1884. CON.GRESSION AL RECORD-SEN ATE. 6157 

time; and being engro ed, it was accordingly read the third time, and 

passed. Mr. PERKINS moved to reconsider the vote by which the joint resolution w~s passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be 

laid on the table. 

The latter motion was agreed to. 

PAGE . 

Mr. THOMPSON. I submit the following resolution. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved, &c., That the Clerk of the House of Representatives be, and he is hereby, a.uthorized and directed to pay to the pages of the House the balance of pay they would be entitled to for the month of July out of the contingent fund of the Hou e, to be immediately available. . 

There was no objection, and the resolution was adopted. 

Mr. THOMPSON moved to reconsider the vote by which the resolution was adopted; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid 

on the table. 

The latter motion was agreed to. 

ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

Mr. WELLER. I rise to a question of order. Under the under· 

standing reached pension bills are now in order; and, if so, I ask that 

their consideration be at once proceeded with. 

The SPEAKER pro tempm·e. The Chair will state the clerks are now busily engaged in arranging the bills so that there may be Iio confusion 

or delay in reporting and acting upon them. 

Mr. McMILLIN. I suggest while the clerks are arranging the bills 

that under the order just adopted the House first proceed to the con- sideration of the bills coming from the Committee of the Whole House 

on the Private Calendar, and now lying upon the Speaker's table under 

the recommendation that they be pas ed. . The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair is informed the clerks are.' 

now ready to proceed to the consideration of the Senate bills from which 

the Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar were discharged, including only the Senate bills favorably reported by the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

PENSION BILLS PASSED. 

The following Senate bills reported favorably by the Committee on 

Pensions and Invalid Pensions, and referred to the Committee of the 

Whole House on the Private Calendar, were severally considered, the 

Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar di charged from 

their further consideration, and the bills read a first and second time, 

ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed, namely: 

A bill (S. 773) granting a pension to Mrs. Kady Brownell; . A bill ( . 547) granting a pension to John C. ~. Beyland, of New 

York· i 

A bill ( . 1339) granting a pension to Frank Gray; 

A bill ( . 1641) for the relief of the widow of Edward U. Wilkins; 

and 

A bill (S. 1363) granting a pension to FrankS. Hillard. 

1\IES AGE FROM THE SENATE. 

A message from the Senate, by Mr. McCooK, its Secretary, announced 

that the Senate had passed without amendment the bill (H. R. 4297) 

for the relief of Henrietta M. Sands. 

The message further announced that the Senate had appointed l\Iessrs. 

SHEIDI.AN and BAYARD to join such committee a 'may be appointed 

by the Hou e to wait upon the President of the United States and inform him that Congress having concluded its business is ready to close 

its ession by adjournment .. 

CO~ UL.AR .AND DIPLOM.ATIC .APPROPRIATION BILL. 

Mr. BURNES. l\Ir. Speaker, I desire now to call up a resolution in 

regard to the enrollment of the consular and diplomatic appropriation 

bill. 

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The resolution will be read. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved bytheHouseof Represl'!l;tatives (tlu Senate concurring), That the Presi- dent be requested to return to the House of R~resentatives, in which it originated, the bill (H. R. 6770) making appropriations for the consular and diplo- matic service of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30,1885, and for other purposes. 

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will state that this is done 

in order to correct an omission made in the enrollment of the bill. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

1\IE .AGE FRO::\! TH~ S]J:Y.ATE. 

A message from the Senate, by l\Ir. McCooK, its Secretary, an- nounced that the Senate receded. from its amendment to the bill making temporary provision for the naval service of the Government. [Applause.] 

PENSIO~ BILLS P .ASSED. 

Under the previous order of the House, the Committee of the Whole 

House on the Private Calendar was discharged from the further con- sideration of Senate pension bills of the following titles; and the same were severally considered, read a first and second time, ordered to a third reading, read the third time, ;:md pa ed, namely: 

A bill (S. 280) granting a pension to Wesley Morford; 

A bill (S. 1566) granting a pension to Martha Bastin; 

• A bill (S. 284) granting a pension to Henry J. Seward; 

A bill (S. 1227) granting a pension to Capt. Israel Stongh; 

A bill (S. 1225) granting a pension to l\Iary Hopperton, widow of Edward Hopperton; 

A bill (S. 2244) granting a pension to James Brown; 

A bill (S. 464) granting a pension to James P. F. Toby; 

A bill (S. 461) granting a pension to Warren Croan; 

A bill (S. 912) granting a pension to Henry A. Armstrong; 

A. bill (S. 1430) granting a pension to Sarah C. Hall; and 

A bill (S. 1444) granting a pension to William J. Hess. 

Mr. GOFF moved to reconsider the votes by which the various Senate pension bills were passed; and also moved that the motion toreconsider be laid on the table. 

The latter motion was agreed to. 

ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

Mr. RANDALL. I move that the House do now adjourn. 

Several ME:MBERS. Why at this hour? 

Mr. RANDALL. The reason is I find for the :fi.rsttimethismorning 

that we are now in the legislative day of Saturday, July 5, and it is 

necessary that the House should adjourn so as to be actually in Monday's session, which will have to be done by consent at this hour. It 

is necessary to relieve onr proceedings from confusion of dates. 

The motion was agreed to by unanimous consent; and aecordingly 

(at 11 o'clock and 58 minutes a.m., Monday, July 7) the House adjourned. 

PETITIONS, ETC. 

The following petitions and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk, 

under the rule, and referred as follows: 

By Mr. BINGHAM: Petition of Horatio I. Kurtz and others, mem- bers of the Grand Army of the Republic, of Philadelphia, Pa-4 for the 

establishment and maintenance of a national cemetery near Philadelphia for the remains of the Union soldiers of the late war-to the 

Committee on Appropriation. . By Mr. S. S. COX: Memorial of Nathaniel McKay, relative to monitor l\fiantonomoh-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

By l\Ir. W. R. COX: Petition of W. H. Chambler and 43 others, of 

James W. Hilliard and others, of W. L. Crocker and 55 others, and of 

W. W. Rogers and 57 others, all of Wake Councy, North Carolina, urging national aid to education-severally to the Committee on Edu('.ation. 

By Mr. DINGLEY: Remonstrance of E. K. O'Brien and others, 

against Government postal-telegraph system-to the Committee on the 

Post-Office and Post-Roads. 

By l\Ir. KEIFER: Petition of E. Sherrett and 46 others, favoring 

the passage of certain bills in the interest of soldiers, sailors, &c.-to 

the Select Committee on Payment of Pensions, Bounty, and Baek Pay. 

By Mr. KEIFER: . Preample and resolutions of Powell Post, No. 

381, Grand Army of the Republic, of Tremont City, Ohio, in favor of 

additional and more liberal legislation in the interest of soldiers and 

sailors of the late war-to the Committee on the Payment of Pensions, 

Bounty, and Back Pay. . • 

By 1\lr. LOVERING: Petitionsof4,000 citizens and oldiersnotmembers of the Grand Army of the Republic, for the passage of H. R. 6463, 

granting a pen ion of per month to all honorably discharged officers, soldiet , and sailors who served in the Union Army during the 

late war ot the rebellion-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

By Mr. McCOMAS: Petitionrelatingtotheclaimof John D. Keedy, 

of Louisa McCollister, and of Ramsay Robb Lees-severally to the 

Committee on W M Claims. 

By Mr. PRICE: Petition of F. ::M:. Smart and 70 others, of l\Ierrillon, 

Wis., for the passage of the Lovering pension bill (H. R. 6463)-to 

the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

By l\1r. POLAND : Resolutions of Dndley Post, Grand Army of the 

Republic, of Arlington, Vt., for legislation about pensions-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 

SENATE. 

MONDAY, July 7, 1884. 

The Senate met at 10 o'clock a.m. The Chaplain, Rev. E. D. HUNTLEY, D. D., offered the following 

prayer: 

0 Thou, whose watchful care has kept us to this day, we come once more to worship in Thy presence. And as we attempt to voice our thanks for all Thy kindness, we pray Thee to accept the utterances 

which we are conscious fail to express the gratitude we feel. . 

Whichever way we look we are met by evidences of Thy favor. 

Surely ' goodness and mercy have follo.wed us all th~ days of our lives. 

We have been unworthy of Thy kindness, and confess to have made a lamentably poor use of many God-given opportunities. But "Thou 

hast not dealt with us after our sins, nor rewarded us according to our iniquities. ' Death ha not been permitted to enter the Senatorial 

ranks during this lengthy session, and those of our number who came here with impaired vigor have been so blessed of Thee that feebleness 

. 
6158 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 7, 

has given way to strength, and incipient recuperation has developed 

to a prophecy of permanent health. For this and all other benedictions 

of .Thy love we give Thee thanks. 

And now as we are about to separate we ask a. Father's blessing. 

Jlt:lay we carry with us the assurance of Thy love. May our consciousness of imperfections and the sadness consequent upon so many failures 

find so mew bat of mitigation in the fact that "Thou knowest our frame 

and rememberest that we are dust.'' · BlessthePresidentoftbeseUnitedStates. Preservehi life. Vouchsafe unto him h ealth and happiness, and do Thou so dispose his mind 

that his exceptionally wise and judicious administration may be continued and may receive Thy blessing in the future as it has done in the 

p~~mmand Thy special benediction upon him who by Thy providence 

bas been called to preside over the deliberations of this body. Be 

pleased to continue him in health and strength and return in safety to 

the position he has occupied so acceptably to his brother Senators and 

with so much credit to himself and to his country. 

And now we pray Thee to accompany Thy servants, the members of 

this Senate and the employes about this Chamber, to their ho-mes. In 

the midst of their families, their friends, and neighbors may they be 

refreshed. If it please Thee, spare all their lives, that they may again 

engage in the labors to which they have here become accustomed; but 

if this may not be, prepare them by Thy Holy Spirit for honorable citizenship in the "undiscovered country from whose bourn no traveler 

1·eturns. '' 

We ask these mercies in the name of Him who is the resurrection 

and the life-our Saviour, Jesus Christ. Amen! 

THE JOURNAL. 

The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of the pro-ceedings of 

Saturday;Iast, when, on motionofMr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania, and 

by unanitnous consent, the further reading was dispensed with. 

PETITIONS .L.'D MEMORIALS. 

The PRESIDENT pro ~pore presented the petition of Lincoln Po t 

No. 131, Grand Army of the Republic of Wisconsin, praying that a pension of $8 a month may be granted to every Union soldier and sailor 

who served sixty days or more in the late war of the rebellion, and 

who, under existing laws, is not entitled to that or a greater sum; which 

was referred to the Committee on Pensions. 

PRINTING OF PENSION DOCUMENTS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. There being no reports of committees, 

bills or joint resolutions, "concurrent or other resolutions" are in order, and the Chair lays before the Senate the order offered by the Senator 

from Pennsylvania [Mr. MITCHELL] for the printing of House bill5667, 

reported from the Committee on Printing with an amendment. The 

order will be read. 

The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

Ordered, That there be printed 3,000 copies of House bill 5667, the Mexican pension bill, as it passed the· Senate, and 3,000 copies of Senate Miscellaneous Document No.107 of this ~>eSsion, 1,000of each for the use of the Senate, and 2,000 of each for the use of the House of Representatives. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempare. The amendment reported by the Committee on Printing will be read. 

The CHIEE CLERK. The committee propose to amend the order so 

as to read: 

Ordered, That there be printed in pamphlet form 2,000 copies of House bill5667 known as the Mexican pension bill, as it passed theSepate, and also2,000copies of Senate 1\.fiscellaneous Document 107 of this session, the same to be stitched to- gether. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing totbe 

amendment. 

The amendment was agreed to. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to the 

order as amended. 

The order as amended was agreed to. 

RECESS. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no further concurrent 

or other resolutions that order is closed. The Chair lays before the Senate the Calendar under Rule VITI, but will await the pleasure of the 

Senate before proceeding. 

Mr. CONGER. If there is no business other than the Calendar, I 

move that the Senate take a recess for :fifteen minutes. 

The motion was agreed to; and (at 10 o'clock and 10 minutes a.m.) 

the Senate took a recess untillO o'clock and 25 minutes a. m. 

The PRESIDE.i~T pro tempore. The hour for which the recess was 

taken has expired. The Senate resumes its sitting. 

CO:\IMITTEE 0~ PRINTING. 

On motion of Mr. HAWLEY, it was 

Ordered, That the Committee on Pi:tblic Printing have leave to sit during the vacation of Congre s. 

ME SAGE FROl\I THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

Clerk, announced that the House had non-concurred in the amendment 

.of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 7509) making temporary provision for the 

naval service. 

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. 

The message also announced that the Speaker of the House bad signed 

the following enrolled bills and joint resolution; and they were theretyX>n signed by the President pro tempore: 

A bill (H. R. 7235) making appropriations to supply deficiencies in 

the appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1 4, and for 

prior years, and for those certified as due by the accounting officers of 

the Treasury in accordance with ection 4 of the act of June 14, 1878, 

heretofore paid from permanent appropriations, and for other purposes; 

A bill (H. R. 6770) making appropriations for the consular and diplomatic service of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 

1885, and for other purposes; 

A bill (H. R. 7380) making appropriations for sundry civil expenses 

of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, and for other 

purposes; and 

Joint resolution (H. Res. 286) fo-r the payment of certain persons 

therein named for clerical services rendered the District of Columbia 

in making numerical and assess books. 

.Al~PROPRIATIONS FOR THE NAVY. 

1\Ir. HALE. I as1r that the House bill making temporary provision 

for the naval ser · , with the Senate amendment, be taken up. 

The PRESI T pro temp01·e. The Chair lays before the Senate the 

bill (H. R. 7 9) making temporary provision for the naval service, returned fro the House of Representatives with their action on the 

amendm t proposed by the Senate. The action of the House of Representa ves on the Senate amendment will be read. 

Th ecretary read as follows: 

IN THE HouSE oF REPRE~ENTATIVES, July 5,1884. 

olved, That the Honse non-concur in the amendment of the Senate to the l (H. R. 7509) making temporary provision for the naval service. 

lr. HALE. I move that the Senate recede from its amendment. 

Mr. MILLER, of California. The conferees on the part of the Senate 

on the general naval appropriation bill, I have no reason to doubt, did 

all they could to convince the conferees on the part of the House that the 

amendments put upon that bill by the Senate ought to be concurred in, 

but their action bas resulted in an agreement by them to an arrangement by which we not only recede from those amendments and give thelJl 

up, but our conferees have agreed to the repeal of the existing a-ct of appropriation for the construction of the engines and machinery of the 

monitors, or at least those which are not under contract. The effect of 

this is to stop work upon the only vessel on the Pacific coast which can 

afford us any protection or means of defense against the vessels of any 

foreign power which might choo e to make an attack upon us. 

Our people have petitioned Congress, through boards of trade, chambers of commerce, and other organized bodies of commercial men, to 

to provide some means for the harbor defense of San Francisco. 

I can not remain'silent here when a proposition like this is brought 

before the f;:lenate. As I said last night, the Pacific coast is utterly defenseless. I am one of those who have been in favo-r of rebuilding the 

Navy, and finishing the monitors, and I think that it i's due to myself and to my State that I should place upon record the reasons why I 

oppo e the action proposed this morning, and why I am in favor of rebuilding the Navy. There are some things which have not been said 

in respect to this matter that I think ought to be said, and I crave the 

indulgence ofthe Senate for a few moments while I put on record the 

views which I have on this subject. 

INEFFICIENCY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY. 

