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ACRONYMS

AAPCC adjusted average per capita cost

ABAWD able-bodied adults without dependents

ABC A Better Chance

ACF Administration for Children and Families

ACR adjusted community rate

ACT Achieving Change for Texans

ADL activities of daily living

AFCARS Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting

System

AFDC Aid to Families with Dependent Children

AFDC–UP Aid to Families with Dependent Children—Unemployed Parent

AFI adjusted family income

AGI adjusted gross income

AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome

AIME average indexed monthly earnings

ALJ administrative law judge

APC ambulatory payment classification

APHSA American Public Human Services Association

ASC ambulatory surgical center

ASSETS Avenues to Self-Sufficiency through Employment

and Training

AWIU average weekly insured unemployment

BBA Balanced Budget Act

BBRA Balanced Budget Refinement Act

BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics

CACFP Child and Adult Care Food Program

CAH critical access hospital

CAMP College Assistance Migrant Program

CAP Child Assistance Program

CAPTA Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of

1974

CBO Congressional Budget Office

CCDBG Child Care and Development Block Grant

CCDF Child Care and Development Fund

CCPD continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis

CDR continuing disability review

CETA Comprehensive Employment and Training Act

CEX Consumer Expenditure Survey

CNMI Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

of 1985

COGME Council on Graduate Medical Education

1534

COLA cost-of-living adjustment

CPAC Competitive Pricing Advisory Committee

CPI Consumer Price Index

CPI–U Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers

CPI–W Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners

and Clerical Workers

CPS Current Population Survey

CRS Congressional Research Service

CSE Child Support Enforcement Program

CSFP Commodity Supplemental Food Program

CSRS Civil Service Retirement System

DAA drug addiction and alcoholism

DCTC dependent care tax credit

DDS Disability Determination Service

DHHS U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

DI disability insurance

DIC dependency and indemnity compensation

DME durable medical equipment

DMERC durable medical equipment regional carrier

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

DOL U.S. Department of Labor

DRG diagnosis-related group

DSH disproportionate share hospital

EA emergency assistance

EB extended benefits

EBT electronic benefit transfer

EIC earned income credit

EITC earned income tax credit

EMPOWER Employing and Moving People Off Welfare and

Encouraging Responsibility

EPO erythropoietin

ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act of

1974

ES Employment Service

ESAA Employment Security Administration Account

ESRD end-stage renal disease

EUC emergency unemployment compensation

EUCA Extended Unemployment Compensation Account

FCS Food and Consumer Service

FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

FDP Family Development Program

FECA Federal Employees’ Compensation Account

FERS Federal Employee’s Retirement System Act of

1986

FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act

FIP Family Investment Program

FMAP Federal medical assistance percentage

FNS Food and Nutrition Service

FPL Federal poverty level

FPLS Federal Parent Locator Service

1535

FRA full retirement age

FSA Family Support Act

FTE full-time equivalent

FTP Family Transition Program

FUA Federal Unemployment Account

FUTA Federal Unemployment Tax Act

GA general assistance

GAF geographic adjustment factor

GAIN Greater Avenues for Independence Program

GAO U.S. General Accounting Office

GDP gross domestic product

GED general education degree

GI gastrointestinal

GME graduate medical education

GPCI geographic practice cost index

HCD human capital development

HCFA Health Care Financing Administration

HEP Migrant High School Equivalency Program

HHA home health agency

HI hospital insurance

HIAA Health Insurance Association of America

HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability

Act

HIV human immunodeficiency virus

HMO health maintenance organization

HoDAG Rental Housing Development Grant

HOME Home Investment Partnerships Program

HOPE Home Ownership and Opportunity for People Everywhere Program

HOPWA Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS

Program

HUD U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

IADL instrumental activities of daily living

IME indirect medical education

IMG international medical graduates

INA Immigration and Nationality Act

IPA independent practice associations

IPS interim payment system

IRA individual retirement account

IRC Internal Revenue Code

IRS Internal Revenue Service

IUR insured unemployment rate

JOBS Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program

JTPA Job Training Partnership Act

LAE limitation on administrative expenses

LEAP Learning, Earning, and Parenting

1536

LEAP Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnerships

LFA labor force attachment

LHWCA Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation

Act

LIHEAP Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program

LMSA section 8 loan management set-aside

LOS length-of-stay (outliers)

