[Cite as Hadder v. Hadder, 2014-Ohio-5263.]

 

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO 

 SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT 

 MONTGOMERY COUNTY 

SUE A. HADDER : 

: Appellate Case No. 26183 

Plaintiff-Appellee : 

: Trial Court Case No. 11-DR-389 

v. : 

: 

THOMAS L. HADDER : (Civil Appeal from Common Pleas 

: (Court, Domestic Relations) 

Defendant-Appellant : 

: 

. . . . . . . . . . . 

O P I N I O N

Rendered on the 26th day of November, 2014. 

. . . . . . . . . . . 

ELIZABETH J. HENLEY, Atty. Reg. #0034207, Talbott Tower, Suite 1205, 131 North 

Ludlow Street, Dayton, Ohio 45402 

Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee, Sue A. Hadder 

 

LAURA L. KENDELL, Atty. Reg. #0072490, and BRIAN D. HUELSMAN, Atty. Reg. 

#0055444, Moore & associates, 262 James E. Bohanan Memorial Drive, Vandalia, Ohio 

45377 

Attorneys for Defendant-Appellant, Thomas Hadder 

ALEXANDER ARESTIDES, Atty. Reg. #0079608, 1100 Courthouse Plaza SW, 10 North 

Ludlow Street, Dayton, Ohio 45402 

Attorney for Defendant-Appellee, Wright Patt Credit Union 
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FAIN, J. 

{¶ 1} Appellant Thomas Hadder appeals from a judgment and decree of divorce 

rendered by the Montgomery County Common Pleas Court, Domestic Relations Division. 

Mr. Hadder contends that the trial court erred in concluding that an annuity retirement account 

constituted marital property. He further contends that the trial court erred by requiring him to 

reimburse Ms. Hadder for marital funds he expended on his mother’s estate and on his 

attorney fees. Mr. Hadder also contends that the trial court abused its discretion with regard 

to the division of medical bills incurred during the marriage. Finally, he contends that the 

trial court erred by failing to conclude that Ms. Hadder committed financial misconduct during 

the course of the proceedings. 

{¶ 2} We conclude the Mr. Hadder failed to demonstrate error with regard to the division of 

the annuity retirement account. We further find no abuse of discretion regarding the 

requirement that Mr. Hadder reimburse Ms. Hadder one-half of the marital monies 

expended for his mother’s estate and his attorney fees. Likewise, we find no abuse of 

discretion in the division of the medical bills. Finally, Mr. Hadder failed to establish any 

evidence of financial misconduct. 

{¶ 3} Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court is Affirmed. 

I. The Course of Proceedings

{¶ 4} Sue and Thomas Hadder were married on October 23, 1982. Ms. Hadder 

filed a complaint for divorce in April 2011. Along with the complaint for divorce, she filed a 

motion to restrain Mr. Hadder from improper use of certain financial accounts during the 
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pendency of the divorce. 

{¶ 5} A hearing was conducted in June 2013. Of relevance hereto, the trial 

court found that Mr. Hadder failed to demonstrate that he was entitled to receive a separate 

award of a portion of an annuity retirement account held with Jackson National Life. The 

trial court ordered Mr. Hadder to reimburse Ms. Hadder one-half of the marital monies he 

expended to pay his attorney fees, and one-half of the marital monies expended with regard to 

his mother’s estate. The trial court ordered Ms. Hadder to pay 35% of the medical bills 

incurred by Mr. Hadder during the marriage. Finally, the trial court concluded that Mr. 

Hadder failed to establish any financial misconduct on the part of Ms. Hadder. 

{¶ 6} Mr. Hadder appeals. 

II. The Trial Court Did Not Err in Finding that a Jackson Life Annuity 

Was Completely Marital Property, Because the Husband Failed 

to Trace the Funds Going into that Annuity Satisfactorily 

{¶ 7} Mr. Hadder’s First and Second Assignments of Error state: 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW BY FINDING 

THAT THE JACKSON NATIONAL LIFE ANNUITY WAS COMPLETELY 

MARITAL, INSTEAD OF FINDING THAT A PORTION OF IT WAS 

APPELLANT’S SEPARATE PROPERTY. 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW BY 

DETERMINING THAT APPELLANT DID NOT TRACE PREMARITAL 

FUNDS INTO HIS JACKSON NATIONAL LIFE ANNUITY. 
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{¶ 8} Mr. Hadder contends that 26.02% of the funds held in annuities with 

Jackson National Life constitute his separate property, and that the trial court erred by failing 

to award him that portion as his separate property. 

