602 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 12, 

ByMr.W. J. STONE, ofKentucky: Petition of B. H. Stovall, ofBa1-

lard County, Kentucky, for relief-to the Committee on Claims . 

.Also, petition of 1\I. H. Carson, of Livingst-On County, Kentucky, for 

relief-to the Committee on War Claims. 

.Also, petition of Andrew Dodkin, of Kentucky, for relief-to the same committee. 

Also, petition and memorinl of .A. Bradshaw, of McCracken County, 

Kentuc1.."Y.-to the same committee . .Also, papers relating to the claim of Timothy Carny, of Graves 

County, Kentucky, for relief-to the same committee. 

Also, petition of William Futrell, for relief-tothe same committee. 

Also, petition of James A. Briggs, executor of C. M. Briggs, forpayment of cotton claim_..:.to the same committee. 

Also, petition and papers for relief of A. Gates Lee-to the same com- mittee. 

Also, petition and papers for the relief of John M. Higgins-to the same committee. 

By :rtfr. STORM: Petition of William H. Nevil, for a pellsion-tothe 

Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

ByMr.STRAIT: ResolutionsofSaintPaul (Minn.) ChamberofCommarce, urging the extension of the Signal Service and for the relief of 

exporters of tin cases-to the Committee on !filitary Affairs. 

By Mr. MATSON: Of Samuel Wallingford and 57 others, citizens of 

Monroe County, ~. • By lli. MORRILL: Of D. Percival and 63 others. 

By Mr. PETERS: Of citizens ofBurton, Kans . By Mr. PLUMB: OfW. C. Wieth, jr., and 204 others, citizens of Lincoln, Logan County, lllinois, and of L. W. Ritchie and 419 others, citi- zens of same place. 

By lfr. RYAN: OfR. E. Kirkpatrick and others, citizens ofKansas. 

SENATE. 

TUESD.A.Y, Janua1·y 12, 1886. 

Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. E. D. HUNTLEY, D. D. 

The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. 

NA.MIXG A PRESIDING OFFICER. 

The PRESIDENT pro' tempore. The occupant of the chair desires to 

be absent from the Senate after to-day during the remainder of this 

week, and asks the consent of the Senate to substitute in his place the 

Senator from Connecticut [Mr. HAWLEY]. Is there objection? The 

Chair hears none, and that substitution will be made. Also, resolutions of the Minneapolis ( linn.) Board ofTrade, urging 

that silver coinage be suspended-to the Committ.eeonCoinage, Weights, PETITIOXS AKD 1\IIDIORIALS. 

and Measures. Mr.liA.RRISON presented the petition of A. B. Hunter and 15 others, 

By lli. SWOPE: Petition of Elias Sheads, of Gettysburg, Pa., ask- citizens of Franklin, Ind., praying for the passage of a law protecting 

ing for a pension-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. women in all the States and Territories in the enjoyme~t of the right 

By :rtfr. SYMES: Resolutions of the Denver (Colo.) Chamber of Com- of suffrage on equal terms with men; which was referred to the Select merce and Board of Trade, protesting against discontinuance of custom- Committee on Woman Suffrage. 

house at Denver-to the Committee on Commerce. He also presented the petition of G. A. Campbell Pot, No. 338, Grand 

By Mr. J. :rtf. TAYLOR: Petition of :rtf. M. Ashcroft, heir of. :Mrs. Army of the Republic, Department of Indiana, praying for the enactF. E. Purdy; of .A. B. Goodwin, of James W. Reid, of John Deaton, ment of a law granting a service pension to all soldiers and sailors of 

and of A. L. ;Barron, that their several claims be referred to the Court the late war, and for other favorable legislation; which was referred to 

of Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. the Committee on Pensions. 

ByM:r. TOWNSHEND: PetitionofcitizensofHamiltonConnty,Tili- :rtfr. DAWES presented a petition of the bar of Fort Smith, Ark., 

nois, praying that a pension be granted Calvin M. McBroom-to the praying for the passage of a bill enlarging the jurisdiction of the United 

Committee on Invalid Pensions. States district court at that place; which was referred to the CommitBy ~fr. Y AN EATON: Papers relating to the claim of Elijah Patrick, tee on Indian Affairs. 

executrix of Dr. J. C. Patrick, of LQuisiana-to the Committee on War Mr. WALTHALL. I present a petition of sundry citizens of UisClaims. · sissippi, praying for the repeal of the law providing for the coinage of 

By Mr. Y AN SCHAICK: ·Memorial of Chamber of Commerce of :rtfil- not less than two millions per month of standard silver dollar. As 

waukee, Wis., for the suspension of silver coinage-to the Committee there is nothing on the face of the petition to show from what quarter on Coinage, Weights, a~d Measures. · it comes, I will state that it is signed by substantial b118iness men of 

Also, petition of Bernard McKenna, for a pension-to the Committee West Point, Miss. In presenting it, howe>-er, I desire to state that I on Invalid Pensions. do not concur in the views expressed by the petitioners. I move that 

By ~Ir. WADSWORTH: Petition from the citizens of Big Sandy Y al- the petition be referred to the CQmmittee on Finance. 

ley, for appropriations to continue_the work on that river-to the Com- The motion was agreed to. 

mittee on Rivers and Harbors. Mr. GORMAN· presented the petition of A. Y asbury aad others, citiBy Mr. WILLIAM WARNER: Papers relating to the claim of Lizzie zens of Maryland, and the petition of D. Annan, Henry Shriver, and 

Hamilton, administratrix of Charles D. Hamilton, of Claiborne others, citizens of Maryland, praying for the passage of an act to sus- County, Mississippi-to the Committee on War Claims. pend the coinage of the standard silver dollar; which were referred to 

By Mr. WHEELER: Papers relating to the claim of Robel't Phillips, the Committee on Finance. 

of Lauderdale, Ala.-to the same committee. · He also presented the petition of Frederick C. ~Hiler, of Baltimore, 

By Mr. MILO WHITE: Papers relative to pension of Maj. J. W. Md., praying for the pa...~e of an act to enable him to obtain anAmerBnrch-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · . ican register for his steamship, the Caroline Miller; which wasreferred 

Also, resolutions of Minneapolis (Minn.) Board of Trade, relative to to the Committee on Commerce. 

the improvement of Sault Ste. Marie Canal and Hay Lake Channel-to Mr. BROWN. I present a memorial of the Legislature of Georgia, in 

the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. reference to what is known as the Trezevant claim. 

By :rtfr. WILLIS: Petition of Otter & Co. and sundry others, mer- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The memorial will be read. chants of Louisville, Ky., asking the appointment of commissioners to The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

confer with Canada touching the fishery interest--to the Committee A resolution concerning the collection of the Treze.ant claim. 

on Foreign Affairs. · Whereas the Congress of the United States did, on the- day of - ,1883, p s 

Also, petition of M:essta. Weissenger and Bale, of Louisville, Ky., for an act appropriating to the State of Georgia. the sum of 835,555 in payment of 

amendment of section 3357 of the Revised Statutes-to the Committee th{Vi~~:~~~t:r!: h:'!ot been paid to the State, but has been placed to the 

on Ways and Means. · credit of the State on a del:IllUld against the Stato, which is not recognized by 

Also, articles of association of the American College for the Blind- the State of Georgia: Now, therefore, 

to tbe Committee on the District of Colombia. JJe it resolved by the house of representatives of the State of Grorgia (the senate con.- eumna), That our Senators and Representatives in the Congress of the United Also, petition of Emma Coleman, widow of Milton J. Coleman, for States be, and they are hereby, earnestly urged and requested to use all means 

a pension-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. in their power to ha.ve the appropriation bill referred to so amended, or to have 

By Mr. WINANS: Petition and papers of Eliza Silsby, for relief-to such an act passed, as will insure the payment of said sum to the State of Georgia., justly due to the State, in lawful money1 as soon as po ible. 

the Committee on Claims. 2. Besol:1:ed, That a copy of this resolution, properly certified, be ent from the 

By Mr. WOODBURN: Petition of citizens of Nevada, for restoration office of the secretary of state to each Senator and Repr entative in Congress 

of the tariff of 1867 on foreign wool-to Committee on Ways and Means. from this State so soon as the Congress convenes. WM. A. LITTLE, 

The following petitions, praying Congress to place the coinage of silver 

upon an equality with gold; that there be issued coin certificates of one, 

two, and five dollars, the same being made legal tender; that one and 

two dollar legal-tender notes be issued, and that the public debt be paid 

as rapidly as possible by applying for this purpose the idle surplus now in the Treasury, were presented and severally referred to the Committee on Coinage, Weights,.and Measures: 

By Mr. DA YENPORT: Of citizens of Dresden, N. Y. 

By Mr. FLEEGER: Of citizens of Meadville, Pa. . By Mr. HATCH: Ofcitizens"ofMercyville and ofQneen City, Mo. 

By1tfr. HILL: Of D. H. H. Howard and 25 others; of Sydney Shaffer 

and 135 ot~ers; and of Gilman Chendle and 125 others, of Ohio. 

Spea.ku of the House of .Representatives. 

1\I. A. HARDIN, 

Clerk of the House of Representatives. 

Approved October 17, 1885. 

H. H. CARLTON, 

President of the Senate. 

WM. A. HARRIS 

Secretary of the enats. 

HENRY D. McDANIEL, Govemor. 

STATE OF EORGIA, OFFICE Oir THE SECRETARY OF STATE, 

AUanta, Ga., Januart~4., 1886. 

I hereby certify that the foregoing two pa.n-es cont in a correct copy of thz 

origin:U resolution on file in this office. 

Given under my hand and official seal. 

[sEAL.j N. C. BARNETT, 

Secretary of ta:c. 
1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 603 

1\Ir. LOGAN. I see that the Senator from Georgia is very hoarse this 

morning, but I should like to ask him what the memorial refers to in 

speaking of a claim that is not recognized by the State of Georgia. As 

I understand, this amount has been credited to the State ofGeorgiaon 

a claim that the Government has against the State, and the memorial 

which has been read states that it is a claim not recognized by the State 

of Georgia. 

Mr. BROWN. I will answer the Senator that it refers to a claim 

which the Government sets up against the State of Georgia for what is 

known as the direct tax. The State of Georgia does not recognize the 

claim. It does not deny the right of the Government of the United 

States to collect it in the ordinary way from her citizens, but as a State 

she does not think she is bound, and therefore thinks there ought not 

to be a set-off. 

1\'Ir. LOGAN. To what committee has the memorial been referred? 

ll1r. BROWN. It has not been referred. It will take the usual 

course. 

The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. What disposition does the Senator 

from Georgia desire to have made of the memorial? 

Mr. BROWN. I ask that it be referred to the Committee on Appropriations, as it asks for an approprL'ltion . . 

1\Ir. LOGAN. I ask whether it would not be more appropriate torefer it to the Committee on the Judiciary. It presupposes an appropriation, but the questiqn which the memorial raises certainly ought 

to bo settled before an appropriation can be asked. If the United States 

has no right to give a credit on a claim that it has against a State, then 

as a matter of course the appropriation would be proper. 

Mr. BROWN. I will state to the Senator that I have no objection to 

its going before the Committee on the Judiciary. 

Mr. LOGAN. Very well; let it be so referred. 

