Technical information:  (202) 691-6392    USDL 01-425
http://www.bls.gov/mls/
                                     
                                          For release: 10:00 A.M. EST
Media contact:               691-5902     Thursday, November 15, 2001
                                     
                                     
            EXTENDED MASS LAYOFFS IN THE THIRD QUARTER OF 2001
  

   In the third quarter of 2001, there were 1,689 mass layoff actions by
employers that resulted in the separation of 349,866 workers from their
jobs for more than 30 days, according to preliminary figures released by
the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics.  Both the total
number of layoff events and the number of separations were sharply higher
than July-September 2000.  This marks the fourth consecutive quarter of
significant over-the-year increases in extended mass layoff activity.  For
the first three quarters of 2001, the number of worker separations totaled
1,171,572, up from 743,357 during the same period in 2000 and slightly more
than the total for all of 2000 (1,170,423).  (See table A.)
   
   Lack of demand for employers' products and services (slack work)
accounted for 28 percent of all events and resulted in 84,194 separations.
Permanent closure of worksites occurred in 18 percent of all events and
affected 74,827 workers, up from 40,688 workers in the third quarter of
2000.  Fewer than 2 out of 5 employers with layoffs in the third quarter
indicated that they anticipated some type of recall, the smallest proportion 
since the series began in 1995.
   
Initial Impact of September 11 Attacks
   
   In the first report of extended mass layoffs covering the period since
the September 11 terrorist attacks, 143 events involving 55,000 workers
were identified as directly or indirectly attributed to the attacks.  These
represent reports by employers for events that occurred during the weeks
ending September 15, 22, and 29 and are included in the totals for the
third quarter.  After the events of September 11, BLS added a new code for
reason for the layoff, "non-natural disaster."  (See Note on page 5 for
details and table 2.  In addition to the layoffs attributed to non-natural  
disaster in table 2, there were a large number of layoffs for other primary
reasons that employers secondarily attributed to the September 11 attacks in
industries such as airlines and hotels.)
   
   Twenty-one states reported extended mass layoff activity related in some
way to the September 11 incidents.  However, 74 percent of these related
events and 77 percent of the related separations occurred in just five
states' California, Nevada, Illinois, Texas, and New York.  Among the
workers laid off because of the terrorist attacks, more than half, 27,749,
had been employed in the scheduled air transportation industry.  An
additional 17,691 workers had been employed in hotels and motels.
   
Industry Distribution of Extended Layoffs
   
   Extended mass layoff separations occurred in 437 of the 1,005 detailed
industries for which data are available.  Although 36 percent of the
separations occurred in manufacturing, another 18 percent were in three
industries in the service-producing sector--scheduled air transportation
(30,292), hotels and motels (20,565), and help supply services (11,194).

                                   - 2 -

Table A.  Selected measures of mass layoff activity
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Period         | Layoff events|  Separation  | Initial claimants
-------------------------|--------------|--------------|------------------
     1997                |              |              |
January-March............|     1,317    |    255,227   |      224,180
April-June...............|     1,587    |    351,198   |      292,673
July-September...........|     1,082    |    217,869   |      209,019
October-December.........|     1,697    |    321,821   |      316,035
     1998                |              |              |    
January-March............|     1,320    |    208,082   |      247,315
April-June...............|     1,563    |    391,461   |      402,276
July-September...........|     1,234    |    248,054   |      256,803
October-December.........|     1,734    |    379,976   |      325,990
     1999                |              |              |
January-March............|     1,509    |    277,780   |      252,122
April-June...............|     1,444    |    294,968   |      242,464
July-September...........|     1,097    |    241,725   |      189,973
October-December.........|     1,625    |    334,794   |      287,685
     2000                |              |              |
January-March............|     1,330    |    254,646   |      221,368
April-June...............|     1,271    |    258,608   |      231,471
July-September(r)........|     1,014    |    230,103   |      189,250
October-December(r)......|     2,005    |    427,066   |      376,362
     2001                |              |              |
January-March(r).........|     1,765    |    342,035   |      338,596
April-June(r)............|     2,055    |    479,671   |      387,880
July-September(p)........|     1,689    |    349,866   |      233,780
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  p=preliminary.                         r=revised.

   Agriculture accounted for 9 percent of all events and 12 percent of all
separations in the private sector during July-September 2001.  Layoff
activity was concentrated in agricultural services (primarily in farm labor
contracting) and in agricultural crop production (mainly in grapes) and was
almost entirely due to the end of seasonal work.  (See table 1.)
   
   Forty-one percent of all layoff events and 36 percent of separations
occurred in manufacturing.  Among durable goods industries, extended
layoffs were most prevalent in electronic and other electrical equipment
(mostly in semiconductors and related devices), in industrial machinery and
equipment (primarily in refrigeration and heating equipment), and in
transportation equipment (mainly in motor vehicle parts and accessories).
Within the nondurable goods sector, layoffs were mostly in food and kindred
products (largely in canned fruits and vegetables) and in apparel and other
textile products (mostly in men's and boys' trousers and slacks).
   
