Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers

This occupational group includes art directors, artists, fashion 

designers, actors, producers, directors, coaches, dancers, 

choreographers, musicians, singers, radio announcers, writers, editors, 

interpreters, sound engineering technicians, photographers, and film 

editors.

Cognitive and mental requirements

The qualifications that workers need to use judgment, make decisions, 

interact with others, and adapt to changes in jobs.

In 2023, more than basic people skills were required for 85.2 percent of 

arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers, and basic people skills were required for 14.8 percent.

Table 1. Percentage of arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers with cognitive 

and mental requirements, 2023

Requirement Yes No

Pace: Pause control 74.3 25.7

Interaction with general public 81.7 18.3

Working around crowds 8.9 91.1

Telework 26.3 73.7

Work review: Supervising others 11.4 88.6

Work review: Presence of supervisor 56.9 43.1

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Requirements Survey

Education, training, and 

experience requirements

The minimum level of formal 

education required, 

credentials necessary, onthe-job training, and prior 

work experience necessary 

for average performance in 

jobs.

In 2023, credentials were 

required for 35.8 percent of 

arts, design, entertainment, 

sports, and media workers. 

Prior work experience was 

required for 65.6 percent and 

on-the-job training was 

required for 68.7 percent.

A bachelor's degree was 

required for 42.9 percent of arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers.
Occupational Requirements Survey ●www.bls.gov/ors ●orsinfo@bls.gov ●202.691.6199

Environmental conditions

The various tangible or concrete hazards or 

difficulties that are in the vicinity of where 

jobs’ critical tasks are performed.

In 2023, greater than 95 percent of arts, 

design, entertainment, sports, and media 

workers were not exposed to extreme cold, 

and greater than 99.5 percent were not 

exposed to extreme heat. Wetness was not 

present for 91.2 percent, greater than 99.5 

percent were not exposed to heavy 

vibrations, and 72.3 percent were not 

exposed to the outdoors.

Physical demands

Refer to the physical activities required to 

perform tasks in jobs. The presence and, in 

some cases, duration of these activities are 

published.

In 2023, keyboarding was required for 88.5 

percent of arts, design, entertainment, 

sports, and media workers and was not 

required for 11.5 percent. For 5.2 percent of 

workers, keyboarding was seldom 

performed, for 34.9 percent keyboarding 

occurred occasionally, 44.9 percent 

frequently, and for 3.6 percent keyboarding 

occurred constantly.

Performing work in low postures was 

required for 39.1 percent of arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers and was not required for 60.9 

percent.

The choice to sit or stand when performing critical tasks was available to 70.2 percent of arts, design, entertainment, 

sports, and media workers. On average, workers spent 67.3 percent of the workday sitting and 32.7 percent of the 

workday standing.

Table 2. Percentage of arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media workers with physical 

demands, 2023

Requirement Yes No

Choice of sitting or standing 70.2 29.8

Driving 27.6 72.4

Climbing structure-related ramps or stairs 19.0 81.0

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Requirements Survey