344 ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 21, 

Also, memorial or' John P. Moore, ptaying reference of his claim to 

the Court of Claims under act of March 3, 1883-to the Committee on War Claims. 

Also, a petition, asking an amendment to an act making appropriations for the naval service, and for other purposes-to the Committee on. Naval Affairs. 

Also, petition for the relief of John F. Trentlen-to the Committee on Claims. 

By Air. GLASS: Petition of Nancy Tuck, of Tennessee, asking com- pensation for property taken and used by United Sta,tes Army during 

the late war-to the Committee on War Claims. 

Also, petition of John ll. Edwards for relief-to the Committee on Claims. 

Also, petitions of Jane Woodrough; of Elmirn L. Brogden, and of 

.Agnes J. Whicker, asking for pensions-to the Committee on Invalid 

Pensions. 

Also, petition of Elizabeth Roge.rS, asking compensation for _pi'Operty, 

taken and used by United States Army in the late war-to the Committee on War Claims. . Also, papersrelating to the claim of WilliamM. Henry, Company E, 

First Tennessee Cavalry-to the same COJ:illllittee. · By Mr. GOFF: Petition of James A. Demastus, for a pension-to 

the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

Also, petition of John Nay, of West Virginia, for a pension on account of wounds received while serving as a scout-to the same com- mittee. 

By Mr. HAMMOND: Petition ofPermelia B. Wanocks; for reliefto the Committee on Claims. 

.Also, petition of F. Hiram Nichols, of Atlanta, Ga., for property 

taken by the Army of the United States in 1864-to the Committee on War Claims. -

By Mr. HOLMAN: Petition of Silas 0. Howe, surviving partner of 

W. T. Pate & Co., for relief-to the Committee on Ways and Means. 

Also, petition of Henry W. Smith, surviving partner ofT. and ;J. W. 

Guff & Co., of Aurora, Ind., for relief-to the same committee. 

By Mr. IRION: Petition of J. Madison Wells, for property seized by 

the .Army of the United States in Louisi~a, and stated at $446,578-

to the Committee on War Claims. 

AlSo, petition of the heirs of Joseph Benillotte for property taken at 

Alexandria, La:, in 1864, by the .Army and Navy of the United States, 

and stated at $153,548.25-to the same committee. 

Also, petition of Mary E. Barrow, of Louisiana, for stores and supplies taken from her at Bayou Sara, during the war of 1861, by the Army 

of the United States for army use, and stated at $58,850-to the same 

committee. 

By Ur. LOVERING: Petition of Lieut. Col. David B. Muzzey and 

GO others, survivors of the storming column or "forlorn hope," organized at Port Hudson, La., under General Order No. 49, Department of 

the Gulf, June 15, 1863, asking that the medal therein promised as recognition for their services in volunteering for the same may now be granted them by Congr~-to the Committee on Military .Affairs. 

By Mr. T. B. REED: Petition ofSophronia Witham, for a pensionto the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

By Mr. STEELE: Petition of J. D. Spurgeon and 265 others, asking 

pension law for soldiers of the late war-to the same committee. 

By Mr. VANSCHAICK: Petition of James Shaah~m, for increase of 

·pension-to the same committee. 

Also, petition of William Gannon, for pension-to the same committee. 

Also, petition of Walter McCarty, for increase of pension-to the 

same committee. · Also, memorial of wholesale grocers of the city of Milwaukee, relative to the proposed changes in the tariff on imported sugar-to the 

Committee on Ways and Means. 

Also, petition of J. and A. Hiss, to purchase the Portage Lake Harbor-to the Committee on Commerce. 

Also, petition of Andrew Barton, praying for relief-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

By Mr. WORTHINGTON: Petition of the Women's Silk Culture 

Association of lllinois and the Northwest-to the Committee on Appropriations. 

Also, petition of wholesale grocers of Peoria, ill., with reference to 

ta.riff duties on sugar-to the Committee on Ways and Means. 

.Also, petition of Isaac Mann, for pension-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

SEN .ATE. 

Mo~D.A.Y, December 21, 1~85 . . 

Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. E. D. HUNTLEY, D. D. 

The Journal of the proceedings of Friday last was read and approved. 

. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary of State, recommending the passage of an act 

granting Joseph R.awicz, United Stat.es consul at Warsaw, Russia, permission to accept decorations from the Russian Government; which was ordered to be printed, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to 

the Committee on Foreign Relations. · 

He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secretary 

of War, transmitting, in compliance with the river and harbor act approved July 5, 1884, reports of engineer officers as to the bridges and 

other obstructions that interfere with navigation; which, with the ac- companying papers, was, on motion of:Mr. CONGER, referred to the Committee on Commerce and ordered to be printed. 

PETmONS .AND MEMORIALS. 

The· PRESIDENT pro tmnpore presented a petition of the Board of 

Trade of Cleveland, Ohio, praying the purchase by the United States of 

the Portage Lake and Lake Superior Ship-Can::tl; which was referred 

to the Committee on Commerce. 

He also presented the petition of John G. Kennedy, and others, citi- zens of Washington, D. C., praying for the adoption of certain methods to secure cheaper and superior gas for fuel, power; and light; which was referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 

Mr. MAXEY. I present the petition of the National Association 

of Veterans of the Mexican War, by their president, J. W. Denver, and 

theirsecretary, A.M. Kenaday, praying that a pensionmaybegranted 

to the surviving soldiers of that war and the widows of those who are deceased. I· move that the petition, with the accompanying papers, be 

referred to the Committee on Pensions, and I wish to say that this being an association of old men, highly respectable, who served their 

country well, I should be glad that the petition be printed for the use of the Senate, not in the RECORD, but as a document. · The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator ~ from Texas asks the 

unanimous consent of the Senate to print a petition with reference to 

pensioning the soldiers of the Mexican war. That order will be made 

if there be no objection. 

Mr. CONGER. I desire to s:1y that when statements on the other 

side of the Chamber are made on the presentation of papers we can not hear anything on this side. They should be read by the Chief 

Clerk, so that we may understand them. 

Mr. M.AXEY. I stated the substance of. the petition. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from :b-lichigan asks 

that the matter be more clearly stated. 

Mr. CONGER. I simply say that in the noise I could not even hear 

the subject-matter of the petition. · 

Mr. MAXEY. The petition I have presented is that of the National 

Association of Veterans of the Mexican W ru·. The purpose of it is to secure a pension to the surviving soldiers of that war, and to the widows of those who are deceased. I said that the petition was that of a highly respectable body of citizens, who have served their country well 

and are old men, and I asked that it be printed, not in the RECORD, 

but for the use of the Senate as a document. It embodies a great mariy 

important facts. I will state that I do not introduce a bill to accom- pany the memorial for the reason that the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. 

GEORGE] has already presented and had referred a bill on that subject, 

but the petitioners present the form of a bill which they ask may be 

considered by the Committee on Pensions. . The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The petition will be referred to tho 

Committee on Pensions, and· the order to print will be made unless 

objection be interposed. 

Mr. JONES, of Arkansas, presented a petition on behalf of the Wichita, Caddo, and affiliated tribes oflndians,\praying for such legislation as will authorize the President of the United States to make an agreement with them in regard to certain matters of complaint that they 

have; which was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Mr. C.ALL presented the petition of J. C. Tilson and other citizens 

of Polk County, Florida, praying the forfeiture of land granted by 

Congress to the Sta .. te of Florida for the construction of a railroad from A~elia Island to Tampa Bay, Florida, and that the settlers upon such 

lands may be allowed to enter them under the homestead or pre-emption laws; which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

Mr. BUTLER presented thememorialofthe grand jury ofthe west- ern district of South Carolina to the presiding j ndge of the United States 

district court, favoring the erection of a. public building in the city of 

Greenville, S. C.; which was referred to the Committee on Public 

Buildings and GrOlmds . l\Ir. LOGAN presented resolutions adopted by the 1\!illers' State Association of illinois, favoring the passage of a bill regulating interstate 

commerce; which were referred to the Committee on Commerce. 

He also presented resolutions adopted by George H. Thomas Post, 

No.5, Grand Army of the Republic, Chicago, Ill., and a petition of 

.Acker Post, No. 21, Grand Army of the Republic, SaintPanl, Minn., 

praying Congress to purchase a picture of G~eral George H. Thomas, 

painted by a member of the former post; which were referred to the 

Committee on the Library. 

Mr. BLAIR presented the petition of Philander C. White, of Concord, Mass., late a private in Company D, Fourteenth Regiment New 

Hampshire Volunteers, praying for arrears of pension; which was re- ferred to the Committee on Pensions. 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 345 

He also presented a petition of the Louisiana Education Society, 

praying temporary national aid to the public schools; which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. 

Mr. HOAR presented the petition of Harriette R. Shattuck, president of the National Woman's Suffrage Association, and other citizens 

of Massaehusetts, praying Congress to submit to the States an amendment to the Constitution which shall secure the ballot to women; which 

was referred to the Select Committee on Womau Suffrage. 

1r1r. VOORHEES presented the petition of Theophilus Fisk Mills, 

sculptor, of Washington, D. C., praying compensation for a plaster 

mold of the face and measurements for an equestrian statue of the 

late Genernl"J. A. Rawlins; which was referred to the Committee on 

the Library. 

REPORTS OF COIDHTTEES. 

Mr. EDMUNDS. I am instructed by the Committee on the Judiciary, to which was referred the bill (S. 10) to amend an act entitled 

''An act to amend section 5352 of the Revised Statutes of the United 

States, in reference to bigamy, and for other purposes," approved March 

22, 1882, to report the same favorably and without amendment. I 

give notice that immediately after the holidays, which I suppose we 

must a~nd to first, I shall endeavor to ask the Senate to act upon the 

bill. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be placed upon the 

Calendar. 

Mr. JACKSON. lam instructed by the Committee on the Judiciary, 

to whom was referred the bill (S. 133) to :fix the salary of the judge of 

the district court of the United States for the district of Indiana, toreport it adversely and ask its indefinite postponement, as we have already 

reported from that committee a general bill covering the case. Mr. VOORHEES. What is the bill? 

Mr. HARRISON. I will explain to my colleague that it · a bill introduced by me increasing the salary of the judge of our district to · 

$5,000. The Committee on the Judiciary have reported a general bill 

raising the salaries of all district judges to $5,000, and therefore this 

bill may be disposed of. 

Mr. VOORHEES. That is satisfactory. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no objection, the bill 

will be considered as indefinitely postponed. 

Mr. HOAR. I am instructed by the Committee on the Judiciary, 

to whom was referred the bill (8. 3) to establish a uniform system of 

bankruptcy throughout the United States, to report an original bill on the subject. It is substantially the bill referred t:> the committee, but 

I report it in the form of an original bill. 

The bill (S. 714) to establish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the Uniled Sta.tes was read twice by its title. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be placed on the Calendar. 

Mr. HOAR. It would not of course be worth while to attempt to bring up the bill to-day, but I give notice that as soon as it .is possible 

after the holidays I shall ask the Senate to consider it. 

MESSAGE FR0!\.1 THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

Clerk, announced that the House had passed the bill (S. 580) granting a pension to Julia D. Grant. 

The message also announced that the House had concurred in the 

amendment of the Senatetothejointresolution (H. Res. 1) authorizing 

the Secretary of the Intet1or to use a portion of the contingent fund to 

fit up rooms for the Commissioner of Patents. 

The message further announced that the House had passed a concur- rent resolution providing that when the two Houses adjourn on Monday, December 21,1885, they stand adjourned tmtil Tuesday, January 

5, 1886. 

The message also announced that that House had passed a joint resotion (H. Res. 2) to pay the officers and employes of the Senate and House 

of Representatives their respective salaries for the month of December, 

1885, on the 21st day of said month; in which it requested the concur- rence of the Senate. 

BILLS INTRODUCED. 

1\Ir. VAN WYCK introduced a bill (S. 715) to provide for the sale of a part of the reservation, situate in the State of Nebraska, of the Winnebago tribe of Indians, and for other purposes ; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Indians Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 716) to establish an additional land · office in the State of Nebraska ; which was read twice by its title, and 

referred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 717) to provide for the organization of 

all that part of the territory of the United States now known as the Indian Territory and the "Public Land Strip " into a Territory, to be 

known as the Territory of Oklahoma, to provide a temporary government for the same, for the allotment of homesteads to the Indians in 

severalty, and to open unoccupied lands to actual settlers; which was read twice by its title. 

Mr. VANWYCK. I ask that the bill be referred to the Committee on Territories. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. That reference will be made if there 

be no objection. 

lli. DAWES. The bill should go to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Massaehusetts 

suggests the reference of the bill to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

Mr. VAN WYCK. I suppose the proper reference for the bill would 

be to the Committee on Territories, as it provides for a Territorial government for that Territory, a part of which has some lands belonging 

evidently to the United States. 

Mr. DAWES. The question whether those lands belong to the 

United States has always been referred to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs heretofore, and upon that they have made reports at several 

times. The question whether the Indian Territory should be thus invaded and in the center of it a Territorial government formed it seems 

to me should be considered by the Committee on Indian Affairs. I do 

not see why the Committee on Territories should take charge of the 

Indian reservations. If they are to do so, it will relieve the Committee on Indian Affairs of a very large share and a very difficult and laborious part of their duty, and it had better be surrendered at once 

and not by piecemeal. 

No element of consideration enters into the propriety of the passage 

of such a bill (of course I express no opinion about that propriety) 

whkh does not belong exclusively to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 

There is the relation of that Territory to the Indians, the Indians to 

the Territory, the title which the Indians claim to have in the Territory, and the effect of a Territorial government upon the Indians there, 

to whom it was by treaty set apart and by a treaty covenanted with 

the United States to be forever theirs. Why should the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom the matters of the Indians have been committed 

heretofore, be relieved of the subj.ect, and the Committee on Territories take charge of it simply because the word "Territory" has some application t{) that commHtee, while the subject-matter belongs exclusively to the Committee on Indi'ln Affairs? 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Massaehnsetts move to refer the bill to the Committee on Indian Affairs? 

Mr. DAWES. I make that motion, but I do not want to antagonize 

the Senator from Nebraska. 

Mr. VAN WYCK. Neither do I desire to antagonize the Senator 

from Massachusetts, of course. I have no choice about the matter. I 

presumed that it was a clear case, and therefore it might be as well 

that the bill should go to the Committee on Territories. 

I will say to my friend that the bill carefully provides for the rights 

of the Indians. There is no attempt on the part of the bill, nor would 

there be on the part of any committee of the Senate, to strike down 

the Indians in their rights. The object was to get a solution of this 

vexed question, which must be solved in some way. That is imperatively demanded. I merely introduced the bill and suggested its refer- ence to the Committee on Territories for that reason. I have no sort 

of objection to a reference to the Committee on Indian Affairs, but I 

thought possibly it might go into the hands of the Committee on Territories, who can not be so much overburdened as the Committee on Indian 

Affairs; but still if the Committee on Indian Affairs will take eharge 

of it and make a speedy report to the body, I shall be satisfied. 

Mr. DAWES. I do not mean to criticise the bill or the motive of the 

Senator from Nebraska. I oilly suggested the peculiar relations of all 

that question to the Indians and to the matters which the Committee on Indian Affairs have under consideration. If the Senator does nQt 

object, I hope the bill will be referred to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs. 

Mr. VEST. I wish simply to remark, ro the Senator from Massachusetts particularly, that there have been several of these bills introduced and they have always gone to the Committee on Territories. 

I do not belong to either committee. I am not now upon the Committee on Territories and I am not upon the Committee on Indian Affairs, 

but there have been within my recollection some :five or six of these bills 

introduced in the Senate and they have always gone, without exception, 

to the Committee on Territories. 

Mr. DAWES. I would inquire of the Senator from Missouri, from 

his knowledge of the peculiarities of the question, whether he does not 

think the Committee on Indian Affairs ought-I do not know whether 

they are quite capable of it-to consider all the matters connected with 

that Territory? 

Mr. VEST. I heard only imperfectly the title of the bpJ. As I 

caught it from the reading, it is a bill to organize a government in the 

Indian Territory. 

Mr. DAWES. A government with special reference to Oklahoma, as I heard it. 

Mr. VEST. That has been the nature of the bills that have heretofore been introduced. As a matter of course they embrace, yon might 

say, two distinct ideas. One is the formation of a Territorial government and all the details as to organization, and the other is as to providing for the rights of the Indians who are already in possession there. 

The question may be said then to be one a part of which should go to 

the Committee on Territories and. a part to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs; but the primary object being the organization of a Terri tory the 
346 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DEOEl\fBER 21, 

Senate has heretofore always sent such bills to the Territorial Committee. Of course nobody will question the ability of the distinguished 

chairman nor of any member of the Committee on Indian Affairs to deal 

with the question. I only speak in the interests of public business as 

to tha precedents which the Senate has established. 

Mr. DAWES. I have no desire to shrink from the question of esblblishing a Territorial government in the Indian Territory. My own opinion about it is that it must come in some way or other. It is a matter 

which has arrested :the attention of the Committee on Indian Affairs, 

and has impressed itself very much of late upon the attention of the 

committee; but there are so many things connected with the future of 

the Indians in that section, which ca.n not be ignored in any Territorial 

gove1·nment possible there, that I do think that if the Committee ou Indian Affairs are to be held responsible at all for what is done with the 

Indians they should have charge of that matter. 

Ur. CONGER. I suppo e the only object of the Committee on Territories is to take charge of the Territories of the United States, to provide for their organization, and recommend measures of law for their 

government. That is what the committee were appointed for. But if 

there is an Indian in such a Terri tory the bill m ns.t go to the Committee 

on Indian Affairs, apparently. 

Mr. DAWES. The Territory of the United States, if the Senator 

will allow me--

Mr. CONGER. In a moment; the Senator has .made his remarks. 

Now there is hardly a Territory in the United States but what has a good many Indians in it, and if the rule should apply in this case it 

should in regard to the management of all Territorial questiol1S. My 

impr ·on is that it would be a good thing to keep this succession of 

bills in regard to the Indian Territory before the Committee on Territori , because they have ha.d charge of the examination of them for 

years. I do not see that it conflic~ at all with the question which the 

Senator from Massachusetts proposes; but it is a doubtful question, and 

with all humility I might say for the Committee on Territories that 

they may not be able to copewiththelndianqnestion which is involved 

in it, and I have no particular desire for myself, and I do not know that 

the chairman of that committee has, to take even what belongs to it 

if the Committee on Indian Affairs desires to encroach upon its jurisdiction. The subject has been for teri or fifteen years before the Committee on Indian Affairs and the Committee on Territories in one way 

and another, and there has been·no action as yet; and I was very happy 

to learn by the remarks of the distinguished chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs that they bad thought a little about the subject 

and were willing to take charge of it. In that view I make no objection to the "proposed reference. 

Mr. UAXEY. I wish to say, in addition to what the chairman of 

the Committee on Indian Affairs has said, that under a resolution of the 

Senate the Committee onindian.A:ffairswere instructed to inquire what 

legislation, if any, was necessary in regard to the relations between the 

United States Government and the Indians, and in the discharge of 

that duty went into that country, the chairman himself and myself 

among others, and made a very thorough investigation with a view to 

determine what legislation was necessary. The committee, therefore, 

supplied itself~ by direction of the Senate, with the proper infonnatio~ 

as I think, at least as I hope. 

In respect to the Indian Territory I beg to say that it is sui gen.e1·is. 

It does not bear the same relation to the United States as any other 

Territory whatever, and I think the proper committee to look into the 

affairs connected with the Indian Territory istheC'A>mmittee on Indian 

Affairs. So I think the reference ought to be to that committee. 

· The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs; if there be no objection. The Chair hears 

none. 

1\!r. MAXEY introduced a bill (S. 718) for the relief of Francis Gil· 

beau; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying 

paper, referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 719) for the relief of Thomas F. Purnell; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying 

paper, referred to the Committee on Claims. 

Mr. DAWES introduced a bill (S. 720) for the relief of Albion S. 

Keith, late of the United Stato..s Navy; which was read twice by its 

title and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Mr. COKE introduced a bill (S. 721) to establish a national livestock highway and to promote commerce in live-stock between the 

States; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. · -

Mr. VOORHEES introduced a bill (S. 722) for increase of pension to 

l\1rs. E. M:. Boggs; which wa.s read twice by its title, and, with the 

accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Heal o introduced a bill ( . 723) for the relief of Julius A. Kaiser; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Naval .Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 724) granting a pension to Charles E. 

Creager; which was read twice by its title, :md referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 725) for the relief of Uaj. G. W. Candee, 

paymaster United States Army; which was read twice by its title, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred t.o the Committee on Military Affairs. . 

He also introduced a bill (S. 726) granting a pension to Theodore M. 

Piatt; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 727) grnnting a pension to LonaS. Fitzgerald; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Mr. VANCE introduced a bill {S. 728) authorizing the removal ot 

the statue of :rtfaj. Gen. John A. Rawlins from its pr ent location to 

a site to be selected by the Secretary of War; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. . 

Mr. HARRIS introduced a bill (S. 729) for the relief of Rear-Admiral 

Carter; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 730) for the relief of E. W. Crozier, 

executrix of the last will and testament of Dr. C. W. Crozier, of Tennessee; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying 

papers, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

1\ir. BLACKBURN (by reque t) introduced a bill (S. 731) for the 

reliefofthe estate of C. 1\I. Briggs, deceased ; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

1\Ir. JONES, of Arkansas, introduced a bill (S. 732) for the relief of 

Silas F. Feild, one of the sureties on the bond of John G. Halliburton, 

deceased, late marshal of the United States in and for the eastern district of Arkansas; which was reau twice by its title, and referred to the 

Committ£e on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 733) for the relief of Ed ward Fitzgerald, 

trustee of the Catholic church at Fort Smith, Ark.; which was read 

twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 734) for the relief of the 

estate of William Wright; which was t:ead twice by its title, andreferred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also {by request) introduced a bill (S. 735) granting a pension to 

l\Iargaret C. Bupp; which was read twice by its title, aud referred to 

the Committee on Pensions. 

Heal o (by request) introduced a bill (S. 736) granting a· pension to 

Jame D. Remy; which was read twice by its title, and referred to 

the Committee gn Pensions. 

Mr. BERRY introduced a bill (S. 737) for the relief of Prairie County, 

Arbnsas; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 738) for the relief of James Clifford; 

which was read twice by its-title, and referred to the Committee on 

Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 739) for the relief of James H. Hamilton; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also intl'odnced a bill (S. 740) for the relief of Pryor N. Lea; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 741) for the relief of J. H. T. :rt!ain; 

which was Tead twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 742) for the relief of the heirs of the 

late John Rogers, deceased ; which was read twice by its title, andreferred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

Mr. BECK introduced a bill (S. 743) for the relief of Mrs. Martha 

Vaughn and the legal representatives of 1\Irs. Louisa Jackman; which 

was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military 

Affairs. 

Mr. McPHERSON introdued a bill (S. 744) for the relief of the officers and crew of the United States steamer Monitor who participated 

in the action with therebeliron-cladMerrima.c on the 9th day of March, 

1862; which was read twice by .its title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Healsointroduceda bill (S. 745) for the relief of Betts, Nichols &Co.; 

which was rea.d twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Finance. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 746) for thereliefofLanm.an & Kemp; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Finance. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 747) for the relief of Capt. A.:ndl·ew W. 

Johnson; which w.as·read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

He al o introduced a bill (8. 748) for the relief of Joseph E. Afoorc; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Claims. 

?!Ir. PAYNE (by request) introduced a bill (S. 749) for the relief of 

R. . Huston & Co.; which was read twice by its title, and referred to 

the Committee on Claims . . Mr. MORGAN introduced a bill {S. 750) to amend and enlarge the 

act approved June 18, 1 78, entitled "An act to provide fm the distribution of the awards made under the convention between the United 

. 

' 
1885. - CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENATE. 347. 

States of Am.e.rica and the Republic of Mexico, concluded on the 4th day 

of July, 1868;" which was read the fu:st time by its title, :md ordered to 

lie on the table. 

Mr. BROWN introduced a bill (S. 751) for the erection of a public 

building at Columbus, Ga.; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 752) to authorize suits in certain cases 

therein named; which was read twice by its title. 

Mr. BROWN. As the bill relates to certain claims fur property taken 

during the war, I move that it be referred to the Committee on Claims. 

The motion was agreed to. 