Mr. HOAR. I understand that the bill making the appropriation for 

the claim of the State of. Georgia was referred to the Committee on 

Claims. The Committee on Claims investigated that claim and put 

such restriction upon the payment as they thought would secure its application to any claim which should be due the Government from the 

State of Georgia, if any. That was their purpose. Now the complaint 

is that the application of their bill has worked injustice to Georgia, as 

!suppose. It seems tome, therefore, thatit would belong to thesame 

committee that investigated the original subject rather than to the Committee on the Judiciary. It is really an attempt to make a chang.e in 

the bm- which they put up or in the arrangement which they made. 

Mr. LOGAN. This is a question of law. ·. 

Mr. HOAR. But almost every committee has questions of law involved in the subjects committed to it. 

Mr. BROWN. I am scarcely able to speak so that I can be heard, 

but I will state to the Senator from Massaclmsetts that the Congress of 

the United States has already passed a law recognizing this claim and 

directing it to be paid. Therefore I suppose the memorial would not 

properly go before the Committee on Claims. It is only a question 

whether there ought to be a set-off or whether the United States Government ought to allow this to be paid in cash. I should think, agreeing with the Senator from Illinois, that it would be more appropriate 

that the matter should go before the Committee on the Judiciary. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Illinois moves that 

the memorial be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. 

1\Ir. BROWN. I have no objection to that course. 

The PRESIDENT pt·o tempore. That reference will be made if there 

is no objection. · REPORTS OF COIDIITTEES •. 

Mr. ALLISON, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was re- ferred the bill (S. 221) for the relief of Alexander Smiley, reported it 

without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. 

Mr. MILLER, {)f New York, from the Committee on Finance, to 

whom was referred the bill {S. 163) releasing the estate of the late 

Frank Soule, late collector of internal revenue for the first district ·of 

the State of California, and his sureties on his official bond, reported 

it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. 

Mr. DAWES. The Committee on Indian A.ffuirs, to which was referred the bill (S. 52) to divide a portion of the reservation of the Sioux 

Nation of Indians, in Dakota, into separate reservations, and to secure 

the relinquishment of the Indian title to the remainder, have dirooted me to report it with amendment. I desire to say in regard to this bill 

that at a very early day, as soon as the pending business is disposed of, 

I shall ask the Senate to consider it, as it is very important, if it ever becomes a law, that it should be passed in the very early spring. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore . . The bill will be placed on the Calendar. 

1\Ir. COCKRELL. The Committee on 1\filitary Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 707) donating condemned cannon to Tower Post, No. 

17, Grand Army of the Republic,. of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, have inst.~;ucted me to report it back to the Senate adversely and recommend 

that it be indefinitely postponed. I now desire to announce to the Senate that there are no condemned cast-iron cannon on hand belonging to 

the Government, and it is a waste of time to introduce bills. for that 

purpose; they will all be reported adversely. 

The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. The Sena-tor from Missouri moves 

that the bill be indefinitely postponed. If there be no objection that 

motion will be considered as agreed to. 

Mr. COCKRELL. The Committee on 1\Hlitary Affairs, to which was 

referred the bill (S. "768) for the relief of George A. Iaeger, have instructed me to report it adversely and to re~ommen?-"that it be indefinitely postponed. The bill proposes to pay the claunant for property 

lost m the .Anny, and there is a general law which authorizes the Secretary of War :to adjust such claims. The bill is reported adversely 

foT that reason. I move that it be indefinitely postponed. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Mr. COCKRELL, from the Committee on Military Affairs: to whom 

wasreferred the joint resolution (S. R. 19) directing copies of the official 

letter-books of the executive department of the State of North Carolina. 

to befurnised said State, reported it without amendment, and submitted 

a report thereon. · · He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (S. 

216) to authorize the Secretary of War to furnish certificates of discharge 

to certain members of the Missouri Home Guards, reported it without 

amendment, and submitted a report thereon. 

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (S. 

214) for the relief of Oscar Eastmond and James W. Atwill, reported 

it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. 

He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill (S. 

424) giving a military record to Alexander Francesco, deceased, reported 

it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. 

Mr. COCKRELL. The Committee on Miliimy Affairs, to which was 

referred the bill (S. 413) giving a military record to Alexander Francesco1 deceased, being almost identically similar to the previous bill and 

relating to the same subject-matter, have instructed me to report it 

adversely and to recommend that it be indefinitely postponed. 

The report was agreed to. 

Mr. COCKRELL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom 

was referred the bill (S. 193) for the relief of John Hollins McBlair, 

reported it with amendments and submitted a. report thereon. 

Mr. McPHERSON, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was 

referred the bill (S. 556) for the relief of Betts, Nichols & . Co., reported 

it without amendment. 

Mr. HAMPTON, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom 

was referred t.he bill (S. 519) to authorize the President to restore 

Tenedore Ten Eyck to his former rank in the Army and to place him 

upon the retired-list of Army officers, reported it with an amendment. 

He also, from the same committee, to whom were referred the following bills, reported them severally without amendment: 

A bill (S. 98) for. the relief of :Uajor William M. Maynadier, a paymaster in the United States Army; 

A bill (S. 389) for the relief -of the heirs or legal representative oi 

Robert J. Bauguess, deceased; 

A bill (S. 87) for the relief of Thomas J. Miller, of Washington Territory;and 

A bill (S. 528) for the reliof of William H. Morgan. ' 

PEOPLE'S N.A.TION".A.L BA.NK OF L.A.WREKCEBURG. 

:Mr. MORRILL: I am directed by .the Committee on Finance, to 

whom was referred the bill (S. 128) to authorize the Secretary of the 

Treasury to issue a duplicate. certificate of deposit to the People's NationalBankofLawrenceburg, Ind.,toreportitfavorablywithoutamendment. 

Mr. HARRISON. I should like to ask the consent of the Senate to 

have that bill disposed of. It is one that passed both branches in the 

last Congress, and only failed for the want of the signature of the President. The bank has been kept out of this duplicate certificate of deposit for a great many years, and I should like to have the bill passed 

now. Mr. INGALLS. Is there a report accompanying it? 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. There is no written.report. 

Mr. HARRISON. I will state to the Senator from Kan...~ that there 

was a report at the last Oongress. The bill passed both Houses of Congress on the last day, and only failed because the President did n t have 

time to sign it. · 

Mr. INGALLS. Let us have some explanation about it. 

Mr. HARRISON. The bill explains itsel.t: 

1\Ir. INGALLS. Let it be read. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be read for information, subject to objection. 

The Chief Clerk read as follows : 

Be it enacted. &c., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is he1·eby, au- thorized and directed to issue and cause to be issued to the People's National Bank of Lawrenceburg, Ind., a duplicate certificate of deposit numbered E 35988, for the- sum of $10,000, issued by the assistant treasurer of the United States at Cincinnati to the People's National Bank of Lawrenceburg, Ind., upon such evidence of loss, and upon execation of such bonds of indemnity to the United States, and under such regulations in regard to issue and payment as he shall prescribe. • 

By unanimous consen.t, the Senate, ·as in Committee of the Whole, 

proceeded to consider the bill. 

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to 

be engrossed for a third reading, rea-d the third time, and passed. 
604 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. J .ANU.ARY 12, 

AR.l\IY BUILDING IN NEW YORK. 

Jlrlr. LOGAN. I am directed by the Committee on Military .Affairs, 

to whom was referred the bill (S. 671) making an appropriation for the 

purchase of the old Produce Exchange building and the site bounded" 

by Whitehall, Pearl, Moore, and Water streets, New York city, for Army 

purposes, to report it with amendments. I ask, if there be no objection, that the bill may be considered now. It is a very important matter 

and the question of time is quite pressing, as the Government has up 

to a certain date to make the purchase, and in order to avoid the rental 

of property, which amounts to $25,000 a year, by the Government if 

the repairs to this building can be completed by the 1st of May, whlch 

it is claimed can be done if the bill be passed promptly. Thus it will save to the Government a year's rent, amounting, as I said, to $25,000; 

and that is the importance of the bill. I should like very much if it 

could be considered now, and if there is no objection I will state briefly 

the agreement between the Government and the parties. 

By unanimous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, 

proceeded to consider the bill. 

Mr. LOGAN. The question was presented to the Secretary of War 

and a commission was appointed to make an examination of this property, which was done some time since. ' They reported that the property would cost $250,000, and the estimates show that it will take 

a"Qout $150,000 to change the building and put additional stories to it, so as to make it sufficient for army purposes. It is convenient to the 

island where the troops are stationed, being close to the shore, much more so than the property now occupied by the Government. For a great many years the property occupied by the quartermaster's, com- missary, and medical departments in New York has cost the Government not less than $25,000 annually. In fact, the Government has 

expended more for rents than the purchase of this property would cost; 

and on the recommendation of the Quartermaster-General and of the 

Secretary of War the committee unanimously reported in favor of at once occupying this property if Congress will give permission to the 

War Department. · That is the whole case. I ask that the bill be put upon its passage. 

The bill was reported from the Committee on Military Affairs with 

amendments in line 7, after the words ''for the,'' to strike out ''construction thereon of a properly planned fire-proof" and insert "alteration and remodeling of the;'' and in line 8, after the word ''building,'' 

to insert "so as to make it;" so as to make the bill read: 

Be it enacted &c., That the sum of $l50, 000, or so much thereof as may be nec- essary, be, and hereby is, appropriated for the purchase of the old Produce Exchange building and site, bounded by Whitehall, Pearl, Moore, and Wat-er 

streets, New York city, for army purposes, and for the alteration and remodeling of the building, so as to make it suitable in all respects for Government use, said 

appropriation to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of War: P,.ovidecf, That before the expenditure of any of the appropriation hereby m.a.de 

good and valid title shall be secured to the United States for the land and th~ improvemepts thereon contemplated by tl;!is act, and the consent of the Legis- lature of the State of New York obtain~d t<> the purchase thereof. 

The amendments were agreed to. 

The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amendments were concurred in. .. · 

The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third 

time, and passed. FRENCH SPOLIATION CLAIMS. 

Mr. FRYE, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, reported the 

following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, ancl 

· agreed to: 

Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be directed to take from the files of 

the Senate all papers relating to the claims of citizens of the United States on account of spoliations by the French, and to deliver the same to the Secretary of State to be filed in the Department of State. 

Bll..LS INTRODUCED. 

~Ir. JACKSON introduced a bill (S. 1023) granting a pension to 

Mrs. Catharine Vaughn, widow ofThomasJ. Vaughn, deceased; which was read twice by its title, and, with the aceompanyingpapers, referred 

to the Committee on Pensions. · Mr. GEORGE introduced a bill (S. 1024) to enable the Secretary of 

War to pay Rane C. Hutchison for services rendered and expenses incurred in the military service of the United States; which was read 

twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the 

Committee on Military Affairs. 

Mr. JONES, of Arkansas, introduced a bill (S. 1025) conferring jurisdiction in certain civil cases arising in the Indian Territory on the 

United States district and circuit courts for the western district of Arkansas, the northern district of Texas, and the district of Kansas; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Indian Affairs. 

Mr. :MAXEY introduced a bill (S. 1026) to change the eastern and 

northern judicial districts of the State of Texas, and to attach a part of 

the Indian Territory to said districts, and for other purposes; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Mr. GORMAN introduced a bill (S. 1027) granting an increase of pension to Norman Kaufman; which was read twice by its title, andreferred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1028) for the relief of Charles K. Remsberg; which was rea.d twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

Mr. CALL introduced a bill (S. 1029) for the relief of William Pinkney, James Curry, and the legal representative of James Filor, deceased; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1030) for the construction of a military 

telegraph line from Sanford, Fla., to Point Jupiter, Florida, and the es- ta?lishment of a signal station; which was read twice by its title, and, 

w1th the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Military 

.A.:ffairs. · 

Mr. VANCE introduced a bill (S. 1031) for the relief of Henry D. 

