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 Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2017-N-0007]
 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.
 ACTION: Notice.
 SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) is announcing the fee rate for using a material threat medical countermeasure (MCM) priority review voucher for fiscal year (FY) 2018. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act), as amended by the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act), authorizes FDA to determine and collect material threat MCM priority review user fees for certain applications for review of human drug products when those applications use a material threat MCM priority review voucher. These vouchers are awarded to the sponsors of material threat MCM applications that meet all of the requirements of this program upon FDA approval of such applications. The amount of the fee for using a material threat MCM priority review voucher is determined each FY based on the difference between the average cost incurred by FDA in the review of a human drug application subject to priority review in the previous FY, and the average cost incurred in the review of an application that is not subject to priority review in the previous FY. This notice establishes the material threat MCM priority review fee rate for FY 2018 and outlines the payment procedures for such fees.
 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Robert J. Marcarelli, Office of Financial Management, Food and Drug Administration, 8455 Colesville Rd., COLE-14202F, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-7223.


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:  I. Background Section 3086 of the Cures Act (Pub. L. 114-255) added section 565A to the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360bbb-4a). In section 565A of the FD&C Act, Congress encouraged development of material threat MCMs by offering additional incentives for obtaining FDA approval of such products. Under section 565A of the FD&C Act, the sponsor of an eligible material threat MCM application (as defined in section 565A(a)(4)) shall receive a priority review voucher upon approval of the material threat MCM application. The recipient of a material threat MCM priority review voucher may either use the voucher for a future human drug application submitted to FDA under section 505(b)(1) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 355(b)(1)) or section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262(a)), or transfer (including by sale) the voucher to another party. The voucher may be transferred (including by sale) repeatedly until it ultimately is used for a human drug application submitted to FDA under section 505(b)(1) of the FD&C Act or section 351(a) of the Public Health Service Act. A priority review is a review conducted with a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) goal date of 6 months after the receipt or filing date, depending on the type of application. Information regarding PDUFA goals is available at 
                    *https://www.fda.gov/​downloads/​forindustry/​userfees/​prescriptiondruguserfee/​ucm511438.pdf.* The applicant that uses a material threat MCM priority review voucher is entitled to a priority review of its eligible human drug application, but must pay FDA a material threat MCM priority review user fee in addition to any user fee required by PDUFA for the application. Information regarding the material threat MCM priority review voucher program is available at: 
                    *https://www.fda.gov/​EmergencyPreparedness/​Counterterrorism/​MedicalCountermeasures/​MCMLegalRegulatoryandPolicyFramework/​ucm566498.htm#prv.* This notice establishes the material threat MCM priority review fee rate for FY 2018 at $2,830,579 and outlines FDA's procedures for payment of material threat MCM priority review user fees. This rate is effective on October 1, 2017, and will remain in effect through September 30, 2018.
                    ( print page 45860) II. Material Threat Medical Countermeasure Priority Review User Fee for FY 2018 FDA interprets section 565A(c)(2) of the FD&C Act as requiring that FDA determine the amount of the material threat MCM priority review user fee each fiscal year based on the difference between the average cost incurred by FDA in the review of a human drug application subject to priority review in the previous fiscal year, and the average cost incurred by FDA in the review of a human drug application that is not subject to priority review in the previous fiscal year. A priority review is a review conducted with a PDUFA goal date of 6 months after the receipt or filing date, depending on the type of application. Under the PDUFA goals letter, FDA has committed to reviewing and acting on 90 percent of the applications granted priority review status within this expedited timeframe. Normally, an application for a human drug product will qualify for priority review if the product is intended to treat a serious condition and, if approved, would provide a significant improvement in safety or effectiveness. An application that does not receive a priority designation will receive a standard review. Under the PDUFA goals letter, FDA has committed to reviewing and acting on 90 percent of standard applications within 10 months of the receipt or filing date, depending on the type of application. A priority review involves a more intensive level of effort and a higher level of resources than a standard review. As interpreted by FDA, section 565A of the FD&C Act requires that the fee amount should be based on the difference between the average cost incurred by the Agency in the review of a human drug application subject to a priority review in the previous fiscal year, and the average cost incurred by the Agency in the review of a human drug application not subject to a priority review in the previous fiscal year. FDA is setting a fee for FY 2018, which is to be based on standard cost data from the previous fiscal year, FY 2017. However, the FY 2017 submission cohort has not been closed out yet, thus the cost data for FY 2017 are not complete. The latest year for which FDA has complete cost data is FY 2016. Furthermore, because FDA has never tracked the cost of reviewing applications that get priority review as a separate cost subset, FDA estimated this cost based on other data that the Agency has tracked. FDA uses data that the Agency estimates and publishes on its Web site each year—standard costs for review. FDA does not publish a standard cost for “the review of a human drug application subject to priority review in the previous fiscal year.” However, we expect all such applications would contain clinical data. The standard cost application categories with clinical data that FDA publishes each year are: (1) New drug applications (NDAs) for a new molecular entity (NME) with clinical data and (2) biologics license applications (BLAs). The standard cost worksheets for FY 2016 show standard costs (rounded to the nearest hundred dollars) of $5,929,100 for an NME NDA, and $4,887,100 for a BLA. Based on these standard costs, the total cost to review the 49 applications in these two categories in FY 2016 (27 NME NDAs with clinical data and 22 BLAs) was $267,601,900. (
                    **Note:**
