### Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Gambling Services Workers Summary
                        
            
                                                        
                                                                
                        
            
            
            
                            
                                                
                                                
                                                
                                                
            									
							
				                                                
                                            




            			gaming services occupations imageMany gaming services workers are employed by casinos.							
						Quick Facts:     Gambling Services Workers2023     Median Pay
            						$34,380     per year
										$16.53     per hourTypical Entry-Level Education
                                    High school diploma or equivalentWork Experience in a Related Occupation
                                    See How to Become OneOn-the-job Training
                                    See How to Become OneNumber of Jobs, 2022
                                    132,100Job Outlook, 2022-32
                                    1% (Little or no change)Employment Change, 2022-32
                                    1,700What Gambling Services Workers Do
                                                
                        
                        
Gambling services workers serve customers in gambling establishments, such as casinos or racetracks.
            
                        Work Environment
                        
Most gambling services workers are employed in gambling industries. Because most of these establishments are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, employees often work nights, weekends, and holidays. Most work full time, although part-time work is common.
            
                                                How to Become a Gambling Services Worker
                                                
                        
Gambling jobs typically require a high school diploma or equivalent to enter. Some employers require gambling managers to have a college degree. In addition, all gambling services workers must have excellent customer-service skills.
            
                        Pay
                        												                            																				    														The median annual wage for gambling services workers was $34,380 in May 2023.									                                					
						
            
                        Job Outlook
                        						
												Overall employment							of gambling services workers is projected to show little or no change							 from 2022 to 2032.
						Despite  limited  employment growth, about 19,400 openings for gambling services workers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
            			
            			 Most of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
						State & Area Data
                       Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for gambling services workers.
            
            
						
                        Similar Occupations
                        
                                                    Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of gambling services workers with similar occupations.
            
            
                        More Information, Including Links to O*NET
                        
                                               
                        Learn more about gambling services workers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.
 What Gambling Services Workers Do 
            

			Gaming services occupationsMany gambling dealers specialize in one type of game.			
Gambling services workers serve customers in gambling establishments, such as casinos or racetracks. Some workers tend slot machines or deal cards. Others take bets or pay out winnings. Still others supervise or manage gambling workers and operations.
Duties
Gambling services workers typically do the following:
Interact with customers and make sure that they have a pleasant experience
Monitor customers for violations of gambling rules or the establishment’s policies
Inform their supervisor or a security employee of any irregularities they see
Enforce safety rules and report hazards
Explain to customers how to play the gamesThe following are examples of types of gambling services workers:
***First-line supervisors of gambling services workers*** directly monitor and coordinate the activities of workers in assigned gambling areas. They move within their assigned areas make sure that everything is running smoothly and that all areas are properly staffed. ***Table games supervisors***(also called floor supervisors) oversee gambling dealers, table games, and players. ***Slot supervisors*** oversee activities of the slot department.
***Gambling and sports book writers and runners*** handle bets on sporting events and take and record bets for customers. In addition, they help run games such as bingo and keno. They verify tickets and pay out winning tickets, and some runners collect winning tickets from customers.
***Gambling dealers*** operate table games such as blackjack, craps, and roulette. They control the pace and action of the game, announcing each player’s move to the rest of the table and letting players know when it is their turn. They inspect cards or dice, pay off winning bets, and collect on winning bets. Dealers are often required to work at least two games, usually blackjack or craps.
***Gambling managers***, who also may be *casino managers*, plan, coordinate, or direct operations in a gambling establishment. They may create house rules, such as for betting limits, and address customer complaints about service. Gambling managers also hire and train new employees.
For information on *gambling cage workers*, see the profile on financial clerks. For information on *gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators*, see the profile on security guards and gambling surveillance officers.
 Work Environment
			Gaming services occupationsSlot supervisors are in charge of the slot department.			