Coley; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

1tfr. MILLER, of New York, introduced a bill (S. 1032) to refund 

duties upon goods on shipboard when the tariff act of March 3, 1883, 

went into effect; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the 

Committee on Finance. 

Mr. CULLOM introduced a bill (S. 1033) for the relief of Michrel 

Piggott; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committ-ee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. 

Mr. PLATT introduced a bill (S. 1034) to amend the law relating to 'patents, trade-marks, and copyrights; which was read twice by its title, 

and referred to the Committee on Patents. . 

Mr. VOORHEES introdu_ced a bill (S. 1035) for the reliefofPaymasterCharlesA.McDaniel, UnitedStatesNavy; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. -

He also introduced a bill (S. 1036) for the relief of Elliabeth D .. Stone; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1037) for the relief of Assistant Engi- neer Jabez Burchard, United States Navy; which was read twice by its 

title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

He also· introduced a bill (S. 1038) for the relief of Robert Garrick; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

Mr. INGALLS introduced a bill (S. 1039) to provide for the sale of 

certainNewYorklndian lands in Kansas; which was read twice by its 

title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Mr. ALDRICH introduced a bill (S. 1040) for the relief of the heirs 

of Qapt. Asa Waterman, of Rhode Island; which was read twice by its 

title, and referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1041) for the relief of William B. Gropp, 

of Newport, R. I.; which was read twice by its title, and, with the ac- companying papers, referred to the Committee on Claims. 

Mr. BUTLER introduced a bill(S.1042) top.ayB. S. James for transporting the United States mails; which was read twice by its title, and 

referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1043) .to amend sections 1097 anGl1098 

of the Revised Statutes relating to aids to general officers of the .Army; 

which was read twice by its title, and ordered to lie on the table. 

Mr. MORGAN introduced a bill(S.1044) to increase the sehoolfund 

in certain townships of the State of Alabama; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

Mr. WILSON, of Maryland, introduced a bill (S. 1045) to regulate 

the rank of engineer officers of the United States Navy; which was read 

twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the 

Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Mr. WILSON, of Iowa, introduced a bill (S. 1046) providing for the 

establishment of a bureau of public documents; which was re..-.d twice 

by its title, and referred to the Committee on the Library. 

Mr. COCKRELL introduced a bill (S. 1047) for the relief of Patrick 

H. Estes, a veteran invalid soldier oftheMexican war; which wasread 

twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Mr. H.A. WLEY introduced a bill (S. 1048) fo-r the relief of Samuel B. 

Horne; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

Mr. McMILLAN introduced a bill (S.1049) for the reliefofClement 

A. Lounsberry; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accom- panying paper, referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and PostRoads. 

Mr. CONGER introduced a bill (S. 1050) for the reli~f of Dallas Garner; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Appropriations. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 1051) granting a pension to L. A. Clark; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Mr. LOGAN introduced a bill (S. 1052) for the relief of C. H. Warrens; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying 

papers, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. . Mr . .ALDRICH introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 27) providing for 

the disposition of undistributed copies of the Rebellion Records and 

other public document.'~; which was read twice by its title, and referred 

to the Committee on Printing. . 1\fr. SEWELL introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 28) authorizing the 

President of the United States to grant permission to one or more offi-
1886. ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 605 

cers of the Army toaccept temporary serviceunderthe Government of 

Corea; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

PAPERS WITHDRAWN AND REFERRED. 

On motion of Mr. BUTLER, it was 

Ordered, That B. 8. James have leave to withdraw hls papers from the files, subject to the rules, and that they be referred to the Committee on Claims, in 

connection with "the bill fot his relief. 

On motion of Mr. GRAY, it was 

Ordered, That John Hunter, of New York, have leave to withdraw his papers 

from the files, no adverse report having been made thereon. 

On motion of Mr. PAYNE, it was 

01·dered, That the papers in the case of Huston & Co. be taken from the files 

and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

On motion of.MI:. Mc!tnLLAN, it was 

Ordered, That the papers relating to the claim of Clement A. Lounsberry be 

taken from the files and referred to the Committee on Post-Offtces and Post- Roads. 

Ordered, That the papers relating to the claim of William Pfaender be taken 

from the files a-nd referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. ' - P AYl'tlENT OF BONDS IN SILVER. 

Mr. BECK. The Committee on Finance this morning had under consideration the resolution sent to it bythe Senator from Louisiana [Mr. 

EuSTIS], but finding it very important, and not having. time to consider 

it fully, the matter was not concluded. It being pending, I wish to 

offer a substitute for the resolution, for reference to the committee also, so that the two may be considered together. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is a substitute for the resolution 

offered by the Senator from Louisiana, the Chair understands. 

Mr. BECK. !tis asubstituteforthatresolution, which is now pending before the Committee on Finance and which was considered in part 

this morning, but the committee not having time to finish it, I offered 

the substitute before the committee, and now offer it in the Senate for 

reference to the committee. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The proposed substitute will be 

read. · The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

Whereas it is provided by section 3694 of the Revised Statutes that "the coin 

paid for duties on imported goods shall be set apart as a special fund, and shall 

be applied as follows: First, to the payment, in coin, of the interest on the bonds 

and notes of the United Statesi second, to the purchase orpaymentof1 percent-. of the entire debt of the Unitea States, to be made within each fiscal year, which 

is to be set apa-rt as a. sinking fund, and the interest on which shall in like man- ner be applied to the purchase or payment of the public debt as the Secretary of 

the Treasury shall from time t-o time direct; third, the residue to be paid in to 

the Treasury: Therefore 

Resolved by the Senate and House .of &presentatives of the United States of Amer- ica in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, 

directed, in all payments hereafter made of interest on the bonds and notes of 

the United States, and in the purchase or payment of 1 per cent. of the entire 

debt of the United States for the sinking fund as now required by law, to pay out gold and silver coin as near as possible in the same proportions in which 

gold coin and certificates and silver coin and certificates were recei\·ed during the preceding fiscal year for duties on imported· goods. · 

Mr. BECK. I ask that this resolution be printed. and referred to 

the Committee on Finance. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no objection, the resolution will be printed and referred to the Committee on Finance. The 

Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. 

ARl\IY AND NAVY REGISTERS. 

Mr. MANDERSON submitted the following resolutions; which were referred to the Committee on Printing: _ 

Resolved, That 800 copies of the Army Register for 1886 be printed for the use of the Senate. &.solved, That 1,000 copies· of the NaYy Register for 1886 be printed for the use of the Senate. 

TilE YELLOWSTONE NATIO~AL PARK. 

Mr. MANDERSON submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: 

Resollled b1J the Senate, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he hereby is, directed to furnish, for the information of the Senate, a copy of a report made b y \V. Hn!l ett Phillips, special agent, on the subject of the Yellowstone Nationn.l 

Park, together with the a ccompanying documents, said repox·t bcat·ing date 

Septembe r 12, 1885. 

COIN DUTIES 0~ IMPORTED GOODS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no further "concurrent or other resolutions" the Chair lays before the ·Senate the resolution 

submitted yesterday by the Senator from Alabama [l\Ir. MORGAN]. 

Mr. PUGH. Whenever I can do so with propriety and in order, I 

wish to call up the resolution of the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. 

BECK] with a view to finish my remarks. 

The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. The Senator from Alabama [Mr. 

PUGH] moves that the Senate proceed to the considemtion of the reso- lution of the Senator from Kentuch."Y [l\Ir. BECK]. 

The motion was agreed to; and the Senate resumed the consideration of the resolution submitted by 1\!r. BECK on the 18th of December, 1885, relative to the payment in coin of customs dues and the disposition of the coin so paid. 

3-Ir. PUGH resumed and concluded the speech b(\;,01ln by him yesterday. [Sec Appendix.] 

M:r. VANCE. Mr. President, the effort which is now making in different parts of the world to demonetize and degrade silver coin is one 

of the grandest conspiracies against the rights of the people ever inaugurated by human greed. The governments of nations, supported by 

the brightest genius of their citizens, are engaged in it, but it is never- theless a crime. It is freely admitted that among those whose motives 

are the simplest avarice are also many whose motives are good and 

whose convictions are sincere; nevertheless the result of their policy 

would be iniquity.- Coming as it does in the guise of a. great financial 

question, it escapes the conditions of that vulgar criminality which 

would subject the conspirators to the penalty of law; aJl the same, it 

is a tyrannical and cruel blow directed at the substance of the common people in all lands. In truth, it is an international sequestration 

of the goods of the poor and the wages of the worker by the combined 

power of capital; and on its banners as it advances to the attack should 

be emblazoned the words of holy WTit: "For unto every one that hath 

shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath 

not shall be taken away even that which he hath." 

The very earliest records of humanity show that men had even then 

adopted the precious metals, silver and gold, as a medium of exchange 

and a standard of value for their crude commodities. The capacity of 

the earth to yield them fixed at an early day their relative value when 

compared with each other, and, though these quantities and values have 

fluctuated now and then by the accidents of production or other causes, 

the average relative value has been well maintained through the ages, 

and for hundreds of years truthful nature has justified the decree in 

which she originally indicated the proportions of these her concealed 

treasures. Very soon also the aggregate value of all property came to 

be measured by the aggregate amount of all these precious metals in 

the possession of the communities where both existed. It is now, more 

so than at any time in the history of the world, a recognized fact that 

the prices of property, the wages of labor, and of all things of value are fixed by the ratio which is sustained between a people's property 

and their precious metals. • There is now no fact of political economy more patent and undisputed 

than this: that when money is plenty prices are high, and when money 

is scarce prices are low. It must be remembered, too, thatnoartificial 

substitutes for money can vary this proposition, since all promissory or paper contrivances depend at la.St upon the amount of the precious metals 

there is on hand to redeem them. It is the first and simplest illustration of the gren.t economic law of supply and demand. 

Such being a-dmitted., it follows inevitably that the loss or withdrawal 

from 11se, as a medium of exchange, of one of the precious metals must 

affect the value of· the remaining one to the fUll extent of the propor---

tion which it sustained to the other with reference to the combined 

value of both. The on~ left in use being now that much scarcer, would 

render it that much more in demand. Upon it would be devolved the 

function of representing alone the aggregate value of all property, which 

duty had theretofore been performed by both metals combined. It 

would therefore require more of property and of labor to obtain one of its units of value, and the prices of property ~d wages of labor would 

necessarily fall in order to conform to the new measure of value. Of course a depreciation of one of the precious metals relatively to the 

other-whether that depreciation is caused by one going down or the 

other going up-is followed by the same results to the extent of the 

depreciation or the appreciation. 

It is estimated that the amount of the preeious metals of tbe world, 

coin and bullion, available for this purpose is in round numbers about 

$16,000,000,000, of_which 46 per cent. is in gold and 54 per cent. is in 

silver. That this vast sum is not too large for the hea-lthy uses of trade 

is proven conclusively by the fact that the leading nations are con- stantly striving to increase their supply, and that very many of them are using paper substitutes, and are not what is called specie-paying. 

In the United States, without reference to the bullion of either metal, 

the coin in use by the people, as stated by official authority, is about 

$550,000,000 of gold and about 27 ,000,000 of silver. Of the latter some $75,000,000 is subsidiary fractional coin. The coins of the world 

aggregate about $5,500,000,000, of which 3,300,000,000 is gold and 

the rest silver. 

