and the Bureau sRub

informed of all vital develop

A manuscript of more than 

and trade in leathers by all 

and sent to the printer durin

ering the leather industry a

foreign trade in leather of Ge

in vegetable tanning materia

year The promotion of foreign 

tives of the Machinery Divis

has continually called the att

for foreign sales and has give

large number of machinery m

trade associations and the tra

at meetings of the industry 

expanding our foreign trade 

During the year the Bureas

laboration with the coimne

information bulletin entitled 

A special activity of the Bus

sion during the past fiscal yea

tion of data on foreign ad

periodicals and radio facilitie

been discontinued was resum

the Government sreciprocal 

nine of interest in foreign bus

from abroad in conjunction 

has enabled this Division to 

market bulletins for practica

Tire Bureau participated thr

with the Government of Czec

films which had been barred 

The Textile Division comp

cotton situation and the co

Senate resolution a special co
BUREAU OF FOREI

tion in various countries for 

of cotton imports and exp

Office of the Special Advis

Among other activities a 

world stextile markets was 

by the increase in subscript

statements covering textile i

The American tobacco in

year m the analyses of forei

sion weekly release entitl

Abroad Largely aided by 

and the Shanghai office of th

merce the work of the Shan

was carried on successfully t

AID AFFORDE

Highly diversified were t

the Bureau sindustrial divis

of business within the Unit

tiveAeronautics Trade Div

facturers merchants and o

consumption of automotive 

erating costs of Diesel mo

details regarding interstate 

trucks supplied regularly 

tions the data on State reg

individuals starting filling 

with detailed data regardin

etc and furnished many fir

of passenger carssuch da

allowance for salesmen usin

Division arranged for mont

by States and makes It 

Aoad Builders Show in W

The development of the p

in the United States thro

bodies was promoted by the 

standing in this connection 

foreign monopolies in esse

only through constant effo

sion has striven to serve A

iodine and similar produ

agencies A new foreign ge

vestigated and found satis

effort the Division is able 

in the field of bacteriologica

The Electrical division h

offices in this country a m

ments abroad as an aid to A

ment

The Foodstuffs Division 

distribution of confectioner

of questionnaires sent to in
44 REPORT OF THE 

tionwide survey of the mayon

conducted The Bureau srep

were continued during the ye

Among many other acts of 

the Forest Products Division 

pulp in storage for the Americ

The Leather and Rubber D

of distributors stocks of tires 

industry to measure consume

manufacturers in fixing produ

States 1934 consumption and y

rubber was made early in 193

sary to attain completeness in 

subjects Shoe manufacturers 

domestic areas that would pur

cial analysis of the number of 

and a special analysis of the d

issued by the Bureau during t

American firms have very f

Division for aid in solving the

tic marketing

A series of charts setting fo

steel industry and correlating 

trys growth and its relations 

Metals and Minerals Division 

In connection with the gen

priate utilization of leisure t

Picture Division is cooperat

which seeks to develop additio

in the congested areas through

ment is essentially one for so

possibilities have encouraged 

During the year under revie

in a more strenuous effort to d

ural

Textile

raw

Division

materials

has

imported

made fre

yarns fibers and fabrics wh

Bureau of Standards for micro

FOREIGN C

Revival of interest in foreig

year by the constantly increas

merce officers located in 32 lead

There has been a marked cha

quiries reaching the Foreign 

was for more general informa

the current year the demands 

especially to trade promotion 

business public Foreign Comm

to the preparation of reports i

Approximately 10 percent o

been engaged during the yea
BUUEAU OF F03E

istration sprogram of nego

nations Because of the e

special training these Comm

as members of various adv

Many of the Foreign Co

trade conference work thro

have sought their advice o

been called upon to fill spe

radio addresses

Foreign Commerce officer

grams in all sections of th

Foreign Trade Week 

addresses were made by the 

other high Government off

The duties of the Foreig

the year by the new policy 

be rendered to importers 

assist in locating sources of 

inay be imported into the U

During the year there was 

officials of the Bureau and b

during the past 2 years the 

to Foreign Commerce offic

enable them to continue to 

ness in furnishing data reg

tries but may make it possi

ance Burin the coming ye

an emphasis upon purel 

liberalization of permissible 

FOREIGN

Extensive cooperation w

Trade Statistics during the 

ment agencies At the re

Division took over from co

monthly report on foreign 

showing this trade byc

customs district were initia

the use of the Treasury De

of alcoholic bev Wo

Treasury Department on t

the amount of duties collect

A regular monthh report 

by country was supplied th

sion This service was furt

mission by showing the usto

of the Tariff Commission a

weights of import commod

lishing the reporting proced

The Department of State 

ing the quantity and value 

imported from countries w

24510356
46 REPOI T OF THE S

were about to be initiated In 

public use detailed statements 

these countries in the last 2 ye

Other Government agencies 

Trade Statistics cooperated ex

Agriculture the National Reco

the Special Adviser to the Pre

In an effort to expedite the 

trade statistics the Monthly S

viously published in two volu

Foreign Commerce and Navig

of United States trade previ

charged to a twovolume publi

Annual statistics of imports 

prepared for Foreign Comme

shipment In previous years 

available Largely as an econ

eral imports commodity by co

Figures on the trade of the 

and imports commodity by co

of which were discontinued in 

publication in the 1934 issue o

A special statistical analysis o

the 4 months following the ef

Agreement with that country w

of trade by economic classes w

trade in each economic class s

agricultural commodities

In response to Senate Resol

Trade Statistics prepared tabu

petitive agricultural products 

and the first 2 months of 1935 

production consumption and 

for the period 190433

Every month the Division ha

mimeographed statements and 

foreign trade by commodities 

the use of nearly 8000 paying 

statement of total trade by cus

statements issued in former ye

and content

GENERAL REGIONAL 

The great amount of work 

Information Division in conne

gram is described elsewhere 

serving on committees connecte

ing out of the approaching cha

The Division has continued 

economic movements including 

tories in foreign countries the 

cartels problems of internation
BUREAU OF FORE

tions in the individual regio

from time to time to the N

other Government organiz

A survey of manufactur

countries was undertaken 

series of mimeographed m

Brazil Mexico Peru and 

Argentina formed the basis 

The Division prepared s

expansion and its effect on 

Information Bulletin was 

Sells Another study is 

States participation in the 

beginning of the World W

situation in the Philippine 

partmental committee on 

American cotton textile ind

The work of the Russian 

Close cooperation with th

mental units has been m

Russian Economic Notes are 

ing trends and tendencies 

economic events

Early in 1935 a new serv

the Regional Information 

view of Canada This re

office with the cooperation 

data on Canadian foreign 

industry and business cond

DATA ON FOREIGN TARIF

Measurable progress in 

toward more restrictive tr

terized the several immedia

feature of international trad

the year was marked by a ne

import duties quotas and 

corded by the Bureau sDiv

chines were downward W

been universal import restr

ther increased it is encoura

from the efforts made in ma

to relax trade restrictions a

storing international trade 

In part the actual or p

relaxing or abolishing of ot

connection with the negot

such as fllose concluded by 

the Trade Reciprocity Act 

While there were many c

import tariffs as distinct fro

net change is probably dow
48 REPORT OF THE S

tries especially in Latin Ameri

actually imposed or under con

the balancing of trade with in

The regular work of the Div

creased in proportion to the g

there was an increase of abou

and other changes reported to a

the year as compared with th

witnessed a hitherto unprecede

number of trade inquiries recei

greater proportion there havin

branch of the Division sactiv

In connection with the regula

changes for the information and 

the Division conducted a numb

on Preparing Shipments to Br

ni

pleted just before the beginnin

Iar publication on Preparing 

finished Because of the large 

American countries the inform

area leas been revised in the fo

culars for each country rath

Many of these circulars were br

a number were reissued in com

Trade Promotion Series No 

was completed together with a 

dian Customs Regulations on 

study of foreign antidumping 

pared and issued and the ann

controls for which there is a 

published as a special article in 

Close cooperation with oth

both in the Division sregular 

ticularly in the studies made 

The closest possible contact was 

tions with a view to renderi

efficient service in meeting its f

VITAL STUDIES IN FINANCIA

The outstanding activities o

ing the fiscal year 1931 35hav

study of the Balance of Interna

2 to its contribution to the 

which Reciprocal Trade Agre

see p 36 and 3 to a cont

exchange control and of excha

ments in foreign countries

The staff of the Division wa

meet requests from other gov

information on the balanceo

States Such information wa

with the Reciprocal Trade Ag
BUREAU OF FOR

For the first time in ou

in the United States has be

In response to numerous 

payments data more frequ

ing the first half of the ca

lished in mimeographed fo

and if possible this practi

The practical value of th

payments which the Financ

was evidenced by the natur

for data on this subject 

Department of Commerce 

State Treasury and Agric

Federal Reserve Bank of 

Securities and Exchange C

Adviser to the President o

The chief of the Finance 

departmental Committee 

recent previous years the 

to inquiries regarding fore

of frequent changes in the 

and of the widening scope 

agreements in other count

Division is doing in this 

export trade circles As th

of information on this sub

fully as possible through 

and special circulars as w

developments

Despite its concentration 

continued to render it wide 

business Bien and others o

FOREIG

Readjustment of world 

has precipitated much ne

reflected in the growing d

vision of Commercial Law

problems presented to it fo

of raising more revenue 

active in creating new tax 

laws The facilities of th

most in the effort to keep 

making the necessary spe

the conduct of American bu

In this connection it is in

ican Treaty for the Elim

originally drafted in this 

business from an onerous 

Technical information 

the use of the American de

Union for the Protection 
50 REPORT OF THE S

represented on the Interdepart

assisted in drawing legislation 

United States into the Berne C

ance of definite ultimate bene

was rendered to the Ways an

Representatives favoring the re

vision in the revenue act

The facilities legal files and 

capacity for legal research in 

agreements concluded and in c

Not only have American foreig

for foreign markets for the exp

ing prompt and comprehensive 

ments affecting export trade as 

to promote ex morting but they 

foreign and domestic laws tha

foreignurade goods

New social legislation hearing 

abroad has been the subject of 

vision Insurance legislation 

dencies in some countries has 

because of its effect on America

holders and on the character o

able to American interests abro

The Division has participated 

adjustment of numerous speci

tices detrimental to American b

to American prestige abroad 

ants has been inexpedient the 

and has furnished on request th

revised annually

Ceaseless in its efforts to exp

abroad this Division by timely 

and by bringing them directly 

and attorneys has been instrum

trial property of great value

PERTINENT DATA ON I

The demands on the Comm

supplies salesinformation rep

American exporters and impo

of returning foreigntrade ac

that in the fiscal year just en

reports furnished should have 

of lists of foreign buyers and 

fiscal year These services un

use of unless the exporter or i

after new business abroad or is 

Considerably more than 500

were written by the Division 

basic serviees in the 193435 f

over 193334
BUREAU OF FOREI

The Division maintains o

foreign buyers and sellers 

stantial percentage of thes

through requests from expo

field These reports are ut

are newly entering the forei

extent by established house

inquiries and old accounts 

tial reports were sent out to 

unethical foreign trade pra

The 3700 different lists o

in the Division were consta

Yearthree times as many 

More than 500 new lists we

These lists give the names 

the leading foreign impo

agents for American expo

Sales information reports w

tion to these 800 old lists 

compiled as a result of spec

Nearly 2500 definite tra

checked and disseminated to 

ing the year on each a 

These were inquiries from f

or sellim m for Ame

portei sor iilio wanted to b

United States

Domestic traders were off

sources of supply of raw m

abroad particularly from 

tered into reciprocal trade 

on the individual foreign 

available to American impo

The Division has coopera

and is regularly called upon 

and collecting and compili

Lists of foreign purchasers 

needed raw materials have 

justment Administration a

producers has been checked 

tion The field officers of t

usual splendid cooperation i

A new phase of an old s

odic reports from field me

These reports regularly re

heading Credit Situation 

data on the credit situatio

porters distributors and c

tion on bankruptcies and liq

trends has been compiled fo
52 REPORT OF THE 

ACTIVITIES 

The district offices of the Bu

solidating and restoring thei

a greatly reduced personnel 

sion there was a very marked 

quiries received in the distr

number of these inquiries exce

in recent previous years

The work of the district offi

grain is described elsewhere 

placed upon them as a result o

offices have been taxed to cap

Much greater emphasis ha

merce activities of the distric

junction with the Marketing 

has been developed which wi

service The district offices h

nificant service to American 

data which point the way to ne

ing in the domestic field an 

economic recovery

An outstanding feature of t

ing the past year was the co

Foreign Trade Week progra

rangements were made for me

cles on the subject of foreign tr

by the Bureau sdistrict offic

officials in Washington has be

entitled Weekly Business Su

ing information dispatched ev

agers in the commercial center

cal bulletin gives to business m

ments in American trade and 

mate and extensive local con

obtain and transmit to Washin

on such matters as the immed

ing the establishment or pla

creases and decreases in produ

design and style factual data 

of merchandise requirements 

variety of other important in

the news release named abov

formation has been welcomed 

ECONO

The Division of Economic 

its compilation and publicatio

ernment agencies business me

The Survey of Current Bus

weekly supplement has been 

officials and to more than 52

more than 2100 business se
BUREAU OR FOREIG

developments in major lines 

by the publication of a spec

ning with September 1934 

successive year has prevented 

ment to the Surrey but as a 

Annual Supplement month

3 years 193234 were publ

number

The Division has also co

summary of business conditi

district offices of the Burea

use of the press and some 100

During the year the Divis

larged staff the study of na

year 1932 at the request of th

The study of the longterm 

and governmental units dis

been in progress during the 

during the coming fiscal yea

lit addition to the servic

numerous special statistical 

departmental use as well a

private organizations

MARKETING R

The Bureau sJlarketina 

organized in November 193

of the Committee on the Elim

Business Advisory Council 

section nameh Market Dat

Sumer Market S

cations The Publications Se

unit under the supervision 

A program designed to ex

fulness of the monthly retait 

Data Section has developed 

issue monthly data on severa

These new series will enable 

for regional and even more 

from users of the present se

The Retail Credit Survey 

data on 12 trades in 79 citie

former wars The report 

months earlier than last yea

The Wholesale Trade Sect

Property unit in addition 

and industrial marketing su

were the publication entitled 

tistics which has met with 

estimates of wholesale sales in 

1935

The Retail Trade Section 

parcel delivery small retail 
54 REPORT OF THE 

current retail problems has 

Administration and 15 univ

report on store modernization 

estimate of retail trade in 193

Section

The Consumer Market Sec

Real Property Inventory and 

to determine the extent to wh

by different income groups

The Trade Association Sect

nition as the leading govern

Nation strade groups This s

from the National Recover

Administration Home Owne

covery agencies in the compila

ing business organizations

Revision of three of the 

Market Data Handbook of th

Grocery Territories and Mark

taken in response to numerous 

this character The work of 

In developing the program 

ness Advisory Council comm

Commerce has been enlarged 

pages and the number of paid 

the past year Comments fro

contained as well as the new 

meeting the needs of subsc

current marketing problems

The Business Information 

abstracts and basic data sh

on subjects pertaining to bus

stracts and basic data sheets 

Section has more than tripled 

the businessman may have 

material available to the pu

than 250 qualified organizatio

In an effort to make the i

more timely reports have be

that they appear several we

possible Twentythree pub

basiswere issued luring the 

Property Inventory Reports 

90000 copies were distributed

SPECIAL WORK F

The routine work of the 

consisted of furnishing inform

assembled from Census or othe

tion supplied have included s

1 Lists of Negro newspaper

and motion picture houses cat
BUREAU OF FORE

2 Home ownership and 

and value by geographical 

and by private agencies fo

ment among Negroes

3 The furnishing of info

tions on such governmental 

tion the Home Owners Lo

tion Corps the Subsistence 

ment of Labor the Federa

National Recovery Admini

4 Estimates and analyses 

the United States Publis

periodicals and in the gene

distributors

The chief of the Divisio

number of cities and this s

on the Negro Affairs Divis

He also served as a mem

Board the State scooperati

on recommendation of this 

has been authorized by law 

Conferences have been he

ment ruralrehabilitation 

Relief Administration offic

Press Intelligence Division 

helpful to Negroes

The office cooperated in t

Folk Education a moveme

by Negroes of economic an

chief is chairman the pro

Foundation of New York

SERVICES IN FIELD OF TRA

The Transportation and C

to capacity by the many d

responded during the past y

The adininistration sreha

previous year involving th

carious transportation med

an active part has naturally 

of the Division During th

specifically to deal with tra

the Division for informatio

supplied to such agencies wa

year nevertheless the Divi

Office of the Coordinator of 

Administration and the Bus

to bring the transport struct

During the year the Divis

Raihcav and Highway Tran

an analysis of existing legis

coordinating policies of trans
56 REPORT OF TIDE S

In its commodity work in 

equipment abroad the Transp

with the ExportImport Ban

economic information ou foreig

by the bank as a basis for propo

With the assistance of the 

aided and facilitated visits to 

tions interested in the techn

Outstanding among these del

from the French Railways a

Chinese Ministry of Communi

Shortly after the passage o

Division was assigned the adm

with One of the first functio

this legislation was the prep

acquaint citizens and municipa

under which foreign trade zon

the United States The bullet

The Division also cooperated 

Departments in the preparatio

which foreigntrade zones w

rules and regulations will be 

fiscal year and plans are alrea

as they are received

Because of the increased inte

sion has undertaken extensive 

abroad in order that zones wh

States shall have the advant

practices as adopted in success

The Acting Chief of the Tra

as executive secretary of the Ps

Policy Committee which co

analyzed in detail the status o

prepared a report which was la

President The Acting Chief 

tary of the ForeignTrade Zon

in this capacity both for the b

mittee He also served as te

subcommittee of the Commerc

ment in compiling transportat

of the trade agreements progra

The Division was called upo

services in connection with te

lems It especially rendered a

tions Commission in the suppl

abroad

In conformity with the res

American States the Divisio

nongovernmental committee to 

of the Western Hemisphere 

capacity to the American dele

that may be discussed at futu
BUREAU OF FOR

ACTIVITIES IN RELATIO

During the fiscal year 1

tion of the Bureau was c

under the title of Conf

functions of this unit are 

Domestic Commerce becau

or the promotion of trade r

ities in connection with int

expositions missions to an

deavors likewise the supp

ties of all bureaus of the D

These functions necessit

agencies resident diploma

During the past fiscal yea

than 30 conferences coverin

and scientific activities an

several of which were inte

In the case of certain co

mercial Conference held a

purposes of which are clo

mentthe Bureau finds it 

liminary work on the agen

thermore it must designat

mittee which draws lip the 

For the conference just me

the program and three of 

Other conferences abroa

required the attention of th

dining Metallurgical and 

China July 1934

Ltternational Geo rnphical C

International Council of F

September 1034

Internathmwl Radio Consulti

Seventh International Road 

Second Conference on Inter 

1934

Meeting of the Dtternatio m

Berlin Germane September 19

Fourth International Cores

France November 1934

Fifteenth fleeting of the I

Prague Czechoslovakia 1934

Iaternntional Cotton Conerec

Eighth International Congres

June 1935

International Housing Congr

Conference to Revise the C

Artiatic Property Brussels Be

The Department and the 

at various conferences in 

important of which were

Thirtyfourth Annual Congres

Washington October 1934

National Foreign Trade Cou

American Mining Conference 
58 REPORT OF THE 

Annual Meeting American Road 

1935

Thirteenth Annual Conference o

ington June 1933

Chamber of Commerce of the Un

Two large international exp

Expositions unit for several m

at Chicago reopened for a sec

and amplifying exhibits of 10 

mental and interdepartmenta

exposition in its entirety before 

thereon by the Section The 

Domestic Commerce was in ch

sisted the Department and pre

gress Second Federal partic

national Exposition opened at 

ing been authorized from Ma

Section concentrated its efforts 

tion of activities of all bureau

conjunction with the Federal 

agencies

The department participated 

Safety Exposition at Paris F

Fourteenth International Aer

November 1934 and the Oil Eq

at Houston Tex April 1935 

partment as were exhibitions 

Mining Metallurgical and G

Tientsin China July 1934 and 

and Congress of Photogramm

EDITORIAL AND 

The Editorial Division con

work of reviewing and editing 

the printer in acceptable form 

cations as well as of many a

of the Department and Bureau

activities of this Division M

considerable amount of origin

memorandums embodying gove

ness matters

The functions of the Division 

the funds available for printi

allotment but the amount is iii

the mass of material that mig

Bureau to satisfy the requirem

munity Studies of unquestion

comed by exporters or domestic 

indefinitely deferred because o

Sometimes these data are p

medium of socalled processe

recognized that this form is no

to permanently profitable utiliz

use involves moreover an add
BUREAU OF FOREI

For the coming fiscal ye

have outlined a program in 

numerous studies of demons

from data at hand or obtain

instance are the contemplate

United

World Trade

States

the

the

survey

proposed

o

coholic Beverages a subject 

mental unit the discussion 

Prefabricated and ReadyCu

and Foreign Countries a se

a factual appraisal of The Ir

and other special publication

During this past year the 

sion contributed materially t

lar Bureau periodicals as the 

Reports the World Econom

the United States and For

United States as well as of 

Under the Laws of Great B

tation Abroad Foreign Trad

in Japan Manufacturing D

Machinery in the Principal 

Developments in 1934

A special Publications Dis

ary 17 1935 Its activities h

coordinated program for th

publications It has contin

Marketing Research and Se

all divisions and all phases 

been made toward the elimin

mailing lists by the merg 

and the building up of othe

those who could profitably u

ADMINISTRATIVE CHANG

The major administrative 

was the creation oil May 15 

Division by consolidating th

former Iron and Steel Divis

certain of the personnel and 

Bureau of Mines in conform

the Interior Department A

transfer was accomplished 

Division and certain of its re

and Minerals Division in o

service to industry might be 

The general trend of act

fairly exemplified by the fac

past year received more bu

and problems involving tob

than ever before in its hist

to enter some new phase of 
60 RLPORT OF TIIE 

Division to take just on

tendency the total correspo

3 percent greater than durin

of visitors who sought info

Division registered a 20 perc

than 1200 business men and 

The Chief of the Metals a

into steel producing or mar

ing counsel and data with t

view to renewing and when 

and good will toward the B

An outstanding developme

of the various foodstuffs ind

necessitated a number of trip

of the Division as well as a

Division which was augme

to achieve greater specializ

clerical and stenographic pe

In this field of contacts an

the Machinery Division ha

executives of machinery firm

tive touch with officials of G