M+C Medicare+Choice

MAF medical assistance facility

MBI market basket index

MCCA Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act

MDH Medicare dependent hospitals

MDRC Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation

MedPAC Medicare Payment Advisory Commission

MEDPAR Medicare Provider Analysis and Review

MEI Medicare economic index

MEPA Multiethnic Placement Act

MFIP Minnesota Family Investment Program

MGIB Montgomery GI bill

MMCC Medicare Managed Care Contract

MOE maintenance of effort

MPPAA Multiemployer Pension Plan Amendments Act of

1980

MSA medical savings account

MSA metropolitan statistical area

MVPS Medicare volume performance standard

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement

NCANDS National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System

NCCSS National Child Care Staffing Study

NCHS National Center for Health Statistics

NEWWS National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies

NF nursing facility

NICHD National Institute of Child Health and Human

Development

NIS National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect

NSAF National Survey of America’s Families

OASDI Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Program

OASI Old-Age and Survivors Insurance

OASIS outcome and assessment information set

OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

OCR Office for Civil Rights

OCSE Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement

OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

OES Occupational Employment Statistics Program

OMB Office of Management and Budget

OPD outpatient department

1537

OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

OTCA Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988

PASS plan for achieving self-support

PBGC Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation

PCCM primary care case management programs

PD property disposition

PFS Parent’s Fair Share Demonstration

PIA primary insurance amount

PIMS Pension Insurance Modeling System

PIP–DCG principal inpatient diagnostic cost group

PNA personal needs allowance

PPA Pension Protection Act of 1987

PPO preferred provider organization

PPS prospective payment system

PRO peer review organization

ProPAC Prospective Payment Assessment Commission

PRWORA Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity

Reconciliation Act

PSO provider-sponsored organization

QC quality control

QDWI qualified disabled and working individual

QI qualifying individual

QMB qualified Medicare beneficiary

RCCI residential child care institution

RHS Rural Housing Service

RPA Retirement Protection Act of 1994

RRA Railroad Retirement Act

RRB U.S. Railroad Retirement Board

RRC rural referral centers

RUGs–III resource utilization groups

RVU relative value unit

SACWIS Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information

System

SAVE Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements

Program

SCH sole community hospital

SCHIP State Children’s Health Insurance Program

SECA Self-Employment Contributions Act

SEPPAA Single Employer Pension Plan Amendments Act

of 1986

SGA substantial gainful activity

SGR sustainable growth rate

SIMPLE Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees

SIPP Survey of Income and Program Participation

SLMB specified low-income Medicare beneficiary

SMI supplementary medical insurance

SNF skilled nursing facility

SSA Social Security Administration

SSBG Social Services Block Grant Program

1538

SSDI Social Security Disability Insurance

SSI Supplemental Security Income

SSN Social Security number

SSP State supplemental payments

SSP separate State program

TAA Trade Adjustment Assistance Program for Workers

TAF Temporary Assistance to Families

TAFDC Transitional Aid to Families with Children

TANF Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

TEA Transitional Employment Assistance

TEA Transportation Equity Act

TEFAP The Emergency Food Assistance Program

TEFRA Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982

TFP Thrifty Food Plan

TMA transitional medical assistance

TPD Teenage Parent Demonstration

TPR termination of parental rights

TQ transitional quarter

TRA trade readjustment allowances

TSMF To Strengthen Michigan Families

TUR total unemployment rate

TWP trial work period

UC unemployment compensation

UEFJA Uniform Enforcement of Foreign Judgments Act

UI unemployment insurance

UIFSA Uniform Interstate Family Support Act

URESA Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act

VA Department of Veterans Affairs

VCIS Voluntary Cooperative Information System

VIEW Virginia Initiative for Employment not Welfare

WIA Workforce Investment Act of 1998

WIC Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for

Women, Infants, and Children

WRP Welfare Restructuring Project

WTW welfare-to-work