For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, May 1, 2024 USDL-24-0794

Technical information: 

 Employment: (202) 691-6559 • sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 • lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — MARCH 2024

Unemployment rates were higher in March than a year earlier in 269 of the 389 metropolitan 

areas, lower in 89 areas, and unchanged in 31 areas, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 

today. A total of 77 areas had jobless rates of less than 3.0 percent and 12 areas had rates of at 

least 8.0 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 51 metropolitan areas, 

decreased in 5 areas, and was essentially unchanged in 333 areas. The national unemployment 

rate in March was 3.9 percent, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.6 percent a year earlier. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the national 

household survey estimates. These data pertain to individuals by where they reside. The 

employment data are from an establishment survey that measures nonfarm employment, hours, 

and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by where the 

establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note. 

Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, Burlington-South Burlington, VT, had the lowest unemployment rate, 1.6 percent. The 

next lowest rates were in Rapid City, SD, and Sioux Falls, SD, 1.9 percent each. El Centro, CA, 

had the highest rate, 16.1 percent. A total of 208 areas had March jobless rates below the U.S. 

rate of 3.9 percent, 169 areas had rates above it, and 12 areas had rates equal to that of the nation. 

(See table 1 and map 1.) 

The largest over-the-year unemployment rate increase in March occurred in Kahului-WailukuLahaina, HI (+1.7 percentage points), followed by Yakima, WA (+1.6 points). Twenty-eight 

other areas had rate increases of at least 1.0 percentage point. Yuma, AZ, had the largest overthe-year rate decrease in March (-1.2 percentage points). 

Of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more, NashvilleDavidson—Murfreesboro—Franklin, TN, had the lowest jobless rate in March, 2.4 percent. Las 

Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV, and Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA, had the highest 
-2- 

rates, 5.1 percent each. Thirty-nine large areas had over-the-year unemployment rate increases, 

seven had decreases, and five had no change. The largest rate increase was in New OrleansMetairie, LA (+1.1 percentage points). The largest jobless rate declines occurred in PhoenixMesa-Scottsdale, AZ, and Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC (-0.5 percentage 

point each). 

Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are made up of 38 metropolitan divisions, which 

are essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In March, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, FL, had the lowest division unemployment rate, 2.0 percent. Elgin, IL, had the highest 

rate among the divisions, 6.1 percent. (See table 2.) 

In March, 27 metropolitan divisions had over-the-year unemployment rate increases, 5 had 

decreases, and 6 had no change. The largest rate increase occurred in Tacoma-Lakewood, WA 

(+1.2 percentage points). The largest over-the-year jobless rate declines occurred in BrocktonBridgewater-Easton, MA, and Taunton-Middleborough-Norton, MA (-0.5 percentage point 

each).

Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 51 metropolitan areas, 

decreased in 5 areas, and was essentially unchanged in 333 areas. The largest over-the-year 

employment increases occurred in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (+118,700), 

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX (+67,800), and Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm 

Beach, FL (+66,500). The largest over-the-year percentage gains in employment occurred in 

Ocean City, NJ (+19.4 percent), Madera, CA (+6.5 percent), and Coeur d’Alene, ID (+5.9 

percent). The largest over-the-year decreases in employment occurred in Portland-VancouverHillsboro, OR-WA (-21,800), Elkhart-Goshen, IN (-6,300), and Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI 

(-5,000). In percentage terms, the largest decrease occurred in Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI 

(-6.6 percent), followed by Elkhart-Goshen, IN (-4.5 percent), and Springfield, IL (-4.0 percent). 

(See table 3 and map 2.) 

Over the year, nonfarm employment increased in 20 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census 

population of 1 million or more, decreased in 1 area, and was essentially unchanged in 30 areas. 

The largest over-the-year percentage increases in employment in these large metropolitan areas 

occurred in Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+3.3 percent), Sacramento—Roseville—

Arden-Arcade, CA (+3.1 percent), and Raleigh, NC (+2.8 percent). The over-the-year decrease 

in employment occurred in Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA (-1.8 percent).

Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In March, nonfarm payroll employment increased over the year in 7 metropolitan divisions and 

was essentially unchanged in 31 divisions. The largest over-the-year increases in employment 

among the metropolitan divisions occurred in New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ 

(+69,200), Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+44,400), and Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL (+38,400). 

(See table 4.)
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The largest over-the-year percentage increases in employment occurred in Miami-Miami BeachKendall, FL (+3.0 percent), and Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach, FL (+2.0 

percent), followed by Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine, CA, and Nassau County-Suffolk County, NY 

(+1.9 percent each).

_____________

The State Employment and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be 

released on Friday, May 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Metropolitan Area Employment 

and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, May 

29, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Technical Note

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data from the Local Area Unemployment 

Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2) for 389 metropolitan 

statistical areas and metropolitan New England City and Town 

Areas (NECTAs), plus 7 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 38 

metropolitan and NECTA divisions also are presented. 

Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are 

provided for the same areas. State estimates were previously 

published in the news release State Employment and 

Unemployment, and are republished in this news release for 

ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both 

federal-state cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed 

people are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the

reference week (typically the week including the 12th of the 

month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family 

business or farm, plus those not working who had a job from 

which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for 

such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation. 

Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, and New York City are produced using 

time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national 

CPS totals. Model-based estimates are also produced for the 

following areas and their respective balances: the ChicagoNaperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division; 

Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; DetroitWarren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area; MiamiMiami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division; and SeattleBellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division. Modeling 

improves the statistical basis of the estimation for these areas 

and provides important tools for analysis, such as measures of 

errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all other substate

areas in this news release, estimates are prepared through 

indirect estimation procedures using a building-block approach. 

Estimates of employed people, which are based largely on 

“place of work” estimates from the CES program, are adjusted 

to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment 

estimates are aggregates of people previously employed in 

industries covered by state Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws 

and entrants to the labor force from the CPS. The substate 

estimates of employment and unemployment, which 

geographically exhaust the entire state, are adjusted 

proportionally to ensure that they add to the independently 

estimated model-based area totals. A detailed description of the 

estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and 

unemployment data shown for the prior year reflect adjustments 

made at the beginning of each year, usually implemented with 

the issuance of January estimates. The adjusted model-based 

estimates typically reflect updated population data from the

U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in other input data sources, 

and model re-estimation. All substate estimates then are reestimated using updated inputs and adjusted to add to the 

revised model-based totals. In early 2021, a new generation of 

time-series models was implemented, resulting in the 

replacement of data back to the series beginnings.

Employment—from the CES program

Definitions. Employment data refer to people on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period that includes the 12th of the month. People are counted at 

their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those 

appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. 

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity 

in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American 

Industry Classification System.

Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment 

series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct 

sample estimates (described above) combined with other 

regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes.

Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to
adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted for states, metropolitan areas, and 

metropolitan divisions at the total nonfarm level. For states, 

data are seasonally adjusted at the supersector level as well. 

Revisions to historical data for the most recent 5 years are made 

once a year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates, including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. 

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month's preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month's final estimate.

Reliability of the estimates

The estimates presented in this news release are based on 

sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, 

are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error 

is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that 

occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire 

population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to 

nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into 

the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not 

directly derived from sample surveys are subject to additional 

errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. 

The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals 

shown in the same tables because of rounding.

Use of error measures

Civilian labor force and unemployment estimates. 

Measures of sampling error are not available for metropolitan 

areas or metropolitan divisions. Model-based error measures for 

states are available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling error 

are not available for the areas contained in this news release. 

Information on recent data revisions for states and local areas is 

available online at www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm.

Employment estimates. Changes in metropolitan area 

nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the analysis of this 

news release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Measures of sampling error for the total nonfarm employment 

series are available for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of 

sampling error for more detailed series at the area and division 

level are available upon request. Measures of sampling error for 

states at the supersector level and for the private service 

providing, goods-producing, total private and total nonfarm 

levels are available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm.

Area definitions

The substate area data published in this news release 

reflect the delineations issued by the U.S. Office of 

Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. Data reflect New 

England City and Town Area (NECTA) definitions, rather than 

county-based definitions, in the six New England States. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Additional information

Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted civilian 

labor force and unemployment data for states and seven 

substate areas are available in the news release State 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force and unemployment for all states, metropolitan areas, 

counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other 

areas used in the administration of various federal economic 

assistance programs are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/.

Employment data from the CES program for states and 

metropolitan areas are available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/sae/.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 

services.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,283,059 2,316,439 2,292,002 2,343,059 58,199 78,981 50,449 70,886 2.5 3.4 2.2 3.0

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . 45,438 45,833 45,443 46,254 1,261 1,759 1,085 1,529 2.8 3.8 2.4 3.3

Auburn-Opelika. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,797 82,685 80,531 83,668 1,858 2,568 1,666 2,391 2.3 3.1 2.1 2.9

Birmingham-Hoover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,912 573,529 567,957 581,100 13,063 18,033 11,320 16,199 2.3 3.1 2.0 2.8

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,404 104,049 102,867 105,462 2,451 3,374 2,087 3,003 2.4 3.2 2.0 2.8

Decatur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,049 77,100 76,395 77,972 1,605 2,113 1,359 1,954 2.1 2.7 1.8 2.5

Dothan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,319 66,873 65,664 67,402 1,669 2,347 1,435 2,071 2.6 3.5 2.2 3.1

Florence-Muscle Shoals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,142 67,177 66,950 68,168 1,803 2,381 1,516 2,097 2.7 3.5 2.3 3.1

Gadsden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,256 39,622 39,437 40,038 1,134 1,533 968 1,406 2.9 3.9 2.5 3.5

Huntsville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252,693 259,602 253,824 262,271 5,261 7,351 4,621 6,727 2.1 2.8 1.8 2.6

Mobile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189,499 190,423 189,600 192,294 5,919 8,354 5,241 7,502 3.1 4.4 2.8 3.9

Montgomery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175,867 178,127 176,813 180,164 4,852 6,022 4,195 5,389 2.8 3.4 2.4 3.0

Tuscaloosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,065 120,840 119,453 122,338 2,830 3,986 2,575 3,569 2.4 3.3 2.2 2.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352,213 354,142 353,002 355,275 16,450 19,592 15,326 17,160 4.7 5.5 4.3 4.8

Anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199,684 201,876 199,803 202,374 8,155 9,746 7,600 8,613 4.1 4.8 3.8 4.3

Fairbanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,026 45,247 45,303 45,528 1,902 2,197 1,767 1,850 4.2 4.9 3.9 4.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,650,815 3,746,403 3,675,765 3,745,451 130,536 135,488 129,354 107,219 3.6 3.6 3.5 2.9

Flagstaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,534 75,902 74,223 75,831 3,059 3,090 2,845 2,305 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.0

Lake Havasu City-Kingman. . . . . . . . . . . . 89,178 90,875 89,556 90,464 4,003 4,042 3,930 3,217 4.5 4.4 4.4 3.6

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,613,773 2,693,600 2,630,688 2,692,858 83,644 88,289 82,841 69,499 3.2 3.3 3.1 2.6

Prescott. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,751 110,425 108,459 110,582 3,667 3,842 3,824 2,971 3.4 3.5 3.5 2.7

Sierra Vista-Douglas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,565 50,282 50,075 50,154 2,205 2,162 2,166 1,687 4.4 4.3 4.3 3.4

Tucson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490,613 500,078 492,780 499,871 17,383 18,089 17,168 14,098 3.5 3.6 3.5 2.8

Yuma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,389 95,790 100,244 96,076 9,687 9,285 9,722 8,123 9.8 9.7 9.7 8.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364,095 1,378,883 1,375,493 1,391,169 44,653 48,447 40,029 45,642 3.3 3.5 2.9 3.3

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers. . . . . . . . . 307,133 314,165 309,543 316,955 7,297 8,207 6,823 7,838 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.5

Fort Smith. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,747 120,870 118,635 120,900 3,904 4,787 3,593 4,258 3.3 4.0 3.0 3.5

Hot Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,181 41,176 41,367 41,342 1,582 1,586 1,401 1,515 3.8 3.9 3.4 3.7

Jonesboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,632 66,864 67,151 67,451 1,845 2,088 1,679 1,955 2.8 3.1 2.5 2.9

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway. . . . 362,045 369,747 364,055 372,277 11,048 12,132 9,946 11,553 3.1 3.3 2.7 3.1

Pine Bluff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,984 31,599 32,305 31,796 1,474 1,473 1,300 1,380 4.6 4.7 4.0 4.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,354,958 19,400,989 19,386,551 19,409,333 925,636 1,085,527 904,111 1,036,703 4.8 5.6 4.7 5.3

Bakersfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392,487 400,082 389,733 391,668 35,421 41,509 36,163 39,654 9.0 10.4 9.3 10.1

Chico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,866 93,691 92,855 93,694 5,185 6,503 5,142 5,950 5.6 6.9 5.5 6.4

El Centro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,418 74,174 71,778 72,929 11,311 13,035 10,960 11,769 15.8 17.6 15.3 16.1

Fresno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461,600 470,312 460,798 466,951 37,975 45,352 38,701 42,626 8.2 9.6 8.4 9.1

Hanford-Corcoran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,370 60,463 57,677 59,714 5,447 6,523 5,535 5,973 9.3 10.8 9.6 10.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim. . . . . 6,657,193 6,609,009 6,651,614 6,629,690 311,210 318,342 294,149 325,292 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.9

Madera. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,493 67,962 63,776 66,322 5,432 6,238 5,548 5,933 8.4 9.2 8.7 8.9

Merced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,514 122,065 118,317 121,738 12,562 14,942 12,834 14,055 10.7 12.2 10.8 11.5

Modesto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,884 249,468 243,756 250,319 16,267 19,775 16,453 18,622 6.7 7.9 6.7 7.4

Napa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,448 72,563 71,437 72,575 2,698 3,324 2,542 3,013 3.8 4.6 3.6 4.2

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura. . . . . . . 414,060 416,941 415,649 417,907 16,945 21,218 16,303 19,342 4.1 5.1 3.9 4.6