   Services accounted for 22 percent of private-sector layoff events and 
21 percent of separations, primarily in business services (largely in help
supply) and in hotels and motels.  Layoffs in transportation and public
utilities accounted for 10 percent of the events and 17 percent of the
separations, mainly in transportation by air (largely in scheduled air
transportation) and in local and interurban passenger transit (mostly among
school bus companies).  Cutbacks in retail trade comprised 7 percent of
events and separations in the private-sector and were largely in eating
places.
 
                                   - 3 -

Table B.  Distribution of layoff events by size of layoff, July-September 
2001p
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      |      Layoff events         Separations             
      Size            | -------------------------------------------------
                      |          |          |           |
                      |   Number |  Percent |   Number  |    Percent    
 ---------------------|----------|----------|---------- |----------------
   Total..............|   1,689  |   100.0  |  349,866  |     100.0
                      |          |          |           |
                      |          |          |           |
50-99.................|    604   |    35.8  |   42,047  |      12.0
100-149...............|    386   |    22.9  |   44,287  |      12.7
150-199...............|    204   |    12.1  |   34,136  |       9.8
200-299...............|    222   |    13.1  |   50,895  |      14.5
300-499...............|    155   |     9.2  |   56,489  |      16.1
500-999...............|     77   |     4.6  |   49,528  |      14.2
1,000 or more.........|     41   |     2.4  |   72,484  |      20.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   p=preliminary.
   
   Layoffs in government establishments accounted for 2 percent of all events 
and 3 percent of all separations, primarily in executive, legislative,  and 
general government agencies.
   
Reasons for Extended Layoff
   
   Twenty-eight percent of the events and 24 percent of the separations in
the third quarter were due to slack work.  (See table 2.)  This is the first 
time that employers cited this reason most frequently.  These layoffs were 
most numerous among workers in hotels and motels, in electronic and other 
electrical equipment (mostly in semiconductors and related devices), and in 
scheduled air transportation.
   
   The completion of seasonal work accounted for 17 percent of events and
20 percent of separations during the quarter, mostly in agricultural services 
(farm labor contractors) and agricultural crop production.  These were the 
smallest proportions for seasonal layoffs since the program began in 1995.
   
   Layoffs due to internal company restructuring (bankruptcy, business
ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization) accounted for
27 percent of layoff events and resulted in 106,154 separations.  These
layoffs were mostly among workers in the business services, scheduled air
transportation, and electronic and other electrical equipment industries.
A year earlier, separations attributed to internal company restructuring
involved 53,397 workers.

Size of Extended Layoff

   Layoff events during the third quarter continued to be concentrated at
the lower end of the layoff-size spectrum, with 59 percent involving fewer
than 150 workers.  These events, however, accounted for only 25 percent of
all separations.  (See table B.)  Separations involving 500 or more workers
accounted for 35 percent of all separations, down slightly from a year
earlier (39 percent).  The average size of layoffs (as measured by 
separations per layoff event) differed widely by industry, ranging from a
low of 73 separations in membership organizations to a high of 874 in
transportation by air.

                                   - 4 -

Table C.  Summary of employer expectations of a recall from layoff, 
third quarter 2000-third quarter 2001
--------------------------------------------------------------------
                        |          Percentage of events
                        |-------------------------------------------
  Nature of the recall  |   III |   IV   |    I   |   II   |   III
                        |  2000 |  2000  |  2001r |  2001r |  2001p
------------------------|-------|--------|--------|--------|--------
                        |       |        |        |        |
Anticipate a recall.....|  51.9 |   67.0 |   46.1 |  44.7  |   36.2   
                        |       |        |        |        |
        Timeframe       |       |        |        |        |
                        |       |        |        |        |
Within 6 months.........|  82.1 |   82.5 |   79.1 |  83.8  |   74.6
  Within 3 months.......|  52.7 |   37.9 |   53.4 |  51.1  |   47.8
                        |       |        |        |        |
          Size          |       |        |        |        |
                        |       |        |        |        |
At least half...........|  87.3 |   88.3 |   81.1 |  88.3  |   76.6
 All workers............|  53.8 |   47.5 |   35.2 |  41.5  |   30.6
 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                                                                 
    p=preliminary.                      r=revised.
   
Initial Claimant Characteristics
   
   A total of 233,780 initial claimants for unemployment insurance were
associated with mass layoffs in the third quarter of 2001.  Of these
claimants, 13 percent were black, 46 percent were women, 18 percent were
Hispanic, and 14 percent were 55 years of age or older.  (See table 3.)
Forty percent of claimants were 30 to 44 years of age.  Among the civilian
labor force for the same period, 12 percent were black, 46 percent were
women, 11 percent were Hispanic, and 13 percent were 55 years of age or
older.  Thirty-eight percent of the civilian labor force were ages 30 
to 44.
   
Geographic Distribution
   
   In the third quarter, the number of separations due to extended mass
layoff events was highest in the West (127,436), followed by the Midwest
(81,442), the South (73,736), and the Northeast (67,252).  (See table 4.)
Contributing to extended mass layoffs in the West were agricultural
services, agricultural production crops, hotels and other lodging places,
and business services.
   
