I 

111TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 3077 

To authorize appropriations for fiscal years 2010 through 2014 to provide 

assistance to foreign countries to promote food security and agricultural 

development, to develop rural infrastructure and stimulate rural economies, and to improve emergency response to food crises, to amend the 

Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

JUNE 26, 2009 

Ms. MCCOLLUM (for herself, Mr. PAYNE, Mrs. EMERSON, Mr. JACKSON of Illinois, Mr. GRIJALVA, Ms. LEE of California, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. 

HONDA, and Ms. SCHAKOWSKY) introduced the following bill; which was 

referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs 

A BILL 

To authorize appropriations for fiscal years 2010 through 

2014 to provide assistance to foreign countries to promote food security and agricultural development, to develop rural infrastructure and stimulate rural economies, 

and to improve emergency response to food crises, to 

amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and for 

other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 


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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

2 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

3 ‘‘Global Food Security Act of 2009’’. 

4 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

5 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings. 

Sec. 3. Definitions. 

TITLE I—POLICY OBJECTIVES, PLANNING AND COORDINATION 

Sec. 101. Policy objectives. 

Sec. 102. International investments in developing country agricultural land. 

Sec. 103. Comprehensive food security strategy. 

Sec. 104. Reports. 

TITLE II—BILATERAL PROGRAMS 

Sec. 201. Agriculture, rural development, and nutrition. 

Sec. 202. Agricultural research. 

TITLE III—UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIPS FOR AGRICULTURE 

Sec. 301. Amendment to Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. 

TITLE IV—EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO FOOD CRISES 

Sec. 401. Emergency rapid response to food crises account. 

Sec. 402. Authorization of appropriations. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress makes the following findings: 

8 (1) Nearly 1,000,000,000 people worldwide suf9 fer from food insecurity, defined as a lack of access 

10 to sufficient food to meet dietary needs for an active 

11 and healthy life. 

12 (2) The number of food insecure increased from 

13 849,000,000 in 2006 to 982,000,000 in 2007, ac14 cording to the Department of Agriculture. 


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1 (3) The United Nations World Food Program 

2 reports that 25,000 people die each day from mal3 nutrition-related causes. 

4 (4) The food security situation of lower income 

5 countries is projected to continue to deteriorate over 

6 the next decade. 

7 (5) Nearly one-half of the world’s food insecure 

8 live in sub-Saharan Africa. 

9 (6) The agricultural sector comprises large por10 tions of the total labor force in many developing 

11 countries, as high as 70 to 80 percent in sub-Saha12 ran Africa, where it also contributes about 35 per13 cent of the total gross national product (GNP). 

14 (7) Agriculture has the potential to be an effi15 cient engine for promoting economic growth and in16 creasing the incomes of the poor in developing coun17 tries. 

18 (8) A diverse, secure, affordable, and univer19 sally available food supply has health benefits, in20 cluding increasing child survival, improving cognitive 

21 and physical development of children, especially 

22 those under two years of age, and strengthening the 

23 immune system to bolster resistance to disease. 

24 (9) Under-nutrition is responsible for 35 per25 cent of child deaths and 11 percent of the total globVerDate Nov 24 2008 01:36 Jul 02, 2009 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H3077.IH H3077

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1 al disease burden is attributable to maternal and 

2 child under-nutrition according to a review of lit3 erature published in The Lancet. 

4 (10) Rapid increases in global food costs since 

5 2007 and the subsequent global financial crisis 

6 threaten to significantly undermine gains achieved in 

7 poverty reduction and health programs. 

8 (11) The poor in developing countries spend as 

9 much as 50 to 70 percent of their incomes on food. 

10 (12) Three out of five of those suffering from 

11 hunger are rural small-scale agriculturalists. One 

12 out of five is a rural landless laborer, and another 

13 one-fifth are urban poor, according to the United 

14 Nations Secretary General’s High Level Task Force 

15 on the Global Food Security Crisis. 

16 (13) Women, who are often heads of house17 holds, comprise a large proportion of small holders 

18 and face unique challenges and heightened vulner19 ability to food insecurity. Women produce 80 percent 

20 of food in sub-Saharan Africa, but have access to 

21 less than 5 percent of land, credit, and extension 

22 services. 

23 (14) Many food insecure countries also suffer 

24 from natural resource degradation and the resulting 

25 decrease in food and other ecosystem services these 


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1 resources provide. Many of these countries are also 

2 among the most vulnerable to the effects of climate 

3 change. 

4 (15) A comprehensive approach to long-term 

5 food security should encompass improvements in nu6 trition, education, agricultural infrastructure and 

7 productivity, finance and markets, safety net pro8 grams, job creation, household incomes, research 

9 and technology, ecosystem services, and the sustain10 able management of land and natural resources. 

11 (16) The comprehensive, long-term global food 

12 security strategy of the United States should be in13 tegrated into a new national strategy for global de14 velopment. 

15 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

16 In this Act: 

17 (1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis18 trator’’ means the Administrator of the United 

19 States Agency for International Development. 

20 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT21 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com22 mittees’’ means— 

23 (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

24 and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

25 Senate; and 


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1 (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

2 the Committee on Appropriations of the House 

3 of Representatives. 

4 (3) CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY.—The term 

5 ‘‘chronic food insecurity’’ means ongoing and per6 sistent lack of access to sufficient food to meet die7 tary needs for an active and healthy life. 

8 (4) AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.—The term 

9 ‘‘agricultural development’’ means methods to use 

10 agriculture as a basis for food security, family liveli11 hood, and economic growth by increasing the pro12 ductivity of those involved in the production of food, 

13 fuel, and fiber, including farmers, fishers, foresters, 

14 and pastoralists, particularly those that operate on 

15 a small scale, and linking them and their products 

16 to consumers through markets, including post har17 vest activities such as storage, processing, transport, 

18 and improving market efficiency. 

19 (5) RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE.—The term 

20 ‘‘rural infrastructure’’— 

21 (A) means public and private facilities and 

22 services necessary for agricultural production 

23 and other activities in non-urban (rural) areas; 

24 and 


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1 (B) includes roads or other means of 

2 transportation, water supplies including irriga3 tion, rural electrification, communication tech4 nology, financial services, storage, warehousing, 

5 and processing facilities needed for increasing 

6 agricultural production and linking producers to 

7 markets, including policies and regulations of 

8 such sectors in addition to physical infrastruc9 ture. 

10 TITLE I—POLICY OBJECTIVES, 

11 PLANNING AND COORDINATION 

12 SEC. 101. POLICY OBJECTIVES. 

13 (a) FINDING.—Congress finds that food insecurity is 

14 expanding rapidly in developing countries, forcing tens of 

15 millions of people into poverty, contributing to political 

16 and social instability, eroding economic growth, and un17 dermining United States foreign assistance investments in 

18 areas including basic education, global health, environ19 mental protection, and democratic institutions. 