Redding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,437 75,106 73,570 75,132 4,262 5,213 4,252 4,737 5.8 6.9 5.8 6.3

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario. . . . . . 2,173,149 2,183,499 2,180,803 2,183,095 96,687 120,776 95,033 111,791 4.4 5.5 4.4 5.1

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade. . . 1,126,408 1,146,228 1,131,108 1,148,050 48,866 60,388 48,474 55,933 4.3 5.3 4.3 4.9

Salinas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207,674 216,182 207,491 215,317 21,310 25,154 21,046 22,504 10.3 11.6 10.1 10.5

San Diego-Carlsbad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,597,748 1,603,332 1,607,140 1,603,118 58,700 76,529 56,872 70,802 3.7 4.8 3.5 4.4

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward. . . . . . . 2,532,360 2,515,405 2,541,287 2,516,966 85,774 112,633 84,448 105,255 3.4 4.5 3.3 4.2

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara. . . . . . . 1,077,064 1,067,338 1,079,637 1,070,193 34,439 47,902 34,552 44,619 3.2 4.5 3.2 4.2

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo

Grande. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,059 136,987 137,363 137,234 4,684 5,962 4,549 5,427 3.4 4.4 3.3 4.0

Santa Cruz-Watsonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,614 133,411 132,798 133,769 9,103 10,780 9,050 9,959 6.9 8.1 6.8 7.4

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara. . . . . . . . . . . . 212,988 217,065 215,721 218,936 10,199 12,638 9,842 11,084 4.8 5.8 4.6 5.1

Santa Rosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247,776 251,304 248,369 251,198 8,913 11,266 8,745 10,447 3.6 4.5 3.5 4.2

Stockton-Lodi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344,416 350,768 345,901 350,072 22,235 27,038 22,487 24,984 6.5 7.7 6.5 7.1

Vallejo-Fairfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202,711 205,391 202,595 205,345 9,606 11,767 9,511 10,919 4.7 5.7 4.7 5.3

Visalia-Porterville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211,911 217,544 210,607 213,682 22,735 27,463 23,192 25,537 10.7 12.6 11.0 12.0

Yuba City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,782 80,048 78,321 80,739 6,665 7,879 6,878 7,356 8.6 9.8 8.8 9.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,216,732 3,227,072 3,210,258 3,226,233 108,417 134,013 94,125 124,020 3.4 4.2 2.9 3.8

Boulder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202,727 204,444 201,962 204,985 5,841 7,470 5,142 7,104 2.9 3.7 2.5 3.5

Colorado Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375,243 380,141 374,272 380,239 13,335 16,266 11,568 15,092 3.6 4.3 3.1 4.0

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,735,715 1,730,232 1,731,991 1,728,534 57,513 72,144 50,177 66,772 3.3 4.2 2.9 3.9

Fort Collins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210,701 215,940 210,326 216,330 6,400 8,058 5,575 7,541 3.0 3.7 2.7 3.5

Grand Junction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,523 76,399 76,325 76,219 3,071 3,561 2,607 3,264 4.0 4.7 3.4 4.3

Greeley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169,866 172,234 170,102 172,373 6,075 7,480 5,246 6,992 3.6 4.3 3.1 4.1

Pueblo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,983 75,441 75,809 75,523 3,668 4,228 3,201 3,907 4.8 5.6 4.2 5.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,871,467 1,902,082 1,878,263 1,914,314 77,128 101,935 69,270 79,986 4.1 5.4 3.7 4.2

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk. . . . . . . . . . . 458,354 466,486 460,361 469,472 19,553 26,163 17,313 20,320 4.3 5.6 3.8 4.3

Danbury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,422 105,886 104,864 106,958 3,955 5,292 3,443 4,068 3.8 5.0 3.3 3.8

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford. . . . 612,745 621,417 615,260 625,057 24,805 32,560 22,181 25,678 4.0 5.2 3.6 4.1

New Haven. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330,581 336,747 330,519 338,872 12,537 16,703 11,177 13,153 3.8 5.0 3.4 3.9

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Connecticut - Continued

Norwich-New London-Westerly. . . . . . . . . 135,625 138,716 136,120 139,936 5,462 7,256 4,774 5,564 4.0 5.2 3.5 4.0

Waterbury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,535 110,477 109,447 111,165 5,638 7,521 5,510 6,168 5.2 6.8 5.0 5.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501,342 506,437 505,827 505,678 21,499 20,317 20,548 20,134 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0

Dover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,538 82,069 82,331 81,933 3,862 3,631 3,711 3,689 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.5

Salisbury1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,944 197,459 196,554 199,442 8,412 8,448 7,410 8,188 4.3 4.3 3.8 4.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394,275 407,070 394,589 413,736 19,845 21,725 19,500 20,779 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.0

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria. . . . . . . 3,453,996 3,485,308 3,478,623 3,514,072 95,379 104,247 89,929 96,713 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,856,781 11,078,830 10,919,745 11,088,234 293,635 348,034 289,053 364,069 2.7 3.1 2.6 3.3

Cape Coral-Fort Myers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375,495 383,055 379,226 381,998 11,619 12,754 11,247 13,049 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.4

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin. . . . 135,745 141,028 138,567 141,685 3,481 4,277 3,284 4,374 2.6 3.0 2.4 3.1

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond

Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,485 324,995 320,832 326,288 9,959 11,881 9,688 12,165 3.1 3.7 3.0 3.7

Gainesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,059 153,570 150,820 153,677 4,170 5,164 4,056 5,716 2.8 3.4 2.7 3.7

Homosassa Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,703 49,803 50,018 50,014 2,042 2,566 1,950 2,549 4.1 5.2 3.9 5.1

Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829,997 848,565 836,013 848,618 22,943 28,059 22,693 28,969 2.8 3.3 2.7 3.4

Lakeland-Winter Haven. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339,747 348,162 341,493 349,164 11,195 13,714 10,938 14,351 3.3 3.9 3.2 4.1

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm

Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,220,959 3,281,177 3,232,175 3,278,290 74,496 82,377 76,074 89,889 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.7

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island. . . . . . . . 192,959 196,722 193,887 197,401 5,039 5,911 4,795 6,046 2.6 3.0 2.5 3.1

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton. . . . . . . . . 391,767 400,191 393,773 401,637 10,968 13,611 10,655 13,682 2.8 3.4 2.7 3.4

Ocala. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,354 152,452 151,105 152,432 5,059 6,272 4,906 6,333 3.4 4.1 3.2 4.2

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford. . . . . . . . . . . 1,451,350 1,478,466 1,460,866 1,482,838 39,730 47,093 38,517 49,466 2.7 3.2 2.6 3.3

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville. . . . . . . . . 300,534 307,033 301,969 306,273 8,329 10,242 8,135 10,381 2.8 3.3 2.7 3.4

Panama City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,198 94,546 93,912 94,928 2,455 3,047 2,296 3,053 2.7 3.2 2.4 3.2

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent. . . . . . . . . . . 238,485 244,323 241,232 245,472 6,632 8,306 6,427 8,682 2.8 3.4 2.7 3.5

Port St. Lucie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234,720 238,966 236,589 239,595 7,163 8,762 6,924 8,886 3.1 3.7 2.9 3.7

Punta Gorda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,242 79,366 78,352 79,513 2,630 3,058 2,530 2,992 3.4 3.9 3.2 3.8

Sebastian-Vero Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,650 70,043 70,015 70,117 2,208 2,688 2,142 2,635 3.2 3.8 3.1 3.8

Sebring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,325 37,482 37,748 37,626 1,460 1,778 1,409 1,727 3.9 4.7 3.7 4.6

Tallahassee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,906 206,363 200,766 206,734 5,841 6,800 5,585 7,665 2.9 3.3 2.8 3.7

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater. . . . . . 1,664,687 1,701,490 1,675,016 1,701,839 45,799 56,765 44,818 58,375 2.8 3.3 2.7 3.4

The Villages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,270 39,426 38,662 39,383 1,546 2,009 1,482 1,840 4.0 5.1 3.8 4.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,289,125 5,368,054 5,312,395 5,402,933 178,114 164,238 172,520 172,557 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.2

Albany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,025 64,053 64,771 64,388 2,700 2,324 2,481 2,439 4.2 3.6 3.8 3.8

Athens-Clarke County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,935 104,331 100,324 104,799 3,205 3,066 3,126 3,257 3.2 2.9 3.1 3.1

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell. . . . . . . . . 3,227,430 3,267,501 3,241,236 3,292,796 105,209 98,199 102,004 102,970 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1

Augusta-Richmond County. . . . . . . . . . . . . 265,473 265,577 266,087 269,234 10,445 9,989 9,708 9,969 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.7

Brunswick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,370 55,058 53,894 55,668 1,737 1,604 1,685 1,702 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.1

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,044 121,974 121,249 122,875 4,778 4,510 4,626 4,599 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.7

Dalton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,993 60,093 59,175 60,310 2,424 2,142 2,429 2,297 4.1 3.6 4.1 3.8

Gainesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,317 114,094 109,956 114,608 2,843 2,659 2,742 2,832 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.5

Hinesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,988 35,025 34,977 35,256 1,225 1,085 1,191 1,143 3.5 3.1 3.4 3.2

Macon-Bibb County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,145 98,983 99,593 99,803 3,803 3,534 3,791 3,723 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.7

Rome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,865 48,589 47,546 49,003 1,558 1,389 1,437 1,482 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.0

Savannah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199,655 203,427 201,196 205,045 6,088 5,525 6,018 5,859 3.0 2.7 3.0 2.9

Valdosta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,848 62,585 62,529 62,734 2,344 2,104 2,207 2,206 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5

Warner Robins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,855 87,360 87,368 88,152 2,878 2,529 2,787 2,738 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677,364 676,057 680,209 669,984 19,922 20,398 18,920 18,830 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.8

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87,781 84,588 88,563 83,087 2,583 4,770 2,704 3,995 2.9 5.6 3.1 4.8

Urban Honolulu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458,558 459,183 459,289 456,664 13,261 11,997 12,224 11,364 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951,871 973,206 955,389 977,511 33,785 39,158 32,808 36,875 3.5 4.0 3.4 3.8

Boise City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420,402 428,725 423,048 431,623 13,445 16,011 13,081 15,102 3.2 3.7 3.1 3.5

Coeur d’Alene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,364 89,512 86,063 89,497 3,861 4,605 3,676 4,096 4.5 5.1 4.3 4.6

Idaho Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,171 82,938 81,735 83,494 2,551 2,925 2,516 2,753 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.3

Lewiston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,207 32,813 32,291 33,034 1,144 1,331 1,036 1,202 3.6 4.1 3.2 3.6

Pocatello. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,598 45,329 44,683 45,530 1,465 1,753 1,445 1,688 3.3 3.9 3.2 3.7

Twin Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,622 55,417 55,832 55,721 2,021 2,189 1,940 2,118 3.6 4.0 3.5 3.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,383,366 6,436,746 6,403,723 6,509,891 297,097 340,784 278,547 322,967 4.7 5.3 4.3 5.0

Bloomington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,320 98,265 97,188 98,906 3,847 4,237 3,460 4,118 4.0 4.3 3.6 4.2

Carbondale-Marion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,534 58,473 58,361 58,895 2,608 2,858 2,465 2,710 4.5 4.9 4.2 4.6

Champaign-Urbana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,118 130,093 126,577 130,616 5,146 5,766 4,775 5,555 4.1 4.4 3.8 4.3

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,899,218 4,926,446 4,908,012 4,990,055 222,912 259,639 208,767 246,387 4.5 5.3 4.3 4.9

Danville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,359 31,869 31,623 31,962 1,897 1,948 1,804 1,808 6.0 6.1 5.7 5.7

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island1. . . . . . . . . 184,954 182,378 185,602 182,232 8,621 8,840 7,927 8,337 4.7 4.8 4.3 4.6

Decatur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,144 44,003 45,847 44,298 2,660 2,809 2,917 2,755 5.9 6.4 6.4 6.2

Kankakee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,048 51,826 51,347 51,996 3,370 3,538 3,182 3,329 6.6 6.8 6.2 6.4

Peoria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166,353 168,478 167,672 169,299 9,100 9,695 8,542 9,203 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.4

Rockford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,544 155,139 155,901 155,921 9,823 10,611 11,151 10,377 6.4 6.8 7.2 6.7

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102,946 100,721 104,215 101,255 4,656 4,824 4,270 4,599 4.5 4.8 4.1 4.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,379,540 3,351,647 3,401,279 3,366,199 128,011 139,898 123,300 137,491 3.8 4.2 3.6 4.1

Bloomington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,901 80,438 82,590 80,057 2,978 3,562 2,780 3,536 3.6 4.4 3.4 4.4

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,918 43,321 44,260 43,332 1,376 1,613 1,373 1,556 3.1 3.7 3.1 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Indiana - Continued

Elkhart-Goshen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,605 106,338 113,748 106,633 4,728 4,665 4,479 4,733 4.2 4.4 3.9 4.4

Evansville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,964 154,794 158,149 155,666 5,631 6,148 5,312 6,048 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.9

Fort Wayne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,156 218,712 221,688 219,560 7,569 8,434 7,342 8,185 3.4 3.9 3.3 3.7

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson. . . . . . . . . . 1,107,518 1,113,037 1,117,618 1,121,246 37,358 41,597 36,236 41,133 3.4 3.7 3.2 3.7

Kokomo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,683 33,186 33,834 33,185 1,877 1,907 1,785 1,827 5.6 5.7 5.3 5.5

Lafayette-West Lafayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,707 113,542 115,511 114,011 3,802 4,381 3,534 4,407 3.3 3.9 3.1 3.9

Michigan City-La Porte. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,286 46,918 47,527 47,036 2,346 2,458 2,245 2,355 5.0 5.2 4.7 5.0

Muncie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,693 52,016 52,145 52,320 2,213 2,643 2,099 2,543 4.3 5.1 4.0 4.9