   All four regions reported over-the-year increases in separations, with
the largest increases occurring in the West (+37,888), largely in hotels
and motels, in electronic and other electrical equipment, and in scheduled
air transportation.  Seven of the nine geographic divisions experienced
over-the-year increases in laid-off workers, with the largest increases
occurring in the Middle Atlantic (largely in electronic and other electrical 
equipment and in hotels and motels), followed by the Pacific and East North 
Central divisions.  Separations declined in the East South Central and New 
England divisions.

                                  - 5 -
   
   Among the 50 states and the District of Columbia, the largest number of
worker separations occurred in California (93,825), followed by Illinois
(39,939), New York (30,124), and Texas (25,611).  These four states
accounted for 47 percent of total layoff events and 54 percent of the
separations during the third quarter of 2001.  (See table 5.)  After
excluding the substantial impact of seasonal work, California still
reported the most laid-off workers (51,723), largely due to layoffs in
electronic and other electrical equipment manufacturing, in business
services, and in scheduled air transportation.
   
   Over the year, the largest increases in laid-off workers occurred in
California (+22,880), Illinois (+18,636), New York (+18,442), and Texas
(+15,089).  The largest decreases occurred in Michigan (-4,536) and Oregon
(-3,771).

Recall Expectations

   Thirty-six percent of employers reporting a layoff in the third quarter
of 2001 indicated they anticipated some type of recall.  This compares with
52 percent of the employers anticipating a recall a year earlier and is the
smallest proportion since the series began in 1995.  (See table C.)  This
relatively small proportion reflects the greater prevalence of
reorganizations within the company and layoffs due to financial difficulty,
situations where recall is unlikely.  Most of the employers not expecting a
recall were in electronic and other electrical equipment manufacturing, in
transportation by air, and in business services.  Among establishments
expecting a recall, most employers expected to recall over one-half of the
separated employees and to do so within 6 months.  Only 31 percent of such
employers expect to extend the offer to all laid-off workers.
   
   Excluding layoff events due to seasonal work and vacation period (in
which 87 percent of the employers expected a recall), employers expected to
recall laid-off workers in 23 percent of the events.  In layoff events due
to internal company restructuring, employers anticipated a recall in only 
4 percent of the events.
   

   ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  |                                 Note                                  |
  |                                                                       |
  |    The quarterly series on extended mass layoffs cover layoffs of at  |
  |  least 31-days duration that involve 50 or more individuals from a    |
  |  single establishment filing initial claims for unemployment insurance| 
  |  during a consecutive 5-week period.  Approximately 30 days after a   |
  |  mass layoff is triggered at an establishment, the employer is con-   |
  |  tacted for additional information.  Data for the third quarter are   |
  |  preliminary and subject to revision.  This release also includes     |
  |  revised data for previous quarters. Data are not seasonally adjusted,| 
  |  but survey data suggest that there is a seasonal pattern to layoffs. |  
  |  Thus, comparisons between consecutive quarters should not be used as | 
  |  an indicator of trend.  For additional information about the program,| 
  |  see the Technical Note.                                              |
  |                                                                       |
  |    A new code for reason for the layoff, "non-natural disaster," which|
  |  allows for identification of workers separated from companies as a   |
  |  direct or indirect effect of situations such as the September 11     |
  |  attacks, has been added to the extended mass layoff reporting system.|  
  |  In addition to the data on the impact of the September 11 attacks    |
  |  contained in this release, BLS is expanding its reporting of extended| 
  |  mass layoffs to include interim reports on layoff events during this |
  |  period.  The report on extended layoff events identified through     |
  |  October 12 will be issued in late November as part of the regular    |
  |  release of mass layoffs that occurred in October 2001.  This interim |
  |  reporting will provide a more timely and complete picture of extended| 
  |  layoff events associated with the September 11 attacks.              |
  |                                                                       |
   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Technical Note
  
  The  Mass  Layoff  Statistics (MLS) program is  a  federal-state  program
which  uses  a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing,
and  tracking  the  effects of major job cutbacks,  using  data  from  each
state's  unemployment  insurance database.  Establishments  which  have  at
least  50  initial  claims filed against them during a  consecutive  5-week
period  are  contacted  by  the state agency  to  determine  whether  these
separations  are of at least 31 days duration, and, if so,  information  is
obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these
separations.    Establishments  are  identified   according   to   industry
classification  and  location,  and unemployment  insurance  claimants  are
identified by such demographic factors as age, race, sex, ethnic group, and
place  of  residence.  The program yields information  on  an  individual's
entire  spell  of  unemployment,  to the point  when  regular  unemployment
insurance benefits are exhausted.

  The  MLS  program  was resumed in April 1995; it had been  terminated  in
November  1992 due to lack of funding.  However, due to changes in concepts
and  definitions,  data  from the resumed program  are  not  comparable  to
earlier data.

