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[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3086 Introduced in House (IH)]

111th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3086

  To coordinate authorities within the Department of the Interior and 
within the Federal Government to enhance the United States' ability to 
   conserve global wildlife and biological diversity, and for other 
                               purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             June 26, 2009

 Ms. Bordallo introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
  Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committee on 
  Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the 
  Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall 
           within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
  To coordinate authorities within the Department of the Interior and 
within the Federal Government to enhance the United States' ability to 
   conserve global wildlife and biological diversity, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Global Wildlife 
Conservation, Coordination, and Enhancement Act of 2009''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings and purposes.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. Coordination.
Sec. 5. Relationship to other authorities.
TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION 
                           PROGRAM AUTHORITY

     Subtitle A--Institute for International Wildlife Conservation

Sec. 101. Institute for International Wildlife Conservation.
                          Subtitle B--Programs

Sec. 121. Wildlife Without Borders Program.
Sec. 122. Public outreach, education, and wildlife awareness program.
Sec. 123. Center for International Wildlife Recovery Partnerships.
            Subtitle C--Enhancing Stakeholder Participation

Sec. 131. Global Wildlife Conservation Advisory Committee.
Sec. 132. International Wildlife Conservation Fund.
           Subtitle D--Improving Federal Wildlife Enforcement

Sec. 141. Enhancing law enforcement activities.
             TITLE II--GLOBAL WILDLIFE COORDINATION COUNCIL

Sec. 201. Global Wildlife Coordination Council.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The United States' role in confronting international 
        challenges, protecting the environment, expanding opportunities 
        for people, and articulating a vision for global action gives 
        it the opportunity to lead an international wildlife 
        conservation effort. Our Nation has a longstanding commitment 
        of assisting other countries with the conservation of wildlife 
        species. Wildlife conservation resources, including trained 
        wildlife professionals, are often unavailable or highly limited 
        in many foreign range States containing globally important 
        biological resources.
            (2) Conservation activities, in the United States, in 
        neighboring countries in North America and the Western 
        Hemisphere, and overseas, are required to fulfill the Federal 
        Government's obligations under numerous treaties, laws, 
        agreements, and cooperative programs.
            (3) Since 1989, the Secretary of the Interior, through the 
        United States Fish and Wildlife Service, has provided wildlife 
        conservation assistance throughout the world by developing 
        locally adapted wildlife management and conservation programs, 
        in coordination with nongovernmental organizations, 
        governments, private businesses, community leaders, and other 
        stakeholders, in an effort to maintain, recover, and restore 
        global species diversity, habitats, and ecosystems.
            (4) Specifically, the Wildlife Without Borders Program 
        administered by the Service has been responsible for 
        implementation of over 800 conservation projects through public 
        and private partnerships with local government, 
        nongovernmental, and international wildlife organizations 
        around the world that help to address grassroots threats to 
        numerous endangered or threatened wildlife species, habitats 
        and landscapes, and ecosystems. This Program complements other 
        species-specific programs implemented by the Service to 
        conserve global priority wildlife species and to provide 
        education, training, and outreach to strengthen range State 
        capacity for habitat and wildlife conservation throughout the 
        world and serve a key role in facilitating broader 
        international coordination.
            (5) Notwithstanding the benefits of these programs, current 
        international wildlife conservation activities of the Service 
        and the Federal Government, especially technical assistance to 
        range States, capacity building, coordination and information 
        sharing among law enforcement agencies, screening and 
        enforcement of trade restrictions under the Convention on the 
        International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and 
        Flora, and lack of knowledge by the general public regarding 
        the illegal and unsustainable trade in fish and wildlife and 
        the many benefits provided by these resources that contribute 
        to healthy landscapes and ecosystem function, are generally 
        insufficient and in need of improvement and focused attention.
            (6) Although the Secretary is broadly authorized to 
        initiate agreements and partnerships to promote wildlife 
        conservation under the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 (16 U.S.C. 
        742a et seq.), the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
        1531 et seq.), the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (16 
        U.S.C. 661), the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703 et 
        seq.), and other statutes, a specific organic authority 
        recognizing the role of the Secretary in coordinating 
        international wildlife conservation activities within the 
        Federal Government will help efficiency and effectiveness of 
        existing programs, provide for greater collaboration and 
        sharing of resources, and acknowledge and restore international 
        wildlife conservation leadership by the United States.
            (7) The general public is vastly undereducated regarding 
        the importance of species biodiversity, the laws, treaties, and 
        regulations surrounding the sale, purchase, and transportation 
        of wildlife and wildlife products across borders, both 
        international and domestic, associated wildlife and wildlife-
        related human health risks, and the implications, size, and 
        scope of the trade in wildlife and wildlife products. The 
        efforts being made to educate the United States public 