South Bend-Mishawaka. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,034 154,509 156,961 155,736 6,948 7,292 6,594 7,254 4.5 4.7 4.2 4.7

Terre Haute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,389 70,616 71,851 70,737 3,232 3,462 3,035 3,341 4.5 4.9 4.2 4.7

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,717,095 1,691,441 1,716,320 1,687,305 56,285 56,168 53,645 49,382 3.3 3.3 3.1 2.9

Ames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,705 60,180 60,398 59,955 1,181 1,172 1,263 1,186 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0

Cedar Rapids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,808 142,387 142,991 140,209 5,245 6,054 4,985 4,640 3.6 4.3 3.5 3.3

Des Moines-West Des Moines. . . . . . . . . 379,926 375,457 377,926 373,145 11,516 11,525 11,168 10,555 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.8

Dubuque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,719 55,847 56,190 55,016 1,979 1,920 1,804 1,598 3.5 3.4 3.2 2.9

Iowa City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,542 99,121 98,106 98,547 2,402 2,380 2,309 2,126 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.2

Sioux City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,940 91,976 93,972 91,917 2,707 2,845 2,491 2,536 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.8

Waterloo-Cedar Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,026 86,265 87,699 85,684 2,907 2,766 2,871 2,661 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,512,850 1,504,670 1,513,219 1,506,564 46,955 48,102 43,167 45,394 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.0

Lawrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,598 67,885 67,328 67,942 2,007 2,064 1,890 1,938 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9

Manhattan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,685 48,686 48,619 48,584 1,371 1,448 1,286 1,304 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.7

Topeka. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,310 122,444 122,519 123,284 4,062 3,872 3,593 3,586 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.9

Wichita. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323,024 322,314 324,441 324,475 10,605 11,135 9,975 10,613 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,024,912 2,023,709 2,031,350 2,046,924 95,533 104,088 86,391 103,501 4.7 5.1 4.3 5.1

Bowling Green. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,717 86,310 85,052 87,220 3,794 4,309 3,577 4,323 4.5 5.0 4.2 5.0

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,506 65,021 64,864 65,671 3,194 3,378 2,810 3,367 5.0 5.2 4.3 5.1

Lexington-Fayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272,408 274,115 272,470 277,127 9,868 11,515 9,180 11,623 3.6 4.2 3.4 4.2

Louisville/Jefferson County. . . . . . . . . . . . . 660,927 651,978 666,522 660,681 28,403 29,063 25,696 28,689 4.3 4.5 3.9 4.3

Owensboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,249 51,973 52,124 52,427 2,656 2,738 2,291 2,713 5.1 5.3 4.4 5.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,065,795 2,061,142 2,081,335 2,085,984 72,144 90,725 68,179 93,195 3.5 4.4 3.3 4.5

Alexandria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,103 62,591 62,695 63,218 2,054 2,700 1,914 2,716 3.3 4.3 3.1 4.3

Baton Rouge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425,524 428,191 429,590 435,271 13,114 16,421 12,401 16,933 3.1 3.8 2.9 3.9

Hammond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,786 57,130 57,439 57,682 2,316 2,841 2,189 2,970 4.1 5.0 3.8 5.1

Houma-Thibodaux. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,970 86,465 85,892 87,084 2,740 3,481 2,499 3,512 3.2 4.0 2.9 4.0

Lafayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211,703 212,417 213,257 214,850 7,062 9,032 6,619 9,354 3.3 4.3 3.1 4.4

Lake Charles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,792 94,039 95,086 95,048 3,129 3,820 2,910 3,899 3.3 4.1 3.1 4.1

Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,416 77,603 79,395 78,156 2,835 3,636 2,737 3,745 3.6 4.7 3.4 4.8

New Orleans-Metairie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585,330 578,627 587,920 584,938 20,713 25,945 19,790 26,602 3.5 4.5 3.4 4.5

Shreveport-Bossier City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184,520 181,959 184,866 183,912 6,635 8,380 6,227 8,631 3.6 4.6 3.4 4.7

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675,368 687,773 676,770 688,269 21,635 26,605 20,538 21,999 3.2 3.9 3.0 3.2

Bangor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,759 69,926 68,140 69,851 1,966 2,555 1,888 2,136 2.9 3.7 2.8 3.1

Lewiston-Auburn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,573 54,545 54,015 54,537 1,723 2,001 1,656 1,682 3.2 3.7 3.1 3.1

Portland-South Portland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206,107 210,033 207,329 209,960 4,951 6,387 5,026 5,511 2.4 3.0 2.4 2.6

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,156,933 3,175,706 3,180,143 3,218,845 79,592 92,141 66,613 93,377 2.5 2.9 2.1 2.9

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson. . . . . . . . . . . 1,473,961 1,481,887 1,484,233 1,500,072 36,789 42,685 30,910 43,348 2.5 2.9 2.1 2.9

California-Lexington Park. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,001 58,784 58,515 59,529 1,359 1,545 1,104 1,575 2.3 2.6 1.9 2.6

Cumberland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,699 43,390 43,005 43,737 1,544 1,860 1,413 1,820 3.6 4.3 3.3 4.2

Hagerstown-Martinsburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,657 129,716 131,339 130,411 3,942 4,768 3,614 4,624 3.0 3.7 2.8 3.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,747,534 3,752,400 3,749,321 3,816,195 151,941 137,903 138,018 134,871 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.5

Barnstable Town. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,306 120,250 118,173 123,156 7,547 6,369 6,457 5,958 6.4 5.3 5.5 4.8

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,798,053 2,800,937 2,800,431 2,845,267 98,102 93,982 90,346 92,597 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3

Leominster-Gardner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,679 79,014 78,546 80,295 3,906 3,417 3,561 3,253 5.0 4.3 4.5 4.1

New Bedford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,724 84,606 84,367 85,570 5,385 4,579 4,743 4,317 6.4 5.4 5.6 5.0

Pittsfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,335 40,684 40,294 41,323 2,073 1,668 1,867 1,647 5.1 4.1 4.6 4.0

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364,777 365,347 364,335 371,311 16,726 15,583 14,768 14,703 4.6 4.3 4.1 4.0

Worcester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356,672 358,784 356,384 364,129 15,183 13,981 13,786 13,135 4.3 3.9 3.9 3.6

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,915,208 5,001,524 4,948,991 5,056,057 214,923 211,865 197,727 199,554 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.9

Ann Arbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197,797 202,406 198,243 204,984 6,739 6,161 6,542 6,263 3.4 3.0 3.3 3.1

Battle Creek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,274 61,781 61,553 62,312 2,973 2,796 2,808 2,719 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.4

Bay City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,321 50,208 49,406 50,643 3,124 2,734 2,868 2,576 6.3 5.4 5.8 5.1

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,362 2,176,112 2,152,753 2,201,186 78,325 86,867 69,516 79,757 3.7 4.0 3.2 3.6

Flint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181,652 184,054 182,065 185,652 10,524 9,665 9,964 9,194 5.8 5.3 5.5 5.0

Grand Rapids-Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598,917 605,736 602,487 612,434 20,954 19,508 19,943 19,228 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.1

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,464 75,243 74,833 76,073 3,500 3,172 3,208 2,976 4.7 4.2 4.3 3.9

Kalamazoo-Portage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169,460 170,657 170,492 172,545 7,464 6,843 7,007 6,521 4.4 4.0 4.1 3.8

Lansing-East Lansing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251,804 258,946 252,479 261,386 10,276 9,945 9,744 9,238 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.5

Midland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,455 40,853 40,725 41,416 1,970 1,745 1,888 1,711 4.9 4.3 4.6 4.1

Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,995 78,421 76,242 79,098 3,728 3,371 3,380 3,124 4.9 4.3 4.4 3.9

Muskegon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,188 79,506 77,479 80,256 3,896 3,581 3,664 3,507 5.0 4.5 4.7 4.4

Niles-Benton Harbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,424 74,580 72,866 75,426 3,613 3,374 3,309 3,155 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.2

Saginaw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,244 84,337 83,562 85,242 5,319 4,609 4,984 4,455 6.4 5.5 6.0 5.2

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,086,692 3,095,534 3,095,726 3,103,046 106,305 111,981 101,925 97,933 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.2

Duluth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,261 141,151 142,410 141,437 6,176 6,142 5,908 5,674 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.0

Mankato-North Mankato. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,341 62,175 62,527 62,520 1,746 1,919 1,676 1,618 2.8 3.1 2.7 2.6

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington. . . . . . 2,010,479 2,023,024 2,018,165 2,023,177 62,651 67,956 60,638 59,814 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.0

Rochester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,707 129,800 127,610 130,308 3,784 3,929 3,640 3,219 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.5

St. Cloud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,299 112,522 112,782 113,211 4,345 4,302 4,048 3,772 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,230,744 1,225,922 1,233,926 1,228,978 40,563 33,752 38,085 31,872 3.3 2.8 3.1 2.6

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula. . . . . . . . . . . . . 162,906 163,544 163,884 165,281 5,315 4,446 4,941 4,146 3.3 2.7 3.0 2.5

Hattiesburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,657 68,625 68,690 68,660 2,021 1,638 1,873 1,562 2.9 2.4 2.7 2.3

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259,091 260,337 259,685 260,806 7,540 6,232 7,005 5,949 2.9 2.4 2.7 2.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,053,467 3,096,700 3,072,386 3,115,026 99,331 122,673 98,099 116,104 3.3 4.0 3.2 3.7

Cape Girardeau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,449 47,964 47,793 48,281 1,330 1,647 1,422 1,710 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.5

Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,817 101,471 101,548 102,396 2,433 2,882 2,587 3,013 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.9

Jefferson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,757 76,370 75,085 76,965 2,003 2,437 2,017 2,423 2.7 3.2 2.7 3.1

Joplin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,113 84,780 84,637 84,957 2,432 3,170 2,598 3,238 2.9 3.7 3.1 3.8

Kansas City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,149,380 1,157,198 1,157,626 1,165,376 37,031 41,521 35,347 40,739 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.5

St. Joseph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,567 60,016 59,773 60,489 1,847 2,116 1,831 2,065 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.4

St. Louis2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,450,984 1,475,904 1,461,055 1,487,402 47,422 58,500 47,086 55,820 3.3 4.0 3.2 3.8

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243,227 247,590 245,545 248,806 6,403 8,116 6,773 8,165 2.6 3.3 2.8 3.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568,135 575,752 571,890 576,636 17,961 22,183 17,837 18,756 3.2 3.9 3.1 3.3

Billings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,315 94,686 93,998 94,417 2,473 3,242 2,496 2,657 2.7 3.4 2.7 2.8

Great Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,269 39,698 39,467 39,520 1,180 1,538 1,169 1,212 3.0 3.9 3.0 3.1

Missoula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,732 69,083 69,022 68,924 2,132 2,770 2,104 2,281 3.1 4.0 3.0 3.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048,878 1,050,363 1,053,494 1,055,263 24,610 30,525 23,434 27,209 2.3 2.9 2.2 2.6

Grand Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,905 46,212 46,059 46,519 1,091 1,373 1,031 1,176 2.4 3.0 2.2 2.5

Lincoln. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189,808 191,867 192,002 193,376 4,065 4,985 3,906 4,478 2.1 2.6 2.0 2.3

Omaha-Council Bluffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499,597 505,017 504,163 507,792 13,183 16,285 12,457 14,425 2.6 3.2 2.5 2.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,596,803 1,617,573 1,596,771 1,615,353 84,205 81,330 80,755 79,781 5.3 5.0 5.1 4.9

Carson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,935 26,037 25,983 26,022 1,263 1,256 1,246 1,243 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise. . . . . . . . 1,180,638 1,201,629 1,181,462 1,198,439 65,641 62,641 62,708 61,180 5.6 5.2 5.3 5.1

Reno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264,752 266,806 264,224 267,424 11,174 11,321 11,042 11,320 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757,589 762,796 755,557 770,742 17,050 22,382 15,546 21,719 2.3 2.9 2.1 2.8

Dover-Durham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,096 84,996 83,802 85,564 1,708 2,268 1,571 2,187 2.0 2.7 1.9 2.6

Manchester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,311 122,278 120,353 123,075 2,499 3,440 2,299 3,369 2.1 2.8 1.9 2.7

Portsmouth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,425 78,494 76,418 78,894 1,623 2,168 1,523 2,006 2.1 2.8 2.0 2.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,820,462 4,807,251 4,835,499 4,843,053 217,393 244,178 204,661 230,940 4.5 5.1 4.2 4.8

Atlantic City-Hammonton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,213 123,403 122,895 124,127 8,002 8,944 7,204 8,141 6.5 7.2 5.9 6.6

Ocean City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,012 47,063 41,818 46,806 5,415 5,525 4,655 4,834 12.9 11.7 11.1 10.3

Trenton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219,916 218,744 219,995 220,126 8,278 9,350 7,938 9,034 3.8 4.3 3.6 4.1

Vineland-Bridgeton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,050 69,753 69,709 69,215 4,940 5,472 4,467 4,932 7.1 7.8 6.4 7.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 959,722 966,683 958,119 962,866 36,062 36,270 31,738 30,857 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.2

Albuquerque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449,457 451,069 448,377 450,550 15,296 15,597 13,388 13,101 3.4 3.5 3.0 2.9

Farmington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,634 49,859 50,730 49,985 2,223 2,152 1,949 1,832 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.7

Las Cruces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,664 103,070 101,418 102,558 4,549 4,716 4,238 4,343 4.5 4.6 4.2 4.2

Santa Fe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,176 73,268 71,872 71,858 2,368 2,331 2,050 1,930 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,652,627 9,712,110 9,693,725 9,717,727 441,555 438,041 401,894 408,783 4.6 4.5 4.1 4.2

Albany-Schenectady-Troy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453,527 456,667 455,285 454,864 16,092 18,061 14,294 16,989 3.5 4.0 3.1 3.7

Binghamton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,126 105,581 104,744 105,330 4,570 5,033 4,038 4,666 4.4 4.8 3.9 4.4