cially to stimulate and enc

industry to make full use of 

Officials of the Machinery 

at meetings of the industry

Comparable activities have 

Bureau sindustrial and te

month period

C

The fiscal year which en

establishment of the Bureau 

a sound and economical basis 

greater service to business in 

been possible for several yea

The process of reorganizati

lines has been largely comple

sonnel has reached a very hig

tributions of the Bureau duri

ration of the trade agreeme

contributed heavily through 

experts and its industrial se

In the domestic field the B

property inventory which is 

finding projects that the Gove

imately 9 months this great p

which the entire housing pro

been seriously hampered

The thorough reorganizatio

the Bureau was an outstandi

plished during the past fisca

basis which was worked out i

on Elimination of Waste in 

Council
NATIONAL BUR

The following report desc

developments at the National 

year 1935 The past 12 mon

the number of requests receiv

scientific and technical data o

lines of work The results o

sought by the general public 

These results are made avail

reau s own series and by artic

Over 250 such papers Were pu

GENER

Finances and personnelTh

193 5 was1an increa

expenditure in 1934 The reg

bered 688 employees In add

by national engineering societ

on technical problems of mu

industry

Testi rlThe testing of su

ment agencies which has lon

Bureau exceeded in volume b

any previous year This ma

the building activities of vario

Pisitinq eontnzitteeThe p

Gano Dunn Charles L Rees

and William D Coolidge T

the year to consider the prog

ments of the Bureau

lnternationo7 relationA

State J II Dellinger served 

tion to the ession of the Inte

at Lisbon September 22 to O

the American delegation at th

Scientific Radio Union Sept

the staff prepared reports for 

trotechnical Commission at T

and of the International Com

Berlin and Karlsruhe July 2 

ignated to represent the Burea

also was sent as a delegate w

tion of lights and signals for 

2461013 7 
62 HEPORT OF TILE 

Lauriston S Taylor atten

ono

method

Radiology

of characterizint

at Zurich whe

the 

on the determination of the 

radiation having the same a

tandardized

The Third International 

was hell in the Unite lSt

session being at the Nationa

of these conferences is to m

and to formulate a standard 

for working tables for engin

Tlnentylfieh NaG nal on

This conference was held a

meeting of this organization 

shown in the conference on 

cials and manufacturers of w

x total registrattun of 227 

and measures officials from 

Codes of specifications and 

and for vehicle tanks were e

scales vas adopted in final f

9 other codes The Director 

the conference

Public utilitiesThe engi

various States also held the

June Fifteen States were 

problems relating to public u

Federal Fire ComwilTh

published several thousand 

ment establishments Fire h

tions were completed includi

lnzerican Standards Asso

has been carried on effectivel

the procedure of this Assoc

sential features was proposed 

and plumbing codes the Bure

ment At the general confe

and consumers held during 

proposed commercial standa

the interested groups voted 

American Standards Associ

standards receiving adequate 

cedure of this Bureau Th

are located at the Bureau to 

two organizations

Federal speci feationsThe 

the development of purchase 

ments and other Federal age

on for this purpose and ma

whether they comply with th

tions of which 987 have thus 

Inn ent
NATIONAL 

E

absolute n easurenteut of 

has been made in determin

mental electrical units as a b

In the determination of the 

dimensions the measuremen

as the most probable valu

absolute ohms

Coils of new forms have be

to determine more accurately 

but the data obtained with 

analy2ed The Bureau s be

international ampere equals 

Standards of electromotiv

of nine cells each 05 1 a

are of a different type from 

group a constant ratio of 

groups would afford evidenc

2

months observations have s

000 in the relative va

study of 12i itests on un

aLouit half of these cells cha

and

L

about 80 percent change

ampwisons avth the I

MeaaueTwo of the elec

the Bureau and deposited a

and Measures were returne

sltippL41 by ordinary uuril b

tained their values wg hin 1 

Measurements on four stan

tioual Bureau for compariso

tories relative values for the 

within a few parts in a tri

carefully tiansported by roe

Standardization of rdeet

an American standard pee

been carried oo by a subco

sentative on the lmericav 

mittee on electrical nmasurin

umrler American Sum Iards 

instrument tran T

measnrh glartee currents 10

to depenel on the ntanuer in w

scar the transformer lbe 

tion as the position of the prv

in a recent paper

Jlapnetle testing awl rvice

comparator primarily for 

proved apparatus for the de

developed

Photometry and ilbwnoti

lamps were inspected for 
64 ZFPO1Zr OF THE 

reprer eutatice saulple lamps 

made for the Federal Trade 

45 lamps were standardized 

testing laboratories

Several groups of tungsten 

for au international comparis

the new scale which has bee

International Commission o

Committee on Weights and 

scale will be the blackbod

platinum values for standar

derived by use of the visibil

at the Burean and adopted 

Illumination

A study of colors for aviat

and specifications were prepa

glasses Airplane position lig

were designed constructed a

hattrr research Aerona

the laboratory with plates on

to meet specification requirem

and to exceed by 100 percent 

one twentieth inch plates T

grids taave been continued 

tion in storage batteries have 

of sulphuric acid are consume

ach far for eaday of electrici

teristics of several types of b

mined for the Bureau of Ligh

primary standard

of radio

of radio

freque

fre

of another piezo oscillator a

determination Standard fre

megacycles a second are now 

of standard audio frequencie

second is being tried out exp

Neos7crements of radio wa

of the frequencies used for 

path from Europe to united 

Substituting a highmast ant

increased field intensities at 

decreased fading at the frequ

kilometers over the particula

States Experimental studie

about 13000 kilocycles A t

wave propagation The accur

intensity of radio fields was 

new methods and equipment 

ahsolute accuracy of 5 percent 

Measurements made throug

cal frequencies of the ionized 

are responsible for longdista

most complete bode of data 
NATIONAL 

tions were made to partic

those confronting the airwa

ments made during the pa

cated that ultraviolet light w

daytime F layer as well as 

Telep wne engineering s

service problems was given 

ent establishments of the Go

Division the Bureau of Pri

Corrosion of pipe lines 

yearold ferrous pipe specim

in rates of pitting of the com

isfactory simple laboratory m

of soils was devised Form

Ole condition of a pipe lin

pitdepth measurennents or 

WEIGH

The Bureau has cooperat

in the construction of gradu

survevs These circle have 

of arc and none in excess 

equal to the angle subtended 

held a mile away from the 

Bain in precision the Coast 

circles of forei unnanufacl

12a wrational standardat

operation with the Internat

and the national Research 

made on four 24nneter inva

on two 24meter invar tape

of Canada and on two 24

The results obtained at the 

lent agreement although th

need further stud This is 

mnifornnity and increased a

Polanietri opparatu rand 

of glass volunnetric appara

were tested the highest ou

of the glassware submitted 

the hvdrouieters submitted 

all of this apparatus with 

was of American manufact

paratus were on hand at th

wnl about 5300 Inieces on 

g

m

in work has ade it neces

the density and thermal exp

Pirfler dockAdetailed 

record of the Bureau sRie

for testing watches clocks a

est as showing the accuracy 

of 30 years
66 RI PORT OF THE S

WeiyhtsThe number of 

This is slightly less than duri

of testing has been practical

character of the work has e

fact that there were about 10

mercial test weights and abou

of Class S analyt ical and 

Report o coopciatrre aiifle

on Orifice Coefficients of the A

can Society of Mechanical En

port of the orifice meter inve

cluding it review of other w

committee also prepared a sp

committee natural gas depart

basis for new instruetiois on 

orifice

Y

meters The Bureau h

heiww7 expansionPapers 

expansion of artifical graphite 

and polycrystalline aartiniony 

pansion apparatus An inves

perberyllium alloys is vell t

tained on the thermal expans

robber luxene flexible coupl

chromium alloy invar nickel 

requests have been received fo

ing the fused quartz thermal 

Bureau

Identifr eationThe Bureas

ing and typewriting has test

cases In on case thi testimo

ment about 100 0 Anothe

on about 81000 In a thir

bearing on the seizure and co

and the apprehension of the le

Cooperative dental researck

the American Dental Associat

ment in the general quality of 

to the dental profession and to 

dence and support of reputab

dental materials The coopera

is helping to keep defective ma

Maidiviy entiiWork on 

ing diffraction gratings has bee

ing machine have been redesig

tions

l

in friction between the c

rrtifacation of liarit gagesT

mic onieters lead screws pene

miscellaneous equipment show

previous year

Use of cadinivin and krypto

was developed for the use of c

the measurement of precision 

This permits the certification 
NATIONAL 

inches in length to an acc

were previously certified to 

Cooperation with standa

committees under the Ame

standardization committees o

been continued Progress h

approval of standards for s

and allowances for cylindrica

petroleum industry Prelim

standardization of rock drill 

Federal Government

Railway track scale tstin

track scales in the United 

the remaining scales are on 

scales tested were within the 

02 percent Adjustments 

scales to reduce weighing e

weighing performance

A total of 1240 railway s

were tested in 38 States and 

124 railroads About 78 per

rate within the allowable to

practically the same as that f

corrected on 153 of the scales 

These findings are consis

Year and indicate that the 

hibited over a period of year

hand no serious decline in a

Fiftyfive railwaytracksca

the Bureau master track sc

weight cars were weighed in 

tion of the Bureau strack sc

HEA

Effects of aping on clinic

been made on two lots of clin

courtesy of two of the larg

extending over a period of ab

for aging is determined alm

bulbs and that as far as all

the construction is concerned 

Test of these thermometers is 

Standard taNex for therm

teristics of chromel and alum

for these two thermocouple m

the various pyrometer manu

in the Journal of Research R

dlethods of testing thernaoc

response to a general demand 

lished in the Journal of Rese

ous methods available for te

materials and the precaution
68 REPORT OF THE 

accuracy in the experimenta

developed and used by the 

described in detail

Freezing point of galliumT

pure lot of the metal gallium 

The melting point of this r

ervstals melt to a liquid on a 

Heat of vaporization of vo

that the heat of vaporization 

tion of ice in the intake syst

wore secured by vaporizing th

a current of air thus permit

tures Measurements of a n

and a special safety fuel 

does not differ sufficiently to 

choice of an aviation fuel

Properties of water and ste

tensive investigation of tlo t

saturated steam in the nute 

peraturc was completed A 

obtained at the Bureau and 

elsewhere was prepared for 

Steam Table Conferetce hold 

by the Conference are in very 

The most important difference

conferences were found in th

a large number of additiona

pleted A full account of th

tion in the Journal of Resea

Orthopara hydrogen conv

sure of liquid hydrogen with 

conversion was investigated 

the hydrogen vapor pressure 

of temperature

Hydrogen deuteridePure 

the first time and its vapo

point were determined and la

Fire tests of ardtions In

completed the fire endurance 

partitions in preventing spre

from onehalf to 2 hours dep

Fire protection equipme

mostatic water valves autom

ments for automatic firealar

ment over earlier types in t

operation

Marine safety Fire haza

deck coverings flameproofed 

carried as cargo and stores 

safety regulations were atten

Phenomena of combustion

obtaining precise determinati

ratio and of additions of 
NATIONAL 

flame speed and expansion r

monoxide oxygen and wate

Spade plug specifications 

the Navy Department cove

tion spark plugs of improve

on a study of heat flow in 

prepared for publication 

porcelain spark plugs has b

tlireraft engine coolingA

C amerce a study has bee

small inverted inline aircra

peller Several cowling com

throttle engine operation a

Primarl detonation stand

the knockma characteristic

isooctane These standar

determine practical limits o

bust preventivesAn in

efficiency of a large numbe

ticular reference to their u

engines during storage Ce

to be extremely effective for 

preventives

Ffficiencpl of oil filtersL

types of automotive oil filte

highly efficient in removin

service

aybolt viscosity scale fo

nmler way on the establishm

Measurement of the Saybol

has involved a large numbe

old standard and the new c

Standard wave lengths

sensitive to a considerable r

demand for standards amon

publications Interference 

gases Research Paper 7

the infrared are spectrum 

this information

Spectrochemical testingA

pecially for spectrochemical 

It contains both grating and 

to deal with practically all 

Ilailpoad signal glasses

ciation of Railroads signal 

the Bureau has examined 

colorimetric requirements o

ciation of Railroads signa

glasses More than half of t

and their transmissions hav
70 REPORT OF TFi N 

to be issued to various manu

standards in the manufacture 

Scale of color lemperaturc

ture based on the color of ra

freezing platinum rhodium a

sistency by means of blue fi

within the uncertainty of the 

Lamps representing this adju

tional standardizing laborator

to the larger commercial labo

Photographic sensitometry

standardization of sensitomet

German proposals for measur

rated in a national report to 

raphy meeting at Paris in Ju

Airplane jnappiTests 

vided information on the perf

types of construction wbiuh 

tion of standard specifications 

plane mapping Computatio

arises front the glans pressure 

corrected by a suitable altera

Ultraviolet olul radiation 

with the Council on Phpsica

Association and with the Sc

P R data were obtained on 

radiation as affected b the 

of the observing station the a

International standardizatio

purpose of international stan

end gages were sent two each 

Britain Germany and the I

Measures in France These 

reau to within 1 part in 500

above laboratories and the res

ment attainable in such meas

Diamond paints for ruling 

ing diamond points for ruling 

finally perfected Independen

points show that the accuracy 

five times that obtainable on 

denomination

Refractomebr ymethodsAs 

velopment of precise refractom

variations in the temperature 

been prepared for reducing 

common standard set of con

been made of the effects of tem

and the magnitudes of possib

chemical heterogeneity and 
NATIONAL 

lea Umn and radioactie 

arations having a radium 

value of 660 00 were test

primary radium standard w

ary standard was found to 

improved photometric devi

powder has been develope

for testing luminous dials

1raysAn investigatio

againA Xrays has reveale

of the Iead and barium co

excitation voltage of the 

election of a glass which 

best protection per unit w

tinge insures adequate prote

Aldonic acidsPatents 

ment were issued on Proce

ucts resulting therefrom 

process for the preparation 

process for preparation o

preparation of crystalline 

already found considerable 

ture of calcium gluconate a

ucts such as calcium x0ona

lactobionate and calcium br

SaocharinzwterIn the 

charimeters it special study 

corrections Important inf

the method of correcting th

by the International Conun

Analysis

Properties of qla 

glasses quite similar to thos

or increased more than 3 p

tively the annealing temp

The effect of the annealing 

several glasses lias been In

these indices are changed d

fifth decimal for each degre

Apparatu sfor the United 

made for the Bureau of 

apparatus used in the deter

the appraisal of such prod

etc Such apparatus not 

rephiced with tandardized 

Pubtsi zation of raw 81es

basic lead acetate clarification 

has been extended to include 

sirups Particular attention 

sources Various types of 

been used The clarifying 

acetate of different basicitie s
72 REPORT OF TuE S

CH

Platinwm metalsMethods w

imm metals from the base me

The methods for the separatio

another developed in previous 

showing the complete procedur

group A survey was made o

affecting the serviceability of p

Electroplated coatings on s

posure and accelerated tests o

American Electroplaters Socie

Materials are still in progress 

coatings have been published t

and cadmium Several thousa

for a similar study of plated co

base die castings

Spe6footions for electroplat

with the American Electroplat

Testing Materials in the pre

chromium zinc and cadmium 

adopted as tentative standards 

Rapid eleetrodeposition of 

operation with the Bureau of 

that ductile nickel can be depos

nickel sulphate solutions but n

are now in progress on the rap

Atonic weightsAredeter

lium based on the element to 

has been started on a redet

aluminum

Standard samplesDuring 

nickel copperchromimn 1662

its stock of over 100 standard

ceramic materials irons steels 

and chemicals that are certifie

acid oxidimetric reducing 

Approximately 6000 of these 

Methods of aualytsisThe 

of mixtures of compounds of 

has been studied Methods fo

amounts of impurities in alu

pared with spectrographic m

sources of error of methods o

bustion is being made

Jas appliance studiesran 

with the city governments of 

effects on appliance operation 

gas supplied to those cities fro

and the extreme limits of adju

made by 80 men of experien

determined
NATIONA

Circular 405 Standards 

of service standards def

existing requirements was 

expected demand the first 

Paint specifications Re

and flat interior paints w

completed paints but with

prepared The elimination 

stitution of physical requir

to mark a distinct advance 

Isotopic fraelioaation of 

topes of oxygen has been 

water The Isotopic comp

liberated during electrolys

isotopic compo inml of wa

Therntorhemi t1 he 

determined accurately Th

one previously obtained for 

a value for the difference 

isomers of butane

IJOearbom fiompetr

longing to the hexane gro

fraction of petroleum e

boiling hydrocarbons app

points and an ebullioscopic 

wei have been develo

hyilro arborrs by means of 

Rubber hydroca LonTh

prepared at the Bureau wa

Co to be about 450 00 

Xray spectra of robber hv

Clark University of Illin

Gehman Goodvear Tire 

Microscopical methodsA 

microscopical methods fo

properties can be reported 

Ink potederTwo forn

make a writing ink superio

eral specification

MECH

Lctof engineering 

engineering instrument w

waterstream meters belo

of the hederal and State U

of suitable accuraev for th

lection purposes were co

meters for checking field i

Treasury Department Th

guishinr equipment presen

avigation and Steamboat 

ress The accuracy and re
i HEPORP OF TIIFSE

vue were investigated for the 

rnce test were ade of therm

fur approval for use on Govern

mtulc of a group of checks

Di partment

AcousticsThe services of t

by other Departments of the 

acoustic properties of building 

fications for acoustic materials 

tests of acoustic devices such 

engineering advice on acoustic 

noise Public interest in the re

and tests of material are freque

Aircraft inttrument develo

designed and constructed for t

partment include an improved 

ment for testing the instrume

models of a combination oxyg

pimne a maximum airspeed re

hour an improved fuel flow 

field stations Specifications fo

ficial horizon and an engine cy

tell for that Bureau The altitu

and reports on a method of te

measurement of altitude in b

National Advisory Committee 

At the request of the Bureau 

made to find a lubricating oil 

satisfactory over the range of 

operation during a period of at 

Measurement of turbulenceI

1 ixory Committee for Aeronau

t1w pressure sphere as a mean

air stream especially as to the 

in the turbulent flow on the p

improved hotwire equipment h

new method has been develope

diffusion serves to indicate the 

ple equipment is used A pap

laminar boundary layer was p

rational Advisory Committee f

Aerodynamical eharaderistics 

ing with the technique and the 

on automobile models were pub

Vibrations of aircraft prope

rotating propeller in the labo

of tae blades were measured by 

tions of the points of maxim

closeip to the locations of two 

failures in service Artificial 

were obtained in the laboratory 

of service failure This work 

stresses in vibrating blades w
NAHONA7 

search An instrument to 

in flight is being develope

Fixation of strutsIn c

tics Navy Department a

strength of columns such a

welded aircraft structures f

200 column specimens of v

different end conditions an

the design of such members 

Wear tests of pintle bear

ment wear tests have been 

in lockgate bearings Dif

sures and conditions of lu

was the only cup material te

pressures as great as 2000 

various monel metals gave s

cups Lubrication with wh

and asphalt content was fo

pounds per square inch

Aircraft jointsIn coo

Committee for Aeronautics 

lattice and Tjoints in chrom

been prepared for publicat

Nationa7 Hydraulic Lubo

been working out 10 investi

reau of Reclamation the G

Service and the Tennessee 

The investigations have 

channels such as the cha

stream gaging stations ero

and the laws of transporta

fundamental research on he

pipes and 3 miscellaneou

screens characteristics of 

eroded soil from agricultur

on draft tubes for hydraulic 

further experimental work 

Authority

The semiannual reports 

prepared and distributed io 

Governments and to hydrau

abroad

ORGANIC AN

Properties of rubberThe 

in proportions from 0 to 32 

thermal calorimeter Ref

compounds were made by a m

the examination of dark co

relations between the refrac

veloped Pbotoelastic meas

canized rubber and quantit

the double refraction the te
76 REPORT OF THE a

Antioxidants in rubberAn 

mercial antioxidants on the ag

tests under accelerated aging 

storage for periods up to 8 

numerical indices were develo

effected by the antioxidants

HosierjThe applicability 

chine to the evaluation of var

ing finishing and launderim 

made of fullfashioned sills H

United States to provide a b

The National Association of H

formulating standard construc

book entitled The Manufactu

addition two technical papers 

Textile test methodsA m

analysis of textiles containing 

was developed wliieli has been 

the American Society for Test

the fading of dyeings is rad

nection with the standardizatio

Wool textiles Won th

with the American Associatio

included A study of the effec

of the amino nitrogen conten

arginine content of protein a

solutions Methods of known 

of wool for total sulphur and 

published

UnderwearThe Bureau co

tute in developing additional 

underwear and in revising the 

Standard size booklet of 

article on the properties of k

Effect of fumigants on rec

in libraries and other depositor

tive insects were investigated a

with the cooperation of the Bu

antine Representative book 

various gases and were afterw

cal tests for deteriorative effec

as hydrocyanic acid carbon 

oxide and methyl formate ma

to the paper

The paierrnaking quality o

the practical possibilities of u

difficulties presented by struct

overcome by special mechanic

strong enough for use in brow

suitable for writing paper and 

Yields were very low making 

comparatively high
NArrONAL 

Lithographic prhatin

made in cooperation with 

some of the most troubleso

to new and more scientific 

ography Application of 

spoilage and unproved q

were found responsible fo

The el cct of acid o7i lea

ion concentration of a wa

more satisfactory guide th

present in predicting the 

aging

Moisture relations of a

ture absorption by aerona

materials indicated that 

absorb only small amounts 

gelatinlatex increase in w

humid atmospheres

Fireresi ctant doped fab

now commonly used to co

of airplane is very flamm

ous product is desirable 

was obtained by the app

airplane cloth and subseq

Pressed board q and pa

method was developed for 

forming them in a sheet s

sheet as a stron hard bo

operation was controlled 

the hot boards in the pre

developed for separating 

and fines

52ceetpotato starch suing 

various starches at Aubur

practical demonstrations i

potato starch is superior fo

cotton yarns and cloth

Measurement of the ac

With specially devised gla

has been possible to measu

textiles soils etc to withi

Bureau of Plant Industry 

have been developed wher

diseases can be differentiate

Quality of 1percentcb

character often differ decid

ing treatment A report l

tors controlling this Co

microstructure of the unh

2431635 5
78 RE11 OF THE S

developed on heating and the 

that is the depth of hardening 

Slccl for engraving platesA 

the Bureau of Engraving and 

the quality of steel used for eng

deformation the rate of work 

aging have been studied

Aircraft metals at subpero tc

der way of the effects of Ion 

erties particularly impact resi

nickel alloys and light metal 

structions

Engineering uses of silver 

ver producers completed a yeas

dustrial uses of silver The th

to the bactericidal properties of 

ufacturing equipment and the 

engineering alloys

Bridgecable wire Study ha

treated wire which proved unre

sis on the structure and on the 

important facts established are 

microscopic cracks and the rela

jected to a condition of combin

such as obtains if the stressed w

support

Semen awe elothOutdoor 

ferrous metal insect screen wire 

continuous exposure in industr

and a report published The s

vailing atmospheric conditions 

cent tin were most suitable un

Weldinq of steel Studies ha

tions in the welding procedure 

base metal on the microstruetnre

alloy structural steels

Airplane propelleratci r17T

fections on the endurance prope

propeller blades has been dete

on specimens machined from th

Underioater corrosion of iro

effect of various factors on the 

submerged in water has been c

lowin factors Velocity of wa

tial surface oxide films tempe

results of largescale tests on w

a period of a few months have s

