U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

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Rankings of Full-Time Occupations, by Annual Earnings, July 2004

by John E. Buckley

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Originally Posted: November 30, 2005

When occupations in the BLS National Compensation Survey are ranked by annual earnings, most of the highest paid

occupations are found in the professional and executive occupational groups. The lowest paid occupations are found mostly

in the service, administrative support, machine operators, and handlers groups.

In July 2004, annual pay averaged $38,494 for full-time workers in private industry and State and local governments,

according to data from the BLS National Compensation Survey (NCS). Physicians and airplane pilots and navigators topped

the list of 427 occupations ranked by earnings, with average earnings of $128,689 and $128,406, respectively. The average

annual earnings of these two occupations were not significantly different from those of the next three highest paid

occupations--medical science teachers, judges, and optometrists. Due to the relatively high standard errors for these five

occupations, users should exercise caution when making direct salary comparisons. (See table 1.)

These NCS results are based on findings of establishment-based surveys in a sample of 152 metropolitan and

nonmetropolitan areas. The sample represents the Nation’s 326 metropolitan statistical areas (as defined by the Office of

Management and Budget in 1994) and the remaining portions of the 50 States. Agricultural, private household, and Federal

Government workers are not included in the National Compensation Survey.1

High-paying Occupations

Top 10 percent. Of the 43 occupations with annual earnings in the top 10 percent, 32 were in the professional major

occupational group, 8 were in the executive group, 2 were in sales (securities and financial services sales occupations and

sales engineers), and 1 was in the service group (firefighting supervisors). Of the 32 professional occupations, 10 were

college or university teachers, with average annual earnings ranging from $121,230 for medical science teachers to $68,694

for English teachers. Workers in 5 of these 10 teaching positions had average annual earnings of at least $77,509. (Table 2

shows the highest and lowest paying occupations within each major occupational group.)

Top 20 percent. The 86 occupations in the top 20 percent of the earnings array were dominated by positions in the

professional and executive major occupational groups. (See table 1.) However, workers from other major groups begin to

appear in these high-earnings deciles. For example, the precision production major group had 5 occupations ranked in the

top 20 percent, with oil well drillers taking the 62nd spot and supervisory electricians and power transmission installers

ranked 66th. Real estate sales workers and mining, manufacturing, and wholesale sales representatives also were in the top

20 percent (ranked 57th and 86th, respectively), as were police and detective supervisors (58th) from the service group. (See 

appendix A for an alphabetical index of the 427 occupations in table 1.)

Low-paying Occupations

Bottom 10 percent. Average annual earnings ranged from $22,317 to $8,789 for full-time workers in occupations at the

bottom 10 percent of the wage ladder. About one-third of these 43 lowest paying positions were in the service major

occupational group. The remaining two-thirds were mostly accounted for by the following major groups: administrative

support, machine operators, handlers, and sales occupations. The low annual earnings for waiters and waitresses ($8,789) in

the service group may be misleading because the NCS does not include tips as part of wages. As a result, earnings for

waiters and waitresses may be understated. Assistants to waiters and waitresses were ranked 426th, with average annual

earnings of $12,432. (Rates for some other low-ranked occupations, such as bartenders, baggage porters and bellhops,

parking lot attendants, and taxicab drivers and chauffeurs, were similarly affected by the absence of information on tips.)
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Earnings Dispersion

Average annual earnings varied considerably within and among major occupational groups. The following tabulation

highlights the percentage spreads within each of the nine major occupational groups.2

Major occupational group

Percent by which highest paid

occupation exceeds the lowest

paid occupation within each of

the nine major occupational

groups

Professional and technical 767

Executive 418

Sales 387

Administrative support 193

Precision production 161

Machine operators 121

Transportation 194

Handlers 101

Service 681

The large spreads for professional and service jobs reflect the disparate jobs classified within these two major occupational

groups. Substitute teachers, for example, are professional workers, but their average earnings are among the lowest,

regardless of occupational group. When their earnings are compared with those of the highest ranked professional job

(physicians) a wide gap is produced. Similarly, the large gap for the service group results when earnings of high-paid

firefighting supervisors are compared with those of the lowest paid service occupation, waiters and waitresses. As noted

previously, earnings for wait staff do not include tips. If the data for waiters and waitresses are excluded from the

calculations, the earnings spread for the service group drops from 681 percent to 452 percent.

When the earnings estimates for the other (nonservice) occupational groups were recalculated to compare the average

earnings of the highest paid occupation with the average earnings of the second lowest paid occupation in the group, the gap

narrowed dramatically for the professional category (from 767 to 353 percent) and in the executive group (from 418 to 136

percent). Gaps for the remaining groups narrowed more moderately.

In addition to publishing annual salaries, the NCS publishes hourly wage rates for the occupations presented in this article.

Ranking occupations by hourly rates produces some rather significant positional changes from the annual earnings rankings. 

Table 3 shows the rankings for the 25 highest paid occupations, in terms of both annual and hourly earnings. Physicians,

who were ranked first in annual earnings, drop to 6th position when ranked on an hourly basis, which is below airplane pilots

and navigators, economics teachers, law teachers, optometrists, and judges.

The annual-versus-hourly rankings particularly affect teaching occupations, where salaries are based on a contract year that

generally requires several hundred fewer work hours annually than most full-time workers. Five teaching occupations are in

the top 25 in terms of annual earnings positions. When the same occupations are ranked by hourly earnings, 12 appear in

the top 25. Among the more noticeable shifts were theology teachers, moving from 67th place in the annual earnings ranking

to 22nd place in the hourly ranking; computer science teachers (51st to 20th); and business, commerce, and marketing

teachers (50th to 21st). All of the 12 high-paid college level teaching occupations moved up in rank when the hourly scale is

used, with the exception of medical science teachers, who dropped from 3rd place in the annual array to 9th place in the

hourly array. This drop reflects the 2,276 average annual hours reported for medical science teachers.
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The average weekly work hours (39.3) of full-time college teachers are close to the average for all full-time workers (39.6).

The shorter average annual work hours (1,602) for this group reflect a shorter work year (about 41 weeks). The work year for

teachers below the college level (1,438 hours) reflects a combination of shorter average workweek (36.7 hours) and shorter

work year (39 weeks).

The NCS classifies employees as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each

establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour workweek might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment,

but a part-time employee in another firm, where a 40-hour workweek is the minimum full-time schedule.

BLS collects data on earnings and associated hours directly from employers--either through a personal interview or by

telephone. Employers provide the appropriate hours information by accounting for all the duties of the occupation. The

collection of hours data is more difficult for some occupations than for others, and in some cases an estimate must be

accepted. In addition to flight hours, which are highly regulated and carefully recorded, airline pilots spend time preparing for

flights. In the case of elementary and secondary school teachers, hours of work include preparation time, administrative time,

and professional days. For college and university professors, research time and office hours are included with class time in

the total number of hours worked.

Reliability Of The Data

The data in this article are estimates from a scientifically selected, probability sample. There are two types of errors possible

in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling and nonsampling.

Sampling errors occur because observations come only from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample used

for the National Compensation Survey is one of a number of possible samples of the same size that could have been

selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from different samples yield different results.

A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. The standard error

indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible

samples. The relative standard error is the standard error divided by the estimate. Table 1 includes the relative standard

errors for all of the occupations in the table.