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls. . . . . 540,036 547,437 543,023 545,992 23,094 26,281 20,778 24,810 4.3 4.8 3.8 4.5

Elmira. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,935 34,447 34,136 34,309 1,542 1,587 1,348 1,481 4.5 4.6 3.9 4.3

Glens Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,702 58,060 57,878 57,738 2,537 2,923 2,298 2,689 4.4 5.0 4.0 4.7

Ithaca. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,166 49,153 50,412 49,011 1,541 1,679 1,314 1,585 3.1 3.4 2.6 3.2

Kingston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,939 88,284 87,623 88,122 3,214 3,752 2,869 3,437 3.7 4.2 3.3 3.9

New York-Newark-Jersey City. . . . . . . . . . 10,336,239 10,348,809 10,379,025 10,399,205 477,750 479,610 442,939 451,204 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3

Rochester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519,820 526,052 522,091 523,761 20,217 23,138 18,143 21,697 3.9 4.4 3.5 4.1

Syracuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,450 308,837 306,262 307,570 12,427 13,768 11,099 12,770 4.1 4.5 3.6 4.2

Utica-Rome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,201 127,607 127,282 127,020 5,517 6,047 4,880 5,810 4.3 4.7 3.8 4.6

Watertown-Fort Drum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,003 44,089 43,274 43,858 2,307 2,672 2,071 2,467 5.4 6.1 4.8 5.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,191,260 5,243,488 5,228,240 5,290,158 193,681 194,170 180,733 195,758 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.7

Asheville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239,425 239,538 241,267 241,495 7,430 7,406 6,724 7,302 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.0

Burlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,222 86,289 86,001 87,166 3,018 3,024 2,931 3,185 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.7

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,441,902 1,456,491 1,453,053 1,468,037 51,253 52,846 47,993 52,504 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.6

Durham-Chapel Hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319,837 324,725 321,503 327,051 10,123 10,240 9,584 10,773 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.3

Fayetteville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,417 150,706 150,131 152,005 7,603 7,379 7,131 7,366 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.8

Goldsboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,702 51,956 52,082 52,796 2,026 1,959 1,902 2,036 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.9

Greensboro-High Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363,531 366,035 365,273 367,654 15,060 15,022 14,024 15,294 4.1 4.1 3.8 4.2

Greenville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,036 90,027 89,466 90,775 3,605 3,592 3,469 3,755 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.1

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton. . . . . . . . . . . . . 174,528 173,481 175,707 174,836 6,025 6,202 5,598 6,303 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.6

Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,877 70,148 69,697 70,974 2,973 2,996 2,727 3,042 4.3 4.3 3.9 4.3

New Bern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,506 52,865 52,766 53,247 1,996 1,886 1,813 1,874 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5

Raleigh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783,544 800,738 789,367 807,924 25,057 26,407 23,805 27,023 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.3

Rocky Mount. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,299 62,330 62,579 62,883 3,387 3,178 3,169 3,127 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.0

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

North Carolina - Continued

Wilmington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162,192 165,287 163,675 166,432 5,545 5,510 5,180 5,446 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.3

Winston-Salem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329,648 328,956 331,416 331,638 11,971 11,764 11,229 12,181 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413,037 413,942 415,072 416,559 10,420 10,845 10,284 10,817 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6

Bismarck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,941 70,420 71,011 70,581 1,855 1,893 1,795 1,844 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6

Fargo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148,730 149,815 149,142 150,591 3,487 3,847 3,446 3,677 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.4

Grand Forks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,041 54,790 54,212 55,117 1,453 1,455 1,378 1,442 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,746,298 5,768,312 5,770,391 5,806,658 243,641 253,331 224,358 258,716 4.2 4.4 3.9 4.5

Akron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354,148 355,209 355,074 358,282 15,370 15,995 14,302 16,659 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.6

Canton-Massillon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,548 194,392 192,964 195,450 8,646 9,215 7,968 9,343 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.8

Cincinnati. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,133,715 1,137,126 1,144,716 1,149,719 41,694 46,153 39,228 48,266 3.7 4.1 3.4 4.2

Cleveland-Elyria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023,033 1,003,713 1,025,870 1,010,019 48,967 45,934 42,680 44,070 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.4

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,119,367 1,130,953 1,123,272 1,139,210 39,325 42,932 37,112 45,711 3.5 3.8 3.3 4.0

Dayton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380,406 384,295 383,581 386,707 15,338 16,503 14,424 17,182 4.0 4.3 3.8 4.4

Lima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,841 46,739 47,020 46,897 1,995 2,030 1,825 2,106 4.3 4.3 3.9 4.5

Mansfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,750 51,149 50,597 51,394 2,589 2,703 2,422 2,774 5.1 5.3 4.8 5.4

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,660 64,144 62,965 63,559 2,541 3,562 2,365 2,797 4.1 5.6 3.8 4.4

Toledo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296,424 299,234 297,694 300,800 13,137 14,115 12,335 14,350 4.4 4.7 4.1 4.8

Weirton-Steubenville1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,928 49,062 49,055 49,250 2,871 3,086 2,684 3,021 5.9 6.3 5.5 6.1

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman. . . . . . . . 228,070 230,658 229,363 231,930 11,627 11,920 10,720 12,117 5.1 5.2 4.7 5.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,936,290 1,996,125 1,951,367 1,995,562 63,919 78,783 58,640 63,196 3.3 3.9 3.0 3.2

Enid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,422 26,741 26,439 26,806 855 1,140 759 912 3.2 4.3 2.9 3.4

Lawton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,763 51,944 51,192 51,812 1,922 2,278 1,781 1,872 3.8 4.4 3.5 3.6

Oklahoma City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739,021 768,194 744,961 769,454 22,801 27,875 20,930 22,764 3.1 3.6 2.8 3.0

Tulsa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500,113 518,800 505,126 518,756 16,569 21,028 15,331 16,503 3.3 4.1 3.0 3.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,160,157 2,189,294 2,157,826 2,194,753 88,272 104,642 80,299 97,177 4.1 4.8 3.7 4.4

Albany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,736 61,872 60,533 61,982 2,695 3,272 2,456 3,088 4.4 5.3 4.1 5.0

Bend-Redmond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102,789 107,194 102,806 107,521 4,488 5,267 3,989 4,886 4.4 4.9 3.9 4.5

Corvallis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,552 51,302 49,483 51,492 1,569 1,922 1,339 1,732 3.2 3.7 2.7 3.4

Eugene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183,191 186,067 182,723 186,150 7,985 9,168 7,244 8,403 4.4 4.9 4.0 4.5

Grants Pass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,822 36,205 35,672 36,267 2,095 2,283 1,894 2,122 5.8 6.3 5.3 5.9

Medford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,938 107,044 104,391 107,128 5,217 5,983 4,792 5,660 5.0 5.6 4.6 5.3

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro. . . . . . . . . . 1,366,991 1,360,735 1,364,189 1,364,057 52,734 64,465 47,907 59,640 3.9 4.7 3.5 4.4

Salem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210,941 216,623 210,886 217,426 8,767 10,391 7,871 9,548 4.2 4.8 3.7 4.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,472,469 6,573,585 6,481,725 6,613,371 265,720 242,147 225,666 225,073 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.4

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton. . . . . . . . . . . 455,938 464,061 456,676 466,272 18,953 18,598 16,638 16,813 4.2 4.0 3.6 3.6

Altoona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,051 59,409 58,159 59,653 2,446 2,065 2,040 1,899 4.2 3.5 3.5 3.2

Bloomsburg-Berwick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,785 44,480 43,790 44,695 1,893 1,704 1,618 1,588 4.3 3.8 3.7 3.6

Chambersburg-Waynesboro. . . . . . . . . . . 76,889 76,264 76,489 76,651 2,632 2,373 2,254 2,262 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.0

East Stroudsburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,068 82,999 82,106 83,183 4,537 3,848 4,011 3,383 5.5 4.6 4.9 4.1

Erie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,703 128,181 125,714 128,674 6,170 5,360 5,281 4,871 4.9 4.2 4.2 3.8

Gettysburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,751 54,855 54,258 54,983 1,648 1,559 1,332 1,468 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.7

Harrisburg-Carlisle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305,498 311,750 305,846 312,866 10,424 9,628 8,688 9,415 3.4 3.1 2.8 3.0

Johnstown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,499 56,027 55,307 56,341 2,900 2,451 2,451 2,302 5.2 4.4 4.4 4.1

Lancaster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285,397 288,956 286,722 291,468 8,861 8,104 7,188 7,716 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.6

Lebanon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,265 75,499 73,374 75,829 2,369 2,230 1,969 2,099 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.8

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington. . . . . . . 3,240,579 3,286,099 3,254,112 3,304,787 127,809 127,713 113,385 120,694 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.7

Pittsburgh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,173,280 1,187,663 1,174,805 1,198,034 51,232 43,774 42,903 40,906 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.4

Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212,939 215,698 213,067 216,231 8,580 8,276 7,302 7,631 4.0 3.8 3.4 3.5

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton. . . . . . . 275,940 284,181 276,451 285,232 13,916 12,848 12,284 11,376 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.0

State College. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,612 82,659 80,472 83,389 2,551 2,166 2,122 2,311 3.2 2.6 2.6 2.8

Williamsport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,416 56,180 55,295 56,522 2,551 2,286 2,218 2,096 4.6 4.1 4.0 3.7

York-Hanover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238,334 242,704 238,291 243,429 8,122 7,716 6,779 7,255 3.4 3.2 2.8 3.0

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570,610 584,047 570,621 589,117 20,937 31,554 17,641 25,020 3.7 5.4 3.1 4.2

Providence-Warwick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705,893 718,640 705,917 725,996 28,433 37,574 24,394 31,019 4.0 5.2 3.5 4.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,430,775 2,472,651 2,446,512 2,504,964 85,188 90,182 74,584 83,963 3.5 3.6 3.0 3.4

Charleston-North Charleston. . . . . . . . . . . 418,537 431,585 420,909 436,106 12,789 13,373 10,961 12,251 3.1 3.1 2.6 2.8

Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,955 419,200 413,186 424,675 13,448 14,364 11,883 13,477 3.3 3.4 2.9 3.2

Florence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,428 99,033 98,576 100,715 3,433 3,666 3,054 3,492 3.5 3.7 3.1 3.5

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin. . . . . . . . . . . 452,329 455,222 453,651 460,357 14,537 15,538 12,522 14,236 3.2 3.4 2.8 3.1

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort. . . . 91,207 94,760 91,981 96,040 3,212 3,432 2,537 3,033 3.5 3.6 2.8 3.2

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle

Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209,962 217,805 214,326 222,407 9,832 10,073 8,452 9,194 4.7 4.6 3.9 4.1

Spartanburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,932 171,664 170,058 173,642 5,764 6,097 5,029 5,729 3.4 3.6 3.0 3.3

Sumter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,272 41,545 41,203 42,231 1,858 1,860 1,677 1,738 4.5 4.5 4.1 4.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473,329 476,832 476,015 479,297 11,313 12,820 9,225 9,480 2.4 2.7 1.9 2.0

Rapid City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,246 77,352 76,721 77,738 1,787 2,018 1,399 1,483 2.3 2.6 1.8 1.9

Sioux Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161,751 163,250 163,689 163,263 3,599 4,072 3,029 3,074 2.2 2.5 1.9 1.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,360,148 3,394,505 3,370,815 3,429,009 116,990 95,325 108,797 101,621 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.0

Chattanooga. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280,524 283,755 281,956 287,848 9,006 7,640 8,525 8,355 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.9

Clarksville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,833 121,107 119,962 122,478 5,062 4,608 4,711 4,830 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.9

Cleveland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,873 57,708 57,249 58,330 2,134 1,666 2,086 1,993 3.8 2.9 3.6 3.4

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,668 64,542 64,021 64,955 2,253 1,811 2,116 1,952 3.5 2.8 3.3 3.0

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Tennessee - Continued

Johnson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,056 93,453 93,422 94,398 3,372 2,648 3,144 2,773 3.6 2.8 3.4 2.9

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,453 136,451 135,772 137,618 4,863 4,204 4,575 4,071 3.6 3.1 3.4 3.0

Knoxville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442,981 446,352 444,666 451,048 13,950 11,481 12,913 12,094 3.1 2.6 2.9 2.7

Memphis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623,987 617,640 626,633 622,784 25,830 21,379 24,834 22,999 4.1 3.5 4.0 3.7

Morristown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,647 53,416 53,268 53,512 2,201 1,734 1,863 1,589 4.1 3.2 3.5 3.0

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--

Franklin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,133,411 1,152,113 1,138,857 1,165,499 30,994 25,840 29,398 28,118 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,011,661 15,295,403 15,058,520 15,276,869 654,309 665,729 604,785 622,898 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.1

Abilene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,685 83,470 82,677 83,438 3,313 3,243 2,864 2,924 4.0 3.9 3.5 3.5

Amarillo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,224 139,101 137,304 138,750 4,729 4,780 4,102 4,334 3.4 3.4 3.0 3.1

Austin-Round Rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,442,029 1,479,871 1,449,782 1,478,938 51,076 54,859 48,138 51,652 3.5 3.7 3.3 3.5

Beaumont-Port Arthur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,923 171,363 169,416 171,200 10,733 10,029 10,223 9,727 6.4 5.9 6.0 5.7

Brownsville-Harlingen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181,158 183,970 182,318 184,096 11,104 10,648 10,341 9,902 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.4

College Station-Bryan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,635 155,654 151,601 155,369 5,499 5,475 4,634 4,836 3.6 3.5 3.1 3.1

Corpus Christi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205,927 210,715 207,815 210,463 10,188 9,705 9,372 9,180 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.4

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . . . 4,348,378 4,428,667 4,359,350 4,422,970 174,620 183,889 163,640 174,039 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.9

El Paso. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379,417 387,312 378,015 385,681 18,618 18,657 16,852 17,222 4.9 4.8 4.5 4.5

