Technical information:  (202) 691-6378        USDL 02-355
               http://www.bls.gov/cps/
                                              For release:  10:00 A.M. EDT
Media contact:                691-5902        Friday, June 28, 2002


            EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS, 2001


   Male veterans of the Vietnam era who served in Southeast Asia had an
unemployment rate of 3.0 percent in August 2001, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.  Their jobless
rate was similar to the rate for veterans of that era who served outside
the Vietnam war theater and for nonveterans of a similar age.  The Vietnam
era is defined as the period from February 1961 to May 1975.  Of the 8.0
million male veterans of the Vietnam era in August 2001, half actually
served in Southeast Asia.  About 11 percent of Vietnam-era veterans had 
a service-connected disability.
   
   The survey of veterans was conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
by the U.S. Census Bureau as a special supplement to the August 2001 Current 
Population Survey (CPS).  It was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor's 
Veterans Employment and Training Service.  For a description of the survey, 
including definitions of terms used in this release, see the Technical Note.
   
Characteristics of Vietnam-era Veterans
   
   As of August 2001, there were 8.0 million male veterans of the Vietnam
era; 91 percent were 45 to 64 years of age.  Ten percent of male Vietnam-
era veterans were black, and about 5 percent were Hispanic.  (See tables 1
and 2.)  (Information on female veterans and male veterans who served
either before or after the Vietnam era also was collected in this special
supplement; summaries of the results for these groups are presented later
in this release.)
   
Vietnam-theater Veterans
   
   About 4.0 million, or half of all male Vietnam-era veterans, reported
that they served in Southeast Asia.  In August 2001, the labor force
participation rate--the proportion of the population that is either employed
or unemployed--for male Vietnam-theater veterans was 73.3 percent.  This was
lower than the rates for Vietnam-era veterans who served outside the Vietnam 
theater (79.9 percent) and for nonveterans age 45 to 64 (82.2 percent).  The 
unemployment rate for male Vietnam-theater veterans (3.0 percent) was es-
sentially the same as the rates for those who served outside the Vietnam 
theater (3.3 percent) and those aged 45 to 64 who never served in the Armed 
Forces (3.1 percent).  (See table 2.)
   
Disabled Veterans of the Vietnam Era
   
   In August 2001, about 11 percent of male Vietnam-era veterans (907,000)
reported having a service-connected disability; 73 percent of them had
served in the Vietnam war theater.  Veterans with a service-connected
disability are assigned a disability rating by the Department of Veterans
Affairs.  Ratings range from 0 to 100 percent, in increments of 10 percent,
depending on the severity of the condition.  About half of all disabled
male Vietnam-era veterans reported a disability rating of less than 
30 percent, while 22 percent had a rating of 60 percent or higher.  (See 
table 4.)
   
                                  - 2 -
   
   About 61 percent of disabled male Vietnam-era veterans were in the labor
force in August 2001.  This proportion was much lower than that for non-
disabled veterans of that era (78.6 percent).  In addition to higher labor 
force participation rates, nondisabled veterans had a lower unemployment rate 
than their disabled counterparts, 3.3 percent versus 4.6 percent.  Only about 
28 percent of Vietnam-era veterans with a disability rating of 60 percent or 
more were in the labor force.  (See table 4.)
   
   Among those employed, about 19 percent of the disabled and 6 percent of
the nondisabled male Vietnam-era veterans worked for the federal government.  
(See table 5.)  Among employed nonveterans of a similar age, the proportion 
in federal employment was 2.4 percent.
   
   Among those disabled male Vietnam-era veterans who were unemployed or
not in the labor force in August 2001, 53 percent reported that their
disability currently prevented them from obtaining or keeping a job.  (See
table 6.)  Twelve percent of those currently employed reported that their
disability had prevented them from obtaining a job in the past.
   
Veterans of Other Service Periods
   
   An estimated 22.7 million men were veterans of the Armed Forces in August 
2001.  Eight million served during the Vietnam era; about 7.2 million served 
in other wars, primarily World War II and Korea; and about 7.5 million served 
during peacetime.  Peacetime veterans include those whose period of service 
occurred during other armed conflicts such as those in Grenada, Panama, and 
the Persian Gulf.
   
   The relatively low labor force participation rate for male veterans of
other wars (15 percent) reflects the fact that nearly all were at least 65
years old.  About 9 percent, or 642,000, of the male veterans of other 
wartime periods reported having a service-connected disability.  (See 
tables 2 and 4.)
   
   Seven percent of male peacetime veterans reported a service-connected
disability.  The labor force participation rate for these disabled veterans
(80.4 percent) was essentially the same as for their nondisabled counterparts 
(79.2 percent).  This reflects, in part, the relatively few severely disabled 
among the peacetime veterans.  (See tables 1 and 4.)
   