1\Ir. CONGER introduced a bill (S. 753) to provide for the sale of 

the old site of Fort Brady, 1\fichigan, and for a new site and the construction of suitable buildings thereon; which was read twice by its title, and 

referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

Mr. CULLOM introduced a. bill (S. 754) for the relief of R. H. Shropshire; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee 

on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 755) to provide for the establishment of a 

postal telegraph system; which was read twice by its title, and referred 

to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. 

1tlr. PIKE (by request) introduced a bill (S. 756) for the relief of 

the Greensburg Limestone Company, W. W. Lowe·& Co., .and JohnL. 

Scanlon; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

1\lr. HOAR introduced a bill (S. 757) granting a pension to Helen 

Plunkett; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Mr. CAMERON introdn.ced a bill (S. 758) for the relief of Jacob 

Dundore; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com~ 

mittee on Naval Affairs. 

Mr. STANFORD introduced a bill (S. 759) for the relief of George 

C. Parkinson; which was read twice by its title., and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 760) for the relief of Fred. E. Brooks; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Claim.s. 

Mr. WILSON, of Iowa, introduced a bill (S. 761) granting a pension 

to William Webster; which was read twice by its title, and, with the 

accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

1\ir. MILLER, of New York, introduced a bill (S. 762) to prevent 

obstructiveandinjuriousdepositswithin.theharborandadjacentwaters 

of New York city by dumping or otherwise, and to punish and pre-.ent 

such offenses, and other provisions in connection therewith; which was 

read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. 

• :Mr. ALLISON introduced a bill (S. 763) for the erection of a public 

building at Sioux City, Iowa; which was read twice by ita title, and 

referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 764) to authorize the Secretary of the 

Interior to issue to George K. Otis duplicates of certain land~warrants 

lost w bile in the possession of the officers of the Government; which was 

read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

Mr. TELLER (by request) introduced a bill ( . 765) for the relief 

of the heirs of John S. Fillmore, deceased; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. 

He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 766) for the relief of Fmn~ 

cis Denmead; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the 

Committee on the District of Columbia. 

He also (by request) introduced a. bill (S. 767) for the relief of John 

Leathers; which was read twice by its title, and-referred to the Committee on Claims. 

He also (by request)introduced a bill (S. 768)forthe relief of George 

A. Jaeger; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Milit..'lTY Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 769) to provide for the removal of the 

Southern Ute Indians from Colorado; which was read twice by its title, 

and referred to the -Committee on Indian Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 770) relatingtolandsinColoradolately 

occupied by the Uncompahgre and White River Ute Indians; which 

was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public 

Lands. · . 

Mr. BLAIR introduced a bill (S. 771) to pro\ide for the erection ot a public building in the city of Dover, in the State of New Hampshire; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on 

Public Buildings and Grounds. 

He also introduceq a bill (S. 772) to provide for the erection of a 

public building in the city of Nashua, in the State of New Hampshire; 

which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 773) granting a pension to 111. Louise 

Butler; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also intr duced a bill (S. 774) for the relief of Frances l\IcNeil 

Potter; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

Mr. SHERMAN introduced a. bill (S. 775) granting arrears of pension to Timothy Kibby; which was read twicebyitstitle, and, with the 

accompanying papers, referred to the Comtnittee on Pensions. 

Mr. LOGAN introduced a bill (8. 776) granting arrears of pension to 

Catharine La,njgan; which was read twice by its title, and referred to 

the Committee on Pensions. 

He a1so introduced a bill ( . 777) to increase the efficiency of the Army 

of the United States; which was read twice by its title, and referred to 

the Committee on Military Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 778) to equalize the bounties of soldiers, 

sailors, and marines of the late war for the Union; whicp. was read 

twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. 

He also introduced a. bill (S. 779} for pensioning prisone.t of war 

who were confined in confederate military prisons during the late war; 

which was read twice by its title, and raferred to the Committee on 

Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 780) to regulate appointments in the 

Marine-Hospital Service oftbe United States; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. 

Mr. COCKRELL introduced a bill (S. 781) granting a pension to 

John T. Sayers; whiah was read twice by its title, and referred to the 

Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 782) for the relief of Jacob Swofford; 

which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, 

referred to the Committee on MilitarY Affairs. 

Mr. PLUMB introduced a bill (S~ 783) granting a pension to D. B. 

Randall; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 784) granting a pension to William A. 

Griffin; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying 

papers, referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 785) granting a pension to George Ham; 

which was read twice by its title, and, with the .accompanying papers, 

referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 786) granting a pension to James C. 

Ledbetter; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. · 

He also introduced a bill (S. 787) granting a pensio:n to Reuben Farnum; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 7BB)grantingapensionto JohnL. Bruce; 

which wasre:ul twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, 

referred to the Committee on Pension . 

He also introduced a bill ( . 7 9) granting a pension to JohnS. Williams; which was read twice byits title, andreterred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 790) granting a pension to Jesse C. Osgood; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committ.ee on Pensions. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 791) granting a pension to George W. 

De Motte; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

He_ also introduced a bill (S. 792) to remove the charge of desertion 

against ]\finer Ellis; which was read twice by its title, .and referred to 

the Committee on Military Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 793} fo:r the relief of Louis Coon; which 

was read twice by its title, and referred to ;;he Committee on Military 

Affairs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 794) for the relief of A. H. Von Luettwitz; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Aft.'lirs. 

He also introduced a bill (S. 795) ament'.atory of an act to jncorpomte the ColumbiaRailwayCompany; wh:ich was read twice by its title, 

and referred to the Committee on tb.e Distri.ct of Columbia. 

Mr. SAWYER introduced a bill (S. 7961 fo:r the relief of Benjamin 

F. Landis; ,..,.bjch was read twice by its tide, and referred to the Committee on l\lilitary Affairs._ · 

1\:Ir. BLAIR introduced a bill (S. 797) .o provide for the study of 

physiology and hygiene and the effect of intoxicating, narcotic, and 

poisonous substances upon life, health, and welfare by the pupils in the 

public Schools of the Territories and of the District of Columbia, and 

in the Military and Naval .Academies; whieh was read twice by its title, 

and 1·eferred to the Committee on Education and Labor. 

!Ir. BLAIR. A like bill has alrezdy been introduced by myself 

several days ago. This bill, however, is introduced by request of temperance societies, and especially the 'Woman's Christian Temperance 

Union, they having been instrumental in securing its passage substantin.lly in this form in fourteen of the Sta"es already; and they desire to 

be heard by the committee and by Congress, and to press the passage 

of the bill in this form. · 

11.1)". HOAR introduced a bill (S. 798) br the relief of :r,L H. Collins; _ 

which was read twice by its title, and 1eferred to the Committee on 

Patents. 

1\Ir. RANSOM introduced a bill (S. 799) providing for the erection 

of a public building at WiustoR-S::tlem, N. C.; which was read twice by 

its title, and referred to the Committee on Public Ruildi.I>Ilf! and 

Grounds. 
348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 21, 

Mr. PLUMB introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 18) for the relief 

of the Kansas City, Fort Scott and Gulf Railroad Company; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

CASE OF A. M. KElLEY. 

Jtlr. VEST introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 17) relating to the 

appointment of .Anthony M. Kelley as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to .Austria-Hungary; which was read the first 

time at length, as follows: 

Whereas the correspondc::tce between the Governments of the United States 

and Austria-Hungary, which has been transmitted t.o the Senate by the President:, shows that Hon. Anthony M. Kelley, of Virginia., was, on April 29 1885, 

appointed envoy extraordinary and minister 'plenipotentiary to Austria-Hun- r;a.ry; that on May 9, 1885, the Government of the United States was officially 

notified by the Government of Austria-Hungary that "the position of a foreign envoy wedded to a Jewess l;>y civil marriage would be untenable and even impossible in Vienna," and on Augustt, 1885, the Government of Austria-Hungary 

declared its determination not to receive l\Ir. Kelley as envoy extraordinary 

IWd minister plenipotentiary from the United States. 

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States in Congress assembled, That the position assumed by this Government and the principles 

affirmed in .said correspondence by the Secretary of State meet with our un- qualified fJ.pprobation. • The Constitution of the United States provides that "no religious test shoJI ever be required as a qualification to any office or pub!.-lc trust under the United 

States;" and, whilst sincerely anxious to maintain friendly relations with Austria-Hungary and all other governments, the people of the United States deny 

the right of any foreign government to assert against any citizen of this coun- try disqualification for office by reason of his religious belief or that of his 

family. 

Mr. VEST. :Mr. President, it is my purpose, unless some other sug- gestion should be made by a member of the Senate, to move the refer- ence of this resolution, together with the President's message transmitting to the Senate this correspondence, to the Committee on Foreign 

Relations. I ask the indulgence of the Senate to make one or two re- marks before I make that motion. 

I take it for granted that if Senators have not read the correspond- ence they have had their attention attracted to it by the wide discussion in the public press upon the subject. 

I prefer that the resolution should go to the Committee on Foreign 

Relations, because there seems to be a difference of statement between 

the Governmen1 of .Austria-Hungary and that of the United States in 

regard to the understanding of the correspondence as it progressed. 

In April last, as the Senate iB very well awn.re, Mr . .Anthony l\I. 

Kelley, of Richmond, Va., was appointed by the · Government of the 

United States er.voy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the 

Government of Italy, and on the 3d day of .April, I believe, that appointment was confirmed by the Senate. So soon as-notice of the appointment reached the Government of Italy the Government of the 

United States was notified through the Italian minister in this city 

that for personal reasons the appointment of l\Ir. Kelley was not ac- ceptable to the Kingdomofltaly, and it was stated in a perfectlyfrauk 

and courteous manner that in 1871, at a public meeting in the city of 

Richmond, Mr. Keiley had made statements in regard to Victor Eman-' 

uel, the father of the present reigning king in Italy, King Humbert, 

which statements were exceedingly offensive to his son, who is now upon the throne. These statements were made in a public speech by .Mr. Kelley in regard to the occupation of Rome by Victor Emanuel, 

the virtual imprisonment of the Pope in the Vatican, and the depri va- tion of all his civil power. It is not my purpose to discuss that address of Mr. Keiley or the subject-matter of it. He is a member of 

the Roman Catholic Churcll, and spoke, as a matter of course, from a standpoint which I do not occupy. 

That speech was reported in the public press and conspicuously in 

the New York Herald. It reached the Kingdom of Italy, and theresult, to make a summary ot the whole matter, was that the State Department of the United Strtes recognized the right of the Government 

of Ita1y to object to the re(eption of Mr. Kelley as a. minister, and on the 28th of April Mr. KelleY; on his own motion, resigned as minister to 

Italy. . Immediately afterward, m the 29th of April, he was appointed minister plenipotentiary and envoy extraordinaryto .Austria-Hungary, and 

the Austrian minister was notified of his appointment. On a the 7th 

day of May Mr. Kelley with his family sailed from the port of New 

York, and on the 8th day of May the minister of Austria-Hungary 

transmitted to the Secretary of State a telegram received from Count 

Kalnoky, the minister of foreign affairs for .Austria-Hungary, in th£se 

words: 

VIENNA, May 8, 1885. 

We regret the nomination of Mr. Kelley as minister plenipotentiary and en- voy extraordinary to the imperiaJ COUI-t and his sudden departure from America, as here, too, like in Rome, prevail scruples against this choice. 

Please direct in the most friencly way the attention of the American Govern- ment to the generally existing ditlomatic practice to ask previously t-o any nomination of a foreign minister the tgrement (consent) of the government to which 

he is accredited. • You are therefore requested t< earnestly entreat them that the newly nominated minister may not reach Vienna before our confidential consent to his nomi~ 

nation has taken place. The position of a. foreign enroy wedded to a. Jewess by civil marriage would 

be nntenable and even impossi1le in Vienna. 

COUNT KALNOKYlt will be noticed from tl.is telegram that two positions are assumed 

by the Government of Aus1ria.-Hungary through its accredited minister of foreign affairs. One is that, the custom prevails in diplomacy 

of obtaining the agrement or consent of a foreign government before 

sending a minister near its court. The second is that the position of a foreign minister wedded by civil marriage to a Jewess is impossible 

and untenable in the city of Vienna, in that kingdom. 

Mr. Bayard, the Secretary of State, promptly responded to this com- mll)lication by stating in the first place (and I shall not read his letter 

at length) that no such practice as that of securing first the consent of a foreign government obtained in this country. The Secretary ofState 

denied emphatically in his reply that any such practice had obtained 

in this country as first obtaining the consent or agrmnent, as it is 

termed in diplomacy, of any foreign country to the accredited minister near its court, and he further states that upon an examination of all 

the precedents in the State Department no such instance has been found. 

To dispose of that position now it is only necessary to say that subsequently Count Kalnoky withdrew that assertion and admitted that 

the United States were not bound by a precedent which had obtained 

only upon the Continent and in European countries. 

Mr. HOAR. May I inquire of the Senator from Missouri whether 

he is informed that .Austria has ever asked such an assent from us first? 

Jtfr. VEST. I only say, and I quote from the letter of the Secretary 

of State, that he has found no such case; that he examined critically 

and closely the files of the State Department, and no such practice in 

any single instance has ever obtained in this country. We have ac- credited our ministers without consulting or notifying the government near whose court they were sent. 

.As I stated before, Count Kalnoky subsequently withdraws, I will 

not say that pretense but that assertion, and admits that the United 

States has never followed such a practice, and that it obtained only in 

European colmtries. 

But as to the second point made in the communication from the Government of .Austria-Hungary, it permeates and pervades the entire cor- respondence; it is affirmed directly and indirectly, over and over again 

to the end of the correspondence, namely, that the Government of .Austria-Hungary can not receive Mr. Kelley because in plain language he 

is" wedded to a Jewess by civil marriage," and his position would 

therefore be "untenable and even impossible in Vienna." 

Without reading the correspondence at length, for I do not seek to 

detain the Senate, I call attention to the appearance for the first time, 

June 11, 1885, of any additional reason besides that whichihaveread. 

Then Baron Von Schaeffer corrinnmkates officially to the Government 

of the United States a statement. Mr. Bayard in the mean time, as Secretary of State, I should say had distinctly and emphatically stated 

to the Government of .Austria-Hungary that with the constitutional 

provisions existing in this country, with our traditional history, and 

with the unanimous and unbroken sentiment of our people upon the 

subject, the Government of the United States could not accede to the 

proposition or admit it for an instant that any citizen of the United 

States could be deprived .really of an office to which he had been appointed by this Government, by reason of his religious opinions or those of any of his family; that it was the duty of this Government to 

state to the world that the corner-stone and foundation of our republican institutions was religious liberty to the largest extent; and when 

they assigned as a reason for refusing an .American citizen otherwise 

acceptable and otherwise qualified to a position of honor, trust, or profit, it was an attack upon the principle on which our Government was based and we intended to meet it. 

Mr. H.A WLEY. :May I ask the Senator a question? 

Mr. VEST. Certainly. . Mr. H.A WLEY. I shall be glad if what I conjecture shall_turn out 

to be true--

Mr. TELLER. There is so much noise in the Chamber thatitisalmost impossible to hear either of the Senators. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Senators will please come to order 

and suspend conversation in the Chamber. 

Mr. H.A WLEY. I got an impression from hastily reading the cor- respondence that probably the .Austrian Government did not mean to 

say that there was any legal or high political" objection to Mr. Keiley 

because of his having married a J ewess, but to intimate that socially 

it would be very disagreeable to him. Is not that justified by the cor- respondence.? 

Mr. VEST. I was about to refer to the point advanced by tho Government of .Austria-Hungary, and I will come to it in a. moment. 

In reply to the assertion of Mr. Bayard that this Government would 

not permit the Government of .Austria-Hungary to make this objection~ 

because, as a matter of course, it was simply a protesir-Baron Von 

Schaeffer informed Mr. Bayard that he was instructed by his government to enter into no discussion on the subject of religious toleration, 

that the Government of .Austria-Hungary permitted entire liberty of 

conscience, and then for the first time appears the allegation to which 

the Senator from Connecticut has referred, that the meaning of the 

Government of .Austria-Hungary was that the position of an Americ..'ln 

minister who was wedded to a. Jewess by civil marriage would be such as to deprive him of all social influence and diplomatic. consideration 

at the court of .Austria-Hungary. 

In Austria-Hungary, u.s well as in the United States, the constitution grant! 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 349 

enti~e liberty to all forms of religions worship. Our objections to Mr. Kelley's appointment as minister of the United States to the imperial court are founded 

upon wnnt of political tact evinced on his part on a former occasion, in conse- quence of which a friendly power declined to receive him, and upon the cer- tainty that his domestic relations preclude that reception of him by Vienna so- ciety which we judge desirable for the representative of the United States, 

with which power we wish to continue the friendly relations existing between 

the two Governments. 

Mr. President, it is very obvious that, with the indirection of diplomatic correspondence and assertion, the Government of Austria--Hungary simply means to say that any gentleman who has married a Jewess can not obtain the position to which he is entitled in the court 

of Austria-Hungary or the society of Vienna, which is preci')ely the 

sn.me thing, by reason of that marriage; that position has never been 

abandoned from the beginning to the end of the correspondence; it is 

the salient point throughout the whole; and subsequently acting upon 

that reason the court of Austria-Hungary rejected Mr. Kelley. These 

are substantially t.he fads as they appear from the correspondence. 

I do not propose to detain the Senate by elaborating-the que,...~ions of 

internationa.l law which are involved in this matter. 'They are very 

plain and very simple. If the Government of Austria-Hungary had 

simply contented itself with saying that it had personal objections, as did the Government of Italy, to Mr. Kelley, then the Government of 

the United States, acting as it did in the case of Italy, would have recognized the right of Anstrin.-Hungary to have made the objection, and 

:Mr. Kelley would have resigned, as he subsequently did resign, and as 

he had before resigned the Italian mission. But when the Government 

of Austria-Hungary put its rejection of Mr. Kelley on the ground that 

his wife entertained certain religious opinions, this Government was 

bound, in my judgment, by its constitutional provisions, by its traditions, and by the opinions of its people to assert respectfully but firmly 

to that foreign government that we can not for one instant admit the 

justice of any such objection to an American citizen. 

I speak frankly and perhaps earnestly because the great political leader 

in whose doctrines I believe, in whose public life I feel an especial pride, 

is peculiarly the author of the doctrine of religious toleration in the 

United States. It is a singular fact, but nevertheless a fact, that, out 

of the thirteen colonies which achieved independence from the British 

Crown, prior to the revolution there were but three that admitted liberty of conscience to its fullest extent, and those three color..ies were Rhode Island, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. In the others there were 

statutes for a number of yen,rs of a stringent-I was about to say barbarons-character, including Virginia and some of the Southern States, 

against llie right of any citizen to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience, but he was compelled to abide by the dictates 

of the established church. Mr. Jefferson, in his autobiography, written 

when he was seventy-seven years old,gi ves a graphic account of the condition of affairs in Virginia when he returned after writing the Declaration 

of Independence. He found the established church with a. licentious 

clergy, who were simply adjuncts of the great houses where high play 

and old Madeira rewarded complaisant ministry. 

The first act of Mr. Jefferson when he left the Continental Congress 

and became a member of the Virginia house of burgesses, was to 

attack the doctrine of the union of church and state, and assert the 

fullest right of freedom of conscience and religions opinion. In his 

autobiography, written when he was se>enty-seven years old, as I have 

stated, he says this was the most terrible struggle of his long and 

eventful career. Against him were united all the great families of 

Virginia, almost without exception, and, more than all, the established 

chmch, with its ministers and laity, who resented hia attack upon 

church and state as a sacrilege and as a personal outrage upon themselves. So terrible was the struggle that the enmities which it engendered pursued Mr. Jefferson through life and assailed his memory 

after death. Jefferson had been a member of the house of burgesses 

of Virginia, of the Continental Congress, governor of Virginia, minister to France, Secretary of State, Vice-PresidentandPresidentofthe 

United States; but in the epitaph written by his own hands, to be placed 

upon the stone that marked his grave, were only the words: ' ' Here was buried Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of American Independence and of the statute of Virginia ior religious freedom, and father 

of the UniversityofVirginia;" and if there be one of these great achievements greater than the other, it was that which gave to every freeman 

npnn this continent the right to bend his knee to the God of his own adoration in his own way. This principle, attacked now in this cor- respondence, is, as Mr. Bayard has properly said, sac1·ed to every American citizen and the corner-stone of our institutions. I am glad that the 

Department ·of State bas assumed this position, and I sincerely hope 

that it may receive the indorsement of both Houses of our national Congress. 

Now, sir, I move the reference of this joint resolution, together with 

tl1e rnessnge of the President and accompanying papers, to the Committee on Foreign Helations. 

1\Ir. r L U.MB. I think this correspondence and this whole occurrence 

illustrates more perfectly and fully what we accomplish by what we call our diplomatic service than anything else which bas recently taken 

place; and I am unwilling tbn.t this resolution shall go to the Committee on Foreign Relations without briefly calling attention to it. 

I think myself that there is no question of religious liberty whatever 

involved here. I think the key to all this situation is found in the 

letter of Baron Schaeffer to Mr. Bayard of the 11th day of June and the 

letter of 111r. Bayard to Mr. McLane, in which he himself interprets, I 

think, this whole dis~ussion very correctly, ofthe date of May 27. 

In the first pla.ce, Austria is the neighbor of Italy. Italy having declined to receive Mr. Kelley, Austria said in subEt.ance it would be an unneighborly act to receive him as minister; and in addition to that it was stated that because he had married a J ewess Vienna society would 

not receive him; and as Mr. Kelley's duties there would be wholly social, 

and as he could not get into society unless the Austrian Government 

took him in under its wing, and as it could not properly undertake 

this, and thereby do violence tO the social code of Vienna, it therefore 

advised that he be left at home. Vienna society would not receive 

him, and his position would therefore necessarily be hampered and disagreeable, and they thought on the whole_he had better not go there; and 

I think so too. 

That that is the whole of it, appears from the letter of 11Ir. Bayard 

of the 27th day of 111ay to Mr. McLane, in which he makes himself, I 

think, the only satisfactory interpretation of this whole correspondence. 

He is directing Mr. McLane to interrupt the progress of Mr. Keiley 

toward the Austrian dominions, and goes on to say: 

The Austrian minister communicated Mr. Bayard's note to his government and nothing further had been heard from him. It was not understood that the 

Austrian Government distinctly refused to receive Mr. Keiley for the reasons stated, but it holds out the threat of social ost~cism, which would make the position of the minister painful and perhaps untenable. 

It was purely and solely and only, according to Mr. Bayard on the 

27th of May, a social question. That is exactly what it remains now; 

and it is a social question, because the only duty performed by our minister at the Austrian court, as I presume also the sole and only duties 

of our minister at any court, are social duties. I am glad; therefore, 

that this case has arisen, not because a good man has been deprived of 

the salary of a good office, but because the attention of the country has 

been called to the fact that we pay a large sum of money to keep up a 

·service which is purely ornamental. I say "ornamental;" I can not 

even say so much as that. If what I have heard about the attire of the . people whom we send abroad, and their general performance at the 

various capitals to which they are accredited be true, then, to "my untutored vision," I should think they were not even ornamental; cer- tainly they would not be edifying west of the Mississippi River. In 

the letter of Baron Scha~ffer to Mr. Bayard of the 11th of J nne the matter is set out distinctly as follows: 

In Austria-Hungary, as well as in the United States, the constitution grants en tire liberty to all forms of religi01~s worship. 

Nothing can be more emph~tic than that. I believe that to be true, 

and that is stated for the purpose of setting forth distinctly that no religions question was involved in this refusal to receive Mr. Keiley. 

Baron Schaeffer continues: 

Om· objections to Mr. Keiley's appointment as minister of ·the United St~tes to the imperial court are founded upon want of political tact evinced on his part on a former occasion , in consequence of which a friendly power declined tore- ceive himIn other words h~ had made such utterance as would make his presence offensive at Rome, and Austria, desiring to keep on the good side of 

Italy and remain in that neighborly frame of mind which the contiguity of their borders naturally enforced, did not want to receive him 

aud thought it best he should not comeand upon the certainty that his domestic relations preclude tbat reception of 

him by Vienna society which we judge desirable for the representative of the 

United States, with which power we wish to continue the friendly 1·elations 

existing between the two governments. 

In other words, in plain English, Mr. Kelley was appointed to perform some social duties about the court of Vienna, and he could not 

do these unless the Austrian Emperor should receive him at the ''drawing-rooms" at which the nobility and others of social standing are received, because the people who have that standing would not associate 

with Mr. Reiley. This seems, of course, a little bit harsh in this country, where there is no social distinction of the kind here set up-except 

at one hotel, I believe, at Saratogn,. I think the:re is perhaps at Saratoga a hotel where a social distinction of this kind is recognized; but as ageneral rule it is not recognized, aml it seems a little hard generally. 