of such tests to be continued for 

started

Weathering of light struatur

ing a series of exposure tests of 

silica glasses are now being studied
NATIONAT 

Code for safety glass in 

Standards and the Nationa

writers are cosponsors for 

mobiles under the procedu

tion The code was develo

and consumers of glass an

glass heat treated glass an

procurement of satisfactor

a number of States in est

motor vehicles

Production of optical gla

bracing four different kin

over 45000 molded and an

made for the Navy Depar

clay stirring thimble has 

lasses and the substitution 

in better lead glasses

Detembiation of coqitue

tion of metallographic met

ers is under way By po

coarse duck and tin ox de 

certain dilute acids it was 

compounds in the clinker a

ementCalorimetric d

of hydration of Boulder D

cements cured at different 

hydration are being measur

particle size distribution 

lometric composition on th

cretes was completed and 

were lacking in plastic pro

of a cement at any age w

but of the degree to which 

The investigation of 41 

different types was complet

nal of Research The add

edly increased the workab

ties of cements Requirem

were formulated based on 

the year the Bureau tested 

for the various Governmen

The Cement Reference 

Bureau and the America

completed its fourth tour 

throughout the country in

of laboratories at the reque

Pore structure of heavy 

sembled to investigate the 

structural clay products t

ture on the resistance of 

posed to weathering condi

Vitreous et amelsAt th

tute a standard reflectance 
82 rEP011T of TliS

tour of inspection of the prin

number of sources of discrepa

fore made Reflectance charts 

laboratories

Failure of enameled articles h

tated by residual stresses in th

stresses resulting froth large t

after firing persisted when th

50 C above the softening tea

peared in 3u minutes at a tem

of this study manufacturers a

ware to hold it slightly abov

enamel until it has assumed a 

then place it in the open air th

Building afonesThe study 

ing and monumental granites 

sorption porosity compressive 

mately 100 samples from 17 St

to the producers and various in

materials

WatExperiment

of surface waterproofing treat

pleted and the results publishe

SIMPLIF

Simplified practice recomme

practice recommendations hav

155 are availeble in printed fo

completed and prepared for pu

cased lead pencils R15534 ca

containers for extracted hon

forged

Pe

hammers and R16035 

and eaffirmation

tice recommendations were rev

ited standing committees of th

were reaffirmed without chang

vised of this action The rem

revised and the industries circu

New projectc Thirtthree 

recommendations were made 

bank and secm ityv an

others are earlier proposals wh

for example screen sizes of m

while still others await furth

such as spiral wound brushes 

cation of documents The div

tive administrators of the Nat

code authorities assisted seve

simplification projects

Approval of simplifi e7i ute 

trade literature textbooks Ye

continue to refer to simplified 

specific simplified practice rc
NATIONAL 

lislamentsFederal State 

recommendations College

in simplification as an eleo

TR

Commerci standardsA

commercial standards had 

and 50 were in effect and 

uncompleted projects for 

ards made a total of 100 

self government in industr

respective industries at th

commercial standards for 

marking of silver and go

of established connnerciad 

the first three mentioned a

anthracite and groundgla

standards namely fiber in

reaffirmed with minor chan

eral conferences were held 

standards of quality for 

men s pajamas rock drill 

fabrics curtain and drape

webs for overalls moliair p

CODES A

During the year the Div

include the activities of t

sections of the former Div

safety standards section of 

tion of this expansion its 

and Specifications

Building and safety co

pated actively in the work 

lating Committee and in t

Committee functioning un

ards Association Manusc

tion of the National saf

and eyes of industrial wor

the revised manuscript fo

waiters and escalators M

tion of building exits has 

in the new Government bu

and tested from the point 

pliance or lack of complia

Definite service has been 

Federal agencies a few Sta

ment in the preparation 

and other codes Surveys 

codes in use in America T

in two letter circulars
84 REPORT OF THE S

Building materials and stru

and maintenance services have 

ported agencies including the 

Homesteads Interior Departm

tion of Public Works Federa

Federal Housing Administrat

tion National Park Service 

Works Administration housi

Authority

The following material was 

for building materials lists of 

home heating publications rel

tion practicehome building an

terial relating to home buildin

ices and proposed coordinatio

Facilitating the use of specif

ply of commodities have been 

quests for listing from manufac

with 97 Federal specifications 

increasing the total number of 

than 18000 All of the comp

date so that they may be use

Index of Federal Specification

Standard Stock Catalog

Special services to governmat

In compliance with a request fr

ury Department the manuscrip

ernment Testing Laboratories 

of returns from questionnaires 

agencies The Procurement D

taking by compiling the manus

tion services These two dire

publication

Manuscript for a revised edit

testing and college research lab

for priming

All of the proposed codes of 

the Consumers Advisory Boar

proper references to qualit sta

interest A survey of the 557 

showed that definite references 

ards or the creation of comm

the 69 references in these codes 

the standards or standardizatio

Other agencies to which spe

following

American Civic Association 

tion of the activities of Federa

Building Officials Conference of 

of bmldmgs for structural wea

chasing Agents in a study of 

governmental educational and 

Housing Authority in arrangin
NATION A

the Bureau with relation 

struction and illustrating 

the building industry and 

ing Agents Association an

in a stnd of the use of 

GENERAL 

rbe amounts and object

year together with disbu

appropriation are shown 

Disbursements liabilitie

A ro rintions 

PP P

1935

bin utilily standnrr

r

our

Ile 

Total 1935

Total 1934

Total 1933

i Includes reimbursements received an

following footnotes also restoration of sa

1639110 91133 5000 11 

927 63 8 5702 43 

165 58 129997 

13 Also transferred to Procurement Divi

14 Includessacingsof7500

u Ineludos in addition to uuobligated 

691 922

BUREA

The fishery industry has n

the extent apparent in seve

the fiscal year 1935 the fishe

were made during the prev

true with the fishermen a

fishes Included in this ca

erel halibut mullet red s

rule these fishes are mark

Partial reports from the p

of some of these fishes have 

but the prices received by t

greater number of our fis

fishes and in many instance

During the past fiscal y

among fishermen catching 

salmon pilchards satine

others This uaav be due t

men as well its to the fact th

among consumers Lnprov

ring and menhaden fisher

act of Congress which ha

wuntry for cdomestieally pr

The fisheries of the 11nit

the high seas and in the te

cific Oceans and in the Gu

s well as in the Great Lak

data for 1933 when the m

made indicate an apprecia

value of the catch as comp

of the catch in the New En

Pacific States and Alaska 

ering the combined catch 

percent in the volute and 

in 193 3 is indicated an c

previous year

Based on the most recen

2

euaphwmnnnt to about 1100

899 908 00 pounds value

in most of the groups of pr

products amounted to 532100

resenting an increase of 28 

as compared with 1932 the 

at17466 000 representing 

duction of frozen fishery p
38 REPORT OF THE S

estimated to be valued at80

4 percent in quantity and 14 

output of fresh and frozen pa

129 608 00 pounds valued at

pounds valued at12823 000 

pourids of fresh fisliery produc

fish valued at about40000 

total marketed value to dome

products in 1933 is estimated a

Imports of fishery products 

1933 were valued at30462 000 

previous

8

year while exports 

339 000 or 7 percent more t

FISHERY ADV

During the year the Secreta

Advisory Committee represe

industry various geographica

interesrs including science m

purpose of considering fishery 

and offering recommendations 

The first meeting was held 

Bernarr MacFadden and vario

give detailed study and to later 

were appointed on the protec

on the relation of the fisheries 

research Committees were a

marketing and distribution on 

and publicity All of these 

reports and drafted a program 

of reports at the fall meeting 

EFFECTUATING A BETT

COMMERCIAL A

From time to time conside

commercial and sport fisherme

accused the commercial fisherm

on the other hand the commer

fishermen for trying to take a

no doubt has led to the ena

under the guise of conservati

only in transferring the fishery 

to another For this reason the

these two groups to the end th

will be prosecuted wisely It 

coordinated consideration to m

supply During the past year 

Members of the National Fis

commercial fisheries met with 

Council of State Fish and G

meeting at Montreal in Septe

common problems facing the fi
iTnEA

work laid for further coop

and sustained production of 

A local meeting similar to 

in 1935 which was attended 

from the Chesapeake Bay se

cussed which were clirectly 

froups egicTlationandofthebenefit discussion to allre

been held in various other s

COOPERATION WITH STAT

For many years the Bure

tion in fishery investigations 

private but the acceptance o

until the passage of the act 

In connection with fish cu

relations with the States as 

Planning Council of Comm

has been unusually effective 

this nature have been large

cedure and a refinement in th

ative arrangements existing 

ments have been made for 

Iowa to review Federal app

has afforded generous help in 

operation at the extensive 

tamed by the Pureau in the 

Tennessee and JCest Virgini

the Bureau shatcheries and 

fish when they were readv 

States have continued to sup

of trout eggs and are compen

of the eggs taken There h

shad hatcheries in the State 

Many of the cooperative 

a matter of administrative d

recital but their effects hav

ciency In fact it may be 

Federal fish cultural facilu

far as stocking is concerned 

being administered by diffe

California has continued 

with the Bureau concerned 

the more adequate supply o

lation of fishing within itt b

its cooperation in the condu

ments of trout to improve ha

Oregnn has cooperated with 

diseases and hatchery pract

Washington have assisted i

oyster beds in their coasta

Texas have taken an active 

fisheries of the South Atlan
90 SHPJIfr OF Tli1L 

that State budgets have be

budgets for these projects th

and is greaily appreciated

Another ource of most valu

tional institutions chiefly St

for the Bureau sinvestigative 

versity as headquarters for 

investigations University o

Great Lakes fishery investiga

investigations

for investigation

in the

of interior

intermou

California trout investigatio

Geologic Survey has coopera

Yale University Cornell Univ

and the Oregon StateArricu

quarters or others facilities fo

In the technological work o

cooperated in extending their 

studies Siate universities h

tions and other State institut

sonnel and laboratories in var

represented in this work during 

Food Research Commission a

chusetts State Agricultural C

Agriculture Washington State 

Station the University of Wa

sity and the University of Ma

The value of this type of co

be overestimated The Bureas

actual laboratory and office q

advice and assisauce from th

courtesies which stimulate a co

lems of the fisheries The uni

practical value and applicatio

graduate students receive stim

similar to those of the Bureau 

employment in Bureau proje

progress of aquatic biology an

In the Bureau sstatistical 

Lakes and Pacific Coast State

Virginia such exceptional coo

fishery agencies in recent year

limited surveys to supplement 

COOPERATION WITH 

The Bureau sprogram has a

of the various Bureaus of the 

it secures assistance of various 

aspects of commercial fishery 

At the close of the year plan

in North Carolina whereby a 

turned over to the Bureau for 

of providing fish for the surro
BIME

U 

The Bureau has been called 

Valley to aid the Tennessee Va

of conserving fishery resourc

The United States Army E

sideration to the Bureau srec

ments in the upper Mississipp

a hope that the dams compris

ment might be modified so as 

for the production of fish nati

work on the Bonneville Dam 

Friar Department allotted fun

that the Burean might carry 

the run of salmon over this ne

Through the cooperation 

supplies for the Pribilof Isl

the U S S Sirius and the 

out by this vessel on its ret

Guard also rendered valuab

for tae protection of the fur 

The nature of the work pe

Forest Sery ee the Office of 

tion and the Bureau of Biolo

interest in the Bu ean sfish 

and lakes raider the control 

portant feature of their adm

nccessar y to maintain closer 

is felt that the Bureau has b

While these cooperative re

ing nature there have been c

izations which offer prospec

Adjustment Administration 

of marginal lands has calle

plan a program for fish prop

Various members of the 

other Federal agencies in the 

studio relative to the fishe

aid was rendered the Nationa

opment of filicry codes a m

that Administration until O

in this work the Departme

studies the Federal Emerg

relief projects the Federal S

data on the fishery food sit

Corporation on loans to the 

Bureau has been appointed 

of the Depm tent of Agricu

price situation of surplus fo

The Bureau has had the c

Economics in the collection 

loldings of fish and the c

Wash ton D C in obta

Municipal Fish Wharf and 

the Burau obtained figures 

of fish oils for the Bureau o
92 REI uT OF TllK S

A

CONSTRUC

At the start of the year the

approximately 12 allotments fo

hatcheries These allotments 

Administration during the pre

to a conclusion during the fisca

A considerable portion of a 

development of the Leetowu 

mained available and was exp

bass and trout ponds remode

struction of a new dwelling

Early in the year a new P

received for the construction 

Lake Va 26 miles southeast 

ing the winter and at the clos

of ponds were virtually compl

along to the point where the e

ation during the fall of 1935 

propagation of shad as well as 

as well as various service build

ments The water supply w

through a canal

In general the construction 

fiscal years 1934 and 1935 can 

hatchery output attained durin

CONSERVA

The Multilateral Convention 

to by the economic committee o

on September 24 1931 became 

sequence of the deposit of the 

Britain and Northern Ireland 

was ratified by other nations a

Norway July 18 1932 Union 

Switzerland February 16 19

addition to these ratifications 

to the convention Nicaragua 

1932 Monaco June 17 1932 

January 25 1933

A bill has been introduced 

vention

BIOLOGICAL FIS

The major portion of the res

of the fishery resources of th

Division of Scientific Inquiry 

stations and laboratories and s

general rule the State govern

on any considerable scale M

effectively in scientific work 

mentioned previously This 

extended
BURE

Research activities are a

portant fields These are 

studies on the improvement 

warm water fishes and the p

interior waters 2 commer

the changes in abundance o

the Great Lakes the detect

abuses in the commercial fish

directed toward improving t

tion by cultural methods and 

The technical staff of the 

45 trained experts with p

assistants at some tines of t

are as numerous as the specie

food and game fishes are th

aive adequate attention to t

States coastal interior an

number of present investiga

AQUICUL

The problems of the fres

at present are concerned chi

properly stocking interior 

gram the discovery of suitab

surveys the conditioning o

capacity and the coutrol of 

Pond Sh cu7tureInves

ducted during the past year 

These investigations d

problems which have arisen 

Southern States where cond

from those found in hatche

1034 designed primarily to 

different fertilizers show th

are beneficial in producing a 

the fish feed but that food p

with fish production In h

small fish may be produce

forage food is required to c

October or November

Trout cultureTrout cu

at the experimental hatcherie

tiV V Here experiments 

economical ration for the fe

Detailed observations were 

of the same species at diffe

trout as a guide to more econ

tive breeding experiments 

stations to secure a superior 

egg production and disease 

lected from fish of known lin

Fish nutritionAt the U

N Y cooperative investiga

24518 359
94 REPORT OF THE 

nutrition which have been u

State of New York Cornell U

continued As a result of the

have been devised and numero

of food materials have been s

of hatchery operations throug

hatchery and stocking problem

tive basis in California conce

aging the supply of steelhead 

various trout species in the hig

Fish pathologyProgress 

shady of fish diseases that an

hatcheries Experiments on t

ease and blue sac disease 

preventives or cures and a cl

lished to aid fish culturists i

prevention In this service pr

mail when fishes are sent to 

Stream surveys Utilizing 

stream surveys were conducte

and parks in various parts of 

the surveys was to provide a

the fish population in each lak

at hand it has been possible 

each body of water is best ad

most advantageously Onesix

ests have been surveyed durin

many miles of water formerly 

less and in some localities su

economy and efficiency can the

program

In connection with the stre

improvement was carried out 

pose of increasing the carry

streams Since there are few 

estimate of the true value of 

primarily experimental and 

after several years

Folbution of watersOne 

maintenance of abundant stoc

waters and the chief hindranc

tional supplies is pollution from 

destruction of fish life by pollu

localities is rapidly growiug 

and industrialized sections of 

Without authority until th

March 10 1934 the Bureau ha

allotment of funds from the 

promising start on an investig

the conservation of aquatic life 

the protection of aquatic life 

trial uses of water or for the 

a certain degree more exactin
BvRBA

Lacking suitable standards 

as fish habitats research has 

detailed study of the physiol

stances and the establishment 

nance of an abundant fish fau

for publication that establish

as a guide to efforts at stream 

In addition to the laborator

surveys of actual conditions in 

of pollution have been made 

the Mississippi drainage

COMMERCIAL F

Although the total yield of 

States has been maintained a

ter of a century many of the 

dergoing progressive depletio

mercial fisheries are organize

of the condition and trend 

rather than as disconnected 

Their purpose is to trace froi

of food fishes resulting from 

the first signs of serious depl

lation or control of fishing op

maintain

tions are

the

the

fisheries

sole guide

on

to

the

wi

b

17addoekIn the North a

and statistical studies have b

dock mackerel squeteagae 

offshore Nova Scotian banks 

has been given to measuring 

ply of haddock available for 

that the haddock population 

at a low level of abundance 

were not more than onethir

192623 As a result of thi

now forced to fish on banks 

upward of 600 miles from th

data on age composition gro

haddock population indicate 

commercial fishing which is 

more rapid rate than natu

growth One of the causes 

quantities of undersized and 

of regular trawling operation

DlackcrelMackerel inves

cover the best possible use o

provides One means is to p

erel so that the inchistry may 

and the other is to find out 

more valuable supply of large 

the intensity of fishing on th

abundance of mackerel in ad
96 REPORT OF THE 

annually for some years D

for the previous season wer

to note the effect of the curt

the code of fair competitio

the prediction of abundanc

prediction for the 1935 seaso

year The rate of catching m

was entirely in accord with 

unusually heavy run daring 

observations on the life his

tinued and a comprehensive 

tion policies is in the process 

Share fish of the Middle 

have been made regarding th

scup sea bass flounders and 

in the inshore regions from 

details of the life history a

species the squeteague or w

the relationship between the 

P03 6011 of the range and th

and New York Fully oneh

Delaware Bay is derived fro

servation therefore must be 

exploitation from Chesapeak

tic restriction of the catch in 

Regulation of the New Je

rapid development of the o

catch of this important bran

depend not only on the ab

availability which is affecte

Wastage of immature fish 

drain upon the supply De

although its possibility as 

shore areas in the summer 

is clearly recognized

Slarintp investigations ire 

Landings of shrimp the m

lantic and Gulf States have 

been secured of the depletio

on the South Atlantic coast 

fisheries

Previous investigations ha

tory and development of the 

ing the past year chief atte

movements of this species s

larly on the Atlantic coas

made to trace the movements 

tion of populations and by 

however is a difficult proce

given to the perfecting of a 

pected that a considerable 

waters during the winter pe

vessel prevents au immedia

grounds or to follow shrimp 
BURE

Great Lakes fohe WOw

budget no field work was c

past year The staff howe

terial gained in previous y

legislative matters with the 

The most urgent need in 

form regulations of commer

have failed to secure coordi

progress in improving cons

conferences during the past 

An intensive statistical st

Lakes waters of the State o

studies based on detailed re

Department demonstrate th

by deep trap nets and the 

action was directly instrum

and restricting the use of thi

A study of the life histo

of the pike perches is nearin

yellow perch were pursued

Pacifie coast fishery inve

undertakings of the Division 

program of investigation o

River begun in July 1034 

1 To provide for rationa

the lower Columbia in orde

fish for spawning purposes

2 To assure free passage 

dams in the Columbia Rive

3 To provide for increas

by removing all unnecessa

spawning grounds formerly 

4 To improve artificial p

production by reestablishing 

5 To improve survival by 

fi To prevent loss of dow

tion diversions

A complete surve of the 

order to assess these various 

of the commercial catch from 

recommendations were offer

ment for the construction 

Dam including four gravity 

three fish locks or hydraulic 

the dam and a series of fin

migrants3200 0 has bee

though the problems of fish 

Bureau is confident that effe

salmon runs at this point wi

With an allotm ntfrom 

Bureau has constructed scre

the Yakima River for the p

irrigation canals of the Recla

were constructed on other wa
98 REPORT OF THE 

The studies recently undert

Sound have also been continu

sockeye and coho salmon fis

these fishes have been studied 

statistical analysis of the sock

area was made which demo

important stock of fish and 

regulation of the fishery

Studies have been continued 

salmon in Alaska namely t

Studies of the red salmon of 

continued observations for ni

past year for the purpose of 

escapements of spawning fis

now available showing wide 

a ratio of return to escapemen

to be little possibility of reg

produce consistently a large 

directed to the determining o

order to control natural forc

interest of conservation

Similar studies of the cha

also been continued in southe

show that wide fluctuations m

of this species Studies of th

it affects spawning condition

affecting rate of growth and 

better regulation of the fishe

Further studies have been p

in limited areas in Alaska w

population that make up the 

statistical analyses of the races 

ments have been undertaken 

limits of movement of the var

facilitated by the perfection o

fish in commercial catches 

are now being secured to guid

regulations

SHELLFISIIF

Tuvestigation of the variou

were carried out in all the p

Atlantic and Pacific Coastal 

work was expanded by an e

pollution in Louisiana wate

aquatic life of the developm

waters

In the New England area 

tinuation of the investigation 

started by the Bureau in the 

temperature and varying am

of sea water were studied in 

the storing of glycogen or an
BURE

mental to practical method

oysters through artificial fe

environment

A number of investigatio

South Atlantic States with 

beds in North Carolia and F

the native Olympia oyster i

tical result of this latter un

precise time of setting of oy

oystermen to regulate the

maximum set of seed oyste

In order to answer man

hard clams a minor researc

tory of this valuable shellfi

in Long Island Sound rega

ology as a basis for develo

Oyster pest controlNear 

tion of 100 0 became ava

various pests of the oyster 

menacing the existence of c

competent investigators was 

lished at Milford Conn to 

tions of starfish at Bivalve 

trol of the drill which is t

Middle Atlantic section and 

leech a flat worm which ha

of valuable ot ter supplies 

was transferred from the Sh

to the Federal Emergency R

control work in the vicinity 

continue throughout the ne

strating practicable method

by the Federal or State Gov

in controlling the most im

ALASKA 

ADMINISTRATION OF 

The control of commercia

usual in accordance with ge

servation of the fisheries A 

the main object of which i

brood fish to maintain a ma

50 percent of the salmon run

ment Careful observations 

when signs of depletion are 

medial measures are initiate

An unusual abundance of 

terized the 1934 season an

mercial operations were im

strictions were relaxed as the 

for the protection of the fis

19 the most important chang
100 REPORT OF THE S

mercial fishing in the Bristo

runs in order to build up the 

years divisible by 5 and the 

greater escapement of salmon 

the tendency of this form of 

localities

Twelve regular and 164 te

patrolling the fishing grounds 

crews of 12 vessels of the Bu

extensive use than in previou

planes as an auxiliary patro

Bureau swork and inspection 

Weirs for counting the esca

ated in 12 typical salmon str

allotment of Public Works Ad

lishment of several of these st

counts of salmon thus made 

nection with life history stud

determining the ratio of esca

in regard to salmon herring a

Some work was accomplishe

barriers that prevented the 

spawning beds In certain lo

ditions were improved by the 

feed upon the salmon eggs a

partly by weir operators and 