        regarding such matters are, to this point, insufficient and in 
        need of improvement.
            (8) Nongovernmental organizations frequently hold a wealth 
        of knowledge, ability, experience, and expertise in matters 
        relating to the international conservation of wildlife, the 
        zoological and biological sciences associated with species 
        survival, the ecological issues involved with habitat 
        maintenance, wildlife and wildlife-related human health risks, 
        and the education of public audiences on issues dealing with 
        conservation, habitat protection, and threats to wildlife. 
        Establishing formal mechanisms through which the Federal 
        Government can actively partner with those organizations will 
        strengthen and enhance those international conservation efforts 
        undertaken by the Federal Government.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to provide specific authority to the Secretary to 
        coordinate activities within the Department of the Interior to 
        assert international leadership in the active conservation of 
        wildlife species and their habitats;
            (2) to assist range States on a global, regional, or 
        species basis through a comprehensive approach that--
                    (A) builds local, national, and regional wildlife 
                conservation capacity within range States;
                    (B) strengthens strategic landscape and ecosystem-
                level conservation planning;
                    (C) facilitates scientific, technical, and 
                financial assistance to conserve wildlife species and 
                their habitats;
                    (D) bolsters law enforcement and information 
                sharing;
                    (E) strengthens on-the-ground monitoring of 
                wildlife health;
                    (F) enhances long-term public outreach and 
                education opportunities; and
                    (G) enhances opportunities for wildlife 
                rehabilitation and restoration;
            (3) to provide a formal coordinating authority within the 
        Federal Government to promote international wildlife 
        conservation, improve coordination, and develop a cohesive and 
        strategic approach to the implementation of the action strategy 
        developed under title II; and
            (4) to demonstrate the United States' commitment to 
        international wildlife conservation and the preservation of 
        global biological diversity.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Action plan.--The term ``Action Plan'' means the Action 
        Plan created under section 101(d).
            (2) Advisory committee.--The term ``Advisory Committee'' 
        means a Global Wildlife Conservation Advisory Committee 
        established under section 131.
            (3) Capacity building.--The term ``capacity building'' 
        means the active process of developing and strengthening the 
        technical skills, abilities, administrative and management 
        processes, and resources that organizations and communities 
        need to survive, grow, learn, and adapt to variable 
        circumstances to successfully implement and fulfill long-term 
        wildlife conservation initiatives.
            (4) Center.--The term ``Center'' means the Center for 
        International Wildlife Recovery Partnerships established under 
        section 123.
            (5) CITES.--The term ``CITES'' means the Convention on 
        International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and 
        Flora.
            (6) Conservation.--The term ``conservation'' includes--
                    (A) the methods and procedures necessary to bring a 
                species to the point at which there are sufficient 
                populations in the wild to ensure that the species does 
                not become extinct; and
                    (B) all activities associated with protection and 
                management of a species, including--
                            (i) maintenance, management, protection, 
                        and restoration of species habitat;
                            (ii) research and monitoring;
                            (iii) law enforcement;
                            (iv) community outreach and education, both 
                        of the general public and consumers of wildlife 
                        or wildlife products; and
                            (v) strengthening the capacity of local 
                        communities, government agencies, 
                        nongovernmental organizations, and other 
                        stakeholder institutions to implement 
                        conservation programs and activities.
            (7) Council.--The term ``Council'' means the Global 
        Wildlife Coordination Council established under section 201.
            (8) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
            (9) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director'' 
        refers to the head of the Center for International Wildlife 
        Recovery Partnerships, established by section 123 of this Act.
            (10) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the International Fish 
        and Wildlife Conservation Fund established by section 132.
            (11) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the Institute 
        for International Wildlife Conservation established under 
        section 101.
            (12) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the Wildlife 
        Without Borders Program under section 121.
            (13) Range state.--The term ``range State'' means a State 
        any portion of which is within the natural range of 
        distribution of a wildlife species.
            (14) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of the Interior.
            (15) Service.--The term ``Service'' means the United States 
        Fish and Wildlife Service.
            (16) Species.--The term ``species'' includes any subspecies 
        of fish or wildlife or plants, and any distinct population 
        segment of any species of vertebrate fish or wildlife.
            (17) State.--The term ``State'' includes the several 
        States, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the 
        Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and 
        the Virgin Islands.
            (18) Strategic plan.--The term ``Strategic Plan'' means the 
        United States Fish and Wildlife Service's Office of Law 
        Enforcement Strategic Plan 2006-2010.
            (19) Wildlife.--The term ``wildlife'' means any member of 
        the animal kingdom, including, but not limited to, mammals, 
        fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles, mollusks, or arthropods.