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land. . . 3,608,112 3,685,179 3,619,552 3,682,507 165,699 168,649 153,942 158,287 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3

Killeen-Temple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184,985 188,548 185,411 187,954 9,679 9,179 8,778 8,463 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.5

Laredo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,681 123,179 120,454 123,133 5,616 5,855 5,011 5,339 4.7 4.8 4.2 4.3

Longview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,301 100,067 99,923 99,836 4,604 4,935 4,106 4,428 4.6 4.9 4.1 4.4

Lubbock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170,952 173,763 171,531 173,578 6,487 6,453 6,171 6,227 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission. . . . . . . . . . . . . 380,365 383,406 381,575 382,219 25,244 23,757 23,693 22,937 6.6 6.2 6.2 6.0

Midland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,110 116,326 114,408 116,336 3,304 3,334 2,888 3,014 2.9 2.9 2.5 2.6

Odessa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,193 87,194 86,166 87,269 3,291 3,289 2,930 2,947 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.4

San Angelo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,496 58,219 57,466 58,098 2,250 2,273 1,966 2,041 3.9 3.9 3.4 3.5

San Antonio-New Braunfels. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,278,597 1,307,538 1,281,631 1,304,897 53,043 53,646 48,069 49,190 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.8

Sherman-Denison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,766 70,748 69,071 70,522 2,895 2,875 2,623 2,646 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.8

Texarkana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,172 62,422 62,346 62,302 2,777 2,762 2,494 2,590 4.5 4.4 4.0 4.2

Tyler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,145 116,406 115,174 115,954 4,733 4,879 4,197 4,420 4.1 4.2 3.6 3.8

Victoria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,641 44,764 44,774 44,677 2,040 1,992 1,836 1,813 4.6 4.5 4.1 4.1

Waco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,102 139,634 136,464 139,276 5,973 5,681 5,338 5,108 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.7

Wichita Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,635 65,286 65,288 65,222 2,819 2,895 2,653 2,712 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.2

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,774,242 1,804,640 1,780,212 1,802,427 49,920 59,511 47,045 49,699 2.8 3.3 2.6 2.8

Logan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,882 79,803 79,036 79,811 1,983 2,186 1,874 1,828 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.3

Ogden-Clearfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359,012 366,437 360,052 367,029 9,696 11,682 9,280 9,808 2.7 3.2 2.6 2.7

Provo-Orem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358,779 363,960 359,876 363,498 9,343 11,532 9,011 9,814 2.6 3.2 2.5 2.7

St. George. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,595 92,710 90,858 92,669 2,762 3,101 2,446 2,470 3.0 3.3 2.7 2.7

Salt Lake City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723,862 734,437 726,650 732,028 20,552 24,601 19,586 20,897 2.8 3.3 2.7 2.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347,707 355,251 349,584 358,013 8,299 9,211 7,287 7,435 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.1

Burlington-South Burlington. . . . . . . . . . . . 128,629 131,416 128,979 132,190 2,316 2,555 2,020 2,061 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.6

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,519,896 4,567,444 4,559,490 4,579,378 131,451 133,063 128,914 111,266 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.4

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford. . . . . 97,798 100,798 98,576 101,260 2,678 2,816 2,690 2,430 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.4

Charlottesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,832 128,945 126,662 129,265 3,305 3,357 3,266 2,717 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.1

Harrisonburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,778 70,724 70,127 70,989 1,897 2,035 1,930 1,753 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5

Lynchburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,324 124,665 124,602 124,549 4,247 4,261 4,179 3,594 3.4 3.4 3.4 2.9

Richmond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715,962 722,997 720,581 726,022 21,945 22,343 21,443 18,945 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.6

Roanoke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161,002 164,135 162,775 164,841 4,741 4,781 4,574 3,939 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.4

Staunton-Waynesboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,254 63,364 64,085 63,426 1,613 1,711 1,620 1,328 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.1

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News. . . 870,212 881,950 878,477 884,854 27,646 27,059 26,918 22,864 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.6

Winchester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,915 80,075 79,749 80,200 2,115 2,164 2,066 1,874 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,023,491 4,023,883 4,025,445 4,003,685 181,167 225,903 165,079 204,870 4.5 5.6 4.1 5.1

Bellingham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,598 114,672 115,689 114,951 6,068 7,274 5,027 6,211 5.2 6.3 4.3 5.4

Bremerton-Silverdale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,023 129,363 128,926 129,151 6,418 7,658 5,432 6,725 4.9 5.9 4.2 5.2

Kennewick-Richland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,005 149,200 148,980 151,276 9,467 10,513 7,865 9,150 6.4 7.0 5.3 6.0

Longview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,974 48,159 48,616 48,977 3,026 3,433 2,585 3,027 6.2 7.1 5.3 6.2

Mount Vernon-Anacortes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,914 61,554 60,993 61,164 3,476 4,142 2,877 3,584 5.7 6.7 4.7 5.9

Olympia-Tumwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150,586 151,598 150,032 151,727 7,600 9,020 6,456 7,978 5.0 5.9 4.3 5.3

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,256,879 2,266,040 2,266,267 2,249,521 76,830 105,471 78,549 100,708 3.4 4.7 3.5 4.5

Spokane-Spokane Valley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,013 292,138 288,380 291,342 16,660 19,463 13,744 16,634 5.7 6.7 4.8 5.7

Walla Walla. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,869 31,541 31,837 30,820 1,716 2,022 1,341 1,664 5.4 6.4 4.2 5.4

Wenatchee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,162 65,400 64,378 64,715 3,957 4,500 3,174 3,755 6.2 6.9 4.9 5.8

Yakima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,251 128,374 127,089 118,729 10,161 11,275 8,227 9,618 8.0 8.8 6.5 8.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776,427 783,905 775,375 784,749 32,133 39,073 30,897 38,274 4.1 5.0 4.0 4.9

Beckley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,749 45,660 45,101 45,741 1,899 2,239 1,894 2,267 4.2 4.9 4.2 5.0

Charleston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,939 91,771 90,928 92,055 3,480 4,311 3,393 4,297 3.8 4.7 3.7 4.7

Huntington-Ashland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,861 145,064 143,323 145,942 6,600 7,644 6,234 7,537 4.6 5.3 4.3 5.2

Morgantown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,609 70,562 70,399 70,608 2,339 2,683 2,277 2,828 3.3 3.8 3.2 4.0

Parkersburg-Vienna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,993 38,746 37,915 38,788 1,890 2,243 1,706 2,062 5.0 5.8 4.5 5.3

Wheeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,233 61,125 60,553 61,446 3,302 3,416 2,980 3,329 5.5 5.6 4.9 5.4

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,100,933 3,117,217 3,110,376 3,129,062 103,059 103,968 96,338 108,257 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.5

Appleton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,874 133,150 132,377 133,757 3,263 3,590 3,158 3,816 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area — Continued

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Wisconsin - Continued

Eau Claire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,407 95,492 95,000 95,526 3,376 3,274 3,206 3,350 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5

Fond du Lac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,816 56,145 55,893 56,611 1,556 1,536 1,472 1,624 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.9

Green Bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172,644 173,253 173,134 173,651 5,163 5,187 4,833 5,378 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.1

Janesville-Beloit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87,222 88,379 87,798 88,531 3,263 3,185 3,136 3,259 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.7

La Crosse-Onalaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,887 78,849 77,199 79,017 2,216 2,226 2,021 2,193 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.8

Madison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400,909 407,855 401,949 409,881 9,086 9,566 8,523 10,376 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis. . . . . . . 807,978 808,556 811,563 810,790 26,190 27,115 24,898 28,928 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.6

Oshkosh-Neenah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,871 92,847 92,099 93,115 2,333 2,579 2,215 2,776 2.5 2.8 2.4 3.0

Racine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,855 98,912 98,586 99,185 3,958 3,863 3,589 3,997 4.0 3.9 3.6 4.0

Sheboygan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,857 62,482 61,287 62,853 1,514 1,581 1,389 1,742 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.8

Wausau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,573 72,636 72,931 72,890 2,015 2,196 1,950 2,309 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294,269 291,726 295,978 292,755 11,163 10,493 10,671 9,737 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.3

Casper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,718 39,333 39,916 39,407 1,639 1,502 1,590 1,399 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.6

Cheyenne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,191 48,945 49,345 48,843 1,870 1,821 1,736 1,647 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,204,106 1,215,962 1,192,206 1,211,018 71,174 70,166 68,772 68,452 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.7

Aguadilla-Isabela. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,928 100,228 97,355 99,435 8,529 8,073 7,783 7,572 8.6 8.1 8.0 7.6

Arecibo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,364 60,765 58,476 60,315 4,587 3,911 3,948 3,741 7.7 6.4 6.8 6.2

Guayama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,996 21,576 20,728 21,498 1,746 1,970 1,640 1,938 8.3 9.1 7.9 9.0

Mayaguez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,483 30,813 30,386 30,751 1,888 1,907 2,004 1,970 6.2 6.2 6.6 6.4

Ponce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,290 102,696 100,040 101,999 8,990 8,878 8,220 8,443 8.9 8.6 8.2 8.3

San German. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,830 38,683 37,771 38,663 2,901 2,849 2,861 2,766 7.7 7.4 7.6 7.2

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas. . . . . . . . . . . . 809,395 814,512 802,291 811,820 38,547 38,799 38,684 38,413 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.7

1 For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.

2 The area boundary does not reflect the Office of Management and Budget delineation.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area delineations are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan

New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first

principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan

division1

State, area, and division

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,354,958 19,400,989 19,386,551 19,409,333 925,636 1,085,527 904,111 1,036,703 4.8 5.6 4.7 5.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim. . . 6,657,193 6,609,009 6,651,614 6,629,690 311,210 318,342 294,149 325,292 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.9

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine. . . . . . . . . 1,591,305 1,597,049 1,595,762 1,599,878 53,852 67,213 52,133 62,769 3.4 4.2 3.3 3.9

Los Angeles-Long

Beach-Glendale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,065,888 5,011,960 5,055,852 5,029,812 257,358 251,129 242,016 262,523 5.1 5.0 4.8 5.2

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward. . . . . 2,532,360 2,515,405 2,541,287 2,516,966 85,774 112,633 84,448 105,255 3.4 4.5 3.3 4.2

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley. . . . . . . . 1,379,047 1,379,664 1,384,893 1,381,376 52,454 69,059 51,650 64,428 3.8 5.0 3.7 4.7

San Francisco-Redwood City-South

San Francisco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,020,783 1,002,436 1,023,926 1,002,263 29,245 38,235 28,878 35,882 2.9 3.8 2.8 3.6

San Rafael. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,530 133,305 132,468 133,327 4,075 5,339 3,920 4,945 3.1 4.0 3.0 3.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394,275 407,070 394,589 413,736 19,845 21,725 19,500 20,779 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.0

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria2. . . . 3,453,996 3,485,308 3,478,623 3,514,072 95,379 104,247 89,929 96,713 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.8

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville3.. . 679,773 680,991 682,929 691,055 15,050 17,733 12,445 18,214 2.2 2.6 1.8 2.6

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria2.. . 2,774,223 2,804,317 2,795,694 2,823,017 80,329 86,514 77,484 78,499 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,856,781 11,078,830 10,919,745 11,088,234 293,635 348,034 289,053 364,069 2.7 3.1 2.6 3.3

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm

Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,220,959 3,281,177 3,232,175 3,278,290 74,496 82,377 76,074 89,889 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.7

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano

Beach-Deerfield Beach. . . . . . . . . 1,071,437 1,094,869 1,077,298 1,097,801 28,705 34,120 27,964 35,324 2.7 3.1 2.6 3.2

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall. . . . . . . 1,377,876 1,402,564 1,378,010 1,393,813 24,574 22,802 27,289 28,275 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.0

West Palm Beach-Boca

Raton-Delray Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . 771,646 783,744 776,867 786,676 21,217 25,455 20,821 26,290 2.7 3.2 2.7 3.3

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,383,366 6,436,746 6,403,723 6,509,891 297,097 340,784 278,547 322,967 4.7 5.3 4.3 5.0

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin2. . . . . . . . . . . 4,899,218 4,926,446 4,908,012 4,990,055 222,912 259,639 208,767 246,387 4.5 5.3 4.3 4.9

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington

Heights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,800,278 3,821,793 3,798,651 3,875,566 162,065 194,408 148,870 182,305 4.3 5.1 3.9 4.7

Elgin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314,664 320,208 318,033 323,318 18,509 20,247 17,780 19,605 5.9 6.3 5.6 6.1

Gary3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336,013 330,949 339,630 333,927 17,681 18,483 17,705 18,303 5.3 5.6 5.2 5.5

Lake County-Kenosha County2. . . . 448,263 453,496 451,698 457,244 24,657 26,501 24,412 26,174 5.5 5.8 5.4 5.7

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,747,534 3,752,400 3,749,321 3,816,195 151,941 137,903 138,018 134,871 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.5

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua2. . . . . . . . . 2,798,053 2,800,937 2,800,431 2,845,267 98,102 93,982 90,346 92,597 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3

Boston-Cambridge-Newton. . . . . . . . 1,679,948 1,680,522 1,681,318 1,709,329 55,424 52,424 50,784 52,013 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton. . . . . . 109,143 108,586 109,474 110,008 4,995 4,560 4,965 4,441 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.0

Framingham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,340 159,164 159,710 161,976 5,427 5,067 4,945 4,973 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury

Town2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,496 117,013 116,759 118,694 4,126 4,216 3,814 4,071 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.4

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem2.. . 99,843 99,190 99,463 100,594 5,172 4,736 4,621 4,675 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.6

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford2. . . . . . . 194,769 194,805 194,396 197,794 7,431 7,244 6,782 7,103 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.6

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead. . . . . . . . . 85,401 86,185 85,470 87,565 3,613 3,333 3,337 3,260 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.7

Nashua2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174,574 176,899 174,776 177,856 4,562 5,860 4,118 5,667 2.6 3.3 2.4 3.2