                     These numbers exclude the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief NDAs; no investigational new drug review costs are included in this amount.) Twenty-three of these applications (14 NDAs and 9 BLAs) received priority review, which would mean that the remaining 26 received standard reviews. Because a priority review compresses a review schedule that ordinarily takes 10 months into 6 months, FDA estimates that a multiplier of 1.67 (10 months divided by 6 months) should be applied to non-priority review costs in estimating the effort and cost of a priority review as compared to a standard review. This multiplier is consistent with published research on this subject that supports a priority review multiplier in the range of 1.48 to 2.35 (Ref. 1). Using FY 2016 figures, the costs of a priority and standard review are estimated using the following formula: (23 α × 1.67) + (26 α) = $267,601,900 Where “α” is the cost of a standard review and “α times 1.67” is the cost of a priority review. Using this formula, the cost of a standard review for NME NDAs and BLAs is calculated to be $4,154,664 (rounded to the nearest dollar) and the cost of a priority review for NME NDAs and BLAs is 1.67 times that amount, or $6,938,289 (rounded to the nearest dollar). The difference between these two cost estimates, or $2,783,625, represents the incremental cost of conducting a priority review rather than a standard review. For the FY 2018 fee, FDA will need to adjust the FY 2016 incremental cost by the average amount by which FDA's average costs increased in the 3 years prior to FY 2017, to adjust the FY 2016 amount for cost increases in FY 2017. That adjustment, published in the 
                    **Federal Register**
                     on September 14, 2017 (see 82 FR 43244 at 43245), setting FY 2018 PDUFA fees, is 1.6868 percent for the most recent year, not compounded. Increasing the FY 2016 incremental priority review cost of $2,783,625 by 1.6868 percent (or 0.016868) results in an estimated cost of $2,830,579 (rounded to the nearest dollar). This is the material threat MCM priority review user fee amount for FY 2018 that must be submitted with a priority review voucher for a human drug application in FY 2018, in addition to any PDUFA fee that is required for such an application. III. Fee Schedule for FY 2018 The fee rate for FY 2018 is set out in table 1: Table 1—Material Threat Medical Countermeasure Priority Review Schedule for FY 2018
Fee category
Fee rate for FY 2018Application submitted with a material threat MCM priority review voucher in addition to the normal PDUFA fee
$2,830,579
 IV. Implementation of Material Threat Medical Countermeasure Priority Review User Fee Under section 565A(c)(4)(A) of the FD&C Act, the priority review user fee is due upon submission of a human drug application for which the priority review voucher is used. Section 565A(c)(4)(B) of the FD&C Act specifies that the application will be considered incomplete if the priority review user fee and all other applicable user fees are not paid in accordance with FDA payment procedures. In addition, section 565A(c)(4)(C) specifies that FDA may not grant a waiver, exemption, reduction, or refund of any fees due and payable under this section of the FD&C Act. FDA's appropriation for FY 2018, states specifically that “medical 
                    ( print page 45861)
                    countermeasure priority review voucher user fees authorized by 21 U.S.C. 360bbb-4a, shall be credited to this account, to remain available until expended.” (Pub. L. 115-31, Division A, Title VI). The material threat MCM priority review fee established in the new fee schedule must be paid for any application that is received on or after October 1, 2017, and submitted with a priority review voucher. This fee must be paid in addition to any other fee due under PDUFA. Payment must be made in U.S. currency by electronic check, check, bank draft, wire transfer, credit card, or U.S. postal money order payable to the order of the Food and Drug Administration. The preferred payment method is online using electronic check (Automated Clearing House (ACH) also known as eCheck). Secure electronic payments can be submitted using the User Fees Payment Portal at 
                    *https://userfees.fda.gov/​pay.*
                     (
                    **Note:**
                     only full payments are accepted. No partial payments can be made online.) Once you search for your invoice, select “Pay Now” to be redirected to 
                    *Pay.gov.*
                     Note that electronic payment options are based on the balance due. Payment by credit card is available for balances that are less than $25,000. If the balance exceeds this amount, only the ACH option is available. Payments must be made using U.S. bank accounts as well as U.S. credit cards. FDA has partnered with the U.S. Department of the Treasury to use 
                    *Pay.gov,*
                     a web-based payment application, for online electronic payment. The 
                    *Pay.gov*
                     feature is available on the FDA Web site after the user fee ID number is generated. If paying with a paper check the user fee identification (ID) number should be included on the check, followed by the words “Material Threat Medical Countermeasure Priority Review.” All paper checks must be in U.S. currency from a U.S. bank made payable and mailed to: Food and Drug Administration, P.O. Box 979107, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000. If checks are sent by a courier that requests a street address, the courier can deliver the checks to: U.S. Bank, Attention: Government Lockbox 979107, 1005 Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101. (
                    **Note:**
                     This U.S. Bank address is for courier delivery only. If you have any questions concerning courier delivery, contact the U.S. Bank at 314-418-4013. This telephone number is only for questions about courier delivery). The FDA post office box number (P.O. Box 979107) must be written on the check. If needed, FDA's tax identification number is 53-0196965. If paying by wire transfer, please reference your unique user fee ID number when completing your transfer. The originating financial institution may charge a wire transfer fee. If the financial institution charges a wire transfer fee, it is required to add that amount to the payment to ensure that the invoice is paid in full. The account information is as follows: U.S. Dept. of Treasury, TREAS NYC, 33 Liberty St., New York, NY 10045, Account Number: 75060099, Routing Number: 021030004, SWIFT: FRNYUS33, Beneficiary: FDA, 8455 Colesville Rd., 14th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002. V. Reference The following reference is on display in the Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, and is available for viewing by interested persons between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. 1. Ridley, D.B., H.G. Grabowski, and J.L. Moe, “Developing Drugs for Developing Countries,” 
                        *Health Affairs,*
                         vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 313-324, 2006. Dated: September 28, 2017. Anna K. Abram, Deputy Commissioner for Policy, Planning, Legislation, and Analysis.


[FR Doc. 2017-21191 Filed 9-29-17; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P