I am told, too, that some gentlemen who have come o>er on this side 

in an official capacity, 'With domestic relations which were not of a kind 

that were in vogae anywhere in this country, except possibly in the 

limited area of the Salt Lake Valley, have felt a little bit putout tbatwe 

did not think well of those social relations; and there have been some 

intimations, I have understood, at timesratberplain, that persons who came in that way could not be·expected to participate, very exteusi vely · 

at any rntc, in the social ordinances of Washington. 

I think, with the Senator from Missouri, the reason was not a very 

good ont-that is to say, judging it in a large way; but thereasou was 

not "IThat :Mr. Bayard argned so strenuously and so very well, and 

nothing could have exceeded the ability of the disquisition which he 

has put forth in this correspondence upon the subject of religious liberty, 

in which I entirely concur; but it is wide of the mark. No StH:h subject appears in the corre>pondence in any way, except as he hims:!lf put 

it in, ' . Bot I am reminued that I have hearil soille of my legal friend.~ s.1.y 
350 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 21, 

at times that there is very often a good decision founded upon a very 

poor reason. 

Shortly after this U r. Kelley was appointed to Italy, and in anticipation of his going a dinner was given him n,t Richmond, at which he made 

a speech which was reported in the newspapers, and the last time I saw 

it it was made the subject of acartoonin an Administration illustrated 

newspaper. So I am warranted in assuming that the report which I 

saw in more than one newspaper was correct. In that speech Mr. Keiley is reported as sa.ying in the way of defending himself against what 

was then in the air as having been alleged against him by the Italian 

Government that he had sub tantially said of the Italian Government 

what he now said of the American Government, and that was that it 

was a government that was founded upon a gross and bloody violation 

of public rjght. Ur. President, when I read that I could not help 

thinking that that was not the kind of a person that Qught to represent 

the.America.n Government anywhere, even in a drawing-room, even at 

what my friend the other day felicitously described as a picnic. Certainly if any body is going abroad to represent the sovereignty, the power, 

the purpo es, whatever they may be, social or political, of the American Government, he ought to be a man who bas no such opinion as that 

about the Government whose commission be bears; and so I would have 

said if I had been asked to decide this question myself as an individual, 

that while the Austrian Government ba.d alleged a very poor reason, and 

one which bythe lights I have aboutit seemsentirelyinsufiicicnt, that 

is to say, that this man had married a Jewess and consequently could 

not get in the society of the Austrian capital, I should have said that 

back of all thn.t decision perhaps was a very good one, because as I believe he was not a proper person to represent this Government at Austria or elsewhere. 

So when the Com,m:ittee on Foreign Relations come to consider this 

question, as I hope they will, I trust they will give careful consideration 

to the question whether we need any minister at the Austrian court or 

not. I hope it will be found thatthiswholediplomatic service, which 

costs us a great deal of money, is an antiquated and totally unnecessary appendage, and Tecommend to the Senate that it shall be dispensed '\vith in toto. I am not aware that the wheels of Government 

have moved with any less celerity and freedom from friction since Mr. 

Kelley was rejected by the Austrian Government,. or that we have had 

during the very exciting times that have occurred in that neighborhood 

during the ln.st few months any loud cry for anybody to represent 

American intereststhereduringtheServian, Bulgarian, and Roumelian 

complications. Those countries have been contending by force of arms, 

and yet there has never been a suggE>..s tion, even from the exporters of 

American petroleum, or from any other source I have ever heard of, 

that anything was lacking in the representation which our Government 

had in that neighborhood. 

I hope also the committee will go a little further and consider whether 

or not this controversy has not proceeded upon a false basis, whether, 

in fact, there is any foundation for any controversy whateyer; and in 

the next place and fundamentally whether or not- Mr. Kelley, or a man 

professing the sentiments which he is said to have uttered at Richmond 

on the occasion I have Teferred to, is a proper person to represent this 

Government anywhere abroad, or at home either, for that matter, estimable as he mat be, and as I have no doubt he is. 

Mr. VEST. Will the Senator from Kansas be kind enough to cite 

me the letter to 11Ir. McLane? 

Mr. PLUMB. It is found on p::tge 11 of this correspondence, Executive Document No.4, at the bottom of the page, telegram No. 6, Mr. 

Bayard to Mr. McLane, dated Washington, May 27, 1885. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there is no objection the reference 

will be made. The joint resolution will be considered read the second 

time, and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. 

HOLIDAY RECESS. 

Mr. EDMUNDS. Under the rule I ask the Chair to lay before the 

Senate the resolution of the House of Representatives on the subject of 

adjourning for the holidays. I think it will be a convenience to the 

gentlemen of the other House to know what the action of the Senate is. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair lays before the Senate a 

concurrent resolution from the House of Representatives, which will be 

read. 

The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That when the two Houses adjourn on 11Ionday, December 21, 1885, they stand adjourned until Tuesday, J a nuary 5, 1886. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempo-re. The question is upon concurring in 

the resolution of the House of Representatives. 

The resolution was concurred in. 

P .A.PERS WITHDRAWN .A.ND REFERRED. 

01i motion of Mr. EVARTS, it was Ordered, That the papers on the files of the Senate with Senate bill 459, Forty. 

eighth Congre s, be taken from the files of the Senate and referred to the Com- mittee on Finance. 

On motion of Mr. HALE, it was Ordered, Thll;t the papers in the case of L. Madison Day be withdrawn from the files of the Senate and 1·eferred to the Committee on Claims, there having been no adverse report thereon. · · 

On motion of· Mr. 1\llTCHELL, of Pennsylvania, it was 

Ordered, That the papers in the case of Richard C. Ridgway on the file of the Senate be refe1Ted to the Committee on Claims, no adverse repo11 having been made. · 

On motion of Mr. <_;ON"GER, it was 

Ordered, 7'hat the papers in connection with enat e bill providing for the sale of the Fort Brady military rcsen·alion, in Michigan, be withdrawn from the file of the Senate and referred to the Committee on Military Aftair~. 

On motion of Mr. TELLER, it was 

Ordered, That the papers in theca e of J. J: Rockafellow be withdrawn from the files of the Senate and 1·eferred to the Committee on laims. Ordered, That the papers in the case of HOt·ace A. ,V. Taber be withdrawn from the files and referred to the Committe on Claims. Ordered, That the papers in the case of William .l't!. Keightley be withdrawn from the files and referred to the Committee on lnims. 

On motion ofUr. MAXEY, it was 

Ordered, That the papers on file relating to the claim of the legal representa- tives of Francis Guilbeau, deceased, b e withdrawn from the !il and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

On motion of Ur. HERMAN, it was 

Ordered, That the papers in the case of James Crutchelt on the files of the n- ate bo referred to the Committee on th~ Di trict of Columbia. 

On motion of Mr. H.A.RRIS, it was 

Ordered, That the paper3 in respect to the bill for the relief of Rear-Admiral Samuel P. Carter be withdrawn from the file of the Senate and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Orde1·ed, That the papers in respect to the claim of HenryS. French be with- drawn from the files and referred to the Committee on Claims. 

STORES .AND SUPPLIES OF NAVY DEP.A.RT.ME}l'T. 

Mr. HALE submitted the following resolution; which was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: 

Resolved, That the Secretary of the Navy be directed to inform the Senate whether the Navy Department complied with the provisions of ection 2 of the naval appropriation act of .A.ugust5,1882, requiring an account to be taken of the stock of stores and supplies pertaining to the several bureaus of the Department, and an appraisement to be made of such stores and supplies; and, if so, to d-e- scribe the manner in which such account and appraisement were made, and whether any part of the requirement of the law was not complied with, a.nd whether or not the account and appraisement con tituted an inventory of the stock on hand at the time they were mude. 

COIDirrTEE ON INTERS-rATE COMl\IERCE. 

Mr. CULLOU. I asked a week ago for an extension of time in which 

the Select Committee on Interstate Commerce could make its report. 

I expected to be able to report to-day, but on account of one of the members of the committee being called home we have not yet quite concluded the report, and I therefore ask that the cqmmittee be continued 

until the 15th of January, within which time it shall have leave to 

make its report. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from illinois asks the 

consent of the Senate to extend the time of making a ce:rtain report 

until the 15th of January next. Is there objection? The Chair hear.s 

none, and the order is made. · 

ALLOWANCE OF PENSION CLAD\IS. 

Mr. HARRISON submitted the following resolution and asked for 

its present consideration: 

Whereas it is stated in substance in the last annunl report of the Commi - sioner of Pensions that under the administration of his p1·edecessors, or orne of them, in that office, other te ts than those of the law were applied to appli- cations for pen ion, and that applicants were required to show, in addition to service in the field, submission to and support of a. party before pension)! wera granted: Therefore, · Resolved, That the Committee on E~cnditures of Public Money is hereby directed to inquire into said statementS and to 1·eport the fact to the Senate. Said committee is authorized to send for persons and papers and to employ a stenographer. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. Is there objection to the present 

consideration of the resolution? 

Mr. COCKRELL. Let it lie over. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Objection is made, and the resolution lies over. 

P .A. Y OF EMPLOYEs. 

Ur. ALLISON. I ask the Chair to lay before the Senate the House 

joint resolution relative to the pay of the employes of the two Houses for 

the present month. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the joint resolution (H. Res. 2) to pay the officers aud employes of the Senate and 

House of Representatives their respective salaries for the month of 

December, 1885, on the 21st day of said month; which was read twice 

by its title. 

.Mr. ALLISON. I ask tor the present consideration of the joint resolution. 

The PRESIDENT pro tt?npore. The Senator from Iowa ask unanimous consent for the present consideration of the joint resolution. Is 

there objection? _ 

There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, 

proceeded to consider the joint resolution. 

The joint resolution wn.s reported to the Senate. without amendment, ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. 

1\IESSAGE FROM TIIE HOU E. 

A message from the House of Uepresentatives, by 1t!r. CLAnK, its 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 351• 

·clerk, announced that the Rouse had passed a joint resolution (H. message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

Res. 5) authorizing payment of C. H. Mann, messenger to the report;.. with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee o~ Indian 

ers' gallery; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. Affairs: 

ENROLLED BILLS SIGXED. 

The message also announced that the Speaker of the Honse had 

signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolutions; and they were thereupon signed by the President p1·o tempo·re: · A bill (S. 580) granting a pension to Julia D. Grant; . A bill (S. 118) for the relief of Alexander R. Lawton, of the State 

To the Senate ancl Hou.se of Rep1·ese11tatit·es: 

I transmit herewith a communication of the 17th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers, a draught of a. bill granting a right of way to the Jamestown and Korthern Raih·oadCompany through the Devil's Lake Indian reservation, in the Territory of Dakota. The matter is presented for the consideration and action of Congress. GROVER CLEVELAND. EXECUTIVE MANSION, Decembc1· 21, 1885. 

The PRESIDENT JJro tem.pm·e laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

the Board of Affairs, and ordered to be printed: 

of Georgia; . Joint resolution (H. lles.l) authorizing the Secretary of the Interior 

to use a portion of the contingent fund to fit up rooms for the Commissionerof Patents: and 

Joint resolution (S. R. 1) :filling existing vacancies in 

Regent.s of the Smithsonian Institution. To the Senate ana House of Representatives: 

CUSTOMS FRAUDS AT :NEW YORK. 

. Mr. HOAU. submitted the following resolution; which was considered 

by unanimous consent, :md agreed to: · Resolved, That the Committee on Fina.nce are hereby authorized and directed by themselves, or by a subcommittee, to investigate the frauds and abuses al- leged to exist in the collection of the customs revenue of the Goyerrunent at the port of New York, especi¥ty the subject of undervaluations of imported mer- chandise and the reappraisement of the same at said port; and that said com- mittee, or subcommittee, haye power to pursue such investigation and take testimony at. such times a.nd places ns they may deem proper, to send for per- sons and papers. to administer oaths, and compel the attendance of witnesses; and shall report the resu tt of their investigation to the Senate, with recommenda- tions as to what changes, if any, should be made in the customs laws in order to prevent frauds in the importation of merchandise and in the collection of the revenue from customs. 

C. H. MANN. 

The joint resolution (H. Res. 5) n.nthorizing payment of C. H. Uann, 

messenger to the reporters' gallery, was read twice by its title. 

Mr. ALLISON. That relates, I understand, to a correction of an appropriation made last ye..'li' for an employe of the Honse of Representati ves; It seems to be their own matter, and I suppose the Senate should 

consent to it; therefore I ask that the joint resolution be put upon its 

passage. 

Mr. EDMUNDS. Let it be read for information. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be read at l~ngth. 

The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

.Resolved by Ute Senate and Hou.se of .Re]wesentatives of the United States of .America 

in Congress assenwled, That the Clerk of the House of Representatives be, and he hereby is, authorized and directed to pay to C. H. Mann the salary provided for in the "act making appropriations for le.,oi.slative, executive, and judicial ex- penses for the fiscal year ending June 30,1885," for the messenger in there- porters' gallery, from July 1, to December 7,1885, inclusive. 

Mr. 'EDUUNDS. Is there any explanation? 

Mr. ALLISON. I hn.ve not examined it, but a member of the House 

spoke to me about it. I ask that it be referred to the Committee on Appropriations. 

Mr. EDMUNDS. I am under the impression from reading the debates in a place elsewhere that there is a question whether this gentle- man is to have double pay or something of that kind, he having been 

appointed in another department. While I entirely agree that in ordinary cases each House should regulate such little matters for itself, I 

think this had better be referred. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is proposed to refer the resolution 

to the Committee on Appropriations. That order will be m,ade if there 

be no objection . . 

NEW ORLEANS COTION EXPO!;ITION. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read: 

To lhe.Senate and House of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a report, together with accompanying documents, made to me by the board of management of the World's Industrial and CottonCen· tennial Exposition held at New Orleans from December 16,1884, to May 31,1885. 

Ex:ECUTITE MANSION, 

Washinglcm, December 21, 1885. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. 

!1r. COCKRELL. Let the question of printing the accompanying 

documents be referred to the Committee on Printing for examination .. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The message and aecompanying doc· 

uments will be referred to the Committee on Printing. 

RAILROADS THROUGH INDIAN RESERVATIONS. 

The PRESIDENT JJro tempore laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was-read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

A1fairs, and ordered to be printed: 

To the Senate and Hou.se of Representat-ives: 

l transmit herewith a communication of 17th inst."\nt from the Secretary of the Int,erior,submitting, with accompanying papers, a draught of a bill to accept and ratify an agreement made by the Pah-Ute Indians, and granting a right of way 

to the Carson and ColoradoRailrc.ad Company through the Walker River reser- vation, in Nevada. The matter is presented for the consideration and action of Congress. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. EXECUTIVE MANSION, December 21, 1885. 

The PRESIDENT pt·o tempore laid before the Senate the following 

I transmit herewith a communication of the 17th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers, a report of the Commis- sioner of Indian Affairs concerning the failure of the Utah and Northern Railroad Company to compensate the Indians upon the Fort Hall reservation, in Idaho, for lands taken and used in the construction of their line of road crossing the reservation from north to south. 

The subject is recommended to the early attentioGRo'W~o~E~OO. 

EXECGTIVE 1\IANSION, Decembe1· 21,1885. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before-the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

.A.ffirirs, and ordered to be printed: 

To the Senate and House of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a communication of the 17th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting,'with accompanyingpapers, a draught ofabilltoaccept and ratify an agreement made by the Sisseton and Wahpeton Indians, and to grant arightofwayforthe Chicago,Milwaukeeand Saint Paul Railway through the Lake Traverse reservation, in Dakota. · The subject is presented for the·consideration and action of Congress. GROVER CLEVELAND. EXECUTIVE 1\IANsioN, Decembe-1· 21,1885. 

The PRESIDENT pro temp01;e laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs, and ordered to be printed: 

To the Senat~.and Home of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a. communication of the 15th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, subn:Utting, with accompanyingpapers,a.draughtofa.bill to accept and ratify an agreement made with the confederated tribes and bands ofindians occupying the Yakima reservation, in Washington Territory, for the right of way of the Northern Pacific Railroad across said reservation, &c. The matter is presented for the consideration and action of Congress. GROVER CLEVELAND. ExEcUTIVE 1\IANsioN, D!cenwer 21, 1885. 

TRESPASSES ON IKDIAN LA~TJ>S. 

The PRESIDENT pro tmnpore laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United Sta~; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs, and ordered to be 'printed: 

To the Senate and House of Representatives: . 

I transmit herewith a. communication of 15th instant fl'Om the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers upon the subject, a draught of a bill to amend section 2148 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, relating to trespasses upon Indian lands. . The subject is one of great importance, and is commended to the early and favorable action of Congress. GROVER CLEVEL.Al'I'D. EXECUTITE MANSION,_ Decem.be1· 21, 188.5. 

TIMBER DEPREDATIONS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tmnpore laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Public 

Lands, and ordered to be printed: 

To th~ Senate and HIYUSe of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a ·communication of15th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers on the subject, a. draught of a bill to amend section 5388 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, relating to timber depredations upon lands reserved or purchased for military, Indian, or other purposes, &c. 

This is an important subject, and is commended to the early attention of Con- gress. GROVER CLEVELAJ\"'D. EXECUTIVE MANSION, December 21, l&.'l5. 

CALIFORNIA MISSIOY Th"DIANS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following 

message from the President of the United States; which was read, and, 

with the acompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian .Affairs, and ordered to be printed: 

To the Senate and Ho11,se of Repl'esentatives: 

I transmit herewith a communication of 15th instant from the Secretary of the Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers upon the subject, a draught of a. bill for the relief of the Mission Indians in California. 

· The subject is presented for the action of Congress. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. ExECUTI.VE MANSION, December 21,1885. 

DECEASED K.ICKAPOO nmiANS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following 
352 ·CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 21, 

message from th.e President of the United Sta.te.s; which was read, and, 

with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Indian 

Affairs, :md ordered to be printed: 

To the Sena!e and House of Representatives: 

I transmit herewith a communication of 15th instant from the Secretary of the 

Interior, submitting, with accompanying papers upon the subject, a draught of a bill" to provide for the settlement of the estates of deceased Kickapoo Indians 

in the State of Kansas, and for other purposes." 

and notes of the United States; second, to the purchase or payment of 1 per cent. of t.he entire debt of the United States, to be made within each fiscal year, which is to be set apart as a sinking fund, and the interest of. which shall in like manner be applied to the purchase or payment of the public debt, as the Secretary of the Treasury shall, from time to time, direct; third, the residue to be 

paid into the Treasury:" Resolved, That the Committee on Finance be instructed to inquire whether 

the laws above stated now are, or have heretofore, been obeyed; and if they have not, to report by bill, or otherwise, such measures as will secure their en- forcement. · The matter is presented for the favorable considerA.tion of Congress. 

GROVER CLEVELAND. Mr. BECK Mr. President, no man will deny that the laws passed by 

ExECUTIVE MANsio:s, December 21• 1885• Congress are as imperative on the highest executiTe official as on the 

TERRITORY OF DAKOTA. humblest citizen, whether they approve them or not. I venture to as· 

Mr. BECK. I call up the resolution submitted by me on the 18th sert that no man will contend that the laws recited in the preamble to 

instant- and I ask that it be read. the foregoing resolution either are now or have for many years past been 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution sub~itted by the obeyed. All sorts of excuses may be and have been offered for their 

Senator from Kentucky on the 18th instant is before the Senate and Violation, still the fact remains that the laws of the land have been diswill be read. regarded by our executive officers, and the legislative power has been 

Mr. HARRISON. Do I understand that the Senator gave previous subordinated to the will Of men whose duty it is to submit to them and 

notice of a desire to addre...~ the Senate at this time on this resolution? to execute them as they exist. They have no right to decide whether 

Mr. BECK. I desire to address the Senate in regard to it now, as I a law is good or bad, politic or impolitic; so long as itislawtheymust 

gave notice on Friday that I should. be compelled to render implicit obedience to it. They have officially 

Mr. HARRISON. I had expected this morning that the resolution informed Congress for years past that they neither require coin to be 

in relation to the action of the people of Dakota would come before paid for duties on imported goods, nor do they set apart the coin or its 

the Senate again for discussion, and had prepared to submit more re- equivalent so received as a special fund to pay the interest on our pubmarks upon that subject in response to the Senator from Missouri [Mr. lie debt, or to procure bonds for the sinking fund. On the contrary, they 

VEST], bnt as the hour of 2 o'clock has been nearly reached now, the admit that as the existing laws do not coincide with their views of what 

only time I could claim a right to use for the discussion of th~ subject, is politic they disregard them. . I deny their right to do so, because I 

and as I understand the Senator from Kentucky has given previous believe many of the evils the country is now afflicted with grow out of 

notice of his intention to go on and I C.'ID not with propriety interpose the disregard of the plainest provisions of law by our Treasury officials. an objection after 2 o'clock, I desire to suggest to the Senator from I have no faith in the-remedies which are now :md have for past years 

1\fissouri [Mr. VEST] that the resolution offered by him and also the been proposed for the evils they allege to exist. That the country is 

resolution offered by the Senator from South Carolina [Mr. BuTLER] not as prosperous as it ought to be I admit, but I insist that the remedy 

both be referred to the Committee on Territories. The Senator from is not to be found in striking down our silver coinage or the currency 

South Carolina has expressed to me his acquiescence in that disposition based U}Jon it, but rather in requiring our public creditors to take it as of his resolution. "the law and the contracts they required us to make demand. 

Mr. VEST. I harve rio objection. I do not propose to find fault with much that is recommended by our Mr. HARRISON. Then after the recess that committee will no executive officers; indeed, upon ·an questions, exc.ept that of coinage 

doubt be ready to bring the subject before the Senate in the form of and the payment of our public debt, I heartily indorse what they ad- some bill that will offer for discussion the whole subject-matter, and vise. No Secretary Qfthe Treasury has ever, in my opinion, expressed 

not simply the single phase of it which has been presented-in this- pre- more enlightened views in regard to our present system of tariff taxaliminary discussion. While I preferred to proceed now that there- tion than the present Secretary, and I assume that he has but elabormarks of the Senator from Missouri are fresh in my mind, I yield to the a ted the views of the President. No more intelligent and statesmanlike 

stress of circumstances this morning and propose that disposition of message, taking it as a whole, has ever emanated from the Executive 

these resolutions. Mansion since I have taken part in public affairs; but I disagree with 

Mr. DOLPH. I do not desire to discuss these resolutions, but I pro- the President and his officials as to the management of our currency and 

pose at some favorable time to add my mite to the historical part of our coinage, and I propose, respectfully but plainly, to state the reasons this debate by a reference to thecircumstance.!underwhichOregon was why, and to point out· the remedy I recommend as a substitute for 

admitted to the Union; but, inasmuch as Congress is about to adjourn changes proposed in the message and official reports. · now until the 5th of Janu:lry, I shall not ask to submit what I desire ·I believe that it can be demonstrated that gold and silver coin, and 

to submit at this time, but will take occasion fu do so when the resolu- the paper representatives of both, stand on an absolute equality before 

tions arc reported back or when some bill is reported to the Senate. the law, and that three-fourths of our present troubles grow out of the 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Indiana asks refusal of our officials to pay the money received at our custom-houses 

unanimous consent that the resolutions respecting the Territory of to onr public creditors in the manner and for the purposes prescribed 

DaJwta be referred to the Committee on Territories. by the laws of the United States. Therefore I have recited these laws, 

l'rlr. HARRISON. The two resolutions-that of the Senator from which are plain and simple, in the-preamble; and in the resolution have 

MiR.<;onri [l\1r. VEST] and that of the SenatoF from South Carolina [Mr. asked the Committee on Finance to tell the Senate whether they have 

BUTLER]. · beeu executed or not;. and if not, to report measures which will secure 

1 1t1· .1:' t{E..;;IDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? The Chair hears their enforcement. ·I admit that even when that is done other com binnone, and that order is made. ations must be broken up before we can become a prosperous com merJ UDICIAL SALARIER. cial people, but as all measures for tariff and tax reform· must be origi- . . nattd at the other end of the Capitol, I am content to await the action 

1\ir. ~OAR.. Wlll the Sen~t.or fro.m ~entucky _Permlt me to ~ake a taken there bein(J' confident that the Executive is in full sympathy sugges~on which I suppose will be for h1s convemence and that of the with all pr~p r efforts in that regard. 

