NUMBER 13-10-00478-CR

COURT OF APPEALS

THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

CORPUS CHRISTI – EDINBURG

BRIAN ALONZO FORD, Appellant,

v.

THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee.

On appeal from the 24th District Court

of DeWitt County, Texas.

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Before Justices Garza, Vela, and Perkes

Memorandum Opinion by Justice Garza

Appellant, Brian Alonzo Ford, appeals from the trial court’s revocation of his 

“regular” community supervision.1 By a single issue, appellant contends that the trial 

court erred in admitting State’s Exhibit 1, a “Chronological Record of Contacts,” into 

 

1

See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 42.12, § 23 (Vernon Supp. 2010).
2

evidence at his revocation hearing. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

On December 16, 2009, pursuant to a plea-bargain agreement, appellant 

pleaded guilty to the third-degree felony offense of bail jumping and failure to appear.2 

The trial court sentenced him to ten years’ imprisonment and assessed a $1,000 fine, 

suspended the prison sentence, and placed him on community supervision for five 

years. 

On April 29, 2010, the State filed a motion to revoke appellant’s community 

supervision, alleging numerous violations, including that he: (1) failed to report to the 

supervision department during January, February, and March, 2010 (as alleged in 

paragraph II of the State’s motion); (2) failed to provide a urine sample for drugscreening purposes (paragraph III); and (3) refused to be transported to a State 

Contracted Intermediate Sanction Facility (paragraph VI). Appellant pleaded “not true” 

to the State’s allegations. Following a hearing on August 5, 2010, the trial court found 

the allegations in paragraphs II, III, and VI of the State’s motion to be “true,” revoked 

appellant’s community supervision, and sentenced him to seven years’ imprisonment.

II. STANDARD OF REVIEW AND APPLICABLE LAW

In a community supervision revocation hearing, the State need only prove its 

allegations by a preponderance of the evidence. Jones v. State, 112 S.W.3d 266, 268 

(Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 2003, no pet.); Herrera v. State, 951 S.W.2d 197, 199 (Tex. 

App.–Corpus Christi 1997, no pet.) (citing Cobb v. State, 851 S.W.2d 871, 873 (Tex. 

Crim. App. 1993)). This standard is met when the greater weight of the credible 

evidence creates a reasonable belief that the defendant violated a condition of 

 

2

See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 38.10(a), (f) (Vernon 2003); id. § 12.42 (Vernon Supp. 2010). 
3

probation as the State alleged. In the Interest of B.C.C., 187 S.W.3d 721, 724 (Tex. 

App.–Tyler 2006, no pet.) (citing Cobb, 851 S.W.2d at 873); see also In re M.A.H., No. 

13-07-426-CV, 2008 Tex. App. LEXIS 6864, at *3-4 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi Aug. 28, 

2008, no pet.) (mem. op.). Appellate review of an order revoking community 

supervision is limited to a determination of whether the court abused its discretion.

Canseco v. State, 199 S.W.3d 437, 439 (Tex. App.–Houston [1st Dist.] 2006, pet. ref’d). 

A single violation of a probation condition is sufficient to support the trial court's decision 

to revoke probation. Id. 

The trial court is the trier of facts in a revocation proceeding and the sole judge of 

the credibility of witnesses and the weight to be given to the testimony. Id. We examine 

the record of the revocation proceeding in the light most favorable to the trial court's 

ruling. Id.

An appellate court may not disturb a trial court's evidentiary rulings absent an 

abuse of discretion. Winegarner v. State, 235 S.W.3d 787, 790 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007).

In other words, as long as the trial court's decision was within the zone of reasonable 

disagreement and was correct under any theory of law applicable to the case, it must be 

upheld. Id. (citing Montgomery v. State, 810 S.W.2d 372, 391 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991) 

(op. on reh'g)). This is so because trial courts are usually in the best position to 

determine whether certain evidence should be admitted or excluded. Id.