Peabody-Salem-Beverly. . . . . . . . . . . 92,736 93,046 92,901 94,609 3,380 3,030 3,215 2,992 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.2

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton. . . . 85,803 85,527 86,164 86,842 3,972 3,512 3,765 3,402 4.6 4.1 4.4 3.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,915,208 5,001,524 4,948,991 5,056,057 214,923 211,865 197,727 199,554 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,362 2,176,112 2,152,753 2,201,186 78,325 86,867 69,516 79,757 3.7 4.0 3.2 3.6

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia. . . . . . . . . . 795,575 813,516 802,657 821,011 34,578 38,904 30,693 35,593 4.3 4.8 3.8 4.3

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills. . . . . . 1,334,788 1,362,596 1,350,098 1,380,175 43,747 47,963 38,824 44,164 3.3 3.5 2.9 3.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,652,627 9,712,110 9,693,725 9,717,727 441,555 438,041 401,894 408,783 4.6 4.5 4.1 4.2

New York-Newark-Jersey City2. . . . . . 10,336,239 10,348,809 10,379,025 10,399,205 477,750 479,610 442,939 451,204 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3

Dutchess County-Putnam County.. . 195,923 197,451 197,531 197,354 6,635 7,483 5,835 7,096 3.4 3.8 3.0 3.6

Nassau County-Suffolk County. . . . . 1,511,971 1,521,626 1,527,241 1,524,766 52,562 59,046 46,894 55,136 3.5 3.9 3.1 3.6

Newark3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,323,241 1,320,164 1,327,046 1,331,073 60,425 67,804 57,685 64,763 4.6 5.1 4.3 4.9

New York-Jersey City-White

Plains2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,305,104 7,309,568 7,327,207 7,346,012 358,128 345,277 332,525 324,209 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,472,469 6,573,585 6,481,725 6,613,371 265,720 242,147 225,666 225,073 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.4

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington2. . . . 3,240,579 3,286,099 3,254,112 3,304,787 127,809 127,713 113,385 120,694 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.7

Camden3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692,314 694,118 695,521 698,020 30,782 34,305 28,711 31,962 4.4 4.9 4.1 4.6

Montgomery County-Bucks

County-Chester County. . . . . . . . . 1,110,576 1,125,401 1,115,602 1,134,662 35,799 33,481 29,957 31,623 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.8

Philadelphia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,042,477 1,068,045 1,044,452 1,072,910 45,474 44,454 39,746 41,905 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.9

Wilmington3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395,212 398,535 398,537 399,195 15,754 15,473 14,971 15,204 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,011,661 15,295,403 15,058,520 15,276,869 654,309 665,729 604,785 622,898 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.1

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . 4,348,378 4,428,667 4,359,350 4,422,970 174,620 183,889 163,640 174,039 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.9

Dallas-Plano-Irving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,949,862 3,002,154 2,955,379 2,997,046 118,109 124,326 110,737 117,646 4.0 4.1 3.7 3.9

Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,398,516 1,426,513 1,403,971 1,425,924 56,511 59,563 52,903 56,393 4.0 4.2 3.8 4.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,023,491 4,023,883 4,025,445 4,003,685 181,167 225,903 165,079 204,870 4.5 5.6 4.1 5.1

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,256,879 2,266,040 2,266,267 2,249,521 76,830 105,471 78,549 100,708 3.4 4.7 3.5 4.5

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett. . . . . . . . . . . 1,799,376 1,809,720 1,810,737 1,792,853 51,142 75,154 56,647 73,398 2.8 4.2 3.1 4.1

Tacoma-Lakewood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457,503 456,320 455,530 456,668 25,688 30,317 21,902 27,310 5.6 6.6 4.8 6.0

1 These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.

2 Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.

3 All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at

https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some 

metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie 

in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the 

metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,144.1 2,181.9 2,148.3 2,187.2 38.9 1.8

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 47.3 46.8 47.4 0.6 1.3

Auburn-Opelika. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.9 74.9 72.3 75.0 2.7 3.7

Birmingham-Hoover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562.0 568.1 561.6 570.1 8.5 1.5

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.4 87.8 86.8 88.5 1.7 2.0

Decatur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.1 60.8 60.3 60.6 0.3 0.5

Dothan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 63.4 62.6 63.7 1.1 1.8

Florence-Muscle Shoals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.2 58.9 58.9 59.4 0.5 0.8

Gadsden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 34.9 34.7 34.9 0.2 0.6

Huntsville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.6 280.5 273.1 280.2 7.1 2.6

Mobile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188.3 188.4 188.0 188.5 0.5 0.3

Montgomery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.6 183.3 181.5 183.7 2.2 1.2

Tuscaloosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.1 115.9 114.1 115.9 1.8 1.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.9 325.5 315.4 328.0 12.6 4.0

Anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.0 178.1 173.3 178.9 5.6 3.2

Fairbanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 37.2 36.2 37.4 1.2 3.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,181.3 3,249.6 3,181.9 3,251.5 69.6 2.2

Flagstaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 69.5 68.2 69.7 1.5 2.2

Lake Havasu City-Kingman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 56.1 55.7 56.0 0.3 0.5

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,392.7 2,445.5 2,393.1 2,446.7 53.6 2.2

Prescott. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.8 70.9 69.6 70.9 1.3 1.9

Sierra Vista-Douglas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 35.2 34.9 35.0 0.1 0.3

Tucson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.0 405.2 401.1 405.7 4.6 1.1

Yuma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 61.6 63.0 61.7 -1.3 -2.1

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,341.7 1,352.8 1,348.3 1,363.7 15.4 1.1

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303.5 309.3 304.6 311.8 7.2 2.4

Fort Smith. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.7 117.0 115.3 117.4 2.1 1.8

Hot Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 40.7 41.2 41.0 -0.2 -0.5

Jonesboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.6 63.7 64.0 0.3 0.5

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386.0 392.2 387.6 395.3 7.7 2.0

Pine Bluff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.4 31.0 31.7 31.2 -0.5 -1.6

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,695.8 17,869.1 17,707.9 17,933.3 225.4 1.3

Bakersfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.1 290.9 288.6 292.3 3.7 1.3

Chico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 78.2 77.3 78.5 1.2 1.6

El Centro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 58.8 57.8 59.1 1.3 2.2

Fresno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.7 390.0 381.0 392.0 11.0 2.9

Hanford-Corcoran. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.1 43.3 42.0 43.3 1.3 3.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,204.8 6,235.0 6,206.7 6,257.0 50.3 0.8

Madera. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.5 44.2 41.5 44.2 2.7 6.5

Merced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.3 74.7 71.8 75.4 3.6 5.0

Modesto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.8 191.9 185.8 193.6 7.8 4.2

Napa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.6 74.6 72.6 74.9 2.3 3.2

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.7 316.4 311.6 317.5 5.9 1.9

Redding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 70.4 68.3 70.9 2.6 3.8

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.5 1,686.5 1,665.7 1,692.3 26.6 1.6

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,058.5 1,087.3 1,059.5 1,092.1 32.6 3.1

Salinas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.2 145.0 143.1 145.6 2.5 1.7

San Diego-Carlsbad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,538.3 1,552.8 1,542.7 1,557.2 14.5 0.9

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,456.6 2,453.3 2,457.4 2,460.2 2.8 0.1

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,156.6 1,150.0 1,153.7 1,156.2 2.5 0.2

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.7 118.5 118.2 119.1 0.9 0.8

Santa Cruz-Watsonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.0 99.8 98.1 100.7 2.6 2.7

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188.8 190.3 188.7 191.3 2.6 1.4

Santa Rosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.6 207.2 202.8 207.5 4.7 2.3

Stockton-Lodi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269.7 276.9 269.7 278.0 8.3 3.1

Vallejo-Fairfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.4 143.0 138.5 143.5 5.0 3.6

Visalia-Porterville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.3 142.8 139.6 143.2 3.6 2.6

Yuba City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.5 51.2 49.6 52.2 2.6 5.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,891.3 2,957.0 2,902.5 2,968.1 65.6 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Colorado - Continued

Boulder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.2 211.3 207.0 212.3 5.3 2.6

Colorado Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.5 328.0 321.1 328.8 7.7 2.4

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600.2 1,611.2 1,606.7 1,613.1 6.4 0.4

Fort Collins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.4 186.9 180.1 187.5 7.4 4.1

Grand Junction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 66.5 65.9 66.3 0.4 0.6

Greeley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.4 115.3 112.2 115.5 3.3 2.9

Pueblo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 63.9 64.0 64.3 0.3 0.5

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.3 1,683.4 1,671.4 1,692.3 20.9 1.3

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.2 401.9 400.4 404.6 4.2 1.0

Danbury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.9 76.4 76.4 77.4 1.0 1.3

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.2 579.0 575.8 581.9 6.1 1.1

New Haven. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.3 302.4 296.4 303.5 7.1 2.4

Norwich-New London-Westerly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.1 124.4 123.0 125.8 2.8 2.3

Waterbury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 65.7 65.8 66.3 0.5 0.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.1 479.5 477.6 482.6 5.0 1.0

Dover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 72.5 72.8 73.3 0.5 0.7

Salisbury1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.4 165.9 165.7 168.4 2.7 1.6

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759.4 765.4 762.7 765.8 3.1 0.4

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,327.8 3,348.8 3,337.4 3,361.3 23.9 0.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,693.0 9,920.0 9,720.2 9,930.6 210.4 2.2

Cape Coral-Fort Myers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.2 311.8 307.3 310.7 3.4 1.1

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.0 132.2 129.7 132.7 3.0 2.3

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.3 226.5 223.2 227.8 4.6 2.1

Gainesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.3 158.4 155.1 157.9 2.8 1.8

Homosassa Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.8 35.6 36.0 35.8 -0.2 -0.6

Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.3 799.7 785.7 800.2 14.5 1.8

Lakeland-Winter Haven. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271.3 277.6 271.5 278.2 6.7 2.5

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,886.1 2,953.6 2,892.0 2,958.5 66.5 2.3

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.4 176.2 172.7 176.7 4.0 2.3

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340.7 347.5 341.1 348.8 7.7 2.3

Ocala. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.9 121.2 119.9 121.2 1.3 1.1

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,449.8 1,476.8 1,453.8 1,481.6 27.8 1.9

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.4 256.6 251.7 256.0 4.3 1.7

Panama City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.6 87.8 87.2 88.1 0.9 1.0

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.4 202.9 200.0 203.9 3.9 2.0

Port St. Lucie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.3 174.0 171.9 174.4 2.5 1.5

Punta Gorda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.0 56.6 55.9 56.8 0.9 1.6

Sebastian-Vero Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 59.1 59.1 59.3 0.2 0.3

Sebring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3 28.5 28.5 28.6 0.1 0.4

Tallahassee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.7 202.5 195.7 202.1 6.4 3.3

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,519.4 1,552.3 1,522.9 1,553.2 30.3 2.0

The Villages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.5 40.7 40.0 40.9 0.9 2.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,875.8 4,916.6 4,884.4 4,941.3 56.9 1.2

Albany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 61.9 63.0 62.3 -0.7 -1.1

Athens-Clarke County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.3 104.2 100.5 104.6 4.1 4.1

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,035.3 3,057.5 3,038.6 3,068.7 30.1 1.0

Augusta-Richmond County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.3 244.2 245.3 246.8 1.5 0.6

Brunswick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.6 47.7 46.9 48.2 1.3 2.8

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.8 122.6 121.8 122.9 1.1 0.9

Dalton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 69.2 68.0 69.2 1.2 1.8

Gainesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.0 109.2 104.5 109.7 5.2 5.0

Hinesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 21.9 22.0 22.1 0.1 0.5

Macon-Bibb County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.8 100.1 100.9 100.6 -0.3 -0.3

Rome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.9 47.6 46.7 47.8 1.1 2.4

Savannah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.0 205.0 202.6 205.8 3.2 1.6

Valdosta. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 56.0 56.4 56.3 -0.1 -0.2

Warner Robins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.5 80.7 80.9 81.4 0.5 0.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634.6 635.0 633.7 639.0 5.3 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Hawaii - Continued

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.8 70.9 76.2 71.2 -5.0 -6.6

Urban Honolulu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.6 461.0 455.4 464.5 9.1 2.0

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829.2 854.6 828.6 860.7 32.1 3.9

Boise City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386.5 396.0 386.9 399.1 12.2 3.2

Coeur d’Alene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.6 74.8 71.0 75.2 4.2 5.9

Idaho Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.5 81.7 79.3 82.2 2.9 3.7

Lewiston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.3 30.3 29.4 30.6 1.2 4.1

Pocatello. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 39.8 38.8 40.0 1.2 3.1

Twin Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.2 49.5 49.2 49.7 0.5 1.0

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,012.9 6,035.5 6,056.1 6,071.3 15.2 0.3

Bloomington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.4 98.8 98.3 99.3 1.0 1.0

Carbondale-Marion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.8 58.4 58.6 58.6 0.0 0.0

Champaign-Urbana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.7 124.7 122.2 124.9 2.7 2.2

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,694.1 4,701.7 4,723.6 4,728.1 4.5 0.1

Danville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.5 26.7 26.5 26.8 0.3 1.1

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.6 179.1 182.3 179.8 -2.5 -1.4

Decatur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 46.9 48.8 46.9 -1.9 -3.9

Kankakee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.2 42.6 42.3 42.8 0.5 1.2

Peoria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.1 168.4 168.5 169.0 0.5 0.3

Rockford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.4 143.8 143.8 144.2 0.4 0.3

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.2 106.0 110.6 106.2 -4.4 -4.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,203.1 3,244.1 3,217.2 3,259.2 42.0 1.3

Bloomington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5 81.6 83.4 81.4 -2.0 -2.4

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 51.9 52.2 51.8 -0.4 -0.8

Elkhart-Goshen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.5 132.7 139.1 132.8 -6.3 -4.5

Evansville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.3 158.9 159.2 159.3 0.1 0.1