The standard error can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. As an example, the mean

annual earnings for physicians were $128,689, with a relative standard error of 12.5 percent. At the 90-percent level, the

confidence interval for this estimate is $102,227 to $155,151.3 If all possible samples were selected to estimate the

population value, the interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time.

Because of the substantial sizes of the relative standard errors of some of the earnings estimates presented in this article,

readers are advised to view the rankings with caution.

Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for

some establishments, difficulties with survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct information, or

mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. In addition, estimates are accepted when exact data elements are not

available and the respondent is confident that the estimates are reasonable (hours worked by teachers, for example).

Although the nonsampling errors are not specifically measured, they are expected to be minimal due to the extensive training

of the field economists who gather the survey data by personal visit or by telephone, computer edits of the data, and detailed

data review.

The Major Occupational Groups

The NCS classifies workers according to the Occupation Classification System, which is based on the 1990 Census of

Population. BLS is in the process of switching to the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system, and the NCS

expects to publish SOC-based data in 2006.

Following is a brief description of the nine major occupational groups, the types of occupations included in each group, and a

general description of the duties and skills required to fill the positions:
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Professional specialty and technical occupations. This major occupational group includes occupations concerned with

the study, application, and/or administration of physical, mathematical, scientific, engineering, architectural, social, medical,

legal statute, biological, behavioral, library, and/or religious laws, principles, practices, or theories. Some occupations are

concerned with interpreting, informing, expressing, or promoting ideas, products, and so forth by written, artistic, sound, or

physical mediums. Certain occupations that provide support in these fields are included in the professional group. Most

professional occupations require educational preparation.4

Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations. Managers plan, organize, direct, and control the major functions

of an industrial, commercial, or governmental establishment or department through subordinates who are at the managerial

or supervisory level. Managers make decisions and establish objectives for the department or establishment; they are

generally not directly concerned with the fabrication of products or with the provision of services. They possess knowledge of

the day-to-day operation of the organization, but do not necessarily have the detailed knowledge required of a first-line

supervisor. Most managers are classified in this major occupational group.

In the case of small establishments or departments, employees who plan, organize, direct, or control major functions may

also perform functions normally assigned to supervisors, such as supervising lower level employees. These employees are

classified as managers. This group also includes management-related workers who implement the establishment functions in

support of management at the operational level. Examples of these specialized functions are analyzing financial records and

policies, reviewing organizational structures and methods, purchasing goods for internal organizational use, and enforcing

standards and regulations.

Sales. The sales major occupational group includes occupations concerned with the selling of goods and services or

property, purchasing goods and services for resale, or conducting wholesale and retail business. Sales representatives or

agents and sales workers require knowledge of the goods or services sold, along with the ability to demonstrate product or

products, receive payments, and perform other sales-related activities. Supervisors who coordinate the activities of workers

who buy and sell goods and services are included in this group. Sales clerks and cashiers who are primarily concerned with

receiving and disbursing funds and require no special product knowledge are also included in this group.

Administrative support occupations, including clerical. This major occupational group includes all of the broad groups of

occupations performing activities relating to preparing, transcribing, systematizing, and preserving written communications

and records; collecting accounts; gathering and distributing information; operating office machines and electronic data

processing equipment; storing, distributing, and accounting for stores of materials; operating telephone switchboards,

distributing mail, and delivering messages; and performing other administrative and clerical support.

Precision production, craft, and repair. This group includes occupations involved in the fabricating, processing, inspecting,

or repairing of material, products, or structural units. Incumbents must have a thorough and comprehensive knowledge of

processes involved in their work, usually acquired through apprenticeship or intensive training. Workers must exercise

considerable independent judgment and must usually display a high degree of manual dexterity. Helpers are excluded from

this major occupational group, unless specifically included. However, apprentices who are learning a craft or trade through

on-the-job training and a formal apprenticeship training program are included, unless specifically excluded.

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors. Workers in this major occupational group set up and operate machinery,

perform repetitive manual or machine operations, or tend and control machines as part of a fairly well-defined work routine in

which some independent judgment or skill may be required.

Transportation and material moving occupations. This major occupational group covers workers concerned with activities

that are in immediate support of the operation and performance of transportation vehicles used to transport people or

material. It includes workers involved in the operation of material moving equipment that is stationary or has limited range. It

also includes the supervisors of these workers.

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers. Workers in this major occupational group perform unskilled, simple

duties, primarily manual, that may be learned within a short period of time and that require little or no independent judgment.
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These occupations ordinarily require little or no previous experience. Duties may require moderate to strenuous physical

exertion.

Service occupations, except private households. This major occupational group includes occupations concerned with

preparing and serving food and drinks in commercial, institutional, or other establishments, providing lodging and related

services, providing grooming, cosmetic, and other personal and health care services for children and adults, providing

protection for people and property, attending to the comfort or requests of patrons of amusement and recreation facilities, and

performing cleaning and maintenance services to interiors of buildings. Workers in these occupations provide personal and

protective services to individuals and commercial entities.

John E. Buckley

Economist, Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Telephone: (202) 691-6299; E-mail: Buckley.John@bls.gov

Notes

1 For more information on the scope of the National Compensation Surveys, see the technical note in National Compensation Survey:

Occupational Wages in the United States, July 2004, Bulletin 2576 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, September 2005), Appendix A, pp. 151-54;

available on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbl0757.pdf. The NCS website also provides comprehensive results from the 2004

survey.

2 The spreads are calculated by dividing the rate for the highest paying occupation by the lowest paying occupation within a major

occupational group, multiplying the result by 100, and subtracting 100. For example, the percent spread for the professional group is calculated

as follows: $128,689/14,841 = 8.67; (8.67 x 100) - 100 = 767 percent.

3 The confidence interval for physicians is calculated as follows: $128,689 plus or minus 1.645 times 12.5 percent of the mean [that is, 1.645

x .125 x $128,689 = $26,462]; ($128,689 + $26,462 = $155,151; $128,689 - $26,462 = $102,227).

4 The National Compensation Survey excludes individuals who set their own pay because their pay may not reflect market forces. These

individuals may be owners, owner-managers, or bona fide partners. Physicians, lawyers, and accountants who set their own pay, or have a

major influence in doing so, are typical examples of excluded individuals.

