# Patent

## Title
Texturizing composition for cosmetics or pharmaceuticals

## Abstract

A texturizing composition and method utilized for foundations, makeup powders, mascaras, lipsticks, emulsions, lotions, gels, sprayable formulations, and solutions impregnated on fabrics, paper, towelettes or complexion corrector papers comprising at least one self-invertible inverse latex, and powder.

## Background
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 (a) and (b) 1 to French Application No. 0301395, filed Feb. 6, 2003, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to novel compositions in powder form and to their use as a texturizer in cosmetic, dermopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical applications and in the treatment of paper or textiles.
2. Related Art
Texturizers are frequently used in producing formulations intended for caring for or making up the skin or mucosae or else in application to substrates such as paper or textiles. Their principal function is to enhance the sensorial and Theological properties of the formulations in which they are incorporated or of the substrates to which they are applied. Examples of texturizers used in cosmetology include polymethyl methacrylate powders (MicropearlTM), polyamide powders (NylonTM), silicone powders (DC9506TM, PolytrapTM), and modified starches (Dry FloTM). Some of these powders produce in the user a sensation of softness on spreading and a lasting powdery feel; others inhibit the greasy sensation felt on spreading and bring about a long-lasting matting effect.
Some amino acid derivatives, such as N-lauroyl-lysine, are sometimes added to makeup formulas in order to combine the effects of softness on application and staying power on the skin. This effect may also be obtained by treating the surface of the powders with various compounds, including amino acids.
In certain cases fibres are also added to the formulations, either natural fibres such as cellulose or cotton fibres or synthetic fibres such as polyethylene, Teflon or polyester fibres, in order to modify the Theological characteristics of the formulas or to enhance both the uniformity of their distribution on the surface to be coated and their staying power thereon.
Certain fillers, such as talc, mica, sericite or else composite fillers, are also used in order to modify the lubricating properties of the formulation and to facilitate flow or spreading on the substrate.
Other types of pigmentary fillers, such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide or iron oxides, may also be incorporated into these formulations in order to modify their transparency or colour on application while influencing their final texture.
These powders are, generally speaking, well suited to the manufacture of loose powder or compact powder formulations or of formulations with a continuous fatty phase, such as water-in-oil emulsions, water-in-silicone-oil emulsions, sticks and other compact formulas.
In contrast, they are often difficult to employ in media having a continuous aqueous phase, such as lotions, gels, cream gels or oil-in-water emulsions. In such cases it is necessary to carry out specific and expensive preliminary studies, for each powder and each type of formulation, in order to obtain both effective dispersion of the powder and satisfactory stability of the formulation.
The formulator is then often compelled to use either hydrophilic microporous microspheres of MicropearlTM type, in combination with stabilizers, or powders which have been surface-treated to enhance compatibility with the other ingredients of the formulation. In this latter case, however, the appropriate treatment is specific to the formulation selected and, moreover, does not relieve the formulator of the task of a stability study on the treated powder selected within the formulation. Finally, this last solution is not generally suitable for formulations of the type with a continuous aqueous phase, either in the absence or in the presence of a small proportion of fatty phase.
Consequently, in the context of its research into improving the texture of formulations, the applicant has sought to develop new texturizers in powder form which are multi-functional and are easy to employ, both in solid formulations of loose powder or compact powder type and in formulations with a continuous fatty phase or in formulations with a continuous aqueous phase, with or without a small proportion of fatty phase.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a composition consisting essentially of a mixture containing:

    
    
        from 1% to 90% by weight of at least one self-invertible inverse latex;
        from 99% to 10% by weight of the mixture of at least one cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable powder.
    
    





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a further understanding of the nature and objects for the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are given the same or analogous reference numbers and wherein:
FIG. 1a illustrates the microscopic appearance (×400) of the control (t1), which is a white and heterogeneous particle agglomeration;
FIG. 1b illustrates the microscopic appearance (×400) of the control (t2), which is an opaque white and homogenous particle agglomeration;
FIG. 1c illustrates the microscopic appearance (×400) of the composition (1), which is an opaque white and homogenous particle dispersion;



DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A self-invertible inverse latex denotes more particularly a composition comprising an oil phase, an aqueous phase, at least one water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifier, at least one oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier, containing from 20% to 70% by weight and preferably from 25% to 50% by weight of a branched or crosslinked polyelectrolyte, characterized in that the said polyelectrolyte is alternatively a homopolymer based on a monomer possessing either a strong acid function which is partly or totally in salt form or a weak acid function which is partly or totally in salt form, or a copolymer based on at least one monomer possessing a strong acid function copolymerized either with at least one monomer possessing a weak acid function or with at least one neutral monomer, or a copolymer based on at least one monomer possessing a weak acid function copolymerized with at least one neutral monomer or with a monomer possessing a weak acid function.
The term “water-in-oil emulsifier” refers to surfactants having a sufficiently low HLB to give water-in-oil emulsions, such as surfactant polymers of the polyethylene glycol poly(hydroxystearic acid) block copolymer type which are sold under the name HypermerTM, such as sorbitan esters, for instance sorbitan mono-oleate sold by the applicant under the name MontaneTM 80, sorbitan isostearate sold by the applicant under the name MontaneTM 70, sorbitan oleate ethoxylated with 5 moles of ethylene oxide (5 EO) sold by the applicant under the name MontaneTM 81, diethoxylated (2 EO) oleocetyl alcohol sold by the applicant under the name SimulsolTM OC 72 or sorbitan sesquioleate sold by the applicant under the name MontaneTM 83.
The term “oil-in-water emulsifier” denotes surfactants having a sufficiently high HLB to give oil-in-water emulsions, such as ethoxylated sorbitan esters, for instance sorbitan oleate ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide (20 EO), sold by the applicant under the name MontanoxTM 80, castor oil ethoxylated with 40 moles of ethylene oxide (40 EO), sold by the applicant under the name SimulsolTM OL 50, sorbitan laurate ethoxylated with 20 moles of ethylene oxide (20 EO), sold by the applicant under the name MontanoxTM 20, sorbitan trioleate ethoxylated with 25 moles, sold by the applicant under the name MontanoxTM 85, lauryl alcohol ethoxylated with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (7 EO), sold by the applicant under the name SimulsolTM P 7, decaethoxylated (10 EO) oleocetyl alcohol, sold by the applicant under the name SimulsolTM OC 710 or polyethoxylated sorbitan hexa-oleates sold under the names G-1086TM and G-1096TM.
A branched polymer is a non-linear polymer having pendant chains resulting, when this polymer is dissolved in water, in an advanced stage of entanglement, leading to very high viscosities at low shear rate.
A crosslinked polymer is a non-linear polymer in the form of a three-dimensional network which is insoluble in water but which can be swollen in water, so leading to the preparation of a chemical gel.
The strong acid function of the monomer containing it is in particular the sulphonic acid function or the phosphonic acid function, partly or totally in the salt form. The said monomer may be, for example, styrenesulphonic acid partly or totally in salt form or, preferably, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly or totally in salt form, in particular in the form alternatively (i) of an alkali metal salt, such as the sodium salt or potassium salt, for example, (ii) of an ammonium salt, (iii) of the salt of an amino alcohol, such as the monoethanolamine salt, for example, or (iv) of the salt of an amino acid, such as the lysine salt, for example.
The weak acid function of the monomer containing it is, in particular, the carboxylic acid function, and the said monomer is preferably selected from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and 3-methyl-3-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]butanoic acid, the said acids being partly or totally in salt form, in particular in the form alternatively (i) of an alkali metal salt, such as the sodium salt or potassium salt, for example, (ii) of an ammonium salt, (iii) of the salt of an amino alcohol, such as the monoethanolamine salt, for example, or (iv) of the salt of an amino acid, such as the lysine salt, for example.
The neutral monomer is selected in particular from acrylamide, methacrylamide, dimethylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate, diacetoneacrylamide and an ethoxylated derivative of each of these esters with a molecular weight of between 400 and 1 000.
The invention more particularly provides a composition as defined above, characterized in that the anionic polyelectrolyte is crosslinked and/or branched with a diethylenic or polyethylenic compound in the molar proportion, expressed relative to the monomers employed, of from 0.005% to 1%, and preferably from 0.01% to 0.5%, and more particularly from 0.01% to 0.25%, preferably the proportion for which the crosslinking agent and/or the branching agent is selected from ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyloxyacetic acid or a salt thereof such as sodium diallyloxyacetate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diallylurea, triallylamine, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and methylenebis(acrylamide) or a mixture of these compounds.
The self-invertible inverse latex employed in the present invention contains generally from 2.5% to 15% by weight and preferably from 4% to 9% by weight of emulsifiers, of which from 20% to 50%, in particular from 25% to 40%, of the total weight of the emulsifiers present are of the water-in-oil (W/O) type and from 80% to 50%, in particular from 75% to 60%, of the total weight of the emulsifiers are of the oil-in-water (O/W) type.
In the self-invertible inverse latex employed in the present invention, in general, the oil phase represents from 15% to 40% and preferably from 20% to 25% of its total weight.
This oil phase is generally composed alternatively of a commercial mineral oil containing saturated hydrocarbons such as paraffins, isoparaffins and cycloparaffins, having at room temperature a density of between 0.7 and 0.9 and a boiling point of more than 180° C., such as, for example, IsoparTM L, IsoparTM M, ExxsolTM D 100 S or MarcolTM 52, which are sold by Exxon Chemical, isohexadecane or isododecane, or a vegetable oil, or glycerol esters, such as SoftenolTM3108, SoftenolTM3178, SoftenolTM3100, SoftenolTM3107 and SoftenolTM3118, or fatty acid esters, or a synthetic oil, or a mixture of two or more of these oils.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention the oil phase is composed of MarcolTM 52, squalane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, octyl palmitate, isostearyl isostearate, isododecane or isohexadecane; isohexadecane, which is identified in Chemical Abstracts by the registry number (RN) 93685-80-4, is a mixture of C12, C16 and C20 isoparaffins containing at least 97% of C16 isoparaffins, among which the main constituent is 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (RN=4390-04-9). It is sold in France by Bayer. MarcolTM 52 is a commercial oil meeting the definition of Vaseline oils in the French Codex. It is a white mineral oil conforming to the regulations FDA 21 CFR 172.878 and CFR 178.3620 (a) and it is recorded in the U.S. Pharmacopeia US XXIII (1995) and in the European Pharmacopoeia (1993). SoftenolTM3819 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3108 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 8 to 10 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3178 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3100 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3107 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 7 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3114 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 14 carbon atoms. SoftenolTM3118 is a mixture of fatty acid triglycerides containing 18 carbon atoms.
The self-invertible inverse latices employed in the present invention contain generally between 20% and 50% of water. They may also include various additives such as complexing agents, transfer agents or chain terminators.
Self-invertible inverse latices of this kind are described in the French patent applications and French patents published under numbers 2721511, 2773805, 2774688, 2774996, 2782086, 2785801, 2786493, 2787457, 2789395, 2794034, 2794124, 2808446, 2808447 and 2810883.
The term “cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable powder” refers in particular to powders of synthetic or natural origin which are organic or inorganic, hydrophilic or hydrophobic, with a mean diameter of between approximately 0.01 μm and approximately 250 μm and preferably between 1 and 50 μm, micronized or not, of any form, in particular in a fibre form, a lamellar form or a spherical form, which may have undergone a surface treatment.
Examples include copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acid or their esters, starches, silicates, calcium, magnesium and barium silicates, calcium phosphate, boron nitride, lauroyllysine, silicone resin powders, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate, titanium oxide or zinc oxide or cerium oxide, iron oxides and other organic or inorganic pigments, or mixtures of these powders.
Fibres include, for example, natural fibres such as cotton, cellulose or chitosan fibres, synthetic fibres such as polyamide fibres, for instance NylonTM fibres, RayonTM fibres, ViscoseTM fibres, cellulose acetate fibres, poly-p-phenyleneterephthalamide fibres such as KevlarTM fibres, polyethylene or polypropylene fibres, glass fibres, carbon fibres, TeflonTM fibres, polyester fibres, polyvinyl chloride fibres, polyvinyl alcohol fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres, polyurethane fibres or polyethylene phthalate fibres.
Powders in lamellar form include for example talcs, micas, mica-titaniums and sericite.
Powders in spherical form include, for example, polymethyl methacrylates, often referred to in the literature by the term PMMA, and formed of microporous microspheres with a specific surface area greater than or equal to 0.5 m2 per gram, such as those sold under the names MicropearlTM M305, MicropearlTM M100, MicropearlTM 201 and MicropearlTM M310; copolymers, including terpolymers, of methyl methacrylate with one or more monomers selected from butyl acrylate, 1-methylpropyl acrylate, 2-methylpropyl acrylate, 1,1-dimethylethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 1-methylpropyl methacrylate, 2-methylpropyl methacrylate and 1,1-dimethylethyl methacrylate, such as those sold under the name MicrosphereTM;
silica microspheres such as those sold under the names Silica beadsTM or PolytrapTM;
hollow thermoplastic microspheres such as polyethylenes, polystyrenes, polyacrylonitriles, or polyamides, such as those sold under the name OrgasolTM or else hollow polyester microspheres such as those sold under the name ExpancelTM;
microcapsules made of organic or inorganic material, such as those sold under the name MacroliteTM.
The invention more particularly provides a composition as defined above consisting essentially of a mixture containing:

    
    
        from 5% to 80% by weight of at least one self-invertible inverse latex and
        from 20 to 95% of a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable powder.
    
    


In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention the self-invertible inverse latex present in the composition as defined above is selected from the self-invertible inverse latices of the following polyelectrolytes:
copolymer of acrylic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylamide, crosslinked with methylenebis-(acrylamide);
copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)-amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylamide, crosslinked with methylenebis-(acrylamide);
copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)-amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylic acid partly in sodium salt form, crosslinked with methylenebis(acrylamide);
copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)-amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, crosslinked with methylenebis(acrylamide);
homopolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)-amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form, crosslinked with methylenebis(acrylamide);
homopolymer of acrylic acid partly in ammonium salt or monoethanolamine salt form, crosslinked with sodium diallyloxyacetate; or
homopolymer of acrylic acid partly in ammonium or monoethanolamine salt form, crosslinked with triallylamine.
The self-invertible inverse latices defined above include the compositions sold under the brand names SepigelTM 305 (INCI name: Polyacrylamide and C13-C14 Isoparaffin and Laureth-7), SepigelTM 501 (INCI name: Acrylamides Copolymer and Mineral oil and Paraffin liquidum and C13-C14 Isoparaffin and Polysorbate 85), SepigelTM 502 (INCI name: C13-C14 Isoparaffin and Isostearyl isostearate and Sodium polyacrylate and Polyacrylamide and Polysorbate 60), SimulgelTM EG (INCI name: Sodium acrylate and Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer and Isohexadecane and Polysorbate 80), SimulgelTM NS (INCI name: Hydroxyethyl Acrylate and Sosium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer and Squalane and Polysorbate 60), SimulgelTM A (INCI name: Ammonium Polyacrylate and Isohexadecane and Polysorbate 89), SimulgelTM 600 (INCI name: Acrylamide and sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer and Polysorbate 80), SimulgelTM 800 (INCI name: sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate and Isohexadecane and Sorbitan oleate), SimulgelTM HT (INCI name: Polyacrylamide and paraffin oil and Polysorbate 80), Simulgel EPGTM (INCI name: Sodium Acrylate and Acryloyldimethyl Taurate copolymer and Polyisobutene and Caprylyl capryl Glucoside).
In a second particular embodiment of the present invention it provides a composition as defined above in which the powder is selected from powders in spherical form, such as polymethyl methacrylates, for example, often referred to in the literature as PMMA, formed of microporous microspheres with a specific surface area greater than or equal to 0.5 m2 per gram, such as those sold under the names MicropearlTM M305, MicropearlTM M100, Micropearl M310TM; Micropearl MHBTM; and Micropearl 201TM; copolymers, including terpolymers, of methyl methacrylate with one or more monomers selected from butyl acrylate, 1-methylpropyl acrylate, 2-methylpropyl acrylate, 1,1-dimethylethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 1-methylpropyl methacrylate, 2-methylpropyl methacrylate and 1,1-dimethylethyl methacrylate, such as those sold under the name MicrosphereTM or SepipressTM M.
In a third particular embodiment of the present invention the composition contains at least 50% by weight of powder as defined above.
In a fourth particular embodiment of the present invention the composition as defined above is in the form of a homogeneous powder.
The invention further provides a process for preparing the composition as defined above by simple mixing of the self-invertible inverse latex with the powder.
The compositions provided by the present invention are used as formulation texturizers in cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulations, both liquid and solid and can be combined with a lot of cosmetic or pharmaceutical excipients or active ingredients. Their physical and sensorial properties, relating either to their very gentle feel, improve relative to the powder used on its own, or their excellent adhesion to the skin, greater than that of the powder to be used alone, and their capacity for homogeneous suspension in the end formulations, make them particularly appropriate for use in solid formulations such as foundations, makeup powders, mascaras or lipsticks. Where they are employed in liquid formulations those formulations may in particular be emulsions, lotions or gels, and more particularly sprayable formulations or else solutions impregnated on fabrics or paper and more particularly on towelettes or on complexion corrector papers.
The examples which follow illustrate the invention without, however, limiting it.
A) Demonstration of the differences in behaviour between the compounds of the invention and conventional texturizers in powder form:
(1)—Suspension Properties—Stability of the Aqueous Dispersion
A composition (1) according to the invention was prepared by mixing, by stirring alone, MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG in a 60/40 weight ratio and then its properties were compared with MicropearlTM M310 alone (control powder (t1)) and with an equivalent formulation prepared by successive incorporation of MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG (control (t2)=state of the art).
This was done by preparing aqueous dispersions of the powder according to the invention and of the control powder (t1) at 2% by weight in water by mechanical stirring with a deflocculating turbomixer.
The control preparation (t2), containing the same proportion by weight of MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG as composition (1), these ingredients having been added successively, is likewise prepared with the same mechanical stirring by means of a deflocculating turbomixer.
The observations and analyses of dispersions are noted in the following table:















control (t1)
control (t2)
composition (1)



