Fort Wayne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.5 234.7 233.3 235.6 2.3 1.0

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,140.2 1,166.6 1,145.1 1,171.7 26.6 2.3

Kokomo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.6 36.8 36.8 36.9 0.1 0.3

Lafayette-West Lafayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.3 110.9 111.3 111.5 0.2 0.2

Michigan City-La Porte. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 42.2 42.0 42.3 0.3 0.7

Muncie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.6 49.6 48.9 49.8 0.9 1.8

South Bend-Mishawaka. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.8 141.5 140.0 142.2 2.2 1.6

Terre Haute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 66.9 66.9 67.3 0.4 0.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,569.4 1,588.2 1,573.4 1,597.1 23.7 1.5

Ames. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 55.8 54.9 55.9 1.0 1.8

Cedar Rapids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.9 141.3 141.2 141.6 0.4 0.3

Des Moines-West Des Moines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.6 391.6 389.3 393.7 4.4 1.1

Dubuque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 60.7 60.3 60.6 0.3 0.5

Iowa City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.8 102.6 99.9 103.2 3.3 3.3

Sioux City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.5 88.2 88.9 88.5 -0.4 -0.4

Waterloo-Cedar Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.0 88.0 88.2 88.1 -0.1 -0.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,430.4 1,447.2 1,433.1 1,457.7 24.6 1.7

Lawrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 55.5 53.8 55.6 1.8 3.3

Manhattan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0 43.6 42.7 43.6 0.9 2.1

Topeka. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.1 115.3 113.3 116.4 3.1 2.7

Wichita. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.4 313.1 309.8 315.5 5.7 1.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.3 2,006.2 2,004.7 2,026.1 21.4 1.1

Bowling Green. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.7 83.1 81.1 83.7 2.6 3.2

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 57.4 56.6 57.7 1.1 1.9

Lexington-Fayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.6 294.2 291.9 296.0 4.1 1.4

Louisville/Jefferson County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684.7 686.5 690.5 693.6 3.1 0.4

Owensboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 52.2 52.2 52.4 0.2 0.4

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,948.5 1,950.4 1,954.5 1,956.9 2.4 0.1

Alexandria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 61.3 61.4 61.5 0.1 0.2

Baton Rouge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.4 420.3 419.0 424.0 5.0 1.2

Hammond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9 49.5 49.4 49.5 0.1 0.2

Houma-Thibodaux. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4 85.4 84.1 85.3 1.2 1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Louisiana - Continued

Lafayette. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.0 204.0 203.7 204.6 0.9 0.4

Lake Charles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.3 95.4 96.1 95.7 -0.4 -0.4

Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.8 76.7 78.5 76.5 -2.0 -2.5

New Orleans-Metairie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566.6 558.8 566.4 559.9 -6.5 -1.1

Shreveport-Bossier City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.7 176.0 178.4 176.2 -2.2 -1.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630.1 638.1 630.5 638.8 8.3 1.3

Bangor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 66.7 65.5 66.7 1.2 1.8

Lewiston-Auburn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.1 49.6 49.2 49.5 0.3 0.6

Portland-South Portland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209.9 212.0 210.3 211.8 1.5 0.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,702.4 2,708.1 2,716.2 2,721.1 4.9 0.2

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,389.4 1,390.2 1,396.2 1,395.9 -0.3 0.0

California-Lexington Park. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 49.2 48.8 49.4 0.6 1.2

Cumberland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.6 38.0 37.9 38.2 0.3 0.8

Hagerstown-Martinsburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 102.2 103.9 101.9 -2.0 -1.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,647.1 3,676.5 3,663.9 3,690.2 26.3 0.7

Barnstable Town. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.9 100.4 96.0 101.2 5.2 5.4

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,772.8 2,781.1 2,784.0 2,792.2 8.2 0.3

Leominster-Gardner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4 52.0 51.5 52.3 0.8 1.6

New Bedford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 65.5 65.5 65.8 0.3 0.5

Pittsfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.3 39.3 38.4 39.3 0.9 2.3

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.7 327.8 327.1 330.1 3.0 0.9

Worcester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285.6 289.2 286.6 291.3 4.7 1.6

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,376.9 4,413.8 4,393.0 4,431.4 38.4 0.9

Ann Arbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.6 230.2 225.3 231.1 5.8 2.6

Battle Creek. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 55.7 56.1 55.9 -0.2 -0.4

Bay City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.0 34.8 34.2 34.9 0.7 2.0

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,008.7 2,010.3 2,017.8 2,018.0 0.2 0.0

Flint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.9 139.3 138.4 139.5 1.1 0.8

Grand Rapids-Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579.0 580.9 581.8 582.0 0.2 0.0

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.9 57.8 58.2 58.2 0.0 0.0

Kalamazoo-Portage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.3 149.4 150.2 150.0 -0.2 -0.1

Lansing-East Lansing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.3 242.3 237.8 243.1 5.3 2.2

Midland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 37.6 37.7 37.9 0.2 0.5

Monroe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.1 43.3 41.5 43.2 1.7 4.1

Muskegon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 64.8 62.9 64.9 2.0 3.2

Niles-Benton Harbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1 62.8 61.6 62.9 1.3 2.1

Saginaw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3 82.5 81.8 82.9 1.1 1.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,927.5 2,966.4 2,926.9 2,974.9 48.0 1.6

Duluth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.2 130.5 131.1 131.1 0.0 0.0

Mankato-North Mankato. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 57.5 57.4 57.8 0.4 0.7

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,938.5 1,956.7 1,937.3 1,959.4 22.1 1.1

Rochester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.6 125.7 122.0 126.1 4.1 3.4

St. Cloud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.0 107.2 106.3 107.5 1.2 1.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,176.6 1,181.1 1,177.4 1,187.4 10.0 0.8

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.6 163.9 163.4 166.2 2.8 1.7

Hattiesburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.6 68.9 68.3 68.9 0.6 0.9

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281.6 284.4 281.9 285.3 3.4 1.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,933.8 2,989.5 2,949.3 3,009.9 60.6 2.1

Cape Girardeau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.6 45.9 45.8 46.1 0.3 0.7

Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.4 105.8 105.8 106.4 0.6 0.6

Jefferson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.8 81.3 80.5 82.0 1.5 1.9

Joplin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.7 82.9 83.1 82.8 -0.3 -0.4

Kansas City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,116.7 1,128.6 1,121.6 1,135.1 13.5 1.2

St. Joseph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0 60.4 60.2 60.9 0.7 1.2

St. Louis2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,411.5 1,426.3 1,416.3 1,435.7 19.4 1.4

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.3 235.5 233.7 236.2 2.5 1.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.8 517.4 509.9 520.9 11.0 2.2

Billings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.0 91.5 90.7 92.1 1.4 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Montana - Continued

Great Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.6 37.2 36.9 37.4 0.5 1.4

Missoula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 67.0 66.9 67.6 0.7 1.0

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,029.2 1,049.3 1,034.8 1,056.8 22.0 2.1

Grand Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0 44.2 43.4 44.8 1.4 3.2

Lincoln. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.0 196.0 193.2 197.7 4.5 2.3

Omaha-Council Bluffs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498.1 507.8 500.5 512.6 12.1 2.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,511.9 1,564.4 1,517.1 1,570.3 53.2 3.5

Carson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.9 31.6 31.2 31.8 0.6 1.9

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,104.9 1,141.9 1,109.1 1,145.9 36.8 3.3

Reno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261.7 267.1 261.6 269.1 7.5 2.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690.5 700.4 691.3 701.3 10.0 1.4

Dover-Durham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.9 52.5 52.8 52.6 -0.2 -0.4

Manchester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.9 115.3 114.4 115.6 1.2 1.0

Portsmouth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7 95.2 92.9 95.5 2.6 2.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,232.8 4,292.8 4,257.1 4,328.3 71.2 1.7

Atlantic City-Hammonton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.3 128.1 126.7 129.6 2.9 2.3

Ocean City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 40.9 34.6 41.3 6.7 19.4

Trenton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.6 291.0 287.9 292.1 4.2 1.5

Vineland-Bridgeton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.2 60.3 60.4 60.5 0.1 0.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.8 880.4 867.5 885.6 18.1 2.1

Albuquerque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411.7 418.5 412.0 420.8 8.8 2.1

Farmington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 46.4 46.6 46.7 0.1 0.2

Las Cruces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.8 80.7 78.5 81.0 2.5 3.2

Santa Fe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 63.4 61.8 63.1 1.3 2.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,560.4 9,684.1 9,605.6 9,747.4 141.8 1.5

Albany-Schenectady-Troy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.3 465.9 459.4 467.5 8.1 1.8

Binghamton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 99.3 97.6 100.1 2.5 2.6

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.7 553.9 543.8 556.7 12.9 2.4

Elmira. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 35.2 34.4 35.4 1.0 2.9

Glens Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 51.4 50.9 51.6 0.7 1.4

Ithaca. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.8 61.8 63.0 62.3 -0.7 -1.1

Kingston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 60.0 59.0 60.5 1.5 2.5

New York-Newark-Jersey City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,911.3 10,008.7 9,969.0 10,087.7 118.7 1.2

Rochester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.0 529.4 520.2 530.9 10.7 2.1

Syracuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.6 314.8 308.5 316.0 7.5 2.4

Utica-Rome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.7 123.0 121.5 123.4 1.9 1.6

Watertown-Fort Drum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.3 40.3 39.5 40.5 1.0 2.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,886.1 4,957.9 4,902.8 4,973.0 70.2 1.4

Asheville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.2 205.3 205.2 206.2 1.0 0.5

Burlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 69.2 68.5 69.4 0.9 1.3

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,332.5 1,351.2 1,337.8 1,355.7 17.9 1.3

Durham-Chapel Hill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343.6 350.6 343.9 350.6 6.7 1.9

Fayetteville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.6 136.5 135.0 137.2 2.2 1.6

Goldsboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.2 41.7 41.4 41.8 0.4 1.0

Greensboro-High Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361.8 366.1 362.6 365.9 3.3 0.9

Greenville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.6 83.0 81.6 83.1 1.5 1.8

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.0 157.2 158.5 157.7 -0.8 -0.5

Jacksonville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 55.3 54.7 55.7 1.0 1.8

New Bern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.9 47.5 46.9 47.5 0.6 1.3

Raleigh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716.6 735.0 718.6 738.4 19.8 2.8

Rocky Mount. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 54.9 54.6 55.0 0.4 0.7

Wilmington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.2 148.0 145.1 148.4 3.3 2.3

Winston-Salem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.1 276.0 276.1 276.8 0.7 0.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.4 433.3 431.0 434.0 3.0 0.7

Bismarck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 72.7 73.2 72.8 -0.4 -0.5

Fargo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.4 150.7 149.6 151.4 1.8 1.2

Grand Forks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 54.4 53.5 54.5 1.0 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,534.7 5,561.4 5,554.6 5,593.8 39.2 0.7

Akron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337.4 335.8 337.2 338.0 0.8 0.2

Canton-Massillon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.6 168.7 167.9 169.7 1.8 1.1

Cincinnati. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138.5 1,139.4 1,146.4 1,148.5 2.1 0.2

Cleveland-Elyria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,045.3 1,053.5 1,046.4 1,059.9 13.5 1.3

Columbus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138.0 1,143.2 1,138.2 1,148.8 10.6 0.9

Dayton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.5 384.9 385.5 386.8 1.3 0.3

Lima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.9 51.6 52.0 51.5 -0.5 -1.0

Mansfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.1 50.4 50.0 50.7 0.7 1.4

Springfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 50.0 49.9 50.2 0.3 0.6

Toledo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304.2 305.3 305.1 306.9 1.8 0.6

Weirton-Steubenville1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.3 39.1 39.4 39.4 0.0 0.0

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.8 209.0 209.2 209.9 0.7 0.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,736.9 1,768.8 1,746.0 1,777.0 31.0 1.8

Enid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.9 0.1 0.4

Lawton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 43.7 43.8 43.7 -0.1 -0.2

Oklahoma City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689.3 707.1 692.2 709.8 17.6 2.5

Tulsa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463.6 472.8 466.6 475.0 8.4 1.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,966.2 1,956.2 1,973.6 1,964.6 -9.0 -0.5

Albany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.6 47.3 47.7 47.5 -0.2 -0.4

Bend-Redmond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.2 93.5 91.7 94.2 2.5 2.7

Corvallis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.6 45.9 44.8 46.4 1.6 3.6

Eugene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.6 162.1 163.2 162.8 -0.4 -0.2

Grants Pass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.7 26.6 27.0 26.6 -0.4 -1.5

Medford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.7 88.6 88.6 88.7 0.1 0.1

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,240.4 1,218.6 1,245.1 1,223.3 -21.8 -1.8

Salem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.8 181.6 180.1 182.7 2.6 1.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,999.4 6,069.8 6,040.4 6,105.6 65.2 1.1

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387.2 391.8 389.4 394.4 5.0 1.3

Altoona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 60.4 59.6 60.6 1.0 1.7

Bloomsburg-Berwick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 44.3 44.2 44.5 0.3 0.7

Chambersburg-Waynesboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 60.3 61.0 60.5 -0.5 -0.8

East Stroudsburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.7 57.2 57.0 57.3 0.3 0.5

Erie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.1 124.8 123.7 125.4 1.7 1.4

Gettysburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 33.8 33.8 33.8 0.0 0.0

Harrisburg-Carlisle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.6 358.2 355.8 359.2 3.4 1.0

Johnstown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 51.3 51.3 51.8 0.5 1.0

Lancaster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.1 260.9 261.7 262.9 1.2 0.5

Lebanon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 56.7 55.3 56.9 1.6 2.9

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,030.5 3,065.2 3,052.6 3,084.1 31.5 1.0

Pittsburgh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,140.5 1,149.8 1,149.3 1,159.6 10.3 0.9

Reading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.5 178.7 178.4 179.3 0.9 0.5

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260.3 266.4 261.8 267.9 6.1 2.3