SEC. 4. COORDINATION.

    The Secretary may utilize all land, services, equipment, personnel, 
facilities, and resources of the Department of the Interior, its 
bureaus and agencies, in furtherance of the mandates under this Act.

SEC. 5. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER AUTHORITIES.

    Nothing in this Act affects authorities, responsibilities, 
obligations, or powers of the Secretary under any other statute.

TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION 
                           PROGRAM AUTHORITY

     Subtitle A--Institute for International Wildlife Conservation

SEC. 101. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish within the Service 
the Institute for International Wildlife Conservation, which shall 
implement and administer the programs authorized by this title.
    (b) Assistant Director.--The Institute shall be headed by an 
Assistant Director for International Wildlife Conservation, appointed 
by the Secretary from among individuals with appropriate experience and 
education.
    (c) Functions.--The Secretary, through the Institute, shall--
            (1) coordinate international conservation efforts abroad 
        initiated by the Department of the Interior under other 
        provisions of law, including the provision of monetary, 
        technical, and logistical assistance to on-the-ground 
        conservation efforts at the global, regional, and species-
        specific levels in range States;
            (2) enhance wildlife species conservation by focusing 
        efforts on long-term capacity building, conservation education, 
        wildlife health, wildlife adaptation to climate change impacts, 
        and human-wildlife conflict reduction;
            (3) enhance the capabilities of the Institute to work with 
        domestic and international wildlife law enforcement;
            (4) provide a forum for the coordination of Federal, State, 
        local, tribal, and nongovernmental wildlife conservation 
        efforts;
            (5) create and maintain a public education campaign to 
        inform consumers of the laws guiding the buying, selling, and 
        transporting of fish or wildlife and their derivatives, and the 
        global implications of the take of wildlife and the associated 
        wildlife and wildlife-related human health risks; and
            (6) any other functions that the Secretary considers 
        necessary to the promotion of wildlife conservation 
        internationally.
    (d) International Wildlife Conservation Action Plan.--
            (1) In general.--No later than one year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Assistant Director, in consultation 
        with the Director, the head of the Office of Law Enforcement 
        within the Service, and other bureaus or agencies within the 
        Department of the Interior responsible for the conservation of 
        wildlife, shall create, submit to the Committee on Natural 
        Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
        Environment and Public Works of the Senate, and publish in the 
        Federal Register an International Wildlife Conservation Action 
        Plan consistent with the purposes of this Act.
            (2) Goals and objectives.--The Action Plan shall include--
                    (A) a statement of goals and objectives;
                    (B) an implementation schedule, including a 
                description of future priorities to advance 
                international wildlife conservation; and
                    (C) discussion of--
                            (i) an assessment of existing and projected 
                        threats facing global wildlife and their 
                        habitats;
                            (ii) an evaluation of current wildlife 
                        conservation education initiatives in the 
                        United States and an identification of wildlife 
                        conservation educational needs in the United 
                        States;
                            (iii) creation, maintenance, and evaluation 
                        of a wildlife education strategy, including 
                        identification of target audiences and 
                        selection of appropriate educational messages 
                        and types of media to conduct public and 
                        consumer education programs regarding trade in 
                        wildlife and wildlife products;
                            (iv) an assessment of existing wildlife law 
                        enforcement activities and enhancement 
                        strategies for improving international wildlife 
                        law enforcement;
                            (v) an evaluation of the Program, and its 
                        effective utilization and incorporation of 
                        principles of conservation biology and 
                        landscape and ecosystem-level conservation for 
                        long-term efficiency in conservation;
                            (vi) an evaluation of the activities of the 
                        Center;
                            (vii) assessment of the effective, 
                        efficient, and coordinated implementation of 
                        the programs authorized under the Institute;
                            (viii) an assessment of existing 
                        coordination of Federal and non-Federal 
                        responses to address wildlife and wildlife-
                        related human health risks in the United 
                        States; and
                            (ix) other factors considered essential by 
                        the Assistant Director of the Institute.
            (3) Consultation.--The Assistant Director, through the 
        Institute, shall consult with accredited zoos and aquariums, 
        international wildlife organizations, academic institutions, 
        nongovernmental organizations, and other relevant stakeholders 
        with expertise in wildlife conservation regarding the 
        development of the Action Plan.
            (4) Reporting.--Beginning no later than three years after 
        date of enactment of this Act and biennially thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall report to the Committee on Environment and 
        Public Works in the Senate and the Committee on Natural 
        Resources of the House of Representatives on the implementation 
        of the Action Plan.
            (5) Review.--The Assistant Director, through the Institute, 
        shall periodically review and revise the Action Plan as 
        necessary but no less than once every five years.

                          Subtitle B--Programs

SEC. 121. WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, through the Institute, shall carry 
out a Wildlife Without Borders Program to provide international 
wildlife conservation assistance through the initiation, facilitation, 
and promotion of locally adapted wildlife management and conservation 
programs in coordination with nongovernmental organizations, 
governments, private businesses, community leaders, and other 
stakeholders. The Program shall include, but shall not be limited to, 
partnership programs for grassroots capacity building, landscape and 
ecosystem-level conservation planning, applied scientific conservation 
research, wildlife health, wildlife adaptation to climate change 
impacts, application of field methods and procedures, and wildlife 
management training.
    (b) Program Components.--The Program shall include the following 
components:
            (1) Global program.--
                    (A) In general.--A global program, which shall, 
                through programs under the jurisdiction of the 
                Secretary that are implemented through the Service--
                            (i) implement global habitat and 
                        conservation initiatives;
                            (ii) address the international aspects of 
                        global conservation threats, such as climate 
                        change, invasive species, wildlife disease, 
                        habitat conversion, fragmentation and 
                        degradation, and illegal and unsustainable 
                        wildlife trade;
                            (iii) coordinate, to the extent 
                        practicable, with the activities of other 
                        Federal agencies participating in the Council 
                        and those Federal agencies with relevant 
                        wildlife conservation functions;
                            (iv) coordinate, and implement 
                        international treaties, conventions, and 
                        accords on behalf of the Service and in 
                        collaboration with other appropriate Federal 
                        agencies; and
                            (v) assess opportunities for transboundary 
                        conservation initiatives that conserve wildlife 
                        and build managing partnerships.
                    (B) Relationship to other law.--Nothing in this 
                paragraph alters the responsibilities of the Secretary 
                required under section 8 of the Fish and Wildlife Act 
                of 1956 (16 U.S.C. 742g).
            (2) Regional program.--A regional program, which shall--
                    (A) address grassroots conservation problems 
                through, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
                a regional grant program focused on capacity building 
                within regional range States to achieve comprehensive 
                landscape or ecosystem-level fish or wildlife 
                conservation in a manner adapted to the particular 
                needs of a respective range State;
                    (B) facilitate and guide delivery of financial, 
                scientific, and other technical assistance provided by 
                other programs conducted by the Service;
                    (C) develop and implement regional coordination 
                mechanisms necessary to implement treaties, 
                conventions, or accords entered into by the United 
                States under authority delegated to the Secretary to 
                promote international fish or wildlife conservation; 
                and
                    (D) develop and implement a plan to expand existing 
                regional programs in Mexico, Latin America and 
                Caribbean, Russian Far East and Africa to other 
                critical landscapes and wildlife habitat globally such 
                as increased presence in South, Central, East, and 
                Southeast Asia.
            (3) Species program.--A species program, which shall be 
        comprised of administration of the Multinational Species 
        Conservation Funds and programs authorized by--
                    (A) the African Elephant Conservation Act of 1988 
                (16 U.S.C. 4201 et seq.);
                    (B) the Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997 (16 
                U.S.C. 4261 et seq.);
                    (C) the Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Act of 
                1994 (16 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.);
                    (D) the Great Ape Conservation Act of 2000 (16 
                U.S.C. 6301);
                    (E) the Marine Turtle Conservation Act of 2004 (16 
                U.S.C. 6601); and
                    (F) any similar authority provided to the Secretary 
                by laws enacted after the enactment of this Act and 
                implemented by the Service concerning international 
                fish or wildlife conservation.
    (c) Coordination.--The Secretary shall operate the Program 
components authorized under this section in a coordinated fashion to 
ensure efficient and cost-effective implementation.
    (d) Additional Components.--The Secretary may conduct under the 
Program other programs that are authorized by law to be conducted by 
the Secretary, to address new and emerging fish and wildlife needs and 
to fulfill the purposes of this Act as the Secretary considers 
appropriate.
    (e) Acceptance and Use of Donations.--In administering the Program, 
the Secretary may accept donations of funds, gifts, and in-kind 
contributions and use such donations for capacity building, grants, and 
other on-the-ground uses carried out by the Program components 
authorized under subsection (b).
    (f) Multiyear Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into 
multiyear cooperative agreements with the heads of other Federal 
agencies, range States, territories, other freely associated States, 
tribal governments, local governments, academic institutions, and 
nongovernmental organizations to carry out the activities authorized 
under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) or to otherwise fulfill 
the purposes of this Act.