It is admitted on both sides of this Chamber that the United States 

is without a navy. That amazing fact has been stated and reiterated 

here in the Senate hundreds of times by Senators of every shade of political opinion until the disgrace ha been burned into the con ciousness of us ~- It has been stated here also with equal persistency, and 

with equal truth, that the country is destitute of coast defenses; that 

this great nation of nearly 60,000,000 people, who e liberalit;y, intelligence, and courage have been the admiration of the world, and whose 

magnificent cities upon her great water ways are the marvel of mankind, has not one gun of mo-dern construction and adequate power in 

place upon her coasts to defend her great and rich commeFcial marts. 

Far famed and opulent as these wonderful cities of more than Theban 

or Carthagenian wealth and magnificence are, the story of their defenseless condition goes with the fame of their riches throughout the world. 

It is known everywhere that our forts are as paper boxes, our batteries 

are but inno-cent and feeble shams, and our whole enginery of defensive 

war but weak reminiscences of former power. 

The modern ironclad of other nations can steam along in front of 

our forts and batteries 'vithout feeling even a jar as our weightiest projectiles are hurled against her ponderous sides. They trike her as feathers shot from a toy gun. She neither heeds, nor hears, nor feels 

the soft pattering of their caressing contact, but goes forward in the immensity of her power and upon her mission of destruction to the very 

center pier of our greatest commercial city. Or if she prefers to speak 

her wrath at a distance, beyond the ound of our guns, she stands eight 

or ten miles away and hurls her awful thunderbolts of more than a ton 
-

1884. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 6159 

in weight crashing through the very heart of our metropolis. This 

may be done, and in despite of torpedoes and all the guns and enginery 

which we as a nation possess and the Democratic party says that this 

condition shall continue, becau e we propose to appropriate money to 

build a na.vy and great guns by !ill appropriation hill! 

THE PREVALENCE OF WAR. 

But it is said that there is no need of haste, that. we, though defenseless and open to attaek, are. in no danger; that there will be no war. 

What Danielhascometo judgment here? Who may prophesyofperpetual peaee for this country? Since history began there has never been 

one day of peace throughout the world. Burke's estimate is that there 

have perished by war upon this planet thirty-five thousand millions of 

human beings; that this bewildering, amazing number of human lives 

have gone out by the misfortune of war. The history of mankind is 

for the most part a panorama of battles. In our own country so frequent have been our wars that not a sound man ha.s grown to middle 

age without the opportunity of showing his love of country and personal prowess upon the battlefield. We have all had our chance. 

From 1776 to 1876 we were engaged fifteen years in war, not counting 

Indian wars; or of the century we passed one year of every seven in 

destructive warfare. War is incessant on the earth, always in progress 

somewhere. There is no.universal peace among men. The first link 

of the millennia! chain oy which that demon of destruction is to be 

bound has never yet been forged. How shall we escape war? Shall 

we do it by a pusillanimous, spiritless, nerveless, foreign policy? Shall 

we escape by cultivating a grinning, idiotic, sycophancy to aggressive 

power? Are we to turn into a nation of Uriah Heeps or Aminadab 

Sleeks? ~ that the Democratic plan? Will that save us? I hope not. 

Now, I do not say thi<> because of any love of war. I hate it. I hate 

it because it hurts; becauseitdestroys; because it is the art ofinjury and 

destruction; because it is cruel, heartless, relentless; it is force in delirium; 

it is humanity in wild, demoniac energy. Yet there is a majesty in the 

roar of battle; there is a grandeur in its awfulness; there is a fuscination in its terror-it is one of God's mysteries. .A.nd there are worse 

national calamities than war. It is a cloud with a silver lining. Good 

often comes of it, and God permits it. So it comes to all nations, and 

will come so long as human nature lasts. We shall not eseape it, and 

certainly not by inviting it by our defenseless condition. 

EFFECT UPON OUR DIPLOliACY OF NON-PREPARATION. 

The effect of the defenseless condition and non .. combatant character 

of our Government is to repress the spirit and destroy the courage of 

American diplomacy. The power and influence of a nation in international councils is proportioned precisely to her capability to inflict 

injury upon her enemies. Her dignity is in the ratio of her power to 

fight. Intelligence counts for something, wealth for more, but the 

strongest is the greatest in the conflict of nations. No government 

destitute of military power can present an ultimatum. Such a gov-

.ernment must be prepared to submit to the will of others who are 

stronger, not wiser, in international concerns. Applying these principles to our Government in our present condition, do we not see at this 

very moment what humiliation is in prospect for us as a nation in the 

near future? THE HOJ!,""ROE DOCTRI~'"E. 

Sixty years agothisnationasserted a principle, orannounced a policy, 

which was dignified by the name of the ".Monroe doctrine." It has 

been the cherished doctrine of the people of the United States from the 

day of its promulgation. It has been popular because it formulated 

and emphasized a public sentiment which forbade European ·interference with the political affairs of this hemisphere. This doctrine has 

been sometimes asserted with great apparent frankness and force; sometimes in the form of a weak protest against the encroachments of 

European powers upon the territory or autonomy of American states, 

and sometimes it has been so feebly and 'doubtfully asserted that its 

total abandonment seemed to be meditated. 

Our history shows that the vigor and manliness with which this doctrine has been asserted has been proportioned to the efficiency of our 

military power at the time, on both sea and land. While we as a nation have not been, invited into the international councils of Europe, we 

· have asserted our right to take a leading part in the councils of Ameri- can nations, and we have, as we felt bound to do by reason of our geographical position, our superior strength, and the great interest which we have in the peace and prosperity of our neighbors, from time to time 

exercised a watchful and friendly care over the interests of the nations 

of this hemisphere. We have asserted the principle that the strong and 

aggressive powers of Europe should not by our consent disturb the autonomy of any American nation, nor by colonization or ot herwise obtain practical control over any part of any one of these na.tions, nor interfere in the relations which they sustain toward each other. We have 

said that the American isthmus should not be severed by a ship-canal 

unless the United States should have at least some control over it. We 

have gone further than that. We have objected to the Colombian Government seeking guarantees of the freedom and neutrality of the canal 

at the Panama Isthmus from European governments and we have insisted that all the· guarantees in respect of the free use of uch a canal 

should be from the United States alone. We have objected to alliances 

between American powers and European powers unless such alliances 

should be under the supervisory control of our Government: Our pretensions as the regu.hting force, the controlling and advisory power 

among American nations, have been put forth withgreatforce and persistence, sometimes with an energy and vehemence which showed the 

earnestness of our intentions and the character of the active guardianship which we have assumed over the affairs of our American neighbors. 

A ~'"E~ ERA-PANAJIIA CANAL. 

Now a new era of development is opening in some of the countries 

south of us. Something like a crisis in the affairs of more than one of 

the nations whose relations with us are Inatters of concern is near at 

hand. Have Senators read and studied the diplomatic correspondence 

between our Government and that of the states of Colombia on the 

subject of the Panama Canal? If they have not, I commend it to their 

serious attention and careful perusal. Our Government has said more 

than"once in language so plain that it could not and has not been misunderstood that we can not permit the isthmus transit to be used in 

any event offensively against our interests as a nation on land or sea. 

The United States by the thirty-fifth article of the treaty of 1846 with 

New Grenada, now the United States of Colombia, guaranteed "positively and efficaciously" the perfect neutrality of the isthmus and of 

any interoceanic communication that might be constructed over it for 

the maintenance of free transit from sea to sea, and also guaranteed 

the rights of sovereignty and property of the United States of Colombia 

over the territory of the isthmus included within the borders of the 

State of Panaina. 

In 1881, when it was ascertained that overtures had been made to 

the Colombian Government by European powers for supplementing our 

guarantees by the guarantees of European powers, by treaties of alliance, 

-such as the treaty of 1846--our Government gave notice to Colombia 

and the world that the guarantee given by the United States did not 

require re· enforcement or accession or assent from any other power, and 

that any movement by any European government in the sense of supplementing the guarantee of the United States would be regarded as 

an uncalled-for intrusion into a field where the interests of the United 

States must be considered before those of any other power except Colombia. We also construed our guarantee to mean the protection of the 

territoral rights of Colombia over the Panama transit from aggression 

or interference of any kind. Our Government said ro the world that 

''an agreement between European states to jointly ~arantee the neutrality and in effect control the political character of a highway of 

commerce remote from them and near to us, forming substantially a 

part of our coast line and promising to become the chief means of 

transportation between our Atlantic and Paeific States, would be viewed 

by this Government with grave concern, and that such action by European powers, which ~nainta.in vast armies and patrol the sea with 

immense fleets, would partake of the nature of an alliance ~t the 

United States of America." We said that during any war in which 

either the United States or the states of Colombia might be a party 

the passage of armed vessels of a hostile nation through the canal at 

Panama would be no more admissible than would be the passage of 

the armed forces of a ho~tile nation over the railway lines joining the· 

Atlantic and Pacific shores of the United States or of Colombia. This 

is a mere outline of what our Government has announced as its policy 

and purposes in respect of the Panama. Isthmus. It has said more, 

and manifested the great and paramount interest which it has always 

claimed in the Isthmus transit repeatedly, clearly, and with dignity 

and emphasis. 

But the work of construction goes on; the canal is being built, and by 

whom? Has the United States aniDterest in itor control over it? It 

is being built by Frenchmen and French capital. Do we propose that 

this great work, which exposes our commerce with the Pacific to the absolute control of foreign nations, whose interests are ho~tile to ours, and 

our western coa.sts to the mercyof hostile fleets, shall be consummated 

and pass under the domination of European powers? Do we intend 

to make our werds good? Suppo e our treaties with Colombia are 

superseded by treaties of alliance and guarantee between Colombia. and 

European powers? What is our Government to do? Protest against 

it? Btit how shall the protest be made effective without a navy? 

How strong will be the protest if our coast cities are left defenseless ? 

THE FRENCH IN PANAMA. 

The tate of Panama is practically to-day a French colony; it is in 

French possession. It is a fact well known that the French Government, through the influence of its agents, has controlled and carried 

the late elections in the state of Panama. Ithasthusgained political 

control in Panama on the pretext that it is necessary for the preservation of the public peace and for the protection of French capital. The 

disorders which preva~ at this very moment in the state of Panama 

are likely to lead to hostilities between the natives and the alien races 

who are gathered there and engaged in the work of the construction of 

the canal. We may expect at any time within six months, perhaps 

within sixty days, that the French Government will consider it necessary for the preservation of French interests in Panama to establish 

military posts there and station troops along the line of the projected 

canal. S.shemes for the colonization by the French of various parts of 
, 6160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 7, 

the United States of Colombia are now in progress. · They have gone so 

far as to change the names of the towns and places along the line of the 

Panama Canal, giving them French names, and that whole region is 

becoming Frenchified, and the Monroe doctrine (so called) is violated 

energetically, flagrantly, and persistently by the French every day and 

every hour in the day. It is a question which I here suggest, How long 

will this be permitted to continue? Do we intend to stand by and see 

the French Government in military control of Panama? Do we propose to permit these colonization schemes to go on without objection 

or ·interruption? 

It is perfectly evident that the French Government, which has of late 

become the most aggressive power on tp.e earth, intends to assume and 

maintain perfect and exclusive control over the Panama Canal whenever 

it shall be finished. It proposes to maintain the same relation with 

the Panama Canal that England has assumed in reference to the Suez 

Canal. The freedom and neutrality of the Panama Canal will be maintained just so long as the French desire it shall be maintained and no 

longer. The time has come for the practical assertion and maintenance of the l\Ionroe doctrine with respect to the Panama Isthmus or 

for its total repudiation and abandonment. The question how far the 

United States may now go in .defense of the Monroe doctrine with or 

without a navy is a question which must soon be answered. 

NICARAGUA--'I'HE LAKE. 

We have said brave things in respect of the Nicaraguan transit. We 

have a treaty with Nicaragua in which our faith is plighted to protect 

that feeble nation against the encroachments of other powers which 

shall attempt to cut the Nicaraguan isthmus by a canal without the 

consent and co-operation of the United States and Nicaragua. The 

concession for a canal to the American company expires within four 

. months. Suppose England, or France, or any Eu.ropean maritime 

power should gain a concession from Nicaragua and begin the construction of a canal there with a view of making the Lake of Nicaragua the 

naval entrepot and harbor of its great war ships, which would give 

such nation complete supremacy over the commerce of both oceans and 

become a perpetual menace ·to not only the commercial interests of the 

United States in the Pacific seas but to our Western coasts and Pacific States and cities, whatwould our Government do? Whatshould 

it do? Will our Democratic leaders who oppose the building of a 

navy say that we should stand supinely by and see this great nation 

environed and humbled a.nd humiliated and threatened and defied? 

WHO SHALL CONTROL THE ISTHMUS ? 

I say for one that· the national honor, the national interests, the 

national pride, American spirit and American manhood forbid that 

the control of the isthmus transit at either Panama or Nicaragua shall 

ever be intrusted to any power to the exclusion of the Un~ted States. 

If you ask me whether I would resort to war for the protection of the 

interests of the United States in respect of these isthmus transits, I 

answer that I wolilld at once begin preparation for war by building great 

guns, large iron-clad ships and cruisers. Our position is right, and the 

statesmanship which, either through ~owardice or ignorance of the prodigious interests involved, halts or temporizes in the maintenance of 

that position is too spiritless and weak tor the time and the national 

demand. That the time is coming, and that soon, when Congress shall 

be called upon to consider the question of peace or war in its relation 

to this isthmian problem I fully believe. We are drifting, and drifting into serious complications. The diplomatic negotiations now supposed to be in progress may extricate this nation from the difficulties 

which threaten it in the near future in respect to Nicaragua. They 

are being conducted, it is believed, withskill and good judgment, and 

when the correspondence which has already taken pla-ce is made public it will be seen with what energy, vigor, sagacity, and courage the 

present Administration has conducted the important negotiations which 

are intended to place it within the power of the United States to find 

a solution of the isthmian question. And if the negotiations shall be 

successful, do we not see that this Government must be prepared to act 

wfth firmness and determination; to move forward with steady andrelentless energy to the accomplishment of its purposes, undeterred by 

foreign protests and without fear of European interference? 

It is not the time now to even outline the purposes and pb.ns which 

this nation should adopt and pursue in respect of the Ame·t:ican Isthmus, nor to attempt to describe the ad vantages to American commerce 

or the American shipping interests by the control of a canal t-hrough 

Nicaragua. A few days ago a debate was concluded in the Senate 

upon the causes for the decline of the American merchant marine and 

the methods for its restoration. He must have thought butlitt1eupon 

the subject who can not see that the most potential agency for the restoration of our merchant marine is to be found in the po ession and 

unlimited control of a waterway for great ships through Nicaragua or 

Panama. English statesmen see it all and much more. French and 

German statesmen see it; and no movement in that direction, however 

slight or tentative, on the part of our Government escapes the·v:igilant · eyes of European diplomats and statesmen. I forbearto say more at this time upon this mot interesting and important topic for reasons which must be apparent to all who take note 

of current history. But with the inexorable movement of event toward 

a speedy culmination of these isthmian questions, clearly open to our view, approaching as we are the supreme hour when the United States 

must act with firmness, courage, and force, or suffer irreparable loss. 

humiliation, and disgrace, why hesitate in placing the country in a position to maintain its oft-asserted rights and defend its interests and its 

honor? · W.HO WILL EXCUSE THE HAZARD OF DELAY ? 