In order that there may be no hindrance to the fxee transaction of 

the business of the world in the exchanging of_ products, it is neces- sary that there should be a plentiful supply of gold and silver coin or of their representatives. This supply must not only be increased as population increases, but it must keep pace also with the vastly more rapid increase of the world's consumption and the ever-widening rea-ch 

of commerce as it goes out more and more to supply th~ world's wants. 

The annual increase of.popnlation in the United States is over 3 per 

cent. The value of manufactured products during the last deca.de increased more than 2~ percent. per annum. The principal articles of agricultural production, as barley, wheat, Indian corn, cotton, and tobacco, 

increased during the same period from 5to lOpercent., and withouttedi~ 

ously citing statistics it is safe to sa.y that the total of agricultural products and all kindred industries show the same results. To meet all 

this growing wealth with a pro~er medium of exchange the mining industry is only furnishing to the worl<lan inrre.asP of the precious metals 

to the extent of 1-k per cent. 
606 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 12, 

Yet, in the blindness or greed of men, it is solemnly proposed to rem- edy this short supply by obliterating 54 per cent. of what we have. 

Should such a scheme be successful all over the world, the consequences 

could not be contemplated without shuddering. 

Already 20 per cent. of our silver has been destroyed by depreciation, and as a consequence thereof we are now in the midst of the most 

rigorous business depression . which we have experienced in twenty 

years, not excepting the period between 1873 and 1879, when the re- sults of the first blow at the integrity of silver were being felt. 

Continue this attack until all the silver coin is demonetized, and a contraction is certain to ensue which will strike down prices and labor 

to the full extent of the proportion which silver bears to the whole vol- ume of our money. It will prove the greatest financial calamity which 

has ever befallen the American people. Every species of property would 

shrink, the wages of_ the poor most of all. The only exception to this 

universal shrinkage would be in debts and gold. These would increase 

to the extent that other property decreased in value. 

Suppose, for instance, that a man owed a debt of $100 which at the 

time the debt was made could have been discharged by 100 days' work or with 100 bushels of wheat or 1,000 pounds of cotton; if the contraction of the currency was so much as 50 per cent., th.en to pay this debt 

it would require 150 days' work or 150 bushels ofwheat or 1,500 pounds 

of cotton. On the contrary, if when this destruction of silver money 

took place a man had on hand $100 in gold it would immediately be- come worth $150. Literally and truly the :rich man would be made 

:richer, while the poor man would be made poorer. For it is in the very 

nature ofthis kind of money-making by legislation, as in gambling, that 

the gains of one man must be the losses of another. It differs in this 

from all transactions of legitimate trade and finance, in any or all of 

which both parties have a voice and may be benefited. But this is a case of dead open and shut, where the debtor is bound to lose that which 

the creditor gains. It differs, too, from vulgar theft in that it is fraudnlent in Us pretenses, insidious in its methods, and lacks the courage 

and the candot' of old-fashioned larceny. 

There is reason, too, to believe that the repudiation of the silver dolla-r by the United States would be the signal for the degradation of silverthroughout Europe. This great and rich country, producing nearly 

one-half the annual yield of silver in the world, beyond doubt has the 

fate ofthismetalinitshands as a standard of value. Ifitissurrendered 

here, then the nations of Europe which are struggling to maintain it 

will doubtless give way and it will disappear from the currency of the 

Western nations, and the ruin of the many for the enrichment of the 

few will be complete and universal. It isworth while to inquire what 

istotaketheplaceofone--halftheworld'smoney. Cangolddoit? · Where 

is it to come from? Its production is not only declining relatively to 

the increase of population and the expansion of commerce, but it is decreasing absolutely. It is well known, too, ns before intimated, that 

with our ever-expanding civilization there is an increasing consumption 

of commodities far in excess of .population numbered bythe head, which 

demands an ever-enlarging circulation of money. It has been estimated 

that Great Britain alone and her dependencies, for which she coins, require an additional supply of gold to theamount of$90,000,000perannum, which sum is within $20,000,000 of the entire gold production of . the past year of the world. This takes no account of the vast amount 

which is annually used in the arts. . So long ago as 1870 the leading financial papers of Europe estimated 

that to-meet the wants of commerce an annual supply of thirty millions sterling, or $150,000,000 in gold, would be required; this, t{)o, before the extraordinary demand for gold occasioned by the demonetization of silver by G-ermany and Scandinavia, and before we in the United 

States had resumed specie payments. With the production of gold 

gradually declining, should we refuse the assistance of nature, who 

o:ffern us an increase in silver, there can be no doubt but that our supply of metallic money will speedily prove -inadequate and the depression under which we now suffer will be aggravated twofold. What 

greater madnes3, then, can men be guilty of than to attempt the sudden 

obliteration of one-half the fuel which feeds the locomotive of our progress? What greater crime could men commit against the welfare of 

human society than to destroy one-half of the medium by which its 

values are exchanged; to inflict upon it a tinanciallwmiplegia? What 

policy could be more obviously ruinous than to force the increasing demand for an essential article in the face of a constantly decreaSing supply? How can it result in anything but calamity to the mult_itude 

and unrighteous gain to the few, who hold gold and securities which 

they wish discharged in g9ld? . Why should all this be done? What reasons are given by those who 

wish to suspend the coinage of silver and es~blish a single gold stand-

.ard of value? Stated shortly, the reasons given are: 

First. That silver has become depreciated until it no longer represents a dollar where it purports to be a dollar, and ha-s ceased to be the 

money of a large part of the business world. 

Second. That our public debt should be paid in gold in order to keep our credit up to its present high figure, and that it is not ];lonest to pay our creditors in dollars which are worJ;h only 80 cents. 

Third. That the principalforeign countries with whom we trade use only gold, which is an international money, and our adoption of the 

gold standard is necessary to our dealing with them. 

Lastly. That the continued coinage of silver would continue its depreciation indefinitely, until the cheaper metal would drive gold out of 

the country entirely. Let us examine these allegations by t.)le light of 

facts. 

I maintain that the silver dollar has not gone down with reference 

to its purchasing power of everything, excepting gold alone; and that 

with reference to gold silver has not gone down so much as gold has 

gone up. Measured by the price of commodities the silYer dollar is by 

every cent worth as much as it was when the first effort was made in 

this country to degrade it, at which time it was worth 103 in gold. It 

is now accepted everywhere in the purchase of everything on a par 

with gold. No difference is made in trade whatever. Everybody re- ceives it freely; and even all the public creditors take it gladly, except 

those who by spej:!ial contract in writing agreed to do so-the bondholders. Gold is sent from distant parts o.( the country to be exchanged 

for certificates redeemable in silver-a p-regnant fact, which was most 

convincingly urged by the Senator from Kentucky in his recent very 

able speech. . 

Why then should it not rather be said that gold has gone up than 

that silver has fallen, since so many more circumstances point to the 

former conclusion than to the latter? That silver has stood alongside 

of commodities is evidence that there is not too much of it for the uses of trade and that it has not moved; while the fact that the position of 

gold has changed is prima facie evidence that it has moved, and not the 

things with which it is compared. The same causes which it is alleged 

have driven silver down have operated still more powerfully to force 

gold up. The action of England and Germany, aided by all the interested capitalists of Europe; the machinations of the bondholders and 

national banks here, added to the active hostility of a series of Treasury 

officials for a dozen years past, have all operated ns so many wedges 

driven in, one upon top of the other, to force gold and silver apart. 

When this has been accomplished, they triumphantly explaim, "See 

how silver has gone down." What right have they to say that? The 

force applied could. only separate the mass at right angles to the pressure, and it would seem to be in accord with the laws of mechanics that 

that section whi~h possessed the greater power of resistance would carry 

with it in the clea>age the larger share of the material separated. If 

so, then it is undoubtedly gold which has been forced upward; for after 

many years of pressure they are separated and silver is found in its original position beside the great bulk of commodities, the common measure of both. 

That it has ceased to be currency with the greater part of the world is 

disproven by the fad that there is more of it in use now by 8 per cent. 

than of gold. 

The following quotations, taken from the leading financial journal of 

Cuba for December last, tells a different story ns to the disuse of silver 

abroad: THE STAh'DARD DOLLAR ABROAD. 

[From the New Orleans City Item.] 

We have before us the Havana Weekly Report of Saturday, 5th December, o. ,·ery sufficient authority, in which are reported the values of everything usually 

known to the Havana market, including the rates of exchange and the current quot-ations of "foreign coins." 

The-following items are taken from a general list: Percent . Greenbacks .................................................. : ........................ premium ... 9 to 10 

American gold pieces ........................................................... : ...... -do ...... 9 to 10} 

French gold pieces ........ ................................................................ do ...... 2 to 3 

British sovereigns ............................. ............................................. do ...... 3 to 4 Spanish dubloons .......................................................................... do ...... 3 to 4 American silver dollars. ................................................................ do ...... 4;\- to 5} 

Thus it appears that the use of the dollar has caused a demand for it 

in a country with wlllch we deal largely; that makes it worth more than British coins or French coins. The allegation that it is neces- sary to adopt the gold standard and stop the 'coinage of silver in order 

to pay our public debt in gold and keep up our high credit is a specious 

one, made in the interest of the debt-holders alone, and can make no claim to serving the general welfare. It means either one or the other 

of two things: "Demonetize silver for my sake to tbe serious injury of 

the public, or else pay me in gold and everybody else in silver. Give me privileges over all other men." That is the bondholder's position, 

stripped of all evasion, when they make this extraordinary claim. They 

go further, and say that it is not honest to pay them with a silver dollar 

which is worth only 80 cents. The honesty or dishonesty of such a transaction depends much upon its conditions and surroundings. 

In the first place, that silver dollar .is worth every cent now that it was when the public debt was contracted, measured by any standard ex- cept gold. In the next place, it is the very identical dollar which the 

public creditor agreed to receive in payment when the debt was created. " 'Tis so nominated in the bond." The creditor agreed, too, to 

take this dollar when his debt became due, without any guarantee whatever, express~ or implied, on the part of the Government, that the 

bullion value of its material relatively to gold or to anything else should 

never fluctuate, but should remain forever with neither variableness nor 

shadow of changing. In all my knowledge of human transactions, 

whether acquiJ·ed by personal experience or by the reading of history 

from Moses to Sunset Cox, I have never, I believe, metwithasinglecase 

where the debtor undertook to insure the stability of the coininwhich 

the creditor was to be paid prior to tl).is modest claim of the holders of 

United States bonds. 
1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 607 

In the course of my career I have heard many bad cases argued with 

varying degrees of ingenuity; but whether in the school-boys' club, or 

in the cross-roads' debating society, or in the court of pleas and quarter 

sessions, or from the tail-end of a gingerbread-cart at a battalion muster, 

or even in my nine years of listening to the national platitudes which 

fill the pages of the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD, I have never seen or 

heard a worse abuse of logic, a feebler attempt to outrage common 

sense than this charge that the man who offers to pay the precise amount, 

at the exact time, in the identical money of his promise, waR dishonest 

man! The stories of the martyrdom of man for opinion's sake, and in 

the higher matter of faith for conscience' sake, are favorite incidents of 

historical reading. . My boyish blood has been alternately warmed and 

chilled by the contemplation of the pictures of anguish and suffering 

presented in the Book of Martyrs and all' the popular stories of persecution in the dark and unhappy ages when fanaticiSm worshiped God, or 

thought it did, by the infliction of torture; but I have never seen or 

heard of a case that made so small an appeal to human sympathy, or so 

large a one to huma.n. contempt, as this wail of the United States bondholder because he is not permitted, freely and with applause, to collect 

five dollars from the Treasury when he had been promised four. 