Female Veterans
   
   In August 2001, there were 1.6 million female veterans.  Of these veterans, 
184,000 served during the Vietnam era, comprising 2 percent of all veterans 
of that period.  The labor force participation rate of female Vietnam-era 
veterans was 68.1 percent, and their unemployment rate was 5.6 percent.  (See 
table 7.)  The participation rate for their nonveteran peers ages 45 to 64 
was 66.2 percent, and their unemployment rate was 3.3 percent.
   
   About three-fourths of female veterans, or 1.2 million, served in the Armed 
Forces during peacetime.  Their labor force participation and unemployment 
rates were 74.0 and 2.6 percent, respectively.  Seventy-nine percent of female 
peacetime veterans served after the Vietnam era.
   
   About 9 percent of all female veterans had a service-connected disability; 
their labor force participation rate was 70.2 percent.
   
                                  - 3 -

Veterans Recently Discharged from Active Duty
   
   Between 1998 and 2001, 724,000 veterans (men and women combined) were
discharged from active duty.  Among all recently discharged veterans, the
labor force participation rate was 87.7 percent, and the unemployment rate
was 3.9 percent.  (See table 8.)
   
   Two-thirds of veterans discharged from active duty between 1998 and 2001
were ages 18 to 34.  These young recently discharged veterans had a labor
force participation rate of 84.9 percent, and an unemployment rate of 
4.4 percent in August 2001.  Nonveterans of the same age had a labor force
participation rate of 85.7 percent, and an unemployment rate of 6.7 percent.
   
   Blacks made up 20 percent of recently discharged veterans.  The proportion 
of recently discharged veterans in the labor force was slightly less for 
blacks (83.6 percent) than for whites (88.6 percent).  The unemployment rate 
for these black veterans (5.9 percent) was slightly higher than the rate for 
their white counterparts (3.6 percent).  Of those recently discharged, 
19 percent were women.  (See table 8.)
Technical Note
 
 
   The estimates in this release were obtained from a supplement to the
August 2001 Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly survey of about
60,000 households which provides the national data on employment and 
unemployment. The CPS is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
 
   The supplement, which was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor's 
Veterans Employment and Training Service, included special questions asked 
of persons 18 years of age and older regarding their prior service in the 
Armed Forces and whether they had a service-connected disability.
 
   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-691-5200; TDD message referral 
phone number:  1-800-877-8339.

Reliability of the estimates
 
   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error.  When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed,
there is a chance that the sample estimates will differ from the "true"
population values they represent.  The exact difference, or sampling error,
varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate.  There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ 
by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because 
of sampling error.  BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent 
level of confidence.
 
   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error.  Nonsampling error
can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of
the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the
sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct
information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
 
   For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and
information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error" section of Employment and Earnings.

Definitions
 
   The definitions underlying the data in this release are as follows:
 
   Veteran status is provided from responses to the question, "Did you ever
serve on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces?"
 
   Period of service is provided from answers to the question asked of
veterans, "When did you serve?"  The following service periods are
identified:
  
   Vietnam era  --  February 1961-May 1975
   Korean war   --  June 1950-January 1955
   World War II --  September 1940-July 1947
   World War I  --  April 1917-November 1918
   Peacetime    --  All other periods
 
   Vietnam-era veterans are those who served anywhere between August 1964 and 
May 1975, plus those who were in Southeast Asia between February 28, 1961, 
and August 4, 1964.

   Vietnam-theater veterans are those who served in Vietnam, Laos, or
Cambodia, or in the nearby waters or airspace between February 28, 1961,
and May 7, 1975.
 
   Presence of service-connected disability is provided by answers to the
question, "Has the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or the Department of
Defense determined that you have a service-connected disability; that is, a
health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service?"
 
   Effect of service-connected disability on veterans' employment experience
is determined by answers to the questions, "Did your service-connected
disability ever prevent you from getting or holding a job in the past?" and
"Does this disability currently keep you from getting or holding a job?"
The first question was asked of all disabled veterans; the second was asked
only of those who were either unemployed or not in the labor force.
 
   Service-connected disability rating is based on answers to the question,
"What is your current service-connected disability rating?"  Answers can
range from 0 to 100 percent.  Ratings are determined from a rating schedule
published in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 38, "Pensions, Bonuses,
and Veterans Relief," Part 4--"Schedule for Rating Disabilities."  The
rating schedule is "primarily a guide in the evaluations of disability
resulting from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result
of or incident to military service.  The percentage ratings represent, as
far as can practicably be determined, the average impairment in earnings
capacity resulting from such diseases and injuries and their residual
conditions in civil occupations."  Part 4 contains a listing of hundreds of
possible disorders and assigns ratings of 0 through 100 percent in steps of
10 percent for each, with instructions for rating multiple disorders.
     Table 1.  Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, race, and Hispanic origin, August 2001, not
     seasonally adjusted