Not the American·people. Not the masses of even the Democratic 

party. If the timecomes when there is need that this nation be prepared for war, and it is found to be unprepared, the statesmen who are 

held responsible for the crime of the fu.ilure will shrink into nothingness before the offended majesty of the American people and call upon 

the hills and the mountains to fall down upon them. No such contemptible excuse as a pretended want of confidence in a Secretary of 

the Navy will avail. They will be asked for a better reason than a 

mere suspicion that the management of the construction of war ships 

may possibly be not wise or economical. That will not do. Certainly 

not when no single official act of the Secretary in the administration 

of his office can be shown to justify the flimsy excuse of these unworthy 

suspicions. COMMERCE AND THE NAVY. 

Whether it be in pursuance of any well-defined policy of our Government or not, the people of the United Stat~ are searching out foreign 

markets for American manufactures, and they are looking southward. 

Whether we will it or strive ~aainst it, intimate commercial relations 

will be established between our people and the peoples of Mexico, Central and South America. They will grow up through a natural process in the evolution of trade, and great interests which shall demand 

the care and protection of our Government will spring up on land and 

sea throughout this whole western region. The United States must 

assume its rightful place as the leading nation among western powers 

and assert its masterful position among them and be prepared to defend 

the interests of its people. The Government should lead in the movement for the extension of American commerce and in the creation of 

new markets, adopt, define, and announce a foreign policy in respect to 

our relations with neighboring states, devise, mature, and begin the execution of a plan of life in its relation tO the nations of the earth. 

No nation can long endure and successfully maintain an exalted station in the family of nations without commerce, and commerce must be 

sustained by the protecting force of an efficient navy. The interests of 

a commercial people are so intimately interwoven with the interests of 

the peoples with whom they trade that insensibly an alliance between 

them is formed. Commercial interest is often the motive for political 

alliance, and the idea of protection is inseparable from the fact of com- mercia! interest and the alliance which is created by it. · 

THE CURAN PROBLEM. 

We can not escape if we would the most lively sensibility in respect to 

the internal affairs of a country so near to us and with commercial relations so intimate with us as Cuba, for example. Whatever may be the 

disposition of our people in regard to abstention from interference with 

the political status of Cuba, no radical change can take place in her relation to Spain or in her local government without awakening a very 

lively interest in the minds of our people. It must be apparent now to 

all who have watched the progress of Cuban affairs that important 

changes are likely to take pla-ce in the government of the island within 

a few years. It is not my purpose to enter the domain of prophecy, but 

the tendency of events plainly is toward the emancipation of Cuba from 

Spanish exactions and Spanish control. ' 

The present conditions under which Cuba is a drained and impoverished dependency of Spain can not much longer endure, and a change 

of some sort is imminent. What that change may be, and what results 

shallflowfromit, time will give answer. When it comes European powers •vii).. be fouu.d eagerly contending with each other for the ad vantage of 

some sort of control over the destiny of Cuba. \Vill the Government 

of the United States stand passively by and stupidly gaze upon the con- flict, or will it see a duty to perform and have the courage and man- hood to perform it? With the probable aud possible complications 

growing out of our relations with and our interests in Cuba, with the 

indications of a speedy culmination of the disordered affairs of this rich . 

and misgoverned neighbor plainly before us, and with tbe certainty 

that this Government will be called upon to assert Its power a"l against 

the interference of great European governments in this business, is it 

not prudent to begin, at least to think of, preparation for meeting the crisi'l 

in such ma.nner as shall become a just, liberal, courageous, aud p owerful nation? It seems to me so; and therefore I should begin the 

building of vessels of war and strengthen our coast d~fense . 

CAN THE UNITED STATES ENFORCE ITS DEMANDS ? 

A few days ago the House of Representatives passed and ent to the 

Senate a joint resolution which directs the President to make certain demands upon the Governinent of Venezuela, and which presents for V en- ezuela the alternative of war if these demands are not complied with. 

Venezuela is a weak nation, feeble in her armament, meager in her re- sources, and not powerfUl in numbers. She is far off, open to attack by 

us only from the sea. A declaration of war again t 'Venezuela by t he 

United States would not be regarded by mankind as a brave proceeding. 
-- . 

1884. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 6161 

But is it a bold thing to do to threaten her with a war which we dare not 

attempt to wage? Will the Senate pass this resolution? How will the 

United States enforce its demand even though Venezuela stands alone 

without the aid of a single ally? Some three years ago our Government· 

presented by its State Department a similar alternative to Mexieo if she 

refused to settle the boundary dispute with Guatemala. Happily, 

Guatemala acknowledged herself in the wrong and settled upon Mexico's 

basis and all difficulty was averted. The Chilian affair is fresh in the 

mind of the Senate and the humiliation which every American felt 

when the Chilian ironclad steamed into San Francisco Bay, peacefully 

it is true, but with the ocular demonstration that Chili might have 

bombarded or laid San Francisco under contribution by means of that 

one vessel ~d this great nationhadnotthepower to prevent it. These 

may be considered small affairs, but out of a number of small things 

great matters grow. From small affairs great wars sometimes come. 

IBXITATION OF EUBOPKAN lllONABClUES. 

I will not mention the slight European complications which have 

recently attracted the attention at least of some thoughtful men in 

the United States, and which, though insignificant, almost puerile, 

gave evidence of an irritated state of feeling toward the United States 

in some of the most powerful European states. The marvelous growth 

ofthis nation-its wonderful success in the experiment of free government; its steady progress in education, in the arts, in science, and in all 

development which makes a people great and powerful-has awakened 

a spirit of jealousy in the minds of monarchical and imperial rulers 

~f European states toward us as a government. The example of the 

United States is spreading the contagion of liberty and freedom through-· 

out the world, and that example is regarded as a menace to aristo-

(!rat.ic governments. Our diplomatic correspondence shows a disposition on the part of some European rulers at least to cavil and find fault 

with our Government upon but slight pretext, and to hold us responsible for some of the disorders which crop out in their local systems 

for the government of their own people. All careful observers have 

seen and noted the captious disposition shown of late toward the United 

.States by more than one of the European powers in the treatment of 

international questions of slight importance. Should international 

questions of great moment arise between our Goverment and any European government, we may expect to find the rulers of most of the 

monarchies oftheOld World in combination against us. Whenever the 

.opportunity occurs to curb the power, interrupt the progress, and humiliate the pride of this nation, it is but reasonable to expect that those 

_governments which view the rapidly advancingpowerofthis wonderful 

nation of the West with concern will utilize the occasion. I would 

have this country prepared, always ready, and well-equipped, notonly 

for her defense, but for offensive and aggressive war. I would not 

wait preparation, so as to be perpetually on the defensive. 

THE GLORY OF THE NATION. 

It would be glorious to see again her swift merchant ships moving 

-upon the waters of every sea, great argosies laden with the riches of 

-every clime, and carrying the commerce of half the world; her Navy 

.strong, full-armed, proudly bearing the flag of the Union into every 

port, commanding the attention and conquering the respect of all mankind. 

The Senate has sought to build a navy. The people demand it; the 

national interests require it; the national honor, the spirit of progress, 

the general welfare alike call for it. The only objection to the action 

-of the Senate is that we did not go far enough. We should have 

added to the bill an appropriation for building two first-class iron-clad 

vessels of war! The Senate should now adhere to its amendments. It 

-should not falter or hesitate. Its judgment is right. It should have 

the courage of its opinion and stand to the right. It bas been said 

that adhering to the Senate amendments is coercion of the House. · It 

is in no offensive sense coercion. If to do right, to do that which the 

national interest demands, to perform a patriotic duty is coercion, that 

·sort of coercion will be not otilypardoned but applauded by the Amer-

·ican people. 

Mr. President, I oppose the mption to recede from the amendment 

·put upon the naval bill last night, and advocate, on the contrary, our -insistence upon it. Let it go to· a conference, and if the House still 

insists I would take the regular naval appropriation bill from the hooks 

upon which the conference have hung it, and attempt to come to a solution of the questions raised by the conference. For one I am prepared 

and ready to stay here and insist upon the performance of this patriotic 

.duty until the winter snows come. 

MESSAGE FROM . THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by :Mr. CLARK, its 

.clerk, announced that the House had passed a resolution instructing 

the Clerk of the House to inform the Senate and the President of the 

United States that the House had elected Hon. J. C. S. BLACKBU:&N, a 

Representative from the State of Kentucky, to serve as Speaker protemyo'rc during the present temporary absence of Hon. J. G. CARLISLE, 

Speaker. 

XV-38o 

ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. 

The message also announced that the Speaker pro temporeoftbe House 

had signed the enrolled bill(H. R. 7069) making appropriations for the 

legislative, executive, and judicial expenses of the Government for the 

fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, and for other purposes; and it was 

thereupon signed by the President pro tempore. 

APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE NAVY. 

'fhe PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. GARLAND in the chair). The question is on the motion of the Senator from Maine [Mr. HALE] that the 

Senate recede from it amendment to the House bill as to appropriations for the naval service. 

Mr . .MORGAN. 1[r. President, I did not expect that when the 

amendment which was put on the bill yesterday and which the House 

has failed to concur in came pack to us it would present the occasion 

for a political debate. Not having such an expectation I am not prepared to enter fully into the subject and answer all the various political or party propositions which were advanced by the Senator from 

California. I regret that the Senator has taken this occasion to make 

what I conceive to be an unjust assault upon a political party, and I 

think I can show in a very brief time that the Senator's attitude upon 

this question as disclosed in his remarks is not justified by the facts or 

demanded by the occasion. 

• The arraignment which he makes of the ruling powers of this country in respect of its present unfortunate condition of defenselessness is 

perhaps not overdrawn; but when the Senator assumes that the Democratic party has become suddenly responsible for evils which have 

b~n growing up for the last twenty or twenty-five years I think that 

he departs from tp_e record, and draws his indictment against a party 

that is not liable to be put upon its plea, or answer, or defense in respect of these matters. Instead of inserting the Honse of Representatives or the Democratic party as the party defendant in his indictment 

they ought to be stricken out and three Republican Presidents and 

three or four Secretaries of State and Secretaries of the Navy ought to 

be included in place of the Democrats who were not willing to concur 

with the Senator in completing at this time the 1\Ionadnock, which lies 

in the harbor of San Francisco. That ship was in process of construction under appropriations made by Congress when a Republican Secretary of the Navy arrested the construction and prevented the application of the money, because, I think, be believed that the arrangements 

which were in progress for its completion were not justified by honor 

and fidelity to public trusts, that money was being extravagantly expended in that direction which ought not to be so expended. 

The question of the influence which the American Government ought 

to exercise upon any transcontinental line of ship communication betweell the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans is one that has been strictly 

in the keeping of the Republican party at least for the last twenty-five 

years. I had not supposed, until I heard the remarks of the Senator 

from California this morning, that there was involved in the policy 

which we are to pursue in that part of the world an element of belligerency which would necessarily involve the United States in a war; 

but I take it that when the honorable Senator, the chairman of the 

Committee on Foreign Relations, who occupies a very important position in this body and in the Government, assume~ that the solution of 

the questions in the Isthmus of Panama is to be controlled by our 

power to conduct war be takes a step very far in advance of anything 

that has been indicated or intimated by those who conduct the diplomatic relations of this country. - -

I had looked on with a good deal of respect and commendation at 

the course of the present Secretary of State iu debating with success 

with Lord Granville and other diplomatic functionaries the right of the 

United States to be recognized as ha>ing a vital, moral, political, and 

material interest in the solution of those questions. I had seen the 

Clayton-Bulwer treaty, which bas been an obstruction to proper American authority and American influence in that quarter, successfully 

argued out of the way of the present Secretary of State, and I had seen 

what I con'cluded was a final determination on the part of that Department, of the Government to consider that the Clayton-Bulwer treaty 

had been abrogated in effect by the conduct of the Government of 

Great Britain; that although no formal notice had been issued of ouv withdrawal from the supposed obligations that it imposed npon us, yet 

that our Government had taken an attitude in respect of it which freed us from any obligation which it did impose upon us and left the field 

entirely free to be occupied by the United States Go>ernment in such 

manner a it might choose to do in the future. 

I felt very much gratified to know that these great results were 

about to be accomplished without involving any question of belligerency between governments, any necessity for a resort to war, or any 

occasion for making any threat of that character to be connected with 

questions of this kind upon the floor of the Senate . 

I must ay that I consider the remarks of the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations as being very unfortunate in the existing 

state of affairs. While I have been all the time in favor of the Government putting itself in a condition where it was the equal of any 

other government in the world in respect of aggressive or defensive 

--

( 

; 
6162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. JULY 7, 

powers, and have so indicated by every vote I have given in the Senate, 

it has not been done in the expectation that there was immediately 

pending any occasion for us to use powers like these in dealing with 

the great governments of the world. 

I believe that we owe this duty of making defensive preparations to 

the dignity and honor of our own Government and to its permanent 

security, but I did not suppose when I was giving votes of such a character that I was preparing for an event which now seems to be threatened, or too freely assumed, a warlike collision between the United 

States and foreign powers. Has this been the effect of the nomination 

recently made at Chicago? Are we to understand that that nomination, 

followed up by this belligerent dedaration on the part of the chairman 

of the Committee on Foreign Relations, is to be interpreted as a threat 

of war against the world, and that, too, when our diplomatic correspondence and movements are so very successful in their moral influence and power as to give an earnest hope to the country that we shall 

succeed in doing all that we ought to do for the protection of the honor 

and the interests of our people without ever firing a. gun, or even preparing to :fire one? 

More than four years ago I had the honor to introduce a resolution 

into the Senate touching the rights and duties of the American Government in respect ofthe Isthmus of Panama and the waterways that 

were then about to be constructed to connect- the two oceans. That 

declaration was brief and simple. In substance it was only this-it 

is not now before me and I can not quote the language of it-that no 

ship-canal connecting the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans across the Isthmus of Darien ought tope built exooptwith the consent ofthe American Government; in other words, that we had, not in virtue of the 

Monroe doctrine merely, but in virtue of the physical construction of 

this continent, the right to say that whoever attempted to open a channel for ships between the oceans and thereby change the whole geography of the coast line of this hemisphere, owed it to the people of 

the United States, and to the influence which we exercise in government in this hemisphere and in commerce throughout the world, to come to us and to consult us as to whetber we were willing that that 

change should be made. Could one assume that a foreign government 

would interfere and claim the right to dig a canal across the Penin-

~:~'Ula of Florida to connect the ocea,ns? The material questio~ is of 

greater value arid importance to us in respect of our rights acl."'SS 

the Isthmus of Panama than it would be across the Peninsula of Florida. For that reason, if for no other or better or higher ·reason, I 

would demand that whoever undertakes to connect the oceans across 

that isthmus by water ways should come to the United States and understand from us distinctly in advance whether we consented to it or 

not. 

That resolution went to the Committee on Foreign Relations. It 

was reported back favorably to this body, and the Senate took no further notice ofit. The subject was not urged in theSenatefor the reason that it was then understood that the ground was being surveyed 

and measured and considered very carefully by the diplomatic functionaries of this Government to ascertain precisely in wha.t plight and 

condition our rights had been left in consequence of the treaties that 

we have with foreign powers. Thereafter, finding that we were making successful progress by diplomacy and by correspondence in the re- moval of the barriers which a false and an unfortunate diplomacl had 

heretofore erected about this question, I was e9ntent to allow the 

Government to move quietly along and successfully, as I believe it has 

been doing, to the solution of these troubles and the removal of these 

difficulties. 