20 (b) POLICY OBJECTIVES.—Congress declares the fol21 lowing to be the policy objectives of the United States with 

22 respect to food security: 

23 (1) The United States will respond with re24 newed urgency and increased commitment to the 

25 problem of chronic food insecurity through a comVerDate Nov 24 2008 03:16 Jul 01, 2009 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H3077.IH H3077

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1 prehensive approach that targets the underlying 

2 causes of hunger and poverty. 

3 (2) This approach will link emergency food as4 sistance with sustained investments in nutritional 

5 support and productive safety nets, agricultural de6 velopment activities, and rural infrastructure for the 

7 purposes of promoting global food security, eradi8 cating hunger and malnutrition, alleviating poverty, 

9 improving agricultural productivity and rural devel10 opment, and expanding economic opportunity for 

11 poor and vulnerable populations. 

12 (3) To achieve these goals, the United States 

13 will focus on strengthening agricultural systems and 

14 markets in developing countries in partnership with 

15 government agencies, including local and regional 

16 governments, civil society, farmer organizations, co17 operatives, institutions of higher learning, private 

18 entities, multilateral institutions, and nongovern19 mental organizations. 

20 (4) These efforts will enhance human capacity, 

21 nutrition, entrepreneurial skills and job creation, im22 prove agricultural research and technology, and fa23 cilitate the dissemination of economically and envi24 ronmentally sustainable techniques to all parts of 

25 the agriculture sector. 


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1 (c) COORDINATION.—Congress finds that, for the 

2 purpose of enhancing program sustainability and effective3 ness, a comprehensive strategy to fight global hunger and 

4 promote global food security through agricultural develop5 ment should be integrated into a new national strategy 

6 for global development which establishes broad priorities 

7 and guidelines for development programs, and articulates 

8 how development policy is integrated into an overall na9 tional security strategy and will be coordinated with other 

10 United States Government policies governing trade, cli11 mate change, human rights, food safety, and related areas. 

12 SEC. 102. INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS IN AGRICUL13 TURAL LANDS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. 

14 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 

15 (1) A growing trend in large-scale acquisitions 

16 and lease agreements of farmland in Africa, Latin 

17 America, and Central and Southeast Asia has been 

18 documented by the International Fund for Agricul19 tural Development, the United Nations Food and 

20 Agriculture Organization, and the International In21 stitute for Environment and Development. These or22 ganizations found that nearly 2.5 million hectares of 

23 land have been allocated in just five sub-Saharan Af24 rican countries since 2004. 


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1 (2) The International Food Policy Research In2 stitute (IFPRI) estimates between 15 and 20 million 

3 hectares of farmland in developing countries, valued 

4 between $20 billion to $30 billion, have been subject 

5 to international transactions or negotiations since 

6 2006. 

7 (3) Evidence suggests these large land acquisi8 tions and leases are led primarily by private inves9 tors seeking to capitalize on increased agricultural 

10 commodity prices and demand for biofuels and also 

11 by governments seeking to bolster their domestic 

12 food security. 

13 (4) While the investment that accompanies 

14 these land acquisitions and leases may contribute to 

15 short-term economic development, the ventures may 

16 threaten the food security of developing nations and 

17 deepen local poverty unless adequate legal and pro18 cedural mechanisms are in place and functioning to 

19 protect local rights and the welfare of rural poor 

20 people who depend on agriculture for their liveli21 hood. 

22 (5) These land acquisitions may also threaten 

23 political stability if they involve land for which ten24 ure and use rights are complex or in dispute or if 


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1 they result in loss of access or use by poor people 

2 without free, prior, and informed consent. 

3 (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con4 gress that it should be the policy of the United States Gov5 ernment to— 

6 (1) uphold and promote the principle of free, 

7 prior, and informed consent in relation to the land 

8 access and use rights of poor people in developing 

9 countries; 

10 (2) monitor and document the trend of large 

11 scale land acquisitions and lease agreements in de12 veloping countries, including by working with other 

13 governments and international organizations; 

14 (3) promote global standards of transparency 

15 for large international land deals and identify the 

16 drivers of the new trend, such as the imposition of 

17 export restrictions during periods of global food inse18 curity; 

19 (4) expand and prioritize United States assist20 ance programs that strengthen land management in 

21 developing countries and provide support for organi22 zations that empower the rural poor to maximize the 

23 potential benefits from land investments and mini24 mize potential negative effects; 


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1 (5) actively support the current effort led by 

2 the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organiza3 tion to develop and promote Voluntary Guidelines on 

4 Good Governance in Land and Resource Manage5 ment; and 

6 (6) actively support the testing and application 

7 of the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment 

8 Framework as a tool to enable governments to iden9 tify areas of land governance that require strength10 ening. 

11 SEC. 103. COMPREHENSIVE FOOD SECURITY STRATEGY. 

12 (a) SPECIAL COORDINATOR.—The President shall 

13 designate an individual to serve in the Executive Office 

14 of the President as the Special Coordinator for Food Secu15 rity. The coordinator shall assist the President by— 

16 (1) advising the President on international food 

17 security issues; 

18 (2) taking such actions as are necessary to en19 sure the coordination of the global food security ef20 forts and programs of the United States, including 

21 the activities of Federal departments and agencies; 

22 (3) facilitating the development and implemen23 tation of the strategy described in subsection (b); 

24 and 


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1 (4) establishing a mechanism for regular con2 sultations with representatives of relevant Federal 

3 departments and agencies, multilateral institutions, 

4 private voluntary organizations, cooperatives, the 

5 private sector, and other nongovernmental organiza6 tions to develop the strategy described in subsection 

7 (b) and to consult on methodologies, conditions in 

8 targeted countries, progress toward goals, and other 

9 relevant information about needs and interventions. 

10 (b) CONTENT OF STRATEGY.—The strategy referred 

11 to in subsection (a) (3) and (4) is a comprehensive food 

12 security strategy that shall— 

13 (1) recognize chronic hunger as a symptom of 

14 under-development; 

15 (2) target the underlying causes of food insecu16 rity with approaches that link emergency assistance 

17 with productive safety nets, increased agricultural 

18 productivity, market development, food-based ap19 proaches to nutrition, and rural infrastructure devel20 opment; 

21 (3) utilize data to target and customize pack22 ages of interventions within regions and countries to 

23 best meet recipient needs and most effectively utilize 

24 resources; 


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1 (4) focus, concentrate, and sustain resources to 

2 ensure the scale and duration of effort necessary to 

3 produce long-term change in the most food insecure 

4 countries, regions, and populations; 

5 (5) utilize investments in agricultural develop6 ment to improve family livelihood and stimulate 

7 broad-based economic growth whenever appropriate; 

8 (6) prioritize and support the central role of 

9 women in agricultural production and related activi10 ties in the countries of operation; 

11 (7) include assessment and monitoring of the 

12 effects of global climate change in the countries of 

13 operation as well as activities focused on adapting to 

14 observed and anticipated effects; 