     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                            Civilian labor force                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                           Civilian                                                   Unemployed           Not in   
             Veteran status, period of service,            noninsti-                                                                        labor   
                 race, and Hispanic origin                 tutional                   Percent                                              force   
                                                          population      Total         of        Employed                   Percent               
                                                                                     population                 Number         of                  
                                                                                                                              labor                
                                                                                                                              force                
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                                   
                           TOTAL                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     97,878       74,403        76.0        71,149        3,255         4.4        23,475   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Veterans......................................     22,683       13,148        58.0        12,701          447         3.4         9,535   
                                                                                                                                                   
           War veterans................................     15,193        7,210        47.5         6,976          234         3.2         7,983   
             Vietnam era...............................      8,007        6,132        76.6         5,938          195         3.2         1,875   
               Vietnam theater.........................      4,046        2,967        73.3         2,877           90         3.0         1,079   
               Outside the Vietnam theater.............      3,961        3,165        79.9         3,061          105         3.3           796   
             Other war veterans........................      7,186        1,077        15.0         1,038           39         3.6         6,109   
           Peacetime veterans..........................      7,490        5,938        79.3         5,725          214         3.6         1,552   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Nonveterans...................................     75,195       61,255        81.5        58,448        2,807         4.6        13,940   
                                                                                                                                                   
                           White                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     82,251       62,928        76.5        60,623        2,305         3.7        19,323   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Veterans......................................     20,011       11,370        56.8        11,017          353         3.1         8,641   
                                                                                                                                                   
           War veterans................................     13,774        6,473        47.0         6,278          195         3.0         7,301   
             Vietnam era...............................      7,106        5,474        77.0         5,315          159         2.9         1,632   
               Vietnam theater.........................      3,542        2,619        73.9         2,539           79         3.0           924   
               Outside the Vietnam theater.............      3,564        2,856        80.1         2,776           80         2.8           708   
             Other war veterans........................      6,667          998        15.0           963           36         3.6         5,669   
           Peacetime veterans..........................      6,237        4,898        78.5         4,739          158         3.2         1,340   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Nonveterans...................................     62,240       51,557        82.8        49,606        1,952         3.8        10,682   
                                                                                                                                                   
                           Black                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     10,881        7,763        71.3         6,999          764         9.8         3,117   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Veterans......................................      2,251        1,495        66.4         1,409           86         5.8           756   
                                                                                                                                                   
           War veterans................................      1,184          618        52.2           584           34         5.5           566   
             Vietnam era...............................        766          563        73.4           529           33         5.9           204   
               Vietnam theater.........................        430          299        69.6           291            9         2.9           131   
               Outside the Vietnam theater.............        336          263        78.3           239           25         9.4            73   
             Other war veterans........................        417           55        13.2            55           -           -            362   
           Peacetime veterans..........................      1,068          877        82.2           825           53         6.0           190   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Nonveterans...................................      8,630        6,268        72.6         5,590          678        10.8         2,362   
                                                                                                                                                   
                      Hispanic origin                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     10,852        8,883        81.9         8,415          468         5.3         1,969   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Veterans......................................      1,027          720        70.1           693           27         3.8           307   
                                                                                                                                                   
           War veterans................................        581          340        58.6           325           15         4.4           241   
             Vietnam era...............................        397          308        77.6           293           15         4.8            89   
               Vietnam theater.........................        260          209        80.5           195           14         6.6            51   
               Outside the Vietnam theater.............        137           98        72.1            97            1         1.1           38   
             Other war veterans........................        184           32        17.6            32           -           -            152   
           Peacetime veterans..........................        447          380        85.0           368           12         3.2            67   
                                                                                                                                                   
         Nonveterans...................................      9,825        8,163        83.1         7,723          441         5.4         1,661   

        NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other
     service periods.  Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Information on specific periods of service appears in the
     Technical Note of this release.  Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other
     races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  Dash represents zero.






     Table 2.  Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and age, August 2001, 
     not seasonally adjusted

     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                            Civilian labor force                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                           Civilian                                                  Unemployed           Not in   
             Veteran status, period of service,            noninsti-                                                                       labor   
                          and age                          tutional                   Percent                                              force   
                                                          population      Total         of        Employed                   Percent               
                                                                                     population                 Number         of                  
                                                                                                                              labor                
                                                                                                                              force                
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                          VETERANS                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     22,683        13,148       58.0         12,701          447        3.4          9,535  
           18 to 24 years..............................        212           184       86.7            177            7        3.8             28  
           25 to 34 years..............................      1,678         1,574       93.8          1,516           58        3.7            104  
           35 to 44 years..............................      2,616         2,417       92.4          2,323           94        3.9            199  
           45 to 54 years..............................      4,897         4,253       86.8          4,117          136        3.2            644  
           55 to 64 years..............................      4,787         3,265       68.2          3,162          103        3.2          1,521  
           65 years and over...........................      8,493         1,454       17.1          1,406           48        3.3          7,039  
                                                                                                                                                   