appropriation of funds for th

ture and by contributions of 

Yakutat regions At its 193

again appropriated 15000 f

and for the destruction of pr

pended under the same provis

appropriations

ALASKA S

Only one salmon hatchery w

1935that of the Pacific Ame

in the southeastern area A

eggs were collected from wh

liberated in Alaska waters 

fisheries act of June 26 1906 t

a rebate on license fees and ta

at the rate of 40 cents for each 

PRODUCTS 

Notwithstanding the fact th

handicapped by reason of th

coast which for a time caus

supplies and by price disagre

in southeast Alaska and the 

fishery products was the lar

This exceptional harvest may 

dance of salmon in virtual

increased activity
BURE

Salmon products compris

percent in value of the ent

total production of salmon a

38749 000 or an increase 

percent in value over the o

percent of the salmon produ

salmon the pack amounting 

Red salmon represented 35 

pack of canned salmon as co

species in 1933

The production of herrin

record output of meal and 

fish taken were too small f

products declined in quant

station that land been closed 

output of whale products w

minor species except clams 

1934 season as compared w

gain being in the crab indu

The total output of Alask

1934 was 46824 000 poun

with an average of 360 0970 

5 year period from 1929 to 

to the fishermen was appro

more than in the preceding 

ployed in the various bran

in 1933

ALASKA 

GEN

The chief activity in the 

sealskins for commercial pu

July Killings are confine

seals of which approximat

the skins obtained on St 

the stripping process and b

skinning by hand is still 

where less than one fourth 

Island

Sealing operations were 

and by approximately 60 n

the direction of a staff of 

of the Pouke Fur Co were 

assist with the washing and 

with the furseal contract

An allotment of 3000 

enabled the reconditioning 

in the sealing industr S

the way of construction o

extension of surfaced roads 

from the killing grounds to 

Delivery of 15 percent of 

made to the Dominion of 
102 REPORT OF THE S

international treaty for the p

were delivered to a represent

in August 1934 The Governm

to 15 percent of the sealskins 

tinued to have its skins hand

receiving an appropriate share 

Two hundred sealskins were 

share of the take by the Japan

1934 They were received by t

Louis Mo in December

SE

As of August 10 1934 the 

Pribilof Islands furseal herd 

or 848 percent over the corre

TAKE 

In the calendar year 1934 the

53468 furseal skins of which 

10496 from St George Island 

number taken in 1933

SALE 

Two publicauction sales of 

Islands were held at St Lou

October 15 1934 10000 black 

6000 of the new safari brown

At the same time three confisc

sold for750

The second sale held on Ap

dyed 11500 safari browndy

skins which brought a gross s

Special sales of Pribilof Isla

retary of Commerce in the fisc

dyed 1843 safari browndyed 

raw salted skins which brough

addition the Department adve

for 621 22two furseal coats 1 

been used for display purpose

Pribilof Islands sealskins

The management of blue fo

Islands is incidental to the fu

at a time when sealing activi

first of December the animal

trapped for their pelts

During the 193435 season th

fox skins on St Paul Island a

George Island a total of 100

and 266 on St George Island 

ing stock The reserve inclu

ammals that were not caught i
BI711E

In the fiscal year 1935 ther

21935 5025 white fox skins 

for 38 and 1 white fox skin 

The raw skins were taken o

season and the dressed skins 

had been used for exhibition 

FUR SEAL SK

Indians dwelling on the 

Ocean are privileged to enga

provisions of the North Pac

thus taken must be 

before they can enter into co

taken and duly authenticate

ments 290 furseal skins of 

Washington 11 by Indians o

of British Columbia Rep

authentication of 6 additiona

the State of Washington m

year

FU

A patrol for the protection 

United States Coast Guard 

125foot patrol vessels to this 

vessels of the Bureau aho 

in the vicinity of Neah Bay 

the herd

PROTEOIrION OF SEA O

Regulations issued on July 

of walruses and sea lions in A

killing of sea otters is prohib

PROPAGATION AND DISTR

It is gratifying to report 

appropriation available for t

resulted in a noticeable incre

The total distribution of fish 

cooperative basis in State ha

comparison with an output 

The 1935 figures are still ma

several years ago which exc

extent this increase over the 

tion of the activities at the G

gates marine forms Couple

step up in the output of som

mercial handled at interior s

Of the hatcheries which w

economy requirements those 

mercial hatcheries remained 

closely comparable to the p
104 REPORT OF THE 

The output of small mout

eagerly sought by the sports

of the previous year There 

demand for hatcheryproduce

requirements for stocking ar

the Federal Government cons

There was also a moderate 

constituting the larger fish 

distribution of these larger fi

than last year The list of 

the same as during the prev

white perch were handled du

pollock was included in the fig

The sportsmen sorganizatio

accepted the requirement tha

of transporting the fish from 

bution has been further simp

eral State fish and game depa

fish produced at Federal hatc

PROPAGATION 

1

Marine species Atlantic 

400 0 in the output 

flounder is to a large exten

Gloucester Mass station 

increase is represented by eg

planted on the spawning gr

for full scale operation of the 

forms represents between 85 

ratio which is similar to the 

cod were propagated at the W

year

Pacific sabnonWhile incr

silver and chum salmon the

tion of Chinook variety and 

of sockeye salmon This was 

Quinault Wash station o

eyes since closure of the Ala

materialize presumably on a

The number of all species of 

ling stagge compares very favo

Ana omous species Atlan

virtually the same as In 193

mon in Maine was significa

when Canadian eggs were no

produced in lesser numbers 

to 450 00 was derived fr

Potomac River station at Fo

Commercial species interio

of the hatcheries handling c

has continued Consequently 

has remained small even th

approximately four times the 
BURE

station again handled large 

500 0 eggs the major

uted by the State Two ha

As a whole operations w

results Inasmuch as some 

there were fluctuations amo

last year sproduction Spe

put of bass owing to their h

It would be possible to incre

distributing them at smalle

ing value However the pr

have been greatly intensifie

food for fislies which becam

year

RES

An increase in the amoun

the Bureau s activities in t

Refuge was reflected in a 

rescued There was handle

10 species This is still be

rescued when funds are ava

water condition make the 

areas an urgent need Onl

sections the balance being 

The aquarium located un

of Commerce Building i m

ington spopular points of in

izations which gather for c

elude the aquarium in their 

The general exhibits were 

as during the previous yea

to be a point of particular 

during the year it has been 

hibits one of which was the 

esting novelty was a pair o

the Amazon Basin

The aquarium also was of 

ing foreign shipments of live 

Puerto Rico Panama and 

As usual the display of 

operation for the purpose 

incubating various types of 

MARKETI

Per capita oonsumption o

indicates the domestic per c

133 pounds in 1931 This i

tion of meats amounting to 
106 REPORT OF THE 

STATISTICA

FISIIERILS OF THE UNITE

New England States Du

Alain New Hampshire Mass

cut employed 17073 fishermen 

pounds valued at 13486 000 

but a decrease of 4 percent in 

1932 Landings of fish by A

Gloucester Mass and Portl

pounds as landed valued at

in volume and 13 percent in 

year Middle Atlantic StatesTh

New Jersey Pennsylvania an

to 8574 fishermen Their c

valued at4811 000an incr

percent in value as compared 

York City during 1933 amou

fisbery on the Hodson River 

cauglit 519 000 pounds of sha

percent in volume and 20 perc

Chesapeake BaY1 StatesI

Maryland and Virginia emp

amounted to 273 poun

24 pecennt in volume and 14 

previous year The shad and 

were prosecuted by 651 fishe

shad valued at 149 000 and 

24000a decrease of 19 pe

crease of 1 percent in the catc

South Atlantic anad ulf St

eries of this area for the yea

Lakr StatesNo survey w

Ontario Erie Huron Michi

Rainy Lances and Lake of the 

Pacific Coast StatesThe 

Oregon and California in 1

catch amounted to 860 11 00 

increase of 53 percent in vol

pared with 1932 The total 

Canadian vessels amounted t

000 an increase of 6 percent 

compared with the preceding 

Mississippi River and trib

area in 1933

MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS IN 

Fresh and frozen packaged 

recent data available the do

packaged fishery products am
BUR

17294 000 Important pr

shucked oysters 5687 000 

haddock 35149 000 pounds 

packaged crab meat 68600

Frozen productsThe p

8

1933 amounted to 95874 000 

006 30 The volume o

than in 1932 The most im

volume were ground fish 

shellfish

Cured productsBased o

mestic production of cured 

pounds valued at 12823 000 

were boneless cod 9517 000 

salmon 8229 000 pounds v

Canned productsCann

amounted to 533 212 000 po

of 37 percent in the value 

alone amounted to 30598 00

important products were tu

mackerel clam products a

ByproductsDar

byp

ing 193

roducts amounted to 140

compared with the preced

group consist of marine a

products

TECHNOLOG

These investigations cove

applied to fishery products 

sciences of chemistry engin

nology to the manufacture 

fishery harvest Chemical a

with the preservation of fish

fishery byproducts the nutr

cookery investigations cons

fishery technology Some o

ing the past year were The 

canning o some species of fi

simplifying methods for de

the discovery of further fac

of fish oils and fishliver 

utilizing salmon cannery wa

further data on the role oft

ucts in nutrition and the is

cookery

Preservation of fishery pro

general pertain to the chem

tion and spoilage the deve

dling fresh and frozen fish 

development of methods for 

past year a better method fo

was devised which is conside
108 REPORT OF THE 

mercial method of floating 

storage of frozen mackerel is 

fish to become rancid thereb

Obviously the intensity of r

centage of oil in the fish whic

seasonal fluctuation the max

Studies are being made to p

process was developed for sm

quality product This proces

ton and should be of aid in ex

ing periods of unusual abunda

of food value through leachin

ered with waterproof wrappe

Progress was made in develop

the relative freshness of cod 

cial conditions A pamphlet 

tested methods for canning s

Bacteriological investigation

all technological investigations 

experimental products or met

For instance bacteriological e

mental packs of fish canned 

processes produced sterility on 

packed in ice in determining 

on the tests developed for det

In addition special bacteriolo

the development of disinfectan

determining the effect of antis

fresh haddock when packed i

investigations

Preservation

in

of

the

shery

field of

by

apparent during the past yea

tion of salmon cannery wa

vitamin active oils and a hig

from this type of material by 

vitamin oils have been proved 

mins for poultry feeding and 

of these vitamins for human n

added to canned salmon to 

appearance of the pack De

made of the results of the abo

Studies on the manufactur

possibility of producing mate

mental information obtained 

has contributed much to a be

meals in animal feedimr

By investigation of tie oil 

reau discovered the richest k

A and D and as a result of t

ing additional revenue from 

discarded Swordfishliver oi

as 300 0 U S P vitamin 
BUR

units as compared to the m

600 vitamin A units and 95 

revenue to the fishing ind

domestic supply of vitamin 

Nutritive value of aqua

value of aquatic products d

tion of the vitamin conten

other fish and fishliver oi

mental methods as previous

A and G in crab meat a st

analyses of conch meat a

stituents of fishery product

our technologists made use 

ing tests with laboratory 

human subjects Our inve

liver oils are of great pote

and animal nutrition that 

vitamins A and G that s

stabilizer in the preparatio

value comparable to the ke

mineral constituents found 

of great importance in hum

Fish cookery investigati

established a fish cookery 

simple and practical recipe

and shellfish A very pop

was issued and widely dis

recipes

BLACK BASS 

The black bass law was 

temporary employees 1 p

office and approximately 1

are regularly employed S

serve the Federal Governm

the Chief of the Division 

bass law were found but 

report the case for prosecu

has been conducted in wellk

Mountains and fish mark

inspected for illegal shipm

cooperation of all the Sta

functions

During the year the leg

sion affording an opportu

tion protecting black bass 

be fully effective Three S

black bass at all times reg

37 States where these game 

One State adopted a closed 

now protect the bass on the 

ing period The closed se

Several States increased 

on black bass 6 States ado

2431035 x0
110 REPORT OF THE S

the State fish and game laws 

the commission to promulgate 

tourist licenses were adopted 

The adoption of all these m

in line with its policies for the 

bass

Because of its administratio

Division is daily called upon f

licenses and every subject pe

requested by letter telephone 

cants how when and where t

Division to prepare a number 

of Books on Angling List of 

Anglers Licenses Issued by th

from Tabulation of the Laws 

the Various States List of Sta

Angler sLicense and a leafle

many items of interest to the 

mand for all of these publicat

applying to the Bureau of Fish

Owing to the many changes 

Circular No 16 contauung the 

revised and will be published 

Twentyseven permits for ta

the District of Columbia for 

Division during the year a de

V

Thirteen vessels of the Alask

cal miles in the fiscal year 193

miles by 15 vessels in the prec

greatest distance with aprosi

Tedeach covered about 13300 

miles

The Penguin made five rou

Pribilof Islands transporting 

Supplies also were landed in 

Department and the Coast and 

The Auklet Xittiwake and 

tive work in southeast Alaska 

operated in the Seward Katalla 

area The Scoter patrolled the 

after the departure of the Eid

The Crane and Red Winq were 

the Blue Wing was in Bristol 

Bay season the Blue Wing as

Peninsula area and in southeas

stationed at Chignik and the C

The Widgeon and Petrel wh

in the fiscal year 1934 were ou

The Brant was used in gene

east klaska although two trip
BUR

ern Alaska Furseal patr

tained by the Brant A 

Alaska was carried on by 

AP

1

Appropriations for the 

as follows

Salaries Commissioner soffic

Propagation of food fish

Maintenance of vessels

Inquiry respecting food fis

Fishery industries 

Pmtecting seal and salmon fishe

Upper Mississippi Wildlife and 

Enforcement of blackbass law 

Exclusive of iudefinito deficiency 

tion of salaries Also etclusire of 

for oysterpest control pork of whi

the approval of the act on Mar 22 

LIGHT

George R Putnam Com

1910 retired from active s

the Lighthouse Service retir

by the President to the new

Lighthouses in 1910 and car

house Service under the pro

administration of the Light

trict offices were combined 

Further economies have bee

sive introduction of autom

ment of a considerable num

improved buoys At the s

has been greatly increased 

more than doubled Especia

up of a competent technica

house Service on a decentra

pioneering work in further

navigation was accomplishe

field is due in great measu

in the addition of radiobeac

constitute an advance of firs

for since the discovery of th

no greater need than that 

taking bearings on invisible 

The office cf Commissione

the appointment by the Pre

Secretary of Commerce of 

sioner and for a number of 

districts

The Lighthouse Service 

through the application of 

ment This equipment has 

has been a factor in malting 

meet the growing needs of n

a gradual reduction in ope

5

Allotments from the P

620 334 from funds provi

Act have enabled the Lighth

materiall improve its plan

desirable and economical pr

sible of accomplishment un

tions During the 2 year 

been under way no direct 

Lighthouse Service have be

in prior years
114 REPORT OF THE S

This work has included the 

lightstation structures 4 in re

ment of former structures an

being on submarine sites the 

and improvements of 10 othe

office buildings on sites at dep

of administrative and supply 

lighthouse teuder sand 2 derric

of 16 lighthouse tenders includ

etc similar overhaul of 6 lig

facilities by new construction a

of others improvement of the 

particular improvements in the 

equipment some 30 stations 

equipment replacing obsolete 

tages of frequency stability an

therefrom

This construction program 

anticipated that all projects w

tion season of 1935 In additio

of the Lighthouse Service and 

and extension of economies in o

tive in the relief of unemploym

The twelfth conference of 

Washington from January 28 

tated a highly desirable excha

administrative matters betwee

arated parts of the country 

addressed by representatives o

having work related to that of 

On October 18 N C Many

of lighthouses from the ninth 

offices in Philadelphia and o

sumed the duties of superinten

quarters at San Juan P R

After an extensive test of e

sideration of the matter at the 

intendents an arrangement of 

cate the purpose of buoys is 

throughout the Service and w

the close of the present calen

buoys and the color of the lig

used to indicate their purpose 

also been used to indicate part

feature oof the new plan is the 

indicate the need of more tha

marking wrecks junctions tur

row but important channels an

of special significance Comp

the flashinglight characteristi

installation has been generally 

has been received from mariner
LIGH

During the year there was 

a small pamphlet describin

to navigation upon the Gre

valuable information regard

Service makes available to m

With the erection of the 

Bridge at San Francisco it 

Light Station probably the 

California coast This ligh

old Spanish fort

On May 15 1935 the first 

Lightship a white marble ce

Bedford men who lost their 

New Bedford This memo

group of New Bedford resid

Committee

During the year continual 

of aids to navigation 59 lig

or occulting the illuminant 

the illuminant of 27 to ace

experimentally at two stati

tablislied increasing the tota

On June 30 1935 there w

by the Service a net increas

were 1013 aids discontinue

necessary or as having been 

IMPROVEMENTS IN 

Electricity has become of 

of the Lighthouse Service 

supply for fog signals rad

varied types Eight acetyle

changed to electric incande

stances the lens which forme

fitted with motor drive I

further experiments have be

suited to the lenses in whic

standardize further on types 

Additional installations o

light stations to turn off th

lights interconnected so as 

placed in operation at a n

favorably by mariners

The number of minor ligh

primary cells is increasing a

ability and economic justifi

where commercial current 

recharging Experimental 

batteries for electric lighted 

Packs of dry cells designed 

also in use The test of a 

still under way operating 
116 REPORT OF THE 

drain on the battery a signal 

in average sea conditions is o

Considerable improvement 

Nine installations of obsolete 

placed by modern equipment 

installed as conditions permit

A lowpower crystal contro

on lightships on inside waters 

oratory in Detroit and additio

equip seven lightships not now 

The laboratory has develope

the frequency of existing radi

The operation of Fourteen F

of Mackinac Mich which ha

Light Station about 4 miles 

perimental The observer h

Shoal has been withdrawn 

torily The successful concl

Bureau to extend this method 

this instance being controlled 

and further complicated by t

station equipment The resul

some of the major functions 

studied

Ten additional installations 

a total of 29 have been made 

in times of emergency and giv

is necessary for effective supe

and the other aids in their vic

ities either radio or wire are 

A selfcorrecting timer fo

air signals has been develope

fhe same purpose has also bee

signals have now been synchro

43 stations a simple uniform 

stations

An improved type of anten

ships and an experimental 

anten na mast for shore station

A radio warning signal of 

ular radiobeacon was establis

indicate to navigators their cl

experimental installations hav

at a fixed station on the Grea

The design for the new lig

Shoals embodies several featu

includes the latest improveme

Marked economies are being 

ress of providing where pract

submarine sites in place of ligh

become of decreased importa

needs of the mariner these a
LIGHT

aids more favorably located 

or automatic apparatus is in

sultant economy The estab

station which can be directl

in some instances improved 

caissons of sheet piling for 

has been extended

Experiments to determine 

and thirdclass nun buoys to 

during the winter were carri

from running ice in a test of 

to be negligible

The program of moderniz

is being continued A numb

the year and others are bein

of the diaphragm types of s

fog signal testing laboratory 

Va is being equipped with 

apparatus for determining th

signals in use and for obtai

ments in design may he work

Reports are being receive

on then observations of the 

lected stations on the Great L

fied and evaluated by the Bur

incident to the transmission o

Several additional installa

bells have been made during 

A uniform method of ma

ticularly that portion extend

adopted To a considerable 

will also be accomplished 

showing the approved pract

has been prepared for the use 

Improvements in the info

have been continued both as 

of the information supplied 

has been had to the publicatio

in some instances to illustrat

arising from the temporary p

The use of radio broadcasts 

ADM

Appropriations for the m

totaled 8981 654for the fisca

allotments by the Public Wo

1935 for special works but 

1935 from allotments made 

from the Department approp

and for printing and bindin

was transferred from Gener

to the Bureau sallotment for 
118 REPORT OF THE 

There was received and de

From sale of Government p

etc3155 56 forfeitures by 

for property destroyed or da

interests 3106 96 commis

total 45618 52

Important changes in the 

permit of the more efficient h

been made during the year 

first district have been move

land Maine to the recently 

where nearly all of the dep

concentrated The offices of 

moved to the recently comp

S C Lighthouse Depot T

moved from Baltimore Md 

proximity to the district smo

and also close to the geogra

is being maintained in Balt

maritime interests of that im

Items of special legislation 

by the Seventyfourth Congr

fer of 35 parcels of land to 

Government departments an

Key West Fla between the 

of Commerce The 35 parce

lows Navy Department 1 

Texas 1 in Massachusetts 

Department of Agriculture 

ifflebigan Treasury Depart

ships counties and State 

Massachusetts 3 parcels in 

2 parcels in Delaware 1 pa

1 parcel in Wisconsin 2 pa

2 parcels in California 1 p

of the transfers to local au

or road improvements and 

ho se reservations no longer 

parcel in Maine was transfe

tion Certain additional roc

served for lighthouse purpos

navigation

A readjustment of the bo

1whtbouse districts was mad

by which certain aids in the 

Overfalls Lightship are plac

district

A violent storm which str

October 21 attained maximu

River where a wind velocit

Head Light Station and seas 

ship No 943 occupying the Co
JAGH

off her charted position de

speed ahead on the engines 

20 miles south of Cape Disap

bia Ricer sustained the fu

of its light is 133 feet abov

entire station was complete

meeting the precipitous side

over the masonry and ironw

section of the rock itself w

done to the station An as

flying glass Extremely h

by the lighthouse tender as

mat for the making of 

while thi pork was in hate

and a foreman of the work

on by exposure As their 

tender Rore ewceeded after 

by breeches buoi lines and 

During the fiscal year the

thorized personnel for opera

reduction having been most

repair in connection with t

authorized from emergency 

number of persons employed 

166 light keepers and ass

ships and tenders 101 Burea

trict suuperiuteudents and te

janitors and office laborers 

ing laborers 178 lamplig

and 465 field force employe

addition to the above there 

personnel paid from emerge

During the general econo

purpose of curtailing expens

necessary reduction of pers

where employees of long 

When stations or vessels wer

be provided for immediately 

these persons were tempora

occurred thec were given p

stantially all meritorious 

were taken by the Service i

is thought that a gratifying 

In addition to their regula

aid to those in distress Du

saving life and property o

ported many of these acts 

risk and in some cases bei

employees were commended 
120 REPORT OF 7HE S

LIGHTH

Important additions and imp

ice have been made during the 

At Portland 1llaine a comb

blacksmith shop and a garag

been enclosed with a suitably 

on the wharves has been com

and appurtenances at Southwe

the astern Steamship Co ha

replace the depot at Bear Isl

mainland It is planned to 

repair and extend the wharf 

ments

A new steel building has bee

ware

At Portsmouth Va the de

new machinery installed Al

merly at Lazaretto Depot Ba

modern shops at Portsmouth 

of the fifth lighthouse district 

The new office building for 

in the Charleston depot groun

A wharf has been construc

on the Industrial Canal at N

under construction

In the eleventh district w

River at Sault Ste Marie M

storage building has been erec

bulkhead and boat slip is in pr

A new wharf at Tongue 

dwelling roadway etc at L

completed

It has been necessary to re

T H because of dredging im

Various items of equipmen

of these important adjuncts to 

welding outfits etc have been 

LIGHTH

At the end of the year 59 

1 laid up in reserve Thirty 

with direction finders 31 hav

telephones

The following tenders have 

year Anemone Aspen Magn

Hibiscus and Mangrove

The following ware the num

specified omitting small vesse

1920 55 1930 55 1935 59

Four new tenders were com

the year The tender Hemloc

tender Tamarack to replace t
LIGHT

tender Jasmine to replace th

tender Rhododendron to rep

Five tenders the Oak 

Hibiscus were converted fro

The tender Camaellia was 

propulsion New boilers w

Crocus and Magnolia The 