Table 1. Annual earnings of full-time(1) workers and annual work hours, National Compensation Survey, July 2004

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

1 Physicians $128,689 12.5 2243 Professional

2 Airplane pilots and navigators 128,406 7.7 1083 Professional

3 Medical science teachers 121,230 6.6 2276 Professional

4 Judges 118,134 12.9 2058 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

5 Optometrists 116,403 18.2 1975 Professional

6 Lawyers 105,716 5.2 2174 Professional

7 Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations 103,704 9.8 2131 Executive

8 Chief executives and general administrators,

public administration

102,405 11.9 2057 Executive

9 Economics teachers 99,516 12.1 1555 Professional

10

Securities and financial services sales

occupations 94,005 9.5 2068 Sales

11 Announcers 93,112 35.1 1938 Professional

12 Engineering teachers 92,358 6.3 1618 Professional

13 Petroleum engineers 89,981 8.3 2080 Professional

14 Law teachers 89,947 11.3 1526 Professional

15 Pharmacists 88,168 0.9 2065 Professional

16 Aerospace engineers 85,574 7.9 2083 Professional

17 Dentists 82,437 6.3 2142 Professional

18 Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 80,871 3.5 2142 Executive

19 Physicists and astronomers 80,039 10.2 2072 Professional

20 Electrical and electronic engineers 79,211 2.8 2117 Professional

21 Chemical engineers 78,645 4.4 2071 Professional

22 Financial managers 78,410 4.6 2105 Executive

23 Sales engineers 77,664 7.2 2171 Sales

24 Physics teachers 77,509 10.2 1442 Professional

25 Nuclear engineers 77,225 5.1 2080 Professional

26 Earth, environmental, and marine science

teachers 76,353 10.3 1440 Professional

27 Engineers, n.e.c. 76,307 3 2085 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

28 Operations and systems researchers and

analysts 73,460 4.4 2078 Professional

29 Computer systems analysts and scientists 73,327 2.2 2085 Professional

30 Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. 72,453 9.1 2084 Professional

31 Other financial officers 72,319 6.6 2085 Executive

32 Actuaries 72,088 7.3 2179 Professional

33 Biological science teachers 71,935 11.4 1722 Professional

34 Economists 71,672 8.2 2171 Professional

35 Sociology teachers 71,656 14.1 1609 Professional

36 Physicians' assistants 71,297 5 2083 Professional

37 Managers, medicine and health 70,871 3.4 2078 Executive

38 Geologists and geodesists 70,665 7.6 2131 Professional

39 Personnel and labor relations managers 70,283 8.7 2073 Executive

40 Health specialties teachers 70,120 6.8 1720 Professional

41 Administrators, education and related fields 68,765 3.7 1912 Executive

42 English teachers 68,694 10.7 1540 Professional

43 Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention

occupations 68,673 5.5 2533 Service

44 Technical writers 68,601 10.9 2103 Professional

45 Architects 68,315 3.7 2100 Professional

46 Surveyors and mapping scientists 67,437 9.6 2084 Professional

47 Industrial engineers 67,280 2.2 2132 Professional

48 Mechanical engineers 67,143 2.6 2119 Professional

49 Social science teachers, n.e.c. 67,014 5.7 1613 Professional

50 Business, commerce, and marketing teachers 66,743 12.1 1565 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

51 Computer science teachers 66,340 15.5 1555 Professional

52 Purchasing managers 66,337 6.9 2104 Professional

53 Physical scientists, n.e.c. 66,241 8.3 2138 Professional

54 Professional occupations, n.e.c. 66,129 6.5 2030 Professional

55 Civil engineers 66,085 3.5 2092 Professional

56 Administrators and officials, public

administration

65,828 2.6 2045 Executive

57 Real estate sales occupations 65,322 28.9 2073 Sales

58 Supervisors, police and detectives 64,461 3.1 2086 Service

59 Chemists, except biochemists 63,507 6 2073 Professional

60 Metallurgical and materials engineers 63,099 4.2 2094 Professional

61 Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. 63,051 12.4 2045 Executive

62 Drillers, oil well 62,409 41.7 2439 Precision production

63 Agriculture and forestry teachers 62,401 22.6 1566 Professional

64 Mathematical science teachers 61,873 10.2 1543 Professional

65 History teachers 61,615 9.1 1616 Professional

66 Supervisors, electricians and power

transmission installers 61,591 4.4 2091 Precision production

67 Theology teachers 61,088 6.9 1462 Professional

68 Psychology teachers 60,894 8.8 1629 Professional

69 Management analysts 60,622 4.7 2083 Executive

70 Computer programmers 60,229 6.8 2073 Professional

71 Actors and directors 60,006 15.9 2090 Professional

72 Agricultural and food scientists 58,890 7.1 2019 Professional

73 Education teachers 58,825 7 1534 Professional

74 Chemistry teachers 58,798 8.3 1565 Professional

75 Natural science teachers, n.e.c. 58,352 9.3 1458 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

76 Musicians and composers 58,337 13 1646 Professional

77 Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and

steamfitters 58,268 4.2 2032 Precision production

78 Physical therapists 58,201 1.6 2044 Professional

79 Railroad conductors and yardmasters 57,925 14.4 2216 Transportation

80 Public relations specialists 57,499 5.2 2051 Professional

81 Locomotive operating occupations 57,465 11.1 2120 Transportation

82 Biological and life scientists 57,076 14 2032 Professional

83 Power plant operators 56,437 3.4 2079 Precision production

84 Dental hygienists 56,387 4.1 1757 Professional

85 Supervisors, extractive occupations 56,228 18.2 2170 Precision production

86 Sales representative mining, manufacturing,

and wholesale

55,982 3.6 2094 Sales

87 Athletes 55,934 13.9 2023 Professional

88 Aircraft engine mechanics 55,515 6.9 2081 Precision production

89 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except

farm products 55,434 4.3 2083 Executive

90 Electrical power installers and repairers 55,377 2.6 2080 Precision production

91 Political science teachers 55,336 7 1588 Professional

92 Supervisors, carpenters and related workers 55,255 5.8 2110 Precision production

93 Brickmasons and stonemasons 54,980 6.8 2004 Precision production

94 Physical education teachers 54,660 5.9 1546 Professional

95 Urban planners 54,196 4.6 2052 Professional

96 Editors and reporters 54,001 12.3 2029 Professional

97 Mining occupations, n.e.c. 53,869 1.5 2048 Precision production

98 Foreign language teachers 53,763 13.9 1573 Professional

99 Aircraft mechanics, except engines 53,345 6.9 2080 Precision production

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

100 Registered nurses 53,289 1.3 2002 Professional

101 Sales occupations, other business services 52,542 5.8 2103 Sales

102 Art, drama, and music teachers 52,521 9 1498 Professional

103 Funeral directors 52,253 13.2 2303 Executive

104 Management related occupations, n.e.c. 52,188 2.1 2062 Executive

105 Telephone line installers and repairers 52,076 4.2 2064 Precision production

106 Trade and industrial teachers 52,059 9.1 1707 Professional

107 Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. 51,957 6.3 2083 Executive

108 Electricians 51,916 2.2 2064 Precision production

109 Statisticians 51,716 10.3 2044 Professional

110 Medical scientists 51,615 4 2056 Professional

111 Underwriters 51,531 7 2026 Executive

112 Psychologists 51,508 6.4 1776 Professional

113 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products 51,505 15.9 2048 Executive

114 Longshore equipment operators 51,379 11.4 1837 Transportation

115 Accountants and auditors 50,761 1.8 2073 Executive

116 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers 50,754 3.4 2134 Precision production

117 Librarians 50,596 4.3 1777 Professional

118 Sheetmetal duct installers 50,317 12.5 2080 Precision production

119 Occupational therapists 50,169 4.9 1983 Professional

120 Supervisors, agriculture-related workers 50,157 18.1 2110 Handlers

121 Personnel, training, and labor relations

specialists 50,150 2.8 2100 Executive

122 Police and detectives, public service 50,063 1 2073 Service

123 Social scientists, n.e.c. 49,708 11.6 1989 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 11

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

124 Telephone installers and repairers 49,550 2.9 2079 Precision production

125 Insurance sales occupations 49,363 7.7 2094 Sales

126 Archivists and curators 48,913 9 1913 Professional

127 Mechanical engineering technicians 48,594 3.8 2090 Professional

128 Tool and die makers 48,388 3.5 2085 Precision production

129 Industrial engineering technicians 48,143 5.4 2092 Professional

130 Electrical and electronic technicians 48,119 14.8 2089 Professional

131 Business and promotion agents 48,107 8.9 2066 Executive

132 Engineering technicians, n.e.c. 47,989 3.5 2063 Professional

133 Radiologic technicians 47,653 2.9 2048 Professional

134 Construction inspectors 47,491 4.9 2062 Executive

135 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters 47,389 3.1 2064 Precision production