15 (8) prioritize the enhancement of natural re16 sources and ecosystem goods and services, and the 

17 reduction of negative environmental impacts from 

18 agricultural activities through sustainable natural re19 source management practices including by building 

20 local capacity and transferring skills and knowledge; 

21 (9) utilize low-technology, appropriate tech22 nology, and advanced technology solutions as nec23 essary to promote program sustainability and cost24 effectiveness; 


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1 (10) incorporate land tenure, resource rights, 

2 and legal reform programs, especially those targeted 

3 at securing equal protections for women; 

4 (11) include specific and measurable goals, 

5 benchmarks, and time frames, and a plan of action 

6 to achieve the objectives described in section 101; 

7 (12) to the greatest extent possible— 

8 (A) build upon recipient country and re9 gional strategies for addressing sustainable ag10 ricultural development, such as the Comprehen11 sive Africa Agriculture Development Program; 

12 (B) leverage the resources of private sector 

13 providers of agriculture inputs, processors, and 

14 marketers, including through the Global Devel15 opment Alliances of the United States Agency 

16 for International Development and other meas17 ures; 

18 (C) utilize the skills and knowledge of the 

19 academic and research community, private vol20 untary organizations and cooperatives, and 

21 other program implementers; 

22 (D) coordinate, harmonize, and align 

23 United States food security efforts with similar 

24 efforts of international organizations, inter25 national financial institutions, the governments 


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1 of developing and developed countries, and 

2 United States and international nongovern3 mental organizations; 

4 (E) incorporate approaches directed at 

5 reaching people living in extreme poverty, con6 sidering the full range of food security needs, 

7 including availability, access, consumption and 

8 utilization of food; and 

9 (F) ensure programs and approaches ad10 dress the special needs of women farmers, 

11 women living in poverty, and the needs of all 

12 poor people who are agriculturalists, pastoral13 ists, or otherwise engaged in agriculture-related 

14 enterprises; 

15 (13) include and provide appropriate linkages 

16 with United States international health programs, 

17 such as the Maternal and Child Health programs 

18 and the President’s Emergency Plan for HIV/AIDS 

19 Relief; 

20 (14) include and provide appropriate linkages 

21 with existing United States international water, en22 ergy, and biodiversity programs, as well as any fu23 ture international forest and global climate change 

24 programs; 


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1 (15) reflect a whole-of-government approach 

2 that incorporates and encompasses the programs of 

3 relevant Federal departments and agencies that en4 gage in some aspect of food security, including the 

5 Department of State, the United States Agency for 

6 International Development, the Department of Agri7 culture, the Peace Corps, the Department of De8 fense, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the 

9 Department of the Treasury, the Office of the 

10 United States Trade Representative, and the De11 partment of Health and Human Services; and 

12 (16) provide annual monitoring and evaluation 

13 of the program that includes the use of gender anal14 ysis to assess progress against the specific goals, 

15 benchmarks, and time frames identified in para16 graph (11) and spanning the key components of the 

17 strategy of emergency nutritional assistance, agricul18 tural development, and associated infrastructure, 

19 and productive safety nets. 

20 (c) IMPLEMENTATION.—The United States Agency 

21 for International Development shall be the lead agency in 

22 implementing the strategy described in subsection (b). The 

23 Administrator shall ensure that the Agency’s bureaus, of24 fices, overseas missions, and programs relating to food se25 curity or supporting food security objectives are coordiVerDate Nov 24 2008 03:16 Jul 01, 2009 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H3077.IH H3077

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1 nated in a manner that promotes achievement of the policy 

2 objectives described in section 101 and to leverage and im3 prove program effectiveness. 

4 SEC. 104. REPORTS. 

5 (a) ANNUAL REPORTS.— 

6 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year 

7 after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not 

8 later than December 31 of each year thereafter 

9 through 2014, the President shall submit to the ap10 propriate congressional committees a report on the 

11 implementation of the strategy described in section 

12 103(b) and how it fulfills the policy objectives de13 scribed in section 101. 

14 (2) CONTENT.—The report required under 

15 paragraph (1) shall include— 

16 (A) a copy of the strategy and an indica17 tion of any changes made in the strategy during 

18 the preceding calendar year; 

19 (B) an assessment of progress made dur20 ing the preceding calendar year toward meeting 

21 the objectives described in section 101 and the 

22 specific goals, benchmarks, and time frames 

23 specified in the strategy described in section 

24 103(b); 


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1 (C) a description of United States Govern2 ment bilateral programs, and investments in 

3 multilateral institutions, contributing to the 

4 achievement of the objectives described in sec5 tion 101, including the amounts expended on 

6 such programs during the preceding fiscal year; 

7 (D) an assessment of United States efforts 

8 to encourage and leverage business and philan9 thropic participation in United States food se10 curity programs and to coordinate, harmonize, 

11 and align such programs with similar efforts of 

12 international organizations, international finan13 cial institutions, the governments of developing 

14 and developed countries, and United States and 

15 international nongovernmental organizations; 

16 and 

17 (E) an assessment of progress made to18 ward coordinating and integrating global food 

19 security activities with other United States bi20 lateral and multilateral development efforts in 

21 the areas of operation. 

22 (3) GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE RE23 PORT.—Not later than 270 days after the submis24 sion of each report under paragraph (1), the Comp25 troller General of the United States shall submit to 


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1 the appropriate congressional committees a report 

2 that contains— 

3 (A) a review of, and comments addressing, 

4 the report submitted under paragraph (1); and 

5 (B) recommendations relating to any addi6 tional actions the Comptroller General deter7 mines to be necessary to improve a global food 

8 security strategy and its implementation, in9 cluding potential structural or programmatic 

10 modifications within and among Federal depart11 ments and agencies involved in the implementa12 tion of the strategy for the purpose of enhanc13 ing coordination and effectiveness, and meas14 ures to improve coordination, harmonization, 

15 and alignment with other governments, inter16 national organizations, international financial 

17 institutions, and non-governmental organiza18 tions. 

19 (b) PROGRAM REVIEW.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 4 years after 

21 the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 

22 shall submit to the appropriate congressional com23 mittees a report containing— 

24 (A) an assessment of progress made dur25 ing the preceding four years toward meeting the 


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1 objectives described in section 101 and the spe2 cific goals, benchmarks, and time frames speci3 fied in the strategy described in section 103(b); 

4 and 

5 (B) an evaluation of the impact during the 

6 preceding four years of United States food se7 curity programs on food security, health, and 

8 economic growth in countries suffering from 

9 chronic food insecurity. 

10 (2) BASIS FOR REPORT.—The report required 

11 under paragraph (1) shall be based on assessments 

12 and impact evaluations utilizing sound quantitative 

13 and qualitative methodologies and techniques used in 

14 the behavioral sciences. 