State College. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.1 81.8 80.3 82.2 1.9 2.4

Williamsport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 52.0 51.6 52.3 0.7 1.4

York-Hanover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190.3 192.2 191.0 192.3 1.3 0.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493.2 502.1 496.6 504.2 7.6 1.5

Providence-Warwick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.1 594.0 593.4 597.4 4.0 0.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,271.3 2,337.4 2,284.0 2,351.8 67.8 3.0

Charleston-North Charleston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404.3 421.5 406.2 423.0 16.8 4.1

Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419.7 430.3 420.8 432.7 11.9 2.8

Florence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.5 96.3 95.4 97.1 1.7 1.8

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.4 463.2 458.0 465.6 7.6 1.7

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.8 89.4 86.9 90.2 3.3 3.8

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.8 192.1 188.3 195.9 7.6 4.0

Spartanburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.2 173.4 170.0 174.2 4.2 2.5

Sumter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.8 38.4 37.7 38.8 1.1 2.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449.0 458.6 451.7 461.8 10.1 2.2

Rapid City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.8 72.4 71.0 73.3 2.3 3.2

Sioux Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.7 170.1 168.6 170.9 2.3 1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,293.5 3,299.9 3,303.5 3,320.2 16.7 0.5

Chattanooga. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.9 283.3 283.1 285.5 2.4 0.8

Clarksville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.3 100.6 100.8 101.5 0.7 0.7

Cleveland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 47.5 47.9 47.7 -0.2 -0.4

Jackson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 71.5 71.9 72.0 0.1 0.1

Johnson City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.8 86.4 87.3 86.8 -0.5 -0.6

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.5 122.6 122.5 123.5 1.0 0.8

Knoxville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437.0 435.9 437.8 437.8 0.0 0.0

Memphis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661.3 650.2 662.3 651.5 -10.8 -1.6

Morristown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.9 49.0 49.5 49.2 -0.3 -0.6

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,147.8 1,153.3 1,150.1 1,159.4 9.3 0.8

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,754.3 14,051.3 13,800.4 14,066.6 266.2 1.9

Abilene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.1 77.0 76.4 77.2 0.8 1.0

Amarillo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.3 128.5 126.8 128.4 1.6 1.3

Austin-Round Rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,313.7 1,349.0 1,319.8 1,348.6 28.8 2.2

Beaumont-Port Arthur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.8 164.3 161.3 164.4 3.1 1.9

Brownsville-Harlingen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159.0 162.3 160.2 162.9 2.7 1.7

College Station-Bryan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.6 143.8 139.8 143.9 4.1 2.9

Corpus Christi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.1 199.8 196.3 199.8 3.5 1.8

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,171.6 4,250.8 4,183.3 4,247.5 64.2 1.5

El Paso. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.4 346.5 337.7 345.6 7.9 2.3

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,339.0 3,417.6 3,350.9 3,418.7 67.8 2.0

Killeen-Temple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.0 155.1 151.8 154.8 3.0 2.0

Laredo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.8 112.4 110.1 112.7 2.6 2.4

Longview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.6 100.9 100.6 -0.3 -0.3

Lubbock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.9 161.1 158.1 160.9 2.8 1.8

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.8 300.9 297.3 300.0 2.7 0.9

Midland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.7 121.2 119.2 121.7 2.5 2.1

Odessa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.5 81.1 80.2 81.6 1.4 1.7

San Angelo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.9 52.7 51.9 52.8 0.9 1.7

San Antonio-New Braunfels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,147.4 1,176.7 1,151.6 1,176.3 24.7 2.1

Sherman-Denison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 53.6 52.1 53.7 1.6 3.1

Texarkana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 59.3 59.4 59.4 0.0 0.0

Tyler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.4 116.4 115.4 116.3 0.9 0.8

Victoria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.2 0.0 0.0

Waco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.3 137.5 133.8 137.6 3.8 2.8

Wichita Falls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 59.3 59.3 59.5 0.2 0.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,702.7 1,733.4 1,703.9 1,739.5 35.6 2.1

Logan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 72.5 71.5 72.7 1.2 1.7

Ogden-Clearfield. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.6 294.5 287.2 296.7 9.5 3.3

Provo-Orem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.9 314.6 309.5 315.7 6.2 2.0

St. George. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4 85.6 83.8 86.3 2.5 3.0

Salt Lake City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.0 820.6 808.3 822.6 14.3 1.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.4 312.2 310.0 311.9 1.9 0.6

Burlington-South Burlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.6 127.1 124.5 126.2 1.7 1.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,125.2 4,182.0 4,134.4 4,208.9 74.5 1.8

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.0 86.9 83.9 87.5 3.6 4.3

Charlottesville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.3 125.9 122.6 126.7 4.1 3.3

Harrisonburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.9 73.0 71.8 73.7 1.9 2.6

Lynchburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.0 105.5 104.4 105.7 1.3 1.2

Richmond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705.8 714.7 705.4 719.8 14.4 2.0

Roanoke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.5 167.2 164.1 168.4 4.3 2.6

Staunton-Waynesboro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 53.4 53.8 53.8 0.0 0.0

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795.6 809.8 798.0 814.8 16.8 2.1

Winchester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 71.9 71.1 72.3 1.2 1.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,545.0 3,599.5 3,561.6 3,619.3 57.7 1.6

Bellingham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.2 96.8 96.7 97.2 0.5 0.5

Bremerton-Silverdale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.1 97.0 95.2 97.1 1.9 2.0

Kennewick-Richland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.1 126.1 123.0 127.0 4.0 3.3

Longview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 42.0 41.8 42.1 0.3 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted — Continued

[In thousands]

State and area

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

Washington - Continued

Mount Vernon-Anacortes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.2 52.0 50.9 52.4 1.5 2.9

Olympia-Tumwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.6 131.9 128.5 132.3 3.8 3.0

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103.4 2,126.5 2,109.5 2,135.7 26.2 1.2

Spokane-Spokane Valley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.7 272.3 265.5 272.6 7.1 2.7

Walla Walla. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 29.6 29.7 29.6 -0.1 -0.3

Wenatchee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.0 49.4 47.7 49.6 1.9 4.0

Yakima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.2 91.3 89.2 91.6 2.4 2.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700.5 712.9 704.6 714.9 10.3 1.5

Beckley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.1 44.1 43.6 44.3 0.7 1.6

Charleston. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.5 109.6 108.6 109.9 1.3 1.2

Huntington-Ashland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.2 135.7 134.0 136.5 2.5 1.9

Morgantown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.8 72.1 71.9 72.0 0.1 0.1

Parkersburg-Vienna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.6 38.5 37.8 38.7 0.9 2.4

Wheeling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.4 61.4 61.0 61.9 0.9 1.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,965.3 2,992.8 2,977.1 2,997.8 20.7 0.7

Appleton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.1 127.4 127.4 127.8 0.4 0.3

Eau Claire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.7 88.6 88.2 88.7 0.5 0.6

Fond du Lac. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.0 47.1 47.1 47.5 0.4 0.8

Green Bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.6 176.8 177.1 177.1 0.0 0.0

Janesville-Beloit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.4 71.1 71.0 71.3 0.3 0.4

La Crosse-Onalaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.6 79.4 77.9 79.7 1.8 2.3

Madison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416.8 422.6 417.9 424.1 6.2 1.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850.5 844.5 853.8 846.8 -7.0 -0.8

Oshkosh-Neenah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.1 96.4 96.2 96.6 0.4 0.4

Racine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 77.8 77.8 78.1 0.3 0.4

Sheboygan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 62.6 61.5 62.9 1.4 2.3

Wausau. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.1 70.9 71.6 71.1 -0.5 -0.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.4 285.9 284.3 287.0 2.7 0.9

Casper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 39.6 39.5 39.7 0.2 0.5

Cheyenne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.1 47.8 47.4 47.9 0.5 1.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930.1 957.7 941.2 960.6 19.4 2.1

Aguadilla-Isabela. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 59.7 58.1 59.9 1.8 3.1

Arecibo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 40.0 38.3 40.0 1.7 4.4

Guayama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 14.7 14.2 14.8 0.6 4.2

Mayaguez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.9 34.7 35.1 0.4 1.2

Ponce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.3 74.0 72.4 74.3 1.9 2.6

San German. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 21.9 21.2 22.1 0.9 4.2

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673.4 689.0 680.2 691.0 10.8 1.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.9 35.6 36.3 35.5 -0.8 -2.2

1 For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains

the first principal city.

2 Area boundary does not reflect official OMB delineation.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes

available. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at

https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are

county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for

the latest month are subject to revision the following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division, not

seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

State, area, and division

February March Change from

March 2023 to March 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p Number Percent

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,695.8 17,869.1 17,707.9 17,933.3 225.4 1.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,204.8 6,235.0 6,206.7 6,257.0 50.3 0.8

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,664.7 1,688.3 1,664.4 1,695.4 31.0 1.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,540.1 4,546.7 4,542.3 4,561.6 19.3 0.4

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,456.6 2,453.3 2,457.4 2,460.2 2.8 0.1

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,176.6 1,186.0 1,178.1 1,191.3 13.2 1.1

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,169.5 1,154.8 1,168.9 1,156.1 -12.8 -1.1

San Rafael. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.5 112.5 110.4 112.8 2.4 2.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759.4 765.4 762.7 765.8 3.1 0.4

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,327.8 3,348.8 3,337.4 3,361.3 23.9 0.7

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.9 590.0 592.1 591.2 -0.9 -0.2

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,735.9 2,758.8 2,745.3 2,770.1 24.8 0.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,693.0 9,920.0 9,720.2 9,930.6 210.4 2.2

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,886.1 2,953.6 2,892.0 2,958.5 66.5 2.3

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 908.6 926.6 909.5 927.7 18.2 2.0

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,288.9 1,328.1 1,291.8 1,330.2 38.4 3.0

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688.6 698.9 690.7 700.6 9.9 1.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,012.9 6,035.5 6,056.1 6,071.3 15.2 0.3

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,694.1 4,701.7 4,723.6 4,728.1 4.5 0.1

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,751.2 3,750.2 3,775.0 3,770.6 -4.4 -0.1

Elgin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.5 261.0 259.5 263.6 4.1 1.6

Gary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.0 278.0 278.1 279.5 1.4 0.5

Lake County-Kenosha County2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409.4 412.5 411.0 414.4 3.4 0.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,647.1 3,676.5 3,663.9 3,690.2 26.3 0.7

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,772.8 2,781.1 2,784.0 2,792.2 8.2 0.3

Boston-Cambridge-Newton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,897.5 1,902.9 1,904.5 1,910.3 5.8 0.3

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 76.8 78.2 77.1 -1.1 -1.4

Framingham. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.4 167.6 168.3 168.0 -0.3 -0.2

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 66.0 65.9 66.4 0.5 0.8

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2 82.7 83.3 83.1 -0.2 -0.2

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.9 155.8 156.0 156.6 0.6 0.4

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 45.2 44.2 45.6 1.4 3.2

Nashua2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.7 129.6 129.3 129.9 0.6 0.5

Peabody-Salem-Beverly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.9 94.2 93.4 94.5 1.1 1.2

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 60.3 60.9 60.7 -0.2 -0.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,376.9 4,413.8 4,393.0 4,431.4 38.4 0.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,008.7 2,010.3 2,017.8 2,018.0 0.2 0.0

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760.3 760.8 763.1 762.4 -0.7 -0.1

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,248.4 1,249.5 1,254.7 1,255.6 0.9 0.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,560.4 9,684.1 9,605.6 9,747.4 141.8 1.5

New York-Newark-Jersey City2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,911.3 10,008.7 9,969.0 10,087.7 118.7 1.2

Dutchess County-Putnam County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.4 144.5 142.3 145.3 3.0 2.1

Nassau County-Suffolk County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,308.1 1,329.0 1,317.5 1,342.5 25.0 1.9

Newark3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,234.8 1,253.2 1,241.4 1,262.9 21.5 1.7

New York-Jersey City-White Plains2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,227.0 7,282.0 7,267.8 7,337.0 69.2 1.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,999.4 6,069.8 6,040.4 6,105.6 65.2 1.1

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,030.5 3,065.2 3,052.6 3,084.1 31.5 1.0

Camden3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560.4 571.4 564.3 575.5 11.2 2.0

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,102.8 1,105.7 1,112.8 1,112.8 0.0 0.0

Philadelphia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 994.5 1,011.3 1,000.6 1,016.3 15.7 1.6

Wilmington3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.8 376.8 374.9 379.5 4.6 1.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,754.3 14,051.3 13,800.4 14,066.6 266.2 1.9

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,171.6 4,250.8 4,183.3 4,247.5 64.2 1.5

Dallas-Plano-Irving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,993.1 3,047.2 2,998.8 3,043.2 44.4 1.5

Fort Worth-Arlington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,178.5 1,203.6 1,184.5 1,204.3 19.8 1.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,545.0 3,599.5 3,561.6 3,619.3 57.7 1.6

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103.4 2,126.5 2,109.5 2,135.7 26.2 1.2

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,768.3 1,783.0 1,771.6 1,791.2 19.6 1.1

Tacoma-Lakewood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.1 343.5 337.9 344.5 6.6 2.0

1 These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.

2 Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.

3 All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area definitions are

based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and available at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New

England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal

city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan

areas are listed.For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.
Map 1. Unemployment rates for metropolitan areas, not seasonally adjusted, 

March 2024

(U.S. rate = 3.9 percent)

Map includes data for 389 metropolitan areas based

on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03. 

Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan 

New England City and Town areas (NECTAs), while

areas in other states are county-based.

NOTE:

Above U.S. average

U.S. average or below
Map 2. Over-the-year percentage change in employment, by metropolitan area, 

not seasonally adjusted, March 2024

(U.S. average = 1.9 percent)

Above U.S. average

U.S. average or below

NOTE: Map includes data for 389

metropolitan areas based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-

03. Areas in the six New England states

are Metropolitan New England City and

Town areas (NECTAs), while areas in

other states are county based.