	    
				
	
	    	    		Gambling services workers held about 132,100 jobs in 2022. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up gambling services workers was distributed as follows:
    	    	
    	Gambling dealers
                75,600First-line supervisors of gambling services workers
                29,700Gambling service workers, all other
                13,100Gambling and sports book writers and runners
                8,400Gambling managers
                5,300The largest employers of gambling services workers were as follows:
        Casino hotels
                33%Government
                26Gambling industries (except casino hotels)
                25Self-employed workers
                8Spectator sports
                2Gambling dealers spend most of their shift standing or sitting behind a table. Although managers and supervisors may spend limited time working in an office, they frequently monitor activities by circulating among areas on the floor of the establishment.
Casinos in some states are exempt from laws prohibiting smoking indoors. The atmosphere in these facilities may expose gambling services workers to hazards such as secondhand smoke from cigarettes, cigars, or pipes.
Noise from slot machines, gambling tables, and loud customers may be distracting, although workers may wear protective headgear in areas where machinery is used to count money.
Work Schedules
Most casinos are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Employees are often scheduled to work nights, weekends, and holidays, which are typically the busiest times for casinos. Most work full time, although part-time work is common.
 How to Become a Gambling Services Worker

			Gaming services occupationsDealers should have good customer-service skills.			
Gambling jobs typically require a high school diploma or equivalent to enter. Some employers require gambling managers to have a college degree.
Education
Gambling dealers, gambling supervisors, and gambling and sports book writers and runners typically need a high school diploma or equivalent. Educational requirements for gambling managers differ by establishment. Some require a high school diploma or equivalent, while others require gambling managers to have some college or a degree. Those who pursue a degree may choose to study casino management, hotel management, or hospitality, in addition to taking courses in business.
Training
Individual casinos or other gambling establishments have their own training requirements. New gambling dealers may be sent to gambling school for a few weeks to learn a table game, such as blackjack or craps. These schools teach the game’s rules and procedures, as well as state and local laws and regulations related to it.
Although gambling school is primarily for new employees, some experienced dealers go to gambling school if they want to be trained in a new game.
Completing gambling school before being hired may increase a prospective dealer’s chances of being hired, but it does not guarantee a job. Employers usually audition prospective dealers for open positions to assess their personal qualities.
Gambling and sports book writers and runners usually do not have to go to gambling school. They typically are trained in less than 1 month. The employer provides instruction on state and local laws and regulations related to the game, as well the particulars of their job, such as keno calling.
Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations
Gambling services workers must be licensed by a state regulatory agency, such as a state casino control board or gambling commission. Licensing requirements for supervisory or managerial positions may differ from those for gambling dealers, gambling and sports book writers and runners, and all other gambling workers. However, all candidates for a license must provide photo identification and pay a fee. Typically, they also must pass an extensive background check and drug test. Failure to pass the background check may prevent candidates from getting a job or a gambling license.
Age requirements also vary by state. For specific licensing requirements, visit the state’s gambling commission website.
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
Gambling supervisors and gambling managers usually have several years of experience working in a casino or other gambling establishment. Gambling managers often have experience as a dealer or in the customer outreach department. Slot supervisors and table games supervisors usually have experience working in the activities of their respective areas. Some also have worked in entry-level marketing or customer-service positions.
Advancement
Often, gambling managers are promoted from positions as slot supervisors or table games supervisors. They also may be moved from a management job in another part of the establishment, such as hospitality, after learning about the establishment’s operations through an internship or on-the-job training.
Gambling dealers may advance to become gambling supervisors and, eventually, managers. A slot supervisor or table games supervisor may also advance to become a gambling manager.
Important Qualities
***Communication skills.*** Gambling services workers must explain the rules of the game to customers and answer their questions. Misunderstandings can cost a customer money and damage the establishment’s reputation.
***Customer-service skills.*** Gambling jobs involve interaction with customers. The success or failure of a gambling establishment depends on how customers view the experience, making customer service important for all of these occupations.
***Leadership skills.*** Gambling managers and supervisors oversee other gambling services workers and must guide them in doing their jobs and developing their skills.
***Math skills.*** Because they may deal with large amounts of money, gambling services workers must be good at math.
***Organizational skills.*** Gambling managers and supervisors should have an orderly system in place to handle administrative and other tasks for overseeing gambling services workers.
***Patience.*** All gambling services workers must stay composed when they encounter a customer who becomes upset or breaks a rule. They also must stay calm when dealing with equipment failures or malfunctions.
 Pay

			



	
 
                                                     
            
    
                Gambling Services WorkersMedian annual wages, May 2023Total, all occupations$48,060  Gambling services workers$34,380  Entertainment attendants and related workers$29,840Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
 

	
	



		
	
	
	
The median annual wage for gambling services workers was $34,380 in May 2023. 


The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $22,080, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $79,660.