  Information   in   this   release  will  be  made  available  to  sensory
impaired  individuals upon request.  Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message
referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.

Definitions

  Establishment.   A  unit  at   a  single   physical  location   at  which
predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted.

  Extended layoff event.  Fifty  or  more  initial  claims for unemployment
insurance  benefits from an establishment during a 5-week period,  with  at
least 50 workers separated for more than 30 days.

  Initial  claimant.  A person  who  files  any  notice of unemployment  to
initiate  a  request  either  for a determination  of  entitlement  to  and
eligibility  for  compensation, or for a subsequent period of  unemployment
within a benefit year or period of eligibility.

  Layoff. The separation of persons  from  an  employer  as part of a  mass
layoff  event.  (See below.) Such layoffs involve both persons  subject  to
recall and those who are terminated by the establishment.

                                  - 2 -

  Mass layoff.  Fifty or more  initial  claims for  unemployment  insurance
benefits  from  an establishment beginning in a given month, regardless  of
duration.

  Worksite  closure.  The  full  closure  of  either multi-unit or  single-
unit  establishments  or the partial closure of a multi-unit  establishment
where  entire  worksites affected by layoffs are closed or  planned  to  be
closed.


Table 1. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, selected quarters, 2000 and 2001
															       
							      Layoff events           Separations           Initial claimants for
													    unemployment insurance
			 Industry                         

							     III   II    III      III     II      III       III      II       III
							    2000r 2001r 2001p    2000r   2001r   2001p     2000r    2001r    2001p     

	 Total( 1 ) .....................................   1,014 2,055 1,689   230,103 479,671 349,866   189,250  387,880  233,780     

 Total, private .........................................     965 1,967 1,647   217,675 460,985 339,155   180,960  370,706  225,304     

   Agriculture  .........................................     147   142   140    42,791  30,509  39,138    22,022   23,163   12,756     
   Nonagriculture .......................................     812 1,819 1,506   173,968 429,858 299,957   157,624  346,443  212,488     
      Manufacturing  ....................................     387   802   683    86,882 163,372 121,379    79,066  174,839   98,598     
	 Durable goods  .................................     218   550   462    51,138 120,307  81,327    50,100  132,239   69,105     
	    Lumber and wood products ....................      16    19     6     1,834   2,752     757     1,763    2,383      746     
	    Furniture and fixtures ......................       7    26    22     1,165   4,460   2,993       864    4,585    2,220     
	    Stone, clay, and glass products .............       5    15     6       667   2,047     698       473    1,823      772     
	    Primary metal industries ....................      18    46    42     4,905   8,637   6,408     4,504    9,786    5,932     
	    Fabricated metal products ...................      29    62    49     4,765   8,413   6,423     4,669    9,560    5,449     
	    Industrial machinery and equipment ..........      38    92   104     9,955  21,134  19,256     8,875   20,829   15,843     
	    Electronic and other electrical equipment ...      22   195   142     4,639  50,644  27,596     4,371   50,849   22,214     
	    Transportation equipment ....................      65    70    52    21,003  18,847  10,183    22,249   29,529   10,211     
	    Instruments and related products ............      10    17    27     1,191   2,175   5,194     1,182    2,162    4,264     
	    Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ......       8     8    12     1,014   1,198   1,819     1,150      733    1,454     

	 Nondurable goods  ..............................     169   252   221    35,744  43,065  40,052    28,966   42,600   29,493     
	    Food and kindred products ...................      56    71    62    16,235  13,134  11,234    11,646   13,450    7,611     
	    Tobacco products ............................   ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )     ( 2 )   ( 2 )   ( 2 )     ( 2 )    ( 2 )    ( 2 )
	    Textile mill products .......................      14    24    32     2,885   4,702   5,665     3,305    5,073    5,842     
	    Apparel and other textile products ..........      38    54    47     6,375   8,098   7,478     6,264    8,051    6,848     
	    Paper and allied products ...................      14    21    18     2,891   4,101   3,696     2,137    2,813    3,006     
	    Printing and publishing .....................   ( 2 )    24    17     ( 2 )   4,034   4,654     ( 2 )    3,668    1,416     
	    Chemicals and allied products ...............      10    15    20     2,120   2,122   3,698     1,696    2,013    2,393     
	    Petroleum and coal products .................   ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )     ( 2 )   ( 2 )   ( 2 )     ( 2 )    ( 2 )    ( 2 )
	    Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ..      23    35    20     2,803   5,458   3,116     2,244    6,699    1,971     
	    Leather and leather products ................       9 ( 2 ) ( 2 )     1,518   ( 2 )   ( 2 )       987    ( 2 )    ( 2 )