Senate · I understand the Senator from Kentucky proposes to addre~ · There can be no dispute as to the fact that there must be something 

the Senate to-day. wrong in the management of public affairs ·when the ports of great naMr. BECK. I do. . . tions like Germany, France, Austria, and other countries-ru-e arbitrarily ~r. HOA~. ~ have c:_ha~ge of the pendm~ measure, the unfi.~:nsh~d closed against our cattle, hogs, and other food products, without, as bnsmess, wh1ch 1s tJ;le d1stnct court salary bilL As I suppose It Will the President tells us in his message, '.'present proepect of reasonable 

h~rdly_be worth while to ta~~ that up after t~e Senator has proceeded I change. " It is not a healthy condition of things when wheat, hogs, 

With h1s rem~rks, I should liKe~ have m;mmmous consent J?-Ow ~at ancl other farm products, debarred from foreign markets in ret.aliation. that sal.ary bill ~a;v be the unfimshed hu~rness on the mo_rnmg a-fter because of our protective tariff, sell at home for prices which will barely 

the. holidays, as 1~ lS to-day,. a~d then let It go over so that 1t shall not pay the cost of production . . As .to them certainly protection does not 

be m the Senators way at 2 o clock. . protect. The great AmeriCan. agricultural industries, which' give em- The P~ESIDENT p1·o tempore . . The Se_nator from Massachus~tts ployment to more than half of the workers for wages~ whose welfare is 

asks una!lm1ous consent th_at the b1ll to w~ch he refers JS . . 6), :fixmg held up (properly so) as the highest aim oflegislation, and whose prodthe salanes of the several Jndges of the Umted Sta~ dlStnct courts nets constitute at least 80 per cent. of our exports, receive no real con- at ~5,000 pe-: annum, and for .other purposes, be considered as the un- sideration here, and are not even ranked among the industries of the 

finished busmess at the.m~tmg of the Sena.te on the .5th of January country over which Congress is asked or expeeted to throw its protectnext. If there be no obJectwn, that order will be considered as agreed . rm t T1 Ch · h b" t• lllg a · o. le air ears no 0 ]ec IOn. These great interests are the unorganized, unequipped, and .therefore 

COIN DUTIES ON IMPORTED Goons. neglected militia; whose strength can not. be brought to.bear with bali 

The Senate proceeded to the consideration of the following resolution, the efficiency of a single regiment of thoroughly armed veterans, fightsubmitted by Mr. BECK on the 18th instant: · ing for special interest. This is illustrated here and n:_ow by. the zeal 

Whereas the laws of the'United States require that all duties on imported goods everywhere displayed by the combinations 'of bankers and bondholders shall be paid in coin; and • a.nd their able and well-paid press to maintain their bonds at a premium \Vhereasitisprovided by section 3G94 ofthe Revised Statutes that "The coin of24 percent., or rather to increase that premium to 30 or40 per cent . . p..'tid for duties on imported goods shall be set apart as a special fund, and shall ..rl ~ be applied as follows: First, to the payment, in coin, of the interest on the bonds at the expense of the already impoverished masses of tax-paJ ers. " 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECOB.D-SENATE. 353 

seems as though it was thought to be the duty of Congress to see to it 

that the rich should be made richer by makirig the poor poorer. Wby 

should we be in hot paste to strike down our silver currency for fear of 

a fall in our outstanding bonds below .24 per cent. premium? Have the 

representatives of the people any interest in maintaining, far less in increasing, the premium on bonds bearing 4 per cent. interest beyond 24 

per cent., when we must soon become the purchasers of them at any 

premium, or else contract our currency at ruinous mtes by locking up 

in the Treasury all our surplus revenue, as reduction of taxation seems 

to be impossible, by the passage of laws which will still farther depreciate the prices of farm pro~ucts, now so low that producers can not raise 

them and pay wages to their laborers on which they can live? 

When fat hogs sell at 3~- cents a pound, and other things in pronPrtion, when all the world is combining to exclude ~ur agricultural products from ·their markets in retaliation against our protective system, 

which prohibits our farmers from buying what they must have with 

the proceeds of what they mus~ sell, unless they pay 46 per cent. on 

the average more than they are offered them for, in order to enrich a few 

organized combinations of manufacturers, who seek no markets abroad 

and refuse to sell their pro~ucts in competition with so-called paupers 

with whom the farmers must compete, our condition is ~ot satisfactory. - . . But I agree that the Senate can not inaugurate measures to relie-ve 

the country from oppressions of that character; therefore I propose to 

seek relief in the treatment of our circulation, not by ·destroying it, 

but by extending its usefulness. The present· crusade against silver 

is only another evidence of the audacity of the organizatiorls of wealth; 

they have always secured a.U they d~manded, however unjust their demands; they have succeeded in _alarming the President and the Secretary of the Treasury as they have done several · precedillg administrations; they threaten to use the power which our laws give them over 

our currency, of withdrawing from circnlation among the people and, 

if need be, from the country the gold they control, and thus derange, 

even if ruin follows, the business of the people. Every concession increases their audacity and adds to their power. A stand must be made 

somewhere by the represent.-'1ti-ves of the tax-payers, or an absolute surrender of all the monetary interests of the country into their bands 

must follow. A mere reference to the past legislation of Congress on 

this subject proves w.hat I say. · When it was ·first asserted, in 1868, 

by the bondholders, as the time approached when the United States 

could lawfully pay off the 5-20 6 per cent. bonds, and when the outstanding principalQfthe public debt exceeded $2,600,000,000, that the 

honor of the country demanded that the p1incipal as well as the interest on the bonds should be paid in gold or· silver coin, a cry of indignation was raised all over the land against such a demand by all honest 

disinterested men. , 

They were told, and told truthfully, that all the bonds they held had 

been purchased with legal-tender notes at par; that for each $100 in 

greenbacks they n.aid to the Government they bad received a bond 

for $100, bearing 6 per cent. interest, payable in gold or silver coin; 

that the greenback when they exchanged it for the bond was only worth 

50 cents on the dollar in coin, and that it was an outrage in the face of 

the eontract they had made, with theprivilegesgiven to m,anyoftbem 

in addition as national bankers to have currency issued for them to loan 

out on the security of tbeirlbonds equal to 90 per cent. of the bonds deposited, to demand t.hat the principal of their bonds sbonld be paid in 

coin. They knew-everybody knew-that the claim was false. The 

legal-tender notes had and continue to have an indorsement on their 

back that 11 This note shall be receivable at its face value for all debts, 

public and private, except interest 6n the public debt and customs 

dues," so that tbe11e could be neither doubt nor dispute either as to the 

law or the fact. Nobody denounced the im·pudent demand of the bondholders more emphatically than the present presiding officer of the 

Senate [M.r. SHER1\1AN]. He said in his letter to a friend in 1868: 

DEAR Srn: I was pleased to receive your letter. My personal interests are the same as yours; but~ like you, I do n ot intend to be influenced by them. My con- struction of the law 1s the result of careful examination, and I feel quite sure an impa rtial court would affirm it, if the case could be tried before a court. I send you my views as fully stated in a. speech. Your idea is, that we propose tore- pudiate or violate a. p.romise when we offer to redeem the "principal" in legaltenders. I think the bondholder violates his promise when he refuses to take the same kind of money he pa id for the .bonds. If the case is to be tested by law I am right ; if it 'is to be tested by Jay Cooke's advertisements, I am wrong. i hate r epudiation, or anything like it·, but we ought not to be deterred from doing wha t is rig ht by fear of undeserved epithets. · . If under. the law a s it stands the holders of the five-twenties can only be paid 

in gold, then we are repudiators if we propose tQ pay otherwise. If the bondbolder ca n legally demand only the kind of money he P\lid, then he is a repudi- ator and extortioner to demand money more valuable t-han he gave. T ruly y ot."rs, · 

·JOHN SHERMAN. 

E very word be said was true, and :r:emains true to this dary. The 

pledge is on the back of every greenback now that it shall be receivable, at its face value, for every debt, public and private, except interest 

on the publ ic debt and customs dues. The men who demanded more 

were repudiators of the public 1aith and credit, as he truthfu.lly and 

indignantly said.' Mr. Stevens, then the leader of his party, denounced 

their claim still more fiercely, and threatened to abandon his party 

XVII-23 

and join the Democracy, even with ''Frank Blair '' on the ticket, rather 

than countenance such an outrage on public decency. 

The su-bsequent legislation by Congress only proves the truth of 

Macaulay's observation.that if large pecuniary ~nterests were concerned 

in denying the truth of the attraction of gravitation that most obvious 

of physical facts would be strongly and ably disputed. 

~ It seems to me that any set of men who would cleny'the fact that the 

legal-tender note, indorsed as it was and is, which bad purchased the 

bonds at its face value should be received again by the bondholder in 

payment of the principal of the obligation he held, would not hesitate 

tQ deny the truth of the attraction of gravitation . . 

Yet these men not only denied it, but in 1869 procured the passage 

of im act of Congress, against the vote and protest (I am happy to say) 

of every Democrat in both Houses, declaring that the principal of the 

bonds should be paid in coin-in golda.nd silver coin, asbotharenamed. 

Legal-tenders were only worth 50 cents on the dollar in coin when the 

bonds were bought; they were worth from 66 to 70 cents when this act 

was passed. The act was simply legalized robbery. The bondholders 

and their a.ttorneys in and out of Congress knew it, and knew that no 

court would sustain such a law. The indorsement could neither be 

erasednorsworno.fftheback ofthe legal-tender note, andnobodycould 

plead ignorance either of the law or the fact that it was· to be received 

at par in payment of the principal of.all our bonds. 

Therefore they caused the act of Jnly 14, 1870, to be passed, extending the time of payment, reducing the i,nterest, and exempting the new · 

bonds in express terms from all taxation, State, Federal, or municipal; 

and to . prevent all mistake or misapprehension as to tbe· character, 

quality, and weight of the money in which payment of the·new bonds 

should be made, they caused to be printed on each bond as part of its 

obligation, ''that it shall be paid in coin of the standard value prescribed 

by law on the 14th of July, 1870. The present gold and silver coin 

are both of the standard value prescribed by the law of July 14, 1870, 

and were then as now both full legal-tenders for all our obligations. All 

the bonds that mature in 1892 a.tld 1907, amoun tingto ~bou.t$1, 000,000, .. 

000, stand to-day unchanged, and payable as required by the act of 1870. 

The remnant of those payable now have been changed, the interest bas 

been lowered, and the tim.e extended, but the same provisions govern 

them, and the same conditions are written out as part of the contract 

in all of them. Let me read. Inscription on face ·of bonds of the 5 per 

cent. funded loan of 1881: · 

This bond is issued in accordance with the provisions of an act of Congress entitled "An act to authorize the refunding of the national debt, approved July 

14, 1870, amended by an act approved January 20, 1871," and is redeemable at the pleasure of the United States after the first day of May, A. D.1881, in coin of 

the standard value of the United States on said July 14, 1870, with interest in such coin from the day of the date hereof, at the rate of 5 per cent·. per annum, payable quarterly on the 1st day of February, May, August, and November, in 

each year. '.rhe principal and interest are exempt from the payment of 1\11 taxes nnd duties ofthe United States, as well as from taxation in any form by or under 

State, municipal, or local authority. 

Extract from face of United States 4 per cent. bond: 

"This bond is il!sned in accordance with tQ.eprovisions of an act of Congress 

entitled "An act to authorize the refunding of the National Debt," approved 

July 14,1870, amended by an act approved January 20,1871, and is redeemable at the pleasure of the United States after the 1st day of July, A. D. 1907, in coin 

of the standard value of the United States on said July 14,1870, with interest in 

such coin from the day of the date hereof at the rate of 4per cent. per annum, payable quarterly on the 1st day· of October, .January, April, and .July in each year. The principal and interest are exempt from the payment of all taxes or duties of lhe United States, as well as from taxation in any form by or under 

State, municipal, or local authority. 

In t.he face of these facts it is simply absu:fd for anybody to ~ert 

that they are payable in gold alone, ot thattbetax-payers of the country are under any obligation, express or implied,· either to demonetize 

or stop the coinage of the silver dollar, which is ofthestandaJ;d valuere· 

quired by the act of July 14; 1870, or to increase its weight thirty, forty, 

or any other number of grains, because England, to whom we have 

ignominiously surrendered the carrying trade of this country and the 

world, wi tb her 200,000,000 of serfs in India and elsewhere, and Germany, 

after extorting $1,000,000,000 of gold from France, have combllied in 

the interest of their money-changers to depreciate silver, or put up the 

market price of gold 20 per cent. . · 

If the gold mines of California and Australi:'ll had continued to pro· 

duce abundant)y, and the Comstock lode and the Leadville mines had 

not produced silver, so that the market value of the two metals as bullion in London had l:;leen reverBf'd, the argument could be made 

quite as plausibly that the silver dollar was the constitutional unit of 

value in 1870, which the bondholders have a right to demand. 

There is·not an outstanding obligation of the United States, nox- of any 

State, municipality, corporation, or individual which can not be legally 

and honorably discharged by the payment of the presentst'Uldard silver 

dollar. What right bas Congress to deprive the debtor of that rif$bt by 

adding more silver to the coin than he agreed to pay, or by stoppmg its 

coinage so tbat.be can not obtain it? It is as palpable a violatipn of aeontract to increase the obligation of the debtor asitistoimpair or reduce the 

standard Yalue of the coin which the creditor stipulated in his contract 

should be paid to him. ·When Congress has once coined money and regulated the value thereof, and contracts are based upon it, the right to 

pay according to· its terms can not rjghtfnlly or justly be taken from the 
354 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEI\IBER 21, 

people, and Senators and Representatives wbo deprive them 'Of that 

right will have unpleasant explanations to make to the men whose burdens are increased• by their vote. It ·is simply an attempt to repeat 

the legislation of 1869, and the same pretenses >trC made now that were 

made then. An honest dollar for the laboring man was then, as now, 

-held up as the patriotic object of those who repudiated the greenback, 

as higher wages to labor is claimed to be the prime object of all the 

patriotic combinations of monopolists and machine-owners, 1 ho tax us 

all 46 per cent. under the present protective tariff and yet hire the 

cheapest pauper labor they can import. It is the wolf guarding the 

lamb, the spider the fly, and the hawk the sparrow. 

I propo e to test this question in the light of.the fads fnrnished us by 

our 'l'reasury officials. ·we are, of course, as good judges of the value of 

the facts they fnrnish and as competent to draw correct conclusions from 

them as they are. The last report from the Treasury Bureau of Statistics, relative to our foreign commerce for the fiscal year 1885, proves 

that there is no such condition either in our trade or exports of metals, 

whether of coin or bullion, as to render it necessary to strike down our 

silver coinage. It shows (page 1) that our total exports fo~ 1885 were 

$726,682,946, and for 1884, $724,.964,852, while our total imports for 

1885 were $577,527,329, and for 1884, $667,697,693. 

It will thus he seen that while the value of our exports in 1885 exceeded those of 1884 our imports were more than 90,000,000 less. 

The same report shows that for 1885 our exports of gold were·.$8, 4 77,892, 

· and for 1884, $41,081,957, or over $32,000,000 less for the last fiscal 

year than for the year before. Our exports of silver for 1885 were $33,-

750,633, and for 1884, · 26,051,426, or nearly $8,000,000 more last year 

than the year before, w bile our imports of gold last year exceeded those 

of the ye.:'lT before nearly $4,000,000. These facts falsify the clamor 

that gold is fleeing from onr country, and proves that all the (pretended) 

evilB of a single depreciated silver standard are myths. 

Nor is it true that our silver eoin has depreciated since July, 1870, 

when tested by any other standard tl}.an the market value of bullion in 

London.· 

The report above referred to (pages 5 and 6) gives the New York or 

export prices in currency of the commodities which constituted over 80 

per cent. of our exports, nearly all agricultural products in 1870 and 

18 5; from which it will be seen that the silver dollar, which it has 

become fa hionable to malign and denounce in aristocratic circles, will 

now purchase from 25 to 30 per cent. more of all that the toiling millions 

of this country labor to produce, and of all that men need money to 

obtain, than it would in J~1y, 1870. To avoid all dispute as to these 

facts I quote the la,ng_uage ofthe report, as follows: 

Tl1e 1ollowing table shows the annual average export price in currency of the articles of domestic product named and for the years indicated: . · 

.Articles. 