15 TITLE II—BILATERAL 

16 PROGRAMS 

17 SEC. 201. AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND NU18 TRITION. 

19 Section 103 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

20 (22 U.S.C. 2151a) is amended to read as follows: 

21 ‘‘SEC. 103. AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND NU22 TRITION. 

23 ‘‘(a) FINDING; DECLARATION OF POLICY.— 

24 ‘‘(1) FINDING.—Congress finds the efforts of 

25 developing countries to enhance their national food 


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1 security deserves encouragement as a matter of 

2 United States development assistance and foreign 

3 policy, with particular concern for the needs of 

4 women, the poor, and the special needs of nutrition5 ally vulnerable populations. 

6 ‘‘(2) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—Therefore, 

7 Congress declares that United States food security 

8 efforts shall be incorporated into United States dip9 lomatic and foreign assistance efforts with devel10 oping countries, including under this Act, the Food 

11 for Peace Act, the Millennium Challenge Act of 

12 2003, and as a part of United States participation 

13 in multilateral institutions in order to expand and to 

14 improve food production, rural development, and 

15 complementary assistance for the purpose of ensur16 ing access to sufficient food and nutrition for all 

17 people for a healthy and productive life. 

18 ‘‘(b) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The President is 

19 authorized to provide assistance, on such terms and condi20 tions as the President may determine, for agriculture, 

21 rural development, and nutrition, including— 

22 ‘‘(1) to alleviate chronic starvation, hunger, and 

23 malnutrition; 

24 ‘‘(2) to improve rural infrastructure (as defined 

25 in section 3 of the Global Food Security Act of 


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1 2009), to conserve natural resources and to expand 

2 significantly the provision of basic services to rural 

3 poor people to enhance their capacity for self-help; 

4 ‘‘(3) to help create productive farm and off5 farm employment in rural areas to provide a more 

6 viable economic base, to increase agriculture and 

7 food production, and to enhance opportunities for 

8 improved incomes, living standards, and contribu9 tions by rural poor people to the economic and social 

10 development of their countries; 

11 ‘‘(4) to expand the economic participation of 

12 women, people living in extreme poverty, and those 

13 who lack access to agriculturally productive land, in14 cluding through productive safety net programs and 

15 health and nutrition programs, and to integrate 

16 those living in extreme poverty into the economy; 

17 ‘‘(5) to support natural resource management, 

18 conservation farming and other sustainable agricul19 tural techniques to respond to changing climatic 

20 conditions and ensure adequate water supply and 

21 quality; and 

22 ‘‘(6) to improve nutrition of vulnerable popu23 lations such as children under the age of two years 

24 old, and pregnant and lactating women, including 

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1 tion of staple crops through breeding and bio2 technology, diet diversification, home gardening, and 

3 nutritional education linked to agricultural exten4 sion. 

5 ‘‘(c) PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS AND CO6 OPERATIVES.—In providing assistance under this section 

7 for the purposes described in subsection (b), the President 

8 shall enter into partnerships with and provide grants, co9 operative agreements, and other assistance to private vol10 untary organizations and cooperatives to mobilize and as11 sist poor populations. 

12 ‘‘(d) PRIORITY AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—In 

13 providing assistance under this section, the President shall 

14 meet the following priority and other requirements: 

15 ‘‘(1) Assistance under this section shall be used 

16 primarily for activities that are specifically designed 

17 to meet the purposes described in subsection (b) (2) 

18 and (3), including such activities as— 

19 ‘‘(A) expansion and improvement of agri20 cultural and food enterprises, cooperatives and 

21 associations that can increase the productivity 

22 and incomes of the poor in part through the 

23 transfer of skills and knowledge; 

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1 gional and national businesses, institutions and 

2 systems; 

3 ‘‘(C) providing access to markets, inputs, 

4 financing, extension services, and appropriate 

5 technologies for the rural poor; 

6 ‘‘(D) expansion of rural infrastructure (as 

7 defined in section 3 of the Global Food Security 

8 Act of 2009) and utilities such as farm-to-mar9 ket roads, water management systems, land im10 provement, storage facilities, and energy, spe11 cifically renewable energy whenever practicable; 

12 ‘‘(E) establishment of more equitable and 

13 more secure land tenure and resource rights ar14 rangements; and 

15 ‘‘(F) creation and strengthening of systems 

16 to provide other services and supplies needed by 

17 farmers, such as extension, research, training, 

18 financing, fertilizer, water, forestry, soil con19 servation, and improved seed, in ways which as20 sure gender equitable access to such services 

21 and supplies by small farmers. 

22 ‘‘(2) In circumstances in which development of 

23 major infrastructure is necessary to achieve the pur24 poses of subsection (b), assistance for those purposes 

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1 tion with significant contributions from other coun2 tries working together in a multilateral framework. 

3 Infrastructure projects so assisted should be environ4 mentally sensitive and complemented by other meas5 ures to ensure that the benefits of the infrastructure 

6 projects reach the poor. 

7 ‘‘(3)(A) Congress recognizes that the accel8 erating loss and degradation of natural ecosystems, 

9 including forests, in developing countries undermines 

10 and offsets efforts to improve agricultural produc11 tion and nutrition and otherwise to meet the basic 

12 human needs of the poor. Degradation and destruc13 tion of natural ecosystems results in the loss of valu14 able ecosystem goods and services including, crop 

15 pollination, pest and disease control, productive soil, 

16 nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, clean and 

17 abundant water, highly nutritious fish and animals, 

18 and commercially valuable products such as pharma19 ceuticals and wood. 

20 ‘‘(B) Where appropriate to meet the purposes 

21 of subsection (b), assistance shall be provided under 

22 this section to maintain, enhance and value eco23 system goods and services in developing countries. 

24 Such assistance shall include the protection of wa25 tersheds and soil, sustainable agricultural, forest, 


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1 fisheries, and agro-forest management, and the pro2 vision of alternative household fuels that reduce de3 mand for and emissions from the combustion of local 

4 forest resources. 

5 ‘‘(e) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.— 

6 ‘‘(1) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 

7 ‘‘(A) the greatest potential for significantly 

8 expanding availability of food for people in 

9 rural areas and augmenting world food produc10 tion at relatively low cost lies in increasing the 

11 productivity of small farmers who constitute a 

12 majority of the agricultural producers in devel13 oping countries; and 

14 ‘‘(B) increasing the emphasis on rural de15 velopment and expanded food production in the 

16 poorest nations of the developing world is a 

17 matter of social justice and a principal element 

18 contributing to broadly based economic growth, 

19 as well as an important factor in alleviating in20 flation in the industrialized countries. 

21 ‘‘(2) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.—In allocating 

22 funds for the provision of assistance under this sec23 tion, special attention shall be given to increasing 

24 agricultural production in countries that have been 


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1 designated as ‘least developed’ by the United Na2 tions General Assembly. 