                      War veterans(1)                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 35 years and over........................     15,193         7,210       47.5          6,976          234        3.2          7,983  
           35 to 44 years..............................        153           135       88.0            126            8        6.2             18  
           45 to 54 years..............................      4,139         3,585       86.6          3,473          112        3.1            554  
           55 to 64 years..............................      3,304         2,321       70.2          2,243           78        3.3            983  
           65 years and over...........................      7,597         1,170       15.4          1,134           36        3.1          6,427  
                                                                                                                                                   
                       Vietnam era(1)                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 35 years and over........................      8,007         6,132       76.6          5,938          195        3.2          1,875  
           35 to 44 years..............................        153           135       88.0            126            8        6.2             18  
           45 to 54 years..............................      4,139         3,585       86.6          3,473          112        3.1            554  
           55 to 64 years..............................      3,164         2,272       71.8          2,198           74        3.3            892  
           65 years and over...........................        551           141       25.6            141           -          -             410  
                                                                                                                                                   
                      Vietnam theater                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 35 years and over........................      4,046         2,967       73.3          2,877           90        3.0          1,079  
           35 to 44 years..............................         34            30        (2)             30           -          -               4  
           45 to 54 years..............................      2,049         1,730       84.4          1,680           50        2.9            320  
           55 to 64 years..............................      1,581         1,127       71.3          1,088           39        3.5            454  
           65 years and over...........................        382            81       21.1             80           -          -             301  
                                                                                                                                                   
                Outside the Vietnam theater                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 35 years and over........................      3,961         3,165       79.9          3,061          105        3.3            796  
           35 to 44 years..............................        119           105       88.2             97            8        7.9             14  
           45 to 54 years..............................      2,090         1,855       88.8          1,793           61        3.3            235  
           55 to 64 years..............................      1,583         1,145       72.3          1,110           35        3.1            438  
           65 years and over...........................        169            61       35.8             61           -          -             109  
                                                                                                                                                   
                   Other war veterans(1)                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 55 years and over........................      7,186         1,077       15.0          1,038           39        3.6          6,109  
           55 to 64 years..............................        140            49       34.8             45            3        (2)             91  
           65 years and over...........................      7,046         1,029       14.6            993           36        3.5          6,017  
                                                                                                                                                   
                     Peacetime veterans                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................      7,490         5,938       79.3          5,725          214        3.6          1,552  
           18 to 24 years..............................        212           184       86.7            177            7        3.8             28  
           25 to 34 years..............................      1,678         1,574       93.8          1,516           58        3.7            104  
           35 to 44 years..............................      2,463         2,282       92.7          2,197           86        3.8            181  
           45 to 54 years..............................        758           669       88.2            644           25        3.7             90  
           55 to 64 years..............................      1,482           945       63.7            919           25        2.7            538  
           65 years and over...........................        896           284       31.7            272           12        4.3            612  
                                                                                                                                                   
                        NONVETERANS                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                   
       Total, 18 years and over........................     75,195        61,255       81.5         58,448        2,807        4.6         13,940  
           18 to 24 years..............................     13,253        10,273       77.5          9,234        1,040       10.1          2,980  
           25 to 34 years..............................     16,434        15,173       92.3         14,518          654        4.3          1,261  
           35 to 44 years..............................     19,283        17,773       92.2         17,199          574        3.2          1,510  
           45 to 54 years..............................     13,937        12,426       89.2         12,049          377        3.0          1,511  
           55 to 64 years..............................      6,768         4,585       67.8          4,437          148        3.2          2,182  
           65 years and over...........................      5,520         1,026       18.6          1,012           14        1.4          4,494  

       1 Because of the aging of the population, there are no longer any Vietnam-era veterans under 35 years of age or any other war veterans under
     55 years of age.
       2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other
     service periods.  Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.  Information on specific periods of service appears in the
     Technical Note of this release.  Dash represents zero.





     Table 3.  Employed men 18 years and over by occupation, veteran status, and period of service, August 2001,
     not seasonally adjusted