Indian corn ............... ..•• : ..•..• m . .......... ...... .... per bushei .•. Wheat ....................................................... ,-.....•...• do ..... . 'Vheat flour ...... ............................................ per barrel ... . Cotton ......................•.................................... per pound .. . Leather .......................•..............•........................... do ..... . Mineral oils, refined .......•.........•................... per gallon .. . 

~~~~:-~~~:·:.::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::·::.:.~~-~~d~~::: 

~·r:~d~::::::: :::: .:::::::::::::::·.:·. :::.::::·:::: ::::::::::::::~~ ::::: Butter .................................................................... do ..... . Cheese ............................................................. ...... do ..... . 

~~h·.:::~:::::::::::::::::::::·.:::::::::::::: ::::::::::·.:::::~~~ ~~~d.::: 

~~t~~~~~::::::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~~:::::: 

YearendingJune30-

18i0. 1885. 

so 92.5 

1 .28.9 6 11.2 

23.5 

28.5 

30.5 

15.7 

16.6 

13. 2 07.3 

29.3 

15.5 

39.6 

08.2 

12.6 

11.3 

$0 54.0 

86.2 

4 89. 7 10.6 

19. 8 08.7 09. 7 07.9 

06.3 

07.5 

16.8 

09.3 

21.5 

04.0 

06.4 

09. 9 

In the face of these official facts a~d figures as to our trade, and exports and imports of gold a~d silver, and the comparative purchasing 

power of the silver dollar now and in 1870, I repeat: Why should it 

be stricken down, or its purchasing power fnrther increased 20 per cent. 

by adding 40, 50, or any other number of gra.ins to its weight? In 

other words, why should every producer and debtor have to give 20 

per cent. more of the products of his labor to· obtain either a new silver 

dolfar or gold coin with which to pay his debts than he does now, 

when he is already paying his obligations according to the terms of 

his contract in a coin which will procure for its owner much more of 

all he needs than it would in 1870 ? It is only another phase of the constant struggle of the rich to grind the face of the poor, ~d of the favored few to enrich themselves by class legislation. 

While no one can deny that every obligation of t~e . United States 

and every contract within our own borders can be discharged honorar 

bly with the present silver dollar, .we are told that our foreign obligations and relations are such that gold will be at a premium very soon, 

and we will be on a basis of degraded silver at once if we do not increase the weight or stop the coinage of silver; that all Europe is horrified at ?ur stupidity or. dishonesty, or both. Even England, whose 

gold is said to be used so freely to buy Senators and Represenmtives to 

vote for revenue tariffs against protection to monopolies called American industry, is held up now by the gold monome1:.flllists as an example 

worthy of all, imitation; her financial policy is lauded as the perfection of human wisdom. Fortunately the official reports overthrow all 

the reckless assertions of the gold worshipers. The Register-of the 

Trea ury (see report for this year, page 4), bows that out of $1,071,-

460,262 registered bonds of the United States outstanding only $11,-

927,900, or a little over one-tenth of 1 per cent. is held abroad, and of 

tho e which can be paid Lefore 1892, foreigners hold only $34,150, 

which is less than the interest on the money now-lying idle in the 

Treasury for one day.at _3 per cent. per annum. 

l'hese facts coupled with the fact that our exports of goods exceeded 

on.rimports$130,000,000th.is year, and our imports of gold exceeded our 

gold exports $18,213,80!, an amount greatly exceeding all our bonds 

held abroad, settle the question. The falsity of the clamor 'about foreign complications or gold premiums is made too apparent for any sen- sible man to be deceived by it. 

~he press is filled with articles day by day which seek to make people believethatallother nations have ceased tocoinsilver, and that we 

alone are stubbornly persisting in forcing it upon this country afterit 

has been abandoned everywhere else. 

I propose to disprove these allegations by officially stated.facts. The 

Director of the Mint in his last report shows (pages 131, 132) that for 

the_ year 1884 the world's production of gold waa $95,292,569; of silver 

$115,147,878; and that $99,459,240 of gold was coined~ while the coinage of silver last year amounted to $90,039,443, of which the United 

States coined 23,991,756 of gold, and 28,534,866 of silver. Other nations, therefore, coined in 1884 61,50~577 of silver, showing that we 

are far from being alone in the coinage of that metal. England coined 

$3,204,824 of silver last year and $6,201,517 the year before, to add to 

her stock which has been accumulating for generations; while she bas 

coined silver for India in the last three years to the value of 68,234,000. 

The workers for wages in England to-day get their pay in silver coin, 

and the questio:a is never mooted by them as to the comparative bullion 

-value of the silver and gold coin of that counb:y. Even Germany, notwithstanding she pretended to have demonetized silver twelve years 

ago, coined in 1882 6,407,157 of it to add to her vast stock on himd; 

her laborers :lie paid in it now. No complaint is made anywhere, here 

or in Europe, about sil >er coin except by the holders of our bonds, who 

seek to increase largely the purchasing power of gold, or, which is the 

same thing, reduce the value of all our property from25 to50percent. 

below itS present value when tested by the single standard of gold, 

which they claim shall be paid by us to them and to them alone. They 

do not seek to establish the single gold standard, they say; they are. bimetallists. They agree that silver is a legal tender for all debts and obligations of the Government, except those held by them. It is good 

enough to pay the laborer, thesoldier,.thesailor, in snort, all who work 

for the Un:i,ted States, but they insist that it is dishonest in us to pay 

it to them, although their bonds and obligations all show on their face 

that it is a legal tender in payment of them all so long as it is coined 

of the standard value fixed by law, July 14, 1870, as it is now and 

a1 n-ays has been. 

Our dollar is more valuable than that coined by most of the other 

leading nations, France included, theirs bearing the relation of 15~ to 

1 with gold, while ours is 16 to l. I need not repeat in detail what 

the official reports show in regard to the gold, silver, and paper currency 

of the several countries. It is sufficient to prove by them that while 

the difference in the market value of gold and silver in London operates to degrade their silver coin more than it does ours, France and 

other countries .maintain t~eir silver and paper in all transactions, public and private, at par with gold under far greater difficulties than we 

have to contend with, no matter from what standpoint the comparison 

is made. 

The Comptroller of the Currency is his last report, page 26, says: 

.From information communicated to the State Department by the minister of the United· Stn.tes to France, it appears that notes of the Bank of France are legal-tender, and are redeemable at sight, either in gold or silver 5-frn.nc coins, at the option of the bank (silver coins of smaller denominations being legal-tender only to the extent of 50 francs). On October 1,1885, as shown by the returns of the Bank of France, the notes in circulation p.monnted to 2, 786,051,930 francs, the bank holding at that time cash amounting to 2.265,636,853 francs, of which 1,162,987,484 francs was gold and 1,102,64!1,419 francs silver. 

It will be observed that the Bank of France alone holds more silver 

coin than the total silver coinage of the United States. Up to July1, 

1885, we had only eoined ·203, 000,000 of silver dollars. The silver coin 

in the Bank of France, at five francs -to the dollar, amounts to $220,-

529,884, or over $17,500,000 more than our total coinage. How many 

millions more are in the hands of her people I am not advised-more, 

perhaps, than are held by the Bank of France, yet they are all a full 

legal tender and all as good ~gold. France is little more than twothirds as large as the f:?tate of Texas; her internal trade and commerce is a mere bagatelle compared with that of this almost boundless continent ; her population is not two-thirds as Jarge as ours and far less 

enterprising; her foreign commerce is much smaller than ours; gold can be transported from the Bank of France in Paris to the Bank of Eng-
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 355 

land in London in a few hours; they are not as far apart as New York certificates than were paid in gold and gold certificates; all of it is by 

and Washington. Why is it not done? Whyis she not brought to the law a special fund which can not legally b~ paid or covered into the so- called degraded silver standard? Five more years of coinage of silver Treasury till the interest on the public debt is paid out of it, and the 

at the present rate will not bring ours up to hers either in volume or bonds for the sinking fund are purchased or redeemed. · proportion to gold. Simply because her officials and· her public credi- These, together, required about $108,000,000; yet not a dollar of siltors sustain her silver and do not repudiate it nor seek to degrade it as ver has been so applied; it is paid into the Treasury and held there, ours have done for years past and still continue to do in violation of and a clamor is raised that it can not be again got· into circulation. If 

the plainest provisions of Jaw. · · the law was obeyed and the bondholders required to take the same pro-

.AB I have suited in the preamble to my resolution, our customs dues portion of silver dollars that the Government receives through its ens- are made payable in coin, and section 3694 Revised Statutes provi<,les tom-houses, the bondholders would have no difficulty iii. getting them 

t.hat- · all into circulation; and when it is made their interest to maintain and 

Th~ coin paid fd'r duties on imported goods shall be setapnrt as a. special fund, support the silver they own we would hear rio more about its being dis- and ·hall be applied as follows: First, to the payment in coin of the interest on honest money. The Secretary says (page·14 of his report) that the hal- the bonds nnd notes of the United States; second, to the purchase or pay- · t"h Tr h b · ment of 1 per cent. of the entire debt of the United states. to be made within ance lll ,ue easury as een mcreased from the 4th of March, 1885, 

en.ch fiscal year, which is to be set apart as a sinking fund, &t'.; "' * * third, to the 1st of November, 1885, $58,053,702.27, yet there has been no the residue to be paid into the Treasury. reduction of the interest-bearing debt (and that is the only debt that is 

No Secretary of the Treasury can mistake his duty under that law; a burden on tax-payers) since November, 1884, certainly not since :no public creditor can complain when the interest on his bond is paid March, 1885. The monthly reports show $194,000,000 of 3 per cent. 

in the coin which is set apart as a special fund, first for- the payment bonds then outstanding and precisely the same amount in November. 

of the interest due to him. Yet millions, hundreds of millions; have How is the surplus -silver coin to. get out of the Treasury if the 

been p:1id for duties on im'ported goods since 1878 in silver coin and Secretaryrefusestopayit"outforinterestandrefusestocallin the bonds 

silver certificates, which is only a convenient form of handling silver, which are now payable? as the coin they .represent is ours when the certificates are paid, to us; There is no more effectual or pernicious method of contracting the 

yet not one dollru:, so far as I am advised, has ever been paid in silver currency than by collecting by taxation a large sum in excess of the as interest on tlie public debt or in the purchase of a single bond for needs of an economically administered Government and loc1.--ing it up 

the inking fund, though it has been recognized as a coin which con- in the Treasury. Every dollar needlessly taken from the tax-payer 

stituted the special fund created by law by its acceptance in payment· wrongfully deprives hi.ri::t of that much capital which he needs and bof duties on imported goods. The public creditors have unjustly de- bored to obtain, and when _it is locked up the·circulating medium which 

manded gold for the interest on their bonds without any semblance of all the people want is wrongfully withheld fi:om them. The thiet;who 

right, and every Secretary oftbeTreasuryhas disregarded th~ law and steals and squanders an unneeded surplus locked up in the Treasury 

acceded to their demands. Our officials have thus aided and abetted vaults would inflict less injury on the country and its business if the 

the organization of the most powerful body of capitalists in the United money he stole was put in·circulation, than a Secretary who holds and 

States against silver coinage; men who control the currency of the hides in vaults currency which the people want, and refuses to use it 

country and hold the obligations of all its business concerns; men who to pay the debts, especially interestrbearing debts, which the men who 

can inflate or contract the circulating medium on which all our com- own this money owe. It is easy to raise a clamor about a surplus, but 

mercial transactions depend; men who hqld $737,742,850 of bonds of it will be more difficult to explain to the people why such vast amounts 

the United States maturing in 1907, on which they now demand a pre- of the money they have been so heavily taxed to furnish is lying idle 

mium of24 per cent., and seek by striking down silver still further to .in the overloaded Treasury vn.ults, and they deprived of its use, while 

increase their premiums. interest is running against them on bonds which can be and ought to 

'l'heyholdalso$250,000,000of our bonds -payable in 1892, which they be paid. ·The idle money when paid out for interest on bonds would 

seek to enh:mce the value of even beyond the 12 per cent. prennum ·at once be released and restored to circulation. 

they now command. These men control boards of trade, chambers of Speaking of circulation, we are constantly told that there is n.ow a con:~merce, and the best talent of the press; they can crush all who are great abundance of it outstanding; indeed, we are officially advised 

indebtiftheydaretodissentfromorobjecttothedemandstheyma.ke; that the legal-tender notes and the silver certificates should all be 

the reports of their conventions and speeches are laid before u:s with a withdrawn-I presume because of the superabundance of currency. 

parade and semblance of authority equal to the report of the Secretary Let us look for a few minutes at the effect of these recommendations if 

of the Treasury or the message of the President. . carried out, and see how far these certificates are now used as curren~y. I shall not be surprised if they dominate this Congress, but it will It was the avowed purpose of the advocates of both gold and silver 

be after I have entered my protest against it and have giv~n to the certificates, and I was one of them, to furnish a safe, convenient paper 

country my reasons for so protesting. currency, every dollar ef which could be nsed just as the coin paid for 

If the managers of the :finances of France bad treated her silver coin- it could be, mtd which would be secure(} by the deposit of an equal 

ageasourofficialsbaveoursshewouldhavebeenprostrated,:financially, amount of coin in the Treasury. No better security could be asked 

at the feet of England and Germany long ago. . or given. It w3.s not thought desirable to have the coin of either 

Why have the holders of the dishonored trade-dollar been impor- metal exposed to the risk of loss or reduction of value by the abmtuning Congress for years to give them in exchange for it a standard sion which necessarily accompanies its active use. The transportadoll:l.l' containing 412~ grains, while it contains 420? Simply because tion of both was known to be dangerous and expensive; all the exone is a legal tender and will pay the debts of its owner, and the other pense and risk, as well a8 the deterioration of the coin, was avoided 

will not. Yet tested by the bullion value the trade-dollar is worth the by the nse of the paper substitutes, while the United States were sure most . . When our Treasury officials yielded to the clamor of the bond- to be amply compensated for all the expenses incurred for vaults, ensholders and violated the law by admitting their right to refuse silver tod.ians, and everything else. rec~iv~d at the custom-house in payment of the-interestorprincipalof We-I mean by we all the people-received a coin dollar for every 

the1r bonds, they degraded our standard silver dollar by depriving it of paper dollar issued. We only pay out the coin on the paper brought 

its mqst important function as a legal tender; and now, having captured back to our agents. All of it that is lost or deStroyed by fire, flood, or the executive branch of the Government, the bondholders and their at- the thousand accidents that all transitory things are subject to is our torneys are besieging Congress to enforce their demand for gold alone gain. We had experience in operations of that sort, and kne~ that 

in the settlement oftheircl~, all law, justice, and equity to the con- they were profitable. Forty-five millions of dollars of fractional cur- trary notwithstanding, by striking down the silver of the standard rency was issued. We afterward called it in for cancellation, a.nd we 

value of July, 1870, which they then demanded and inserted in the nowknowthat$lf},OOO,OOO,orone-thirdofit, hasbeenlostordestroyed . 

.face of every bond they hold as one of the coins in which the bonds We made $15,000,000 out of that issue, as we received full considerashould be paid. It ~ hard to do justice to their audacity in temperate tion for the whole amount issued. We only redeem such national-bank 

language; I hardly think I am equal to the task, and will not attempt notes as are .returned; and the amount now known to be lost is so grea.t 

it. I can, however, ge~ the facts before the people. that the COmptroller is devising all sorts of ingenious planS in his report 

The last report of th~ Treasurer, page 35, shqws that the receipts at to get it away from us for the benefit of the banks. None of them lost 

the New York custom-house for the fiscal year 1885, were paid as any of it. The people who borrowed it or worked for it, after the banks 

follows: got value received for it, were the sufferers; yet the Comptroller wants 

United States legal-tender notes _____ $36,161,000, or 28.9 per cent. it all for the banks. I expect they will get it. They have as much 

United States gold coin_____________ 1, 544,000, or L 2 per cent. right to it as to have their interest and principal paid in gold alone o'r 

United States gold certificates_______ 42,779,000, or 34.1 per cent. to have our silver stricken down. I have no idea that $300,000,000of 

United States silver certificates______ 44, 660, 000, or 35. 6 per cent. the $346,000,000 of greenbacks charged in the reports as outstanding 

United States silver coin____________ 158, 000, or 0.1 per cent. aould be returnedifthQywere called in to-day. Alllo~t is clear pront _____ to the Government. It is a sufficient answer to all the clamor about 

TotaL ______________________ 125,302,000, or 100 per cent. ~pense and vaults that the coin is preserved from loss and from abraSIOn, and that our gain from the loss of the outstanding paper, if it is 

It is fair to assume that the p·ayments at the other custom-houses kept in denolllinations in which it will circulate, as it ought to be, will were made in substantially the same character of money. It will be ~plycompensatetheUnited States for all theexpensesofitssafe-keep· observed that more of the cmtoms dues were paid in silver and silver mg. 
356 CONGRESSIONAL _RECORD- . SENATE. DECEMBER 21, 

The object we ·an had in view by keeping in actual nse paper substitntes for gold co.in to the extent of the coin deposited has been grossly 

perverted. The coin is locked up, and four-fifths of the certificates issued are of such high denominations that they are of no sort of use as currency. 

The Treasurer's report, page 23, shows that on the 30th of June, 

1885, the outstanding gold certificates amounted to $137,760,860, of 

which all but·$33,36Q,OOO were in denominations of$500 and upward, more than $55,ooo;ooo of them being for $10,000 each. It is obvious 

that the people get no benefit in the form of currency when bills or certificates exceed $100. 

The Director of the :Mint, on page 29 of his report, speaking of these 

paper substitutes, says: "As these certific..'l.tes represent coin in the 

Treasury, which coin can only be used in their redemption, they really 

form a part of the active coin circulation of the country." The Director, 

perhaps, did not know that $55,000,000 of them were for $10,000 ea-ch, as it would be absurd to speak of such notes or certificates as forming 

part of our active circulation. · . The Treasurer's report (page 24) shows that on June 30, 1885, silver 

certificates amounting to $139)901,646 were outstanding, and that 

$103,758,091 were in ten and tweutydolllar bills, in about equ'al proportions. None were higher than 1, 000; so t4at the only real currency furnished to the people in the shape of certificates is that based on the deposit of silver coin. Yet the dollars so deposit-ed are held up as useless 

incumbrances, performing no function of value, and all our officials 

join in the crusade against them and the certificates that represent 

them, and urge Congress to withdraw the one and stop the coinage of 

the other. I do not propose to do either unless better reasons are given 

why it should be done than any I have yet seen or heard. I would, 

however, amend the law so that no certificate should be of a higher 

denomination than $500, and not more than 25 per cent. of the amount 

outstanding at any time should be of denominations higher than $50. 

The legal-tender notes, too, are attacked. It seems as though every 

form of currency which costs nothing and enriches nobody is condemned. 

It is assumed that the Government has no right to use its own credit or to furnish any part of the currency the people need. Legal-tender 

notes are denounced as a forced loan, as rag-babies, shinplasters, indeed every opprobrious epithet has been hurled against them by those 

who insist that they must be vesled with the sole right to issue cur- rency to loan at a profit to themselves, and to dictate through their or- ganization how much or how little it is most profitable to them to keep 

in circulation. But the people and their representatives have so far · 

sustah~ed the greenbacks, and while they have always been repudiated 

to the extent that they could not be legally paid at the custom-houses 

for duties on imports, and that is the law now; over$47,000,000 of them . were received for duties last year ·in New York alone by ex-ecutive or- ders in plain violation of law. The ~ajorityoftheSenate refuse4last 

yeartomakethem receiveable for duties, and yet we permit $47,000,000 

of them to be so received. I have a bill now before the Finance Committee making it legal to receive them for customs dues, as I. believe 

they ought to be; yet I insist that no executive officer onght to be allowed to do ~ything in violation of law, or to be placed in a position 

in which he feels authorized or compelled to disregard it. 

Congress by the act of May 31, 1878 (see Statutes at Large, volume 

20, page 87), made an effort to retain what was then left of the legaltender notes, and to preserve them in such shape that they would be 

currency in the hands of the people. We provided, in substance, that 

whenever legal-tender notes are received at the Treasury from any source they ~Shall not be retired, but shall be reissued and paid out .again and kept in circulation, and that new notes of the same denomination of those returned because too much mutilated for use shall be 

issued in their stead. It is obvious that Congress did not intend to 

allow any increase of the denomination of the legal-tender notes above 

what 'existed when that act was passed; yet the table on page 20 of the 

Treasurer's report shows t~t bills of the denomination of $500 have 

increased in the last year nearly $10,000,000, while those of smaller 

denominations have been proportionally decreased. 

There can be but one purpose in this attack all along the line on everything except gold and national-bank notes, and that is to transfer to the holders of our bonds absolute power over the currency, which means over the business of the country. 

The report of the Comptroller of the Currency develops that purpose, 

perhaps, more plainly than the others. After insisting that Congress 

should repeal the tax on circulation, give up the profit made on the 

lost bank notes, or put it into a safety fund with other things for the 

benefit of the banks, he adds, on page 18: 

Such legislation would have the effect of maintaining bank-note circulation, 

and prevent its being suP.erseded by Government issues, which an authority .as high as Alexander Hamilton has said "are of a nature so liable to abuse, and it 

may even be affirmed so certain of being abused, that the wisdom of the Govern- ment will be shown in never b.-usting itself with the IJSe of so seducing a,nd dangerous an experiment.'' 

I assume that it is too clear to ·admit of debate, no matter what :Mr. 

Hamilton or anybody else said, that a circulating note, in any form, 

properly secured, is as good when issued by the Government as a like 

note would be when issued by a corporation created by the Government 

!llld secured by a Government bond; and hardly anybody but the Comptroller or·a bank attorney would venture to assert that the.Secretary of 

the Treasury is not as likely to be honest and careful of the public interest in maintaining and keeping the necessary amount of circulation 

afloat for legitim ate business pmJ>oses as bank presidents would be, who are under no obligation to consult the public welfare, but, as the private interests of their stockholders demand·, may contract or expand 

their issues as the one course or the other best subserves their private 

ends regardless altogether of the public weal; indeed, they are apt to 

be enriched when they can most surely oppress the ma.Sses. 

Yet, in the face of his claim that all other circulation is unsafe, the 

Comptroller shows that the decrease in national-bank circulation in 

the last three years amounts to over $48,000,000, and says that it would 

have decreased $25,000,000 more if the Secretary of the Treaswy had 

not come to their rescue by refusing·to use the money at his command 

in the purchase of the 3 per cent. bonds on which their circulation 

is based; in other words, the people have lost over $2,000,000 of interest 

and the bankers have made $6,000,000 on loans by the operation. The 

Comptroller shows very clearly why the bondholders are so anxious to 

get clear of the silver dollar; they fear that the premium on their bonds 

will fall if they are paid in whole or in part tD silver. But he stated 

the whole case so clearly that I will read~ . on page 15 of his report: 

It will be seerr that the banks held on November I, 1884, $155,604,400, and on November 1, 1885, $138,920,650, of 3 percents under the net of ,July 12, 1882, pay- able at the pleas~re of the Government. The Secretary of the Treasury,.during the ·year ending November 1, 1883, paid S105,63ll50, and during the year ending November 1, 1884, $100,970,450 of the public debt. In Ul.e latter year 3 

percents only were called. No l?onds were called for the year ending November 1, 1885. Reasoning upon the theory that the public debt would, during the 

year ending November 1,1885, continue to be reduced by the payment of 3 per cent-. bonds, and that this reduction would occasion the reinvestment of trust and other funds invested in threes, and cause a greater demand for. and conse- quent increase in the price of 4 per cent. bonds to a point at which it would be more profitable for the national banks tO sell them, the Comptroller estimated 

in his last annual report to Congress, that unless legislation should be secured 

enabling the banks to issue currency nt a fair profit, circulation would be re- duced.at the rate of at least$-10,000,000 per annum. It is belie\"ed that this esti- mate would have been substantially correct had the Government continued during 1885 to call and pay the 3 per cent. bonds as rapidly o.s during the two previ- ous years. 

The reduction of circulation of national banks dming the year ending November 1,1885, for reasons other than theca.ll of bonds by which it was secured, was greater than anticipated. The causes which have led to this result are small profit remaining to national banks on circulation after paying the tax of 

1 per cent. per annum imposed by the Government; reduction in the rates of 

intel'est throughout the country, occasioned by the abundance of money in the 

.financial centers; and, doubtless, uneasiness runong certain of the bankers of 

the country as to the· outcome of the increase of silver in the Treasury, such increase indicating that possibly the interest on the public debt, and even some portion of the principal, might be paid in standard sil·ver doUars, and that Government 

bonds might thereby become depreciated in foreign markets, whioh would un- doubtedly affect their-price in this counlry. The credit and standing of this 

country is deservedly high, and it is not believed that the people desire either 

the principal or interest on the bonded debt of this country to be pa.id in any- thing but gold coin or its equivalent. . 

I think the Comptroller makes it clear that the country can not afford to rely.for its circulation on national-bank notes. He asserts that 

the bankers will surrender their circulation· and sell th~ bonds upon 

which it is based, regardless altogether of the public needs, whenever 

they can make more money by selling the bonds than they can by loaning the circulation. We all know that to be true. 

Can Congress afford to vest absolute power over the contraction and 