136 Firefighting occupations 47,364 3 2499 Service

137 Teachers, n.e.c. 47,193 2.4 1470 Professional

138 Vocational and educational counselors 47,124 4 1650 Professional

139 Millwrights 46,958 5.9 2075 Precision production

140 Mechanical controls and valve repairers 46,871 3.7 2080 Precision production

141 Teachers, special education 46,820 2.8 1390 Professional

142 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats 46,679 5.4 2288 Sales

143

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction

46,667 3 2078 Executive

144 Supervisors, material moving equipment

operators 46,578 4.1 2120 Transportation

145 Precision inspectors, testers, and related

workers, n.e.c. 46,175 10 2080 Precision production

146 Secondary school teachers 46,038 1.4 1416 Professional

147 Stationary engineers 45,843 4.5 2065 Precision production

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 12

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

148 Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers 45,804 10.2 2034 Professional

149 Designers 45,756 6.6 2062 Professional

150 Street and door-to-door sales workers 45,485 21.5 2075 Sales

151 Electronic repairers, communications and

industrial equipment 45,470 5.4 2077 Precision production

152 Elementary school teachers 45,296 1 1393 Professional

153 Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons and

tilesetters 45,246 14.3 2080 Precision production

154 Speech therapists 45,197 7.8 1618 Professional

155 Advertising and related sales occupations 45,042 13.1 2038 Sales

156 Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. 45,022 3.3 2080 Transportation

157 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and

adjusting clerks 44,840 4.4 2081 Administrative support

158 Drafters 44,817 3.9 2082 Professional

159 Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and

plasterers 44,752 5.6 2100 Precision production

160 Supervisors, production occupations 44,631 2.2 2100 Precision production

161 Managers, food serving and lodging

establishments 44,598 6.8 2191 Executive

162 Miscellaneous plant and systems operators,

n.e.c.

44,525 6.2 2057 Precision production

163 Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. 44,496 4.9 2064 Precision production

164 Respiratory therapists 44,326 2.7 2019 Professional

165 Managers, properties and real estate 44,013 4.8 2059 Executive

166 Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal 43,616 9.6 2079 Precision production

167 Dietitians 43,603 4.5 2069 Professional

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 13

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

168 Chemical technicians 43,548 6.1 2071 Professional

169 Forestry and conservation scientists 43,282 10.1 2072 Professional

170 Supervisors, financial records processing 43,274 3.4 2036 Administrative support

171 Industrial machinery repairers 42,935 2.5 2072 Precision production

172 Chief communications operators 42,644 4.7 2080 Administrative support

173 Supervisors, sales occupations 42,640 3.9 2167 Sales

174 Tool programmers, numerical control 42,638 6.6 2080 Professional

175 Carpet installers 42,584 18.3 2080 Precision production

176 Science technicians, n.e.c. 42,536 10.3 2047 Professional

177 Technical and related occupations, n.e.c. 42,265 6.7 2074 Professional

178 Mining machine operators 42,242 11.2 2080 Precision production

179 Precision assemblers, metal 42,024 6.6 2080 Precision production

180 Data processing equipment repairers 41,987 9.5 2057 Precision production

181 Clergy 41,976 17.9 2395 Professional

182 Structural metal workers 41,975 6.2 2075 Precision production

183 Supervisors, guards 41,767 8.2 2057 Service

184 Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats 41,284 9.3 2319 Transportation

185 Tile setters, hard and soft 40,789 20.4 2071 Precision production

186 Machinists 40,736 2.6 2078 Precision production

187 Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations 40,703 15.9 2171 Service

188 Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators 40,659 5.2 2071 Machine operators

189 Legal assistants 40,493 4.9 1987 Professional

190 Water and sewer treatment plant operators 40,323 2.8 2080 Precision production

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 14

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

191 Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement

officers 40,219 2.5 2073 Service

192 Inspectors, testers and graders 40,214 3.2 2092 Precision production

193 Supervisors, general office 39,914 3.8 2050 Administrative support

194 Operating engineers 39,901 6.4 1938 Transportation

195 Supervisors, motor vehicle operators 39,791 6.1 2192 Transportation

196 Carpenters 39,688 4.1 2060 Precision production

197 Layout workers 39,476 17.2 2080 Precision production

198 Therapists, n.e.c. 39,385 12.2 2046 Professional

199 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners,

and laborers, n.e.c. 39,260 8.1 2038 Handlers

200 Heavy equipment mechanics 39,252 3.3 2078 Precision production

201 Automobile mechanics 38,967 3.1 2097 Precision production

202 Sheetmetal workers 38,680 6.5 2051 Precision production

203 Tool and die maker apprentices 38,457 9.5 2080 Precision production

204

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and

investigators 37,935 4.5 2028 Administrative support

205 Supervisors, computer equipment operators 37,880 13.4 2039 Administrative support

206 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics 37,500 2.2 2083 Precision production

207 Patternmakers and modelmakers, wood 37,445 14.6 2080 Precision production

208 Production coordinators 37,378 3.5 2079 Administrative support

209 Marine engineers 37,254 16.5 2056 Transportation

210 Glaziers 37,092 6.9 2080 Precision production

211 Social workers 37,090 2.7 2007 Professional

212 Adjusters and calibrators 36,963 12.3 1967 Precision production

213 Biological technicians 36,884 3.7 2066 Professional

214 Proofreaders 36,686 18.2 2080 Administrative support

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 15

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

215 Concrete and terrazzo finishers 36,639 10.1 1977 Precision production

216 Meter readers 36,635 4.1 2080 Administrative support

217 Religious workers, n.e.c. 36,584 17.2 1948 Professional

218 Insulation workers 36,542 11.1 2071 Precision production

219 Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners 36,538 7.7 2073 Precision production

220 Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters 36,294 7 1948 Precision production

221 Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings 36,282 12.2 2181 Sales

222 Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians 36,069 3.8 2024 Professional

223 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics 36,057 3.3 2076 Precision production

224 Photoengravers and lithographers 35,918 4.4 2040 Machine operators

225 Correctional institution officers 35,618 6.4 2075 Service

226 Boilermakers 35,596 7.9 2075 Precision production

227 Stenographers 35,477 6 2003 Administrative support

228 Construction trades, n.e.c. 35,278 5.4 2011 Precision production

229 Dispatchers 35,115 5.7 2103 Administrative support

230 Supervisors, cleaning and building service

workers 35,002 5.1 2060 Service

231 Recreation workers 34,998 6.3 1950 Professional

232 Health record technologists and technicians 34,781 7.6 2055 Professional

233 Crane and tower operators 34,762 7.9 2080 Transportation

234 Lathe and turning-machine operators 34,696 5 2078 Machine operators

235 Broadcast equipment operators 34,606 9 2045 Professional

236 Hand engraving and printing occupations 34,605 20.2 1983 Machine operators

237 Roofers 34,514 9.5 1948 Precision production

238 Expeditors 34,358 4.1 2054 Administrative support

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 16

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

239 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. 34,237 2.1 2067 Professional