the tender Palmetto

The following tenders we

tember 19 1934 Clover Ma

tender Larch was authoriz

Emergency Relief Administ

L

At the close of the year lig

and 47 lightships were in co

ships and 5 were in reserv

Lightships No 7i No 76 

and No 102 have been reco

from the Great Lakes to the 

ditioned Lightships No 83 

to the Atlantic coast and r

The lightship stations at l

Reef and North Manitou S

tinned and the vessels repl

is accomplished Lake Huro

ship unattended will be 

Great Lakes others havin

It is probable that lightsh

condemned and sold hiring 

repair

A contract has been awar

ship iVo IN to replace N

1934 on Nantucket Shoals 

Che following lightships 

economical repair No 1 o

1935 No 11 on October 2J 

OPERATION AND CON

FIS

PROGRESS OF CEssELS 

rndrr JaswbieThis ten

was placed in commission in the 

in the inland waters of Louisia

Tmader TamarackSee an

during the fiscal Sear and was 

district for service in the St M

Tcndcr drruloclrSec an

hiring the fiscal year and was 

ditrict embracing the waters 

Telmer iiNododr frrgll Th

and was placed in commission 

is toed on the Columbia River
122 REPORT OF THE S

Lightship No 112 This light

Posey R Jones Corporation Wilmin

30 the vessel was approximately 10 

PROGRESS OF SPECIAL WORKS 

9outh Portland MaineSee ann

ports See also Description of Im

following projects at this depot w

struction of reinforced concrete de

and roadways total cost 46788 c

concrete service and office building 

property total cost 3451 driving 

basin etc total cost 2956 pur

cost 3957 construction of buildin

brick and steel for blacksmith sho

total cost fiscal year 1935 27012

Whalebaek Maine Plced ripra

cost Spring 6576Point Ledge and Portlan

1934 page 110 Project completed 

7Vest Quoddy Head dfaineSee 

pleted Total cost 11577

Southacest harbor Maine 30000

Site has been purchased Cost to Ju

First district Buoys purchased 

Light Stations which were disconti

Chelsea Depot MassSee anim

area between the easterly side of th

of the wharf was graded and Conc

b A steel sheetpiling bulkhead 

across the head of the east slip and 

The timber wharf was also repaire

issued for constructing it sheetpar 

Cape Cod Canal DLassSee ann

Lowers and lighting equipment ha

June 30 1935 8587

Sag Harbo N YSee annual re

Cedar Island and Sag Harbor light 

completed Total cost 12000

Race Bock Little Gull Island Or

N YSee annual report 1934 pag

Dotal cost 30166

8out7uwest Ledge and Falkner Is

111 Riprap installed Project co

Third distriet Iniproved fog sig

engines and air compressors purch

Island and Montauk Point N Y 

Raritan River to Arthur Kill V 

and 2 Installed riprap for found

completed Total cost 20600

Hobucken N CSee annual r

Total cost 24348

Fifth districtOne lighted buoy 

Lightship and a lighted bell buo

Project completed Total cost 560

Cape Henry VaSee annual r

fogsignal testing laboratory built 

purchased Project practically com

Portsmouth Depot VaSee ann

on southern portion of depot have 

piling and concrete decking renew

Dredging completed and work of la

property

63

recently purchased is n

997
LIGHT

Cape Hatteras N CSee annu

obtained and contract awarded fo

Work substantially completed C

Hog Island and Cape Charle

Modern plumbing and improved 

dwellings at each of these statio

Cape Lookout N CModern p

been installed in both dwellings 

Fifth districtAutomatic appa

ing apparatus and improved fog s

Project completed Total cost 61

Chesapeake Bay dPdImprovin

1934 page 111 Project complete

Chesapeake Bap VaImprovin

1934 page 111 Project completed 

Portsmouth Depot VaSee an

modernized and wood and met

equipment and machinery moved 

ect completed Total cost 28850

Sixth districtLighted buoys 

vious reports Project completed 

Charleston S CDepot office 

Project completed See also Des

pageSixth128districtMinor lights ch

flashing electric lights All illum

Installations have been completed 

River Ga Project substantially 

Intracoastal Waterway FlaSe

operated flashing lights have bee

Indian River Cost to June 30 19

Cosgrove Shoal Light FlaSee 

has been erected and the light 

15050Pulaski Shoal Light FlaSee 

way Cost to June 30 1935 1445

31lami Harbor Lights FlaSee 

nine structures have been erected 

Key West Depot FlaSee ann

Total cost 19937

llianzi to Cape Sable FlaSee 

pleted Total cost 12964

Egmont icy Fla Depot See 

pleted Total cost 21

Hillsboro Ball and Pampa Ba

Project completed Total cost 21

New Orleans LaDepot See a

acquired The concrete decked w

been completed Contract has be

house 62 by 112 feet Cost to June 

Galvesto TexDepot storehou

ect completed Total cost 21551

h4ghth districtBuoy in place o

6St elndrear Bag 9aSee ann

tially completed Cost to June 30 

Galzreton Jrttp Tex Se annu

Total cost 26367

Eighth districtImprovements 

page 112 Buoy to replace Timba

rap placed around South Pass W

Cost to June 30 1935 13614

Mobile AlaDepot See annua

tion of Important Work Complete

of building laid Project complete
124 REPORT OF THE 

None Orleans La to Sabine 

port 1934 page 113 Project com

Eighth districtMinor lights 

substantially completed Cost to 

Houston Channel TexSee an

Total cost 9678

SabineNeches Canal TexSee 

pleted Total cost 7421

Righth district Storm damag

ubstantially completed Cost to 

Sabine Pass Outer Range Lig

Project completed Total cost 60

Point Tuna P RA new rein

The place of the old dwelling whic

station was modernized and com

cost 1861

Cape Vincent N YSee annu

feet long was built of interlocki

material and a concrete cap pou

was provided and the boathou

28713Oswego N YSee annual rep

aLSO Description of Important W

superstructure two family keepe

signal and light established P

30 1935 28319

Thirty Mile Point N YSee a

ing and addition to keeper s d

2Fast 1650 Charity Shoal N YSee 

vonerete superstructure and rip

being maintained Castiron tow

Lune 30 1935 93124

Buffalo N YDepot See an

10 feet long consisting of a stone

at the entrance to the depot slip 

cost 21500

Tenth district See annual re

houses and slips were completed 

a contract awarded for a keeps 

30 1935 28

South Buffalo N YSee an

for breakwater extension delive

liou of work by United States 

Cost to June 30 1935 11977

Cleveland and Toledo OinioSe

completed except for radioteleph

and radiobeacon equipment being 

Maunnee Bay Ohio See annu

concrete pier completed Total 

Sodas Harbor and St Lawrenc

113 Foundations constructed a

Third Brother Island Shoal P

nitely postponed Total cost 74

Tenth districtRevision of ai

on west breakwater pierhead 

lighting and fog signal equipmen

rine cable delivered at site and 

Ashtabula Harbors awaiting com

Cost to June 30 1935 46357

Dfosroe MichSee annual rep

cost Almoner 8400Bay OhioSee annu

Total cost 14000

Eleventh districtBuoys to re

and carbon dioxide bell striking 

lished in Saginaw Bay Project 
LIGHTH

Huron Island Mich Electrify m

work accomplished consisted of the 

age equipment making the main 

throughout the living quarters Pr

Duluth Superior Harbor MinnS

substantially completed Cost to J

Grand Marais MinnElectrify 

been purchased and is now being in

Harbor Beach MichSee annu

tially completed Total cost June 

Port Austin Reef blich See a

completed Cost to June 30 1935 

St Clair Flats MichSee annua

lights and for keeper sdwelling nav

and all wood piling purchased a

dwelling being purchased Cost to 

Spectacle Reef MichSee annu

ten interlocking steel sheet piles 

driven Project substantially comp

Sault Ste Marie MichA site w

Sault Ste Marie Mich has been 

steel sheet pile bulkhead along r

portable type metal storage build

completed Cost to June 30 1030 

St Kwlao River MichBeacon

lation of acetylene equipment sub

29769North Manitou Shoal MichSe

Description of Important Works C

from top of crib at water surface 

building and tower erected and lig

installed Project substantially co

Peshtigo Reef 19is See annua

the site September 1i 1034 and by 

main deck level wits finished Cos

Mlimcapolis Shoal 1iehSee 

crib completed living the previou

main 6 foot concrete stab complete

and tower except lantern has be

Grays Reef NichSee annual 

completed and was sunk of the site 

pockets of the crib were filled with 

ballast stone during 1934 At th

stone had been removed and the po

is on hand ready for erection and 

purchased Cost to June 30 193 7

Cahnnet Harbor IllSee annu

Total cost 27153

Coli nt e Harbor 111Breakwat

Steel cylinders for foundations 40

luminating appsnatus pin cliase 

breakwater has been completed C

Manitowoc ITN Sce annual re

cost 27329

Green Bad Chanael UieSee 

for the light structure to marl 

the main concrete slab placed an

30 1935 100 32

South Haven 111chReplace o

of light and fog signal by city e

dwelling Project substantially co

Jlilicaukee 1VisDepot See a

tially completed Cost to June 30 

South For Island llichSec 

tinued light tower at Sapelo Ga 

Island Project substantially com

245163511
126 REPORT OE TH

Indiavw Harbor LedSee a

and forms for the concrete bas

walk the fog signal machinery 

to June 30 1935 30607

Part Washington 117i8See a

the light and fog signal tower 

pleted The electric cables hav

pleted Cost to June 30 1935 7

dtississippi Riser Establish b

ect completed Total cost 1893

Ohio Rlver Establish lights 

report 1934 page 115 Project c

Missouri hirerThirty mari

equipment were purchased Six

above Kansas City Cost to June 

Trce Point Alurka See ann

tion of Important Works Comple

4781

Sentinel Island AlaskaSee 

installed and the station has 

exception of some minor details 

3510

AlaskaEstablish minor auto

Five minor automatic lights on fi

established One additional new 

Cost to June 30 1935 14361

Reconstruct Five Finger Ligh

Plans were Completed during th

signal building including keeps 

were installed for landing const

after completion Machinery and 

and the radiobeacon have been 

weals have been poured Cost to 

Oregon and WashingtonLigh

Project completed Total cost 36

Puget Sownd WaspSee annu

and fog signal station was esta

electric light Peapod Rocks l

reinforced concrete tower const

Project substantially completed 

Cape Flattery WasitSee ann

Total cost 17500

Desdemona Sands OregSee 

pile structure with wood framing 

sheathed with asbestos cement 

was brought to the station by 

operated light and fog signal wa

sets installed in a small power h

fog signal are operated from sho

Project Completed Total cost 5

Seventeenth districtElectrif

page 116 A carbon dioxide ope

mette River light station struct

OregovCoast lights See an

stations were completely electrifie

generating sets for emergency se

Convert oil lights to semiauto

additional minor lights were c

acetylene lights Project subst

Tongue Point Oreg Depot 

completed Total cost 19584

PaoiJio coastRepairs to vario

of Oregon and Washington whic

of 193235 Project completed 
LIGH

Punta Gorda Calif See annu

were graded and surfaced and p

along the right of way were 

31514

San Joaquin River CalifSee 

lights on timber structures and 

completed Total cost 14865

Point Cabrillo CalifPower 

for use of electric current Fog 

power electric motordriven com

500watt electric incandescent w

Total cost 560

California Improve fog sign

Bluff Light Station and San Lu

use of electric current in towers 

to electric incandescent with mot

installed and signals changed to 

11492

Improve light stations See a

in the lower Sacramento River 

completed Total cost 0650

Additional buoys See annual r

Placed in service Project comple

Harbor aids See annual repo

Range Lights and Los Angeles H

constructed Project completed 

HawaiiRepairs to depots an

The following additional work wa

7 miles in length connecting Ka

the Island of Hawaii was cons

paving was laid connecting the en

torial highway two 5 kilowatt 

transmitters were made automa

were wired for electricity and a

the reservation was graded At 

marine railway track were laid 

and a 24 foot wooden boat car 

phone line were installed connect

telephone system on the Island o

tower and service house was sta

for Molokai Point Light Projec

1935 31723

Minor aids and buoys See an

tially completed Cost to June 30 

dwelling

Los Angeles

fence and

Calif

roadways

Depot

hav

S

Cost to June 30 1939 63252

DESCRIPTION OF IMP

South Portland Maine Lightho

trict was formerly located on Litt

from the district office in Portlan

venient being remote from the o

suitable site was purchased at S

provided by enclosing an area w

with material from the dredged c

Coarse stone was then placed over 

concrete shop building 40 by 100 

were extended to the piers and a 

concrete slab to cover the wharf p

roadways were provided

A twostory and basement brick 

bined storehouse and office build

1935 also a cinder concrete black

pleting the present project
128 REPORT OF THE 

CharIcstoa S CDepot office 

lighthouse district has been locat

The building did not adequately m

for modern quarters had been reco

ing was therefore erected on the 

end of Trued Street thus conce

office within the depot area

The building is two stories in h

on the second floor the rooms on 

for the storage of records and o

concrete resting on piles The o

other trim of Indiana limestone 

ter together with some glass pa

beams and floor s as well as 

project was completed on January 

Mobile Ala Depot In order 

quarters for the Lighthouse Dep

necessary to replace the present ol

of fire resistive construction In 1

with earth fill was erected to form 

year three depot buildings were c

are of brick with corrugated asbe

stories 62 by 150 feet

The combined blacksmith and 

in height The acetylene and ke

in height The foundations are c

beams During this year the offic

crete paving has been placed with

fire service and electric wiring 

100 561Oswego N YThis Project wa

and the construction of new east 

The west breakwater pierhead 

with concrete superstructure upon 

lighthouse structure consists of a 

30 foot square steel frame supe

tower also of steel and about 1

house The focal plane of the ligh

The illuminating apparatus is 

power electric lamp interrupted 

The fog signal is a diapbragn 

light and fog signal is obtained th

tor and a compressor operated by 

useA rdiobeacon is to be installed 

on lucid

A site was purchased near the 

twostory brick duplex dwelling 

A site formerly used by the Un

ferrer to the Lighthouse Servic

motor boat was constructed Wo

radiobtvicon The total cast of t

Forth dfailitoat Shoot AlichTh

Idghtshtp No l0 and North Mn

iialrovoa mark for the enter pil

south end of North 1Ianitou Isl

lenanoc coat will be effected Th

in 22 fool of water on a hard s

feet square by 22 feel feel and is 

Ile stone in the 20 outer pockets 

Arch web sQxl sbeet piling driven 

theTheeribcrib suPports a hollow pie

feet above water with deck over

is occupied by the steam heati

Above the pier rises the steel b
LIGHT

mounted by a square tower of th

the tower is a thirdorder lante

The building and tower are con

wide standing vertically with fl

inside Exterior walls of buildin

and lined with Portland cement p

The illuminating apparatus is 

fitted with a 1000watt electric la

candlepower Current is supplied 

storage batteries An unattende

provided for use during the closed 

Two diaphragm horns one facin

simultaneously a characteristic 

duration The radiobeacon is syn

finding purposes

The first story of the steel bui

In the second story is a large l

occupied by kitchen equipment T

Four bedrooms are also located on 

with electric lights and modern 

structed at a total cost of 1526

Tree Point AlaskaA new re

building was constructed at this 

ture The building consists of 

and an attached tower 13 feet squ

design of simple masses suited t

white Medusa cement having a p

daymark The basement contains 

air receivers and hotwater heatin

with the exception of a small offi

modates the storage battery the s

and the third floor is the diaphone 

pleted building is 4751

COAST AND 

REVIE

The volunic of work acco

exceeded that of any other y

This achievement resulted 

priation for the year was s

Administration funds Whe

for 1932 was some 307500

iture a regular appropriatio

ministration allotments of

In carrying on the work 

quality of results was held 

normally characterizes the Bs

accomplished was fully com

This fact is strikingly confir

the years 1929 to 193 5 inc

principal technical operati

devoted

Prii7nr1 re

nydroRraphy 

Year groups

Topo

Snand ral

Soundings ing lines 

oahe Mile

Number Miles fire 

1929 846 51 74451 1726 

1930 780 049 71433 27

1931 782 044 75696 247

1932 7673 7 16f 193

Total 3J5032 293 76 843

1931 1387 02 193 844 44

1934

32520406 110 045 14877

1935 523 749 188 38I 2

33

Total 7 431 12 351 771 3961

This table compares the 

193335 during which eme

the preceding 4 nears when 

regular appropriations C

that whereas funds for th

those for the former the w

greater ratio to that of 193

ratio because there is no c
132 REPORT OP THE 

plishment in such diverse fie

or leveling In a general way 

that the amount of work acco

much as that of 1932

In this conduct of work un

priations and emergency allot

far the greater part of which 

Survey personnel furnished 

financed by emergency allotm

projects undertaken consisted 

authorized by the Congress an

regular appropriations Acco

that for a considerable period 

can be less than would otherw

as a result of this work futu

period can be some 300 0 le

detriment to the public service 

Now that the work has been 

the extent to which it fulfill

undertaken

RELIEF OF UNEMPLOY

This was the primary purpo

which the Bureau has been w

strated that surveying and 

thereto

In seeking the initial allot

proximately 70 percent of th

field surveying projects would 

labor At the close of the p

was 694 percent

The number of persons em

time a special effort having be

ber during the winter month

was about 2350 persons The 

white collar class Sixty pe

The jobs given them were not 

and others of comparable stat

rodmen truck drivers and o

cident to surveying work T

They were encouraged to fee

and necessary work where th

of value for every dollar spe

have been desired as is ampl

told regarding the volume of w

Another contribution to th

from work of this character 

tribution Work was perform

almost entirely in the rural 

ence of the parties which th

and the 15 to 13 percent of t
COAST A

to operating expenses were 

they provided a material st

The remaining 12 to 15 

voted to purchase or rental 

istrative expenses

PUBLIC V

The money spent was d

I Surveys to modernize nau

Extension of control survey

8 Tidal magnetic and seisg

4 Office processing of data re

u flaps for the guidance of 

1 Fringing the Atlantic 

border is a system of natur

linked together almost con

nels These waters suppor

local products to centers o

the sea food industry for 

pleasure purposes The g

resulted in their extensive 

appropriations and when 

are finished yesels having 

ceed all the way from Dela

watchce Bav to Corpus Ch

of 0 feet will be availabie w

of the route

The existing charts of th

principally on surveys made 

are obsolete in manv respec

the millions of dolfars whic

the waterways only if thos

For the past several rears t

fonds be provided for this 

Administration funds prov

their use while the entire 

trating on the through rout

cient field surveys have bee

can be produced Numero

local surveys were made n

and the nortli shore of Lo

surveys ivere made around 

fornia The newly improv

Sacramento and San Joa

Important and difficult w

carried on to assure greate

stormy weather follows th

Use of emergency funds 

surveying vessels made it 

tion throughout the year e

Along the Atlantic and Pa

sels were employed on rev
134 REPORT OF THE S

necessitated by the recent dev

based on echo sounding In A

the first survey of the Aleutia

2 For more than half a cen

a small way in spreading its ne

tion and leveling over the con

are of value to every kind of e

rate knowledge of distances d

surface Their principal Fede

accuracy and reduce the cost o

the United States In 1025 Co

authorized completion of the 

map within 20 years Unfort

legislation has had little practi

increased appropriations requir

Under Public Works Administ

veys was largely expanded T

plated by the Temple Act na

United States would be more th

marked point whose geogr

plihmen

aphi

within sight of accoms

tially completed and about 2 y

rato will complete the basic ho

3 Small sums were devoted 

work The tidal work consisted 

where the data obtained were n

of marine engineering work

One magnetic field party was 

uring the direction and strength 

acquiring information needed b

in their use of the magnetic com

tions of iagnetic observatory 

A small allotment supporte

project in earthquake investiga

the safety of life and property 

large buildings dams bridge

will be subjected when close t

The work involved measureme

the ground and the response o

stresses which reached them 

are expected to furnish data w

tects to design at reasonable 

stresses which may be expected 

have been designed and insta

stand ready for the occurrenc

record the ground motions wh

are being used to measure the c

For this purpose it is not neces

tions produced by the wind b

plosives and by other artificia

The project must be continued 

sured value can be expected b
COAST 

largely to the servicing of 

pected that with some no

continued without necessit

generous ones heretofore m

4 The field operations h

raw materials These raw 

ington office and there pas

public can get any benefit f

into the charts maps an

product of the Bureau sw

doing the field work to w

is devoted

This office work necessa

in general little progress 

field work has been comple

The projects as origina

essing It was so planned 

off early in the spring of 1

pleted by the end of the f

hausted However on req

both to increase the volume 

dent thereto and to contin

the end of the fiscal ye

terminated for lack of fund

of raw material to be proce

Application has been ma

this work but to date app

such approval is not given 

veys will have been wasted 

regular appropriations can

within a reasonable time 

thousands of dollars will ha

to the public

S The airplane pilot like 

him on his journey The 

Secretary of Commerce the 

task was delegated to the Co

The first work undertake

extending from one impo

of aviation however result

of miscellaneous cross coun

parent that the principal 

ITnited States Production 

1929

In the spring of 1934 th

project for completing the 

approved in October 1934

If the standard topogra

available it would have bee

ciry to compile maps from 

flicting information and th

tain value that the Bureau 
136 REPORT OF THE S

life by accepting it Therefo

compiled in the office it was t

plane and the observer compar

with those shown on the map 

corrected It should be emph

standard topographic map has 

net attain to the quality which 

At the end of the fiscal year 

piled and all but 2 within the 

and 8 along the Canadian borde

out of a total of 87 had been 

remainder will be published ear

IMPROVEMEN

The efforts of the Bureau to 

of its opera tious through the 

and equipment were continued 

The shallowwater fathome

meter under development by t

report was installed on two sur

ent in the development of a de

they arose during actual field 

quite satisfactorily in depths 

Echo sounding instruments pre

effective in reducing the costs 

account of limitations of accu

greater than about 90 feet Th

will at least double the outpu

extensive areas where lesser de

Experimental work on the ve

in radio acoustic ranging dev

hydrographic surveying was 

Guide off the coast of southern 

and Lydozia off the Atlantic c

Echosounding and radioac

inestimable benefit to the Bure

charts making it practicable f

graphic surveys especially in o

detail now required for modern 

The report of this Bureau fo

tion of a proposed 9 lens cam

creasing the accuracy and efficie

camera is now under construc

near future

A ruling machine was design

curacy in the construction of t

survey sheets and charts tyin

soundings and related chartin

formerly

a

possible Projections 

irphoto reductions on alumin

graphic compilations and on c
COAST AN

Improvements to accelero

quake motion producing rec

pret have made It possible 

intensity A vibration meter 

buildings and various other 

elevated tanks were measur

ing these instruments were d

In terrestrial magnetism t

by which the desired observ

lished form at least cost T

opment of new instruments 

ones

A new offset press a vacu

fer of negative work to the p

ment were added during the 

A number of improvemen

veloped in the shops of the 

of the Division and other off

accomplished a great amoun

maintenance of instruments 

emergency work of the Bu

Notable among the improv

1 The adaptation of com

bearings in the vertical axes 

With a small amount of adde

cision they furnish a lowfr

as great a precision as any he

of being reasonably free fr

changes of viscosity of the 

2 A permanent and precise 

for precision theodolites and 

ing stand and a set of 5 colli

ing basement

3 A change in the design 

easy and quick adjustment o

pencil without the use of t

4 The construction of two 

ity apparatus containing a 

support of the pendulum to 

consequently of the constant 

lum from its support at eac

COOPERATION 

Extensive cooperation pro

maintained with a large n

agencies in this country and 

he was the usual coop

ical Surrey in the extension 

its needs for control in areas 

For the Corps of Enginee

was extended along the Atc
133 REFORT OE THE 

flood control work and at nu

extensive coordinating coasta

Army Engineer districts Th

tion and adjustment of the de

the Mississippi River which i

neers being assisted by additi

At the request of the Unit

triangulation was extended 

Minnesota and lines of seco

areas in New Mexico and A

nished the Fore6 Service for 

of the forest reservation nort

received for the latitudes an

towers in the West

Vessels operating off the V

check distance finding from 

phone signal on Chesapeake L

also made of Frying Pan Sho

to Hatteras Inlet for the Ligh

channels and their stability f

Hydrographic surveys we

and advance copies of the d

the Gulf coast were furnishe

culture

For the purpose of condu

contracts in connection with t

be allocated as to speed this 

Department by measuring a

nautical mile in length off So

Range beacons marking the 

Delta in the vicinity of Burr

dyrapher and an officer was 

in conducting the tests

Tideprediction data were 