expansion of the circulating medium which regulates all our transactions exclusively in the hands of men who gamble with it for private 

gain without any sort of public responsibility? 

I think not; yet, if we retire the greenbacks and the silver certifi- cates, as our officials advise us to do, we will have no currency but national-bank notes left, which th.ey can expand or contract at pleasure. 

Nobody pretends that in the reduction of these notes from $324,-000,000 

in November, 1882, to $276,000,000 inN ovember, 1885, the public interests or needs were for a moment considered. . · I desire to state with great distinctness that I am not makiogwar on 

bondholders or national banks or barurers. I voted to renew their charters, to repeal all taxes on their capital and deposits, and will cheerfully vote for any and all measures necessary to add t-o their usefulness, 

either by increasing their' circulation to par with the bonds deposited, 

or, if it can be done with justice to theircompetitorsin business, reduce_ or repeal the tax on their circulation. But I would require them to take 

the same coins, both gold and silver, that all other creditors of the Government receive. I shall always oppose the grant or recognition of any 

superior rights or privileges in them or in the obligations they hold over those of other citizens. I would ill: vorce them from politics, and deprive 

them of power to control or influence legislation by cOntracting or ex,. 

panding or by threatening to interfere with our citrrency, as was done 

when they obtained President Hayes's 'fetoon a memorable occasion. I 

would require them to obey the law and receive the coin which we take 

at the custom-house and set apart as a special thnd for their security 

and payment. When we say by law, as we have done, that "nonational banking association shall be a member of any clearing-bouse in 

which such (silver) certi:Q.cates shall not be receivable in the settlement 

of clearing-house balances," I would forfeit the charter of any bank 

that dared to disobey the law, as I would fine and imprison any officer 

of any of them who would certify checks when the funds were not actu·. ally in the bank at the time. 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 357 

I u short, no set of men should be allowed to exercise privileges prohibited by law, nor have rights given to them in regard to the character 

and quality of the coin in which their debts shall be paid which are denied to all other equally meritorious creditors; and no set of men sl10uld ever hn.ve power t<> regulate or control, as tlteir privn.te interests 

may be affected, the currency or the business of the people. If that 

power is yielded or conceded to them, with legal-tender notes and silver 

certificates withdrawn and gold paid to them, 'and to them alone, for 

their interest nnd bonds, Congress would be powerless to resist any 

demands our bondholders and bankers might make. I know their 

power and appreciate the adroitness with which they can have their 

claims presented. Even the President in his mes...c:;age has been induced 

to say that up to the present time only about 50,000,000 of the silver 

dollars we have coined have found their way into circulation. He modified that statement by showing that a large amount of silver certifimtes were outstanding. 

But the press of the country has taken up_ the first statement, leav- ·ing out all the qualifications, and p3J1lde jt before the country as con- clusive evidence that too much silver has alrea~y been coined, and that 

all of it is an incumbrance except about $50,000,000. They utterly 

ignore the fact which the official reports show that at the close of the 

last fiscal year, June 30, 1885, out of a total ·coinage of $203,000,000, 

$140,000,000 in _round numbers was in active circulation in the form of 

silver certificates, in addition to the coin in the hands of the people, of 

which certificates $44,660,000 was paid to the Government for customs 

dues during the last fiscal year at the port of New York alone-more than was paid in gold and gold certificates combined. Why is not the coin 

represented by these certificates as much in active circulation as if it was passed from hand to hand as often as the certificates are? I ask, 

is it fair to complain o1the silver held in the Treasury as being expensive and useless, under such circumstances, and yet.not utter one word 

of complaint in regard to o>er $137,000,000 of gold coin locked up, at 

the same time and in the same way, represented by the same sort of 

certificates, most of them in a far less useful form? If our officials would 

unlock the Treasury vaults and pay our interest-bearing debt with the 

money they are complain-tug of being overwhelmed with they would 

be doing their duty more satisfactorily than by the course they are now pursuing. 

The_President says: 

A special effort bas been made by the Secretary of the Treasury to increase 

the amount of our silver coin in circulation. · 

Let him make one more effort and pay out the $60,000,000 or $75,-

000,000 he received for customs dues, and which he has no use for, in 

payment of interest and in the :redemption of the bonds- now redeemable, and the ordinary expenses of the Government will keep the vaults reasonably clear of all, not represented by certificates or bills, which 

the people have a right by law to demand on making a deposit of coin. 

No public creditor other than the bondholder has ever complained w ben payment is made to him in silver or silver certificate."~. All other 

creditors are entitled to the same consideration as the holders of our bonds. We as a tax-paying people are not interested in keeping our bonos 24 per cent. above par when we must soon bey them with our 3urplns revenues. 

I may observe here that silver certificates are now and ba e always 

been a popular currency. 

· The Treasurer in his last report, page 24, says: 

The issue of silver certificates by Treasury officers in the South and West 

for gold coin deposited with the assistant treasuxer at New York, under Departmental circular of September 18, 1880, was discontinued in January last. 

The amOtmt which had been issued in that manner to the date named was 730,500. 

The Treasury order referred to reads thus: 

" TREAsURY DEPARTMENT, SECRETARY'S OFFICE, 

" Washington, D. a., September 18,1880. 

"Until further notice the United States assistant treasurer in New York will 

pay· out at his counter standard silver dollars or silver certificates in sums of $10, or any multiples thereof, in exchange for like amounts of gold coin or gold bullion deposited with him. · "Upon the receipt by the Treasuxer of the United States in this city of an origi- nal certificate of deposit issued by the United States assistant treasuxer at New 

Yotl!:, stating that there has been deposited with him gold coin or gold bullion 

in tne sum of S!O, or any multiple thereof, payment of a. ·like amount in standard silver dollars or silver certificates at the counter of any United States assist- ant treasurer designated by the depositor will be ordered. 

"JOHN SHERMA.N, Secretary." 

The Treasurer of the United States ·in his report to Congress dated 

November 1, 1880, says: 

The demand for silver certificates under the circular of the Department dated 

September 18, 1800, authorizing their exchange for gol<f coin and bullion, has 

been quite extensive at New Orleans, Saint Louis, Chicago, and Cincinnati, and 

there were paid out at these points during the month of Oct-Ober $3,485,000 in sil- ver certificates for an equal amount of gold coin deposited in the subtreasury in 

NewYork • . 

.And in December, "1881, tbe Secretary of the Treasury in his report 

says: · 

The Department has issued silver certificates at the several subtreasury offices 

upon a deposit of gold coin in like amount with the assistant treasuxer at New 

York, and through this means certificates have been ic:;sued for nearly all the 

silver held by the Treasury. These certificates amount to about $66,000,000 and are now out.sia.nding. 

That condition of things doubtless rendered the following order neeessary, as all or nearly aU the silver ooin in the Treasury was represented by outstanding silver certificates: 

TREAstmY DEPARTMENT, SECRETARY'S OFFICE, 

Washington, D. 0., Novembe-r 1, 1881. 

Until fuxther notice the exchange of silver certificates for gold coin deposited at the office of the United States assistant treasuxer at New York will be sus- pended, and Department circular No. 75, of September 18, 1880, is hereby modified accordingly. • H. F. FRENCH, 

Act·ing secretary. 

Subsequently this restriction was removed for a time and over 80,-

000,000 of silver certificates were taken principally by the people of the 

South and West in exchange for gold coin. The privilege was finally 

withdrawn in january, 1885. I ask in view of these facts how it can properly be charged that the people will not use the silver coinage, 

that they are hoarding gold, that the depreciated paper will soon greatly 

impair the purchasing power of the poor man's wages, and that we are on the verge of a financial crisis unless we bring all our transactions at once to a gold basis? 

It must not be forgotten that all the gold coin deposited for silver 

certificates became at once the property of the United States; it was 

not held in the Treasury for their redemption. .An equal amount of 

silver coin took its place for that purpose at once. Men who owned 

gold all overtheSouthaud West, in Louisville, Indianapolis, Nashville, 

ru1d other places, as well as those cities named in the report, sent their 

coin at their own expense to the assistant treasurer in New York in 

order to have silver certificates delivered to them for use as currency 

at home. Yet during all that time the bullion value of gold in London was at least 15 per cent. more than silver, and the country was being 

periodically alarmed, and Congress advised by our officials that gold was leaving the country, that silver was a degraded standard of value, 

and that its coinage must be stopped or its weight increased or ruin 

would speedily be upon us because of its depreciation in the London 

market. · The facts I have stated-overthrow all the speculations of the theorists. 

Our business men gladly exchanged their gold coin for silver certificates and did not ~k any better security for the paper they took than 

the silver dollar deposited in the Treasury. So far from hoarding gold 

because of its greater bullion value in aforeign.market, theysent it to a distant depository to get the paper we are advised is dishonest money 

because it is depreciated 15 or 20 per cent. below gold in London. I 

have thus imperfectly outlined the reasons why I cannot sustain at this 

time a policy which seeks to withdraw either our legal-tender notes, 

the silver certificates, or stop the silver coinage, and I see no propriety 

in increasing the weight of our silver coin beyond the standard value 

fixed by law in July, 1870, under and by which all our outstanding 

bonded indebtedness is regulated. I am convinced that we can no longer look with safety to tbe national banks to furnish the country 

with a stable currency. · I insist that every creditor of the Government is by law entitled to 

be paid in the same coin, and that our Treasury officials should be re- quired to pay silver as well as gold when received for customs dues to our bondholders, as they do to all others who have legal demands upon 

the Treasury; that done there will be no need, at least for years to 

come, to strike down silver in any form. The country is now rallying 

from a long period of depression. All railroad securities recently fell 

50 per cent. on the average in eighteen months. Wheat, cotton, cattle, hogs, all farm products, are even now so depressed that they leave no profit to the producer, even after he pays the lowest wages for which 

he can obtain labor in their production. Foreign nations are closing 

their ports against our leading exports and throwing all obstacles possible in the way of our commerce. 

Oar carrying trade is gone and is in the hands of our foreign com- petitors. We need to use all our resources ofboth gold and silver, and 

their paper representatives, to enable us to regain our lost prestige 

and to develop our resources in the most economical way. Contraetion, or destruct-ion ofanypart of our means is, in my judgment, fatal 

to our laboring and especially to our debtor classes. So believing, I 

am opposed to it. 

Mr. President, I will only add that I have no interest in the silver 

question other than my conviction in regard to the best interest of the 

country. I never owned a dollar's worth of stock, directly or indirectly, in any silver Qr other mine. The people I repr~ent here are not specially interested in it. We are in the central portion of this 

great continent, and our prosperity depends on tbe prosperity of every 

section. If hereafter I ascertain that I am wrong, and that the public 

good requires me to change my views, I hope I will have the courage 

to do so, nnd state the reasons therefor as frankly as I have given the reasons for my present convictions. 

Ur. MORRILL. Jtfr. President, this se.ems to be a very elaborate as- sault upon the Secretary of the Treasury and the President of the United 

States. If the resolution should pass, I take it it would be an expression of want of confidence in this Administration. I regret that the Senator from Kentucky should represent the Secretary of the Treasury as being little better than a common thief, and allege that the President 

of the United States and the Secretary together have been bought up 

by the bondholders. But as it is probable that no Senator upon the 
358 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. DECEl\IBER 21' 

left is prepared at the present time to enter into a defense of the Administration, I will move that the Senate proceed to the consideration 

of executive business . . Mr. WILSON, of Iowa. I ask the Senator to yield to me. J\Ir. MORRILL. I yield to the Senator from Iowa . 

. Mr. WILSON, of Iowa. l\Ir. President, on Friday last I gave notice 

that I would to-day-- . The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Pending the question on the adoption of the resolution offered by the Senator from Kentucky the Senator from Iowa asks--

UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY. 

Mr. WILSON, of Iowa. On Friday last I gave notice that I should 

ask the Senate to-day to take from the ta.ble a resolution submitted by 

me on the 9th of December, and stat~d that it was my purpose to submit some remarks to the Senate touching the subject-matter of Plat 

resolution; but inasmuch as the day has progressed so far into the later 

hours I will not ask that action be taken now, but give notice that on the reassembling of the Senate on the 5th of January I shall ask that 

that resolution be taken up for the purpose indicated. 

ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by J\fr. CLARK, its 

Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the House had signed the en- roll d joint resolution (H. Res. 2) to pay the officers and employes of 

the enate and House of Representatives their respective salaries for the 

montp. of December, 1885, on the 21st day of sn.id month; and it was 

thereupon signed by the President pro tempore. 

FLORIDA PUBLIC LANDS. 

1\Ir. CALL. I ask unanimous consent to submit at this time a resolution. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair hears no objection, and 

tbe resolution will be read. 

The Chief Clerk read the resolution, as follows: 

Resolved, That n. special committee of five Senators be, and are hereby, ap- pointed, who shall be, and are hereby, charged with an ip.vestigation of all al- leged unlawful, unauthorized, or fraudulent p.ppropriations of the public lands of the United States in the State of Florida, to the detriment of actual settlers, or homesteaders, or purcha...'"ers for cash, or of the United States, under the sev- era lacts of Congress making grants of the public domain to the State of Florida and otherwise. And that the Commissioner of Public Lands furnish sa1d com- mittee with a competent clerk from the office of Public Lands. And that they have authority to send tor persons and papers, and to employ a stenographer. And that said committee report to the Senate the evidence taken by them and their recommendations on the subject. · 

Ur. CALL. J\fr. President, in offering the resolution it is not my 

intention to make or suggest either directly or indirectly any charge 

against any official either of the Federal or the State Government. 

There have come to me in the past twelve months numerous letters in 

which it has been alleged that there have been improper dispositions 

of the public lands of the United States in Florida to a large extent; 

and for the purpose of doing justice to the people who have made the 

charges ·as well as to allow an opportunity for refutation on the part of 

those who may be connected with them, I have thought it right to ask 

that the mn.tter may be investigated by the Senate. 

There has been a. very large amount of the public lands of the United 

States appropriated under the several acts of Congress within the last 

few years, and there have been very great complaints on the part of 

homesteaders and other settlers of interference with their rights under 

the law by the locations that have been made. I think the subject is 

of sufficient importance to have the matter investigated by the Senate, 

and upon conference with members of the Committee on Public Lands 

they have some of them suggested to me that it would be better if it· were done by a special committee of the Senate than by that committee, 

who are already charged with various important bills. 

If there be no objection to the adoption of the resolution I will ask 

for its present consideration. 

:Mr. J'40RRILL. It should be referred. 

J\Ir. HOAR. Is there legal authority in the Senate to direct the Interior Department or a bureau in it to furnish a clerk for the use of the 

Senate? 

lli. CALL. I do not know in regard to that. It might be made a simple request if the Senator thinks there is any difficulty in that re- spect. · 

Mr. HOAR. I do not propose to interfere with the Senator's reso- lution, but I should think he had better give the committee the ordinary authority to appoint a clerk, and then if the chairman of the com- mittee wants a clerk of special skill he can make the arrangement with 

the proper Depn.rtment. Certainly we have no such authority as to 

direct the Department to furnish a clerk. 

Mr. CALL. I shall have no objection to amending the resolution 

by inserting the word ... request," but it was suggested to me by the 

Assistant Secretary of the Interior that there are some very well qualified clerks there who are familiar with the subject. 

Mr. HOAR. I should object to having either of them as I am at 

present advised. I think the ordinary authority of a committee to 

appoint a clerk should be put in, and then the chairman can make any 

arrangement with a particular Department to furnish him a clerk that 

is lawful and proper. 

Mr. CALL. I ilcceptthe suggestion, and ask the Secretary to amend 

the resolution by striking out that portion of it. 

1\fr. ALLISON. I hope the SenatorfromFloridawill consent to hnve 

the resolution referred to the Committee on Public Lands. I have read 

with some interest the report of the Commissioner of the General Land 

Office, and if I recollect correctly he does not confine his statements re- specting the public lands to the State of Florida., but rather extends his 

comments to various portions of our country and intimates that there has been in divers places and innumerous States a misappropriation of 

the public domain through land grants and other violations of the 

homestead, pre-emption, and various other laws. 

While I do not object to any investigation with reference to Florida, 

it seems to me that the resolution should go to the Committee on Public Lands and be reported back from that committee, so that if neces- sary the scope of the investigation may go beyond the State of Florida. 

I knowthat a great manyyearsagotherewerenU:merous land grants 

made to the State of Florida. for railroad purposes. I am not aware that there have been any recent grants made to that State, but I suggest to the Senator that the resolution should go to the Committee on Public Lands, from which committee it can be reported .back in an acceptable form. 

Mr. CALL. I will ask the Senator if it would not meet his views to 

have the other States included in theresolutionforaspecialcommittee. 

The only object I have in asking for a special committee is that it may 

have time to de>ote itself to the subject. I understand that the Committee ori Public Lands have their time very much occupied with 

many important matters already before it. 

:Mr. ALLISON. It seems to me that the resolution itself should go to 

the Committee on Public Lands, and then with the knowledge they have 

upon the subject and with the information they have derived from va- rious sources they may wish to enlarge the scope of the inquiry or they 

may not think it necessary; I do not know. 

Mr. CALL. I suggest to the honorable Senator that while I shall 

not be very importunate for a special committee, the Committee on Public Lands are engaged almost all their time; and will be at this session, in hearing various representatives of different railroad corporations 

on the subject of the forfeiture of milroad lil.p.d grants, and that they 

will have very little time to devote themselves to this subject. I have no objection to an amendment of the resolution so as to include all 

other States. 

J\fr. ALLISON. The Senator misunderstands me. I do not wish to 

have this subject examined by the Committee on Public Lands, but 

only that the Committee on Public Ln.nds shall report whethe.r it is 

necessary to raise a special committee for the purpose; in other words, 

that the resolution shall go to the Committee on Public Lands and be 

reported back with such recommendation as that committee may see fit 

to make. That is my idea in regard to a special committee~ or if the 

Committee on Public Lands can undertake the investigation, it seems to me wiser and better that they should make it. They must have a 

large amount of information upon the general topic, and indeed the investigations of the committee are in the very direction indicated by the 

Senator from Florida. in many respects; that is, as to public lands included in railroad land grants. I only ask a reference of the resolution 

to the Committee on Public Lands. It seems to me that it ought to 

be referred to the committee. 

Mr. CALL. It was my purpose in offering the resolution to send up 

and have read a number of letters from gentlemen of character and 

consideration asking that some action might be taken. The.subject is 

of necessity one which will require special proof and investigation into 

each individual case. I do not know that there is anything before the 

Committee on Public Lands or accessible to them beyond these letters 

making statements in individual cases which have come to me, some of which I ask the consent of the Senate to publish in the RECORD as. part of my remarks. I shall not detain the Senate by reading them. 

I do not undertake to say that there is any truth in these statements, 

but only state that there have been complaints from men of great 

respectability and character, stating the facts in individual cases. If 

there is any truth in the statements, then the-re is a subject upon whlch 

Congress should take some action, but the proof of the fact whether 

there is or not remains to be discovered by this proposed committee. 

There is nothing now before the Committee on Public Lands, and 

there can be nothing .accessible to them until they send for witnesses 

and examine them as to specific statements in each particular case. For that reason I should prefer a special committee, though I should 

have no objection to their being charged with the inquiry into every 

other State where other statements of like character may be made if 

the Senator will not object to it. If he does, I shn.ll of coUISe accept 

whatever order the Senate may make in the premises. 

Mr. PLUMB. Is the resolution before the Senate? 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is not before the Senate except by 

unanimous consent. The Senator from Florida. asks the unanimous 

consent of the Senate to proceed to the consideration of the tesolution. 

Is there objection? 

:Mr. 1\fORRILL. I think it ought to go to the Committee on Public 

Lands before it is considered here. 

1\Ir. PLUMB. Before thn.t is done--

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution is not before the SeD' 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 359 

ate except by unanimous consent. Isthereobjection toitspresentconsideration? . Mr. :MORRILL. I have no objection to itsbeingreferredtotheCommittee on Public Lands, but I think that committee ought to decide 

whether the investigation should be made by a special committee and 

whether it should apply to Florida or include the whole country. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair understands the Senator 

from Vermont as objecting to the further consideration of the resolution. 

Mr. MORRILL. I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration 

of executive business. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Florida asks the 

unanimous consent of the Senate to print in the RECORD certain letters 

to which he has referred. Is there objection? The Chair hears none, 

and that leave will be granted. 

The letters are as follows: 

ORLANDo, ORANGE CoUNTY, FLORIDA, November l6, 1885. 

Sm: Some time last .Tune I wrote your Department relative to applications 

pending to have certain United States lands selected under Congressional act of 1850 (swamp and overflowed) as State lands in townships as follows: 22 south, of ranges 30 and 31 east, comprising nearly 13,000 acres of la.nd; also township 21 south, of ranges 30~ 31, 32, a.nd 33 east. I then inquired what measures were pending to ascertain now much of these lands could be properly classified as swamp and overflowed. informing your Department that some of them, from per- sonal knowledge (perhaps one-quarter to one-third at least), were high, dry 

lands, and nearly one-half in township 22 south, of ranges 30and 31 east, saying that I did not wish to contest the right to have them selected as State lands. I assumed then, as I assume now, that your Department will have competent and trustworthy agents to report upon them before they are approved as State se- lections. \Vhat I desire to know sptcially is the condition of the pending ap- plications. How soon will they probably be disposed of?. And if a,ny remain United States lands I desire to make selections therefrom. Some, if not all, of these applications were filed about last ~larch; and my first correspondence with your Department, as I now recall it, was some time in .Tune last. I have made several ineffectual requests through the department at Gainesville for full information, and especially to know by name the person or persons who filed the applieations, whether as individuals, corpora.tions, or State officials. I understood that some of these lands are ready to be approved as State selec- tions as soon as parties can be secured to purchase them from the State. Can it be possible that these lands are thus withdrawn and withheld from entry from the time of the filing of these applications to this date in the interest of specu- lators? ·. If your Department will promptly answer this letter, by advancing the corre· spondence to the head of the list·, I may be able to give further and more specific 

information, should your Department deem it advisable to be further informed. I now aver, as I did in .Tune last, that these lands as one body should not be passed to the State and the opportunity taken away from those who desire to homestead them under the national laws before se&rching inquiry be had by your Department; and if any have already been approved as State selections, an abrogating order should promptly issue, pending further inquiry. 

Awaiting your early reply, I am, Yours, very respectfully, 

A. B. LONGAKER. Ron. SECRETARY OF INTERIOR. 

ORLANDO, November 23, 1885. 

MY DEAR Sm : I regret that I did not meet you during you~ late stay in and visit at Orlando. I have lately been visiting and prospecting the lands in Polk, 

Manatee, Monroe, Hillsborough, Dade, Brevard, and have been thoroughly ac- quainted in Orange County, and quitefamiliarheretoforewiththewhole south- ern region of the counties south of this, and I can safely say there are several hundred thousand acres of United States lands which I understood is sought to betaken and selected as Stat~ land under the allegation that-it is swamp and overflowed, and I canJ~afely say from personal knowledge of the county gen- erally that there are at least 100,000 acres tlui.t in no sense can be claimed to be swamp and o"\'"erflowed; and I understand that the United States land in Man- atee and Monroe has been applied for as State land. This region I have traveled over during the last six months, and find much of it high and dry, and which ought not to be permitted to be selected as State lands. · I therefore ask you to interest yourself to prevent these lands from getting away from homesteaders, who ought to be secured the exclusive righttohomesteadthem; at all events they should not be taken from the United States Gov· ernmeut to get into railroad corporations and other monopolies. 

Very truly yours, 

A. G~ ROBERTS. Ron. W. CALL. 

WILDWOOD, FLA., .August 4, 1885. 

HoNORABLE Sm: I, as a citizen of Hernando County, Florida, having ~de 