240 Office machine repairers 34,193 11.6 2076 Precision production

241 Excavating and loading machine operators 34,184 4.5 2031 Transportation

242 Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. 34,164 2.9 2051 Precision production

243 Lathe and turning-machine set-up operators 34,107 4.9 2080 Machine operators

244 Licensed practical nurses 34,073 1.4 2035 Professional

245 Photographers 34,048 11.4 2051 Professional

246 Welders and cutters 33,843 2.4 2073 Machine operators

247 Heat treating equipment operators 33,817 6.5 2066 Machine operators

248 Drywall installers 33,699 4.8 2066 Precision production

249 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators 33,568 5.2 2061 Transportation

250 Prekindergarten and kindergarten teachers 33,487 7.6 1672 Professional

251 Household appliance and power tool repairers 33,469 5.8 2090 Precision production

252 Automobile body and related repairers 33,285 3.7 2080 Precision production

253 Public transportation attendants 33,267 1.8 1030 Service

254 Printing press operators 33,251 2.2 2055 Machine operators

255 Surveying and mapping technicians 33,217 6.9 2067 Professional

256 Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. 33,184 3.6 2074 Machine operators

257 Supervisors, personal service occupations 33,141 8.2 2095 Service

258 Material moving equipment operators, n.e.c. 33,127 4.2 2069 Transportation

259 Payroll and timekeeping clerks 33,110 3.1 2061 Administrative support

260 Personnel clerks, except payroll and

timekeeping

32,898 2.8 2068 Administrative support

261 Machinery maintenance occupations 32,891 4.6 2066 Precision production

262 Numerical control machine operators 32,849 3.8 2078 Machine operators

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 17

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

263 Weighers, measurers, checkers and samplers 32,729 6.9 2073 Administrative support

264 Computer operators 32,716 3.2 2063 Administrative support

265 Investigators and adjusters, except insurance 32,549 2.3 2066 Administrative support

266 Carpenter apprentices 32,542 7.9 2080 Precision production

267 Locksmiths and safe repairers 32,434 8.8 2149 Precision production

268 Truck drivers 32,395 2.2 2161 Transportation

269 Mixing and blending machine operators 32,358 5 2043 Machine operators

270 Secretaries 32,349 1 1994 Administrative support

271 Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers 32,285 13.1 2080 Precision production

272 Dental laboratory and medical appliance

technicians 31,979 3.1 2059 Precision production

273 Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. 31,693 8.1 2069 Precision production

274 Furnace, kiln and oven operators, except food 31,443 6.8 2068 Machine operators

275 Farm equipment mechanics 31,315 5.3 2154 Precision production

276 Electrician apprentices 31,292 3.9 2067 Precision production

277 Garbage collectors 31,284 8.2 2172 Handlers

278 Driver-sales workers 31,263 6.4 2104 Transportation

279 Sales workers, parts 31,069 5.9 2113 Sales

280 Small engine repairers 31,036 8.3 2062 Precision production

281 Sales support occupations, n.e.c. 30,999 6.5 2040 Sales

282 Statistical clerks 30,586 4.5 2041 Administrative support

283 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks 30,488 2.7 2048 Administrative support

284 Upholsterers 30,474 16.2 2080 Precision production

285 Eligibility clerks, social welfare 30,467 2.1 2021 Administrative support

286 Plasterers 30,396 8.7 2048 Precision production

287 Painting and paint spraying machine operators 30,374 3.4 2081 Machine operators

288 Order clerks 30,315 3.1 2069 Administrative support

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 18

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

289 Typesetters and compositors 30,179 6.5 2011 Machine operators

290 Plumber, pipefitter and steamfitter apprentices 30,166 4.5 2078 Precision production

291 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 30,104 5.4 2109 Sales

292 Transportation ticket and reservation agents 30,044 6 2054 Administrative support

293 Typists 29,900 2.3 1991 Administrative support

294 Machine operators, n.e.c. 29,736 2.8 2060 Machine operators

295 Precious stones and metals workers 29,727 14.8 2067 Precision production

296 Assemblers 29,698 2.7 2074 Machine operators

297 Tailors 29,674 13.3 2040 Precision production

298 Administrative support occupations, n.e.c. 29,653 1.7 2035 Administrative support

299

Industrial truck and tractor equipment

operators 29,642 2.6 2066 Transportation

300 Paving, surfacing and tamping equipment

operators 29,623 19.7 1865 Precision production

301 Milling and planing machine operators 29,593 5.1 2080 Machine operators

302 Rolling machine operators 29,568 10.4 2080 Machine operators

303 Guides 29,523 8.3 2026 Service

304 Folding machine operators 29,485 10.1 2080 Machine operators

305 Painters, construction and maintenance 29,466 4.6 2025 Precision production

306 Correspondence clerks 29,459 3.6 2080 Administrative support

307 Peripheral equipment operators 29,368 8.2 2053 Administrative support

308 Automobile mechanic apprentices 29,318 12 2124 Precision production

309 Bill and account collectors 29,144 6.7 2048 Administrative support

310 Slicing and cutting machine operators 29,056 3.3 2074 Machine operators

311 Bookbinders 29,055 10.7 2071 Precision production

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 19

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

312 Dental assistants 28,842 3.9 1889 Service

313 Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine

operators 28,783 10.7 2080 Machine operators

314 Metal plating machine operators 28,562 6.3 2074 Machine operators

315 Production inspectors, checkers, and

examiners 28,558 4.4 2067 Machine operators

316 Crushing and grinding machine operators 28,524 7.6 2034 Machine operators

317 Billing, posting, and calculating machine

operators 28,494 5.5 2029 Administrative support

318 Forging machine operators 28,405 9.5 2065 Machine operators

319 Extruding and forming machine operators 28,398 4.5 2055 Machine operators

320 Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 28,388 6.3 1993 Professional

321 Telephone operators 28,381 7.2 2017 Administrative support

322 Sailors and deckhands 28,350 4.6 2393 Transportation

323 Construction laborers 28,263 3.4 1994 Handlers

324 Records clerks, n.e.c. 28,225 1.9 2036 Administrative support

325 Sales workers, other commodities 28,137 4.6 2042 Sales

326 Punching and stamping press operators 28,132 7.7 2080 Machine operators

327 Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks 28,030 2.6 2072 Administrative support