Dishonest, indeed, to pay as we promised ! What, then, is honesty? 

Sir, iu myold-fhshionedopinion thehonestmanishewhopaysaccording 

to the letter and spirit of his promise, and the dishonest man is hew ho 

wantssomethingmorethan that which he agreed to take, and that their 

aiders and abettors are like unto them.· To support this claim of unfair treatment of the bondholders the statement is constantly made that 

for many years, from 1853 to 1873, we were almost without silver and 

coined no silver dollars, and that from the foundation of the Government to the latter period we had only coined $8,000,000, while from 

1878 to 1886 we had coined 215,000,000. The unfairness of those statements is made manifest when it is known that during that period we 

coined 176,284,000 in fractional coins and that Mexican dollars were 

in circulation all the time to the extent of many millions, being worth 

more than our own dollar and a legal tender. . Let it be understood, 

too, that from 1793 to 1849 not a, single gold dollar was coined, and not 

one double-eagle until1850, when California gold began to come. in. 

The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. McPHERSON] in his recent speech 

made the extnwrdinary assertion that in 1873 when silver was demonetized we had no silver dollars, and for that reason the bondholders fully 

understood they were to be paid in gold. If the Senator had examined 

the records of the Mint he would not hr..ve ventured that assertion, for, 

in addition to the six millions of our own coinage and the Mexican dollars still in the country, he would l:::~.ve seen that in that very year 1873 

we coined $977,150, and in the year preceding $1,112,961-a total of 

$2,090,111. From 1839 t.o 1873 he would have seen that silver dollars 

had been coined every year with the single exception of 1858. However willing people may be to believe that the Senator from New Jersey 

was ignorant of these factB, it will be exceedingly difficult to persuade 

them that the guileless babes of Wall street did not know all about it 

when they agreed to receive the coin of the United States in payment of 

their bonds. If they were beguiled by the wiles of the immaculate Jay 

Cooke, and preferred to believe his rose-colored advertisements rather 

than the plain words written on the face of the bonds themselves, then 

instead of pitying them as the victims of bad faith I should rather be 

disposed to admire the wisdom of Providence which, inaspiritofcompensatory justice, has provided that dangerous men, like dangerous animals, will devour e.-1.ch other when better prey is not within reach. 

Mr. President, the rapacity of avarice is so repugnant to the more generous instincts of men that it always seeks to disguise its ugliness by 

assuming the gar"Q of some fair virtue. A happy compensation this is, 

too, for it confesses ther~by that there are virtues left upon earth and 

that men love them. In this case the bondholder and the capitalist 

cover their insidious approaches to degrade the one-half of our currency 

and secure the payment of their claims in the remaining half, of greatly 

enhanced value, not only in the name of honesty, but also in tender 

consideration of the Lord's poor! 

Mr. President, there are some things which on first sight evoke no 

voice; they simply take away one's breath, as the phrase goes, and the 

asrounded mind, like soldiers under the influence of sudden panic, requires to be rallied and recalled to itself before it can take in the full 

significance of the proposition. Well do I remember when for the first 

time my eyes beheld the vast and terrible grandeur of the ocean, and 

when I first saw and heard the dread majesty of Niagara. Speech then 

seemed not only impossible, but inappropriate, unfitting, useless, and 

utterly insufficient. So, too, there are to be seen now and then moral 

exhibitions of a far surpassing grandeur which strike us equally diunb 

with admiring wonder, and make us before venturing speech anxiously 

inquire of ourselves if poor depraved humanity can really thus attain 

to such fellowship with the gods. We hardly expected such a spectacle 

to be presented in the discussion of this plain and prosaic question; 

and yet, Mr. President, such a one confronts us when Wall street, with 

its congeners, comes forward as the friend and guardian of the poor. 

Strange as it may appear Apollo is really stalking among the swineherds of Admetus, and asks to be recognized as the veritable sun-god. 

Of a truth the chiefs of capitalistic power have put into this discussion 

the plea that silver must be degraded from its high ·place for the sake 

of the poor! Wall street wants this done, not as calumny vainly imagines, for its own profit, but because the tender hearts ofits denizens, 

which beat only for the alleviation of hnman misery, can not bear to see poor men paid for their labor in silver dollars, which are worth but 

80 cents in gold though worth a full100 in meat and flour. I have 

often had occasion to note with pride this disinterested devotion of capital to the interests of the workingman. It is a <lli)tinguishing feature 

of our civilization-more particularly when the workingman's vote is 

essential to financial schemes like this. 

If a railroad corporation wants to gobble a few million a~res of the 

public lands it does so in the interest-not of its shareholders-but of 

the poor settlers. If a manufu.cturer wants a tax of 75 per cent. levied 

on his foreign competitor's pig-iron or 150 per cent. on his rival's 

woolen goods, he procures it to be .done, not for his own pocket, Heaven 

forbid! but for the benefit of his poor operatives, whose interest alone 

he studies. If a national bank wants the tax on checks or deposits repealed, or wants greenbacks retired out of the way of its own-notes, it 

is done or urged to be done, not for its profit-by no means-but for the 

sole good of the poor whom we have always with us. In short, there 

is not a capitalist, or a combination of money scheming to procure an 

ad vantage of the people by legislation, who does not approach Congress 

>owing, under the penalties of the sweet singer of the captivity, that 

he prefers the American laborer to his chief joy. 

But notwithstanding these things have been so long before our eyes 

that it would seem we ought to have become accustomed to them, we 

were not prepared without astonishment to see Wall street step at once 

to the lead of all that is beneficent in our country. Poor men who labor 

will now be practically without excuse. If they can not do well now, 

with the railroads, the national banks, the manufacturers, the bondholders, and the combined power of capital generally working and 

scheming only to keep up their wages and promote the.tr interests, 

surely they will have only themselves to blame. Under these favoring 

circumstances, why wages are not already higher is one of the mysteries 

of political economy. 

Bnt an examination of the argument bywhichit is proposed to benefit labor by the degradation of silver robs the proposition of much of 

its philanthropy. The Secretary of the Treasury, in his recent very 

able report, after declaring how the circulation of dollars of a cheaper 

metal injures the laborer, goes on to say: 

The daily wages of our workingmen and working-women are by far the 

largest. by far the most important aggregate of wealth to be affected by the degradation of the dollar, or of any legal-tender equivalent of the dollar. All other 

aggregates of wealth * * * are not to be compared in their sum to this gigan- tic sum. It is this gigantic sum, the wages of labor, which is assailed by every policy that would make the dollar of the fathers worth less than its worth in 

gold. The debt of the United States, large as it, is, is a wart beside lhis mount- ain. (See page 35.) 

Prior to that, on page 19, he had said: 

Silver in fractional coins is the most convenient, desirable metal for use in the 

payment of petty sum,s. These are the bulk of human transactions whe1·e money passes. It has no rival. Who does not deem it indispensable? Silver can not profitably be discarded from large use by any civilized nation in the world, even where, as in Great Britain and the Scandinavian countries, it is used only for 

fractional coins made legal tender for small sums, and gold alone is cut into 

coins of unlimited legal tender. 

These two extracts contain the gist of the argument of the gold-standard people, and disclose, when analyzed carefully, their plans for the 

regulation of our currency. Let us look at them closely. 

It is admitted that the daily wages of labor and the daily spendings 

of those wages for subsistence constitute the bulk of human transa-ctions where money passes. It is admitted that these transactions are 

discharged with silver, at present with fi:actional coins and the dollar; 

al).d it is assumed, justly, that the use of silver in fractional coin will be 

continued for this purpose even when we shall have ceased coining the 

dollar and adopted the gold standard. Such is notoriously the practice 

in Great Britain, .Germany, and all gold-sta.ndard countries. The present silver dollar contains 412! grains of standard silver, while two 

half-dollars, or ·ten dimes, contain only 385 grains. Now it is proposed 

to remove the dollar containing 28 grains more of standard mei.c'\1 and 

pay wages-"the bulk of human transactions where money passes"-

with the inferior fractional coin, as is done in Europe! Is there any 

mental process known to human logic which can extract comfort or 

benefit to labor from thls proposition? Nor will it avail anything to 

say that it is not meant to destroy the silver dollar by ceasing to coin 

it. We know too well that to refuse it recognition at the mints in addition to the refusal of public creditors and the national banks toreceive it, together with the hostility of our Government officials, would 

give it a faW,l blow, and would reduce still more the value of the fractional coins, in which it seems the workingman must be paid, under 

either standard. The further scheme of the bondholders appears to be 

also that in ord~to pay" them in the dearest coin we must banish the 

next best-the silver dollar-and pay wages in the cheapest and most 

debased of all ! The wart must be paid in pure gold, the mountain in 

debased silver! And you force the laborer to take this adulterated 

currency by making it a. legal tender for a sum large enough to cover 

his daily wages; while as to the dollar aJready coined, if you leave 

alone its legal-tender quality, it is done with the understanding that 

it will never l>e offered to the bondholder-that the law was never in-
608 CONGRESSION~L RECORD-SENATE. J .ANU.ARY 12, 

tended for the wart, but only to regulate the mountain ! Is this a land 

of law and liberty; of equa.l rights to all-exclusive privileges to none? 

The truth is this war on the dollar is in the interest of those who 

speculate in money itself, and not of those who labor to earn it to buy 

bread. Our dollar is not so large as the largest silver coins of the leading gold countries of Europe. The English crown-piece is worth $1.12; 

the Netherland rix.dollar $1.01-l. The German 5-;mark piece $1.07-l. 

Taking these countries as an example, then, there seems no need for dispensing with the dollar on account of its size, or for disturbing its position as a part of tba t currency which serves the purposes of every-day business. So far would that course fail to prove beneficial to the laboring man that in my opinion itwould positively injure him. He would not 

only be compelled to receive the inferior coin and lose thereby 28 grains 

of silver in every dollar, but he would lose the inestimable tears of the 

bondholders and the banks, who now not only make their own faces 

''foul with weeping '' over his wrongs, but hire great newspapers and 

orators, like Eastern mourners, to howl over him also. Let their ends 

be oocomplished by the repeal of the Bland act and the degradation of 

silver, and the sincerity of their consolation could alone be equaled by 

the hypocrisy of their present grief. Insta.nt.ly they would exchange 

"the oil of joy for mourning, and the garment of praise for the spirit 

of heaviness." 

Again, it is said thn.t it is necessary to adopt a gold standard in order 

to enable ns to conduct successfully our commerce with foreign coun- tries. It is admitted thn,t where money passes in foreign trade gold is 

demanded; but it must be rememl>ered that it is only the balances that 

remain after the year's dealings between the two countries that require 

to be paid in specie. For six years past, with the exception of one year, 

those balances have been in our favor to the extent of$100,000,000per 

annum, and the money was due to us. So long as prohibitory tariffs 

continuetopreventforeigntradethesebalanceswillcontinueinourfavor, 

unless, indeedr retaliatory tariffs should shut us out of a foreign market 

for our breadstuffs and provisions, which I think quite probable when- ever Europe can arrange, as England is now successfully doing, to get · its supplies from some other source. But suppose these balances were against us and had to be paid in gol<l, 

what then? Nobody proposes to demonetize gold or discourage its use in anyway. On the contrary, by keeping a full supply of silver in circulation more gold could be spared for the use of foreign commerce. Even if the importers had to pay a premium for sterling bills to pay 

this balance what would be their loss compared to that of the general 

public, which would follow the striking down of one of the great metals 

whichhassustaine4all commerce, foreignand domestic, while plunging 

the country into all the evils of contraction? With exchange against us the import trade would indeed be put to some disadvantage, but with an abundance of silver and certificates representing silver inactive circulation business would nevertheless be prosperous and prices well 

maintained. We could spare the gold necessary to settle our balances. 