     (Percent distribution)
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                   Veterans                                              
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                  War veterans                                           
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                 Nonvet- 
                            Occupation                                                             Vietnam era                        Peace-      erans  
                                                                   Total                                                               time              
                                                                                                                            Other    veterans            
                                                                                Total                           Outside      war                         
                                                                                           Total     Vietnam      the     veterans                       
                                                                                                     theater    Vietnam                                  
                                                                                                                theater                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
     Total, 18 years and over (thousands).....................     12,701       6,976      5,938      2,877      3,061      1,038      5,725     58,448  
          Percent.............................................      100.0       100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0      100.0  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Managerial and professional specialty.................       29.8        32.4       32.9       30.1       35.6       29.7       26.7       28.8  
           Executive, administrative, and managerial..........       16.6        18.3       18.7       17.9       19.3       16.4       14.6       14.9  
           Professional specialty.............................       13.2        14.1       14.3       12.2       16.2       13.3       12.1       13.8  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Technical, sales, and administrative support..........       21.2        21.0       20.9       21.9       20.0       21.6       21.4       19.2  
           Technicians and related support....................        3.9         2.9        3.4        3.1        3.7         .3        5.0        2.9  
           Sales occupations..................................       10.5        11.3       10.7       10.9       10.5       14.8        9.4       10.9  
           Administrative support, including clerical.........        6.9         6.8        6.8        7.9        5.8        6.4        7.0        5.4  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Service occupations...................................        9.4         8.7        7.8        8.5        7.1       14.2       10.1        9.5  
           Protective service.................................        5.0         4.2        4.1        4.7        3.5        5.3        5.9        2.4  
           Other service occupations..........................        4.3         4.5        3.7        3.9        3.6        8.9        4.2        7.1  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Precision production, craft, and repair...............       19.1        17.8       19.2       20.3       18.2        9.5       20.7       19.5  
           Mechanics and repairers............................        8.0         6.6        7.3        7.1        7.5        2.7        9.7        6.2  
           Construction trades................................        7.0         6.9        7.3        7.8        6.8        4.6        7.2        9.2  
           Other precision production, craft, and repair......        4.1         4.3        4.6        5.5        3.9        2.2        3.8        4.0  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Operators, fabricators, and laborers..................       17.4        16.1       16.4       16.9       16.0       14.3       18.9       19.1  
           Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors......        5.3         5.1        5.7        5.5        5.9        1.7        5.6        6.0  
           Transportation and material moving occupations.....        8.2         7.7        7.5        8.2        6.7        8.9        8.9        7.0  
           Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers        3.8         3.3        3.3        3.1        3.4        3.6        4.3        6.1  
                                                                                                                                                         
        Farming, forestry, and fishing........................        3.1         3.9        2.7        2.2        3.2       10.7        2.1        3.9  

         NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other service
     periods.  Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Information on specific periods of service appears in the Technical Note of
     this release.  






     Table 4.  Employment status of male veterans 18 years and over by period of service, presence of service-connected disability, and reported
     disability rating, August 2001, not seasonally adjusted

     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                            Civilian labor force                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                           Civilian                                                  Unemployed           Not in   
       Period of service, presence of disability, and      noninsti-                                                                       labor   
                 reported disability rating                tutional                   Percent                                              force   
                                                          population      Total         of        Employed                   Percent               
                                                                                     population                 Number         of                  
                                                                                                                              labor                
                                                                                                                              force                
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                          VETERANS                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............      2,087         1,058       50.7          1,012         46          4.4          1,029  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....      1,058           625       59.0            611         13          2.1            434  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        440           243       55.2            226         17          7.0            197  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....        356            85       23.9             74         11         12.4            271  
            Disability rating not reported.............        232           106       45.4            100          5          5.0            127  
       Without service-connected disability............     17,489        10,112       57.8          9,766        346          3.4          7,377  
       Presence of disability not reported.............      3,107         1,978       63.7          1,923         55          2.8          1,129  
                                                                                                                                                   
                        War veterans                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............      1,548           625       40.4            595         30          4.8            923  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        760           378       49.7            369          9          2.4            382  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        320           143       44.7            136          7          5.2            177  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....        307            58       18.8             47         11          (1)            249  
            Disability rating not reported.............        161            46       28.6             44          3          (1)            115  
       Without service-connected disability............     11,698         5,529       47.3          5,340        188          3.4          6,170  
       Presence of disability not reported.............      1,946         1,056       54.3          1,041         15          1.5            890  
                                                                                                                                                   
                        Vietnam era                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............        907           557       61.4            531         26          4.6            350  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        444           335       75.6            330          5          1.5            108  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        191           127       66.4            119          7          5.9             64  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....        198            55       27.8             44         11          (1)            143  
            Disability rating not reported.............         74            40        (1)             37          3          (1)             34  
       Without service-connected disability............      5,974         4,694       78.6          4,540        153          3.3          1,281  
       Presence of disability not reported.............      1,126           882       78.3            867         15          1.7            244  
                                                                                                                                                   
                      Vietnam theater                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............        659           371       56.3            358         13          3.5            288  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        308           212       68.8            207          5          2.2             96  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        143            92       64.4             87          5          5.1             51  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....        146            39       26.7             35          4          (1)            107  
            Disability rating not reported.............         62            28        (1)             28         -            -              34  
       Without service-connected disability............      2,776         2,129       76.7          2,059         70          3.3            647  
       Presence of disability not reported.............        611           468       76.5            461          7          1.5            144  
                                                                                                                                                   