improvement upon 160 acres of land claimed by the Yulee Railroad Company, known lately as the Flo;ida. Railway and Navigation Company's road, I settled upon,thelandas a bonafidesettlerinsinceregoodfaith. Last December the lands weresoldinmyabsence,whileiwaso:fffrommyplace,toamonopolizingparty. I still hold my improvement, but, as the lands have been sold for 20 miles ahead of the road, taking in my improvement at the same time, I have no courage to do anything, not knowing what is best for me to do. I now write to you to give me your sincere and d efinite opinion as to whether these lands will be canceled at the n ext Congress or not. I have no courage to go ahead and make any further improvements upon the lands until lean find outas to wheth e r the la.nd will be canceled and revert back to the Government or not; so I thought it my duty to write to you and get your opinion relative to the matter as to those lands, whether they will revert back or not. I made improvement on these lands, 160 acres, l\Iarch 18,1883, in good faith. Please address me by return of mail, to Reddick's Station, Marion County, Florida. In conclusion, I remain, · Yours, very respectfully, 

Ron. WILKINSON OALL, 

United States &nate, 

OWEN BOYLE. 

DADE CITY, FLA., June 13, 1885. 

· DEAR Sm: I write you this to show you how the actual settler has been treated by the Yulee Railroad Oompany. My father-in-law, P. M. Alexander, and my- self settled upon this land, believing that we would get it at Government price. He is employed by one H. N. Bratton, who is a son:-in-law of .r. L. Clarkson. 

Now, when these lands were advertised for sale I went up to secure mine. When I got there I wM informed by one Ricord, who is an employe of the company, that my land was sold. I then appealed to Mr. Wailes, and he told me that he would make everything satisfactory. . Mr. W. B. Clarkson then told me that his cousin, .Tames L. Olarkson, had bou()'ht the property to befriend my father-in-law, P.l\l. Alexander. Ithen told him"' if that was the case I would relinquish to H.l\I. Bratton, which I did. On my return home I got my father, .r . .r. Thrasher, to borrow the mone y at 12 per cent .. and go and pay ~Ir. Bratton, which he did, and h a d l\fr, Bra tton to order the company to make him the deed. Now Mr. Bratton told my fa ther that the company made him pay $5peracre for the land. My father, b elieving the stat-e- ment, paid the money; but when the deed comes it only ca1ls for $4 per n.cr~. 

It also comes aecompanied with the following l e tter from "\V. B. ClarkS()n m way of explanation: 

.T • .T. THRASHER, Hatton, Fla.: 

MY DEAR Sm: As agent for my cousin, .r. L. Clarkson, and following his in- structions, I inclose herein yonrdeed from F. R. & N. Co: for 80 acres land in section 21, T. 25, R. 21. 1\Iycousin paid S5 pel" acre , as follows : $!to the company and $1 per acre for securipg land in advance. The price was marked at $3 per acre and would have cost you just that much had you bought yourself; but I succeeded in reducing the price t-o ~per acre, which, with the cha rge as above, raised the price to f5 per acre, as before. I hold receipt to show this. So then you only pay what you would have had to pay if you h a d bought it yourself. I make this explanation to show why.T. L. C. charged you $5 per acre; 'tis what 

he himself paid. 

"Very truly, yours, 

Hon. WILKINSON OALL, 

Jacksonville. 

"W. B. CLARKSON.'• 

I then wrote Mr. Wailes a letter, telling him what W. B. Olarkson had writ- ten my father, and asked him if the statement was a true one,. and if the rate of my land was not $2.50 per acre instead of $5 per acre, nnd the following is his reply. You will see that he does not answer a single q ue"stion I asked him to: 

"DEAR Sm: Replying to yours of 3d instant, I . would state that the southeast quarter of section 21, T. 25 S., R. 21 E., was relinquished by you De cember 4, 

1S84, to Henry N. Bratton for value received, and in accordance with sa id re- linquishment we sold the land to Mr. Bratton, and not to Mr: ,V. B. Clark- son, as your letter states. Mr. Clarkson also informs u.s that he has nevet· bought any land of us for you. We cau not see, therefore, that you have any cause of complaint against the company or against Mr. Clarksvn. "Yours, respectfully, 

"Mr. c. B. THRASHER, 

"Dade OUy, Fla." 

"S. I. WAILES, L. 0. ''Pel' STANFORD.'' 

Now, sir, what am I to do? Shall I fold my hands and silently submit to this outrage, because I am not able to take any proceedin~ against them? I can but cry to Heaven, because I know there is no law to ptotect a poor man, because he has no money to law with. I do not think that there is hardly a settler in this country but what would gladly take the amount he has paid out for these lands with the value of his im- provements added on, and kick the dust fl'Om his feet and leave the State. They have made appeals aftel' appeals to the Government for proteclion against this company, but alas! it was all in vain, and nearly every o ne of the se ttJers to-day is in a state almost equal to beggary itself. They are like a helmless ship at sea without compass or rudder, at the mercy of every wind and wave, for they know of no power that they can appeal to for protection. I tell you, sir, that the time is not far distant when the pOOJ! pe?ple of th~s 

country will be forced to resort. to desperate means for the protection of thetr families and themselves against these unprincipled corporations that would rob them of the last vestige they had and cause their children to beg bread. If you willonly standuptothesettleryou will long be remembered and never forgotten by the good people of Hernando County, Florida. Hoping to hear from you soon, I remain, most respectfully, · C. B. THRASHER. 

N. B.-I would write to the press, but do not know of a paper that would pub- lish without pay. You can use this any way you please. If you think there is any chance for me to recover my money please write me how to proceed. Your friend, 

C. B. THRASHER. 

DAD;E CITY, FLA., July 7,1885. 

Senator CALL : 

DEAR Sm: About February.l882, I wrote a letter to A. T. Williams, railroad land commissioner of what was known as the "Yulee" railroad lands, making 

application for the east one-half of northeast one-quarter of sect ion 15, T. 25 S., R. 21 E., and I received a circularsta.tingthattheh·lands ly ing in6 miles of railroad line, whichwasmappedon the Washington line, w ould besold to actual settlers at $2.50 per acre, and fartlter than 6 miles at $L25 p er acre. From this consider- ation I madeimprovementand settlement in March following, and have resided on it continuously ever since. Now my land is apl)raised at 10 per acre, and reserved, as they(the railroad company), sa y for railroad purposes. lam a poor man with a large family, and am not able to pay so much, aud would not have s e ttled had I known I would have had to pay so much. I am not able oo pay so m uch, and will have to leave my place if I can not getitforless. I write to you fo r your advice a.nd see if you can not induce the company to let me have it at Government price. · The wa.y the railroad company have treated the people, they are now, except the land speculators, who bought their lands much less than t.he actual settlers who have bought, are praying for Congress to declare the lands forfeited and subject them to hom.estead entry. But few settlers have paid up for their lands, and m.any have not paid any, because they are not able, and the speculator will get them if there is no redress. Respectfully, J. J. ROGERS. P. S.-Please to write me as soon as possible. 

LEEsBURG, SuMTER CoUNTY, FLORIDA, October 9, 1885. 

Sm: Yours of the 22d ultimo to hand and contents noted. Allow IDe to thanlr you for the interest manifested in the Cauthen homestead matter. The old gen tleman has bought it out of the office. It is a great hardship upon him; but h' thought be had better do it, as the railroad was claiming it. I hope the home- stead settlers will be protected in their rights and property and not let the rail road corporation swindle them out of their lands, Corporations must be held in check as well as individuals. Yours, truly, 

Ron. W. CALL, 

Washington. Olty, D.O. 

THOl\IAS C. LANIER. 
, 

360 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE·. DECEMBER 21, 

BROOKS"\"ILLE, FLA., May 22, 1884. 

DEAR Srn: Our county and other parts are much troubled at the course of the Yulee railroad officials. They are now sellL'lg their lands-their unearned lm1ds, as we think-without anything more than a mere shadow of a rigHt. For the people to be thus wantonly robbed of their moneynnd in many respects their lands also is certainly a fraud punishable by law. W'ill you please answer and giYc us your opinion on the subject. \Vill you give us your undinded sup- port in Congress to help rid the country of so many fraudulent railroad officials, anti have the lands thrown back as Government land, and thereby greatly benefit the masses anti add more to your already fair-won fame ns an honest promulgator of the rights of the people? 

N. A. WILLIAMS. Hon. WILKINSON CALL. 

SUMTER COUNTY, FLORIDA, October 19,1885. 

DEAR Sm: I respectfully lay before your honor my complaint concerning my land. I can not get any satisfaction about it from Gainesville. I have been living on it eYer since 1883. r.Iy fathe r owned it in the date of 1880. I lived with him nnd helped him cultivate and improYe it until I married, and in the date of 1883 1 bought it and built on it, and sent my proof of this by two others, besides my o wn oath. I sent my money, ~U8, with my affidavit. nnd application for the cast half of the north we t quarter of section 11. and the east half of the southwest quarter of section 2, township 21 so nth of range 24 east1 and they rejected it; nnd the 11 I SPilt ~')()to enter the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of l:'ection 11 , townsbip21 south, of range 24ca ·t ,and it was refused, and tbeirexcuse was that it wa railroad reserved land. A nd now .1\Ir. Kin~ claims that he has bought it from the railroad compnu~·. nnd I wa11t you to 1~truct me how to manage to !Jomestend or eHtcr, or whether I cP.n get it or not. If I can get it 

please instruct me; and if you want to see their letters, all you have got to do is to let me know uud I will send them to you at once. I can prove all of this if ·ou want me to. Please send me full instructions how to do and what to do and nll about it. I am entitJed to a homestead and I want jt. Where I n.m living my impro\•ement is here. I am the only man that ever has lived on this land. · I w ant you to do all you can towards it, for I am a mighty poor man, andldon't want to lose it and have it took away by speculators. I have got about six ncrPs of hummock land cleared and under a good fence and a dwelling-house and corn-crib. If you can get it, all right; I will be more than glad. Please let me hear from you soon. Direct to Exeter, Sumter County, Florida. P:ease let me bear from you at once. Yours, respectfully, 

Hon. \VILKINSON CALL, Washington, D. C. 

JOHN REVELS. 

CRYSTAL RIVER, FLA., May. 

'DEAR SIR: Inn. former letter I gayeyou a copy of a. letterfromD.M. Coffman, t l niled States timber agent·, which was as follows-(date March 18, 1885, from United State.;; land office at Gainesville, Fla.): 

" l\Iv DEAR Sll!.: On my return here I found that the land you live upon belongs to the State, or rn.ther ditl belong to it, but now belongs to a 1\Ir. Ham, of Jack- sonville, but he has offered me one-half interest in it, which I will buy Saturday, and then some time next week I will write you again. We want about ten acres cleared up right away, and then you can have some of the land or pay for your improvements. " Your friend, 

"1\Ir, OLIVER SHRIVER, 

"Crystal River, Fla." 

"D. M. COFFMAN. 

I wrote to D. C. Wilson, esq., of Tallahassee, who replies," I fonnd that tho lands in question do not now, and neTer did, belong to the State. Their status is as follo~s: '.rhey were United States lands, and were selected by John A. Henderson, of this place, in 1884,and are comprised in his selection, List 18. 'l'hcse lands have not as yet been patented to the State. I called on Colonel Henderson , and he says that by application to him before patent is issued to the !:;tate, be will sell them at State prices to actual setl.lersin preference to any spec- ulators." Untler date of April23, 1885 (also from Gainesville land o.ffice), Coff- man writes as follows: · 

'·' 1\I'v DEAR Sm: I failed to make trade with Ham. but he will be down himself soon. The land you asked me to look after down the river belongs to a man by the name of Hatton, iu Missouri. Hatton seems to have bought a good many la nds down there. I will probably be down in a. few weeks. Ham sa.ys.when he gets everything in shape he will give you a. good job of· clearing, probably :·orty or fifty acres, at $12 an acre. You will give my kindest regards to Mrs. Sbri'\er and the children, also to Sharp and Carroll. Will say this to you, that von must not be uneasy as to yourself or family on account of Ham's purchases. While I can give you no definite answer yet, you will not be the loser or injured in any way, but, to the contrary, you will be benefited by the purchase. •• Your friend, 

" Mr. OLIVER SHRIVER, 

"Orysta~ River, Fla. 

"D. W. COFFMAN. 

"P. s.-Tell Mr. Carroll I am ready to purchase the Sullivan land whenever he says to the commissioner that he releases it." 

This 11eeds no comment. Neither Ham nor Dutton could have purchased any of these lands, and it is clear that it is a. confedera{ly, probable with connivance, 

if not the positive aid of the officin.ls of the Gainesville land office, to cheat the settlers out of their lands. With thisS. I. Waileshassomeprobab1econnection, as will appear. I gi"\"e the letters in the order of their dates: 

"GAn.'ESVILLE LANP OFFICE, December ll, 1884. 

"Sm: Inclosed find map of township 19 south, range 16 east, as per your order of 23d ultimo. I have made you a $J --as per money forwarded. I can fur- nish you with a dia,.o-ram showing land for $1 per township. "Respectfully, 

" Mr. S. A. GILMORE, 

"Crystal River, Fla." 

"L. A. BARNES, ~gister. 

.-,OFFICE OF S, J. )V AILES, LAND COMMISSIONER, 

"Gainesville, J amtary 30, 1885. 

"DEAR SIR: I am in condition to inform you that lots 4, 7, and 8, section 10, township 19 south, range 16, can be purchased at the Government price, which is $1.25 per acre. These lots contain 138.49 acres; at the price named the pur- chase-money would amount to $198.02, which you can send me anti I will see thn.t y o u get your deed for the land. If the Johnson -entry is canceled it will rclie,·e the conflict with the State, and tllc lots can be purcha ed from the rep- l'esentath·e of said State. Let me llear from you. "Very respectfully, 

•• S. A. GILMORE, Esq., 

"Cedar Key, Fla. 

"A. N. HAM. 

11 OFFICE OF S. I. WAILES, 

" GainesV11le, February 15, 188.'5. 

"DEAR Sm: Did you receive my letter of July 30, 1885, about the price of lots 4, 

7, and 8, section 10, township 19 south, range 16 east. I informed you by letter that the land could be purchased at Government price ($1.25 per acre). There are 158.42 acres, which would amount to $198.02. Let me know whether or not you wish to buy. 

"Very truly, 

.. s. A. GILMORE, Esq., 

"Cedar Key, Fla. 

"A.W.HAM. 

.. OFFICE OF s. I. w AI1.E3, 

"Gainesville, Maul~ 7, 1885. 

"DEAR SIR : I am in receipt of yours of 28th ult. in regtud to lots 4. 7, a ntiS, sec- tion 10, township 19, range 16 east. The price named {$1.25) is the lowest price fixed for said lands. If I can be of any service to you in locating the improvements, &c., let me know; or if you desire other plats of the same I will attend to your matter until a deed is secured for the sum of SlO. This is a sma.H fee, bu under the circumstances I will not charge more. Plense let me hear from you. "Very truly, "A. N.llAM. "S. A. GILMORE, Esq., . "Cedar Key." 

The next is from the Gainesville land office, MarCh 23, 188.'5: 

"DEAR SIR: In reply to yours of 15th instant, I would state that Alexander Johnson's homestead, No.14116, conflicts with State selections. Should l\Ir. John- son relinquish his homestead it could not be entered by any one while it con- flicts with State selections. "Respectfully, 

"S. A. GILMORE,Esq., 

"Cedar Key." 

"L.A. BARNES, Register." 

So it appears that 1\Ir. Ham promised Gilmore what he could not perform, with what purpose is not very clear, but that he and D. M. Coffman intended, and in- tend, to cheatShriveroutofhis patentisenou~h. Shriver entered a pre-emption upon his tract, lot 6, section 26, and lot 7, sect10n 25, T.19, R.16, but was unable to raise the money when the timeblme to redeem it. He now has the money. He has lived upon it continuou ly,.and is still upon it. Respectfully, · 

E. W. PERRY. lion. WILKIN ON CALL, 

United States Senator, Washington, D. C. 

EXECUTIVE OFFICE, 

Tallahassee, Fla., December 12, 1885. 

DEAR SENATOR: I have received copy of a communication from you to the honorable Commissioner of Public Lands at Washington of date November 19, 

1885, in which you inform the Commissioner that you have reason to believe, from information giyen to you by persons of good character, &c., th:lt there is an extensive and organized system of fraud practiced in connection with the land office in G~inesville in the appropriation of the public lands of the United States for the benefit of speculators and to the det.riment of actunl settlers, 

whereupon you request that there shall be no further approvals by the Land Department of selections from the State until Congress shall meet and this sub- iect receive full investigation, and that you will ask for a committee of inYesti- gation on the subject when Congress shall convene. If there is any reason to suspect fraud or crookedness of any kind, either on the part of those representing the United Slates or on the part of those who ·m the past have repre entcd or who now may be representing the State in the matter of swamp lands, to which I understand your communication refers, I beg to as ure you of my willingness to heartily co-operate in such investigation as will discover the wrong and in such steps as will repair any injury that may have resulted therefrom. · I am totalJy in the dark as to the grounds of suspicion beyond what I can gr.therfrom your communication to the Commissioner, but from thntl would in- fer that there must be suspicion against parties other than subordinates of the United States Government; for if not, I infer from the high character of the present officials of the Interior Department and the public confidence in their integrity and honest purpose to put down all crookedness in the administration of pub- lic interests you would have first applied to that Department for the investiga- tion before bringing the matter to the attention of Congress. II I am right in my inference that your information gives grounds for sus- picion ago.inst any who have represented the State or are now doing so in the matter of determining what lands passed to the State by the act of 1850 as swamp and overflowed l11.nds, am I asking too much in n.sking to be furnikh ed with the facts upon which such suspicions are based, as I feel as much interest in straightening out crookedness, if any, on the part of those repre ent!ng the State in that matter or any other as you or Congress can possibly feel. As to those representing the United States, I can not readily see ho'~ there could be ''an extensive and organized system of fraud practiced in connection with the land office in Gainesville," such as to lead to a suspension of all further approval by the Interior Department of selections of swamp and overflowed lands under the act of 1850, unless the State's representatives are in some way implicated; and if so I desire it to be distinctly understood that I am anxious to co-operate in mak.i.cg the investigation a thorough one, whether it be made by th~ Department at Washington or by Congress, should resort thereto be neces- sary (which I can not imagine in view of the characte;of the present Land De- partment of the United States Government) or wherever and however it may be proper that such investigation should be made. Very truly, yours, E. A. PERRY. Hon. WII..KINSON CALL, 

United States Serw.tor, Washington, D. 0. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. · The Senator from Vermont moves that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive business. 

Mr. CALL. The Senator from Vermont consents to withdraw his 

motion, I understand . 

. Mr. MORRILL. I withdraw the motion for the purpose of having 

the resolution referred to the Committee on Public Lands. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Vermont withdraws his objection to the present consideration of the resolution with a view to having it referred. 

Ur. PLUMB. I renew the objection. 

l\Ir. CALL. I ask the Senator from Kansas to withdraw the objeqtion and allow me to b:LYe the resolution referred. 

l\Ir, PLUMB. Allx·ight. I wish one moment, however, to say by 

way of explanation that this question I think the Senator fio:n Florida 
1885. ~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 361 ' --------------------------------------------------~------------------------------------------------

somewhat mistakes. Certainly everything in relation to public lands 

that has been made the subject of any complaint is or may easily be 

brought to the attention of the Secretary of the Interior. If thereports made there indicate that there is a defect in the law, then of course Congress ought to act; but that it should ever go into the general discussion or investigation of individual cases of entry throughout 

the entire country is absolutely physically impossible. 

I should be glad to have the case which the Senator from Florida 

makes present-ed to some committee, or to the Senate, ot to the coun- try, or anything of that kind which might meet with his views, but I 

think he is somewhat mistaken in regard to the scope which the investigation necessarily would take; and not for the purpose of enlarging 

the duties of the committee of which I happen to be chairman but 

simply that this matter may be undertaken with a perfect knowfedge 

of what it will undoubtedly bring forth I thi~k myself the resolution 

ought to go to_ the Committee on Public Lands. 

:Mr. CALL. I understand the Senator from Kansas does not object 

to a reference of the resolution to the Committee on Public Lands. 

Mr. PLUMB. No, not at all. I withdraw the objection. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is moved that the resolution be 

referred to the Committee on Public Lands. If there is no objection 

the motlon will be considered agreed to. 

Mr. BLAIR. Before the matter is disposed of I shouid like to call 

the attention of the Senator from Florida to his suggestion to print in 

connection with what he ha.ssaid certain correspondence bearing upon 

the subject. Before the consent is given without objection I should 

like .to inquire of him the nature of the conespondence, whether it is 

of a character which if not replied to w-ould be defamatory to inclividuals officials, or others. • :Mr. CALL. Not at all; there are no charges in reference to any individuals or officials, either State or United Smtes. 

:Mr. BLAIR. Then I have no o~jection to the printing. The PRESIDE~T pro tempare. That order has already been entered. 

EXECUTIVE SESSIO:N. 

Mr. MORRILL.. I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive business. 

The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business. .After forty-two minutes spext in execu- tive session the doors were reopened. 

MICHIGA:N, RAILROAD LANDS. 

Mr. COCKRELL submitt-ed the following resolution; which wa.s re- f en-eel to the Committee on Public Lands: 

'Vhereas by act of Congress approved June 3, 1856, there were granted to the 

State of Michigan certain lands toaiu in the construction of railroads mentioned 

therein, among others fur a line from Marquette to Ontonagon and from the two last named places ro the 'Visco111sin Stale lin~; and 

'Vherens tlle State of Michigan conferred said grant from said points to the 

St:J.te line upon two companies, known as the 011tonagon and State Line Railroad Company, aud the l\:IHrquette and State Line Railroad Company, which 

said companies, or their successor, so located their respective lines as to leave 

coa1mou or overlapping limits nenr the State line at the Brule River; and 

'Vhereas by joint resolntion of Congress approved July 2. 1862, the grantees 

of the Stnte were authorized to construct and build t-he said road to the State 

line upon an·other and different route, aud said State was authorized to receive 

and wa~, granted a like quantity of land upon said new line upon consideration 

of a surrender and release to the Unit-ed States of the lands previously granted 

and certified to her upon said original lines, which surrender and release was duly made by said State and other lands along the new line certified to her in 

I icu thereof; and . Whereas the United States is largely interested pecuniarily in Hs right under 

the law to the benefit of competition in the sale of such of said lands as may not be covered by lawful claims of pre-emption or homestead settlers, which lands, so subject to public sale, are said to aggregate several millions of dollars in 

value: Therefore be it 

Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and is hereby, requested to inform the Senate what is the exact present status of said lands, both odd and even sections, as shown by the records of his Department; whether, since the passage of the joint resolution of 1862, any of said lands, either odd or even sections, 

within the so-called common limits, have been reo.ffered at public sale or in any mnnner restored to private entry by executh·e crder;. also, what, if any, sales of 

said lands have been made at private entry, when and to whom, and whether 

patents ha'\"c issued upon any of the same, and when and to whom so issued; 

also what, if any pre-emption or homestead settlers' claims are now shown to be in conflict with such private entries, together with the names of such settlers 

and description of the land claimed, and whether nny of such claims have been 

prosecuted to final proof and payment, and if so for what land and by whom; 

also w~t, if any, action has been bad or taken in cases of such conflicts or is now being taken therein by the General Land Office or Department of the In- terior; also, whether any of these claims have ever been examined upon the 

ground and reported upon by any special agent or agents of the Land Office, and if so to transmit copies of said reports to the Senate; also, whether any of 

such lands are being stripped of timber, and if so by whom, and what, if any, measures have been taken to stop such waste pending the final disposition of 

the question of title. 

Ur. CONGER. I move that the Senate adjourn. 

The motion wad agreed to; and (at 4 o'clock and 5 minutes p. m.) the 

Senate adjourned to Tuesday, January 5, 1886. 

EXECUTIVE NOMINATIONS. 

Received this 21st. day of December, 1885. 

ASSISTANT ATIORNEY·GENERA.L. 

Zach. Montgomery, of California, to be .Assistant .Attorney-Geneml, 

trice Joseph K. 1\fcCnmmon, resigned. 

ASSOCIATE JUSTICES. 

William W. Porter, of California, to be associate justice of the supreme court of the Territory of Arizona, t'ice Daniel H. Pinney, suspended. 

Louis K. Church, of New York, to be associate justice of the supreme 

court of the Territory of Dakota, vice Seward Smith, suspended. 

UXITED STATES .A.TIOR:NEYS. 

William H. Denson, of Alabama, to be attorney oftheUnitedStates 

for the northern and middle districts of Alabama, viceGeorgeH. Craig, 

suspended. 

Monti H. Sandels, of Arkansas, to be a.ttorney of the United States 

for the western district of Arkansas, vice William H. H. Clayton, sus-

~nded. · Montfort S. Jones, of Louisiana, to be attorney of the United States 

for the western district of Louisiana, 'l:iM Milton C. Elstner, resigned. 

Charles Parlange, of Louisiana, to be attorney of the Uniterl States 

for the eastern district of Louisiana, vice A. H. Leonard, suspended. 

GeorgeN. Baxter, of Minnesota, to be attorney of the United States 

for the district of Minnesota,, vice D. B. Searle, resigned. 

J. Bomar Harris, of Mississippi, to be attorney of the United States 

for the southern district of :Mississippi, vice Luke Lea, suspended. 

Charles B. Hawry, of Mississippi, to be attorney of the United States 

for the northern district of Mississippi, vice Green C. Chandler, susp9ded. . Ernest Pillow, of Tennessee, to be attorney for the United States for 

the middle district of Tennessee, vice Andrew J. McLain, suspended. 

James C. J. Williams, of Tennessee, to be attorney of the United 

States for the eastern district of Tennessee, vice James U. Meek, sus- pended. 

Rudolph Kleberg, of Texas, to be attorney of the United Sta,tes for 

the western district of Texas, vice Andrew J. Emus, susp9ded. 

John E. McComb, of Texas, to be attorney of the United States for 

the eastern district of Texas, vice .As..'l. E. Stratton, j r., suspended. · William H. White, of Washington Territory, to be attorney of the 

United States for the Territory of Washington, t•ice John B. Allen, suspended . Arthur K. Delany, of Wisconsin, to be attorneyofthe United States 

for the eastern district of Wisconsin, vice Gerry W. Hazelton, suspended. 

Anthony C. Campbell, of Wyoming, to be attorney of the United 

States for the Territory of,Vyoming, t•ice John A. Riner, resigned. 

UNITED STATES IARSITALS. 

William W . .Allen, of Alabama, to be marshal of the United States 

for the middle and southern districts of Alabama, vice Joseph H. Speed, 

suspended.· John Carroll, of Arkansas, to be marshal of the United States for the 

western district of Arkansas, vice Thomas Boles, suspended. 

William C. Bird, of Florida, to be marshal of the United States fo:r 

the northern district of Florida, vice Joseph H. Durkee, resigned. 

Herman G. Weber, of Illinois, to be marshal ofthe United States for 

the southern district of Illinois, vice John R. Tanner, suspended. 

William .:M:. Desmond, of Iowa, to be marshal of the United States 

for the northern district of Iowa, vice George D. Perkins, suspended. 

Reuben B. Pleasants, of Louisiana., to be marshal of the United States 

for the eastern district of Louisiana, t·ice J. R. G. Pitkin, suspended. 

David R. Waters, of Michigan, to be marshal of the United States 

for the western district of Michigan, vice James 1\fonroe, resigned. 

James 1\f. Liddell, of Mississippi, to be marshal of the United States 

for the northern district of Mississippi, vice Joseph L. ~Iorphi'3, suspended. 

RobertS. Kelly, of Montana, to be marshal of the United States for 

the Terri tory of Montana, vice A. C. Botkin, suspended. 