      Nonmanufacturing  .................................     425 1,017   823    87,086 266,486 178,578    78,558  171,604  113,890     
	 Mining  ........................................       4     5    10       874   1,848   2,843       729    2,032    1,638     
	 Construction ...................................      62    93    70    10,895  14,824   8,389    10,758   13,497    7,108     
	 Transportation and public utilities ............      77   150   161    12,775  37,992  56,212    11,748   31,494   25,984     
	 Wholesale and retail trade .....................      75   228   168    13,881  59,054  29,971    11,127   42,820   21,536     
	    Wholesale trade  ............................      19    64    56     2,789  12,192   6,620     1,767    9,681    5,264     
	    Retail trade  ...............................      56   164   112    11,092  46,862  23,351     9,360   33,139   16,272     
	 Finance, insurance, and real estate ............      23    49    53     5,600  10,591  11,108     4,198    8,818    6,572     
	 Services .......................................     184   492   361    43,061 142,177  70,055    39,998   72,943   51,052     

   Not identified  ......................................       6     6     1       916     618      60     1,314    1,100       60     

 Government .............................................      49    88    42    12,428  18,686  10,711     8,290   17,174    8,476     
	 Federal ........................................      11    13    14     3,995   3,513   3,680     2,133    3,889    2,969     
	 State ..........................................      10    13     6     3,142   2,923     878     1,818    2,409      898     
	 Local ..........................................      28    62    22     5,291  12,250   6,153     4,339   10,876    4,609     


   1 For the third quarter 2001, data on layoffs were reported by employers in all states and the District of Columbia.   
   2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.
   p = preliminary.
   r = revised.
Table 2. Reason for separation: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment 
insurance, selected quarters, 2000 and 2001


                                        Layoff events                 Separations              Initial claimants for                                                                           
                                                                                               unemployment insurance
           Reason for separation                                                               
  
                                     III     II      III        III      II        III         III      II         III
                                    2000r   2001r   2001p      2000r    2001r     2001p       2000r    2001r      2001p     
   
    Total, all reasons( 1 ) ......  1,014   2,055   1,689     230,103  479,671   349,866     189,250  387,880    233,780      

 Automation ......................      -   ( 2 )   ( 2 )           -    ( 2 )     ( 2 )           -    ( 2 )      ( 2 )
 Bankruptcy ......................     36      78      59      10,605   63,464    15,790       6,405   13,850     10,149      
 Business ownership change .......     35      50      52       9,186   14,878    11,458       5,005   11,669      8,697      
 Contract cancellation ...........     26      34      47       4,424    6,268     8,617       3,240    5,458      6,560      
 Contract completed ..............    142     155     112      25,718   30,130    16,982      29,861   29,474     13,537      
 Domestic relocation .............     16      36      24       3,270    7,089     4,295       3,804    4,921      3,199      
 Energy-related ..................      3       6       5         744    1,015       944         515      840      1,017      
 Environment-related .............  ( 2 )   ( 2 )       -       ( 2 )    ( 2 )         -       ( 2 )    ( 2 )          -
 Financial difficulty ............     56     172     176      10,628   38,804    43,734       6,669   32,381     23,075      
 Import competition ..............     17      35      26       2,412    8,077     5,298       2,016    7,857      4,345      
 Labor dispute ...................     10      12       7      10,853    3,564     2,303      10,806    2,271      1,958      
 Material shortage ...............      3       5       4         321      606       450         432      570        371      

 Model changeover ................  ( 2 )       8   ( 2 )       ( 2 )    4,270     ( 2 )       ( 2 )    3,235      ( 2 )
 Natural disaster ................      -   ( 2 )   ( 2 )           -    ( 2 )     ( 2 )         -      ( 2 )      ( 2 )
 Non-natural disaster ............  ( 3 )   ( 3 )       5       ( 3 )    ( 3 )     1,435       ( 3 )    ( 3 )        775      
 Overseas relocation .............     10      15      17       1,886    4,263     3,710       1,640    3,582      2,211      
 Plant or machine repair .........  ( 2 )       8       8       ( 2 )    1,399       785       ( 2 )    1,794        853      
 Product line discontinued .......      6       9       5       1,329    3,779       649       1,599    2,997        423      
 Reorganization within company ...     92     191     170      22,978   39,392    35,172      17,075   35,907     24,750      
 Seasonal work ...................    323     556     294      80,958  137,317    71,651      55,261   96,495     34,221      
 Slack work ......................    122     385     477      26,962   60,110    84,194      27,866   79,552     69,180      
 Vacation period .................     10      71      54       1,095   12,401    11,352       1,150   10,956      7,843      
 Weather-related .................      -   ( 2 )       -           -    ( 2 )         -           -    ( 2 )          -
 Other ...........................     34     130      97       6,314   25,559    23,310       3,857   26,404     11,858      
 Not reported ....................     68      92      46       9,829   16,222     6,975       9,750   16,380      7,343      


   1 See footnote 1, table 1.
   2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 
   3 This reason for separation has been created for use effective with third quarter 2001 for work activity curtailed because of a human                                 
 action resulting in a disaster, such as the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, or the threat of an attack.
   p = preliminary.
   r = revised.
   NOTE: Dash represents zero.