3 ‘‘(f) COORDINATION WITH POPULATION AND

4 HEALTH ASSISTANCE.— 

5 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President is encour6 aged to coordinate assistance provided under this 

7 section with programs carried out under section 104 

8 of this Act to help improve nutrition of the people 

9 of developing countries through— 

10 ‘‘(A) encouragement of increased produc11 tion of crops with greater nutritional value; 

12 ‘‘(B) improvement of planning, research, 

13 and education with respect to nutrition, particu14 larly with reference to improvement and ex15 panded use of indigenous foodstuffs; and 

16 ‘‘(C) the undertaking of pilot or dem17 onstration programs explicitly addressing the 

18 problem of malnutrition of poor and vulnerable 

19 people. 

20 ‘‘(2) OTHER SUPPORT.—In particular, the 

21 President is further encouraged— 

22 ‘‘(A) to devise and carry out in partnership 

23 with developing countries a strategy for pro24 grams of nutrition and health improvement for 

25 mothers and children, including breastfeeding 


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1 and all other optimal infant and young child 

2 feeding; and 

3 ‘‘(B) to provide technical, financial, and 

4 material support to individuals or groups at the 

5 local level for such programs. 

6 ‘‘(g) LOCAL CURRENCY PROCEEDS.—Local currency 

7 proceeds from sales of commodities provided under the 

8 Food for Peace Act that are owned by foreign govern9 ments shall be used whenever practicable to carry out the 

10 provisions of this section. 

11 ‘‘(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

12 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 

13 appropriated to the President to carry out this sec14 tion $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2010, 

15 $1,250,000,000 for fiscal year 2011, 

16 $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2012, 

17 $2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2013, and 

18 $2,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2014. 

19 ‘‘(2) RELATION TO OTHER FUNDS.—Amounts 

20 authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1) 

21 are in addition to funds otherwise available for such 

22 purposes.’’. 

23 SEC. 202. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH. 

24 Section 103A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

25 (22 U.S.C. 2151a–1) is amended in the first sentence— 


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1 (1) by striking ‘‘, and (3) make’’ and inserting 

2 ‘‘, (3) make’’; 

3 (2) by striking the period at the end and insert4 ing ‘‘, and (4) include research on technological ad5 vances appropriate to local ecological condition.’’; 

6 and 

7 (3) by striking the period at the end and insert8 ing ‘‘, and (5) include research to address the effects 

9 of climate change on agriculture and the measures 

10 necessary to adapt to observed or anticipated effects 

11 and to identify methods to valuate and enhance car12 bon sequestration through conservation agriculture 

13 and other techniques.’’. 

14 TITLE III—UNIVERSITY PART15 NERSHIPS FOR AGRI16 CULTURE 

17 SEC. 301. AMENDMENT TO FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 

18 1961. 

19 Title XII of chapter 2 of part I the Foreign Assist20 ance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a et seq.) is amended 

21 to read as follows: 


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1 ‘‘TITLE XII—UNIVERSITY PART2 NERSHIPS FOR AGRI3 CULTURE 

4 ‘‘SEC. 296. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE. 

5 ‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find6 ings: 

7 ‘‘(1) Agriculture has been a driver of economic 

8 growth as the foundation of industry and commerce 

9 in developed countries. 

10 ‘‘(2) Institutions of higher education, including 

11 vocational education, can promote a robust agri12 culture sector through the dissemination of knowl13 edge, the building of human capital, research and 

14 technology, and extension. 

15 ‘‘(3) According to a World Bank study, higher 

16 education contributes to national productivity, raises 

17 living standards, and improves the ability of a coun18 try to compete globally. 

19 ‘‘(4) Enrollment rates in higher education are 5 

20 percent in Africa, 10 percent in South Asia, 19 per21 cent in East Asia, and 23 percent in North Africa 

22 and the Middle East. 

23 ‘‘(5) Universities in the United States have a 

24 history of serving as engines of development. 


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1 ‘‘(6) Many universities in the United States 

2 have experience in partnering with foreign univer3 sities on faculty and student exchanges, curriculum 

4 development, joint research projects, and extension. 

5 ‘‘(7) Land-grant universities and other univer6 sities in the United States have demonstrated their 

7 ability to cooperate with international agencies, edu8 cational and research institutions in other countries, 

9 the private sector, and nongovernmental organiza10 tions worldwide in expanding global agricultural pro11 duction, processing, business and trade, and pro12 moting better management of agricultural and nat13 ural resources, including adaptation to the effects of 

14 climate change, to the benefit of aid recipient coun15 tries and the United States. 

16 ‘‘(8) Population growth will exert pressures on 

17 food supplies and prices and require investments in 

18 increased agricultural productivity, processing, mar19 keting, trade, research, extension, and technology in 

20 order to provide food security, ensure health and nu21 trition, and build the basis for economic growth. 

22 ‘‘(9) United States foreign assistance support 

23 for higher education has declined from the 1990s. 

24 ‘‘(10) Global food security is in the interest of 

25 the United States because it promotes stability and 


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1 economic growth, increases trade opportunities, and 

2 alleviates hunger and poverty. 

3 ‘‘(b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this title is to au4 thorize United States assistance that promotes food secu5 rity, agriculture productivity, rural development, poverty 

6 and malnutrition alleviation, and environmental sustain7 ability by engaging the expertise of United States institu8 tions of higher education in collaboration with public and 

9 private institutions in developing countries. 

10 ‘‘SEC. 297. DEFINITIONS. 

11 ‘‘In this title: 

12 ‘‘(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘Adminis13 trator’ means the Administrator of the United 

14 States Agency for International Development. 

15 ‘‘(2) AGRICULTURE.—The term ‘agriculture’ 

16 means the science and practice of activities related 

17 to the production, processing, marketing, distribu18 tion, utilization, and trade of animal, fish, and plant 

19 produces and encompasses the study and practice of 

20 various fields related to the sciences, including envi21 ronmental and social sciences. 

22 ‘‘(3) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.— 

23 The term ‘institution of higher education’ means 

24 educational institutions providing post-secondary 

25 education and training. 


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1 ‘‘(4) PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PARTNERS OF UNI2 VERSITIES.—The term ‘public and private partners 

3 of universities’ includes entities that have coopera4 tive or contractual agreements with universities, 

5 which may include formal or informal associations of 

6 universities, other education institutions, United 

7 States Government and State agencies, private vol8 untary organizations, nongovernmental organiza9 tions, firms operated for profit, nonprofit organiza10 tions, multinational banks, and, as designated by the 

11 Administrator, any organizations, institutions, or 

12 agencies incorporated in foreign countries. 