SEC. 122. PUBLIC OUTREACH, EDUCATION, AND WILDLIFE AWARENESS PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, through the Institute, shall 
develop and conduct a multifaceted program to broadly engage the 
general public and target audiences to increase public understanding 
and appreciation of--
            (1) global wildlife resources and biodiversity;
            (2) the threats confronting wildlife populations globally; 
        and
            (3) activities that can be undertaken to address habitat 
        loss and fragmentation, illegal and unsustainable trade in 
        wildlife and wildlife products, wildlife health, climate 
        change, and other threats identified by the Secretary.
    (b) Educational Outreach Program.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop and 
        implement an educational outreach program to increase public 
        awareness of United States consumers concerning the importance 
        of international wildlife conservation and the threats of the 
        illegal and unsustainable consumption and trade of wildlife 
        resources and associated wildlife and wildlife-related human 
        health risks.
            (2) Guidelines.--The Secretary shall publish in the Federal 
        Register guidelines for the program.
            (3) Program components.--The program shall include the 
        following:
                    (A) Development of educational materials general.--
                The Secretary shall publish and disseminate public 
                information regarding--
                            (i) laws governing the consumption and 
                        trade of fish or wildlife or wildlife products, 
                        in particular laws prohibiting the trade of 
                        endangered species of wildlife and wildlife 
                        products;
                            (ii) the importance of international 
                        wildlife conservation; and
                            (iii) the global implications of species 
                        and biodiversity loss.
                    (B) Distribution of educational materials.--The 
                Secretary, through the Institute, shall disseminate 
                educational materials in a way that--
                            (i) targets vendors, transporters, and 
                        consumers of legal and illegal wildlife 
                        products, in particular heavily trafficked 
                        ports of tourist embarkation and return, live 
                        or wet markets in range States where there are 
                        wildlife or wildlife-related human health 
                        risks, businesses and commercial enterprises 
                        legally licensed to sell fish or wildlife 
                        products, and businesses and commercial 
                        enterprises potentially involved in the 
                        movement of fish, wildlife, or wildlife 
                        products;
                            (ii) utilizes a variety of media sources, 
                        including but not limited to Internet, radio, 
                        television, and print publications; and
                            (iii) broadly disseminates information 
                        regarding international wildlife conservation, 
                        with content and distribution specifically 
                        designed to target conservation issues at the 
                        global, regional, and country-specific levels.
                    (C) Eligible partners for education development.--
                The Secretary may enter into agreements with Federal, 
                State, tribal, and local wildlife conservation 
                organizations with expertise in international wildlife 
                conservation education to develop and disseminate 
                education programs on species conservation, natural 
                resource adaptation to climate change, wildlife 
                trafficking, and wildlife and wildlife-related human 
                health risks in accordance with this subsection.
                    (D) Monitoring program.--The Secretary may support, 
                promote, and coordinate research on, and long-term 
                monitoring of, the development and distribution of 
                educational materials authorized under this title. Such 
                activities shall--
                            (i) study the effectiveness of the content 
                        of educational materials in deterring the 
                        illegal and unsustainable trade of fish, 
                        wildlife, and wildlife products, and in 
                        informing traders and consumers of the laws 
                        governing the trade in fish, wildlife, and 
                        wildlife products, associated wildlife and 
                        wildlife-related human health risks, the 
                        implications of global species loss, and the 
                        importance of international conservation;
                            (ii) study the effectiveness of 
                        distribution tactics designed to provide 
                        educational resources to key audiences, 
                        including strategic placement in areas heavily 
                        trafficked by tourists, consumers, and traders 
                        in fish, wildlife, and their derivatives;
                            (iii) develop and test methods to enhance 
                        the global understanding of international fish 
                        and wildlife conservation; and
                            (iv) update educational information 
                        biannually, based upon new research, 
                        conservation efforts, and regulatory changes.
            (4) Consultation and coordination.--In conducting, 
        supporting, and coordinating the education programs authorized 
        under this section, the Secretary shall consult or coordinate 
        with Federal, State, interstate, tribal, regional agencies, 
        private and nongovernmental organizations, including academic 
        institutions, accredited zoos and aquariums, international 
        wildlife conservation organizations, and the Advisory 
        Committee, to the extent practicable.
    (c) International Wildlife Conservation Fellowships.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide fellowships 
        for graduate and postgraduate level United States and foreign 
        students engaged in advanced degree programs concerning 
        conservation biology, zoology, ecology, animal care science, 
        natural resource management, education, sociology, economics, 
        and law related to fish and wildlife conservation, to provide 
        expertise and policy experience in the Federal Government in 
        the United States and in foreign countries.
            (2) Objectives.--In awarding fellowships under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary shall seek to achieve, with respect to 
        international wildlife conservation, the following educational 
        and training objectives:
                    (A) Provide qualified graduate and postgraduate 
                level individuals opportunities for participation in 
                the policy process within the Federal Government.
                    (B) Provide the Federal Government with specific 
                expertise in conservation biology, zoology, ecology, 
                animal care science, natural resource management, 
                education, sociology, economics, and law related to 
                fish and wildlife conservation to aid in the effective 
                implementation of the Action Plan.
                    (C) Provide fellows with international wildlife 
                conservation experience, if appropriate.
                    (D) Encourage fellows to contribute to capacity 
                building and partnerships in other nations.
            (3) Guidelines for award of fellowships.--The fellowships 
        shall be awarded pursuant to guidelines established by the 
        Secretary in consultation with the Council.
            (4) Term of fellowships.--A fellowship under this 
        subsection shall be for a period of not more than one year with 
        the possibility of renewal.
            (5) Equal access.--The Secretary shall strive to ensure 
        equal access for minority and economically disadvantaged 
        students to participate in the fellowship program carried out 
        under this subsection.
            (6) Administration.--The Director, through the Office of 
        International Affairs, shall administer fellowships awarded 
        under this subsection.
            (7) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--To carry out this subsection there 
                is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
                $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 through 2014.
                    (B) Use for administrative costs.--Of amounts 
                available to carry out this subsection each fiscal 
                year, no more than 5 percent may be expended on 
                administrative costs.