{¶ 9} Mr. Hadder was employed by GLS/Composite One (GLS) in 1976. He 

became eligible to participate in the company retirement plan on January 1, 1977. He and 

Ms. Hadder did not marry until October 23, 1982; almost six years after his eligibility date. 

He ended his employment with the company in June 1999, at which time the retirement 

account was valued at $318,775.75. 

{¶ 10} There is no evidence in the record to indicate how much money Mr. 

Hadder placed into the retirement account prior to the marriage. There is evidence 

demonstrating that the company began matching his contributions to the retirement account 

after the date of the marriage. The evidence shows that Mr. Hadder earned $16,500 annually 

when he began working for GLS. His annual income was $29,650 when he and Ms. Hadder 

married. At the time he left the company in 1999, Mr. Hadder was earning $110,203. 

{¶ 11} According to Mr. Hadder, he rolled the entire GLS retirement account 

into several other retirement accounts, which were ultimately rolled into annuity accounts 

with Jackson National Life. He contends that a portion of the Jackson National Life 

annuities constitutes pre-marital property, which the trial court should have awarded solely to 

him. 

{¶ 12} The evidence supports a finding that in 1999, Mr. Hadder rolled over the 

sum of $284,664.27 into a Morgan Stanley Dean Witter (Morgan Stanley) account with a 

number ending in 57799, and that he rolled over the sum of $36,585 into a different Morgan 
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Stanley account with a number ending in 60051. This depleted the GLS retirement fund. 

{¶ 13} There is also evidence that from the Morgan Stanley account ending in 

57799, Hadder rolled the sum of $93,533.30 into another Morgan Stanley account ending in 

18246. From account 57799, he also rolled the sum of $26,232.69 into an account with an 

investment company titled Linsco. The evidence shows that the sum of $102,603.74 was 

taken later from Morgan Stanley account number 18246 and placed into the same Linsco 

account. There is evidence to support the trial court’s finding that the sum of $128,836.43 

was taken from the Linsco account and placed into a Jackson National Life annuity account. 

{¶ 14} According to Mr. Hadder, $135,000 was also rolled from the Morgan 

Stanley account number 57799 into another Morgan Stanley account, number 122787; 

$66,550.07 of which was then rolled from account number 122787 into the Jackson National 

Life annuity account. 

{¶ 15} Mr. Hadder presented the testimony of John Bosse, a certified public 

accountant. Bosse testified that because the pre- and post-marital values of the original GLS 

account were not known, he used a time-value coverture fraction to determine that 26.02% of 

the account was premarital, with the remaining 73.98% constituting marital property. He 

testified that the same proportion of the Jackson National Life annuity was a premarital asset. 

 He admitted that this assumed that no other funds except the monies rolled from the original 

GLS retirement account were rolled into the annuity account. 

{¶ 16} Ms. Hadder presented the testimony of her accountant, Todd Fisher. 

Fisher testified that he utilized Mr. Hadder’s social security earnings statement to determine 

the premarital earnings, and the appropriate contribution level for the GLS retirement fund 
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prior to the marriage. Based upon this, he determined that the marital portion of the account 

was at least ninety percent. 

{¶ 17} The trial court found that Mr. Hadder failed to trace all of the GLS funds 

into the Jackson Life annuities. Specifically, the trial court concluded that he did not trace 

the funds from the Morgan Stanley account number 57799 into Morgan Stanley account 

number 122787. Furthermore, the trial court noted that Mr. Hadder deposited marital funds 

of at least $7,500 into the Linsco account. As previously noted, Bosse testified that, if any 

marital funds were deposited into the accounts, his coverture fraction calculation would be 

incorrect as to the annuities. Thus, the trial court found that Mr. Hadder failed to prove a 

value of his separate interest in the annuity account. 

{¶ 18} A domestic relation court has broad discretion in dividing marital assets. 

Smith v. Smith, 182 Ohio App.3d 375, 2009-Ohio-2326, 912 N.E.2d 1170, ¶ 15 (2d Dist.). 

Therefore, an appellate court should uphold the trial court’s decision regarding property 

divisions unless the trial court abused its discretion. Id., ¶ 16. A trial court abuses its 

discretion when its attitude is demonstrably unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable. 

Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983). 

{¶ 19} Based upon the evidence in this record, we conclude that the trial court 

did not abuse its discretion in its division of this property. While it is clear that some portion 

of the GLS funds were non-marital, Mr. Hadder was unable to demonstrate that the Jackson 

Life annuity account consisted solely of monies rolled over from the GLS retirement account, 

and also failed to demonstrate the amount of the annuity that should be considered 

non-marital, if any. 
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{¶ 20} Accordingly, the First and Second Assignments of Error are overruled. 