                Outside the Vietnam theater                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............        248           186       74.9            173         13          6.8             62  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        136           124       91.0            123         -            -              12  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......         48            35        (1)             32          3          (1)             14  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....         52            16        (1)              9          7          (1)             36  
            Disability rating not reported.............         11            11        (1)              9          3          (1)             -     
       Without service-connected disability............      3,198         2,565       80.2          2,481         84          3.3            633  
       Presence of disability not reported.............        515           414       80.5            406          8          2.0            100  
                                                                                                                                                   
                     Other war veterans                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............        642            68       10.7             64          4          (1)            573  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        317            43       13.6             39          4          (1)            274  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        129            16       12.5             16         -            -             113  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....        109             3        2.6              3         -            -             106  
            Disability rating not reported.............         87             6        7.4              6         -            -              81  
       Without service-connected disability............      5,724           835       14.6            800         35          4.2          4,889  
       Presence of disability not reported.............        820           174       21.2            174         -            -             646  
                                                                                                                                                   
                     Peacetime veterans                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                   
       With service-connected disability...............        539           433       80.4            416         16          3.8            106  
            Less than 30 percent disability rating.....        298           246       82.6            242          4          1.6             52  
            30- to 50- percent disability rating.......        119           100       83.5             90         10          9.7             20  
            60 percent or higher disability rating.....         50            27        (1)             27         -            -              22  
            Disability rating not reported.............         71            60        (1)             57          3          (1)             12  
       Without service-connected disability............      5,790         4,583       79.2          4,425        158          3.4          1,207  
       Presence of disability not reported.............      1,161           922       79.4            883         39          4.3            239  

       1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other
     service periods. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Information on specific periods of service appears in the
     Technical Note of this release.  A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. 
     The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of
     Federal Regulations, "Title 38." Additional information on periods of service and service-connected disability ratings also appears in the
     Technical Note of this release. Dash represents zero.






     Table 5.  Employed men 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, presence of service-connected disability, 
     and class of worker, August 2001, not seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                           Percent distribution by class of worker                     
                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                         Nonagricultural wage and salary workers                       
                                                            Total                                                                        Agricultural  
      Veteran status, period of service, and presence    employed(1)                                                                       wage and    
                       of disability                     (thousands)                                          Government                    salary,    
                                                                          Total                                                         self-employed, 
                                                                                      Private                                             and unpaid   
                                                                                      sector                                  State     family workers 
                                                                                                    Total       Federal        and                     
                                                                                                                              local                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                       
     All veterans......................................     12,701       100.0         72.2         17.5          6.3         11.2           10.4      
         With service-connected disability.............      1,012       100.0         62.6         27.9         14.3         13.6            9.5      
         Without service-connected disability..........      9,766       100.0         72.7         17.0          5.6         11.5           10.3      
                                                                                                                                                       
       War veterans....................................      6,976       100.0         68.8         18.5          6.6         11.9           12.7      
           With service-connected disability...........        595       100.0         55.1         32.4         17.4         14.9           12.5      
           Without service-connected disability........      5,340       100.0         70.0         17.3          5.4         11.9           12.6      
                                                                                                                                                       
         Vietnam era...................................      5,938       100.0         69.8         19.7          7.5         12.3           10.4      
             With service-connected disability.........        531       100.0         52.9         35.6         19.4         16.2           11.5      
             Without service-connected disability......      4,540       100.0         71.2         18.4          6.1         12.3           10.3      
                                                                                                                                                       
           Vietnam theater.............................      2,877       100.0         69.3         21.2          8.3         12.9            9.5      
               With service-connected disability.......        358       100.0         50.6         36.7         18.7         18.0           12.6      
               Without service-connected disability....      2,059       100.0         71.7         19.0          6.7         12.3            9.2      
                                                                                                                                                       
           Outside the Vietnam theater.................      3,061       100.0         70.4         18.3          6.6         11.7           11.3      
               With service-connected disability.......        173       100.0         57.5         33.3         20.9         12.5            9.1      
               Without service-connected disability....      2,481       100.0         70.8         18.0          5.6         12.3           11.3      
                                                                                                                                                       
         Other war veterans............................      1,038       100.0         63.1         11.2          1.6          9.6           25.7      
             With service-connected disability.........         64       100.0          (2)          (2)          (2)          (2)            (2)      
             Without service-connected disability......        800       100.0         63.4         11.0          1.3          9.7           25.6      
                                                                                                                                                       
       Peacetime veterans..............................      5,725       100.0         76.2         16.2          5.9         10.3            7.5      
           With service-connected disability...........        416       100.0         73.3         21.5          9.7         11.8            5.2      
           Without service-connected disability........      4,425       100.0         76.0         16.6          5.7         10.9            7.4      
                                                                                                                                                       
     Nonveterans.......................................     58,448       100.0         79.4         10.0          1.7          8.3           10.6      

       1 Includes veterans who did not report presence of disability.
       2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other
     service periods. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Information on specific periods of service appears in the
     Technical Note of this release.  A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service.  The
     associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal
     Regulations, "Title 38." Additional information on periods of service and service-connected disability ratings also appears in the Technical Note
     of this release.  