328 Bus drivers 28,017 2.8 1728 Transportation

329 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing

machine operators 28,008 2.6 2076 Machine operators

330 Information clerks, n.e.c. 27,978 2.2 2057 Administrative support

331 Supervisors, food preparation and service

occupations 27,856 2.9 2060 Service

332 Packaging and filling machine operators 27,668 3.9 2067 Machine operators

333 Winding and twisting machine operators 27,619 8.9 2068 Machine operators

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 20

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

334 General office clerks 27,459 1.1 2025 Administrative support

335 Furniture and wood finishers 27,412 7 2080 Precision production

336 Hairdressers and cosmetologists 27,331 11.4 1973 Service

337 Billing clerks 27,240 2.6 2064 Administrative support

338 Cabinet makers and bench carpenters 27,141 6.1 2079 Precision production

339 Production samplers and weighers 27,075 14.8 2080 Machine operators

340 Electrical and electronic equipment

assemblers 26,987 4 2076 Precision production

341 Production testers 26,972 8 2073 Machine operators

342 Drilling and boring machine operators 26,970 11.1 2075 Machine operators

343 Roasting and baking machine operators, food 26,799 9.8 2080 Machine operators

344 Shaping and joining machine operators 26,775 2.9 2079 Machine operators

345 Stock and inventory clerks 26,642 2.5 2062 Administrative support

346 Molding and casting machine operators 26,516 3.8 2064 Machine operators

347 Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. 26,460 2.7 2069 Handlers

348 Protective service occupations, n.e.c. 26,413 10.6 1908 Service

349 Motor transport occupations, n.e.c. 26,141 5.9 2035 Transportation

350 Hand working occupations, n.e.c. 26,102 6.4 2057 Machine operators

351 Classified ad clerks 25,846 7.4 2017 Administrative support

352 Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators 25,816 6.9 2057 Administrative support

353 Mail clerks, except postal service 25,799 6.7 2016 Administrative support

354 Cost and rate clerks 25,738 12.6 2097 Administrative support

355 Data entry keyers 25,621 2.4 2049 Administrative support

356 Interviewers 25,278 4.1 2054 Administrative support

357 Food batchmakers 25,247 9.7 2090 Precision production

358 Helpers, construction trades 25,180 4.1 2035 Handlers

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 21

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

359 Duplicating machine operators 25,128 9.1 2043 Administrative support

360 Cementing and gluing machine operators 24,965 9.8 2080 Machine operators

361 Photographic process machine operators 24,842 5.4 2021 Machine operators

362 Compressing and compacting machine

operators 24,713 4.4 2075 Machine operators

363 Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. 24,672 4.5 2070 Administrative support

364 Service occupations, n.e.c. 24,519 5.9 2032 Service

365 Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators 24,498 7.3 2080 Machine operators

366 Helpers, mechanics and repairers 24,399 6.1 2059 Handlers

367 Sawing machine operators 24,379 4.8 2072 Machine operators

368 Health aides, except nursing 24,374 2.8 2041 Service

369 Butchers and meat cutters 24,356 4.2 2060 Precision production

370 Animal caretakers, except farm 24,327 8 2056 Handlers

371 Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. 23,968 2.9 2057 Handlers

372 Library clerks 23,920 3.2 1817 Administrative support

373 Bakers 23,913 4.6 2045 Precision production

374 Knitting, looping, taping and weaving machine

operators 23,886 1.9 2077 Machine operators

375 Production helpers 23,841 3.2 2067 Handlers

376 Hand inspectors, n.e.c. 23,730 7.7 2076 Machine operators

377 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 23,691 4 1962 Handlers

378 Receptionists 23,589 2 2048 Administrative support

379 Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. 23,324 11.7 1912 Administrative support

380 Janitors and cleaners 23,310 2 2041 Service

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 22

Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

381 Solderers and braziers 23,189 10.9 2080 Machine operators

382 Stock handlers and baggers 23,078 1.9 2058 Handlers

383 File clerks 23,038 2.9 2031 Administrative support

384 Hand painting, coating, and decorating

occupations 22,489 12.2 2070 Machine operators

385 Bank tellers 22,317 1.8 2049 Administrative support

386 Welfare service aides 22,161 4.2 2002 Service

387 Hand molding, casting, and forming

occupations 22,100 12.1 2080 Machine operators

388 Machine feeders and offbearers 22,095 3.8 2068 Handlers

389 Nursery workers 21,671 9.5 1937 Handlers

390 Sales workers, apparel 21,510 9.7 1933 Sales

391 Sales workers, shoes 21,466 11.5 1957 Sales

392 Surveyor helpers 21,429 5.8 2056 Handlers

393 Graders and sorters, except agricultural 21,398 5.7 2032 Machine operators

394 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners 21,156 3.7 2079 Handlers

395 Inspectors, agricultural products 21,113 17.5 2053 Handlers

396 Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances 21,082 9.5 2058 Sales

397 Sales counter clerks 21,062 4.9 2014 Sales

398 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants 20,959 1.1 2015 Service

399 Textile cutting machine operators 20,896 5 2010 Machine operators

400 Office machine operators, n.e.c. 20,771 6.4 2060 Administrative support

401 Parking lot attendants 20,629 10.7 2080 Transportation

402 Guards and police, except public service 20,612 2.2 2052 Service

403 Messengers 20,594 10.7 2045 Administrative support

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

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Rank Occupation

Annual earnings(2) Mean annual

hours

Major occupational

Mean Relative error group(3)

(percent)(4)

404 Hand packers and packagers 20,419 4.5 2038 Handlers

405 Hand cutting and trimming occupations 20,098 12 2075 Machine operators

406 Legislators 20,013 30.7 1300 Executive

407 Cooks 19,818 1.5 1980 Service

408 Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 19,677 6.8 2015 Transportation

409 Garage and service station related

occupations 19,527 6.7 2068 Handlers

410 Helpers, extractive occupations 19,513 16.2 1898 Handlers

411

Laundering and dry cleaning machine

operators 19,417 6.6 2048 Machine operators

412 Cashiers 19,305 1.8 2033 Sales

413 Pressing machine operators 19,056 5 2065 Machine operators

414 Textile sewing machine operators 18,385 6.1 2035 Machine operators

415 Child care workers, n.e.c. 18,325 5 1945 Service

416 Hotel clerks 18,255 2.4 2022 Administrative support

417 Kitchen workers, food preparation 17,001 2.6 1933 Service

418 Maids and housemen 16,646 1.8 1997 Service

419 Early childhood teachers' assistants 16,138 5 1813 Service

420 Food preparation occupations, n.e.c. 16,109 1.4 1937 Service

421 Teachers aides 15,284 1.6 1376 Administrative support

422 Baggage porters and bellhops 14,970 6 1993 Service

423 Substitute teachers 14,841 15.2 1237 Professional

424 Attendants, amusement and recreation

facilities 14,637 4.6 2021 Service

425 Bartenders 13,284 6.2 1944 Service

426 Waiters'/waitresses' assistants 12,432 6.3 1966 Service

427 Waiters and waitresses 8,789 5.3 1906 Service

Footnotes:

(1) Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.

Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as parttime in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.

(2) Earnings are straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard

pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by totaling

the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.

(3) The National Compensation Survey classifies occupations into nine major groups. The full titles used are: (1) professional specialty and

technical; (2) executive, administrative, and managerial; (3) sales; (4) administrative support, including clerical; (5) precision production, craft,

and repair; (6) machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors; (7) transportation and material moving; (8) handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers; and (9) service occupations, except private households.

(4) The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"

around a sample estimate.