			
                    	Median annual wages for gambling services workers in May 2023 were as follows:
        Gambling managers
		$82,380First-line supervisors of gambling services workers
		61,210Gambling service workers, all other
		32,710Gambling dealers
		32,240Gambling and sports book writers and runners
		29,170In May 2023, the median annual wages for gambling services workers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:	
        Government
                $38,750Spectator sports
                35,850Gambling industries (except casino hotels)
                34,660Casino hotels
                29,390Most casinos are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Employees are often scheduled to work nights, weekends, and holidays, which are typically the busiest times for casinos. Most work full time, although part-time work is common.
 Job Outlook

   
        
    
          
        
    
               Gambling Services WorkersPercent change in employment, projected 2022-32Entertainment attendants and related workers3%  Total, all occupations3%  Gambling services workers1%Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program
            
            
			 
	
	
	

			Overall employment				of gambling services workers is projected to show little or no change				 from 2022 to 2032.
			
			Despite  limited  employment growth, about 19,400 openings for gambling services workers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
			
			 Most of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
			Employment
	
			
Projected employment of gambling services workers varies by occupation (see table).
Demand is expected to be driven by the increasing popularity of gambling establishments. Additional states currently without commercial gambling establishments may allow new casinos to be built over the next decade in an effort to bring in more tax revenue.
The growth of online gambling may limit employment for some of these workers, including gambling and sports book writers and runners. Although some online gambling is linked to physical locations, online-only gambling sites do not require the same mix of employees.
Also, as more states approve expansions in the number of physical and online gambling establishments, the competition for customers will increase. Establishments that fail to keep or attract customers may close, thereby negating some of the jobs created.
			

                        Employment projections data for     gambling services workers, 2022-32
                Occupational Title
                        SOC Code
                        Employment, 2022
                        Projected Employment, 2032
                        Change, 2022-32
                        Employment by IndustryPercent
                        NumericSOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program**Gambling services workers**
			—
			132,100
			133,700
			1
			1,700
			—**Gambling managers**
			11-9071
			5,300
			5,400
			3
			100
			Get data**First-line supervisors of gambling services workers**
			39-1013
			29,700
			30,600
			3
			1,000
			Get data**Gambling dealers**
			39-3011
			75,600
			76,400
			1
			800
			Get data**Gambling and sports book writers and runners**
			39-3012
			8,400
			8,100
			-4
			-300
			Get data**Gambling service workers, all other**
			39-3019
			13,100
			13,200
			1
			100
			Get data
 State & Area Data **Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)** The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OES data maps for employment and wages by state and area. First-line supervisors of gambling services workers
					Gambling and sports book writers and runners
					Gambling dealers
					Gambling managers
					Gambling service workers, all other **Projections Central** Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s websites where these data may be retrieved. **CareerOneStop** CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.
 Similar Occupations This table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to those of gambling services workers. Occupation
                Job Duties
                ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION
                2023     MEDIAN PAY**Customer Service Representatives**
            Customer service representatives interact with customers to handle complaints, process orders, and answer questions.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $39,680**Lodging Managers**
            Lodging managers ensure that guests have a pleasant experience at an accommodations facility. They also plan, direct, or coordinate activities to ensure that the facility is efficient and profitable.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $65,360**Public Relations and Fundraising Managers**
            Public relations managers direct the creation of materials that will enhance the public image of their employer or client. Fundraising managers coordinate campaigns that bring in donations for their organization.
            Bachelor's degree
            $130,480**Public Relations Specialists**
            Public relations specialists create and maintain a positive public image for the clients they represent.
            Bachelor's degree
            $66,750**Retail Sales Workers**
            Retail sales workers help customers find products they want and process customers’ payments.
            No formal educational credential
            $33,900**Sales Managers**
            Sales managers direct organizations' sales teams.
            Bachelor's degree
            $135,160**Security Guards and Gambling Surveillance Officers**
            Security guards and gambling surveillance officers protect property from illegal activity.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $37,090**Financial Clerks**
            Financial clerks do administrative work, help customers, and carry out transactions that involve money.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $47,070
 Contacts for More Information
								
For more information about gambling services workers, visit
American Gaming Association
Casino Careers

                                                
                                                        
                                                                                                    O*NET
                                        First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services WorkersGambling DealersGambling ManagersGambling Service Workers, All OtherGambling and Sports Book Writers and Runners
 Suggested citation: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.  Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Gambling Services Workers, 
        	 at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/personal-care-and-service/gaming-services-occupations.htm (visited *May 21, 2024*).
 **Last Modified Date:**
                        Wednesday, April 17, 2024


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