Table 3. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, second and third quarters 2001

                                                                                                 Percent of total
                                                 Total
                           Layoff events        initial                              Hispanic                            
                                               claimants             Black            origin            Women       Persons age 55
                                                                                                                       and over 
          State
                            II      III       II       III        II      III      II       III      II      III      II      III
                           2001r   2001p     2001r    2001p      2001r   2001p    2001r    2001p    2001r   2001p    2001r   2001p 

     Total( 1 ) ........   2,055   1,689    387,880  233,780     15.5    13.4     16.5     17.8     49.5    46.1     14.9    13.5

 Alabama ...............      36       3      4,934      626     45.6    52.4      3.1      2.6     51.1    67.6     14.9    14.1
 Alaska ................       -       -          -        -        -       -        -        -        -       -        -       -
 Arizona ...............      46      25      8,833    3,283      2.6     5.2     58.9     30.0     45.3    49.0     12.2    14.1
 Arkansas ..............       8       5        693      749     42.7    19.9       .7       .1     71.4    36.0     12.0    10.9
 California ............     465     459     70,285   47,559      6.1     5.8     42.4     42.4     48.1    46.4     12.4    11.4
 Colorado ..............      36      20      4,361    2,995      4.4     6.2     16.9     13.5     53.2    47.3     11.3     7.7
 Connecticut ...........      19       7      2,655      772     17.1    24.6      7.1     16.2     58.6    58.5     15.5    11.4
 Delaware ..............       -       -          -        -        -       -        -        -        -       -        -       -
 District of Columbia ..   ( 2 )   ( 2 )      ( 2 )    ( 2 )     49.6    40.8      1.9     13.3     70.4    56.4     12.0    14.2
 Florida ...............     133     116     19,466   14,743     26.4    24.9     29.2     23.0     53.3    44.9     18.3    17.9
 Georgia ...............      20      19      3,998    2,160     47.9    60.6       .4       .3     60.9    60.4     16.7    14.0
 Hawaii ................   ( 2 )       3      ( 2 )      376      1.7     7.7       .9       .3     28.4    33.5     13.6    12.8
 Idaho .................      11   ( 2 )      1,176    ( 2 )       .9     1.0      3.0      1.0     32.3    67.3     14.9     4.0

 Illinois ..............     159     128     36,518   19,022     21.7    20.4      9.2     10.1     50.5    41.4     14.2    12.3
 Indiana ...............      44      33     10,844    5,272     13.8    17.0      3.9      3.7     50.8    46.4     14.6    10.6
 Iowa ..................      19      13      3,427    2,222      2.1     3.1      1.7       .8     47.8    40.3     11.7    14.8
 Kansas ................      12       6      3,067      575      9.6     6.8      2.9      2.6     50.3    49.6     12.3    15.1
 Kentucky ..............      17      18      2,800    2,902      5.2    11.5       .4       .4     48.1    59.0     16.4    16.6
 Louisiana .............       6   ( 2 )        417    ( 2 )     69.3    68.3      1.0       .2     88.5    52.8     24.2     6.7
 Maine .................      12       8      1,605      809       .4      .1       .2        -     43.7    31.0      9.3    12.4
 Maryland ..............      11       5      1,264      442     44.8    46.6       .6        -     54.0    52.5     27.0    30.3
 Massachusetts .........      78      59     14,348    7,522      7.8     7.7      3.3      7.0     55.1    48.8     16.9    14.3
 Michigan ..............     101      41     22,755    5,126     22.6    23.7      5.1      4.4     42.7    51.7     12.1    10.7
 Minnesota .............      45      22      7,270    3,914      3.5     2.3      1.7      4.5     45.2    51.1     13.0    14.0
 Mississippi ...........      26       7      2,637      986     59.2    70.8      1.8       .4     49.4    38.8     10.3    13.4
 Missouri ..............      35      30     11,566    5,321     17.8    13.3       .8      3.8     39.2    53.9     14.3    14.0

 Montana ...............       9   ( 2 )      1,282    ( 2 )       .5       -       .2       .7     48.1    29.3     13.4    10.9
 Nebraska ..............   ( 2 )   ( 2 )      ( 2 )    ( 2 )      4.7     5.5       .8      5.1     33.3    40.7      6.2    12.3
 Nevada ................       5      35        451    8,724     33.7     9.0     12.9     26.8     68.3    54.2     11.8    12.5
 New Hampshire .........      11       4      2,211      876      1.5      .3      2.5       .6     56.3    22.0     14.5    17.7
 New Jersey ............      66      49     16,166    7,755     20.5    23.0     18.6     12.2     69.1    55.6     26.9    22.9
 New Mexico ............       9       5      1,187    1,092      1.8     1.8     47.3     60.3     53.7    56.9     16.0    12.3
 New York ..............      63     139     11,003   20,177     13.1     9.3      8.1      6.3     55.5    50.1     14.5    16.5
 North Carolina ........      59      44     10,947    7,277     33.0    36.0      2.5      2.9     47.2    45.4     13.5    10.3
 North Dakota ..........       7   ( 2 )        680    ( 2 )        -      .4      1.9      2.2     61.9    49.4     15.9    10.4
 Ohio ..................      57      44     10,244    5,743     13.6    12.8      1.7      1.0     33.7    29.5     15.2    14.2
 Oklahoma ..............      17      11      5,068    2,041     11.9    15.3      7.4      5.0     20.8    31.6     18.9    30.5
 Oregon ................      38      23      5,512    3,178      2.7     2.5      7.0      9.8     45.8    45.8     15.1    11.7
 Pennsylvania ..........      64      96     25,284   16,483      8.7     5.1      1.7      2.1     46.4    35.9     20.7    15.9