Visual
white and
opaque white
opaque white


appearance
heterogeneous
and homogeneous
and homogeneous


Microscopic
Particle
Particle
Effective of


appearance
agglomeration
agglomeration
particle


(× 400)
(see FIG. 1a)
(see FIG. 1b)
dispersion (see





FIG. 1c)


Brookfield
<50 mPa · s

450 mPa · s


viscosity LVT


(spindle: 2;


speed: 6)


Stability at
precipitates

stable for


25° C.
after 24 h

1 year


Stability at
precipitates

stable for more


40° C.
after 24 h

than 6 months


Stability at
precipitates

stable for more


50° C.
after 24 h

than a month


Feel
impossible to
easy spreading;
easy spreading;



evaluate feel —
fresh and very
fresh and very



product
gentle feel;
gentle feel;



separates into
residual powder
residual powder



phases
effect
effect









(2)—A composition according to the invention was prepared by simply mixing MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG in an 80/20 weight ratio, and then its properties were compared with a dispersion of MicropearlTM M310 alone (control t1) and with the equivalent preparation in weight %, consisting of successive addition of MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG (control preparation t3=state of the art). This was done by preparing aqueous dispersions of the powder according to the invention (composition 2) and of the control powder (powder t1) at different concentrations in water by mechanical stirring with a deflocculating turbomixer, and the equivalent preparations in weight % containing MicropearlTM M310 and SimulgelTM EG added successively (by an identical stirring method).

The results of the observation and analysis of the dispersions are recorded in the following table:















Concentration in % w/w













2%
3%
4%





Appearance
(t1)
opaque white
opaque white
opaque white




liquid
liquid
liquid



(t3)
opaque white
opaque white
white milk




liquid
liquid



(2)
opaque white
opaque white
white milk




fluid
fluid


Microscopic
(t1)
particle
particle
particle


appearance

agglomerate
agglomerate
agglomerate


(× 400)
(t3)
particle
particle
particle




agglomerate
agglomerate
agglomerate



(2)
effective
effective
effective




particle
particle
particle




dispersion
dispersion
dispersion


Viscosity in
(t1)
<50
<50
 <50


mPa · s (Brookfield
(t3)
 80
400
2 000


LVT spindle 2
(2)
150
600
1 250


speed 6)


Stability at 25° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
24 h
1 week
3 months



(2)
 1 year
 1 year
 1 year


Stability at 40° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
24 h
1 week
2 months



(2)
 6 months
 6 months
 6 months


Stability at 50° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
24 h
24 h
1 month



(2)
>1 month
>1 month
>1 month


Feel
(t1)
unstable
unstable
Unstable











(t3)
very soft feel, residual
fresh effect;





easy





spreading;



(2)
powder effect
very soft





feel;





remanent





powdery feel













Concentration in % w/w













5%
10%
20%





Appearance
(t1)
opaque white
opaque white
opaque white




liquid
liquid
liquid



(t3)
white milk
granular
granular





white gel
white gel



(2)
white milk
white gel
white gel


Microscopic
(t1)
particle
particle
particle


appearance

agglomerate
agglomerate
agglomerate


(× 400)
(t3)
particle
particle
particle




agglomerate
agglomerate
agglomerate



(2)
effective
effective
effective




particle
particle
particle




dispersion
dispersion
dispersion


Viscosity in
(t1)
  <50
  <50
   <50


mPa · s (Brookfield
(t3)
10 600
62 000
>100 000


LVT spindle 2
(2)
19 000
69 000
>100 000


speed 6)


Stability at 25° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
 1 year
 1 year
 1 year



(2)
 1 year
 1 year
 1 year


Stability at 40° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
 1 year
 1 year
 1 year



(2)
 6 months
 6 months
 6 months


Stability at 50° C.
(t1)
24 h
24 h
24 h



(t3)
 1 year
 1 year
 1 year



(2)
>1 month
>1 month
>1 month


Feel
(t1)
unstable
unstable
Unstable










t3)
fresh effect; easy spreading; very soft



(2)
feel; remanent powdery feel










The compositions according to the invention allow very simple formulation, with a single ingredient, of formulas having a notable feel, excellent stability on storage and a viscosity which can be modified ideally. The compositions according to the invention have the advantage of providing flawless dispersion of the powder, in contrast to formulations resulting from the successive introduction of MicropearlTM and SimulgelTM, even at high levels of powder. The stability of the formulations is likewise significantly enhanced for the lower levels of powder.
These dispersions may be used advantageously for all types of makeup or care formulas in continuous aqueous phase alone, whether the initial powders are hydrophilic, such as MicropearlTM M305, or hydrophobic, such as MicropearlTM M310.
(3)—Stabilizing Effect within a Water-in-Silicone Emulsion
A series of emulsions in silicone oils were prepared on the basis of the following formula:












Phase A











DC5225C TM
20%
by weight



DC345 TM
10%
by weight



Sepicide TM HB
0.3%
by weight



Powder (3) (Micropearl TM M310 +
×%
by weight or



Simulgel TM EG, weight ratio 8/2)



Control powder (t)
×%
by weight



(Micropearl TM M310)







Phase B










Water
qs 100%











Sepicide TM CI
0.2%
by weight



Glycerin
5%
by weight



Sodium chloride
2%
by weight










Method of Production

The fatty phase A (containing the fillers) and the aqueous phase B are weighed out separately and mixed with a spatula.
The aqueous phase is then introduced into the fatty phase, with an anchor stirrer, in a number of portions; stirring is maintained for approximately 10 minutes and then the emulsion is passed into a die-type homogenizer (ALMTM, die A180). The observations and analyses of the emulsions are recorded in the following table:












Powder 




x (% by
Powder (t)
Powder (3)











weight)
2%
5%
2%
5%





Viscosity
20 000
8 500
23 300
9 260


(Brookfield
mPa · s
mPa · s
mPa · s
mPa · s


LVT)


spindle 4


speed 6


Stability
Oily
Oily
Stable
Stable


at 25° C.
exudation
exudation
after 3
after 3



at 3 months
at 3 months
months
months


Stability
Oily
Oily
Stable
Stable


at 40° C.
exudation
exudation
after 3
after 3



at 1 month
at 3 months
months
months


Stability
Oily
Oily
Stable
Stable


at 50° C.
exudation
exudation
after 1
after 3



at 1 month
at 3 months
month
months


Feel
Easy
Easy
Easy
Easy



spreading
spreading
spreading
spreading



Soft feel
Very soft
Soft feel
Very soft



Light
feel
Slight
feel



powder
Remanent
powder
Remanent



effect
powder
effect
powder




effect

effect









While preserving the sensorial properties of the initially selected powder, the compositions according to the invention allow significant improvement, without modification to the production process, of the stability of the emulsions produced, even for a low percentage of powder.
(4)—Enhancement of the Sensorial Properties of Compositions According to the Invention Relative to those of Conventional Powder Texturizers
A number of compositions according to the invention were prepared from different powder texturizers, using the process described in paragraph (1) above.
The sensorial qualities of the powders, as raw materials, are evaluated by a panel of 15 experts, who record each evaluation criterion:
Quality of Feel Between Thumb and Index Finger (Criterion 1)
Scale: 0 to 5 (harsh feel: 0; very soft feel: 5);
Covering Power (Criterion 2)
Rating: from −1 to 1 (covering power identical to that of the control powder: 0; covering power greater than that of the control powder: 1; covering power inferior to that of the starting powder: −1);
Adhesion to the Skin (Criterion 3)
Rating: from 0 to 5 (no adhesion: 0; high adhesion: 5)
The properties of the following pairs of powders were compared:

    
    
        Control powder (ta): MicropearlTM M100
        Inventive composition (4a): MicropearlTM M100+SimulgelTM NS (weight ratio 80/20)
        Control powder (tb): AerosilTM 200
        Inventive composition (4b): AerosilTM 200+SimulgelTM NS: (weight ratio 80/20)
        Control powder (tc): Mica 1000TM
        Inventive composition (4c): Mica 1000TM+SimulgelTM NS (weight ratio 80/20)
        Control powder (td): Dry FloTM
        Inventive composition (4d): Dry FloTM+SimulgelTM NS (weight ratio 80/20)
    
    


Control powder (te): titanium oxide USP
Inventive composition (4c): titanium oxide USP+SimulgelTM NS (weight ratio 80/20)

    
    
        Control powder (tf): micronized zinc oxide: ZnO NeutralTM
        Inventive composition (4f): neutral zinc oxide+SimulgelTM NS (weight ratio 80/20)
    
    


The results, recorded in the table below, are the arithmetic means of the scores for each of the three criteria.













Compositions




















(ta)
(4a)
(tb)
(4b)
(tc)
(4c)
(td)
(4d)
(te)
(4e)
(tf)
(4f)






















Criterion 1
3.5
4.7
1.2
2.5
3.0
4.1
3.2
4.3
0.5
1.5
0.7
1.4


Criterion 2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0


Criterion 3
2.5
4.4
1.9
2.8
3.3
4.1
2.2
3.6
3.7
4.9
4.0
4.7









Generally speaking, irrespective of the nature of the powder selected and its intrinsic properties, its initial, soft or harsh feel, its strong or weak natural adhesion to the skin, the compositions according to the invention score better for feel and skin adhesion than the control powders.
In the majority of cases the covering power of the compositions according to the invention is the same as that of the corresponding control powder.
The transparent powders such as polymethyl methacrylates (Micropearl), silicas or starch derivatives give transparent compositions, while the compositions produced from high-cover powders such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide have the same covering power of the original powder.
(5)—Evaluation of Sensorial Properties in Formulation
Pressed powders were prepared from the following formula:










Pressed powder formula









Formula














Luzenac TM 00C talc
qs 100%



(composition according to the
05.00% by weight



invention)



Mica 1000 TM
50.00% by weight



Colorant “FDC Yellow No. 6 Al lake”
00.30% by weight



Colorant “Ariabel Sienna”
00.20% by weight



Lanol TM 1688
05.00% by weight



Dimethicone
05.00% by weight










The pulverulent compounds are mixed and then ground with a blade mixer. The hydrophobic binders are subsequently added in succession, with grinding of the mixture between each addition. The final mixture is ground again for several seconds. The powder is then compacted in a metal dish, using a KemwallTM manual compactor, under a pressure of 80×105 Pa.
The sensorial qualities of the formulations are evaluated by a panel of 15 individuals, who record the following criteria on a scale from 0 to 5:
Ease of Removal with the Finger (Criterion 1)


    Ratings from 0 to 5 (no removal: 0; very easy removal: 5)

Ease of Spreading on the Skin (Criterion 2)

    Ratings from 0 to 5 (spreading difficult, with sticking: 0; very easy spreading: 5)

Release of the Colorant, Homogeneity of the Film, Distribution of the Colour (Criterion 3)

    Ratings from 0 to 5 (heterogeneous film, poor coverage of the skin, poorly distributed colorant: 0; perfectly homogeneous film, uniform colour: 5)

Feel on the Skin (Criterion 4)

    Ratings from 0 to 5 (harsh feel: 0; very soft feel: 5)


The properties of the following formulations were compared:

    
    
        Formulation (t): MicropearlTM M310
        Inventive formulation (5): MicropearlTM M100+SimulgelTM EG (weight ratio 60/40).
    
    


The results, recorded in the following table, are the arithmetic means of the scores for each of the four criteria.