But suppose that we had no money but this $550,000,000 in gold, how 

much more ruinous it would be to all the interests of our people to send 

one-fifth of it abroad annually with nothing to take its place. 

The total aggregate of our foreign trade is about $1,500,000,000, but 

who can estimate the value of our domestic trade? Our manufactures 

and agricultural products combined exceed $8,000,000,000, and how 

often these vast values change hands who can tell? This should re- ceive our first and most earnest attention; the welfare and convenience 

of this grand hive of active humanity should first of all be consulted by us in the adjustment of this great question. . But it is said that so much silver will eventually drive gold out of 

the country; that, accordingt.o a well-known law of finance, the cheaper 

metal will drive out the dearer. This is called Gresham's law. If 

this be true, and if we are in a position where that law is likely to exert 

its force, why has there not been already some indication of its effects? 

It has been more than seven years since we resumed the coinage of 

the silver dollar and made it a full legal tender. During this period the 

volume of silver coin has swollen from $106,573,803 to $307,658,827 on thelst ofNovember, 1885. According to the argument of the gold 

people, that ought to have displaced and driven out of the country at 

least an equal amount of gold. Strange to say, the very reverse has . taken place. On the 1st of January, 1879, but a few months after the 

passage of the Bland act, the amount of gold and bullion in the coun- try was $278,310,126; on the 1st day of November, 1885, the amount 

of gold coin and bullion in the country was $586,727,787. It had more than doubled in six years. During the year just past it was silver 

that went abroad to the extent of $13,835,220in excess of imports; and 

it was gold that came in to the extent of $8,397,887 in excess of exports. Here again" the dog it was that died." (Seethe Comptroller's report, 

page 63.) ' · 

This remarkable exhibit, so confounding to the prophecies of the gold 

advocates, shows two things conclusively: first, that the addition of the 

215,000,000 of silver dollars to our metn.llic currency was a welcome 

and much-needed one, since it not only helped to swell the volume of 

currency and avert contraction, but it has served to attract additional 

gold; and second, that Gresham's law, which declares that cheap money 

will drive out dear money, only operates upon that portion of a currency which is not needed and is in excess of the demand of trade. No 

kind of money which is current at· all will leave a country where there 

is an active demand for it, unless indeed the demand for it elsewhere 

is much more active. The ·contraction of bank-note circulation caused 

by the gradual paying off of our bonds, coupled with the premium on them,hascreatedandwillcreateinthefnturea·demandforspeciesogreat 

that gold -alone cannot supply it; it will require both silver and gold. 

When we consider our wondrous increase in wealth and-population and 

the shortening supply of the precious metals, especially of gold, it would seem to bE\_the part of wisdom to encourage the use of both. 

There can be no danger of too much. In apology for the amount of 

silver which is held in the Treasury we are told on all sides that it is 

impossible to force it into circulation; that when it is paid out it invariably :finds its way M.ck to the Treasury; and this is considered 

conclusive proof that the people do not like the money. This is not a fair statement. In the :first place~ it is a legal tender in the pn.yment 

of all public debts, and it is well known that silver is not offered tO the 

bond-holding creditors. It is therefore not impossible to force it into 

circulation.- There is certainly a way to pay it out if there was a will 

to do so. The only way by which silver could :find its way back into 

the Treasury is in the payment of taxes. Now, as the payment of taxes 

is generally considered to he a compulsory rather than a voluntary operation, it is hardly fair, I submit, to say that a man do-es not like money 

because be is compelled to pay it out. But suppose it does come back 

totheTreasury-whatthen? My advice is payitout again, andagain, as often as it comes back. That, if I understand anything about it, is 

the proper use of money. 

Mr. President, when we come to reflect upon all that has been done 

to disparage silver, its defense of itself must be considered the best evidence of ii:B stability that could be offered. It has been assailed in 

every conceivable direction. It has been stabbed and betrayed in the 

house of its friends, whose duty it was made by law to protect it. In 

1873 it was demonetized because it was worth more than gold and would 

not circulate; they seek in 1886 to demonetize it because it is worthless 

than gold and will cir~ulate. The fad that in spite of all these assaults 

it is only worth 20 per cent. less than gold and that it will still buy as much_ of the necessaries of life as it ever would, and even as much as gold, is a stronger ·argument in behalf of its stability' and value _as a medium of exchange than any I could make. No wonder it is so popular with the people. J>erhaps the most tinfaittreatment which it has 

received consists in the refusal of the Government to pay it to the public 

creditors as required by law and contract. The anxiety manifested by our Government to pay these creditors something more than they are entitled to receive has, I will venture to say, never been equaled by 

that of any other people since nations began to borrow money. 

Innootherinstancein our history, if in this, have our executive qfficials 

been vested with the discretion of obeying or disobeying the laws as they 

may deem proper, and setting at defiance the people's will as expressed 

through their representatives. I am quite sure that no other country 

under the sun but ours ever felt itself COD?-pelled to borrow money to 

meet its obligations and complain at the same time that the legal money 

called for by those obligations was so abundant in its vaults that the care of it was n. burden· and a nuisance ! A slow flash of lightning, or an honest thief, or a truthful liar are all things which may be conceived 

of-nay, by the aid. of a very vivid imagination one may even form an idea of the existence of a sincere believer iD. civil-serVice reform; -but it 

is hard, indeed, to imagine a government so rich in coin that it is com- pelled to borrow money to pay its debts. 

Can such things be, and oYercomc us Like a summer's cloud? 

How long will the American people submit to have their :finances con- trolled by·combinn.tion.s of money? When wilJ. they .rise and assert their own interests under the beneficent and venerable democratic maxim, 

"The greatest good to the greatest number? 1 ' 

The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JONES, of Arkansas, in the chair). 

Will the Senator from North Carolina suspend to allow the Chair to 

present the regular order for this hour, being the bill (S. 6) fixi.tlg the 

salaries of the several judges of the United States district courts at $5,000 

per annum, and for other purposes? 

Mr. HARRIS. I ask unanimous consent of the Senate t hat t hat bill 

be informally laid aside until the Senator from North Carolina can con- clude his remarks on the pending resolution. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to that suggestion? 

The Chn.ir hears none ; and the Senn.tor from North Cn.rolina will proceed. 

Mr. VANCE. Mr. President, I havescarcel_yeYerspokenin this Cham· 

her without taking occasion to warn my countrymen against the dangers which were approaching them in the shape of plutocratic rule. 

The combinations of capital are many, ingenious, and powerful. The 

aim of all such combinations is the acquisition of wealth. The rights, 

privileges, and liberties of the people that stand in the way of this object are unhesitatingly sacrificed. Such is the very nature of _such a pursuit. The men engaged in them are individun.lly no better and no worse than other men; they onJ y follow their selfish instincts; u nd they are only more dangerous than other men because they have more power. 1\iy opposition arises to them bec..'tuse·their interest is opposed to that 

of the many-the· people. 
1886.· CONGRESSIONAL RECORP-SEN.A'l'E. 609 

I believe with all my heart in the many ruling the few, and not the 

few ruling the many. In my opini9n one of the very greatest of the 

many great dangers which threaten the prosperity of our people consists 

in the very manifest endeavor of the national banks to usurp the entire 

control of the currency of this country by degrading the mm1ey of the 

peo_Qle, silver-retiring greenbacks, the money of the Government, 

and making their own nows the sole circulation of' this great Confed- eration~ On this subject I submit the wise and vigorous words of 

Thomas II. Benton. On the-question of private banks of issue he went on to ~rgue the question at length of a bank-paper circulation, and said as follows: 

It is too great a power to be trusted to any banking company wbat.ever, or to any authority but the highest and most responsible known to our form of gov- ernment. · . The Government itself ceases to be independent, it ceases to be safe, when the national currency is at the will of a company. 'l'be Government can undertake no great enterprise, neither of war nor peace, without the consent and co-operation of this company; ilca.n not count its rev- enues for six months ahead without referring to the action of this company-its 

friendship or its enmity, its convenience or its opposition-to see how far that company will permit money to be scarce or to be plentiful; how far it will let the money system go on regularly or throw it into disorder; how far it will suit the interests or policy of that company to create a tempest or suffer a calm in the moneyed ocean. The people are not safe when such a company has such a power. The temptat-ion is too great, the opportunity too easy to put up and 'put 

down prices; to rpake or break fortunes; to bring the whole community on its knees to the Neptune who presides over the flux and reflux of paper. All prop- erty is at their ruercy. The price of real estate, of every growing erop, of every sta.ple article in the market is at their command. Stocks are their playthings, their gambling thea- ter, on which they gamble daily with as little secrecy and as little morality and far more mischief to f~rtunes than common gamblers carry on their operations. 

Mr. President, no reader of history can fail to be impressed with the 

indispensa.ble necessity of an abundance of the preciou.s metals to the 

prosperity_ of our race individually and collectively. Money has in all 

ages been the chief minister of civilization, the main support of the com- fort and happiness of man in_ the things of time. From the day when 

Abraham paid for the field of Machpelah with shekels of silver current 

money with the merchant, and the Prince of Uz spoke of its vein in 

the rockB; when the Chaldean wOI"shiped theglitteringbosts of heaven 

and the Iranian prophets kindled their sacred fires on the hill-tops of our mother-land to this hour, silv£r and gold have sustained, fostered, and 

enriched men and nations, and without them there has been no wealth or art, no power or progress, no might or dominion over either man or nature. 

Wherever nations had silver and gold, they were superior to 'those who 

had them not. Whenever a nation lost its proper supply of them it 

lost its prosperity and began to decay. The most philosophic of modern 

historians ascribes the decline and full of the Roman Empire chiefly to 

th~ failure of its supply of gold and silver by the exhaustion of the 

mines of Greece and Spain, rather than to the commonly accept-ed 

causes;· and the hard and cruel centuries which followed, called the 

Dark Ages, owed their hardness and their darkness to the want of the 

precious metals in quantities sufficient to stimulate the arts and industries of civilization. 

In the Augustan Age the a.mohnt of gold and silver in use was estimated at $1,800,000,000. By the fifteenth century this bad shrunk to 

$200,000,000. Theopeningofthe New World, with its mines in Mexico 

and Peru, says the same historian (Allison), changed the face of the 

world: 

The annual supply of the precious metals for the use of the globe w·as tripled. Before a century had expired the prices of every species of produce had quadrupled. The weight of debt and taxes insensibly wore off under the influ- ence of the prodigious increase; in the renovation of industry the relations of society were changed, the weight of feudalism cast off, the rights of man estab- lished. 

In England at the close of the Napoleonic .wars silver was demonetized by a Parliament elected by the pocket and rotten-borough system, 

in which the great bulk and heart of the English people were.u.tterly 

ignored. The ruin, suffering, and despair w:pich ensued for many years are well known to all :readers of English history and loudly warn us against a similar crime. In Germany, too, themoney-lordstookadvanta.ge of the receipt of the enormous war indemnity paid by France to se- cure the demonetization of silver, and from that day to this Germany 

has been suffering all the horrors of a contracted currency. The loss 

of the government in the sale of its dishonored silver alone, it is said, 

has already cost her·more than the support of her vast armies, while 

that is small indeed compared to the losses of her people in the reduction of prices and wages of labor. France, the peculiar country ofsihrer, was not injured half so much by her defeat and grand payment of that 

indemnity as was Germany by this self-inflicted wound. Even as I 

speak, the petitions of her peasants and farmers and indebted classes are pouring in upon her Parliament and chancellor to restore silver and save them from ruin. Since that gold policy was adopted we have 

received at least two millions and a half of her people as emigrants. 