France Canada and India 

on a cooperative basis by th

stations by the United State

IIole Oceanographic Institut

of the University of Washin

One of the cooperative p

Service and the Bureau of 

triangulation of an accuracy 

adjacent to Boulder Dam a

determining through repeat 

deformation in the clam sstr

water load which will result 

At the request of the Te

spacing of the triangulation 

jurisdiction was expedited a

completed promptly Bxten

were also furnished to a con

agencies engaged in recovery 
COAST A

Additional lines of levels 

California with bench mar

at the request of the comm

of Washington Cooperatio

opment and testing of ins

standards the interloan of 

ducing results which otherw

At the Bureau smagnetic o

tricity observations are thus 

the latter through cooperat

Telephone Co At Chelte

at the request of Carnegie I

Interpretation of the scie

to terrestrial magnetism w

be carried very far with the 

is in part filled by studies 

Standards Naval Research 

division of terrestrial mag

Washington and others in 

the Carnegie Institution of 

magnetism Part of the la

of the Institution in Englan

In seismology cooperative 

effective Collaborators inc

National Bureau of Standa

various Jesuit intitntions 

tions and individuals Va

tests of buildings and othe

Department and the Procure

Without interfering with 

ated with the Geological Soc

to determine the depth of 

continental shelf The subm

where survey vessels were o

ments The work was unde

Lehigh University under a 

by an officer of his Bureau 

problems involved The ref

prospecting for oil was ado

seismographs on the sea b

was in progress a successful 

data could be obtained at se

tinuing future program by t

MISCE

There were received in the 

and 793 topographic sheets 

Other additions were 109 

Engineers 4518 maps 356

tory records 138 negatives 

books and 4150 periodicals
140 REPORT OF THE 

A total of 3582 employees 

1935 shown in the table follo

2024 in 1935

I Includes 40 civilian employees on duty at th

Faffiomer paid by the Pbalppine insular gov

The regular appropriations 

were supplemented by allotm

Facilities 1935 300 0 f

1935 and 1489 800from N

In addition to these sums ther

on account of Air Navigatio

year 1934

Collections on account of th

lications deposited in the Tr

miscellaneous receipts totale

621 50 during the preceding y

Disbursements during the ye

082 64 distributed among the 

Pay and allowances commissioned 

Party expenses 1934 

Repairs of vessels19

General expenses 

Pay officers and men vessels 19

Air navigation facilities1

Pay and allowances commissioned 

Salaries19

Party expenses 1935 

Repairs of vessels15

General expenses 1935 

Pay officers and glen vessels 1

Air navigation facilities 1935 

National Industrial Recovery 193

Public Works Administration 19

Chicago World sFair Centennial 

Second polar year program Stat

partment 1932

California Pacific International Ex

Stairs stoned COm cris

Regular appropriations Washington office

Field service 15614 

Totn1 170 

Public Works funds

Washington office

Field service 

Total 

Grand total fetal 170 

I Includes 40 civilian employees on duty at th

Faffiomer paid by the Pbalppine insular gov

The regular appropriations 

were supplemented by allotm

Facilities 1935 300 0 f

1935 and 1489 800from N

In addition to these sums ther

on account of Air Navigatio

year 1934

Collections on account of th

lications deposited in the Tr

miscellaneous receipts totale

621 50 during the preceding y

Disbursements during the ye

082 64 distributed among the 

Pay and allowances commissioned 

Party expenses 1934 

Repairs of vessels19

General expenses 

Pay officers and men vessels 19

Air navigation facilities1

Pay and allowances commissioned 

Salaries19

Party expenses 1935 

Repairs of vessels15

General expenses 1935 

Pay officers and glen vessels 1

Air navigation facilities 1935 

National Industrial Recovery 193

Public Works Administration 19

Chicago World sFair Centennial 

Second polar year program Stat

partment 1932

California Pacific International Ex
COAST AN

With modern surveys supp

mation required for ships of 

knowledge of the changes w

our coasts there was a stead

of nautical charts Sixteen 

year malting a total of 766 

various scales now issued A 

published during this 12 mon

The gradual increase in th

illustrated by the following 

certain years It may be no

iess than the maximum annu

which at that time was thou

Average Prescar annual issue 

Maximum issue resulting from W

Minimum postwar issue 1923 

Minimum issue during depression 

Issued during 1935 

The Survey has endeavored 

at the same time make chan

fnlness to the maritime pub

the year include

Track lines for full powered s

Elie Pacific coast

Isogonic lines in purple on ce

More distinctive marsh areas o

blue tint for water areas sho

new arrangement showing 

Scale divisions changed to the 

division

As the surveys of our coa

been carried on almost conti

product uses of importance 

ords and previous surveys fo

with respect to the location 

depths and the like

Every safety aid whethe

or sea expedites progress an

2 years in the number of the 

indicates their value to air 

Great strides were made 

of this series of specialized 

United States issued in 87 

available the initial flight 

pleted and during the year 

of existing charts section a

making 41 of the 87 require

The constantly accumula

beacons radio ranges or a

changes wrought by man a

mariner are of practical va

The reliability of any chart 

vised editions are issued wh

245163512
142 IMPORT OF THE 

Nautical and aeronautical 

ber used in the preceding y

charts and related publicatio

Item 

Nautical charts l

Coast and route pilots 

Tide and current tables 

Tidal current charts 

Aeronautical charts 

Including Manila office

HYDROGRAP

All the hydrographic and 

cluding the collection of da

ways Pilots is done under t

drography and Topography

Two large seagoing vesse

two tenders the Gilbert and 

along the Atlantic coast Off 

and two tenders the Faris a

During the progress of this 

probably former river course

4helf were discovered and a

ubarine m topographic featu

definite means of positronfin

ogist with data of value in 

discovered last season indent

coast was traced during the p

of the shelf to a depth of 

au apparent change of that 

relative elevation of sea level 

Entirely new surveys were 

areas of the intracoastal wa

coasts from New York to C

larger scale charts is now in 

not reduce the regular appr

during a normal year It s

relief funds of work sorely 

charts previously beyond the 

priations I cdlrteen hare pa

the year

On the Pacific coast two v

on offshore surveys along th

accomplished inshore work a

offlying islands and one par

the detection of pinnacle rock

coast The Guide also made s

of San Francisco I ity The 

tions in the Puget Sound are

accuracy over the Seattle me

In Alaska and in the Phili

tions were allotted for field s
COAST A

locality souvd

j mg 

Mscoverer with several te

tian Islands to the westw

started in 1934 as the beg

survey of that chain In 

was continued in a decom

government steamer FatJao

coast of Luzon Island and 

surveys of the former are

Palawan coast require seve

veys are the only areas rem

the entire Philippine Arch

offshore work also remains 

Sulu Sea north of the Inte

United States Coast Pil

which furnish reliable info

shown on charts are revis

examinations were made d

of United States Coast Pil

to Key West United States 

Rio Grande and the Intra

Key West and Key West t

The work done by the D

during the year ended June 

Hydrography top

Bar Harbor to Penobscot flay Mitts 

Total

314

5887 

74

179

14628 

18

649

419

22

615

1286 

1275

17225 

764

14503 

3 K 

7

348

1059

906

388
144 REPORT OF THE S

Many of the topographic su

tographs These serve admira

of nautical charts and are a

projects for which preliminar

sary Requests often come fr

of these maps before the orig

reproduction

Eight compilation parties 

various cities along the Atlant

southern California were eng

1935

Under the emergency allotm

phototopography was accomp

present fiscal year and 6049 s

done in highly developed regi

shore of Long Island Sound 

over the intricate waterways a

representing the highest type 

graphic work by the old groun

All these survey projects fo

rigidly controlled by an intensi

of triangulation aside from th

of the country Basic contro

greater part of the Atlantic 

Maine to Corpus Christi Tex 

the greater part of the Puget 

permanently monumented this 

veys for many years to come

G

Horizontal and vertical con

tion and leveling and related 

putations and adjustments nec

ographic activities are extende

the supervision of the Division 

All but a small portion of 

to the extension of the contro

toward the goal where eventu

more than about 12 miles from 

marl

Through the use of emergen

propriation 76 leveling instru

in daily operation resulting in 

triangulation and over 124 000 

These amounts exceed by more 

previous year which up to tha

like period in the Bureau sh

triangulation net was compose

leveling net comprised 253 000 

The control surveys are the f

charting They furnish basic 

directions needed for nautical 
COAST 

the Coast and Geodetic S

pend upon one or more cla

for data evidence the grow

surveyors for accurate geo

In extending triangulat

cated computations and a

on the basis of the curved 

on local projects are no

spherical coordinates a

has been overcome by de

State treating a State ar

While a single surface can 

as six surfaces are emplo

adjusted geographic positio

have been transformed in

ducing the spherical coo

public use

Baseline measurements 

depending on the characte

triangle sides at intervals 

the distances between statio

A base is measured with 

of the length is seldom gre

of an inch per mile This 

cost is needed in order th

sides may be of high orde

ficient of expansion are 

National Bureau of Standa

The astronomical work c

or true azimuths referred t

of arcs of triangulation A

the right or left even thoug

greatest precision possible 

directions and add to the 

At some of the stations 

azimuth latitude observat

little added cost and the l

valuable information for u

the earth

A party was in continuou

of Cuba to furnish the va

at scientific laboratories an

regarding buried geologica

in cooperation with the Am

lantic Refining Co of Cub

The variation of latitude 

burg Md were in continuo

of stations established aro

39 operated with a vie

latitude The results are es

investigations at most of the 

The observations at Ukiah 
146 REPORT OF THE SE

those at Gaithersburg have been 

period between 1916 32

The following table shows 

Geodesy during the year ended 

Geodetic triangulation base lanes 

and grav

Length 

Locality of Are

scheme 

TRIANGULATION FIRST URDRR 

Miles S9 

akefield to Alexandria Minn 150 1 

itkin to Roosevelt Minn 190 19

Arana to Belleville III 55 

opeka Kans to Blair Nebr 60 

otomae River Md and Va 50 

besapeake Bay Md 100 10

ohanuesburg to Bridgeport 

Calif Owens Valley 80 15

anna Wyoto Opheim Mont 185 314

CUUmm MtoOykoff Mina 360 48

ma to Maiinette Wis 220 2 

ayward Wis to Princeton 

Minn 115 13

t Paul Minn to Ladysmith 

Wis 125 12

Velhngton to Sweetwater Tez 160 1 

Sweetwater to Brackettville 

Tex 210 21

iluir Nebr to Adrian Minn 140 1 

Vhtte Water to Hardin Mont 2130 39

Tustin Nov to Caldwell 

Idaho 300 7 

risheld to Elkton Aid 190 15

ielena to Missoula Mont 145 2 

dined N Dak to Presho I 

S DOk 3001 36

ottomvood S lank to SLwtts 

bluff Nebr 150 15

lencho N Max to Simon 

Tex 140 14

Iarles N Dak to Chamber 

III S Dak 355 35

3alinu Vlah to Grand Canyon 

Ariz 240 0

Iolumbia River Wash and 

Oreg 90 13

ri7hite Sulphur Springs MOn0 

to Belfield N Dak 330 4

Hopkinsville Ky to Wash 

billion Ind 135 18

Yaw Freedom to Scranton Pa 

Susquehanna River ISO 24

Wee lenuey Fla to C olumbns 

Oa and Satilla River spur 280 27

Boulder Dam Nev to Grand 

Canyon Ariz Colorado 

River 180 54

Ada Okla to Abilene Kans 200 32

Hartford Ark to Pittsburg 

Kim 170 25

Abilene Kans to Columbus 

Nebr 160 1 

Havana ZIl to White Creek 

Wis 225 23

Columbus Nebr to Sioux

Falls S Dak 155 

5

Hawthorn to Sulphur Nev 190 32

King Hill to Kimarna Idaho 70 1 

Martinsburg W Va to New 

vine Pa 

Danville to Brooksville Fy tl5 

Franklin to Parks Nebr 150 1 

Towanda Pa to Syracuse N 

y

85 

Fairmont to Reedee N Dak 290 43

McCracken Kans to Cordell 

Okla 270 27

Hobert Okla to Cisco Tex 130 1 

Clsrn to Hondo Tex 200 1 20
COAST A

Geodetic t9iangaalation Lase li

and gravit

Length 

Locality of 

scheme 

TRIANGULATION SECOND 

ORDEReantmned

La Fayette Ga to Union Dfiles 

City Term 240 

Greenville Fla to Hartwell 

Ga 260 

Delaware River New Jersey 

and Delaware boundary 10 

Superior National Forest 

Minn 100 

Chancellor Tex to Clayton 

N Ale 360 

Saver City Oa to at as 

Ville S C 200 

Huntington W Va to Pen

mngton Gap Va 140 

BeattyVillC KY t0 Roanoke 

Vfl

50 

Reddell to NaPoleonvllle La 140 

Cbappells to OhmlCS S Q

150 

Lowndes ile S C 1 Gas 

team N C 110 

Americus Go to Monticello 

Fla 110 

Sahuarita Ariz to Pratt N 

Mex 105 

Osceola to Bueksport S C 130 

Texhoma to Thurston Tex 400 

Allendale S C to Odum Ga 90 

Total 335 

I

TRAVERSE FIRST ORDER 

Aftaml to Estero Fla 76 8

BASE LI E5 FIRST ORDER 

Edina MO 5

Chandlerville III 60 

Amigo Wis 6 5 

Hayward Wis 48 

Shooks Minn 52 

Aberdeen S Dak Z S 

CrNDak 89 

Huff Fl Dak 5 

Lenapah Okla GB 

Locality First I order 

LEVELING Vfll 

Alabama 177 

Arizona 573

Arkansas 197 

California 1226 

Colorado 300 

Connectkut LD 

Delaware 29 

Florida 226 

Georgia 226 

Idaho 290 

Illinois 66 

Iowandiana 25261 

Kunas 142 

KevtuckY 196 

I

as 

Alne Mmivsi 

Maryland 94 

Massachusetts 

Michigan i SU3 

Mlnnesokl 

Micsisslppi 242 

Missouri 243 

Montana 176 

Nebraska 65 
148 REPORT OF THE S

Geodetic triangulation base lines 

and gravity ob

The office computations and 

and 51 arcs of second and 

pleted during the year with c

and 25 arcs of second and th

Computations were made of 15 

A field party in New York Cit

leveling and plane coordinate 

About 300 separate lines of 

during the year and informatio

tions of bench marks for 445 lin

neers and surveyors

The personnel detailed to th

Engineers United States Arm

publication containing the res

Mississippi River between Me

Results of the triangulation bet

were issued during the year

Number of deterre

nations 

Locality Astronomical 

G

Lon i

tude Azi tude Lade moth 

ASTRONOMICAL AND 

GRAVITY DETERMniA 

TIONS 

Arkansas 1 1 1 

Connecticut

Cuba

Florida 14 14 14 

Georgia 7 7 7 

Illinois 2 2 2 

Indiana 2 2 2 

Iowa 3 3 3 

Kentucky 1 2 2 

Louisiana I 1 

Maryland 1 1 

Massachusetts 

Minnesota 1 1 1 

MimesiPPi 5 5 5

Missouri 1 1 1 

Montana 

Activity Stations Miles 

SUMMARY 

TrianFulatiom 

First orde 1413 

Secoodorder 335 

Traverse firstorder 7

8 

Baselines first order 1

Reconnaissance 

Firstorder tmugula 

ton 18075

Second

lation

order triangu

5164

The office computations and 

and 51 arcs of second and 

pleted during the year with c

and 25 arcs of second and th

Computations were made of 15 

A field party in New York Cit

leveling and plane coordinate 

About 300 separate lines of 

during the year and informatio

tions of bench marks for 445 lin

neers and surveyors

The personnel detailed to th

Engineers United States Arm

publication containing the res

Mississippi River between Me

Results of the triangulation bet

were issued during the year
COAST A

The manual of plane co

the printer during the yea

angulation in Missouri T

traverse in Louisiana and A

Rhode Island Connecticut 

ida and Arkansas Others 

printer

TIDE

The Division of Tides a

tidal observations conduct

observations made in conne

lated and reduced The ex

resulted in a large increase 

stations were received for r

planes

Thirtyfour primary tide 

21 on the Atlantic coast 3 

2 in Alaska and 1 in the H

conducted on a cooperative 

ton and Southport N C 

Mobile Ala racy Depart

Portsmouth N H Portsm

Diego Calif Woods Hole 

Mass Harbor Departmen

of the Territory of Hawai

The data obtained at thes

tions at 433 secondary statio

out the rear and the others 

included cooperative station

den Wash University o

Biological Research Burea

tary District Bladensburg 

Monica Calif Portland C

port of Willipa Bay Ray

In the interests of navig

current surveys are conduct

cise tidal information is la

a relatively new developme

which have enoruiously in

During the year such a su

coast The special current 

and waterways to make av

movement essential to na

Bureau is the recognized a

ous requests for such surve

ing the year the waterways 

the harbors of San Diego 

current surveys This Bur

Service also began a compr

San Pedro Channel
1 REPORT OF THE S

In addition to their utilizat

tide and current data obtained 

the public in tide and current 

Tide tables are issued annua

formation as to the times and 

quired by modern commerce w

exacting schedules For conv

are published in two volumes o

for the Pacific and Indian oc

dictions of the high and low 

ports of the world together w

some 3900 other places Thro

national exchanges of predictio

with England 21 stations Ge

Canada 5 stations and India 

Current tables are also issue

mation relative to the currents 

his ship The Current Tables 

include daily predictions for 

approach St Johns River en

making a total of 16 stations 

given Through the use of 

predictions are also obtained f

rent Tables Pacific Coast give 

important waterways on our 

pine Islands together with da

500 other stations

The results of current survey

of a new set of tidal current ch

Sounds and a revised edition 

To supply the engineer wi

planes along our coast copies 

the tidal bench marks are pre

During the year such informa

of Oregon

TERRESTR

The Division of Terrestrial 

the magnetic survey of the U

available primarily for the u

secondarily for the land surv

other problems

Continuous photographic re

magnetism were made at the m

P R 1926 at Cheltenham 

near IIonolulu Hawaii 1902 

dates in parentheses indicate t

observatory began In this 

notable contribution to the stu

made With recent repairs a

ments the observatories are n

able additions to our sum of k
COAST AN

Field work was devoted 

stations to determine the ch

the interval of about 5 years 

needed for bringing up to 1

6000 stations all over the co

maps for that year Furthe

repeat stations at triangulat

try which should be more 

use than those near cities and 

To provide reference point

were established at numerou

not been made previously a

had ceased to be available es

Continued cooperation with 

secured results of mutual b

local authorities how Federa

On the initiative of a Ne

plan was formed for coopera

compass testing stations at 

devices as the radiocompass a

gation still have to refer to 

control The directional gyro 

magnetic compass and the 

itself on board an airplane 

a bearing it must be referred 

the radio becomes useless in 

then the antenna is grounde

lightning With this in mi

permit astronomical and m

at the principal airports T

gineer to test the airplane c

insure greater accuracy in na

proper corrections to the co

navigation

The channel ranges in nav

for navigators of seagoing v

lowing the channels Such o

made by astronomic methods 

many places along the ricer 

leston and Georgetown S C 

netic bearings of the ranges 

tions were also included in the 

in progress during the year

The distribution of the m

year is shown in the followin
152 REPORT OF THE 

Cheltenham has been desig

for international comparison

the base station for standard

With the cooperation of the 

the Carnegie Institution of 

that institution was installed 

zontal intensity instrument fo

the cosmic ray committee of t

a cosmic ray apparatus insta

the observatory personnel 

character of days is now supp

the daily broadcast of cosmi

the auspices of the Internati

At the Tucson observatory 

pheric electricity and of earth 

year through the cooperatio

ington and the Mountain Sta

The demand for informati

tions of the Bureau is grow

the public in various forms o

tical charts and by corresp

constantly for assistance in 

veys Fo the southeastern q

and Nevada the information 

of magnetic declination by 

these were prepared issued o

of them are in mimeographe

available data

The observatory results ar

the study of radio transmiss

earth smagnetic field from 

the use of magnetic methods 

ore and other minerals

Complete Observe 

Runs oberva at re Ronastaat 

peat sta other Lluse 

State

lions 

ao 

Alaska 2 34 

Arizona 1 I 

OIforma 2 I 16 

Coloralo 1 3 

Florida 37 

rleo0g a 4 4 10 

Ilawah I 

Idaho 1 1 3 

Ilinms 1 1 

Indo na 2 

Kansas 3 2 

Kentucky 2 1 1 

Maryland 2 1 1 3 

Massachusetts G 

Michrgan Minnesota 3

1

Montana 6 6 

Cheltenham has been desig

for international comparison

the base station for standard

With the cooperation of the 

the Carnegie Institution of 

that institution was installed 

zontal intensity instrument fo

the cosmic ray committee of t

a cosmic ray apparatus insta

the observatory personnel 

character of days is now supp

the daily broadcast of cosmi

the auspices of the Internati

At the Tucson observatory 

pheric electricity and of earth 

year through the cooperatio

ington and the Mountain Sta

The demand for informati

tions of the Bureau is grow

the public in various forms o

tical charts and by corresp

constantly for assistance in 

veys Fo the southeastern q

and Nevada the information 

of magnetic declination by 

these were prepared issued o

of them are in mimeographe

available data

The observatory results ar

the study of radio transmiss

earth smagnetic field from 

the use of magnetic methods 

ore and other minerals
COAST AND 

Information is made availa

sible and the observatory res

nine covering 2 years for an 

the 192728 series had been i

put in final form and a good 

Preparation for publication o

was well advanced

SE

The work in seismology is 

without regard to locality w

Government agency

Earthquakes can be neithe

are only two ways in which th

man One is to predict so as 

to find out how the damage ca

be kept to a minimum

Little progress has been m

making several contributions 

value may eventually be usef

tion of earthquake statistics 

the other is the measurement 

sity of California operated 

Japanese experience indicates 

Closely related to prediction 

quake

crest

regions which permits 

The collection and publicat

possible through cooperation 

the operation of 8 seismogra

tively the interpretation of 

sembling and publication of 

earthquakes The stations at 

Alaska and Ukiah Calif a

Columbia S C Chicago Il

are cooperative Plans were 

tion at College near Fairban

early in the nest fiscal Year 

epicenters was made possible 

tions Science Service and 

Complete earthquake informa

Better results though still 

field of prevention of damag

it is necessary to have an ear

tiveness of the preventive me

The work of the Bureau 

principally in California not 

because it affords a convenie

better chance of immediate 

activities going on there which 

and finally because the Gov

to the large sums of Federal fu

as the great dams including 
154 REPORT OF THE 

The work has for its pur

motions and includes the m

placement periods and dura

tors which account for destr

the ground and in various p

tures It was found that m

tion can be obtained without 

ments developed in this Bur

the periods of buildings e

of the ground itself In ad

University a building vibra

and amount of energy of the 

Fifty strong motion instr

fornia 1 in Panama and 1 e

Washington for use if there 

west or east These reser

periods for determination of 

large explosions the Bureau 

Twentyfive strong motio

quakes 8 in California and 

analyzed in such a way as to 

Vibration observations we

water tanks 1 completed a

pavement sites at 2 places 

and on several structures o

ments were in most cases nor

constructed vibrating machi

2 dams 1 bridge and on 1 g

Special cooperative work 

at the National Bureau of S

magnification seismographs 

information Cooperation a

active seismological stations 

Most of the information c

publication on earthquakes 

work done in strong motion 

giving results in this field w

instrumental reports are iss

California earthquakes and 

motion records
BUREAU OF NAVI

IN

The following tables and i

particular and general interes

Navigation and Steamboat In

30 1935

Some remarks of a special 

work of the Bureau are also 

of Life at Sea

AMERICAN SH

On June 30 1935 the mer

cluding all kinds of docume

14653 76 gross tons as com

gross tons on June 30 1934 

were 3873 vessels of 4569 124 

trade as compared with 3842 

30 1934 Following is an an

tonnage compared with a yea

Onne Imddole

Wnier 

Pnvate nl ehi net trn onrl

over Ju 1 1934 4 F5 

July 1 1935

U S Shipp VEId llilleau

Ju7Y 1 1934 Z

IUb 

y 1 1936 lU 

Total 193 

Total 193 lH1

Of these totals3

in the foreign trade and 21046 

coasting trade

Since June 1 1921 when ou

its greatest volume 11077 398 

decline until June 30 1935 it 

a falling off of 6508 274 gros

trade tonnage is due principa

which belonged to the Shippin

to coasting trade because of gre
156 REPORT OF THE 

Since June 1 1921 the c

trade on the Great Lakes h

During the year 748 vess

documented and on July 1 

tract to build in our shipyar

2092 gross tons The co

vessels of 6649 gross tons 

under contract to build

Only 1 steel steam vessel o

the fiscal year 1935 this ve

and licensed for the coasting 

LAI

On June 30 1935 the l

aggregated 2 vessels of 

vessels of312538 gross ton

Details of the world slaid

vessels by size service and p

construction may be found i

a publication prepared by t

SAFETY 

The disasters to the steams

were intensively studied by 

tUs lying behind these disas

It has Been determined th

similar disasters will depend 

Bureau has jurisdiction and 

tion and the design and c

three great fundamentals inv

To accomplish this end it 

ity of the Bureau be extende

fuuds to properly administe

greatly augmented as at the 

personnel underpaid

Modifications to the existi

have been made during the 

are embodied in Supplement

ulations go as far as possib

limits of the present law

The Bureau has prepared 

tions in regard to new legisl

to the congressional committ

Unfortunately the entire 

before the adjournment of C

position of the Bureau were 