Now it appears that we are to have a change of policy; that while 

neither the Senate nor the House has been called upon for a declaration of policy upon this subject or an expression of national sentiment, 

desire, and demand upon this question, we are to have now, in a measure for the building and completion of ships of war, the preparation for 

the forcible solution of this matter, and from that the people of this country, and not this alone but other countries, will be apt to inferthatthe 

United States are preparing not for peace but for war. 

. I am for making all due and necessary preparations either for peace or for war, and I believe that to prepare our seacoast defenses, our torpedo system, our heavy-armored-ship system, our corsair fleet, are all 

material elements in the combined forces with which we ought to 

stand ready to protect ourselves, or make aggression in case of insult 

or outrage upon our flag or our commerce by other nations. 

I have sustained with my vote all that is required now, and will go 

still further in order to secure all of these necessary arrangements for 

the security of the peace of the world as well as for the protection of 

the hE>nor of the people and flag of the United States, but I must confess 

that I feel some astonishment when the attitude which I have occupied 

upon this floor in connection with Republican Senators is to be construed into one of preparation for belligerent events and for the results 

of war.. If the House of Representatives· had an apprehension of the 

actual existence of a state of feeling in the Senate which has been typi- fied in the remarks of the Senator from California, they did right to stop 

until they knew the ground that we were occupying here. They did 

right not to commit theJllselves into the hands of a political party in 

this country who find· it necessary, it appears, to make a threat of war 

against the world in order to animate the American people to sustain 

·them in some new adventure in politics. The House did right to stand 

by the peace-loving people of the United States, by its commerce, by its 

quiet and peaceful homesteads and firesides, and by the still unshed 

bloodof its people, and to say, "We are not going to commit ourselves 

rashly and unnecessarily upon an appropriation biij. to acts which you 

interpret as being necessary to conduct a foreign war, contemplated if' 

not impending. 

I do not regret any vote that I have given on this question. I even 

voted to place a new statute for tbe construction of the new cruisers. 

upon an appropriation bill, and in doing that I was supposed to have 

made some departure from the fixed principles of the party to which I 

have the honor to belong. I did it for two reasons. The first was that 

I thought, having a pl~thoric Treasury, we could well spend a portion of 

that money in the building of cruisers in order to keep it out of political 

jobs. Another reason was that I believed, and have always believed, 

that under the peculiar relations which the Army and the Navy bear 

to the other departments of the United States Government as indicated 

in the letter of the Co~titution itself it is the right and privilege oi 

either of the Houses to provide not merely for the maintenance and support of the Army and Navy, but to provide for their complete equipment upon an appropriation bill as well as upon a general legislativ~ 

measure. I would not vote to introduce matters that affect the legislative department, the executive department, or the judicial department of the Government upon an army or a navy bill; but I would 

just as readily vote for building a ship of war when I find it necessary 

to do so as a part of the maintenance of the Navy as I would to supply 

cartridge-boxes to the soldiers after some conflagration had destroyed a part of that particular equipment. 

I have always considered that a ship was a necessary part oftheout!-

:fi.t and the equipment of the officers and marines and sailors of the Navy, 

that therefore it was not within the spirit, at least, of the rules of the 

two })odies, which I so highly value, that exclude legislation of a general character from appropriation bills. I have found it impossible in, 

.my own mind to draw the lfue of demarkation in the Army or NavY' 

appropriation bill at the point where we must stop providing an equip--

ment and providing supplies and providing support for these two arms: 

of the military service, and not being able to define the line precisely,_ 

I do not consider that I transgress this proper rule of practice when I 

vote to build a ship as I would vote to buy a thousand cavalry horses. 

for the purpose of carrying a brigade or a regiment of cavalry across the· 

continent to some point where they might be usefully employed or· where they might be needed. · 

For these re.asons I have overcome what otherwise in my mind is a verystrong objection to putting measures of a general nature upon appropriation bills, and I have sincerely voted with the committee and with. 

the majority in this body on both occasions for the purpose of main-. 

taining and rebuilding the Navy. But, sir, I never did this in view of· 

the fact that it was a part of the policy of this Government to make· 

threats of hostility against foreign powers in order to getwhatwe suppose to be our righU:i. We have no need to go to that extent. The- moral attitude of the Government of the United States is sufficiently· 

good to give to its influence throughout the nations of this earth all thestrength that I think that we 1;1eed to claim for .it. Time after time 

this has been evidenced in a most gratifying way. The nations of theworld who have witnessed the terrible struggle of our civil war and 

have seen the Government rise triumphant from that struggle and haveseen it within a period of twenty years assume such a political condition, a condition of such perfect quiet and repose as that it can consider the most minute rights of any human being in the United States. 

with deliberation and composure-those who have witnessed these grand 

results are prepared to bt'lieve that there is something in the American • 

chara-cter, something in American institutions, stronger than the enginery of WM", stronger than ships, and stronger than armies. 

We have no occasion to distrust our influence or our power. There· is nothing in the recent history Of the United States that makes it neces- sary that we should suppose that our moral or political influence is to . be in any wise increased by the mere tact that we may have a great navy 

or a great army ready organized and equipped for S(lrvice. I acknowledge, as I did in the outsetofmyremarks, that it is one of the necessaryparts of the promsions for government that we should be armed to a suitable degree and that we should have the means of arming ourselves in 

the best possible style and on the shortest notice. We should ba ve founderies where we could make our own gun.<~, guns of great power, as rapidly and as perfectly as any other nation of the earth can do. We should 

have ship-yru-ds where we can build steel and iron ships a rapidly and 

efficiently as any other nation. We should make our preparations in 

that direction, and it is very much more important that we should have a perfect state of preparation for the purpose of building ships and gun ·. to arm them and to· arm the seacoast defenses than it is that we should 

have a navy constructed immediately and sent afloat upon the sea. 

Btill I want an efficient navy; I vote for a, navy; but I repeat that I 

do not want it as a hostile threat against mankind ; I want it for the, 

purpose of keeping the pea-ce so far as we are concerned among the na-. 
1884. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 6163 

tions ; I want it for the purpo e of showing the nations of the earth 

that we are in a state of preparation, not to aggress, but in ~ state of 

thorough preparation for defense. 

The PRESIDL.~G OFFICER. The question is on the motion of the 

Senator from l!Iaine [Mr. HALE]. 

Mr. CONGER. I move that the Senate insist upon its amendment 

and ask for a committee of conference, and I desire to be heard on that 

proposition. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. ThemotioriofthcSenator from Maine 

will take precedence of the motion of the Senator from Michigan. The 

motion of the Senator from Uaine is that the Senate recede from its 

amendment. 

Mr. CONGER. Mr. President, without one single effort, without even having asked the House to consider the amendment of the Senate, 

it is proposed, without a committee of conference, to recede from an amendment adopted by the Senate, an amendment adopted and which 

it was necessary to adopt in order that the bill might go forward without objection yesterday. Now, sir, I shall be unwilling to have this 

motion made and carried without expressing in some manner the sentiment of the Senate on that question. 

As I said yesterday, I think the country has a right to know why the 

Senate gives up a point of this kind which every Senator here thinks 

ought to be insisted upon, except that some Senators are tired of staying here and desire to· leave as others have left, except that the mere fear of having it disclosed that there is not a quorum of Senators here 

is u ed as a means to prevent the expression of the sentiment of Senators by their votes on the yeas and nays and the record being made. It eems that condition is to deter those who desire an expression of sentiment, who. desire to push this matter further, from using the ordinary 

parliamentary means to compel such a vote and to compel such a record. 

Let a committee of conference be reported; let the committee of con- ference understand what the will of the Senate is and not say beforehand that it is no use to try further. No committee of conference of 

the House would yield to a demand of the Senate if it was announced 

to them beforehand that the Senate was carel~ about it, that the 

Senate was ready to recede almo t without trial. 

Sir, the good faith of this Government, the obligations of Senators 

here are involved in this proposition, and it is no !:!light matter. If it 

be so under the rules that the motion to recede takes precedence, there 

is no alternative left but to call the yeas and nays and see what theresult will be. I think it is better to have a committee of conference; I 

think it is better without going to the extreme measure which I have 

suggested in the present condition of the Senate, that that point be 

yielded and that we make at least one more manly and honorable effort 

to ecure the adoption of the amendment by the House. 

HENRIETTA M. SANDS. 

Mr. BLAIR. I a k unanimous consent at this time that .an accident 

in our legislation may be rectified. House bill 4297, for the relief of 

Henrietta M. Sands, came to the Senate and was referred to the Committee on Pensions. Previous to that time a bill which was reported 

from the Senate Committee on Pensions for the same purpose had passed 

the Senate, but there is no prospect whatever of its becoming a law by 

receiving the anction of the House. I designed to have substituted the 

House bill for the Senate bill, but I failed to do so accidentally. I ask 

now unanimous consent that the bill (H. R. 4297) for the relief of Henrietta M. Sands may be put upon its passage, and I will see that the 

other is indefinitely po tponed. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Hampshire 

from the Committee on Pensions asks to be discharged from the further consideration of a certain bill than he has indicated. Is there obj ection? The Chair hears none and it is o ordered. From the arne 

committee the Senawr from New Hamp hirereportsfavorablyaHouse 

bill which will now he read. 

The bill (H. R. 4297) for the relief of Henrietta M. Sands was by 

unanimous consent considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro- vides for the payment out of the naval pension fund to Henrietta M. 

Sands, widow of the late Rear-Admiral Benjamin F. Sands of 0 per 

month during her widowhood, in lieu. of her present pension. 

The bill was reported to the 'enate without amendment; ordered to a. third reading, read the third time, and pa ed. · 

APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE NAVY. 

l\Ir. HALE. I hope we may have a vote now on my motion. 

is the only matter that is delaying adjourment. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the motion submitted hy the Senator from Maine, that the Senate recede from its amendment to the bill (H. R. 7509) making temporary provision for the naval 

service. · 

Mr. HAWLEY. I make no apology for delaying the Senate a few 

moments, for I consider the question serious, and I am dispo ed to submit a few remarks in the nature of a protest against this proceeding. . There is no patriotic American who denies the necessity for a navy. 

When I say that !.have no reference to any immediate probability or 

possibility of war, I say it upon the general principle that a nation can not afford to be without one. We must have the possibility of 

choosing between war and peace, and a nation that has no navy and no 

means of aggressive or defensive action is unable to make a choice. Its 

only alternative is peace. 

I concur with the Senator from California in saying that I want no war. God forbid that we should ever see it again. But there are some things worse than any war, and one of them is a cowardly peace. 

If I did not think it a duty to say it I would be ashamed to say we 

have no resource left but a cowardly peace inca e of a serious quarrel 

with any nation. The element of force should be behind the National 

Government in its external relations as it is behind the States and the 

counties in their domestic affairs. Wherever a sheriff goes with a war- rant he has behind him the possibility of the colonel and the regiment 

of the county. A humpbacked and crippled sheriff lays his little finger on the strongest man of the county and says," Come with me~" If 

rioters assemble, the sheriff ealls for the colonel and the regiment and 

they enforce his command. You. may praise human nature as .much as you please, but no law is worth anything in any government that has 

ever been organized yet unless it has behind the law the possibility of 

force. · 

In our external affairs we are absolutely without the sanction of force 

not only to compel the recognition of our rights but to defend our- elves. I did not understand the Senator from California to threaten 

war. Nobody who hashad. an experienceofwar, who haslivedto:maturity in this country in politics or in war, is ever in the habit of threatening war, and nobody will suspect the United States of a desire to 

threaten it under present circumstances. 

I wish, I say, to be able to choose,and therefore I want a navy. The 

Senate has done well. It has largely disregarded any possible element 

of partisanship in these discussions. Practically unanimously the 

Senate has voted to add seven ships of war to our Navy, and when that 

bill went from m and to all appearance went down into a bottomless 

well, then the Senate putthe seven-ships bill upon the naval appropriation bill. I hold that it had an entire right to do so, that it was legitimate and proper, and germane to the bill. An appropriation to 

continue the supply of shoes for the Army does not mean an appropriation to black and to mend the old shoes, but it means the possibility of buying new shoes. The app.ropriation bill is intended to 

maintain a navy of the United States, and the work of maintaining a navy is not alone the work of repairing the old ships but the necessity 

and duty of supplying new ships for those that are destroyed. 

The Senator from Delaware repeated an ancient remark about the 

$379,000,000 that have been spentwithinsomeeighteenortwentyyears 

for our Navy and asked who was to blame that we could not show a navy at the end of this time. That Senator has probably spent fifteen or twenty thousand dollars during his 50 years of life in clothing himself. 

Why, therefore, should he order a. new suit of clothes~:. He has consumed many tons of food and drink in the course of his life. Why, · therefore, should he order dinner to-day? Has he not had enough? 

The logic in one case is exadly as good as the logic in the other. 

Wepu.t the seven-ships bill upon the appropriation bill, as I hold we had a right to do. The upshot of the controversy, notwithstanding 

the wisdom and patriotism with which the Senate has conducted itself, 

and with which the Appropriations Committee and the conference committee have conducted themselves, is that we have not only lost our seven-ships bill and failed to get any increase of the Navy, but we have 

absolutely laid before us here a proposition to take back $170,000 already given. Sir, there are some homely stories of this day as good as the fables of 1Esop or Abraham Lincoln, and among them the one re- lating ro the traveling clergyman who passed his hat in the congrega- · tion to pay his traveling expenses, and got back his hat and thanked 

the Lord for it. We have lost our hat. 

I do not know what it is right to do under the circumstances. I 

would rather drop this pending bill, take up theregular appropriation 

bill (which it is proposed to send over to December), and recede from our amendment incorporating therein the seven-ships bill, and not 

bed · en back here; and thusavoid beingcompelled tocapitulatewith 

the oss of "'170, 000 in a cause that we believe to be righteous and that w know the country will sustain. I wish that our leaders on the Apopriations Committee would consent to that course. The Senate has 

already put the responsibility where it belongs. We have passed and sent to the House an independent bill providing for seven new s}4ps; 

we are not to blame if there be no increase to the Navy. N"o matter 

where the blame is, it is not with us, and we should stand in a much 

better condition in my opinion than we do now in the proposed attitude 

of having been driven away from an increase of the Navy and abandoning $170,000 already appropriated to com p ete the only ironclad upon 

the Pacific coast. 

The PRESIDING OFFIGER. The question is upon the motion of 

the Senator from Uaine. 

l\Ir. HALE. Only one single word. Nothing with reference to this 

ingle item as to the money for the l\Ionadnock, in California, would be 

gained by going to the naval appropriation bilL The Rouse has put a clause into that bill appropriating it in other directions, and the Sen-
6164 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 7, 

ate conferees wouid be confronted with the same difficulty that there 

is here·. 

I am sorry that I can not agree with Senators as to the effect of this 

bill. I believe a. substantial gain is in it over and above anything we 

could do by going to the naval appropriation bill. That is my view 

upon some study and investigation of the whole subject-matter, and I 

think it wise now not to continue the question of controversy further 

with the House, but to recede. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is upon the motion of 

the Senator from Maine that the Senate recede from its amendment. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Mr. HALE. I now submit the conference report UJ>On the naval 

appropriation bill. 

The report was read, as follows: 

The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate, except the one numbered 41A to the bill (H. R. 

4716) making appropriations for the naval service for the nscal year ending 

.June 80, 1885, and for other purposes, having met, after full and free conference 

have been unable to agree. EUGENE HALE, 

.JOHN A. LOGAN, 

.JAS. B. BECK, 

Managars on the part of the Senate. 

SAM . .J. R.A.li.'DALL, 

W. S. HOL IAN, W. H. CALKINS, 

Managers on the part of the House. 