So tho effect upon the commerce and industry of the world by Californian and Australian gold, within the memory of us all, furnishes 

another eloquent example of the hlessin~ of abundant money. In the 

nature of things we can not have too much. There is no time recorded 

in history when there was more than the energy of man could turn to 

profit of both metals. The predictions of the money-lords, who have 

XVII-30 

taken the place of the feudal lords in the tyrannical domination of the 

people, are false and interested. There is not enough of either silver or gold in the world. The decline· of silver is the result of their own schemes. If they would work as hard to restore it as they have to degrade it, and if our Government would aid them, it would be worth as much as gold in twelve months, in my opinion. Of one thing, however, 

you may rest assured, Mr. President: In this country, where the peoplo 

rule, silver is not going to be destroyed; they see the scheme; they are at last aroused, and those who stand in their way would do '\yell to get 

out of it. Silver money has stood by them and their fathers, and they 

and their children will stand bv it. 

Mr. BROWN. On Thursday last I gave notice that I would ask to be 

heard on the silver question at 2 o'clock to-day. On account of a. severe attack of sore throat and hoarseness I am not able to speak to-day. I 

shall therefore ask the Senate on Thursday next, at 2 o'clock; to permit me to be heard on that question. 

Mr. 1\I.AXEY. I give notice that at the conclusion of the speech of 

the Senator from Georgia [Mr. BROWN] on Thursday next I shall ~ 

the J>rivilege of the Senate to submit some remarks also on the resolution of the Senator from Kentucky. 

Mr. INGALLS. I movethatthe Senate proceed t9 theconsideration 

of executive business. - The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BLACKBURN in the chair). Will 

the Senator from Kansas withdraw his motion in order that the Chair 

may submit to the Senate certain communications from the President? 

Mr. INGALLS. ·For that purpose. 

FISHING RIGHTS UNDER TREATY OF WASHINGTON. 

The following message from the President of the United States was read, and, with the accompanying papers,, on motion of Mr. DA wxs, 

referred · to the Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be 

printed: · 

Tothe~te: 

I transmit herewith, in response to a resolution of the Senate of the 5th instant, a report of the Secretary of State, containing all the correspondence and infor- mation in the custody of his Department relative to the extension of certain fish- ing rights and privileges under the treaty of Washington from .July 1, 188.'5, to .January I, 1886. GROVER CLEVELAND, EXECUTIVE ~IANSION, 

Washington, Jam.u~ry 12, 1886. 

FRENCH SPOLIATION CLAIMS. 

The following message from the President of the United States was read, and, with the accompanying papers, on motion of Mr. DA wxs, 

ordered to lie on the table and be printed: 

To the Senate of the United States: 

I transmit herewith a communication from the Secretary of State, accompanied 

by a report of Ron . .James 0. Broadhead and ·::;omerville P. Tuck, appointed to carry out certain of the provisions of section 5 of an act entitled "An act topro- ,·ide for the ascertainment of claims of American citizens for spoliations commit- ted by the French prior lo the 31st day of .July, 1801," approved .January 20,1885. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. EXECUTIVE MANSION, 

lJiashington, January 12, 1886. 

TRIAL AND PUNISHMENT OF INDIANS. 

The following message from the President of the United States was read, and, with the accompanying papers, on motion of Mr. DAWES, 

referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed: 

To the Senate and House of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a communication of 2d instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers, a draught of a oill to amend sec- . tion 9 of the act of March 3,1885, relating to the trial and punishment oflndians committing certain specified crimes. . The subject is presented for the consideration and action of Congress. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. EXECUTIVE l\!A NSION, January 12, 1886. 

TEHUANTEPEC SHIP-RAILWAY. 

The following message from the President of the United States was rea-d, and ordered to lie on the table and be printed: 

To the Senate: 

·I transmit herewith a report of the Secretary of State, in response to a resolu- tion of the Senate of the 14th ultimo, requesting a copy of "any report of an act- ual instrumental survey of a line for a. ship-railroad across the Isthmus of Te· huantepec,and any map of the same thl\t has been made to, or placed on file in, any of the Executive Departmenls, and of any canal or canals designed to con.• nect such ship-railway with the Gulf of Mexico or the Pacific Ocean." 

EXECUTIVE MANSION, 

Washington, January 12, 1886. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. 

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICAN COMMISSION. 

The following message from the President of the United States was read: 

To the Senate and House of Representatives : 

In continuation of the message of my predecessor of the 13th of February last, I now transmit herewith a letter from the Secretary of State, which is accompa- nied by the final report of the commissioners appointed under the act of July 

7, 1884, to visit the States of Central and South America. 

EXECUTIVE MANSION, . 

Washington, January 12, 1886. 

GROVER 9LEVELAND. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The whole matter will be referred to 

the Committee on Printing, if there be no objection. 
610 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 12, 

Mr. COCKRELL. I was going to suggest a reference to the Committee on Printing, and that the former report and this one· ought to be 

printed together as one document. 

The PRESIDENT pro tmnpore. The reference is made. 

.AMENDMEL'IT TQ .A BILL. 

Mr. DOLPH. The Senator from Kansas yields to me to submit an amendment which I propose to offer to the bill (S. 506) for the relief of 

Emerson Etheridge and William B. Stokes, which I move be laid on the 

table and printed. 

The motion was agreed to. 

LIABILITY OF THE U.NITED STATES TO CITIZENS. 

Mr. DOLPH submitted the following resolutions; which were con- sidered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: 

.Resolved, That the Judiciary Committee be, and they are hereby, directed to consider and report whether or not a statute limiting the time wit bin which all 

actions and suits must be brought by the United States against its citizens is de- sirabl~ and, if in thejudgmentof the committee such a statute should be passed 

by Congress, to report a bill for that purpose. Resolved, That said committee be directed to consider and report to the Senate 

whether the United States ought to hold itself liable to its citizens sustaining 

injury and los on account. of the negligence or misconduct of its officers or agents, 

and, if so, in what ca'ses and to what extent; and that if said committee shall re- port that the United States ought to be held liable in any case to ita cit.izens for 

such injury and loss, it be directed to report a bill t-o define the liability of the 

Government a.nd to authorize suits t-o be brought against it in such cases, and 

specifying the courts in which the same maybe brought. the time within which 

they must be brought, and the manner of bringing and prosecuting the same to final judgment. 

!!IESS.AG:E FRO.l\f THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

CleJ:k, announeed that the Speaker of the House had appointed lli. 

0THO R. SINGLETON of .Mississippi, Mr. WILLIA.M L. WILSON of West 

Virginia, ancl Mr. WILLI.Al\f W .ALTER PHELPS of New Jersey as Re- . 

gent'> of the Smithsonian Institution. 

The message also announced that the House had passed the following 

billi; ancl joint resolution; in which the concurrence of the Senate was 

requested: · · A bill (H. R. 2) to -amend section 643 of the Revised Statutes of the 

United States; 

A bill (H: R. 1684) to authorize terms of the circuit court of the United 

States for the eastern judicial district of North Carolina at the city of 

Wilmington, in said district; and 

Joint resolution (H. Res. 76) fixing the time when the pay of certain 

clerks to committees of the House of Representatives shall begin . 

. EXECUTIVE SESSION. 

~Ir. INGALLS. I renew my motion that the Senate proceed to the 

consideration of executive business. 

The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business. After two hours and twenty-five minutes 

spent in executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 5 o'clock 

and 5 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned. • 

EXECUTIVE NOMINATIONS. 

.Received tlte 12th ilay of JanuarJi, 1886. 

POSTMASTERS. 

Russell Chapman, at San Rafael, in the county of :Marin and State 

of California, vice Simon F. Barstow, whose commission expires January 17, 1886. . · George H. Nichols, at Bath, in tbe county of Sagadahoc and State of 

Maine, vice William E. Hogan, whose commission expires January 17, 

1886. 

William F. Logan, at Williamsport, in the county of Lycoming and 

State of Pennsylvania, "''ice Frank J. Burrows, whose commission expires January 19, 1886. 

George B. Gerald, at Waco, in the county of McLannan and State of 

Texas, vice Oscar H. Leland, whose commissionexpiresJ an nary 17, 1886. 

De Witt C. Jones, at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State 

of Ohio, vice Lorenzo D. Myers. whose commission expires January 17, ~~ . 

Edmund_ Knapp, at Garrettsville, in the county of Portage and State 

of Ohio, 'Lice Solon J. Buttles, whose commission expires January 16, 

1886. 

William H. Harry, at Watseka, in the county of Iroquois and State 

of lllinois, •vice Sylvanus C. Munhall, resigned. 

Thomas Richards, at Stanford, in the county of Lincoln and State of 

Kentucky, vice Benjamin G. Alford, whose commission expires January 

17, 1886. 

Patrick Calligan, at Alpena, in the county of Alpena and State of 

Michigan, vice Charles W. Trask, whose commission expired December 

20, 1885. 

William H. 'Elgar, at Platteville, in the county of Grant and State 

of Wisconsin, vice Benjamin F. Wyne, whose commission expired December 16, 1885. 

George Crawford, at :Mineral Point, in the county of Iowa and State 

of Wisconsin, tice Philip Allen, jr., resigned. · 

CONFIRMATIONS. 

Nominations confirmed January 12, 1886. 

TO BE BRIGADIER-GENERAL. 

Colonel John Gibbon, of the Seventh Regiment of Infantry, J nJy 101 

1885. 

INSPECTOR-GENERAL'S DEP .ARTMENT. • 

Colonel Absalom Baird, Inspector-General, tO be Inspector-General, 

with the rank of brigadier-general,· September 22, 1885. 

SECRETARY OF LEGATION .AT ROME. 

Charle-s A. Dougherty, of Pennsylvania, to be secretary of the legation of the United States at Uome. 

COLLECTORS OF INTERNAL REVE "UE. 

George H. Davison, of Kentucky, to be collector of internal revenue for the sixth district of Kentucky. 

Huntet Wood, of Kentucky, appointed under a temporary commission during the recess of the Senate, to be collector of internal revenue fo:r the second district of Kentucky. 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF THE -ThTTE.RIOR. 

George A. Jenks, of Brookville, Pa., who was commissioned during 

the recess of the Senate, to be Assistant Secretary of the Interior. 

Henry L . .Muldrow, of Starkville, Miss., whowas commissionedduring the recess of the Senate, to be First Assistant Secretary of the Interior, to fill an original vacancy. 

DEPUTY COMMISSIONERS OF PENSIONS. 

William E. McLean, of Terre Haute, Ind., who was commissioned during the recess of the Senate, to be first deputy commissioner of pensions. 

Joseph J. Barlett, of New York city, who was commissioned during 

the recess of the Senate, to be second deputy commissioner of pensions. 

ASSISTANT S;ECRET.ARY 'OF THE TREASURY. 

William E. Smith, of New York, appointed uqder a temporary com- mission during the recess of the Senate, to be Assistant Secretary of the 

Treasury. 

TREASURER OF THE UNITED STATES. 

ConradN. Jordan, of New Jersey, appointed under a temporary com- mission during the recess of the Senate, to be Treasurer of the United Sta~. . 

.ASSISTANT TRE.AslJitlm. 

JamesW. Whelpley, of New York, appointed underatemporarycom- ~on during the recess of the Senate, to be.Assistant Treasurer of 

the United States . 