 Rhode Island ..........      14       4      2,398      361      2.9     4.4     12.0     24.9     75.7    49.9     21.7    15.5
 South Carolina ........      16      12      2,178    2,276     64.0    44.0       .1       .2     68.4    48.3      2.9     2.0
 South Dakota ..........       5       -        645        -        -       -        -        -     70.4       -     22.8       -
 Tennessee .............      25      24      2,514    2,233     30.1    21.0        -       .1     47.5    49.6     12.6    12.9
 Texas .................      92      68     26,026   14,317     17.9    13.2     32.5     37.6     49.5    47.4     10.5    10.9
 Utah ..................      10       8        960    1,459      1.3     3.1      6.3     17.2     59.3    46.7      8.6     6.9
 Vermont ...............       9   ( 2 )      1,282    ( 2 )       .5       -       .5        -     47.0    28.3     16.0     7.1
 Virginia ..............      25      15      3,949    2,607     47.5    23.2      1.1       .5     55.1    33.5     18.2    16.3
 Washington ............      43      43      6,471    4,431      4.0     3.7     16.0     23.8     42.2    50.5     15.5    12.1
 West Virginia .........   ( 2 )       -      ( 2 )        -        -       -        -        -     84.4       -     20.3       -
 Wisconsin .............      64      26     14,571    3,344     12.2     5.8      1.8      3.2     53.1    37.6     16.5     9.4
 Wyoming ...............       -       -          -        -        -       -        -        -        -       -        -       -

 Puerto Rico ...........      23      16      5,810    2,494    ( 3 )   ( 3 )    ( 3 )    ( 3 )     49.2    70.4      8.3    10.0

     1 See footnote 1, table 1.                                                                     
     2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.                                    
     3 Data are not available.                                                                       
     p = preliminary.
     r = revised
     NOTE: Dash represents zero.                                                                    
Table 4. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, selected quarters, 2000 and 2001



                                                                                                      Initial claimants for
                                      Layoff events                    Separations                    unemployment insurance
 Census region and division

                                III       II       III          III        II         III           III        II          III
                               2000r     2001r    2001p        2000r      2001r      2001p         2000r      2001r       2001p 

       United States( 1 ) ..   1,014     2,055    1,689       230,103    479,671    349,866       189,250    387,880     233,780

 Northeast .................     176       336      367        38,306     70,515     67,252        42,142     76,952      54,868

     New England ...........      28       143       83        13,890     31,339     13,499        12,042     24,499      10,453
     Middle Atlantic .......     148       193      284        24,416     39,176     53,753        30,100     52,453      44,415

 South .....................     290       495      351        52,337    113,503     73,736        50,239     88,342      54,034

     South Atlantic ........     156       268      213        28,394     57,523     34,737        22,898     43,253      29,716
     East South Central ....      63       104       52        11,891     18,524     10,430        11,092     12,885       6,747
     West South Central ....      71       123       86        12,052     37,456     28,569        16,249     32,204      17,571

 Midwest ...................     253       549      347        49,912    165,431     81,442        38,668    121,716      51,267

     East North Central ....     226       425      272        44,938    143,696     63,982        35,289     94,932      38,507
     West North Central ....      27       124       75         4,974     21,735     17,460         3,379     26,784      12,760

 West ......................     295       675      624        89,548    130,222    127,436        58,201    100,870      73,611

     Mountain ..............      43       126       96         8,844     32,559     22,847         5,672     18,250      18,067
     Pacific ...............     252       549      528        80,704     97,663    104,589        52,529     82,620      55,544


      1 See footnote 1, table 1.
      p = preliminary.
      r = revised.
      NOTE:  The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the 
 census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, 
 New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, 
 and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
 Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South 
 Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, 
 Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, 
 and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North
 Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New 
 Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
 Table 5. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
 selected quarters, 2000 and 2001

                                                                                                       Initial claimants for
                                      Layoff events                     Separations                    unemployment insurance
                                                                                                       
            State
                                III       II        III          III        II         III           III        II         III
                               2000r     2001r     2001p        2000r      2001r      2001p         2000r      2001r      2001p

     Total( 1 ) ............   1,014     2,055     1,689       230,103    479,671    349,866       189,250    387,880    233,780