FIN A.L ADJOURNMENT. 

Mr. ALLISON. I report back from the Committee on Appropriations a concurrent resolution of the House of Representatives with an 

amendment. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resolution will be read. 

The Chief Clerk read as follows: 

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the Presi 

dent of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representative declare their 

respective Houses adjourned sine die at 3 p.m. Monday, June 30,1884. 

The amendment of the Committee on Appropriations 'was, in line 3, 

to strike out "3 " and insert " 1; " and in line 10 to strike out "June 

30" and insert "July 7; " so as to make the resolution read: 

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives declare their 

respective Houses adjourned sine die a.t 1 p.m. Monday, .July 7,1884. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the amendment 

proposed by the Committee on Approp.riations. . . Mr. CONGER. Will the Senator inform us whether Within that 

time all the bills will be prepared and an opportunity given to act on 

them? 

Mr. ALLISON: I think so. Mr. COCKRELL. I will suggest that there was an error in the enrollment of the cqnsular and diplomatic bill, and it may take some 

little time to correct it. I do not know how long it will take, but it 

is in process of correction. I think we had better let the matter remain until we get through with that. 

Mr. SHERMAN. I think it is important to fix the hour now, even 

if we fix it at 2 o'clock, because some other bminess has got to be done 

after the time is fixed. 

Mr. ALLISON. Then I move to amend the amendment so as to 

make the time 2 o'clock. . Mr. SHERl\1AN. The Senate must take a little time to communicate with the President. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to sub tituting "2 

· o'clock ,, for "1 1' in the amendment? The Chair hears no objection, 

and that change will be made. 

The amendment as mollified was agreed to. 

The resolution as amended was concurred in. 

THAKKS TO THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE. 

Mr. BAYARD. Mr. President, I offer the following re olution and 

ask its present consideration: • 

Resolved, That the thanks of the Senate are due, and hereby are tender~d., to Hon. GEORGE F. EDMUND , a Senator from the State of Ve~ont1 for the ab~bty , 

courtesy, atid impartiality w:ith which he has f~ed hLS duties as President pro tempore of the Senate.durrng the present sess10n. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER (l\1r. GARLAND in the chair). Is the 

Senate ready for the question on thi resolution? 

The resolution was unanimou ly agreed to. 

The Chief Clerk read the resolution as follows: 

lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, July 5, 1884. 

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the &nate concurring), That the President be requested to return to the House of Representatives,tn which it origi- nated, the bill (H. R. 6770) making appropriations for the consular and diplomatic service of the Gove.rnment for thefiscal year ending .June 30,1885, and forother 

purposes. 

Mr. COCKRELL. I will simply state the fa<lt that by mistake 

amendment No. 166, authorizing the President to appoint three commissioners to visit the South American States, in the enrollment of the 

bill was left out, and this is simply to recall the bill from the President 

that the error may be corrected. I ask that the resolution be adopted. 

The resolution was concurred in. 

PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. 

:Mr. BROWN presented a memorial of residents of Americus, Sumter 

County, Georgia, remonstrating against the enactment of any measure relating to the telegraph which shall increase the number of public 

officials or establish a go'\"ernmental monopoly of the telegraph buslness, &c. ; w:hich was ordered to lie on the table . 

NOTIFICATION TO THE PRESIDEKT . 

:Mr. SHERMAN. I offer for adoption the following resolution: 

Resolved, That a committee of two members of the Senate be appointed, to join 

such committee as may be appointed by the House of Representatives, to wait upon the President of the United States and inform him that Congress, having fin~hed its business, is now ready to close its session by adjournment. 

The resolution was agreed to. 

Mr. SHERMAN. I move that the Chair appoint the committee on the part of the Senate. 

The PRESIDING OFFICE~. Is there objection? The Chair hears 

none. The Chair appoints the Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN] and 

the Senator from Delaware [Mr. BAYARD]. _ 

IGYA.L SERVICE, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, AND COAST SURVEY. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair will announce an appointment in pursuance of the provisions of the ''act making appropriations 

for sundry ciru expenses of the Government for the :fiscal year endihg 

June 30, 1885, and for other purposes." Provision is there made for 

a joint commission, tQ consist of three Senators, to be appointed by the 

President of the Senate, and three members of the House, to be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, to consider the 

questi n of the present organizations of the Signal Service, Geological 

Surv , Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the Hydrographic ~ce of the 

Na Department, &c. The Chair appoints Senator ALLISON of Iowa, 

Se tor HALE of Maine, and enator PEl\""DLETON of Ohio members of 

t e commission on the part of the enate. 

A.PPROPRIATIOKS FOR FISCAL YEAR 188.5. 

Mr. ALLISON. ~1r. Pre.:~ident, as the appropriation bills for the 

fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, have now passed both Houses, I desire to present to the Senate a statement of the amounts appropriated 

in the respective bills, which statement will also cover the bills as reported from the Committee on Appropriations of the House, as they 

passed the House, as they were reported from the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, and also as they passed the Senate, and present 

the amounts appropriated as these bills have finally passed both Houses. 

I call attention at this time, before making the general statement, 

to the fact that four of these appropriation bills came to the Senate 

during the months of June and July, two of them the most important 

bills of the session, namely, the legislative, executive, and judicial appropriation bill, which wa submitted to the Senate on the 2d day of 

June, and the sundry ciru bill, which came to the Senate on the 23d 

day. of June. The deficiency bill also was presented to the Senate 

during that month, on the 17th, and the fortification bill never came 

to the Senate till the 2d day of July, and was then referred to the 

Committee on Appropriations. 

I mention this as a justification in some ense of the apparent hurry 

of the Committee on Appropriations with regard to the e bills. The 

time of adjournment baring been fixed by a general understanding that we hould close the ession early in July, it was necessary for the Committee on Appropriations to make unusual exertions to bring in the ·e bill . 

The general statement I now ubmit is made up of the re ult of the 

nriou appropriation bills. The appropriatioru of this year are in excess of appropriations of last year $22,000,000. I should, however, 

explain that while the direct appropriation of last year for pensions 

was S 6,5i5 000, the direct appropriation for pensions this year is only 

MES AGE FRO}! THE HOU E. '20,810,000, but there is aric;led to that pecific appropriation a reapA message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its propriation of the balances for the fiscal years 1 3 and 1884, amountClerk, announced that the House had passed a concurrent resolution ing in the aggregate to 66,000,000. This added to the 20,810,000 

requesting the President to return to the House of Representatives, in makes in all . 6,810,000 for 1 5, which makes the excess this year, 

which it had originated,lthe bill (H. R. 6770) making appropriations as I have stated, $22,000,000. 

for the consular and diplomatic ervice of the Government for the :fiscal To be entirely accurate I should add tli.at there was reappropriated 

year ending June 30 1885, and for other purposes. also last year $39,000,000, none of which was used, as the direct apMr. COCKRELL.' I ask that the House resolution be laid .before propriation of last year was $27,000,000 in excess of the requirements 

the Senate and acted on. It is to correct a clerical error. I of the Pension Office. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resolution will be laid before the The $39,000,000 and the unused $27,000,000 of last year constitute 

Senate. the $66,000,000 reappropriated this year; charging the $39,000,000 to 
1884._ 

\ 

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_SENATE. 6165 

· last yeax, and adding it to the direct appropriations of that year, would 

make the appropriations for pensions of 1884 $125,575,000. This sum 

added to the remainder of appropriations of last year would make the 

total 269,187,096.90 for 1884 as against $259,201,087.13, or an excess 

last year over this of 10,000,000. These pension appropriations, however, excluded wholly from the calculation, and also excluding the 

extraordinary or miscellaneous appropriations for both years, and taking 

into the fourteen regular appropriations for the two years and comparing them, it will be seen that the appropriations for this year, 1885, are 

in round numbers 22,000,000 more than the appropriations for 1884; 

and excluding rivers and harbors, for which no appropriation was made 

lwt yeax, the excess for 1885 over1884is$8,000,000in roundnumbers. 

In stating this aggregate I only include what is comprised in the 

fourteen regular appropriation bills and what are known as miscellaneous appropriations. I hould say that the excess of appropriations 

this year over the appropriations of last year arises partly from the fact 

that last year we had no bill respecting rivers and harbors, while this 

year we have a bill for the improvement of rivers and harbors amounting in the aggregate to $14,000.000, or nearly that sum; I believe in 

exact numbers about 13,909,000. But in addition to these appropriations that appear in the regular appropriation bills, the miscellaneous 

appropriations of this year have been largely in excess of those made 

last year. Some of these I will specifY. Some of them arise of course 

from legislation of last year and others arise from independent 1~­

lation had at this session. 

The tobacco rebate amounts to $4,000,000 in round numbers; the 

improvement of the Mississippi River, which was a special ap-propriation made in the early stages of the session, to$1,000,000; the World's 

Cotton Centennial Exposition, 1,000,000; but in this of course I do 

not include the amount appropriated in the sundry civil bill for the 

representation of the Government Departments at the exposition. Then 

there is an i tern of half a million dollars for sewerage in the District of 

Columbia. The various speciftc sums for miscellaneous purposes amount 

in the aggregate to $9,163,544. 

The Senator from Kansas [Mr. INGALLS] reminds me that we have 

appropriated also for the relief of sufferers by the overflows. Those 

amount in the aggregate to $500,000, although there are several specific appropriations. 

As I stated before, the appropriation this year for pensions is nominally $20,810,000, while the appropriation last year for pehsions was 

$86,575,000. But in addition to this specific appropriation for this 

year we have apprepriated the unexpended balances of the laat two 

years, amounting to $66,000,000; so that in reality the appropriation 

this year for pensions is about the same as the appropriation last year. 

I desire to call attention to some of the specific matters contained 

in these bills, and I will name them in the order they are named in the 

general statement which I will hand to the Reporter for insertion in the 

RECORD. The Military Academy bill for this year is $4,000 less than 

it was last. This reduction arose from the fact that there were some 

repairs necessary to be made last year, which have been made, so that 

an expenditure for them is not needed now. The fortification bill this 

year is $30,000 more than it was last year. It was $670,000 last year; 

it is $700,000 now; so that there has been an increase of 30,000in that 

appropriation. 

The consular and diplomatic bill of last year appropriated $1,296,000, 

which included in it 75,000 for the winding up of the French Claims 

Commission, which was not in reality an appropriation for the regular 

consular and diplomatic service. The appropriation this year, 1885, is 

1,214,000, or really $7,000 less than the appropriation of last year; 

and here I should say as I pass that the Committee on Appropriations 

of the Senate _reported to the S~nate an increase of nearly $500,000 beyond the amount actually found in the bill as it passed. This increase 

is found in two items, one relating to foreign intercourse, an item of 

$250,000, which the House have rejected with full knowledge of the 

great public importance of that appropriation; and the other an item 

of 224,000 which the House rejected, although we have an absolute 

treaty stipulation with Mexico which requires that we shall resurvey 

and remark the boundary line from the Rio Grande to the PaeificOcean 

between the United States and 1\Iexico. Notwithstanding this treaty 

·tands there and we are bound to make that survey, and notwithstanding the fact that th.e estimate of the cost of it amounts to $224,000, the 

House ofRepresentatives refuse to make the appropriation. 

As to the naval bill, it is impossible for us to state with any accuracy 

what the appropriation will be for the next year; therefore -I have 

assumed in the calculation I make that the appropriation for that purpose this year will not be in excess of last year. 

The Post-Office bill, which is the sixth in the order, last year appropriated ~4,489,000; this year, 1885, for the same purposes, there is 

appropriated $48,975,000, or an increase of over three and a half millions. I will say here with reference to this bill that the appropriation 

for the postal service, as originally reported to the House by its committee, wasnearlytwomillions in excessofthe appropriation oflast year. 

Mr. CONGER. The Senator stated that the appropriation for the 

naval service was about the same as last year. The Senator I suppose 

will recollect that the bill that was passed appropriated only for six 

months, and therefore it conld have been only half the amount. 

Mr. ALLISON. I ought to have stated, but I supposed it was 

familiar to the Senate, that owing to the fad that disagreement seemed 

to be necessary in reference to the general bill, the bill as finally passed 

both Houses only appropriated for six months, from J nly 1 to J a.nnary 

1; but I assume (though I may be wrong in this) that next winter our 

friends in the House will be quite as liberally disposed in regard to the 

Navy as they have been at this session. 

:Mr. CONGER. I did not know but that it might be assumed that 

the appropriation for six months was equal to the appropriation of last 

year for the whole year. 

Ur. ALLISON. Oh, no; I certainlywouldnotassumethat. I take 

it for granted, 1\Ir. President, that at the next session of Congress, 

whatever there is about our naval appropriation, there can be no question of the fact that a sufficient appropriation will be made to continue 

the operations of the Navy on a scale equal to last year. 

The next bill in order is the Indian bill. The appropriations last 

year for the Indian servicewere $5,358,000; the appropriations for this 

year are $5,859,000, or an increase of $501,000. Here I may be pardoned for mentioning one fact in the presence of the Senate, as it has 

been said in many places that the Senate iu dealing with these appropriation bills deals wit.h them in a spirit of liberality, if not a spirit of 

prodigality, 'as compared with the House of Representatives. The Indian bill as it came to the Senate from the House of Representatives 

appropriated $5,456,000 for the fiscal year 1885 as against an appropriation of $5,358,000 for 1884, or an increase as the bill came to us from 

the House of about 100,000. It was increased somewhat in the Senate, and increased for a specific purpose, namely, the making of an effort 

to educate and civilize the Indian tribes bymeansofschools and other 

agencies of education. 

The Army bill is this year about $200,000, in round numbers, less 

t~ the Army bill of last year. I will not enter into details except 

to state that the appropriations for the Army last year were $24,681,000, 

and this year 24,454,000. 

The legislative, executive, and judicial bill oflast year, 1884, appropriated $20,454,000; the legislative, executive, and judicial bill for the 

year 1885 appropriates $21,426,000, or an increase of $972,000. But 

this legislative bill as it was reported to the House from the Committee on Appropriations increased the appropriation of last year about 

$300,000, so that of the amount added to the appropriation of this year 

as compared with the appropriation oflast year oBe-half was added in 

the House of Representatives before the bill came to this body; and the 

entire increase, I may say, arises from the faet that it was deemed 

wise and necessary not only by the Senate but by the House of Representatives to augment the traveling clerical force of the Pension Office. 

The Senate added amendments to this bill looking to an. increase of 

force in the Pension Office as compared with the House bill, and an 

increase of force in the Patent Office, and an increase of force in the 

Land Office, and an increase of force in the Second Auditor's Office, all 

these increases being absolutely necessary not to carry on the current 

busine:Ss of the Government alone, but for the purpose of bringing up 

the arrears of business in these great bureaus in the several Departments. Take t e Land Office for illustration, where the business is 

from one to five years in arrear. The Patent Office, the entire expense 

of which is paid by the patentees, is in arrear from two months to one 

year. It was deemed wise by the Senate Committee on Appropriations, 

and acceded to freely by the House, that these great bureaus of our 

Government shpuld have a sufficient cletical force to carry on their operations with reference to the matters they have in charge. That ae- counts for the increase in the legislative bill. 

The sundry civil bill, which is the omnium gatherum of all the Departments and of all the service of the Government not specifica1ly appropriated for in the other bills, appropriated in 1884 $23,679,000. 