Formulations











Formulation (t)
Formulation (5)





Visual appearance
Smooth and
Smooth and


of the compact
homogeneous
homogeneous



appearance
appearance


Criterion 1
3.0
4.2


Criterion 2
3.5
3.8


Criterion 3
4.0
4.5


Criterion 4
3.2
4.7









The compounds according to the invention are also notable texturizers in loose, pressed or cast powder formulas.
(6)—Stabilizing Effect within a Water-in-Silicone Emulsion
The properties of the series of emulsions prepared in paragraph (3) above were compared with those of the series of emulsions in silicone oils on the basis of the following formula:












Phase A:











DC5225C TM
20%
by weight



DC345 TM
10%
by weight



Sepicide TM HB
0.3%
by weight



Micropearl TM M310
(0.8x)%
by weight







Phase B











Simulgel TM EG
(0.2x)%
by weight







Phase C










Water
qs 100%











Sepicide TM CI
0.2%
by weight



Glycerin
5%
by weight



Sodium chloride
2%
by weight










Production Method

The fatty phase A (containing the fillers) and the aqueous phase B are weighed out separately and mixed using a spatula.
The aqueous phase C is introduced into the fatty phase with anchor stirring in a number of fractions; stirring is maintained for several minutes, SimulgelTM EG is introduced into the mixture, stirring is continued for approximately 10 minutes and then the emulsion is passed into a dye-type homogenizer (AlmTM, dye A180). The observations and analyses of the emulsions are recorded in the following table:














Prior art emulsions
Inventive emulsions











x
2
5
2
5





Viscosity
21 000
8 800
23 300
9 260


(Brookfield
mPa · s
mPa · s
mPa · s
mPa · s


LVT)


spindle 4


speed 6


Stability
Oily
Stable
Stable
Stable


at 25° C.
exudation
after 3
after 3
after 3



at 3 months
months
months
months


Stability
Oily
Oily
Stable
Stable


at 40° C.
exudation
exudation
after 3
after 3



at 3 months
at 3 months
months
months


Stability
Oily
Stable
Stable
Stable


at 50° C.
exudation
after 3
after 1
after 3



at 1 month
months
month
months


Feel
Easy spreading; soft

Easy
Easy



feel; slight powder

spreading
spreading



effect

soft feel
very soft





slight
feel





powder
remanent





effect
powder






effect









The use of the compositions according to the invention allows improvement in the temperature stability of silicone oil emulsions without detriment to their sensorial properties.
B) EXAMPLES OF COSMETIC FORMULATIONS
The compounds according to the invention are multi-functional texturizers which perform both in aqueous or oily liquid media and in moulded or powder solid formulations.
Example 1
Purifying Lotion for Greasy Skin










Formula



















Phase A
Water
qs 100%




Copper gluconate
0.05%




Zinc gluconate
0.15%



Phase B
Micropearl TM M310 + Simulgel TM EG
3.50%




(75/25 by weight)



Phase C
Sepicide TM HB
0.30%




Sepicide TM LD
0.80%




Perfume
0.10%










Method

Phase A is prepared by dispersing the pulverulent compound in water with stirring and then phases B and C are added to the gel while continuing stirring.
Example 2
Powder Fluid for Impregnation on Towelettes










Formula



















Phase A
Water
qs 100%




Glycerin
3.00%




Micropearl TM M310 + Simulgel TM EG
 2.4%




(60/40 by weight) (inventive




composition)



Phase B
Sepicide TM HB
0.30%




Sepicide TM LD
0.80%




Perfume
0.10%










Method

Phase A is prepared by dispersing the pulverulent compound in water with stirring and then phases B and C are added to the gel while continuing stirring.
Example 3
Sprayable Softness Fluid










Formula



















Phase A
Water
qs 100%




Micropearl TM M201 + Simulgel TM EG
5.00%




(80/20 by weight) (inventive




composition)



Phase B
DC345 TM
2.00%



Phase C
Sepicide TM HB
0.30%




Sepicide TM CI
0.20%




Perfume
0.15%




Sensiva TM SC50
0.50%










Method

Phase A is prepared by dispersing the inventive composition in water with stirring and then phases B and C are added to the gel while maintaining stirring.
Example 4
Freshening Aftersun Gel










Formula



















Phase A
90° alcohol
20.00%




Menthol
00.05%



Phase B
Aqua/water
qs 100%




Micropearl TM M201 + Simulgel TM EG
10.00%




(80/20 by weight) (inventive




composition)



Phase C
Sepicalm TM VG
03.00%




Perfume
00.10%




Colorant
qs










Method

Phase A is prepared by dissolving menthol in ethanol.
Phase B is prepared by dispersing the inventive composition in water with stirring and then, when the gel is homogeneous, phase C and then phase A are added to phase B.
Example 5
Strengthening Body Treatment










Formula



















Phase A
Water
qs 100%




Micropearl TM 305 + Simulgel TM EG
8.50%




(80/20 by weight) (inventive




composition)



Phase B
Lanol TM 99
5.00%




Sepicalm TM VG
1.00%




Sepilift TM DPHP
1.00%



Phase C
Sepicide TM HB
0.30%




Sepicide TM CI
0.20%




Perfume
0.10%










Method

The inventive composition is dispersed in water with stirring.
Phase B is prepared by heating the ester to 700° C. and then adding SepicalmTM VG and SepiliftTM DPHP.
This phase B is added with stirring to phase A and then phase C is likewise added to the mixture thus formed.
Example 6
Invigorating Treatment










Formula



















Phase A
Water
qs 100%




Glycerin
02.50%




Micropearl TM 310 + Simulgel TM EG
15.00%




(80/20 by weight) (inventive




composition)




Sepitonic  TM M3
01.00%



Phase B
Lanol TM 99
05.00%




DC345 TM
02.50%



Phase C
Perfume
00.10%




Sepicide TM HB
00.30%




Sepicide TM CI
00.20%










Method

Disperse the pulverulent compound with stirring in the aqueous phase and then introduce the fatty phase B into the aqueous phase A while continuing stirring. Add phase C to the final gel.
Example 7
Lipstick










Formula



















Phase A
Decyl oleate
25.00% 




Titanium dioxide
6.44%




Yellow iron oxide
3.04%




Black iron oxide
0.36%




Colorant “DC Red 7”
0.78%




Colorant “FDC Yellow 6”
0.70%




Colorant “FDC Blue 1”
0.17%



Phase B
Lanol TM 99
qs 100%




Ozokerite
11.75% 




Cetyl ricinoleate
10.00% 




Octyldodecanol
8.12%




Beeswax
4.20%




Triisostearyl trilinoleate
5.00%




Cetyl palmitate
4.50%




Carnauba wax (Copernicia cerifera)
2.28%




Sepilift TM DPHP
1.00%




Micropearl TM MHB + Simulgel TM NS
3.00%




(65/35 by weight)