     Table 6.  Disabled male veterans 18 years and over by period of service, disability rating, and effect of disability on jobholding,
     August 2001, not seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                               Disabled veterans                             
                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                            Unemployed or not in the         
                                                                                                                  labor force                
               Period of service and disability rating                          Percent whose                                                
                                                                    Total         disability                                                 
                                                                  (thousands)      affected                                 Percent whose    
                                                                                  past job-               Total               disability     
                                                                                   holding             (thousands)            currently      
                                                                                                                             affects job-    
                                                                                                                               holding       
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                             
     All veterans(1).............................................    2,087           22.6                  1,075                 34.8        
         Less than 30 percent disability rating..................    1,058           11.7                    447                 14.1        
         30- to 50- percent disability rating....................      440           25.0                    214                 28.7        
         60 percent or higher disability rating..................      356           59.2                    282                 79.3        
                                                                                                                                             
       War veterans..............................................    1,548           23.5                    953                 34.0        
           Less than 30 percent disability rating................      760           10.7                    391                 13.1        
           30- to 50- percent disability rating..................      320           24.4                    185                 24.0        
           60 percent or higher disability rating................      307           59.2                    260                 79.0        
                                                                                                                                             
         Vietnam era.............................................      907           26.2                    376                 53.0        
             Less than 30 percent disability rating..............      444           10.8                    114                 21.9        
             30- to 50- percent disability rating................      191           29.0                     72                 (2)         
             60 percent or higher disability rating..............      198           61.3                    154                 90.9        
                                                                                                                                             
           Vietnam theater.......................................      659           28.4                    301                 52.4        
               Less than 30 percent disability rating............      308           13.4                    101                 22.8        
               30- to 50- percent disability rating..............      143           32.2                     55                 (2)         
               60 percent or higher disability rating............      146           60.5                    111                 92.3        
                                                                                                                                             
           Outside the Vietnam theater...........................      248           20.2                     75                 55.5        
               Less than 30 percent disability rating............      136            5.1                     13                 (2)         
               30- to 50- percent disability rating..............       48           (2)                      16                 (2)         
               60 percent or higher disability rating............       52           (2)                      43                 (2)         
                                                                                                                                             
         Other war veterans......................................      642           19.7                    577                 21.5        
             Less than 30 percent disability rating..............      317           10.5                    278                  9.5        
             30- to 50- percent disability rating................      129           17.5                    113                 15.5        
             60 percent or higher disability rating..............      109           55.4                    106                 61.8        
                                                                                                                                             
       Peacetime veterans........................................      539           19.9                    122                 41.2        
           Less than 30 percent disability rating................      298           14.1                     56                 (2)         
           30- to 50- percent disability rating..................      119           26.9                     29                 (2)         
           60 percent or higher disability rating................       50           (2)                      22                 (2)         

       1 Includes veterans who did not report disability rating, as well as those who did not respond to the question on the effect of
     disability on jobholding.
       2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Male veterans are men who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and all other
     service periods. Nonveterans are men who have never served in the Armed Forces.  A service-connected disability is a health condition or
     impairment caused or made worse by military service.  The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is
     determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." Additional information on periods of
     service and service-connected disability ratings also appears in the Technical Note of this release.  
 






     Table 7.  Employment status of women 18 years and over by veteran status and period of service, August 2001, 
     not seasonally adjusted

     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                       Civilian labor force                               
                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                          
                                                        Civilian                                              Unemployed          Not in  
          Veteran status and period of service          noninsti-                                                                 labor   
                                                        tutional                 Percent                                          force   
                                                       population     Total         of       Employed                Percent              
                                                                                population                Number        of                
                                                                                                                      labor               
                                                                                                                      force               
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                          
     Total, 18 years and over.......................    106,221       64,139       60.4       60,951       3,188        5.0       42,082  
                                                                                                                                          
       Veterans.....................................      1,600        1,052       65.8        1,022          31        2.9          548  
                                                                                                                                          
         War veterans...............................        374          145       38.9          138           7        4.8          228  
           Vietnam era..............................        184          126       68.1          118           7        5.6           59  
             Vietnam theater........................         43           28       (1)            28         -           -            15  
             Outside the Vietnam theater............        141           98       69.1           91           7        7.2           44  
           Other war veterans.......................        190           20       10.5           20         -           -           170  
         Peacetime veterans.........................      1,226          907       74.0          883          24        2.6          319  
                                                                                                                                          
         With service-connected disability..........        150          105       70.2          101           4        4.0           45  
         Without service-connected disability.......      1,155          743       64.3          727          16        2.2          412  
         Presence of disability not reported........        295          204       69.2          193          10        5.1           91  
                                                                                                                                          
       Nonveterans..................................    104,621       63,087       60.3       59,929       3,157        5.0       41,534  

       1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Female veterans are women who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II, and
     all other service periods. Nonveterans are women who have never served in the Armed Forces. Information on specific periods of
     service appears in the Technical Note of this release.  A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or
     made worse by military service.  The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating
     schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." Additional information on periods of service and
     service-connected disability ratings also appears in the Technical Note of this release.  Dash represents zero.