SEC. 123. CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE RECOVERY PARTNERSHIPS.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
Institute a Center for International Wildlife Recovery Partnerships. 
The purpose of the Center shall be to--
            (1) complement wildlife conservation activities undertaken 
        by governmental agencies outside of the United States, by 
        utilizing the professional and technical expertise of partner 
        institutions;
            (2) enhance coordination and cooperation between 
        governmental agencies and nongovernmental stakeholders with 
        expertise in international wildlife conservation;
            (3) facilitate, when necessary, long-term investment in 
        captive breeding, reintroduction, rehabilitation, release, 
        habitat protection, and research activities concerning wildlife 
        species listed as threatened species or endangered species 
        under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
        seq.) or listed on either Appendix I or II of CITES, and 
        species listed on the Red List of the International Union for 
        the Conservation of Nature;
            (4) provide technical assistance to support research and 
        the public education, outreach, and wildlife awareness 
        activities of the Institute in coordination with accredited 
        zoos and aquariums, and other governmental and nongovernmental 
        organizations with a proven record of providing conservation 
        education;
            (5) assess opportunities for restoration of transboundary 
        migratory species and undertake necessary planning accordingly; 
        and
            (6) fulfill the purposes of this Act.
    (b) Executive Director.--The Director shall appoint an Executive 
Director to manage the operations and activities of the Center, who 
shall be qualified by reason of scientific education and experience and 
knowledgeable in the principles of fisheries and wildlife management. 
The Executive Director shall be accountable to the Assistant Director 
of the Institute and provide regular evaluations of the implementation 
of this section and the activities conducted under subsection (c).
    (c) Program Activities.--To fulfill the purposes of this section, 
the Center shall conduct the following activities:
            (1) International wildlife research.--The Center shall 
        develop and implement, in consultation with the scientific 
        community, including accredited zoos and aquariums, an 
        international research program that shall focus on the areas of 
        captive animal care and propagation, orphaned and injured 
        animal rehabilitation and release, species reintroduction, and 
        population management.
            (2) Wildlife conservation and reintroduction.--The Center, 
        in cooperation with Federal and non-Federal wildlife management 
        agencies and local, regional, and international wildlife 
        conservation organizations, shall provide animal care, 
        technical, and zoological assistance to--
                    (A) identify members of endangered wildlife species 
                that are candidates for rehabilitation and 
                reintroduction into the wild; and
                    (B) utilize its expertise and facilities to 
                rehabilitate endangered species and reintroduce those 
                species in the wild.
            (3) Public education.--The Center, through its partner 
        institutions, and in coordination with accredited zoos and 
        aquariums, shall disseminate and make available to the public 
        information regarding the importance of biological diversity, 
        species conservation and survival strategies, the functions of 
        this Center, and other related information.
            (4) International coordination.--The Center, through its 
        partner institutions and other stakeholders with expertise in 
        international wildlife conservation, shall provide biennial 
        assessments of the role of the United States in international 
        wildlife conservation, including--
                    (A) captive breeding and rehabilitation;
                    (B) species reintroduction efforts; and
                    (C) implementation of strategies and actions to 
                promote conservation of species that are listed as 
                threatened species or endangered species under the 
                Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
                seq.), species listed on either Appendix I or II of 
                CITES, and species listed on the Red List of the 
                International Union for Conservation of Nature, 
                including efforts to expand collaboration and 
                information sharing with other zoological and 
                conservation organizations internationally, to the 
                extent practicable.
            (5) Training.--The Center, to the extent practicable, and 
        in coordination with partner institutions, shall make its 
        facilities, resources, and scientific expertise available for 
        the training of future generations of zoological experts, 
        conservation leaders, natural resource managers, and wildlife 
        decisionmakers.
    (d) Agreements.--The Executive Director of the Center, subject to 
the approval of the Director and the Assistant Director, may enter into 
agreements with partner institutions to establish wildlife conservation 
programs, share zoological facilities and expertise, and coordinate 
public outreach and education efforts to fulfill the purposes of this 
section.
    (e) Emergency Rehabilitation and Recovery Grants.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Center may conduct a grant program to 
        provide grants to eligible partner institutions for 
        reimbursements of costs for the holding, care, and 
        rehabilitation of illegal fish and wildlife seized by Federal 
        or State law enforcement authorities.
            (2) Application.--To receive a grant under this section, a 
        partner institution shall submit an application in such form 
        and manner as the Center may prescribe.
            (3) Consultation.--The Executive Director shall consult 
        with individuals who represent public and private organizations 
        that are actively involved in orphaned and injured animal 
        rehabilitation and release regarding the development of 
        criteria for the implementation of the grant program and the 
        awarding of grants under the program.
            (4) Limitation.--The amount of a grant under this section 
        shall not exceed $100,000.
            (5) Matching requirement.--
                    (A) In general.--The non-Federal share of the costs 
                of an activity conducted with a grant under this 
                section shall be 25 percent of such costs.
                    (B) In-kind contributions.--The Executive Director 
                may apply to the non-Federal share of an activity 
                conducted with a grant under this section the amount of 
                funds, and the fair market value of property and 
                services, provided by non-Federal sources and used for 
                the activity.
            (6) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--To carry out this subsection there 
                is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
                $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2010 through 2014.
                    (B) Use for administrative costs.--Of amounts 
                available to carry out this subsection each fiscal 
                year, no more than 5 percent may be expended on 
                administrative costs.
    (f) Partner Institution Defined.--In this section, the term 
``partner institution'' means a facility, institution, or organization 
that--
            (1) operates a professionally accredited zoological 
        facility or aquarium;
            (2) retains professional animal care personnel, biologists, 
        conservation biologists, zoologists, animal care scientists, 
        animal behavioralists, ecologists, and other experts with 
        technical knowledge of the zoological and animal behavioral 
        sciences necessary to conduct conservation activities including 
        species propagation and rehabilitation, captive breeding, 
        zoological research, and wildlife reintroduction;
            (3) has under its control sufficient land holdings to 
        maintain captive wildlife species in a freerange condition; or
            (4) has demonstrated capabilities to conduct effective 
        outreach and education programs and activities to increase 
        awareness and appreciation of wildlife conservation within the 
        general public.