NOTE: The n.e.c. reference after some occupational titles means "not elsewhere classified."
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 24

Table 2. Highest and lowest paying occupations within each major occupational group of the National Compensation

Survey, July 2004

Major occupational

group

Highest-paying occupation Lowest-paying occupation

Occupation Mean annual

earnings Rank Occupation Mean annualearnings Rank

Professional and

technical Physicians $128,689 1

Substitute

teachers $14,841 423

Executive Managers, marketing,

advertising, and public relations 103,704 7 Legislators 20,013 406

Sales occupations Security and financial services

sales occupations 94,005 10 Cashiers 19,305 412

Administrative

support

Supervisors, distribution,

scheduling, and adjusting clerks 44,840 157 Teachers' aides 15,284 421

Precision production Drillers, oil well 62,409 62 Bakers 23,913 373

Machine operators Separating, filtering, and

clarifying machine operators 40,659 188 Textile sewingmachine operators 18,385 414

Transportation Railroad conductors and yard

masters 57,925 79

Taxicab drivers

and chauffeurs 19,677 408

Handlers

Supervisors, handlers,

equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c.

39,260 199 Helpers, extractive

occupations 19,513 410

Service occupations Supervisors, firefighting and fire

prevention occupations 68,673 43

Waiters and

waitresses 8,789 427

Table 3. Comparison of 25 top ranked occupations by average annual and hourly earnings, full-time workers, National

Compensation Survey, July 2004

Occupation Ranked by annual rates Ranked by hourly rates

Physicians 1 6

Airplane pilots and navigators 2 1

Medical science teachers 3 9

Judges 4 5

Optometrists 5 4

Lawyers 6 13

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations 7 12

Chief executives and general administrators, public administration 8 11

Economics teachers 9 2

Securities and financial services sales occupations 10 15

Announcers 11 14

Engineering teachers 12 7

Petroleum engineers 13 18

Law teachers 14 3

Pharmacists 15 19

Aerospace engineers 16 25

NOTE: Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers ranked 26th on an annual earnings basis and 10th on the hourly scale.
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

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Occupation Ranked by annual rates Ranked by hourly rates

Dentists 17 31

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 18 35

Physicists and astronomers 19 30

Electrical and electronic engineers 20 37

Chemical engineers 21 34

Financial managers 22 39

Sales engineers 23 43

Physics teachers 24 8

Nuclear engineers 25 40

Occupations whose ranking entered or left the top 25 positions when annual and hourly earnings were compared

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers 50 21

Biological science teachers 33 23

Social science teachers, n.e.c. 49 24

English teachers 42 16

Sociology teachers 35 17

Computer science teachers 51 20

Theology teachers 67 22

NOTE: Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers ranked 26th on an annual earnings basis and 10th on the hourly scale.

Appendix A. Alphabetical index of occupations from the July, 2004 National Compensation Survey

Rank Occupation

115 Accountants and auditors

71 Actors and directors

32 Actuaries

212 Adjusters and calibrators

298 Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.

56 Administrators and officials, public administration

41 Administrators, education and related fields

155 Advertising and related sales occupations

16 Aerospace engineers

72 Agricultural and food scientists

63 Agriculture and forestry teachers

88 Aircraft engine mechanics

99 Aircraft mechanics, except engines

2 Airplane pilots and navigators

370 Animal caretakers, except farm

11 Announcers

45 Architects

126 Archivists and curators

102 Art, drama, and music teachers

320 Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.

296 Assemblers
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

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Rank Occupation

87 Athletes

424 Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities

252 Automobile body and related repairers

308 Automobile mechanic apprentices

201 Automobile mechanics

422 Baggage porters and bellhops

373 Bakers

385 Bank tellers

425 Bartenders

309 Bill and account collectors

337 Billing clerks

317 Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators

82 Biological and life scientists

33 Biological science teachers

213 Biological technicians

226 Boilermakers

311 Bookbinders

283 Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks

93 Brickmasons and stonemasons

235 Broadcast equipment operators

328 Bus drivers

206 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics

131 Business and promotion agents

50 Business, commerce, and marketing teachers

369 Butchers and meat cutters

89 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products

338 Cabinet makers and bench carpenters

266 Carpenter apprentices

196 Carpenters

175 Carpet installers

412 Cashiers

360 Cementing and gluing machine operators

21 Chemical engineers

168 Chemical technicians

74 Chemistry teachers

59 Chemists, except biochemists

172 Chief communications operators

8 Chief executives and general administrators, public administration

415 Child care workers, n.e.c.

55 Civil engineers

351 Classified ad clerks

181 Clergy

222 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians

379 Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 27

Rank Occupation

362 Compressing and compacting machine operators

264 Computer operators

70 Computer programmers

51 Computer science teachers

29 Computer systems analysts and scientists

215 Concrete and terrazzo finishers

134 Construction inspectors

323 Construction laborers

228 Construction trades, n.e.c.

407 Cooks

225 Correctional institution officers

306 Correspondence clerks

354 Cost and rate clerks

233 Crane and tower operators

316 Crushing and grinding machine operators

355 Data entry keyers

180 Data processing equipment repairers

312 Dental assistants

84 Dental hygienists

272 Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians

17 Dentists

149 Designers

167 Dietitians

229 Dispatchers

158 Drafters

62 Drillers, oil well

342 Drilling and boring machine operators

278 Driver-sales workers

248 Drywall installers

359 Duplicating machine operators

419 Early childhood teachers' assistants

26 Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers

9 Economics teachers

34 Economists

96 Editors and reporters

73 Education teachers

20 Electrical and electronic engineers

340 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers

130 Electrical and electronic technicians

90 Electrical power installers and repairers

276 Electrician apprentices

108 Electricians

151 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment

152 Elementary school teachers
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 28

Rank Occupation

285 Eligibility clerks, social welfare

12 Engineering teachers

132 Engineering technicians, n.e.c.

27 Engineers, n.e.c.

42 English teachers

241 Excavating and loading machine operators

238 Expeditors

319 Extruding and forming machine operators

256 Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.

275 Farm equipment mechanics

383 File clerks

22 Financial managers

187 Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations

136 Firefighting occupations

304 Folding machine operators

357 Food batchmakers

420 Food preparation occupations, n.e.c.

98 Foreign language teachers

169 Forestry and conservation scientists

318 Forging machine operators

347 Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c.

103 Funeral directors

274 Furnace, kiln and oven operators, except food

335 Furniture and wood finishers

409 Garage and service station related occupations

277 Garbage collectors

334 General office clerks

38 Geologists and geodesists

210 Glaziers

249 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators

393 Graders and sorters, except agricultural

329 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators

377 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm

402 Guards and police, except public service

303 Guides

336 Hairdressers and cosmetologists

405 Hand cutting and trimming occupations

236 Hand engraving and printing occupations

376 Hand inspectors, n.e.c.

271 Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers

387 Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations

404 Hand packers and packagers

384 Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations

350 Hand working occupations, n.e.c.
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 29

Rank Occupation

368 Health aides, except nursing

30 Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.

232 Health record technologists and technicians

40 Health specialties teachers

239 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.