The sundry ci vii bill of 1885 appropriates $22,311,000, or a reduction of 

$1,368,000. I suppose it will be claimed in some quarters that there 

is a saving of money to the Government in this reduction of appropriations; that there is a disposition to be more economical than hitherto 

with reference to these subjects, not taking into account the fact that 

this whole reduction is from items that are essentially necessary to 

carry on the ordinary operations of the Government. It seems in some 

quarters that where we are bound to make an appropriation for the 

purpose of carrying on the ordinary operations of the Government, if we postpone that appropriation from this year to next we have made a 

saving. As well might a man who had a grocer's bill· think he had 

paid it because he bad poStponed the payment of one month's bill to 

the next. 

We were compelled to reduce the sundry civil bill in conference from 

the fact that we placed on it in the Senate items of appropriation essentially necessary for carrying on the ordinary operations of the Government which the House absolutely refused to accede to. Allow me 

only to allude to some of these items, as I do not wish to go into all the 

details of the bill. I wish to refer only to items essentially necessary 

to the operations of the Government, which more than cover the reduc-. 

tion that is claimed when the sundry civil bill is compared with last 

year's bill. . Some years ago we made a treaty with France whereby we stip-.;tlated that French claims and American claims should be considered by 
' 

·. 

6166 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 7. 

a commission, and that when that commission had completed its labors 

and made awards the two Governments should make prompt payment 

of t hose awards. The French Claims Commi.'lSion closed its labors 

early t his year, and the awards payable by the United States amount 

to $625, 566._35, an absolutely ascertained sum which can not be changed 

by any operatio;n. It is the award of this commission which must remain unchanged. The House of Representatives say to us : ' 'Admitting the force and power of this treaty with a foreign government, admitting that we owe the subjects of a foreign government this sum, we 

will not pay it this year, and compel you 1:6 strike it out.'' There is 

in a single item nearly one-half the entire saving in the sundry civil 

bill as compared with the bill oflast year. 

Take another item. The Secretary of the Treasury told us that from 

the fact that· many national banks were to be converted this y.ear under a law that passed last requiring each of those banks to take out 

new circulation, becau.Se the old circulation could not be used, and under the law they must take out a distinct circulation having a different 

colored paper, it would be necessary to appropriate $40,000 more on 

that a-ccount. The House said to us in terms: "The $110,000 which 

we have appropriated for this purpose will at any rate last until December, and then we can appropriate more if necessary." So then, as 

a matter offaet, where we have a Department of the Government making an accurate and detailed estimate of what is required for the purpose of carrying on one of its operations required by law the House reduces the appropriation below the amount required $40,000. · So take the Navy. There were items of appropriation in this bill 

for the Navy. I will not go over them in detail. Take the item of a 

dry-dock at Brooklyn, where it is perfectly well known that the water 

is running in over that dock. It is essential to the Government tliat 

we have a dock there if we are to have our naval vessels put in dock at 

all. Forty-nine thousand dollars was estimated for the purpose of repairing that dock, but it was struck out. "It will do next winter." 

So take the survey of the public lands. The bill that came to us 

from the llouse of Representatives appropriated $300,000 for the sl!rvey of all the public lands of the United States. The Senate in its 

judgment believed that $450,000 was the smallest sum that could be 

profitably and economically used in the survey of our public lands in 

order to give the people who are going into the remote Territories of 

our Union an opportunity of taking hom~teads under our laws and 

making homes there Itisanotorious fact, well known to all the committees of this body having charge of that subject, that the settlements 

<>fthe Territory of Dakota and Montana are far in advance ofthe public surveys; that men are going there upon the open prairies without 

having a knowledge of the lines which will finally be drawn by the 

United States with reference to their homes. The House of Representatives say to us: " We. will not this year appropriate a sum which is 

-even approximately necessary for the surveys, but we will reduce this 

item fixed by the Senate $100,000. " "It will do next winter," as the 

Senator from Illinois [Mr. LoGAN] suggests. 

purpose of carrying on the ordinary operations of the Government, and 

appropriations which the law requires to be made and which are not 

really appropriations in the discretion of Congress. The District of 

Columbia appropriation this year is $14,000 less than last. 

The river and harbor appropriation I have poken of as amounting to 

$13,909,000. 

The general deficiency bill ofthisyear is much larger than the generaldeficiencybill of lastyear. It amountS to $6,996,616.61. The deficiencies of course are matters that ought to have been appropriated 

for before, but through mistake or otherwise the appropriations have 

not been made. Of course no deficiency can be made not authorized by 

law. The deficiency bill of this year is larger than that oflastyear as 

I have stated, and this may be counted as arising from the fact that sufficient appropriations were not made last year, but I venture the prediction that the deficiency of this year may fairly be set off against the deficiency of next year; that is to say, the deP,cie11.cy of next year will certainly be larger than the very large deficiency of this. 

In taking into account the deficiencies I ought to state that some of 

these deficiencies, and indeed many of them, arise from the fact that 

laws are passed during a session of Congress not known to the Appropriations Committee or to the Senate or House when the regular appropriation bills are passed, as, for example, last year after the appropriation for the Post-Office Department had gone through both Houses 

a law was passed increasing the expenses of that Department a considerable sum, paying postmasters back pay and increasing the CQmpensation 

of third and fourth class postmasters. I only mention the deficiency 

item in ordertomakeitclearthatthesedeficienciesare made necessary 

from changes of laws as well as from want of full appropriations. 

The agricultural bill this year is $75,000 more than last year; and 

the miscellaneous appropriations which I have already stated last year 

were $1,912,000 are this year $9,16"2,544. 

I make these remarks, Mr. Presj.dent, and present in detail an aggregated statement for the purpose of showing that these appropriations 

from year to year in the nature of things in many of the Departments 

of our Government must increase. It is not the fault of any party or 

of any House, but it follows from the rapid growth of our country and 

the appropriations inevitable and essentially necessary following that 

growth. . No more marked illustration of that can be found than t he 

expenses of the Post-Office Department, which this year are $3,000,000 

in round numbers more than last; and t hese appropriations, if we are 

to have an efficient mail service, will naturally increase from year to 

year. So it is with reference to our pensions. Whatever pension laws 

may be passed from time to time, it is certain that our pension-roll and 

pension-list and our pension appropriations will increase from year to 

year for some time to come. 

I make this statement for the purpose also of vindicating the Senate 

with reference to these appropriations where we have differed with the 

other House. I have shown, and I could go into details in all t hese 

bills to show you that the large conceSsions which have been made as 

, So, Mr. President, of another item of appropriation which kas been 

in every appropriation bill I believe since 1866 but two-an 1tem for 

the settlement of accounts with reference to bounties due to volunteers 

of the war of the rebellion, and with reference to the pay of two and 

three years' men in the war of the rebellion. These accounts have been 

running along in the Second Auditor's Office and in the other Departments of the Government from that time to now. The proper officers 

said to us that a certain sum will be necessary in order to pay the accounts as they are allowed a:dd adjusted under the law. The House 

reduced one of these items $90,000, another $60,000, Mother $60,000, with a knowledge apparent to all men that this was not an appropriation for the fiscal year ending in 1885, but it was only an appropriation for a portion of that year, and that next winter a deficiency bill 

with reference to these items will be absolutely essential and inevitable. 

·matter of concession will require larger appropriations hereafter. 

So I might . go on in reference to various details of the sundry civil 

bill; but I have already enumerated items sufficient to cover the million 

and a half of dollars which have been rejected by the House of Representatives, all absolutely essential and necessary appropriations for the 

Now, there is one thing I thinkl'ought to say in regard to the legislative bill, and that is that although t he clerical force was largely increased there was no increase of what might be called salaries. There 

were, perhaps, three or four or possibly half a dozen exceptional instances wherein there was an increase of salary. The House of Representatives increased the sala ry of two or three of its employes; the 

Senate increased the salary of one of its employes. The House of Representatives in the bill increased the salaries of four or five or perhaps ha lf 

a dozen people in the various Departments of the Government; the Senate 

in its amendments increased the salary of three or four others. These 

increases of compensation are exceptional in their character and have 

been made equally· by both Houses, and not by the Senate alone. 

I believe, Mr. President, that this is all I have to say·with reference 

to the appropriations by way of explanation of the final result to t he. 

Senate, unless some Senator desires thatl should make some more specific statement. T~e genera,! statement i& as follows: 

H istory .of the fourteen 1·egular appropriatirm bills, 1884-'85. 

------------------------------------------·

Title. Estim ates, 1884.. 

Pension.. .................................................................................... $101, 575, 000 00 Military Academy..................................................................... 420,644 93 Fortifications .. .......•........ .•.........••.•...•••.•.••... · ....••........•......... ... .. , 1, 000,000 00 

Consular and diplomatic........................................................... 1, 390,905 00 Navy.. ........................................................................................ 2.3,481, 078 54 

Post-Office ......... ............ ....................................... ...... ............... 46, 741, 111 25 India n..... ................ .................... ........ .............. .... ..................... 6, 725,731 54 Army.................. ........................................................... ............ 28,570,643 44 · Legislative, &c............... ...................................................... ...... 21, &40, 175 08 

Sundry civil ...... .... ,........... ........... .......... ...... ............ ...... ............ 34,186,376 35 

District of Columbia ......... ...... ......... .... ................. ...... . , .... ......... 1, 775, 149 54 ·R iv er and harbor......... ................. ...... ......... .............................. 33,889,000 00 Deficiency................................................. ................................. 2, 263, fJ77 49 Agricultural......... .......................................... .................. ......... 521, 2:/Q 00 1-------- Total ........•.................•...................•.••••......••...... : ......••...... 304, 380, 1&3 16 

. 

E stimat es, 1885. 

Reported to the House. 

Date. Amount. 

Passed the House. 

D a te. Amount. 

$4.(), 000, 000 00 c!arch 22... a $20, 684, 400 00 April 22. ... a $20, 'ri>O, 800 00 382, 359 53 · Fe b. 11...... 306, 988 50 F eb. 21... ... 308, 863 50 1, 000, 000 90 J une 28...... 3, 070, 000 00 July 2....... 595, 000 00 

1, 569,601 ';'5

1 

April26.... 978, 170 00 May19..... 983,770 00 22,747, 751 38 Feb. 8...... 14,263,195 95 March7. ... 14, 334, 695 95 50, 062, 189 60 Feb. 29.... . 46, 261, 900 00 March 18... 46, 225, 900 00 

8, 466,809 91 Ia rch 19... 5, 367,653 10 April4...... 5,456, 389 31 

26, 810, 103 91 April 29.. ... . 24, 244, 450 00 l\Iay 18... ... 24, 244, 450 00 21, 533,522 65 l\Ia y 19 ...... 1 20,748, 376 95 June 2...... 20,609,836 95 

30, 346, 994 11 J une 21.. ... 20, 988, 986 05 June 23.. ... 20, 919, 400 35 1, 812, 686 74 April l 4..... 1, 676, 251 98 May 19...... 1, 677, 291 98 8, 025, 500 00 M ay 7.... ... 12,619, 100 00 .June 12..... 12,086,200 00 11,328,384 54 .June7...... 6, 401,079 20 June17..... 6,721,766 65 

512, 140 00 June 7 ...... 1 ___ 4_30_,_590_00_1 April5 ...... 1 ___ 455_, _590_oo_ 

224,598, 044 12 1. ................. 178, 00, 141 73 .................. 175,369,954 69 

. 
1884. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 6167 

KUJfhry of the fourteen regular appropriation bills, 1884-'85-Continued. 

Reported to the HoJl.Se. Passed the House. 

Title. Estimat~, Estimates, 

1884. . 1885. I I ------------------~----1------~~------~-D-~_._ ~~ ~ ~~ 

Reaplr~~-ati~~~-r~~-pe~~i~ru;:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::::::·::::: _ .. _ .. _ .. _.~306- ···_.' •. ~aso. _ .. _.' •. _-~I.6363_ ···_·~-~-66·-·· --233m_66_;.:_7:._l:ooi_~-~--i:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:. l Grand total. ....•.. :.............................................................. o.v• <n '" 

186, 542, 292- 58 

66, 000, 000 00 

252, 542, 292 58 

183 871, 105 54 

66, 000, 000 00 

24.9, 871, 105 54 

Reported to the Senat-e. Passed the Senate. ~unt appropriated. 

Title. 

Date . ~ount. Date. ~ount. Law,1885. Law,l884. 

. Pension .............. .....•..........••.........•......................................•... _ •............ May 22. ..... a $20, 846, 200 00 ~iay 23 .... . Feb. 29. ..... 315,683 50 March 4 ... . a $20, 846, 200 00 315, 683 50 800,000 00 1, 782, 576 75 20, 863, 6i5 95 49, 750, 400 00 

a $20, 810, 000 00 314,563 50 700,000 00 1,214,390 00 c 15, 894, 434 23 48, 'Y/5, 400 00 

b $86, 575,000 ()() 318,657 50 

670,000 00 1, 296, 755 00 15, 894, 434 23 44, 489, 520 00 

Military Academy ............................................................................. ... . Fortifications ......................................................................................... . Consular and c;liplomatic ...................................... ~ ................................ . July 3...... 800,000 00 July 3 ..... . 

Navy .................................................................................................... . June 9...... . 1, 785,576 75 lune 12 .... . April!....... 20,786, 675 95 April 1,4 .•• Post-Office ................•....•.................................•.••.•......•........................... Indian ............................................••.•. :-. •...........•.................•.................. April H.... 49,725,400 00 April 18 .. . 6, 279, 627 91 24, 554, 450 00 21, 697, 261 85 24 956 391 04 