Phase C
Perfume
1.25%




Tocopheryl acetate
00.20% 










Method

Grind phase A in a bead mill.
Melt phase B at 85-90° C. and then add, with stirring, phase A, having ground it beforehand. Continue addition until dispersion is complete.
Introduce phase C with stirring. Cast the hot paste in moulds.
Example 8
Face Powder










Formula



















Phase A
Givobio TM GCu
0.50%




Lipacide TM C8G
0.50%




Lipacide UG
0.50%




Micropearl MHB TM + Sepigel TM 305
5.00%




(60% + 40%) (inventive composition)




Mica
50.00% 




Talc
33.00% 




Colorant “FDC Yellow 6 lake”
0.30%




Colorant “Ariabel Sienna”
0.20%



Phase B
Lanol TM 99
5.00%



Phase C
Dimethicone
5.00%










Method

Weigh out all the powders (phase A) and grind them dry in a cutter mill.
Add phase B and repeat the same grinding time as for phase A.
Add phase C and repeat the same grinding operation as for phase B.
The powder thus prepared is subsequently pressed into jars using a KenwallTM manual compactor under a pressure of 80×105 Pa.
Example 9
Foundation










Formula



















Phase A
Water
9.50%




Butylene glycol
2.00%




PEG-400
2.00%




Pecosil TM PS100
0.50%




Sodium hydroxide
qs pH = 9




Titanium dioxide
3.50%




Talc
1.00%




Yellow iron oxide
0.41%




Red iron oxide
0.15%




Black iron oxide
0.025% 



Phase B
Montanov TM L
2.00%




Lanol TM 99
4.00%




Caprylic/capric triglyceride
4.00%



Phase C
DC345 TM
2.00%




Xanthan gum
0.30%




Aluminium magnesium silicate
1.00%



Phase D
Water
qs 100%




Tetrasodium EDTA
0.05%




Micropearl M305 TM + Simulgel TM NS
2.00%




(80%/20%) (inventive composition)



Phase E
Sepicide TM HB
0.50%




Sepicide TM CI
0.30%




Perfume
0.20%










Method

The liquid compounds of phase A are mixed and then the pH is adjusted before the pigments are added; this pigmentary phase is ground using a bead mill.
Phase B is subsequently melted at 75° C.
The water is also heated to 75° C. before the addition of phase D and then of phase A.
Thereafter phase C is added to phase B, and this mixture is introduced into the hot aqueous phase before the emulsifying device is started.
The emulsion is then gradually cooled and the constituents of phase E are added at 30° C.
Example 10
Coloured Cream Gel










Formula



















Phase A
Water
10.00% 




Butylene glycol
4.00%




PEG-400
4.00%




Pecosil TM PS100
1.50%




Sodium hydroxide
qs pH = 7




Titanium dioxide
2.00%




Yellow iron oxide
0.80%




Red iron oxide
0.30%




Black iron oxide
0.05%



Phase B
Lanol TM 99
4.00%




Caprylic/capric triglyceride
4.00%




DC345 TM
4.00%




Sepicide TM HB
0.30%




Perfume
0.20%



Phase C
Water
qs 100%




Tetrasodium EDTA
0.05%




Sepicontrol TM A5
4.00%




Sepicide TM CI (imidazolidinylurea -
0.20%




SEPPIC)



Phase D
Micropearl M100 TM + Sepigel TM 305
17.5%




(80%/20%) (inventive composition)










Method

The liquid compounds of phase A are mixed before the pigments are added and then this pigmentary phase A is ground using a bead mill.
Phase D is introduced into phase C with turbulent stirring. When the gel has formed and is homogeneous, the fatty phase B is added and then, finally, the pigment paste A.
Example 11
Water-Silicone Sun Emulsion










Formula



















Phase A
DC5225C TM
20.00% 




DC345 TM
10.00% 




Sepicalm TM VG
3.00%




Titanium dioxide
5.00%




Zinc oxide Z-Cote TM + Simulgel NS TM
5.00%




(80%/20%) (inventive composition)




Sepicide HB TM
0.30%




Perfume
0.05%



Phase B
Water
qs 100%




Sepicide TM CI
0.20%




Glycerin
5.00%




Sodium chloride
2.00%










Method

Phase A is prepared by mixing the silicones and SepicalmTM VG and then dispersing the inorganic fillers with gentle stirring until their wetting is complete, then by adding the preservative and the perfume.
The aqueous phase B is prepared separately and then introduced slowly into phase A with moderate stirring. The step of homogenization commences after all of the ingredients have been introduced.
In a continuous aqueous medium the compounds of the invention are particularly effective in performance terms, since in addition to their sensorial qualities they exhibit suspension properties and an intrinsic viscosity-increasing effect which can be modified as a function of the amount in which they are used. Simple aqueous dispersion of the compounds of the invention, without addition of any other ingredient, results in a stable powder suspension whose viscosity can be modified in accordance with the amount of powder introduced.
This suspension is also able to stabilize, in accordance with the amount of powder, oils of any kind and solvents which are commonly used in cosmetology, such as ethanol and glycols such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol or hexylene glycol.
In a continuous oily liquid medium, a significant stabilizing effect is also provided by the compounds of the invention, in accordance with the nature of the powder selected.
The compounds of the invention are effective texturizers in all types of formulation, providing:

    a very soft feel, improved relative to that of powder texturizers used alone;
    excellent adhesion to the skin, greater than that of powder texturizers used alone.