247 Heat treating equipment operators

223 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics

200 Heavy equipment mechanics

358 Helpers, construction trades

410 Helpers, extractive occupations

366 Helpers, mechanics and repairers

65 History teachers

416 Hotel clerks

251 Household appliance and power tool repairers

129 Industrial engineering technicians

47 Industrial engineers

171 Industrial machinery repairers

299 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators

330 Information clerks, n.e.c.

143 Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction

395 Inspectors, agricultural products

192 Inspectors, testers and graders

218 Insulation workers

204 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators

125 Insurance sales occupations

356 Interviewers

265 Investigators and adjusters, except insurance

380 Janitors and cleaners

4 Judges

417 Kitchen workers, food preparation

374 Knitting, looping, taping and weaving machine operators

371 Laborers, except construction, n.e.c.

234 Lathe and turning-machine operators

243 Lathe and turning-machine set-up operators

411 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators

14 Law teachers

6 Lawyers

197 Layout workers

189 Legal assistants

406 Legislators

117 Librarians

372 Library clerks

244 Licensed practical nurses

267 Locksmiths and safe repairers
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 30

Rank Occupation

81 Locomotive operating occupations

114 Longshore equipment operators

388 Machine feeders and offbearers

294 Machine operators, n.e.c.

261 Machinery maintenance occupations

186 Machinists

418 Maids and housemen

353 Mail clerks, except postal service

352 Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators

69 Management analysts

104 Management related occupations, n.e.c.

18 Managers and administrators, n.e.c.

161 Managers, food serving and lodging establishments

7 Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations

37 Managers, medicine and health

165 Managers, properties and real estate

61 Managers, service organizations, n.e.c.

209 Marine engineers

258 Material moving equipment operators, n.e.c.

363 Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks, n.e.c.

64 Mathematical science teachers

140 Mechanical controls and valve repairers

127 Mechanical engineering technicians

48 Mechanical engineers

242 Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c.

3 Medical science teachers

110 Medical scientists

403 Messengers

314 Metal plating machine operators

60 Metallurgical and materials engineers

216 Meter readers

301 Milling and planing machine operators

139 Millwrights

178 Mining machine operators

97 Mining occupations, n.e.c.

162 Miscellaneous plant and systems operators, n.e.c.

273 Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c.

269 Mixing and blending machine operators

346 Molding and casting machine operators

349 Motor transport occupations, n.e.c.

76 Musicians and composers

75 Natural science teachers, n.e.c.

25 Nuclear engineers

262 Numerical control machine operators
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 31

Rank Occupation

389 Nursery workers

398 Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants

119 Occupational therapists

400 Office machine operators, n.e.c.

240 Office machine repairers

194 Operating engineers

28 Operations and systems researchers and analysts

5 Optometrists

288 Order clerks

31 Other financial officers

332 Packaging and filling machine operators

305 Painters, construction and maintenance

148 Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist printmakers

287 Painting and paint spraying machine operators

401 Parking lot attendants

166 Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal

207 Patternmakers and modelmakers, wood

220 Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters

300 Paving, surfacing and tamping equipment operators

259 Payroll and timekeeping clerks

307 Peripheral equipment operators

39 Personnel and labor relations managers

260 Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping

121 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists

13 Petroleum engineers

15 Pharmacists

224 Photoengravers and lithographers

245 Photographers

361 Photographic process machine operators

94 Physical education teachers

53 Physical scientists, n.e.c.

78 Physical therapists

1 Physicians

36 Physicians' assistants

19 Physicists and astronomers

24 Physics teachers

286 Plasterers

290 Plumber, pipefitter and steamfitter apprentices

135 Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters

122 Police and detectives, public service

91 Political science teachers

83 Power plant operators

295 Precious stones and metals workers

179 Precision assemblers, metal
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 32

Rank Occupation

219 Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners

145 Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers, n.e.c.

250 Prekindergarten and kindergarten teachers

413 Pressing machine operators

254 Printing press operators

208 Production coordinators

375 Production helpers

315 Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners

339 Production samplers and weighers

341 Production testers

54 Professional occupations, n.e.c.

214 Proofreaders

348 Protective service occupations, n.e.c.

112 Psychologists

68 Psychology teachers

80 Public relations specialists

253 Public transportation attendants

326 Punching and stamping press operators

113 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products

107 Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.

52 Purchasing managers

133 Radiologic technicians

156 Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c.

79 Railroad conductors and yardmasters

57 Real estate sales occupations

378 Receptionists

324 Records clerks, n.e.c.

231 Recreation workers

100 Registered nurses

217 Religious workers, n.e.c.

164 Respiratory therapists

343 Roasting and baking machine operators, food

302 Rolling machine operators

237 Roofers

322 Sailors and deckhands

397 Sales counter clerks

23 Sales engineers

101 Sales occupations, other business services

86 Sales representative mining, manufacturing, and wholesale

281 Sales support occupations, n.e.c.

390 Sales workers, apparel

221 Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings

291 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies

142 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 33

Rank Occupation

325 Sales workers, other commodities

279 Sales workers, parts

396 Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances

391 Sales workers, shoes

367 Sawing machine operators

176 Science technicians, n.e.c.

146 Secondary school teachers

270 Secretaries

10 Securities and financial services sales occupations

188 Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators

364 Service occupations, n.e.c.

344 Shaping and joining machine operators

118 Sheetmetal duct installers

202 Sheetmetal workers

191 Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers

184 Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats

310 Slicing and cutting machine operators

280 Small engine repairers

49 Social science teachers, n.e.c.

123 Social scientists, n.e.c.

211 Social workers

35 Sociology teachers

381 Solderers and braziers

154 Speech therapists

147 Stationary engineers

282 Statistical clerks

109 Statisticians

227 Stenographers

345 Stock and inventory clerks

382 Stock handlers and baggers

150 Street and door-to-door sales workers

182 Structural metal workers

423 Substitute teachers

120 Supervisors, agriculture-related workers

153 Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons and tilesetters

92 Supervisors, carpenters and related workers

230 Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers

205 Supervisors, computer equipment operators

163 Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c.

157 Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks

66 Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers

85 Supervisors, extractive occupations

170 Supervisors, financial records processing

43 Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

Page 34

Rank Occupation

331 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations

193 Supervisors, general office

183 Supervisors, guards

199 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c.

144 Supervisors, material moving equipment operators

116 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers

195 Supervisors, motor vehicle operators

159 Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and plasterers

257 Supervisors, personal service occupations

77 Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

58 Supervisors, police and detectives

160 Supervisors, production occupations

173 Supervisors, sales occupations

255 Surveying and mapping technicians

392 Surveyor helpers

46 Surveyors and mapping scientists

297 Tailors

408 Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs

421 Teachers aides

137 Teachers, n.e.c.

141 Teachers, special education

177 Technical and related occupations, n.e.c.

44 Technical writers

124 Telephone installers and repairers

105 Telephone line installers and repairers

321 Telephone operators

399 Textile cutting machine operators

414 Textile sewing machine operators

67 Theology teachers

198 Therapists, n.e.c.

185 Tile setters, hard and soft

203 Tool and die maker apprentices

128 Tool and die makers

174 Tool programmers, numerical control

106 Trade and industrial teachers

327 Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks

292 Transportation ticket and reservation agents

268 Truck drivers

289 Typesetters and compositors

293 Typists

111 Underwriters

284 Upholsterers

95 Urban planners

394 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS COMPENSATION AND WORKING CONDITIONS

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Rank Occupation

138 Vocational and educational counselors

427 Waiters and waitresses

426 Waiters'/waitresses' assistants

313 Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators

190 Water and sewer treatment plant operators

263 Weighers, measurers, checkers and samplers

246 Welders and cutters

386 Welfare service aides

333 Winding and twisting machine operators

365 Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators

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