5, 859, 402 91 24, 454, 450 00 

21 426 321 85 22: 3ll: 830 73 

5, 358, 655 91 24, 681, 250 00 20, 454, 246 22 

23, 679, 575 44 

April30..... 6,213,802 91 May 13 .... . Army ..................................................................................................... . June 16..... 24,539,450 00 June 21. .. . 

~~~~~t~i~il~.~:::::::::::::::·::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: June 21..... 21 647 259 85 June 26 .... . July 1...... 25: oss: 192 71 July 2 .... . . District of Columbia ....................•............................................... ......... River and harbor ..................................................................•................ Deficiency ........•..............................•..•.•....•.•.......................................... Agricultural. .......................•....................•...................•............•............ 

May 28..... 1, 721, 163 27 May 29 .... . 1: 721: 163 27 13, 584, 700 00 7, 832,078 24. 52-5,390 00 

1,686, 743 '1fT 

13, 909, 200 00 6, 996, 616 61 485,190 00 

1, 700, 697 23 

J nne 27.-. ... 13, 354, 200 00 July 1.. .... . .. """"2,"749:"94i""49_ June 27 ..... 7, 815, 864 20 June 28 ... . 1\Iay 5...... :>24, 990 00 May 20 .... . 405,640 00 

-------~ ------~----~---- -------- Total. .... .-..................... ............ ..................•..................•.......... ...... .................. 195, 164,459 14 ...... ...... ...... 195,509,598 51 184, 037,543 10 · 228,274,373 02 

~J~~~~;o~~~~~~-~e~t;·.::::::::·:::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: ·······a;791;965·oo· :::::::::::::::::: ·······a;79·i;965·oo· t.~:~ ~ ...... ~:.:~:. ~~--~ 

Ktz~~~:.tY:::~~:::-:-:-:-:·:·:·:::-::::_::_:::::::::::::::::_::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: ·m:~ ~ :::::::::::::::::: l·m:~ ~ ·m:~ ~ :::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Improvement of the Mississippi River..................................................................... 1,000,000 00 .................. 1,000,000 00 1,000,000 00 ....................... . World's Cotton Centennial Exposition.................................................................... 1,000,000 00 .................. 1,000,000 00 1,000,000 00 .................. ..... . 

Sewerage District of Columbia ................................................... ··········:· .................. 500,000 00 .................. 1---500-.,, 000:-- oo~ ----500 ---, ooo __ oo_.

1 

_··_···_· ._ ••_ •• _ •• _ •• _ ••• _ •• _ •• _ •• 

Total .......................................... .................................................................... . 204,078,i42 54 

Reappropriations for pensions .......................•................•........................................ 203, 733, 003 17 .................. 193, 201, 087 13 . 230,187,096 90 66, 000, 000 00 .................. 66, 000, 000 00 66, 000, 000 00 39, 000, 000 00 1------ -l Grand total .......................................................•..........................•................... 269,733, 003 17 ...... ,. ........... 270,078,142 54 259, 201, 087 13 269, 187' 096 90 

a Also reappropriates and makes available for 1885 an unexpended balance estimat-ed to be $66,000,000. b Also reappropriat-es and makes available for 1884 an unexpended balance estimated at $39,000,000. c Estimated. 

d Estimated. 

Mr. MORRILL. I desire to call the attention of. the chairman of 

the Committee on Appropriations to another point. I wish to 3.'3k him 

whether there is not some way by. which we can avoid the great inconvenience of having all the fourteen regular appropriation bills brought 

in during the l3.'3t days of a session. It strikes me that there might 

be an amicable arrangement or agreement between the Appropriations 

Committees of the House and the Senate by which it should be un8erstood that the Senate committee should have the authority to report 

a certain share of these large bills. Take a short session, when we 

have really a little less than three months; there is not time in which 

to properly consider these bills, and there· is actually no prohibition in 

the Constitution which limita the origination of appropriation bills to 

the House. Their exclusive rights only pertain to revenue bills. 

When Mr. Hunter, the Democratic chairman on the part of the Senate of the Finance Committee, W3.'3 here, in order to facilitate an early 

adjournment of the two Houses he reported an appropriation bilL At 

that time my friend the Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHER~fAN] was chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, and the bill was immediately thrown out and refused to be acted upon, although the same bill 

was reported and sent to the Senate the next day, I think. 

It seems to me that it would be a very great convenience if the Senate were allowed to prepare and repQrt some of these large bills, and 

especially would it be a convenience in a short session of Congress. 

Mr. ALLISON. That question h3.'3 been considered for many years. 

The House of Representatives by custom only originates the appropriation bills. There is no sort of constitutional requirement that the 

appropriation bills should originate in the House. We have tried many 

times to have that question settled. We can originate an appropriation bill in the Senate and pass it, but if the House refuse to take up 

that bill our labor is lost. 

The only way to settle the question would be by means of a joint 

rule. I have not much familiarity with the rules, but I understand 

we have now no joint rules between the two Houses. I should be very 

glad to see the Committee on Rules or some proper committee of this 

body confer with the House of Representatives r~latj_ve to the question 

of a division of the appropriation bills. Of course the Senate could 

originate those bills and thus save great time of the two Houses, and I 

think could do so quite as well as the House of Representatives; but I 

do not care to go into that. 

:Mr. BROWN. I desire to ask the chairman of the committee whether 

he has the figures at command to show the aggregate "Qf all the appropriations. 

Mr. ALLISON. For this·year? 

Mr. BROWN: For this year. 

Mr. ALLISON. I have. 

Mr. BROWN. Will the Senator be kind enough to state them? 

Mr. ALLISON. The aggregate of the appropriations of this year. is 

$193,201,087.13. I will state, however, that in thenatureofthingsin · 

the case of many of the appropriations just made, particularly with 

reference to the Navy and some other matters, the computation ios only 

an estimate; but the statement is approximately correct. It will not 

vary $200,000, in my judgment. This includes the river and harbor 

bill and all miscellaneous appropriations. In this, however, is included nothing for reappropriations. When we reappropriate money 

appropriated before there is no account of it taken in the aggregate. 

Therefore when I say $193,201,087.13 I should add to it $66,000,000 

of reappropriations for pensions alone, which would make the total 

sum $259,201,087.13 .. 1\Ir. BROWN. Can the Senntor in that connection state also what 

will be the a&,o-regate of the demands on the Government during the 

fiscal year, including payment of the interest on the public debt and 

whatever the other demands are? 

Mr. ALLISON. Of course that could only be stated approximately. 

On the b3.'3is of l3.'3t year's appropriation, after paying the interest on 

the public debt, and after paying what the sinking fund requires, which 

I believe i8 about $49,000,000, the ~ecretary of the Treasury estimated 

that there would be a surplus this year of $45,000,000. I think ths.t 

surplus will be reduced under these appropriations from $20,000,000 to 

$25,000,000, although my estimate may not be accurate. In making 

that estimate I 3.'3sume that the entire amount of $86,000,000 appropli-

• 
6168 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 7, 

ated this year for pensions will be required for their payment, whereas 

last year we only expended 69,000,000 for pensions. That is, there is 

a surplus this year over the appropriations of last year, which surplus 

has been reappropriated. 

.Mr. BROWN. Probably the surplus at the end of the year will be 

about twenty-odd million dollars. 

Mr . .ALLISON. I should say that would be the probable surplus, 

assuming that our income from imports and internal revenue will be 

sub tantially as last year. Of course that is also an element to be taken 

into account. 

I have stated I believe all I wished to state with reference to these 

appropriations. I shall hand the statement to the Reporter to be inserted in the RECORD. ; 

Mr. GARLAND. I wish to make an inquiry of the Senator from 

Iowa. The statement he has just read I believe comes from the Comririttee on Appropriations. It is a very instructive and a very important one. I do not know what disposition, if any, the Senator from 

Iowa has moved that the Senateshallmake of it, but I think it should 

be printed in the RECORD and be printed as a report in ordinary form 

coming from a committee for public use. I think it is a very valuable 

docriment. I do not know exactly in what shape it comes from the 

committee. . Mr. ALLISON. This is a consolidated statement. 

Mr. GARLAND. I understand. 

Mr. ALLISON. It was prepared by the clerksofthe Committeeson 

Appropriations of the two Houses. I suppose, with one or two exceptions, it is absolutely a<!Curate now, but it can be made accurate within a da.y or two. I expect to insert it in the RECORD. 

Mr. GARLAND. I move, then, that in addition it be printed for 

public use as a document ordinarily reported to the Senate. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER {Mr. WILSON in the chair). Is there 

objection to the suggestion of the Sen~tor from Arkansas? The Chair 

hears none. Mr. COCKRELL. It does not come authoritatively from the Committee on Appropriations, as the Senator from .Arkansas seems to think. 

Mr . .ALLISON. No; it does not. 

Mr. COCKRELL. It was never laid befure the Committee on Appropriations, and the committee is no more responsible for it than any 

Senator. It was prepared, as I understand, by the clerks of the Committees on Appropriations of both Houses. 

Mr. ALLISON. That is the general statement. The detailed statement I made was prepared by myself; but I have made that up chiefly 

from the aggregate statement whicli was prepared by the clerk of our committee and the clerk of the Appropriatioru5 Committee of the House. 

Mr. COCKRELL. So I understand. 

Mr. GARLAND. It will be printed as I suggested, I understand. 

The PR:m3IDING OFFICER. That order has been made. 

Mr. COCKRELL. Iamnotrefiectingupon theaccuracyoftliestatement at all, but simply saying that the Committee on Appropriations 

as a committee have not considered or acted upon it. I have no doubt 

that in the main it is correct, and any inaccuracies that may be in it 

are simply unintentional and caused by calculations made in the hurry 

of the closing hours of the eession, and can be corrected, as I hope they 

will be, before the statement is printed officially in the RECORD. 

Now, simply one word in regard to the appropriatiens. It is impossible for any Senator or member of the House of Representatives, in my 

humble opinion, at this day in the session, to say what are the econo- mies or the profiigacies of the legislation of the session now about to 

close. Appropriations for this fiscal year may have been withheld; 

they may have been made in insufficient amounts to meet the requirements of the public service. No one can tell what the expendituresof 

the fi cal year 1885 will be until the books for that fiscal year have been 

clo ed and the accounts of receipts and expenditures adjusted. 

So it is with the fiscal year just closed. A great many of the deficiency appropriations made by the present House and Senate will go 

into the balances which will be charged to the last Congress. Everything appropriated during the present session of Congress to meet lia.-

bilities and expenditures for the fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1884, is 

chargeable to the p~eceding Congress, the Forty-seventh Congress. I 

say frankly thut I place very little reliance upon tabular statements 

which are made out at the close of the first session of a Congress and 

published for information or guidance. They are not the absolute ex- penditures of the Government for the fiscal year for which they are made. During the coming session we !{lay appropriate millions upon 

millions of dollars to meet liabilities of the present fi cal year or we may appropriate very little comparatively. We can not tell with any 

accuracy what the receipts and expenditures of the Government are 

until the fiscal year has been closed, the accounts of the Treasury Department adjusted, .and that record made which will go down to all 

coming ages as the receipts and expenditures of a given fiscal year. 

Mr. ALLISON. Iquiteagreewith the Senator. Weknowofcourse 

how much we appropriate in the fourteen regular appropriation bills. 

".Mr. COCKRELL. It may not all be expended ; and therefore we can not tell. 

Mr. ALLISON. And more maybe expended and how adeficiency. 

Of course the amounts I have presented to the Senate are amounts 

found in these bills, and they are accurate and absolute computations 

of the money appropriated. A portion of it may not be expended; but 

it is fair to presume that most of it will be expended. I shall regard 

myself as quite lucky as one member of this body if there is not a larger expenditure during the fiscal year than the aggregate of these 

appropriations. 

ThePRESIDINGOFFICER(A!r. INGALLS in the chair). The Chair 

having been absentfor a few moments, does not understand what is the 

pending question. 

Mr . .ALLISON. There is no question before the Senate. 

ELIZABETH J. COLBERT. 

Mr. CULLOM. I ask leave to submit a report from the Committee on Pensions. I am directed by the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 3160) graBting a pension to Elizabeth .r. 

Colbert, to report it without amendment, and I ask that it be put upon 

its passage. 

By unanimous consent, the bill was considered as in Committee of the 

Whole. It proposes to place on the pension-roll thenameofElizabeth 

.r. Colbert, widow of .Toseph C. Colbert, late a private in Company K, 

One hundred and twenty-third Illinois Infantry Volunteers. 

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. • 

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. 

A message from the Honse of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

Clerk, announced that the House had concurred in the amendments of 

the Senate to the resolution of the House fixing the day for the final 

adjournment of both Houses of Congress. 

The message also announced that the Honse had concurred in the 

resolution of the Senate for the appointment of a committee of two 

members ofthe Senate to join such committee as may be appointed by 

ths House of Representatives to wait upon the President of the United 

States and inform him that Congress, having finished its business, is 

ready to close its ~ion by adjournment, and had appointed Mr. SAM- UEL .T. RANDALL of Pennsylvania, Mr. H. G. TuRNER of Georgia, 

and Mr. FRANK IIIscocK of New York the committee on the part of 

the House. 

The message further announced that the House had passed the bill 

(S. 2049) granting a pension to .Tame's King. 

The message also announced that the House had passed a jomt reso- lution (H. Res. 287) authorizing the immediate payment of officers and 

employes of the House for the month of July; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. 

ENROLLED BILL SIGKED. 

The message further announced that the Speaker pro tempore of the 

House had signed the enrolled bill (H. R. 4297) for the relief of Henrietta M. Sands; and it was thereupon signed by the President pro tempore. 

EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATlON. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER [~!r. INGALLS] laid before the Senate a letter of the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, in compliance with a resolution of the 2d instant, information relative to the condition of 

the Northern Cheyenne Indians on the Tongue and Rosebud Rivers, 

who are alleged to be without rations and committing depredations upon 

settlers for subsietence; which was ordered to lie on the table aud be 

printed. 

PAY OF EMPLOYEs. 

The joint resolution (H. Res. 287) authorizing the immediate payment of officers and employes.of the House for the month of .Tuly was read twice by its title. 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The joint.resolution will be referred 

to the Committee on Appropriations. 

Mr. RIDDLEBERGER. If in order, I move to suspend the rule 

requiring the reference of the joint resolution, and ask for its consideration now. The PRESIDING OFFICER. It is not in order to move a suspension of the rule. It can be done by unanimous consent. 

Mr. RIDDLEBERGER. I ask unanimous consent, which is the same thing. The joint resolution simply provides that the employes 

shall draw their pay for the month of .Tuly before leaving here, and 

obviates the necessity of their coming back or having the roll to sign 

hereafter. I a k unanimous consent that it be now considered. :Mr . .ALLISON. That is a usual resolution, although I believe we have hardly ever considered it when we adjourned so early in the 

month, but it ought to apply to both Houses alike. 

~Ir. RIDDLEBERGER. Does it not apply to the employes of both 

Houses? 

Mr. ALLI 0~. The resolution applies only to the mploy~s of the 

House of Repre entatives. I think if the Senator will allow it to be 

referred to the committee inform.ally, it will be reported back amended so as to make it apply to both Houses; if it is a wise resolution to pass. 

l\lr. RIDDLEBERGER. Does it not apply to both Houses? 

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair is informed that it applies 

only to the employes of the House of Representatives. 
1884. CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-SENATE. 6169 

. Mr. RIDDLEBERGER. Then I withdraw my request, and ask that I propriations propose that it be amended to include the officers of both 

It be referred. Houses. -

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The request is withdrawn, and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The joint resolution will be read at 

joint resolution will be referred to the Committee on Appropriations. length. 

EXECUTIVE SESSION. 

Mr.LOGAN. SomenominationsweresentintotheSenatelastnight, 

and it will be necessary to have an executive session prior to adjournment. I do not know any better time than now. I move that the 

Senate proceed to the consideration of executive business. 