     Table 8.  Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by year of discharge from the Armed Forces, sex, race, and
     Hispanic origin, August 2001, not seasonally adjusted

     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                     
                                                                            Civilian labor force                                     
                                                                                                                                     
                                       Civilian                                                                                      
     Year of discharge, sex, race,     noninsti-                                  Employed               Unemployed          Not in  
          and Hispanic origin          tutional                 Percent                                                      labor   
                                      population     Total         of                                                        force   
                                                               population               Percent                 Percent              
                                                                             Total         of        Number        of                
                                                                                       population             labor force            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                     
                 TOTAL                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............     9,353        2,704        28.9       2,608        27.9         95          3.5       6,650   
       1968 to 1977................     4,554        3,576        78.5       3,465        76.1        111          3.1         977   
       1978 to 1987................     2,248        1,935        86.1       1,861        82.8         74          3.8         314   
       1988 to 1997................     2,722        2,472        90.8       2,384        87.6         88          3.6         250   
       1998 to 2001................       724          635        87.7         611        84.3         24          3.9          89   
       Year not available..........     4,682        2,878        61.5       2,794        59.7         85          2.9       1,803   
                                                                                                                                     
                  Men                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............     9,115        2,653        29.1       2,560        28.1         93          3.5       6,462   
       1968 to 1977................     4,452        3,506        78.8       3,398        76.3        108          3.1         946   
       1978 to 1987................     1,944        1,702        87.5       1,634        84.1         67          4.0         242   
       1988 to 1997................     2,284        2,120        92.8       2,037        89.2         83          3.9         164   
       1998 to 2001................       590          545        92.3         522        88.5         23          4.2          45   
       Year not available..........     4,298        2,623        61.0       2,550        59.3         73          2.8       1,676   
                                                                                                                                     
                 Women                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............       239           51        21.2          48        20.2          2          (1)         188   
       1968 to 1977................       102           70        69.0          67        65.8          3          (1)          32   
       1978 to 1987................       304          233        76.6         227        74.4          7          2.8          71   
       1988 to 1997................       438          352        80.5         347        79.3          5          1.5          85   
       1998 to 2001................       134           90        67.3          89        66.0          2          1.9          44   
       Year not available..........       383          255        66.7         244        63.7         11          4.4         128   
                                                                                                                                     
                 White                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............     8,728        2,535        29.0       2,447        28.0         88          3.5       6,192   
       1968 to 1977................     4,090        3,225        78.8       3,130        76.5         94          2.9         866   
       1978 to 1987................     1,847        1,584        85.7       1,532        82.9         52          3.3         263   
       1988 to 1997................     2,164        1,984        91.7       1,923        88.9         61          3.1         180   
       1998 to 2001................       548          485        88.6         468        85.4         17          3.6          62   
       Year not available..........     3,882        2,339        60.3       2,280        58.7         59          2.5       1,542   
                                                                                                                                     
                 Black                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............       507          133        26.2         129        25.4          4          3.1         374   
       1968 to 1977................       394          300        76.2         284        72.0         16          5.5          94   
       1978 to 1987................       349          304        87.1         285        81.6         19          6.4          45   
       1988 to 1997................       474          410        86.6         384        81.1         26          6.4          63   
       1998 to 2001................       143          120        83.6         113        78.6          7          5.9          24   
       Year not available..........       698          463        66.4         440        63.0         23          5.0         235   
                                                                                                                                     
            Hispanic origin                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                     
       Prior to 1968...............       238           76        31.9          72        30.4          4          4.7         162   
       1968 to 1977................       199          147        74.1         134        67.2         14          9.3          51   
       1978 to 1987................       161          150        93.3         146        90.7          4          2.9          11   
       1988 to 1997................       163          143        87.7         141        86.9          1           .8          20   
       1998 to 2001................        59           45        (1)           42        (1)           3          (1)          15   
       Year not available..........       302          212        70.4         209        69.1          4          1.8          89   

       1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
       NOTE:  Veterans are men and women who served in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam era, the Korean war, World Wars I and II,
     and all other service periods. Information on specific periods of service appears in the Technical Note of this release. Detail
     for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
     and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  Dash represents zero.