George W. Miller, of Pennsylvania, to bematshalofthe United States 

for the western district of Pennsylvania-, vice James S. Rutan, suspended. 

James H. Freeman, of Tennessee, to be marshal ofthe ·UnitedStates 

for the western district of Tennessee, vice 1\I. T. Williamson, suspenaed. 

Richard B. Reagan, of Texas, to be marshal of the Unit-ed States for 

the eastern district of Texas, vice James G. Tra-cy, suspended. · John Robinson, of Vermont, to be marshal of the United States for 

the district of Vermont, vice William W. Henry, resigned. 

Samuel L. Graham, of Virginia, to be marshal of the United States 

for the western district of Virginia, vice J. G. Watts, suspended. 

Thomas J. Hamilton, of the Territory of Washington, to be marshal 

of the United States for t:qe Territory of Washington, vice Jesse W. 

George, suspended. 

Thomas J. Carr, of Wyoming, to be marshal of the United States for 

the.Territory of Wyoming, vice Gustave Schnitger, suspended. 

DIRECTOR OF THE MINT. 

James P. Kimball, of Pennsylvania, to be Director of tbe Mint, in 

place of Horatio C. Burchard, removed; and the reasons for such removal are herewith communicated to the Senate, pursuant to the 

statute in such case made and provided. · 

ASSISTANT TREASURERS OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Samuel H. Brooks, of California, to be assistant treasurer of tha 
362 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DEOEl\IBER 21' 

UnitedStatesatSan Francisco, c'al., to succeed Nathan W. Spaulding, 

whose term of office has expired. 

James T. Healy, of illinois, to be assistant treasurer of the United 

States at Chicago, ill., to succeed John L. Beveridge, resigned. 

Samuel Flower, of Louisiana, to be assistant treasurer of the United 

States at New Orleans, La., in place of P. Felix Herwig, suspended. 

COLLECTORS OF INTERNAL REVEl>.lJE. 

John W. Causey, of Delaware, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the district of Delaware, in place of Beriah Watson, suspended. 

Renssalaer Stone, of Illinois, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the first district of lllinois, in place of Joel D. Harvey, suspended. 

George A. Wilson, of Illinois, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the fifth district of lllinois, in place of Howard Knowles, suspended. 

Thomas Hanlon, of Indiana, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the . eventh district of Indiana, in place of William W. Carter, resigned. 

John 0. Henderson, of Indiana, to be collecter of internal revenue 

fort he eleventh district of Indiana, in place of Thomas U. Kirkpatrick, 

suspended. 

William C. Thompson, of Iowa, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the second district of Iowa, in place of John W. Green, suspended. 

Byron Web ter, of Iowa,, to be collector of internal revenue for the 

third. district of Iowa, in place of James E. Simpson, suspended. 

Nelson F. Acers, of Kansas, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the district of Kansas, in place of John C. Carpenter, suspended. 

Attilla Cox, of Kentucky, to be collector ofinternnl revenue for the 

:fifth district of Kentucky, in place of Lewis Buckner, suspended. 

George H. Davison, of Kentucky, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the sixth district of Kentucky, in place of John W. Finnell, resigned. 

. Eben F. Pillsbury, of Massachusetts, to be collector of internal revenue for the third district of 1\iassachusetts, in place of Charles W. 

Slack, deceased. 

A'lolph Bierman, of 1\Iinnesota, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the district of Minnesota, in place of William Brickel, suspended. 

Robert W. Banks, of Mississippi, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the district of Mississippi, in place of James Hill, suspended. 

Charles E. Ha brook, of Missouri, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the sixth district of .Missouri, in place of Philip Doppler, suspended. 

Calvin Page, of New Hampshire, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the district of New Hampshire, in place of Henry l'ri. Putney, suspended. 

Thomas 1\I. Ferrell, of New Jersey, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the first district of New Jersey, in place of William P. Tatem, suspended. 

Matthew H. Vanderveer, of New Jersey, to be collector of internal 

revenue for t.he third district of New Jersey, in place of Culver Barcalow, suspended. · 

Archibald Skillman, of Nevada, to be collector of internal revenue 

for th.e district of Nevada, in place of Frederick C. Lord, suspended. 

Christian J. Knecht, of Ohio, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the sixth district of Ohio, in place of George P. Dnnh:lJll, suspended. 

J olm H. Farley, of Ohio, to be collector of internal revenue for the 

eighteenth district of Ohio, in the place of Worthy S. Streator, suspended. 

John Whiteaker, of Oregon, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the district of Oregon, in place of John C. Cartwright, suspended. 

John T. UcGonigle, of Pennsylvania, to be collector of internal revenue for the ninth district of Pennsylvania, in place of Andrew J. Kauffman, suspended. 

Charles B. Staples, of Pennsylvania, to be collector of internal revenue for the twelfth district of Pennsylva,nia, in place of Edward H. 

Chase, suspended. . Frank Schlaudecker, of Pennsylvania, to be collector of internal revenue for the nineteenth district of Pennsylvania, in place of-Jacob F. 

Walther, suspended. 

Samuel B. Cooper, of Texn.s, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the first district of Texas, in place of William H. Sinclair, suspended. 

George 1\I. Helms, of Virginia, to be collector of internal revenue for 

the fourth district of Virginia, in place of John B. Raulston, suspended. 

Hambleton Sheppard, of Virginia, to be collector of internal revenue 

for the sixth district of Virginiar in place of William E. Craig, suspended. · 

John T. McGraw, of West Virginia, to be collector of internal revenue for the district ofWestVll'ginia, in place of Samuel P. McCormick, 

suspended. 

LIEUTENANTS IN REVENUE SERVICE. 

Lieut. Henry B. Rogers, of Michigan, to be a first lieutenant in the 

revenue service of the United States, to fill a vacancy. 

Lieut. John W. Howison, of Pennsylvania, to be a first lieutenant in 

the revenue service of the United States, to fill a vaca,ncy. 

Lieut. Daniel P. Foley, of the District of Columbia, to be a second 

lieutenant in the revenue service of the United States, in place of Second Lieut . .John W. Howison, to be promoted. 

Lieut. William E. Reynold , of the District of Columbia, to be a 

second lieutenant in the revenue service of the United States, in place 

of Second Lieut. Henry B. Rogers, to be promoted. 

Lieut. Charles A. Barnes, of the District of Columbia, to be a third 

lieutenant in the revenue serviceofthe United States, in place of Third 

Lieut. Samuel Howard, promoted. 

Lieut. Johnstone H. Quinan, of the Di trict of Columbia, to be a third lieutenant in the revenue service of the United States, in place of 

Third Lieut. Worth G. Ro , promoted. 

Lieut. Byron L. Reed, of the District ot Columbia, to be a third lieutenant in the revenue service of the United States, in place of Third 

Lieut. C. C. Fengar, promoted. 

Lieut. Kirtland W. Perry, of New York, to be a third lieutenant in 

the revenue service of the United States, in place of Third Lieut. George 

A. Cook, promoted. 

ASSISTaNT EXGINEERS IN REVEXUE SERVICE. 

Engineer Charles W. Beck-with, of Connecticut, to be a first assistant 

engineer in the revenue ervice of the United Sta.tes, to fill a. vacancy. 

Engineer Oliver P. Remick, of .Maine, to be a first assi tant engineer 

in the revenue service of the United States, in place of First Assistant 

Engineer W. H. Warren, whose resignation has been accepted. 

Engineer Charles F. Coffin, of Maryland, to be a first assistant engineer in the revenue service of the United States, in place of First Assistant Engineer Alexander L. Churchill, promoted. 

_ Engineer David McC. French, of Virginia, to be a first assistant en· 

gineer in the revenue service of the United States, to fill a vaca.ncy. 

Engineer Herbert W. Spear, of Massachusetts, to be a second assistant engineer in the revenae service of the United States, in place of 

Second Assistant Engineer David McC. French, to be promoted. 

Engineer Harry L. Boyd, of Maryland, to be a second assistant engineer in the revenue service of the United States, in place of Second 

Assistant Engineer Charles F. Coffin, to be promoted. 

Engineer Philip Littig, of Maryland, to be a second assistant engineer in the revenue service of the United States, in place of Second 

As8istant Engineer James T. Keleher, who has been promoted. 

Engineer Robert B. Higgins, of Maryl~ud, to be a second assistant 

engineer in the revenue service of the United States, in pla.ce of Second Assistant Engineer Oliver P. Remick, to be promoted. 

Engineer Wilmer Church, of New York, to be a second· assistant engineer in the revenue service of the United States, in place of Second 

Assistant Engineer Thomas T. Hall. 

Engineer Richard W. Champlain, of Pennsylvania, to be asecond assistant engineer in the revenue service of the United ,States, in place 

of Second Assistant Engineer Charles W. Beckwith, to be promoted. 

COLLECTORS OF C STOMS. 

Willis G. Clark, of Alabama, to be collector of customs for the district of Mobile, in the State of Alabama., to succeed Joseph W. Burke, 

resigned. 

John E. Grady, of Florida, to be collector of customs for the district 

of Apalachicola, in the State of Florida, in place of Seth 1\I. Sawyer, 

suspended. 

John J. McGuire, of Florida., to be collector of customs for the district of Pensacola, in the State of Florida, in place of John M. Tarble, 

suspended. . Anthony F. Seeberger, of Illinois, to be collector of customs for the 

district of Chicago, in the State of illinois, iu place of Jesse Spalding, 

suspended. 

William T. Carrington, of Louisiana, to be collector of customs for 

the district of Teche, in the State of Louisiana, in place of James R. 

Jolly, suspended. 

William L. Bancroft, of Michigan, to be collector of customs for the 

district of Huron, in the State of Michigan, in place of William Hartsuff, suspended. 

Dudley 0. Watson, of 1\Iichigan, to be collector of customs for the 

district of Michigan, in the State of Michigan, in place of J?avid McLaughlin, suspended. 

Adelard Guernon, of Minnesota, to be collector of customs for the 

district of .Minnesota, in the State of Uinnesota, in place of J o eph 

Bookwalter, suspended. 

Horace B. .Moore, of Minnesota, to be collector of customs for the district of Duluth, in the State of Uinnesota, in place ofV pasian Smith, 

suspended. 

Theophilus l\1. Favre, of Mississippi, to be collector of customs for 

the district of Pearl River, in the State of Mississippi, in place of William G. Henderson, suspended. 

Oliver Kelly, of New Jersey, to be collector of customs for the district of Perth Amboy, in the State of New J ersey, in place of Mil tou A. 

Edgar, suspended. 

James Tilton, of New Jersey, to be collector of customs for 'the dis- trict of Great Egg Harbor, in the State of New J ersey, in place of John 

Price, suspended. 

Clother H. Vaughn, of New York, to be collector of customs for the 
1885. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 363 

district of Sag Harbor, in the State of New York, in place of William 

Lowen, suspenrled. 

William F. Howland, of North Carolina, to be collector of customs 

for the district of Beaufort, in the State of North Carolina, in place of 

Alexander C. Davis, suspended. 

John A. Richardson, of North Carolina, to be collector of customs 

for the district of Pamlico, in the State of North Carolina, in place of 

Thomas A. Henry, suspended. 

John Flana.,aan, of Oregon, to be collector of customs for the Southern 

district of Oregon, in the State of Oregon, to succeed Chandler B. Watson, resigned. . John Hobspn, of Oregon, to be collector of customs for the district of 

Oregon, in the State of Oregon, to succeed John D. Merryman, whose 

term of office has expired. 

William J. McKinnie, of Ohio, to be collector of customs forthe_district of Cuyahoga, in the State of Ohio, to succeed George W. Howe, 

resjgned. 

Henry W. Richardson, of South Carolina, to be collector of customs 

for the district of Beaufort~ in the State of South Carolina, in place of 

George Holmes, suspended. 

B. Huger Ward, of South Carolina, to be collector of customs for the 

district of Georgetown, in the State of South Carolina, in place of 

Henry F. Heriot, suspended. 

JosephJ. Cocke, of Texas, to be collector of customs for the district 

of Brazos de Santiago, in the State of Texas, in place of James 0. 

Luby, suspended. 

Joseph :Magoffin, of Texas, to be collector of customs for the district 

of Paso del Norte, in the State of Texas, in place of William A. Saylor, suspended. 

Otto L. Threlkeld, of Texas, to be collector of customs for the district of Saluria, in the State of Texas, in place of Francis A. Vaugh.1.n, 

suspended. _ Baker P. Lee, of Virginia, to be collector of customs for the district 

of Yorktown, in the State of Virginia, in place of Henry de B. Clay, 

suspended. 

George G. Savage, of Virginia, to be collector of customs for the district of Cherrystone, in the State Qf Virginia, in place of George Foy, 

suspended. 

Herbert Foote Beecher, of the Territory of Washington, to be collector of customs for the district of Pnget Sound, in the State of Oregqn 

and the Territory of Washington, to succeed Albert W. Bash, whose 

term of office has expired. 

Conrad Krez, of Wisconsin, to be collector of customs for the district 

of Milwaukee, in the State of Wisconsin, in place of Ahira W. Hall, 

suspended. 

SURVEYORS OF CUSTOMS. 

Daniel 0. Barr, of Pennsylvania, to be surveyor of customs in the 

district of Pittsburgh, in the State of Pennsylvania, to succeed John 

F. Dravo, whose term of office has expired. 

August M. Kuhn, of Indiana, to be surveyor of customs for the port 

of Indianapolis, in the State of Indiana, to succeed John R. L~nard, 

whose term of office has expired. 

Richard D. Lancaster, of Missouri, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of Saint Louis, in the State of Missouri, in place of Charles M. 

Whitney, suspended. 

James Burns, of Missouri, to be surveyor of customs for the port of 

Kansas City, in the State of :Missouri, in place of Robert C. Crowell, 

suspended. 

George Frank Bayles, of New York, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of Port Jefferson, in the State of New York, to succeed Sidney H. 

Hitch, whose term of office has expired. 

Thomas F. Donvan; of New York, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of Patchogue, in the State of New York, in place of Edward T. 

Moore, suspended. 

Frank L. H. Phillips, of New York, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of Greenport, in the Stn.te of New York, to succeed William Z. 

King, resigned. 

J o eph S. Gillespie, of Tennessee, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of Chattanooga, in the State of Tennessee, to succeed Joseph L. 

Gaston, whose term of office has expired. 

George A. Hessen, of Tennessee, to be surveyor of customs for the 

port of ,Memphis, in the State of Tennessee, in place ofT. F. Cassels, 

suspended. . . Leon Trousdale, of Tennessee, to be surveyor of customs for the port 

of Nashville, in the State of Tennessee, in place of James 1\I. Kercheval, suspended. 

REGISTERS OF LAND OFFICES. 

James R. De Remer, of Pueblo, Colo., who was commissioned during 

the recess of the Senate, to be register of the land office at Leadville, 

Colo., '!:ice Septimus J. Hanna, whose term of office has expired. 

Thomas B. Davis, of Lincoln, Nebr., to be register of the land office 

at Lincoln, Nebr., vice Charles W. Pierce, whose term of office has ex- pired. 

David H. Hall, Eureka, Nev., to be register of the Ia.nd"office at Eun .ka, Nev., vice Fred. C. Hinckley, who~e term of office has expired. 

RECEIVERS OF PUBLIC 1\IONEYS. 

· H. W. Hutchins, of Eureka, Cal., to be receiver of public money at 

Humboldt, Cal., vice John K. Dollison, who was commissioned during 

the recess of the Senate but declined the appointment. 

F. I!'L Ziebach, ofYankton, Dak., to be receiver of public moneys at 

Yankton, Dak., 't:ice Joseph G. Chandler, resigned. 

William 0. Mille, ofEureka, Nev., to be receiver of public moneys at 

Eureka, Nev., vice Harvey Carpenter, resigned. 

INDIAN INSPECTOR. 

Morris A. Thomas, of Baltimore, Md., who was designated during 

the recess of the Senate, to be an Indian inspector, vice Henry Ward, 

suspended. · 

Th'"DI.AN AGENTS. 

S. S. Patterson, of Newton, Iowa, to be agent for the Indians of the 

Navajo agency in New Mexico, vice James H. Bowman, resigned. 

Robert L. Leatherwood, of Charleston, N. C., to be agent for the 

Indians of the Eastern Cherokee Indians in North Carolina, vice Julius 

L. Holmes, resigned. 

FIRST ASSISTANT POSTMASTER-GENERAL. 

Adlai E. Stevenson, of illinois, to be First Assistant Postmaster-General, vice Malcolm Hay, ~esigned. 

POSTMASTERS. 

Thomas W. Newton, to be postmaster at Little Rock, in the county 

of Pulaski and State of Arkansas, in the place of Rollin A. Edgerton, 

whose commission expired December 20, 1885. 

Isaac W. Horton, to be postmaster at Bethel, in the county of Failfield and State of Connecticut, in the place of Amos Woodman, resigned. 

William H. Miller, to be postmaster at MerideJ?., in the county of 

New Haven and State of Connecticut, in the place of Erwin D. Hall, 

resigned. 

Joseph S. Williams, to be postmaster at Mystic Bridge, in the county 

of New London and State of Connecticut, in the place of John A. Rathbun, whose commission expired December 20, 1885. 

William P. Baird, to be postmaster at Mount Carroll, in the county 

of Carroll and State of Illinois, in the place of Richard J. Thompkins, 

deceased. 

Willis S. Grimes, to be postmaster at Batavia, in the county of Kane 

and State of Illinois, in the place of Edward S. Smith, whose commission expired December 15, 1885. 

Edwin S. Hawley, to be postmaster at Hyde Park, in the county of 

Cook and State of Illinois, in the place of Goodrich Q. Dow, whose 

commission expired DecemBer 15, 1885. 

Charles Kelley, to be postmaster at Effingham, in the county of Effingham and State of illinois, in the place of Samuel N. Scott, whose 

commission expired December 15, 1885. 

William A. :M:eha.n, to he postmaster at I!fason City, in the county of 

Mason and State of illinois, in the place of Wells Corey, whose com- mission expired· December 20, 1885. 

\1Villiam Osman, to be postmaster at Ottawa, in the county of La. 

Salle and State of Illinois, in the place of William E. Bowman, whose 

commission expired December 20, 1885. 

Thomas Philpot, to be postmaster a.t Macomb, in the county of McDonough and State of Illinois, in the place of J. B. Venard, whose 

commission expired December 20, 1885. 

Henry Sharer, to be postmaster a.t Mount Morris, in the county of 

Ogle and State of Illinois, in the place of Oliver H. Swingley, deceased. 

Samuel S. Kemp, to be postmaster at Maywood, in the county of 

Cook and State of Illinois, in the place of Orren H. Benson, whose com- mission expired December 15, 1885. 

Sidney B. Stout, to be postmaster at Vandalia, in the county of Fayette and State of Illinois, in the place of HectorS. Humphrey, whose 

commission expired December 15, 1885. 

John Warner, to be postmasteratPeoria, in theconntyofPeoriaand 

State of lllinois, in place of ·washington Cockle, suspended under the 

provisions of section 1768 of the Revised Statutes of the United States. 

George E. Young; to be postmaster at Amboy, in the county of Lee 

and State of Illinois, in the place of Henry E. Badger, whose com.m.i.ssion expired December 20,1885. 

Oscar B. Harriman, to be postmaster at Hampton, in the county of 

Franklin and State of Iowa, in the place of Stephen M. Jones, whose 

commission expired December 20, 1885. . A. B. Keith, to be postmaster at Denison, in the county of Crawford 

and State of Iowa, in the place pf J. Fred Meyers, whose coiD.J:Illssion expired December 16, 1885. 

William T. Smith, to be postmaster at Oscaloosa, in the county of 

1t1ahaska and State of Iowa, in the place of Charles Leighton, whose 

commission expired December 16, 1885. 
364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 21' 

Joseph N."Bcll, to be postmaster at Shelbyville, in the county of 

Shelby and State of Kentucky, in the place of Camden W. Ballard, 

whose commission expired December 28, 1885. 

William S. Hagar, to be postmaster at Richmond, in the_ county of 

Saocradahoc and State of Maine, in the place of Abner C. Spauldmg, whose 

commission expired December 16, 1885. · 

Henry H. Gilpin, to be postmaster at Eikton, in the county of Cecil 

and State of .Maryland, in the place of Palmer C. Strickland, whose 

commission expired December 16, 1885. 

William G. Goldsmith, to ba p::>3tmaster at Andover, in the county 

of Essex and State of Mas.'1achusetts, in the place of William Marland, 

whose commission expiretl Dece:ubcr 20, 1883. 

Samuel I [enderson, to be postmaster at .Mount .Ayr, in the ~ounty of 

Rinmyold and State of Iow~1, in the piace of W. A. Reger, res1gned. Ti~otl1y Leary, to be postmaster at \Yaltham, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massacbusettf-l, in the place of Samuel 0. Upham, 

whose commi'1sion expired December 20, 1885. 

Reuben Noble, to be postmaster at ·westfield, in the county of Hampden and State of .Massachusetts, in the place of Merritt VanDeusen, 

resigned. . 

Isaac W. Bush, to be postmaster a.t Howell, in the county of Livingston and State of Michigan, in the place of Charles E. Beurman, whose 

commission expired December 15, 1885. 

William J . Ed wards, to be postmaster n.t Niles, in the_ county of Berrien and State of Michigan, in the place of E. J. Bonme, whose com- mission expired December 20, 1885. . 

P.ttrick II. McGarry, to be postmaster at St-anton, m t~e county of 

Montca.lm and State of Michigan, in the place of C. C. Miller, whose 

coruruission expired December 20, 1883. . 

Fred.. A. Stebbins, to be postm3.Sterat Uonnt Pleasant, m the county 

of Isabella and State of .Michigan, in the place of Charles E. Westla.ke, whose commission expired October 14, 1885. . · · 

Willia!:J. R. Crockett, to be postmaster at Nevada, m tb~ county of 

Vernon and State of Missouri, in the place of Hiram L. Tillotson, re- siciucd. 

Frank H. Daniells, to be postmaster at Franklin Falls, in the county 

of MciTimack and State ofNew Hampshire, in the place of Walter BurleiO'b whose commission expired December 20, 1885. 

Le~nard B. Holland, to be postmaster nt Walpole, in the l:ounty of 

Cheshire and State of New Hampshire, in the place of Ransom L. Bell, 

whose commission expired December 20, 1885. 

William M. Kimball, to be.. postmaster at Lebanon, in the county of 

G1·afton and State of New Hampshire, in the place of Alpheus W. 

Bal•er, resigned. 

Mark F. Nason, to be postm..'l.Ster at Dover: in the county of Strafford and State of New Hampshire, in the pla<:e of Joshu:1 Varney, w bose commission expired December 20, 1885. 

Orville .A. Manville, to be postmaster at WhitehalJ, in the county of 

Washington and State of New York, in place of John F. Clark, whose 

removal for cause is hereby proposed. • 

William F. Plaisted, to be postmaster at Sandy Hill, in the county of 

Washington and State of New York, in the place of Ira E. Locke, whose 

commission expired December 20, 1885. . 

William .Archinal, to be postmaster at Canto~, m the county of ~~k 

and State of Ohio, in the place of Augustus V1gnos, whose COmmiSSIOn 

expired December 16,1885. 

George Haumesser, to be postmaster at Wauseon, in the county of 

Fulton and State of Ohio, in the place of William Meeks, deceased. 

David .A. Stark to be postmaster at Delaware, in the county of Del- aware and State of Ohio, in the place of Are hi bald Lybrand, jr., whose 

commission' expired December 20, 1885. . . 

Samuel H. Smith, to be postmaster at Oxford, m the county of Chester and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Miss Margaret R. Thomp- son whose commission expired December 15, 1885. R. R. Dashiell, to be postmaster at Jackson, in the county of :Madi- son and State of Tennessee, in the place of George K. Foote, whose 

commission expire.d October 15, 1885. 

.N. B. Johnson, to be postmaster at Weatherford, in the county_of 

Parker and State of Texas, in place of N. B. Johnson, whose commiSsion expired December 21, 1885. . 

R. J. Humphrey, to be postm:¢er at Poultney, in the countyo!Rutland and State of Vermont, in the place of Henry T. Hall, res1gned. 

Felix W. :McGettrick, to be postmaster at Saint AI bam;;, ~the county 

of Franklin and State of Vermont, iJI the place of BenJamm D. Hopkins, resigned. · Newton S. Barns, to be postmaster at Fairmont, in the county of 

Marion and State of West Virginia, in the place of Thomas· Reed, 

whose commission expired October 14, 1885. 

James V. N. Sonn, to be postmaster at Evansville, in the county of 

Rock and State of Wisconsin, in the place of James R. West, whose 

commission expired December 16, 1885 . • 

CONFill:M:ATIONS. 

John Bigelow, of New York, to beassistanttreasurer of the United. States at New York, State of New York. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

MoNDAY, December 21, 1885. (j 

The House met at 12 o'clock, m. Prayer by the ChaplaiD, Rev. W. H. 

1\IILBUB.N, D. D. . . . 

The Journal of Saturday's proceedings was read and approved. 

MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. 

A messacre from the Senate was received by Ur. SYMPSON, one of its 

clerks, ann~uncing the adoption of joint rules of the Senate and House 

of Representatives; in which concurrence was requested. 

TEST3 OF IRON AND STEEL, ETC. 

The SPEAKER. In compliance with the ·statutes the Chair will 

lay before the House th~ tollowing concuiTent resolution for printing. 

The Clerk read as tollows: · · 

Is TilE SE~ATE O F THE UNITED STATES, Decem!Jer 18, 1885. 

r-.esolred by Ute Senate (the Hou.se of Repr~entati'!es conc~;tJ·ring), That the reports of tes:s of iron and steel and other matenals for mdustnal purposes made at the Watertown arsenal and tra.nsmitted to the Senate by the Secretary, of War on the 3d of Decernbe1· 1881 and lith of December, 18'35, be printed, and that 3,500 additional copies or'ea~ll· r eport be printed; of which 1,000 copies of each repor~ shall be for the u se of the SenR.t-c, 2,000 copies for the use of the House of Repre- sent:ltivcs, and 500 copies for the use of tl1e 'Var Department. Attest.: 

ANSON G. McCOOK, Seeretary. 

The resolution was referred to the Committee on P1·inting, and or- dered. to be printed. 

:C!\"'ROLLED JOL'\T I!.ESOLUTIO:N SIGNED. 

Mr. NEECE from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported that 

they had examined and found truly enrolled a joint resolution (II. R-es. 

1) authorizin<T the Secretary of the Interior to use a portion of the con- tingent fund0

to fit up rooms for the Commissioner of Patent.a; .when 

the Speaker signed the same. 

IMPORTATION OF CERTAIN GLASSWARE. 

l\Ir. MORRISON. :Mr. Speaker, some time in the week last past the 

O'entleman from New York [Mr. BUB.LEIGH] offered a resolution asking 

for certain information from the Treasury Department in relation to an 

import-ation or invoice of BobemiaQ. gl~ b_y a New. York merchant. 

Not knowino- exactly the purpose of the mqmry, I obJected to the con- sideration of the resolution, and which was afterward referred. On 

examination I became satisfied the resolution bas for its purpose the 

correction of some abuses that ought to be corrected, and will I think 

help to that end. I· therefore ask unanimous conse~t t~at t~e resolution be now considered by the House, and to do wh1ch 1~ Will be nec- essary to discharge the committe~. 

The SPEAKER. The Chair will state that the resolution is not now with the Clerk of the Houose. Will the gentleman state where it is? 

l\Ir. MORRISON. It was ordered to be referred to the Committee on Ways and Means when formed. I ask now that itbebrought into 

the House and passed. 

The SPEA.KEl<.. The Clerk will read from the Journal the resolution to which reference is made by the gentleman from Dlinois, after 

which the Chair will ask for objections. 

The Clerk read as folJows: . 

Resolnu.l, That the Secret.a~y of th~ Treasury be, and ~ereb~ is, dir~cted to transmit to this House such mformahon as he possesses, mcludmg copies of all official docnmen ts and correspondence on file in h!s Department, rela.ti~g to the importation from Bohemia, in July last, by L. Lehman,. of New York, mto ~he 

port of New York, of certain glassware, and to the appraiSement and reappraise- ment of the same. -

The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present consideration of 

the resolution? . There was no objection. 

Mr. BEACH. I have an amendment to suggest to this resolution; 

that the word "requested" be substituted for the word "directed," 

where it occurs in the resolution. 

M:r. MORRISON. We donotusetheword ''request" in communications of this kind with the beads of Departments. The word used 

is the one always employed in like cases. Mr. BEACH. Then I withdraw the amendment, which I offered 

under the impression that this was not in the customary form. 

The SPEAKER. It is in the nsnal form of such resolutions. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

Ur. MORRISON moved to reconsider the vote by which the "resolution was agreed to; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be 

laid on the table. 

The latter motion was agreed to. 

C. H. :1\IANN. 

Mr. REAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask consent of the Hous~ to allow me 

to withdraw an objection to a resolution which was subnntted by ~he 

gentleman from Indiana [Mr. ~OLMAN] on Saturd?'Y· The resolution 

to which I refer was one relatmg to the ~mpensatwn of the messenger 

to the reporters' gallery. Since that o~j~tion was made I ha:ve ascer- tained that he did not occupy the position I supposed he did, and I 

therefore withdraw the objection. 

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas, who objected on Satur-