A An act extending the 

vessels

B An act controlling di

C An act placing unde

vessels carrying dangerous c

D An act limiting the l
BUREAU OF NAVIGAT

The remainder of the pr

of time but there is every i

gress the entire project wi

Bureau will be in a posit

fundamentals above mentio

zation of the Bureau increa

cal Division in the Bureau 

investigate accidents and d

tain adjustments in workin

that will tend toward effi

equitable treatment of its e

During the year the routin

and a system of thorough 

which greatly adds to the 

sels Studies have been co

fire resisting construction 

aged condition Of course 

desirable speed owing to lac

Every effort has been ma

to the requirements of the i

of this has occurred after 

known that certain inform

of the steamship Dixie has 

formation was not availab

informed that the same p

operations

The work of the Bureas

inspections greatly increas

eration with the small moto

all to the end that the ope

cated in safety matters T

of annual accidents and ex

TEC

The Technical Division 

presently operated passeng

of life at sea

Thus far a number of te

ing subdivision and stab

Recommendations have be

reports indicating the stru

necessary to bring America

safety standards

SHIPP

During the year 554 88 

charged before our shippin

the year before The aver

23 cents an increase of 1 c

Collectors of customs act

offices have not been establ

245163613
158 REPORT OF THE SE

year 25595 officers and men a

year Of the 253 13 men shipped b

were native Americans and 451

223 in all or 806 percent

In addition to these numbers 

in the foreign trade for the rou

appear before our shipping co

included in the above figures

The following table shows th

shipping service for the past 16 

The shipping commissioner 

which voluminous laws for th

of American seamen are effec

may be taken of the seaman 

responsibilities his contract of 

ping commissioners and where 

cause of the nature of the v

provisions are explained to him 

Any disputes which may aris

before the shipping commissi

without delay Under the law 

is final as to the facts

For the benefit of depende

allotment notes payable to suc

as earned In case of death o

taken care of by the shipping 

This is a beneficent service 

of the laws which Congress ha

ADMEASURE

Collectors reports indicate 

700 54 gross tons were admea

60 of approximately 27000 g

9512 gross tons built in Phil

being small vesels

As in the previous year th

tonnage of merchant vessels 

such as Coast Guard cutters l

Seamen 

shipped Avera

Year Shipped re Salaries cost 

and ma

chardharged e 

1910 628 980 89949 01

1921 650 84 99646 

1922 541 952 92318 

1923 538 755 94476 

1924 555 633 94476 

1925 553 124 123 76 

1926 534 493 1238 

1927 1 561 0 122 398 

The shipping commissioner 

which voluminous laws for th

of American seamen are effec

may be taken of the seaman 

responsibilities his contract of 

ping commissioners and where 

cause of the nature of the v

provisions are explained to him 

Any disputes which may aris

before the shipping commissi

without delay Under the law 

is final as to the facts

For the benefit of depende

allotment notes payable to suc

as earned In case of death o

taken care of by the shipping 

This is a beneficent service 

of the laws which Congress ha

ADMEASURE

Collectors reports indicate 

700 54 gross tons were admea

60 of approximately 27000 g

9512 gross tons built in Phil

being small vesels

As in the previous year th

tonnage of merchant vessels 

such as Coast Guard cutters l
BUREAU OF NAVIGAT

Readmeasured under the p

the tonnage of which was 

472 7 tons net to 759 618 to

The total number of inspe

1418 of which 840 were 

ber of violations discovered 

During the year 50 loadlin

were issued and 37 cn for

which loadline certificates w

numbered 920

PASSE

This enforcement of this 

customhouses has affected 92

sengers The purpose of the 

conditions food separation 

NAVIG

During the year the Bure

navigation fees and naviga

ably in excess of the cost 

table below shows these coll

Tune 30 

1935 

1934 

1917 

AD

The general work of the s

and merchant seamen veste

proceeded along regularly e

administration of the naviga

ering documentation inspe

examination and licensing o

lifeboat men Ship Mortga

movement of vessels welfar

adjudication of penalties co

compilation of Federal stati

carried on

In the enforcement of th

movement of vessels in the 

during regattas and marine 

Coast Guard which operate

rules and regulations of the 
160 REPORT OF THE 

During the year 7493 viola

sidered in connection with the 

ties incurred The following 

laws by customs districts and 

Headquarters port

Total

a

Bala

Baltimore

Boston

263 7 20

130 17 3

Bridgeport

Buffalo

132 3 7

63 1 5

Charleston 84 2 5

Chicago 10 

Duluth

Cleveland 108 2 2

Detroit 382 25

Duluth 6 

Galveston 117 2 7

nonolulu 96 10 3

Indianapolis 1 

Juneau 40 1 

LosAngeles 215 9 9

Louisville 17 3 1

Memphis 5 

Mobile

Milwaukee 3 

218 24 14

New Orleans

ork

750 6 47

New Yark1721 195 

Norfolk 901 34 25

Ogdensburg 9 2 

Pembina 

Philadelphia 134 8 1

Pittsburgh 6 

PortArrthur Au 49 1

Portland Maine 55 3 1

Portland Cre 1 4

providence 13 

Rochesterester 733 1 6

St Louis 4 St Louis 12 

SanAntonio 76 2 6

San Diego 33 I 1

San Francisco 305 7 14

San Juan 95 1

Savannah 192 1 10

Seattle 243 42 3

Tampa 1274 R 89

Wilmington 93 2 1

Total 7 253 4525 

The following table shows 

ported to the Department by 

service engaged in the enforce

Headquarters port Total Dry den Bala 

Baltimore 263 191 

Boston 130 

Bridgeport 132 

Buffalo 63 

Charleston 84 2 

Chicago 10 

Cleveland 108 

Detroit 382 

Duluth fi 

Galveston 117 52 
BUREAU OF NAVIGA

ON 

Headquarters port Total Dry den Eels 

Honoluln 96 

Indianapolis I

None

Juneau 40 

Los Angeles 215 

ie

Memphis 53 

Milwaukee 3 

Mobile 218 150 

New Orleans 750 608 

New York 1721 

Norfolk 401 262 

Ogdensburg 9 

Pembina 2 

Pitthla 134

Pittsburgh 6 

FortPort 49 25

Portland Maine 55 

PortlandO 83 

Providence enco 3 

Rochesterester 73 

St Albans 4 

SGLouis 12 

San Antonio 76 

SanDiego 33 

San Francisco 305 

San Jn 25 

Savannahah 192 

Seattle 393 

Tampa mpa 1274 13 

Wilmington 43 14 

Total 7493 I 898 974 

HULLS AND 

MISCELLA

Steam vessels I Gov 

granted s ment er 

Ld inspection oval of approval es 

district port sets 

None Gross spect 

her tonnage ad 

San Francisco Calif 

Honolulu Hawan 8 

Us Angeles Calif 

Portland Oreg 

New York N Y 4 

Alban3 IY 1 21 

New Raven Conn 

Philadephla Pa 

Norfolk Va 4 

Baltimore hid 

Charleston S C 2 

Jacksonville Fla 

Savannah Ga 

St Louis Me 

Dubuque Iowa 1 

Boston Moss 4 

New London Conn 

Portland Maine 2

Ay

Eva Ind 

Memphis Tenn 

Nashville Tenn 

Pittsburgh Pa 

Cincinnati Ohio 
162 REPORT OF THE 

RE

Local Inspection

district port vessels Steam Me Yes sell for Barges etc 

San Francisco Calif 142 103 1 

Honolulu Hawaii 24 10 

Los Angeles Calif 16 9 

Portland Ong 12 15 

New York N Y 861 190 2 

Albany M Y 34 28 

New Haven Cuun 12 57 

Philadelphia Pa 171 109 

Norfolk Va 70 13 3 

Baltimore Md 65 12 

Charleston S C 34 

Jacksonville Fla 22 108 

Savannah Ca 18 9 

St Louis Me 6 

Dubuque Iowa 2 

Boston Mass 110 3 

Bangor Maine 6 4 4 

New ILOndon Conn S 25 

Portland Maine 46 3 

Providence R I 43 6 

Louisville f9 3 

Memphis Term 3 

Pittsburgh Pa 4 

Cincinnati Ohio 23 

Point Pleasant W

1 Via 9 
BUREAU OF NAVIGATI

mW

G

a

E

Nzc

m

w

W

0

F0

w

m

F

W

m

r

z

F

Ww

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CUMH

1WV

R

6

w

F

W

z

z

a

WN

W

U

w

A

aR

w

Rm

z0

U

a

z

H

0

mW

6

UWF

U

0

3

F

z

ow999 

a R

Evw

F0

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gy oo 

z

A

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U

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164 REPORT OF THE S

E 4

I

igNrylt

2 

6

oQ I

gi

a

oO 

a

eq za I 

a

II

z 

mA

p

nN 

a 

a Mewo

Oo a 

o A8

3s 

oor

aySa

a

a d

m

klm a4 
BUREAU OF NAVIGAT

CERTIFICATES 

Vessels from which certificates 

Vessels refused certificates of in

Domestic steam ves

Domestic vessels propelled b

Tota

CARGO VESSELS EXAMINED T

During the year ended Ju

amined to carry persons in a

the act of Congress approved 

LIFESAVING APPA

Rind 

New corkring life buoys 

New lifeboats 

New life rafts 

Now wood dusts 

Now boat davits 

NEW LIFE 

Rind 

Block

Balsa block

cork

Tule

Kopek 

Total 1935

Total1934 

Decrease 

WORK PERFORMED BY 

Vessels inclined 

Reinspections of vesse

Boilers inspected

Steel riveted plates 

Iron riveted plates 

Pi 

Total 

Boilers found defective

Gave way under hydrostatic 

Pi

Steel riveted plat

Total 
166 REPORT OF THE 

Steam and motor vess

Boilers found defectiveContinue

Defective from other causes

Steel riveted plate

Iron riveted plates 

Pipe 

Total

Boilers condned em from further us

Defects in boilers and attachments

Sheets

He

Steam and mud drums 

Flues and tubes 

Steam pipes 

Staybolts

Braces 

Otherparts 

Total 

MARINEBO

Plates 

Inspected by assistant

iuspostor at Tensile Surfam 

strength defect 

Chicago III 1

Cleveland Ohio gI

CoatesvillePa 1 it 

Philadelphia Pa 

PittsburnhPa 

Total 1935 3 13 

Dotal1984 3 2 

Increase or decrease ll 

STATISTICS CONCE

OFFIC

Steam and motor vess

Local district Mates

9 0

Ban Francisco Calif 381 253 43 4 

Honolulu Hawaii 27 14 4 

Los

Portlnnd

Angeles

Dreg

Calif 128

65

86

17 15

2 5

I

New York N Y 1027 527 42 81 

Albany N Y 55 2 12 37 

New Haven Conn 29 9 2 3 

Philadelphia Pa 149 154 8 25 

NorfolkVa 123 33 4 26 

Baltimore Md 201 81 5 28 

Charleston SC 24 10 1 9 

facksonville Fla 76 56 10 

3avannah Go 21 is 2 2 

3t Louis Mo 30 2 19 21 

Dubuque Iowa It 0 4 

Boston Mass 205 177 4 16 

Bangor Maino 36 25 I 

4ew London Conn LI 15 4 3 

Portland Maine 50 61 1 3 
BUREAU OF NAVIGAT

STATISTICS CONCERNI

OFFICERS 

RESULTS OF A

Licenses suspende

Licenses revoked 

Licenses refused 

Licenses canceled 

Violations of the law

Cases investigate

Cases dismisse

Cases reported to district atto

Number of appeals from decis

Decisions of local boards rever

Decisions of local boards modi

Decisions of local boards susta

EXAMINATION

During the year ended June 

licenses and for renewals of 

fects 57 of whom were found 

and were rejected and 6012 

previous year these figures s

examined and of 980 in the nu

Steam and motor 

Local district Mates d 

lawW r 

Providenes R I 44 9 

LouisvillO KY

Evansville

19 18 6 

Ind li 5 

Memphis Tenn 12 9 

iYashvflle Tenn 6 7 

Pittsburgh Pa 32 17 

Cfucinnati Ohio 20 16 

Point

Va

Pleasant W

8 9 

Detroit Mich 68 10 

Chicago 111 30 9 

h

Dulut rand v

18 

Haveenn n Mich 25 I 

Ylarquette Mich 12 1 

Milwaukee Wis 52 3 

Port FIuron Mich 43 

710veland Ohio 65 7 I 

Banal N Y 71 4 

swego N Y 15 1 2 

Coledo Ohio

Sew

16 1 

Orleans La 176 85 15 

doble Alai 168 fi 

an

310 

Juan PR 16 8 

Cam Pa Fla 20 12 

leattleSSnsfi IsI 10 30 

ioquiam Nash 12 8 3 

unenu Alaskn 21 11 4 

I Mmbsel Alaska 2 

Total 1935 3824 1902 314 6

Otal 1934 3653 1773 912 7

ncreass or de

crease 171 129 98 4

RESULTS OF A

Licenses suspende

Licenses revoked 

Licenses refused 

Licenses canceled 

Violations of the law

Cases investigate

Cases dismisse

Cases reported to district atto

Number of appeals from decis

Decisions of local boards rever

Decisions of local boards modi

Decisions of local boards susta

EXAMINATION

During the year ended June 

licenses and for renewals of 

fects 57 of whom were found 

and were rejected and 6012 

previous year these figures s

examined and of 980 in the nu
168 REPORT OF THE 

CERTIFICATES OF SERVICE ISSUE

L

Local lnspeetoT5 of

Applies Applies C

Issued by threats tious te 

San Francisco

calved jerted 

INSPECTION DI9

03 

TRICT 

San Francisco

328 125 

Calif

507 10 

IIonolulu Howaii 186 14 

Los Angeles CaliL 413 64 

Portlnnd Oreg 84 15 

New York N Y 743 30 

New Haven Conn 11 1 

Philadelphia Pa 315 19 

NorfolkVa 325 10 

Baltimore Md 456 101 

Charleston S C 45 7 

Jacksonville Fla 168 9 

Savannah Ga 71 

Boston Mass 332 20 

Bangor Maine 25 

New London

22 

Conn

29 

Portland Maine 49 5 

Providence R I 

136 13 

Detroit Mich 137 30 

Chica D

Dulut Minn

75 5 

68

8

98 3 

L

Local lnspeetoT5 of 

vessels 

San Francisco 

Calif 03 

IIonolulu He 

Loswail Angeles 328 125 

CaliL 439 304 

Portland Oreg 34 

New York N Y 192 

Albany N Y 12 

New Haven 

Conn 1 

Philadelphia 

Pa 60 

Norfolk rolk 60 

Baltimore Md 308 

Charleston S C 5 

496 1 

Savannah SGa 55 

Boston Mass 426 

Bangor Maioe 22 

Now London 

Conn 54 

Moira 

ProvidenceeeRL 234 

Detromviit Mich Detroit Mich 68

8

Chicago Il7 5 

Grand Iinv

Mich 

Milwaukee 7 

Port IIUroleWisD

Mich 7 

Cleveland Ohio 68 

Buffalo N Y 7 

Toledo Ohio 7 

New Orleans La 253 3 

Galveston Tea

Mob Ala 2752 18 

Sa Juan P 2 

Tampa Fla 11 

Seattle Wash 502 32 

Hoquiam We 16 1 
BUREAU OF NAVIGATI

PASS

During the fiscal year 27

sels that are required by la

carried Dividing this numbe

lost shows that1423 257 pas

During the year 844 lives w

saving appliances required by 
170 REPORT OF THE 

F

U

W

Q

Ox1

0

U

U

GO

U

a

M

F

0

W

m

m

0

0a

wW

M

a

W

IWpm 

z

A y

A U I

w

aim I 

a e

I

A

ah

CJ Wq mq Gm

yy 4gv4

iioaqvy 

gamW7iqNMZ

F

U

W

Q

Ox1

0

U

U

GO

U

a

M

F

0

W

m

m

0

0a

wW

M

a
BUREAU OF NAVIGAT

The total number of live

crew was 350 an increase 

lives lost 146 were from s

causes beyond the power of 

204 chargeable to Such accid

ACCIDENTS R

The total number of accid

year was 51

The following disasters re

On September 8 1934 th

coast of New Jersey As a 

their lives 89 of whom were 

crew The Morro Castle a 

from Habana to New York

On the evening of Jan

Mohawk of 5896 gross ton

Norwegian motor ship Tali

Girt Lighthouse The Moh

of 14 passengers and 31 mem

Steam vessels 

Bar

Motor vessels 

Total 

VALUE 

By explosion or accidental escape 

By wreck or founder 

By collision 

By fire 

By snags 

From miscellaneous ca

Total 

NAVIGATI

There are over three hund

ating on the waters of the 

lives of the millions of pe

craft certain laws have be

is charged with the enforce

pose operates a small fleet o

five vessels at the start of th

tional seagoing vessel at th

was assigned to work in Ne

patrolled in recent years as 

The fines and penalties co

selfsustaining Through th

with the cooperation of m

associations etc a reasona

tained 01 the 7493 viola
172 REPORT OF THE 

year4290 were reported by th

of work done by these vessels 

number of inspections during 

25500

The following is a compa

navigation laws 193035

Port 1

Baltimore 

Boston 

Bridgeport 

Buffalo 

Charlesto 

Chicago 

Cleveland 

Detroit 

Duluth 

Galveston 

Honolulu 

Indianapolis 

Juneau 

Los Angeles 

Lcustville 

Memphis 

Milwaukee 

Mobile 

New Orleans 

New York 

Nogales 

NorUk 

Ogdensburg 

Pembina 

Philade1phia 

Pittsburgh 

Port Arthur

PortlandMaine 

Portland Oreg 

Providence 

Rochester 

St Albans 

St Lou s

St real 

San Antonio 

San Diego 

San Francisco 

San Juan 

Savannah 

Seattle 

Tampa 

Wilmington 

r

Total 

PREVENTION OF OVERCR

Under the law the certifica

number of passengers they m

taking on of passengers in e

reau employs approximately 4

and when the limit is reac

going on board

During the year 637104 

were so counted The followi
BUREAU OF NAVIGATIO

On 168 occasions it becam

additional passengers from go

of 148 382 passengers In 19

passengers carried

The following table shows t

Port Navigation 

Counts Posegers 

Baltimore Bostonridgeport Buffalo Cleveland Chicago Detroit Duluth

Indianapolis Galveston Louisville Mobile

New York

Norfolk Fhiladelphla Portland Maine Portland Oreg

Providence

Rochester

Saneattle Miscellaneous Francisco

2193

13133145 19

114i6

322 1044966271

945 802

323 1319 796 381 423 2376

1049 1695

88515 I31641509 19348 3575 049

Total

Total

1934

1935 5051225 2146819 43

65

On 168 occasions it becam

additional passengers from go

of 148 382 passengers In 19

passengers carried

The following table shows t

245103C14

July 1934 Au

Port

Counts Passev gers

Coun

Baltimore Boston Cleveland Chicago Detroit

New York

Norfolk

Rochester

Seattle ise

256

27

2

I

41630 5800

14400 600931

2000

1

Total Total 193444 I

1361 29 

245103C14

PAT

VOLU

It is natural and inevitab

intimate relation with indust

and trustworthy barometer o

the experiences of the last 

turbance in the United Sta

Patent Office a record of its 

example the effects of the 

are chronicled in the statist

the depression just now pa

reveal its trend In 1929 a

had reached its peak the n

trade marks filed in the Offi

1930 was 114 790 Then fo

locations which have continu

business of this Office reflec

1933 the total of application

of 32 percent in the interva

the fiscal year 1933 Durin

halted The volume of new 

that of the preceding year

With faith in this barom

unfailingly recorded the co

industrial storms there can 

approach of fair weather 

tually all the activities of t

the previous year A grea

more letters were received 

number of deeds of assignm

demands for certified copies 

A grand total of 81248 ap

with 79690 in the preceding 

2 percent New application

56832 exceeding by 737 th

There was a slight decrease 

marks that is a drop from 

15617 this year This reces

sation in the activity surro

than offset by a heavy inc

cf applications for design 

were 3811 such application

In the autumn of 1933 th

a separate unit of the Office 
176 REPORT OF THE S

a division concerned with mec

sion is now rendering to indu

earnings have fully justified th

S

For the second year in succes

its income The receipts from 

penditures totaled 4153 591 21 

penditures was therefore 11284

From 1923 to 1933 both inc

exceeded receipts by amounts 

827 342

CONDITIO

Along with an increase in t

the Office there has been a ga

cases It is gratifying to be 

Office has been brought more 

many years The work of a

The work of the Design Divi

sidered current

In the report of this Office f

endeavor of the Patent Office 

condition that patent applica

acted upon within 60 days U

period in which work is at 

present it was pointed out 

tained The effort then urge

of the 65 examining divisions 

ical patents are now within 

within 3 months and all are 

is it now necessary for inven

action on their cases

In the course of the year the 

ing actions was reduced from 

considerable gain has not be

of an application from the s

awaiting amendment sinc

of has greatly exceeded the a

year There was final dispo

their issuance as patents or 

ventory of June 3o 1935 repo

or 6241 fewer than there were 

CLASSIFIC

In the annual reports of th

years there was emphasized t

ents both for the sake of the 

Although lacking appropriat

task was undertaken during t

way notwithstanding lack of 

teen examiners and 25 clerics 
PA

course of the year classes 35 

Classes 138 and 222 were a

prised in them have been re

patents were transferred fro

created in class 74 Some 

classes 45 and 99 and 40 

class 88

The assignment of addit

funds for the Classification 

prediction that further prog

be achieved during the fisca

CHANGES IN 

Since the last annual rep

been made in the Rules of P

the procedure and shortenin

an interference and its final 

terference Rules was promu

21 1934 and order 3290 ef

sign of obviating delays cau

ence Division jurisdiction 

restored to the Primary Exa

Rule 111 was so amended 

inary statements to inspect

ferred until after the dispo

motions to amend This ch

the motions which a party 

cause appeared hopeless and 

of opposition proceedings

Rule 107 was changed to 

ference by filing in writing 

amendment to rule 116 the 

corded to the senior party 

in his favor whenever an i

under rule 122 without an a

THE PATENT OF

The modifications of the R

going paragra hs are the 

the Patent Office Advisory 

merce appointed in July 1

investigations for the last 2 

tions Iooking to the improv

cient operation of the Paten

The membership of the c

Its original number was 8

Notwithstanding that mo

from Washington and must 

its meetings they have neve

on 52 days Their earnestn

the benefit of numerous cons
178 REPORT OF THE 

The present personnel of the 

Boston Mass Chairman W

Baily Brown Pittsburgh P

Franklin F Hardy Pittsbur

Herman H Lind Cleveland 

Justin W Macklin Clevelan

N Y Harold C Smith Chi

N Y Augustus B Stough

Washington D C and John 

REALLOCATION 

Some 270 junior examiners 

to 0 years have been reallocate

additional compensation No

increase of salary since March 

uates in law as well as in som

This recognition of the claims 

investment in behalf of bette

examining corps

SPE

As the several divisions hav

work the need for advancing 

grown less imperative The O

the year its practice of exped

upon a showing that the issu

investment of idle capital and 

RATIFICATION 

The revisions of the Internat

Industrial Property made in 

the United States Senate an

proclamation of the Presiden

In the following appendix 

information regarding the var
AP

S

Applications received durin

With fees

Applications for patents for i

Applications for patents for d

Applications for reissues of p

Applications for registration o

Applications for registration o

Total with few 

Without fees

Applications for inventions a

Applications for reissue act M

Applications for reissue rule 

Total witnout fees 

Grand total 

Applications for p

Year ended June 30 

1926 86

1927 8

5

1928 8

4

1929 8

0

1930 9

4

Applications for patents including 

Year ended June 30 

1926 1

03 

e 1927 1

78 

1928 1

84

1929 11

49

1930 1

56

Patent appl

June 30 

1926 47

1927 6

1928 10

57

1929 10

23

1930 11

59

Including applications in which fe

Includes 2101 applications for ren
180 REPORT OF THE 

Patents withh

Patents granted and trade 

Statement of receipts and earn

Unearned balance at close of busin

Collections during fiscal year ende

Total 

Refundments 

Net collections 

Earnings

Inventions

Extra claims

first fees 

Reissues 

Designs 

Design extensions 

Trade marks 

Labels and prints 

Total 

Final

Extra

fees

claims

Total 

Appeals 

Oppositions 

Disclaimers 

Revivals

Tot

Printed copies etc

Photostats Photoprints

Certified Manuscriptrinted copies etc

Recording articles of incor

Recording International trama

Registration

Tot

of attorneys

Drawings

Assignments

Total earnings

Unearned balance June 319

Net receipts

LettersPatent

Plant patents

Design patents

Reissue Patents

TrademarJs

Labels 

Prints 

Total 

Statement of receipts and earn

Unearned balance at close of busin

Collections during fiscal year ende

Total 

Refundments 

Net collections 

Earnings

Inventions

Extra claims

first fees 

Reissues 

Designs 

Design extensions 

Trade marks 

Labels and prints 

Total 

Final

Extra

fees

claims

Total 

Appeals 

Oppositions 

Disclaimers 

Revivals

Tot

Printed copies etc

Photostats Photoprints

Certified Manuscriptrinted copies etc

Recording articles of incor

Recording International trama

Registration

Tot

of attorneys

Drawings

Assignments

Total earnings

Unearned balance June 319

Net receipts
PAT

Expenditures fisc

i

Salaries

Public use of inventions and defend

Photolithographing

Current issue black and w

Current issue color

Reproduc

Photographic print

Photostat suppli

Total

Printing and binding

Specificat

Index

OfficialGaze

Total

Miscellaneous

Furniture and filing cas

Contingent expenses including libr

Total

Receipts 

Receipts from all sources 

Expenditures 

Surplus 

Receipts from sale of Official Ga

Superintendent of Documents 

Cmarae

June 30 

1926 

1927 

1928 

1929 

1930 

1931 

1932 

1933 

1934 

1935 

I This does not include the amount received 

and other publications

Comparative statement of expe

Appropriation 

Salaries 

Public use ofnventions etc 

Photolithogrephing 

Printing and binding 

Miscellaneous printing and bindinB 

Furnire and filing cases 

Contingent expenses including library stuck 

Total 
182 REPORT OF THE 

Patent Ierferencesdec

Interferences disposed of bef

Interferences disposed of afte

Interferences awaiting d

Trade mark

Interferences declared 

Oppositions ins

Cancellations ins

Interferences disposed of bef

Interferences disposed of afte

Interferences awaiting d

Before the Board of Appeals

Appeals in ex parte ca

Interlocutory app

Appeals

Prior

in interference cases

Motions 

Petitions to Commissioner

Ex parts appeals disposed of 

Appeals in interference cases 

Priorities

Moti

Ex parts cases awaiting act

Interference cases awaiting a

Priorities

Moti

Petitions disposed of

Ex parts 

Interpar

Notices of appeals to U S Cou

Appeals

In ex parte cases including 

In inter partes ca

In trademarkopp

In trademark cancelations 

In design appli

To Supreme Court D C in equ

Oldest ex parts case awaiting 

Oldest interference case awa

To the Commissioner

Appeals in trademark inte

Appeals in trademark op

Appeals in trademark ca

Appeals in ex parte tradema

Interlocutory app

Petitions to Commissioner

Expa

Interpa

Cases disposed of by Commission

Appeals in trademark inte

Appeals in trademark op

Appeals in trademark can

Appeals in ex parts trade m

Interlocutory app

Petitions disposed of

Ex parts 

Interpar

Notices of appeals to U S Cou

Appeals

In ex parte cases including 

In inter partes ca

In trademarkopp

In trademark cancelations 

In design appli

To Supreme Court D C in equ
PA

OTHER DETAILS OF B

As to the volume of business the 

tions for patents reissues and de

applications for renewal of trade

applications 186 833 amendments 

design applications and 15838 

applications

The number of letters constitut

and indexed was 417 500 In add

mation

The number of printed copies of 

Patents were shipped to foreign go

libraries The total number of 

including those for Office use and 

The Office received for record 38

The drafting division made 658 

drawings on request of inventor

and 14890 letters answered

Typewritten copies of2686 500 

words The Office certified to 17

miscellaneous certified copies Th

of manuscript pages 37279 photo

publications and foreign patents 

54 certified manuscript copies and 

ments without charge 31526 pho

of the Patent Office 1547 photos

and 120 photostats for Office use 

and disclaimers for official use In 

copies

UNITED STATES S

GENER

This Bureau is charged with 

the American merchant marin

in interstate and foreign comm

Corporation with the admin

the operation of Government 