13 ‘‘(5) UNITED STATES UNIVERSITIES.—The 

14 terms ‘United States universities’ and ‘United States 

15 institutions of higher education’ mean those colleges 

16 or universities in each State, territory, or possession 

17 of the United States, or the District of Columbia— 

18 ‘‘(A) now receiving, or which may hereafter 

19 receive, benefits under the Act of July 2, 1862 

20 (commonly known as the First Morrill Act) (7 

21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), or the Act of August 30, 

22 1890 (known as the Second Morrill Act) (7 

23 U.S.C. 321 et seq.), which are commonly known 

24 as ‘land-grant’ universities; 


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1 ‘‘(B) institutions now designated or which 

2 may hereafter be designated as sea-grant col3 leges under the National Sea Grant College and 

4 Program Act (33 U.S.C. 1121 et seq.), which 

5 are commonly known as sea-grant colleges; 

6 ‘‘(C) Native American land-grant colleges 

7 as authorized under the Equity in Educational 

8 Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (Public Law 

9 103–382; 7 U.S.C. 301 note); and 

10 ‘‘(D) other United States colleges and uni11 versities that— 

12 ‘‘(i) have demonstrable capacity in 

13 teaching, research, and extension (includ14 ing outreach) activities in the agricultural 

15 sciences; and 

16 ‘‘(ii) can contribute effectively to the 

17 attainment of the objective of this title. 

18 ‘‘SEC. 298. AUTHORITY. 

19 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to eradicate hunger and 

20 malnutrition, establish global food security, promote 

21 growth in agricultural productivity, trade expansion, and 

22 the sustainable use of natural resources, and alleviate pov23 erty, the President is authorized to provide assistance on 

24 such terms and conditions as the President may determine 

25 to implement program components through United States 


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1 land-grant universities, other eligible universities, and 

2 public and private partners of universities in the United 

3 States and other countries, consistent with sections 103 

4 and 103A of this Act, for the following purposes: 

5 ‘‘(1) Research on problems affecting food avail6 ability, accessibility and consumption, agriculture, 

7 ecosystem goods and services, climate adaption, for8 estry, livestock, and fisheries. 

9 ‘‘(2) Improved human capacity and institutional 

10 capacity for the global application of agricultural 

11 and related environmental sciences. 

12 ‘‘(3) Agricultural development and trade re13 search and extension services, particularly for 

14 women and other vulnerable populations, to support 

15 the access of rural populations to national and glob16 al markets. 

17 ‘‘(4) The application of agricultural and nutri18 tional sciences to solving food, health, nutrition, 

19 rural income, and environmental problems, especially 

20 among populations experiencing chronic food insecu21 rity (as defined in section 3 of the Global Food Se22 curity Act of 2009), in particular among women who 

23 are landless or smallholder farmers. 

24 ‘‘(b) TYPES OF SUPPORT.—Assistance provided pur25 suant to this section may include support for— 


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1 ‘‘(1) continued efforts by international agricul2 tural research centers and other international re3 search entities to provide a global network, including 

4 United States universities and foreign universities, 

5 for international scientific collaboration on crops, 

6 livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, sus7 tainable agricultural and land management tech8 nology, water management, source water protection 

9 and watershed conservation, and food systems of 

10 global importance; 

11 ‘‘(2) long-term collaborative research support 

12 programs between United States and foreign institu13 tions of higher education including the training of 

14 students, teachers, extension specialists, and re15 searchers; 

16 ‘‘(3) broad dissemination of agricultural re17 search through extension, cooperatively with existing 

18 public or private extension systems, and with farmer 

19 associations, cooperatives, and other non-govern20 mental organizations; 

21 ‘‘(4) the participation of universities and public 

22 and private partners of universities in programs of 

23 multilateral banks and agencies that receive United 

24 States assistance; 


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1 ‘‘(5) an expansion of learning opportunities 

2 about agriculture for students, teachers, school ad3 ministrators, community leaders, entrepreneurs, and 

4 the general public through international internships 

5 and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty posi6 tions, and other means of education and extension, 

7 with a focus on reaching women farmers; 

8 ‘‘(6) competitive grants to United States uni9 versities, public and private partners of universities, 

10 and universities in other countries for research, in11 stitution and policy development, extension, training, 

12 and other programs for global agricultural develop13 ment, trade and the responsible management of nat14 ural resources; and 

15 ‘‘(7) support for developing and strengthening 

16 national agricultural research and extension systems 

17 in developing countries. 

18 ‘‘(c) OBJECTIVES.—Programs under this title shall 

19 be carried out so as to utilize the capabilities of United 

20 States universities to assist— 

21 ‘‘(1) in developing institutional capacity in re22 cipient countries for classroom teaching in agri23 culture, plant and animal sciences, human nutrition, 

24 vocational training, extension services, and business 

25 training; 


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1 ‘‘(2) in agricultural research conducted in re2 cipient countries, at international agricultural re3 search centers, or in the United States; 

4 ‘‘(3) in the planning, initiation, and develop5 ment of extension services through which informa6 tion concerning agriculture, farming techniques, en7 vironment, nutrition, and related subjects will be 

8 made available to farmers and farming communities 

9 in recipient countries; and 

10 ‘‘(4) in the exchange of educators, students, 

11 and scientists for the purpose of assisting in success12 ful development in recipient countries. 

13 ‘‘(d) ROLE OF ADMINISTRATOR.—The President 

14 shall exercise his authority under this title through the 

15 Administrator. 

16 ‘‘(e) COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH SUPPORT PRO17 GRAM.—Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated 

18 under section 201(b) of the Global Food Security Act of 

19 2009, up to $45,000,000 may be made available annually 

20 for the Collaborative Research Support Program for fiscal 

21 years 2010 through 2014. 

22 ‘‘(f) CONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AG23 RICULTURAL RESEARCH.—Of the amounts authorized to 

24 be appropriated under section 201(b) of the Global Food 

25 Security Act of 2009, up to $50,000,000 may be made 


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1 available annually for core long-term research for the Con2 sultative Group on International Agricultural Research for 

3 fiscal years 2010 through 2014. 

4 ‘‘(g) BOARD FOR HIGHER EDUCATION COLLABORA5 TION FOR TECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURE, RESEARCH, AND

6 EXTENSION.— 

7 ‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator 

8 shall establish a permanent Board for Higher Edu9 cation Collaboration for Technology, Agriculture, 

10 Research, and Extension (referred to as ‘Board’) for 

11 purposes of assisting the Administrator in the ad12 ministration of the HECTARE Program, the Col13 laborative Research Support Program, and all other 

14 manner of university engagement authorized under 

15 this title. 

16 ‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall consist of 

17 at least 7 members, of whom— 

18 ‘‘(A) not less than 4 shall be selected from 

19 United States universities; and 

20 ‘‘(B) not less than 3 shall be selected from 

21 representatives of nongovernmental organiza22 tions or international education consortia de23 voted to agriculture research and education. 

24 ‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The duties of the Board shall 

25 include the following: 


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1 ‘‘(A) Responsibility for advising the Ad2 ministrator on issues related to the planning, 

3 implementation, and monitoring of activities de4 scribed in this title. 