The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business. After twenty-five minutes spent fu executive session the doors were reopened. 

MESSAGE FROM · THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

Clerk, announced that the House had passed the following bills: 

A bill (S. 280) granting a pension to Wesley Morford; 

A bill (S. 284) granting a pension to Henry .J. Seward; 

A bill (S. 297) for the relief of Mrs. S. A. Wright and Mrs. C. Fahnestock· 

A bill (S. 298 for the relief of Margaret Cassidy; 

A bill (S. 332 for the relief of Thomas B. Shannon; 

A bill ~S. 337 granting a pension to Wilson W. Brown and others; 

A bill s: 461 granting a pension to Warren Croan; 

A bill S. 464 granting a pension to .James P. F. Toby; 

!--- ~ill S. 528 for the relief of Silas Q. Howe, surviving partner of 

William T. Pate & Co.; 

A bill (S. 547) granting a pension to .John C. F. Beyland, of New 

York; 

A bill (S. 670) granting an increase ofpension toN . .J. Ingersoll; 

A bill (S. 773) granting a pension to Mrs. Kady Brownell; 

A bill (S. 912) granting a pension to Henry A. Armstrong; · 

A bill (S. 1225) granting a pension to Mary Hopperton, widow of 

Edward Hopperton; A bill (S. 1227.\ granting a pension to Captain Israel Stough; A bill (S. 1339 granting a pension to Frank Gray; 

A bill ~S. 1363 granting a pension to FrankS. Hillard; 

A bill S. 13981 granting an increase of pension to Andrew .J. Bolar; 

A bill S. 1430 granting a pension to Sarah C. Hall; 

A bill S. 1444 granting a pension to William .J. Hess; 

A <bill!S. 1566 grantrng a pension to Martha Bastin; 

A bill S. 1627 granting a pension to Flavia A. Haskell; 

A bill S. 1641l for the relief'Of the widow of Edward M. Wllk::in8; 

A bill (S. 1645 granting a pension to A.sahel D. WhiWomb; 

A bill (S. 2095 to remove certain disabilities of .T ohn L. Cowardin; 

and 

A bill (S. 2244) granting a pension to .James Brown. 

The message also announced that the House had passed the concurrent resolution to correct an error in the enrollment of the bill (H. R. 

677Q) making appropriations for the consular and diplomatic services 

of the Government for the fiscal year ending .T nne 30, 1885, and for other 

purposes; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. 

ERROR IN ENROLL!IENT. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following 

resolution from the House of Representatives; which wail considered 

by unanimous consent, and concurred in: 

.Resolved by _the Home of .Represeni.ati'VeS (the Sena.w concurring), That the Clerk of the House m the enrollment of the bill (H. R. 6770) making ap~;>ropriations for the consular and diplomatic service of the Government for the fiscal year end- ing June 30,1885, and for other purposes, insert the following paragraph in its proper place, the same having been omitted from the bill as finally agreed upon by the two Houses, namely: "For three commissioners to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, at a compensation of S7,500 each. Said com- missioners shall ascertain the best modes of securing more intimate interna- tional and commercial relations between the United Stat-es and the several covntries of Central and South America, and for that purpose they shall visit such countries in Central'and South America as the President may direct. " Fo! one secre~ry to said commission to be appointed by .the Pz:esident, by and wtth the advice and consent of the Senate, $3,000; and m addition to the foregoing amounts such further sum as may be required for the reasonable ex- pe~s of said commission, such expenses to be paid upon the certificate of the chairman thereof and approved by the Secretary of State · and said commission shall report their action to the President, for transmission'to Congress with such recommendation as he may deem fitting." ' 

PAY OF E I:PLOYEs. 

Mr. ALLISON. I am instructed by the Committee on Appropriations to whom was referred the joint resolution (H. Res 287) authorizing the immediate payment of officers and employes of the House for 

the month of .July, to report it with amendments. I ask for its present 

consideration. 

By unan_i.t:Rous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole 

proceeded to consider the joint resolution. ' 

. Mr. ALLISON. As will be seen from the reading of the resolution 

It proposes to pay the employes of the House for this month, previous 

to the end of the month. It has been usual to pa.Ss such a resolution 

just before Congress adjourned, but this resolution as it came from the 

House only applies to the House employes. The Committee on ApMr. RIDDLEBERGER. I wish to ask the Senator from Iowa. 

whether it applies to the annual employes as well as the session employes. 

Mr. ALLISON. Let it be read. 

!t-Ir. RIDDLEBERGER. Is that the opinion of the Senator? 

lli. ALLISON. Ye, sir. . 

The Chief Clerk read the joint resolution, as follows: 

Beit resolved, &e., That the Clerk of the House of R-epresentatives be author- ized and directed to pay to the officers and employes borne on the annual roll their respective compensation, including the Capitol police, for the month or July, 1884, as soon as practicable after the adjournment of this session of Con- gress. 

Mr. PLUMB. Will that give more pay? Will that give them full 

pay for the month of .July? 

lli: ALLISON. Those on the annual roll may draw their pay before the end of the month. 

Mr. PLUUB. Oh, yes; I understand. 

The amendments reported by the Committee on Appropriations were, 

in line 1, after the word '' Clerk,'' to insert ''Secretary of the Senateand ; ' in line 2 to strike out "he is " and insert "they are ; " and in 

line 3, before the word ''House,'' toinsertthewords '' Senateand the;'' so as to make the joint resolution read: 

That the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representa- tives be, and they are hereby' authorized and directed to ray to the officers and employes of the Senate and House borne upon the annua rolls their respective 

compensation, including the Capitol police, for the month of July, 1884, as soon. as practicable after the adjournment of this session of Congress. 

The amendments were agreed to. · 

The joint resolution was reported to the Senate as amended, and theamendments were concurred in. · 

The amendments were ordered to be engrossed and the joint resolution to be read a third time. 

The joint resolution was read the third time, and passed. 

The title was amended so as to read: "A joint resolution authorizing 

the immediate payment of officers and employes of the Senate and oi 

the House for the moath of .July." · 

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. 

A message from·the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLABK, itaClerk, announced that the House had passed a concurrent resolution 

authorizing the joint commission appointed to consider the present organizations of the Signal Service, Geological Survey, Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the Hydrographic Office of the Navy Department, to. 

employ a clerk, and providing for the payment of the expenses of theinvestigatiou equally from the contingent funds of the two Ho~. 

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. 

The message also announced that the Speaker pro tempore of the Househad signed the following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon signed 

by the President pro tempore: . 

A bill (H. R. 3160) granting a pension to Elizabeth .J. Colbert; 

A bill (H. R. 7509) making temporary provision for the naval service~ 

A bill (S. 2049) granting a pension to .James King; and . 

A bill (H. R. 6770) making appropriations for the consular and diplomatic service·of the Government for the fiscal year ending .June 30, 

1885, and for other purposes. 

COMMISSION ON SIGNAL SERVICE, ETC. 

The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following 

resolution from the House of Representatives; which was considered by· 

unanimous consent, and concurred in: 

.Resolt~ed by the Home of Representatives (the Senate of the United States ooncurring) That the joint com.mission appointed to consider the present .organizations of- the Signal Service, <kological Survey, Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the Hy 

drograpbic Office of the Navy Department, with the view to secure greater econ- omy and efficiency of administration of the public service in said bureaus is 

hereby authorized to employ a clerk at $6 per day while employed, and any ~x­ pense incurred by said commission in making said investigations shall be de- frayed equally from the contingent funds of the two Houses of Congress. 

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, ita 

Clerk, announced that the House had passed the following bills; in. 

which it requested the concurrence ofthe Senate: 

A bill (H. R. 191) for the relief of L. S. Ensel; 

A bill (H. R. 411) granting a pension to Elizabeth Connor; 

A bill (H. R. 652) for the relief of Brannin, Summers & Co.; and 

A bill (H. R. 847) for the relief of Francis B. Van Hoesen. 

The message also announced that the House had concurred in the 

amendments of the Senate to the joint resolution (H. Res. 287) authorizing the immediate payment of officers and employes of the House for 

the month of .July. 

ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. 

The message also announced that the Speaker pru te-mpore of theHouse had signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolution;; 

and they were thereupon signed by the President pro tempore: 

A bill (S. 280) granting a pension to Wesley Morford; 
6170 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 7, 

A bill (S. 284) granting a pension to Henry J. Seward; 

A bill (S. 297) for the relief of Mrs. S. A. Wright and Urs. C. Fahne-

$ock; 

A bill (S. 298) for the relief of ],fargaret Cassidy; 

A bill (S. 332) for the relief of Thomas B. Shannon; 

A bill ~S. 461) granting a pension to Warren Croan; 

A bill S. 464) granting a pension to James P. F. Toby; 

A bill S. 528) for the relief of Silas Q. Howe, surviving partner of 

William T. Pate & Co.; · 

A bill (S. 547) granting a pension to John C. F. Beyland, of New 

York; . A bill (S. 670) granting an increase of pension toN. J. Ingersoll; 

A bill1S. 773) granting a pension to Mrs. Kady Brownell; 

A bill S. 912) granting a pension to Henry. A . .Armstrong; 

A bill S. 1225) granting a pension to Mary Hopperton, widow of 

Edward Hopperton; · 

A bill (S. 1227) granting a pension to Capt. Isra.el Stough; . 

A bill (S. 1339) granting a pension to Frank Gray; 

A bill (S. 1363) granting a pension to FrankS. Hillard; 

A bill (S. 1398) granting an increase of pension to Andrew J. Bolar; 

A bill (S. 1430) granting a pension to Sarah C. Hall; 

A bill ~S. 1444) granting a pension to William J. Hess; 

A bill S. 1566) granting a pension to Martha Bastin; 

A bill S. 1627) granting a pension to Flavia A. Haskell; 

A bill (S. 1641) tor the relief of the widow of Edward M. Wilkins; 

A bill (S. J-645) granting a pension to Asahel D. Whitcomb; 

A bill (S. 2095) to remove certain disabilities of John L. Cowardin; 

A bill (S. 2244) granting a pension to James Brown; and 

Joint resolution (H. Res. 287) authorizing the immediate payment 

-of officers and employes of the Senate and of the House for the month 

-of July. 

EXECUTIVE SESSION. 

On motionofMr. LOGAN, the Senateproceeded to the consideration 

-ofeXecutive business. After forty minutes spent in executive se8sion 

the doors were reopened. 

EXTENSION OF THE SESSIO~. 

lli. ALLISON submitted the following concurrent resolution; which 

was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: 

Resolved by the Senate (the House of Represflntatives concurring), That the presiding officers of the two Houses shall adjourn their respective Houses at 3 p.m., .July 7,1884. 

NOTIFICATION TO THE PRESIDE~T. 

Mr. SHERMAN, from the committee appointed to wait upon the 

President of the United Smtes and inform him that unless he may 

have some further communication to make Congress is ready to adjourn, 

reported that they had performed the duty assigned them, and that 

"the President had replied that he had nothing further to communicate. 

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. 

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. CLARK, its 

<nerk, announced that the House had agreed to the resolution of the 

.Senate extending the time for final adjournment. 

The message also announced that the House had passed the bill (S. 

'716) for the relief of Eliza. Howard Powers. 

The message further announced that the House had passed the following bills; in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate: 

A bill (H. R. 5509) for the benefit of soldiers and sailors who have 

lost an arm at the shoulder-joint; and 

A bill (H. ~· 6712) to remove the political disa.bilities of John Ran-

-dolph Hamilton, of North Carolina. 

ENROLLED BILLS SIGN1ID. 

The message also announced that the Speaker pro tempore of the House 

.had signed the following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon signed 

by the President pro tempore: . · A bill (S. 337) granting a pension to Wilson W. Brown and others; 

.and 

A bill (S. 716) for the relief of Eliza Howard Powers. 

PRESIDENTIAL APPROVALS. 

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. 0. L. 

PRUDEZ, one of his secretaries, announced that the President had this 

-day approved and signed the following acts: 

An act (S. 773) granting a pension to Mrs. Kady Brownell; 

An act (S. 1398) granting a pension to Andrew J. Bolar; 

An act (S. 297) granting a pension to Mrs. C. Fahnestock; 

An act (S. 461) granting a pension to Warren Croan; 

An act (S. 1645) granting a pension to Asanel D. Whitcomb; 

An act (S. 912) granting a pension to Henry A . .Armstrong; 

An ad (S. 2049) granting a pension to James King; 

An act ~S . 670} granting a ~nsion toN. J. Ingersoll; 

An act S. 1566) granting a pension to :Martha Bastin; 

An act S. 547} granting a pension to John C. F. Beyland, of New 

York; 

An act (S. 1225) granting a pension to Itiary Hopperton, widow of 

:Edward Hopperton; 

An act (8.1627) granting a pension to Flavia A. Ha.skell; 

An act (S. 1227) granting a pension to Capt. Israel Stough; 

An act (S. 464) granting a pen ion to Jam P. F. Toby; 

An act tS. 1363). granting a pension to FrankS. Hillard; 

An act tS. 280) granting a pension to Wesley Morford; 

An act (S. 1339) granting a pension to Frank Gray; . 

An act (S. 2244) granting a pen ion to James Brown; 

An act (S. 1444) gr::mting a pension to William J. Res ; 

An act (S. 1430) granting a pension to Sarah C. Hall; 

An act ( . 2 . 4) grn:.nting a pension to Henry J. Seward; 

An act (S. 716) tor the relief of Eliza Howard Powe.t:S; 

An act (S. 337) granting pensions to Wilson W. Brown and others; 

An act (S. 298) for the reJ.!.ef of. ],fargaret Cassidy; 

An act (S. 332) for the.relief of Thomas B. Shannon; 

An act (S. 1641) for the relief of the widow of Edward M. Wilkins; 

An act (8. 528) for the relief of Silas Q. Howe, surviving partner of 

William T. Pate & Co.; and 

An act (S. 2095) to remove c,ertairi disabilities of John-L. Cowardin. 

FINAL ADJOURNMENT. 

Mr. ALLISON (at 2 o'clock and 45 minutesp. m.). Mr. President, 

all the business of the session has been disposed of, and I hope that by 

unanimous consent we shall treat the hour of adjournment as now having arrived. · ' 

The PRESIDENT pro ttmtpore. The Senator fro:m Iowa suggests 

that the business of the session is disposed of. The Chair understands 

that neither the President nor the House of Representatives have any 

further commtmication to make . . If there be no objection, the time 

of adjournment will be treated as having arrived. The Chair hears no 

objection. 

Senators, the hour tbat closes the · first session of the Forty-eighth 

Congress has come . . It fills up almost a century of the constitutional 

republican government of a people whose career has excited the wonder 

and admiration of mankind. Let us hope that our labors as the representatives of States and people may justify the placing of another white 

stone on the long and shining pathway of the Republic. 

However arduous and perplexing may have been our labors, however exciting may have been the contests of oppo ing opinions and policies, no one of us, I think, can meet this, the hour of our epa ration, · 

without emotions and I hope not unpleasant solicitudes that embrace 

the past, the present, and the future. The smallness of our numbers 

and the peculiar nature of our organization which embraces a potent 

participation in the action of the threefold organization of the Government, legislative, executive1 and,judicial, produce an intimacy of 

personal relations as pleasant as it is important, and make the moment 

when we separate one of peculiar interest and tenderness. 

So parting, the Chair makes his sincere and roo t grateful ac1.-nowledgments for the very flattering resolution of. the Senate touching his 

administration of the duties imposed upon him by his office. He is 

glad and proud to say that without exception he has been aided by the 

constant kindness, courtesy, and assistanCe of all the members of the 

senate, and of its officers. .. 

The Chair in now performing the last formal act of the session wishes 

for all of you every felicity, and he begs to express to each one of you 

his heartfelt personal friendship and good-will. 

The pr~nt session, the first session of the Senate of the Forty-eighth . 

Congress, stands adjourne.d without day. 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 

:MoNDAY, July 7, 1884. 

At 12o'cl~ck m. the SPEAKER pro temp<>re (Ur. BLACKBURN) called 

the House to order. 

The SPEAKER pro tempore. By unanimous con ·ent the session of 

this day (Monday) will begin at 12 o'clock instead of 11. That is the 

rule of the House unless otherwise ordered, that the House shall meet 

at 12m . 

There was no objection, and it was ordered accordingly. 

:JU:ESSAGE FRO~£ THE SENATE. 

A message from the Senate, by Mr. McCooK, its Secretary, announced 

that the Senate had agreed to the resolution of the House providing for 

the final adjournment of the session, with amendments, in which the 

concurrence of the House of Representatives was requested. 

ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

lli. WELLER. I hope we will now have consent of the HoU:Se to 

conclude the consideration of the pension bills on which we had already 

entered. 

THE JOURX AL. 

],fr. MILLS. I ask unanimous consent that the reading of the Journal 

be dispensed with this morning. 

Mr. RANDALL. It is physically and menta1ly impossible to prepare 

the Journal in time to have it read this morning. and the reading of it 

I hope will be dispen ed with to-day by unanimous con ent. 

There was no objection, and it was ordered accordingly. 

ME AGE FROl\l THE SENATE. 

A message from th~ Senate, by Mr. McCooK its Secretary, announced