III. DISCUSSION

Appellant contends that the trial court erred in admitting State’s Exhibit 1 at the 

revocation hearing. State’s Exhibit 1 is a six-page printout documenting a record of the 

community supervision department’s contacts or attempted contacts with appellant.
4

The only witness at the revocation hearing was Mark Angell, the probation officer 

who interviewed and processed appellant when he was placed on community 

supervision. At the hearing, Officer Angell consulted the “Chronological Record of 

Contacts” in appellant’s file regarding the community supervision department’s attempts 

to contact appellant. Over appellant’s objections, the trial court admitted State’s Exhibit 

1. 

Appellant argues that the trial court erred in admitting State’s Exhibit 1 because 

the State failed to lay the proper predicate for admitting the chronological record as a 

business record under rule of evidence 803(6). See TEX. R. EVID. 803(6). Appellant 

contends that the trial court “could not and/or would not have revoked [his] probation but 

for considering” State’s Exhbit 1. We find appellant’s argument to be without merit.

In Canseco, the First Court of Appeals addressed a very similar argument: that 

the trial court abused its discretion in allowing a probation officer to testify from a 

probation file because the officer did not have personal knowledge of the contents of the 

file. See Canseco, 199 S.W.3d at 439. The First Court rejected the appellant’s 

argument, noting:

"To authenticate a record of a regularly conducted activity, . . . Rule 803(6) 

does not require that the person authenticating the record be either the 

creator of the record or to have personal knowledge of the information 

recorded therein." Desselles v. State, 934 S.W.2d 874, 876 (Tex. App.–

Waco 1996, no pet.). Rather, the testifying witness need only have 

knowledge of how the record was prepared. Id. Thus, the Court of 

Criminal Appeals has determined that a probation file is admissible as a 

business record, even though the testifying witness does not have 

personal knowledge of the entries in the file, so long as the personnel who 

made the entries did have personal knowledge of the facts therein.

Simmons v. State, 564 S.W.2d 769, 770 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978); see also

Dodson v. State, 689 S.W.2d 483, 485 (Tex. App.–Houston [14th Dist.] 

1985, no pet.) (holding that, where proper predicate is laid, probation file is 

admissible as business record). Here, although Attebury did not have 
5

personal knowledge of all the entries in Canseco's probation file, he 

testified that Hill prepared the file and had personal knowledge of the facts 

she recorded in the file. The State therefore laid the proper predicate for 

admission of the probation file as a business record under Rule 803(6). 

See Desselles, 934 S.W.2d at 876.

Id. at 440. 

In the present case, Officer Angell testified that the chronological record is a 

computer printout of notes that he entered into the computer documenting contacts or 

attempted contacts with appellant. He testified that the information in the chronological 

record is taken in the ordinary course of being a probation officer, that he is one of the 

custodians of such business records, and that, unlike in Canseco, he made the entries, 

printed out the record, and made hand-written notes on it. We conclude that the State 

laid the proper predicate for admission of State’s Exhibit 1 as a business record under 

rule 803(6). See id. Accordingly, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in admitting 

State’s Exhibit 1. 

Moreover, we note that Officer Angell testified, without objection, that appellant 

violated the terms of his community supervision by failing to report to the community 

supervision department as directed, failing to pay costs and fees, refusing to provide a 

requested sample for alcohol and drug testing, and refusing to be transported to a State 

Contracted Intermediate Sanction Facility. Thus, even if we do not consider State’s 

Exhibit 1, Officer Angell’s testimony regarding any single violation of the terms of 

appellant’s community supervision was sufficient to support the trial court’s decision to 

revoke. See id. at 439. Thus, any error in admitting State’s Exhibit 1 is harmless. See 

TEX. R. APP. P. 44.2(b); Crocker v. State, 573 S.W.2d 190, 201 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978) 

(noting that "[i]t is well established that the improper admission of evidence does not 
6

constitute reversible error if the same facts are shown by other evidence which is not 

challenged"). We overrule appellant’s sole issue. 

IV. CONCLUSION

We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

DORI CONTRERAS GARZA

Justice

Do not publish.

TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b)

Delivered and filed the

24th day of March, 2011.