            Subtitle C--Enhancing Stakeholder Participation

SEC. 131. GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) In General.--The Assistant Director may establish a Global 
Wildlife Conservation Advisory Committee to advise and make 
recommendations to the Secretary regarding the creation, maintenance, 
and coordination of international wildlife conservation programs 
authorized under this title.
    (b) Guidelines.--The Secretary shall publish in the Federal 
Register guidelines for the Advisory Committee.
    (c) Purpose.--The purpose of the Advisory Committee shall be to 
advise the Assistant Director on--
            (1) the administration, management, and coordination of 
        international wildlife conservation efforts authorized under 
        this title;
            (2) the effectiveness and cost efficiency of the 
        implementation of the programs authorized under this title;
            (3) future expansion of international conservation efforts; 
        and
            (4) any other purpose identified as appropriate and 
        necessary by the Assistant Director.
    (d) Membership.--Members of the Advisory Committee shall be 
qualified by education, training, and experience and may be appointed 
by the Assistant Director from among--
            (1) individuals employed by Federal or State agencies who 
        have expertise in international wildlife conservation; natural 
        resources management; wildlife health; international relations, 
        public policy, sociology, economics, and law related to fish 
        and wildlife conservation; law enforcement; or border 
        protection; and
            (2) representatives of public and private organizations who 
        have expertise in the conservation of wildlife internationally, 
        global wildlife trade, wildlife law enforcement, natural 
        resource management, wildlife health, wildlife education, or 
        zoological studies.
    (e) Staffing and Assistance.--The Secretary may make available to 
the Advisory Committee any staff, information, administrative services, 
or assistance the Secretary determines is reasonably required to enable 
the Advisory Committee to carry out its functions.
    (f) Public Participation and Procedural Matters.--The Advisory 
Committee shall conduct its business meetings in accordance with the 
following requirements:
            (1) Meetings.--The Advisory Committee shall--
                    (A) meet at least twice per year;
                    (B) conduct each meeting of the Advisory Committee 
                open to the public; and
                    (C) provide, at each meeting, an opportunity for 
                interested persons to present oral or written 
                statements concerning items on the agenda.
            (2) Notice.--The Advisory Committee shall publish timely 
        notice of each meeting of the Advisory Committee, including the 
        time, place, and agenda of the meeting, locally and in the 
        Federal Register.
            (3) Minutes.--The Secretary shall keep minutes of each 
        meeting of the Advisory Committee and make such minutes 
        available to the public.
    (g) Reporting.--The Advisory Committee shall report to the 
Assistant Director every year with an evaluation of the implementation 
of this Act and the programs authorized therein.
    (h) Exemption From Federal Advisory Committee Act.--The Federal 
Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Advisory 
Committee.

SEC. 132. INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION FUND.