The characteristics of the commercial products used in the examples above are as follows:

    MicropearlTM M305: silky, water-dispersible powder based on crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate
    MicropearlTM M310: silky, hydrophobic powder based on crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate
    MicropearlTM M100: silky, water-dispersible powder based on polymethyl methacrylate
    MicropearlTM M201: silky, water-dispersible powder based on crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate with a particle size of approximately 1 to 5 μm
    MicropearlTM MHB: silky, hydrophobic powder based on crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate;
    SimulgelTM EG: self-invertible inverse copolymer latex like those described in international publication WO 99/36445 (INCI name: Hydroxyethyl acrylate/Sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer and Isohexadecane and Polysorbate 80), sold by SEPPIC;
    SimulgelTM NS: self-invertible inverse copolymer latex like those described in international publication WO 99/36445 (INCI name: Hydroxyethyl acrylate/Sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer and squalane and Polysorbate 60), sold by SEPPIC;
    SepigelTM305: self-invertible inverse latex (INCI name: Polyacrylamide/C13-14 Isoparaffin/Laureth-7)
    DC5225CTM: mixture of cyclopentasiloxane and dimethicone copolyol, sold by Dow Corning;
    DC345TM: cyclomethicone sold by Dow Corning;
    Dry FloTM: starch modified with aluminium and octenyl succinate, sold by National Starch;
    Mica 1000TM: mica powder sold by Sciama;
    AerosilTM 200: silica sold by Degussa;
    ZnO NeutralTM: micronized zinc oxide, sold by Harmann & Reimer;
    SepicideTM CI: imidazolinylurea (preservative), sold by SEPPIC;
    SepicideTM HB: mixture of phenoxyethanol, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben and butylparaben (preservative), sold by SEPPIC;
    SepicideTM LD: phenoxyethanol, sold by SEPPIC;
    SensivaTM SC50: 1-(2-ethylhexyl)glycerol, sold by Schuelke & Mayr;
    SepicalmTM VG: composition like those described in international publication WO 99/45899 (INCI name: sodium palmitoyl proline and waterlily flower extract), sold by SEPPIC;
    SepiliftTM DPHP: (INCI name: Dipalmitoyl hydroxy-proline), sold by SEPPIC;
    SepitonicTM M3: mixture of magnesium aspartate, copper gluconate and zinc gluconate sold by SEPPIC;
    GivobioTM GCu: copper gluconate sold by SEPPIC;
    LipacideTM UG: undecylenoylglycine sold by SEPPIC;
    LipacideTM C8G: octanoylglycine sold by SEPPIC;
    LanolTM 99 isononyl isononanoate sold by SEPPIC;
    LanolTM 1688: cetearyl ethylhexanoate sold by SEPPIC;
    PecosilTM PS100 is the dimethicone copolyol phosphate sold by Phoenix;
    MontanovTM L: emulsifier based on C14-C22 alcohol and C12-C20 alkyl polyglucoside, like those described in European patent application EP 0 995 487;
    SepicontrolTM A5: mixture of capryloylglycine, sarcosine and extract of Cinnamonum zylanicum, sold by SEPPIC, like those described in international publication WO 99/00109.


It will be understood that many additional changes in the details, materials, steps and arrangement of parts, which have been herein described in order to explain the nature of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments in the examples given above.

## Claims

1. A texturizing composition, consisting essentially of:
a) from about 1% to about 90% of at least one self-invertible inverse latex by weight; and
b) from about 10% to about 99% of at least one powder by weight, wherein,
said self-invertible inverse latex comprises an oil phase, an aqueous phase, at least one water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifier, at least one oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier, and a branched or crosslinked polyelectrolyte,
said polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of:
a homopolymer based on a monomer possessing either a strong acid function which is partly or totally in salt form or a weak acid function which is partly or totally in salt form,
a copolymer based on at least one monomer possessing a strong acid function copolymerized either with at least one monomer possessing a weak acid function or with at least one neutral monomer, and
a copolymer based on at least one monomer possessing a weak acid function copolymerized with at least one neutral monomer or with a monomer possessing a weak acid function.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition consists essentially of:
a) from about 5% to about 80% of said self-invertible inverse latex; and
b) from about 20% to about 95% of said powder.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein said composition is essentially free of fillers.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition is in powder form.

5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said self-invertible latex is in liquid form.

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said oil phase is in the range of from about 15% to about 40% by weight of the total latex.

7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein said oil phase is in the range of from about 20% to about 25%.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said oil phase comprises saturated hydrocarbons.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier and said water-in-oil (W/O) emulsifier, together, are from about 2.5% to about 15% by weight of the total latex.

10. The composition according to claim 9, wherein said emulsifiers are from about 4% to about 9%.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said polyelectrolyte is in the range of from about 20% to about 70% by weight of the total latex.

12. The composition according to claim 11, wherein said polyelectrolyte is in the range of from about 25% to about 50%.

13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said polyelectrolyte is selected from the group consisting of:
a) copolymer of acrylic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylamide, cross linked with methylenebis (acrylamide);
b) copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1 -propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylamide, cross-linked with methylenebis (acrylamide);
c) copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1 -propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and acrylic acid partly in sodium salt form, cross-linked with methylenebis (acrylamide);
d) copolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amiflo]-1 -propanesuiphonic acid partly in sodium salt form and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, cross-linked with methylenebis (acrylamide);
e) homopolymer of 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulphonic acid partly in sodium salt form, cross-linked with methylenebis (acrylamide);
f) homopolymer of acrylic acid partly in arnmonium salt or monoethanolamine salt form, cross-linked with sodium diallyloxyacetate; and
g) homopolymer of acrylic acid partly in ammonium or monoethanolamine salt form, cross-linked with triallylamine.

14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said powder is in spherical form.

15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said powder is homogenous.

16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said powder comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of:
a) synthetic materials;
b) natural materials;
c) organic materials;
d) inorganic materials;
e) hydrophilic materials; and
f) hydrophobic materials.

17. The composition according to claim 7, wherein said powder contains a mean diameter in the range of from about 0.01 μm to about 250 μm.

18. The composition according to claim 17, wherein said diameter is in the range of from about 1 μm to about 50 μm.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said powder comprises porous polylmethyl methacrylate microspheres.

20. The composition according to claim 19, wherein said porous polymethyl methacrylate microsphere has a specific surface area greater than or equal to 0.5 m2 per gram.

21. The composition according to claim 2, wherein said powder is at least about 50% by weight of the total composition.