5 ‘‘(B) Advising the Administrator on the 

6 formulation of basic policy, program design, 

7 procedures, and criteria for the HECTARE 

8 Program. 

9 ‘‘(C) Advising the Administrator on the 

10 qualifications of interested institutions of higher 

11 education based on— 

12 ‘‘(i) their ability to work collabo13 ratively to improve agricultural production, 

14 scientific research, and the dissemination 

15 of sustainable agricultural technologies; 

16 ‘‘(ii) their commitment to expanding 

17 and applying their academic, teaching, re18 search, and outreach capacities; and 

19 ‘‘(iii) their commitment to partner 

20 with private sector entities, non-govern21 mental organizations, civil society, other 

22 universities, and government entities. 

23 ‘‘(D) Advising the Administrator on which 

24 countries could benefit from programs carried 

25 out under section 299 and have an interest in 


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1 establishing or developing agricultural institu2 tions that engage in teaching, research, or ex3 tension services. 

4 ‘‘(E) Making recommendations to the Ad5 ministrator on the means to improve the effec6 tiveness of activities authorized by this title and 

7 undertaken by universities and public and pri8 vate partners of universities. 

9 ‘‘(F) Assessing the impact of programs 

10 carried out under this title in solving agricul11 tural problems, improving global food security, 

12 addressing natural resource issues, and 

13 strengthening institutional capacity at foreign 

14 university partners in developing countries. 

15 ‘‘(G) Reviewing issues concerning imple16 mentation of this title as requested by univer17 sities and making recommendations to the Ad18 ministrator on their resolution. 

19 ‘‘(H) Advising the Administrator on any 

20 and all issues as requested. 

21 ‘‘(4) REVIEW OF COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH

22 SUPPORT PROGRAM.—Not later than 1 year after 

23 the appointment of the members of the Board, the 

24 Board shall conduct a review of the Collaborative 

25 Research Support Program (CRSP) with regard to 


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1 the research focus of existing CRSP activities and 

2 their relevance to addressing hunger, malnutrition, 

3 agricultural productivity, and poverty alleviation, 

4 and shall make recommendations to the Adminis5 trator to strengthen the CRSP program. 

6 ‘‘(5) SUBORDINATE UNITS.—The Administrator 

7 may authorize the Board to create such subordinate 

8 units as may be necessary for the performance of its 

9 duties. 

10 ‘‘(6) ANNUAL REPORT CONSULTATION.—The 

11 Board shall be consulted in the preparation of the 

12 annual report required by section 299A and on other 

13 agricultural development activities related to pro14 grams under this title. 

15 ‘‘(7) TERM.—The terms of members shall be 

16 set by the Administrator at the time they are ap17 pointed. 

18 ‘‘(8) REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES.—Mem19 bers of the Board shall be entitled to such reim20 bursement of expenses incurred in the performance 

21 of their duties (including per diem in lieu of subsist22 ence while away from their homes or regular place 

23 of business) as the Administrator deems appropriate 

24 on a case-by-case basis. 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 299. HIGHER EDUCATION COLLABORATION FOR 

2 TECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURE, RESEARCH 

3 AND EXTENSION. 

4 ‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to 

5 provide United States assistance for the development of 

6 higher educational capacity in the field of agriculture in 

7 a manner that builds and strengthens institutional and 

8 human capacity of developing countries in the field of agri9 culture and related sciences, promotes entrepreneurship 

10 and economic growth in rural areas, increases agricultural 

11 productivity and sustainable agriculture, alleviates poverty 

12 and malnutrition, promotes nutritional diversity to include 

13 consumption of highly nutritious indigenous foods, and 

14 promotes good government through the participation of 

15 United States institutions of higher education. 

16 ‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—Not later than 

17 90 days after the date of the enactment of this section, 

18 the Administrator shall establish a program to be known 

19 as the Higher Education Collaboration for Technology, 

20 Agriculture, Research, and Extension (in this section re21 ferred to as the ‘Program’ or ‘HECTARE’) for the pur22 pose of providing assistance in support of policies and pro23 grams in eligible countries that advance hunger alleviation 

24 by increasing agricultural productivity and rural develop25 ment through partnerships with institutions of higher edu26 cation. 


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1 ‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

2 ‘‘(1) ASSISTANCE PLAN.—The term ‘assistance 

3 plan’ means a multi-year plan developed by the 

4 United States Agency for International Development 

5 in coordination with a foreign government or univer6 sity to provide assistance for agricultural education 

7 programs at a country or regional level. 

8 ‘‘(2) BOARD.—The term ‘Board’ means the 

9 Board for Higher Education Collaboration for Tech10 nology, Agriculture, Research, and Extension. 

11 ‘‘(3) HECTARE SCHOOL.—The term ‘HEC12 TARE school’ means an institution of higher edu13 cation in an eligible country that is designated as 

14 the lead educational institution for purposes of a 

15 country or regional assistance plan. 

16 ‘‘(4) ELIGIBLE COUNTRY.—The term ‘eligible 

17 country’ means a country that meets the require18 ments of subsection (g). 

19 ‘‘(d) FORM OF ASSISTANCE.—Assistance may be pro20 vided under this section in the form of grants, cooperative 

21 agreements, or contracts to or with eligible entities de22 scribed in subsection (h) and shall be provided pursuant 

23 to assistance plans as described in subsection (f). Assist24 ance may not be provided under this section in the form 

25 of loans. 


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1 ‘‘(e) USE OF FUNDS.—Assistance provided under 

2 this section may be used to provide support to HECTARE 

3 schools or, where appropriate, other institutions of higher 

4 education in eligible countries for the following purposes: 

5 ‘‘(1) Academic exchange programs for students, 

6 faculty members, extension educators, and school ad7 ministrators with HECTARE schools, other institu8 tions of higher education, and United States univer9 sities. 

10 ‘‘(2) Strengthening agricultural sciences cur11 ricula, including vocational training. 

12 ‘‘(3) Increasing research capacity, output, and 

13 quality. 

14 ‘‘(4) Improving the dissemination of informa15 tion and technology to farmers and others engaged 

16 in agriculture, especially women and other small 

17 farmers. 

18 ‘‘(5) Identifying leading educational institutions 

19 uniquely able to serve as regional hubs to promote 

20 the purposes specified in paragraphs (1) through (4) 

21 and promoting cooperation between such institutions 

22 and other educational institutions through regional 

23 networks. 

24 ‘‘(f) ASSISTANCE PLANS.— 


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1 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall 

2 provide assistance under this section pursuant to an 

3 assistance plan developed in coordination with an eli4 gible country that establishes a multi-year plan for 

5 significantly improving agricultural productivity and 

6 investing in rural economies through the strength7 ening of agricultural programs at institutions of 

8 higher education. 