    (a) Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury a 
        separate account, which shall be known as the International 
        Wildlife Conservation Fund.
            (2) Contents.--The Fund shall consist of--
                    (A) donations, gifts, and contributions received by 
                the Secretary for international wildlife conservation; 
                and
                    (B) such amounts as are appropriated to the 
                Secretary for conserving wildlife internationally.
            (3) Restriction on use of funds.--Amounts in this Fund 
        shall not be used to support the Wildlife Without Borders 
        Program or to supplement funds made available for the 
        Multinational Species Conservation Funds.
            (4) Use.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B) and 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, the 
                Secretary may use amounts in the Fund to further the 
                purposes of this Act, including--
                            (i) to provide financial, technical, and 
                        other assistance to conserve fish and wildlife 
                        in their range States, educate the public about 
                        the importance of international wildlife 
                        conservation, coordinate conservation efforts 
                        internationally, and otherwise enhance and 
                        fulfill the purposes of this Act;
                            (ii) to increase interagency coordination 
                        to streamline first response tactics in the 
                        case of illegal fish or wildlife seizures and 
                        suspected illegal activity involving fish or 
                        wildlife or wildlife products, associated 
                        wildlife and wildlife-related human health 
                        risks and to support the Global Wildlife 
                        Coordination Council as authorized by this Act;
                            (iii) to support the programs, grants, and 
                        projects authorized under this Act;
                            (iv) to strengthen wildlife law enforcement 
                        capabilities in the United States and build 
                        partnerships with local government and foreign 
                        nations to strengthen on-the-ground wildlife 
                        law enforcement capacity;
                            (v) to enhance public and consumer 
                        awareness of the importance of international 
                        wildlife conservation;
                            (vi) to enhance nongovernmental 
                        participation and coordination in furthering 
                        global fish and wildlife conservation efforts; 
                        and
                            (vii) to further the purposes of the 
                        Advisory Committee.
                    (B) Administration.--Of amounts in the Fund 
                available for each fiscal year, the Secretary may 
                expend not more than 3 percent, or up to $150,000, 
                whichever is greater, to administer the Fund.
    (b) Acceptance and Use of Donations.--The Secretary may accept and 
use monetary donations, gifts, and in-kind contributions for capacity 
building, grants, and other on-the-ground uses to further the purposes 
of this Act. Amounts received by the Secretary in the form of monetary 
donations or gifts shall be transferred to the Secretary of the 
Treasury for deposit into the Fund.
    (c) Non-Federal Match Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        total amount of Federal funds expended for any international 
        fish and wildlife conservation grant or project may not exceed 
        50 percent of the total cost of such project. The non-Federal 
        share of such project costs may be provided by in-kind 
        contributions and other noncash support.
            (2) Waiver.--The Assistant Director may waive all or part 
        of the matching requirement under paragraph (1) for a project 
        if the Assistant Director determines that no reasonable means 
        are available through which applicants can meet the matching 
        requirement for the project and the probable benefit of such 
        project outweighs the public interest in such matching 
        requirement.
    (d) Administration.--The Secretary may enter into an agreement with 
the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to promote international fish 
and wildlife conservation. The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, 
established under the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 
Establishment Act (16 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), shall receive, hold, and 
administer funds received by the Secretary pursuant to this section. 
The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation shall invest, reinvest, and 
otherwise administer the Fund to support partnerships between the 
public and private sectors that further the purposes of this Act. 
Amounts received by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation under 
this subsection may be used for matching, in whole or in part, 
contributions (whether in money, services, or property) made to the 
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation by private persons and State and 
local government agencies.

           Subtitle D--Improving Federal Wildlife Enforcement

SEC. 141. ENHANCING LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, through the Service, shall 
implement activities to strengthen and enhance the Service's efforts, 
through its Office of Law Enforcement, to strengthen Federal 
authorities regarding the conservation of wildlife and the interstate 
and international trade in wildlife in furtherance of this Act and 
consistent with the Strategic Plan.
    (b) Revisions to the Strategic Plan.--The Secretary, through the 
Service and the Office of Law Enforcement, and no later than three 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, shall revise the 
Strategic Plan to compliment, where applicable, the policies and 
initiatives of this Act. The revised Strategic Plan shall include as 
objectives the following elements:
            (1) A plan to increase, both domestically and abroad, 
        cooperative law enforcement, to enhance information sharing, 
        and to build greater collaboration, where practicable, in the 
        conduct of investigations.
            (2) Action to expand outreach and education efforts 
        designed to increase compliance with, and knowledge of, Federal 
        and international wildlife laws.
            (3) Development and implementation of necessary tools to 
        participate in international wildlife database systems, share 
        and collect information with other international law 
        enforcement agencies regarding international wildlife crimes, 
        and develop, in collaboration with other Federal and 
        international law enforcement agencies, a consolidated wildlife 
        crime database to be maintained and utilized for international 
        and domestic wildlife crimefighting activities.
            (4) Strengthening and investing in the National Fish and 
        Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, and the Office of Law 
        Enforcement's Intelligence Unit.
            (5) A plan for the projected hiring and training needs for 
        law enforcement personnel as necessary to fulfill the purposes 
        of this Act.
            (6) Estimates for a capital procurement program to build or 
        acquire new facilities and equipment as necessary.
            (7) Development of a wildlife cybercrime unit to 
        investigate illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade and other 
        wildlife-related crimes that occur on the Internet or through 
        other electronic means.
            (8) A plan to develop training initiatives for capacity 
        building in range States, to improve international law 
        enforcement cooperation and to reduce human-wildlife conflict 
        and associated wildlife and wildlife-related human health 
        risks, both domestically and abroad.
            (9) Any other activities considered necessary by the 
        Secretary to fulfill the purposes of this Act.
    (c) Reporting.--
            (1) Reports to secretary.--The Chief of Law Enforcement of 
        the Office of Law Enforcement shall report to the Secretary on 
        a regular basis on the implementation and effectiveness of the 
        activities carried out pursuant to subsection (b) to improve 
        wildlife conservation and law enforcement internationally.
            (2) Inclusion in biennial reports.--The Secretary shall 
        include a detailed discussion of the activities carried out 
        under this section as part of the biennial report required 
        under section 101(d).
    (d) Donations.--The Secretary, through the Director, may accept and 
receive donations, gifts, and other contributions in the form of 
tactical supplies, equipment, and financial aid on a reimbursable or 
nonreimbursable basis to carry out activities pursuant to subsection 
(b).
    (e) Authority Not Effected.--Nothing in this Act lessens or 
diminishes the authority granted to the Service under subsections (a) 
through (d) and (k) of section 3 of the Fish and Wildlife Improvement 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 742l).