 Alabama ...................      12        36         3         3,311      6,765      1,320         3,032      4,934        626
 Alaska ....................   ( 2 )         -         -         ( 2 )          -          -         ( 2 )          -          -
 Arizona ...................      15        46        25         4,180      8,109      4,133         1,887      8,833      3,283
 Arkansas ..................       5         8         5           920        929      1,222           570        693        749
 California ................     225       465       459        70,945     81,635     93,825        43,661     70,285     47,559
 Colorado ..................       3        36        20           258     15,579      4,426           263      4,361      2,995
 Connecticut ...............       5        19         7         1,475      6,673      1,672           759      2,655        772
 Delaware ..................       -         -         -             -          -          -             -          -          -
 District of Columbia ......       -     ( 2 )     ( 2 )             -      ( 2 )      ( 2 )             -      ( 2 )      ( 2 )
 Florida ...................      98       133       116        19,045     31,005     18,882        15,228     19,466     14,743
 Georgia ...................       7        20        19         1,626      5,252      2,686           830      3,998      2,160
 Hawaii ....................   ( 2 )     ( 2 )         3         ( 2 )      ( 2 )        351         ( 2 )      ( 2 )        376
 Idaho .....................       4        11     ( 2 )           446      1,997      ( 2 )           320      1,176      ( 2 )

 Illinois ..................      85       159       128        21,303     47,247     39,939        13,878     36,518     19,022
 Indiana ...................      12        44        33         1,868     12,791      7,014         1,882     10,844      5,272
 Iowa ......................   ( 2 )        19        13         ( 2 )      4,173      2,441         ( 2 )      3,427      2,222
 Kansas ....................   ( 2 )        12         6         ( 2 )      2,705        804         ( 2 )      3,067        575
 Kentucky ..................      22        17        18         4,313      4,508      3,877         4,070      2,800      2,902
 Louisiana .................   ( 2 )         6     ( 2 )         ( 2 )        454      ( 2 )         ( 2 )        417      ( 2 )
 Maine .....................       4        12         8           525      2,118      1,160           345      1,605        809
 Maryland ..................       4        11         5           832      1,551        810           780      1,264        442
 Massachusetts .............      16        78        59        11,364     13,514      9,182        10,524     14,348      7,522
 Michigan ..................      67       101        41         9,788     57,782      5,252        10,164     22,755      5,126
 Minnesota .................      11        45        22         2,998      6,617      7,079         1,597      7,270      3,914
 Mississippi ...............      13        26         7         2,244      3,796      1,789         1,230      2,637        986
 Missouri ..................      11        35        30         1,307      6,749      6,374         1,014     11,566      5,321

 Montana ...................       3         9     ( 2 )           506      1,700      ( 2 )           663      1,282      ( 2 )
 Nebraska ..................   ( 2 )     ( 2 )     ( 2 )         ( 2 )      ( 2 )      ( 2 )         ( 2 )      ( 2 )      ( 2 )
 Nevada ....................      11         5        35         2,008        599     11,051         1,872        451      8,724
 New Hampshire .............   ( 2 )        11         4         ( 2 )      4,786        985         ( 2 )      2,211        876
 New Jersey ................      36        66        49         6,105     14,703      9,067         6,321     16,166      7,755
 New Mexico ................   ( 2 )         9         5         ( 2 )      2,492      1,105         ( 2 )      1,187      1,092
 New York ..................      70        63       139        11,682     12,435     30,124        11,308     11,003     20,177
 North Carolina ............      26        59        44         4,316     11,472      9,023         2,931     10,947      7,277
 North Dakota ..............       -         7     ( 2 )             -        680      ( 2 )             -        680      ( 2 )
 Ohio ......................      47        57        44         9,335     10,114      6,843         7,025     10,244      5,743
 Oklahoma ..................       3        17        11           431      5,005      1,371           286      5,068      2,041
 Oregon ....................      12        38        23         6,949      5,512      3,178         6,949      5,512      3,178
 Pennsylvania ..............      42        64        96         6,629     12,038     14,562        12,471     25,284     16,483

 Rhode Island ..............   ( 2 )        14         4         ( 2 )      2,966        387         ( 2 )      2,398        361
 South Carolina ............       7        16        12           615      1,425      1,243         1,182      2,178      2,276
 South Dakota ..............       -         5         -             -        591          -             -        645          -
 Tennessee .................      16        25        24         2,023      3,455      3,444         2,760      2,514      2,233
 Texas .....................      61        92        68        10,522     31,068     25,611        15,214     26,026     14,317
 Utah ......................       5        10         8         1,321      2,083      1,871           568        960      1,459
 Vermont ...................       -         9     ( 2 )             -      1,282      ( 2 )             -      1,282      ( 2 )
 Virginia ..................      11        25        15         1,455      5,367      1,882         1,554      3,949      2,607
 Washington ................      11        43        43         2,175     10,164      7,235         1,376      6,471      4,431
 West Virginia .............       3     ( 2 )         -           505      ( 2 )          -           393      ( 2 )         -
 Wisconsin .................      15        64        26         2,644     15,762      4,934         2,340     14,571      3,344
 Wyoming ...................       -         -         -             -          -          -             -          -          -
 
 Puerto Rico ...............      21        23        16         2,986      4,975      4,906         3,778      5,810      2,494

 
    1 See footnote 1, table 1.
    2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards.     
    p = preliminary.
    r = revised.    
    NOTE: Dash represents zero.