~!STANT COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS . . 

Robert B. Vance, of Asheville, N.C., who was commissioned. during 

the recess of the Senate, to be assistant commissioner of patents. 

POSTMASTERS. 

EugeneL. Brown, to be postmaster at Eufaula, in thecountyofBarbour and State of Alabama. 

Mary M. Force, to be postmaster at Selma, in the county of Dallas 

and State of Alabama. 

James T. Stuart, to be postmaster at Van Buren, in the county of 

Crawford and State of Arkansas. 

John W. Owens, to be postmaster at Jonesborough, in the county of 

Craighead and State of Arkansas. 

David Frakes, to be postmaster at Ouray, in the county of Ouray and 

State of Colorado. 

Benjamin Harrison, to be postmaster at Palatka, in the county of 

Putnam and State of Florida. 

H. H. Whit:fi.eld, to be postmaster at Hawkinsville, in the county of 

Pulaski and State of Georgia. 

Charles G. Kress, to be postmaster at Lewiston, in the county of Nez 

Perces and Territory of Idaho. 

:Mary Leveque, to be postmaster at Lake Charles, in the countyofCalcasieu and State of Louisiana. 

J. W. McMaster, to be postmaster at Hazelhurst, in the county of 

Copiah and State of Mississippi. 

T. J. Stokes, to be postmaster at Macon, in the county of Noxnbee 

and State of Mississippi 

G. W. Thomas, to be postmaster at Canton, in the county of Madison 

and State of Mississippi. . Harriet F. Cadmus, to be postmaster at South Amboy, in the county 

of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, whose commission expired October 14, 1885. 

Samuel A. Ashe, to be postmaster at Raleigh, in the county of Wake 

and State of North Carolina. 

Benjamin F. Huger, to be postmaster at Charleston, in the county of 

Charleston and State of South Carolina. 

Daniel C. Kirkley to be postmaster at Camden, in the county of Kershaw and State of South Carolina. 

Mary H. Edwards, to be postmaster at Cleveland, in the county of 

Bradley and State of Tennessee. 

John Slack, to be postmaster at Bristol, in the county of Sullivan and 

State of Tennessee. 
1886. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-~OUSE. 611 

Thomas R. Cocke, to be :postmaster at Victoria, in the .county of Victoria and State of Texas. . 

Albert C. Snyder, to be j)OStmaster at Cheyenne City, in the county 

of Laramie .and Territory of "Wyoming. 

W. C. Clark, to be postmaster at Paducah, in the county of McCracken 

·ana State of Kentucky. 

George C. Clisby, to be postmaster at Montgomery, in the county of 

Montgomery and State of Alabama. 

J. B. Cooke, to be postmaster at 1.1arion, in the county of Perry and 

State of Alabama. 

Daniel Liddell, to be postmaster at Gaasden, in the county or-Etowah 

and Stateof Alabama. 

..John W. McAlester, to be postmaster at Florence, in the county of 

Lauderdale and State of .AJ.a.bama. 

Reuben A. Mitchell, to be postmaster at {)pelika, in the county of 

Lee and State of Alabama. 

William H. Wilds, to be postmaster at Tuscaloosa, in the connty of 

Tuscaloosa and State of .Alabama. 

A. E. Buddecke, to be postmaster a.t Montrose, in the county of Montrose and State of Colorado. 

Thomas ll. Crawford, to be postmaster at Grand Junction, in the 

county of Mesa and State of Colorado. 

ltfatthew D. Crow, to be postmaster atPueblo, in the county of Pueblo 

and State of Colorado. 

Charles C. Hathaway, to be postmaster at Del Norte, in the county 

of Rio Grande and State of Colorado. 

Milton II. Huntress, to bep6stmaster at Breckenridge, in the county 

·of Summit n:nd State of Colorado. 

Lyma;n Thompson, to be postmaster ~t South Pueblo, in the county 

of I>ueblo and St:l.te of Co~orado. 

C. C. Colclo, to be postmaster at Carroll, in the county of Carroll and 

State of Iow:1.. 

Thomas Hardeman, to bepostmasteriJ.tMacon, inthecounty()fBibb 

ano State ()f Georgia. 

William :Milner, to be postmaste!' ~t Cartersville, in the ·county of 

.Bartow and State of Georgia. 

llenjamin E. Rn se11, to be postmaster nt Bainbridge, in the county 

of Decatur and State of Georgia. 

Y. G. Rust., t.o be postmaster at Albany, in the county of Dougherty 

and State of Georgia. 

Charles noerr, to beJ>ostmaster at Fort Mailison, in the county of Lee 

and State of Iowa. 

Henry Bews, to be postmaster at Hailey, in the county of Alturas 

and Territory of Idaho. 

Charles A. Foster, 'to be lJOstmaster at Bellevue, in the county of AI-· 

turas and Territory of Idaho. . E. B. Williams, to be postmaster a.t IIctch~, in the county of A)-

turas and Territory of Idaho. 

A. H. Dudley, to be postmaster .at Princeton, in the county-of Caldwell and State of Kentucky. 

Thomas 1\1. Goodknight, to be postmaster :at Franklin, in the county 

of Simpson and State of Kentucky. · 

James Kennady, to be postmaster at Owensborough, in ·the county 

ofDa.viess and State ofKentucky. 

James R. :Marrs, to be postmaster at Danville, in the county of :Boyle 

and State of Kentucky. 

Samuel 1\L Peacock, to be postmaster at Lancaster, in the county of 

Garrard and State of Kentucky. 

E. H. Porter, to be postmaster at Bow1ing Green, in the county of 

Warren and State of Kentucky. 

Augustine C. "Respess, to -be postmaster at .Maysville, in the county 

of Mason and .State of Kentuck_y. 

William W. Wathen, to belJostmaster.JJ.tLebanon, :in the county of 

M.:'l.rion and State of Kentucky. 

James D. ·watson, to be postmaster at Mayfield, in the county of 

Graves and State of Kentucky. 

Mrs.. 0. A. Hastings, to be postmaste-r at Port Gibson, in 'the county 

of Claiborne .nnd State of Mississippi. 

James C. Reeo, to be -postmaster at Corinth, in the county .of .Alcorn 

and State of 1\lississippi. 

Fred. B. Bardon, to be postmaster at Madison, in the -county of Mor~ 

ris nnd State of New J e:rsey. · 

William H. "Bennett, to be postmaster at Long .Branch, in the county 

of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. 

Thomas G. Btinnell, to be postmaster at Newton, in the county of 

Sussex and State of New Jersey. · 

George W. Evans, to be postmaster at Ocean Grov-e, in the county of 

1\Iomnonth and State of New Jersey. 

John Fothergill, to be postmaster .at Perth Amboy, in the county of 

Middlesex -and State of New Jersey. 

A.·ugustus W. Irons, to be J>Osbnaster at Tom's River, in the county 

• of Ocean and State of New Jersey. 

Jacob G. "Van Riper, to be postmaster nt .Rutherford, in the county 

of Bergen and State ofNew Jersey. 

Charles Rittenhouse, to be.postmaster at -:Hackettstown, in the county 

of Warren aud State of New Jersey. 

William X. Vansciver, tO he J>Ostmaster at Beverly, in the county of 

Btrilington and State of New .Jersey. 

William G. Lewis, to be postmaster at Statesville, in the county of 

Iredell and State ofNorth Carolina. · 

B. F. Cheatham, to be postmaster at Nashville, in the county ofDavidson and State of Tennessee. 

James M. King, to be postma.ster.at.Knoxville, in the county of Knox 

and State of Tennessee. 

Thomas J. Lane, to be postmaster at Greeneville, in the county of 

Greene and State of Tennessee. 

Henry Clay McLaurine, to be postmaster at Pulaski, in the county of 

Giles and State of Tennessee. 

William L. Norton,' to be postmaster at Tullahoma, in the county of 

Coffee and State of Tennessee. • Samuel W. Shields, to be postmaster at Morristown, in the county of 

Hamblen and State of Tennessee. 

Frank White, to be postmaster at Murfreesborough, in the county of 

Rutherford and State of Tennessee. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

TUESDAY, January 12, 188G. 

TheHousemetat12 o'cloCk m. P.r.ayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W.H. 

11:1ILBURN, D. D. 

The Clerk proceeded to read the Journal of the proceedings of yes~ 

terday. 

Mr. BLANCHARD. J: move that the.reading of so much of the Jour~ 

·mu as relates to the introduction and reference of bills and reso1utions 

be dispensed with. 

There being no objection, it was orilered .accordingly. 

The .Journal ~.read was approved. 

ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

The SPEAKER. In accordance with the rule the Chair will lay before the House seve-ral executive cOmmunications. 

COAST .A:ND .GEODETIC SURVEY. • 

The SPEAKER laid before the House a letter from tbe Secretary of 

the Treasury, transmitting a statement of the ex_penditnres--on account 

of the Coast and Geodetic Survey for theiiscal year-ending June 30, 

1885; which was Teferred to -the Committee on .Expenditures in tho 

Treasury Department, ·and ordered to be printed. 

"RECEIPTS A~"'D :EXPENDITURES FISCAL YEAR 1882. 

The SP.E.AKER also laid before the Rouse a letter from the -BecretaryoftheTreasury,transmitting detniled.aceountofihereceiJ)tBand 

expenditures of -the United -states for the :fiscal year ending J-une 30, 

1882; which -was referred to the Committee on Expenditures in the 

Treasury Department, .and ordered to be printed. -

:REFERENCE D.F .sENATE -BILLS. 

·The .SPEAKER also, in accordance --with the rule, laid before the 

Rouse .Senate bills of the fo1lowing titles; which were referred as .follows: · 

A bill (S . .10) to amend .an act enii-fJed '~act to :amend section 

5352 of the Revised Statutes of the United States in :reference to big~ 

amy, :and -for other1ffiiPoses," a:mrroved .March 22, '1882-to the· Com~ 

mittee on the J"ndiciary. 

A bill (S. 22) for the :relief of M.a:rtha.Mur_phy and J>. B. Murphyto the Committee on.Ap__propriations. 

4- hill (S. 68) .f:or the relief oi S . .B. Cranston, of Oregon-.to:the Committee on Claims. 

A bill (S. 82) to amend a-n --act entitled "An aet to amend the stat-

'llies :in :relation to immediate trnnsportation of dutiable goods, and 1'or 

other _purposes,'' .approved 'J nne 10, 1880~o the Committee -on Ways 

and Means. 

A bill (S. '141) to extend the prmisions of the act of June '10, 1880, 

eneitled ''An act to amend the statutes in :relation to immediate-tra.nsportation of dutiable ·goods, and for other purposes," to the _port of 

Omaha, in the State of Nebraska-to the Committee on Wa_ys and 

Means. 

A bill (S. 208) for-the relief of Alexander Swift & Co. and the Niles 

Works-to the "Committee on War Claims. 

A bill (S. 416) for the relief of J. W. "Lobban-to the Committee on Claims. 

A. bill (S. 633) to change the name of Uniontown to A:nacostia-to 

the Committee on -the District of Columbia. 

ACTS OF .ARIZONA. TERRITOBY. 

The SPEAKER also, in accordance with the statute, laid before the 

House a copy of the acts of the Legislature of the Territory of Arizona; 

which was referred to the Committee on the Territories. 

UKINDORSED PETITIONS. 

The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to call -the attention of members 

of the House to the fact that quite a number of petitions .and -memo:. rials have been sent to the petition~boxwithout anyindorsement n,I>On