             TITLE II--GLOBAL WILDLIFE COORDINATION COUNCIL

SEC. 201. GLOBAL WILDLIFE COORDINATION COUNCIL.

    (a) Establishment.--There is hereby established the Global Wildlife 
Coordination Council.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Council shall be to lead, 
coordinate, and strengthen Federal Government actions to better assist 
and collaborate with other nations to preserve, protect, conserve, and 
manage international wildlife resources and their habitats.
    (c) Duties.--The Council shall--
            (1) coordinate, in cooperation with other nations, 
        territories, freely associated States, commonwealths, tribal 
        and local governments, and academic and nongovernmental 
        partners if appropriate, Federal agency activities regarding 
        monitoring and surveying, management, research, conservation, 
        restoration, or recovery of global wildlife populations and 
        their habitats;
            (2) monitor and coordinate Federal agency responsibilities 
        to fulfill the policies and United States obligations under 
        CITES or other international obligations;
            (3) assess the role of the United States regarding 
        international trade in wildlife and wildlife products, the 
        activities of Federal agencies to enforce trade restrictions 
        and regulations, and the effects of the demand for wildlife 
        products created by United States consumers on the protection 
        of global wildlife resources and maintenance of global 
        biodiversity; and
            (4) encourage implementation of appropriate strategies and 
        actions by Federal agencies, consistent with existing Federal 
        laws and regulations, to promote the long-term protection, 
        conservation, management, and sustainable use of wildlife 
        resources worldwide.
    (d) Membership.--The Council shall be comprised of the following 
members or their representatives:
            (1) The Secretary, who shall be the chairperson of the 
        Council.
            (2) The Secretary of State.
            (3) The Secretary of Commerce.
            (4) The Secretary of Defense.
            (5) The Secretary of the Army, acting through the Corps of 
        Engineers.
            (6) The Secretary of Homeland Security.
            (7) The Secretary of Agriculture.
            (8) The Administrator of the Agency for International 
        Development.
            (9) The Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
        Agency.
            (10) The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
            (11) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
            (12) The Chair of the White House Council of Environmental 
        Quality.
    (e) Responsibilities of Federal Agency Members.--The members of the 
Council shall--
            (1) identify the actions of their agencies that may affect, 
        positively or negatively, global wildlife resources and their 
        habitats;
            (2) utilize the programs and authorities of their agencies, 
        consistent with existing missions and authority, to protect and 
        enhance the conditions of such resources and fulfill the 
        purposes of this Act; and
            (3) assist in the implementation of the global wildlife 
        action strategy developed under subsection (g) of this section, 
        projects initiated or funded by the Secretary pursuant to 
        section 101, and any other coordinated efforts approved by the 
        Council.
    (f) Chairperson.--
            (1) Duties.--The chairperson of the Council shall 
        administer performance of the functions of the Council and 
        facilitate coordination and communication among Council 
        members.
            (2) Working groups.--The chairperson may establish working 
        groups as necessary to meet the purposes of this Act. The 
        Council may request the chairperson to establish such a working 
        group.
            (3) Participation by nongovernmental organizations.--The 
        chairperson shall invite nongovernmental organizations or 
        academic institutions to participate in such working groups.
    (g) Global Wildlife Action Strategy.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary, on behalf of the Council, 
        shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House 
        of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public 
        Works of the Senate and publish in the Federal Register a 
        global wildlife action strategy developed by the Council and 
        consistent with the purposes of this Act. The Secretary, in 
        consultation with the Council, shall periodically review and 
        revise the action strategy as necessary.
            (2) Goals and objectives.--The action strategy shall 
        include a statement of goals and objectives and an 
        implementation plan, including a description of the funds 
        required to be obligated each year by the Secretary, from 
        amounts made available by the International Wildlife 
        Conservation Fund, to advance international wildlife 
        conservation in accordance with the action strategy. The action 
        strategy and implementation plan shall include discussion of--
                    (A) existing and projected threats facing global 
                wildlife and their habitats;
                    (B) an assessment of existing international 
                wildlife conservation programs within the Federal 
                Government and recommendations to improve their 
                effectiveness, efficiency, and collaboration with other 
                governmental and nongovernmental wildlife conservation 
                activities;
                    (C) identification of priorities for a long-term, 
                sustained commitment by the United States to 
                international wildlife conservation;
                    (D) components necessary to initiate and sustain 
                capacity building for effective wildlife conservation 
                in foreign nations, including surveys and monitoring, 
                ecological and biological research, wildlife 
                management, and other components;
                    (E) an assessment of illegal and unsustainable 
                trade in wildlife and wildlife products and associated 
                wildlife and wildlife-related human health risks, and 
                steps necessary to improve coordination and 
                administration, technical assistance, information 
                sharing, and screening and interdiction activities 
                among law enforcement agencies to prevent that trade;
                    (F) utilization and incorporation of principles of 
                conservation biology and landscape and ecosystem-level 
                conservation to guide long-term planning to maintain 
                biodiversity;
                    (G) identification of target audiences and 
                selection of appropriate types of media to conduct 
                public and consumer education programs regarding trade 
                in wildlife and wildlife products; and
                    (H) other factors considered essential by the 
                Secretary and the Council.
            (3) Consultation.--The Secretary and the Council may 
        consult with foreign governments, academic institutions, and 
        nongovernmental organizations in the development of the action 
        strategy.
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