III. The Trial Court Did Not Err in Ordering the Husband to 

Reimburse the Wife for Monies Paid from Marital Funds Toward 

Expenses Incurred on his Separate, Inherited Property

{¶ 21} Mr. Hadder’s Third Assignment of Error is as follows: 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW IN FINDING 

THAT APPELLANT WAS UNJUSTLY ENRICHED UPON APPELLANT 

BEING REIMBURSED FOR EXPENSES HE PAID TOWARDS INHERITED 

REAL ESTATE. 

{¶ 22} Mr. Hadder contends that the trial court erred in ordering him to pay Ms. 

Hadder the sum of $5,406 as her one-half share of marital monies he paid toward expenses 

associated with his mother’s estate. 

{¶ 23} Mr. Hadder’s mother died in 2007. He and his brother inherited a home 

located in Vandalia, Ohio. It is not disputed that Mr. Hadder used marital funds to pay 

various expenses associated with that home. The record supports a finding that the total 

expended by Mr. Hadder from marital funds was $10,813.23. It is undisputed that 

Mr. Hadder was reimbursed for those expenses. 

{¶ 24} The trial court found it unclear where the reimbursement funds went. 

Mr. Hadder contends this was error because he established that the reimbursements were 

returned to marital accounts that were ultimately evenly divided between the parties. 

{¶ 25} The record supports a finding that Mr. Hadder did trace the monies he 

received as reimbursements into one bank account he admitted was held solely in his name, 
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as well as into a bank account jointly held with his brother. However, there is no evidence as 

to what was done with those monies thereafter. We find no evidence that the monies were, 

as Mr. Hadder claims, returned to a joint marital account, or that any of the money was 

otherwise given to Ms. Hadder. 

{¶ 26} Based upon this record, the trial court did not err in ordering Mr. Hadder 

to repay Ms. Hadder one-half of those monies. Accordingly, the Third Assignment of Error 

is overruled. 

IV. The Trial Court Did Not Abuse its Discretion in Ordering the Husband to 

Pay a Larger Percentage of his Medical Bills, in View of his Greater Income

{¶ 27} The Fourth Assignment of Error raised by Mr. Hadder provides: 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW BY 

ORDERING THE PARTIES TO AN [SIC] UNEQUAL SPLIT OF MEDICAL 

BILLS INCURRED DURING THE MARRIAGE. 

{¶ 28} Mr. Hadder contends that the trial court should have ordered Ms. 

Hadder to pay 50% of his medical bills incurred during the marriage. In support, he 

contends that the trial court based its decision to order Ms. Hadder to pay 35% of those 

medical bills on erroneous income figures for the parties. Specifically, he contends that the 

trial court erred in finding that his income was double that of Ms. Hadder’s income, and 

claims that both parties had approximately equal income at the time of the hearing. 

{¶ 29} We note that the trial court used income figures taken from Mr. Hadder’s 

financial disclosure form filed in 2011 in determining the amount of the parties’ income. 
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Although there was evidence that Ms. Hadder’s income would increase upon division of the 

retirement accounts, and that both parties had lost some 2012 annuity benefits, there was no 

evidence to indicate that Mr. Hadder’s income would not remain larger than that of Ms. 

Hadder. Thus, we find no abuse of discretion with regard to the trial court’s decision to 

order Ms. Hadder to pay less than fifty percent of the medical bills. 

{¶ 30} The Fourth Assignment of Error is overruled. 

V. The Trial Court Did Not Err in Ordering the Husband to Reimburse the Wife 

for a Portion of his Attorneys Fees that he Paid with Marital Funds

{¶ 31} Mr. Hadder’s Fifth Assignment of Error states: 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW BY 

ORDERING APPELLANT TO REIMBURSE APPELLEE FOR ATTORNEY 

FEES. 

{¶ 32} Mr. Hadder contends that the trial court erred by requiring him to repay 

Ms. Hadder one-half of the marital funds he used to pay his attorney during the divorce. In 

support, he contends that he paid a portion of his fees from his portion of the proceeds from 

the sale of the marital residence, which were not marital funds. 

{¶ 33} At trial, Mr. Hadder admitted that he paid some of his attorney fees from 

marital funds. However, he also testified that he reimbursed the marital account from which 

he made the payments with his portion of the proceeds from the sale of the marital residence. 

He testified that he had given his brother the monies from the sale for safekeeping and that he 

did not know where his brother kept the monies. He testified that when he needed to make 
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payments to his attorney, he would request the money from his brother, which he would then 

deposit into the marital checking account. 