the Government slaidup flee

During the fiscal year ende

Bureau sprincipal activities w

of the Director of the Bureau 

of Loans and Sales Division 

Research Division of Traffic 

The work of the Merchant Fl

the direction of the board of 

poration in the offices of th

treasurer and in the Division 

surance The secretary gene

similar functions for the Ship

Likelihood that the enactm

sitate revision of the present 

about fundamental changes in 

merchant marine has naturall

ties during the fiscal year Pe

small loans were made from 

period No oceanmail contra

Department and no requests 

and frequency of sailings of 

routes were received from the 

Improved administrative s

shipowners was achieved by 

System of joint accounts whe

over disbursements from ocea

proved results From the co

maintained approximately 450

loans and ship sales notes i

total collections from debtor 

is obvious that the improved 

the Government swork if an

or modify any of the present 

During the year the Burea

uing study of marine insura

in the operation of ships I
186 REPORT OF THE 

amount of marine insuranc

Bureau recently completed 

market domestic or foreig

their insurance This surv

sels including tankers of

of 511 982 000 showed tha

were covered by selfinsura

tributed between domestic 

surveys show that a large p

abroad they also disclose t

American market has produ

During the year there wa

tivities under the regulato

Commerce over the rates 

carriers operating in interst

to handling a growing doc

and passing upon an incre

agreements the Bureau co

investigations two of whic

to the lawfulness of charges 

intercoastal trade the other 

to be employed by certain 

American overseas shipping 

issuance of departmental or

investigations will go far 

reasonable practices in both 

In furtherance of the na

owned merchant ships and 

Corporation has continued 

three ships were sold and 

survey of the laidup fleet w

of the vessels from the sta

vessels comprising the fleet 

condition to warrant their 

or charter 132 were found 

of national emergency whi

mercial or military use to ju

will greatly facilitate depa

ceived for any of the Goves

Laying the groundwork 

maining services which ar

count the Merchant Fleet 

tion recommended that thre

is expected that the propos

simpler and more efficient 

in the direction of further 

fiscal year 1936

During the year the Bure

Committee to Investigate A

Postmaster General and the 

ping Policy in their respe

merchant marine These i

abuses had developed under 
UNITED STATES S

the Merchant Marine Act of 1

stituting a system of direct ai

and oceanmall contracts

On March 4 1935 the Presi

called attention to the undesi

under the system of indirect s

ment of legislation which shou

system of direct aids Ident

Marine Act 1935 were intr

Representatives on April 15 1

enacting a new subsidy law

Realizing that any change i

preparation of extensive data f

mail contracts the Bureau ha

statements showing in detail 

awarded the financial benefits 

holders the amounts due over 

and the debit or credit status 

with the Government of each 

rhis and other collateral mate

prove of value in the highly i

subsidy system to another

It is frequently said that s

the effects of a worldwide de

cover During the fiscal year 

istered moderate gains somew

the aggregate sufficiently impr

stantial gains in the future 

exchange and tariff barriers 

continue to hamper the movem

Facing an improved busines

one outstanding concernthe 

vessels It is a fact above dis

ment ships at market values or 

on liberal terms and the paym

subsidies during the past 7 yea

moded and noncompetitive me

maritime nations The probl

of the cargo liner type must b

merchant

essential trade

marine

routes

is to hold

The

an

B

subsidy legislation provides the 

replacements can be brought a

the gains made since the war i

mercial fleet in the foreign tra

During the fiscal year a de

the construction with the aid o

vessel of the HanhattanWas

highly competitive transatlant

vessels named and to replace 

cause of obsolescence The co

utilized because of the urgent 

the new form of construction a
188 REPORT OF TH

In the following pages 

fiscal year 1935 of the vario

Board Bureau and Mercha

OFFIC

The Director administers 

approved by the Secretar

finance regulation and ins

capacity and aid in the exp

these heads

DIVISION 

The work of this Division 

ining applications for loan

submitting recommendation

Bureau following up outst

applications for new loans 

Governmentowned mercha

ment of Commerce and ev

transferred to the Merchan

evolving a method for dete

between domestic and foreig

tion fund developing data 

of designs of various classe

a reduced scale the functio

Committee

Construction loan fundF

tion loan fund to June 30 1

to aid in financing the con

version remodeling and re

total 147 93 62 41the f

prior to June 30 1935 Loa

9984180

The financial operations 

fund as of June 30 1935 ar

Cash and appropriation balanc

Deposits

last annual

To

during

report

fiscal year 1935 

Advances on loans during fiscal 

Cash and appropriation b

Distribution of total fund June 

Loans

Total amount advanced 

tion of fund to June 

Total repayments of lo

Outstanding loans June 30 

Advances to Diesel fun

Cash and appropriation bal

Total construction lo
UNITED STATE

Formal applications forlo

Steamship Corporation Lo

the reconditioning of the ste

zation of which was given o

135 40 respectively

Preliminary appbicati ovs

tain preliminary applicatio

fund were received during 

was fallen Applicants wer

advisable to hold applicatio

before Congress provndmg 

merchant marine Prelimin

Waterman Steamship C

1934 application was made 

sion and reconditioning of 

company sfleet

American South African 

1935 application was made 

struction of a 14snot comb

American Scantic Line I

cation was made for loans 

reconditioning of the steam

characteristics to be selected 

Under date of May 29 19

in financing the reconditio

Ivpe vessels of the American 

Mississippi Shipping Co 

cation was made for loans 

reconditioning of the steam

been renamed Delmar and D

Preparator to the subm

loam to aid nn financing th

tion passenger and cargo ve

under date of May 15 195

tions The companv was n

design data would have to b

The U i cd States Lines C

1935 the United States Line

with the Department that t

because of obsolescence and 

be constructed a new vesel 

run with those vessels in the 

was to have been constructe

under new legislation and i

session of the Seventy four

cable to the construction loa

gress not having enacted n

ment hns been reached wit

construction loan will be gr

struction of the new vessel 

1935 This vessel while of 

Washington will have inco

compartmentation througho

3576 2 75
190 REPORT OF THE S

tion at both light and loaded d

to recently developed principle

the minimization of slip vibra

SbipbuiWvg cost differenti

data on this subject in connect

Division evolved a method for 

of accuracy the difference in 

and foreign shipyards

Diescli zation program Dur

ommended expenditures from 

cost of investigating and corre

installed on certain of the 23 

under control of the Departm

verted from steam to Diesel p

volved was conducted in coope

the immediate supervision of th

chant Fleet Corporation

Of the original fund of 20

program a total of 23665 000 

for the entire Diesel program h

unexpended balance of 144680

year

Standardized types of ships

Division in cooperation with 

develop basic data and plans f

various commercial trades an

event of national emergency

American Marine Standard

American Marine Standards C

Division Activities in conne

fined to issuing publications 

previously developed and appr

DIVISION 

This Division continued to h

tory provisions of the Shipping 

1920 and the Intercoastal Sh

with the lawfulness of rates an

maintenance of files of tariffs e

riers subject to the provisions o

Formal docketActivities w

creased materially during the 

were filed and one investigatio

motion Fifteen investigations 

1916 17 investigation and su

posed changes in rates rules a

Intercoastal Shipping Act 19

22 of the Shipping Act 1916 w

13 complaint cases 2 proceedin

ceedings and 15 investiration 

posed of There remain still 

heard but not decided and 48 c
UNITED STATES 

Two important cases were 

fiscal year one dealing with 

commerce

Formal Docket 128 an inve

chant Marine Act 1920 deals 

able to shipping in the fore

methods and practices emplo

masters of vessels of foreign 

rules and regulations under a

Marine Act 1920 to adjust 

found to exist A proposed re

containing tentative rules and 

Department was served on ca

On July 12 1935 the Secret

report based on the report of 

riers by water in the foreign t

30 days of the effective date 

United States to foreign coun

A proceeding in docket 120 

determine the lawfuhtess of 

common carriers by water in 

concerning classification of ve

and resulting rate differences 

thereof on rates the receipt h

erty at terminals within port 

ill connection with common 

charms therefor the publica

dered the performance of tra

nection therewith under priva

tion of charges of other carrie

other practices On April 29 

retary of Commerce its report 

gation and on July 3 1935 

effective the Bureau sprincip

In an investigation Lssenn

IS Shipping Board Bureau 

the practice of carriers at 

alxnlbling and di tribi ting 

discharged from ce was 

ated the important principle 

by common carriers by water 

the shipper may deliver hi 

and the point at destination w

Informal docketOn its i

to compose through correspo

ences between shippers carr

charges and practices Fort 

the fiscal year and 10 were aw

Speeial docket Applicatio

complaints on the formal do

charged is admitted and the c

shipments desire to make re

past shipments These applic
192 1110i ror nnc 

to axoid the pos ibiIity of w

shippers Daring the fisca

rpzesting authority to make 

standing undercharges were 

ranted

Iyrrements section 

period 1431 new agreement

agreements between carriers 

Act 1916 were approved 

withdrawn and the agreeme

proper fore for cuusiderat

these agreement include a

dealing with the establishm

the pooling of revenues O

of traffic Such agreements 

tributing to rate stability a

TariffsDuring the yea

changes in rates aiid fares 

with statutory requiremeu s 

failure to give statutory uo

rules and reulatirns gover

were made the subject of 

preseribccl tariff rules Cha

prof in 32 instances an

posed changes and institutin

Special permission applica

rates or fares oil less than 

tariff rules totaled 167 of w

The increase in the numb

part to increases made by ca

for the purpose of maintai

established by water carriers 

state

decision

Commerce

in Docket

Commissio

115 Enge

C 4 In line with the es

Interstate Commerce Com

carriers subject to the jurisd

snbjeet to the jurisdiction o

sion to maintain the parity 

DIVISION O

The Division continued to 

relating to the transportatio

passenger traffic of the Uni

the United tates the trad

its possessions the owner

istics of vessels of all natio

and to the operating costs o

to arrive at the differentials 

American and foreign reg

transportation problems wer

by various governmental ag
UNITED STATES 

The records of the Divisio

ended June 30 1935 3706 v

pated in the waterborne fore

about 42500 entrances and 

mately 66 million tons of c

158 United States ports and 

The permanent records of 

ing to the waterborne comme

14 years 192134 covering 

Mates ports 448 ports in o

ports making a total of 3737 

ommodities were transporte

of

1

the United State The 

125 000 cargo tons valu

During the fiscal year the D

copies of which were issued 

tions transportation compa

and other institutions The 

ports 42 of which were for 

and 34 for other Governmen

compilations were prepared 

transportation companies p

institutions

The records of the Division 

from over 90000 individual 

ton and vessel owners oper

r9a39

During the year the Divisi

remaining five services being 

exercised supervision over the 

operators of these lines and a

with respect to traffic agreem

contact with foreign compet

an improvement m voyage 

owned services

The Division has supplied 

from analyses of cargo and c

tions in specific services It 

departments and private indiv

passsvtgcr rates steamship ser

with respect to Antericanfla

tive of the Division have con

lines and have taken part in 

The Division helped to con

onned services in the North A

these ser ice be consolidated 

of operation

IJJPfdu rnttatA new 

volvirn the movement of ap

cotton to United hate ports 

and for transshipment via Liv

ican ships was concluded wi

ment of t1w commodity is from 
194 SEPORT 01 PILE 

Boston but under existing tra

extend this agreement to inc

Norfolk Va and Charleston 

Tobacco Ilhistrative of t

American ships was a movem

secured in cooperation with 

benefit of an Ameri anflag l

Diecon tinuancr of liquor q

posed on importations of win

import duties on these comm

from abroad Notwithstand

tinued during the year the v

has not shown the increase th

Poo7iug t greetnenf eAfte

sentatives of the Division to

conference lines which oper

Atlantic ports to ports in the 

into a lawing agreement eff

that this agreement which re

promote stability and improv

ships employed in the trade

Nextbound pooling ttgrcen

The various pooling agreem

conference lines serving Un

Antwerp Rotterdam and Bre

December 31 1935 by the wit

faction with respect to the pe

is advanced is the reason fo

negotiations Fill soon be ope

and the formation of other p

SECTION OF 

During the year the coope

conducted jointly by the Dep

of War as required by sectio

was continued by employees 

The following port studies w

Port series no 9 Charlest

Port series no 22 The Pa

Port series no 24 The Po

Miscellaneous series no 1 

ports 19 edition 19

The 101101ving reports Iv

Government Printing Office

Port series no 6 Part 1 G

Port series no 6 Part 2 H

Port series no 6 Part 3 

Port 1935series no 10 Savann

Port series no 16 Norfo

Va revised 1934

Port series no 17 Ports o

Port series no 19 Gulfpo

Port series no 21 The Po

Transportation series no 3 
UNITI DSTATES 

The section sdata on fore

ing the year formed the bas

information on rates char

throughout the world

Bureau publicity includin

Division was prepared of Current in the Inform

section 

formation which because of 

to other units of the Bureau 

The Assistant to Director 

of the Merchant Fleet Corp

administrative office of the B

In addition to these adm

sf ecial assignments includi

trons pertaining to sales to 

laws of the United States a

vessels covered by preferred 

Sa7es to aliens and trans

year 66 vessels with a gross 

We to aliens with the privil

These vessels were either s

the development of the Ame

of such age and obsolesce

Many of the larger obsolesc

ating fleets and had been p

modern vessels Of the 66 

for transfer to foreign regis

tons Canadian 10 of 16333 

Dutch 1 of 49 gross tons E

1 of 3116 gross tons Fre

of 40323 gross tons Japane

of 223 gross tons Newfoun

4 of 1596 gross tons Pana

2 of 835 gross tons and 1 o

flag Three vessels of 168 

intention of documenting th

in the fishing trade off the P

can vessel to an alien was 

Surrender of nal do 

June 30 1935 the approval 

Merchant Marine Act 1920 

izing the surrender of the m

under the laws of the United 

surrenders of the documents 

port change of ownership o

In granting approvals pite

vessels concurrently be redo

States and proper endorsem

preferred mortgages recorde
MERCHANT 

OR

But one change took place 

the Merchant Fleet Corporat

1 1935 Admiral H I Cone 

accepted by the Secretary of C

At the annual meeting of s

lowing trustees were elected f

drones Craig Peacaek 

South Trimble Jr 

Otto Praeger 

Huntington T Morse

At the close of the fiscal y

Corporation were as follows

President and chairman of the boa

Vice chairtan of the board of trus

Vice president 

Treasurer Secretary 

General comptroller

The President of the Mer

Chairman of the Board of T

management of the Corpors

administers through the offi

General Comptroller and trvo 

The other officers of the Cor

W provided by the bvla ws an

President of the Corporation

The trustees who are requ

nually and perform substant

of direcior sof a private corp

DIVISION 

This Division continued to 

maintenance and operation of 

and Fleet Corporation Dur

mme sections mentioned in the 

Of the 1 Movement Sec

for negotiating and supervisi

records in conneetion with p

following up of the performa

except with respect to the c

contracts was transferred to 

Loans and Sales

Vessel operationsThe op

mentowned cargo lines by fo

throughout the year The na

196
UNTTRD STATES 

lines together with the num

the following table

Line 

America Franco Line 

American Hampton Roads Yankee Line 

Orlole Liners 

American Pioneer Line 

Australian service

Indian service 

oriental service 

American Republics Line 

American Gulf Orient Line 

1 Spacial voyage in tms service made by 

agreement

The 169 voyages were per

Corporation of1380 528 60 

9140 compared with the co

of the America France Line 

but an improvement in the v

despite generally higher ope

loss for the fleet as a whol

Cor O on O1 the profits 

number of voyages alo con

cargo volume in the trades 

increase in the nuniber of ra

enable it to maintain its com

ingss to Australia were incre

India from 9 to 12 a year 

Far East trade necessitated 

of sailings of the American 

changes will not be reflected 

fiscal year 1936

The total operating lux o

cluding its administrative e

and maintenance of terminal

of employees assi to the 

for the fiscal year 1935 was 

with abort200 0 for the 

502 00

The investigation of the 

referred to in last year srep

tion for the consolidation o

Hampton RoadsTonlcee Li

This proposal was approved 

into effect dnring the fiscal r

The Board of Trustee w

Connnerce adopted on Augu

cover the operation of the G

ever owiur to pending actio

ping legislation this agreem

the fiscal year The operati
198 REPORT OF THE 

effect but with amendments 

cost of administrative expen

mitting cancelation of the co

Daintenance and reservefl

year 1935 there were 229 ve

with 234 at the beginning o

terials at the reserve fleets fo

against 165 870 for the prev

ok additional preservation w

was chargeable to liquidatio

534 000 was chargeable dur

work performed by the gen

Corporation

Maintenance and repair m

released for issue to manag

about 4300 was offered for 

During the year the rec

surveys and 385 damage a

vessels and 79 surveys on G

or in the hands of managing 

A physical survey of the 

performed during the year b

tives of the Navy Departme

m

Merchant Fleet Corporation 

mittee were passed upon by 

of the aaine organization E

in one of three classes pres

Fleet Corporation as follow

Class L A first reserve for 

Class II A second reorve for n

Class III Vessels of insuffirien

to warrant their furtbee preserva

The board of review repo

Board Bureau that 30 veseis 

in class II and 67 in class II

Supplies sectionThis sec

poration sactivities in conn

distribution of materials su

stores and equipment for act

by managing operator

Durin the year the aggre

the Merehalit Fleet Corpor

114 000 emanated from the W

cluded maintenance and repa

ture material for preservatio

and equipment for the mainte

terminals

All inventories including 

materials for use in the reserv

terminals maintenance and 

stores and equipment aboard 

managing operators and cha

During the year overage and 
UNITED STATES 

equipment on redelivery of G

and handled to conclusion 

in the method of inventoryin

Disability and vessel pers

advisory work on nautical p

reports

office It

and

also

opinions

continued

to

its

the

ing operators of masters a

for Government account a

vessel disabilities and ships 

During the vear a conferen

managing operator the Uni

Insurance Division for the 

tributing to heatyweather 

the Fleet Corporation and 

age could be reduced

Terminals and realestate 

trol of the Department wh

Operations consist of 6 mar

as follows

Boston This terminal is 

year period ending June 30 

65711 per annum althou

property was performed du

expenditures

1

showod a ha

2926

Hoboken This terminal 

minal Service Inc for a pe

at a rental of 50 percent of 

and operation of the prope

90000 for the fir year an

vears The urinimmn renta

ber 1 1934 was reduced 

business conditions Revenu

terminal for the past fiscal re

itures totaled 73141 67 le

Brooklyn This terminal 

period March 1 1934 to Dec

of the gross revenues with 

a year It became necessa

the minimum anneal rental 

March 1 1935 Subsequen

of the lease to become ef

Government sreceipts over 

the year

Philadelphia This prope

Inc at an annual rental of 

August 3 1934 Excess of 

117 520 for the year

Norfolk The Norfolk Tid

property for the period Aug

fiscal year covered by this 

rental exceeded its expenditu
200 MP0131 OF TUE 

Charleston The Charlesto

Utilities Commission of Charl

1 1931 On November 8 193

tial repairs to this property w

ments necessitated a supplem

the payment of 66 percen

event less than 20000 a ye

the operation of this propert

Maintenance and recondition

amounted to 649378 and 

sulting in an unfavorable ba

Craney Island be Crane

Elizabeth River near Norfo

Shipping Co on a yearly bas

an option of renewal for a to

May 1 193 The lessee has 

improvements and the proper

Vessel 31orev7ent SectionT

tion were largely of a routin

cluded maintenance of record

teed operation status records 

poration and preparation of 

Sales of vesselsThe onl

cargo vessels totaling 25098 

Transfer of eustody of ve

ment Division of the Treasu

steamship Kittery esNavy 

change of funds to the Fed

for use in an oyster pest con

Va

DIVISIO

Under authority of llue Mer

b the Shipping Board Bure

continued to maintain and 

which is used to insure in w

or equiiabb interest in ves el 

The Icleet Corporation has 

huH insurance on vessels in w

the American cormuercial ma

er of vessel purchased from 

constructor or reconditioned 

tion loan fiend by accepting 

enpacity of the commercial nu

to obtain satisfactory rates in 

accept the insurance in an am

of tle mortgage debt In so

has been approved under spe

As of lnue 30 1935 the t

find s uamted to 30542 716 

prieatel yowner amcricanflu 

surance on 47 G ornmentow

tion

less than

services

the amount

The total

covered

amo
UNITED STATEN 

The total premiums earne

inception to June 30 1935 h

premiums 1359565ha

moneys of the Merchant Fl

law authorizing the creation 

trative expenses aiiiounted t

Unsettled claims for whic

estimated at1515 069 as o

chums are settled for this es

of the geuexal insurance fun

The examination of com

vessels mortgaged to the Go

tant activity rhese policie

is required under the sales a

ment sinterest in the vesse

Commercial protection and 

ators of Government vessels 

examined Policies covering 

eral liability submitted b Ie

also automobile liabilit ins

tion totaling approximately 

cases of personal injury of 

the Shipping Board Burea

Enyilovees Compensation C

The settlement of protec

prior to July 1 192 when t

nity lgcucy Inc was sold 

year IO claims were settled fo

1985 there were 78 pending c

a number of claims revived 

niilalty Act of June 30 193

T

The treasurer soffice of t

chant Fleet Corporation han

the United State Shipping 

Corporation For the fiscal 

had a total appropriation o

pended and an additional a

Year for salaries and travel

and for expert stenographic 

ings Iu addition the tran

appropriation to the Bureau 

of 5600 and 1512 to the 

Treasury Department was a

No appropriation from th

administrative and operatin

poration in the fiscal year 13

of flmds on hand Jul L 19

receipts during the fiscal Yea

limited to 750 00 to defray 
202 m fnz r of CHI 

ment for the several active fu

1935 by the Merchant Fleet Co

Item I Op

7235

181

8

45

601

Includes3255000liquidation receipts tran

A complete statement of th

Board Bureau and Merchant 

CollectionsThe collection 

ceivable of the Merchant Flee

of the treasurer soffice Durin

totaling approximately14300 

828 000

2

were collected and 

980 00 were collected settl

Collections of principal pa

Shipping Beard Bureau and 

24676 320 73of which 203

notes and 314489 79to ship 

019 97

2

was collected as interest 

917 36 69applied to const

Amounts collected as rcpay

deposited in the construction 

was covered into the United S

Collections of both principal 

ever were used to defray th

fleet and for salaries and expe

dation within the 750 00 lim

priation act Collections in e

the insurance fund pursuant 

Marine Act 1928

While Its in the pant a numb

ing their obligations to the G

to not that during the fisca

struction

Securities

loan

Owing

fund prepaid

to heave

n

construction loan advances o

face value of notes and other 

front approximately 148 500 0 

the end of the fiscal year cove

Housing propertiesConve

gages on properties at Brookl

Housing Corporation during 

mortgages with a total purch

to that corporation pursuant 

The expiration date of the 

recently extended to Decembe

No important changes occ

other housing properties held 
I KITED STATES 

GENER

The general comptroller s

30 1935 continued its regula

records of the United States 

chant Fleet Corporation ex

porate accounts of managi

sels and of the operation of 

vising the fiscal operations o

wise disposing of outstandin

the defense and prosecution o

In addition to these regul

studies dealing not only with 

contract lines but with Anie

at the request of the special 

and AirMail Contracts the 

pinr Policy the Post Office 

summarized annual reports 

position as well as the phys

panies subject to section 21 

compiled

S

Owing to limitations of s

incorporated in former rears 

Board will be omitted from 

mimeographed form to those 

Director of the Shipping Bo

Washington D C
204 REPORT OF THE 8

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1 NITFD STATES 

LBtfanated operating 

Amounts sh

Tota 

1 Number of vessels at end of tscal year

Number 

I nnat7on 1

J

1

CLartered vessel I1

170 

Inactive vessels

In custody o operations

merchant Corpora

tion 8 

In custody of mmanaging

operator 8 

Administrative expense opera

tfons 

s reven

pence 

Total operation Sfi 

Administrative expense em

ployeas

Pmg Board

assigned

Bureau

toUShip 

l

1 Number of vessels at end of tscal year