9 ‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—An assistance plan should— 

10 ‘‘(A) take into account the national devel11 opment strategy of the eligible country or the 

12 participation of the eligible country in a re13 gional development strategy; 

14 ‘‘(B) identify an institution of higher edu15 cation for designation as a HECTARE school 

16 that has programs in agricultural sciences; 

17 ‘‘(C) identify the partnership between the 

18 government agencies, including local and re19 gional governments, civil society, farmer organi20 zations, cooperatives, institutions of higher 

21 learning, private entities, multilateral institu22 tions, and nongovernmental organizations; 

23 ‘‘(D) identify appropriate channels for dis24 semination of farming techniques to the field, 

25 especially women and other small farmers; and 


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1 ‘‘(E) identify the plans of the HECTARE 

2 school for— 

3 ‘‘(i) conducting agricultural research 

4 and technology transfer and extension; 

5 ‘‘(ii) strengthening the teaching of ag6 riculture science, including programs 

7 aimed at curriculum, faculty, and students; 

8 ‘‘(iii) improving university administra9 tion; and 

10 ‘‘(iv) establishing methods by which to 

11 engage with other institutions of higher 

12 education to fulfill the purposes of the Pro13 gram. 

14 ‘‘(g) ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES.— 

15 ‘‘(1) CRITERIA.—The Administrator shall, in 

16 consultation with the Board, identify eligible coun17 tries for purposes of this section. Such determina18 tion shall be based, to the maximum extent possible, 

19 upon objective and quantifiable indicators of a coun20 try’s demonstrated commitment to the following: 

21 ‘‘(A) Investments in, and support for, rural 

22 economies, including the protection of private 

23 property rights, the promotion of private sector 

24 growth and sustainable management of natural 


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1 resources, the rights of women, and the well2 being of women and children. 

3 ‘‘(B) Raising agricultural productivity of 

4 small- and medium-sized farms. 

5 ‘‘(C) Alleviating poverty and hunger 

6 among the entire population. 

7 ‘‘(D) Strengthening the system of higher 

8 education with regard to agricultural sciences, 

9 teaching, research, and technology. 

10 ‘‘(E) The wide dissemination of farming 

11 techniques, especially to small- and medium12 sized farmers. 

13 ‘‘(F) Good governance, transparency, and 

14 anti-corruption policies. 

15 ‘‘(2) ADDITIONAL FACTORS.—The Adminis16 trator, in selecting eligible countries, shall con17 sider— 

18 ‘‘(A) the extent to which the country clear19 ly meets or exceeds the eligibility criteria; 

20 ‘‘(B) the opportunity to increase agricul21 tural productivity, enhance human and institu22 tional capacity, and reduce hunger and mal23 nutrition in the country; 

24 ‘‘(C) the availability of funds to carry out 

25 this section; 


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1 ‘‘(D) the percentage of the country’s popu2 lation that faces chronic food insecurity (as de3 fined in section 3 of the Global Food Security 

4 Act of 2009); and 

5 ‘‘(E) the existence of an institution of 

6 higher education in a food secure country that 

7 can serve as a regional hub for assistance to 

8 other schools in need of assistance in countries 

9 experiencing chronic food insecurity (as defined 

10 in section 3 of the Global Food Security Act of 

11 2009). 

12 ‘‘(h) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—Entities eligible for as13 sistance under this section are the following: 

14 ‘‘(1) United States universities working in part15 nership with HECTARE schools in eligible coun16 tries. 

17 ‘‘(2) HECTARE schools and other institutions 

18 of higher education in eligible countries. 

19 ‘‘(3) Nongovernmental organizations or private 

20 entities. 

21 ‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

22 authorized to be appropriated to the President for the pur23 pose of carrying out activities under this section— 

24 ‘‘(1) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; 

25 ‘‘(2) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; 


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1 ‘‘(3) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2012; 

2 ‘‘(4) $400,000,000 for fiscal year 2013; and 

3 ‘‘(5) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2014. 

4 ‘‘(j) DISCLOSURE OF FUNDING RECEIVED BY

5 UNITED STATES UNIVERSITIES.—The Administrator 

6 shall prescribe regulations providing for the utilization by 

7 United States universities of alternative sources of public 

8 and private funding to carry out the purposes of this title 

9 and requiring the disclosure, not less than annually, of all 

10 such alternative funding, both prospective and received. 

11 ‘‘SEC. 299A. ANNUAL REPORT. 

12 ‘‘Not later than September 30, 2011, and annually 

13 thereafter, the President shall submit to Congress a report 

14 detailing the activities carried out under this title during 

15 the preceding fiscal year and containing a projection of 

16 programs and activities to be conducted in the following 

17 year.’’. 

18 TITLE IV—EMERGENCY 

19 RESPONSE TO FOOD CRISES 

20 SEC. 401. EMERGENCY RAPID RESPONSE TO FOOD CRISES 

21 ACCOUNT. 

22 (a) AUTHORITY.—Whenever the President deter23 mines it to be important to the national interest, the Presi24 dent may furnish on such terms and conditions as the 

25 President may determine appropriate assistance under 


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1 this Act or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

2 2151 et seq.) for the purpose of meeting unexpected ur3 gent food assistance and related needs, notwithstanding 

4 any provision of law which restricts assistance to foreign 

5 countries. 

6 (b) ESTABLISHMENT OF ACCOUNT.— 

7 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a 

8 United States Emergency Rapid Response to Food 

9 Crises Fund to carry out the purposes of this section 

10 (in this section referred to as the ‘‘Fund’’). 

11 (2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

12 There are authorized to be appropriated to the 

13 President from time to time such sums as may be 

14 necessary for the Fund to carry out the purposes of 

15 this section, except that no amount of funds may be 

16 appropriated which, when added to amounts pre17 viously appropriated but not yet obligated for such 

18 purpose, would cause the total of such appropriated 

19 amounts to exceed $500,000,000. 

20 (3) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts appro21 priated pursuant to this section shall remain avail22 able until expended. 

23 (c) USE OF FUNDS.—Assistance provided under this 

24 section may include— 


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1 (1) the local and regional purchase and dis2 tribution of food; and 

3 (2) the provision of emergency non-food assist4 ance, including vouchers or cash transfers, safety 

5 net programs, or other appropriate non-food assist6 ance. 

7 (d) LIMITED DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY.—The au8 thority under subsection (a) may be delegated to the Ad9 ministrator, provided that not more than $100,000,000 

10 may be made available in any fiscal year pursuant to de11 terminations made by the Administrator pursuant to the 

12 delegation of such authority. 

13 (e) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.—The Adminis14 trator shall submit a report to the appropriate congres15 sional committees not later than 5 days before providing 

16 assistance pursuant to a determination made under this 

17 section. The report shall describe— 

18 (1) the emergency food and related needs to be 

19 addressed by the assistance; 

20 (2) the population that will receive the aid; and 

21 (3) the amount and type of assistance to be 

22 provided. 


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1 SEC. 402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

2 There is authorized to be appropriated $500,000,000 

3 for fiscal year 2010 for the purpose of carrying out this 

4 title. 

Æ 


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