{¶ 34} The trial court found that Mr. Hadder had failed to prove that he utilized 

his non-marital monies to pay his attorney or that he returned any of the marital monies to the 

marital account. We find no abuse of discretion in that regard. Given that the record 

supports a finding that Mr. Hadder utilized over $15,000 in marital funds to pay his attorney, 

we find no abuse of discretion in the trial court’s order requiring him to reimbursement Ms. 

Hadder the sum of $4,606 

{¶ 35} The Fifth Assignment of Error is overruled. 

VI. The Trial Court Did Not Err in Finding No 

Financial Misconduct on the Wife’s Part

{¶ 36} The Sixth Assignment of Error is as follows: 

THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW IN FAILING 

TO APPLY THE CORRECT STANDARD TO ESTABLISH FINANCIAL 

MISCONDUCT. APPELLANT DID ESTABLISH FINANCIAL 

MISCONDUCT BY APPELLEE UPON THE CORRECT STANDARD BEING 

APPLIED. 

{¶ 37} Mr. Hadder contends that the trial court should have held Ms. Hadder 

responsible for financial misconduct committed during the pendency of the case. 

{¶ 38} R.C. 3105.171(E)(4) states that: 

If a spouse has engaged in financial misconduct, including, but not limited 
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to, the dissipation, destruction, concealment, nondisclosure, or fraudulent 

disposition of assets, the court may compensate the offended spouse with a 

distributive award or with a greater award of marital property. 

{¶ 39} “The financial misconduct statute should apply only if the spouse 

engaged in some type of wrongdoing (i.e., wrongful scienter). ‘Typically, the offending 

spouse will either profit from the misconduct or intentionally defeat the other spouse's 

distribution of marital assets.’ Financial misconduct involves some element of profit or 

interference with another's property rights.” (Citations omitted.) Feldmiller v. Feldmiller, 2d 

Dist. Montgomery No. 24989, 2012-Ohio-4621, ¶ 18. 

{¶ 40} Mr. Hadder claims that Ms. Hadder “intentionally caused her attorney to 

file specific restraining orders on April 4, 2011, which ultimately defeated Appellant’s 

monetary income from one of the Jackson National Life annuities for one full year, a value of 

$16,771.08.” Appellant’s brief, p. 28. He further argues that Ms. Hadder “intentionally 

wanted to leave Appellant without this income, as she was mad that he was spending it 

elsewhere, such as at restaurant/bars.” Id., p. 30. 

{¶ 41} According to the testimony of Mr. Hadder’s financial advisor, he 

planned to make an election that would permit Mr. Hadder to receive monthly payments of 

almost $17,000 per year from the annuity account. He testified that the window for making 

this election was September 12 to October 12, 2012. He further testified that they were 

unable to make the election because of the restraining order. Thus, he testified that Mr. 

Hadder lost the sum of $17,000 that cannot be recovered. Finally, he testified that Mr. 

Hadder has to make the election every year, and would be able to do so in September and 

October 2013. 
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{¶ 42} The record shows that Ms. Hadder filed for divorce on April 4, 2011. 

Along with her complaint, she filed a multi-branch motion to restrain Mr. Hadder from 

certain actions concerning the marital property. Of relevance hereto, the motion sought an 

order restraining Mr. Hadder’s financial advisor from “permitting [Mr. Hadder] to remove, 

sell, withdraw, transfer or encumber accounts in his name, except for the automatic monthly 

withdrawal of $1,167.10 per month from Jackson National Life Insurance Company annuity.” 

{¶ 43} Like the trial court, we conclude that this does not amount to financial 

misconduct. The restraining order was sought more than a year before the election window. 

There is no evidence that Ms. Hadder or her attorney had any knowledge of the need to make 

the election. Furthermore, there is no evidence that Mr. Hadder, his financial advisor or his 

attorney made Ms. Hadder aware thereof. Since Ms. Hadder claims an interest in the annuity 

account, it seems unlikely that she would intentionally cause the loss of the monies therein. 

Obviously, both Mr. Hadder and his attorney were aware of the existence of the restraining 

order for more than a year, and could therefore have filed a motion seeking to amend, or 

seeking relief from, the restraining order. 

{¶ 44} We conclude that the trial court did not err in finding no financial 

misconduct on Ms. Hadder’s part. Therefore, the Sixth Assignment of Error is overruled. 

VII. Conclusion

{¶ 45} All of Mr. Hadder’s assignments of error having been overruled, the 

judgment of the trial court is Affirmed. 

 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
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FROELICH, P.J., and DONOVAN, J., concur. 

Copies mailed to: 

Elizabeth J. Henley 

Laura L. Kendell 

Brian D. Huelsman 

Alexander Arestides 

Hon. Denise L. Cross